there_o to_o this_o day_n the_o rate_n be_v very_o moderate_a chap._n 2._o of_o the_o province_n in_o particular_a and_o first_o of_o those_o of_o the_o south_n this_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n south_n and_o north_n and_o both_o these_o subdivide_v into_o fifteen_o province_n as_o be_v abovesaid_a to_o this_o southern_a part_n belong_v nine_o which_o be_v cantone_n quamsi_n yunnam_n fukien_n kiamsi_fw-it suchuem_fw-la utquam_fw-la chekiam_fw-la nankim_n we_o will_v treat_v of_o these_o in_o this_o chapter_n and_o of_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o next_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v distinct_o speak_v of_o they_o in_o the_o same_o order_n that_o we_o have_v name_v they_o cantone_n be_v the_o first_o and_o lie_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o south_n that_o be_v proper_o name_v quantum_fw-la it_o be_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o twenty_o three_o degree_n it_o be_v large_a rich_a and_o abound_v in_o wheat_n and_o rice_n of_o these_o it_o produce_v each_o year_n two_o harvest_n though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v of_o a_o several_a grain_n there_o be_v store_n of_o sugar_n copper_n and_o tin_n material_n which_o they_o work_v with_o great_a variety_n into_o innumerable_a sort_n of_o vessel_n as_o also_o work_v make_v with_o charam_n a_o excellent_a varnish_n and_o with_o guild_v some_o whereof_z be_v transport_v into_o europe_n the_o jesuit_n in_o this_o province_n have_v two_o residency_n with_o their_o church_n and_o house_n which_o perish_v by_o reason_n of_o several_a persecution_n as_o you_o shall_v find_v hereafter_o the_o people_n be_v able_a mechanic_n and_o though_o of_o small_a invention_n yet_o they_o imitate_v excellent_o whatsoever_o they_o find_v invent_v to_o the_o city_n call_v also_o cantone_n though_o the_o proper_a name_n thereof_o be_v guamcheufu_n the_o portugess_n go_v twice_o every_o year_n with_o their_o merchandise_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o macao_n a_o hundred_o and_o five_o mile_n and_o macao_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o first_o island_n and_o from_o the_o great_a city_n of_o that_o empire_n fifty_o four_o the_o circumference_n thereof_o be_v 15_o good_a mile_n the_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n thither_o be_v very_o great_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v more_o people_v than_o many_o of_o the_o other_o city_n the_o most_o and_o best_a commodity_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v bring_v thither_o because_o it_o be_v the_o most_o open_a and_o free_a seat_n of_o trade_n in_o that_o nation_n and_o to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o six_o neighbour_a kingdom_n from_o whence_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n be_v bring_v thither_o as_o well_o by_o native_n as_o stranger_n only_o that_o which_o the_o portugess_n take_v in_o for_o india_n giappone_v and_o manila_n come_v one_o year_n with_o another_o to_o five_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o chest_n of_o several_a silk_n stuff_n each_o chest_n include_v 100_o piece_n of_o the_o most_o substantial_a silk_n as_o velvet_n damask_n and_o satin_n of_o the_o slight_a 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and_o that_o sweet_a wood_n which_o the_o portugese_n call_v rose-wood_n and_o the_o native_n hoalim_fw-la and_o other_o thing_n of_o less_o importance_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o cantone_n the_o province_n of_o quamsi_n extend_v itself_o to_o the_o latitude_n of_o 25_o degree_n it_o enjoy_v the_o same_o climate_n without_o any_o considerable_a difference_n so_o that_o it_o have_v nothing_o particular_a which_o be_v notable_a and_o be_v count_v the_o second_o province_n yunnam_n be_v the_o three_o and_o lie_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 24_o degree_n and_o be_v the_o further_a distant_a of_o any_o from_o the_o centre_n of_o china_n it_o be_v a_o great_a country_n but_o have_v little_a merchandise_n i_o know_v not_o any_o thing_n be_v bring_v from_o thence_o unless_o it_o be_v that_o matter_n whereof_o they_o make_v the_o bead_n for_o chapplet_n which_o in_o portugal_n they_o call_v alambras_fw-la and_o in_o castille_n ambares_n and_o be_v like_o amber_n they_o be_v count_v good_a against_o the_o catarrh_n it_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o mine_n and_o sometime_o in_o great_a piece_n it_o be_v red_a than_o