own_o viii_o of_o island_n and_o inundation_n let_v we_o now_o proceed_v to_o inundation_n or_o increment_n by_o river_n whereof_o the_o ancient_a lawyer_n have_v write_v much_o but_o the_o modern_a whole_a commentary_n but_o what_o they_o have_v write_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ground_v not_o on_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o on_o the_o law_n of_o some_o nation_n though_o to_o gain_v the_o great_a authority_n they_o ofttimes_o put_v they_o off_o under_o that_o name_n most_o of_o their_o determination_n be_v build_v upon_o this_o foundation_n that_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n be_v his_o who_o possess_v the_o adjoin_a soil_n and_o that_o the_o channel_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v forsake_v by_o the_o water_n be_v his_o also_o and_o consequent_o those_o island_n which_o be_v cast_v up_o in_o the_o river_n there_o they_o distinguish_v of_o inundation_n a_o small_a one_o alter_v not_o the_o property_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o a_o great_a one_o do_v yet_o so_o that_o if_o it_o come_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o sudden_a and_o violent_a force_n of_o water_n and_o so_o recede_v the_o ground_n overflow_v shall_v upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o water_n as_o if_o by_o postliminy_n remain_v to_o its_o right_a owner_n but_o if_o by_o a_o continual_a beat_n upon_o it_o it_o wash_v it_o away_o by_o degree_n it_o be_v lose_v for_o ever_o now_o that_o all_o these_o may_v be_v introduce_v by_o some_o law_n to_o make_v man_n more_o careful_o to_o defend_v their_o own_o bank_n i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o they_o be_v so_o by_o a_o natural_a right_n as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o i_o can_v grant_v ix_o who_o be_v they_o be_v natural_o end_n see_v above_o ch_n 3._o towards_o the_o end_n for_o if_o we_o respect_v that_o which_o most_o happen_v the_o soil_n be_v first_o possess_v by_o the_o people_n and_o that_o not_o only_o under_o a_o sovereign_a power_n or_o empire_n but_o under_o dominion_n also_o before_o the_o field_n be_v distribute_v among_o private_a person_n the_o boundary_n of_o the_o athenian_n or_o campagnes_n say_v seneca_n be_v those_o whereby_o their_o field_n which_o before_o lay_v in_o common_a be_v by_o private_a agreement_n between_o themselves_o and_o their_o neighbour_n distinguish_v so_o also_o cicero_n privata_fw-la natura_fw-la nulla_fw-la sunt_fw-la 1._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr l._n 7._o c._n 4._o de_fw-fr off._n lib._n 1._o there_o be_v nothing_o natural_o private_a but_o either_o by_o primary_n possession_n as_o they_o that_o first_o set_v foot_v in_o a_o place_n that_o be_v desert_a or_o that_o which_o come_v by_o conquest_n or_o by_o law_n consent_n condition_n or_o by_o lot_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o field_n about_o arpinum_n be_v say_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o arpinum_n and_o the_o field_n of_o tusculum_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o tusculum_n and_o thus_o be_v every_o private_a man_n estate_n describe_v rhodiaca_n or._n rhodiaca_n so_o dion_n prusaensis_n there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o a_o city_n in_o general_n challenge_v as_o her_o own_o though_o they_o be_v divide_v by_o parcel_n among_o private_a lord_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n speak_v tacitus_n of_o the_o german_n that_o their_o field_n be_v first_o occupy_v by_o the_o people_n in_o common_a by_o village_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o afterward_o distribute_v among_o themselves_o according_a to_o every_o man_n reputation_n and_o dignity_n wherefore_o whatsoever_o be_v thus_o original_o possess_v by_o the_o people_n and_o never_o afterward_o distribute_v do_v as_o yet_o proper_o belong_v unto_o the_o people_n and_o as_o in_o private_a river_n those_o island_n which_o the_o water_n cast_v up_o and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n which_o the_o water_n forsake_v be_v proper_o his_o who_o own_v the_o river_n so_o in_o public_a be_v both_o of_o they_o the_o people_n or_o he_o to_o who_o the_o people_n have_v give_v they_o now_o what_o be_v here_o say_v concern_v the_o channel_n may_v also_o be_v say_v of_o the_o bank_n which_o be_v but_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o channel_n wherein_o the_o river_n natural_o run_v and_o thus_o it_o be_v every_o where_o take_v in_o holland_n and_o the_o country_n adjacent_a many_o such_o dispute_n do_v ancient_o arise_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o lowness_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o greatness_n of_o their_o river_n and_o their_o nearness_n to_o the_o sea_n receive_v and_o cast_v up_o by_o alternate_a tide_n mud_n and_o sand_n those_o that_o be_v island_n true_o so_o call_v be_v always_o adjudge_v to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o people_n patrimony_n as_o also_o the_o whole_a channel_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o of_o the_o maze_n which_o the_o water_n have_v leave_v as_o it_o have_v be_v frequent_o determine_v and_o with_o very_o good_a reason_n for_o as_o the_o roman_a lawyer_n themselves_o do_v grant_v 95._o of_o float_v island_n see_v sen_n his_o nat._n quest_n lib._n 3._o c._n 25._o pliny_n lib._n 2._o c._n 95._o that_o the_o island_n which_o float_v in_o a_o river_n be_v uphold_v by_o the_o young_a sprout_n that_o grow_v in_o it_o of_o right_a belong_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n because_o cujus_fw-la juris_fw-la est_fw-la flumen_fw-la ejus_fw-la est_fw-la &_o insula_fw-la in_o flumine_fw-la nata_fw-la who_o the_o river_n be_v he_o be_v the_o island_n that_o be_v in_o it_o and_o sure_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n for_o a_o river_n as_o for_o the_o channel_n wherein_o it_o run_v not_o for_o the_o reason_n which_o they_o bring_v namely_o because_o the_o channel_n be_v cover_v by_o the_o river_n but_o for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a because_o it_o be_v original_o possess_v with_o the_o river_n and_o be_v never_o since_o transfer_v into_o any_o private_a man_n dominion_n neither_o can_v we_o admit_v of_o that_o as_o true_a natural_o which_o they_o aver_v that_o if_o the_o field_n be_v bound_v the_o island_n be_v the_o first_o occupant_n for_o that_o indeed_o be_v true_a in_o case_n that_o neither_o the_o river_n nor_o with_o it_o the_o channel_n be_v at_o all_o possess_v by_o the_o people_n for_o than_o they_o be_v like_o those_o island_n which_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o sea_n his_o only_a that_o do_v first_o seize_v they_o x._o that_o natural_o the_o land_n be_v not_o lose_v because_o drown_v neither_o be_v that_o more_o to_o be_v admit_v which_o they_o write_v of_o a_o great_a inundation_n namely_o that_o it_o give_v away_o the_o property_n of_o the_o land_n overflow_v if_o we_o respect_v only_o natural_a reason_n for_o admit_v we_o do_v grant_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o land_n may_v be_v dissolve_v into_o sand_n yet_o do_v the_o low_a part_n thereof_o remain_v firm_a and_o solid_a and_o though_o somewhat_o of_o the_o quantity_n be_v change_v yet_o be_v not_o the_o substance_n change_v at_o all_o no_o more_o than_o that_o part_n of_o a_o field_n be_v which_o be_v devour_v by_o some_o lake_n the_o property_n whereof_o as_o the_o roman_a lawyer_n themselves_o do_v right_o acknowledge_v do_v still_o remain_v neither_o be_v that_o natural_a that_o they_o write_v that_o a_o inundation_n perform_v the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n or_o censor_n make_v that_o private_a which_o be_v public_a and_o that_o public_a which_o before_o be_v private_a as_o cassiodore_n speak_v of_o a_o surveyor_n more_o vastissimi_fw-la fluminis_fw-la aliis_fw-la spatia_fw-la tollit_fw-la aliis_fw-la concedit_fw-la that_o he_o be_v like_o a_o great_a river_n take_v away_o from_o some_o that_o which_o of_o right_n be_v they_o and_o give_v unto_o other_o that_o wherein_o they_o have_v no_o right_n much_o better_o be_v it_o to_o follow_v that_o which_o strabo_n report_v of_o the_o egyptian_n to_o take_v