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A44712 A discours of the empire, and of the election of a king of the Romans, the greatest busines of Christendom now in agitation as also of the Colledg of Electors, their particular interests, and who is most likely to be the next emperour / by J.H. Howell, James, 1594?-1666. 1658 (1658) Wing H3065; ESTC R4781 35,171 133

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he hath made and so might be capable of the Empire but notwithstanding that the French is sayed to spurr him on and that the Elector of Colen be his Oncle yet 't is not probable he will make any competition with his Cousin-germin the King of Hungary his peeple like them of Saxony being also very averse therunto though his peeple be in a surer way of subjection and vassalage unto him than other Germans are ther being no great ones in his Dominions to clash with him Touching the Marquis of Brandenburg though he be great Master of the Teutonique Order and hath such spacious and large Territories that he can go upon his own demeans above 500 miles from Cleve to the furthest parts of Prussia yet is he thought to be inferiorto the other two in revenues wealth therfore the lesse able to bear the weight of the German Empire Adde herunto that of the eight Electors five are still Roman Catholiques so that it is improbable a Protestant shold be chosen for ther are such ceremonies to be perfotm'd that are incompatible with a Protestant besides the Pope wold never confirm such an Emperour and without his confirmation no Emperour can be call'd Augustus Touching the King of Denmark though he be capable of the Empire being a kind of German yet the nature of those Kings and peeple hath bin rather to preserve what they have than to extend their Country further Moreover the present King is ingag'd in an open war against the Swed Ther is also a late clash 'twixt him and the town of Hamborough about the Huldygen which is an Inauguration to be her Protector as his Father was for Hamborough was built upon and stands still upon the King of Denmarks ground yet she refuseth to Huld him alledging that she bought him out for great summes of money And so pretends to be now an Imperial free Town and to hold soly from the Keyser Wheras others averre that she is meer Hansiatique within the Verge of Lubeck her Neighbour which is the chiefest of the first Precinct of the old Hans as was touch'd before Adde herunto that the last King of Denmark hath some particular obligations to the House of Austria his great Gran-mother having bin Charles the fifts Sister Besides when General Tilly was like in the eye of human reson with a Veteran victorious Army to overcom all Holsteyn Ferdinand this King of Hungaries Gran-father made a friendly and favourable peace with Christian the fourth who had invaded Germany with a considerable Army but with little successe in the behalf of the Count Palatin of the Rhin his Nephew The Swed mought have bad fair for the Imperial Golden Apple had he took firmer footing in Poland and succeeded in his notable designs further Nay his Army being compos'd of Soldiers of Fortune might still by new recreuts as they push'd on their hopes have prov'd in time as formidable and fatal to the test of Christendome as their Ancestors the Goths and Vandales were of old who pierc'd the very center of Europe to find warmer habitations Nor was the Swed altogether incapable to have stood for it in regard of those Territories which Gustavus got and annexed to the Crown of Sweden within the pale of the Empire viz. Pomerland and Breme But the Dane entring into a new warr with him and the Marquis of Brandenburg deserting him and having the House of Austria the Pole the Moscovit his actual enemies besides 't is thought his hopes are blasted for enlarging his dominions at this time but 't is well if he can now secure Sweden it self much more the new acquests aforesaid in Germany specially his friends viz. England and France being so remote from him and his enemies so neer about him The French King though I beleeve he be in despair to have it himself he being Exterus non Germanus a Scranger and no German and ther being a fundamental Law that no Forrener be Emperour as ther is a Sanction in the Conclave among the Cardinals that no Tramontane viz. one born this side the Alps can be Pope I say though the King of France looks not for it himself yet he spends all the interests he hath and is like to employ all the power he can with all the Artificies besides to cajoll I will not say corrupt the Electors for the secluding of the young King of Hungary and that the Empire shold not be