east_n of_o the_o dukedom_n divide_v it_o from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n and_o poland_n mention_v usual_o in_o latin_a writer_n by_o the_o name_n of_o montes_n carpatii_n or_o hungarici_n but_o by_o the_o native_n of_o this_o country_n call_v common_o jablunka_n among_o these_o hill_n the_o silesian_n find_v the_o chief_a treasure_n of_o their_o great_a dukedom_n have_v here_o a_o great_a many_o mine_n of_o silver_n and_o lead_n the_o miner_n that_o inhabit_v these_o part_n be_v call_v by_o their_o neighbour_n die_v walachen_n and_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o people_n much_o more_o rough_a and_o rustical_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o silesian_n a_o vast_a company_n of_o these_o boar_n in_o the_o year_n 1643_o revolt_v from_o the_o imperialist_n and_o flee_v to_o the_o swedish_n army_n but_o be_v not_o long_o after_o reclaim_v the_o other_o row_n of_o mountain_n be_v on_o the_o south_n and_o divide_v the_o dukedom_n of_o teschen_n from_o the_o marquisate_n of_o moravia_n these_o hill_n the_o native_n call_v gesencke_v but_o latin_a author_n make_v they_o a_o part_n of_o the_o sudetes_n and_o name_v they_o montes_n moravici_n these_o latter_a do_v not_o afford_v that_o plenty_n of_o ore_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a but_o be_v tolerable_o well_o stock_v with_o mineral_n and_o some_o metal_n and_o supply_v what_o they_o fall_v short_a of_o the_o other_o in_o this_o kind_n with_o huge_a flock_n of_o sheep_n which_o be_v here_o pasture_v other_o town_n of_o note_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o teschen_n be_v bielitz_n freystattlein_n friedick_n jablunke_v which_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o eastern_a row_n of_o mountain_n abovementioned_a nistkow_n strummen_n skotschau_n and_o schwartzwasser_n some_o add_v lassla_n with_o who_o agree_v j._n scultetus_n map_n of_o silesia_n but_o this_o town_n ought_v rather_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o troppau_n x._o the_o county_n and_o city_n of_o glatz_n among_o the_o montes_n sudetes_n lie_v the_o county_n of_o glatz_n county_n county_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o moravia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o bohemia_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o north_n with_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o silesia_n for_o which_o reason_n modern_a geographer_n have_v be_v at_o a_o stand_n to_o determine_v which_o of_o the_o three_o nation_n they_o shall_v refer_v it_o to_o some_o of_o they_o make_v it_o a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohehemia_n other_o esteem_v it_o a_o petty_a province_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o moravia_n and_o a_o three_o sort_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v most_o probability_n on_o their_o side_n call_v it_o a_o silesian_n county_n it_o be_v ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v the_o marsigni_n in_o who_o day_n the_o city_n of_o glatz_n be_v call_v luca._n after_o they_o the_o hungarian_n get_v possession_n of_o this_o and_o the_o neighbour_a province_n and_o keep_v it_o till_o the_o emperor_n henry_n i._o rout_v they_o and_o hang_v up_o their_o chief_a commander_n in_o one_o of_o the_o forest_n of_o this_o county_n from_o this_o great_a hungarian_a warrior_n who_o name_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v glozar_n the_o city_n of_o glatz_n or_o glotz_n be_v first_o name_v though_o other_o etymologist_n think_v its_o ancient_a name_n to_o be_v klotz_n which_o signify_v proper_o the_o root_n and_o trunk_n of_o a_o tree_n but_o be_v sometime_o take_v for_o a_o large_a forest_n or_o copps_z of_o shrub_n such_o as_o they_o tell_v we_o once_o grow_v in_o the_o place_n where_o glatz_n now_o stand_v the_o nobility_n of_o this_o county_n have_v a_o tradition_n among_o they_o that_o before_o their_o land_n be_v conquer_v by_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o make_v christian_a this_o county_n be_v immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n by_o who_o it_o be_v afterward_o bestow_v on_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n m._n george_n aelurius_n in_o his_o chronicle_n of_o the_o city_n and_o county_n of_o glatz_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1625_o say_v that_o it_o be_v as_o his_o countryman_n affirm_v subject_n at_o first_o to_o the_o emperor_n but_o afterward_o win_v and_o enjoy_v for_o some_o time_n by_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n from_o who_o the_o bohemian_o take_v it_o and_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o record_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v master_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1074_o and_o 1114._o after_o this_o the_o duke_n of_o silesia_n make_v themselves_o lord_n of_o the_o county_n of_o glatz_n which_o within_o a_o while_n return_v to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o then_o back_o again_o to_o the_o foresay_a duke_n in_o this_o state_n it_o continue_v till_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o in_o who_o reign_n it_o be_v once_o more_o subject_v to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o thus_o it_o continue_v till_o king_n george_n about_o the_o year_n 1460_o bestow_v the_o city_n of_o glatz_n munsterberg_n and_o franckenstein_n upon_o his_o own_o son_n who_o thereupon_o have_v the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o munsterberg_n and_o earl_n of_o glatz_n confer_v on_o they_o by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n iv_o in_o the_o year_n 1500_o the_o duke_n of_o munsterberg_n sell_v this_o country_n to_o vlric_n earl_n of_o hardegg_n who_o successor_n within_o less_o than_o forty_o year_n after_o sell_v it_o again_o to_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n i._n who_o bestow_v it_o on_o the_o lord_n of_o bernstein_n from_o they_o it_o descend_v a._n d._n 1549_o upon_o ernest_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n after_o who_o death_n it_o return_v again_o to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n in_o who_o possession_n it_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n be_v iron_n coal_n silver-ore_n timber_n all_o sort_n of_o venison_n and_o tame_a cattle_n butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n how_o rich_a the_o country_n be_v may_v hence_o easy_o be_v gather_v that_o not_o many_o year_n ago_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n steward_n and_o rent-gatherers_a have_v be_v know_v to_o bring_v into_o their_o master_n coffer_n near_o forty_o thousand_o ricxdollar_n yearly_o out_o of_o this_o one_o county_n the_o city_n of_o glatz_n be_v a_o neat_a and_o compact_a town_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a plain_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o neisse_n but_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a castle_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o neighbour_a hill_n which_o overlook_v and_o command_v the_o town_n the_o great_a church_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v former_o the_o temple_n of_o a_o idol_n worship_v by_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n in_o which_o as_o aelurius_n tell_v we_o the_o young_a maid_n of_o the_o country_n use_v to_o nail_v up_o their_o hair_n against_o the_o wall_n as_o be_v the_o custom_n among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n and_o that_o not_o many_o year_n ago_o several_a of_o these_o kind_n of_o tabulae_fw-la votivae_fw-la be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v the_o charter_n of_o their_o city_n permit_v their_o magistrate_n to_o coin_v money_n in_o their_o own_o name_n but_o they_o seldom_o make_v use_n of_o the_o privilege_n any_o further_a than_o to_o give_v abroad_o a_o kind_n of_o small_a coin_n little_o better_o than_o the_o farthing_n and_o halfpence_n late_o currant_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o no_o better_a man_n than_o a_o ordinary_a grocer_n or_o chandler_n in_o most_o of_o our_o market-town_n in_o england_n beside_o glatz_n there_o be_v the_o follow_v nine_o great_a town_n in_o this_o county_n havelswerd_v neurode_o winschelburg_n mitselwald_n reinertz_n lewin_n landeck_v beurath_n and_o wilhelmsthal_n or_o neustatl_n beside_o a_o hundred_o fair_a village_n and_o upward_o marchionatus_n moraviae_n auct_n i._o comenio_n excudebat_fw-la janssonio-waesbergä_a moses_n pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanus_n swart_a notularum_fw-la explicatio_fw-la vrbs_fw-la muris_fw-la cincla_fw-la oppidum_n pagus_n turritus_fw-la arx_n zamek_a castellum_n â—â—â—z_fw-fr pagi_n innominati_n monasterium_fw-la vinetorum_fw-la colle_n thermae_n seu_fw-la aquae_fw-la medicale_n officinae_fw-la â—â—â—â—aria_fw-it auri_fw-la et_fw-fr argenti_n fodinae_fw-la ferri_n fodinae_fw-la the_o marquisate_n of_o moravia_n moravia_n be_v common_o in_o the_o bohemian_a writer_n prefer_v before_o silesia_n although_o this_o late_a be_v a_o dukedom_n and_o the_o other_o no_o more_o than_o a_o marquisate_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o preeminence_n must_v be_v ascribe_v either_o to_o this_o marquisate_n have_v be_v ancient_o a_o kingdom_n or_o else_o to_o its_o be_v make_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n before_o ever_o the_o silesian_n embrace_v their_o yoke_n the_o german_n call_v this_o country_n mahren_n and_o some_o of_o their_o writer_n will_v have_v it_o name_v mehrhenland_n or_o equarum_fw-la regio_fw-la imagine_v the_o true_a etymology_n of_o the_o word_n to_o come_v from_o the_o multitude_n of_o horse_n or_o mare_n breed_v in_o this_o marquisate_n but_o certain_o the_o word_n moravia_n which_o be_v undoubted_o of_o the_o same_o offspring_n with_o the_o
of_o his_o subject_n and_o have_v person_n send_v to_o instruct_v and_o govern_v they_o according_a to_o those_o excellent_a rule_n which_o themselves_o there_o see_v which_o thing_n be_v according_o grant_v and_o governor_n send_v and_o castle_n and_o town_n order_v to_o be_v build_v and_o the_o people_n to_o be_v instruct_v as_o they_o still_o continue_v to_o do_v moscoviae_n pars_fw-la australis_n isaaco_n massa_n the_o several_a province_n of_o russia_n the_o first_o province_n of_o russia_n towards_o the_o north-east_n be_v obdoria_n situate_v betwixt_o ob_fw-la and_o pechora_n or_o petzora_n rivers_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o a_o large_a country_n but_o thin_o inhabit_v which_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v in_o our_o map_n call_v samoiedia_n more_o frequent_o than_o obdoria_n as_o if_o it_o be_v only_o the_o country_n of_o the_o samoieds_fw-fr concern_v the_o great_a river_n ob_fw-la or_o oby_n we_o have_v but_o little_a of_o certainty_n for_o i_o can_v find_v that_o any_o of_o our_o merchant_n have_v be_v there_o a_o english_a factor_n before_o ann_n 1600_o employ_v one_o englishman_n with_o other_o his_o servant_n to_o discover_v the_o way_n unto_o and_o the_o trade_n of_o it_o by_o land_n but_o they_o be_v imprison_v by_o order_n of_o the_o russ-governor_n who_o seem_v unwilling_a that_o any_o one_o shall_v understand_v that_o profit_n but_o themselves_o some_o conceive_v that_o these_o people_n be_v mention_v in_o curtius_n and_o other_o ancient_a author_n by_o the_o name_n of_o scythae_n abii_n from_o the_o river_n aby_n or_o oby_n but_o it_o be_v uncertain_a the_o river_n itself_o be_v say_v to_o arise_v from_o a_o lake_n call_v cataisko_n as_o if_o the_o catayan_o who_o most_o man_n conceive_v to_o be_v the_o chinese_n live_v upon_o or_o near_o it_o it_o be_v say_v also_o that_o it_o receive_v many_o great_a river_n whereof_o we_o know_v little_a beside_o the_o name_n that_o it_o be_v navigable_a two_o hundred_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o disembogue_n into_o the_o sea_n beyond_o the_o strait_n of_o waygat_n that_o the_o mouth_n be_v eighty_o verst_n or_o italian_a mile_n broad_a yet_o many_o shallows_o and_o flat_n in_o it_o and_o that_o it_o be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o fish_n the_o samoieds_n seem_v to_o say_v that_o a_o english_a ship_n do_v many_o year_n ago_o arrive_v there_o but_o be_v there_o wrack_v the_o man_n be_v all_o kill_v by_o the_o samoieds_fw-fr betwixt_o oby_n and_o petzora_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o very_a large_a country_n like_o a_o promontory_n run_v very_o far_o into_o the_o north_n or_o freeze_a ocean_n in_o which_o as_o i_o say_v be_v the_o province_n of_o obdora_n and_o condora_n how_o separate_v we_o know_v not_o nor_o any_o thing_n else_o of_o they_o more_o than_o that_o they_o receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n in_o 1618._o and_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o grand_a tzar_n before_o ivan_n vasilowich_n from_o medemskoy_n zavorot_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o pechora_n to_o ob_fw-la be_v sixteen_o day_n sail_v with_o a_o good_a wind_n six_o day_n to_o breit-vinnose_a in_o the_o strait_n of_o waygat_n leave_v the_o rock_n sacolia_fw-la lowdia_fw-la on_o the_o starboard-side_n waygat_n be_v at_o first_o mention_v by_o steph._n burrough_n but_o not_o know_v whether_o to_o be_v a_o distinct_a island_n or_o part_n of_o nova_n zembla_n and_o in_o some_o of_o our_o late_a map_n it_o be_v quite_o omit_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o be_v put_v fretum_n nassauvianum_n according_a to_o the_o fancy_n of_o our_o neighbour_n the_o inhabitant_n they_o say_v be_v samoieds_n very_o barbarous_a men-eater_n etc._n etc._n over_o against_o these_o strait_n a_o new_a map_n print_v at_o nurenburgh_n this_o year_n 1679_o in_o the_o continent_n where_o we_o conceive_v obdora_n and_o condora_n have_v place_v by_o what_o authority_n and_o whether_o with_o the_o good_a like_n of_o the_o grand_a tzar_n let_v they_o consider_v who_o be_v concern_v new_a walckeren_n new_a holland_n and_o new_a west-frieseland_a beside_o divers_a other_o name_n of_o the_o low_a country_n i_o suppose_v it_o proceed_v only_o from_o a_o itch_n they_o have_v of_o attribute_v all_o discovery_n to_o and_o give_v name_n by_o themselves_o the_o bay_n of_o petzora_n be_v call_v yongorsky-shar_a and_o there_o fall_v in_o divers_a great_a river_n as_o cara-reca_a or_o the_o black_a river_n moetnaia-reca_a the_o muddy_a river_n zolena-reca_a the_o green_a river_n betwixt_o it_o and_o ob._n petzora_n also_o be_v name_v both_o in_o the_o grand_a tzars_n title_n and_o by_o author_n also_o as_o a_o province_n petzora_n petzora_n which_o they_o say_v be_v bound_v by_o the_o river_n of_o that_o name_n and_o the_o great_a mountain_n call_v ziemni-poias_a or_o cingulum_n mundi_fw-la in_o 1611_o a_o ship_n be_v send_v to_o settle_v a_o factory_a at_o pechora_n they_o find_v the_o bar_n very_o shallow_a nine_o or_o ten_o foot_n water_n afterward_o they_o come_v into_o the_o suchoi-more_a or_o dry_a sea_n because_o of_o the_o shallowness_n of_o the_o water_n the_o inhabitant_n say_v that_o pechora_n flow_v into_o the_o sea_n with_o seventy-two_a mouth_n other_o say_v six_o only_a the_o channel_n that_o trend_v south-west_n be_v the_o deep_a and_o best_a the_o town_n be_v call_v pustozera_n because_o on_o a_o lake_n which_o the_o russes_z call_v osera_n and_o it_o lie_v in_o 68_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n of_o latitude_n in_o the_o town_n be_v three_o church_n and_o the_o people_n poor_a speak_v a_o language_n of_o their_o own_o and_o be_v christian_n ever_o since_o 1518_o they_o live_v chief_o upon_o the_o goose_n and_o other_o fowl_n which_o they_o catch_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n who_o feather_n they_o sell_v to_o merchant_n and_o the_o flesh_n they_o powder_n and_o dry_v for_o winter_n the_o river_n be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o fish_n especial_o salmon_n whereof_o in_o one_o year_n they_o take_v above_o fifteen_o thousand_o which_o they_o salt_n sell_v and_o convey_v to_o mezen_n by_o land_n they_o live_v common_o upon_o fresh_a fish_n boil_v and_o dry_v hither_o use_v to_o come_v every_o year_n two_o thousand_o samoieds_n with_o their_o commodity_n the_o pechora_n run_v through_o great_a permia_n and_o the_o head_n of_o it_o be_v five_o week_n journey_n above_o pustozera_n divers_a great_a river_n fall_v into_o it_o as_o shapkina_n nougorotka_n habeaga_n and_o ouse_n of_o which_o beside_o the_o name_n we_o know_v nothing_o east_n of_o the_o pechora_n lie_v the_o promontory_n of_o borandey_n scarce_o mention_v in_o any_o author_n the_o chief_a town_n whereof_o be_v vetzora_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v original_o samoieds_n but_o somewhat_o civilise_v by_o the_o muscovite_n three_o day_n journey_n above_o pustozera_n lie_v upon_o the_o same_o river_n oustzilma_a a_o town_n of_o about_o threescore_o house_n in_o 66_o deg_fw-la and_o 30_o min._n where_o they_o have_v ry_z and_o barley_n grow_v very_o good_a and_o where_o be_v a_o very_a good_a trade_n for_o fur_n siberia_n call_v by_o the_o russes_z sibior_fw-la siberia_n siberia_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n though_o more_o south_n than_o obdoria_n and_o petzora_n from_o which_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o those_o high_a and_o terrible_a mountain_n call_v ziemni-poias_a which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cold_a wind_n to_o which_o they_o be_v expose_v and_o continual_a snow_n be_v very_o barren_a and_o hardly_o passable_a in_o many_o place_n here_o and_o there_o be_v tree_n some_o say_v cedar_n and_o about_o they_o the_o black_a sables_n and_o the_o best_a white_a falcon_n herberstein_n report_v that_o there_o be_v some_o person_n that_o after_o seventeen_o day_n travel_v to_o go_v over_o they_o return_v back_o as_o think_v they_o unpassable_a they_o be_v heretofore_o all_o samoieds_fw-fr and_o in_o bar._n herbersteins_n time_n have_v neither_o castle_n nor_o city_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n cama_fw-la out_o out_o of_o it_o arise_v the_o jayck_n a_o large_a river_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o plain_n of_o tartary_n enter_v into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o country_n be_v then_o also_o full_a of_o wood_n and_o lake_n and_o almost_o desert_a till_o they_o submit_v to_o the_o muscovite_n together_o with_o the_o other_o samoieds_fw-fr the_o country_n be_v so_o call_v from_o sibier_n or_o sibior_fw-la the_o first_o build_v city_n among_o they_o though_o tobolsca_n be_v the_o chief_a which_o be_v a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n to_o which_o the_o teseek_n boughars_n and_o tartar_n bring_v very_o rich_a commodity_n from_o persia_n of_o all_o sort_n papinougorod_n also_o be_v a_o good_a trade_n town_n so_o call_v from_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o papini_n among_o who_o it_o be_v build_v who_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o samoieds_n and_o have_v a_o peculiar_a language_n but_o siberia_n be_v now_o for_o nothing_o more_o famous_a then_o that_o it_o be_v the_o place_n of_o banishment_n for_o such_o either_o offender_n as_o
suedes_o at_o the_o treaty_n 1616_o of_o stolbow_n the_o grand_a tzar_n quit_v the_o title_n of_o this_o country_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n vodska_n or_o votska_n thirty_o league_n north_n of_o novogorod_n vodska_n vodska_n upon_o its_o left_a hand_n be_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o ivanogorod_n surrender_v to_o the_o swede_n by_o the_o same_o treaty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o town_n jamagrod_v and_o augdow_n and_o the_o castle_n coporia_n noteburg_n and_o kexholm_n they_o say_v that_o all_o the_o beast_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o this_o province_n turn_v white_a the_o inhabitant_n have_v a_o language_n proper_a to_o themselves_o woskopitin_n be_v by_o some_o author_n place_v between_o kexholm_n and_o noteburg_n woskopitin_n woskopitin_n a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a province_n both_o for_o corn_n and_o cattle_n but_o so_o pester_v with_o lake_n and_o marsh_n that_o it_o be_v very_o little_o frequent_v and_o the_o name_n scarce_o know_v bieleiezioro_n bieleiozioro_n bieleiozioro_n situate_v upon_o a_o lake_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o signification_n i.e._n the_o white_a lake_n which_o lake_n be_v thirteen_o league_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a and_o furnish_v only_o one_o river_n call_v sosna_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n in_o this_o lake_n be_v a_o castle_n both_o for_o natural_a and_o artisicial_a strength_n account_v impregnable_a whither_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n the_o prince_n have_v send_v their_o treasure_n and_o themselves_o also_o retire_v the_o whole_a province_n be_v full_a of_o wood_n and_o lake_n that_o except_o when_o they_o be_v hard_o freeze_v it_o be_v not_o easy_o passable_a near_o this_o lake_n be_v another_o small_a lake_n that_o produce_v sulphur_n i_o rather_o suppose_v naphtha_n or_o petroleum_n swim_v like_o froth_n or_o oil_n upon_o the_o water_n this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v first_o possess_v by_o sinaus_n varegus_n who_o brother_n truvor_v settle_v in_o pskouvia_n and_o runiz_n in_o novogardia_n these_o three_o be_v by_o the_o russes_z look_v upon_o as_o the_o founder_n of_o their_o nation_n vologda_n be_v the_o only_a city_n in_o all_o the_o grand_a tzars_n dominion_n that_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o stone-wall_n vologda_fw-la vologda_fw-la and_o for_o its_o strength_n the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a in_o time_n of_o danger_n to_o secure_v here_o part_n of_o his_o treasure_n it_o be_v as_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o westerly_a and_o northerly_a province_n much_o encumber_a with_o wood_n and_o marsh_n many_o of_o which_o be_v except_o in_o winter_n utter_o unpassable_a it_o be_v situate_v upon_o the_o river_n waga_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o dwina_n and_o it_o together_o with_o all_o the_o province_n mention_v since_o dwina_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o novogorod_n novogorod_n call_v weliki_n or_o the_o great_a novogorod_n novogorod_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o of_o that_o name_n the_o dutch_a call_v it_o nieugarten_n in_o 58_o deg_fw-la 23_o min._n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n volgda_n not_o volga_n or_o volchou_n famous_a for_o its_o bremes_n a_o little_a below_o the_o lake_n ilmin_n whilst_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n it_o be_v in_o so_o great_a power_n fame_n and_o wealth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a commerce_n of_o several_a nation_n there_o establish_v that_o it_o be_v proverbial_o speak_v who_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n against_o god_n and_o great_a novogorod_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v the_o convenience_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v navigable_a from_o the_o very_a spring_n and_o the_o country_n abound_v in_o wheat_n flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n and_o leather_n which_o be_v better_o dress_v here_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n invite_v hither_o so_o many_o merchant_n from_o all_o the_o northern_a country_n and_o those_o upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a city_n of_o all_o the_o north_n for_o trade_n and_o wealth_n the_o first_o diminution_n of_o it_o be_v from_o vitold_a duke_n of_o lithvania_n who_o 1427_o oblige_a the_o city_n to_o compound_v for_o their_o peace_n at_o a_o great_a rate_n but_o ivan_n vasili_n grotsdin_n 1477_o force_v they_o to_o receive_v a_o governor_n from_o he_o but_o that_o not_o satisfy_v of_o he_o he_o go_v thither_o in_o person_n pretend_v i_o know_v not_o what_o devotion_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o city_n with_o his_o army_n he_o pillage_v it_o carrying_z away_o three_o hundred_o cart_n load_v with_o jewel_n gold_n and_o silver_n beside_o many_o more_o fill_v with_o rich_a stuff_n and_o sumptuous_a moveable_n all_o which_o he_o send_v to_o moscow_n and_o transport_v many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n into_o other_o place_n and_o send_v muscovite_n to_o inhabit_v in_o their_o stead_n but_o their_o great_a calamity_n be_v from_o ivan_n vasilowich_n in_o 1569_o who_o upon_o a_o suspicion_n of_o their_o endeavour_v to_o revolt_v come_v hither_o with_o his_o army_n slay_v drown_v and_o trample_v to_o death_n a_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n present_o after_o this_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n which_o bring_v so_o great_a a_o famine_n that_o they_o eat_v one_o another_o the_o tzar_n on_o this_o occasion_n pretend_v to_o punish_v their_o inhumanity_n cut_v to_o piece_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o remain_a inhabitant_n his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n here_o act_v be_v not_o sit_v to_o be_v repeat_v it_o be_v in_o 1611_o take_v by_o the_o swede_n by_o storm_n but_o at_o the_o great_a treaty_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n of_o russia_n and_o sweden_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o be_v redeliver_v to_o the_o russes_z and_o in_o their_o hand_n it_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n be_v a_o strong_a castle_n build_v of_o stone_n join_v to_o the_o city_n by_o a_o large_a bridge_n wherein_o live_v the_o weywod_n or_o governor_n and_o the_o metropolitan_a by_o which_o two_o all_o the_o affair_n ecclesiastical_a civil_a and_o military_a in_o all_o that_o province_n be_v govern_v the_o town_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o rampart_n of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o have_v a_o castle_n in_o the_o midst_n reasonable_o well_o fortify_v there_o be_v about_o a_o hundred_o monastery_n whereof_o that_o of_o st._n antony_n be_v the_o chief_a church_n and_o chapel_n which_o have_v their_o steeple_n and_o tower_n cover_v with_o copper_n gild_v the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v that_o of_o st._n sophia_n in_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n stara-russa_a brunitza_n sedrowa_n and_o stara-russa_a be_v brunitza_n sedrowa_n and_o stara-russa_a which_o the_o baron_n of_o herberstein_n call_v russ_n and_o say_v it_o give_v name_n to_o all_o the_o russes_z near_o that_o town_n be_v a_o salt_n river_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v form_v into_o a_o lake_n and_o with_o conduit_n draw_v the_o salt-water_n to_o their_o house_n where_o they_o boil_v the_o salt_n with_o which_o and_o other_o commodity_n they_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n into_o polotskow_n a_o province_n of_o poland_n the_o russes_z say_v that_o near_o to_o novogorod_n be_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o whip_n mention_v by_o justin_n l._n 2._o and_o many_o other_o author_n wherewith_o the_o master_n return_v victorious_a after_o some_o year_n war_n conquer_v their_o slave_n who_o in_o the_o long_a time_n of_o their_o absence_n have_v seize_v upon_o their_o estate_n and_o wife_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o novogorod-money_n have_v former_o on_o one_o side_n a_o horseman_n shake_v his_o whip_n bielski_n be_v a_o province_n between_o novogorod_n and_o smolensko_n bielski_n bielski_n have_v its_o principal_a city_n and_o castle_n call_v biela_n bielha_n or_o bielow_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n osca_n this_o have_v heretofore_o a_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o subject_a to_o the_o descendants_n of_o jagellan_n duke_n of_o litvania_n till_o basilius_n prince_n of_o bielski_n fall_v off_o to_o the_o grand_a tzar_n and_o agree_v to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n it_o now_o augment_v the_o number_n of_o his_o title_n as_o do_v also_o that_o of_o rischow_n rischow_n rischow_n which_o have_v also_o a_o castle_n and_o city_n of_o that_o name_n it_o have_v also_o former_o a_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o but_o now_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o russ-empire_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o forest_n and_o lake_n particular_o here_o be_v that_o great_a forest_n of_o wolchonisky_n wherein_o arise_v the_o volga_n the_o dnieper_n the_o dwina_n and_o the_o lowat_n all_o great_a river_n near_o to_o this_o be_v woloizk_a famous_a for_o its_o white_a hare_n and_o the_o prince_n frequent_a hunt_v there_o wyelikyeluki_n a_o large_a city_n with_o a_o good_a castle_n and_o toropyecz_n a_o large_a town_n also_o and_o a_o castle_n all_o which_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o russia_n by_o surrender_n of_o their_o proper_a lord_n it_o be_v be_v near_a to_o the_o foresay_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o north-west_n from_o moskow_n the_o capital_a town_n