a_o exact_a survey_n of_o the_o field_n and_o so_o divide_v unto_o every_o man_n his_o own_o by_o admeasurement_n because_o the_o river_n nilus_n by_o her_o frequent_a flood_n and_o rapid_a stream_n add_v here_o and_o take_v away_o there_o and_o change_v the_o form_n and_o mark_n of_o the_o field_n do_v so_o confound_v their_o bound_n and_o limit_n that_o it_o be_v hard_o for_o a_o man_n to_o distinguish_v between_o his_o own_o and_o another_o man_n therefore_o be_v field_n to_o be_v often_o survey_v whereunto_o agree_v that_o tradition_n of_o the_o roman_a lawyer_n quod_fw-la nostrum_fw-la est_fw-la nostrum_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la desinit_fw-la nisi_fw-la facto_fw-la nostro_fw-la that_o which_o be_v we_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v we_o without_o our_o own_o fact_n or_o by_o some_o law_n do_v where_o the_o invudation_n be_v very_o great_a and_o no_o visible_a sign_n that_o the_o owner_n endeavour_v to_o recover_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v now_o under_o thing_n do_v be_v moral_o comprehend_v thing_n leave_v undo_v as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o that_o be_v to_o say_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o we_o may_v thereby_o guess_v at_o
it_o for_o what_o livy_n say_v of_o such_o as_o surrender_v themselves_o namely_o all_o be_v give_v up_o to_o the_o conqueror_n so_o that_o what_o he_o will_v take_v to_o himself_o and_o wherein_o and_o how_o far_o forth_o he_o will_v punish_v the_o conquer_a be_v whole_o in_o his_o own_o power_n the_o very_a same_o in_o a_o solemn_a war_n may_v be_v say_v of_o those_o that_o be_v conquer_v thus_o polybius_n they_o that_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o roman_n 8._o see_v book_n 1._o chap._n 4_o sect._n 8._o book_n 2._o ch._n 5._o sect._n 31._o book_n 3._o ch._n 5._o sect._n 2._o and_o ch._n 20._o sect._n 49._o vid._n ch._n 7._o sect._n 8._o do_v yield_v up_o in_o the_o first_o place_n their_o country_n and_o what_o town_n and_o city_n soever_o be_v therein_o together_o with_o all_o their_o man_n and_o woman_n that_o be_v in_o they_o then_o all_o their_o river_n and_o port_n and_o general_o all_o thing_n sacred_a and_o religious_a so_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o and_o they_o that_o thus_o surrender_v themselves_o have_v nothing_o leave_v and_o the_o self_n same_o right_n have_v the_o conqueror_n over_o those_o that_o be_v actual_o conquer_v in_o a_o solemn_a war._n for_o dedition_n do_v but_o voluntary_o yield_v up_o that_o which_o otherwise_o will_v be_v take_v away_o by_o force_n hannibal_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n be_v ready_a for_o battle_n with_o this_o argument_n whatsoever_o the_o roman_n have_v by_o so_o many_o conquest_n get_v and_o heap_v up_o shall_v together_o with_o themselves_o be_v we_o after_o the_o victory_n thus_o all_o that_o mithridates_n have_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n add_v to_o his_o own_o pompey_z by_z subdue_a he_o annex_v to_o the_o roman_a empire_n wherefore_o even_o those_o incorporeal_a right_n which_o former_o belong_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v now_o by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n the_o conqueror_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o please_v thus_o alba_n be_v subdue_v what_o right_n soever_o the_o alban_n enjoy_v be_v claim_v by_o the_o roman_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o thessalian_n stand_v full_o discharge_v of_o the_o hundred_o talent_n for_o which_o they_o stand_v bind_v to_o the_o theban_n when_o alexander_n the_o great_a conquer_a the_o theban_n have_v by_o the_o right_n of_o conquest_n forgive_v the_o debt_n neither_o be_v that_o altogether_o true_a that_o quintilian_n urge_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o theban_n namely_o that_o that_o only_o be_v the_o conqueror_n which_o he_o can_v lay_v hold_v on_o but_o that_o right_o which_o be_v incorporeal_a can_v be_v apprehend_v by_o any_o man_n hand_n and_o again_o that_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o heir_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o that_o of_o a_o conqueror_n be_v another_o because_o to_o the_o heir_n may_v pass_v the_o right_n but_o to_o the_o conqueror_n the_o thing_n for_o he_o that_o be_v master_n of_o the_o person_n be_v also_o master_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o of_o all_o the_o right_n belong_v to_o the_o person_n he_o that_o be_v himself_o possess_v as_o a_o slave_n can_v be_v say_v to_o possess_v any_o thing_n to_o himself_o neither_o can_v he_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o his_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o who_o have_v no_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o yea_o though_o the_o conqueror_n do_v grant_v unto_o the_o conquer_a jus_fw-la civitatis_fw-la the_o right_n of_o be_v a_o city_n yet_o may_v he_o take_v away_o and_o reserve_v to_o himself_o whatsoever_o he_o please_v out_o of_o what_o be_v the_o city_n it_o be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n to_o prescribe_v what_o bound_n he_o will_v to_o his_o own_o bounty_n thus_o caesar_n in_o imitation_n of_o that_o fact_n of_o alexander_n to_o the_o thessalian_n forgive_v a_o very_a great_a debt_n to_o the_o dyrrhachines_n which_o they_o owe_v to_o another_o city_n of_o the_o adverse_a part_n but_o here_o it_o may_v have_v be_v object_v that_o that_o war_n of_o caesar_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o that_o concern_v which_o this_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v institute_v so_o also_o we_o read_v that_o mark_n anthony_n command_v the_o tyrian_n to_o restore_v unto_o the_o jew_n what_o belong_v unto_o they_o as_o not_o be_v grant_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o roman_a senate_n and_o whereof_o they_o be_v possess_v before_o the_o war_n make_v with_o cassius_n as_o josephus_n relate_v it_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o right_n of_o those_o that_o return_v out_o of_o captivity_n i._o the_o original_n of_o the_o word_n postliminium_fw-la ii_o in_o what_o place_n this_o right_n take_v place_n iii_o by_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n some_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o return_v and_o some_o thing_n to_o be_v receive_v iv_o this_o right_o appertain_v both_o to_o war_n and_o peace_n and_o what_o if_o in_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n nothing_o be_v say_v v._o when_o a_o freeman_n during_o the_o war_n may_v return_v and_o be_v admit_v by_o this_o right_n vi_o what_o right_n he_o may_v receive_v and_o what_o he_o may_v not_o vii_o all_o right_n be_v recoverable_a from_o he_o viii_o why_o they_o that_o yield_v themselves_o be_v not_o admit_v to_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n ix_o when_o a_o people_n may_v obtain_v this_o right_n x._o in_o those_o that_o return_n by_o postliminy_n what_o thing_n be_v require_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n xi_o how_o servant_n be_v receive_v by_o postliminy_n how_o fugitive_n and_o how_o they_o be_v receive_v that_o be_v redeem_v xii_o whether_o a_o people_n former_o subject_v may_v recover_v their_o freedom_n by_o postliminy_n xiii_o that_o land_n may_v be_v receive_v by_o postliminy_n fourteen_o what_o difference_n be_v ancient_o make_v between_o thing_n movable_a xv._o what_o the_o law_n now_o determine_v concern_v thing_n movable_a xvi_o what_o thing_n may_v be_v receive_v that_o need_v not_o this_o right_n of_o postâ—iminy_n xvii_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v change_v something_n among_o their_o own_o subject_n xviii_o how_o postliminy_n be_v observe_v between_o those_o that_o be_v not_o enemy_n xix_o when_o this_o right_n may_v be_v now_o in_o force_n i._o postliminium_fw-la what_o it_o be_v there_o be_v none_o of_o our_o modern_a lawyer_n who_o have_v write_v any_o thing_n solid_o either_o concern_v thing_n take_v from_o the_o enemy_n or_o concern_v the_o right_n due_a unto_o they_o who_o have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n yet_o have_v either_o by_o favour_n force_n or_o fraud_n escape_v and_o get_v home_o again_o the_o