Selected quad for the lemma: country_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
country_n	call_v	great_a	lake_n	1,464	5	9.8196	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A37731	An exact description of Ireland chorographically surveying all its provinces & counties ... : with an index of all the provinces, counties, baronies, cities, towns, forts, castles, rivers, lakes, havens, bays, mountains, promontories, &c., in such a manner as may serve for a geographical dictionary for Ireland ... : done according to the latest surveys, and agreeing with all the new maps / by Laurence Eachard ...	Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730.	1691 (1691)	Wing E142; ESTC R22203	53,151	182

of Heraclia Ioyepnia by Diodorus Siculus Irim by Eusta●…hus Oyernia or Overnia and Vernia by some called Bernia Plutarch called it by the Name of Ogygia The Irish Bards or Poets have mentioned the Names of Tivolas Totdanan and Banno as the most ancient Names In later times it went by the Name of Scotia and Scotia Min●…r to distinguish it from the other Scotland It is now called by the Inhabitants Eryn and sometimes Gwydhill by the Welch Yverdon and Ywerdhou by the Germans Irlandi by the Italians Irlanda●… and by the French Irlande It is environed on all sides with the Ocean bounded on the East with a violent and unruly Sea called the Irish Sea or St. George's Channel which separates it from England and Wales and on the North-East from Scotland on the West with that vast Ocean called th●… Western or Atlantick Ocean which parts it from the main Continent of America on the North with the Northern Ocean called the Ducalidonian Ocean and on the South and South-West with that which is called the Vergirian Ocean If we consider it in respect of Heavenly Bodies it is situated between the 5th Degree and 58th Minute and the 10th Degree and 45th Minute of Longitude that is from London but reckoning from Tenneriffe it lies between the 8th and the 12th Degree and 55 Minutes of Longitude equal with the greatest part of Gallicia and Asturia in Spain And between the 51st Degree and 15th Minute and the 55th Degree and 15th Minute of Northern Latitude equal with Wales and the greatest part of England By this account we may see that it lies wholly under the Ninth and Tenth Climes with a little of the Eighth so that the longest Day on the most Southern parts is 16 Hours and about 25 Minutes and the longest Day on the most Northern parts is 17 Hours and about 12 Minutes that is almost an Hour longer It lies in one of the temperate Zones toward the Northern parts of it about five Degrees from the middle so that for its Situation it cannot be very intemperate either in Summer or Winter As for the Form and Shape of this Island it is oblong nigh as long again as broad somewhat though but little indeed resembling an Egg to which form many have likened it to Speed compares it rather to the shape of the Fore-Leg of a Bear which is as difficult to imagine as the other and if we consider all the variety of Windings and Turnings scarce any thing can be imagined to have a more irregular Form It is for bigness an Island of the third Rank reckoned to be about half as big as England In length from Fairhead the Northern Point of Antrim in Ulster to Missen-Head the South Point of Cork in Munster about 285 Miles In breadth in the widest place that is from the East-parts of Down in Ulster to the West-parts of Mayo in Connaught 160 Miles From the East of Wexford in Leinster to the West of Kerry in Munster 152 Miles But in the middle from the East of Dublin to the West of Galloway 146 Miles The whole Circuit reckoning all the Windings and Turnings is above 1400 Miles It lies distant from Scotland North-East and South-West from Cape Red-boy in Antrim to the South-parts of Cantire 15 Miles From England East and West from the East-parts of Down to St. Bees-Head in Cumberland 84 Miles From Wales East and West from the East-parts of Wexford to St. Davids 45 Miles From France North-West and South-East 220 Miles From Spain North and South 440 Miles And from New-France the nighest part of America from which it lies exactly West about 1440 Miles The Air is most mild and temperate in respect of Hot and Cold so that it is cooler in Summer and warmer in Winter than in England but nothing so clear and subtile as here therefore not so good in Summer for ripening of Corn and Fruits In the Winter it is more subject to Wind Clouds and Rain than Frost and Snow It is so excessive moist that many there are sore troubled with Loosenesses and Rheumes more especially Strangers who seldom escape those Distempers for the staying of which they have a Liquor called Usque-bah or an Aqua Vitae which is esteemed of as stronger and better than ours As for its Soil it is of it self abundantly fruitful but naturally rather fitter for Grass and Pasturage In some places the rankness of the Soil is so great the Grass so long and withal so sweet that the Cattel in those places would soon graze to a surfeit if they were not sometimes hindred This Country in many places is incumbred with vast Bogs and unwholsome Marshes being full of great Lakes and Sands