reach_v only_o to_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o even_o here_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v deprive_v it_o of_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o promontory_n of_o jutland_n which_o he_o claim_v as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n though_o it_o lie_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o sound_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n but_o then_o by_o way_n of_o reprisal_n she_o have_v enlarge_v her_o border_n to_o the_o bound_n the_o present_a bound_n southeast_n beyond_o the_o danube_n to_o the_o border_n of_o italy_n and_o illyrica_n and_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n to_o the_o west_n and_o north_n she_o have_v gain_v both_o the_o alsatia_n lorraine_n and_o the_o 17_o unite_a province_n which_o last_o be_v former_o call_v gallia_n belgica_n 2._o this_o vast_a tract_n of_o land_n be_v in_o it_o the_o ancient_a state_n of_o it_o those_o early_a time_n possess_v by_o various_a peoples_n and_o nation_n who_o be_v much_o celebrate_v on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o number_n and_o valour_n yet_o each_o of_o they_o be_v under_o a_o distinct_a regiment_n very_o different_a from_o that_o use_v by_o their_o neighbour_n but_o then_o they_o have_v one_o common_a original_a and_o the_o same_o language_n and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a similitude_n in_o their_o manner_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v under_o popular_a government_n some_o have_v king_n but_o that_o be_v rather_o to_o persuade_v their_o subject_n by_o their_o authority_n than_o to_o command_v they_o by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n for_o that_o nation_n be_v never_o able_a to_o brook_v a_o absolute_a servitude_n this_o ancient_a germany_n be_v never_o reduce_v into_o one_o empire_n or_o kingdom_n wherein_o it_o be_v like_o the_o rest_n of_o her_o neighbour_n italy_n france_n spain_n greece_n and_o britain_n before_o they_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n but_o then_o as_o germany_n never_o be_v reduce_v by_o a_o conquest_n so_o it_o retain_v more_o lively_a trace_n and_o mark_n of_o the_o primitive_a state_n of_o mankind_n which_o from_o separate_a and_o distinct_a family_n by_o degree_n unite_v into_o large_a body_n or_o kingdom_n but_o then_o though_o weak_a the_o old_a german_a state_n dangerous_a &_o weak_a this_o independent_a knot_n of_o state_n and_o small_a kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o freedom_n be_v very_o grateful_a to_o the_o german_n of_o those_o time_n yet_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a they_o shall_v frequent_o be_v engage_v in_o mutual_a and_o destructive_a war_n when_o they_o be_v so_o many_o and_o so_o small_a this_o again_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o invasion_n of_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n though_o they_o be_v a_o warlike_a people_n because_o their_o scatter_a force_n be_v not_o unite_v in_o one_o empire_n for_o their_o defence_n neither_o have_v the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o small_a state_n so_o much_o politic_n as_o in_o due_a time_n to_o unite_v in_o league_n against_o the_o danger_n of_o their_o potent_a enemy_n but_o they_o perceive_v the_o benefit_n of_o such_o a_o concord_n when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o and_o they_o by_o fighting_z separately_z for_o their_o liberty_n be_v one_o after_o another_o all_o conquer_a 3._o the_o first_o that_o reduce_v germany_n extraction_n the_o frank_n the_o first_o conqueror_n of_o germany_n of_o a_o unknown_a extraction_n from_o that_o ancient_a state_n be_v the_o frank_n which_o nation_n be_v of_o so_o controvert_v a_o origine_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v whether_o it_o be_v of_o gallic_a or_o of_o german_a extraction_n for_o though_o we_o shall_v grant_v that_o all_o those_o nation_n which_o the_o greek_n comprehend_v under_o the_o title_n of_o celtae_n that_o be_v the_o illyrian_n german_n gaul_n old_a spaniard_n and_o britain_n do_v as_o it_o be_v flow_v from_o the_o same_o fountain_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o notorious_a they_o afterward_o much_o differ_v each_o from_o the_o other_o in_o language_n and_o manner_n so_o that_o no_o man_n that_o be_v any_o thing_n verse_v in_o antiquity_n can_v in_o the_o least_o doubt_n of_o it_o the_o foolish_a pride_n of_o some_o of_o the_o gaul_n occasion_v this_o difference_n who_o be_v ignorant_a that_o many_o of_o the_o gallic_a people_n in_o the_o first_o age_n have_v ambitious_o boast_v they_o be_v of_o gâ—rman_a extraction_n do_v in_o the_o late_a time_n envy_v germany_n the_o honour_n of_o have_v be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o frank_n these_o man_n pretend_v that_o great_a multitude_n of_o man_n out_o of_o gaul_n invade_v germany_n in_o ancient_a but_o unknown_a time_n and_o pass_v beyond_o the_o rhine_n possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o country_n upon_o the_o river_n main_a to_o the_o hercynian_a forest_n and_o that_o after_o this_o they_o return_v and_o conquer_a the_o part_n on_o the_o west_n of_o the_o rhine_n recover_v the_o possession_n of_o their_o ancient_a country_n but_o so_o that_o a_o part_n of_o their_o nation_n still_o inhabit_v on_o the_o main_a and_o leave_v their_o name_n to_o that_o country_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o opinion_n they_o cite_v livy_n lib._n 5._o c._n 134._o câ—sar_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 6._o tacitus_n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la â—ermanorum_fw-la c._n 28._o 4_o but_o to_o all_o this_o the_o german_n may_v people_n the_o frank_n be_v a_o germ._n people_n true_o reply_v that_o the_o testimony_n of_o these_o latin_a writer_n be_v not_o without_o just_a exception_n because_o they_o testify_v very_o faint_o of_o a_o thing_n which_o happen_v long_o before_o their_o time_n and_o concern_v a_o people_n too_o who_o antiquity_n be_v not_o preserve_v in_o any_o write_a record_n nor_o be_v it_o at_o all_o probable_a when_o the_o schelstat_fw-la the_o trebocci_fw-la alsatia_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o which_o be_v breuco-magus_a bruomat_n and_o elcebus_n schelstat_fw-la trebocci_fw-la speyr_n trebocci_fw-la nemetes_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o speyr_n nemetes_n strasburg_n nemetes_n vangiones_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o worm_n and_o strasburg_n vangiones_n &_o trier_n &_o treveri_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o trier_n treveri_n and_o some_o other_o people_n who_o in_o those_o time_n live_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o yet_o own_v themselves_o to_o be_v of_o german_a extraction_n that_o the_o frank_n shall_v on_o the_o contrary_n pass_v the_o rhine_n and_o out_o of_o gaul_n make_v a_o conquest_n in_o germany_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o though_o we_o shall_v grant_v that_o the_o frank_n be_v at_o first_o a_o gallic_a colony_n yet_o see_v they_o live_v about_o 800_o year_n in_o germany_n and_o both_o in_o their_o language_n and_o custom_n differ_v from_o the_o gaul_n and_o in_o both_o these_o agree_v exact_o with_o the_o german_n they_o be_v for_o that_o cause_n to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o german_a nation_n this_o be_v certain_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o till_o about_o ccc_o year_n after_o christ_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o frank_n make_v in_o any_o ancient_a history_n from_o hence_o there_o arise_v two_o very_o different_a opinion_n whilst_o some_o believe_v those_o people_n who_o be_v by_o tacitus_n call_v the_o ptolemy_n the_o the_o chauci_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o east-friesland_n groeningen_n breme_n lunenburg_n and_o hamburg_n as_o they_o be_v place_v by_o ptolemy_n chauci_n change_v that_o name_n in_o after_o time_n and_o call_v themselves_o the_o frank_n and_o other_o think_v that_o a_o number_n of_o german_a people_n or_o some_o part_n of_o they_o unite_v in_o this_o name_n and_o out_o of_o a_o vain_a affectation_n of_o liberty_n take_v up_o the_o name_n of_o frank_n for_o in_o the_o german_a tongue_n frank_n signify_v free_a and_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o francis_n i_o and_o henry_n two_o king_n of_o france_n who_o in_o their_o letter_n to_o the_o diet_n of_o germany_n say_v they_o be_v of_o german_a extraction_n though_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o all_o wise_a man_n to_o what_o purpose_v such_o ancient_a and_o overworn_a relation_n of_o kindred_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n pretend_v 5._o but_o however_o this_o be_v the_o frank_n germany_n the_o frank_n conquer_v gaul_n now_o france_n and_o after_o it_o germany_n for_o certain_a first_o pass_v the_o rhine_n upon_o the_o vbii_n or_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o cologne_n and_o after_o they_o have_v conquer_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o gaul_n now_o call_v france_n turn_v as_o it_o be_v the_o course_n of_o their_o victorious_a arm_n back_o again_o they_o conquer_v the_o great_a part_n of_o germany_n and_o subdue_v all_o the_o country_n between_o the_o main_a and_o the_o danube_n and_o go_v northward_o as_o far_o as_o thuringia_n after_o this_o charles_n the_o great_a extend_v his_o conquest_n much_o further_o by_o subdue_a the_o saxon_n and_o tassilon_n king_n of_o the_o bavarian_n so_o
