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country_n call_v great_a inhabit_v 1,448 5 9.6227 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A90698 The present state of Denmark and reflections upon the ancient state thereof. Together with a particular account of the birth, education, martial atchievements and brave performances of His Royal Highness Prince George, only brother of His present Majesty of Denmark. / By G. Pierreville Gent. Secretary to the King's Minister at the Court of Denmark. Pierreville, Gideon. 1683 (1683) Wing P2212A; ESTC R203183 58,876 158

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ancient_a dane_n be_v so_o zealous_a to_o have_v their_o estate_n enjoy_v by_o the_o right_a heir_n that_o they_o punish_v adultery_n with_o death_n which_o law_n be_v still_o in_o force_n in_o sweeden_n saxony_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o dane_n use_v former_o and_o do_v still_o in_o some_o part_n of_o juitland_n to_o assemble_v every_o parish_n by_o themselves_o once_o a_o year_n in_o the_o field_n to_o determine_v all_o controversy_n by_o twelve_o select_a man_n from_o who_o a_o appeal_n lie_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o province_n upon_o the_o inreconciliation_n of_o the_o party_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n and_o this_o custom_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n be_v undoubted_o derive_v to_o the_o english_a from_o the_o dane_n but_o the_o heathen_a dane_n do_v likewise_o determine_v controversy_n by_o duel_n wherein_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v demonstrate_v by_o the_o success_n but_o christianity_n abolish_v 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the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o flensburg_n in_o the_o dukedom_n
be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v notorious_a pirate_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n hardly_o any_o sea_n be_v less_o infest_a with_o piracy_n than_o those_o of_o norway_n not_o that_o the_o modern_a inhabitant_n be_v blessed_v with_o more_o honesty_n than_o their_o ancestor_n but_o the_o danish_a sway_n be_v so_o rigorous_a as_o not_o to_o allow_v they_o any_o ship_n nor_o any_o other_o mean_v to_o pamper_v grow_v resty_a and_o head_n strong_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a fleece_n squeeze_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o low_a servitude_n their_o diet_n be_v what_o they_o export_v to_o other_o country_n principal_o stock_n fish_n and_o a_o course_n kind_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n their_o usual_a drink_n rostock_n ale_n their_o manner_n be_v common_o to_o drink_v three_o draught_n one_o in_o remembrance_n of_o god_n the_o second_o to_o the_o king_n health_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o queen_n as_o the_o town_n in_o norway_n be_v very_o thin_a so_o the_o building_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v very_o poor_a and_o miserable_a general_o patch_v up_o of_o dirt_n and_o hurdle_n somewhat_o resemble_v our_o cotrage_n house_n in_o the_o fen_n country_n as_o for_o the_o government_n of_o this_o country_n it_o be_v still_o reckon_v a_o distinct_a kingdom_n from_o that_o of_o denmark_n and_o have_v former_o independent_a king_n of_o its_o own_o who_o sometime_o domineer_v over_o the_o very_a king_n of_o sweden_n and_o denmark_n but_o the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o norwegian_a race_n who_o reign_v in_o their_o kingdom_n be_v haguin_a who_o in_o the_o year_n 1363_o marry_a margaret_n elder_a daughter_n of_o waldemar_n the_o three_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o so_o unite_v the_o two_o crown_n now_o though_o this_o king_n have_v only_o one_o son_n by_o queen_n margaret_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n yet_o the_o dane_n have_v once_o get_v footing_n in_o and_o possession_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v resolve_v not_o to_o abandon_v such_o a_o advantage_n nor_o part_n from_o their_o station_n and_o to_o secure_v it_o immediate_o clap_v strong_a garrison_n into_o all_o the_o city_n and_o fortress_n of_o moment_n in_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o better_a management_n of_o the_o