ancient_a roman_n have_v handle_v this_o question_n somewhat_o more_o accurate_o but_o yet_o ofttimes_o so_o confuse_o that_o the_o reader_n can_v distinguish_v between_o what_o be_v due_a by_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n and_o what_o be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n concern_v the_o word_n postliminium_fw-la that_o opinion_n of_o servius_n be_v to_o be_v explode_v who_o hold_v that_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o word_n signify_v nothing_o that_o of_o scaevola_n please_v better_a who_o make_v it_o a_o compound_n word_n of_o post_n which_o signify_v a_o return_n or_o come_v from_o beyond_o and_o limen_n or_o limb_n which_o signify_v proper_o the_o threshold_n of_o a_o house_n or_o the_o utmost_a bound_n or_o frontier_n of_o a_o country_n for_o limen_n and_o limb_n though_o they_o differ_v no_o less_o in_o flection_n than_o in_o termination_n as_o materia_fw-la and_o matery_n yet_o be_v they_o both_o derive_v from_o that_o old_a verb_n limo_fw-la which_o signify_v transverse_a or_o overthwart_o eunuch_n aenead_n l._n 12._o eunuch_n as_o servius_n upon_o virgil_n and_o donatus_n upon_o terence_n observe_v from_o whence_o limb_n oculis_fw-la aliquem_fw-la intueri_fw-la be_v to_o look_v a_o squint_a upon_o a_o man_n though_o by_o the_o latter_a use_n of_o the_o word_n limen_n be_v refer_v to_o thing_n private_a and_o limb_n to_o thing_n public_a as_o to_o the_o bound_n or_o border_n of_o kingdom_n for_o as_o isidore_n note_n all_o oblique_a or_o cross-way_n the_o ancient_n call_v lima_n from_o whence_o the_o threshold_n of_o door_n over_o which_o we_o go_v in_o and_o out_o be_v call_v limina_fw-la ostiorum_fw-la so_o the_o ancient_n when_o they_o banish_v any_o man_n be_v say_v eliminare_fw-la to_o thrust_v he_o beyond_o their_o march_n and_o banishment_n they_o call_v eliminium_n a_o thrust_v out_o of_o their_o bound_n and_o territory_n ii_o postliminy_n therefore_o be_v a_o right_n that_o arise_v unto_o a_o man_n that_o be_v a_o captive_n upon_o his_o return_n from_o captivity_n that_o be_v upon_o his_o enter_v within_o the_o frontier_n of_o his_o own_o country_n so_o pomponius_n he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v return_v out_o of_o captivity_n that_o begin_v to_o be_v within_o our_o own_o garrison_n or_o as_o paulus_n say_v that_o enter_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o our_o territory_n but_o by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v by_o the_o
and_o call_v her_o holy_a mystery_n thefmophoria_n they_o doubtless_o insinuate_v that_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o cornfield_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a right_n for_o as_o a_o house_n or_o field_n unoccupied_a be_v common_a but_o if_o possess_v the_o possessor_n so_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a parcel_n that_o each_o man_n may_v till_o and_o hold_v his_o own_o iii_o that_o some_o thing_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o propriety_n as_o the_o sea_n take_v universal_o now_o these_o thing_n be_v admit_v we_o say_v that_o the_o sea_n consider_v either_o universal_o or_o as_o to_o its_o principal_a part_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o propriety_n by_o any_o this_o because_o grant_v by_o some_o as_o to_o private_a person_n only_o but_o not_o unto_o people_n or_o nation_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v first_o by_o moral_a reason_n for_o the_o cause_n that_o move_v man_n to_o decline_v their_o tenure_n of_o land_n in_o common_a do_v not_o at_o all_o hold_n in_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v so_o vast_a and_o boundless_a and_o ship_n and_o man_n thereon_o employ_v so_o few_o must_v needs_o be_v abundant_o sufficient_a to_o all_o nation_n and_o for_o all_o use_n whether_o for_o water_n fish_v or_o navigation_n the_o very_a same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o air_n if_o any_o such_o use_n can_v be_v make_v thereof_o whereunto_o the_o use_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a as_o in_o the_o sport_n of_o hawk_v and_o in_o the_o right_n of_o habitation_n both_o which_o do_v receive_v law_n from_o he_o who_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o as_o pomponius_n observe_v tam_fw-la soli_fw-la quam_fw-la coeli_fw-la mensura_fw-la facienda_fw-la est_fw-la and_o again_o cajus_n cujus_fw-la est_fw-la solum_fw-la ejus_fw-la est_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la coelum_fw-la who_o be_v the_o soil_n his_o be_v all_o that_o be_v above_o it_o even_o unto_o heaven_n the_o very_a same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o shelf_n and_o quicksand_n where_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v to_o grow_v and_o whereof_o there_o can_v be_v make_v no_o other_o use_n but_o to_o ballast_n ship_n bound_v the_o ocean_n not_o bound_v and_o whereof_o there_o be_v such_o store_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v exhaust_v there_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a reason_n why_o the_o sea_n so_o take_v can_v be_v hold_v in_o propriety_n because_o occupatio_fw-la non_fw-la procedit_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o re_fw-la terminata_fw-la nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v possess_v that_o be_v not_o bound_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o thucydides_n call_v land_n unoccupied_a land_n unbounded_a and_o isocrates_n paneg._n paneg._n of_o some_o land_n occupy_v by_o the_o athenian_n say_v that_o that_o land_n be_v by_o we_o bound_v and_o limit_v 2._o de_fw-fr gener_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 2._o now_o aristotle_n tell_v we_o that_o liquid_a thing_n can_v be_v contain_v within_o their_o own_o bound_n and_o if_o so_o than_o they_o can_v be_v possess_v unless_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o somewhat_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o comprehensive_a of_o they_o as_o pond_n lake_n and_o river_n be_v they_o proper_o who_o be_v the_o land_n be_v wherewith_o they_o be_v embank_v now_o the_o sea_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_a to_o it_o nay_o great_a than_o the_o earth_n earth_n great_a than_o the_o earth_n as_o jarcha_v in_o philostratus_n think_v of_o the_o ocean_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_n hold_v that_o the_o sea_n do_v contain_v the_o earth_n 11._o lib._n 3._o c._n 11._o what_o say_v gellius_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o the_o ocean_n when_o the_o ocean_n do_v every_o where_n circumscribe_v and_o encompass_v the_o earth_n and_o a_o little_a after_o since_o that_o every_o where_o and_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o way_n it_o flow_v about_o the_o earth_n nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o it_o but_o all_o region_n be_v entrench_v and_o environ_v with_o its_o wave_n whatsoever_o be_v enclose_v within_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o so_o likewise_o speak_v livy_n of_o the_o ocean_n qâ—i_fw-la orbem_fw-la terraram_fw-la amplexu_fw-la finit_a which_o encircle_n with_o its_o wave_n the_o terrestrial_a globe_n seneca_n call_v the_o ocean_n vinculum_fw-la totius_fw-la orbis_fw-la custodiaque_fw-la terrarum_fw-la the_o bond_n or_o ligament_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o nation_n neither_o be_v a_o division_n of_o that_o vast_a body_n of_o water_n to_o be_v imagine_v for_o when_o at_o the_o first_o land_n be_v divide_v the_o sea_n at_o least_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o no_o mean_n can_v possible_o be_v invent_v whereby_o the_o nation_n so_o far_o distant_a shall_v agree_v about_o the_o division_n of_o that_o which_o they_o know_v not_o wherefore_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o what_o then_o be_v the_o common_a right_n of_o all_o and_o in_o the_o first_o division_n be_v leave_v undivided_a be_v not_o now_o the_o proper_a right_n of_o any_o either_o people_n or_o person_n by_o division_n but_o by_o occupancy_n neither_o can_v be_v divide_v until_o they_o have_v first_o be_v occupy_v iu_o place_n not_o inhabit_v be_v his_o that_o first_o possess_v they_o let_v we_o now_o descend_v unto_o such_o thing_n wherein_o