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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19936	A true relation of the travailes and most miserable captiuitie of William Dauies, barber-surgion of London, vnder the Duke of Florence VVherein is truly set downe the manner of his taking, the long time of his slauierie, and meanes of his deliuerie, after eight yeeres, and ten moneths captiuitie in the gallies. Discouering many manye landes, ilandes, riuers, cities, and townes, of the Christians and infidels, the condition of the people, and the manner of their countrey: with many more strange things, as in the booke is briefely and plainely expressed. By William Dauies, barber-surgion of London, and borne in the citie of Hereford.	Davies, William, barber-surgion of London.	1614 (1614)	STC 6365; ESTC S109386	26,244	42

labour of one slaue whereupon the Duke demaunded my name Captaine Thornton answered and said William Dauies whereto the Duke replied I haue often béene spoken to for that fellow whose liberty now I giue vpon thy good report Thornton but yet I doubt his vsage hath béene so hard in my Countrey that as soone as hée is out of chaynes he will giue me the slip and not goe the voyage into the In●ies with thée But if he can giue fiue hundred Crownes securitie to goe the voyage hée shall be released presently out of chaynes neyther shall hée want any thing that is needfull for the voyage ●or the good of all the Company or for his owne bodie and this let him vnderstand as soone as may be which newes came within two dayes vnto me to my great reioycing comfort but as soone as I heard it I sodainly sate down being at my ol● profession carrying of durt and stone and such like in a basket and would worke no longer neyther suffer the slaue to worke that was chayned vnto mée but as soone as I was espied one of the Masters of the worke came to mée and said thou Lutheran Dogge Why workest thou not and with that strake me with a Cudgell whereto the slaue that was chayned with me replied The Duke hath giuen him his libertie then said hée that had stroken mée Master I beseech you forgiue mée and excuse my rashnesse doubting that I should haue remembred his former courtesies being at libertie And within a short time after Captaine Thorneton came from Florence to Ligorne where I was who then tolde mee the Dukes disposition to the full and vpon what securitie I should be deliuered which securitie I did sodainely procure by an English Marchant whose name was Maister William Mellyn of Bristow who passed his Band for fiue hundred Crownes to the Duke for the performance of the voyage by mée Whereupon I was sodainely released out of chaynes to my great reioycing giuing God thankes for his blessings Then was I presently well apparrelled by Captaine Thorneton and this Marchant wanting nothing whereof I was destitute But within two or three dayes after I was sent for by the great Duke to come vnto him to Archemeyne where then hée continued whither sodaynely I repayred and comming to the Dukes presence doing my dutie he said vnto me be of good comfort I haue giuen thée grace with thy liberty neyther shalt thou want any thing for the fitting of thy voyage or néedful for thy owne bodie therefore speake boldly and demaund any thing that shall be necessary and I will haue thée well fitted for the great Duke of Florence wants no money Then he demaunded of me further what I was in mine owne Countrey whither I was a Gentleman or no. I answered his highnesse I was then he asked me how I told him my father was a Gentleman and for my part I had serued my Quéene by Lano and by Sea against the aduersaries of my Quéene and Countrey and had lost mine owne bloud and spilt my enemies bloud and next that I was a Gentleman by Art Then the Duke answered and said Thou art a worthy fellow for thou hast indured much miserie in this world But tell me quoth hée with what substance of wealth camest thou out of thy Countrey I answered with two purses full Full said hée of what I said of Siluer and Gold which I lost when I was taken by his Highnes Gallies and the other full of Patience which doth continue full still Then said the Duke to one that stoode by giue him a hundred Crownes to spend to strengthen himselfe and bring himselfe to courage thus did the Duke take delight in discoursing with me in respect I spake the Italian tongue very perfectly for I bought it déere with many a droppe of my bloud in the time of my slauerie Then receiuing this hundred Crownes which the Duke had giuen me I left his Court comming presently to Ligorne where the Ship lay indeauoring of my selfe by my labour and industrie for the fitting of all things necessary for the good of the Uoyage vpon the Dukes charge besides this hundred Crownes for they were giuen mée to spend at my owne pleasure which I did to the comfort of many English-men that lay in chaines that were taken with mée they wanted neyther meate nor drinke as long as my money lasted as many of them as were left aliue for of seuen and thirtie of vs that were taken at the first there remayned then but thirtéene whereof tenne continued in chaines and two were deliuered