in that I would haue occasion to talke of the backe Sea that on the other side the maine where was salt water my father had a childe flaine whiche wée supposed Mâ—nocan his enemie whose death we intended to reuenge After good deliberation hée began to describe mee the Countreys beyonde the Falles with many of the rest confirming what not onely Opechancanoyes and an Indian which had beene prosoner to Pewhatan had before tolde mee but some called it fiue dayes some sixe some eight where the sayde water dashed amongest many stones and rockes each storme which caused off tymes the heade of the Riuer to bee brackish Anchanachuck he described to bee the people that had slaine my brother whose death hée would reuenge Hée described also vpon the same Sea a mighty Nation called Pocoughtronack a fierce Nation that did eate men and warred with the people of Moyaoncer and Pataromerke Nations vpon the toppe or the heade of the Bay vnder his territories where the yeare before they had slein an hundred he signified their crownes were shauen long haire in the necke tied on a knot Swords like Pollaâ—es Beyond them he described people with short Coates and Sléeues to the Elbowes that passed that way in Shippes like ours Many Kingdomes hée described mée to the heade of the Bay which séemed to bée a mightie Riuer issuing from mightie Mountaines betwixt the two Seas the people cloathed at Ocamahowan He also confirmed and the Southerly Countries also as the rest that reported vs to be within a day a halfe of Mangoge two dayes of Chawwonock 6. froÌ„ Rooâ—ock to the south part of the backe sea he described a countrie called Anone where they haue abundance of Brasse and houses walled as outs I required his discourse seeing what pride hée had in his great and spacious Dominions seeing that all hee knewe were vnder his Territories In describing to him the territorles of Europe which was subiect to our great King whose subiect I was the innumerable multitude of his ships I gaue him to vnderstand the noyse of Trumpets and terrible manner of fighting were vnder captain Newport my father whom I intituled the Meworames which they call King of all the waters at his greatnesse hee admired and not a little feared hee desired mee to forsake Paspaliegh and to liue with him vpon his Riuer a Countrie called Capa Howasicke hée promised to giue me Corne Venison or what I wanted to feede vs Hatchets and Copper wee should make him and none should disturbe vs. This request I promised to performe and thus hauing with all the kindnes hee could deuise sought to content me hee sent me home with 4. men one that vsually carried my Gowne and Knapsacke after me two other loded with bread and one to accompanie me This Riuer of Pamaunke is not past twelue mile from that we dwell on his course northwest and westerly as the other Weraocomoco is vpon salt water in bredth two myles and to keepeth his course without any tarrying some twenty miles where at the parting of the fresh water and the salt if diuideth it selfe into two partes the one part to Goughland as broad as Thames and â—auigable with a Boats threescore or foure score miles and with a Shippe 〈◊〉 excéeding crooked and manie low grounds and marishes but inhabited with aboundance of warlike and tall people The Countrey of Youghtomam of no lesse worth onely it is lower but all the soyle a fatte fertill sandie ground Aboue Manapacumter many high sandie Mountaines By the Riuer is many Rockes seeming if not of seuerall Mines The other branch a little lesse in breadth yet extendeth not neare so farre nor so well inbabited somewhat lower and a white sandle and a white clay soyle here is their best Terra Sigillata The month of the Riuer as I see in the discouerie therof with captain Newport is halfe a wile broad within foure miles not aboue a Musket shot the channell excéeding good and déeâ—s the Riuer straight to the 〈◊〉 Kiskirk the nearest Nation to the entrances Their religion and Ceremonie I obserued was thus thrée or foure dayes after my taking seuen of them in the house where I lay each with a rattle began at ten a clocke in the morning to sing about the fire which they inuironed with a Circle of meale and after a foote or two from that at the end of each song layde downe two or thrée graines of wheate continuing this order till they haue included sixe or seuen hundred in a halfe Circle and after that two or thrée more Circles in like maner a hand bredth from other that done at each song they put betwixt euerie three two or fiue graines a little slicke so counting as an old woman her Pater noster One disguised with a great Skinne his bead â—ung round with little Skinnes of Weasels and other vermine with a Crownel of feathers on his head painted as vgly as the diuell at the end of each song will make many signes and demonstrations with strange and vehement actions great cakes of Déere suet Deare and Tobacco he casteth in the fire till sixe a clocke in the Euening their howling would continue ere they would depart Each morning in the