the_o land_n on_o the_o rhine_n near_a one_o another_o and_o on_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a part_n of_o germany_n they_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o whole_a country_n except_z what_o belong_v to_o the_o elector_n palatine_n which_o as_o it_o interrupt_v that_o beautiful_a chain_n of_o church-land_n have_v i_o persuade_v myself_o be_v look_v on_o by_o they_o with_o a_o evil_a eye_n this_o their_o neighbourhood_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o the_o preserve_v they_o from_o the_o reformation_n one_o of_o they_o assist_v another_o to_o expel_v that_o dangerous_a guest_n till_o the_o french_a at_o last_o by_o a_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n though_o a_o catholic_n nation_n as_o they_o call_v it_o come_v in_o to_o revenge_v their_o contempt_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n and_o have_v lay_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o these_o populous_a well_o build_v fruitful_a country_n in_o ash_n twice_o or_o thrice_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n and_o now_o especial_o in_o the_o year_n now_o current_a 1689._o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o author_n 11._o ecclesiastic_a state_n which_o be_v not_o elector_n the_o ecclesiastic_a elector_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o protestant_a prince_n be_v these_o the_o three_o archbishopric_n of_o mentz_n trier_n and_o cologne_n which_o cologne_n mentz_n trier_n and_o cologne_n be_v three_o of_o the_o elector_n and_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o saltsburg_n and_o besanzon_n in_o burgundy_n for_o as_o for_o magdeburg_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a lay-fee_n the_o inferior_a bishopric_n be_v bamberg_n wurtzburg_n worm_n spires_n aichstad_n strasburg_n constance_n ausburg_n hildisheim_n paderborn_n bishop_n the_o bishop_n freisingen_n ratisbone_n passaw_n trent_n brixen_n in_o tirol_n basil_n liege_n osnaburg_n munster_n curen_n in_o curland_n the_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n have_v the_o first_o seat_n among_o the_o bishop_n and_o we_o must_v observe_v too_o that_o in_o our_o time_n there_o be_v sometime_o two_o or_o more_o bishopric_n unite_v in_o the_o same_o person_n either_o because_o the_o revenue_n of_o one_o single_a diocese_n be_v not_o think_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o dignity_n and_o splendour_n of_o a_o prince_n court_n or_o that_o they_o may_v by_o that_o mean_n be_v render_v more_o formidable_a to_o those_o that_o hate_v they_o the_o bishopric_n of_o lubeck_n be_v very_o little_o better_o than_o a_o part_n of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n and_o all_o the_o country_n have_v also_o embrace_v the_o protestant_a religion_n among_o the_o abbey_n which_o be_v call_v prelate_n be_v these_o fuld_n abbot_n miter_v abbot_n kempten_a elwang_n murback_n luder_n the_o master_n of_o st._n john_n berchtelsgaden_n weissenburg_n pruym_n stablo_fw-mi and_o corwey_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o prelate_n who_o be_v not_o prince_n be_v divide_v diet._n the_o prelate_n that_o be_v not_o prince_n but_o vote_n in_o the_o diet._n into_o two_o bench_n that_o of_o the_o rhine_n and_o that_o of_o schwaben_n or_o suabia_n one_o of_o each_o of_o which_o have_v a_o vote_n in_o the_o diet_n and_o they_o be_v esteem_v equal_a to_o the_o count_n or_o earl_n of_o the_o empire_n 12._o the_o estate_n of_o the_o count_n or_o earl_n empire_n the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v also_o much_o more_o splendid_a and_o rich_a than_o that_o of_o man_n enjoy_v the_o same_o dignity_n in_o other_o kingdom_n for_o they_o have_v almost_o the_o same_o privilege_n with_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o ancient_a earldom_n have_v also_o large_a territory_n belong_v to_o they_o whereas_o in_o other_o kingdom_n a_o small_a farm_n or_o manor_n shall_v dignify_v its_o owner_n with_o that_o title_n yet_o the_o division_n of_o the_o estate_n among_o the_o brother_n have_v damnify_v many_o of_o the_o german_a family_n and_o be_v only_o to_o be_v admit_v in_o plebeian_n family_n for_o its_o equity_n and_o piety_n sake_n some_o other_o have_v be_v equal_o ruin_v by_o the_o carelessness_n and_o luxury_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o their_o prodigal_a expense_n at_o this_o day_n the_o earl_n have_v four_o vote_n in_o the_o diet_n one_o for_o wetteraw_n vote_n have_v 4_o vote_n another_o for_o schwaben_n a_o three_o for_o franconia_n and_o the_o four_o for_o westphalia_n the_o earl_n which_o be_v know_v to_o i_o be_v these_o nassaw_n oldenburg_n furstemberg_n hohenlohe_n name_n their_o name_n hanaw_n say_fw-ge witgenstein_n leiningen_n solms_n waldek_n isenburg_n stolberg_n wied_n mansfeld_n reussen_n ottingen_n montfort_n konigseck_n fugger_n sultz_n cronberg_n sintzendorf_n wallenstein_n papenheim_n castell_n lewenstein_n erbach_n limburg_n schwartzenburg_n bentheim_n ostfrisland_n who_o be_v now_o make_v a_o prince_n khine_v and_o walts_n rantzow_n and_o perhaps_o many_o other_o who_o nobility_n be_v not_o to_o be_v prejudice_v by_o my_o silence_n and_o as_o to_o those_o i_o have_v name_v i_o pretend_v no_o skill_n in_o the_o marshal_n of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o proper_a place_n there_o be_v also_o many_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o the_o hereditary_a country_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v of_o late_a creation_n or_o subject_n to_o other_o state_n have_v no_o place_n or_o vote_n in_o the_o diet_n of_o germany_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v mention_v here_o 13._o there_o be_v also_o in_o germany_n no_o small_a diet._n the_o free_a city_n make_v a_o college_n in_o the_o diet._n number_n of_o free_a city_n who_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o prince_n or_o state_n but_o be_v immediate_o under_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v imperial_a city_n in_o the_o diet_n they_o constitute_v a_o particular_a college_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o bench_n that_o of_o the_o rhine_n and_o that_o of_o schwaben_n the_o principal_a of_o these_o be_v norimberg_n ausburg_n cologne_n lubeck_n vlm_n strasburg_n frankford_n ratisbone_n aix_n la_fw-fr chapelle_n or_o aken_n metz_n worm_n spire_n colmar_n memmingen_n esling_n hall_n in_o schwaben_n heilbron_n lindaw_n goslar_n mulhausin_n north_n hausin_n the_o rest_n have_v reason_n rather_o to_o pride_n themselves_o in_o their_o liberty_n than_o in_o their_o wealth_n in_o the_o former_a age_n the_o conjunction_n of_o two_o or_o three_o of_o these_o city_n together_o make_v a_o great_a power_n and_o they_o be_v terrible_a to_o the_o prince_n but_o now_o their_o wealth_n be_v much_o reduce_v and_o we_o may_v probable_o enough_o conjecture_v they_o will_v one_o after_o another_o be_v all_o reduce_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o prince_n at_o least_o the_o bishop_n threaten_v those_o very_o much_o in_o which_o their_o cathedral_n