alwayes a prostitut to one Family But France they say hath few real Friends in Germany among the Princes 'T is true the Elector of Tryers being perpetual Arch-chancelor of France hath always bin and is still Fleurdelizè he is Flowdeliz'd and Frenchified all over and France alwaies sticks to him also upon all occasions 't was about him that ther was such a counterbuff 'twixt Lewis the thirteenth and Gustaphus Adolphus because he had invaded part of his Territories 't was for his sake besides the still growing greatnesse of Spain that this present warr was denounc'd by sound of Herald against the House of Austria by the last French King Moreover 't is tru that the Marquis of Brandenburg while he lately adher'd to the Swed was devoted to France but since he hath accommodated matters with the Pole he hath chang'd his interest and is like to enter into the general league they speak of to be made between the Princes of the Empire for preserving the common peace of Germany against all that shall attempt to disturb it And besides the Electors themselfs The Duke of Brunswick Prince of Anbalt Luneberg Lawenburg the Landgrave of Hesse Darmstad't Baden Newburgh Wittemburgh though the last and some of the other smell rank of the French interest yet to prevent a new warr in Germany they are like to enter into the foresayed Patrial league together with all the Imperial and Hansiatical Towns Touching the Palsgrave or Prince Palatin of the Rhin 't is tru that ther hath bin a great deal of intimacy and reciprocal leagues twixt his Progenitors and France but the last Emperour and his Son the King of the Romans oblig'd him and his brother Prince Rupert by many recent civilities At the Treaties of Osnabrug and Munster the Emperour wold have his busines to be dispatch'd first and was very indulgent of him all along the while The fower hundred thousand dollars which were assign'd himself and to make portions and apennages for his younger brothers the twenty thousand dollars that were awarded the Lady Dowager his mother pro victalitio and the ten thousand dollars which were assign'd for dowries to evry one of his Sisters were all granted as the words of the Instrument run pro benevolo suae Majestatis Caesareae affectu ergo domum Palatinam for the benevolent affection his Imperial Majesty bore to the family of the Palatin which summes the Emperour punctually payed Moreover at the coronation of the Empresse and the creation of the last King of the Romans the Prince Palatin officiated
tragical fower murthered themselfs many also of those that were adopted Caesars and design'd to succeed in the Empire were untimely made away being rays'd to that pitch that they might perish the sooner as an Author sayes But to go more punctually to work we will muster up here most of those Emperours that came to immature and violent deaths Iulius Caesar was assassinated in the Senat. Octavius the first Augustus called so ab augendo Imperium from enlarging the Territories of the Empire was made away by his wife Livia Tiberius by Macro Caligula by Cassius Chereas Claudius poyson'd by his wife Agrippina Nero and Otho slew themselfs Galba and Vitellius were done away by the Soldiers Domitian by Stephanus Commodus by Letus and Electus Pertinax and Iulianus by the Praetorian bands Caracalla by Macrinus command Macrinus Heliogabalus Alexander Maximinus Maximus and Balbinns by the Soldiers Hostilianus by Gallus and Aemilianus and they by the Legions Valerianus died in Parthia Florianus waas ccessary to his own death Aurelianus murther'd by his own meniall servants Gallienus Quintillus Tacitus and Probus by the militia c. Now that which heighned the Spirits of the Soldiery to such infolences was the largesses and encrease of salary that the Praetorian bands us'd to receave from the new Emperour which pernicious kind of bounty was begun first by Claudius Caesar and is now practised by the Turk for evry new Sultan useth to enhance the pay of the Spahies and Ianizaries to so many aspers more for fear of mutinieng which in time may be the bane of the Ottoman Empire for such hath bin the presumption allready of the sayed Ianizaries of late yeers that they have murther'd two of their Emperours in lesse than five and twenty yeers But in the Roman Empire the military bands came to such an exorbitancy of power that somtimes they did prostitute and put the Empire to sale by publique outcry as we read how Sulpitianus offerd twenty Sestertiums which are neer upon eight pounds sterling apeece to evry Soldier but Iulianus rays'd the market higher and out-bad him But Constantine the great the first Christian Emperour and a Britain