government_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o prefecture_n answerable_a to_o the_o five_o castle_n which_o command_v they_o now_o 1._o the_o prefecture_n of_o masterland_n or_o maestrandt_n be_v situate_v most_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o be_v command_v by_o the_o castle_n of_o bahuy_n now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n that_o castle_n be_v first_o build_v by_o haguin_n the_o iv_o king_n of_o norway_n about_o the_o year_n 1309_o upon_o a_o steep_a rock_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n srollet_n and_o then_o esteem_v the_o best_a fort_n the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o dominion_n and_o a_o sufficient_a barrier_n against_o the_o frequent_a attack_n and_o inroad_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o westro-goth_n beside_o the_o city_n of_o maestrandt_n note_v for_o the_o 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norwegian_n of_o former_a age_n the_o hilt_n of_o it_o be_v make_v of_o crystal_n curious_o wrought_v and_o polish_a whence_o some_o have_v infer_v that_o the_o use_n of_o crystal_n be_v ancient_o much_o more_o ordinary_a in_o norway_n than_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n in_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n not_o far_o from_o opslo_n on_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o the_o bay_n stand_v the_o castle_n of_o aggerhuysen_n famous_a for_o the_o brave_a resistance_n it_o make_v the_o swedish_n army_n in_o the_o year_n 1567._o which_o lay_v a_o close_a and_o brisk_a siege_n to_o it_o for_o eighteen_o week_n together_o but_o be_v at_o last_o beat_v off_o and_o force_v to_o a_o shameful_a retreat_n tonsberg_n former_o a_o place_n of_o retreat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n hammer_n in_o former_a time_n a_o bishop_n see_v but_o now_o unite_v to_o that_o of_o opslo_n some_o author_n do_v affirm_v that_o near_a unto_o hammer_n a_o huge_a and_o monstrous_a serpent_n do_v constant_o appear_v before_o any_o great_a change_n in_o the_o state_n or_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n saltzburg_n frederikstadt_n and_o scheene_n drive_v all_o a_o considerable_a trade_n from_o the_o copper_n and_o iron_n mine_n which_o abound_v more_o hereabout_o than_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o this_o province_n be_v the_o silver_n mine_n abovementioned_a first_o discover_v and_o some_o of_o the_o adjoin_a hill_n be_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n to_o this_o day_n call_v silver_n bergen_n or_o the_o mountain_n of_o silver_n now_o norway_n be_v indebt_v for_o the_o great_a part_n if_o not_o all_o its_o trade_n to_o those_o mine_n and_o the_o mighty_a wood_n of_o fir_n and_o pinetree_n which_o overspread_v this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o city_n of_o staffenger_n lie_v in_o 59_o deg_fw-la some_o reckon_v 60_o and_o a_o great_a many_o odd_a min._n of_o latitude_n be_v seat_v upon_o a_o demy-island_n upon_o a_o great_a bay_n of_o the_o northern_a ocean_n full_a of_o small_a island_n and_o guard_v by_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o doeswick_n which_o stand_v about_o two_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o town_n this_o city_n be_v a_o bishop_n see_v and_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a district_n though_o in_o civil_a affair_n it_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o aggerhuysen_n beyond_o the_o bay_n be_v see_v the_o island_n schutenes_n twelve_o english_a mile_n in_o length_n but_o scarce_o two_o in_o breadth_n this_o island_n contain_v several_a village_n and_o between_o it_o and_o the_o continent_n run_v a_o narrow_a frith_n to_o berghen_n which_o the_o dutch_a merchant_n call_v the_o liedt_n van_fw-mi berghen_fw-mi the_o province_n of_o tillemarch_n or_o thylemarch_n appertain_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o staffenger_n the_o parish_n or_o hollen_n in_o this_o parish_n be_v very_o remarkable_a for_o a_o churchyard_n or_o bury_v place_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n michael_n which_o be_v cut_v out_o of_o a_o great_a high_a rock_n call_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n vear_n upon_o the_o lake_n nordsce_fw-mi half_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o