we_o may_v have_v a_o right_n of_o propriety_n though_o as_o yet_o we_o have_v none_o such_o be_v many_o place_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o desert_a and_o unoccupied_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n wild_a beast_n fish_n and_o bird_n concern_v which_o two_o thing_n be_v observable_a first_o concern_v place_n unpeople_v there_o be_v a_o twofold_n right_o of_o the_o occupancy_n of_o land_n the_o one_o universal_a or_o of_o the_o whole_a the_o other_o partial_a as_o that_o of_o manor_n and_o farm_n the_o former_a be_v usual_o gain_v at_o the_o charge_n and_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o people_n the_o other_o by_o private_a lord_n or_o farmer_n which_o be_v do_v rather_o by_o assignation_n from_o the_o former_a than_o by_o any_o free_a and_o unlimited_a occupancy_n but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o part_n or_o parcel_n of_o that_o country_n or_o island_n so_o universal_o occupy_v that_o be_v not_o yet_o assign_v to_o particular_a person_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v repute_v as_o waste_v but_o it_o be_v still_o suppose_a to_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o first_o occupant_n be_v they_o king_n or_o people_n such_o be_v usual_o river_n lake_n pond_n wood_n steep_a mountain_n and_o the_o like_a v._o bird_n beast_n and_o fish_n the_o first_o occupier_n unless_o restrain_v by_o law_n second_o as_o to_o wild_a beast_n fish_n and_o bird_n this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o dominion_n over_o the_o land_n and_o water_n may_v by_o his_o law_n interdict_v other_o from_o take_v they_o or_o be_v take_v from_o carry_v they_o away_o and_o by_o this_o law_n shall_v stranger_n also_o be_v oblige_v the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v moral_o necessary_a that_o whosoever_o shall_v sojourn_v among_o the_o people_n though_o but_o for_o a_o while_n yet_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v enter_v into_o their_o dominion_n he_o shall_v render_v himself_o conformable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o that_o people_n neither_o do_v it_o avail_v to_o the_o contrary_a to_o say_v that_o in_o the_o roman_a law_n we_o often_o read_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o man_n to_o hunt_v such_o kind_n of_o creature_n for_o this_o may_v be_v while_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a law_n to_o prohibit_v it_o as_o indeed_o there_o be_v many_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v leave_v free_a and_o arbitrary_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n which_o the_o law_n of_o other_o nation_n do_v severe_o restrain_v free_n though_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v enjoin_v nothing_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v yet_o it_o may_v bind_v that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v free_n but_o when_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v otherwise_o decree_v it_o than_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v require_v that_o we_o shall_v observe_v it_o for_o although_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v enjoin_v nothing_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v nor_o forbid_v any_o thing_n that_o it_o command_v yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v limit_v and_o circumscribe_v that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v free_a and_o forbid_v that_o which_o natural_o may_v be_v lawful_a and_o so_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v by_o interpose_v her_o authority_n prevent_v that_o dominion_n which_o natural_o may_v be_v acquire_v vi_o in_o time_n of_o necessity_n what_o
of_o some_o fact_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o some_o effect_n remain_v to_o another_o such_o as_o to_o thing_n be_v the_o concession_n of_o the_o use_n of_o they_o which_o be_v call_v lend_v and_o as_o to_o fact_n the_o performance_n of_o some_o work_n that_o be_v costly_a or_o obligatory_a which_o be_v call_v a_o mandate_n or_o charge_n whereof_o one_o species_n be_v something_o deposit_v or_o commit_v to_o our_o trust_n as_o namely_o our_o labour_n in_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o thing_n now_o like_a unto_o these_o act_n be_v our_o promise_n of_o these_o act_n but_o that_o these_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v do_v extend_v to_o the_o time_n to_o come_v which_o also_o we_o will_v have_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o those_o act_n which_o be_v now_o to_o be_v explain_v iii_o and_o into_o such_o as_o be_v permutatory_n of_o such_o act_n as_o do_v infer_v profit_n by_o exchange_n some_z divide_z and_o dissipate_v the_o part_n other_o unite_v they_o and_o so_o introduce_v communion_n those_o which_o divide_v and_o separate_v the_o part_n the_o roman_a lawyer_n right_o distinguish_v into_o these_o three_o head_n do_v ut_fw-mi des_fw-mi facere_fw-la ut_fw-la facias_fw-la facere_fw-la ut_fw-la des._n first_o when_o we_o exchange_v one_o thing_n for_o another_o the_o agreement_n run_v thus_o i_o will_v give_v you_o this_o if_o you_o will_v give_v i_o that_o 2._o when_o we_o truck_v deed_n than_o it_o run_v thus_o i_o will_v do_v this_o for_o you_o if_o you_o will_v do_v that_o for_o i_o the_o 3d._n be_v mix_v as_o when_o we_o agree_v that_o if_o i_o do_v this_o for_o you_o than_o you_o shall_v give_v i_o that_o as_o the_o price_n or_o reward_n of_o my_o pain_n but_o the_o roman_a lawyer_n do_v exempt_a from_o this_o division_n some_o contract_n which_o they_o call_v nominati_fw-la not_o so_o much_o because_o they_o have_v proper_a name_n for_o so_o have_v those_o contract_n which_o be_v make_v by_o exchange_n also_o which_o they_o will_v not_o admit_v among_o their_o nominate_v contract_v but_o because_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o more_o frequent_a and_o ordinary_a use_n they_o have_v receive_v some_o certain_a force_n and_o be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n that_o though_o nothing_o at_o all_o have_v be_v particular_o say_v yet_o by_o their_o very_a name_n they_o may_v have_v be_v sufficient_o understand_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o to_o those_o there_o be_v certain_a set_v form_n of_o action_n appoint_v whereas_o to_o other_o that_o be_v less_o ordinary_a that_o common_a form_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o the_o plea_n must_v be_v make_v in_o a_o form_n fit_v to_o the_o fact_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o prescript_n word_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o other_o cause_n but_o this_o of_o frequent_a use_n why_o in_o these_o nominate_v convention_n if_o some_o thing_n requisite_a to_o a_o contract_n be_v by_o both_o party_n assent_v unto_o as_o in_o the_o sale_n of_o any_o thing_n if_o the_o price_n be_v on_o both_o side_n agree_v on_o yea_o though_o the_o matter_n be_v yet_o entire_a that_o be_v if_o there_o be_v no_o money_n pay_v nor_o any_o thing_n perform_v on_o either_o side_n yet_o be_v there_o enjoin_v a_o necessity_n of_o fulfil_v the_o contract_n on_o both_o side_n whereas_o in_o contract_v not_o so_o frequent_a whilst_o thing_n stand_v entire_a and_o nothing_o on_o either_o side_n perform_v there_o be_v indulge_v unto_o they_o a_o liberty_n to_o retract_v that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o may_v without_o any_o penalty_n revoke_v for_o the_o civil_a law_n restrain_v all_o coercive_a power_n from_o such_o contract_n and_o leave_v they_o whole_o to_o the_o faith_n and_o honesty_n of_o the_o contractor_n but_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n take_v no_o cognizance_n of_o these_o distinction_n for_o neither_o be_v those_o contract_n which_o they_o call_v innominate_v either_o less_o natural_a or_o less_o ancient_a nay_o even_o barter_n which_o they_o reckon_v among_o those_o that_o be_v innominate_v be_v both_o more_o simple_a and_o more_o ancient_a than_o those_o make_v by_o bargain_n and_o sale_n thus_o tacitus_n testify_v of_o the_o german_n that_o they_o use_v the_o more_o simple_a and_o ancient_a way_n of_o traffic_n that_o be_v by_o exchange_n of_o commodity_n for_o as_o servius_n right_o observe_v our_o