of_o time_n and_o yet_o have_v they_o preserve_v their_o native_a language_n but_o with_o some_o corruption_n of_o various_a dialect_n for_o the_o description_n of_o wales_n it_o be_v ancient_o bound_v from_o england_n with_o the_o river_n of_o dee_n and_o severn_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o it_o almost_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o irish_a sea_n but_o offa_n the_o puissant_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o england_n drive_v the_o brettan_n from_o the_o river_n aforesaid_a and_o force_v they_o up_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o wales_n where_o he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v divide_v from_o england_n by_o a_o very_a great_a ditch_n call_v by_o the_o english_a offa_n dike_n at_o this_o day_n this_o be_v about_o the_o year_n since_o christ_n birth_n 760._o and_o it_o begin_v at_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi by_o basingwerk_a between_o chester_n and_o ruthlan_n and_o so_o run_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n a_o little_a from_o bristol_n reach_v near_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o be_v in_o many_o place_n yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o country_n between_o it_o and_o england_n be_v common_o call_v by_o the_o welsh_a in_n mars_n though_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v with_o welshman_n namely_o in_o north-wales_n which_o yet_o keep_v the_o ancient_a limit_n to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi or_o dwy_n and_o in_o some_o place_n over_o it_o powell_n on_o the_o welsh_a history_n pag._n 5._o according_a to_o cambden_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o these_o sort_n of_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o before_o but_o this_o be_v long_o before_o it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o wales_n silures_n herefordshire_n radnorshire_n brecknockshire_n monmouthshire_n glamorganshire_n dimetae_n caermardenshire_n pembrokeshire_n cardiganshire_n ordovices_n montgomeryshire_n merionethshire_n north-wales_n caernarvanshire_n north-wales_n isle_n of_o anglesey_n north-wales_n denbighshire_n north-wales_n flintshire_n north-wales_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 870._o roderik_n the_o great_a than_o prince_n of_o wales_n divide_v it_o into_o three_o part_n or_o territory_n which_o they_o call_v kingdom_n north-wales_n north-wales_n 1._o guinedh_fw-mi in_o latin_a venedotia_n which_o the_o english_a call_n north-wales_n comprehend_v the_o county_n of_o merion_v caernarvan_n the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o denbighshire_n and_o flintshire_n this_o have_v as_o it_o be_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o other_o two_o who_o chief_a seat_n be_v aberfraw_n in_o anglesey_n which_o little_a island_n the_o welsh_a call_v yir-môn_a that_o be_v the_o land_n of_o môn_n this_o part_n roderik_n give_v to_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n powy_n powy_n 2._o mathraval_n or_o powysland_n this_o territory_n contain_v all_o the_o country_n of_o powy_n and_o the_o land_n between_o wye_n and_o severn_n to_o wit_n the_o whole_a county_n as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v of_o montgomery_n radnor_n and_o all_o shropshire_n from_o severn_n towards_o wales_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o denbighshire_n and_o flintshire_n the_o chief_a town_n herein_o be_v st._n asaph_n shrewsbury_n and_o matraval_n this_o territory_n roderik_n give_v to_o mervin_n his_o third_n son_n south-wales_n south-wales_n 3._o deheubarth_n in_o latin_a dimetia_n which_o the_o english_a call_n south-wales_n contain_v the_o county_n as_o we_o now_o call_v they_o of_o monmouth_n glamorgan_n pembroke_n caermarden_n cardigan_n and_o brecknock_n the_o chief_a seat_n be_v caermarden_n after_o remove_v to_o denevowr-castle_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o caermarden_n monmouth_n landaff_n and_o st._n david_n in_o pembrokeshire_n so_o call_v from_o st._n david_n sometime_o archbishop_n thereof_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o wales_n who_o remove_v the_o see_v from_o caer-leon_n upon_o usk_n to_o this_o place_n st._n david_n be_v by_o the_o welsh_a call_v mynyw_n whence_o in_o latin_a it_o be_v term_v menevia_n and_o this_o part_n roderik_n give_v to_o cadelh_n his_o second_o son_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o mervin_n his_o brother_n take_v powysland_n also_o to_o himself_o of_o these_o three_o part_n roderik_n have_v north-wales_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n esylht_n and_o powy_n in_o right_a of_o his_o grandmother_n nest_n daughter_n of_o cadelh_n prince_n of_o powy_n and_o south-wales_n he_o have_v as_o some_o say_v by_o his_o wife_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o meyric_n prince_n of_o cardigan_n powell_n on_o the_o welsh_a history_n pag._n 35._o chap._n ii_o the_o county_n of_o wales_n as_o they_o now_o stand_v divide_v be_v appoint_v out_o as_o follow_v 1_o glamoganshire_n 2_o caermarthenshire_n 3_o pembrokeshire_n 4_o cardiganshire_n 5_o flintshire_n 6_o caernarvonshire_n 7_o anglesey_n 8_o merionethshire_n these_o shire_n be_v new_o appoint_v out_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1283._o 11_o edw._n 1._o say_v stow._n in_o which_o year_n wales_n be_v total_o subdue_v by_o edw._n 1._o who_o build_v two_o strong_a castle_n there_o one_o at_o conwey_n the_o other_o at_o caernarvon_n and_o then_o new_o divide_v wales_n into_o shire_n and_o hundred_o 9_o monmouthshire_n 10_o radnorshire_n 11_o brecknockshire_n 12_o montgomeryshire_n 13_o denbighshire_n these_o five_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o hen._n 8._o ca._n 26._o and_o also_o divers_a dominion_n and_o lordship_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n be_v then_o also_o annex_v to_o shropshire_n herefordshire_n and_o glocestershire_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n aforesaid_a of_o 27_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 26._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1535._o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n be_v from_o henceforth_o incorporate_v unite_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 34_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 26._o they_o be_v call_v the_o twelve_o shire_n of_o wales_n because_o monmouth_n be_v by_o the_o other_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o subject_v to_o the_o chancery_n of_o england_n and_o to_o the_o king_n judge_n at_o westminster_n and_o therefore_o account_v among_o the_o county_n of_o england_n and_o not_o among_o the_o county_n of_o wales_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 34_o &_o 35_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 26._o there_o be_v a_o precedent_n and_o council_n appoint_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o those_o 12_o shire_n of_o wales_n and_o that_o the_o judge_n of_o chester_n for_o the_o time_n be_v shall_v keep_v session_n twice_o every_o year_n in_o the_o shire_n of_o denbigh_n flint_n and_o montgomery_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o judge_n of_o north-wales_n to_o keep_v session_n twice_o every_o year_n in_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o caernarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n and_o another_o judge_n in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n and_o another_o judge_n in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o shire_n of_o caermarthen_n pembroke_n and_o cardigan_n it_o appear_v also_o by_o the_o same_o statute_n that_o the_o king_n have_v late_o grant_v commission_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o england_n for_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o hundred_o late_o make_v in_o the_o say_a shire_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v remember_v that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 33_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o the_o honour_n of_o hawarden-castle_n with_o its_o member_n to_o wit_n certain_a village_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o hawarden_n which_o former_o belong_v to_o broxton-hundred_n in_o cheshire_n be_v now_o lay_v to_o flintshire_n by_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n chap._n iii_o the_o welshman_n embrace_v the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n according_a to_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o doctrine_n discipline_n and_o worship_n the_o liturgy_n whereof_o be_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n command_n translate_v into_o the_o welsh_a or_o british_a tongue_n as_o the_o bible_n also_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 5_o eliz._n 1563._o but_o because_o that_o church-bible_n than_o set_v forth_o the_o care_n whereof_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o the_o four_o bishop_n of_o wales_n be_v of_o a_o large_a bulk_n it_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o more_o portable_a volume_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o rowland_n heylyn_n alderman_n of_o london_n who_o cause_v also_o a_o welsh_a dictionary_n to_o be_v print_v dr._n heylyn_n cosmography_n pag._n 323._o chap._n iu._n i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o ancient_a descent_n of_o the_o brettan_n and_o welsh_a i_o have_v before_o speak_v something_o hereunto_o concern_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o brettaine_n when_o i_o treat_v of_o england_n cap._n 1._o sect_n 5._o 10._o 5._o supra_fw-la pag._n 10._o i_o have_v now_o to_o add_v that_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o must_v crave_v leave_n to_o note_v the_o ridiculous_a and_o fabulous_a story_n and_o descent_n of_o brute_n with_o the_o long_a series_n of_o king_n downward_o from_o he_o to_o cassibelaun_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 70_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n which_o brute_n these_o brettan_n will_v have_v to_o live_v when_o eli_n judge_v the_o people_n
lydian_n and_o uz_n son_n of_o aram_n dwell_v in_o trachonita_n and_o in_o damascus_n a_o country_n situate_a between_o palestine_n and_o syria_n name_v coelen_n otrus_n call_v also_o hul_n or_o else_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o hul_n inhabit_v armenia_n gether_o have_v bactria_n from_o masus_fw-la come_v the_o masians_n who_o dwell_v in_o a_o fort_n call_v prasine_n josephus_n de_fw-fr antiqu._n judaeorum_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o iii_o salah_n son_n of_o arphaxad_n bear_v in_o the_o thirty_o five_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 37_o live_v 433_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2126_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 470._o iv_o eber_n or_o heber_n son_n of_o salah_n bear_v in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 67_o live_v 464_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2187_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 531._o from_o he_o be_v his_o posterity_n call_v hebrew_n he_o have_v two_o son_n peleg_n and_o joktan_n gen._n 10._o and_o the_o child_n of_o joktan_n be_v almodad_n and_o sheleph_n and_o hazermave_v and_o jerah_n and_o hadoram_n and_o uzal_n and_o diklah_n and_o obal_n and_o abimael_n and_o sheba_n and_o ophir_n and_o havilah_n and_o jobab_v and_o these_o inhabit_v from_o mesha_n to_o sephar_n a_o mount_n in_o the_o east_n gen._n 10._o ver_fw-la 30._o v._o peleg_n son_n of_o eber_n bear_v in_o the_o thirty_o four_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 101_o live_v 239_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1996_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 340._o he_o die_v before_o noah_n and_o in_o his_o day_n be_v the_o earth_n divide_v gen._n 10.25_o vi_o reu_fw-fr or_o regeu_o son_n of_o peleg_n bear_v in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 131_o live_v 239_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2026_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 370._o vii_o serug_v son_n of_o regeu_o bear_v in_o the_o thirty_o second_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 163_o live_v 230_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2050_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 394._o viii_o nahor_n son_n of_o serug_v bear_v in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 193_o live_v 148_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1997._o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 341._o he_o die_v in_o the_o life-time_n of_o noah_n ix_o terah_n son_n of_o nahor_n bear_v in_o the_o twenty_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 222._o he_o live_v 205_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2083_o in_o haran_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 427._o x._o abraham_n son_n of_o terah_n bear_v in_o the_o seventi_v year_n of_o his_o father_n age_n post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 292._o he_o live_v 175_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2123_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 467._o gen._n 25.7_o 2171._o abraham_n have_v also_o by_o hagar_n a_o egyptian_a the_o handmaid_n of_o sarah_n