our_o amber_n but_o not_o so_o clean_o in_o this_o province_n be_v violate_v that_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o woman_n do_v not_o go_v to_o the_o market_n to_o buy_v or_o sell_v as_o in_o other_o country_n of_o the_o world_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o cantone_n be_v the_o four_o province_n call_v fâ—kieâ—_n or_o by_o another_o name_n chincheo_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 26_o degree_n it_o be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n mountainous_a and_o therefore_o not_o so_o well_o inhabit_v contrary_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o native_n of_o this_o province_n do_v go_v into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o neighbour_a stranger_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o seacoast_n it_o yield_v gold_n good_a sugar_n in_o great_a quantity_n good_a canvas-cloath_n for_o other_o linen_n there_o be_v none_o in_o china_n there_o be_v make_v excellent_a paper_n of_o diverse_a kind_n which_o for_o plenty_n goodness_n and_o cheapness_n be_v very_o remarkable_a they_o make_v use_v of_o print_v no_o less_o convenient_o and_o as_o it_o appear_v more_o ancient_o than_o in_o europe_n although_o not_o in_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n for_o here_o after_o the_o print_n of_o each_o sheet_n the_o letter_n be_v take_v asunder_o there_o they_o carve_v what_o they_o will_v print_v upon_o board_n or_o plate_n so_o that_o the_o book_n be_v still_o preserve_v entire_a in_o their_o work-house_n and_o therefore_o as_o often_o as_o there_o be_v occasion_n they_o can_v reprint_v any_o book_n without_o the_o expense_n of_o new_a set_v the_o letter_n this_o country_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o seaside_n and_o be_v another_o eminent_a port_n from_o whence_o be_v issue_v out_o of_o that_o kingdom_n infinite_a merchandise_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n that_o be_v industrious_a and_o bring_v up_o to_o it_o to_o manila_n giappone_v and_o particular_o to_o the_o island_n formosa_fw-la which_o be_v even_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o land_n for_o with_o a_o a_o good_a wind_n it_o be_v not_o above_o 24_o hour_n voyage_n thither_o where_o they_o trade_n with_o the_o hollander_n there_o be_v two_o house_n and_o church_n there_o belong_v to_o our_o company_n under_o who_o government_n and_o direction_n be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o very_o good_a christian_n who_o have_v about_o ten_o church_n belong_v to_o they_o the_o which_o be_v visit_v by_o we_o very_o diligent_o at_o set_a time_n two_o of_o their_o chief_a church_n be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o fucheu_o which_o be_v their_o metropolis_n another_o in_o the_o city_n of_o cieumchu_n the_o rest_n in_o other_o city_n there_o be_v beside_o many_o particular_a oratory_n the_o island_n formosa_fw-la lie_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 22_o degree_n it_o be_v situate_v between_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n and_o giappone_v before_o you_o come_v thither_o you_o must_v pass_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o island_n name_v liqueu_o the_o length_n of_o this_o island_n be_v 150_o mile_n the_o breadth_n 75._o the_o hollander_n have_v there_o a_o fort_n place_v in_o a_o sandy_a vale_n under_o which_o lie_v the_o port_n which_o be_v encompass_v with_o bank_n of_o sand_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o distinguish_v and_o secure_v by_o certain_a post_n set_v up_o in_o the_o water_n the_o entrance_n will_v be_v very_o difficult_a even_o to_o those_o of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o island_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o spaniard_n have_v a_o fort_n distant_a from_o that_o of_o the_o hollander_n 90_o mile_n by_o sea_n and_o by_o land_n 45_o as_o be_v report_v the_o soil_n of_o the_o island_n be_v so_o fruitful_a that_o it_o produce_v grass_n nine_o or_o ten_o palm_n high_a a_o palm_n be_v nine_o inch_n english_a measure_n where_o the_o hollander_n feed_v their_o cattle_n there_o