ancestor_n do_v only_o exchange_v one_o thing_n for_o another_o how_o much_o more_o happy_a be_v that_o age_n say_v pliny_n when_o man_n exchange_v good_n for_o good_n the_o native_a commodity_n of_o one_o country_n for_o those_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o another_o the_o like_a he_o relate_v of_o the_o seres_z a_o people_n of_o scythia_n who_o have_v expose_v their_o native_a commodity_n to_o sale_n on_o the_o far_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n they_o take_v away_o what_o they_o find_v to_o be_v set_v by_o it_o if_o they_o be_v please_v with_o the_o exchange_n which_o kind_n of_o barter_v of_o commodity_n be_v yet_o in_o use_n in_o some_o part_n of_o africa_n we_o therefore_o take_v nature_n for_o our_o best_a guide_n do_v reduce_v all_o diremptory_a contract_n without_o take_v any_o cognizance_n of_o that_o roman_a distinction_n of_o nominate_v and_o innominate_v agreement_n unto_o these_o three_o head_n before_o name_v when_o we_o give_v to_o receive_v we_o either_o barter_v one_o thing_n for_o another_o which_o doubtless_o be_v the_o ancient_a way_n of_o traffic_n or_o we_o receive_v money_n for_o money_n as_o by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n or_o we_o receive_v good_n for_o money_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v or_o we_o receive_v the_o use_n of_o a_o thing_n for_o another_o thing_n or_o the_o use_n of_o one_o thing_n for_o the_o use_n of_o another_o or_o the_o use_n of_o a_o thing_n for_o money_n as_o in_o thing_n let_v and_o take_v to_o hire_v by_o the_o use_n of_o thing_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v not_o only_o the_o bare_a use_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o also_o the_o fruit_n profit_n or_o proceed_v of_o it_o whether_o temporary_a personal_a hereditary_a or_o any_o other_o way_n however_o limit_v or_o circumscribe_v as_o among_o the_o hebrew_n that_o which_o be_v hold_v until_o the_o next_o jubilee_n some_o thing_n be_v give_v that_o after_o some_o interval_n of_o time_n be_v to_o be_v restore_v either_o in_o kind_n or_o to_o the_o same_o value_n as_o in_o thing_n that_o be_v lend_v and_o this_o kind_n of_o permutation_n be_v chief_o use_v where_o the_o thing_n exchange_v do_v consist_v in_o number_n measure_n or_o weight_n whether_o it_o be_v money_n or_o other_o thing_n the_o exchange_n of_o deed_n for_o deed_n do_v infinite_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o no_o less_o infinite_a variety_n of_o humane_a action_n but_o when_o we_o do_v that_o we_o may_v receive_v it_o be_v either_o work_n do_v for_o money_n as_o when_o for_o our_o daily_a labour_n we_o receive_v wage_n and_o this_o also_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o let_v ourselves_o to_o hire_v for_o profit_n in_o our_o several_a calling_n or_o when_o by_o our_o voluntary_a act_n we_o undertake_v to_o secure_v another_o man_n good_n from_o all_o casualty_n or_o contingent_a misfortune_n insurance_n insurance_n which_o manner_n of_o contract_n be_v hardly_o know_v to_o former_a age_n though_o now_o of_o frequent_a use_n or_o when_o we_o do_v somewhat_o to_o receive_v either_o thing_n or_o the_o use_n of_o thing_n for_o our_o pain_n iv_o as_o into_o such_o as_o be_v communicatory_a but_o such_o act_n as_o be_v communicatory_a do_v contribute_v either_o deed_n or_o thing_n or_o on_o the_o one_o side_n thing_n and_o on_o the_o other_o deed_n towards_o some_o public_a benefit_n all_o which_o be_v comprise_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o society_n or_o confederacy_n under_o which_o also_o we_o comprehend_v that_o of_o war_n when_o private_a man_n combine_v together_o to_o equip_v a_o fleet_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n against_o pirate_n or_o against_o such_o as_o invade_v they_o and_o such_o a_o combination_n be_v vulgar_o call_v the_o admiralty_n v._o act_v mix_v be_v either_o so_o principal_o but_o such_o act_n as_o we_o call_v mix_v be_v either_o principal_o and_o original_o so_o or_o be_v make_v so_o by_o the_o accession_n of_o some_o other_o as_o if_o i_o shall_v know_o give_v more_o for_o a_o thing_n than_o it_o be_v worth_a or_o than_o i_o can_v buy_v it_o for_o of_o another_o it_o be_v a_o mix_a act_n partly_o a_o gift_n and_o partly_o a_o buy_v so_o if_o i_o do_v contract_n with_o a_o goldsmith_n for_o so_o much_o money_n to_o make_v i_o so_o many_o ring_n of_o his_o own_o gold_n it_o be_v a_o mix_a act_n for_o i_o buy_v the_o gold_n and_o hire_v the_o workman_n and_o thus_o it_o happen_v also_o in_o society_n as_o that_o one_o part_n shall_v contribute_v deed_n and_o money_n but_o the_o other_o money_n only_o so_o likewise_o the_o grant_n of_o
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o savageness_n proper_a to_o wild_a beast_n only_o and_o so_o do_v seneca_n 7._o lib._n 2._o the_o clem_v cap._n 7._o non_fw-la crudelitatem_fw-la sed_fw-la feritatem_fw-la dicimus_fw-la we_o can_v so_o proper_o call_v it_o cruelty_n as_o a_o kind_n of_o savage_a fierceness_n to_o delight_v in_o blood_n we_o may_v also_o call_v it_o madness_n whereof_o as_o there_o be_v divers_a kind_n so_o be_v there_o divers_a symptom_n but_o none_o more_o certain_a than_o that_o which_o delight_v in_o humane_a slaughter_n wherewith_o accord_v that_o of_o aristotle_n he_o be_v cruel_a with_o a_o witness_n who_o be_v so_o far_o transport_v with_o a_o thirst_n after_o humane_a blood_n that_o he_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o friend_n and_o foe_n and_o that_o also_o of_o dion_n prusiensis_fw-la to_o engage_v ourselves_o in_o unnecessary_a war_n and_o to_o rush_v into_o battle_n without_o any_o provocation_n be_v a_o mere_a madness_n so_o likewise_o say_v seneca_n 37._o orat._n 37._o there_o be_v few_o or_o none_o so_o savage_a as_o to_o shed_v humane_a blood_n prodigal_o and_o that_o for_o blood_n sake_n only_o iii_o the_o war_n that_o have_v no_o justify_v cause_n be_v but_o predatory_a most_o man_n that_o make_v war_n have_v some_o cause_n that_o move_v they_o thereto_o some_o whereof_z have_v matter_n sufficient_a to_o justify_v they_o other_o none_o at_o all_o of_o this_o latter_a sort_n be_v that_o war_n make_v by_o the_o heruli_n against_o the_o lombard_n a_o war_n without_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o and_o such_o be_v the_o war_n make_v by_o the_o gaul_n as_o livy_n testify_v who_o think_v the_o best_a right_a to_o consist_v in_o their_o arm_n and_o that_o the_o long_a sword_n may_v take_v all_o but_o in_o the_o account_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n qui_fw-la rogatus_fw-la de_fw-fr possidendi_fw-la causa_fw-la nullam_fw-la aliam_fw-la adfert_fw-la quam_fw-la quod_fw-la possideat_fw-la praedae_fw-la est_fw-la he_o who_o be_v demand_v by_o what_o right_a he_o hold_v any_o thing_n can_v show_v none_o but_o that_o have_v get_v it_o he_o will_v keep_v it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o thief_n a_o pirate_n or_o a_o usurper_n of_o another_o man_n right_a so_o aristotle_n of_o such_o as_o excite_v other_o to_o war_n say_v that_o they_o regard_v not_o at_o all_o whether_o to_o subdue_v their_o innocent_a neighbour_n be_v just_a or_o not_o such_o a_o one_o be_v brennus_n who_o hold_v that_o he_o have_v the_o best_a right_n to_o all_o who_o be_v strong_a of_o all_o such_o a_o one_o silius_n thought_n annibal_n to_o be_v pro_fw-la foedere_fw-la próque_fw-la justitia_fw-la est_fw-la ensis_fw-la who_o sword_n do_v awe_v both_o league_n and_o law_n and_o such_o be_v attila_n and_o all_o those_o who_o look_v not_o at_o the_o cause_n but_o at_o the_o success_n of_o war_n according_a to_o that_o vulgar_a say_n of_o most_o soldier_n quaeritur_fw-la belli_fw-la exitus_fw-la non_fw-la causa_fw-la it_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n but_o the_o end_n that_o crown_v the_o war._n for_o when_o once_o the_o dispute_n come_v to_o blow_n the_o vanquish_a party_n can_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o argument_n convince_v the_o conqueror_n that_o he_o be_v in_o a_o error_n nor_o shall_v reason_n be_v hear_v when_o the_o sword_n have_v decide_v the_o quarrel_n haec_fw-la acies_fw-la victum_fw-la factura_fw-la nocentem_fw-la est_fw-la this_o battle_n will_v the_o vanquish_v guilty_a