a_o son_n call_v ishmael_n bear_v an._n mundi_fw-la 2034._o and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2171._o sarah_n first_o wife_n of_o abraham_n daughter_n of_o haran_n isaac_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2049_o and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2228._o 1_o esau_n the_o elder_a twin_n bear_v anno_fw-la mund._o 2108._o he_o be_v father_n of_o the_o edomite_n 2_o jacob_n the_o young_a twin_n son_n of_o isaac_n bear_v an._n mund._o 2108._o call_v also_o israel_n gen._n 35.10_o jacob_n die_v age_v 130_o year_n an._n mundi_fw-la 2238._o gen._n 47.9_o zilpah_n concubine_n to_o jacob_n and_o handmaid_n to_o leah_n gad._n asher_n billah_n concubine_n of_o jacob_n and_o handmaid_n to_o rachel_n dan._n nephtali_n leah_n elder_a daughter_n of_o laban_n wife_n of_o jacob._n 1_o reuben_n 2_o simeon_n 3_o levi._n 4_o judah_n of_o he_o david_n descend_v 5_o issachar_n 6_o zabulon_n dinah_n a_o daughter_n defile_v by_o sichem_n gen._n 34._o keturah_n second_o wife_n of_o abraham_n 25.2_o by_o keturah_n he_o have_v issue_n zimran_n jerkshan_n medan_n midian_a ishbak_v and_o shuah_n gen._n 25.2_o nachor_n son_n of_o terah_n have_v to_o wife_n milcah_n daughter_n of_o haran_n 22._o reumah_o concubine_n to_o nachor_n gen._n 22.24_o nachor_n have_v by_o reuma_n these_o child_n tebah_n and_o gaham_n and_o thaash_v and_o maachah_n gen._n 22._o 1_o huz_o 2_o buz._n 3_o kemuel_n father_n of_o aram._n 4_o chese_v 5_o hazo_n 6_o pildash_n gen._n 22.22_o 7_o jidlaph_n 8_o bethuel_n a_o syrian_a gen._n 28.5_o rebekah_n wife_n of_o isaac_n she_o be_v marry_a an._n mundi_fw-la 2088._o laban_n he_o live_v in_o padan_n aram_n gen._n 28.5_o etc._n etc._n 31._o leah_n elder_a daughter_n of_o laban_n wife_n of_o jacob._n joseph_n rachel_n young_a daughter_n of_o laban_n wife_n of_o jacob_n benjamin_n and_o many_o son_n gen._n c._n 31._o haran_n son_n of_o terah_n lot_n milcah_n isca_n call_v also_o sarah_n joseph_n de_fw-fr antiq_fw-la jud._n lib._n 1._o ca._n 7._o for_o the_o child_n of_o all_o these_o see_v genesis_n chapter_n 46._o see_v also_o chap._n 49._o &_o lib._n 1._o chronicorum_fw-la cap._n 1._o ad_fw-la cap._n 10._o so_o much_o touch_v the_o posterity_n of_o sem._n of_o the_o posterity_n of_o cham_n or_o ham_n young_a son_n of_o noah_n gen._n cap._n 10._o i_o be_o or_o ham_n son_n of_o noah_n with_o his_o posterity_n inhabit_v egypt_n psalm_n 105._o ver_fw-la 2.3_o 1_o cush_n seba._n havila_n sabta_fw-la raamah_n sheba_n dedan_n sabtecha_n 2_o mizraim_n 1_o ludim_n 2_o ananim_fw-la 3_o lehabim_n 4_o naphthuim_n 5_o pathrusim_n 6_o caslubim_n out_o of_o who_o come_v philistim_o 7_o caphtorim_n 3_o phut_v 4_o canaan_n from_o who_o his_o posterity_n be_v call_v canaanites_n and_o the_o land_n canaan_n afterward_o call_v judaea_n these_o possess_v all_o the_o country_n from_o gaza_n to_o egypt_n ludim_n ananim_fw-la lehabim_n only_o inhabit_v lybia_n josephus_n de_fw-fr antiqu._n jud._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o naphthuim_n pathrusim_n caslucim_fw-la and_o caphtorim_n the_o ethiopian_a war_n overthrow_v their_o city_n long_a time_n ago_o so_o that_o their_o country_n be_v not_o know_v to_o josephus_n cush_n beget_v nimrod_n beget_v that_o be_v of_o cush_n descend_v nimrod_n nimrod_n a_o mighty_a man_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o nimrod_n settle_v the_o confine_n of_o his_o colony_n about_o babylon_n the_o beginning_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v babel_n and_o erech_v and_o accad_n and_o calneh_n in_o the_o land_n of_o shinar_n out_o of_o that_o land_n go_v forth_o ashur_n who_o build_v nineveh_n and_o rehoboth_n and_o cala_fw-la and_o resen_fw-mi a_o great_a city_n between_o nineveh_n and_o cala_fw-la gen._n cap._n 10._o ver_fw-la 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12._o ⚜_o this_o nimrod_n be_v also_o call_v belus_n as_o some_o conjecture_n the_o tower_n of_o babel_n be_v build_v and_o the_o confusion_n of_o language_n begin_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la conditi_fw-la 1787._o say_v isaacson_n in_o his_o chronology_n but_o other_o refer_v it_o ad_fw-la annum_fw-la 1757_o be_v the_o year_n wherein_o peleg_n be_v bear_v in_o who_o day_n the_o earth_n be_v divide_v and_o canaan_n beget_v sidon_n his_o first-born_a and_o heth_n and_o the_o jebusite_n and_o the_o emorite_fw-la and_o the_o girgasite_n and_o the_o hivite_n and_o the_o arkite_n and_o the_o sinite_fw-la and_o the_o arvadite_n and_o the_o zemarite_n and_o the_o hamathite_n and_o afterward_o be_v the_o family_n of_o the_o canaanite_n spread_v abroad_o and_o their_o border_n be_v from_o sidon_n as_o thou_o come_v to_o gerar_n unto_o gaza_n as_o thou_o go_v unto_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n and_o admah_n and_o zeboim_n even_o unto_o lashah_n gen._n 10.15_o joshuah_n overcome_v the_o canaanite_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2496_o and_o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 840_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n sidon_n son_n of_o canaan_n build_v sidon_n a_o city_n in_o phoenicia_n of_o the_o hevaean_n jebusaeans_n chettaeans_n girgasenes_n eudaeans_n semaeans_n samarians_n be_v nothing_o remain_v but_o their_o name_n in_o scripture_n for_o the_o hebrew_n raze_v down_o their_o city_n of_o the_o posterity_n of_o japhet_n genesis_n chap._n 10._o japhet_n son_n of_o noah_n and_o elder_a son_n as_o most_o man_n be_v of_o opinion_n have_v seven_o son_n 1_o gomer_n 1_o ashkenaz_n 2_o riphath_n 3_o tagarma_n 2_o magog_n 3_o madai_n 4_o javan_n 1_o elishah_n 2_o tarshish_n 3_o kittim_n 4_o dodanim_fw-la 5_o tubal_z 6_o meshech_n 7_o tiras_n by_o these_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o the_o gentile_n divide_v in_o their_o land_n every_o one_o after_o his_o tongue_n after_o their_o family_n in_o their_o nation_n gen._n 10.5_o so_o read_v the_o septuagint_n but_o junius_n read_v ab_fw-la his_fw-la divisae_fw-la sunt_fw-la posteà _fw-la regiones_fw-la gentium_fw-la by_o these_o be_v afterward_o divide_v the_o country_n of_o the_o nation_n gomer_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o gomarian_n the_o nation_n ancient_o be_v call_v after_o the_o name_n of_o their_o first_o author_n original_o and_o from_o magog_n be_v the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n call_v
reign_v 44_o year_n 4_o month_n and_o 7_o day_n the_o scotch_a line_n king_n and_o monarch_n of_o all_o great-brettaine_a and_o ireland_n 24._o james_n vi_o king_n of_o scotland_n son_n of_o mary_n queen_n of_o scot_n 1602._o anno_fw-la chr._n 1602._o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o james_n v._o son_n of_o james_n iu._n and_o of_o the_o lady_n margaret_n elder_a daughter_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o england_n in_o london_n march_v 24._o 1602._o as_o the_o next_o undoubted_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n a_o learned_a and_o religious_a prince_n of_o who_o the_o lord_n bacon_n say_v in_o his_o advancement_n of_o learning_n pa._n 2._o it_o be_v no_o amplification_n but_o a_o positive_a and_o measure_a truth_n that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o learned_a a_o temporal_a monarch_n since_o christ_n be_v time_n in_o all_o literature_n divine_a and_o humane_a as_o this_o king_n james_n of_o who_o see_v more_o in_o scotland_n he_o die_v at_o theobalds_n the_o 27_o of_o march_n 1625._o aged_a 60_o year_n he_o be_v the_o first_o monarch_n of_o all_o great-brettaine_a he_o reign_v 22_o year_n and_o 3_o day_n 25._o charles_n i._o son_n of_o james_n vi_o of_o scotland_n be_v overpowr_v by_o the_o puritanical_a faction_n in_o england_n confederate_a with_o the_o covenanter_n of_o scotland_n who_o begin_v their_o rebellion_n in_o england_n anno_fw-la 1642._o which_v continue_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o rebellious_a parliament_n of_o england_n until_o the_o year_n 1660._o miserable_o ruinate_v both_o our_o church_n and_o state_n and_o these_o rebel_n murder_v this_o good_a king_n the_o 30_o day_n of_o january_n 1648._o in_o the_o 49_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o banish_v his_o child_n he_o reign_v 23_o year_n 10_o month_n and_o 3_o day_n 26._o charles_n ii_o son_n of_o charles_n i._o be_v keep_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o oliver_n cromwell_n the_o traitor_n style_v the_o protector_n but_o be_v after_o restore_v and_o return_v to_o his_o kingdom_n the_o 29_o day_n of_o may_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1660._o chief_a next_o under_o god_n who_o dispose_v and_o order_v the_o heart_n of_o all_o man_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o colonel_n george_n monk_n who_o then_o have_v the_o command_n of_o all_o the_o force_n in_o scotland_n and_o england_n principal_o and_o be_v afterward_o make_v duke_n of_o albemarle_n by_o this_o king_n as_o well_o he_o deserve_v of_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n before_o william_n the_o conqueror_n ii_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n from_o whence_o our_o norman_a king_n of_o england_n aforesaid_a be_v descend_v be_v the_o progeny_n of_o rollo_n the_o dane_n who_o invade_v the_o province_n of_o neustria_n in_o france_n with_o a_o great_a army_n which_o because_o they_o consist_v of_o man_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o world_n they_o be_v call_v norman_n and_o that_o province_n of_o france_n be_v call_v normannia_n in_o latin_a for_o in_o the_o saxon_a language_n of_o our_o ancestor_n norman_n denote_v as_o much_o as_o populi_n septentrionales_fw-la in_o the_o latin_a and_o be_v a_o people_n as_o cambden_n say_v commix_v of_o norwegian_n swede_n and_o dane_n 1._o this_o rollo_n take_v baieux_n in_o normandy_n by_o storm_n and_o slay_v berengarius_fw-la earl_n thereof_o and_o after_o marry_a popa_n daughter_n of_o the_o say_v berengarius_fw-la on_o who_o he_o beget_v william_n afterward_o duke_n of_o normandy_n surname_v longespée_a because_o of_o the_o long_a sword_n he_o use_v to_o wear_v and_o rollo_n much_o perplex_v the_o french_a by_o his_o daily_a rapine_n overrun_v almost_o all_o france_n to_o burgundy_n at_o last_o for_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o peace_n charles_n the_o simple_n king_n of_o france_n give_v unto_o he_o all_o the_o land_n of_o normandy_n from_o the_o river_n epta_fw-la to_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o homage_n from_o the_o king_n of_o france_n with_o gista_n his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n popa_n his_o former_a wife_n be_v now_o either_o dead_a or_o divorce_v whereupon_o rollo_n be_v baptize_v by_o franco_n archbishop_n of_o rouen_n 917._o anno_fw-la chr._n 917._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 912._o and_o he_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la nati_fw-la 917._o ordericus_n vitalis_n lib._n 3._o ad_fw-la initium_fw-la will._n gemeticensis_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 12_o &_o 17._o 2._o william_n surname_v longespée_v duke_n of_o normandy_n be_v son_n of_o rollo_n slay_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 942._o 3._o richard_z i._o duke_n of_o normandy_n son_n of_o william_n be_v but_o 10_o year_n old_a when_o his_o father_n be_v slay_v he_o be_v duke_n 54_o year_n 4._o anno_fw-la 996._o richard_z ii_o son_n of_o richard_n i._o by_o gunnor_n first_o his_o concubine_n and_o after_o his_o wife_n gemeticensis_n lib._n 8._o cap._n 36._o succeed_v duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o be_v duke_n 30_o year_n he_o have_v two_o son_n who_o succeed_v duke_n one_o after_o another_o richard_n and_o robert_n beside_o other_o child_n 5._o anno_fw-la 1026._o richard_z iii_o son_n of_o richard_n ii_o succeed_a duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o be_v duke_n scarce_o a_o year_n and_o a_o half_a 6._o anno_fw-la 1028._o robert_n brother_z to_z richard_z iii_o succeed_a duke_n and_o after_o he_o have_v be_v duke_n seven_o year_n and_o a_o half_a he_o die_v at_o the_o city_n of_o nice_a in_o bythinia_n anno_fw-la 1035._o 7._o william_n bastard_z son_n of_o robert_n by_o arlet_n or_o herlue_v as_o some_o write_v she_o a_o skinner_n daughter_n of_o faloys_n in_o normandy_n chronicon_fw-la joh._n bromton_n pag._n 910._o a_o child_n of_o eight_o year_n of_o age_n succeed_v duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o be_v duke_n 53_o year_n ordericus_n lib._n 3._o in_o initio_fw-la in_o the_o 32_o year_n of_o his_o dukedom_n to_o wit_n anno_fw-la 1066._o he_o conquer_a england_n and_o be_v common_o call_v william_n the_o conqueror_n robert_n curthose_n elder_a son_n of_o the_o conqueror_n be_v after_o his_o father_n also_o duke_n of_o normandy_n see_v the_o rest_n above_o pag._n 32._o among_o the_o norman_a king_n of_o england_n ⚜_o normandy_n be_v lose_v to_o the_o french_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n anno_fw-la 1204._o mat._n paris_n pag._n 212._o normandy_n win_v again_o from_o the_o french_a by_o henry_n v._o anno_fw-la 1416._o normandy_n lose_v again_o by_o henry_n vi._n anno_fw-la 1449._o and_o so_o much_o of_o england_n of_o wales_z chap._n i._n of_o the_o name_n of_o wales_n and_o description_n of_o the_o country_n i._o the_o name_n of_o wales_n be_v impose_v from_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n