the_o three_o gate_n the_o which_o as_o i_o say_v above_o be_v a_o seat_n of_o much_o merchandise_n for_o it_o have_v two_o city_n in_o the_o border_n thereof_o gaucheu_o and_o sucheu_fw-la towards_o the_o west_n as_o machao_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o contone_n towards_o the_o south_n from_o whence_o come_v numerous_a caravan_n of_o above_o a_o thousand_o in_o company_n of_o several_a nation_n and_o province_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n moor_n thus_o far_o come_v brother_n benedict-goes_a to_o seek_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cathaya_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o china_n itself_o who_o voyage_n we_o will_v here_o brief_o relate_v he_o depart_v in_o lent_n the_o year_n 1603_o for_o to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o be_v report_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cathaca_n by_o order_n of_o the_o superior_n of_o india_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mogor_n and_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o laor_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o armenian_a carry_v merchandise_n as_o well_o to_o live_v as_o to_o pass_v with_o the_o more_o facility_n the_o whole_a caravan_n consist_v of_o 500_o person_n for_o the_o most_o part_n saracen_n and_o use_v to_o go_v every_o year_n from_o this_o royal_a city_n to_o another_o in_o another_o kingdom_n name_v cascar_n after_o a_o month_n voyage_n he_o arrive_v at_o a_o city_n name_v athu_n of_o the_o same_o province_n with_o laor_n thence_o in_o two_o month_n and_o a_o half_a to_o passaur_n and_o after_o another_o month_n and_o a_o half_a sometime_o travel_v and_o sometime_o rest_v he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o ghideli_fw-la where_o he_o want_v little_a to_o have_v be_v slay_v by_o thief_n and_o final_o after_o 20_o day_n more_o he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o cabu_n the_o most_o noble_a merchant-towne_n of_o all_o the_o country_n subject_v to_o the_o mogor_n from_o hence_o after_o some_o stay_n he_o pass_v to_o paruám_v the_o last_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mogor_n then_o travel_v for_o 20_o day_n over_o very_o high_a mountain_n he_o come_v to_o calcia_n a_o country_n of_o faire-hayred_n people_n and_o in_o other_o 25_o day_n to_o chema_fw-la where_o he_o be_v force_v to_o stay_v a_o month_n by_o reason_n of_o civil_a broil_n and_o after_o many_o trouble_n and_o danger_n of_o thief_n and_o banditti_z and_o have_v pass_v many_o country_n of_o the_o king_n of_o samarhan_n they_o come_v into_o the_o country_n of_o tengo_n and_o at_o length_n he_o enter_v into_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascár_n call_v tanghesár_n in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n in_o the_o same_o year_n at_o this_o city_n which_o be_v a_o noble_a seat_n of_o merchandise_n for_o those_o kingdom_n the_o caravan_n of_o merchant_n which_o come_v from_o cabull_n end_v their_o voyage_n and_o a_o new_a caravan_n set_v forth_o from_o thence_o to_o go_v to_o china_n but_o our_o brother_n remain_v here_o first_o many_o month_n expect_v the_o time_n of_o their_o departure_n and_o have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n make_v himself_o know_v to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o country_n he_o obtain_v letter_n of_o favour_n and_o recommendation_n to_o all_o place_n whither_o he_o shall_v go_v the_o time_n therefore_o be_v come_v he_o depart_v with_o ten_o horse_n for_o to_o carry_v himself_o his_o companion_n and_o his_o good_n in_o company_n of_o the_o whole_a caravan_n towards_o chathyaya_n thaâ—_n be_v china_n in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n the_o year_n follow_v and_o have_v travel_v 25_o day_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o difficulty_n over_o stone_n and_o sand_n he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o aesu_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascár_n after_o have_v pass_v a_o desert_n call_v caracathai_n that_o be_v black-earth_n and_o go_v through_o many_o city_n at_o length_n he_o come_v to_o a_o city_n call_v cialis_n in_o the_o same_o kingdom_n of_o cascár_n here_o while_o he_o fit_v himself_o for_o his_o journey_n there_o arrive_v merchant_n which_o come_v from_o china_n of_o who_o brother_n benedict_n learn_v some_o tiding_n of_o the_o city_n of_o pekim_n and_o of_o our_o father_n which_o have_v be_v there_o see_v by_o these_o sarasen_a merchant_n so_o that_o he_o be_v satisfy_v that_o cathaya_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o china_n and_o the_o royal_a city_n name_v by_o the_o saracen_n gambalú_fw-it be_v pekim_n from_o this_o city_n of_o cialis_n benedict_n depart_v with_o a_o few_o in_o company_n come_v in_o twenty_o day_n to_o pucian_n and_o afterward_o to_o turphan_n arâ—muth_n and_o