be_v there_o be_v also_o some_o potent_a city_n which_o preserve_v their_o freedom_n though_o perhaps_o not_o very_a well_o ground_v for_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n pretend_v a_o right_n over_o hamburg_n which_o this_o hamburg_n hamburg_n most_o wealthy_a city_n of_o all_o germany_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o and_o it_o be_v think_v the_o strength_n of_o it_o and_o the_o jealousy_n of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n who_o envy_v the_o king_n of_o denmark_n the_o possession_n of_o this_o fat_a morsel_n will_v preserve_v it_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v such_o breme_n breme_n another_o dispute_n with_o the_o city_n of_o breme_n without_o which_o he_o can_v never_o secure_v that_o dukedom_n and_o perhaps_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v too_o much_o reason_n to_o suspect_v that_o city_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o diet_n in_o the_o year_n 1641_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o suspect_v those_o prince_n will_v become_v master_n of_o this_o dukedom_n on_o purpose_n to_o keep_v it_o out_o of_o their_o hand_n and_o deprive_v they_o of_o this_o convenience_n and_o security_n the_o city_n of_o brunswick_n do_v strange_o weaken_v and_o disfigure_v brunswick_n brunswick_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswick_n and_o lunenburg_n and_o by_o its_o site_n interrupt_v their_o otherwise_o well_o compact_v territory_n and_o yet_o they_o will_v never_o suffer_v the_o bishop_n of_o hildisheim_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o that_o city_n hildisheim_n hildisheim_n the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n be_v not_o very_o favourable_a to_o the_o city_n in_o his_o dominion_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a the_o city_n of_o magdeburg_n may_v suffer_v the_o loss_n of_o magdeburg_n magdeburg_n her_o liberty_n after_o the_o death_n of_o augustus_n of_o the_o house_n of_o saxony_n they_o of_o erford_n weary_a erford_n erford_n of_o a_o doubtful_a contest_v for_o their_o liberty_n submit_v and_o for_o their_o folly_n and_o cowardice_n be_v think_v worthy_a to_o lose_v their_o liberty_n wise_a man_n wonder_v also_o that_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n have_v not_o seize_v the_o citadel_n of_o thure_v and_o i_o suppose_v by_o this_o time_n the_o hollander_n be_v make_v sufficient_o sensible_a they_o ought_v to_o have_v defend_v the_o inhabitans_fw-la of_o munster_n against_o
yet_o they_o seem_v more_o ancient_a than_o frederick_n ii_o 5._o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o elector_n 6._o the_o manner_n of_o the_o election_n 7._o the_o elector_n have_v depose_v a_o emperor_n 8._o the_o elector_n have_v some_o other_o special_a privilege_n 9_o what_o be_v do_v during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la 10._o of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n as_o it_o now_o stand_v limit_v by_o treaty_n law_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n p._n 82._o 1._o of_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o imperial_a power_n 2._o these_o condition_n be_v prescribe_v only_o by_o the_o elector_n 3._o the_o usefulness_n of_o the_o german_a capitular_a 4._o the_o extravagant_a opinion_n of_o some_o german_a writer_n concern_v the_o capitular_a 5._o the_o emperor_n do_v not_o appoint_v or_o punish_v the_o magistrate_n in_o the_o empire_n out_o of_o his_o hereditary_a country_n 6._o nor_o can_v he_o deprive_v any_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o their_o dignity_n or_o dominion_n 7._o he_o have_v no_o revenue_n 8._o nor_o be_v he_o the_o arbitrator_n of_o peace_n or_o war_n nor_o of_o league_n and_o alliance_n 9_o nor_o the_o general_a governor_n of_o religion_n a_o account_n of_o martin_n luther_n 10._o many_o of_o the_o german_a prince_n desert_v the_o see_v of_o rome_n the_o decree_n of_o ausburg_n for_o the_o liberty_n of_o religion_n 11._o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o clergy_n more_o fierce_o dispute_v 12._o the_o difference_n of_o religion_n cause_n great_a disquiet_n in_o germany_n the_o peace_n of_o religion_n final_o settle_v 13._o the_o legislative_a power_n not_o in_o the_o emperor_n the_o canon_n law_n first_o introduce_v the_o ancient_a german_a custom_n the_o civil_a law_n bring_v into_o use_n in_o the_o fifteen_o century_n that_o at_o present_a in_o use_n be_v a_o mixture_n of_o all_o these_o three_o particular_a or_o local_a law_n make_v by_o the_o state_n and_o the_o general_a law_n in_o the_o diet._n 14._o the_o form_n of_o the_o german_a jurisdiction_n in_o several_a age_n 15._o the_o old_a form_n change_v 16._o the_o innovation_n bring_v in_o by_o churchman_n 17._o how_o the_o secular_a case_n be_v manage_v the_o chamber_n of_o spire_n erect_v for_o appeal_n 18._o the_o present_a form_n of_o process_n in_o civil_a case_n there_o lie_v no_o appeal_n from_o the_o emperor_n elector_n or_o king_n of_o sweden_n in_o their_o respective_a territory_n nor_o from_o the_o rest_n in_o criminal_a case_n 19_o how_o the_o controversy_n of_o the_o state_n and_o prince_n among_o themselves_o be_v determine_v 20._o the_o high_a court_n in_o the_o empire_n be_v the_o chamber_n of_o spire_n and_o vienna_n 21._o when_o this_o last_o be_v institute_v 22._o the_o form_n of_o execute_v the_o judgement_n of_o these_o court_n 23._o that_o the_o great_a case_n ought_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o diet._n 24._o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o diet_n be_v hold_v every_o year_n 25._o all_o the_o member_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v to_o the_o diet._n 26._o the_o thing_n to_o be_v debate_v there_o be_v propose_v by_o the_o emperor_n or_o his_o commissioner_n 27._o the_o emperor_n have_v some_o prerogative_n above_o any_o other_o of_o the_o prince_n 28._o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o free_a state_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n p._n 135._o 1._o of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n 2._o all_o the_o hereditary_a state_n and_o some_o of_o the_o elective_a be_v monarchy_n the_o free_a city_n be_v commonwealth_n 3._o the_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v neither_o of_o these_o but_o a_o irregular_a system_n 4._o yet_o many_o pretend_v the_o empire_n be_v a_o aristocracy_n 5._o this_o disprove_v 6._o it_o be_v not_o a_o regular_a monarchy_n 7._o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n hippolithus_n à _fw-la lapide_fw-la consider_v 8._o the_o argument_n of_o those_o that_o pretend_v it_o be_v a_o limit_a monarchy_n answer_v 9_o that_o it_o be_v a_o irregular_a system_n of_o sovereign_a state_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o strength_n and_o disease_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n p._n 155._o 1._o the_o subject_n of_o (null)_o force_n man_n and_o thing_n husbandman_n most_o want_v a_o vast_a army_n may_v be_v easy_o levy_v in_o the_o empire_n a_o account_n of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o city_n town_n and_o village_n in_o germany_n the_o inhabitant_n as_o warlike_a as_o numerous_a steady_a and_o constant_a in_o their_o humour_n 2._o in_o the_o point_n of_o strength_n the_o country_n first_o to_o be_v consider_v 3._o that_o it_o be_v well_o store_v with_o what_o will_v carry_v on_o a_o trade_n its_o principal_a commodity_n yet_o germany_n want_v money_n 4._o the_o strength_n of_o the_o empire_n compare_v with_o the_o turk_n to_o who_o a_o four_o part_n be_v equal_a 5._o with_o italy_n denmark_n england_n holland_n spain_n sweden_n and_o france_n 6._o the_o strength_n of_o germany_n compare_v with_o its_o neighbour_n unite_v against_o she_o 7._o germany_n weak_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o irregular_a form_n or_o constitution_n monarchy_n the_o best_a and_o most_o last_a government_n wherein_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o system_fw-la of_o state_n consist_v the_o league_n between_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n seldom_o last_v 8._o the_o disease_n of_o germany_n the_o prince_n and_o the_o emperor_n distrust_v each_o other_o and_o the_o state_n be_v embroil_v one_o with_o another_o 9_o the_o difference_n of_o religion_n cause_n great_a