for_o the_o ancient_a brettan_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o saxon_n flee_v into_o the_o west_n part_v of_o brettaine_n be_v natural_o fortify_v with_o great_a mountain_n and_o overflowing_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o wit_n into_o that_o part_n now_o call_v wales_n and_o into_o cornwall_n but_o the_o brettan_n of_o cornwall_n though_o they_o stout_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v their_o country_n yet_o be_v they_o soon_o force_v to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o saxon_n cambden_n and_o verstegan_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o saxon_n term_v all_o alien_n and_o stranger_n walsh_n and_o hence_o they_o call_v these_o inhabitant_n because_o stranger_n unto_o they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o walshman_n and_o their_o country_n wales_n but_o more_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n their_o neighbour_n in_o latin_a term_v galli_n by_o the_o french_a gall_n which_o the_o saxon_n pronounce_v wall_n and_o from_o whence_o walles-man_n and_o now_o corrupt_o welshman_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v thence_o call_v wales_n as_o one_o shall_v say_v the_o country_n of_o the_o waules_n or_o wall_n and_o in_o ancient_a latin_a author_n it_o be_v many_o time_n style_v guallia_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o gualli_n and_o every_o man_n know_v how_o the_o saxon_n in_o most_o word_n do_v use_v w_n for_o g_z as_o war_n for_o guerre_fw-fr ward_n for_o guard_n and_o the_o like_a and_o at_o this_o day_n the_o french_a stile_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n le_z prince_z de_fw-fr gall_n the_o ancient_a galli_n be_v call_v cimbri_n or_o kimbri_n undè_fw-la cambro-britannia_n be_v use_v for_o wales_n and_o cambro-britannus_n for_o a_o welshman_n and_o ask_v these_o cambro-brittans_n or_o welsh-brittans_n how_o they_o call_v themselves_o they_o will_v present_o tell_v you_o kimeri_fw-la or_o kumeri_fw-la which_o sound_v as_o much_o as_o kimbri_n or_o kymbry_a now_o in_o latin_a mould_v into_o cambri_n howsoever_o the_o name_n come_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o wales_n at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o remnant_n of_o the_o ancient_n brettans_fw-fr but_o not_o without_o great_a commixture_n of_o the_o english_a their_o neighbour_n which_o must_v needs_o follow_v in_o so_o long_a a_o tract_n
before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n those_o who_o possess_v the_o inward_a part_n above_o massilia_n and_o inhabit_v about_o the_o alps_n and_o on_o that_o side_n the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n be_v call_v celtae_n and_o those_o who_o inhabit_v that_o celtica_n towards_o the_o south_n part_n and_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o hercynian_a mountain_n and_o all_o those_o people_n scatter_v even_o to_o scythia_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v galli_n or_o gaul_n but_o the_o roman_n call_v all_o these_o nation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o galli_n only_o see_v also_o stephanus_n his_o latin_a dictionary_n voces_fw-la celtae_n and_o galli_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d graece_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o suidas_n and_o hesychius_n but_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o no_o nation_n at_o this_o day_n be_v so_o entire_a by_o reason_n of_o continual_a war_n one_o with_o another_o since_o the_o first_o plantation_n of_o the_o world_n after_o the_o flood_n and_o the_o infinite_a intermingle_v one_o with_o another_o occasion_v thereby_o and_o expel_v one_o another_o out_o of_o their_o own_o ancient_a country_n over_o and_o over_o again_o in_o so_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n can_v be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v descend_v from_o any_o one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o noah_n entire_o but_o rather_o from_o they_o all_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o universal_a commixture_n of_o their_o posterity_n at_o this_o day_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_n first_o attempt_v brettaine_v and_o how_o long_o it_o remain_v under_o the_o roman_a servitude_n i._o caesar_n first_o attempt_n upon_o brettaine_n be_v 55_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a computation_n which_o fall_v in_o an._n mundi_fw-la conditi_fw-la 3895._o caesar_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 4._o &_o 5._o tell_v we_o his_o first_o expedition_n into_o brettaine_n be_v when_o m._n crassus_n and_o cneius_n pompeius_n be_v consul_n which_o be_v anno_fw-la vrbis_fw-la conditae_fw-la 699._o &_o anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 3895._o &_o antè_fw-la christum_fw-la 55._o but_o caesar_n do_v not_o subdue_v brettaine_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o tributary_n till_o his_o second_o expedition_n into_o this_o island_n and_o that_o be_v the_o year_n follow_v and_o at_o this_o second_o come_v the_o strong_a city_n of_o the_o trinobant_n now_o call_v london_n yield_v themselves_o and_o submit_v to_o the_o roman_n as_o not_o able_a to_o sustain_v their_o force_n and_o soon_o after_o also_o many_o other_o town_n submit_v and_o so_o caesar_n have_v receive_v pledge_n from_o cassibelan_n for_o his_o submission_n to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o appoint_v what_o tribute_n yearly_o brettain_v shall_v pay_v depart_v out_o of_o brettaine_n caesar_n lib._n 5._o pag._n 164._o the_o tribute_n impose_v on_o the_o brettains_n be_v 3000_o l._n yearly_a if_o we_o may_v believe_v speed_n in_o his_o history_n at_o large_a pag._n 187._o a._n also_o ponticus_n virunnius_n pag._n 25._o out_o of_o the_o welsh_a history_n now_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v take_v by_o alaricus_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 410._o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v to_o decline_v bede_n de_fw-fr hist_n ang._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 11._o so_o as_o the_o rule_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o roman_n over_o brettaine_n continue_v almost_o 470_o year_n from_o the_o first_o come_v of_o caius_n julius_n caesar_n into_o this_o island_n as_o bede_n himself_o compute_v in_o the_o same_o chapter_n but_o cambden_n say_v it_o continue_v 476_o year_n compute_v to_o the_o time_n of_o valentinian_n the_o three_o in_o his_o britannia_n printed_n 1607._o pag._n 60._o the_o division_n of_o brettaine_n before_o and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n comprehend_v the_o place_n as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v exit_fw-la cambdeno_fw-la danmonii_n cornwall_n devonshire_n durotriges_n dorsetshire_n belgae_n somersetshire_n wiltshire_n hantshire_n isle_n of_o wight_n atrebatii_n berkshire_n regni_fw-la surrey_n sussex_n cantium_n kent_n dobuni_n glocestershire_n oxfordshire_n cattieuclani_n buckinghamshire_n bedfordshire_n hartfordshire_n trinobantes_n middlesex_n essex_n iceni_n suffolk_n norfolk_n cambridgeshire_n huntingtonshire_n coritani_n northamptonshire_n leycestershire_n rutlandshire_n lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n derbyshire_n cornavii_n warwickshire_n worcestershire_n staffordshire_n shropshire_n cheshire_n brigantes_n yorkshire_n bishopric_n of_o durham_n lancashire_n westmoreland_n cumberland_n ottadini_n northumberland_n silures_n herefordshire_n radnorshire_n brecknockshire_n monmouthshire_n glamorganshire_n dimetae_n caermardenshire_n pembrookshire_n cardiganshire_n ordovices_n montgomeryshire_n merionethshire_n caernarvonshire_n isle_n of_o anglesey_n denbighshire_n flintshire_n cangi_n cambden_n suppose_v these_o to_o be_v seat_v about_o chester_n in_o his_o britannia_n tit._n cheshire_n brettaine_fw-mi be_v make_v a_o member_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v at_o first_o divide_v into_o three_o province_n only_o viz._n 1._o britannia_fw-la prima_fw-la so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v first_o subdue_v comprehend_v the_o county_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n and_o those_o inhabit_v by_o the_o trinobantes_n iceni_n and_o cattieuchlani_n the_o chief_a city_n london_n 2._o britannia_fw-la secunda_fw-la comprise_v all_o the_o country_n on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o river_n severn_n who_o chief_a seat_n be_v caer-leon_n upon_o usk_n in_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n 3._o maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n include_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o northern_a border_n whereof_o the_o metropolis_n be_v york_n and_o in_o this_o state_n it_o stand_v till_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n who_o make_v two_o more_o out_o of_o the_o former_a to_o wit_n 4._o valentia_n contain_v all_o the_o country_n from_o the_o frith_n of_o solway_n and_o the_o pict_n wall_n in_o cumberland_n to_o the_o frith_n of_o edenburough_n and_o dunbritton_n northward_o 5._o flavia_n caesariensis_n comprehend_v all_o between_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o humber_n the_o rest_n between_o humber_n and_o the_o bound_n of_o valentia_n continue_v under_o the_o old_a name_n of_o maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n though_o now_o make_v less_o than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o four_o so_o dr._n heylyn_n in_o his_o cosmography_n pag._n 309._o maginus_fw-la upon_o ptolemy_n pars_fw-la secunda_fw-la pag._n 39_o the_o force_n which_o the_o roman_n keep_v in_o continual_a pay_n in_o brettaine_n as_o well_o to_o keep_v their_o coast_n and_o frontier_n against_o the_o enemy_n as_o to_o keep_v the_o brettan_n in_o obedience_n amount_v in_o all_o if_o pancirol_n be_v not_o mistake_v in_o the_o account_n unto_o 23000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n three_o legion_n keep_v here_o their_o constant_a and_o continual_a residence_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o six_o legion_n surname_v victrix_n at_o york_n the_o twenty_o legion_n victrix_n at_o westchester_n the_o second_o legion_n sometime_o at_o isca_n dannioniorum_n now_o call_v exeter_n and_o sometime_o at_o isca_n silurum_n now_o caer-leon_n upon_o usk_n but_o this_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n or_o late_a under_o vespasian_n romani_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la ⚜_o caius_n julius_n caesar_n land_v his_o army_n in_o kent_n at_o dover_n montanus_n in_o his_o commentary_n on_o caesar_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n li._n 4._o p._n 135._o this_o be_v about_o 55_o year_n before_o christ_n be_v bear_v according_a to_o our_o common_a computation_n of_o his_o birth_n 9_o paulus_n orosius_n lib_n 6._o c._n 9_o in_o his_o first_o encounter_n he_o be_v beat_v by_o the_o brettan_n ibid._n pag._n 137._o but_o land_v more_o man_n in_o long-boat_n he_o put_v the_o brettan_n to_o flight_n then_o the_o brettan_n send_v ambassador_n for_o a_o peace_n not_o long_o after_o the_o brettan_n fall_v upon_o the_o roman_n and_o disorder_v they_o understand_v the_o roman_n be_v distress_v for_o want_v of_o provision_n and_o after_o that_o in_o another_o battle_n they_o be_v rout_v and_o sore_o pursue_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o after_o this_o about_o september_n caesar_n in_o the_o night_n have_v land_v more_o man_n the_o brettan_n gather_v together_o about_o six_o thousand_o man_n and_o enclose_v the_o enemy_n round_o and_o worsted_n the_o roman_n thus_o out_o of_o caesar_n himself_o lib._n 4._o we_o find_v fortune_n various_a in_o her_o victory_n labienus_n be_v then_o chief_a commander_n under_o caesar_n and_o cassibelaun_n general_n of_o the_o brettan_n and_o this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o first_o expedition_n of_o caesar_n who_o settle_v the_o winter-quarter_n of_o his_o soldier_n in_o belgis_n that_o be_v in_o hantshire_n wiltshire_n and_o somersetshire_n and_o have_v receive_v pledge_n only_o from_o two_o city_n of_o brettaine_n in_o order_n to_o a_o peace_n for_o the_o rest_n will_v send_v no_o pledge_n caesar_n go_v into_o italy_n lib._n 4._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gallico_n in_o ipso_fw-la sine_fw-la caesar_n depart_v out_o of_o his_o winter-quarter_n into_o italy_n lucius_n domitius_n and_o appian_n claudius_n be_v consul_n command_v