scheen_n it_o be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o have_v be_v formerla_fw-fr a_o heathenish_a temple_n but_o convert_v to_o christian_a use_n upon_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o this_o kingdom_n bergenhuis_fw-mi be_v the_o three_o castle_n of_o command_n in_o norway_n this_o prefecture_n and_o bishopric_n be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a part_n of_o all_o norway_n lie_v in_o the_o middle_n or_o heart_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o north_n of_o aggerhuysen_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o stately_a and_o noble_a mart_n town_n of_o berghen_n or_o else_o from_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o bergenhuysen_n the_o usual_a seat_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o norway_n at_o a_o small_a distance_n to_o the_o north_n of_o berghen_n berghen_fw-mi be_v the_o granary_n and_o magazine_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o norway_n for_o bahuys_n it_o be_v distant_a about_o forty_o hundred_o english_a mile_n by_o sea_n and_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o by_o land_n from_o trunthein_n as_o many_o from_o scagen_n the_o outmost_a promontory_n of_o juis_n island_n almost_o three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o some_o etymologist_n have_v derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o norwegian_a verb_n berghen_n which_o signify_v to_o hide_v or_o conceal_v because_o the_o haven_n be_v surround_v with_o hill_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o skulk_v place_n for_o ship_n where_o vessel_n of_o two_o hundred_o tun_n and_o upward_o ride_v in_o a_o spacious_a and_o most_o secure_a harbour_n free_a from_o any_o danger_n of_o wind_n and_o wether_n but_o the_o true_a derivation_n of_o the_o word_n be_v this_o berghen_fw-mi in_o the_o norwegian_a tongue_n also_o signify_v mountain_n and_o bergenhuysen_n a_o company_n of_o house_n among_o the_o hill_n the_o building_n of_o this_o town_n till_o
denmark_n governor_n gottorp_n a_o strong_a castle_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o slyvick_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o large_a inlet_n of_o the_o baltic_a remarkable_a for_o the_o toll-booth_n at_o which_o toll_n be_v pay_v one_o year_n with_o another_o for_o 50000_o ox_n transport_v out_o of_o north_n juitland_n into_o germany_n seswick_n the_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o province_n a_o episcopal_n see_v and_o the_o head_n of_o a_o dukedom_n when_o christian_a earl_n of_o oldenburgh_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o denmark_n the_o dukedom_n of_o holstein_n become_v part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v reckon_v prince_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o duke_n of_o holstein_n though_o not_o oblige_v to_o repair_v to_o any_o diet_n afterward_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o holstein_n with_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v give_v to_o adolph_n christian_n the_o three_o brother_n who_o govern_v it_o interchangeable_o with_o his_o brother_n by_o turn_n upon_o the_o decease_n of_o this_o duke_n and_o his_o issue-male_n the_o title_n be_v confer_v on_o vlric_n king_n christian_n the_o four_o brother_n since_o his_o day_n there_o have_v be_v several_a house_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n as_o have_v be_v before_o show_v among_o who_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n gottorp_n be_v chief_a and_o challenge_v the_o same_o power_n in_o govern_v and_o administer_a of_o justice_n as_o be_v at_o first_o confer_v upon_o duke_n adolph_n king_n christian_n the_o 3_n brother_n in_o the_o late_a war_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n force_v the_o present_a duke_n of_o gottorp_n to_o quit_v his_o dukedom_n and_o abandon_v all_o holstein_n to_o his_o majesty_n possession_n but_o at_o the_o sign_v of_o the_o treaty_n between_o the_o king_n of_o france_n denmark_n and_o sweden_n at_o fontainbleu_n sept._n 2._o 1679._o the_o danish_a minister_n promise_v their_o master_n shall_v at_o the_o desire_n of_o his_o most_o christian_n majesty_n restore_v to_o the_o say_a duke_n all_o his_o country_n town_n and_o place_n in_o the_o same_o