disturbance_n the_o prince_n of_o germany_n enter_v into_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a league_n the_o want_n of_o justice_n and_o of_o a_o common_a treasure_n the_o emulation_n and_o contest_v between_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n of_o germany_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o german_a state-interest_n p._n 186._o 1._o the_o remedy_n of_o these_o disease_n inquire_v into_o 2._o the_o remedy_n prescribe_v by_o hippolytus_n à _fw-fr lapide_fw-la 3._o his_o six_o rule_n six_o remedy_n 4._o the_o author_n be_v own_o remedy_n propose_v the_o german_a state_n near_o to_o a_o system_fw-la of_o state_n the_o empire_n can_v be_v transfer_v to_o another_o family_n 5._o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o great_a man_n concern_v the_o different_a religion_n in_o germany_n 6._o contemt_fw-mi and_o loss_n exasperate_v man_n great_o 7._o the_o temper_n of_o the_o lutheran_n and_o calvinist_n of_o germany_n and_o their_o difference_n with_o each_o other_o 8._o the_o temper_n of_o the_o roman_a catholic_n the_o reason_n of_o invent_v the_o jesuite_n order_n 9_o some_o consideration_n on_o the_o excessive_a revenue_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o popish_a state_n our_o author_n pretend_v to_o be_v a_o venetian_a 10._o the_o protestant_a prince_n be_v well_o able_a to_o justify_v what_o they_o have_v do_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n the_o conclusion_n the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o german_a empire_n germany_n of_o old_a be_v bound_v germany_n the_o ancient_a bound_n of_o germany_n to_o the_o east_n by_o the_o danube_n to_o the_o west_n by_o the_o rhine_n towards_o poland_n it_o have_v then_o the_o same_o bound_n it_o have_v now_o and_o all_o the_o other_o part_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o ocean_n so_o that_o then_o under_o this_o name_n denmark_n norway_n and_o sweden_n be_v include_v with_o all_o the_o country_n to_o the_o botner_n sea_n which_o three_o kingdom_n be_v by_o most_o of_o the_o ancient_a writer_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scandinavia_n but_o then_o i_o think_v the_o country_n on_o the_o east_n of_o that_o bay_n be_v not_o right_o ascribe_v to_o or_o include_v in_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o ancient_a germany_n for_o the_o present_a finlander_n have_v a_o tongue_n so_o different_a from_o that_o speak_v by_o the_o swede_n and_o other_o german_n as_o clear_o show_v that_o nation_n to_o be_v of_o another_o extraction_n to_o this_o i_o may_v add_v that_o what_o tacitus_n write_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o most_o northern_a german_n will_v not_o all_o agree_v with_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o finlander_n but_o be_v wonderful_o agreeable_a to_o those_o of_o the_o laplander_n who_o to_o this_o day_n live_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o be_v probable_a therefore_o that_o the_o finni_n mention_v by_o the_o ancient_n be_v the_o estoitlander_n in_o livonia_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o wonder_n that_o tacitus_n shall_v not_o write_v very_o distinct_o of_o this_o people_n they_o be_v then_o the_o most_o northern_a nation_n that_o be_v ever_o hear_v of_o and_o know_v only_o by_o a_o obscure_a fame_n or_o general_a report_n these_o northern_a country_n have_v however_o for_o many_o age_n be_v under_o distinct_a king_n of_o their_o own_o so_o that_o germany_n have_v be_v take_v to_o
that_o not_o only_o the_o country_n possess_v by_o the_o old_a german_a nation_n be_v all_o reduce_v under_o his_o obedience_n but_o all_o those_o that_o lay_v upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o that_o part_n of_o poland_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n of_o the_o vistula_n which_o be_v then_o inhabit_v by_o the_o sclave_n for_o history_n say_v they_o also_o be_v either_o tributary_n to_o that_o prince_n or_o majestatem_fw-la comiter_fw-la coluisse_fw-la be_v homager_n to_o his_o crown_n 6._o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o german_a be_v of_o what_o nation_n charles_n the_o great_a be_v writer_n have_v very_o fond_o endeavour_v to_o have_v it_o believe_v he_o be_v their_o countryman_n as_o be_v bear_v at_o ingelheim_n a_o town_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o mentz_n but_o now_o under_o the_o elector_n palatine_n and_o in_o a_o ancient_a charter_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o fuld_n the_o land_n upon_o the_o river_n unstrut_v in_o thure_v be_v call_v the_o land_n of_o his_o conception_n and_o that_o he_o use_v the_o german_a tongue_n be_v apparent_a by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o month_n use_v in_o his_o time_n which_o be_v still_o retain_v in_o germany_n and_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v introduce_v by_o he_o but_o if_o the_o german_n will_v suffer_v i_o a_o foreigner_n to_o pass_v my_o judgement_n in_o this_o affair_n though_o i_o be_o not_o at_o all_o dispose_v to_o favour_v the_o french_a in_o their_o other_o pretence_n to_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o german_n yet_o i_o will_v persuade_v they_o here_o free_o and_o willing_o to_o renounce_v their_o pretence_n to_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o the_o rather_o because_o it_o can_v bring_v no_o injury_n to_o their_o present_a empire_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o frank_n place_v the_o seat_n of_o their_o empire_n in_o germany_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o frank_n a_o frank_n certain_a that_o the_o father_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a father_n by_o his_o father_n be_v king_n of_o france_n and_o all_o his_o progenitor_n have_v for_o many_o age_n live_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o manage_v great_a employment_n in_o that_o kingdom_n beside_o those_o part_n of_o germany_n france_n and_o bear_v in_o france_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o be_v then_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n be_v possess_v by_o they_o as_o accession_n acquire_v to_o that_o kingdom_n by_o conquest_n and_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o conquer_a province_n and_o every_o man_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nation_n his_o father_n be_v and_o in_o which_o he_o have_v place_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o fortune_n and_o hope_n after_o his_o father_n and_o ancestor_n the_o sole_a consideration_n that_o a_o man_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o or_o that_o country_n will_v hardly_o be_v allow_v to_o make_v a_o man_n of_o a_o different_a nation_n from_o his_o father_n unless_o we_o can_v believe_v that_o if_o the_o present_a king_n of_o sweden_n have_v be_v bear_v in_o prussia_n he_o have_v be_v to_o have_v be_v esteem_v a_o prussian_a and_o not_o a_o swede_n nor_o be_v that_o part_n of_o germany_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n of_o the_o rhine_n esteem_v a_o part_n of_o france_n till_o under_o charles_n the_o great_a it_o be_v unite_v to_o that_o kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o first_o timeâ—_n that_o follow_v when_o his_o posterity_n have_v divide_v their_o ancestor_n dominion_n among_o they_o the_o historian_n frequent_o distinguish_v between_o the_o latin_a or_o western_a france_n and_o the_o german_a or_o eastern_a france_n which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o germany_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o after_o the_o time_n of_o the_o otho_n that_o name_n of_o germany_n by_o degree_n grow_v out_o of_o use_n the_o objection_n make_v on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o german_a language_n by_o charles_n the_o great_a may_v be_v thus_o easy_o tongue_n though_o he_o use_v the_o german_a tongue_n answer_v the_o gaul_n have_v be_v long_o subject_a to_o the_o roman_n by_o degree_n lose_v their_o own_o tongue_n and_o embrace_v that_o of_o their_o conqueror_n so_o that_o at_o last_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o footstep_n of_o the_o old_a celtic_a leave_v among_o they_o but_o then_o the_o frank_n bring_v their_o german_a tongue_n along_o with_o they_o and_o without_o doubt_n do_v not_o present_o forget_v it_o