reformation_n spotswood_n history_n of_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n pag._n 116._o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o original_a of_o the_o scot_n in_o scotland_n i._n first_o for_o the_o etymology_n of_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n it_o be_v as_o of_o other_o nation_n round_o about_o full_a of_o obscurity_n buchanan_n a_o man_n otherwise_o of_o deep_a insight_n a_o excellent_a latin_a poet_n but_o a_o bad_a statesman_n will_v have_v scotland_n name_v from_o scota_n a_o counterfeit_a daughter_n of_o pharaoh_n king_n of_o egypt_n wed_v forsooth_o to_o one_o gaithelus_n son_n of_o cecrops_n founder_n of_o athens_n for_o which_o he_o be_v just_o tax_v by_o cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n pag._n 85._o for_o no_o man_n skilful_a in_o antiquity_n can_v endure_v such_o palpable_a falsity_n and_o fable_n matthew_z of_o westminster_n sub_fw-la anno_fw-la gratiae_n 77._o say_v that_o from_o the_o pict_n and_o the_o irish_a the_o scot_n have_v their_o original_a as_o it_o be_v compact_v of_o divers_a nation_n for_o scot_n say_v he_o be_v a_o heap_n make_v up_o of_o several_a thing_n but_o learned_a cambden_n suppose_v and_o prove_v that_o the_o scot_n inhabit_v ireland_n and_o from_o thence_o come_v into_o scotland_n and_o that_o they_o be_v original_o scythian_n for_o as_o from_o getae_n getici_fw-la gothi_n gothici_n so_o scythae_n scythici_n scoti_n scotici_n take_v their_o derivation_n hibernia_n propriè_fw-la patria_fw-la scottorum_fw-la est_fw-la say_v bede_n and_o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n lib._n 1._o histor_n pag._n 301._o say_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o scot_n come_v out_o of_o spain_n into_o ireland_n and_o from_o ireland_n part_n of_o they_o come_v into_o brettaine_n and_o so_o add_v a_o three_o nation_n in_o brettaine_n to_o the_o briton_n and_o pict_n for_o the_o part_n which_o remain_v in_o ireland_n do_v in_o huntington_n time_n use_v the_o same_o language_n and_o be_v call_v navarri_n ii_o but_o for_o the_o time_n when_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n be_v first_o know_v there_o be_v some_o question_n homfrey_n lhuid_n say_v the_o name_n of_o scot_n can_v be_v find_v in_o any_o author_n before_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a that_o be_v till_o about_o 310_o year_n after_o christ_n birth_n cambden_n in_o his_o observation_n tell_v we_o the_o first_o mention_n of_o the_o scot_n be_v under_o aurelian_a the_o emperor_n in_o his_o britannia_n pag._n 90._o and_o that_o must_v be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 270._o the_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n prevail_v in_o ireland_n and_o begin_v to_o be_v famous_a towards_o the_o decline_a of_o the_o roman_a empire_n 19_o orosius_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o pag._n 19_o orosius_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n and_o arcadius_n emperor_n ireland_n be_v inhabit_a with_o the_o scot_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 400._o whence_o claudian_n the_o poet_n de_fw-fr quarto_fw-la consulatu_fw-la honorii_n which_o be_v in_o anno_fw-la 398._o and_o live_v in_o the_o same_o age_n say_v scottorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la jerne_n and_o again_o in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la stiliconis_n totam_fw-la cùm_fw-la scotus_n jernam_fw-la movit_fw-la there_o be_v scoti_n jerni_n irish_a scot_n and_o scoti_n albini_n scot_n of_o albin_n in_o scotland_n buchanan_n pag._n 54._o historian_n call_v ireland_n scotia_n major_a and_o scotland_n in_o brettaine_n scotia_n minor_fw-la cambd._n brit._n pag._n 90._o iii_o for_o the_o time_n when_o these_o scot_n come_v first_o out_o of_o ireland_n into_o brettaine_n it_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o valentinian_n the_o emperor_n for_o they_o assist_v the_o pict_n in_o their_o war_n against_o the_o bretton_n then_o under_o the_o roman_a yoke_n in_o that_o part_n of_o brettaine_n which_o be_v now_o call_v england_n about_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 366._o so_o cambden_n britannia_n pag._n 55._o ex_fw-la ammiano_fw-it marcellino_n for_o at_o this_o time_n the_o pict_n scot_n saxon_n and_o the_o attacotti_n do_v much_o infest_v the_o brettan_n and_o claudian_n the_o poet_n in_o his_o panegyric_n of_o the_o four_o consulship_n of_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 398._o say_v thus_o ille_fw-la caledoniis_fw-la posuit_fw-la qui_fw-la castra_n pruinis_fw-la qui_fw-la medio_fw-la libyae_n sub_fw-la casside_fw-la pertulit_fw-la aestus_fw-la terribilis_fw-la mauro_n debellatorque_fw-la britanni_n littoris_fw-la ac_fw-la paritèr_fw-la boreae_fw-la vastator_n &_o austri_fw-la quid_fw-la rigour_n aeternus_fw-la coeli_fw-la quid_fw-la sydera_fw-la prosunt_fw-la ignotúmque_fw-la fretum_fw-la maduerunt_fw-la saxone_n fuso_fw-la orcades_n incaluit_fw-la pictorum_fw-la sanguine_fw-la thule_n scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la hiberne_n and_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v at_o this_o time_n a_o officer_n call_v comes_fw-la littoris_fw-la saxonici_fw-la in_o brettaine_n who_o with_o the_o soldier_n allot_v he_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o sea-coast_n in_o brettaine_n from_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n be_v also_o beat_v out_o of_o that_o part_n of_o brettaine_n now_o call_v england_n by_o stilico_n the_o chief_a governor_n of_o brettaine_n under_o honorius_n who_o also_o expel_v the_o saxon_n and_o the_o scot_n return_v back_o into_o ireland_n short_o after_o come_v again_o and_o the_o pict_n than_o first_o and_o afterward_o continue_v in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o brettaine_n yet_o cease_v not_o to_o molest_v the_o brettan_n thus_o bede_n lib._n 1._o ecclesiasticae_fw-la historiae_fw-la anglorum_fw-la gentis_fw-la cap._n 14_o revertuntur_fw-la ergò_fw-la impudentes_fw-la grassatores_fw-la hyberni_fw-la domum_fw-la post_fw-la non_fw-la longum_fw-la tempus_fw-la reversuri_fw-la picti_n in_o extremà _fw-la parte_fw-la insulae_fw-la tunc_fw-la primùm_fw-la &_o deincèp_n quieverunt_fw-la praedas_fw-la tamèn_fw-fr nonnunquà m_fw-la exindè_fw-la &_o contritiones_fw-la de_fw-la britonum_fw-la gente_fw-la agere_fw-la non_fw-la cessârunt_fw-la which_o bede_n take_v verbatim_o out_o of_o gildas_n cap._n 18._o fol._n 17._o b._n now_o gildas_n place_v this_o after_o the_o brettan_n have_v send_v their_o lamentable_a letter_n unto_o aetius_n the_o consul_n which_o be_v send_v say_v bede_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 446._o anno_fw-la theodosii_fw-la secundi_fw-la vicesimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la lib._n 1._o hist_o cap._n 13._o the_o substance_n of_o the_o letter_n be_v thus_o aetio_fw-la tèr_fw-la consuli_fw-la gemitus_fw-la britannorum_fw-la and_o so_o post_fw-la pauca_fw-la repellunt_fw-la barbari_fw-la ad_fw-la mare_fw-la repellit_fw-la mare_fw-la ad_fw-la barbaros_fw-la inter_fw-la haec_fw-la duo_fw-la genera_fw-la funerum_fw-la aut_fw-la jugulamur_fw-la aut_fw-la mergimur_fw-la yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o roman_n send_v they_o no_o aid_n at_o that_o time_n for_o the_o roman_a power_n be_v now_o decline_v now_o the_o computation_n of_o bede_n be_v not_o right_a unless_o we_o understand_v it_o of_o the_o 23_o year_n of_o theodosius_n after_o the_o death_n of_o honorius_n and_o so_o bede_n express_v himself_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n for_o aetius_n be_v consul_n the_o first_o time_n with_o symmachus_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 446._o and_o thus_o the_o scot_n must_v return_v about_o that_o time_n into_o ireland_n but_o cambden_n say_v libre_fw-la pasletensis_fw-la cast_v the_o return_n of_o the_o scot_n into_o the_o north_n of_o brettaine_n in_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 404._o giraldus_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o nellus_fw-la magnus_fw-la monarch_n of_o ireland_n six_o son_n of_o mure_v king_n of_o ulster_n possess_v the_o north_n part_v of_o brettaine_n whence_o that_o nation_n be_v propagate_v and_o call_v scotland_n and_o therefore_o cambden_n conceive_v it_o must_v fall_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o honorius_n bede_n make_v mention_n of_o reuda_n about_o this_o time_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr hist_n ang._n cap._n 1._o under_o who_o conduct_n the_o scot_n out_o of_o ireland_n seat_v themselves_o in_o brettaine_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n cluyd_v which_o they_o possess_v either_o by_o force_n or_o friendship_n from_o who_o they_o be_v call_v dalreudini_a that_o be_v the_o part_n of_o reuda_n and_o other_o think_v that_o from_o this_o reuda_n we_o give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o red-shanks_n say_v cambden_n and_o the_o opinion_n be_v that_o about_o this_o time_n flourish_v that_o simon_n brechus_n who_o the_o scot_n say_v be_v the_o founder_n of_o their_o nation_n sinbrech_n be_v the_o true_a name_n of_o the_o man_n sin_n signify_v pimple_n or_o freckle_n ut_fw-la apud_fw-la fordonum_fw-la legitur_fw-la perhaps_o this_o be_v the_o brichus_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n patrick_n with_o thuibaius_n macleius_n and_o auspacus_n scotchmen_n vex_v brettaine_n as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n carantocus_fw-la but_o why_o do_v the_o scot_n call_v their_o country_n in_o brettaine_n alban_n or_o albin_n and_o the_o irish_a call_v it_o allabany_n cambden_n suppose_v from_o banno_fw-la by_o which_o name_n their_o poet_n call_v ireland_n as_o it_o be_v another_o ireland_n buchanan_n say_v that_o alpum_n and_o album_n from_o whence_o come_v albin_n be_v a_o
pag._n 280._o but_o walsingham_n pag._n 129._o say_v anno_fw-la 1328_o hoc_fw-la anno_fw-la robertus_fw-la bruis_n rex_fw-la scotiae_fw-la leprâ_fw-la percussus_fw-la obiit_fw-la 7_o idus_fw-la junii_fw-la not_o julii_n the_o scot_n than_o choose_v thomas_n randulf_n earl_n of_o murray_n protector_n of_o david_n bruse_n son_n of_o robert_n a_o child_n about_o eight_o year_n old_a randulf_n die_v 1331_o 13_o calendas_fw-la augusti_fw-la and_o duncan_n earl_n of_o marre_n be_v then_o choose_v protector_n of_o scotland_n 30._o edward_n balliol_n son_n of_o john_n balliol_n king_n enter_v scotland_n with_o a_o army_n and_o be_v so_o prosperous_a that_o he_o be_v crown_v at_o scone_n 8_o calendas_fw-la septembris_fw-la 1332._o buchanan_n pag._n 285._o but_o walsingham_n say_v he_o be_v crown_v 5_o calendas_fw-la octobris_fw-la that_o be_v the_o 27._o of_o september_n 31._o david_n bruse_n son_n of_o king_n robert_n bruse_n call_v david_n ii_o he_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o father_n throne_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o scot_n he_o marry_v jane_n sister_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o at_o barwick_n 18_o julii_n 1329._o she_o die_v in_o england_n 1357._o and_o he_o die_v at_o edinburgh_n 7_o maii_n 1370._o anno_o aetatis_fw-la 47_o annoque_fw-la regni_fw-la propè_fw-la 39_o leave_v no_o issue_n buchanan_n for_o he_o be_v crown_v 1330_o 23_o novembris_fw-la so_o that_o this_o be_v a_o tumultuous_a age_n in_o scotland_n 1370._o ann._n dom._n 1370._o 32._o robert_n ii_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o stewart_n king_n of_o scotland_n by_o descent_n from_o the_o elder_a sister_n of_o david_n bruse_n he_o marry_v euphemia_n daughter_n of_o hugh_n earl_n of_o rosse_n and_o by_o she_o have_v issue_n walter_n earl_n of_o athol_n and_o david_n comes_fw-la jerniae_fw-la which_o david_n have_v only_o one_o daughter_n marry_v to_o patrick_n gramus_fw-la buchanan_n pag._n 353._o also_o euphemia_n a_o daughter_n marry_v to_o james_n douglas_n euphemia_n the_o queen_n die_v 1373._o buchanan_n pag._n 307._o soon_o after_o he_o marry_v elizabeth_n moor_n daughter_n of_o sir_n adam_n moor_n his_o old_a concubine_n of_o who_o he_o have_v former_o beget_v three_o son_n and_o two_o daughter_n and_o have_v place_v she_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o with_o one_o giffard_n a_o nobleman_n of_o lothaine_n who_o he_o marry_v to_o make_v those_o child_n legitimate_a john_n the_o elder_a he_o make_v earl_n of_o carrict_a robert_n he_o make_v earl_n of_o mentith_n and_o fife_n and_o alexander_n he_o make_v earl_n of_o buqhan_n who_o have_v a_o bastard_n call_v also_o alexander_n earl_n of_o marre_n cambden_n britannia_n pag._n 713._o this_o robert_n ii_o die_v anno_fw-la 1390._o about_o the_o thirteen_o of_o the_o calends_o of_o may_n age_v 74_o year_n and_o have_v reign_v 19_o year_n and_o 24_o day_n buchanan_n lib._n 9_o pag._n 323._o note_n note_n of_o the_o original_n of_o the_o family_n of_o stewart_n in_o scotland_n there_o be_v a_o fable_n mention_v by_o dr._n heylin_n in_o his_o cosmography_n pag._n 336_o which_o you_o may_v read_v there_o at_o large_a the_o sum_n of_o the_o truth_n if_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o truth_n be_v this_o in_o the_o day_n of_o malcolme_n cammoir_n king_n of_o scotland_n about_o anno_fw-la 1090_o one_o walter_n son_n of_o fleanch_n son_n of_o bancho_fw-la be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n against_o the_o gallowidians_n in_o scotland_n who_o slay_v their_o commander_n and_o so_o quell_v the_o rebellion_n the_o king_n upon_o his_o return_n for_o his_o good_a service_n make_v he_o stewart_n of_o scotland_n a_o office_n of_o collect_v all_o the_o king_n revenue_n in_o former_a time_n such_o be_v call_v thanes_z and_o the_o thanes_z of_o country_n in_o many_o place_n be_v now_o call_v stewart_n the_o english_a speech_n overspread_v that_o country_n et_fw-la qui_fw-la illis_fw-la erat_fw-la ab_fw-la thanus_n nunc_fw-la stuartus_fw-la scotiae_fw-la nominatur_fw-la and_o from_o this_o walter_n the_o family_n of_o the_o stewart_n take_v their_o name_n and_o original_a who_o have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n flourish_v in_o scotland_n thus_o buchanan_n rerum_fw-la scoticarum_fw-la lib._n 7._o pag._n 212._o but_o powel_n on_o the_o welsh_a history_n