coldest frost the principall to the number of twentie or thirtie assembled themselues in a round circle a good distance from the towne where they told me they there consulted where to hunt the next day so fat they fed nice that I much doubted they intended to haue sacrificed mee to the Quiyoughquosicke which is a superiour power they worship a more vglier thing cannot be described one they haue for chief sacrifices which also they call Quiyoughquosick to cure the sick a man with a Rattle and extreame howling showting singing and such violent gestures and Anticke actions ouer the patient will sucke out blood and flegme from the patient out of their vnable stomacke or any diseased place as no labour will more tire them Tobacco they offer the water in passing in fowle weather The death of any they lament with great sorrow and weeping their Kings they burie betwixt two mattes within their houses with all his beads tewels hatchets and copper the other in graues like ours They acknowledge no resurrection Powhatan hath thrée brethren and two sisters each of his bretheren succéeded other For the Crowne their heyres inverite not but the first heyres of the Sisters and so successiuely the weomens heires For the Kings haue as many weomen as they will his Subiects two and most but one From Weramocomoco is but 12. miles yet the Indians trifled away that day and would not goe to our Forte by any perswasions but to certaine olde hunting houses of Paspahegh we lodged all night The next morning ere Sunne rise we set forward for our Fort where we arriued within an houre where each man with the truest signes of ioy they could expresse welcommed mee except M. Archer and some 2. or 3. of his who was
them like commodities but the Children or any that shewed extraordinary kindenes I liberally contented with free gifte such trifles as wel coÌ„tented them finding this coâ—â—e comfort I anchored before the Towne and the next day returned to trade but God the absolute disposer of all heartes altered their conceits for now they were no lesse desirous of cut commodities then we of their Corne vnder colour to fetch fresh water I sent a man to discouer the Towne their Corne and force to trie their intent in that they desired me vp to their houses which well vnderstanding with foure shot I visited them with fish oysters bread and déere they kindly trades with me and my men beeing no lesse in doubt of my intent then I of theirs for well I might with twentie men haue fraighted a Shippe with Corne The Towne conteineth eighteene houses pleasantly seated vpon three acres of ground vppon a plaine halfe inuironed with a great Bay of the great Riuer the other parte with a Baye of the other Riuer falling into the great Baye with a little I le fit for a Castle in the mouth thereof the Towne adioyning to the mains by a necke of Land of sixtie yardes With sixteene bushells of Corne I returned towards our Forte by the way I encountred with two Canowes of Indians who came abâ—ord me being the inhabitants of waroskoyack a kingdome on the south side of the riuer which is in breadth 5. miles and 20 mile or neare from the mouth with these I traded who hauing but their hunting prouision requested me to returne to their Towne where I should load my boat with corne with near thirtie bushells I returned to the fort the very name wherof gaue great comfort to our desparing company time thus passing away hauing not aboue 14. daies vituals left some motioÌ„s were made about our presidents Capt. Archeri going for England to procure a supply in which meane time we had reasonablly fitted vs with houses and our President Capt. Martin being able to walk abroad with much ado do it was concluded that the pinnace and barge should goe towards Powhatan to trade for corne Letts were cast who should go in her the chance was mine while she was arigging I made a voiage to Topohanack where ariuing there was but certain women children who fled from their houses yet at last I drew them to draw néere truck they durst not corne they had plenty to spoile I had no coÌ„mission In my resume to Paspahegh I traded with that churlish trecherous nation hauing loaded 10 or 12 bushels of corne they offred to take our pieces and swords yet by stelth but séeming to dislike it they were ready to assault vs yet staÌ„ding vpon our guard in coasting the shore diuers out of the woods would meet with vs with corn trade but least we should be constrained either to indure ouermuch wrong or directly fal to reuenge séeing them dog vs from place to place it being night our necessitie not fit for warres we tooke occasion to returne with 10 bushells of corne Cap. Martin after made 2 iournies to that nation of Paspahegh but eache tune returned with 8. or 10. bushells All things being now ready for my iourney to Powhatan for the performance thereof I had 8. men and my selfe for the barge as well for discouerie as trading the Pinnace 5. Marriners 2. landmen to take in out ladings at conuenient places The 9 of Nouember I set forward for the