but_o then_o as_o the_o frank_n neither_o destroy_v nor_o expel_v the_o gaul_n but_o only_o assume_v the_o government_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o country_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o those_o who_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o frank_n be_v employ_v in_o the_o great_a affair_n and_o the_o gaul_n as_o a_o conquer_a people_n be_v keep_v under_o but_o then_o as_o two_o river_n of_o different_a colour_n unite_n in_o one_o stream_n may_v for_o some_o time_n preserve_v each_o his_o proper_a colour_n but_o at_o length_n the_o great_a stream_n will_v certain_o change_v the_o lester_n into_o its_o own_o colour_n so_o in_o the_o begin_n the_o gaul_n have_v their_o tongue_n and_o the_o frank_n they_o till_o in_o length_n of_o time_n a_o three_o be_v make_v out_o of_o both_o mix_v and_o twist_v together_o in_o which_o yet_o the_o latin_a be_v the_o predominant_a the_o plain_a cause_n of_o which_o be_v that_o the_o gaul_n be_v more_o numerous_a than_o the_o frank_n and_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a for_o they_o to_o learn_v the_o german_n than_o it_o be_v for_o the_o frank_n to_o learn_v the_o gallic_a latin_n for_o with_o what_o difficulty_n foreigner_n learn_v the_o german_a tongue_n i_o myself_o know_v by_o experience_n from_o hence_o it_o proceed_v that_o the_o most_o ancient_a writer_n of_o this_o nation_n call_v the_o vulgar_a latin_a the_o rustic_a or_o countryman_n tongue_n because_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n still_o use_v the_o german_a whilst_o the_o countryman_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gaul_n have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o any_o other_o than_o the_o latin_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v it_o be_v in_o our_o own_o time_n in_o livonia_n and_o curland_n where_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n be_v by_o the_o german_n reduce_v into_o the_o condition_n of_o mere_a rustic_n for_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n speak_v the_o sclavonian_a tongue_n and_o the_o german_a but_o the_o countryman_n do_v scarce_o understand_v one_o german_a word_n of_o ten_o thus_o charles_n the_o great_a may_v easy_o understand_v the_o german_a tongue_n because_o the_o frank_n who_o be_v a_o german_a nation_n have_v not_o quite_o lay_v aside_o the_o use_n of_o it_o and_o also_o because_o the_o frank_n before_o his_o time_n have_v conquer_v a_o great_a part_n of_o germany_n and_o he_o go_v on_o with_o the_o work_n and_o reduce_v all_o the_o rest_n under_o his_o dominion_n nor_o be_v it_o possible_a in_o that_o unlearned_a age_n to_o converse_v with_o the_o german_n in_o any_o other_o than_o their_o own_o language_n but_o then_o he_o that_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v two_o very_a different_a question_n confound_v into_o one_o will_v very_o accurate_o determine_v this_o controversy_n for_o if_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o charles_n the_o great_a be_v of_o a_o gallic_a or_o a_o german_a original_a without_o doubt_v it_o will_v be_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v not_o a_o gaul_n but_o a_o german_a or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o a_o frank._n but_o if_o the_o question_n be_v what_o countryman_n he_o be_v france_n and_o not_o germany_n be_v to_o be_v assign_v he_o and_o therefore_o in_o this_o respect_n he_o be_v no_o german_n but_o a_o gaul_n or_o gallo-frank_n i_o fear_v i_o shall_v make_v the_o reader_n think_v i_o take_v he_o for_o a_o stupid_a person_n if_o i_o shall_v dwell_v any_o long_o on_o so_o plain_a a_o thing_n and_o yet_o i_o will_v presume_v to_o give_v the_o german_n a_o know_a example_n if_o you_o fall_v upon_o a_o nobleman_n of_o livonia_n and_o ask_v he_o what_o countryman_n he_o be_v he_o will_v reply_v a_o livonian_a and_o not_o a_o german_a but_o then_o if_o you_o still_o insist_v and_o ask_v he_o of_o what_o lineage_n he_o will_v say_v he_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o german_n and_o not_o of_o the_o livonian_o 7._o this_o prince_n charles_n the_o great_a have_v dominion_n the_o title_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a to_o his_o several_a dominion_n under_o he_o divers_a nation_n which_o he_o have_v acquire_v by_o very_o different_a title_n he_o enjoy_v france_n as_o his_o inheritance_n devolve_v to_o he_o from_o his_o father_n by_o succession_n for_o though_o we_o read_v in_o their_o history_n that_o the_o ancient_a frank_n have_v lodge_v in_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o that_o nation_n some_o authority_n in_o the_o constitute_v their_o king_n yet_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v rather_o a_o solemn_a inaguration_n and_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o loyalty_n
and_o obedience_n to_o the_o new_a king_n than_o a_o free_a election_n for_o they_o rare_o depart_v from_o the_o order_n of_o a_o lineal_a succession_n but_o when_o there_o be_v faction_n or_o the_o next_o heir_n in_o the_o line_n be_v whole_o unfit_a for_o government_n a_o part_n of_o germany_n be_v before_o this_o time_n unite_v by_o conquest_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o it_o be_v subdue_v by_o the_o victorious_a arm_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a whether_o any_o part_n of_o this_o country_n free_o and_o willing_o submit_v to_o he_o out_o of_o reverence_n to_o his_o greatness_n be_v very_o uncertain_a he_o also_o by_o his_o arm_n conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o lombard_n in_o italy_n the_o pope_n of_o rome_n afford_v he_o a_o pretence_n for_o it_o after_o which_o he_o be_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n salute_v emperor_n of_o rome_n and_o augustus_n now_o what_o he_o gain_v by_o this_o title_n we_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o inform_v 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the_o charge_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o he_o well_o consider_v that_o all_o be_v to_o be_v spend_v on_o the_o turkish_a war_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o austrian_a dominion_n and_o when_o the_o account_n of_o the_o money_n expend_v in_o the_o turkish_a war_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o austrian_a family_n the_o low_a country_n be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v overcharge_v nor_o to_o be_v very_o ill_o treat_v if_o they_o prove_v slow_a in_o the_o payment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v that_o charles_n v._o by_o this_o promise_n only_o encourage_v the_o german_n to_o spend_v their_o treasure_n the_o more_o free_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o territory_n when_o they_o see_v he_o so_o free_o consent_v to_o bring_v his_o own_o patrimony_n under_o the_o same_o burden_n though_o perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v another_o reason_n too_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o viz._n that_o whereas_o his_o son_n philip_n then_o aspire_v to_o the_o empire_n it_o may_v not_o be_v object_v against_o he_o that_o he_o have_v no_o dominion_n in_o the_o empire_n those_o belong_v before_o to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n be_v then_o assign_v to_o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n or_o perhaps_o that_o the_o german_n may_v think_v themselves_o the_o more_o oblige_v to_o defend_v these_o province_n if_o they_o be_v at_o any_o time_n invade_v by_o the_o french_a king_n at_o this_o time_n that_o line_n be_v reduce_v house_n the_o male_n of_o this_o house_n to_o two_o male_n leopald_n emperor_n of_o germany_n who_o have_v since_o our_o author_n write_v have_v a_o son_n name_v joseph_n and_o charles_n king_n of_o spain_n who_o have_v no_o issue_n i_o have_v hear_v many_o of_o the_o german_n wish_v this_o prince_n a_o numerous_a male_a posterity_n out_o of_o mere_a fear_n that_o the_o fail_v of_o the_o line_n in_o this_o family_n may_v cause_v dreadful_a convulsion_n in_o europe_n 5_o the_o family_n of_o the_o count_n palatine_a of_o the_o bavaria_n the_o count_v palatine_a of_o the_o rhine_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n rhine_n and_o of_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n be_v as_o to_z antiquity_n equal_a to_o the_o best_a