of_o lechus_n the_o first_o other_o think_v it_o the_o same_o with_o ptolomey_n carodunum_fw-la corrupt_v into_o cracow_n this_o city_n as_o it_o be_v the_o large_a so_o it_o be_v the_o best_a build_v of_o any_o one_o in_o poland_n cromer_n set_v it_o in_o competition_n with_o the_o best_a build_v city_n of_o germany_n or_o italy_n but_o we_o must_v allow_v he_o to_o stretch_v a_o little_a more_o than_o ordinary_a in_o commendation_n of_o his_o own_o country_n the_o house_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o freestone_n and_o four_o or_o five_o story_n high_a but_o cover_v with_o board_n instead_o of_o slat_n there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o considerable_a company_n of_o italian_a and_o german_a merchant_n who_o bring_v in_o such_o foreign_a ware_n as_o the_o country_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o it_o consist_v like_a london_n and_o paris_n of_o three_o part_n 1._o cracow_n proper_o so_o call_v or_o the_o ancient_a city_n 2._o cazimiria_n join_v to_o the_o rest_n by_o a_o wooden_a bridge_n across_o the_o vistula_n 3._o stradomia_fw-la which_o lie_v between_o cracow_n and_o the_o bridge_n the_o king_n palace_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a hill_n whence_o it_o overlook_v both_o city_n and_o country_n it_o be_v rebuilt_a in_o the_o magnificent_a posture_n it_o now_o stand_v by_o sigismond_n the_o elder_a who_o add_v the_o gallery_n on_o the_o north_n side_n from_o whence_o you_o have_v one_o of_o the_o best_a prospect_n in_o europe_n the_o university_n of_o cracow_n be_v first_o begin_v by_o casimir_n the_o great_a finish_v by_o vladislaus_n jagello_n in_o performance_n of_o the_o last_o will_v and_o testament_n of_o his_o queen_n hedwig_n and_o have_v its_o privilege_n confirm_v to_o it_o by_o pope_n vrban_n in_o the_o year_n 1549_o the_o scholar_n of_o cracow_n by_o a_o general_a consent_n leave_v the_o university_n upon_o a_o affront_n put_v on_o they_o by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n who_o refuse_v to_o execute_v justice_n upon_o the_o servant_n of_o andrew_n czarnkowski_n when_o in_o a_o quarrel_n they_o have_v slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o student_n and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o several_a part_n of_o germany_n whence_o return_v lutheran_n they_o spread_v the_o reform_a opinion_n all_o poland_n over_o and_o get_v great_a number_n of_o proselyte_n upon_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o christianity_n in_o this_o kingdom_n miecislaus_fw-la the_o first_o who_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 964_o cracow_n be_v make_v a_o archbishopric_n but_o within_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o lampert_n zula_n refuse_v to_o receive_v his_o pall_n from_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v before_o he_o it_o degenerate_v into_o a_o bishopric_n afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o boleslaus_n the_o chaste_a which_o begin_v a.d._n 1226_o asleep_o contest_v arise_v between_o jvo_n bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o vratislaw_n about_o precedency_n the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n upon_o his_o submissive_a appeal_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n be_v again_o restore_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o archbishop_n which_o only_o last_v during_o his_o life_n at_o this_o day_n the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n wear_v a_o archbishops_n pall_n set_v rich_o with_o jewel_n which_o be_v the_o only_a relic_n they_o have_v of_o their_o ancient_a honour_n the_o next_o palatinate_n of_o the_o lesser_a poland_n sendomir_n sendomir_n be_v that_o of_o sendomir_n the_o city_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o vistula_n and_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o a_o castle_n both_o build_v by_o casimir_n the_o great_a who_o afterward_o die_v of_o a_o surfeit_n by_o eat_v too_o free_o of_o the_o fruit_n of_o this_o country_n which_o be_v reckon_v the_o fair_a and_o best_a in_o poland_n here_o be_v nothing_o else_o worth_a the_o take_a notice_n of_o save_o the_o monastery_n of_o dominican_n friar_n found_v by_o jvo_n archbishop_n of_o cracow_n the_o palatinate_n of_o lublin_n be_v take_v out_o of_o that_o of_o sendomir_n as_o be_v too_o big_a for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o one_o palatine_a by_o casimir_n jagellonides_n lublin_n lublin_n the_o city_n be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o well_o build_v and_o much_o frequent_v especial_o in_o the_o fair_n keep_v three_o time_n a_o year_n by_o christian_n jewish_a and_o turkish_a merchant_n it_o be_v much_o better_a fortifve_v by_o the_o marsh_n which_o environ_v it_o than_o its_o wall_n and_o more_o beholden_a to_o nature_n for_o its_o defence_n then_o either_o casimir_n the_o great_a who_o wall_v it_o round_o or_o the_o russian_n who_o build_v the_o adjoin_a castle_n the_o great_a church_n in_o it_o be_v build_v by_o lescus_n the_o black_a upon_o a_o great_a conquest_n obtain_v against_o the_o lithvanians_n near_o this_o city_n and_o dedicate_v to_o st._n michael_n who_o in_o a_o vision_n the_o night_n before_o the_o battle_n have_v promise_v he_o good_a success_n st._n bridget_n monastery_n among_o many_o other_o magnificent_a one_o be_v found_v by_o vladislaus_n jagello_n one_o of_o the_o two_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n from_o which_o no_o appeal_n lie_v save_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o poland_n be_v keep_v at_o lublin_n hither_o for_o judgement_n in_o controversy_n of_o any_o great_a moment_n repair_v the_o palatinate_v of_o cracow_n sendomir_n russia_n podolia_n lublin_n belze_n podlassia_n volhinia_n braclaw_n kiow_n and_o czernichow_n or_o at_o least_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o be_v still_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n of_o other_o country_n and_o province_n to_o which_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v former_o pretend_v a_o title_n by_o conquest_n contract_n or_o otherwise_o beside_o the_o place_n mention_v and_o at_o present_a subject_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n the_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n lay_v claim_n to_o many_o and_o large_a territory_n now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o prince_n omit_v bohemia_n moravia_n wagria_n misnia_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o rugen_n mecklenburg_n and_o lunenburg_n which_o whatever_o some_o of_o the_o polish_v writer_n assert_v and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v good_a be_v very_o little_a or_o not_o at_o all_o subject_n to_o boleslaus_n chrobri_n who_o be_v the_o only_a king_n that_o ever_o can_v plausible_o pretend_v a_o title_n to_o any_o part_n of_o they_o we_o shall_v confine_v our_o discourse_n to_o those_o country_n to_o which_o the_o polonian_a prince_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v have_v a_o more_o just_a and_o legal_a title_n that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o silesia_n be_v part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o poland_n silesia_n silesia_n in_o the_o day_n of_o lechus_n the_o first_o and_o several_a of_o his_o successor_n be_v high_o probable_a from_o the_o writing_n of_o adam_n bremensis_n and_o helmoldus_n who_o both_o of_o they_o make_v the_o river_n other_o the_o bound_n of_o poland_n beside_o the_o german_a chronologer_n tell_v we_o that_o charles_n the_o great_a ludovicus_n pius_n and_o other_o emperor_n conquer_v the_o silesian_n and_o make_v they_o tributary_n to_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o polish_v historian_n upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o be_v general_o positive_a in_o assert_v that_o silesia_n be_v always_o without_o any_o such_o intermission_n or_o conquest_n as_o the_o german_n strive_v to_o make_v out_o a_o part_n of_o the_o polish_v dominion_n only_o vincentius_n kadlubko_n agree_v with_o the_o german_n affirm_v that_o boleslaus_n chrobri_n among_o his_o many_o other_o conquest_n regain_v selucia_n as_o he_o call_v it_o and_o leave_v it_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n after_o his_o time_n we_o find_v that_o casimir_n the_o first_o translate_v the_o bishopric_n of_o bicine_n to_o vratislaw_n whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o his_o day_n silesia_n be_v part_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o poland_n not_o long_o after_o henry_n the_o iv_o emperor_n of_o germany_n in_o the_o diet_n at_o munster_n a.d._n 1086_o make_v over_o silesia_n lusatia_n and_o indeed_o all_o poland_n to_o vratislaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n though_o as_o cromer_n say_v he_o have_v no_o right_n to_o a_o foot_n of_o land_n in_o any_o of_o they_o whereupon_o ensue_v a_o bloody_a war_n betwixt_o the_o bohemian_o and_o pole_n wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conjecture_v the_o latter_a have_v the_o better_a since_o all_o historian_n agree_v that_o silesia_n be_v under_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n government_n during_o the_o whole_a reign_n of_o boleslaus_n the_o three_o his_o son_n vladislaus_n the_o second_o be_v depose_v by_o his_o brethren_n who_o be_v leave_v coheir_n with_o he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n flee_v first_o to_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o first_o who_o bring_v boleslaus_n crispus_n duke_n of_o poland_n and_o brother_n to_o vladislaus_n to_o such_o strait_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o resign_v all_o silesia_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o brother_n child_n but_o upon_o condition_n they_o shall_v
new_a werck_n build_v for_o the_o convenient_a harbour_v of_o such_o merchantman_n as_o sail_v that_o way_n but_o the_o great_a royalty_n the_o citizen_n of_o hamburg_n can_v pretend_v to_o without_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o own_o city_n be_v from_o the_o custom-house_n at_o tollenspicker_n not_o far_o from_o winsen_n where_o all_o passenger_n pay_v a_o certain_a toll_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o carriage_n there_o be_v other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n that_o be_v equal_o subject_a to_o this_o city_n and_o lubeck_n and_o pay_v a_o acknowledgement_n to_o both_o corporation_n the_o money_n currant_n in_o hamburg_n money_n money_n and_o the_o adjacent_a part_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o empire_n those_o especial_o of_o the_o emperor_n coin_v and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n some_o small_a piece_n be_v coin_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o burgo-master_n and_o radtsherrn_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o coin_n of_o all_o trade_a nation_n in_o europe_n will_v pass_v here_o at_o a_o good_a value_n the_o dukedom_n and_o city_n of_o bremen_n the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburg_n bound_n bound_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o weser_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o german_a or_o british_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o elb._n which_o large_a plot_n of_o ground_n be_v ancient_o inhabit_v by_o the_o cauci_n a_o valiant_a and_o warlike_a people_n and_o probable_o the_o ancestor_n of_o those_o who_o to_o this_o day_n inherit_v this_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o whole_a dukedom_n be_v subdivide_v into_o several_a lesser_a province_n division_n division_n among_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o bishopric_n of_o verhden_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o lunenburg_n the_o next_o in_o order_n and_o greatness_n be_v the_o land_n of_o bremen_n strict_o so_o call_v contain_v a_o circle_n of_o some_o mile_n round_o that_o large_a and_o famous_a city_n the_o three_o considerable_a province_n be_v wursterland_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n from_o the_o weser_n down_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o elb._n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o province_n be_v reckon_v man_n of_o as_o good_a spirit_n and_o as_o brave_a soldier_n as_o any_o subject_n of_o the_o empire_n whatever_o their_o frequent_a rebellion_n under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n first_o inure_v they_o to_o war_n and_o they_o have_v ever_o since_o delight_v in_o follow_v the_o camp_n it_o be_v report_v of_o they_o that_o in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o obstinacy_n for_o which_o they_o be_v often_o severe_o lash_v by_o many_o of_o the_o archbishop_n they_o never_o build_v themselves_o any_o city_n or_o fort_n of_o defence_n but_o rely_v whole_o upon_o the_o strength_n and_o courage_n of_o their_o companion_n which_o they_o fancy_v a_o sufficient_a bulwark_n against_o the_o sturdy_a enemy_n that_o shall_v dare_v to_o assault_v they_o and_o they_o have_v still_o this_o character_n give_v they_o that_o the_o wursterlander_n will_v fight_v and_o drink_v with_o the_o best_a man_n in_o dutchland_n after_o these_o come_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o hadelia_n or_o hadeliria_n das_fw-la landt_fw-ge hadelen_fw-mi a_o proud_a and_o ignorant_a people_n so_o strange_o enamour_a of_o gay-clothes_n that_o their_o neighbour_n allude_v to_o this_o piece_n of_o vanity_n say_v proverbial_o of_o they_o there_o be_v no_o peasant_n in_o hadeland_n some_o part_n of_o this_o province_n upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o elb_n where_o stand_v the_o fort_n of_o ritzenbuttel_n and_o newwerck_a be_v as_o we_o have_v say_v former_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxon-lawenburg_a and_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o citizen_n of_o hamburg_n another_o considerable_a portion_n of_o it_o in_o which_o be_v seat_v the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o atterndorff_n which_o command_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o province_n be_v still_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n and_o no_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n to_o which_o no_o place_n of_o any_o consequence_n in_o hadelland_n be_v subject_a except_o the_o village_n and_o castle_n of_o nyen-huss_a on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o host_n next_o after_o hadelland_n come_v kedingerland_n in_o which_o be_v seat_v the_o city_n of_o stade_n and_o beyond_o that_o alt-land_n or_o old-land_n a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n of_o about_o fourteen_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n he_o that_o shall_v travel_v the_o road_n betwixt_o bremen_n and_o stade_n soil_n soil_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o have_v a_o very_a mean_a opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n of_o bremen_n meet_v with_o nothing_o but_o barren_a sand_n and_o heath_n a_o waist_n and_o uninhabited_a country_n and_o yet_o elsewhere_o there_o be_v not_o any_o country_n on_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n full_a of_o pleasant_a field_n and_o meadow_n fruitful_a orchard_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n or_o delight_n whence_o some_o witty_a geographer_n have_v please_v themselves_o in_o fancy_v the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n to_o be_v mighty_a like_o a_o spread_a cloak_n the_o two_o flappe_n of_o which_o contain_v the_o country_n along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o elb_n and_o weser_n be_v line_v with_o velvet_n or_o plush_n but_o the_o middle_a part_n which_o reach_v from_o vehrden_n up_o as_o far_o as_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o host_n be_v nothing_o but_o course_n canvas_n or_o buckram_n before_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n in_o the_o year_n 1648_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o archbishop_n this_o tract_n of_o land_n go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o archbishopric_n and_o all_o the_o prince_n under_o who_o subjection_n it_o be_v be_v style_v archbishop_n of_o bremen_n of_o who_o with_o their_o three_o bishop_n the_o account_n we_o have_v leave_v we_o be_v in_o short_a as_o follows_z 1._o wilhad_n or_o as_o some_o of_o the_o german_a historian_n call_v he_o willibald_a a_o english_a priest_n be_v at_o the_o request_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a send_v over_o into_o germany_n by_o egbert_n archbishop_n of_o york_n about_o the_o year_n 788_o where_o he_o be_v employ_v in_o convert_v the_o infidel_n of_o that_o country_n to_o christianity_n and_o for_o his_o meritorious_a performance_n at_o last_o advance_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o bremen_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v several_a year_n in_o a_o vigilant_a execution_n of_o his_o office_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 790_o and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o cathedral_n at_o bremen_n where_o to_o this_o day_n they_o pretend_v to_o show_v his_o tomb._n 2._o willeric_n another_o english_a man_n be_v say_v to_o have_v succeed_v wilhad_n though_o many_o of_o their_o ancient_a chronologer_n do_v not_o mention_v any_o such_o bishop_n and_o indeed_o the_o whole_a account_n we_o have_v of_o he_o be_v only_o that_o have_v for_o some_o unknown_a time_n some_o upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o say_v till_o the_o year_n 840_o enjoy_v this_o jurisdiction_n he_o leave_v his_o see_n to_o 3._o luderic_n a_o german_n the_o old_a saxon_a chronicle_n call_v he_o lenderic_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o for_o his_o intolerable_a pride_n and_o arrogance_n he_o be_v depose_v by_o the_o emperor_n ludowic_n the_o godly_a charles_n the_o great_a be_v son_n who_o change_v the_o bishopric_n of_o bremen_n into_o a_o archbishopric_n by_o set_v up_o into_o this_o man_n place_n 4._o ansgar_o of_o who_o we_o have_v say_v something_o before_o the_o first_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n and_o hamburg_n who_o be_v remove_v to_o bremen_n upon_o the_o sack_n of_o hamburg_n by_o the_o vandal_n in_o the_o year_n 850_o from_o which_o time_n till_o his_o death_n in_o the_o year_n 865_o he_o keep_v both_o the_o title_n the_o archbishop_n of_o colen_n stout_o oppose_v this_o union_n allege_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o bremen_n have_v always_o be_v suffragans_fw-la to_o his_o see_n and_o that_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o encroachment_n upon_o his_o jurisdiction_n to_o convert_v that_o place_n into_o a_o archbishopric_n but_o the_o emperor_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o these_o murmur_n proceed_v to_o confirm_v this_o new_o confer_v dignity_n to_o ansgar_n and_o his_o successor_n order_v as_o by_o his_o diploma_n still_o extant_a do_v appear_v that_o within_o the_o province_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n and_o hamburg_n shall_v be_v reckon_v all_o the_o bishop_n in_o denmark_n sweden_n norway_n groneland_n halsingland_n island_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o northern_a country_n 5._o rembert_n st._n ansgar_n scholar_n and_o adopt_a son_n be_v immediate_o upon_o his_o predecessor_n death_n advance_v to_o the_o archbishops_n seat_n which_o he_o keep_v tweny-three_a year_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 888._o wilhad_fw-mi ansgar_o and_o this_o rembert_n be_v reckon_v the_o three_o great_a apostle_n of_o the_o saxon_n many_o of_o which_o nation_n have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o write_v their_o life_n but_o the_o story_n they_o
have_v this_o city_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o place_n of_o the_o great_a antiquity_n of_o any_o in_o saxony_n esteem_v it_o the_o same_o with_o ptolomy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d though_o i_o think_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n which_o ptolemy_n assign_v to_o that_o old_a town_n be_v 29_o deg_fw-la of_o long._n and_o 51_o deg_fw-la 20_o min._n of_o lat._n will_v scarce_o come_v near_o this_o city_n this_o large_a and_o ancient_a city_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o earl_n and_o marquis_n of_o its_o own_o and_o thence_o we_o find_v the_o inhabitant_n in_o and_o about_o the_o city_n name_v by_o the_o latin_a historian_n stadenses_n stadingi_n or_o stedingii_n as_o a_o people_n distinct_a of_o themselves_o and_o independent_a upon_o any_o of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n of_o these_o earl_n and_o marc-grave_n the_o reader_n may_v meet_v with_o a_o catalogue_n in_o crantzius_n or_o angelius_n a_o werdenhagen_n in_o the_o year_n 1234_o the_o stadenses_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o bloody_a and_o terrible_a war_n in_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o bremen_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o christianity_n in_o these_o part_n have_v like_a to_o have_v stifle_v religion_n in_o its_o cradle_n this_o bloodshed_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o revolt_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n from_o their_o obedience_n to_o the_o see_v of_o bremen_n whereupon_o the_o clergy_n of_o that_o city_n be_v resolve_v to_o keep_v by_o a_o strong_a arm_n what_o their_o enemy_n have_v endeavour_v to_o wrest_v from_o they_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o engage_v several_a of_o their_o neighbour_n in_o the_o broil_n but_o this_o expedient_a do_v not_o meet_v with_o the_o expect_a success_n have_v after_o a_o long_a quarrel_n only_o weaken_a both_o party_n and_o in_o no_o wise_a vindicate_v the_o archbishops_n title_n at_o last_o a_o volley_n of_o curse_n and_o excommunication_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n fright_v the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n into_o submission_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o yield_v obedience_n as_o former_o to_o the_o archbishops_n of_o bremen_n hereupon_o philip_n duke_n of_o schwaben_n and_o earl_n of_o stade_n annex_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o the_o archbishopric_n reserve_v only_o to_o himself_o the_o city_n with_o its_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n in_o which_o state_n it_o continue_v till_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o be_v confirm_v to_o that_o crown_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n and_o possible_o we_o may_v have_v some_o reason_n to_o call_v this_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n as_o duke_n of_o bremen_n since_o the_o city_n of_o bremen_n itself_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o homage_n payable_a to_o that_o monarch_n from_o the_o archbishopric_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o treaty_n and_o be_v to_o this_o day_n a_o free_a imperial_a city_n immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o to_o he_o only_o notwithstanding_o the_o vast_a rampire_n and_o bulwark_n wherewith_o this_o city_n be_v fortify_v and_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n it_o be_v besiege_v and_o take_v in_o one_o day_n april_v 13_o 1645_o by_o the_o swedish_n general_n count_n coningsmark_n who_o have_v at_o the_o first_o assault_v take_v the_o fortress_n on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o zwinge_fw-mi betwixt_o the_o city_n and_o the_o elb_n press_v forward_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o stade_n and_o force_v his_o way_n into_o the_o city_n whereupon_o the_o burgher_n be_v glad_a to_o surrender_v up_o the_o castle_n and_o other_o strong_a fort_n upon_o any_o condition_n the_o conqueror_n be_v please_v to_o propose_v the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a in_o a_o flourish_a condition_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o wholesome_a air_n and_o a_o pleasant_a rich_a country_n the_o burgher_n who_o have_v the_o character_n of_o the_o most_o civil_a and_o courteous_a people_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v common_o orchard_n and_o garden_n of_o pleasure_n without_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n well_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n and_o flower_n their_o haven_n be_v large_a and_o commodious_a and_o ship_n of_o large_a carriage_n and_o burden_n come_v up_o to_o stade_n then_o be_v able_a to_o reach_v hamburg_n the_o marketplace_n rahthauss_n or_o town-hall_n exchange_v and_o several_a of_o their_o church_n be_v building_n worthy_a a_o traveller_n sight_n many_o and_o great_a have_v be_v the_o privilege_n by_o several_a emperor_n grant_v to_o this_o city_n it_o be_v always_o reckon_v a_o sanctuary_n for_o fugitive_n insomuch_o that_o all_o manner_n of_o malefactor_n whether_o germane_a or_o foreigner_n that_o can_v reach_v stade_n before_o vengeance_n overtake_v they_o be_v sure_a to_o find_v shelter_n here_o and_o be_v secure_a from_o the_o hand_n of_o justice_n beside_o the_o 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by_o
and_o sheep_n as_o the_o forest_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o venison_n the_o mountain_n indeed_o be_v not_o so_o rich_a in_o silver_n as_o some_o in_o the_o principality_n of_o grubenhagen_n and_o county_n of_o stolberg_n but_o this_o defect_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o abundance_n of_o iron_n over_o which_o be_v almost_o peculiar_a to_o this_o province_n the_o four_o chief_a river_n in_o this_o country_n 1._o die_v kalte_n bode_n 2._o die_v warm_a bode_n 3._o die_v rapbode_n 4._o die_v lubbode_n have_v their_o name_n as_o luther_n in_o his_o onomasticon_fw-la tell_v we_o from_o one_o bodo_n bode_n or_o vode_n a_o prince_n of_o these_o part_n for_o the_o ancient_a german_n have_v a_o peculiar_a fancy_n of_o eternize_n their_o name_n by_o bestow_v they_o upon_o the_o most_o notable_a river_n in_o their_o country_n which_o they_o know_v will_v outlast_v the_o strong_a fort_n and_o castle_n they_o can_v build_v the_o high_a mountain_n in_o these_o part_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d perhaps_o in_o germany_n be_v der_fw-mi brocken_n blockberg_n or_o brocksberg_n call_v by_o latin_a author_n melibocus_n and_o bructerus_n bructerus_n hercyniae_fw-la montes_fw-la supereminet_fw-la omnes_fw-la and_o indeed_o it_o may_v well_o be_v call_v the_o tall_a mountain_n not_o only_o in_o the_o hercynian_a wood_n but_o in_o all_o europe_n if_o what_o some_o of_o the_o high_a dutch_a geographer_n relate_v of_o it_o be_v true_a for_o they_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v we_o that_o the_o top_n of_o it_o come_v near_o the_o uppermost_a region_n of_o the_o air_n in_o which_o they_o have_v questionless_a place_v it_o have_v not_o their_o philosopher_n acquaint_v they_o that_o ice_n and_o snow_n wherewith_o they_o observe_v the_o top_n of_o this_o and_o the_o adjoin_a mountain_n almost_o continual_o cover_v be_v product_n of_o the_o middle_a region_n they_o tell_v we_o further_o that_o from_o hence_o in_o a_o clear_a day_n may_v be_v discern_v not_o only_o the_o city_n of_o brunswic_n magdeburg_n luneburg_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o german_a ocean_n and_o baltic_n sea_n which_o be_v a_o story_n just_a as_o credible_a as_o what_o some_o of_o our_o northern_a rustic_n will_v not_o stick_v to_o affirm_v that_o from_o the_o top_n of_o some_o of_o our_o high_a mountain_n on_o the_o outmost_a border_n of_o england_n a_o view_n may_v be_v take_v of_o all_o the_o sea_n round_o the_o isle_n of_o great_a britain_n among_o the_o many_o wonder_n of_o nature_n hole_n buman_n hole_n wherewith_o this_o county_n abound_v the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v a_o great_a cave_n betwixt_o blackenburg_n and_o elbingerode_n call_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n from_o its_o first_o discoverer_n buman_n hole_n the_o mouth_n of_o this_o cave_n be_v so_o narrow_a that_o a_o man_n be_v force_v to_o creep_v in_o at_o it_o but_o soon_o after_o your_o entrance_n you_o pass_v through_o a_o dark_a and_o dismal_a gallery_n as_o high_a as_o the_o stately_a house_n no_o man_n can_v ever_o yet_o affirm_v that_o he_o meet_v with_o the_o end_n of_o it_o though_o some_o miner_n have_v confident_o assert_v that_o they_o have_v go_v as_o far_o as_o goslar_n which_o be_v about_o twenty_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o cave_n mouth_n this_o story_n be_v confident_o report_v among_o the_o neighbourhood_n that_o about_o 80_o year_n ago_o a_o venturous_a young_a fellow_n who_o look_v after_o a_o herd_n of_o kine_n in_o the_o neighbour_a wood_n go_v alone_o to_o find_v out_o new_a discovery_n in_o this_o cave_n lose_v his_o way_n and_o have_v by_o chance_n have_v his_o light_n put_v out_o wander_v for_o eight_o day_n together_o before_o he_o find_v his_o way_n back_o at_o his_o return_n his_o hair_n be_v perfect_o grey_a and_o the_o account_n he_o give_v of_o his_o journey_n strange_a and_o terrible_a he_o give_v a_o relation_n of_o a_o great_a many_o odd_a kind_n of_o spirit_n and_o appartion_n wherewith_o he_o have_v encounter_v some_o whereof_o seize_v on_o he_o as_o a_o thief_n judge_v and_o condemn_v he_o but_o at_o 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all_o these_o the_o duke_n palace_n at_o blaekenburg_n where_o the_o duke_n of_o wulfenbuttel_n usual_o spend_v the_o hunt_a part_n of_o the_o year_n be_v almost_o the_o only_a habitable_a fort_n in_o the_o country_n the_o rest_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o so_o many_o venerable_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n such_o be_v the_o old_a castle_n of_o reinstein_n so_o call_v from_o its_o be_v hew_v out_o of_o one_o entire_a rock_n or_o stone_n heimburg_n hartingow_n gerssdorf_n lawenburg_n homburg_n with_o many_o more_o the_o most_o noteble_a of_o the_o utter_o demolish_a fort_n be_v hartzburg_n hartzburg_n hartzburg_n the_o ruin_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n of_o that_o name_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mountain_n bructerus_n some_o historian_n assert_v that_o this_o fort_n be_v build_v about_o three_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n by_o the_o chauci_n a_o branch_n of_o the_o saxon_a nation_n who_o in_o those_o day_n inhabit_v these_o country_n add_v further_o that_o these_o same_o chauci_n erect_v in_o this_o place_n a_o temple_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o saturn_n from_o who_o the_o castle_n be_v in_o those_o day_n name_v saturburg_n this_o satur_n or_o crodo_n for_o that_o name_n also_o be_v give_v he_o by_o the_o german_a antiquary_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o image_n of_o a_o old_a man_n stand_v barefoot_a on_o the_o prickle_a back_n of_o a_o ruff_n to_o denote_v say_v pomarius_n the_o security_n of_o his_o adorer_n in_o the_o most_o difficult_a undertake_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n he_o hold_v a_o bucker_n of_o water_n strew_v over_o with_o all_o sort_n of_o flower_n and_o fruit_n thereby_o promise_v to_o send_v rain_n on_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o production_n of_o such_o flower_n and_o fruit_n in_o his_o left_a hand_n he_o carry_v a_o wheel_n the_o emblem_n of_o that_o unity_n and_o concord_n which_o all_o his_o worshipper_n be_v thereby_o advise_v to_o embrace_v mechtilde_v daughter_n to_o the_o emperor_n henry_n surname_v the_o fowler_n write_v the_o whole_a history_n of_o this_o idol_n in_o a_o rich_a silken_a coat_n of_o needlework_n which_o in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n of_o germany_n be_v take_v by_o the_o swedish_n general_n bannier_n out_o of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n at_o goslar_n and_o carry_v into_o sweden_n upon_o the_o conversion_n of_o wittekind_n and_o his_o saxon_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n this_o idol_n and_o its_o temple_n be_v both_o destroy_v together_o by_o the_o express_a command_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a who_o change_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n into_o hartzburg_n because_o situate_v in_o the_o hercynian_a wood._n in_o the_o day_n of_o duke_n julius_n a_o salt-well_a be_v discover_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o hill_n which_o occasion_v the_o build_n of_o a_o small_a town_n for_o workman_n call_v to_o this_o day_n julius-halle_n which_o be_v since_o by_o
you_o may_v meet_v large_a vineyard_n plentiful_o stock_v with_o grape_n out_o of_o which_o be_v press_v a_o much_o more_o palatable_a sort_n of_o wine_n then_o can_v be_v have_v in_o any_o part_n of_o saxony_n or_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n among_o the_o many_o kind_n of_o plant_n and_o herb_n wherewith_o the_o field_n and_o forest_n as_o well_o as_o garden_n of_o thuringen_n abound_v the_o chief_a and_o most_o peculiar_a to_o this_o province_n be_v wild_a saffron_n and_o woad_n the_o late_a of_o which_o be_v use_v by_o our_o dyer_n in_o their_o best_a blew_n and_o sky-colour_n and_o with_o which_o the_o old_a britain_n as_o cesar_n inform_v we_o be_v use_v to_o paint_v themselves_o near_a sangerhausen_n and_o salfeld_n have_v sometime_o be_v dug_n up_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o copper_n and_o silver_n over_o and_o at_o franckenhausen_n saltzungen_n and_o sultza_n they_o have_v still_o rich_a salt-pit_n the_o chief_a river_n of_o the_o country_n be_v the_o sala_n rivers_n rivers_n werra_n vnstrut_v hiera_n ilm_n leina_fw-la schwertze_n wipper_n helbe_n rahna_n helme_n lossa_n and_o giessel_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v several_a great_a lake_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o of_o their_o mountain_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o which_o be_v the_o weissensee_n and_o schwansee_n the_o boar_n of_o thuringen_n be_v a_o rough_a and_o unhew'n_a sort_n of_o people_n downright_a clown_n inhabitant_n inhabitant_n and_o so_o far_o stranger_n to_o courtship_n and_o breed_n that_o they_o be_v with_o much_o difficulty_n bring_v acquaint_v with_o the_o common_a principle_n of_o humanity_n they_o hardly_o admit_v of_o any_o manner_n of_o government_n or_o order_n among_o they_o and_o be_v possible_o the_o only_a german_n that_o be_v uncivil_a to_o traveller_n the_o thuringer_n upon_o their_o first_o appearance_n in_o these_o part_n government_n government_n subject_v themselves_o to_o a_o king_n of_o their_o own_o choose_n and_o continue_v in_o this_o estate_n till_o their_o whole_a land_n be_v overrun_v and_o conquer_v by_o the_o franc_n in_o the_o year_n 1522._o in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a and_o his_o father_n king_n pepin_n who_o first_o root_v out_o paganism_n and_o plant_v christianity_n in_o this_o province_n the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n who_o govern_v it_o by_o several_a deputy_n and_o lieutenant_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o kingdom_n of_o thuringen_n come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o great_a many_o county_n and_o barony_n or_o lordship_n such_o be_v the_o county_n of_o schwartzburg_n kirchberg_n kefernburg_n schoneberg_n gleichen_n sangerhausen_n etc._n etc._n the_o lordship_n of_o franckenstein_n saltza_n heldrungen_n dreffert_n apolda_n vargila_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n ludowic_n count_n of_o schoneberg_n get_v the_o title_n of_o count_n of_o thuringen_n confer_v on_o he_o by_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n ii_o and_o his_o grandchild_n prevail_v with_o lotharius_n ii_o to_o change_v the_o title_n of_o count_n into_o landtgrave_n in_o this_o line_n the_o honour_n continue_v till_o the_o death_n of_o herman_n landtgrave_n of_o thuringen_n and_o hessen_n in_o the_o year_n 1226._o whereupon_o henry_n duke_n of_o brabant_n get_v possession_n of_o hessen_n and_o thuringen_n fall_v to_o henry_n marquis_n of_o misnia_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o house_n of_o saxony_n erfurt_n the_o metropolis_n of_o thuringen_n erfurt_n erfurt_n and_o one_o of_o the_o large_a city_n in_o germany_n be_v think_v by_o bertius_fw-la and_o other_o learned_a geographer_n to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o erfa_n a_o old_a ruinous_a castle_n near_o thirty_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o the_o town_n i_o have_v rather_o believe_v its_o ancient_a name_n to_o have_v be_v jerafurt_n which_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o ferry_n over_o the_o river_n jera_fw-fr on_o the_o bank_n of_o which_o this_o city_n now_o stand_v there_o be_v three_o barony_n and_o seventy-two_a fair_a village_n subject_a to_o the_o citizen_n of_o erfurt_n so_o that_o the_o country_n rustic_n have_v some_o reason_n for_o that_o proverbial_a say_n in_o ordinary_a use_n among_o they_o erfurt_n be_v not_o a_o city_n but_o a_o country_n when_o this_o great_a city_n which_o be_v about_o as_o large_a as_o coln_n and_o as_o beautiful_a be_v first_o build_v be_v not_o easy_o determine_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o boniface_n archbishop_n of_o mentz_n it_o be_v reckon_v a_o ancient_a city_n for_o there_o be_v still_o extant_a a_o epistle_n write_v by_o that_o prelate_n to_o pope_n zachary_n wherein_o we_o meet_v with_o these_o word_n unam_fw-la esse_fw-la sedem_fw-la episcopatus_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la in_o castello_n quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la wurtzburg_n &_o alteram_fw-la in_o oppido_fw-la quod_fw-la nominatur_fw-la buriburg_n perhaps_o nuriburg_n tertiam_fw-la in_o loco_fw-la qui_fw-la dicitur_fw-la erphesfurt_n qui_fw-la fuit_fw-la olim_fw-la paganorum_fw-la the_o town_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a plain_n abundant_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n and_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o good_a wine_n vast_a multitude_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v maintain_v by_o gather_v and_o dress_v the_o herb_n woad_n before_o mention_v which_o grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n in_o most_o field_n near_o erfurt_n this_o and_o the_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o town_n corn_n wine_n etc._n etc._n be_v carry_v off_o at_o two_o great_a fair_n in_o the_o year_n whereof_o one_o be_v hold_v the_o week_n after_o trinity_n sunday_n and_o the_o other_o at_o martinmass_n weimar_n a_o neat_a and_o well_o build_v city_n weimar_n weimar_n in_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o erfurt_n and_o jena_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v ancient_o call_v weinmarckt_v from_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o wine_n sell_v daily_o at_o this_o town_n it_o be_v questionless_a a_o place_n of_o great_a antiquity_n since_o as_o the_o old_a chronicle_n of_o thuringen_n witness_n the_o emperor_n otho_n ii_o hold_v a_o general_a diet_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o this_o city_n in_o the_o year_n 975._o the_o only_a remarkable_a thing_n in_o the_o town_n be_v the_o landgrave_n palace_n a_o regular_a and_o stately_a piece_n of_o building_n the_o city_n of_o jena_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o sala_n jena_n jena_n and_o famous_a for_o a_o univesity_n and_o great_a concourse_n of_o learned_a man_n may_v just_o be_v reckon_v the_o three_o in_o thuringen_n some_o german_a etymologist_n will_v have_v this_o town_n as_o well_o as_o the_o former_a fetch_v its_o name_n from_o the_o grape_n or_o vineyard_n about_o it_o they_o tell_v we_o jain_n signify_v wine_n in_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n and_o therefore_o too_o it_o be_v probable_a say_v they_o that_o the_o jew_n be_v first_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n but_o this_o conjecture_n have_v as_o little_a of_o probability_n in_o it_o as_o that_o fancy_n of_o some_o other_o who_o endeavour_n to_o derive_v the_o name_n of_o this_o town_n from_o the_o old_a roman_a god_n janus_n since_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o there_o grow_v any_o vine_n near_o this_o place_n foam_n century_n ago_o or_o that_o ever_o the_o jew_n be_v master_n of_o it_o the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a a_o well_o compact_a piece_n and_o tolerable_o well_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o turret_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o university_n be_v first_o begin_v by_o john_n frideric_n elector_n of_o saxony_n who_o procure_v for_o it_o many_o brave_a and_o large_a privilege_n from_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o but_o this_o good_a prince_n never_o live_v to_o finish_v the_o work_n he_o have_v begin_v but_o upon_o his_o deathbed_n commit_v that_o charge_n to_o his_o son_n who_o get_v the_o forementioned_a privilege_n confirm_v by_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n in_o the_o year_n 1558._o since_o that_o time_n there_o have_v never_o want_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o eminent_a professor_n and_o learned_a man_n in_o all_o faculty_n in_o this_o university_n among_o who_o the_o great_a j._n lipsius_n be_v one_o a_o man_n sufficient_a of_o himself_o not_o to_o mention_v any_o of_o his_o learned_a colleague_n to_o eternize_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o place_n they_o have_v here_o a_o library_n give_v they_o by_o some_o of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o daily_o augment_v but_o not_o so_o considerable_a as_o to_o merit_v a_o particular_a description_n gotha_n the_o five_o great_a town_n in_o thuringen_n gotha_n gotha_n seat_v on_o the_o leina_fw-la be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o some_o of_o the_o old_a gothic_a troop_n on_o their_o march_n through_o this_o country_n towards_o italy_n and_o by_o they_o to_o have_v have_v the_o name_n of_o gotha_n give_v it_o however_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o be_v only_o a_o mean_a village_n such_o as_o may_v just_o serve_v for_o the_o tent_n of_o a_o company_n of_o hardy_a