make_v for_o let_v the_o cause_n be_v what_o it_o will_v the_o conquer_a party_n must_v be_v guilty_a still_o whereunto_o that_o of_o st_n augustine_n may_v very_o fit_o be_v apply_v 6._o de_fw-fr civit._n l._n 4._o c._n 6._o to_o invade_v the_o dominion_n of_o our_o neighbour_n prince_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o success_n to_o proceed_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o waste_v their_o country_n and_o out_o of_o mere_a ambition_n to_o destroy_v those_o who_o never_o injure_v we_o quid_fw-la aliud_fw-la nisi_fw-la grande_fw-fr latrocinium_fw-la nominandum_fw-la est_fw-la what_o can_v we_o call_v this_o but_o a_o grand_a robbery_n of_o such_o war_n as_o these_o thus_o speak_v vellejus_n that_o they_o be_v make_v for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o for_o pay_v and_o plunder_v so_o think_v cicero_n also_o that_o pride_n and_o haughtiness_n of_o spirit_n â—_o de_fw-fr off._n lib._n â—_o whereby_o we_o confront_v danger_n and_o endure_v all_o manner_n of_o hardship_n be_v no_o part_n of_o true_a valour_n if_o justice_n be_v want_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n speak_v agathias_n 2._o lib._n 2._o they_o who_o be_v transport_v either_o with_o a_o insatiable_a desire_n of_o rule_n or_o of_o riches_n or_o by_o a_o violent_a hatred_n shall_v without_o any_o other_o cause_n invade_v another_o man_n dominion_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o offend_v those_o that_o be_v inoffensive_a these_o man_n say_v he_o be_v both_o proud_a and_o dishonest_a of_o the_o same_o mind_n be_v andronicus_n rhodius_n they_o who_o to_o enrich_v themselves_o do_v rob_v other_o be_v account_v wicked_a impious_a and_o unjust_a and_o such_o be_v tyrant_n and_o they_o who_o for_o plunder_v make_v city_n desolate_a 1._o ferinum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la caedes_fw-la &_o vastationes_fw-la nulla_fw-la accepta_fw-la injuria_fw-la venire_fw-la see_v bo._n 2._o chap._n 1._o §._o 1._o concern_v who_o philo_n upon_o the_o decalogue_n write_v thus_o they_o that_o have_v get_v the_o power_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n that_o spoil_v whole_a city_n be_v secure_v from_o punishment_n by_o be_v above_o the_o law_n these_o be_v man_n of_o a_o barbarous_a nature_n ambitious_a of_o rule_n and_o dominion_n commit_v great_a robbery_n yet_o cloak_v their_o villainy_n under_o the_o specious_a name_n of_o magistracy_n and_o empire_n which_o may_v more_o proper_o be_v call_v notorious_a villainy_n for_o to_o waste_v and_o depopulate_v country_n be_v by_o no_o injury_n provoke_v be_v brutish_a cruelty_n iv_o some_o cause_n be_v specious_a but_o not_o just_a other_o there_o be_v that_o pretend_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o just_a and_o warrantable_a ground_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v thorough_o search_v into_o will_v be_v find_v unjust_a and_o as_o livy_n speak_v a_o contest_v not_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o law_n or_o justice_n but_o by_o plain_a force_n some_o prince_n say_v plutarch_n make_v the_o same_o use_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n as_o private_a man_n do_v of_o money_n not_o always_o for_o just_a end_n but_o for_o end_n suitable_a to_o their_o own_o fancy_n now_o though_o what_o cause_n be_v unjust_a may_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n know_v by_o those_o that_o be_v just_a rectum_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la obliqui_fw-la judex_fw-la for_o by_o a_o line_n that_o be_v straight_o we_o may_v easy_o discern_v that_o which_o be_v crooked_a yet_o for_o plainness_n and_o perspicuity_n we_o shall_v insist_v upon_o the_o principal_a head_n of_o they_o v._o as_o a_o uncertain_a fear_n and_o first_o our_o fear_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o swell_a power_n of_o our_o neighbour_n prince_n be_v no_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o a_o just_a war_n for_o that_o our_o defence_n by_o arm_n be_v just_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v necessary_a which_o it_o can_v be_v unless_o we_o be_v most_o assure_v not_o only_o that_o he_o against_o who_o we_o make_v war_n have_v a_o power_n to_o do_v we_o wrong_n but_o that_o he_o have_v also_o a_o full_a purpose_n and_o resolution_n so_o to_o do_v which_o certain_o ought_v to_o be_v such_o as_o take_v place_n in_o moral_a matter_n that_o therefore_o our_o neighbour_n be_v not_o restrain_v by_o any_o former_a agreement_n build_v a_o fort_n in_o any_o part_n of_o his_o own_o dominion_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v be_v hereafter_o annoy_v be_v no_o just_a ground_n for_o we_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o because_o for_o prevention_n we_o also_o may_v do_v the_o like_a in_o any_o part_n of_o our_o own_o territory_n 1._o zonaras_n pausanias_n lib._n 1._o or_o apply_v ourselves_o to_o other_o the_o like_a remedy_n and_o not_o by_o war._n whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o war_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n against_o philip_n of_o macedon_n and_o that_o make_v by_o lysimachus_n against_o demetrius_n be_v unjust_a unless_o warrant_v by_o the_o access_n of_o some_o other_o cause_n cauchi_n the_o cauchi_n i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v with_o that_o of_o tacitus_n concern_v the_o cauchi_n the_o noble_a people_n of_o all_o germany_n who_o say_v he_o support_v their_o grandeur_n by_o justice_n without_o any_o extraordinary_a affectation_n either_o of_o glory_n or_o riches_n and_o yet_o without_o any_o disability_n or_o want_n of_o power_n to_o either_o they_o live_v quiet_o and_o without_o noise_n provoke_v no_o war_n nor_o be_v they_o waste_v by_o spoil_n or_o pillage_n spain_n though_o our_o own_o uncertain_a fear_n be_v no_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o we_o to_o make_v war_n yet_o may_v we_o use_v all_o lawful_a mean_n cautious_o to_o prevent_v danger_n before_o they_o fall_v this_o be_v
think_v worthy_a to_o be_v observe_v yet_o shall_v goodness_n and_o common_a humanity_n prevail_v with_o all_o man_n but_o especial_o christian_n to_o pass_v by_o small_a fault_n but_o chief_o if_o repent_v of_o for_o as_o the_o poet_n speak_v quem_fw-la poenitet_fw-la peccâsse_fw-la pene_fw-la est_fw-la innocens_fw-la he_o be_v almost_o guiltless_a who_o be_v penitent_a but_o yet_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v the_o better_o preserve_v refer_v yet_o small_a offence_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o these_o of_o small_a concernment_n this_o clause_n ought_v be_v add_v that_o in_o case_n any_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v break_v it_o shall_v not_o amount_v so_o high_a as_o to_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n but_o that_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v first_o put_v to_o reference_n before_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o take_v arm_n which_o we_o find_v add_v to_o the_o peloponnesian_a league_n record_v by_o thucydides_n xxxvi_o or_o some_o punishment_n for_o they_o inflict_v and_o i_o be_o clear_a of_o opinion_n that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v do_v in_o case_n some_o special_a punishment_n be_v insert_v in_o those_o article_n not_o that_o i_o be_o ignorant_a that_o such_o a_o agreement_n there_o may_v be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v either_o to_o accept_v of_o some_o punishment_n or_o to_o null_a the_o peace_n but_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n may_v be_v such_o as_o require_v rather_o that_o 14._o lib._n 3._o c._n 19_o §._o 14._o than_o this_o beside_o what_o i_o have_v former_o say_v and_o prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o history_n be_v evident_a that_o he_o that_o fulfil_v not_o his_o promise_n be_v first_o fail_v break_v not_o the_o peace_n for_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v but_o under_o condition_n xxxvii_o what_o if_o hinder_v by_o necessity_n but_o if_o the_o nonperformance_n of_o what_o be_v agree_v unto_o be_v occasion_v through_o necessity_n as_o if_o the_o thing_n promise_v be_v take_v away_o or_o perish_v or_o if_o what_o be_v agree_v to_o