camul_fw-la the_o last_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cialis_n from_o camul_fw-la after_o nine_o day_n journey_n they_o come_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o china_n at_o a_o placc_fw-la call_v chiacuon_n and_o so_o have_v entrance_n into_o china_n which_o he_o seek_v under_o the_o name_n of_o cathaya_n except_v therefore_o eleven_o day_n journey_n which_o be_v through_o a_o country_n people_v by_o tartar_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o voyage_n be_v through_o country_n inhabit_v by_o moor_n or_o mahumetan_n now_o to_o return_v to_o our_o story_n with_o these_o caravan_n come_v ambassador_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o moor_n send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n make_v every_o three_o year_n a_o small_a embassy_n in_o respect_n both_o of_o the_o person_n and_o the_o present_n and_o every_o five_o year_n a_o great_a one_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o caravan_n remain_v in_o the_o two_o abovenamed_a city_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o frontier_n traffic_v there_o with_o their_o merchandise_n the_o other_o go_v to_o comply_v with_o their_o charge_n and_o to_o offer_v the_o present_a in_o the_o name_n of_o five_o king_n which_o be_v the_o king_n of_o rheum_n arabia_n camul_n eamarcan_a tursan_n the_o first_o four_o know_v nothing_o of_o this_o embassy_n the_o five_o although_o he_o know_v of_o it_o do_v not_o make_v the_o present_a nor_o send_v the_o embassy_n but_o have_v only_o this_o advantage_n that_o he_o name_v the_o ambassador_n the_o present_a be_v make_v by_o the_o merchant_n among_o themselves_o &_o these_o come_n to_o the_o viceroy_n of_o those_o part_n the_o king_n have_v advice_n give_v he_o of_o their_o arrival_n by_o a_o paper_n call_v a_o memorial_n or_o petition_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v leave_v from_o the_o court_n and_o that_o their_o name_n be_v enrol_v there_o depart_v 40._o or_o 50._o of_o they_o beside_o many_o more_o add_v to_o they_o who_o to_o have_v leave_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o kingdom_n to_o trade_n &_o to_o eat_v at_o the_o king_n expense_n give_v the_o captain_n a_o bribe_n of_o about_o a_o hundred_o or_o sixscore_a crown_v a_o man_n there_o go_v a_o long_a with_o they_o a_o mandarine_a who_o entertain_v they_o of_o freecost_n while_o they_o travel_v but_o if_o they_o make_v any_o stay_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n for_o more_o than_o three_o month_n space_n the_o king_n expense_n cease_v but_o not_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o traffic_n for_o all_o that_o while_o they_o follow_v their_o merchandise_n the_o merchandise_n which_o they_o bring_v be_v salt_n armoniak_a fine_a azure_a fine_a linen_n carpet_n call_v raisin_n knife_n and_o other_o small_a thing_n the_o best_a and_o great_a commodity_n be_v a_o certain_a stone_n call_v yaca_n which_o they_o bring_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o yauken_n the_o worst_a be_v of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n the_o fine_a be_v green_a it_o have_v be_v of_o great_a price_n former_o in_o china_n and_o be_v still_o of_o good_a value_n they_o make_v thereof_o diverse_a sort_n of_o jewel_n for_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o head_n and_o it_o be_v much_o use_v in_o the_o palace_n the_o girdle_n which_o the_o king_n give_v to_o the_o colai_n be_v embroider_v with_o the_o fine_a sort_n thereof_o which_o not_o other_o be_v allow_v to_o use_v in_o this_o ornament_n that_o which_o they_o carry_v back_o in_o exchange_n of_o their_o commodity_n be_v porcelain_n ruby_n musk_n raw-silk_n silk-stuffe_n diverse_a other_o rarity_n and_o medicinal_a drug_n as_o rhubarb_n and_o this_o i_o do_v imagine_v be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v transport_v from_o persia_n to_o these_o part_n the_o ambassador_n be_v arrive_v they_o offer_v their_o present_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o thousand_o arrabas_n of_o this_o precious_a stone_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v which_o make_v 1333._o italian_n pound_n whereof_o 300._o pound_n be_v of_o the_o fine_a sort_n 340._o horse_n which_o be_v to_o be_v leave_v upon_o the_o frontier_n 300._o small_a point_a diamond_n twelve_o cat_n of_o fine_a azure_a which_o be_v about_o 100_o italian_n pound_n 600._o knife_n &_o as_o many_o file_n the_o last_o present_a seem_v to_o i_o improper_a to_o be_v present_v to_o a_o king_n jenquird_v what_o use_n the_o king_n make_v of_o they_o but_o i_o can_v not_o meet_v any_o one_o be_v