state_n they_o be_v at_o the_o sign_v of_o the_o treaty_n with_o all_o the_o sovereignty_n that_o belong_v to_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o rosehild_n copenhagen_n and_o westphalia_n the_o duke_n expect_v beside_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o country_n some_o recompense_n for_o the_o damage_n his_o territory_n have_v suffer_v during_o the_o war_n by_o the_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v raise_v therein_o as_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a country_n in_o all_o the_o north_n or_o at_o least_o to_o have_v have_v back_o the_o cannon_n be_v 100_o excellent_a brass_n piece_n but_o his_o expectation_n in_o this_o point_n be_v not_o answer_v north_n juitland_n have_v on_o the_o south_n the_o dukedom_n of_o sleswick_n but_o surround_v by_o all_o other_o part_n by_o the_o sea_n be_v divide_v into_o 4_o diocese_n or_o district_n that_o of_o rip_n or_o ripen_v contain_v 30_o prefecture_n or_o here_o as_o they_o use_v to_o call_v they_o seven_o city_n 〈◊〉_d wall_v town_n and_o ten_o castle_n 2._o that_o of_o arhusen_n lie_v on_o the_o north_n of_o ripen_v and_o more_o towards_o the_o baltic_a contain_v 31_o heret_n or_o prefecture_n 7_o city_n or_o wall_a town_n 5_o castle_n and_o the_o island_n of_o sumsoe_n hiolim_n tuecen_n hiance●_n hilgenes_n and_o other_o 3._o that_o of_o wiburg_n on_o the_o north_n of_o arhusen_n contain_v 16_o heret_n the_o island_n of_o jegen_n 2._o hansholm_n 3._o ostholm_n 4._o cisland_n 5._o egholm_n 6._o bodum_fw-la three_o city_n or_o wall_a town_n and_o as_o many_o castle_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v wiborch_v a_o episcopal_n see_v the_o ordinary_a seat_n of_o judicature_n for_o both_o the_o juitlands_n 4._o that_o of_o alburg_n or_o vandalia_n which_o be_v subdivide_v into_o four_o part_n as_o 1._o thyland_n who_o chief_a town_n be_v alborch_v the_o bishop_n of_o vandalia_n usual_a seat_n and_o residence_n 2._o morsce_o contain_v three_o heret_n the_o town_n of_o nicope_a the_o castle_n of_o lunsted_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ageroe_n 3._o hanheret_n contain_v four_o heret_n the_o town_n of_o thystad_n a_o kind_n of_o university_n the_o castle_n of_o orum_fw-la and_o the_o island_n of_o oland_n and_o oxholm_n in_o this_o district_n stand_v the_o rock_n call_v skaringclint_n serve_v for_o a_o sea_n mark_v to_o prevent_v mariner_n run_v against_o the_o quicksand_n which_o lie_v about_o this_o coast_n 4._o wensyssel_n vensilia_fw-la or_o wenslie_n contain_v six_o heret_n or_o prefecture_n the_o island_n of_o grosholm_n of_o hertshorn_n and_o tidesholm_n one_o castle_n and_o three_o town_n the_o most_o remarkable_a of_o which_o be_v scagen_n stand_v at_o the_o utmost_a promontory_n or_o most_o northerly_a point_n of_o all_o this_o chersonese_n be_v notorious_a for_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o many_o ship_n of_o all_o nation_n zealand_n the_o large_a fair_a and_o most_o fertile_a island_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n lie_v east_n of_o juitland_n from_o which_o separate_v by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v the_o belt_n and_o west_n of_o schonen_fw-mi from_o which_o it_o be_v part_v by_o a_o fresh_a river_n not_o above_o a_o dutch_a mile_n in_o breadth_n common_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o sund_n or_o sound_n this_o island_n be_v about_o twelve_o german_a mile_n broad_a and_o eighteen_o long_a it_o be_v ancient_o call_v codanonia_n which_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o modern_a word_n danes_n or_o denmark_n many_o of_o the_o danish_a etymologist_n derive_v seeland_n from_o sordland_n or_o seedland_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o corn_n which_o this_o country_n afford_v other_o with_o great_a probability_n make_v the_o word_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o island_n or_o parcel_n of_o ground_n encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n this_o island_n contain_v 15_o city_n or_o wall_v town_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v copenhagen_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o island_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o denmark_n which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o