pag._n 97._o tell_v we_o that_o the_o say_a fleanch_n a_o nobleman_n of_o scotland_n flee_v for_o safety_n to_o griffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewellyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n where_o he_o fall_v in_o love_n with_o griffith_n daughter_n who_o name_n i_o find_v to_o be_v nest_n and_o get_v she_o with_o child_n whereupon_o griffith_n cause_v fleanch_n to_o be_v kill_v at_o last_o she_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n call_v walter_n who_o go_v into_o scotland_n and_o at_o last_o become_v stewart_n of_o scotland_n as_o be_v above_o rehearse_v 33._o robert_n iii_o son_n of_o robert_n ii_o who_o right_a name_n be_v john_n but_o change_v into_o robert_n after_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v crown_v the_o ides_n of_o august_n 1390._o buchanan_n lib._n 10._o pag._n 324._o sub_fw-la initio_fw-la he_o marry_v annabill_n daughter_n of_o sir_n john_n drommond_v of_o stobhall_n knight_n and_o have_v issue_n two_o son_n david_n and_o james_n david_n die_v in_o falkland_n famish_v say_v buchanan_n by_o his_o perfidious_a uncle_n robert_n earl_n of_o fife_n and_o governor_n of_o scotland_n anno_fw-la 1401._o this_o david_n have_v before_o betroth_v elizabeth_n daughter_n of_o george_n earl_n of_o narne_n pag._n 326._o robert_n iii_o be_v bury_v the_o first_o of_o april_n 1406._o annoque_fw-la regni_fw-la 16._o buchanan_n lib._n 10._o pag._n 333._o he_o die_v for_o grief_n that_o james_n his_o young_a son_n be_v take_v and_o keep_v prisoner_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o a_o parliament_n at_o perth_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1399._o this_o king_n robert_n create_v his_o son_n david_n then_o age_v 18_o year_n duke_n of_o rothsay_n and_o robert_n earl_n of_o fife_n be_v make_v duke_n of_o albany_n these_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o scotland_n 34._o james_n i._o son_n of_o robert_n iii_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o sea_n go_v for_o france_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n a_o little_a before_o his_o father_n death_n where_o he_o be_v keep_v prisoner_n 18_o year_n and_o then_o set_v free_a in_o february_n 1423._o and_o crown_v in_o scotland_n the_o 21_o of_o april_n follow_v he_o marry_v jane_n daughter_n of_o john_n beaufort_n earl_n of_o somerset_n in_o england_n 1423._o stow_n and_o have_v two_o son_n twin_n alezander_n and_o james_n alexander_n die_v young_a and_o james_n succeed_v king_n bear_v the_o fourteen_o of_o october_n 1430._o buchanan_n pag._n 347._o also_o six_o daughter_n margaret_n one_o daughter_n contract_v to_o lewis_n son_n of_o charles_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o france_n 1425._o buchanan_n pag._n 342._o james_n the_o first_o die_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1437._o age_v 44_o year_n and_o reign_v 13_o year_n buchanan_n pag._n 361._o 35._o james_n ii_o son_n of_o james_n the_o first_o scarce_o seven_o year_n old_a crown_a king_n at_o edinburgh_n in_o caenobio_n sanctae_fw-la crucis_fw-la about_o the_o six_o of_o the_o calends_o of_o april_n 1437._o buchanan_n pag._n 362._o alexander_n leviston_n make_v protector_n and_o william_n crihton_n lord_n chancellor_n he_o marry_v mary_n daughter_n of_o arnold_n duke_n of_o gelderland_n anno_fw-la 1448._o hollinshed_n call_v her_o margaret_n pag._n 248._o and_o have_v issue_n by_o she_o three_o son_n and_o two_o daughter_n james_n the_o elder_a alexander_n the_o second_o son_n duke_z of_o albany_z marry_v the_o earl_n of_o orkney_n daughter_n and_o get_v on_o she_o alexander_n bishop_n of_o murray_n and_o then_o part_v with_o she_o go_v into_o france_n and_o marry_v the_o countess_n of_o boulogne_n by_o who_o he_o have_v sir_n john_n steward_n duke_z of_o albany_z governor_n of_o scotland_n many_o year_n in_o the_o minority_n of_o james_n the_o five_o the_o three_o son_n be_v john_n stewart_n earl_n of_o marre_n marry_o the_o elder_a daughter_n marry_v the_o lord_n boyd_n and_o after_o to_o james_n lord_n hamilton_n buchanan_n pag._n 420._o so_o be_v the_o blood_n royal_a mingle_v with_o the_o family_n of_o hamilton_n the_o young_a daughter_n marry_v the_o lord_n crihton_n hollinshed_n pag._n 248._o james_n the_o second_o be_v slay_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o roxborough_n castle_n 1460._o anno_fw-la aetatis_fw-la 29_o &_o regni_n 23._o buchanan_n lib._n 11._o ad_fw-la finem_fw-la pag._n 399._o 36._o james_n iii_o son_n of_o james_n the_o second_o marry_a margaret_n daughter_n of_o christiern_n king_n of_o denmark_n anno_fw-la 1470._o buchanan_n lib._n 12._o pag._n 420._o of_o who_o he_o beget_v a_o son_n call_v james_n bear_v in_o march_n anno_fw-la 1473._o christern_n king_n of_o denmark_n release_v unto_o this_o james_n all_o his_o right_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o orcades_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o daughter_n james_n the_o three_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o rebellious_a subject_n in_o battle_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 1488._o regni_fw-la
parliament_n at_o barwick_n where_o he_o receive_v the_o homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n stow._n 1._o 1298._o 26_o ed._n 1._o at_o flowkirk_n in_o scotland_n july_n 22._o 1298._o where_o be_v slay_v more_o than_o 20000_o scot_n stow._n 2._o 1313._o 7_o edw._n 2._o at_o sterling_n in_o scotland_n june_n 24._o 1313._o where_o the_o english_a be_v beat_v walsingham_n and_o stow._n buchanan_n pag._n 264_o 265_o say_v there_o fell_a 200_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o near_o as_o many_o more_o of_o the_o nobility_n take_v prisoner_n and_o 50000_o common_a soldier_n be_v slay_v as_o some_o scot_n relate_v and_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o scot_n be_v slay_v about_o 4000_o and_o only_o two_o knight_n james_n douglas_n then_o general_n of_o the_o scotch_a force_n at_o a_o place_n by_o barwick_n call_v bothul_n near_o halydown_o 3._o 1332._o 6_o edw._n 3._o where_o be_v slay_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o scot_n 8_o earl_n 1300_o horse_n and_o 35000_o common_a soldier_n and_o turnbull_n the_o scotch_a champion_n be_v overcome_v in_o combat_n by_o sir_n robert_n nenale_n a_o norfolk_n gentleman_n stow._n this_o be_v call_v the_o battle_n of_o halydown_o hill_n at_o durham_n the_o 27._o of_o october_n 1346._o 3._o 1346._o 20_o ed._n 3._o while_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o besiege_v calais_n in_o france_n david_n bruse_n king_n of_o scotland_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n enter_v northumberland_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 60000_o man_n and_o pitch_v near_o durham_n in_o a_o park_n call_v beverpeir_n where_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n the_o lord_n zouch_v percy_n mowbray_z and_o other_o lord_n and_z sir_n robert_z bertram_z sheriff_z of_o northumberland_z with_o a_o army_n of_o 30000_o man_n meet_v the_o scot_n at_o durham_n and_o do_v beat_v they_o in_o which_o battle_n john_n coupeland_n take_v david_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n prisoner_n with_o three_o scotch_a earl_n so_o walsingham_n this_o john_n coupeland_n of_o northumberland_n have_v 500_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la give_v he_o during_o his_o life_n for_o this_o service_n and_o be_v make_v a_o banneret_n at_o otterborn_n in_o northumberland_n the_o scot_n under_o the_o command_n of_o james_n douglas_n 2._o 1388._o 12_o rich._n 2._o take_v henry_n percy_n the_o young_a and_o ralph_n his_o brother_n prisoners_z slay_v 1100_o english_a put_v to_o flight_n 30000_o more_o stow._n this_o be_v fight_v about_o the_o 12._o of_o the_o calends_o of_o august_n 1388._o buchanan_n say_v the_o two_o general_n henry_n percy_z of_o the_o english_a and_o james_n douglas_n of_o the_o scot_n single_v themselves_o out_o from_o the_o army_n and_o fight_v apart_o and_o percy_n be_v unhorse_v but_o the_o english_a relieve_v he_o and_o tell_v we_o that_o there_o fall_v on_o the_o english_a side_n 1840_o and_o about_o 1000_o wound_a and_o 1040_o take_v prisoner_n pag._n 319._o at_o hallydown_o near_o the_o town_n of_o wollar_n sept._n 14._o 1402._o where_o the_o english_a 4._o 1402._o 3_o hen._n 4._o conduct_v by_o henry_n percy_n earl_n of_o northumberland_z and_z henry_n his_o son_n take_v earl_n douglas_n the_o scotch_a general_n prisoner_n with_o divers_a other_o of_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o scotch_a chivalry_n stow._n at_o flodden-field_n in_o northumberland_n september_n 9_o 1513._o wherein_o james_n iv_o 8._o 1513._o 5._o hen._n 8._o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v slay_v at_o bramston_n on_o piperd-hill_n stow._n wherefore_o by_o some_o this_o be_v call_v bramston_n field_n by_o other_o flodden_n field_n and_o though_o the_o day_n fall_v to_o the_o english_a yet_o there_o be_v take_v and_o slay_v of_o the_o english_a 1500._o thomas_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n be_v then_o general_n of_o the_o english_a at_o solomosse_n beyond_o carlisle_n november_n 24._o 1542._o where_n 15000_o scot_n 8._o 1542._o 34_o hen._n 8._o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o lord_n maxwell_n be_v overthrow_v muscleborough_n field_n in_o scotland_n fought_n september_n 10._o 1547._o where_o edward_n seymour_n 6._o 1547._o 1_o edw._n 6._o duke_n of_o somerset_n and_o lord_n protector_n be_v general_n of_o the_o english_a force_n 14000_o scot_n slay_v and_o 1500_o take_v prisoner_n and_o not_o above_o 60_o english_a slay_v stow._n of_o ireland_n chap._n i._n of_o the_o name_n situation_n and_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n i._o ireland_n be_v call_v by_o orpheus_n aristotle_n and_o claudian_n jerne_n by_o juvenal_n and_o mela_n iwerna_n by_o diodorus_n siculus_n iris_n by_o martianus_n of_o heracleota_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o eustathius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o bep'nia_n by_o the_o native_n erin_n by_o the_o brettan_n yuerdon_n and_o by_o the_o english_a ireland_n and_o cambden_n most_o probable_o conclude_v that_o hibernia_n and_o iwerna_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d flow_v from_o aristotle_n and_o orpheus_n jerne_n and_o that_o jerna_n juerhdon_n iris_n and_o ireland_n do_v all_o spring_n from_o erin_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o do_v call_v it_o which_o cambden_n conjecture_v to_o come_v from_o the_o irish_a word_n high_a which_o in_o that_o language_n signify_v the_o west_n point_n so_o that_o erin_n denote_v as_o much_o as_o the_o west_n country_n or_o western_a land_n the_o irish_a bard_n in_o their_o song_n call_v it_o tirvolac_n toridanan_n and_o banno_fw-la as_o by_o much_o the_o most_o ancient_a name_n of_o that_o island_n but_o why_o say_v cambden_n i_o can_v tell_v unless_o banno_fw-la be_v that_o bannomanna_n which_o pliny_n mention_n out_o of_o timaeus_n while_o he_o relate_v the_o utmost_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o north_n ocean_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n from_o scythia_n even_o to_o the_o gades_n what_o that_o bannomanna_n be_v be_v not_o yet_o know_v to_o geographer_n but_o biaun_n in_o irish_a be_v holy_a in_o english_a and_o festus_n avienus_n call_v this_o of_o ireland_n the_o holy_a island_n if_o that_o ogygia_n which_o plutarch_n place_v at_o the_o west_n of_o our_o brettaine_n be_v no_o dream_n but_o a_o true_a vision_n he_o may_v seem_v to_o point_v out_o ireland_n by_o that_o name_n howbeit_o the_o thing_n which_o he_o speak_v of_o be_v mere_a poetical_a fiction_n and_o milesian_n fable_n nor_o can_v any_o tell_v why_o they_o name_v it_o ogygia_n unless_o perhaps_o from_o the_o antiquity_n for_o the_o grecian_n call_v nothing_o ogygia_n but_o what_o be_v very_o ancient_a ii_o it_o contain_v 300_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o scarce_o 120_o in_o breadth_n and_o have_v england_n on_o the_o east_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v sever_v by_o a_o boisterous_a sea_n call_v the_o channel_n of_o st._n george_n or_o the_o irish_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_v it_o be_v environ_v with_o the_o vast_a ocean_n call_v the_o western_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o deucalidonian_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o vergivian_n ocean_n situate_v under_o the_o eight_o and_o ten_o climate_n the_o long_a day_n be_v 16_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a in_o the_o southern_a part_n and_o 17_o hour_n and_o 3_o quarter_n in_o the_o northern_a iii_o it_o be_v observe_v among_o other_o thing_n that_o in_o this_o island_n there_o be_v neither_o snake_n nor_o toad_n nor_o any_o venomous_a creature_n neither_o will_v any_o such_o live_v in_o that_o soil_n if_o bring_v from_o other_o place_n and_o all_o live_a creature_n in_o ireland_n be_v of_o a_o lesser_a size_n in_o their_o kind_a than_o those_o in_o england_n except_z women_z and_o greyhound_n and_o those_o be_v big_a than_o with_o we_o in_o england_n it_o abound_v with_o sheep_n and_o cattle_n but_o much_o infest_a with_o wolf_n the_o kern_n or_o wild_a irish_a be_v extreme_o barbarous_a iv_o to_o omit_v the_o many_o fable_n devise_v by_o the_o ancient_a irish_a historian_n as_o that_o caesarea_n the_o niece_n of_o noah_n shall_v inhabit_v here_o before_o the_o flood_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o like_a stamp_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v people_v very_o ancient_o by_o the_o brettan_n for_o that_o many_o ancient_a word_n in_o the_o irish_a language_n do_v savour_n of_o the_o british_a original_a and_o that_o the_o irish_a and_o the_o brettan_n be_v not_o much_o different_a in_o their_o disposition_n and_o manner_n as_o tacitus_n say_v and_o that_o by_o all_o ancient_a writer_n as_o diodorus_n siculus_n ptolemy_n and_o strabo_n it_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o british_a island_n and_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n whence_o they_o may_v pass_v more_o commodious_o to_o ireland_n than_o out_o of_o our_o brettain_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v be_v as_o soon_o waft_v into_o ireland_n as_o out_o of_o france_n into_o brettain_n we_o read_v not_o that_o ever_o the_o roman_n subdue_v ireland_n but_o in_o the_o decline_a state_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n or_o