and is also over-grown with many large Woods But of late Years these Inconveniencies have been very much corrected by drying and draining up many of the Marshes and by cutting down several of the Woods It produces a vast number of goodly Flocks of Sheep which they share twice a year Here are likewise excellent good Horses which we call Hobies which have not the same pace with others but a soft and round Amble setting one Leg before another very finely As for Cattle here are infinite numbers being indeed the principal Wealth of the Inhabitants it is said they will give no Milk if their Calves be not by them or their Skins stuffed with Straw or Hay For Bees they have such Numbers that they are found not only in Hives but also in the Bodies of Trees and holes of the Earth It is very much troubled with Wolves but has no Snake or Venemous Creature whatsoever neither will any live here It has variety of all sorts of wild and tame Fowls and vast quantities of Fish especially Salmons and Herrings All living Creatures besides Men Women and Greyhounds are smaller than ours in England The Principal Riches and Commodities of this Kingdom are Cattel Hides Tallow Suet great Store of Butter and Cheese Wood Salt Honey Wax Furs Hemp Linnen Cloth Pipe Staves great quantities of Wool of which they make Cloth and Freezes with those course Rugs or shag Mantles which are vented into Foreign Countries Variety of Fish and Fowl and also several Metals as Lead Tin and Iron in a word there is nothing wanting either for Pleasure and Profit every thing being extraordinary cheap and plentiful and of late times the Industry of the Inhabitants have not been so much wanting and by reason of the great Converse with the English are more Civilized then formerly both Trade and Learning flourishing i●… such a measure that were it not fo●… these unhappy Broils it well might have been counted as Beautiful an●… Sweet a Country as any under Heave●… The Principal Rivers of this Country are 1. Shannon or Shennon which ariseth in the County of Letrim in Connaught It divides for the most part of the way Connaught from Leinster and Munster and makes many Lakes

see the Moon after the Change commonly they bow the Knee and say the Lord's Prayer and then speak to the Moon with a loud Voice Leave us as whole and as sound as thou hast found us They use to look through the Shoulder-Blade-Bone of a Sheep when the Flesh is clean taken from it if they see any dark or duskish spot in it when they look through they say that some Course shall shortly be carried out of the House They pray for Wolves and wish them well and then they are not afraid to be hurt by them They count it unlawful to rub down o●… curry their Horses or to gather Grass for their Meat on Saturdays When a●… Horse is dead they hang up his Fee●… and Legs in the House yea the very Hoofs are esteemed as a hallowed and sacred Relick They count her a wicked Woman or a Witch that cometh to fetch Fire from 'em on May-Day neither will they give any Fire then but unto a Sick Body and that also with a Curse They are of Opinion that if their Butter be Stolen 't will soon after be restored again if they take away any of the Thatch that hang over the Door and cast it into the Fire They believe that the Kite will not take away their Chickens if they hang up the the Egg-shels out of which they were Hatched in some place of the Rough of the House If any praise an Horse or any other of their Beasts before they have said God Save him or have Spit upon them if any harm befal that Beast within three days after they ●…eek out him that praised him and then mumble the Lords Prayer in his right Ear. They fully beleive that to set a Green Bough of a Tree before their House on May-day will cause them to have abundance of Milk all Summer long They have besides these many other Follies which for ●…hortness sake I shall now forbear to mention Those that dwell in Towns seldom make any Contract of Marriage with them in the Country they pass their Promise not for the present but for the future time or else give assent without Deliberation so that for a very little falling out they part asunder the Husband to another Woman and the Wife to another Husband Oft it is not known whether the Contract was true or false till the last Gasp Hence grow Robberies Depredations Murthers and deadly Hatred They are very much given to Incest and nothing is so common as Divorces under pretence of Conscience It is grown a common Custom after the Husbands's Death for the Wife to have a third part of the Goods the rest is divided by even Portions among the Children but when they come to Possession he that is mightiest commonly go away with the best share sometimes an Unkle or Nephew if he be a great Man will seize upon the Inheritance and shut the Children out of all When any one lies a Dying Women hired on purpose stand in Cross-ways calling upon him with great out-Crys and abundance of rediculous Expostulations why he should depart from so many Advantages After he is Dead they keep a Mourning with lowd Howlings and clapping of Hands together When the Corps go forth they follow it with such a Peal of out-Crys that a Man