with me By this time all things were prepared and made readie for the performance of our pretended Uoyage now being bound to serue in the good Ship called the Santa Lucia with a Frigot and a Tartane well victualled and well manned and chiefely bound to the Riuer of Amazones with other seuerall Riuers the which the Duke would haue inhabited hoping for great store of gaine of Gold but the Countries did affoord no such thing as hereafter shall be spoken of Upon this Uoyage we were fouretéene moneths making little gaine or benefit for the Duke for there was nothing to be gained Now are we homewards bound and recouering the straits againe being within three or foure dayes sayle of our owne Port Ligorne in the night season we met with an English Pirate who would haue taken vs but was not able yet held vs fight all the whole night and kild vs a man and hurt other two whereof one was an Englishman who died within two dayes after we recouered Ligorne and being dead I went to the Captaine and demaunded of him where he should be buried but he ●ad him goe aske of one father Sherwood an Englishman so he told mée that if he were a Romane Catholike they would burie him in the Church but if he were not I should bury him out in the fields But yet for my better assurance I went and asked of the Friers of the Misericordia who also gaue their aduise and counsell that he should be buried in the fields because he was no Romane Catholike whereupon I buried him in this manner I intreated the company of many Englishmen that were Protestants to helpe me to shroud him and also to accompany me to the burying of him which they did in this manner We put him vpon a Beare being shrowded with a couering ouer him and carried by foure men many Englishmen that were Protestants followed him bearing euery man a branch of Rosemary in his hand to the place where we buried him reading Prayers ouer him after the English manner His name that was buried was Erasmus Lucas and borne in Southwarke néere vnto London Two daies being spent after his buriall was sought for by an Italian Fryer who finding of me demaunded of me my name which presently I told him then he replied thou art he that I looke for for thou hast buried a good Christian and a Romane Catholike out

Bread or Salt or any kinde of drinke but Water and Tobacco neither doe they know what it meanes In these Countries we could finde neither Gold nor Siluer Dare but great store of Hennes For I haue bought a couple for a Jewes Harpe when they would refuse ten shillings in mo●ey This Countrey is full of delicious fruit as ●ynes Plantins Euaues and Potato rootes of which fruits and rootes I would haue bought a mans burthen for a glasse Button or Bead. The manner of their lodging is this they haue a kinde of net made of the rinde of a Tree which they ●●ll Haem●c being thrée fadome in length and two in breadth and gathered at both ends at length then fastning eyther end to a Trée to the full length about a yard and halfe from the ground when he hath desire to sléepe hée créepes vnto it The King of euery Riuer is knowne by this manner He wear●s vpon his head a Crowne of Parats feathers of seue●al●●●o●●s hauing eyther about his middle or about his necke ● chaine of Lyons teeth or clawes or of some other strange ●●a●● hauing a woo●●en sword in his hand and hereby is he knowne to be the King Oftentimes one King warres against another in their Canowes which are Boats cut out of a whole Trée and sometimes taking one another the Conquerers eates the Captines By this time ten wéeks were spent and being homewards bound but not the same way that we came for we sayled vnto the Riuer before the winde because it blowes there continually one way which forces all ships that come thither to returns by a contrary way VII The Description and discouery of Malta MAlta is a small Iland very famous hauing two Cities vpon it called Terra-noua and Terra-vecha being s●ituate very néere one another This Iland is gouerned by a great Master who acknowledgeth no Superiour vpon earth but the Pope to be Supreame head of the Church The great Master liues in Terra-noua which is a great Citie lying close vpon the Sea marueilous strongly fortified and planted with Ordnance the like is not in Christendom for the Turke hath oftentimes sought to take it with two or thrée hundred sayle of Gallies at a time but yet was neuer able to take any part of it To this Iland doth there belong Gallies though they be but few to the number of sixe or eight sayle and also shipping wherewith they doe much offend the Turke taking of them very often and making them slaues In this Iland they hold the Romish Religion both men and women their women are altogether lasciuious and lewdly giuen but there men are valiant Gentlemen and worthy men at armes they are of all Nations of Christendome speaking generally all languages also they haue an ancient order of Knighthood sworne by the Crosse of Saint Iohn which is a forked white Crosse which they weare vpon their breasts to be knowne to be C●u●liers and Knights of Malta The manner of their Oath of Knighthood is this that they shall neuer marry by reason they shall neuer