east_n part_n of_o zealand_n upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n the_o dane_n call_v it_o kiobenhaun_n and_o the_o german_n copenharen_n both_o which_o word_n be_v corruption_n of_o kiobm_n inshaven_v or_o the_o kaven_n of_o merchant_n the_o town_n be_v of_o a_o orbicular_a form_n and_o very_o well_o fortify_v since_o the_o war_n in_o 1659._o with_o the_o swede_n have_v a_o arcenal_n which_o perhaps_o excel_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n in_o europe_n in_o the_o arcenal_n be_v keep_v a_o coach_n with_o spring_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o go_v as_o if_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o and_o of_o its_o own_o movement_n but_o the_o artifice_n of_o this_o work_n depend_v on_o two_o man_n hide_v under_o a_o cover_n in_o the_o coach_n of_o who_o the_o one_o turn_v the_o wheel_n which_o push_v it_o on_o and_o the_o other_o guide_v it_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o rudder_n in_o the_o head_n its_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n mary_n be_v beautify_v with_o a_o noble_a copper_n spire_n build_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o king_n christian_n the_o four_o the_o advowsance_n of_o this_o church_n belong_v to_o the_o professor_n in_o the_o university_n which_o be_v found_v by_o ericus_n the_o nine_o but_o perfect_v by_o king_n christian_n the_o first_o by_o he_o and_o the_o succeed_a prince_n liberal_o endow_v the_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o four_o burgo-master_n one_o whereof_o be_v regent_n or_o precedent_n for_o his_o life_n this_o honour_n be_v confer_v at_o present_a on_o that_o deserve_a and_o learned_a person_n p._n john_n resenius_n professor_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n in_o the_o university_n at_o copenhagen_n and_o counsellor_n to_o the_o present_a king_n of_o denmark_n among_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o town_n be_v the_o marketplace_n which_o be_v exceed_o spacious_a the_o king_n palace_n all_o cover_v with_o copper_n stand_v in_o a_o island_n wherein_o be_v 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this_o help_n and_o expedient_a be_v find_v out_o there_o will_v be_v no_o fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o norway_n which_o with_o material_n for_o ship_n be_v the_o great_a staple_n commodity_n of_o the_o country_n their_o valley_n be_v well_o stock_v with_o good_a breed_v of_o cattle_n which_o enable_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o export_v every_o year_n great_a abundance_n of_o butter_n tallow_n hides_n and_o cheese_n barley_n be_v their_o chief_a grain_n their_o wood_n furnish_v timber_n pitch_n tar_n rich_a fur_n and_o vast_a plenty_n of_o filbird_n they_o also_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n with_o their_o train-oyl_n and_o stock_n fish_n which_o be_v vend_v over_o all_o europe_n in_o the_o year_n 1623._o christian_n the_o four_o king_n of_o denmark_n put_v several_a artist_n upon_o the_o search_n of_o some_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n and_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v find_v some_o lump_n of_o the_o ore_n of_o both_o those_o metal_n which_o they_o present_v to_o that_o prince_n but_o whether_o the_o oar_n lie_v so_o deep_a it_o will_v not_o quit_v cost_v or_o that_o the_o thinness_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o refine_n of_o mineral_n themselves_o with_o their_o jealousy_n and_o unwillingness_n to_o admit_v any_o foreigner_n skilled_a in_o that_o way_n into_o their_o country_n this_o diicovery_n never_o turn_v to_o any_o considerable_a account_n the_o norwegian_n jump_v much_o with_o the_o dane_n in_o their_o complexion_n and_o humour_n but_o be_v general_o more_o effeminate_a and_o lazy_a yet_o not_o natural_o so_o but_o through_o want_v of_o employment_n and_o exercise_n the_o policy_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n not_o think_v fit_a to_o employ_v this_o nation_n in_o any_o war_n for_o fear_v of_o enure_v they_o and_o make_v they_o expert_a in_o arms._n and_o through_o this_o umbrage_n take_v all_o the_o course_n imaginable_a to_o cow_n and_o dispirit_v they_o now_o though_o the_o ancient_a norwegian_n
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