the_o city_n image_n or_o statute_n and_o how_o applicable_a this_o name_n be_v to_o a_o draught_n or_o model_n of_o state-government_n such_o as_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o book_n let_v the_o reader_n judge_n there_o be_v several_a edition_n of_o this_o code_n which_o contain_v only_o 137_o choice_a article_n out_o of_o the_o sachsen-spiegel_n with_o some_o notable_a observation_n thereupon_o wittenberg_n wittenberg_n wittenberg_n as_o we_o have_v say_v be_v once_o a_o electoral_a city_n and_o be_v still_o reckon_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o upper_a saxony_n some_o etymologist_n fetch_v its_o name_n from_o king_n wittekind_n who_o they_o make_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n other_o will_v have_v it_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o white_a rock_n such_o as_o may_v be_v ordinary_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o vicenage_n and_o upon_o which_o they_o imagine_v the_o town_n to_o be_v build_v and_o from_o this_o late_a conceit_n the_o student_n in_o this_o city_n usual_o write_v its_o name_n in_o latin_a leucoris_n the_o university_n be_v found_v after_o a_o long_a deliberation_n of_o several_a elector_n from_o the_o year_n 1399_o by_o duke_n frideric_n surname_v the_o white_a in_o the_o year_n 1502._o there_o be_v in_o it_o at_o present_a three_o college_n whereof_o the_o elder_a be_v appoint_v for_o disputation_n in_o physics_n and_o other_o art_n the_o new_a one_o for_o divine_n and_o the_o three_o for_o lawyer_n wittenberg_n have_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o brag_v of_o any_o eminent_a scholar_n which_o of_o late_o it_o have_v produce_v abraham_n calovius_n have_v indeed_o scribble_v over_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o paper_n but_o to_o little_a purpose_n another_o of_o their_o professor_n teutschmannus_n have_v take_v vast_a pain_n to_o run_v down_o the_o calvinist_n and_o establish_v the_o doctrine_n of_o luther_n but_o both_o his_o answer_n and_o argument_n be_v so_o contemptible_o weak_a and_o silly_a that_o the_o read_n over_o his_o book_n may_v probable_o confirm_v his_o adversary_n but_o be_v in_o no_o danger_n of_o confute_v he_o the_o town_n be_v only_o one_o long_a street_n and_o have_v little_a or_o nothing_o in_o it_o observable_a so_o that_o the_o account_n which_o one_o give_v waggish_o of_o it_o may_v possible_o be_v pertient_fw-fr enough_o viz._n leucorin_n intranti_fw-la tibi_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la obvia_fw-la quaeris_fw-la sus_n miles_n meretrix_n aut_fw-la studiosus_fw-la erit_fw-la halle_n though_o a_o dependent_a on_o the_o archbishopric_n or_o dukedom_n of_o magdeburg_n halle_n halle_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n now_o subject_a to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n may_v just_o be_v refer_v to_o this_o place_n as_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o sala_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o those_o territory_n which_o be_v comprise_v at_o first_o under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o upper_a saxony_n it_o be_v think_v to_o borrow_v its_o name_n from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d salt_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o salt-pit_n in_o this_o place_n but_o this_o be_v only_a goropius_n becanus_n fancy_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o press_v it_o too_o hard_a upon_o the_o reader_n these_o pit_n be_v first_o discover_v by_o the_o hermunduri_n a_o branch_n of_o the_o suevian_a nation_n some_o year_n before_o the_o come_n of_o our_o saviour_n and_o by_o they_o value_v at_o as_o high_a a_o rate_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v so_o many_o mine_n of_o gold_n of_o what_o value_n they_o be_v now_o a_o day_n may_v easy_o be_v compute_v from_o the_o weekly_a toll_n pay_v out_o of_o they_o to_o the_o administrator_n of_o magdeburg_n which_o ordinary_o amount_v to_o five_o or_o six_o hundred_o crown_n the_o town_n be_v neat_o build_v on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o pleasant_a hill_n cover_v with_o vine_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v a_o gentile_a sort_n of_o people_n and_o by_o some_o fancy_v to_o be_v great_a master_n of_o the_o high_a dutch_a tongue_n then_o the_o citizen_n of_o leipsick_a this_o city_n be_v usual_o call_v holla_n saxonum_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o some_o other_o of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o schwaben_n brabant_n etc._n etc._n and_o not_o as_o bertius_n and_o mercator_n will_v have_v it_o because_o it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n for_o though_o as_o albinus_n right_o observe_v the_o ancient_a geographer_n have_v be_v accustom_a to_o reckon_v she_o among_o the_o city_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n yet_o her_o situation_n together_o with_o the_o language_n and_o manner_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n declare_v she_o rather_o misnian_a or_o high_a saxon._n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v quedlinburg_n quedlinburg_n quedlinburg_n a_o small_a city_n betwixt_o halberstad_n and_o ermesleben_n for_o although_o this_o town_n be_v indeed_o situate_v within_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o low_a saxony_n yet_o of_o late_a year_n the_o german_a geographer_n have_v be_v please_v to_o reckon_v it_o a_o part_n of_o the_o upper_a as_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o elector_n it_o be_v former_o guard_v by_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o adjoin_a hill_n which_o be_v now_o demolish_a from_o this_o castle_n the_o town_n get_v the_o name_n of_o quedlinburg_n which_o be_v a_o word_n of_o the_o same_o importance_n as_o scarborough_n in_o english_a for_o quaddelen_n in_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o low_a saxon_n signify_v mark_n or_o scar_n get_v by_o blow_n or_o slash_n on_o the_o face_n or_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v remarkable_a for_o nothing_o but_o a_o lutheran_n nunnery_n the_o abbess_n whereof_o who_o be_v always_o either_o a_o princess_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o saxony_n or_o a_o countess_n at_o least_o be_v lady_n paramount_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o the_o territory_n thereto_o belong_v it_o be_v once_o a_o hans-town_n but_o upon_o a_o rebellion_n of_o the_o citizen_n against_o their_o abbess_n in_o the_o year_n 1475_o that_o privilege_n be_v lose_v and_o the_o city_n enslave_v rather_o then_o subject_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n for_o a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o follow_a description_n of_o dresden_n in_o misnia_n where_o their_o usual_a residence_n be_v now_o keep_v marchionatus_fw-la misniae_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la voitlandia_n authore_fw-la olao_n joannis_n gotho_n s._n r._n m._n sueciae_fw-la geographo_n excudebant_fw-la janssonio-waesbergiâ—â—_a moses_n pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanus_n swart_a to_o james_n fraser_n esqr_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v the_o marquisate_n of_o misnia_n meisen_n or_o misnia_n which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o a_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n formerly_z a_o bishop_n see_v and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n but_o now_o dwindle_v into_o a_o town_n of_o little_a note_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o lusatia_n or_o laussnitz_n on_o the_o south_n with_o bohemia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o thuringen_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o upper_a saxony_n the_o whole_a marquisate_n which_o be_v a_o vast_o large_a country_n be_v usual_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n 1._o misnia_n strict_o so_o call_v or_o osterland_n contain_v dresden_n konigstein_n pirna_n the_o old_a fort_n of_o sonnenstein_n etc._n etc._n 2._o der_fw-mi ertzgebergische_n creyss_n a_o mountainous_a country_n wherein_o be_v comprehend_v the_o mine-town_n of_o friberg_n alteberg_n on_o the_o moglitz_n augustus-burg_a annenberg_n marienberg_n with_o some_o other_o 3._o the_o circle_n of_o leipsick_a which_o beside_o the_o depenance_n on_o that_o rich_a city_n comprise_v the_o county_n of_o rochlitz_n waldheim_n and_o geringswald_n with_o some_o other_o place_n of_o note_n 4._o voitlandia_n which_o be_v former_o reckon_v a_o distinct_a principality_n of_o itself_o but_o be_v now_o account_v by_o all_o a_o part_n of_o misnia_n beside_o these_o province_n there_o be_v in_o this_o marquisate_n three_o bishopric_n 1._o meisen_n 2._o naumburg_n 3._o mersburg_n to_o each_o of_o these_o there_o be_v several_a land_n and_o territory_n annex_v some_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n whereof_o be_v dispose_v of_o towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o canon_n in_o every_o cathedral_n but_o the_o great_a share_n be_v employ_v in_o raise_v portion_n and_o estate_n for_o the_o elector_n young_a child_n the_o plain_n of_o misnia_n be_v wonderful_o fruitful_a in_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n and_o the_o hill_n as_o well_o store_v with_o the_o rich_a metal_n in_o some_o place_n especial_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o elb_n near_o dresden_n and_o meisen_n you_o may_v meet_v with_o large_a vineyard_n but_o their_o wine_n be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a at_o libenau_n possern_n teuditz_n and_o some_o other_o place_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o mersburg_n there_o have_v be_v former_o salt-pit_n but_o these_o be_v so_o infinite_o outdo_v by_o those_o at_o halle_n before_o mention_v that_o the_o salter_n
they_o in_o the_o year_n 1648_o which_o have_v not_o since_o be_v rebuilt_a however_o the_o place_n be_v still_o beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n college_n and_o town-hall_n and_o the_o street_n especial_o the_o marketplace_n which_o be_v in_o a_o exact_a square_n be_v general_o neat_a and_o uniform_a oelsse_a have_v ancient_o its_o own_o duke_n who_o keep_v his_o residence_n in_o that_o city_n but_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o duke_n conrade_n the_o eight_o in_o the_o year_n 1492._o the_o dukedom_n be_v give_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o munsterberg_n who_o have_v ever_o since_o be_v lord_n of_o it_o in_o this_o principality_n be_v reckon_v the_o small_a city_n of_o bernstatt_n festenberg_n kunstatt_n stroppen_n mosebahr_n hundsfeld_n and_o trebnitz_n vi_o the_o city_n and_o dukedom_n of_o breslaw_n breslaw_n or_o wratislavia_n the_o metropolis_n of_o silesia_n have_v its_o name_n from_o wratislaus_n a_o bohemian_a prince_n its_o first_o founder_n whence_o the_o citizen_n bear_v a_o great_a w_n in_o their_o coat_n of_o arm_n to_o this_o day_n it_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n other_o and_o ohla_n in_o a_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a country_n towards_o the_o north_n indeed_o there_o be_v some_o marsh_n and_o moist_a field_n whence_o be_v now_o and_o then_o some_o unwholesome_a gale_n send_v into_o the_o town_n and_o the_o whole_a city_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v build_v in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o great_a pond_n dry_v up_o the_o citizen_n who_o be_v exceed_o numerous_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a traffic_n with_o the_o hungarian_n bohemian_o polander_n and_o other_o foreign_a merchant_n who_o resort_v hither_o be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o neat_a and_o gentile_a in_o their_o clothes_n and_o cookery_n as_o any_o other_o of_o the_o emperor_n subject_n whatever_o breslawer_n love_v to_o be_v esteem_v immediate_a member_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o can_v endure_v to_o be_v reckon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o have_v obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o bear_v the_o spread_a eagle_n in_o their_o escutcheon_n and_o that_o they_o petition_v charles_n v._o to_o confirm_v their_o privilege_n for_o this_o reason_n m._n boregius_n a_o breslaw_a who_o write_v a_o chronicle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n rank_n breslaw_n among_o the_o imperial_a city_n but_o never_o mention_v it_o with_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n town_n although_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v former_o subject_n to_o that_o prince_n this_o goldastus_n in_o his_o learned_a treatise_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bchemia_n evident_o prove_v notwithstanding_o what_o be_v usual_o allege_v as_o a_o argument_n to_o the_o contrary_a by_o some_o ignorant_a and_o silly_a historian_n that_o it_o be_v once_o one_o of_o the_o hans-town_n the_o generality_n of_o the_o building_n in_o this_o city_n be_v fair_a and_o stately_a only_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o other_o stand_v four_o old_a fashion_a fabric_n with_o turret_n on_o the_o top_n which_o the_o antiquary_n of_o this_o place_n fancy_n to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a palace_n of_o so_o many_o schwabish_a prince_n who_o in_o former_a day_n be_v lord_n of_o this_o city_n beside_o the_o vast_a traffic_n of_o the_o citizen_n the_o town_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o a_o university_n wherein_o have_v be_v breed_v many_o learned_a man_n and_o some_o great_a writer_n the_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n who_o have_v ancient_o the_o epiphet_n or_o title_n of_o golden_a give_v they_o from_o their_o vast_a revenue_n be_v put_v in_o by_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n who_o they_o acknowledge_v their_o supreme_a head_n at_o least_o in_o temporal_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a tradition_n in_o these_o part_n that_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n have_v no_o power_n to_o promote_v a_o stranger_n to_o any_o bishopric_n in_o silesia_n so_o that_o a_o bohemian_a be_v no_o more_o capable_a of_o be_v advance_v to_o one_o of_o their_o diocese_n then_o a_o silesian_n be_v of_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o prague_n but_o how_o false_a this_o report_n be_v historian_n will_v sufficient_o inform_v we_o boleslaus_n dukedom_n dukedom_n surname_v the_o long_a a_o polish_v prince_n be_v create_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o breslaw_n and_o lignitz_n by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n in_o the_o year_n 1163._o but_o these_o kind_n of_o petty_a prince_n not_o be_v able_a to_o secure_v their_o territory_n and_o especial_o this_o large_a and_o rich_a city_n which_o be_v a_o bait_n sufficient_a to_o tempt_v the_o most_o potent_a prince_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n polander_n and_o other_o foreign_a enemy_n the_o citizen_n of_o breslaw_n be_v force_v to_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n or_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o emperor_n of_o germany_n to_o who_o they_o be_v now_o immediate_o subject_a vii_o the_o town_n and_o dukedom_n of_o lignitz_n lignitz_n a_o fair_a city_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o small_a rivulet_n call_v katsbach_n be_v think_v to_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o lygii_n city_n city_n a_o german_a people_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o part_n of_o silesia_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1170_o this_o town_n be_v much_o enlarge_v beautify_v and_o fortify_v by_o boleslaus_n the_o long_a the_o first_o duke_n of_o lignitz_n after_o he_o duke_n frideric_n the_o second_o so_o far_o improve_v his_o predecessor_n boleslaus_n undertake_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1532_o it_o become_v one_o of_o the_o best_a fortify_v city_n next_o to_o breslaw_n in_o all_o silesia_n thing_n best_o worth_a see_v in_o the_o town_n be_v the_o hospital_n the_o town-hall_n and_o castle_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lignitz_n be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o best_a corn-country_n in_o silesia_n dukedom_n dukedom_n and_o afford_v near_o as_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la as_o the_o dukedom_n of_o schweidnitz_n especial_o the_o white_a sort_n which_o be_v here_o more_o plentiful_a then_o in_o any_o other_o province_n the_o whole_a be_v common_o subdivide_v into_o seven_o circle_n whereof_o four_o have_v name_n from_o the_o four_o city_n of_o luben_n parchwitz_n hayn_n and_o goldberg_n and_o the_o other_o three_o be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o barren_a or_o desert_a part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n viii_o the_o ducal_z city_n of_o jawer_n schweidnitz_n brieg_n monsterberg_n and_o oppelen_n the_o city_n of_o jawer_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a valley_n jawer_n jawer_n though_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o rugged_a crag_n and_o mountain_n which_o separate_a silesia_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n it_o have_v not_o the_o advantage_n of_o any_o river_n near_o it_o so_o that_o all_o the_o fortification_n it_o have_v be_v high_a rampire_n and_o deep_a ditch_n there_o be_v little_a of_o note_n in_o the_o town_n but_o the_o church_n burn_v down_o in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n a._n d._n 1648._o but_o rebuilt_a more_o stately_a than_o before_o and_o the_o castle_n wherein_o reside_v the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o two_o dukedom_n of_o jawer_n and_o schweidnitz_n the_o emperor_n charles_n iv_o king_n of_o bohemia_n marry_v ann_n daughter_n of_o henry_n ii_o duke_n of_o javer_n who_o with_o his_o brother_n bolco_n duke_n of_o schweidnitz_n die_v without_o issue_n whereupon_o these_o two_o dukedom_n be_v more_o immediate_o subject_v to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n in_o who_o hand_n they_o still_o remain_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o javer_n belong_v the_o town_n of_o buntzlau_n lemberg_n schonau_n greiffenberg_n lahn_n fridberg_n lubenthal_n schmideberg_n naumburg_n upon_o the_o queiss_n kupfferberg_n and_o hirschberg_n 2._o schweidnitz_n or_o schweinnitz_n schweidnitz_n schweidnitz_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o great_a herd_n of_o wild_a swine_n which_o be_v harbour_v in_o this_o place_n before_o the_o forest_n be_v cut_v down_o in_o the_o year_n 1070._o whence_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o town_n be_v a_o wild_a boar._n it_o be_v afterward_o much_o enlarge_v by_o boleslaus_n i._n who_o fortify_v it_o with_o wall_n and_o rampire_n and_o beautify_v it_o with_o several_a fair_a building_n so_o that_o it_o be_v now_o one_o of_o the_o fine_a city_n in_o silesia_n the_o most_o remarkable_a sight_n in_o the_o town_n next_o to_o the_o church_n and_o other_o public_a building_n be_v the_o great_a gun_n in_o the_o armoury_n which_o carry_v a_o bullet_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n weight_n this_o be_v by_o schickfusius_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o curaeus_n chronicle_n of_o silesia_n very_o improper_o reckon_v among_o the_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a blessing_n which_o the_o almighty_a have_v be_v please_v to_o bestow_v on_o some_o of_o the_o city_n in_o silesia_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o schweidnitz_n be_v the_o town_n of_o strigau_n memorable_a as_o we_o have_v already_o acquaint_v
brunsberg_n which_o draw_v together_o some_o considerable_a number_n of_o people_n oblige_v he_o soon_o after_o to_o wall_n the_o place_n round_o and_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o city_n 6._o ewanczitz_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o rivers_n iglaw_n and_o oslaw_n both_o which_o here_o lose_v their_o name_n and_o be_v afterward_o call_v schwartza_n this_o city_n be_v once_o notorious_a for_o harbour_v more_o different_a sect_n in_o religion_n then_o almost_o any_o other_o town_n in_o europe_n the_o parish_n church_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o two_o prevail_a party_n of_o hussites_n and_o lutheran_n both_o of_o which_o have_v here_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o inconsistent_a form_n of_o divine_a worship_n at_o the_o same_o time_n one_o of_o their_o street_n be_v whole_o inhabit_v by_o jew_n who_o have_v erect_v in_o it_o a_o synagogue_n and_o school_n for_o themselves_o and_o child_n without_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n the_o calvinist_n have_v two_o church_n the_o one_o for_o the_o bohemian_o the_o other_o for_o the_o german_n and_o these_o share_v with_o the_o hussites_n and_o lutheran_n in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o government_n of_o the_o city_n another_o part_n of_o the_o suburb_n be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o holy_a brethren_n of_o switzerland_n a_o pack_n of_o nominal_a christian_n who_o never_o be_v baptize_v think_v it_o a_o damnable_a sin_n to_o wear_v a_o sword_n and_o celebrate_v the_o lord_n supper_n only_o at_o whitsuntide_n the_o photinian_o atheist_n and_o quaker_n for_o such_o kind_n of_o creature_n i_o take_v the_o schwenckfelder_n to_o have_v be_v who_o deny_v the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a meet_v at_o their_o devotion_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fountain_n in_o the_o field_n at_o a_o small_a village_n name_v olekowitz_n about_o half_a a_o english_a mile_n out_o of_o the_o town_n dwell_v the_o anabaptist_n who_o be_v about_o four_o hundred_o in_o number_n but_o this_o ridiculous_a toleration_n and_o distraction_n in_o religion_n come_v to_o this_o issue_n at_o last_o that_o now_o all_o those_o various_a party_n of_o people_n who_o all_o of_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v true_a protestant_n be_v cashier_v and_o none_o permit_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n but_o jew_n and_o papist_n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v a_o great_a many_o more_o city_n if_o what_o caspar_n laudisman_n in_o his_o direction_n for_o the_o speedy_a understanding_n of_o foreign_a language_n affirm_v it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v in_o this_o marquisate_n 100_o city_n 410_o town_n 500_o castle_n and_o 30360_o village_n which_o prodigious_a number_n of_o building_n will_v go_v near_o to_o cover_v almost_o all_o the_o habitable_a part_n of_o this_o country_n but_o i_o think_v there_o be_v few_o more_o than_o we_o have_v already_o mention_v which_o deserve_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o any_o further_a than_o to_o give_v they_o room_n for_o their_o name_n in_o the_o map_n bohemia_n notarum_fw-la explicatio_fw-la caritas_fw-la regius_fw-la libera_fw-la oppidum_n regis_fw-la bohemia_n oppida_fw-la â—â—â—inum_fw-la et_fw-la nobil_n …_o pagus_n arx_n castellum_n monasterium_fw-la oppidum_n cum_fw-la arce_n fodine_n auri_fw-la fodine_n argenti_fw-la fodine_n stanni_fw-la fodine_n ferri_fw-la therm_n officina_fw-la vitriaria_n nomina_fw-la quae_fw-la habent_fw-la tri_fw-la …_o in_o …_o nt_v bohemica_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n bohemia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o moravia_n and_o silesia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o voitland_n the_o upper_a palatinate_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o arch-dukedom_n of_o austria_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o marquisates_n of_o misnia_n and_o lusatia_n whence_o the_o learned_a godalstus_n in_o that_o excellent_a treatise_n of_o his_o entitle_v commentarii_n de_fw-fr bohemiae_n regni_fw-la incorporatarumque_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la juribus_fw-la ac_fw-la privilegiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n well_o argue_v that_o this_o kingdom_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v ancient_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n and_o aught_o still_o to_o be_v so_o account_v since_o all_o the_o people_n that_o encompass_v it_o speak_v the_o high_a dutch_a language_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v encompass_v round_o with_o mountain_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o montes_n riphaei_n or_o hill_n of_o giant_n which_o part_n this_o land_n from_o silesia_n out_o of_o these_o spring_n the_o great_a river_n elb_n issue_v out_o of_o two_o of_o they_o famous_a heretofore_o for_o the_o enchantment_n and_o apparition_n of_o evil_a spirit_n that_o use_v to_o haunt_v they_o one_o of_o these_o two_o be_v now_o adays_o name_v by_o the_o silesian_n germane_a that_o live_v near_o it_o schneekippe_v from_o the_o continual_a snow_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o the_o other_o knieholtz_n from_o the_o short_a shrub_n or_o brush_n wood_n that_o grow_v there_o the_o other_o river_n of_o note_n be_v the_o eager_a muldau_n satzawa_n orliecze_n lusinitz_n gyzera_n and_o mouse_n all_o which_o spring_n within_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v at_o last_o empty_v into_o the_o elb_n at_o dietzin_n most_o of_o these_o run_v in_o a_o clear_a channel_n and_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n in_o some_o of_o they_o the_o native_n find_v a_o sort_n of_o shellfish_n much_o like_o a_o horse-muscle_n with_o a_o pearl_n in_o it_o of_o good_a value_n such_o as_o those_o be_v which_o mr._n cambden_n tell_v we_o lie_v gape_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n irt_v in_o cumberland_n in_o several_a part_n of_o bohemia_n especial_o at_o teplitz_n and_o wary_a both_o which_o have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o hot_a bath_n there_o find_v spring_v mineral_n and_o medicinal_a water_n which_o exceed_o refresh_v the_o body_n and_o cure_v many_o distemper_n the_o acid_a water_n at_o oegran_n and_o comorzan_n be_v account_v mighty_a sovereign_n against_o many_o disease_n and_o there_o be_v not_o many_o year_n ago_o a_o fountain_n of_o as_o great_a credit_n at_o stechowicz_n near_o prague_n the_o like_a be_v still_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o at_o benessow_n near_o caplicze_n which_o for_o the_o cure_v it_o have_v perform_v have_v get_v the_o name_n of_o dobra_n woda_n or_o good_a water_n there_o be_v no_o lake_n in_o the_o kingdom_n pond_n pond_n except_v only_o one_o or_o two_o near_o the_o town_n of_o mosta_n and_o tepla_fw-la of_o little_a or_o no_o moment_n but_o the_o fishpond_n in_o many_o place_n seem_v to_o equal_v the_o lake_n in_o foreign_a country_n witness_v those_o petty_a fresh_a water_n sea_n at_o pardubicz_n clumecz_n trzebon_n rozdialowicz_n and_o copydlan_n where_o the_o pond_n abound_v with_o perch_n jack_n carp_n and_o other_o fish_n bring_v their_o master_n in_o as_o large_a revenue_n as_o so_o many_o good_a lordship_n the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o fat_a and_o arable_a in_o few_o place_n barren_a or_o sandy_a commodity_n commodity_n you_o have_v here_o also_o fine_a wood_n and_o forest_n intermix_v but_o none_o so_o large_a as_o to_o render_v any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n uninhabitable_a the_o orchard_n and_o garden_n be_v so_o well_o stock_v with_o fruit_n that_o yearly_o great_a quantity_n of_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n be_v hence_o export_v into_o misnia_n and_o other_o neighbour_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v wine_n enough_o if_o the_o luxury_n of_o the_o present_a age_n do_v not_o want_v great_a supply_n than_o nature_n in_o their_o own_o vineyard_n which_o be_v reckon_v a_o better_a body_v liquor_n than_o moravian_n wine_n and_o equal_v the_o austrian_a in_o taste_n but_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o be_v keep_v to_o so_o good_a a_o age_n the_o field_n and_o meadow_n be_v rich_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n especial_o horse_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a courage_n and_o bulk_n their_o hop-garden_n afford_v they_o a_o better_a and_o more_o plentiful_a crop_n than_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o country_n for_o which_o reason_n their_o beer_n whereof_o they_o have_v two_o sort_n white_a and_o brown_a be_v high_o value_v and_o export_v into_o the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o germany_n there_o have_v be_v some_o salt-pit_n discover_v in_o bohemia_n but_o so_o inconsiderable_a that_o they_o find_v the_o profit_n will_v not_o answer_v the_o cost_n of_o dig_v and_o therefore_o the_o bohemian_o have_v their_o salt_n out_o of_o misnia_n and_o other_o province_n of_o germany_n but_o this_o want_n be_v sufficient_o recompense_v by_o their_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n copper_n tin_n iron_n lead_v sulphur_n niter_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o by_o their_o glass_n and_o alum_n make_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n they_o pretend_v to_o have_v carbuncle_n ametheist_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n in_o their_o land_n which_o they_o say_v be_v often_o find_v in_o the_o mine_n and_o among_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o hill_n country_n anselm_n boetius_fw-la boodt_n who_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v in_o the_o description_n of_o