discouery of the country of Chikhamania leauing the pinnace the next tide to followe and stay for my comming at Point weanock 20 miles from our fort the mouth of this riuer falleth into the great riuer at Paspahegh 8 miles aboue our fort that afternoone I stayed the eb in the bay of Paspahegh with the IndiaÌ„s towards the euening certaine Indians haled me one of them being of Chikahamania offred to coÌ„duct me to his country the Paspabegheans grudged therat along we went by moonelight at midnight he brought vs before his Towne desiring one of our men to go vp with him whom he kindely intertained and returned back to the barge the next morning I went vp to the towne and shewed them what copper and hatchets they shold haue for corne each family seeking to giue me most content so long they caused me to stay that 100 at least was expecting my comming by the riuer with corne what I liked I bought and least they should perceiue my too great want I went higher vp the riuer this place is called Manosquosick a quarter of a mile from the riuer conteining thirtie or fortie houses vppon an exceeding high land at the foote of the hill towards the riuer is a plaine wood watered with many springes which fall twentie yardes right downe into the riuer right against that same is a great marsh of 4. or 5. miles circuit deuided in 2 Ilands by the parting of the riuer abounding with fish fouls all sorts a mile from thence is a Towne called Oraniocke I further discouered the Townes of Mâ—nsa Apahaock Werawahone MamanahuÌ„t at eche place kindely vsed especially at the last being the hart of the Country where were assembled 200. people with such abouÌ„daÌ„ce of corne as hauing laded our barge as also I might haue laded a ship I returned to Paspahhegh considering that want of Corne at our Fort it being night with that ebb by midnight I ariued at our fort where I found our Pinnis run aground the next morning I vnladed seaueÌ„ hogsheds into our store the next morning I returned againe the second day I ariued at MamanahuÌ„t wher yâ— people hauing heard of my coÌ„ming were ready with 3 or 400. baskets litle great of which hauing laded my barge with many signes of great kindnes I returned at my departure they requested me to hear our pieces being in the midst of the riuer which in regard of yâ— eccho séemed a peale of ordnance many birds and fowles they see vs dayly kil that much feared them so desirous of trade wer they that they would follow me with their canowes for any thing giue it me rather then returne it back so I vnladed again 7 or 8. hogsheads at our fort Hauing thus by Gods assistance gotten good store of corne notwithstanding some bad spirrits not content with Gods prouidence still grew â—â—â—tinous in so much that our president hauing ocasion to chide the sâ—ith for his misdeamenor he not only gaue him bad language but also offred to strike him with some of his tooles for which rebellious act the smith was by a Jury condemned to be hanged but being vppon the ladder continuing verry obstinate as hoping vpon a rescue when he saw no other way but death with him he became penitent declared a dangerous conspiracy for which Captains Kendall as principal was by a Jury condeÌ„â—ed shot to death This conspiracy appeased I set forward for the discouery of the Riuer of
the trees in a vishion eache his bowe and a handfull of arrowes a quiner at his back gumly paintes on eache flâ—nck a sargeant the one running alwaies towarde the front the other towards the reare each a true pace and in excéeding good order this being a good time continued they 〈◊〉 themselues in a ring with a daunce and 〈◊〉 eache man departed to his lodging the Captain conducting me to his lodging a quarter of Venison and some ten pound of bread I had for supper what I left was reserued for me and sent with me to my lâ—dging each morning 3. women 〈◊〉 me three great platters of fine bread more venison then ten men could deuour I had my gowne points and garters my compas and a tablet they gaue me again though 8 ordinarily guarded me I wanted not what they could deuise to content me and still our longer acquaintance increased our â—etter affection much they threatned to assault our forts as they were solicited by the King of Paspahegh who shewed at our fort great signes of sorrow for this mischance the King too he great delight in vnderstanding the manner of our ships and sayling the seas the earth skies and of our God what he knew of the dominious he spared not to acquaint me with as of certaine men cloathed at a place called Ocanahonan cloathed like me the course of our riuer and that within 4 or 5 daies iourney of the falles was a great turning of salt water I desired he would send a messenger to Paspahegh with a letter I would write by which they shold vnderstand how kindly they vsed me and that I was well least they should reuenge my death this he granted and sent three men in such weather as in reason were vnpossible by any naked to be indured their cruell mindes towards the fort I had deuerted