and_o it_o enjoy_v a_o vast_a tract_n of_o land_n which_o extend_v from_o the_o alps_o to_o the_o river_n moselle_n and_o two_o dukedom_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o low_a country_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o line_n the_o rudolfian_n and_o william_n one_o of_o these_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n bavaria_n bavaria_n and_o have_v ever_o be_v think_v very_o rich_a and_o in_o the_o last_o tedious_a civil_a war_n it_o get_v also_o the_o electoral_a dignity_n from_o the_o palatinate_n family_n and_o for_o almost_o a_o hundred_o year_n it_o have_v possess_v the_o electorate_v of_o cologne_n prince_n clement_n who_o be_v late_o choose_v be_v likely_a still_o to_o continue_v it_o in_o this_o family_n though_o powerful_o oppose_v by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o predecessor_n also_o possess_v the_o bishopric_n of_o liege_n and_o hildisheim_n the_o rudolfian_n family_n the_o palatine_a family_n line_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o branch_n the_o principal_a of_o which_o be_v the_o elector_n palatine_n and_o it_o enjoy_v the_o low_a palatinate_n on_o the_o rhine_n a_o country_n which_o for_o its_o strength_n pleasantness_n and_o fertility_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o best_a part_n of_o germany_n before_o the_o french_a with_o fire_n and_o sword_n barbarous_o lay_v it_o desolate_a not_o only_a demolish_n but_o burn_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o great_a part_n of_o its_o town_n city_n palace_n and_o church_n the_o count_n palatine_n of_o newburg_n newburg_n the_o house_n of_o newburg_n possess_v heretofore_o the_o dukedom_n of_o juliers_n and_o montz_n and_o some_o dominion_n on_o the_o danube_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1685._o charles_n lewis_n the_o last_o elector_n die_v without_o issue_n philip_n william_n of_o the_o house_n of_o newburg_n succeed_v in_o the_o electorate_v too_o which_o in_o the_o year_n 1688._o he_o resign_v to_o his_o son_n john_n william_n be_v grow_v very_o old_a and_o sore_o oppress_v by_o the_o french_a beside_o these_o house_n the_o other_o branch_n of_o this_o house_n there_o be_v the_o palatine_n of_o sultzback_n simmeren_n deuxpont_n or_o zuibrucken_v as_o the_o german_n call_v it_o birkenfield_n and_o lawtreck_n the_o family_n of_o deuxpont_n produce_v charles_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n who_o germany_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n of_o this_o family_n his_o dominion_n in_o germany_n now_o reign_v in_o that_o kingdom_n who_o by_o the_o peace_n of_o osnaburg_n have_v obtain_v in_o germany_n the_o dukedom_n of_o breme_n ferden_n and_o the_o upper_a pomerania_n together_o with_o stetin_n the_o principality_n of_o rugen_n and_o the_o barony_n of_o wismar_n this_o family_n enjoy_v now_o also_o prince_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o virtue_n for_o as_o the_o bavarian_a line_n be_v celebrate_v for_o their_o 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country_n celebrate_v in_o some_o part_n for_o its_o fertility_n and_o in_o other_o for_o its_o mine_n this_o family_n be_v divide_v in_o to_o two_o branch_n viz._n albert_n and_o ernest_n the_o last_o of_o these_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o electorate_v and_o the_o second_o son_n be_v to_o be_v bishop_n of_o magdeburg_n of_o the_o first_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o altenburg_n gotham_n and_o 4_o brother_n of_o the_o family_n of_o wimar_n and_o a_o numerous_a posterity_n beside_o 7._o next_o these_o be_v the_o marquess_n of_o brandenburg_n brandenburg_n the_o house_n of_o brandenburg_n the_o head_n of_o which_o family_n be_v one_o of_o the_o elector_n who_o have_v large_a dominion_n in_o germany_n beside_o prussia_n which_o be_v place_v now_o out_o of_o the_o empire_n which_o also_o he_o late_o obtain_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n he_o have_v mark_n the_o further_a pomerania_n gain_v from_o the_o swede_n though_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o by_o inheritance_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o last_o duke_n without_o issue_n halberstad_n minden_n and_o camin_n three_o bishopric_n give_v he_o as_o a_o equivalent_a for_o the_o hither_o pomerania_n and_o he_o be_v also_o to_o have_v that_o of_o magdeburg_n after_o the_o death_n of_o augustus_n the_o present_a possessor_n of_o the_o house_n of_o saxony_n these_o dominion_n be_v large_a and_o fruitful_a yet_o some_o believe_v he_o will_v have_v choose_v the_o two_o pomerania_n entire_a before_o all_o the_o rest_n i_o remember_v when_o i_o be_v in_o my_o return_n from_o germany_n be_v at_o a_o entertainment_n at_o padova_n in_o which_o be_v present_v some_o italian_a and_o french_a marquess_n i_o have_v a_o occasion_n to_o say_v the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n can_v travel_v 200_o german_a mile_n in_o his_o own_o dominion_n without_o lie_v one_o night_n in_o any_o other_o prince_n country_n though_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v indeed_o interrupt_v whereupon_o many_o that_o be_v present_a begin_v to_o suspect_v i_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o common_a fault_n of_o traveller_n and_o my_o faith_n be_v much_o question_v but_o that_o a_o old_a soldier_n who_o be_v present_a and_o have_v serve_v long_o in_o germany_n and_o have_v be_v one_o of_o my_o acquaintance_n in_o that_o prince_n court_n deliver_v i_o from_o their_o suspicion_n they_o can_v not_o but_o blush_v thereupon_o when_o they_o consider_v that_o some_o pride_v themselves_o in_o this_o title_n in_o italy_n and_o france_n who_o be_v scarce_o master_n of_o two_o hundred_o acre_n of_o land_n so_o little_o do_v they_o understand_v that_o our_o german_a marggrave_n be_v more_o considerable_a than_o their_o marquess_n there_o be_v another_o branch_n of_o this_o family_n in_o franconia_n who_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v possess_v the_o old_a inheritance_n of_o the_o burggrave_v of_o norimburg_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o line_n that_o of_o culemback_n and_o that_o of_o
i_o suppose_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o chapter_n will_v scarce_o have_v submit_v patient_o to_o a_o bishop_n so_o obtrude_v on_o they_o though_o it_o be_v practise_v frequent_o in_o other_o country_n 7._o the_o bishop_n of_o germany_n be_v indebt_v emperor_n the_o bishopric_n of_o germany_n endow_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o first_o emperor_n for_o all_o those_o province_n and_o great_a revenue_n they_o now_o enjoy_v a_o fervent_a piety_n and_o zeal_n in_o those_o time_n rule_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o prince_n because_o they_o think_v the_o more_o they_o give_v to_o the_o church_n the_o more_o they_o unite_a themselves_o to_o god_n which_o opinion_n be_v much_o abate_v in_o our_o time_n because_o many_o now_o how_o true_o i_o know_v not_o have_v take_v up_o another_o contrary_a to_o it_o viz_o that_o over_o great_a wealth_n bestow_v on_o church_n man_n tend_v rather_o to_o the_o extinguish_n than_o nourish_v of_o piety_n and_o religion_n the_o churchman_n also_o of_o those_o early_a time_n seem_v to_o have_v have_v the_o grace_n of_o ask_v without_o fear_n whatever_o may_v seem_v convenient_a for_o the_o allay_a the_o hardship_n of_o their_o profession_n thus_o the_o bishop_n and_o church_n obtain_v of_o these_o good_a prince_n not_o only_a farm_n tithe_n and_o rent_n but_o also_o whole_a lordship_n county_n dukedom_n with_o all_o the_o regalia_n or_o royalty_n annex_v to_o they_o so_o that_o they_o become_v equal_a in_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o temporal_a prince_n but_o then_o in_o truth_n they_o obtain_v the_o degree_n of_o prince_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o otho_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v and_o they_o get_v not_o the_o regalia_z all_o at_o once_o but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a some_o at_o one_o time_n and_o some_o at_o another_o and_o from_o thence_o it_o come_v that_o some_o of_o the_o bishop_n have_v not_o yet_o get_v they_o all_o and_o other_o have_v they_o under_o the_o restraint_n of_o certain_a limitation_n there_o be_v two_o other_o