their_o public_a woman_n call_v vampa_n likewise_o those_o be_v not_o admit_v against_o who_o lie_v any_o tax_n or_o accusation_n of_o ill_a manner_n until_o there_o be_v satisfaction_n give_v of_o their_o amendment_n they_o have_v three_o sort_n of_o degree_n sieveai_n kiugin_n cinfu_n and_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v they_o i_o may_v say_v that_o after_o their_o manner_n they_o be_v answerable_a to_o our_o bachelor_n licentiate_a and_o doctor_n each_o degree_n have_v their_o several_a ensign_n and_o badge_n of_o honour_n those_o that_o be_v only_a student_n and_o have_v take_v no_o degree_n have_v not_o any_o particular_a privilege_n belong_v to_o they_o but_o only_o be_v respect_v as_o gentleman_n and_o the_o people_n honour_v they_o as_o the_o light_n of_o their_o country_n so_o much_o be_v knowledge_n esteem_v among_o they_o who_o know_v how_o to_o honour_v that_o which_o do_v true_o deserve_v esteem_n chap._n 8._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o examination_n and_o how_o their_o degree_n be_v confer_v the_o order_n and_o manner_n that_o the_o chiness_n observe_v in_o their_o examination_n of_o person_n that_o take_v their_o degree_n be_v very_o curious_a it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v that_o in_o these_o examination_n from_o the_o first_o of_o the_o simple_a student_n to_o the_o last_o of_o the_o doctor_n consist_v the_o business_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o on_o these_o depend_v the_o degree_n and_o office_n both_o of_o honour_n and_o profit_n the_o only_a mark_n at_o which_o mortal_n aim_v with_o their_o chief_a attention_n in_o a_o word_n if_o there_o be_v a_o employment_n wherein_o these_o two_o be_v couple_v a_o conjunction_n which_o the_o old_a proverb_n have_v sentence_v to_o be_v very_o difficult_a certain_o it_o be_v this_o we_o will_v begin_v at_o the_o beginning_n that_o be_v what_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o mere_a and_o simple_a student_n before_o the_o examination_n there_o be_v first_o spread_v abroad_o a_o report_n that_o there_o will_v be_v one_o till_o at_o length_n it_o be_v publish_v by_o authority_n because_o the_o degree_n which_o be_v confer_v and_o those_o which_o pretend_v be_v many_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a that_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o chancellor_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o both_o the_o fit_a and_o unfit_a shall_v not_o enter_v at_o that_o examination_n there_o be_v a_o order_n in_o the_o province_n that_o those_o which_o be_v to_o enter_v shall_v be_v prove_v first_o by_o two_o antecedent_n examination_n in_o their_o city_n or_o town_n after_o this_o manner_n every_o judge_n in_o his_o territory_n do_v publish_v a_o examination_n and_o appoint_v a_o day_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o all_o the_o student_n of_o his_o precinct_n and_o because_o sometime_o the_o place_n of_o the_o public_a university_n be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o reception_n of_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n they_o fill_v a_o large_a field_n with_o seat_n and_o table_n and_o there_o the_o examination_n be_v hold_v the_o judge_n give_v the_o point_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v to_o compose_v they_o begin_v in_o the_o morning_n and_o be_v allow_v time_n till_o night_n they_o give_v in_o but_o one_o composition_n and_o when_o they_o have_v finish_v it_o they_o consign_v it_o to_o the_o proper_a officer_n who_o put_v they_o together_o examine_v they_o all_o along_o with_o great_a diligence_n and_o choose_v out_o the_o best_a cause_v the_o name_n of_o their_o composer_n to_o be_v write_v this_o roll_n of_o their_o name_n be_v stick_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o palace_n by_o which_o it_o come_v to_o be_v know_v who_o they_o be_v that_o be_v allow_v to_o pass_v to_o the_o supreme_a examination_n and_o this_o allowance_n they_o call_v have_v a_o name_n in_o their_o village_n the_o composition_n thus_o allow_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o officer_n in_o person_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o same_o do_v all_o the_o judge_n of_o town_n each_o within_o his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o each_o city_n in_o its_o village_n each_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o