monastery_n of_o black_a monk_n at_o st._n alban_n anno_fw-la 793._o in_o the_o three_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o land_n witness_v by_o himself_o egfrid_n his_o son_n nine_o king_n fifteen_o bishop_n ten_o duke_n etc._n etc._n he_o translate_v the_o archbishop_n see_v from_o canterbury_n to_o lichfield_n and_o found_v the_o abbey_n of_o bath_n he_o make_v a_o great_a dike_n or_o ditch_n between_o wales_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n which_o be_v call_v offa_n dike_n and_o whereof_o part_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v stow._n pag._n 71._o he_o give_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o yearly_a rent_n out_o of_o every_o house_n in_o his_o kingdom_n style_v the_o charter_n of_o peter-pence_n polychron_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 25._o his_o wife_n name_n be_v quendrida_fw-es who_o daughter_n she_o be_v i_o find_v not_o by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n egfrid_n a_o son_n ethelburge_n a_o daughter_n marry_a brictric_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a anno_fw-la 787._o who_o florentius_n call_v eadburge_n pag._n 280._o elfled_a another_o daughter_n be_v second_o wife_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n speed_n hist_n pa._n 362._o and_o elfrid_n another_o daughter_n betake_v herself_o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o croyland_n he_o die_v at_o ofley_n say_v stow_n quaere_fw-la if_o not_o mistake_v for_o ocley_n the_o twenty_o nine_o day_n of_o july_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o a_o chapel_n without_o the_o town_n of_o bedford_n he_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 758._o and_o reign_v thirty_o nine_o year_n 13._o egfrid_n son_n of_o offa_n die_v young_a he_o reign_v but_o 141_o day_n say_v florentius_n pag._n 281._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o st._n alban_n he_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la 796._o 14._o kenulfe_n a_o heroic_a and_o noble_a prince_n succeed_v king_n of_o mercia_n he_o be_v son_n of_o cuthbert_n and_o trinepos_fw-la wibba_n that_o be_v the_o sixth_z in_o descent_n from_o wibbae_n say_v matthew_n of_o westminster_n pag._n 291._o he_o take_v eadbert_n or_o egbert_n as_o other_o call_v he_o surname_v pren_n king_n of_o kent_n who_o he_o carry_v away_o prisoner_n triumphant_o an._n 798._o and_o not_o long_o after_o when_o he_o have_v build_v winchelcombe_n church_n on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o dedication_n thereof_o he_o set_v his_o prisoner_n free_a at_o the_o altar_n of_o that_o church_n and_o make_v cuthr_v king_n of_o kent_n in_o his_o stead_n so_o westminster_n and_o other_o he_o also_o found_v the_o church_n of_o st._n ethelbert_n in_o hereford_n the_o bishop_n see_v and_o by_o elfride_n his_o wife_n have_v issue_n kenelm_n a_o son_n and_o two_o daughter_n quendrede_v and_o burgenhild_n he_o die_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 819._o say_v florentius_n anno_fw-la 821._o say_v westminster_n and_o bury_v at_o winchelcome_a abbey_n he_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 796._o and_o reign_v twenty_o four_o year_n 15._o kenelm_n son_n of_o kenulfe_n a_o boy_n of_o seven_o year_n old_a be_v murder_v within_o few_o month_n after_o his_o father_n death_n by_o one_o ascebert_n his_o governor_n who_o take_v he_o into_o a_o wood_n cut_v off_o his_o head_n and_o bury_v he_o under_o a_o thorn_n tree_n this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o quendrede_n his_o sister_n whereby_o kenelm_n obtain_v the_o name_n of_o a_o martyr_n his_o body_n be_v find_v be_v bury_v at_o winchelcombe_n he_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la 819._o 16._o ceolwulfe_n brother_n of_o kenulfe_n succeed_v king_n he_o be_v depose_v by_o bernulfe_n and_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o have_v a_o daughter_n call_v cenedrith_n spelman_n counsel_n pag._n 333._o he_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la 820._o and_o reign_v one_o year_n 17._o beornulfe_n elect_a king_n anno_fw-la 821._o who_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v overcome_v in_o battle_n at_o ellandon_n by_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a anno_fw-la 823._o but_o as_o westminster_n put_v it_o anno_fw-la 825._o and_o be_v slay_v in_o battle_n against_o the_o east-angle_n anno_fw-la 824._o he_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 821._o and_o reign_v three_o year_n 18._o ludecan_n cousin_n to_o bernulfe_n wage_n war_n with_o the_o east-angle_n in_o revenge_n of_o bernulfe_n be_v himself_o kill_v with_o five_o captain_n of_o his_o army_n 826._o he_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la 824._o and_o reign_v two_o year_n 19_o wilafe_a or_o wiglafe_a succeed_v king_n but_o be_v subdue_v by_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a anno_fw-la 827._o under_o who_o he_o enjoy_v his_o kingdom_n pay_v tribute_n wimund_n son_n of_o wilafe_n marry_a elflede_n daughter_n of_o ceolwulfe_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o have_v a_o son_n call_v wilstan_n ingulphus_n pag._n 858._o slay_v by_o berfert_n this_o wilafe_a begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 826._o and_o reign_v thirteen_o year_n 20._o berthulfe_n brother_n to_o wilafe_n be_v also_o tributary_n to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a till_o at_o last_o he_o be_v chase_v beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o sea-rover_n of_o denmark_n he_o have_v a_o son_n call_v berfert_v who_o kill_v his_o cousin_n wilstan_n june_n 1_o vigiliâ_fw-la pentecostes_fw-la anno_fw-la 850._o florentius_n pag._n 295._o he_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 839._o and_o reign_v thirteen_o year_n 21._o burdred_a or_o burhred_n pay_v tribute_n enjoy_v it_o twenty_o year_n and_o then_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o country_n flee_v to_o rome_n the_o dane_n deliver_v his_o kingdom_n to_o ceolwulfe_n sometime_o servant_n to_o burhred_n on_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v resign_v it_o whensoever_o the_o dane_n shall_v demand_v it_o anno_fw-la 874._o but_o not_o long_o after_o king_n alfred_n get_v it_o this_o burdr_v begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 852._o and_o reign_v twenty_o year_n so_o that_o king_n alfred_n prevail_v over_o the_o dane_n unite_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n unto_o that_o of_o the_o westsaxons_a inseparable_o from_o this_o time_n and_o be_v absolute_a monarch_n of_o all_o england_n and_o so_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n fail_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 875._o which_v if_o we_o reckon_v from_o king_n penda_fw-la have_v stand_v about_o 250_o year_n but_o if_o we_o reckon_v from_o crida_n about_o 290_o year_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o governor_n of_o mercia_n substitute_v by_o king_n alfred_n and_o his_o successor_n to_o pass_v by_o those_o former_a earl_n of_o chester_n namely_o edol_n or_o edolfe_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n vortiger_n the_o briton_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 471._o style_v earl_n of_o caerlegion_n or_o chester_n by_o fabian_n in_o his_o chronicle_n part_v 5._o cap._n 89._o and_o also_o curfale_a or_o as_o by_o some_o he_o be_v write_v sursalem_n earl_n of_o chester_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n arthur_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 616._o as_o geffrey_n monmouth_n affirm_v one_o of_o arthur_n knight_n of_o the_o round_a table_n i_o shall_v now_o speak_v of_o those_o earl_n who_o be_v more_o certain_o record_v in_o our_o history_n of_o credit_n but_o not_o yet_o earl_n of_o particular_a place_n i_o find_v in_o florentius_n sub_fw-la anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 800._o that_o ethelmundus_fw-la dux_n merciorum_fw-la come_v out_o of_o mercia_n and_o pass_v kimeresford_n with_o a_o army_n be_v meet_v with_o by_o weolhstan_n dax_n wiltoniensium_fw-la and_o have_v a_o cruel_a battle_n amboque_fw-la deuce_n 275._o deuce_n trâ—visa_n the_o translator_n of_o polychronicon_n call_v they_o duke_n fol._n 275._o occisi_fw-la but_o the_o victory_n fall_v to_o the_o wiltshiremen_n by_o which_o word_n i_o conceive_v the_o author_n mean_v no_o more_o than_o a_o general_n express_v by_o the_o word_n dux_n the_o two_o general_n of_o the_o army_n meet_v and_o fight_v and_o be_v both_o slay_v i._o i_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o mercia_n from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alfred_n the_o first_o i_o meet_v with_o who_o under_o alfred_n govern_v mercia_n be_v style_v ether_v or_o ethelred_n who_o marry_a elflede_n daughter_n to_o king_n alfred_n his_o title_n i_o find_v various_o deliver_v by_o higden_n the_o monk_n of_o chester_n he_o be_v style_v ethelredus_fw-la dux_n &_o subregulus_fw-la merciorum_fw-la so_o likewise_o by_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n also_o by_o hoveden_n and_o huntingdon_n sometime_o dux_n sometime_o subregulus_fw-la sometime_o dominus_fw-la merciorum_fw-la malmesbury_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 4._o call_v he_o come_v merciorum_n the_o most_o usual_a title_n in_o all_o those_o ancient_a author_n be_v dux_n which_o in_o those_o time_n seem_v to_o be_v all_o one_o with_o a_o earl_n or_o come_v by_o all_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o he_o be_v then_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o mercia_n under_o the_o king_n and_o he_o live_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n alfred_n and_o edward_n the_o elder_a i_o desire_v i_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o render_v these_o title_n by_o the_o name_n of_o earl_n the_o act_n of_o earl_n ethelred_n and_o
give_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o utica_n in_o normandy_n where_o his_o brother_n ernald_n and_o roger_n be_v monk_n and_o his_o father_n and_o mother_n aliique_fw-la parent_n ejus_fw-la be_v bury_v the_o church_n of_o tellioles_n and_o the_o tithe_n of_o his_o mill_n land_n and_o beer_n in_o his_o cellar_n and_o he_o give_v in_o england_n two_o carucate_n of_o land_n and_o twenty_o villain_n and_o the_o church_n of_o cumbivel_n all_o the_o town_n tithe_n and_o church_n of_o kirkby_n in_o wirrall_n within_o the_o county_n of_o cheshire_n and_o the_o church_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o chester_n city_n in_o the_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n of_o all_o the_o land_n give_v unto_o the_o abbey_n of_o utica_n by_o many_o nobleman_n in_o england_n make_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n an._n 1081._o we_o read_v among_o other_o thing_n thus_o robertus_fw-la verò_fw-la de_fw-la rodelento_n praefato_fw-la hugone_n cestrensi_fw-la comite_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la concedente_fw-la dedit_fw-la sancto_fw-it ebrulfo_n cherchebiam_fw-la cùm_fw-la duabus_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la unam_fw-la scilicèt_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o ipsâ_fw-la villâ_fw-la est_fw-la &_o aliam_fw-la propè_fw-la illum_fw-la manerium_fw-la in_o insulâ_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o ecclesiam_fw-la sancti_fw-la petri_n apostoli_fw-la &_o quicquid_fw-la ad_fw-la eam_fw-la pertinebat_fw-la in_fw-la cestrensi_fw-la urbe_fw-la &_o in_o merestonâ_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la in_o northamptonshire_n ecclesiam_fw-la sancti_fw-la laurentii_fw-la &_o quicquid_fw-la ad_fw-la eam_fw-la pertinet_fw-la &_o in_o eâdem_fw-la provinciâ_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la de_fw-la bivellâ_fw-la cùm_fw-la duabus_fw-la terrae_fw-la carucatis_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o charter_n be_v set_v down_o at_o large_a in_o ordericus_n pag._n 602._o so_o that_o kirkby_n with_o the_o two_o church_n i_o conceive_v be_v kirkby_n in_o wirrall_n within_o cheshire_n one_o church_n then_o stand_v in_o the_o say_a town_n and_o the_o other_o near_o thereunto_o in_o