be_v it_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o river_n twertza_fw-mi which_o fall_v into_o the_o volga_n near_o this_o town_n this_o be_v a_o large_a town_n and_o have_v in_o it_o about_o sixty_o church_n the_o chief_a that_o of_o our_o saviour_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n be_v place_v torsoch_n tersack_n or_o torsiock_n a_o large_a town_n also_o the_o province_n be_v rich_a both_o in_o corn_n and_o merchandise_n very_o populous_a also_o be_v ready_a to_o furnish_v their_o prince_n with_o forty_o thousand_o good_a horse_n and_o twice_o as_o many_o foot_n here_o be_v also_o a_o mint_n and_o a_o bishop_n see_n near_o to_o these_o be_v plescow_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o which_o the_o russes_z call_v pscow_n the_o chief_a city_n have_v a_o strong_a castle_n situate_v upon_o a_o rock_n whence_o spring_v the_o river_n pskow_n which_o after_o six_o league_n discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o lake_n of_o peipis_fw-la which_o herberstein_n call_v czuezko_n or_o czudzin_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n till_o ivan_n vasilowitz_n 1509_o unite_a it_o to_o his_o crown_n the_o citizen_n till_o then_o be_v famous_a for_o their_o valour_n civility_n and_o honest_a deal_n in_o their_o trade_n but_o the_o grand_a duke_n transport_v they_o and_o put_v muscovite_n in_o their_o stead_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o strong_a wall_a city_n in_o all_o russia_n it_o be_v of_o so_o great_a extent_n that_o when_o besiege_v by_o stephen_n king_n of_o poland_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o it_o seventy_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seven_o thousand_o horse_n beside_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o garrison_n be_v it_o not_o for_o one_o ledg_n of_o rock_n the_o navigation_n from_o hence_o to_o the_o baltic_a sea_n will_v be_v very_o convenient_a and_o easy_a there_o be_v in_o this_o province_n divers_a place_n of_o strength_n which_o give_v the_o grand_a tzar_n vasilie_o great_a trouble_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o his_o command_n south_n and_o by_o west_n of_o this_o province_n of_o novogorod_n that_o we_o dispatch_v all_o these_o territory_n that_o lie_v together_o lie_v the_o great_a city_n of_o smolensko_n smolensko_n smolensko_n belong_v ancient_o to_o litvania_n recover_v to_o that_o province_n by_o vitold_a their_o duke_n in_o 1413._o basilius_n the_o grand_a tzar_n make_v several_a attempt_n to_o recover_v it_o but_o in_o vain_a till_o his_o belove_a general_n michael_n glinski_n a_o valiant_a polish_v general_n that_o run_v over_o to_o the_o russes_z recover_v it_o more_o easy_o with_o his_o money_n than_o he_o can_v with_o his_o arm_n the_o pole_n have_v endeavour_v several_a time_n to_o recover_v this_o city_n and_o in_o one_o battle_n near_o unto_o it_o slay_v eighty_o thousand_o russes_z but_o can_v not_o reduce_v the_o city_n till_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n take_v it_o in_o 1611_o and_o in_o 1633_o michael_n federowitz_n besiege_v it_o in_o vain_a yet_o his_o son_n alexie_n michaelowitz_n have_v it_o surrender_v to_o he_o by_o composition_n in_o 1654._o and_o the_o russes_z still_o keep_v it_o the_o river_n nieper_n common_o think_v to_o be_v boristhenes_n though_o beresine_n come_v near_a that_o name_n run_v through_o it_o the_o city_n be_v very_o well_o fortify_v both_o with_o good_a wall_n well_o palisadoe_v and_o as_o they_o say_v above_o ten_o yard_n high_a and_o also_o with_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n to_o this_o jurisdiction_n belong_v drohobus_fw-la wyesma_n and_o mozaizko_n where_o the_o emperor_n common_o once_o a_o year_n divert_v himself_o and_o the_o ambassador_n in_o hunt_v this_o mozaisko_n have_v many_o time_n a_o governor_n of_o its_o own_o and_o a_o territory_n belong_v to_o it_o the_o town_n be_v take_v from_o alexander_n king_n of_o poland_n by_o the_o grand_a tzar_n ivan_n predecessor_n of_o vasilie_o and_o the_o grand_a duke_n often_o repair_v thither_o in_o devotion_n to_o st._n nicolas_n the_o great_a saint_n of_o the_o russes_z who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o castle_n there_o remain_v one_o province_n or_o dukedom_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o which_o ancient_o belong_v to_o litvania_n the_o south-west_n border_n of_o muscovy_n call_v sewera_n severia_n siberia_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o some_o to_o confound_v it_o with_o that_o province_n which_o the_o russes_z call_z sibior_fw-la upon_o the_o river_n ob._n this_o be_v a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a principality_n reach_v from_o the_o dnieper_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o mscenek_n which_o be_v now_o demolish_a this_o country_n have_v at_o first_o duke_n of_o its_o own_o afterward_o it_o acknowledge_v the_o superiority_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o litvania_n together_o with_o which_o jagello_n become_v christian_n it_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n afterward_o they_o fall_v from_o casimire_n unto_o the_o grand_a tzar_n at_o length_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o vasilie_o father_n of_o ivan_n vasilowich_n the_o duke_n be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n and_o lose_v his_o principality_n which_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n the_o chief_a city_n siviersky_n novogrod_n siviersky_n and_o sometime_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n be_v call_v novogrod_n siviersky_n a_o city_n and_o castle_n well_o fortify_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o russia_n from_o whence_o to_o the_o city_n moskow_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o league_n the_o way_n lie_v through_o bransko_n serensko_fw-mi worotin_n a_o small_a principality_n the_o city_n worotin_n be_v upon_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la and_o coluga_n a_o town_n also_o upon_o the_o occa_fw-la and_o dependent_a upon_o the_o abbey_n of_o troitza_n other_o great_a town_n in_o this_o province_n be_v starodub_n posiwol_n czernigow_n kilski_n krom_n arol_n and_o osippow_n they_o that_o from_o hence_o travel_v towards_o tartary_n pass_v the_o river_n sna_n samara_n ariel_n koinschwada_n and_o molosca_n they_o pass_v the_o river_n on_o branch_n of_o tree_n fasten_v together_o instead_o of_o bo_n this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o neighbourhood_n to_o the_o tartar_n upon_o who_o it_o border_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v much_o of_o it_o desert_n and_o forest_n for_o want_v of_o culture_n but_o those_o few_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v be_v very_o warlike_a be_v keep_v in_o continual_a exercise_n by_o the_o tartar_n thus_o much_o for_o the_o western_a part_n of_o this_o empire_n let_v we_o proceed_v to_o those_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o inland_n country_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o south_n of_o vologda_n north_n of_o jeroslaw_n lie_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o castrom_n upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o lose_v itself_o in_o the_o volga_n and_o east_n of_o castrom_n be_v the_o little_a town_n of_o galitz_n near_o the_o lake_n galitz_n here_o the_o grand_a tzar_n have_v a_o manufacture_n of_o salt_n jaroslaw_n jaroslaw_n jaroslaw_n fifty_o league_n north_n of_o moskow_n a_o province_n rich_a in_o corn_n cattle_n and_o honey_n the_o city_n lie_v upon_o the_o volga_n contain_v about_o forty_o thousand_o inhabitant_n strong_o fortify_v and_o of_o a_o great_a trade_n as_o have_v a_o very_a easy_a passage_n to_o archangel_n they_o make_v here_o much_o linen_n cloth_n this_o use_v former_o to_o be_v the_o title_n and_o subsistence_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n family_n till_o ivan_n vasilowich_n take_v it_o from_o they_o to_o himself_o 1565._o yet_o he_o permit_v some_o of_o they_o to_o keep_v the_o title_n be_v till_o of_o late_o call_v knest_n jaroslawski_n of_o the_o same_o condition_n and_o propriety_n be_v rostow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o city_n be_v twelve_o league_n south_n of_o jeroslaw_n upon_o a_o lake_n of_o the_o same_o name_n ivan_n vasilowich_n put_v to_o death_n the_o last_o heir_n to_o this_o province_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o grand_a tzar_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o this_o province_n be_v vglitz_n a_o town_n famous_a for_o its_o bread_n chlopigrod_n be_v a_o great_a mart_n for_o all_o the_o northern_a nation_n yet_o more_o barter_v than_o buy_v and_o sell_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o of_o the_o river_n mologa_n by_o which_o it_o communicate_v with_o weliki_n novogrod_n it_o be_v now_o ruin_v the_o name_n signify_v the_o castle_n of_o slave_n for_o they_o say_v that_o when_o their_o master_n have_v subdue_v their_o slave_n with_o their_o whip_n the_o slave_n retire_v hither_o susdal_n be_v between_o rostow_v and_o wolodomir_n susdal_n susdal_n the_o city_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o stately_a monastery_n of_o nun_n whither_o ivan_n vasilowitz_n confine_v his_o wife_n and_o it_o be_v former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n this_o province_n also_o belong_v to_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o since_o ruin_v by_o the_o tartar_n ann_n it_o have_v never_o recover_v itself_o castrom_n and_o galitz_n belong_v former_o to_o this_o government_n pereaslaw_n belong_v former_o to_o rostow_v pereaslaw_n pereaslaw_n famous_a now_o for_o its_o salt_n lake_n and_o fruitful_a soil_n at_o the_o end_n of_o harvest_n the_o grand_a tzar_n
that_o his_o russes_z shall_v be_v interpreter_n to_o other_o nation_n it_o be_v very_o rare_a if_o any_o of_o they_o understand_v greek_a though_o they_o have_v most_o affection_n unto_o and_o receive_v their_o religion_n from_o that_o church_n there_o be_v at_o slaboda_n a_o school_n set_v up_o for_o the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o now_o few_o or_o none_o understand_v but_o it_o be_v quick_o pull_v down_o again_o a_o printing-press_a also_o for_o their_o own_o book_n but_o if_o not_o forbid_v it_o be_v use_v only_o for_o their_o office_n and_o such_o book_n as_o the_o grand_a tzar_n command_v nor_o be_v there_o many_o though_o there_o want_v not_o man_n of_o part_n that_o desire_v any_o further_a knowledge_n then_o to_o read_v and_o write_v in_o their_o own_o tongue_n to_o understand_v their_o service_n and_o such_o homily_n of_o the_o father_n especial_o st._n chrysostom_n as_o be_v translate_v into_o the_o russ_n language_n now_o though_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v good_a policy_n yet_o be_v it_o indeed_o but_o force_v of_o nature_n for_o the_o converse_v with_o civil_a and_o more_o know_a people_n can_v but_o work_v in_o they_o a_o despise_n of_o their_o own_o manner_n and_o ignorance_n and_o a_o great_a desire_n of_o reform_v that_o inconvenience_n which_o how_o far_o it_o may_v be_v heighten_v i_o know_v not_o beside_o want_v learning_n they_o be_v very_o easy_o lead_v by_o a_o good_a tongue_n and_o fair_a pretence_n and_o therefore_o we_o have_v see_v that_o notwithsstand_v their_o education_n in_o the_o veneration_n i_o have_v almost_o say_v adoration_n to_o their_o prince_n yet_o be_v they_o subject_a to_o follow_v any_o pretence_n if_o they_o think_v to_o amend_v their_o condition_n by_o it_o and_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o moussack_n or_o common_a people_n and_o of_o their_o great_a man_n they_o to_o affect_v alteration_n how_o greedy_o do_v they_o embrace_v the_o wor_n impostor_n demetrius_n though_o their_o grand_a tzar_n boris_n godonove_n be_v a_o worthy_a and_o not_o cruel_a prince_n how_o easy_o do_v they_o deliver_v up_o to_o his_o enemy_n vasili_n zuiski_n a_o prudent_a and_o valiant_a but_o only_o as_o they_o conceive_v unfortunate_a emperor_n what_o a_o number_n of_o impudent_a cheat_n find_v follower_n nay_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o ever_o any_o pretender_n except_o crop_v in_o the_o bud_n that_o be_v not_o able_a to_o raise_v a_o army_n against_o the_o government_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o present_a family_n who_o have_v behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a prudence_n courage_n and_o moderation_n be_v far_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o other_o yet_o do_v one_o timoska_n anchedina_n feign_v himself_o heir_n of_o the_o zuiskies_n and_o have_v he_o not_o be_v diligent_o pursue_v in_o his_o very_a beginning_n may_v have_v raise_v very_o great_a trouble_n as_o do_v stepan_n radzin_n who_o only_o pretend_a reformation_n and_o that_o insurrection_n against_o corrupt_a judge_n in_o 1636_o which_o be_v difficult_o quiet_v even_o by_o the_o grand_a tzar_n himself_o with_o his_o cap_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o tear_n run_v down_o his_o cheek_n both_o the_o story_n of_o timoska_n and_o of_o this_o sedition_n be_v at_o large_a set_v down_o by_o olearius_n the_o grand_a tzar_n labour_v to_o nourish_v in_o the_o people_n a_o opinion_n of_o his_o own_o wisdom_n good_a government_n and_o care_n of_o all_o his_o dominion_n so_o that_o they_o in_o common_a discourse_n attribute_v all_o their_o propriety_n all_o their_o happiness_n and_o prosperity_n to_o god_n and_o the_o grand_a duke_n and_o it_o be_v very_o remarkable_a that_o they_o have_v this_o very_a opinion_n of_o ivan_n vasilowich_n than_o who_o a_o great_a tyrant_n be_v never_o represent_v in_o any_o story_n yet_o hear_v what_o a_o writer_n of_o our_o own_o say_v purch_n l._n 4._o c._n 9_o if_o i_o find_v not_o a_o universal_a conspiracy_n against_o he_o i_o shall_v speak_v in_o his_o defence_n i_o honour_v his_o good_a part_n his_o wit_n his_o learning_n perhaps_o more_o than_o any_o russ_n in_o his_o time_n his_o exemplary_a severity_n upon_o unjust_a magistrate_n his_o martial_a skill_n industry_n etc._n etc._n tea_n his_o memory_n be_v still_o savoury_a to_o the_o russes_z who_o hold_v he_o in_o little_a less_o reputation_n than_o a_o saint_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n also_o herberstein_n whether_o he_o be_v incite_v to_o those_o murder_n and_o cruelty_n by_o his_o own_o natural_a disposition_n or_o the_o malice_n and_o treachery_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o himself_o say_v i_o dare_v not_o determine_v especial_o since_o he_o have_v not_o any_o truculent_a aspect_n or_o sign_n of_o fierceness_n in_o his_o countenance_n and_o though_o these_o policy_n help_v very_o well_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o sufficient_a to_o conserve_v the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n nor_o peace_n of_o the_o nation_n he_o know_v that_o he_o can_v trust_v to_o the_o affection_n or_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o common_a people_n who_o the_o more_o learned_a they_o be_v be_v the_o more_o intractable_a and_o dangerous_a but_o use_v other_o more_o effectual_a and_o certain_a mean_n of_o well_o govern_v as_o that_o he_o bestow_v all_o place_n of_o honour_n and_o gain_v even_o of_o the_o very_a diack_n or_o clerk_n immediate_o by_o himself_o whereby_o he_o be_v able_a to_o reward_v all_o that_o serve_v he_o and_o all_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v his_o bounty_n which_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o acceptable_a because_o it_o carry_v the_o testimony_n of_o his_o good_a opinion_n of_o the_o person_n and_o this_o breed_v a_o great_a dependence_n upon_o he_o and_o emulation_n among_o the_o nobility_n who_o incessant_o by_o their_o observance_n strive_v to_o out-merit_n one_o another_o for_o his_o favour_n but_o lest_o all_o these_o shall_v fail_v he_o have_v force_n to_o coerce_v they_o who_o will_v not_o be_v obedient_a either_o for_o duty_n sake_n or_o reward_n and_o beside_o the_o garrison_n which_o be_v disperse_v in_o the_o castle_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n wherein_o be_v great_a number_n of_o soldier_n he_o have_v the_o guard_n of_o his_o person_n which_o ordinary_o amount_v to_o 16000_o foot_n beside_o horse_n many_o of_o which_o also_o be_v foreigner_n who_o have_v no_o dependence_n upon_o any_o person_n but_o himself_o that_o he_o may_v engage_v more_o of_o his_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n he_o never_o continue_v a_o governor_n long_o than_o three_o year_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o hereditary_a nor_o do_v he_o frequent_o choose_v the_o same_o person_n again_o into_o the_o same_o employment_n but_o advance_v he_o according_a to_o his_o merit_n he_o dispose_v of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o his_o empire_n whereof_o some_o belong_v to_o respective_a government_n and_o employment_n the_o rest_n though_o he_o seldom_o take_v from_o the_o child_n of_o the_o last_o possessor_n especial_o of_o the_o common_a people_n except_o for_o crime_n the_o commons_o pass_v over_o their_o land_n by_o descent_n of_o inheritance_n to_o which_o of_o their_o son_n they_o please_v which_o common_o they_o do_v after_o our_o gavel-kind_n and_o dispose_v of_o their_o good_n by_o gift_n or_o testament_n without_o any_o control_n say_v dr._n fletcher_n yet_o they_o pay_v a_o acknowledgement_n after_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o heriot_n or_o relief_n they_o have_v few_o law_n but_o many_o custom_n in_o their_o government_n law_n their_o law_n according_a to_o which_o they_o judge_v yet_o no_o case_n special_a extraordinary_a or_o of_o consequence_n be_v determine_v without_o the_o knowledge_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o grand_a tzar_n there_o be_v a_o chief_a justice_n who_o be_v also_o a_o chief_a councillor_n that_o receive_v all_o appeal_n and_o information_n from_o all_o place_n and_o acquaint_v his_o majesty_n with_o they_o but_o in_o 1647_o the_o grand_a tzar_n by_o a_o memorable_a example_n call_v together_o the_o wise_a man_n in_o his_o dominion_n and_o cause_v to_o be_v set_v down_o and_o publish_v a_o code_n contain_v the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n whereby_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o regulate_v their_o judgement_n which_o be_v print_v in_o fol._n under_o the_o title_n of_o solorna_n vlosienia_n or_o universal_a right_n the_o grand_a tzar_n also_o make_v peace_n and_o war_n send_v all_o ambassador_n who_o he_o common_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o rich_a of_o the_o nobility_n who_o may_v bear_v the_o expense_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n the_o emperor_n take_v to_o himself_o what_o he_o please_v of_o the_o present_v make_v to_o his_o ambassador_n and_o reward_v he_o according_a to_o his_o merit_n with_o a_o government_n or_o other_o beneficial_a employment_n the_o more_o solemn_a law_n be_v thus_o make_v the_o emperor_n call_v to_o he_o such_o of_o the_o boiar_n or_o nobility_n as_o he_o think_v most_o fit_a for_o wisdom_n and_o authority_n and_o order_n also_o the_o patriarch_n to_o send_v for_o such_o
rubble_n per_fw-la ann_n and_o for_o these_o and_o the_o like_a reason_n many_o of_o they_o at_o first_o secret_o favour_v afterward_o open_o join_v themselves_o and_o their_o power_n to_o demetri_fw-la particular_o peter_n basmaneuf_n entrust_v with_o a_o army_n by_o boris_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o go_v and_o carry_v with_o he_o all_o his_o army_n to_o demetri_fw-la and_o bring_v he_o to_o moskow_n in_o a_o manner_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n at_o which_o time_n boris_n first_o on_o april_n 13_o 1605_o and_o short_o after_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n die_v either_o by_o poison_n as_o most_o say_v or_o murder_v by_o some_o send_v from_o demetri_fw-la to_o that_o purpose_n and_o leave_v the_o throne_n void_a to_o that_o impostor_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o nine_o month_n before_o he_o be_v suspect_v as_o not_o sleep_v after_o dinner_n nor_o use_v stove_n and_o in_o divers_a other_o matter_n not_o conform_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o muscovite_n and_o when_o the_o russes_z see_v moreover_o that_o he_o have_v engage_v to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o palatine_a of_o sandomiria_n and_o to_o bring_v in_o the_o roman_a religion_n they_o form_v a_o conspiracy_n against_o he_o chief_o by_o the_o practice_n of_o vasilie_o zuisky_n they_o choose_v for_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o design_n the_o seventeen_o day_n of_o may_n 1606_o nine_o day_n after_o his_o marriage_n when_o zuisky_n with_o other_o boiar_n and_o the_o people_n after_o dinner_n find_v the_o guard_n asleep_a force_v their_o way_n into_o his_o chamber_n he_o affright_v with_o the_o noise_n leap_v out_o of_o a_o window_n and_o break_v his_o leg_n the_o boiar_n follow_v and_o there_o slay_v he_o and_o hurry_v his_o carcase_n into_o the_o marketplace_n where_o they_o also_o lay_v by_o he_o his_o great_a fautor_n basmaneuf_n expose_v they_o three_o day_n afterward_o they_o choose_v vasilie_o ivanowich_n zuisky_n grand_fw-fr tzar_n in_o his_o stead_n who_o be_v crown_v june_n 1_o 1606._o he_o have_v not_o reign_v long_o before_o another_o demetri_fw-la appear_v in_o poland_n and_o be_v by_o they_o assist_v raise_v very_o great_a trouble_n in_o muscovy_n after_o he_o also_o start_v up_o another_o demetri_fw-la in_o moskow_n itself_o who_o also_o find_v follower_n and_o abettor_n people_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o trouble_n and_o licentiousness_n take_v even_o a_o sorry_a pretence_n to_o rob_v and_o plunder_v meanwhile_o divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n bandy_v together_o against_o their_o lord_n zuisky_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v unfortunate_a that_o victory_n seem_v to_o shun_v and_o trouble_v to_o follow_v he_o that_o as_o long_o as_o he_o govern_v there_o can_v be_v no_o hope_n of_o peace_n etc._n etc._n which_o silly_a story_n prevail_v so_o much_o upon_o a_o amaze_a people_n that_o they_o seize_v upon_o zuisky_n and_o shave_v he_o put_v he_o into_o a_o monastery_n meanwhile_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o idle_a in_o defend_v and_o assert_v their_o demetri_fw-la but_o come_v with_o their_o army_n before_o moskow_n the_o russes_z to_o heal_v all_o their_o wound_n and_o solder_v up_o their_o difference_n choose_v vladislaus_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o be_v their_o grand_a duke_n upon_o certain_a condition_n whereof_o one_o be_v that_o zuisky_n and_o his_o family_n shall_v be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n which_o be_v according_o do_v and_o he_o imprison_v till_o death_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o highway_n the_o polish_v army_n before_o moskow_n understand_v the_o election_n of_o their_o prince_n behave_v themselves_o very_o peaceable_o for_o a_o while_n and_o the_o general_n with_o part_n of_o his_o army_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o castle_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n be_v quarter_v in_o the_o village_n without_o but_o they_o by_o little_a and_o little_o get_v into_o the_o city_n where_o they_o have_v not_o long_o continue_v ever_o there_o happen_v a_o quarrel_n which_o among_o man_n use_v to_o drunkenness_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o find_v of_o the_o pole_n against_o the_o russes_z whereupon_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n and_o in_o despite_n of_o their_o general_n plunder_v and_o burn_v it_o they_o say_v that_o at_o that_o time_n perish_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n the_o treasury_n also_o be_v pillage_v and_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o emperor_n scatter_v among_o the_o polish_v soldier_n some_o of_o who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v charge_v their_o pistol_n with_o pearl_n the_o russes_z be_v in_o this_o almost_o desperate_a condition_n and_o upon_o the_o very_a brink_n of_o ruin_n at_o length_n a_o butcher_n who_o name_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v zachary_n listpenow_n begin_v not_o to_o despair_v and_o to_o give_v out_o among_o the_o people_n that_o if_o there_o can_v be_v find_v a_o honest_a treasurer_n there_o will_v not_o want_v good_a officer_n and_o soldier_n of_o the_o russ_n nation_n to_o deliver_v they_o from_o their_o misery_n and_o settle_v peace_n and_o glory_n again_o in_o their_o country_n the_o people_n destitute_a of_o other_o hope_n catch_v hold_v upon_o this_o straw_n and_o bid_v he_o name_n who_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v general_n which_o he_o do_v and_o propose_v to_o they_o a_o very_a worthy_a but_o poor_a and_o neglect_a gentleman_n call_v pozarskey_n the_o people_n approve_v his_o choice_n take_v he_o for_o commander_n and_o the_o butcher_n they_o make_v treasurer_n bring_v ready_o unto_o he_o all_o the_o money_n they_o owe_v unto_o the_o emperor_n and_o what_o they_o can_v spare_v of_o their_o own_o wherewith_o he_o present_o raise_v a_o army_n and_o join_v it_o with_o a_o body_n of_o cossack_n then_o in_o service_n of_o the_o muscovite_n they_o march_v to_o moskow_n besiege_v the_o pole_n in_o the_o castle_n and_o force_v they_o to_o surrender_v and_o to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o empire_n which_o they_o immediate_o perform_v hereupon_o the_o russ_n nobility_n convene_v at_o moskow_n and_o see_v their_o country_n free_a from_o stranger_n and_o a_o obedient_a army_n of_o their_o own_o they_o resolve_v upon_o elect_v of_o a_o new_a emperor_n which_o they_o put_v in_o execution_n ann_n 1613_o and_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o young_a man_n call_v michael_n federowitz_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n unto_o he_o his_o father_n have_v forsake_v his_o wife_n for_o god_n sake_n as_o they_o say_v i._n e._n quit_v she_o and_o betake_v himself_o to_o his_o devotion_n in_o a_o monastery_n he_o be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o romanove_n and_o when_o his_o son_n be_v choose_v tzar_n he_o also_o be_v elect_v patriarch_n and_o be_v a_o very_a wise_a and_o moderate_a person_n he_o put_v his_o son_n who_o be_v always_o obedient_a unto_o he_o upon_o secure_a and_o prudent_a counsel_n his_o name_n be_v change_v to_o philaretes_n nikiditz_n and_o he_o die_v ann_n 1633._o the_o first_o thing_n he_o do_v be_v to_o recover_v smolensko_n and_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o christian_a prince_n especial_o king_n james_n he_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o pole_n he_o also_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o swede_n who_o have_v be_v the_o sore_a and_o heavy_a enemy_n to_o the_o russes_z and_o by_o the_o assistance_n also_o of_o king_n james_n a_o accord_n be_v make_v and_o all_o difference_n reconcile_v the_o swede_n be_v to_o render_v novogrod_v stara_n russa_n porkow_n lagda_n aydow_n with_o all_o their_o territory_n to_o the_o muscovite_n and_o the_o muscovite_n surrender_v ivanogrod_v jama_n coporia_n noteburg_n with_o their_o precinct_n to_o the_o swede_n and_o renounce_v all_o title_n to_o livonia_n which_o be_v no_o small_a prejudice_n to_o the_o russ_n who_o thereby_o lose_v the_o salt_n trade_n which_o have_v bring_v in_o no_o small_a revenue_n he_o die_v july_n 12_o 1645_o in_o the_o forty-seventh_a year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o thirty-third_a of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v a_o prudent_a pious_a and_o valiant_a person_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o banish_v the_o memory_n of_o former_a tyranny_n and_o to_o make_v up_o the_o breach_n of_o his_o own_o people_n which_o he_o do_v very_o successful_o to_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n alex_v michaelowitz_n a_o more_o martial_a but_o yet_o as_o mild_a a_o governor_n who_o action_n be_v so_o fresh_a in_o all_o man_n memory_n that_o i_o think_v it_o superfluous_a to_o write_v they_o but_o such_o have_v be_v these_o of_o the_o house_n romanove_n that_o if_o their_o successor_n continue_v to_o tread_v in_o the_o step_n of_o these_o their_o ancestor_n they_o need_v not_o doubt_v of_o both_o a_o last_a reign_n and_o glory_n to_o all_o posterity_n he_o die_v about_o the_o year_n 1676_o and_o leave_v his_o son_n a_o young_a prince_n of_o about_o sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n to_o succeed_v he_o the_o lake_n and_o river_n of_o muscovy_n concern_v the_o lake_n and_o river_n of_o muscovy_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o almost_o all_o
be_v many_o cave_n cut_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n well_n and_o old_a building_n of_o the_o greek_n witness_v by_o their_o inscription_n there_o very_o frequent_a it_o be_v now_o a_o inconsiderable_a place_n inhabit_v by_o a_o few_o turk_n sari-germen_a by_o the_o turk_n by_o the_o tartar_n topetarkan_n ancient_o chersonesus_n and_o corsuna_n the_o noble_a and_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o all_o the_o peninsula_n be_v still_o compass_v with_o a_o strong_a stone-wall_n and_o divers_a aqueduct_n and_o other_o noble_a building_n entire_a but_o without_o inhabitant_n the_o turk_n every_o day_n fetch_v away_o the_o marble_n and_o stone_n for_o other_o building_n volodomir_n the_o grand_a tzar_n take_v this_o town_n from_o joannes_n zimisces_n and_o among_o other_o rich_a plunder_v carry_v away_o two_o large_a royal_a brazen_a gate_n to_o kiow_n from_o whence_o boleslaus_n ii_o king_n of_o poland_n transfer_v they_o to_o gnesna_n where_o they_o still_o remain_v they_o say_v also_o that_o volodomir_n be_v here_o baptize_v balachey_n or_o balaclawa_n by_o the_o genovese_n call_v jamboli_n or_o the_o tower_n of_o fish_n the_o sea_n there_o be_v very_o well_o store_v situate_a under_o the_o mountain_n baba_n the_o genovese_n take_v it_o without_o any_o loss_n from_o the_o greek_n and_o make_v it_o a_o very_a commodious_a beautiful_a and_o strong_a haven_n the_o turk_n at_o this_o day_n build_v here_o their_o galley_n and_o ship_n though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o poor_a town_n at_o most_o but_o of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o fire_n the_o inhabitant_n turk_n jew_n and_o greek_n mangut_n or_o mancus_fw-la be_v a_o very_a magnificent_a city_n though_o not_o by_o the_o seashore_n but_o first_o by_o the_o turk_n and_o afterward_o by_o a_o great_a fire_n it_o be_v so_o waste_v that_o nothing_o now_o remain_v of_o it_o except_o one_o high_a tower_n and_o a_o strong_a stone-house_n whereinto_o the_o cham_n thrust_v the_o russ-ambassador_n as_o often_o as_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o quarrel_v his_o master_n there_o be_v some_o few_o turk_n jew_n and_o greek_n that_o inhabit_v there_o in_o all_o about_o sixty_o fire_n there_o remain_v still_o upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o some_o of_o the_o church_n the_o picture_n of_o divers_a of_o the_o greek_a emperor_n and_o other_o famous_a man_n cercessigerman_n be_v a_o small_a turkish_a fort_n not_o far_o from_o mancop_n the_o palace_n of_o the_o cham_n be_v situate_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o country_n baciasaray_v baccasaray_v be_v a_o town_n of_o about_o two_o thousand_o house_n wherein_o be_v a_o meschite_a and_o divers_a sepulchre_n of_o the_o cham_n very_o magnificent_a as_o be_v their_o palace_n build_v with_o great_a charge_n by_o their_o former_a prince_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o country_n very_o proper_a for_o hunt_v and_o fowl_v and_o be_v noble_o adorn_v with_o garden_n orchard_n bath_n etc._n etc._n almasaray_v be_v another_o house_n whither_o he_o sometime_o retire_v in_o a_o town_n of_o about_o seventy_o fire_n there_o be_v also_o divers_a little_a castle_n where_o his_o own_o brethren_n child_n and_o their_o wife_n be_v keep_v sortasse_fw-la be_v a_o town_n where_o the_o ambassador_n of_o foreign_a prince_n have_v many_o time_n liberty_n to_o divert_v themselves_o at_o creme_a or_o crim_n ancient_o taphros_n and_o taphrae_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v crim-tartar_n be_v his_o mint_n and_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o tartar_n but_o the_o town_n be_v most_o inhabit_v by_o turk_n in_o all_o about_o a_o hundred_o house_n sidagios_n or_o sudacum_fw-la be_v a_o very_a noble_a and_o strong_a city_n situate_v in_o the_o mountain_n take_v by_o the_o genovese_n from_o the_o greek_n so_o set_v one_o family_n against_o another_o that_o they_o will_v not_o come_v to_o the_o same_o church_n the_o turk_n by_o a_o long_a and_o difficult_a siege_n take_v it_o from_o the_o genovese_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o wine_n grow_v thereabouts_o caffa_n or_o theodosia_n still_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o peninsula_n have_v betwixt_o five_o and_o six_o thousand_o house_n inhabit_v most_o part_n by_o christian_n who_o have_v about_o forty-five_o church_n greek_n armenian_n and_o remainder_n of_o the_o italian_n some_o turk_n and_o few_o tartar_n all_o under_o a_o turkish_a sangiac_n slave_n they_o reckon_v there_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n about_o two_o day_n sail_v from_o constantinople_n yet_o be_v it_o nothing_o to_o what_o it_o be_v under_o the_o genovese_n kerky_n be_v a_o little_a town_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o about_o a_o hundred_o family_n upon_o the_o straight_o call_v ancient_o bosphora_n cimmerius_n which_o be_v here_o about_o three_o league_n broad_a this_o town_n be_v open_a for_o the_o grand_a signior_n will_v not_o allow_v the_o tartar_n to_o have_v any_o fortify_v town_n beside_o przecop_n over_o against_o this_o be_v taman_a a_o town_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o continent_n in_o the_o country_n call_v ancient_o colchis_n now_o the_o circassian_n or_o petigor-tartar_n karasu_n belong_v to_o the_o cham_n and_o have_v above_o a_o thousand_o house_n tusla_n be_v among_o the_o saltwork_n and_o have_v about_o eighty_o house_n arabet_fw-la or_o orbotec_n be_v a_o double_a castle_n near_o to_o which_o the_o cham_n keep_v his_o stud_n or_o breed_v of_o horse_n which_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v about_o seventy_o thousand_o the_o country_n towards_o the_o south_n be_v mountainous_a and_o consequent_o well_o water_v the_o rest_n plain_a and_o good_a pasture_n but_o want_v water_n for_o that_o near_a at_o hand_n be_v brackish_a and_o their_o good_a water_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o very_o deep_a well_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o want_n dug_n by_o the_o former_a inhabitant_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o chersonesus_n przecop_n the_o country_n of_o przecop_n without_o this_o the_o crim-tartar_n enjoy_v all_o betwixt_o boristhenes_n nieper_n and_o tanais_n don_n which_o from_o ossove_n upon_o the_o don_n to_o the_o nieper_n in_o a_o strait_a line_n be_v account_v about_o four_o hundred_o english_a mile_n but_o the_o nieper_n fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n eastward_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o this_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o even_a ground_n and_o rich_a pasturage_n without_o any_o town_n or_o constant_a habitation_n or_o propriety_n only_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o cham_fw-mi by_o his_o officer_n appoint_v what_o part_n shall_v be_v till_v and_o in_o february_n proclamation_n be_v make_v among_o all_o the_o tartar_n that_o if_o any_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o till_o any_o ground_n they_o shall_v get_v all_o their_o matter_n ready_a by_o such_o a_o day_n when_o they_o will_v go_v to_o such_o a_o place_n commodious_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o according_o some_o do_v go_v and_o the_o rest_n attend_v upon_o they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o disturb_v betwixt_o this_o plain_a and_o russia_n lie_v waste_v a_o great_a country_n as_o they_o say_v require_v twenty_o day_n to_o cross_v it_o full_a of_o wood_n and_o lake_n and_o sometime_o under-water_n which_o be_v the_o great_a security_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o empire_n the_o government_n be_v whole_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o cham._n crim-tartar_n the_o government_n of_o the_o crim-tartar_n the_o cadi_n determine_v lesser_a cause_n but_o capital_a and_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o cham_n himself_o with_o his_o council_n he_o be_v of_o easy_a access_n and_o reasonable_o just_a he_o always_o choose_v a_o galga_n who_o be_v next_o to_o he_o alive_a and_o succeed_v after_o death_n this_o be_v common_o his_o son_n or_o brother_n according_a to_o merit_v if_o any_o one_o have_v better_a pretension_n he_o fly_v to_o the_o grand_a signior_n who_o judge_n the_o cause_n his_o young_a son_n be_v sultan_n and_o be_v bring_v up_o by_o such_o as_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o their_o wife_n with_o who_o they_o be_v educate_v till_o of_o sufficient_a strength_n and_o according_a to_o their_o fitness_n they_o be_v furnish_v with_o command_n either_o in_o his_o own_o country_n or_o be_v recommend_v to_o the_o neighbour_a tartar_n who_o willing_o receive_v they_o part_v also_o be_v hostage_n with_o the_o turk_n when_o the_o family_n of_o gingis-chan_n be_v numerous_a and_o potent_a they_o choose_v always_o the_o chan_n but_o sachibgerei_fw-la and_o deuletigerei_fw-la chans_n make_v away_o with_o most_o of_o they_o and_o settle_v the_o dominion_n in_o their_o own_o posterity_n the_o chan_n have_v many_o officer_n and_o counsellor_n hamiat_fw-la be_v those_o who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o foreign_a prince_n captain_n also_o coracei_n vlans_n and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o murse_n be_v call_v to_o council_n the_o vlans_n be_v those_o of_o a_o ancient_a family_n of_o chans_n but_o be_v deprive_v of_o it_o by_o the_o gierey_n the_o name_n of_o the_o