thing_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o the_o accure_v all_o these_o great_a riches_n and_o honour_n for_o the_o church_n 1._o that_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n in_o those_o time_n take_v order_n and_o become_v churchman_n and_o 2._o that_o all_o the_o little_a learning_n those_o barbarous_a age_n have_v be_v in_o the_o clergy_n this_o occasion_v the_o call_n the_o bishop_n to_o court_n to_o give_v their_o advice_n and_o the_o employ_v they_o as_o judge_n and_o governor_n in_o the_o province_n because_o these_o thing_n can_v be_v well_o perform_v without_o some_o learning_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o the_o office_n of_o chancellor_n be_v at_o first_o annex_v to_o the_o principal_a bishop_n see_v i_o do_v also_o believe_v that_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n be_v very_o much_o improve_v by_o many_o prince_n and_o nobleman_n who_o resign_v their_o estate_n or_o a_o part_n of_o they_o to_o the_o bishop_n and_o take_v they_o again_o as_o fee_n from_o they_o that_o they_o may_v so_o oblige_v they_o to_o take_v the_o more_o care_n in_o recommend_v they_o and_o their_o salvation_n to_o god_n in_o their_o prayer_n and_o as_o their_o family_n afterward_o be_v extinguish_v their_o estate_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o bishopric_n who_o know_v not_o also_o what_o vast_a addition_n have_v be_v since_o make_v by_o the_o will_n of_o die_a man_n when_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v natural_o afraid_a of_o heat_n and_o thirst_v see_v they_o must_v buy_v off_o the_o roast_n in_o purgatory_n by_o that_o mean_n which_o they_o fear_v above_o all_o man_n 8._o the_o churchman_n may_v have_v be_v benefactor_n when_o they_o become_v very_o rich_a they_o will_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o benefactor_n well_o content_v with_o their_o condition_n in_o germany_n though_o they_o have_v neither_o abjure_a ambition_n nor_o avarice_n but_o then_o as_o they_o of_o all_o man_n be_v desirous_a to_o have_v other_o under_o they_o so_o they_o can_v least_o endure_v to_o see_v other_o above_o they_o and_o therefore_o think_v this_o be_v still_o want_v to_o perfect_v their_o happiness_n in_o this_o world_n because_o they_o be_v still_o force_v to_o receive_v all_o they_o have_v from_o the_o emperor_n and_o consequent_o be_v force_v to_o live_v in_o a_o dependence_n on_o he_o if_o the_o reverence_n i_o owe_v that_o most_o sacred_a order_n of_o man_n do_v not_o restrain_v i_o i_o shall_v say_v they_o be_v the_o worst_a of_o man_n who_o as_o the_o event_n show_v abuse_v the_o imprudent_a liberality_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o that_o majesty_n and_o power_n that_o have_v raise_v and_o enrich_v dignify_v and_o ennoble_v they_o certain_o he_o be_v not_o worthy_a of_o liberty_n who_o be_v not_o will_v to_o own_o his_o manumissor_n for_o his_o patron_n and_o master_n that_o therefore_o this_o tribe_n of_o levite_n may_v whole_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o laic_n the_o german_a bishop_n strenuous_o solicit_v the_o pope_n to_o send_v abroad_o his_o vatican_n thunder_n and_o raise_v plenty_n of_o commotion_n in_o the_o empire_n to_o second_v they_o by_o both_o which_o they_o at_o last_o gain_v their_o point_n for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n lead_v the_o way_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o flock_n follow_v he_o faithful_o and_o will_v never_o suffer_v their_o prince_n to_o have_v any_o rest_n till_o he_o will_v permit_v they_o to_o depend_v on_o no_o body_n but_o the_o pope_n this_o as_o many_o think_v bring_v a_o signal_n mischief_n on_o the_o german_a state_n viz._n the_o have_v so_o many_o of_o its_o member_n acknowledge_v a_o foreign_a head_n unless_o we_o can_v think_v the_o pope_n be_v so_o fond_o in_o love_n with_o germany_n that_o he_o desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o its_o preservation_n and_o that_o they_o at_o rome_n know_v better_v what_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o germany_n than_o the_o very_a german_n themselves_o do_v 9_o it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o say_v something_o of_o the_o free_a city_n germany_n till_o the_o city_n of_o the_o free_a city_n v._o century_n after_o christ_n have_v nothing_o but_o village_n without_o wall_n or_o disperse_v house_n in_o all_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v to_o the_o east_n and_o north_n of_o the_o rhine_n even_o in_o the_o ix_o century_n there_o be_v only_o mention_v make_v of_o a_o city_n or_o two_o in_o that_o part_n which_o border_n on_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n but_o then_o there_o be_v many_o city_n build_v by_o the_o roman_n much_o more_o earlily_n in_o that_o part_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o french_a side_n of_o the_o rhine_n of_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v possess_v as_o also_o between_o the_o danube_n and_o the_o alps_o which_o belong_v then_o to_o they_o but_o be_v afterward_o a_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o reason_n why_o in_o those_o ancient_a city_n why_o the_o german_n of_o old_a have_v no_o city_n time_n they_o have_v no_o city_n be_v first_o because_o the_o old_a german_n have_v no_o skill_n in_o architecture_n which_o ignorance_n still_o appear_v in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o country_n and_o second_o the_o fierceness_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o make_v they_o averse_a to_o these_o kind_n of_o habitation_n as_o a_o fort_n of_o prison_n and_o also_o three_o because_o the_o nobility_n place_v their_o great_a pleasure_n in_o hunt_v and_o therefore_o neither_o know_v nor_o much_o value_v the_o conveniency_n of_o have_v city_n and_o great_a to_n their_o diet_n then_o be_v very_o mean_a their_o furniture_n and_o clothes_n cheap_a and_o they_o neither_o know_v nor_o regard_v the_o superfluous_a effect_n of_o wealth_n or_o luxury_n but_o after_o their_o mind_n be_v civilise_v and_o soften_v by_o christianity_n they_o begin_v by_o degree_n to_o affect_v the_o elegant_a way_n of_o live_v the_o love_n of_o riches_n and_o a_o study_a luxury_n follow_v and_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o abroad_o both_o which_o be_v nourish_v by_o great_a city_n the_o prince_n also_o have_v amass_v great_a riches_n take_v a_o pride_n in_o build_v city_n and_o invite_v the_o rustic_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o settle_v in_o they_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o large_a privilege_n especial_o after_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v abolish_v villeinage_n or_o slavery_n and_o the_o liberti_n or_o freemen_n have_v no_o land_n to_o subsist_v on_o they_o fly_v by_o flock_n to_o the_o city_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o manufacture_n and_o trade_n the_o irruption_n of_o the_o hungarian_n force_v henry_n the_o falconer_n to_o build_v many_o city_n and_o strong_a hold_v in_o saxony_n and_o he_o make_v every_o nine_o man_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o country_n to_o inhabit_v they_o the_o league_n afterward_o between_o the_o city_n for_o their_o mutual_a defence_n and_o