have_v be_v do_v be_v by_o any_o chance_n or_o casualty_n render_v impossible_a the_o peace_n shall_v not_o be_v deem_v as_o break_v for_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o peace_n do_v not_o usual_o depend_v on_o such_o condition_n as_o be_v casual_a but_o the_o other_o party_n shall_v be_v at_o his_o choice_n whether_o he_o have_v rather_o expect_v the_o performance_n of_o that_o promise_n hereafter_o if_o there_o remain_v any_o hope_n that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v though_o late_a or_o receive_v to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o thing_n promise_v or_o last_o whether_o he_o have_v rather_o be_v discharge_v from_o some_o other_o thing_n mutual_o promise_v and_o answerable_a to_o that_o in_o this_o article_n and_o that_o be_v think_v equivalent_a to_o it_o xxxviii_o yet_o if_o the_o innocent_a party_n will_v the_o peace_n be_v not_o break_v it_o be_v certain_o a_o argument_n of_o great_a integrity_n in_o the_o innocent_a party_n to_o preserve_v the_o peace_n even_o with_o those_o who_o have_v often_o break_v their_o faith_n as_o scipio_n do_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n notwithstanding_o their_o many_o perfidious_a deal_n with_o they_o because_o no_o man_n can_v possible_o cancel_v his_o obligation_n by_o do_v contrary_a unto_o it_o for_o although_o it_o be_v express_v that_o by_o such_o a_o contrary_a fact_n the_o peace_n shall_v be_v break_v yet_o be_v this_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o it_o shall_v lie_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o innocent_a person_n whether_o he_o will_v make_v such_o a_o advantage_n thereof_o or_o not_o thirty-nine_o the_o three_o way_n of_o break_a peace_n last_o we_o say_v that_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v break_v by_o do_v that_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o special_a nature_n of_o every_o peace_n xl._n what_o fall_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o friendship_n thus_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v contrary_a to_o friendship_n do_v break_v that_o peace_n that_o be_v contract_v under_o condition_n of_o friendship_n for_o look_v what_o the_o duty_n of_o friendship_n may_v require_v from_o other_o ought_v also_o to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o right_n of_o this_o agreement_n and_o to_o this_o though_o not_o to_o every_o peace_n for_o some_o there_o be_v that_o be_v not_o tie_v up_o to_o this_o condition_n gabin_n pro_fw-la gabin_n as_o pomponius_n observe_v may_v we_o refer_v many_o of_o those_o dissertation_n which_o civilian_n handle_v concern_v such_o injury_n and_o contumely_n as_o be_v commit_v without_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o particular_o that_o of_o tully_n if_o after_o peace_n make_v any_o thing_n be_v commit_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v account_v as_o a_o bare_a neglect_n but_o as_o a_o wilful_a breach_n neither_o shall_v it_o be_v impute_v to_o impudence_n but_o unto_o perfidiousness_n and_o even_o here_o also_o as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v we_o be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o we_o judge_v not_o of_o the_o fact_n invidious_o if_o therefore_o a_o injury_n be_v do_v against_o either_o our_o ally_n or_o subject_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v impute_v to_o he_o with_o who_o we_o have_v make_v peace_n unless_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o his_o instigation_n according_a to_o which_o natural_a equity_n do_v the_o roman_a law_n proceed_v concern_v such_o act_n of_o cruelty_n as_o be_v do_v against_o servant_n as_o adultery_n and_o ravishment_n be_v impute_v rather_o to_o act_n of_o unbridled_a lust_n than_o of_o hatred_n and_o so_o the_o invade_v of_o another_o man_n right_n be_v adjudge_v as_o a_o act_n of_o covetousness_n rather_o than_o of_o treachery_n cruel_a threaten_n whither_o by_o word_n or_o sign_n unless_o it_o be_v upon_o some_o new_a cause_n give_v can_v consist_v with_o friendship_n no_o more_o than_o can_v the_o erect_n of_o new_a fort_n and_o bulwark_n upon_o the_o frontier_n when_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o for_o defence_n as_o offence_n so_o also_o the_o more_o than_o ordinary_a preparation_n for_o war_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n if_o he_o with_o who_o the_o peace_n be_v make_v have_v ground_n enough_o to_o believe_v that_o they_o be_v make_v against_o none_o but_o against_o himself_o xli_o to_o receive_v exile_n whether_o contrary_a to_o friendship_n the_o reception_n of_o such_o particular_a person_n as_o be_v willing_a to_o transplant_v themselves_o from_o one_o prince_n dominion_n to_o another_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o friendship_n for_o this_o freedom_n be_v not_o only_o natural_a but_o benign_a whereunto_o we_o may_v likewise_o add_v the_o receive_n of_o exile_n for_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o prove_v out_o of_o euripides_n 24._o euripides_n lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o §._o 24._o over_o such_o the_o city_n or_o prince_n that_o banish_v they_o can_v have_v no_o power_n what_o advantage_n be_v it_o say_v perseus_n in_o livy_n 42._o livy_n lib._n 42._o that_o every_o man_n have_v power_n to_o banish_v himself_o if_o there_o be_v no_o place_n leave_v he_o to_o fly_v unto_o and_o this_o aristides_n call_v a_o right_a common_a to_o all_o mankind_n to_o receive_v person_n banish_v 2._o banish_v leuctr_n 2._o solon_n will_v not_o admit_v that_o any_o stranger_n shall_v be_v enroll_v among_o his_o citizen_n but_o such_o as_o have_v be_v for_o ever_o banish_v their_o own_o country_n or_o such_o as_o come_v with_o their_o whole_a family_n to_o athens_n there_o to_o exercise_v some_o craft_n or_o manufacture_n perseus_n in_o appian_n plead_v thus_o with_o the_o roman_n concern_v his_o receive_n of_o some_o fugitive_n what_o i_o do_v say_v he_o be_v justifiable_a by_o the_o common_a right_n of_o all_o mankind_n which_o you_o yourselves_o also_o do_v sometime_o which_o likewise_o be_v usual_o confirm_v by_o mutual_a covenant_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o peace_n make_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o persian_n the_o like_a do_v strabo_n testify_v of_o the_o aradii_fw-la who_o whilst_o the_o king_n of_o syria_n be_v at_o war_n among_o themselves_o obtain_v this_o liberty_n that_o they_o may_v receive_v what_o fugitive_n they_o please_v but_o send_v away_o none_o but_o as_o to_o wall_a town_n or_o any_o great_a multitude_n that_o do_v constitute_v any_o one_o entire_a part_n of_o a_o city_n that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o prince_n to_o receive_v these_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o persian_n and_o the_o roman_n 24._o lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o §._o 24._o because_o king_n lazus_n at_o the_o solicitation_n of_o the_o consul_n have_v revolt_v to_o the_o roman_n neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a to_o receive_v such_o as_o be_v bind_v either_o by_o oath_n or_o otherwise_o to_o perform_v duty_n or_o service_n to_o another_o prince_n the_o like_a have_v sometime_o be_v introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n among_o some_o people_n