haue Children legitimate for there are many Lords and Noble men sent thither by their Uncles to be Knighted because they shall neuer marry whereby after his death his lands shall come to his Uncles issue yet they are suffered to haue as many whores as they will Another part of their oath is this A Knight of Malta is sworne not to stand in place where two thrée or foure are vpon one in fight but to take the weaker part to fight to the last They are all of bold courage being to the number of fiue thousand or there abouts in Malta and other Christian places another part of their oaths is this by Land or Sea whether it be in ship or Gally they are sworne to incounter their aduersaries though they be thrée to one and neuer to yéeld or slip away for they are sworne to fight it to the last mans death The which oath they performe very couragiously for they are Gentlemen of very great respect neyther will they euer fall out amongst themselues being forbidden by another part of their oath As for their maintenance the poorer sort haue a pention from the great master which maintains him very gallant and the richer sort liue vpon their owne charge One thing there is strange in that Iland those that are borne without the cities speak altogether the Morisco tongue being altogether like Moores This Iland is very plentifull and fruitful of all things especially Wine Corne Fish Flesh and Fruits These Knights are very mercifull hauing their aduersaries prostrate greatly regarding their Oath VIII The Description and discouery of Cyprus CYprus is a famous Iland of the Turks hauing two Cities and many Townes vpon it The chiefest Citie vpon it is Famagosta this Citie lies close vpon the Sea in low ground being very strongly fortified walled about and gouerned by Turkes holding their owne Religion belieuing and confessing God the Father and their Prophet Mahomet doing all things contrary to a Christian yet though they doe not acknowledge Christ to be the Son of God and a God yet they say he is the breath of God and by the Jewes put to death but they doe not beléeue that he is risen again They hate a Jew aboue any nation euen as they do the diuel neither do they care to kill him no more then they doe a dog oftentimes killing them in the very stréets vpon the least occasion if it be but for touching his garment as he passeth by him yet their liues many Jewes in all parts of the Turkes dominions but in this manner They will suffer neither man woman nor childe to plucke vp their shoes on their héele if they be Jewes but goe alwaies slipsh●d and barelegd wearing a blacke cap vpon his head and carrying of a buckram sack vpon his shoulders empty to shew that he is a Jew a slaue to the world In this Iland of Cyprus without the Cities and Towns the Countrey is inhabited by Greeks liuing vassals to the Turks paying to the Turke the tenth of all that they possesse euen to the tenth of their children if they amount to that number and that tenth childe is Circumciled and made a Turke receiuing an Osper a day from the great Turke for the first yéers and for the second two and for the third thrée per diem and so his pay increaseth an Osper yéerely as he groweth in yéeres for he is chosen from his infancy to be a Souldier of the great Turkes and so shall all his male children receiue the like pay and be Souldiers to the Turke their garments being welt●d about the necke with a welt of purple silk wherby they are known from others This Osper is the eleueuth of a shilling English So that at twentie yéeres of age he serues in the field his pay being worth ninteen pence a day and so increasing with his yeeres This Iland of Cyprus is very fruitfull

the Iland and 〈…〉 〈…〉 the space of thrée houres twentie dozens of Pidgions 〈…〉 with vs. Betwixt the Maine and this Iland there is very good riding for a Shippe Also the Moores will bring out ●● the Maine Land such Uictuals as they haue to re●●●●e o●r wants as Mutton Beefe ●c The Moores of this Countr●● are very deceitfull and trecherous their cloathing is but very naked and thinne for they weare but one slat of thin●● F●an●●● wherewith they couer their brests backs and p●●u●e parts and as for their armes legs and thighes they ●●e na●ed of them the sayd Garment or piece of Flane●l they call ● Barnoose In this Countrey of Barbary there is great store of Sugar-canes and Sugar made as they in Braz●e Sometimes in this Countrey there is Amber-grease found but the cunning of the Moores makes a great deale counterfaite I came to this Iland in a Carnell of Plymouth Master Edward Decon of the saide Towne being Master of her Moores comming oftentimes aboord of vs where they were kindly entertayned but they returned our kindnesse in this manner Setting of the chiefest with many more of them ashorem our Boate wherein sixe English men rowed them ashore they being all a Land our Boat was aground then one of our men stept out of the Boat vp to the knées in water and by strength would haue set the Boate off from the Land which as ●oone as they espyed him out of the Boate they tooke h●●d of him and drew him a Land where they cut all his cloathes off his backe and deuided them in péeces