divide_v former_o the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n before_o the_o invention_n of_o gun_n and_o other_o terrible_a engine_n of_o war_n now_o use_v by_o all_o the_o european_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o know_a world_n the_o only_a fortification_n and_o rampart_n be_v strong_a wall_n and_o ditch_n which_o the_o ancient_n fancy_v as_o indeed_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o arrow_n and_o battleax_n the_o only_a weapon_n then_o in_o use_n of_o their_o barbarous_a neighbour_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o chinois_n think_v their_o empire_n secure_v from_o the_o incursion_n of_o their_o bloody_a neighbour_n the_o tartar_n when_o their_o famous_a king_n tzinzow_n have_v hedge_v they_o in_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o some_o hundred_o of_o mile_n in_o length_n thus_o the_o best_a expedient_a the_o roman_n can_v find_v of_o put_v the_o border_n of_o their_o british_a dominion_n in_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n against_o the_o daily_a revolt_n of_o the_o native_n who_o they_o have_v drive_v into_o scotland_n be_v the_o build_n of_o pict_n wall_n and_o severus_n rampire_n which_o reach_v from_o sea_n to_o sea_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v their_o territory_n continual_o infest_a by_o the_o daily_a inroad_n of_o the_o german_n think_v it_o high_o requisite_a to_o block_n up_o their_o passage_n by_o wall_v up_o that_o neck_n of_o land_n which_o lie_v between_o hollingsted_a and_o gottorp_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o determine_v from_o the_o account_n give_v by_o historian_n when_o this_o work_n be_v first_o begin_v paulus_n aemilius_n a_o curious_a french_a historian_n say_v gothofr_v king_n of_o denmark_n who_o the_o danish_a writer_n call_v gothric_a be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v use_v of_o this_o stratagem_n to_o exclude_v the_o army_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a about_o the_o year_n 808._o the_o same_o story_n be_v tell_v we_o by_o aimoinus_n and_o christianus_n cilicius_fw-la but_o saxon_a grammaticus_n crantzius_n and_o the_o whole_a class_n of_o the_o northern_a historian_n tell_v we_o unanimous_o that_o queen_n thyra_n daughter_n of_o ethelred_n king_n of_o england_n and_o wife_n to_o gormo_n gamle_n king_n of_o denmark_n be_v the_o authoress_n of_o this_o fortification_n and_o that_o thence_o she_o have_v the_o surname_n of_o danebode_v i.e._n the_o mistress_n builder_n of_o the_o danish_a nation_n bestow_v on_o she_o i_o can_v scarce_o allow_v the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o story_n to_o to_o be_v truth_n since_o we_o find_v that_o this_o surname_n be_v give_v she_o long_o before_o she_o have_v do_v any_o thing_n either_o towards_o the_o building_n or_o repair_v of_o the_o danewirk_n as_o they_o call_v this_o fort._n for_o upon_o a_o monument_n erect_v by_o king_n gormo_n gamle_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o queen_n thyra_n we_o find_v the_o follow_a inscription_n gurmr_n kunugr_n gerdi_fw-la kubl_n dusi_fw-la eft_o turui_fw-la kunu_n sina_fw-la tanmarkur-bat_n i.e._n gormo_n the_o king_n erect_v this_o tomb_n for_o thyra_n his_o queen_n danebode_v or_o repairer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n this_o inscription_n can_v be_v a_o epitaph_n write_v after_o queen_n thyra_n death_n see_v all_o the_o danish_a writer_n assert_v positive_o that_o she_o outlive_v her_o husband_n gormo_n many_o year_n and_o after_o his_o death_n take_v the_o danewirk_n in_o hand_n so_o that_o its_o more_o than_o probable_a the_o surname_n of_o danebode_v be_v give_v she_o for_o the_o many_o good_a office_n she_o have_v do_v the_o nation_n in_o repair_v several_a old_a decay_a castle_n and_o fort_n and_o build_v a_o great_a many_o new_a one_o king_n eric_n the_o eight_o in_o his_o danish_a chronicle_n say_v thyra_n build_v the_o fort_n of_o wood_n which_o witfield_n understand_v of_o the_o fence_a the_o rampire_n with_o stake_n as_o bulwark_n be_v guard_v in_o our_o modern_a fortification_n other_o make_v harald_n blaatand_v queen_n thyra_n son_n the_o first_o author_n of_o this_o work_n after_o he_o have_v drive_v the_o emperor_n otho_n out_o of_o jutland_n which_o erasmus_n laetus_n the_o danish_a virgil_n allude_v to_o when_o speak_v of_o this_o king_n harald_n he_o say_v hic_fw-la ille_fw-la est_fw-la solido_fw-la primn_v qui_fw-la cimbrica_n vallo_fw-la munijt_fw-la arva_fw-la solique_fw-la ingens_fw-la e_fw-la corpore_fw-la dorsum_fw-la eruit_fw-la immani_fw-la quod_fw-la se_fw-la curvamine_fw-la longos_fw-la incitat_fw-la in_o tractus_fw-la mediumque_fw-la perambulat_fw-la isthmum_fw-la et_fw-la maris_fw-la eoi_fw-fr ripas_fw-la cum_fw-la littore_fw-la jungit_fw-la hesperio_fw-la ac_fw-la tenuem_fw-la sleswici_fw-la respicit_fw-la urbem_fw-la king_n eric_n decide_v this_o controversy_n by_o tell_v we_o that_o thyra_n build_v a_o wooden_a fortification_n and_o afterward_o advise_v her_o son_n to_o strengthen_v the_o work_n by_o trench_n and_o rampire_n of_o earth_n notwithstanding_o all_o these_o relation_n of_o other_o historian_n both_o pontanus_n and_o wormius_n agree_v that_o it_o be_v most_o likely_a the_o rude_a draught_n of_o this_o fort_n be_v first_o draw_v by_o king_n gothric_n and_o only_o repair_v and_o improve_v by_o queen_n thyra_n king_n harald_n and_o other_o succeed_a prince_n waldemar_n the_o first_o build_v a_o wall_n of_o brick_n seven_o foot_n broad_a and_o eighteen_o high_a to_o strengthen_v it_o after_o so_o many_o improvement_n the_o fort_n be_v reckon_v impregnable_a for_o soon_o after_o king_n waldemar_n reparation_n when_o henry_n duke_n of_o saxony_n surname_v the_o lion_n intend_v to_o have_v endeavour_v a_o breach_n through_o this_o fort_n into_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n he_o be_v dissuade_v from_o the_o enterprise_n by_o his_o chief_a counsellor_n bernhard_n razburg_n who_o represent_v the_o undertake_n as_o a_o thing_n impossible_a to_o be_v effect_v assure_v he_o danewirkae_n custodium_fw-la danorum_fw-la sexaginta_fw-la millibus_fw-la mandatum_fw-la esse_fw-la i.e._n that_o danewirk_n be_v defend_v by_o a_o garrison_n of_o sixty_o thousand_o dane_n hence_o king_n sueno_n find_v himself_o unable_a to_o force_v his_o way_n through_o so_o strong_a and_o so_o well_o mane_v a_o rampire_n endeavour_v to_o work_v his_o passage_n by_o corrupt_v the_o keeper_n of_o wiglesdor_n the_o only_a gate_n lead_v through_o this_o wall_n into_o jutland_n at_o this_o day_n there_o remain_v but_o slight_a mark_n of_o so_o great_a a_o work_n at_o schubuge_a and_o hesbuge_a two_o small_a village_n upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o inhabitant_n find_v relic_n of_o old_a furnace_n and_o brick-kiln_n whence_o the_o danish_a antiquary_n conclude_v that_o king_n waldemar_n have_v his_o brick_n burn_v here_o though_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fetch_v mortar_n as_o far_o as_o gothland_n joh._n cypraeus_n tell_v we_o at_o dennenwirch_n a_o inconsiderable_a village_n in_o these_o part_n may_v still_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n where_o queen_n thyra_n lodge_v the_o same_o author_n say_v wiglesdor_n be_v ancient_o call_v kaelgate_n because_o place_v in_o a_o open_a and_o plain_a part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o enemy_n can_v have_v no_o shelter_n nor_o be_v in_o any_o probability_n of_o suprize_v the_o defendant_n holstein_n ancient_o the_o whole_a territory_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n contain_v at_o present_a in_o the_o province_n of_o holstein_n proper_o so_o call_v ditmarss_n wagerland_n and_o stormar_n go_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o nortablingia_n or_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o elb_n northwards_o adam_n bremensis_n and_o helmoldus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o mention_n holsatia_n which_o the_o former_a derive_v from_o holts-geseten_a i.e._n seat_v in_o a_o wood_n or_o forest_n ducatus_fw-la holsatiae_fw-la descriptio_fw-la novissima_fw-la excudebant_fw-la janssâ—â—io-waesbergii_a et_fw-la moses_n pitt_n the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o soil_n convenience_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o baltic_a and_o british_a sea_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n render_v holstein_n the_o rich_a country_n in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n and_o make_v the_o income_n of_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n exceed_v the_o treasure_n of_o many_o prince_n in_o germany_n the_o chief_a city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o holstein_n be_v 1._o kyel_n chilonium_fw-la seat_v on_o the_o baltic_a shore_n in_o a_o corner_n of_o land_n shut_v in_o betwixt_o the_o mouth_n of_o two_o river_n whence_o some_o have_v fetch_v its_o name_n from_o the_o german_a word_n kiel_n which_o signify_v a_o wedge_n it_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o large_a and_o commodious_a haven_n which_o be_v continual_o throng_v with_o merchant-ship_n from_o germany_n liefland_n sweden_n and_o all_o the_o isle_n on_o the_o baltic_a sea_n there_o be_v yearly_a in_o this_o town_n a_o meeting_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o holstein_n who_o come_v hither_o to_o consult_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o dukedom_n especial_o the_o concern_v of_o the_o mint_n and_o value_n of_o money_n the_o castle_n which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o
top_n of_o a_o hill_n command_v the_o town_n and_o haven_n be_v first_o build_v by_o adolph_n of_o schaumburg_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o holstein_n earl_n adolph_n iv_o found_v a_o monastery_n of_o franciscan_a minorite_n in_o this_o city_n which_o upon_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o the_o augsburg_n confession_n into_o this_o country_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o danish_a territory_n be_v change_v into_o a_o hospital_n 2._o rensborg_n or_o reinholsburg_n found_v by_o one_o reinold_n of_o who_o we_o have_v no_o further_o account_v then_o that_o he_o be_v either_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n or_o some_o great_a nobleman_n this_o be_v the_o best_a fortify_v town_n in_o the_o dukedom_n environ_v with_o the_o byder_n and_o defend_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n build_v by_o earl_n gerhard_n the_o great_a 3._o wilster_n a_o neat_a and_o well_o build_v city_n seat_v on_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o soon_o after_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o stor_n 4._o nieumunster_n seat_v on_o the_o north-west_n of_o the_o stor_n not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o it_o the_o earldom_n of_o holstein_n be_v only_o a_o province_n of_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o saxony_n until_o lotharius_n great_a duke_n of_o saxony_n afterward_o emperor_n of_o germany_n bestow_v it_o upon_o adolph_n earl_n of_o schaumburg_n or_o schouwanburg_n about_o the_o year_n 1114._o since_o which_o time_n we_o have_v the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o holstein_n 1._o adolph_n of_o schouwenburg_n the_o first_o absolute_a prince_n of_o holstein_n on_o who_o the_o earldom_n be_v bestow_v as_o a_o recompense_n for_o the_o service_n he_o have_v do_v the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n in_o his_o german_a and_o danish_a war_n 2._o adolph_n ii_o son_n to_o adolph_n the_o i._o have_v obtain_v his_o father_n earldom_n cast_v out_o the_o slavonian_n who_o a_o little_a before_o his_o time_n have_v overrun_v all_o this_o part_n of_o saxony_n and_o plant_v in_o their_o room_n colony_n of_o german_n frisian_n and_o nether_a saxon_n in_o the_o quarrel_n among_o the_o three_o pretender_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n sueno_n canutus_n and_o waldemar_n he_o side_v with_o canutus_n and_o have_v settle_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n have_v not_o king_n sueno_n by_o fair_a mean_n and_o promise_v prevail_v with_o he_o to_o lay_v down_o his_o arms._n he_o leave_v the_o earldom_n to_o his_o son_n 3_o adolph_n iii_o who_o after_o many_o skirmish_n and_o battle_n with_o waldemar_n ii_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v at_o last_o vanquish_v and_o keep_v close_a prisoner_n by_o that_o king_n who_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o andrew_n bishop_n of_o lunden_n and_o some_o other_o grant_v he_o his_o liberty_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v disclaim_v all_o right_a and_o title_n which_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v hitherto_o pretend_v to_o the_o earldom_n of_o holstein_n or_o any_o other_o place_n former_o subject_a to_o henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o quiet_o retire_v to_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o ancestor_n at_o schouwenburg_n but_o these_o article_n though_o at_o the_o first_o secure_v by_o hostage_n be_v not_o long_o observe_v by_o his_o son_n 4._o adolph_n iu._n who_o associate_a to_o himself_o henry_n earl_n of_o zurin_n gerhard_n bishop_n of_o bremen_n and_o some_o other_o petit_fw-fr prince_n begin_v a_o rebellion_n against_o king_n waldemar_n and_o succeed_v so_o well_o in_o the_o undertake_n that_o within_o a_o very_a short_a time_n he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o the_o territory_n his_o father_n have_v be_v beat_v out_o of_o and_o renounce_v his_o son_n 5._o gerhard_n enjoy_v peaceable_o the_o dominion_n leave_v he_o by_o his_o father_n he_o be_v for_o some_o time_n keep_v prisoner_n at_o imsburg_n by_o the_o folchung_n a_o noble_a family_n in_o sweden_n for_o be_v in_o company_n with_o one_o ingemar_n a_o upstart_n gentleman_n but_o great_a favourite_n of_o their_o king_n magnus_n who_o they_o slay_v in_o a_o rage_n and_o cast_v his_o companion_n into_o prison_n 6._o henry_n gerhards_n son_n be_v the_o first_o that_o set_v up_o a_o custom-house_n in_o hamburg_n which_o bring_v in_o no_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o his_o successor_n 7._o gerhard_n the_o second_o son_n of_o henry_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o christopher_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v make_v protector_n of_o the_o danish_a kingdom_n and_o tutor_n to_o the_o young_a king_n waldemar_n the_o three_o by_o these_o advantage_n his_o power_n grow_v so_o great_a that_o he_o venture_v to_o style_v himself_o duke_n of_o jutland_n and_o by_o degree_n will_v in_o all_o probability_n have_v aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n if_o not_o timely_o take_v off_o by_o one_o ebbo_n a_o danish_a nobleman_n who_o murder_v he_o in_o his_o bed_n at_o randerhusen_n 8._o henry_n the_o second_o son_n to_o gerhard_n ii_o refuse_v the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n when_o it_o be_v offer_v he_o by_o ambassador_n send_v from_o that_o court_n a._n d._n 1363._o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v a_o prince_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o candour_n courteous_a in_o his_o behaviour_n and_o exceed_o chaste_a and_o temperate_a in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n in_o short_a a_o man_n that_o have_v in_o he_o all_o the_o royal_a virtue_n that_o may_v deserve_v a_o kingdom_n and_o the_o modesty_n to_o refuse_v one_o when_o offer_v 9_o gerhard_n the_o three_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v son_fw-it after_o he_o have_v get_v the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswic_n annex_v to_o the_o earldom_n of_o holstein_n by_o margaret_n queen_n of_o denmark_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o dithmarss_n who_o he_o have_v require_v to_o do_v he_o homage_n his_o son_n 10._o henry_n the_o three_o be_v deny_v that_o right_n to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswic_n which_o his_o father_n have_v enjoy_v make_v war_n against_o eric_n the_o eight_o king_n of_o denmark_n in_o which_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o flensburg_n he_o be_v slay_v 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and_o administration_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v at_o first_o confer_v upon_o duke_n adolph_n king_n christian_n the_o three_o brother_n in_o the_o late_a war_n between_o the_o two_o northern_a crown_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n jealous_a of_o the_o great_a power_n of_o the_o present_a duke_n of_o gottorp_n force_v this_o prince_n to_o quit_v his_o dukedom_n and_o leave_v his_o majesty_n in_o full_a possession_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o holstein_n but_o at_o the_o sign_v of_o the_o treaty_n between_o the_o king_n of_o france_n sweden_n and_o denmark_n at_o fountenblaeu_o on_o the_o second_o of_o september_n 1679_o the_o danish_a minister_n promise_v their_o master_n shall_v at_o the_o desire_n of_o his_o most_o christian_n majesty_n restore_v to_o the_o say_a duke_n all_o his_o country_n town_n and_o place_n in_o the_o state_n they_o be_v and_o the_o sovereignty_n thereof_o all_o which_o he_o
sweden_n in_o derision_n of_o her_o sex_n send_v she_o to_o sharp_a her_o needle_n on_o this_o scoff_n cost_v he_o seven_o year_n imprisonment_n and_o a_o renunciation_n of_o all_o the_o right_n he_o pretend_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o which_o article_n the_o hans-town_n be_v surety_n 2._o elseneur_n elseneur_n elseneur_n call_v otherwise_o helsenoer_n helschenoer_n helsingor_n and_o halsingor_n as_o the_o opposite_a castle_n in_o schonen_fw-mi be_v by_o adam_n bremensis_n halsingburg_n be_v so_o name_v q._n d._n halsen-ore_a i._n e._n a_o ear_n in_o the_o neck_n because_o at_o first_o a_o watchtower_n seat_v on_o that_o neck_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v by_o the_o dane_n oresundt_n which_o part_v seeland_n from_o schonen_fw-mi here_o pontanus_n fancy_v ptolomy_n hellevones_n have_v their_o habitation_n the_o chief_a ornament_n and_o strength_n of_o this_o town_n lay_v in_o croneburg_n a_o royal_a and_o impregnable_a castle_n which_o command_v 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this_o piece_n add_v further_o that_o here_o the_o lock_n and_o bar_n in_o the_o window_n be_v all_o of_o beat_a silver_n etc._n etc._n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o house_n be_v all_o freestone_n but_o the_o upper_a building_n brick_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a wood_n about_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o elsineur_n and_o copenhagen_n the_o adjoin_a park_n be_v first_o stock_v with_o fallow_a deer_n send_v thither_o out_o of_o england_n in_o the_o 24._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o queen_n elizabeth_n 4._o ringstede_n ringstede_n ringstede_n a_o town_n of_o the_o great_a antiquity_n of_o any_o except_v roschild_n in_o denmark_n where_o lie_v bury_v many_o of_o the_o danish_a king_n particular_o king_n waldemar_n the_o first_o and_o eric_n the_o godly_a it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o seeland_n where_o destitute_a of_o trade_n it_o decay_v daily_o 5._o sore_o sore_a or_o soer_n seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a woody_a country_n between_o slagen_n and_o 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the_o monastery_n itself_o he_o die_v within_o a_o year_n after_o his_o brother_n a._n d._n 1202._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o sor._n many_o year_n after_o this_o king_n frideric_n the_o second_o remove_v the_o school_n which_o he_o have_v found_v at_o fridericksburg_n for_o the_o education_n of_o the_o young_a nobility_n to_o this_o place_n where_o have_v increase_v the_o number_n of_o both_o teacher_n and_o hearer_n he_o think_v it_o also_o requisite_a to_o enlarge_v the_o income_n which_o do_v of_o a_o rich_a popish_a monastery_n it_o become_v one_o of_o the_o best_a endow_v free-school_n in_o the_o reform_a part_n of_o christendom_n his_o son_n christian_n the_o four_o turn_v the_o free-school_n into_o a_o small_a university_n by_o settle_v certain_a salary_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o set_a number_n of_o professor_n who_o be_v to_o instruct_v young_a noble_a man_n in_o the_o principle_n of_o several_a art_n and_o science_n and_o the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o latin_a greek_a hebrew_n french_a and_o italian_a tongue_n beside_o to_o to_o this_o gymnasium_n he_o annex_v a_o academy_n furnish_v with_o fit_a master_n to_o teach_v perfect_o all_o gentile_a and_o marshal_n exercise_n as_o dance_a vault_a ride_v the_o great_a horse_n etc._n etc._n whence_o some_o author_n call_v the_o university_n at_o sore_a academiam_fw-la equestrem_fw-la because_o at_o first_o principal_o intend_v for_o the_o education_n of_o young_a gentleman_n in_o the_o act_n of_o chivalry_n though_o afterward_o it_o grow_v to_o be_v the_o most_o famous_a university_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n in_o the_o year_n 1621._o the_o nunnery_n of_o mariebo_fw-la in_o laland_n be_v demolish_v the_o nun_n throw_v out_o and_o the_o land_n give_v to_o this_o university_n but_o at_o this_o day_n these_o and_o all_o other_o the_o large_a territory_n which_o have_v be_v heretofore_o settle_v upon_o the_o university_n at_o sore_a be_v in_o the_o present_a king_n hand_n who_o threaten_v daily_o to_o reestablish_v a_o university_n in_o this_o place_n but_o without_o any_o show_n of_o performance_n his_o resolution_n i_o suppose_v if_o ever_o he_o have_v any_o such_o be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n stop_v by_o the_o continual_a dissuasion_n of_o the_o professor_n at_o copenhagen_n who_o think_v it_o very_o inconsistent_a with_o their_o interest_n to_o have_v another_o university_n erect_v in_o their_o neighbourhood_n for_o heretofore_o when_o any_o professor_n place_n be_v vacant_a at_o copenhagen_n it_o be_v odds_o but_o some_o brisk_a fellow_n from_o sore_o carry_v it_o 6._o anderskaw_n anderskaw_n anderskaw_n or_o andersbouw_n former_o a_o great_a monastery_n now_o a_o strong_a castle_n about_o a_o english_a mile_n from_o slagen_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o level_n champagn_a country_n and_o delicate_o well_o build_v here_o frideric_n the_o second_o die_v a._n d._n 1548._o 7._o kallenborg_n kallenborg_n kallenborg_n which_o saxo_n grammaticus_n call_v kallunda_fw-la and_o meursius_n callundeburgum_n be_v former_o a_o small_a village_n inhabit_v by_o none_o but_o fisherman_n and_o by_o they_o name_v herwig_n but_o esbern_n suare_fw-la brother_n to_o absalon_n hvide_v abovementioned_a turn_v it_o into_o a_o city_n about_o the_o year_n 1158_o or_o as_o some_o 1171_o and_o beautify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n church_n and_o several_a other_o public_a building_n it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o town_n of_o good_a trade_n have_v the_o convenience_n of_o as_o safe_a a_o harbour_n for_o ship_n as_o any_o haven_n in_o denmark_n 8._o kosor_n kosor_n korsor_n so_o call_v from_o the_o multitude_n of_o cross_n erect_v former_o in_o the_o place_n out_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o superstitious_a zeal_n in_o the_o inhabitant_n 9_o koge_n koge_n koge_fw-mi coagium_n a_o small_a but_o very_o populous_a and_o rich_a city_n about_o sixteen_o english_a mile_n from_o copenhagen_n it_o be_v a_o place_n much_o throng_v with_o corn-merchant_n and_o fishmonger_n the_o commodity_n pleasant_a situation_n etc._n etc._n of_o
fish_n butter_n tallow_n hides_n etc._n etc._n be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n of_o norway_n to_o be_v ship_v off_o into_o other_o country_n the_o townsman_n not_o many_o year_n ago_o observe_v the_o daily_a increase_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o stranger_n which_o it_o draw_v from_o all_o part_n and_o fear_v they_o themselves_o may_v at_o last_o be_v prejudice_v by_o a_o unlimited_a and_o general_a admission_n of_o foreign_a tradesman_n and_o merchant_n into_o their_o city_n make_v a_o order_n that_o whoever_o will_v after_o such_o a_o time_n be_v admit_v a_o freeman_n of_o the_o town_n shall_v either_o be_v whip_v at_o a_o game_n institute_v upon_o this_o occasion_n and_o call_v by_o they_o gantenspill_n or_o roll_v in_o mud_n and_o dirt_n or_o last_o hang_v in_o a_o basket_n over_o some_o intolerable_a and_o filthy_a smoke_n this_o hard_a usage_n quick_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o foreigner_n who_o fancy_v it_o scarce_o worth_n their_o while_n to_o purchase_v their_o freedom_n at_o so_o dear_a and_o scandalous_a a_o rate_n but_o of_o late_a the_o industry_n and_o skill_n as_o well_o as_o number_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n increase_n these_o barbarous_a custom_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o the_o citizen_n themselves_o be_v now_o able_a to_o export_v what_o be_v former_o fetch_v away_o from_o they_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v heretofore_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o truntheim_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o berghen_n be_v subject_a the_o prefecture_n of_o sudhornleen_n nordhornleen_n soghne_n sudfiord_n norfiord_n and_o sundmerleen_n the_o prefecture_n and_o bishopric_n of_o nidrosia_n or_o truntheim_n the_o four_o castle_n and_o government_n in_o norway_n be_v that_o of_o the_o city_n nidrosia_n as_o it_o be_v ancient_o call_v from_o the_o river_n nider_n on_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v or_o truntheim_n former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n of_o norway_n pontanus_n somewhere_o call_v this_o city_n the_o cabinet_n of_o all_o the_o norwegian_a monument_n but_o wormius_n find_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o confer_v so_o honourable_a a_o title_n upon_o it_o when_o after_o a_o diligent_a search_n into_o the_o antiquity_n old_a monument_n and_o relic_n of_o the_o primitive_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o kingdom_n he_o meet_v with_o no_o more_o than_o three_o runic_a inscription_n in_o this_o whole_a diocese_n the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o haven_n make_v this_o place_n resort_v to_o by_o some_o mariner_n and_o merchant_n to_o this_o day_n but_o the_o ruin_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o look_v more_o like_o a_o village_n than_o city_n not_o have_v have_v any_o opportunity_n of_o recover_v its_o former_a splendour_n since_o it_o be_v burn_v down_o in_o the_o year_n 1522._o its_o house_n be_v a_o company_n of_o old_a fashion_a and_o rot_a building_n and_o the_o king_n palace_n be_v decay_v below_o the_o meanness_n of_o a_o english_a cottage_n however_o something_o of_o its_o ancient_a grandeur_n still_o appear_v in_o the_o cathedral_n dedicate_v to_o st._n olaus_n which_o though_o almost_o consume_v by_o fire_n yet_o by_o the_o ruin_n show_v itself_o to_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o magnificent_a and_o large_a structure_n in_o the_o world_n in_o this_o church_n the_o huntsman_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v a_o yearly_a offering_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o large_a and_o stout_a white_a bear_n which_o they_o kill_v for_o the_o priest_n to_o tread_v upon_o at_o divine_a service_n groneland_n and_o iseland_n be_v former_o part_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o truntheim_n but_o now_o this_o bishopric_n be_v not_o of_o so_o large_a a_o extent_n in_o the_o castle_n reside_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o whole_a prefecture_n of_o truntheim_n who_o have_v under_o he_o several_a other_o governor_n of_o lesser_a province_n in_o the_o country_n a_o little_a beyond_o this_o city_n there_o grow_v no_o wood_n at_o all_o but_o instead_o thereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v use_v of_o fish-bone_n as_o well_o to_o build_v their_o house_n and_o for_o several_a implement_n of_o householdstuff_n as_o fuel_n and_o with_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o same_o fish_n they_o feed_v their_o lamp_n in_o winter_n the_o prefecture_n of_o truntheim_n in_o the_o year_n 1658_o be_v by_o the_o dane_n surrender_v up_o to_o the_o swede_n by_o a_o public_a treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o next_o year_n they_o wrest_v it_o again_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swedish_n king_n but_o resign_v it_o back_o at_o the_o treaty_n of_o roschild_n halgoland_n the_o country_n of_o ohther_n king_n aelfred_n geographer_n be_v a_o part_n of_o this_o prefecture_n of_o which_o that_o author_n give_v this_o account_n to_o the_o king_n his_o master_n ê§_n nan_o man_n ne_o bude_n be_v nor_o ðh_n a_fw-fr he_o i_o e._n that_o no_o inhabit_a country_n lie_v further_a north_n than_o this_o but_o the_o great_a fish_n trade_n upon_o these_o coast_n have_v make_v the_o english_a better_a acquaint_v with_o these_o part_n than_o this_o gentleman_n be_v with_o his_o own_o country_n the_o prefecture_n of_o wardhus_n the_o castle_n of_o wardhus_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o five_o and_o last_o great_a governor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o island_n warda_n in_o which_o it_o stand_v this_o isle_n lie_v about_o two_o german_a mile_n from_o the_o main_a land_n of_o finmark_n be_v near_o twelve_o english_a mile_n in_o compass_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o and_o the_o two_o adjoin_a isle_n which_o in_o finmark_n go_v all_o under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o trunsolem_n live_v only_o upon_o stockfish_n which_o they_o dry_v in_o the_o frost_n they_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o bread_n nor_o drink_n but_o what_o be_v bring_v they_o from_o other_o place_n some_o small_a stock_n of_o cattle_n they_o have_v but_o only_o such_o as_o can_v make_v a_o shift_n to_o live_v of_o their_o master_n diet_n dry_a fish_n finmark_n or_o norwegian_n lapland_n on_o the_o north_n of_o norway_n lie_v finmark_n or_o as_o the_o native_n use_v to_o call_v it_o taakemark_n which_o perhaps_o be_v the_o ancient_a habitation_n of_o the_o finni_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n for_o the_o character_n which_o that_o historian_n give_v we_o of_o those_o people_n be_v very_o applicable_a to_o the_o modern_a finmarker_n the_o finni_n say_v he_o be_v a_o people_n extraordinary_a savage_a and_o miserable_o poor_a they_o have_v neither_o horse_n arm_n house_n nor_o home_n but_o feed_v upon_o root_n and_o such_o provision_n as_o their_o bow_n and_o arrow_n can_v procure_v and_o be_v clothe_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n to_o this_o day_n finmark_n be_v not_o divide_v as_o all_o other_o country_n general_o be_v into_o distinct_a lordship_n and_o inheritance_n but_o as_o in_o mr._n hobbes_n state_n of_o nature_n every_o private_a man_n pretend_v a_o right_a and_o title_n to_o every_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o arm_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n of_o controversy_n when_o fish_v season_n come_v in_o they_o throng_v to_o the_o seacoast_n and_o when_o that_o be_v over_o retire_v again_o into_o the_o upland_n only_o the_o islander_n in_o heymeland_n keep_v their_o station_n and_o have_v their_o church_n in_o trom_n suro_n maggero_n and_o other_o place_n the_o language_n manner_n and_o habit_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o swedish_n lapland_n of_o which_o a_o account_n have_v be_v already_o give_v of_o the_o ancient_a commerce_n between_o the_o old_a britain_n english_a and_o norwegian_n though_o the_o relation_n which_o our_o english_a writer_n give_v we_o of_o the_o prowess_n and_o brave_a exploit_n of_o the_o valiant_a british_a king_n arthur_n savour_v too_o much_o of_o romance_n yet_o in_o the_o main_a our_o best_a historian_n agree_v unanimous_o in_o this_o that_o no_o prince_n ever_o conquer_v more_o of_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n than_o this_o king_n w._n lambert_n in_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d assure_v we_o that_o all_o the_o island_n nation_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o north_n and_o east_n sea_n as_o far_o as_o russia_n be_v tributary_n to_o he_o and_o geoffry_n of_o monmouth_n say_v king_n arthur_z at_o one_o time_n summon_v no_o less_o than_o six_o king_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o at_o his_o court_n in_o britain_n viz._n 1._o guillaumur_n king_n of_o ireland_n 2._o malvase_n king_n of_o iseland_n 3._o doldaff_n king_n of_o gothland_n 4._o gunnase_n king_n of_o orkney_n 5._o lot_z king_n of_o norway_n and_o 6._o aschile_o king_n of_o denmark_n upon_o these_o conquest_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o norwegian_n incorporate_v into_o one_o nation_n with_o the_o britain_n but_o this_o amity_n be_v of_o no_o long_a continuance_n for_o norway_n be_v at_o too_o great_a a_o distance_n