would think the quick as well as the Dead were past all Recovery Neither do they Mourn less for those that are Slain in Battel or by Robbing though they affirm such to have an easier Death yet they will Rail on their Enemies with Spiteful Words and continue for a long time a deadly Hatred against all of that Kindred They suppose that the Souls of the Deceased go into the Company of certain Men famous in those Places of whom they still retain strange Fables and Songs as of Giants of great Renown which they say they oft-times see by Illusion Their Warefare consists of Horsemen of Soldiers set in the Rereguard whom they call Galloglasses who fight with sharp Hatchets and of light-armed Footmen called Kernes whose service is with Darts and Skeanes To give a shout to every Man going out of a Gate and counted fortunate They commonly use the Bagpipe in stead of a Trumpet They carry a●…out them Amulets They recite certain Prayers and in joyning Battel they cry as loud as they can Pharroh with this perswasion that he who cryeth not so loud as the rest shall suddenly be taken from the Ground and carried along the Air into certain desart Valleys where he eateth Grass ●…appeth Water hath some use of Reason but not of Speech But at last ●…y the help of Hounds and Hunters ●…hall be brought home again CHAP. III. Of its Antiquity and old Inhabitants A short History shewing the sever●… Conquests and Rebellions Government Laws Strength Arms Archbishoprick●… and Bishopricks and the Old and Ne●… Division IReland is of very great Antiquity 〈◊〉 we may believe the Irish Writers wh●… say it was inhabited by one Caesari●… Noah's Neice before the Flood Abou●… 300 Years after the Flood Bartholan●… a Scythian came hither and fough●… many famous Battels with Giants Many Years after Nemetheus a Scythia●… also arrived here and was soon ca●… out by the Giants After this Del●… with some Grecians seized on this Isle●… and soon after Gaothel and Scota hi●… Wife Daughter to Pharaoh King o●… Egypt landed here and called this Island Scotia after his Wives Name This was about the time of the Israelites departure out of Egypt Som●… few Ages after Hiberus and Hermion Sons of Milesius King of Spain by the permission of Gurguntius King of the Britains planted Colonies here after ●…t had been dispeopled by Pestilence These are meer Fables of the Irish's own making without any Grounds The antient Inhabitants were the ●…ish being Originally Britains according to the best Authors distinguished then into several lesser People and Names as shall be afterwards spoken of These were a rude and barba●…ous People of whose Actions we know but little of this Country not being so happy as ever to be Conquered by the Romans those great Masters of Learning and Civility Towards the wain of the Roman Empire we find them called by the Name of Scots the reason thereof is uncertain and this Country Scotland they subdued the Hebraides or Western Isles and the Neighbouring Picts and Calidonians and gave the Name of Scotland to the Northern parts of the Bri●…ish Continent Besides this we hear but little of them except that of Pal●…adius and St. Patrick's Converting them to the Christian Faith Not long after they left the Name of Scots and returned to their first and more wo●…ed Name of Irish then being under the Government of several small Princes The first Conquest or rather Invasion of this Country setting aside Egfrid King of Northumberland's destroying several places with Fire and Sword Anno 694. was by some of the Saxon Monarchs of England particularly by King Edgar who made themselves

Munster who have to assist them certain Gentlemen and Lawyers who are directed by the Lord Lieutenant As for the several Degrees of States this Country has the very same as in England as Earls Barons Knights Esquires c. Here are also the same Courts as in England as the Parliament which at the King of England's Pleasure is called by the Deputy and by him dissolved the Star Chamber the Chancery the Kings-Bench the Common-Pleas and the Exchequer likewise four Terms in a Year Here are also Juces of Assizes of Nisi Prius and of Oyer and Terminer and Justices Peace in every County Also the King hath his Serjeant at Law his Sollicitor c. As for the Common Laws Ireland is Governed by the same with England The Strength of this Nation consists partly in the Situation being begirt about with difficult and dangerous Seas and partly in the several Fortif●…ations and Castles built by the English since they became Masters of it Their Forces have never been reckoned very numerous till of late and then they have either been so ill Disciplined or of such Cowardly Dispositions especially in their own Country that an Enemy of no very great Power were it not for their strong Places might easily tame ' em The Arms of this Kingdom are Azure an Harp Or stringed Argent which Arms King Iames the First to shew himself absolute King of Ireland caused to be Marshalled with the Royal Arms of Great Britain and have ever since been set upon our Coyns I should speak of the Revenues Coyns Weights Measures and such like of this Kingdom as for the first I can have no perfect account of so that I