amongst them carrying the man starke naked vp into the Countrey saying tha●●e should neuer haue him againe except they had twentie French Crownes for his ransome which newes the Boace brought presently aboord which being in vaine to st●●●e with them ●ée gaue them and receiued the man naked hauing no further dealing with them XI The Description and discouery of Candy CAndy is a famous Iland of the Venetians very fruitfull yeelding great store of Wine and Oyle and all other things plentifull This Iland is very high and long poynting East and West the North-side of it very pleasant with great store of Gardens and Uineyards and such like but very barren to the Southward-side with great Rocks Cliffs and Mountaynes which part is inhabited by poore Gréekes and also there are many small Ilands vnder these Cliffs inhabited likewise by Gréekes as Christiana and Godza with others more These Gréekes liue all together in bondage to the Uenetians The North-side of this Iland is inhabited by Italians and some Jewes There are two very fayre Cities viz. Candia and Acony these Cities are inhabited most with Uenetians strongly fortified and planted with Ordnance These Cities lye right against the entring of the Arches of Appellican which goeth to Constantinople where the Great Turke continues receiuing tribute of the Duke of Venice for this Iland and other parts for the Uenetian is tributary to the Great Turke Also the Great Turke kéepes him in subiection by Land and Sea neither dare the Uenetian ioyne their forces with any Christian at any time whensoeuer a Fléete of Gallies and Shipps is set forth against the Turke yet the Duke of Uenice hath twise as many Gallies as any Christian Prince whatsoeuer which he doth employ some of them in Marchandize hauing continuall trading both with Christian and Turke and some of his Gallies continually lieth about the entring of the Gulph of Venice about the Iland of Zant and Saphlany and the small Iland of the Strauales and néere about Madona these parts doe they defend from any Christian men of warre or Christian Gallies or eyther Gallies or Briggantéens of the Turkes that shall approach néere vnto these parts in the manner and fashion of men of Warre and oftentimes the sayd Gallies doe take both Christian and Turke making Slaues of the men or else chopping off of their heads for it is lawfull for him so to doe by the conclusion betwixt Him the Christian and Turke taking them within twentie leagues compasse of the entrance of his Gulph but not in any other part of the Sea without the said compasse XII The Description of Morria MOrria is a small low Iland lying in the Riuer of Amazones the highest part of the West Indies This Iland is altogether inhabited by Women hauing no Mankinde amongst them they goe altogether naked vsing Bow and Arrowes for the killing of their owne foode the hayre of their heads is long and their Brests hang low and whereas many here in England doe imagine that they haue the right Brest seared or cut off it is no such matter as now what hath béene in times past I know not for this of mine owne knowledge I haue seene fortie fiftie or threescore of them together each of them bearing Bow and Arrowes in their hands going along by the Sea-side and when they espyed a Fish they shoote at it and strike it and so throwing downe their Bowes they leap into the water after their Arrowes and bring the Fish aland fastned to the Arrow and ●o in all other things as well the dressing of their meate as their lodging and customes they resemble and imitate the Indians of the Riuer of Amazons as you heard before in that discourse But some ●● these Women doe vse to beare their Children vpon their backs in this manner They take a yeere of the unde of ● Trée and with the one end thereof they fasten the Childes hunmes and about the arme-pits and shoulders with the other and so hang him on their backs like a Tinkers Budger and cast vp the brest to him ouer the shoulder The reason wherefore this Iland is inhabited by Women onely ●s this One Moneth in the yéere the Men from each side of the Maine Land comes in their Canowes ouer to the Iland euery Man matching himselfe with a Woman liuing there a Moneth and what men Children they finde there they carry away with them and the Woman Children they leaue behinde with the Mothers And this is their vse once a yéere whereby this Iland is altogether inhabited by Women There is one thing more to be wondred at that I haue also séene that is to say very good Oysters and Muskles growing vpon trées for I haue eaten my part of many an hundred of them And for your better vnderstanding how they grow you shall know that the Trées stand néere the Sea side and at euery full tyde the bowes hang into the Sea a fadome or a fadome and a halfe so that when the tyde goeth out they are found hanging in great clusters vpon the branches like Barnacles to the side of a ship and at the comming in of the tyde they receiue their moysture FINIS The Conclusion of the Booke to the Reader THus farre gentle Reader I thought good out of my slender capacitie to acquaint thée with a briefe and plaine discourse of my Trauell which though it