to_o dress_v themselves_o such_o boy_n as_o the_o schoolmaster_n who_o be_v five_o in_o number_n observe_v to_o have_v part_n be_v fit_v for_o and_o send_v to_o the_o university_n and_o there_o maintain_v upon_o the_o public_a stock_n of_o the_o hospital_n till_o they_o may_v be_v well_o suppose_v to_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n of_o provide_v for_o themselves_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o be_v put_v out_o to_o such_o trade_n as_o the_o trustee_n think_v they_o most_o qualify_v for_o and_o the_o girl_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v learn_v to_o read_v write_v spin_v knit_v etc._n etc._n be_v send_v to_o credible_a service_n to_o earn_v their_o live_n and_o make_v their_o fortune_n 4._o they_o have_v a_o common_a pest-house_n for_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o plague_n or_o any_o other_o infectious_a disease_n whither_o not_o only_o poor_a people_n but_o other_o of_o the_o best_a rank_n and_o quality_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v cure_v of_o their_o virulent_a distemper_n for_o the_o good_a and_o skilful_a attendant_n which_o all_o manner_n of_o disease_a person_n be_v sure_a to_o meet_v with_o in_o this_o place_n render_v it_o exceed_o preferable_a to_o any_o convenience_n they_o can_v expect_v at_o home_n 5._o they_o have_v a_o large_a and_o sumptuous_a hospital_n for_o sick_a stranger_n das_n gast_n und_fw-ge krancken-hauss_a first_o build_v in_o the_o year_n 1632_o where_o a_o physician_n chirurgeon_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o necessary_a medicine_n and_o salve_n be_v provide_v for_o such_o poor_a traveller_n as_o be_v fall_v sick_a upon_o their_o road_n and_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o provide_v for_o themselves_o 6._o for_o distress_a age_a and_o decay_a seaman_n the_o burgher_n build_v and_o liberal_o endow_v a_o fair_a hospital_n in_o the_o year_n 1556_o which_o since_o that_o time_n have_v be_v very_o much_o augment_v both_o in_o its_o building_n and_o revenue_n in_o this_o hospital_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o considerable_a maintenance_n allot_v for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o maim_a age_a and_o feeble_a mariner_n of_o all_o sort_n but_o also_o a_o ample_a provision_n be_v make_v for_o all_o such_o poor_a widow_n and_o orphan_n as_o have_v lose_v their_o husband_n or_o parent_n at_o sea_n and_o be_v hereby_o reduce_v to_o want_v and_o beggary_n in_o which_o particular_a the_o hamburger_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v outdo_v the_o munificence_n of_o the_o present_a king_n of_o france_n in_o his_o sumptuous_a hospital_n hostel_n des_fw-fr invalides_n build_v late_o near_o paris_n for_o maim_a and_o decay_a soldier_n for_o though_o this_o noble_a and_o brave_a structure_n may_v just_o challenge_v a_o preeminence_n beyond_o any_o in_o its_o kind_n that_o perhaps_o europe_n or_o the_o world_n can_v ever_o show_v yet_o there_o want_v in_o it_o a_o provision_n for_o the_o poor_a wife_n and_o child_n of_o such_o as_o have_v lose_v their_o limb_n or_o life_n in_o his_o majesty_n service_n which_o will_v in_o all_o probability_n prove_v as_o effectual_a a_o motive_n and_o encouragement_n to_o all_o his_o subject_n to_o venture_v their_o life_n and_o fortune_n in_o his_o army_n as_o any_o expedient_a hitherto_o think_v on_o since_o some_o man_n be_v not_o so_o soon_o deter_v from_o venture_v into_o the_o camp_n upon_o a_o prospect_n of_o the_o danger_n of_o lose_v their_o own_o life_n as_o a_o foresight_n of_o a_o inevitable_a ruin_n to_o their_o family_n at_o home_n if_o they_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v take_v off_o or_o maim_v in_o the_o field_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o more_o less_o and_o inconsiderable_a hospital_n for_o set_a number_n of_o poor_a widower_n widow_n orphan_n etc._n etc._n together_o with_o a_o large_a number_n of_o free-school_n endow_v with_o competent_a stipend_n for_o the_o education_n of_o the_o child_n of_o poor_a burgher_n who_o be_v in_o these_o place_n common_o furnish_v with_o clothes_n and_o book_n out_o of_o the_o public_a revenue_n of_o the_o school_n where_o they_o be_v instruct_v till_o fit_v for_o a_o trade_n or_o the_o university_n as_o their_o friend_n be_v able_a or_o willing_a to_o dispose_v of_o they_o to_o these_o hospital_n i_o think_v i_o may_v add_v their_o bridewell_n bridewell_n bridewell_n or_o house_n of_o correction_n das_n werckund_n zucht-hauss_a since_o to_o reclaim_v lazy_a vagabond_n from_o their_o ill_a course_n by_o hard_a labour_n and_o severe_a punishment_n be_v as_o great_a a_o piece_n of_o charity_n as_o to_o clothe_v the_o naked_a or_o feed_v the_o hungry_a this_o house_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n and_o burn_v down_o by_o some_o of_o the_o wicked_a varlet_n that_o have_v be_v commit_v to_o this_o prison_n in_o the_o year_n 1666_o but_o soon_o after_o noble_o rebuilt_a at_o the_o public_a charge_n of_o the_o city_n this_o structure_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v appoint_v for_o such_o poor_a and_o needy_a people_n whether_o foreigner_n or_o domestic_o as_o be_v willing_a to_o earn_v their_o live_n with_o the_o sweat_n of_o their_o brow_n but_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o master_n to_o set_v they_o at_o work_n here_o they_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o find_v employment_n and_o have_v a_o opportunity_n of_o procure_v bread_n by_o their_o labour_n according_a to_o the_o motto_n write_v over_o the_o door_n of_o their_o workhouse_n labour_v nutrior_a the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o house_n be_v reserve_v for_o thief_n whore_n vagabond_n and_o such_o kind_n of_o licentious_a person_n as_o be_v disobedient_a to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n or_o regardless_o of_o the_o command_n of_o their_o parent_n or_o master_n the_o motto_n or_o inscription_n over_o the_o door_n of_o this_o partition_n be_v labour_n plector_n ducatus_fw-la olim_fw-la episcopatus_fw-la bremensis_n et_fw-la ostiorum_fw-la albis_n et_fw-fr visurgis_n fluviorum_fw-la novissima_fw-la descriptio_fw-la to_o the_o worp_n full_o sr_n henry_n calverley_n of_o eriholme_n in_o the_o countij_fw-la of_o torcke_n knt_v this_o map_n be_v humble_o d._n d._n by_o m_n pitt_n notarum_fw-la explicatio_fw-la gross_a stätte_n kleine_n stätte_n kirch_n dorffer_v adel_n häusser_v dorffer_v häuser_n the_o magistracy_n of_o the_o city_n consist_v of_o four_o burgomaster_n and_o twenty_o schepin_n or_o alderman_n magistrate_n magistrate_n who_o be_v former_o all_o of_o they_o civilian_n for_o other_o learned_a man_n but_o be_v now_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o merchant_n and_o rich_a tradesman_n in_o the_o town_n beside_o these_o they_o have_v twelve_o common-council-man_n call_v in_o their_o language_n die_v oberalten_v or_o chief_a elder_n who_o consult_v together_o and_o order_v the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n if_o any_o matter_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a moment_n be_v bring_v before_o they_o they_o join_v with_o sixty_o more_o grave_a citizen_n who_o they_o call_v die_v burger-alten_a or_o elder_n of_o the_o city_n and_o if_o these_o dare_v not_o venture_v to_o give_v a_o final_a determination_n in_o the_o matter_n propose_v the_o whole_a business_n be_v refer_v to_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o town_n the_o hamburger_n have_v one_o notable_a custom_n among_o they_o for_o the_o speedy_a reparation_n of_o any_o loss_n by_o fire_n in_o most_o great_a street_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o town_n it_o be_v the_o fashion_n for_o such_o a_o number_n of_o the_o citizen_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o solemn_a covenant_n and_o agreement_n whereby_o they_o unanimous_o engage_v themselves_o to_o contribute_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n towards_o the_o rebuild_n of_o any_o house_n which_o shall_v be_v burn_v down_o within_o the_o circle_n of_o that_o company_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v now_o any_o man_n have_v the_o liberty_n to_o engage_v himself_o in_o as_o many_o company_n as_o he_o please_v so_o that_o sometime_o it_o happen_v a_o considerable_a improvement_n of_o a_o burger_n estate_n to_o have_v his_o house_n burn_v down_o when_o the_o contribution_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o several_a company_n of_o which_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o a_o member_n amount_v as_o often_o they_o do_v to_o more_o than_o his_o house_n be_v worth_a at_o the_o first_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n contain_v a_o small_a circle_n of_o stormaria_n territory_n territory_n wherein_o nevertheless_o be_v several_a fair_a village_n and_o some_o nobleman_n palace_n of_o good_a note_n a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o little_a island_n in_o the_o island_n in_o the_o elb_n former_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburg_n or_o lawenburg_n be_v now_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o hamburger_n to_o who_o also_o belong_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o ritzenbuttel_n the_o best_a fort_n in_o hadderland_n or_o the_o country_n betwixt_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o two_o great_a rivers_n elb_n and_o weser_n a_o little_a below_o this_o to_o the_o north-west_n they_o have_v another_o considerable_a fortress_n call_v das_n
that_o come_v over_o into_o britain_n be_v send_v from_o hence_o and_o they_o tell_v we_o far_o that_o in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o good_a success_n they_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o our_o island_n some_o of_o they_o return_v hang_v up_o a_o gild_a ship_n of_o tin_n in_o the_o marketplace_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v here_o before_o the_o fire_n above_o mention_v iv_o zell_n zell_n zell_n this_o city_n famous_a for_o the_o usual_a residence_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o luneburg_n on_o a_o sandy_a level_n at_o the_o confluence_n of_o two_o small_a river_n the_o aller_n and_o fuhse_n about_o ten_o german_a mile_n distant_a from_o luneburg_n six_o from_o brunswic_n ten_o from_o bremen_n and_o thirteen_o from_o hamburg_n the_o word_n zell_n in_o the_o language_n of_o some_o of_o the_o low_a saxon_n signify_v the_o same_o with_o the_o high_a dutch_a kellar_n or_o our_o english_a word_n cellar_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n the_o town_n shall_v have_v this_o name_n give_v it_o i_o can_v determine_v in_o a_o old_a parchment_n deed_n bear_v date_n a._n d._n 1236_o which_o to_o this_o day_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o duke_n of_o zell_n archive_v whereby_o sigefride_n count_n of_o osterburg_n make_v over_o a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o country_n to_o otho_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o luneburg_n we_o read_v ministeriale_n suos_fw-la tselle_fw-fr usque_fw-la breman_n and_o another_o indenture_n make_v between_o henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n son_n date_v a._n d._n 1203_o and_o still_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o same_o place_n mention_n this_o town_n by_o the_o aforesaid_a name_n high_a than_o these_o time_n its_o antiquity_n can_v be_v trace_v and_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o those_o day_n a_o city_n wall_a town_n or_o only_o a_o bare_a castle_n we_o know_v not_o the_o duke_n palace_n as_o it_o now_o stand_v be_v a_o square_a piece_n of_o building_n mote_v round_o and_o beautify_v with_o a_o great_a many_o pleasant_a garden_n orchard_n grotto_n etc._n etc._n be_v first_o build_v by_o henry_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o lunenburg_n and_o ann_n bear_v countess_n of_o nassaw_n his_o mother_n in_o the_o year_n 1485._o in_o this_o palace_n be_v hold_v the_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n v._o walstrode_n walstrode_n walstrode_n or_o walo's-cross_n at_o first_o only_o a_o monastery_n build_v by_o one_o walo_n a_o prince_n of_o anhalt_n in_o the_o year_n 986_o but_o afterward_o advance_v into_o a_o considerable_a town_n walo_n statue_n be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o church_n with_o this_o inscription_n on_o its_o pedestal_n illustris_fw-la princeps_fw-la walo_fw-la de_fw-fr anholt_n come_v in_o aschania_n &c_n &c_n dominus_fw-la in_o berneborch_n est_fw-la fundator_fw-la huius_fw-la monasterii_fw-la it_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a valley_n encompass_v on_o every_o side_n with_o mountain_n and_o wood_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n consist_v in_o honey_n wax_n wool_n and_o beer_n harborch_n winsen_n gifhorn_n notable_a for_o a_o strong_a palace_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburg_n with_o some_o other_o place_n of_o the_o like_a value_n be_v only_o just_a considerable_a enough_o to_o merit_v a_o distinct_a character_n in_o the_o map_n from_o poor_a village_n but_o have_v nothing_o in_o they_o so_o remarkable_a as_o to_o deserve_v a_o a_o particular_a description_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n be_v a_o poor_a and_o barren_a country_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v scarce_o any_o where_o so_o rich_a as_o that_o they_o need_v to_o wall_n in_o their_o town_n or_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o invasion_n of_o a_o enemy_n the_o most_o notable_a place_n in_o the_o county_n of_o diepholt_n hoye_n and_o schawenburg_n subject_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o luneburg_n the_o reader_n will_v find_v describe_v in_o the_o next_o volume_n when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o all_o the_o little_a province_n which_o be_v usual_o comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o westphalia_n meklenburg_n ducatus_n auctore_fw-la joanne_n laurenbergio_n sumptiê°_n janssonio-waesbergiorum_a mosis_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephan_n swart_a the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklenburg_n although_o at_o this_o day_n geographer_n can_v hardly_o meet_v with_o any_o such_o place_n as_o mecklenburg_n from_o whence_o this_o dukedom_n shall_v have_v its_o name_n yet_o the_o german_a historian_n will_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o small_a village_n not_o far_o from_o wismar_n which_o still_o bear_v that_o name_n be_v ancient_o a_o large_a and_o populous_a city_n and_o some_o of_o their_o antiquary_n pretend_v to_o be_v able_a to_o show_v we_o be_v rudera_fw-la near_o this_o place_n for_o some_o mile_n in_o compass_n j._n peter_n in_o his_o chronicle_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n tell_v we_o that_o this_o village_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o very_a ancient_a city_n which_o say_v he_o be_v build_v above_o three_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n by_o anthyrius_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o the_o heruli_n or_o mecklenburger_n but_o we_o know_v what_o kind_n of_o credit_n to_o give_v to_o such_o romantic_a chronologer_n as_o this_o who_o impertinent_o pretend_v to_o trace_v the_o annal_n of_o his_o country_n through_o those_o dark_a day_n of_o ignorance_n wherein_o he_o must_v necessary_o lose_v himself_o and_o truth_n cluverius_n and_o bertius_n be_v exceed_o displease_v with_o that_o universal_a humour_n of_o latin_a who_o mention_v this_o country_n of_o render_v mecklenburg_n by_o megalopolis_n or_o megapolis_n and_o the_o mecklenburger_n by_o megapolitani_n such_o etymologist_n as_o these_o say_v cluver_n be_v but_o novice_n in_o the_o german_a tongue_n for_o the_o word_n mecklenburg_n be_v not_o as_o they_o imagine_v derive_v from_o the_o old_a saxon_a word_n micle_n or_o mickel_n ordinary_o meet_v with_o in_o our_o ancient_a english-saxon_a monument_n and_o still_o use_v in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n but_o from_o the_o dutch_a verb_n mecklen_n whence_o meckler_n which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o all_o the_o northern_a german_n that_o inhabit_v the_o seacoast_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o proxineta_n pararius_n a_o broker_n so_o that_o mecklenburg_n have_v not_o its_o name_n as_o megalopolis_n in_o arcadia_n from_o the_o vastness_n of_o its_o extent_n although_o lindebergius_n report_v it_o to_o have_v be_v above_o eight_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n and_o twenty_o in_o circumference_n but_o from_o the_o great_a resort_n of_o merchant_n to_o this_o place_n for_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o these_o part_n and_o the_o seat_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v of_o bilunaus_n misilaus_n mistevus_n pribislaus_n and_o several_a other_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o vandal_n we_o may_v reasonable_o conclude_v that_o all_o foreign_a merchant_n who_o probable_o be_v not_o very_o numerous_a that_o trade_v in_o this_o part_n of_o germany_n keep_v their_o factor_n and_o broker_n at_o this_o city_n the_o whole_a dukedom_n of_o mecklenburg_n subject_a to_o the_o two_o duke_n of_o gustrow_n and_o swerin_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o pomeren_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o baltic_a sea_n bound_n bound_n on_o the_o west_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n and_o saxon-lauwenburg_a and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n the_o country_n have_v more_o in_o it_o of_o profit_n then_o pleasure_n commodity_n commodity_n be_v plentiful_o stock_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o corn_n and_o fruit_n especial_o apple_n and_o well_o store_v with_o fowl_n and_o fish_n but_o situate_v in_o a_o air_n very_o unwholesome_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o intolerable_o sharp_a and_o cold_a in_o the_o winter_n beside_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o river_n everywhere_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o this_o dukedom_n their_o lake_n many_o of_o which_o be_v very_o large_a afford_v they_o good_a store_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o fresh_a fish_n insomuch_o that_o at_o the_o marriage-feast_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg-swerin_a with_o helen_n daughter_n to_o the_o elector_n palatine_n be_v serve_v up_o to_o the_o table_n five_o thousand_o bream_n all_o of_o which_o be_v fresh_a and_o new_o take_v out_o of_o the_o great_a lake_n near_o swerin_n some_o romantic_a genealogist_n have_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v down_o the_o line_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n from_o some_o of_o alexander_n the_o great_a be_v general_n government_n government_n the_o first_o original_n of_o which_o fancy_n spring_v from_o the_o duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n bear_v a_o horse_n head_n which_o these_o herald_n be_v please_v to_o call_v the_o head_n of_o bucephalus_n in_o their_o eschutceon_n and_o indeed_o the_o generality_n of_o german_a antiquary_n fetth_v their_o pedigree_n from_o anthyrius_n the_o forementioned_a founder_n of_o the_o city_n of_o mecklenburg_n who_o they_o unanimous_o report_v to_o have_v live_v in_o the_o day_n of_o
six_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n judicature_n court_n of_o judicature_n for_o the_o examination_n and_o trial_n of_o case_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a in_o the_o elector_n dominion_n 1._o at_o coen_n on_o the_o spree_n or_o in_o the_o elector_n palace_n at_o berlin_n 2._o at_o colberg_n in_o pomeren_n 3._o cleve_n 4._o halberstadt_n 5._o petershagh_n where_o all_o cause_n depend_v between_o any_o of_o the_o elector_n subject_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o minden_n be_v bring_v to_o trial_n 6._o konigsberg_n in_o prussia_n to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v the_o court_n of_o magdeburg_n since_o that_o archbishopric_n be_v now_o fall_v into_o the_o elector_n hand_n but_o of_o this_o more_o hereafter_o the_o whole_a marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n strict_o so_o call_v be_v common_o divide_v into_o the_o alt_z mittel_v neve_o and_o vcker-marck_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o prignitz_n and_o sternberg_n but_o take_v prignitz_n and_o vcker-marck_n into_o the_o middle_a and_o sternberg_n into_o the_o new_a we_o may_v include_v they_o all_o under_o the_o three_o follow_a head_n altmarck_n first_o altmarck_n or_o the_o old_a marquisate_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklenburg_n on_o the_o west_n with_o saxon-lawenburg_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburg_n territory_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o middle_a marck_n contain_v about_o thirty_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n or_o breadth_n some_o author_n for_o the_o plenty_n it_o afford_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o herb_n and_o fruit_n have_v be_v please_v to_o call_v it_o the_o galilee_n of_o germany_n it_o be_v common_o subdivide_v into_o four_o petty_a province_n whereof_o that_o on_o the_o east_n call_v das_n balsamerland_n or_o ostland_n contain_v stendal_n arneburg_n the_o city_n and_o county_n of_o osterburg_n with_o some_o other_o town_n of_o note_n on_o the_o south_n lie_v die_v langer_n or_o das_n angerland_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n anger_n towards_o the_o west_n das_n land_n zu_fw-ge zermund_n in_o which_o be_v situate_a the_o ancient_a city_n soltwedel_n and_o last_o das_n senland_n on_o the_o north_n suppose_v to_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o senones_n who_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n the_o most_o considerable_a city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o the_o old_a marck_n be_v 1._o stendal_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o province_n stendal_n stendal_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n vcht_v about_o five_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o the_o elb_n and_o angermund_n in_o a_o pleasant_a plain_a and_o at_o the_o side_n of_o a_o large_a forest_n it_o be_v build_v by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o first_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 920_o and_o afterward_o fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o bulwark_n by_o marquis_n albert_n surname_v vrsus_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1150._o in_o this_o neat_a and_o well-built_a hans-town_n be_v keep_v the_o ordinary_a quarter-session_n for_o decision_n of_o all_o law-suit_n in_o the_o old_a marck_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v in_o corn_n and_o linen_n cloth_n with_o which_o and_o the_o daily_a opportunity_n of_o entertain_v passenger_n that_o travel_v this_o road_n from_o hamburg_n and_o lubec_n towards_o magdeburg_n erfurt_n etc._n etc._n they_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o live_v handsome_o marchia_n vetus_fw-la vulgo_fw-la alte_fw-la marck_n in_o march_n brandenburgico_fw-la to_o the_o r._n t_o wor._n ll_o ralph_n macro_n m._n d._n r_o this_o plate_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o moses_n pitt_n marchia_n media_fw-la vulgo_fw-la midle_n marck_n in_o brandenburg_n je_n ne_fw-fr search_v quâ—_n to_o the_o r._n t_o hon._n t_o james_n earl_n of_o northampton_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o m._n pitt_n 3._o gardleben_n gardleben_n gardleben_n some_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o this_o town_n be_v isoburgum_n from_o the_o image_n of_o isis_n here_o worship_v other_o believe_v it_o be_v isernburg_n and_o so_o call_v from_o its_o impregnable_a strength_n that_o name_n signify_v proper_o a_o city_n of_o iron_n the_o neighbour_a old_a fort_n call_v still_o by_o its_o ancient_a wendish_n name_n iseren_n schnippe_n i._n e._n iron_n jaw_n give_v occasion_n to_o both_o these_o opinion_n which_o be_v pure_o conjectural_a and_o be_v neither_o countenance_v by_o antiquity_n nor_o probability_n but_o omit_v these_o fancy_n with_o that_o of_o other_o author_n equal_o impertinent_a who_o write_v the_o gardelegia_fw-la and_o fetch_v its_o etymology_n from_o gardalegionum_fw-la or_o custodia_fw-la legionum_fw-la because_o forsooth_o claudius_n drusus_n quarter_v some_o of_o his_o soldier_n here_o as_o well_o as_o at_o soltwedel_n it_o be_v most_o likely_a this_o city_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o multitude_n of_o pleasant_a garden_n among_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v the_o beer_n brew_v in_o this_o town_n be_v famous_a all_o germany_n over_o and_o reckon_v among_o the_o great_a blessing_n of_o the_o old_a marck_n henry_n meibonius_fw-la a_o professor_n in_o helmstadt_n whither_o great_a quantity_n of_o this_o liquor_n be_v ordinary_o convey_v have_v write_v a_o panegyric_n in_o commendation_n of_o it_o another_o great_a commodity_n of_o the_o town_n be_v hops_n which_o be_v prefer_v by_o the_o danish_a merchant_n and_o other_o before_o the_o best_a in_o germany_n and_o buy_v up_o at_o a_o high_a rate_n the_o arm_n of_o the_o city_n be_v three_o hop-pole_n lade_v with_o hops_n iv_o angermund_n angermund_n angermund_n or_o tangermund_n seat_v as_o the_o name_n intimate_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n anger_n or_o tanger_n about_o thirty_o english_a mile_n from_o magdeburg_n the_o emperor_n charles_n iv_o have_v buy_v the_o whole_a marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n build_v the_o castle_n of_o angermund_n in_o the_o year_n 1376_o make_v this_o the_o usual_a place_n of_o his_o residence_n for_o some_o year_n after_o the_o citizen_n have_v a_o considerable_a trade_n from_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o elb_n by_o which_o their_o corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n be_v convey_v in_o vessel_n down_o to_o hamburg_n and_o thence_o into_o foreign_a nation_n other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n be_v 1._o seehusen_n or_o senheusen_n as_o some_o write_v it_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n alant_fw-la and_o false_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o the_o senones_n who_o be_v indeed_o a_o gaulish_a people_n and_o never_o inhabit_v these_o part_n 2._o osterburg_n a_o great_a corn-market_n 3._o werben_fw-ge seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o river_n elb_n and_o havel_n build_v by_o henry_n surname_v the_o fowler_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a castellum_n vari_n gustavus_n adolphus_n fancy_v this_o place_n capable_a of_o be_v make_v the_o strong_a fort_n in_o germany_n and_o himself_o contribute_v so_o far_o towards_o its_o fortification_n as_o to_o cause_v that_o castle_n to_o be_v build_v which_o now_o command_v the_o whole_a town_n 4._o havelberg_n ancient_o a_o bishop_n see_n 5._o perleberg_n the_o chief_a town_n in_o prignitz_n seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a plain_n arneburg_n wittenberg_n bismarcht_v schnakenburg_n with_o some_o other_o be_v village_n rather_o than_o great_a to_n ii_o middle-marck_n middle-marck_n as_o its_o name_n intimate_v be_v situate_a in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n it_o be_v the_o large_a of_o the_o three_o and_o reach_v from_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o elb_n to_o the_o other_o about_o a_o hundred_o english_a mile_n the_o chief_a town_n in_o it_o be_v i._o brandenburg_n which_o brandenburg_n brandenburg_n though_o at_o present_a far_o inferior_a to_o many_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n well_o merit_v the_o preeminence_n as_o have_v be_v former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n and_o to_o this_o day_n give_v name_n to_o the_o marquisate_n some_o of_o the_o german_a historian_n endeavour_v to_o persuade_v we_o that_o it_o be_v build_v 416_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n by_o one_o brenno_n a_o famous_a captain_n of_o the_o semnones_n other_o more_o modest_o fetch_v its_o original_n and_o name_n from_o one_o brando_n who_o as_o they_o tell_v the_o story_n first_o build_v this_o city_n about_o the_o year_n 230._o at_o present_v the_o town_n be_v considerable_a for_o little_a but_o its_o age_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n will_v be_v put_v to_o a_o hard_a shift_n to_o pick_v up_o a_o livelihood_n if_o the_o neighbour_a lake_n about_o ten_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n do_v not_o supply_v they_o with_o good_a store_n of_o fish_n in_o the_o great_a church_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o monument_n and_o sepulcher_n of_o prince_n and_o bishop_n and_o in_o the_o marketplace_n a_o statue_n rolandina_n of_o which_o last_o we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o short_a account_n ii_o berlin_n berlin_n berlin_n angelius_n a_o