trade_n give_v they_o great_a security_n and_o by_o consequence_n make_v they_o populous_a and_o rich_a the_o principal_a of_o these_o league_n be_v that_o make_v by_o the_o city_n on_o the_o rhine_n in_o the_o year_n 1255_o in_o which_o some_o prince_n desire_v to_o be_v include_v the_o hanse_v league_n be_v chief_o make_v on_o the_o account_n of_o maritime_a commerce_n and_o grow_v to_o that_o height_n of_o power_n that_o they_o become_v terrible_a to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n england_n and_o denmark_n but_o then_o after_o the_o year_n 1500._o it_o become_v contemptible_a because_o the_o lesser_a city_n when_o they_o find_v the_o great_a get_v all_o the_o profit_n fall_v general_o off_o and_o desert_v they_o and_o the_o nation_n upon_o the_o ocean_n and_o baltic_a sea_n by_o their_o example_n begin_v about_o the_o same_o time_n also_o to_o encourage_v trade_n in_o their_o own_o subject_n especial_o the_o english_a flandrian_o and_o hollander_n thus_o their_o monopoly_n fail_v their_o strength_n fall_v with_o it_o 10._o though_o in_o the_o begin_n the_o city_n germany_n the_o city_n at_o first_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n or_o emperor_n of_o germany_n be_v in_o a_o better_a condition_n than_o the_o village_n yet_o they_o be_v no_o less_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n or_o emperor_n than_o they_o and_o these_o prince_n take_v care_n to_o have_v justice_n exercise_v in_o they_o by_o their_o count_n or_o depute_a judge_n as_o they_o call_v they_o after_o this_o by_o the_o enormous_a and_o imprudent_a liberality_n of_o the_o emperor_n many_o of_o the_o city_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n other_o to_o the_o duke_n and_o count_n and_o the_o rest_n remain_v as_o before_o only_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n in_o the_o xii_o century_n they_o begin_v to_o take_v more_o liberty_n as_o they_o find_v they_o can_v rely_v upon_o their_o riches_n because_o the_o emperor_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o intestine_a war_n be_v not_o able_a then_o to_o reduce_v they_o to_o a_o due_a obedience_n some_o prince_n be_v but_o just_a advance_v to_o the_o imperial_a dignity_n and_o so_o be_v force_v also_o to_o purchase_v the_o favour_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o great_a city_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o new_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n that_o they_o may_v employ_v they_o as_o a_o bulwark_n against_o their_o refractory_a bishop_n and_o prince_n after_o this_o by_o degree_n they_o shake_v off_o the_o emperor_n advocate_n the_o succeed_a emperor_n observe_v also_o that_o the_o bishop_n employ_v their_o wealth_n against_o they_o encourage_v the_o city_n to_o oppose_v the_o bishop_n the_o duke_n of_o schwaben_n fail_v many_o small_a city_n in_o the_o dukedom_n catch_v hasty_o at_o the_o opportunity_n of_o be_v make_v free_a yet_o they_o do_v not_o obtain_v their_o freedom_n all_o at_o once_o but_o one_o after_o another_o as_o they_o can_v gain_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o that_o be_v one_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v not_o all_o the_o same_o privilege_n and_o some_o of_o they_o want_v a_o part_n of_o the_o regalia_z to_o this_o day_n some_o of_o they_o buy_v these_o privilege_n of_o their_o duke_n or_o bishop_n and_o other_o shake_v they_o off_o by_o force_n and_o then_o enter_v into_o treaty_n for_o the_o purge_v that_o iniquity_n for_o when_o these_o prince_n be_v poor_a or_o low_a their_o last_o remedy_n be_v to_o sell_v the_o rich_a of_o their_o subject_n their_o liberty_n and_o other_o when_o they_o see_v they_o can_v no_o long_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n take_v what_o they_o can_v get_v from_o they_o and_o be_v unwilling_o content_v with_o it_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n the_o emperor_n and_o of_o the_o election_n and_o the_o elector_n 1._o though_o germany_n consist_v of_o so_o many_o germany_n the_o emperor_n the_o head_n of_o germany_n member_n many_o of_o which_o be_v great_a and_o perfect_a state_n yet_o it_o have_v at_o all_o time_n except_v the_o interregnum_n which_o have_v happen_v since_o charles_n the_o great_a be_v unite_v to_o one_o head_n which_o the_o ancient_n only_o call_v their_o king_n the_o late_a age_n by_o the_o more_o ambition_n title_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o caesar_n and_o upon_o the_o sole_a account_n of_o this_o head_n it_o have_v seem_v to_o the_o most_o of_o man_n to_o be_v one_o single_a simple_a state_n and_o my_o next_o business_n be_v to_o show_v how_o this_o head_n be_v constitute_v or_o appoint_v but_o than_o it_o will_v be_v worth_a my_o while_n by_o way_n of_o introduction_n to_o represent_v this_o affair_n from_o its_o rise_n that_o it_o may_v the_o more_o clear_o appear_v how_o much_o the_o present_n differ_v from_o the_o ancient_a election_n and_o what_o be_v the_o true_a original_a of_o the_o electoral_a prince_n as_o to_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o his_o posterity_n the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n be_v to_o be_v several_o and_o distinct_o consider_v the_o pope_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o roman_n pretend_o give_v by_o the_o pope_n first_o of_o these_o be_v collate_v upon_o charles_n by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o the_o principal_a member_n of_o that_o empire_n or_o rather_o as_o upon_o one_o who_o plain_o design_v to_o make_v himself_o emperor_n and_o that_o as_o appear_v in_o a_o hereditary_a way_n so_o that_o the_o crown_v his_o successor_n have_v not_o the_o force_n of_o a_o new_a and_o free_a election_n but_o of_o a_o solemn_a inaguration_n for_o we_o read_v that_o charles_n the_o great_a make_v lewis_n his_o son_n and_o lewis_n make_v also_o lotharius_n his_o son_n their_o consort_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o their_o ask_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n or_o of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n on_o either_o of_o these_o occasion_n but_o then_o as_o to_o the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o france_n we_o can_v affirm_v that_o it_o be_v either_o mere_o elective_a or_o mere_o hereditary_a but_o a_o mixture_n of_o both_o for_o we_o read_v frequent_o that_o the_o elective_a the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n morchereditary_a than_o elective_a king_n of_o france_n be_v constitute_v by_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o whole_a people_n of_o france_n but_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n yet_o that_o they_o never_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o dead_a king_n but_o for_o very_o great_a reason_n which_o kind_n of_o election_n be_v as_o we_o know_v still_o observe_v in_o poland_n yet_o he_o that_o shall_v curious_o observe_v it_o shall_v find_v france_n have_v more_o of_o a_o successive_a than_o of_o a_o elective_a kingdom_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v collate_v on_o the_o first_o of_o the_o race_n with_o a_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v transmit_v it_o to_o his_o posterity_n unless_o they_o appear_v to_o the_o people_n very_o unworthy_a of_o it_o so_o that_o the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n do_v not_o so_o much_o gain_v a_o new_a right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n by_o this_o approbation_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n as_o a_o declaration_n that_o they_o be_v not_o uncapable_a of_o succeed_a by_o the_o right_n that_o be_v at_o first_o collate_v on_o they_o afterward_o the_o line_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a be_v depose_v or_o reject_v and_o deny_v the_o throne_n of_o france_n the_o kingdom_n of_o germany_n or_o as_o they_o then_o call_v it_o the_o east_n kingdom_n of_o france_n be_v by_o the_o most_o free_a consent_n of_o conrade_n germany_n give_v free_o to_o otho_n and_o after_o to_o conrade_n the_o nobility_n give_v to_o otho_n the_o saxon_a who_o excuse_v himself_o on_o the_o account_n of_o his_o age_n by_o his_o advice_n conrade_n duke_n of_o franconia_n be_v by_o they_o choose_v king_n of_o germany_n who_o be_v as_o some_o think_v of_o the_o line_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a by_o his_o counsel_n also_o afterward_o henry_n the_o falconer_n son_n of_o otho_n duke_n of_o saxony_n be_v by_o a_o free_a election_n advance_v to_o that_o kingdom_n who_o be_v content_v with_o germany_n will_v not_o accept_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n though_o the_o pope_n offer_v it_o to_o he_o but_o otho_n the_o great_a his_o son_n have_v subdue_v italy_n so_o unite_v rome_n and_o ever_o the_o empire_n of_o rome_n unite_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o germany_n for_o ever_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n to_o germany_n that_o from_o thenceforward_o he_o that_o have_v the_o kingdom_n of_o germany_n without_o any_o new_a election_n shall_v be_v emperor_n of_o rome_n the_o crown_n by_o the_o pope_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o solemnity_n though_o before_o this_o ceremony_n the_o king_n of_o germany_n have_v not_o usual_o use_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n the_o same_o form_n of_o succession_n hereupon_o be_v use_v in_o germany_n which_o