dare not say any thing of it as for the rest they are mostly the same as in England The Ecclesiastical Government is under four Archbishopricks viz. Armagh Dublin Cashell and Tuam under these were at once a great number of Bishopricks and those but poor ones as they are generally now but since the Reformation have been reckoned o●…ly 19 and of some of those I am a little uncertain Six are under Armagh the Metropolitan viz. Londonderry Connor Dromore Clogher Kilmore and Dundalk three under Dublin viz. Kilkenny Kildare and Fearnes five under Cashell viz. Waterford Limrick Cork Ardfeart and Emly and fi●… under Tuam viz. Gallway ●…lone Killala Clonefert and Killalow This Island was anciently divided into many several Peoples and Provinces as the Robognii Darnii Volontii Vennionii and Erdinii in the North parts now Ulster the Auteri Ganganii and Nagnata in Connaught the Menapii Cauci Blanii and Brigantes in Leinster and the Luceni Velabri Ulterni Vodii and Coriondi in Munster Afterwards it came to be divided into five Parts which were so many Kingdoms viz. Ulster Connaught Meath Leinster and Munster Since then the Kingdom of Meath have been joyned to that of Leinster the rest remaining as before so that is divided at present into four distinct Provinces viz. 1. Ulster 2. Connaught 3. Leinster and 4. Munster The first of these lie on the North the second on the West the third on the East and the fourth on the South These Provinces are divided into 32 Counties and those subdivided into 253 Baronies or Hundreds and those have in them 1586 Parishes These shall be every one treated of in their Order CHAP. IV. Of Ulster shewing its Name Bounds Dimensions Riv●…s Products Remarks c. and describing all its Counties Towns and Castles THE Province of Ulster is called by the Latins Ultoni●… and sometimes Ulidia by the Irish Cui Guilly or Province of Guilly by the Welch Ultw●… and by the English Ulster It is Bounded on the East with St. George's Channel on the West with the main Atlantick or W●…stern Ocean on the North with the Ducalidonian or Northern Ocean on the South with the Province of Leinster and on the South-West with the Province of Connaught So it is encompassed on 3 sides with Sea being almost of a round Form ULSTER PROVINCE The chief Rivers of this Province are 1. B●…nne rising in the County of Down in Armagh it receives the River Tanwagee and then passes through the great Lake Neagh then divides the County of Antrim from that of Londonderry and falls into the Ducalidonian Ocean a little below Colerain 2. Lough-Foyle which washes St. Iohn's Town and Londonderry then falls into the Ducalidonian Ocean making a great Bay or Lake of the same Name 3. Swilly in the County of Dunnaga●… falling into the Ducalidonian Ocean with a kind of a Lake 4. Lagen-Water in Down washing Dromore Lisburn and Belfast falls into the Bay of Carrickfergus 5. Newry-Water parting Down from Armag●… and falls into Ca●…ngford-Bay 6. Main in Antrim c. This Country abounds with large Lakes shaded with many and thick Woods the Soil is fruitfull in Corn and Grass but in some places a little Barren howbeit fresh and Green to see in every place well furnished with Horses Sheep and Oxen and it affords great plenty of Timber and Fruit-Trees The Waters are deep and fit for Vessels very well replenished with Fish and as for Salmons here are more in some Rivers of this Country than in any other River in Europe In this Province is one Archbishoprick viz. Armagh Six Bishopricks besides Raphoe united to Londonderry viz. Londonderry Connor Dromore Clogher Kilmore and Dundalk Ten Market Towns viz. Athordee Armagh Carrickfergus Carlingford Drogheda Dundalk Dunnagal Londonderry Louth and Newry 14 Towns of Commerce and Trade 34 places that return Parliament Men or Boroughs 30 Castles for the Defence of the Country and 214 Parishes in the whole The chief City of all is Londonderry The Boroughs are are as following viz. four in Antrim Antrim Belfast Carrickfergus and Lisburn Three in Londonderry Colerain Lamnevaddy and Londonderry Six in Dunnagal Ballishannon Dunnagal St. Iohn's Town Kilberg Lifford and Raphoe Four in Tyrone Agher Dungannon Omagh and Strabane One in Fermenagh viz. Eniskilling Two in Cavan Belturbet and Cavan One in Monoghan viz. Monoghan Two in Armagh Armagh and Charlemont Six in Down Bangor Down Hilsburrough Killileagh Newry and New-Town And Four in Louth Atherdee Carlingford Drogheda and Dundalk The Religious Places in this Province were once the Abbey of Dunnagal the Monastery of Derry the Monastery near the River Liffer that famous one at the Bay of Carrickfergus also Millifont Abbey and lastly the most Renowned Monastery at Armagh out of which many others were propagated in Britain and Ireland These Places when standing were very much frequented by Pilgrims This Province before the English Conquered it was a Kingdom of it self under its own Kings First Conquered by Iohn Curcy a valiant English-Man in the Reign of King Henry the Second Soon after it was so neglected by the English that it was causioned into many Estates and Principalities by the Natural Irish. In this Estate it continued the Kings of England having but