of_o they_o 201._o give_v by_o do_v or_o not_o do_v ibid._n direct_o or_o by_o consequence_n page_n 400_o damage_n do_v by_o another_o and_o the_o obligation_n thence_o 200._o do_v to_o our_o honour_n and_o fame_n how_o repair_v 204._o who_o occasion_n bind_v to_o reparation_n 200._o if_o do_v in_o war_n no_o action_n arise_v 547._o in_o war_n remit_v peace_n be_v agree_v page_n 546_o 547_o danger_n to_o prevent_v by_o treachery_n poison_n etc._n etc._n whether_o it_o justify_v the_o kill_n of_o any_o man_n 72._o to_o prevent_v we_o be_v sometime_o enforce_v on_o sin_n 378._o in_o thing_n equal_o doubtful_a choose_v that_o which_o have_v least_o danger_n page_n 412_o david_n how_o far_o forth_o he_o resist_v saul_n page_n 60_o debt_n not_o strict_o due_a not_o to_o be_v recover_v by_o war_n page_n 409_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o conquer_a may_v be_v remit_v by_o the_o conqueror_n page_n 410_o 411_o for_o debt_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o subject_n good_n liable_a 446._o upon_o breach_n of_o faith_n not_o to_o be_v sue_v for_o 211_o 212._o of_o one_o private_a man_n anoh_o ers_a good_n not_o oblige_a page_n 446_o debt_n of_o mercy_n liberality_n and_o gratitude_n not_o recoverable_a by_o law_n page_n 151_o decalogue_n the_o four_o first_o precept_n explain_v page_n 387_o etc._n etc._n deceit_n sometime_o take_v in_o a_o good_a sense_n 437_o 438._o dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la take_v for_o that_o which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o natural_a right_a page_n 147_o a_o deceitful_a contract_n to_o what_o restitution_n bind_v page_n 203_o dedition_n conditional_a and_o its_o effect_n 183._o pure_a how_o far_o it_o extend_v 553._o what_o in_o equity_n be_v to_o be_v impose_v on_o they_o 553_o 554_o see_v surrender_n defensive_a act_n break_v not_o the_o peace_n page_n 548_o defence_n we_o owe_v to_o the_o innocent_a and_o when_o page_n 424_o defendant_n in_o a_o just_a cause_n gather_v courage_n from_o a_o good_a conscience_n page_n 76_o defence_n in_o a_o public_a war_n ibid._n of_o our_o limb_n whether_o it_o justify_v the_o kill_n of_o any_o man_n or_o of_o chastity_n page_n 72_o he_o who_o duty_n it_o be_v to_o defend_v other_o ought_v not_o rash_o to_o run_v himself_o into_o danger_n page_n 73_o defensive_a war_n lawful_a yet_o against_o the_o aggressor_n only_o and_o where_o the_o danger_n be_v certain_a and_o not_o opinionative_n only_a page_n 71_o 76_o defence_n in_o those_o who_o have_v give_v just_a cause_n of_o war_n unlawful_a unless_o ample_a satisfaction_n be_v first_o tender_v page_n 77_o in_o defence_n of_o our_o good_n to_o kill_v a_o man_n natural_o lawful_a page_n 74_o delay_n in_o perform_v article_n of_o agreement_n when_o only_o to_o be_v admit_v page_n 548_o delivery_n not_o necessary_a to_o transfer_v dominion_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n page_n 140_o degree_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v belove_v page_n 23_o demosthenes_n apologue_n of_o wolf_n and_o sheep_n page_n 423_o the_o denial_n of_o just_a thing_n justify_v the_o take_n of_o they_o page_n 86_o war_n be_v sufficient_o denounce_v though_o at_o the_o next_o garrison_n page_n 454_o denunciation_n its_o form_n 453._o conditional_a require_v either_o restitution_n reparation_n or_o punishment_n 453._o to_o be_v make_v by_o he_o that_o require_v satisfaction_n page_n 453_o 454_o before_o denunciation_n to_o make_v war_n unjust_a 452._o why_o necessary_a to_o a_o solemn_a war_n 454._o absolute_a when_o necessary_a 453._o whether_o necessary_a the_o right_n of_o ambassador_n violate_a page_n 455_o war_n denounce_v against_o a_o prince_n be_v so_o against_o his_o subject_n and_o adherent_n page_v 454_o war_n without_o denunciation_n in_o what_o case_n lawful_a page_n 452_o in_o denounce_v of_o war_n what_o nature_n strict_o require_v not_o may_v be_v honest_o and_o laudable_o do_v ibid._n deposit_v thing_n after_o confiscation_n must_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o exchequer_n not_o to_o the_o owner_n page_n 147_o the_o difference_n between_o thing_n deposit_v lend_v and_o pawn_v and_o of_o their_o obligation_n page_n 160_o 161_o dereliction_n when_o presume_v 98._o of_o empire_n example_n page_n 100_o to_o destroy_v thing_n profitable_a to_o we_o and_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o enemy_n folly_n 511._o multitude_n without_o distinction_n inhuman_a page_n 434_o desert_n place_n and_o land_n untilled_a give_v to_o stranger_n page_n 85_o thing_n clear_o deserted_n be_v the_o next_o occupants_n page_n 95_o despair_n make_v enemy_n invincible_a page_n 516_o not_o the_o bare_a detention_n but_o the_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o that_o which_o be_v another_o make_v it_o we_o page_v 122_o the_o detention_n of_o thing_n take_v in_o a_o unjust_a war_n bind_v to_o restitution_n page_n 496_o devil_n who_o worship_n or_o man_n vice_n or_o that_o offer_v humane_a sacrifice_n to_o be_v persecute_v by_o all_o page_n 389_o dictator_n of_o rome_n have_v for_o a_o time_n kingly_a power_n page_n 40_o 42_o difference_n between_o prince_n how_o compose_a page_n 412_o 413_o diffidare_fw-la what_o page_n 454_o disability_n in_o a_o prince_n supply_v by_o a_o viceroy_n page_n 145_o discipline_n loose_a no_o distinction_n between_o friend_n and_o foe_n 533._o make_v soldier_n seem_v senator_n 531_o 532._o military_a the_o end_n of_o the_o roman_a and_o spartan_a law_n page_n 524_o discovery_n of_o place_n preoccupyed_n no_o cause_n of_o war_n page_n 406_o dispensation_n from_o penal_a law_n lawful_a 377._o distinguish_v from_o equity_n ibid._n to_o dispense_v with_o oath_n once_o in_o prince_n now_o in_o ecclesiastic_n page_v 174_o dissimulation_n whether_o lawful_a 438._o where_o truth_n be_v our_o guide_n and_o profit_v its_o companion_n folly_n page_n 404_o divorce_v permit_v in_o most_o nation_n page_n 106_o the_o divorce_v may_v marry_v after_o a_o set_a time_n to_o any_o save_v to_o he_o that_o pâ—t_v she_o away_o page_n 105_o dominion_n natural_o and_o by_o another_o gain_v 472._o of_o infant_n and_o madman_n 89._o conditional_a 97_o 98._o distinguish_v from_o its_o exercise_n 52._o external_a 470._o without_o internal_a 482_o 483._o over_o beast_n page_n 401_o in_o doubtful_a case_n what_o to_o do_v page_n 412_o servant_n in_o doubt_n that_o the_o war_n be_v just_a what_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v page_n 429_o doubt_n whence_o in_o moral_n they_o arise_v 410_o where_o we_o doubt_v of_o we_o shall_v forbear_v page_n 411_o drown_v land_n to_o drain_v a_o time_n prefix_v 137_o lost_n if_o not_o drain_v or_o otherwise_o claim_v in_o ten_o year_n ibid._n due_o take_v in_o a_o twofold_a sense_n page_n 376_o duel_v page_n 368_o duellum_fw-la page_n 2_o duel_n in_o two_o case_n lawful_a page_n 76_o duel_n and_o combat_v to_o be_v avoid_v page_n 510_o dumb_a sign_n sometime_o by_o custom_n significant_a page_n 570_o e_z earth_n to_o earth_n 214._o judea_n call_v the_o midst_n of_o the_o earth_n 407._o all_o add_v to_o earth_n yet_o must_v be_v restrain_v to_o the_o country_n speak_v of_o ibid._n education_n if_o bad_a corrupt_v the_o natural_a constitution_n page_n 385_o education_n of_o king_n ptolomie_n son_n page_n 44_o ehud_n fact_n what_o page_n 66_o ambassador_n sacred_a in_o all_o nation_n page_n 206_o ambassador_n resident_a a_o upstart_n custom_n 207_o 208._o they_o have_v no_o privilege_n till_o admit_v 210._o nor_o in_o another_o territory_n without_o licence_n ibid._n a_o twofold_a right_o due_a to_o they_o admittance_n and_o indemnity_n 206._o in_o what_o case_n inviolable_a in_o what_o case_n not_o 208_o 209._o not_o admit_v for_o three_o cause_n 206._o their_o good_n secure_v against_o creditor_n 211._o their_o companion_n and_o attendant_n how_o far_o protect_a page_n 211_o 212_o ambassador_n if_o admit_v secure_v even_o among_o enemy_n 210._o not_o liable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o retaliation_n ibid._n move_v sedition_n may_v be_v send_v away_o 208._o perform_v the_o office_n blameless_a 200._o in_o what_o case_n they_o may_v be_v apprehend_v and_o kill_v 208_o 209._o not_o admit_v from_o traitor_n pirate_n page_v 206_o 207_o empire_n some_o patrimonial_a and_o alienable_a 42._o how_o divide_v into_o part_n 46._o each_o part_n may_v have_v a_o right_a to_o make_v war_n 63_o 64._o it_o may_v be_v gain_v to_o the_o king_n or_o people_n by_o long_a possession_n or_o prescription_n page_n 100_o 101._o empire_n of_o rome_n distinct_a from_o the_o french_a and_o lumbards_n 143_o 144._o whether_o universal_a page_n 407_o empire_n of_o rome_n and_o germany_n whence_o they_o derive_v their_o right_a page_n 143_o 144_o empire_n relate_v to_o person_n and_o territory_n 118._o alienable_a with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n ibid._n if_o great_a hardly_o keep_v 526._o how_o far_o acquire_v by_o internal_a justice_n 524._o as_o in_o a_o king_n may_v be_v gain_v by_o war_n 485._o how_o firm_o alienate_v for_o peace_n page_n 544_o 545_o empire_n and_o dominion_n how_o they_o differ_v 88_o 89_o under_o one_o firm_a than_o divide_v 128._o by_o a_o