in describing the ordinance the mines in the fields as also the reuenge Captain Newport would take of them at his returne their intent I incerted the fort the people of Ocanahonum and the back sea this report they after found diuers Indians that câ—nfirmed the next day after my letter came a saluage to my lodging with his sword to haue slaine me but being by my guard intercepted with abowe and arrow he offred to haue effected his purpose the cause I knew not till the King vnderstanding thereof came and told me of a man a dying wounded with my pistoll he tould me also of another I had slayne yet the most concealed they had any hurte this was the father of him I had slayne whose fury to preâ—ent the King presently conducted me to another Kingdome vpon the top of the next northerly riuer called Youghtanan hauing feasted me he further led me to another branch of the riuer called Mattapament to swo other hunting townes they led me and to each of these Countries a house of the great Emperour of Pewhakan whom as yet I supposed to bee at the Fals to him I tolde him I must goe and to returne to Paspahegh after this foure or fiue dayes marsh we returned to Rasawrack the first towne they brought me too where binding the Mats in bundels they marched two dayes iourney and crossed the Riuer of Youghtanan where it was as broad as Thames so conducting me to a place called Menapacute in Pamaunke where the King inhabited the next day another King of that nation called Kekataugh hauing receiued some kindnes of me at the Fort kindly inuited me to feast at his house the people from all places flocked to sée me each shewing to content me By this the great King hath foure or fiue houses each containing fourescore or an hundred foote in length pleasantly seated vpon an high sandy hill from whence you may sée westerly a goodly low Country the riuer before the which his crooked course causeth many great Marshes of excéeding good ground An hundred houses and many large plaines are here togither inhabited more abundance of fishe fowle and a pleasanter seat cannot be imagined the King with fortie Bowmen to guard me intreated me to discharge my Pistoll which they there presented me with a mark at six score to strike therwith but to spoil the prâ—ctise I broke the cocke whereat they were much discontented though a chaunce supposed From hence this kind King conducted mee to a place called Topahanocke a kingdome vpon another Riuer northward the cause of this was that the yeare before a shippe had béene in the Riuer of Pamaunke who hauing beene kindly entertained by Powhatan their Emperour they returned thence and discouered the Riuer of Topahanocke where being receiued with like kindnesse yet he slue the King and looks of his people and they supposed I were hee but the people reported him a great man that was Captaine and vsing mee kindly the next day we departed This Riuer of Topahanock séemeth in breadth not much lesse then that we dwell vpon 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 of the Riuer is a Countrey called Cuttata women vpwards is Maâ—rough tacum Tapohanock Appamatuck and Nantengs â—acum at Topmanahocks the head issuing from many Mountaines the next night I lodged at a hunting town of Powhaâ—ams and the next day arriued at Waranâ—comoco vpon the riuer of Pamaâ—ncke where the great king is resident by the way we passed by the top of another little riuer which is betwixt the two called Payankatank The most of this Countrey though Desert yet excéeding fertil good timber most hils and dales in each valley a cristall spring Arrioing at Weramocomoco their Emperour proudly lying vppon a Bedstead a foote high vpon seune or twelue Mattes richly hung with manie Chaynes of great Pearles about his necke and couered with a great Coucring of Rahaughcums At heade sat a woman at his feete another on each side sitting vppon a Matte vppon the ground were raunged his chiefe men on each side the fire tenne in a ranke and behinde them as many yong women each a great Chaine of white Beades ouer their shoulders their heades painted in ridde and with such a graue and Maiesticall countenance as draue me into admiration to sée such state in a naked Saluage hee kindly welcomed me with good wordes and great Platters of sondrie Vâ—ctuals assuring mee his friendship and my libertie within foure dayes hee much delighted in Opechan Comoughs relation of what I haâ— described to him and oft examined me vpon the same Hee asked mee the cause of our comming I tolde him being in fight with the Spaniards our enemie beeing ouer powred neare put to retreat and by extreame weather put to this shore where landing at Chesipiack the people shal vs but at Keâ—uâ—ughtan they kindly vsed vs we by signes demaunded fresh water they described vs vp the Riuer was all fresh water at Pâ—spahegh also they kindly vsed vs one Pinnsse being leake wee were inforced to stay to mend her till Captaine Newport my father came to conduct vs away He demaunded why we went further with our Boaâ—e I tolde him