the_o reader_n for_o the_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la find_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n reichenbach_n polckenhahn_n landeshut_n freyberg_n friedberg_n fridland_n zobten_n waldberg_n and_o gottesberg_n 3._o brieg_n brieg_n brieg_n or_o brig_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o polish_v word_n berega_n which_o signify_v a_o exceed_a high_a bank_n of_o a_o river_n such_o as_o this_o city_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o street_n here_o be_v uniform_a enough_o and_o the_o house_n general_o build_v of_o stone_n st._n nicholas_n church_n be_v a_o high_a and_o stately_a old_a fabric_n beautify_v with_o two_o tower_n and_o build_v after_o the_o ancient_a franckish_a mode_n this_o whole_a city_n except_v only_o some_o few_o public_a building_n be_v lay_v in_o ash_n by_o the_o hussites_n who_o overrun_v a_o great_a part_n of_o bohemia_n and_o silesia_n in_o the_o year_n 1428._o in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brieg_n be_v reckon_v the_o town_n of_o strelen_n olau_n nimptsch_n pitschen_n creutzburg_n loben_n michelau_n and_o little_a oelsse_n the_o two_o mine-town_n of_o reichenstein_n and_o silberberg_n be_v joint_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o brieg_n and_o lignitz_n who_o be_v both_o of_o the_o same_o family_n and_o descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a hereditary_a king_n of_o poland_n 4._o monsterberg_n monsterberg_n monsterberg_n or_o munsterberg_n so_o call_v from_o the_o monastery_n build_v in_o this_o place_n by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n be_v seat_v not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o river_n ola_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a plain_n the_o town_n be_v neither_o large_a nor_o strong_a and_o have_v nothing_o in_o it_o of_o note_n but_o the_o school_n a_o old_a castle_n and_o a_o fair_a town-hall_n in_o this_o dukedom_n be_v the_o town_n of_o franckenstein_n and_o warta_n to_o which_o some_o historian_n and_o geographer_n be_v please_v to_o add_v hainrichau_n tepliwoda_n and_o kamentz_n 5._o oppelen_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o sandy_a and_o dry_a oppelen_n oppelen_n but_o fruitful_a country_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o prevail_v with_o the_o emperor_n to_o withdraw_v all_o his_o force_n and_o subject_n hence_o in_o the_o year_n 1647._o since_o which_o time_n the_o citizen_n of_o oppelen_n and_o all_o the_o rustic_n in_o the_o village_n near_o it_o speak_v the_o polish_v language_n if_o strong_a gate_n and_o thick_a wall_n be_v proof_n against_o modern_a siege_n this_o town_n be_v sufficient_o provide_v against_o the_o assault_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o otherwise_o its_o fortification_n be_v very_o mean_a and_o inconsiderable_a among_o the_o many_o town_n and_o village_n in_o this_o dukedom_n the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v little_a glogaw_n neustat_n kosel_n beudten_n gleibitz_fw-fr tost_n strehlitz_n falckenberg_n zultz_n rosenberg_n lublinitz_n and_o schurgast_n ix_o the_o city_n and_o dukedom_n of_o grotkaw_n jegerndorf_n troppau_n ratibor_n and_o teschen_n crotkaw_n be_v a_o city_n of_o no_o great_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bulk_n as_o its_o name_n seem_v to_o intimate_v but_o so_o well_o seat_v that_o it_o be_v a_o proverb_n in_o this_o country_n it_o be_v as_o impossible_a as_o for_o a_o grotkawer_n to_o starve_v or_o freeze_v the_o reason_n of_o which_o expression_n be_v ground_v upon_o each_o burger_n have_v a_o plentiful_a share_n in_o the_o adjacent_a cornfield_n and_o neighbour_a wood_n most_o of_o the_o house_n in_o the_o town_n be_v wood-building_n only_o the_o church_n bishop_n palace_n and_o the_o town-hall_n be_v of_o stone_n the_o dukedom_n of_o grotkaw_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n though_o sometime_o its_o lieutenant_n be_v a_o polander_n and_o contain_v in_o it_o the_o city_n of_o neisse_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n otmachau_n wansen_n ziegenhals_n freywald_n hozenplotz_n jawernick_n kaltenstein_n patschkau_n oy_a weidau_n and_o zackmantel_n the_o great_a trade_n of_o this_o country_n especial_o the_o citizen_n of_o neisse_n be_v in_o make_v and_o sell_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o bohemia_n and_o poland_n a_o sort_n of_o strong_a and_o durable_a linnen-cloth_n for_o bed_n and_o bolster_n 2._o jagerndorf_n jagerndorf_n jagerndorf_n which_o signify_v in_o the_o german_a language_n a_o village_n inhabit_v by_o huntsman_n and_o have_v its_o name_n probable_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o game_n in_o the_o neighbour_a wood_n the_o moravian_o call_v this_o town_n carnowf_n whence_o the_o dukedom_n be_v ordinary_o by_o latin_a author_n name_v ducatus_fw-la carnoviensis_fw-la and_o a_o citizen_n of_o this_o place_n carnowfsky_n from_o the_o ancient_a arm_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v a_o pair_n of_o horn_n between_o two_o great_a stone_n this_o city_n with_o the_o small_a dukedom_n which_o bear_v its_o name_n be_v give_v by_o ludowic_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n to_o george_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o build_v the_o castle_n and_o erect_v the_o other_o little_a fortification_n that_o defend_v the_o town_n ducatus_fw-la silesiae_fw-la grotganus_fw-la cum_fw-la districtu_fw-la episcopali_fw-la nissensi_fw-la to_o john_n nicholls_n esq_n of_o trewane_n in_o cornwall_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o moses_n pitt_n notularum_fw-la explicatio_fw-la vrbs_fw-la arx_n pagus_n cum_fw-la templo_fw-la pagus_n nobilis_fw-la pagus_n episcopalis_fw-la commenda_fw-la comitatus_fw-la glatz_n notae_fw-la vrbs_fw-la oppidum_n pagus_n cum_fw-la templo_fw-la vicus_n arx_n auri_fw-la et_fw-fr argenti_fw-la fordinae_fw-la mons_fw-la notabilis_fw-la kohloruben_n holtz_n fluesse_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o and_o all_o other_o town_n and_o village_n in_o the_o dukedom_n observe_v the_o same_o law_n with_o the_o moravian_o for_o which_o reason_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o associate_v themselves_o to_o the_o marquisate_n of_o moravia_n and_o renounce_v all_o dependence_n upon_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o silesia_n but_o have_v always_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o citizen_n of_o troppau_n who_o have_v still_o be_v zealous_a to_o continue_v member_n of_o their_o ancient_a body_n 4._o ratibor_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a plain_a about_o six_o german_a mile_n from_o oppelen_n we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o it_o before_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1164_o so_o that_o most_o geographer_n venture_v to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v build_v about_o that_o time_n the_o private_a dwell_a house_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o silesia_n general_o wooden_a building_n but_o the_o duke_n palace_n cathedral_n and_o some_o other_o public_a building_n be_v of_o stone_n there_o be_v still_o in_o the_o city_n one_o popish_a monastery_n and_o former_o the_o jesuit_n have_v a_o great_a foot_n in_o it_o but_o since_o the_o reformation_n that_o sort_n of_o cattle_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o harbour_n the_o dukedom_n of_o ratibor_n which_o contain_v the_o town_n of_o oderberg_n sora_n ribenick_n pilzowitz_n and_o mieslowitz_n be_v former_o govern_v by_o a_o duke_n of_o its_o own_o but_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o duke_n valentinus_n its_o last_a prince_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o the_o year_n 1516_o it_o become_v more_o immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n 5._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d teschen_n or_o tessin_n be_v one_o of_o the_o old_a city_n in_o silesia_n say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o cessimir_n or_o gessimir_n son_n of_o lescus_n iii_o duke_n of_o poland_n a._n d._n 810_o and_o from_o he_o to_o have_v have_v its_o first_o name_n which_o have_v since_o be_v corrupt_v into_o tessin_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o silesia_n moravia_n poland_n and_o hungary_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o its_o citizen_n speak_v a_o medley_n of_o language_n hardly_o intelligible_a to_o any_o but_o themselves_o they_o have_v here_o great_a store_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o venison_n and_o wild_a fowl_n the_o vistula_n and_o elsa_n afford_v they_o plenty_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o hungarian_a merchant_n bring_v they_o in_o daily_o vast_a quantity_n of_o wine_n fruit_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n at_o one_o of_o their_o church_n they_o have_v weekly_o divine_a service_n and_o a_o sermon_n in_o the_o bohemian_a language_n and_o at_o another_o the_o like_a in_o high_a dutch_a for_o of_o these_o two_o nation_n the_o burgher_n chief_o consist_v here_o be_v brew_v beer_n of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o with_o wheat_n and_o the_o other_o with_o ordinary_a barley_n malt_n the_o latter_a of_o these_o they_o call_v matznotz_n a_o sort_n of_o drink_n pleasant_a enough_o but_o mighty_a strong_a and_o heady_a which_o too_o often_o on_o their_o market-day_n make_v the_o poor_a rustic_n commit_v several_a outrage_n and_o disorder_n in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o jollity_n in_o this_o dukedom_n there_o be_v several_a high_a mountain_n whereof_o two_o row_v be_v more_o especial_o remarkable_a and_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o geographer_n and_o historian_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v those_o on_o the_o
german_a mahren_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o great_a river_n mahr_n marck_n or_o march_v which_o pass_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v in_o some_o of_o the_o manuscript_n copy_n of_o pliny_n work_n name_v morus_n now_o the_o word_n march_n or_o marck_n signify_v as_o we_o have_v acquaint_v the_o reader_n in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n the_o utmost_a bound_n or_o limit_n of_o a_o country_n such_o as_o in_o all_o probability_n this_o river_n be_v of_o the_o ancient_a german_a nation_n hence_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n get_v the_o name_n of_o the_o marcomanni_n for_o so_o the_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v write_v with_o a_o double_a n_o notwithstanding_o the_o greek_a author_n write_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o be_v borderer_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o silesian_n county_n of_o teschen_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o bohemia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o arch-dukedom_n of_o austria_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o silesian_n dukedom_n of_o grotkau_n troppau_n and_o the_o county_n of_o glatz_n it_o be_v whole_a length_n be_v think_v to_o be_v about_o one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o english_a mile_n and_o the_o breadth_n of_o it_o above_o fourscore_o the_o better_a half_n of_o the_o country_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o north_n and_o west_n be_v hardly_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o a_o continue_a wilderness_n consist_v of_o nothing_o but_o huge_a mountain_n and_o uninhabitable_a wood_n and_o forest_n but_o towards_o austria_n and_o hungary_n the_o case_n be_v much_o alter_v you_o may_v here_o meet_v with_o as_o fair_a field_n and_o as_o many_o town_n and_o village_n as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n the_o water_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v find_v in_o several_a pit_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n be_v in_o many_o place_n poysonnous_a and_o pestilential_a water_n water_n which_o be_v think_v to_o proceed_v from_o a_o sort_n of_o tartar_n or_o mix_v mineral_n make_v up_o chief_o of_o lime_n and_o niter_n which_o infect_v not_o only_o the_o water_n that_o pass_v through_o it_o but_o give_v a_o tincture_n to_o the_o corn_n vines_n fruit-tree_n and_o all_o other_o vegetable_n that_o grow_v near_o it_o hence_o come_v the_o epidemical_a distemper_n of_o this_o marquisate_n which_o be_v reckon_v up_o by_o one_o of_o its_o own_o poet_n in_o the_o follow_a verse_n his_o sunt_fw-la moraviae_n capitales_fw-la corporis_fw-la host_n calculus_fw-la arthridis_n colicus_fw-la dolour_n atque_fw-la caducus_fw-la his_o hypochondriacum_n quintum_fw-la annumerare_fw-la licebit_fw-la but_o nature_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v make_v recompense_n for_o these_o inconvenience_n in_o provide_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o marquisate_n several_a rich_a medicinal_a fountain_n which_o bring_v present_a relief_n not_o only_o to_o all_o person_n grieve_v with_o the_o forementioned_a disease_n but_o ready_o cure_v almost_o all_o other_o distemper_n and_o malady_n incident_a to_o man_n body_n of_o these_o fountain_n and_o their_o incomparable_a virtue_n there_o have_v a_o very_a good_a account_n be_v give_v by_o thomas_n jordan_n a_o moravian_n physician_n in_o his_o commentarius_fw-la de_fw-la aquis_fw-la medicatis_fw-la moraviae_n print_v at_o francfurt_n in_o the_o year_n 1586._o since_o which_o time_n there_o have_v be_v some_o other_o medicinal_a water_n and_o bath_n discover_v in_o moravia_n and_o learned_o treat_v on_o by_o johannes_n ferdinand_n herdot_n another_o famous_a physician_n of_o that_o country_n in_o a_o book_n of_o his_o late_o publish_v and_o entitle_v tartaro-mastix_a moraviae_n other_o fountain_n there_o be_v especial_o near_o nezdanicz_n zahorawitz_n and_o zucholacz_n three_o village_n not_o far_o from_o hunnobrod_n which_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o salt_n and_o acid_a taste_n the_o water_n whereof_o be_v exceed_v pleasant_a and_o wholesome_a the_o two_o chief_a river_n of_o the_o country_n be_v rivers_n rivers_n 1._o moraw_v which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a marquisate_n it_o spring_v in_o the_o county_n of_o glatz_n not_o above_o a_o measure_a english_a mile_n beyond_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o moravia_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o which_o comenius_n in_o his_o map_n of_o this_o country_n have_v venture_v to_o bring_v it_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o river_n which_o run_v through_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o marquisate_n most_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o moravia_n be_v seat_v 2._o teya_n which_o spring_v out_o of_o two_o fountain_n the_o one_o in_o austria_n the_o other_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o bohemia_n it_o receive_v into_o its_o channel_n igla_n schwarta_n and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o petty_a rivulet_n and_o be_v at_o last_o swallow_v up_o itself_o by_o the_o moraw_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o austria_n these_o river_n afford_v great_a store_n of_o trout_n crevice_n barbel_n eel_n jack_n perch_n and_o many_o other_o sort_n of_o fresh_a fish_n all_o the_o nation_n round_o about_o moravia_n will_v witness_v commodity_n commodity_n that_o it_o afford_v plenty_n enough_o and_o to_o spare_v of_o wheat_n rye_n barley_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n they_o have_v store_n of_o red_a and_o white_a wine_n which_o grow_v as_o plentiful_o in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o marquisate_n as_o in_o austria_n they_o have_v good_a breed_v of_o horse_n ox_n sheep_n and_o goat_n but_o the_o land_n which_o some_o attribute_n to_o the_o extraordinary_a sharpness_n of_o the_o air_n breed_v neither_o ass_n camel_n nor_o mule_n the_o wood_n abound_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o wild_a beast_n that_o bear_v fur_n as_o wolf_n hare_n fox_n mart_n beaver_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v one_o kind_n of_o beast_n almost_o peculiar_a to_o the_o moravian_n forest_n which_o they_o call_v rysowe_o and_o we_o may_v english_a it_o a_o panther_n or_o leopard_n it_o be_v about_o the_o height_n of_o a_o ordinary_a cur-dog_n but_o much_o thick_a in_o the_o body_n it_o be_v belly_n and_o foot_n be_v spot_v and_o it_o prey_v upon_o deer_n and_o other_o beast_n of_o the_o forest_n who_o it_o catch_v by_o a_o sudden_a pitch_v upon_o they_o from_o the_o top_n of_o some_o rock_n or_o tree_n daubravius_n myrrh_n moravian_n myrrh_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o history_n of_o bohemia_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v a_o strange_a kind_n of_o frankincense_n and_o myrrh_n in_o moravia_n which_o grow_v not_o here_o as_o in_o arabia_n upon_o tree_n but_o be_v dug_n out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o shall_v have_v be_v apt_a to_o have_v call_v this_o myrrh_n mummy_n if_o it_o answer_v the_o description_n he_o give_v of_o it_o which_o because_o it_o be_v something_o extraordinary_a and_o uncouth_a i_o shall_v give_v it_o the_o reader_n in_o his_o own_o word_n hoc_fw-la vero_fw-la say_v he_o jam_fw-la mirabitur_fw-la aliquis_fw-la &_o est_fw-la profecto_fw-la admiratione_n dignum_fw-la inveniri_fw-la in_o moravia_n thus_o &_o myrrham_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la arbore_fw-la desudante_fw-la ut_fw-la alibi_fw-la lectam_fw-la sed_fw-la e_fw-la solo_fw-la terrae_fw-la erutam_fw-la uno_fw-la tantum_fw-la diu_fw-la in_o loco_fw-la cvi_fw-la gradisco_n nomen_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la ad_fw-la hunc_fw-la diem_fw-la thus_o non_fw-la solum_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la masculum_fw-la vocant_fw-la a_o similitudine_fw-la testium_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la alia_fw-la praeterea_fw-la virorum_fw-la mulierumque_fw-la membra_fw-la ostentat_fw-la effoditur_fw-la nay_o for_o fear_v this_o shall_v be_v think_v too_o strange_a and_o incredible_a a_o story_n to_o be_v believe_v he_o tell_v we_o yet_o further_o upon_o his_o certain_a knowledge_n nuper_fw-la autem_fw-la wenceslaus_n vetere_fw-la procerum_fw-la familia_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la a_o quercu_fw-la cognominantur_fw-la clarus_fw-la dum_fw-la in_o agro_fw-la svo_fw-la sternbergensi_fw-la fundamenta_fw-la aggeri_fw-la piscinario_n moliretur_fw-la corpus_fw-la hominis_fw-la integrum_fw-la invenit_fw-la quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la nisi_fw-la myrrah_n erat_fw-la quam_fw-la ille_fw-la per_fw-la amicos_fw-la distributam_fw-la nostri_fw-la quoque_fw-la etiam_fw-la tum_fw-la privati_fw-la memor_fw-la nos_fw-la plus_fw-la media_fw-la parte_fw-la lacerti_fw-la humani_fw-la donavit_fw-la quo_fw-la aliquoties_fw-la pro_fw-la suffitu_fw-la usi_fw-la sumus_fw-la this_o latter_a account_n which_o he_o give_v we_o of_o his_o moravian_n myrrh_n agree_v something_o with_o the_o description_n give_v by_o several_a botanist_n of_o the_o mandrake_n but_o the_o learned_a hertod_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o tartaro-mastix_a moraviae_n remove_v this_o scruple_n by_o tell_v we_o sic_fw-la infans_fw-la ante_fw-la annos_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la a_o fossoribus_fw-la in_fw-la fodinis_fw-la aluminis_fw-la prope_fw-la czernam_fw-la horam_n inventus_fw-la totus_fw-la myrrhatus_fw-la hunc_fw-la fossores_fw-la patribus_fw-la carthusianis_fw-la prope_fw-la brunam_fw-la triginta_fw-la aliquot_fw-la taleris_fw-la vendidisse_fw-la &_o high_a postea_fw-la eundum_fw-la ad_fw-la magnam_fw-la svam_fw-la carthusiam_fw-la in_o galliam_n remississe_fw-la tandemque_fw-la eodem_fw-la dono_fw-la
regem_fw-la honorasse_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la from_o all_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v something_o extraordinary_a in_o this_o myrrh_n or_o call_v it_o what_o else_o you_o please_v which_o well_o merit_v the_o view_n and_o study_v of_o a_o curious_a physiologist_n the_o country_n rustic_n believe_v there_o be_v this_o strange_a virtue_n in_o this_o mineral_n for_o so_o i_o think_v i_o may_v venture_v to_o name_v it_o that_o it_o put_v to_o flight_v all_o manner_n of_o serpent_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n that_o old_a serpent_n the_o devil_n aeneas_n silvius_n who_o for_o have_v pen_v so_o many_o true_a story_n be_v at_o last_o judge_v fit_a to_o sit_v in_o st._n peter_n chair_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o become_v a_o infallible_a pope_n call_v the_o moravian_o gentem_fw-la ferocem_fw-la &_o rapinarum_fw-la avidam_fw-la ut_fw-la quae_fw-la tum_fw-la iter_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la armato_fw-it potentiorique_n praebeat_fw-la and_o most_o traveler_n brand_v their_o barbarous_a inhumanity_n or_o at_o least_o incivility_n to_o stranger_n the_o hanak_n especial_o or_o boar_n that_o live_v along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n hana_n be_v say_v to_o be_v notorious_o guilty_a of_o this_o crime_n but_o these_o be_v by_o the_o gentile_a sort_n of_o moravian_o themselves_z contemn_v and_o scout_v as_o a_o pack_n of_o barbarous_a and_o ill_o breed_v lowt_n the_o true_a character_n of_o the_o moravian_o in_o general_n be_v that_o they_o be_v man_n of_o exemplary_a obedience_n and_o fidelity_n to_o their_o governor_n free_a and_o open_a in_o conversation_n and_o therefore_o apt_a to_o be_v deceive_v then_o to_o impose_v upon_o they_o be_v not_o easy_o provoke_v to_o be_v angry_a but_o when_o once_o enrage_v hardly_o appease_v not_o guilty_a of_o too_o much_o wit_n in_o discourse_n but_o rational_a enough_o hardy_a in_o the_o camp_n and_o valiant_a in_o fight_n faithful_a observer_n of_o their_o promise_n and_o compact_n and_o abhorrer_n of_o baseness_n and_o meanness_n of_o spirit_n they_o be_v indeed_o too_o apt_a to_o give_v credit_n to_o old_a prophecy_n a_o folly_n observe_v in_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o our_o own_o island_n and_o a_o little_a give_v to_o drink_v and_o carouse_v but_o be_v not_o so_o superstitious_a nor_o so_o great_a drunkard_n as_o they_o be_v represent_v to_o be_v by_o the_o satirical_a pen_n of_o some_o geographer_n their_o language_n i_o mean_v that_o which_o be_v ordinary_o speak_v by_o the_o country-rusticks_a langâ—â—â—â—_n langâ—â—â—â—_n for_o the_o nobility_n and_o citizen_n speak_v general_o high_a dutch_a be_v a_o dialect_n of_o slavonian_a and_o little_a different_a from_o the_o bohemian_a of_o which_o more_o anon_o the_o moravian_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v first_o convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o st._n cyril_n and_o meludius_n religâ—â—â—â—_n religâ—â—â—â—_n assist_v by_o some_o other_o pious_a doctor_n and_o father_n of_o the_o church_n soon_o after_o the_o reformation_n have_v be_v set_v on_o foot_n in_o bohemia_n by_o john_n huss_n a_o good_a part_n of_o moravia_n begin_v to_o throw_v off_o the_o pope_n yoke_n and_o to_o profess_v the_o pure_a and_o undefiled_a religion_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n and_o apostle_n but_o john_n de_fw-fr praga_n at_o that_o time_n bishop_n of_o olmitz_n and_o afterward_o cardinal_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n so_o vigorous_o oppose_v the_o endeavour_n of_o all_o that_o labour_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o reformation_n in_o this_o marquisate_n that_o during_o his_o time_n it_o never_o get_v any_o deep_a root_n afterward_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o george_n vladislaus_n and_o ludowic_n king_n of_o bohemia_n popish_a idolatry_n and_o superstition_n be_v whole_o extirpate_v and_o the_o reform_a religion_n unanimous_o profess_v in_o all_o the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n of_o moravia_n but_o to_o see_v the_o unhappy_a consequent_n of_o toleration_n and_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o synod_n at_o s._n brinn_n which_o meet_v in_o the_o year_n 1608_o to_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o religion_n have_v make_v this_o edict_n ut_fw-la liceret_fw-la omnibus_fw-la credere_fw-la prout_fw-la cuique_fw-la deus_fw-la that_fw-mi cognoscere_fw-la i.e._n that_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v power_n and_o licence_n to_o regulate_v his_o faith_n according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o knowledge_n which_o god_n have_v give_v he_o each_o cobbler_n set_v up_o for_o a_o preacher_n of_o the_o word_n and_o a_o expounder_n of_o scripture_n whereupon_o the_o church_n be_v immediate_o confound_v and_o break_v into_o a_o irreconcilable_a medley_n and_o hotchpotch_n of_o sect_n and_o schismatic_n hussites_n picard_n anabaptist_n arrian_n flaccian_o trinitarian_n photinian_o lutheran_n calvinist_n dulcian_n lugentians_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o no_o less_o than_o fourteen_o several_a conventicle_n have_v assemble_v themselves_o in_o one_o city_n each_o of_o they_o assert_v peculiar_a doctrine_n and_o tenet_n of_o their_o own_o and_o deny_v all_o manner_n of_o communion_n in_o church-ordinance_n with_o the_o other_o thirteen_o now_o what_o can_v be_v expect_v from_o this_o anarchy_n in_o the_o reformation_n but_o the_o reestablishment_n of_o popery_n which_o according_o happen_v for_o soon_o after_o frideric_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n force_n be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n ii_o at_o prague_n in_o the_o year_n 1620_o francis_n cardinal_n of_o districhstein_n and_o bishop_n of_o olmitz_n find_v it_o a_o very_a easy_a matter_n to_o root_v out_o the_o divide_a and_o mutinous_a member_n of_o the_o reform_a church_n and_o to_o replant_v his_o own_o doctrine_n and_o church-discipline_n after_o which_o some_o scatter_a parcel_n of_o the_o reform_a party_n lay_v skulk_a among_o the_o rock_n and_o mountain_n on_o the_o border_n of_o silesia_n for_o some_o year_n but_o dare_v never_o appear_v in_o public_a and_o within_o a_o while_n after_o dwindle_v into_o nothing_o the_o king_n of_o moravia_n for_o it_o be_v ancient_o a_o kingdom_n be_v once_o the_o great_a potentate_n in_o this_o part_n of_o europe_n have_v for_o some_o time_n under_o their_o subjection_n the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n and_o poland_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 700_o zuantacop_fw-mi king_n of_o moravia_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n lord_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bohemia_n poland_n and_o silesia_n refuse_v to_o pay_v tribute_n or_o homage_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n who_o fall_v in_o upon_o his_o country_n to_o demand_v satisfaction_n for_o this_o insolence_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o dishonourable_a retreat_n but_o resolve_v not_o to_o endure_v this_o disgrace_n he_o rally_v up_o his_o scatter_a force_n and_o call_v in_o to_o his_o assistance_n the_o hungarian_n a_o infidel_n people_n who_o before_o that_o time_n be_v awe_v by_o the_o moravian_o and_o keep_v from_o commit_v any_o outrage_n upon_o the_o christian-country_n by_o the_o help_n of_o these_o heathen_n the_o emperor_n rout_v zuantacop_n army_n force_v he_o to_o fly_v for_o shelter_n into_o the_o neighbour_a wood_n where_o he_o associate_v himself_o to_o a_o hermit_n with_o who_o he_o spend_v the_o residue_n of_o his_o day_n by_o this_o mean_v bohemia_n moravia_n and_o silesia_n come_v to_o be_v disunite_v and_o parcele_v into_o four_o different_a dukedom_n which_o be_v reckon_v so_o many_o province_n of_o the_o roman_a or_o german_a empire_n some_o age_n after_o the_o dukedom_n of_o moravia_n degenerate_v into_o a_o marquisate_n which_o name_n it_o still_o retain_v although_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n immediate_o fubject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n and_o the_o rest_n break_v into_o a_o few_o petty_a barony_n and_o lordship_n the_o chief_a city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o moravia_n olmitz_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o olomutium_fw-la which_o ortelius_n with_o who_o agree_v stephanus_n and_o bertius_n fancy_n to_o be_v the_o same_o place_n with_o ptolomy_n eburum_fw-la be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o moravia_n and_o the_o only_a bishop_n see_v in_o the_o marquisate_n it_o be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o neat_o and_o well_o build_v and_o seat_v in_o a_o convenient_a place_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n morawa_n to_o maintain_v a_o trade_n with_o the_o merchant_n of_o bohemia_n hungary_n poland_n silesia_n and_o austria_n the_o antiquary_n of_o this_o country_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o olmitz_n or_o olmutz_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o corruption_n of_o juliomontium_n and_o thence_o conclude_v that_o the_o town_n be_v first_o build_v and_o so_o it_o be_v as_o sure_a as_o either_o the_o tower_n at_o london_n or_o castle_n at_o leyden_n by_o julius_n cesar_n but_o how_o then_o come_v it_o to_o be_v call_v velgrad_n as_o boregius_n prove_v it_o be_v when_o king_n suatopluck_v build_v himself_o a_o palace_n here_o st._n cyril_n the_o great_a apostle_n of_o this_o country_n who_o live_v about_o the_o year_n 880_o be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n he_o be_v the_o author_n as_o aventinus_n affirm_v of_o the_o old_a wendish_n or_o crcation_n