born found out the policy to regulat lessen the Praetorian bands till at last he quite casheerd them at least reduc'd them to such a nomber that they could do no hurt The removal of the Imperial Court to Constantinople though it prov'd advantagious to the Bishop of Rome who had the Citty transferr'd unto him by way of a pious donation from Constantine about his departure from Italy to the Levant as the Church Annals affirm though some by way of drollery and derogation to the Pope do say that he hath the same right to Rome as Venice hath to the dominion of the Adriatique Gulph and that they are both inserted in one patent though that patent cannot be found upon any record I say though this removall was an advantage to the Bishop of Rome yet it prov'd very prejudiciall to Italy in general and to all the Western parts of the Empire for many rough-hewn Northern Nations that desir'd to come neerer the Sun took the advantage hereby to rush in not only to Italy and harasse her so often but like so many fwarms of Locusts they cover'd other Countreys And some fear'd the like of the late Swedish Army had they prosper'd in Poland The Huuns took such firm footing that they gave the name to Hungary The Longobards to Insubria and the territoties about Milan The Goths and Vandales piercing the very heart of France overcame Spain and denominated Andaluzia Insomuch that the present King of Spain doth acknowledg himself to be de la sangre de los Godos to descend from the Goths wherby som wold inferr that he is a German not only by extraction from the House of Austria but also from the Gothique race who were a branch of the Teutons or Germans taking the word in the largest sense but more properly may Germany challenge the French and English to be her Children the first comming from the Territories of Franconia the other from the lower Circle of Saxony wherof they bear the names Saissons among the Welsh and Irish to this day But to proceed from the main subject the Eastern part of the Roman Empire bore up many ages after Constantine with som lustre in the Levant though the Northwest parts suffred many Eclipses being so pittifully dilacerated and torn by the fury of forein Nations Now the chiefest cause therof may be ascrib'd to the remotenes of the Emperours person at Constantinople who by reason of so incommunicable a distance could not reach a timely hand to assist them with auxiliaries But about the yeer eight hundred a new kind of auspicious star appeer'd in the West which was Charlemain whom the Germans do claym to be their Compatriot though they go a great way back and fetch him from Pharamond or the first race of the Kings who invaded Gallia and by way of conquest call'd it France Charlemain was the Gran-child of Charles Martell who being Maire of the Palace or chief Steward and Surintendent of the Kings Court gott his Son Pepin to be crown'd King of France over the head of Chilperic his liege lord and master Martel giving out that he did not follow the ambition of his heart but the inspirations of heaven in this act So the Scotts stories tell us that the Family of the Stewards came to be Kings of Scotland by taking their Surnames from their office for as Charles Martell was in France so the first of them was Steward of the Kings Court in Scotland Pepin though a little man did great exploits for he cross'd the Alpes and recover'd Lombardy where a race of Goths had bin Kings above 200 yeers And at his return to France conferr'd the Exarcbatship or Vicegerency of Italy upon the Bishop of Rome Charlemain his Son did higher achievments for he clammer'd ore the Pyreneans and debell'd the Saracens in Spain discomfited the Saxons and confirm'd the conquest of Italy so that he was solemnly saluted Emperour of the West at Rome by the general voice and wonderfull acclamations of the peeple and so confirm'd by the Popes benediction Leo the 4th on Christmas day Nicehporus in Constantinople storm'd extremely at first ther shold be another Emperour besides himself alledging that he was the sole Roman Emperour and accordingly us'd to send his Exarques or Viceroyes to govern Italy but not knowing how to remedy it he complied at last with Charlemagne who then kept his Court in Germany where he died and was buried at Aquisgrave leaving Ludovicus his son to succeed him who partitioning the Empire afterwards twixt his three Sonns did wonderfully enervat and enfeeble it as a great River cutt out into many armes and sluces must needs grow weaker and shallower in her first bed Now though Charlemain was an extraordinary heroique and a Magnanimous gallant man as his actions tell us yet his children