the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o i_o conceive_v be_v mean_v of_o the_o island_n now_o call_v ilbree_n robert_n of_o rothelent_fw-mi come_v very_o young_a into_o england_n with_o his_o father_n and_o serve_v king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n both_o in_o his_o house_n and_o in_o his_o war_n till_o at_o last_o the_o king_n knight_v he_o afterward_o have_v be_v train_v up_o in_o arm_n here_o he_o get_v leave_v of_o king_n edward_n to_o go_v see_v his_o friend_n in_o his_o own_o country_n of_o normandy_n and_o after_o the_o battle_n of_o senlace_v he_o come_v again_o into_o england_n with_o his_o cousin_n hugh_n son_n of_o richard_z de_fw-fr auranche_n surname_v goz_n and_o be_v a_o very_a principal_a man_n in_o all_o military_a employment_n and_o after_o many_o conflict_n the_o say_a hugh_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o chester_n and_o robert_n of_o rothelent_fw-mi be_v the_o chief_a commander_n of_o all_o the_o force_n under_o earl_n hugh_n and_o make_v governor_n of_o all_o cheshire_n and_o william_n the_o conqueror_n cause_v rothelent_fw-mi castle_n and_o town_n to_o be_v build_v and_o give_v it_o to_o this_o robert_n that_o he_o may_v make_v it_o a_o defence_n to_o england_n by_o curb_v the_o excursion_n of_o the_o welsh_a and_o this_o stout_a champion_n seat_v on_o their_o border_n have_v many_o skirmish_n with_o the_o welsh_a and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n and_o on_o the_o mount_n dagaunoth_n close_o by_o the_o sea_n he_o build_v a_o strong_a castle_n and_o for_o fifteen_o year_n sore_o afflict_v the_o briton_n or_o welshman_n but_o at_o last_o griffith_n king_n of_o wales_n on_o the_o three_o day_n of_o july_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 1088._o obiit_fw-la 1088_o land_a with_o three_o ship_n under_o the_o hill_n call_v hormaheva_n and_o when_o he_o have_v pillage_v the_o country_n return_v back_o to_o his_o ship_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o robert_n have_v notice_n he_o call_v his_o soldier_n together_o and_o with_o a_o few_o soldier_n come_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n he_o see_v they_o ship_n the_o man_n and_o cattle_n which_o the_o welsh_a have_v take_v and_o be_v incense_v thereat_o himself_o run_v violent_o down_o the_o steep_a hill_n attend_v only_o with_o one_o soldier_n call_v osberne_n de_fw-fr orgiers_n towards_o the_o enemy_n but_o they_o perceive_v he_o so_o slender_o guard_v return_v back_o upon_o he_o and_o with_o their_o dart_n or_o arrow_n mortal_o wound_v he_o yet_o whilst_o he_o stand_v and_o have_v his_o buckler_n none_o dare_v approach_v so_o near_o as_o to_o encounter_v he_o with_o a_o sword_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o fall_v the_o enemy_n rush_v upon_o he_o and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n which_o they_o hang_v upon_o the_o mast_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o triumph_n afteward_n with_o great_a lamentation_n both_o of_o the_o english_a and_o norman_n his_o soldier_n bring_v his_o body_n to_o chester_n and_o it_o be_v inter_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n werburge_n in_o that_o city_n which_o monastery_n hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n have_v build_v and_o have_v make_v richard_n a_o monk_n of_o beck_n in_o normandy_n the_o first_o abbot_n thereof_o thus_o ordericus_n pag._n 670_o 671._o so_o much_o of_o robert_n of_o rothelent_fw-mi i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n iv_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o chester_n since_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n be_v more_o proper_o and_o peculiar_o apply_v than_o before_o for_o although_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n leofric_n algar_n and_o edwine_n who_o be_v earl_n when_o the_o conqueror_n invade_v england_n have_v all_o of_o they_o successive_o that_o appellation_n or_o title_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o only_a earl_n of_o chester_n but_o be_v sometime_o denominate_v from_o other_o place_n also_o as_o leofric_n and_o algar_n both_o many_o time_n style_v earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o indeed_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o earl_n of_o either_o of_o those_o two_o county_n as_o of_o all_o mercia_n whereof_o those_o be_v but_o small_a branch_n or_o member_n but_o now_o more_o particular_o the_o conqueror_n give_v to_o hugh_n surname_v lupus_n the_o whole_a county_n and_o earldom_n of_o chester_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o tâm_fw-la liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicùt_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliam_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la as_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n do_v run_v say_v cambden_n which_o word_n some_o expound_v to_o be_v the_o tenure_n of_o be_v sword-bearer_n of_o england_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whence_o we_o read_v in_o matthew_n paris_n that_o when_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o marry_v queen_n elinour_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1236._o the_o marriage_n be_v pompous_o solemnize_v and_o all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n use_v those_o office_n and_o place_n which_o have_v of_o ancient_a right_o belong_v to_o their_o ancestor_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n then_o carry_v the_o sword_n of_o st._n edward_n which_o be_v call_v curtain_n before_o the_o king_n in_o token_n that_o he_o be_v a_o earl_n palatine_n and_o have_v power_n by_o right_a to_o restrain_v the_o king_n if_o he_o shall_v do_v amiss_o his_o constable_n of_o cheshire_n attend_v on_o he_o and_o beat_v back_o the_o people_n with_o a_o rod_n or_o staff_n when_o they_o press_v disorderly_a upon_o he_o this_o paris_n vouch_v a_o author_n who_o live_v in_o that_o very_a age_n pag._n 421._o but_o although_o this_o office_n may_v have_v of_o ancient_a right_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o hugh_n lupus_n yet_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v something_o more_o magnificent_a couch_v in_o those_o word_n of_o the_o first_o charter_n or_o donation_n namely_o a_o dignity_n inherent_a in_o the_o sword_n as_o purchase_v by_o it_o and_o to_o be_v keep_v by_o it_o also_o for_o as_o in_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n there_o be_v a_o inherent_a right_n of_o regality_n annex_v so_o here_o be_v give_v a_o inherent_a right_n of_o dignity_n in_o the_o sword_n this_o be_v to_o hold_v as_o free_o by_o the_o sword_n as_o the_o king_n hold_v by_o the_o crown_n only_o inferior_a to_o his_o king_n hence_o be_v it_o that_o whatsoever_o we_o say_v concern_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o to_o be_v do_v against_o the_o king_n crown_n and_o dignity_n the_o same_o be_v also_o say_v but_o in_o a_o more_o limit_a course_n concern_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o sword_n of_o chester_n or_o to_o be_v do_v against_o the_o sword_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n as_o be_v most_o evident_a out_o of_o the_o record_n and_o endictment_n of_o those_o time_n v._o i_o come_v now_o to_o hugh_n surname_v lupus_n howbeit_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v not_o the_o first_o earl_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n for_o i_o have_v before_o show_v that_o gherbod_v a_o nobleman_n of_o flanders_n have_v
towards_o the_o end_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o his_o posterity_n under_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v style_v the_o warburton_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o whole_o retain_v the_o surname_n of_o warburton_n dutton_n the_o warburtons_n chedill_n and_o ashleys_n in_o cheshire_n be_v all_o original_o dutton_n about_o the_o same_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o branch_v out_o also_o geffrey_n de_fw-fr dutton_n another_o son_n from_o who_o the_o dutton_n of_o chedill_n in_o this_o county_n who_o posterity_n afterward_o assume_v the_o surname_n of_o chedill_n under_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o out_o of_o this_o family_n of_o dutton_n of_o chedill_n branch_v out_o hamon_n dutton_n a_o young_a son_n under_z edward_z the_o first_o who_o assume_v the_o surname_n of_o ashley_n from_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n who_o posterity_n whole_o retain_v the_o surname_n of_o ashley_n as_o you_o may_v see_v more_o full_o in_o ashley_n beside_o the_o dutton_n of_o hatton_n nigh_o warton_n in_o cheshire_n more_o late_o spring_v hence_o and_o other_o good_a family_n the_o manor-house_n of_o dutton_n be_v well_o seat_v and_o have_v great_a store_n of_o meadow_v by_o the_o river_n side_n belong_v to_o the_o demain_fw-fr which_o be_v account_v the_o large_a and_o best_a demain_fw-fr within_o our_o county_n comprehend_v 1400_o statute_n acre_n by_o survey_n this_o house_n stand_v upon_o a_o pleasant_a prospect_n to_o the_o opposite_a hill_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o have_v in_o it_o a_o ancient_a chapel_n build_v first_o by_o sir_n thomas_n dutton_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o reign_n unto_o who_o roger_n the_o lincoln_n then_o prior_n of_o norton_n and_o the_o convent_n there_o do_v grant_v liberam_fw-la cantariam_fw-la in_o capellis_fw-la suis_fw-fr de_fw-fr dutton_n &_o weston_n infrà _fw-la limites_n parochiarum_fw-la nostrarum_fw-la de_fw-la budworth_n &_o de_fw-fr runcorne_n id_fw-la est_fw-la free_a liberty_n of_o read_v divine_a service_n or_o sing_v the_o same_o so_o as_o the_o mother-churche_n receive_v no_o detriment_n either_o in_o their_o great_a or_o lesser_a tithe_n lib._n c._n fol._n 155._o s._n that_o of_o weston_n be_v long_o since_o vanish_v but_o this_o chapel_n at_o dutton_n yet_o remain_v and_o be_v now_o a_o domestic_a chapel_n within_o the_o manor-house_n of_o dutton_n unto_o which_o sir_n piers_n dutton_n of_o hatton_n after_o he_o be_v adjudge_v next_o heir_n male_a to_o the_o land_n of_o dutton_n by_o the_o award_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o do_v annex_v his_o new_a building_n at_o dutton_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1539._o as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n round_o about_o the_o hall_n of_o dutton_n yet_o extant_a adâ—oyning_v those_o unto_o the_o chapel_n and_o so_o make_v it_o as_o one_o continue_a building_n before_o which_o time_n the_o old_a house_n stand_v a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o chapel_n aforesaid_a in_o the_o demain_fw-fr of_o dutton_n be_v also_o another_o chapel_n of_o ease_n call_v poosey-chappel_n within_o the_o parish_n of_o runcorne_n but_o be_v now_o ruinate_v and_o in_o decay_n it_o be_v seat_v between_o the_o river_n and_o the_o park-pool_n within_o the_o demain_fw-fr of_o dutton_n but_o not_o in_o the_o township_n of_o dutton_n for_o all_o the_o town_n of_o dutton_n be_v within_o budworth_n parish_n it_o be_v call_v poos-eye_n from_o its_o situation_n ey_fw-ge in_o our_o old_a english-saxon_a tongue_n signify_v a_o river_n or_o brook_n and_o because_o it_o stand_v close_o by_o the_o river_n and_o the_o pool_n also_o it_o be_v call_v poos-ey-chappel_n as_o it_o be_v the_o chapel_n by_o the_o river_n and_o the_o pool_n in_o our_o old_a norman_a write_v and_o french_a way_n i_o find_v it_o it_o in_o old_a deed_n write_v puls-ey_n but_o in_o our_o common_a language_n ancient_o as_o the_o country_n people_n at_o this_o day_n do_v call_v a_o pool_n a_o poo_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v denominate_v poo's-ey-chappel_n it_o be_v build_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o the_o prior_n and_o convent_n of_o norton_n grant_v to_o hugh_n son_n of_o hugh_n de_fw-fr dutton_n that_o they_o will_v find_v a_o chaplain_n to_o officiate_v at_o poosey_n for_o ever_o and_o a_o lamp_n burn_v at_o the_o time_n of_o divine_a service_n about_o 1236._o 20_o hen._n 3._o lib._n c._n fol._n 155._o r._n which_o chapel_n be_v constant_o frequent_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n until_o robert_n lord_n kilmorey_n and_o dame_n elinour_n his_o wife_n come_v to_o live_v at_o dutton_n even_o in_o our_o day_n who_o beautify_v the_o domestic_a chapel_n at_o dutton_n with_o handsome_a pew_v and_o keep_v a_o chaplain_n in_o his_o house_n constant_o whereunto_o all_o the_o neighbourhood_n resort_v every_o sunday_n then_o begin_v poosey_n chapel_n to_o be_v neglect_v and_o be_v now_o total_o in_o decay_n some_o part_n of_o the_o structure_n yet_o remain_v 1666._o now_o follow_v the_o pedigree_n of_o the_o dutton_n of_o dutton_n faithful_o collect_v from_o the_o evidence_n of_o that_o family_n and_o other_o good_a record_n and_o deed_n quarterly_o argent_fw-fr &_o gules_a in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o quarter_n a_o fret_v or._n the_o ancient_a roll_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o halton_n say_v that_o with_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n come_v one_o nigell_n a_o nobleman_n and_o with_o nigell_n come_v five_o brethren_n to_o wit_n hudard_n edard_n wolmere_n horswyne_n and_o wolfaith_o a_o priest_n to_o who_o nigell_n give_v the_o church_n of_o runcorne_n and_o unto_o hudard_n the_o same_o