alphabet_n make_v use_n of_o in_o write_v out_o the_o bible_n by_o he_o translate_v into_o his_o own_o mother-tongue_n what_o become_v of_o this_o translation_n i_o know_v not_o except_o as_o some_o late_a antiquary_n have_v venture_v to_o say_v the_o ancient_a moscovian_a bible_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1581._o be_v a_o transcript_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1346_o the_o bishopric_n of_o olmutz_n be_v remove_v from_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o mentz_n and_o subject_v to_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o prague_n though_o some_o of_o the_o late_a bishop_n of_o olmutz_n have_v deny_v to_o pay_v homage_n to_o any_o prelate_n under_o the_o pope_n 2._o brinn_n call_v in_o the_o bohemian_a language_n brno_n and_o by_o latin_a writer_n bruna_n brinn_n brinn_n be_v the_o second_o city_n in_o moravia_n and_o a_o town_n of_o so_o great_a repute_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o share_v with_o olmitz_n in_o the_o title_n of_o metropolis_n since_o in_o these_o two_o city_n by_o turn_n the_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n or_o assize_n for_o the_o whole_a marquisate_n be_v hold_v it_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o two_o small_a river_n schwarta_n and_o zwitta_n and_o defend_v by_o the_o spilberg_n a_o strong_a castle_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o adjoin_a hill_n the_n moravian_n philosopher_n make_v a_o great_a noise_n with_o the_o vnicornu_a minerale_fw-mi which_o among_o the_o other_o fossilia_fw-la of_o their_o country_n be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v near_o this_o city_n of_o which_o osv_n grollius_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v de_fw-la signaturis_fw-la give_v this_o account_n vnicornu_a minerale_fw-mi nobis_fw-la quoque_fw-la deus_fw-la largitus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o moravia_n tribus_fw-la milliaribus_fw-la bruna_n ubi_fw-la eram_fw-la ante_fw-la medice_fw-la non_fw-la long_a a_o territorio_fw-la abbatis_fw-la zabrdovicensis_fw-la sub_fw-la altissima_fw-la rupe_n duorum_fw-la inusitatae_fw-la magnitudinis_fw-la animalium_fw-la incognitorum_fw-la ossa_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la duobus_fw-la junioribus_fw-la efossa_fw-mi sunt_fw-la quae_fw-la absque_fw-la dubio_fw-la tempore_fw-la diluvii_fw-la aquarum_fw-la impetu_fw-la perierunt_fw-la in_o illa_fw-la solitudine_fw-la etc._n etc._n another_o author_n of_o the_o same_o tribe_n anselm_n boetius_fw-la de_fw-fr boodt_n physician_n to_o the_o emperor_n rudolf_n ii_o give_v a_o far_o different_a account_n of_o it_o cornu_fw-la fossil_n say_v he_o prope_fw-la brunam_fw-la moraviae_n urbem_fw-la inventum_fw-la ita_fw-la exact_v figuram_fw-la trunci_fw-la juglandis_fw-la intrinsecus_fw-la &_o extrinsecus_fw-la refert_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la nisi_fw-la caecus_n negare_fw-la possit_fw-la truncum_fw-la illius_fw-la arboris_fw-la fuisse_fw-la ac_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la transmutationem_fw-la accepisse_fw-la hertod_n in_o his_o ingenious_a book_n beforementioned_a say_v there_o have_v be_v several_a fragment_n of_o this_o mineral_n find_v in_o the_o quarry_n near_o niclsburg_n one_o whereof_o exact_o resemble_v a_o man_n thigh_n i_o know_v not_o what_o more_o to_o make_v of_o all_o these_o relation_n then_o that_o there_o be_v now_o and_o then_o in_o the_o field_n near_o brinn_n find_v several_a rare_a petrification_n for_o that_o i_o think_v be_v as_o fit_v a_o name_n for_o they_o as_o vnicornu_a fossil_n represent_v the_o part_n of_o certain_a animal_n and_o plant_n which_o be_v no_o great_a miracle_n than_o may_v be_v daily_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o field_n here_o about_o oxford_n as_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o the_o learned_a account_n give_v of_o such_o rarity_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o this_o county_n 3._o iglaw_n call_v by_o the_o bohemian_o gihlawa_n iglaw_n iglaw_n seat_v on_o the_o border_n of_o bohemia_n upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 799_o and_o to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o urchin_n or_o hedgehog_n which_o in_o the_o german_a language_n be_v call_v igle_n but_o by_o the_o moravian_o gehlak_n because_o that_o upon_o the_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o city_n a_o great_a company_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o creature_n be_v find_v among_o the_o shrub_n and_o thicket_n which_o grow_v in_o this_o place_n the_o town_n be_v large_a well_o build_v and_o strong_o fortify_v it_o be_v a_o great_a thorow-fair_a frequent_v by_o multitude_n of_o traveller_n that_o pass_v this_o way_n out_o of_o bohemia_n towards_o hungary_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o citizen_n as_o be_v daily_o accustom_a to_o converse_v with_o stranger_n be_v more_o oblige_v in_o their_o carriage_n then_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o countryman_n in_o the_o hussites-war_n this_o city_n steadfast_o oppose_v the_o introduce_v of_o the_o reform_a religion_n and_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o resolute_a obstinacy_n and_o malepert_a zeal_n maintain_v the_o superstitious_a discipline_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o luther_n doctrine_n begin_v to_o peep_v abroad_o in_o the_o world_n the_o heat_n be_v over_o with_o they_o and_o the_o citizen_n of_o iglaw_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o moravia_n subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n be_v the_o first_o who_o embrace_v the_o augsburg_n confession_n and_o turn_v rebel_n as_o themselves_o before_o have_v term_v other_o protestant_n to_o the_o pope_n interest_n in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n of_o germany_n immediate_o after_o the_o imperial_a force_n be_v rout_v at_o jankow_n in_o the_o year_n 1645_o this_o town_n be_v give_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o then_o triumphant_a swede_n who_o to_o make_v the_o city_n more_o tenable_a burn_v down_o the_o large_a suburb_n on_o every_o side_n and_o have_v so_o do_v defend_v the_o town_n with_o so_o much_o gallantry_n and_o manhood_n that_o all_o the_o force_n the_o emperor_n can_v bring_v against_o it_o be_v beat_v off_o for_o a_o twelvemonth_n after_o the_o jesuit_n college_n with_o the_o gymnasium_n annex_v found_v by_o adolph_n michael_n earl_n of_o altham_n be_v a_o great_a ornament_n to_o the_o town_n and_o the_o two_o monastery_n of_o dominican_n and_o franciscan_n be_v well_o worth_a the_o see_v the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n beside_o the_o entertainment_n of_o passenger_n which_o bring_v in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o riches_n be_v in_o sell_v beer_n and_o a_o sort_n of_o course_n woollen_a cloth_n which_o be_v make_v and_o dress_v after_o their_o fashion_n 4._o znaim_n znaim_n znaim_n in_o the_o bohemian_a language_n znoymo_n and_o in_o latin_a writer_n znogma_n stand_v on_o the_o teya_n in_o a_o pleasant_a soil_n and_o wholesome_a air_n the_o learned_a cluverius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o place_n be_v the_o same_o with_o ptolomy_n medoslanium_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o his_o latitude_n will_v agree_v at_o all_o to_o znaim_n though_o his_o longitude_n come_v near_o it_o the_o annal_n of_o moravia_n tell_v we_o this_o city_n be_v first_o build_v in_o the_o place_n where_o it_o now_o stand_v by_o primislaus_n ottacar_n about_o the_o year_n 1222_o have_v before_o that_o time_n lie_v bury_v in_o its_o ash_n from_o the_o year_n 1145_o when_o vladislaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n upon_o a_o provocation_n give_v he_o by_o his_o kinsman_n cunrad_n marquis_n of_o moravia_n whole_o destroy_v it_o and_o its_o inhabitant_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o town_n be_v defend_v by_o a_o castle_n sufficient_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n but_o in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v damage_v in_o time_n of_o siege_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o peldtenberg_n a_o adjacent_a mountain_n which_o overlook_v it_o and_o stand_v within_o canon-shot_a of_o it_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o austria_n and_o therefore_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v the_o first_o place_n attack_v by_o the_o imperial_a force_n in_o case_n of_o any_o rebellious_a uproar_n in_o either_o bohemia_n or_o moravia_n as_o it_o have_v 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pleasant_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n build_v in_o it_o a_o fair_a palace_n call_v to_o this_o day_n from_o its_o first_o founder_n name_n
return_v promoter_n of_o puritanism_n and_o rebellious_a principle_n they_o arrive_v at_o francfurt_n in_o june_n a._n d._n 1554_o where_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o john_n glauberge_n a_o alderman_n of_o the_o city_n they_o be_v permit_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n in_o a_o church_n former_o assign_v to_o the_o french_a protestant_n their_o chief_a ringleader_n be_v whittingham_n williams_n goodman_n wood_n and_o sutton_n who_o before_o they_o begin_v to_o instruct_v their_o flock_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o reform_v the_o liturgy_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n the_o surplice_n and_o litany_n be_v cashier_v as_o rag_n of_o the_o whore_n of_o babylon_n and_o the_o responsal_n lay_v aside_o as_o formal_a piece_n of_o cant_v which_o disturb_v the_o due_a course_n of_o divine_a worship_n in_o short_a the_o whole_a liturgy_n except_o the_o lesson_n and_o psalm_n be_v reject_v as_o savour_v too_o much_o of_o rome_n and_o antichrist_n instead_o of_o the_o magnificat_fw-la nunc_fw-la dimittis_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o sing_v so_o many_o stanza_n of_o sternhold_n rithm_n after_o sermon_n they_o have_v a_o prayer_n for_o all_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n more_o particular_o for_o the_o church_n of_o england_n mean_v their_o own_o tribe_n in_o imitation_n of_o our_o prayer_n for_o the_o church_n militant_a and_o then_o conclude_v with_o the_o peace_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n the_o noise_n of_o this_o upstart_n church_n wherewith_o dr._n scory_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n now_o superintendent_n at_o embden_n grindal_n sandys_n and_o haddon_n at_o strasburg_n and_o horn_n chamber_n and_o parkhurst_n at_o zurick_n have_v refuse_v to_o have_v communion_n draw_v knox_n the_o scotch_a incendiary_n from_o geneva_n in_o hope_n of_o make_v a_o better_a market_n here_o then_o he_o can_v do_v in_o switzerland_n here_o he_o arrive_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n and_o immediate_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o superintendency_n of_o the_o church_n whittingham_n and_o the_o other_o divine_n submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o apostleship_n and_o government_n this_o be_v high_o resent_v by_o the_o divine_n of_o strasburg_n and_o zurick_n who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o knox_n principle_n and_o know_v of_o what_o dangerous_a consequence_n the_o promotion_n of_o such_o a_o hotspur_n be_v like_a to_o prove_v whereupon_o gryndal_n and_o chamber_n be_v send_v to_o francfurt_n to_o endeavour_v a_o composure_n of_o difference_n and_o a_o reunion_n of_o all_o the_o english_a protestant_n but_o their_o endeavour_n prove_v successless_a and_o vain_a though_o they_o propose_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o english_a liturgy_n be_v retain_v there_o may_v be_v by_o a_o general_a consent_n a_o omission_n of_o some_o ceremony_n and_o office_n in_o it_o allow_v of_o for_o knox_n and_o whittingham_n be_v as_o zealous_o bend_v against_o the_o substance_n as_o circumstantial_o of_o the_o book_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o confusion_n dr._n cox_n dean_n of_o westminster_n and_o a_o principal_a composer_n of_o the_o liturgy_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o sixth_n day_n come_v to_o francfurt_n attend_v with_o a_o great_a many_o more_o english_a exile_n upon_o his_o first_o arrival_n he_o cause_v one_o of_o his_o company_n to_o read_v the_o litany_n in_o the_o pulpit_n and_o not_o long_o after_o get_v knox_n expel_v the_o town_n for_o publish_v some_o treasonable_a expression_n against_o the_o emperor_n have_v thus_o worsted_n his_o adversary_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o follow_v the_o blow_n which_o he_o do_v so_o effectual_o as_o to_o procure_v a_o order_n from_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o city_n require_v all_o the_o english_a protestant_n to_o be_v conformable_a to_o the_o discipline_n of_o their_o church_n as_o contain_v in_o the_o book_n of_o common_a prayer_n but_o cox_n though_o at_o present_a master_n of_o the_o field_n be_v not_o able_a to_o appease_v the_o dissatisfied_a brethren_n who_o follow_v knox_n to_o geneva_n and_o there_o set_v up_o the_o profession_n of_o their_o former_a schismatical_a tenant_n in_o short_a these_o scandalous_a rupture_n first_o begin_v at_o francfurt_n and_o afterward_o carry_v on_o at_o geneva_n occasion_v the_o irrecoverable_a discredit_n of_o our_o church_n beyond_o sea_n and_o be_v the_o first_o seed_n of_o those_o lamentable_a animosity_n which_o to_o this_o day_n threaten_v our_o destruction_n the_o territory_n of_o francfurt_n which_o be_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o magistrate_n of_o the_o town_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o county_n of_o hanaw_n territory_n territory_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o landgraviate_v of_o darmstat_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o mentz_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o county_n of_o wetteraw_n the_o soil_n be_v general_o cover_v with_o wood_n or_o vineyard_n and_o there_o be_v little_a of_o arable_a or_o pasture_n ground_n in_o it_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v a_o laborious_a sort_n of_o people_n inhabitant_n inhabitant_n apply_v themselves_o chief_o to_o the_o plant_n of_o vineyard_n and_o make_v wine_n the_o poor_a people_n sell_v off_o their_o wine_n and_o drink_v water_n have_v seldom_o the_o happiness_n to_o taste_v a_o draught_n of_o beer_n it_o be_v indeed_o ancient_o a_o proverb_n in_o germany_n sachs_n bayr_n schwab_n und_fw-ge frank_n die_v lieben_fw-mi all_o den_fw-mi tranck_n i._n e._n the_o saxon_n bavarian_o swabe_n and_o franc_n be_v all_o incline_v to_o excessive_a drink_n but_o now_o adays_o that_o piece_n of_o debauchery_n be_v lay_v aside_o in_o franconia_n and_o you_o shall_v seldomer_n meet_v with_o a_o drunkard_n here_o then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o ancient_a franc_n be_v man_n exceed_o plain_a and_o careless_a in_o their_o habit_n whence_o the_o german_n to_o this_o day_n say_v of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v plain_a and_o ordinary_a it_o be_v gut_n alt_z franckisch_n but_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v and_o the_o modern_a francfurter_n be_v rather_o foppish_a then_o slovenly_a in_o their_o apparel_n in_o this_o they_o be_v still_o imitator_n of_o their_o ancestor_n that_o they_o be_v a_o stout_a and_o hardy_a people_n which_o be_v enough_o to_o keep_v up_o that_o honour_n and_o repute_v which_o their_o ancestor_n have_v get_v in_o foreign_a nation_n the_o asian_o call_v all_o the_o european_n franc_n and_o the_o mahometan_n give_v the_o western_a christian_n the_o same_o name_n the_o abyssine_n in_o africa_n as_o vagetius_n witness_v call_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n alfrangue_n and_o the_o country_n they_o inhabit_v i.e._n europe_n and_o some_o part_n of_o asia_n francia_n the_o principality_n of_o henneberg_n henneberg_n be_v former_o no_o more_o than_o a_o bare_a county_n the_o earl_n whereof_o be_v first_o advance_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n vii_o in_o a_o public_a convention_n or_o diet_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o year_n 1310._o the_o first_o of_o these_o prince_n be_v berthold_n surname_v the_o wise_a who_o be_v succeed_v by_o henry_n this_o prince_n marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o frideric_n marquis_n of_o misnia_n bestow_v on_o she_o for_o a_o dowry_n the_o county_n of_o coburg_n the_o last_o prince_n of_o this_o line_n be_v george_n ernest_n after_o who_o death_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1583_o the_o county_n of_o coburg_n with_o the_o whole_a principality_n of_o henneberg_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n it_o be_v a_o populous_a and_o fruitful_a country_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o forest_n and_o mountain_n of_o thuringen_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o bamberg_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o diocese_n of_o wurtzburg_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o territory_n annex_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o fulda_n the_o castle_n or_o palace_n of_o henneberg_n whence_o the_o principality_n have_v its_o name_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n meiningen_n but_o have_v nothing_o in_o it_o remarkable_a schleusingen_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n schleuss_n on_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v be_v account_v the_o chief_a city_n in_o the_o county_n though_o perhaps_o not_o in_o the_o principality_n of_o henneberg_n it_o be_v famous_a for_o a_o gymnasium_n build_v here_o by_o the_o last_o prince_n of_o henneberg_n george_n ernest_n a._n d._n 1577._o it_o be_v for_o some_o time_n the_o chief_a residence_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o prince_n of_o this_o country_n many_o of_o who_o monument_n be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o great_a church_n beside_o this_o the_o town_n of_o romhilt_n meinungen_n and_o koningshoven_n challenge_v the_o name_n of_o city_n but_o very_o ill_o deserve_v that_o character_n we_o have_v already_o give_v a_o description_n of_o
schweinfurt_n which_o some_o geographer_n bring_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o this_o principality_n schmalcad_n be_v once_o a_o part_n of_o this_o principality_n but_o be_v not_o esteem_v so_o now_o principatus_fw-la hennenbergensis_n comitatus_n wertheimici_n finitimarumqve_fw-la regionum_fw-la nova_fw-la et_fw-la exacta_fw-la descriptio_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a the_o city_n and_o county_n of_o wertheim_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o tauber_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o main_a be_v seat_v the_o city_n of_o wertheim_n in_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n and_o good_a air_n the_o citizen_n who_o chief_a trade_n be_v in_o make_v wine_n live_v former_o in_o good_a credit_n till_o upon_o some_o disagreement_n between_o they_o and_o their_o earl_n who_o endeavour_v to_o reestablish_v popery_n in_o the_o town_n they_o be_v bring_v to_o so_o great_a poverty_n and_o strait_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o religion_n that_o they_o have_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o recruit_v themselves_o to_o this_o day_n however_o they_o still_o stick_v close_o to_o the_o augsburg_n confession_n and_o be_v zealous_a assertor_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o saint_n luther_n the_o county_n of_o wertheim_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o old_a francia_n orientalis_n as_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n main_a be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o wurtzburg_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o county_n of_o hohenloe_n and_o the_o palatinate_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o silua_fw-la ottonica_fw-la and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o large_a forest_n of_o speshart_n this_o province_n afford_v much_o more_o plenty_n of_o corn_n than_o the_o territory_n about_o francfurt_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o way_n inferior_a to_o those_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o its_o wine_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v here_o good_a store_n of_o meadow_n and_o pasture-ground_n for_o cattle_n which_o bring_v in_o yearly_a as_o great_a revenue_n as_o their_o best_a vineyard_n they_o have_v no_o want_n of_o wild_a fowl_n and_o be_v cloy_v with_o venison_n among_o the_o several_a village_n that_o have_v dependence_n upon_o the_o city_n of_o wertheim_n niclashausen_n niclashausen_n the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v niclashausen_n famous_a for_o the_o birth_n and_o education_n of_o one_o john_n behaim_n who_o be_v burn_v for_o a_o heretic_n at_o wurtzburg_n a._n d._n 1476._o the_o occasion_n whereof_o be_v this_o the_o poor_a boar_n be_v melancholy_a and_o crack-brained_a fancy_v daily_o that_o he_o see_v in_o his_o melancholy_n and_o dumpish_a fit_n strange_a and_o terrible_a apparition_n one_o time_n the_o virgin_n marry_o forsooth_o among_o his_o other_o spiritual_a guest_n give_v he_o a_o visit_n and_o grow_v so_o familiar_a as_o to_o communicate_v to_o he_o several_a deep_a intrigue_n and_o secret_n the_o choice_a whereof_o be_v that_o there_o lie_v no_o obligation_n at_o all_o upon_o the_o burgher_n of_o wertheim_n to_o show_v any_o manner_n of_o respect_n to_o their_o earl_n or_o inferior_a magistrate_n but_o that_o they_o be_v all_o as_o free_v and_o boundless_a as_o the_o river_n that_o water_v their_o country_n this_o be_v a_o plausible_a doctrine_n in_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o commonalty_n and_o need_v but_o little_a divine_a revelation_n to_o authorise_v it_o so_o that_o behaim_n have_v present_o more_o proselyte_n than_o all_o the_o preacher_n in_o the_o country_n and_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n have_v pervert_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o county_n have_v he_o not_o early_o be_v overpower_v and_o prevent_v by_o the_o bishop_n force_n erpach_n norimberg_n hanaw_n etc._n etc._n be_v purposely_o omit_v in_o this_o place_n though_o part_n of_o franconia_n as_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o second_o volume_n of_o germany_n the_o county_n palatinate_n of_o the_o rhine_n die_v pfaltz_n which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a german_a word_n for_o this_o county_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o palatium_n name_n name_n whereof_o palatinus_n be_v only_o a_o adjective_n possessive_a now_o how_o palatium_n shall_v be_v a_o name_n give_v to_o a_o county_n or_o palatinus_n to_o a_o earl_n we_o have_v already_o acquaint_v the_o reader_n treat_v of_o the_o high_a dutch_a nobility_n in_o the_o general_n description_n of_o germany_n there_o be_v only_o at_o this_o day_n two_o county_n in_o the_o german_a empire_n which_o be_v usual_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o counties_n palatinate_n whereof_o one_o the_o upper_a palatinate_n be_v part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n and_o shall_v be_v treat_v of_o elsewhere_o about_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o year_n ago_o bound_n bound_n very_o little_a of_o the_o country_n about_o huydelberg_n be_v reckon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o low_a palatinate_n but_o most_o of_o the_o city_n in_o this_o neighbourhood_n be_v either_o imperial_a or_o subject_a to_o some_o other_o prince_n than_o the_o count_v palatine_n who_o be_v now_o by_o marriage_n conquest_n or_o purchase_n master_n of_o the_o land_n before_o the_o bohemian_a war_n betwixt_o the_o emperor_n and_o frideric_n count_n palatine_n and_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n the_o territory_n and_o revenue_n of_o this_o prince_n be_v large_a enough_o to_o make_v he_o more_o formidable_a than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o elector_n but_o such_o be_v his_o misfortune_n in_o those_o bloody_a engagement_n that_o he_o lose_v both_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n which_o he_o contend_v for_o and_o also_o all_o his_o own_o hereditary_a dignity_n and_o estate_n the_o upper_a palatinate_n be_v seize_v on_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o the_o low_a conquer_a and_o subdue_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n the_o late_a count_n charles-ludowic_a son_n to_o the_o unfortunate_a king_n of_o bohemia_n be_v restore_v to_o some_o part_n of_o his_o father_n dominion_n in_o the_o low_a palatinate_n but_o these_o be_v of_o no_o great_a extent_n and_o be_v still_o like_a to_o be_v lessen_v by_o the_o daily_a encroachment_n of_o the_o french_a king_n this_o country_n be_v much_o the_o pleasant_a part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n soil_n soil_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o great_a wonder_n that_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n have_v in_o all_o age_n watch_v a_o opportunity_n of_o get_v it_o into_o their_o clutch_n the_o hill_n be_v cover_v with_o vine_n which_o yield_v that_o rich_a liquor_n know_v all_o europe_n over_o by_o the_o name_n of_o rhenish_a wine_n the_o plain_n and_o valley_n afford_v plenty_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n and_o fruit_n and_o the_o forest_n be_v plentiful_o stock_v with_o deer_n and_o other_o game_n the_o rhine_n pass_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o county_n give_v a_o fair_a advantage_n of_o export_v the_o commodity_n of_o this_o and_o import_v those_o of_o foreign_a nation_n the_o river_n rhine_n and_o neccar_n have_v store_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o hill_n want_v neither_o metal_n nor_o mineral_n that_o part_n of_o the_o low_a palatinate_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o western_a bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v first_o conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o french_a of_o who_o kingdom_n it_o be_v a_o part_n but_o more_o immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o earl_n of_o the_o moselle_n afterward_o when_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lorraine_n come_v to_o be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n this_o territory_n become_v a_o share_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n but_o be_v still_o possess_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o moselle_n as_o before_o upon_o the_o failure_n of_o that_o family_n it_o fall_v under_o the_o more_o immediate_a power_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o for_o many_o good_a office_n do_v they_o be_v please_v to_o bestow_v it_o on_o the_o elector_n palatine_a by_o the_o same_o mean_n they_o become_v master_n of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o country_n on_o the_o eastern_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n upon_o extirpation_n of_o the_o house_n of_o schwaben_n the_o present_a elector_n palatine_n be_v count_n charles_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o who_o be_v bear_v on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o year_n 1651_o and_o be_v advance_v to_o the_o electorate_v upon_o the_o late_a death_n of_o his_o father_n charles-ludowic_a a._n d._n 1680._o he_o be_v a_o pious_a and_o learned_a prince_n and_o tread_v much_o in_o the_o step_n of_o his_o father_n who_o possible_o be_v consider_v the_o trouble_n he_o have_v undergo_v as_o learned_a a_o prince_n as_o europe_n afford_v in_o his_o time_n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o elector_n ancestor_n be_v say_v to_o have_v amount_v to_o 100000_o pound_n sterling_a yearly_a nor_o can_v we_o well_o imagine_v they_o to_o have_v be_v less_o when_o only_o the_o silver_n mine_n about_o amberg_n in_o the_o upper_a palatinate_n yield_v 60000_o crown_n a_o year_n and_o the_o passage_n over_o one_o bridge_n across_o the_o rhine_n bring_v in_o 20000_o more_o to_o which_o if_o
quite_o cross_a the_o country_n in_o this_o principality_n be_v most_o of_o the_o mine_n of_o silver_n mine_n mine_n copper_n lead_v etc._n etc._n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o lunenburg_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v at_o rammelsberg_n wildeman_n and_o zellerfeld_n rammelsberg_n be_v a_o high_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n goslar_n on_o one_o side_n shade_v with_o part_n of_o the_o hercynian_a forest_n but_o on_o the_o other_o cover_v with_o nothing_o but_o moss_n the_o german_a historian_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o mine_n on_o this_o mounttain_n be_v first_o discover_v in_o the_o year_n 972_o by_o a_o hunter_n who_o have_v tie_v his_o horse_n to_o a_o bush_n and_o go_v some_o distance_n from_o he_o at_o his_o return_n find_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o ore_n beat_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n with_o his_o horse_n hoof_n this_o hunter_n they_o say_v be_v surname_v ram_n and_o thence_o the_o mountain_n get_v the_o name_n of_o rammelsberg_n upon_o the_o bruit_n of_o this_o discovery_n the_o emperor_n otho_n i._n immediate_o procure_v a_o company_n of_o frank_n that_o well_o understand_v the_o art_n of_o melt_v and_o refine_n all_o sort_n of_o mineral_n and_o send_v they_o hither_o to_o teach_v the_o saxon_n their_o mystery_n to_o which_o before_o that_o time_n they_o be_v utter_a stranger_n from_o these_o frank_n the_o town_n of_o frankenburg_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mine_n of_o rammelsberg_n have_v its_o name_n not_o long_o after_o the_o riches_n of_o this_o mountain_n have_v be_v thus_o discover_v the_o miner_n be_v grow_v so_o numerous_a that_o this_o one_o place_n can_v neither_o find_v work_n nor_o food_n enough_o for_o such_o vast_a multitude_n as_o daily_o resort_v thither_o whereupon_o they_o begin_v to_o seek_v for_o new_a treasure_n in_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o meet_v with_o so_o good_a success_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1045_o as_o albinus_n testify_v another_o great_a vein_n of_o ore_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o place_n where_o wild-man_n now_o stand_v and_o a_o three_o at_o zellerfeld_n in_o the_o year_n 1070._o this_o last_o town_n be_v now_o the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o mine-city_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o brunswic_n here_o the_o chief_a overseer_n of_o the_o mine_n keep_v his_o court_n every_o saturday_n and_o order_n every_o workman_n his_o pay_n for_o the_o week_n past_a the_o chief_a metal_n which_o be_v find_v in_o these_o mine_n be_v silver_n lethargy_n lead_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o two_o sort_n of_o copper_n one_o whereof_o be_v melt_v out_o of_o the_o ore_n like_o other_o metal_n the_o other_o be_v make_v by_o the_o vitriol_n water_n upon_o great_a plate_n of_o iron_n which_o they_o steep_a in_o trough_n make_v for_o this_o purpose_n beside_o these_o metal_n they_o find_v a_o great_a many_o sort_n of_o mineral_n which_o abundant_o recompense_v the_o workman_n labour_n though_o not_o sufficient_a to_o atone_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o life_n which_o be_v too_o often_o take_v away_o by_o their_o nauseous_a and_o deadly_a smell_n the_o rich_a of_o these_o be_v 1._o grey_a vitriol_n 2._o atramentstein_n or_o ink-stone_n a_o mineral_n of_o many_o various_a colour_n out_o of_o these_o two_o bray_v and_o boil_v together_o be_v make_v the_o ordinary_a green_a vitriol_n 3._o gedien_fw-mi vitriol_n which_o grow_v like_o icicle_n out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o may_v be_v use_v without_o any_o further_o cleanse_v or_o purify_n 4._o blue_n vitriol_n common_o make_v out_o of_o the_o copper_n ore_n 5._o white_a vitriol_n make_v of_o lead_n ore_n 6._o misy_n a_o mineral_n much_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n and_o nature_n with_o the_o ordinary_a yellow_a brimstone_n 7._o brimstone_n make_v out_o of_o a_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o ore_n find_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n out_o of_o which_o drop_v the_o store_n sulphuris_fw-la which_o usual_o coagulate_a like_o icesicles_n the_o several_a way_n of_o discover_v of_o mine_n order_v of_o mineral_n ore_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o same_o here_o as_o at_o friberg_n and_o other_o mine-town_n in_o the_o german_a empire_n so_o that_o for_o a_o account_n of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a rarity_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o follow_a description_n of_o misnia_n the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a town_n in_o the_o principality_n of_o grubenhagen_n be_v eimbeck_n or_o einbeck_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o say_v letzner_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o confluence_n of_o a_o great_a many_o small_a rivulet_n in_o this_o place_n into_o one_o common_a stream_n for_o beck_n in_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o low_a saxon_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o northern_a english_a signify_v the_o same_o with_o the_o high_a dutch_a word_n bache_n a_o rivulet_n or_o small_a torrent_n the_o only_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v former_o in_o breuhane_n which_o be_v here_o brew_v and_o export_v into_o many_o of_o the_o neighbour_a part_n but_o of_o late_a year_n the_o citizen_n have_v addict_v themselves_o exceed_o to_o husbandry_n and_o tillage_n and_o enrich_v the_o city_n mighty_o with_o their_o comtrade_n which_o will_v doubtless_o be_v daily_o advance_v if_o they_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o good_a river_n to_o take_v off_o their_o vast_a stock_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n clausthal_n altenau_n andreasberg_n osterrode_v and_o the_o other_o great_a town_n of_o this_o principality_n be_v whole_o inhabit_v by_o miner_n who_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o people_n breed_v in_o cave_n and_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o the_o erect_n of_o fair_a structure_n above_o ground_n the_o county_n of_o blanckenburg_n and_o reinstein_n this_o county_n as_o appear_v from_o many_o ancient_a charter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o instrument_n sign_v by_o several_a of_o the_o german_a emperor_n be_v former_o call_v hartingow_n or_o hartgow_n which_o name_n the_o dutch_a writer_n explain_v by_o das_z gow_z a_o hartz_n and_o we_o may_v english_a it_o the_o hercynian_a county_n for_o as_o the_o ancient_a roman_n divide_v their_o whole_a land_n into_o so_o many_o province_n which_o be_v again_o subdivide_v into_o certain_a praefecturas_fw-la praesidiatus_fw-la colenias_n or_o municipia_fw-la so_o old_a germany_n consist_v of_o a_o set_a number_n of_o gown_n or_o pflegen_n and_o these_o be_v make_v up_o of_o inferior_a voigteyen_n or_o dingstule_n that_o be_v hundred_o or_o bailiwick_n for_o although_o the_o word_n gowe_z and_o pflege_n now_o fleck_n signify_v pagus_n a_o town_n yet_o the_o old_a saxon_n and_o other_o people_n of_o germany_n have_v not_o former_o above_o one_o of_o these_o in_o a_o whole_a county_n so_o that_o gow-graff_a or_o judex_n paganus_fw-la be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o thing_n as_o come_v a_o earl_n or_o count_n but_o when_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1100_o the_o name_n of_o gown_n begin_v to_o be_v antiquate_v and_o lay_v aside_o hartingow_n once_o the_o large_a county_n in_o the_o low_a saxony_n be_v forget_v and_o the_o county_n or_o grassschaft_n a_o new_a word_n instead_o of_o gowe_z take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o two_o chief_a fort_n in_o it_o blackenburg_n and_o reinstein_n together_o with_o its_o name_n it_o lose_v its_o ancient_a boundary_n and_o be_v contract_v into_o a_o much_o narrow_a compass_n then_o former_o for_o the_o county_n of_o stolberg_n schwartzburg_n and_o hohenstein_n with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o quedlinburg_n and_o county_n of_o wernigerode_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o this_o province_n however_o because_o the_o county_n of_o wernigerode_n be_v still_o subject_a to_o the_o same_o master_n with_o blackenburg_n we_o shall_v at_o present_a comprise_v both_o province_n under_o one_o name_n and_o give_v a_o description_n of_o they_o together_o tacitus_n speak_v of_o these_o part_n tell_v we_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v in_o a_o intolerable_a sharp_a air_n and_o seneca_n say_v they_o have_v a_o continual_a winter_n and_o certain_o if_o this_o character_n may_v be_v just_o appropriate_v to_o any_o province_n in_o germany_n it_o be_v to_o this_o which_o be_v continual_o expose_v to_o the_o northwind_n and_o endure_v the_o cold_a blast_n from_o the_o top_n of_o bructerus_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n which_o be_v usual_o cover_v with_o snow_n till_o midsummer_n but_o this_o sharp_a air_n be_v not_o destructive_a to_o the_o healthy_a and_o vigorous_a constitution_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o more_o common_o than_o any_o other_o german_n arrive_v at_o the_o age_n of_o 100_o or_o 110_o year_n but_o however_o be_v there_o such_o a_o intempery_n coeli_fw-la as_o these_o author_n mention_n constant_o hover_v over_o the_o head_n of_o the_o blackenburger_n yet_o that_o inconvenience_n will_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n be_v recompense_v by_o those_o other_o way_n whereby_o nature_n have_v enrich_v this_o country_n for_o the_o valley_n though_o they_o afford_v but_o little_a corn_n yet_o be_v as_o plentiful_o stock_v with_o kine_n