nigell_n give_v weston_n and_o great_a aston_n now_o divide_v into_o two_o township_n aston_n grange_n and_o aston_n juxtà _fw-la sutton_n pro_fw-la uno_fw-la feodo_fw-la militis_fw-la and_o from_o this_o hudard_n come_v all_o the_o dutton_n lib._n c._n fol._n 84_o 85._o &_o monasticon_fw-la anglicanum_n 2_o parson_n pag._n 187._o and_o in_o the_o record_n of_o doomsday_n odard_n hold_v aston_n under_o william_n fitz-nigell_a baron_n of_o halton_n and_o also_o odard_n and_o brictric_n hold_v weston_n under_o the_o say_v william_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1086._o whether_o those_o five_o brethren_n afore-named_n be_v brethren_n to_o nigell_n be_v a_o doubt_n for_o than_o methinks_v he_o shall_v have_v say_v quinque_fw-la fratres_n svi_fw-la whereas_o he_o say_v only_o cùm_fw-la isto_fw-la nigello_n venerunt_fw-la quinque_fw-la fratres_n and_o so_o name_v they_o this_o hudard_n or_o odard_n sword_n be_v at_o this_o day_n 1665._o in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lady_n elinour_n vicountess_n kilmorey_n sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o thomas_n dutton_n late_a of_o dutton_n esquire_n decease_v which_o sword_n have_v for_o many_o age_n pass_v be_v preserve_v and_o pass_v over_o from_o heir_n to_o heir_n as_o a_o heir-loom_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hudard_n sword_n and_o so_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v by_o tradition_n receive_v and_o call_v lib._n c._n fol._n 163._o dd_v ii_o hugh_n son_n of_o hodard_n have_v those_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o immediate_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n confirm_v unto_o he_o by_o randle_n the_o second_o surname_v de_fw-la gernoniis_fw-la earl_n of_o chester_n about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o lib._n c._n fol._n 154._o b._n these_o land_n i_o conceive_v be_v those_o which_o he_o hold_v in_o dutton_n iii_o hugh_n de_fw-fr dutton_n son_n of_o hugh_n son_n of_o hodard_n have_v the_o land_n which_o his_o father_n hugh_n hold_v of_o the_o baron_n of_o halton_n confirm_v unto_o he_o by_o william_n son_n of_o nigell_n constable_n to_o randle_n the_o second_o and_o by_o william_n his_o son_n on_o that_o day_n when_o the_o say_v william_n the_o father_n and_o william_n the_o son_n do_v visit_v hugh_n the_o son_n of_o hodard_n on_o his_o deathbed_n at_o kekwick_n at_o which_o time_n hugh_n the_o 8on_n of_o hodard_n give_v unto_o william_n the_o father_n his_o coat_n of_o mail_n and_o his_o charging-horse_n and_o hugh_n the_o son_n of_o that_o hugh_n give_v unto_o william_n the_o son_n a_o palfrey_n and_o a_o sparrow-hawk_n this_o be_v about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o lib._n c._n fol._n 154._o a._n the_o land_n here_o confirm_v i_o conceive_v to_o be_v weston_n and_o kekwick_n and_o perhaps_o some_o other_o this_o hugh_n de_fw-fr dutton_n have_v issue_n hugh_n dutton_n son_n and_o heir_n adam_z de_fw-fr dutton_n another_o son_n from_o who_o the_o warburtons_n of_o arley_n be_v descend_v geffrey_n the_o dutton_n another_o son_n from_o who_o the_o dutton_n of_o chedill_n in_o this_o county_n be_v propagate_v who_o assume_v the_o surname_n of_o chedill_n and_o continue_v to_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o till_o sir_n roger_n de_fw-fr chedill_n the_o last_o of_o that_o family_n die_v 1_o edw._n 3._o 1327._o leave_v his_o inheritance_n to_o be_v share_v by_o his_o two_o daughter_n and_o heir_n clemence_n and_o agnes_n lib._n c._n fol._n 61._o h._n lib._n b._n pag._n 10._o q._n
historical_a antiquity_n in_o two_o book_n the_o first_o treat_v in_o general_n of_o great-brettain_a and_o ireland_n the_o second_o contain_v particular_a remark_n concern_v cheshire_n faithful_o collect_v out_o of_o authentic_a history_n old_a deed_n record_n and_o evidence_n by_o sir_n peter_n leycester_n baronet_n whereunto_o be_v annex_v a_o transcript_n of_o doomsday-book_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v cheshire_n take_v out_o of_o the_o original_a record_n frustra_fw-la fit_a per_fw-la plura_fw-la quod_fw-la potest_fw-la fieri_fw-la per_fw-la pauciora_fw-la london_n print_v by_o w._n l._n for_o robert_n clavell_n in_o cross-key_n court_n in_o little-britain_n m.dc.lxxiii_o to_o his_o most_o serene_a and_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n charles_n ii_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n king_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n this_o volume_n of_o historical_a antiquity_n be_v with_o all_o humility_n dedicate_v by_o his_o majesty_n most_o loyal_a and_o most_o obedient_a subject_a peter_n leycester_n the_o author_n to_o the_o reader_n i_o have_v in_o this_o volume_n present_v to_o your_o view_n two_o book_n the_o first_o more_o general_a entitle_v historical_a antiquity_n of_o great_a brettaine_n and_o ireland_n contain_v a_o collection_n of_o the_o chief_a thing_n observable_a out_o of_o our_o most_o ancient_a and_o authentic_a historian_n vouch_v my_o authority_n all_o along_o to_o every_o particular_a and_o although_o it_o be_v but_o a_o brief_a abstract_n which_o be_v ever_o best_a for_o memory_n of_o what_o other_o have_v deliver_v more_o at_o large_a yet_o the_o diligent_a reader_n may_v perhaps_o find_v some_o remarkable_a thing_n which_o otherwise_o he_o may_v not_o easy_o meet_v withal_o the_o other_o more_o particular_a entitle_v some_o antiquity_n touch_v cheshire_n and_o this_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n whereof_o the_o three_o first_o concern_v that_o county_n in_o general_a but_o the_o four_o part_n treat_v only_o of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o bucklow-hundred_n here_o be_v also_o add_v in_o the_o close_a of_o the_o whole_a work_n a_o transcript_n of_o doomsday-book_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v cheshire_n take_v from_o the_o record_n itself_o keep_v in_o the_o tally-office_n at_o westminster_n which_o book_n be_v begin_v and_o finish_v between_o the_o fourteen_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n which_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o will_v be_v very_o acceptable_a to_o all_o the_o gentry_n of_o that_o county_n and_o especial_o to_o such_o as_o love_v the_o study_n of_o antiquity_n wherein_o every_o man_n may_v see_v who_o hold_v any_o land_n in_o any_o of_o the_o town_n of_o cheshire_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o who_o enjoy_v the_o same_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o conquest_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n howbeit_o many_o town_n be_v now_o inhabit_a in_o this_o county_n which_o be_v at_o that_o time_n waste_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o that_o record_n and_o whereas_o some_o gentleman_n of_o cheshire_n have_v be_v former_o at_o great_a charge_n in_o take_v copy_n of_o part_n hereof_o out_o of_o the_o say_a record_n every_o man_n may_v now_o spare_v that_o cost_n and_o trouble_v have_v here_o the_o whole_a at_o large_a before_o he_o p._n l._n january_n 1._o 1673._o the_o preface_n because_o i_o intend_v to_o search_v into_o the_o beginning_n of_o thing_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o show_v in_o the_o frontispiece_n the_o original_a plantation_n of_o nation_n as_o we_o find_v they_o record_v in_o holy_a scripture_n the_o most_o ancient_a true_a and_o perfect_a history_n in_o the_o world_n i._o adam_n the_o first_o monarch_n and_o the_o first_o man_n who_o with_o eve_n his_o wife_n be_v both_o create_v by_o god_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o world_n to_o who_o god_n give_v power_n of_o beget_v their_o like_a and_o to_o multiply_v by_o generation_n as_o he_o do_v to_o other_o creature_n this_o adam_n live_v 930_o year_n and_o have_v several_a son_n and_o daughter_n but_o three_o have_v their_o name_n especial_o record_v in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o moses_n call_v genesis_n chapter_n v._n 1._o ii_o cain_n elder_a son_n of_o adam_n be_v a_o tiller_n of_o ground_n he_o slay_v his_o brother_n abel_n and_o be_v therefore_o banish_v and_o dwell_v in_o the_o land_n of_o nod_n on_o the_o east_n of_o eden_n gen._n c._n 4._o he_o build_v a_o city_n and_o call_v it_o after_o the_o name_n of_o his_o son_n enoch_n iii_o enoch_n son_n of_o cain_n iv_o irad_n son_n of_o enoch_n v._o mehujael_n son_n of_o irad_n vi_o methusael_n son_n of_o mehujael_n vii_o lamech_v son_n of_o methusael_n have_v two_o wife_n gen._n 4._o adah_n jabal_n a_o orderer_n of_o cattle_n the_o first_o herdsman_n jubal_n the_o first_o inventour_n of_o instrumental_a music_n zillah_n tubal-cain_n the_o first_o artificer_n in_o brass_n and_o iron_n naamah_n a_o daughter_n 2._o abel_n or_o hebel_n the_o second_o son_n of_o adam_n be_v a_o feeder_n of_o sheep_n he_o be_v kill_v by_o his_o brother_n cain_n gen._n 4._o v._n 8._o 3._o ii_o seth_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la &_o adami_n 130_o he_o live_v 912_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1042._o iii_o enos_n son_n of_o seth_n be_v bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 235_o live_v 905_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1140._o iv_o kenan_n son_n of_o enos_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 325_o live_v 910_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1235._o v._o mahalaleel_n son_n of_o kenan_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 395_o live_v 895_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1290._o vi_o jared_n son_n of_o mahalaleel_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 460_o live_v 962_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1422._o vii_o enoch_n son_n of_o jared_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 622_o live_v 365_o year_n and_o be_v then_o translate_v into_o heaven_n by_o god_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 987._o viii_o methusalah_o son_n of_o enoch_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 687_o live_v 969_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1656_o in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n ix_o lamech_v son_n of_o methusalah_n bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 874_o live_v 777_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1651._o vivente_fw-la patre_fw-la ejus_fw-la x._o noah_n son_n of_o lamech_v bear_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 1056_o live_v 950_o year_n to_o wit_n 350_o year_n after_o the_o general_n flood_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la conditi_fw-la 2006._o ⚜_o hence_o it_o be_v say_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o world_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 6._o sect._n 4._o that_o the_o heathen_a god_n fetch_v their_o original_a many_o learned_a man_n conceive_v that_o adam_n be_v the_o first_o saturn_n cain_n the_o first_o and_o ancient_a jupiter_n jabal_n the_o first_o mercury_n jubal_n the_o first_o apollo_n tubal-cain_n the_o first_o vulcan_n which_o have_v some_o resemblance_n in_o the_o name_n lactantius_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 27._o lamech_v the_o seven_o from_o adam_n have_v 77_o child_n say_v josephus_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o jew_n but_o those_o four_o abovenamed_a be_v very_o famous_a of_o the_o posterity_n of_o sem_fw-mi after_o the_o flood_n noah_n be_v a_o husbandman_n and_o plant_v a_o vineyard_n gen._n c._n 19_o in_o the_o six_o hundred_o year_n of_o his_o age_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la conditi_fw-la 1656._o happen_v the_o general_n deluge_n wherein_o all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o old_a world_n be_v drown_v except_o noah_n and_o his_o three_o son_n and_o their_o wife_n gen._n c._n 7._o and_o from_o those_o three_o son_n be_v the_o whole_a earth_n again_o replenish_v noah_n live_v 950_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2006._o anno_fw-la post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 350._o i._o sem_fw-mi son_n of_o noah_n have_v issue_n five_o son_n elam_n and_o ashur_n and_o arphaxad_v and_o lud_n and_o aram._n and_o the_o child_n of_o aram_n be_v uz_n and_o hul_n and_o gether_o and_o mash_n gen._n 10_o ver_fw-la 22._o sem_fw-mi be_v bear_v 98_o year_n before_o the_o flood_n live_v 600_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2158_o &_o anno_fw-la post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 502._o cham_fw-mi or_o ham_n young_a son_n of_o noah_n japhet_n son_n of_o noah_n some_o think_v he_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n ii_o arphaxad_n son_n of_o sem_fw-mi be_v bear_v the_o second_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n live_v 438_o year_n and_o die_v anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2096._o post_fw-la diluvium_fw-la 440._o ⚜_o sem_fw-mi and_o his_o five_o son_n inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o asia_n begin_v at_o euphrates_n and_o extend_v to_o the_o indian_a ocean_n of_o elam_n come_v the_o elamites_n whence_o proceed_v the_o persian_n ashur_n make_v his_o abode_n in_o nineveh_n and_o call_v his_o people_n assyrian_n of_o arphaxad_n come_v the_o chaldean_n of_o aram_n come_v the_o aramaei_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n syrian_n and_o of_o lud_n come_v the_o