village_n with_o their_o particular_a judge_n beside_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o all_o the_o student_n of_o the_o country_n that_o have_v be_v already_o allow_v of_o be_v assemble_v together_o enter_v into_o the_o general_a place_n of_o the_o city_n where_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n examine_v they_o again_o and_o give_v they_o a_o new_a point_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v give_v they_o in_o the_o village_n with_o this_o difference_n that_o they_o use_v more_o care_n rigour_n and_o diligence_n and_o admit_v less_o of_o the_o intercession_n of_o friend_n who_o be_v ready_a in_o all_o place_n to_o pervert_v the_o truth_n of_o these_o the_o governor_n choose_v 200_o and_o give_v their_o name_n to_o the_o chancellor_n who_o put_v they_o the_o three_o time_n upon_o the_o same_o examination_n almost_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o choose_v out_o among_o they_o about_o 20_o or_o 25_o upon_o who_o he_o confer_v their_o degree_n so_o that_o be_v sift_v three_o time_n most_o exact_o they_o come_v at_o length_n to_o be_v but_o few_o in_o number_n then_o be_v give_v they_o their_o ensign_n and_o privilege_n with_o a_o advertency_n of_o their_o subordination_n not_o only_o to_o the_o chancellor_n but_o also_o to_o the_o prefect_n who_o be_v two_o in_o each_o city_n and_o be_v call_v hioquon_n that_o be_v mandarines_n of_o the_o science_n their_o office_n be_v to_o observe_v and_o spy_v out_o the_o deportment_n of_o each_o and_o to_o chastise_v those_o that_o behave_v themselves_o amiss_o and_o which_o be_v more_o they_o may_v examine_v they_o a_o new_a if_o they_o please_v and_o as_o often_o as_o they_o think_v good_a the_o chancellor_n be_v bind_v by_o his_o office_n to_o send_v through_o the_o province_n and_o to_o assemble_v within_o the_o city_n all_o the_o ancient_a bachelor_n and_o to_o examine_v they_o to_o find_v whether_o they_o study_v or_o else_o addict_v themselves_o to_o other_o employment_n different_a from_o their_o profession_n he_o reward_v the_o diligent_a and_o castise_v those_o that_o be_v idle_a in_o this_o manner_n when_o they_o be_v all_o gather_v together_o in_o the_o general_a palace_n he_o give_v they_o a_o point_n for_o their_o composition_n the_o which_o be_v end_v their_o paper_n be_v divide_v into_o five_o decury_n or_o class_n to_o those_o of_o the_o first_o he_o give_v praise_n and_o reward_n the_o same_o or_o little_a less_o be_v do_v to_o those_o of_o the_o second_o those_o of_o the_o three_o class_n be_v pass_v by_o in_o silence_n those_o of_o the_o four_o he_o chastise_v those_o of_o the_o last_o class_n he_o deprive_v of_o their_o degree_n privilege_n and_o ensign_n of_o honour_n and_o turn_v they_o back_o to_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o common_a people_n yet_o nevertheless_o with_o liberty_n to_o return_v again_o for_o their_o degree_n to_o their_o examination_n of_o the_o first_o sorâ—_n be_v choose_v the_o able_a to_o the_o number_n of_o 40._o for_o each_o city_n and_o 20_o for_o each_o town_n and_o although_o they_o have_v not_o above_o eight_o crown_n pension_n a_o man_n they_o stand_v the_o king_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o 300000._o crown_n this_o employment_n be_v very_o great_a for_o the_o city_n be_v 444_o the_o village_n 1250._o this_o be_v that_o which_o a_o bachelor_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v to_o obtain_v his_o degree_n let_v we_o now_o see_v what_o be_v require_v of_o a_o licentiate_a the_o examination_n of_o these_o be_v hold_v every_o three_o year_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o each_o province_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n through_o out_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n which_o use_v to_o be_v in_o the_o eight_o moon_n and_o common_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v about_o the_o end_n of_o our_o september_n or_o beginning_n of_o october_n the_o examination_n last_v about_o 25_o or_o 30_o day_n although_o they_o that_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v be_v not_o hold_v to_o it_o above_o three_o day_n only_o and_o those_o be_v the_o nine_o the_o twelve_o and_o the_o fifteen_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a month_n the_o chief_a examiner_n be_v the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n beside_o other_o of_o that_o precinct_n who_o be_v assistant_n to_o they_o but_o above_o all_o the_o precedent_n who_o come_v even_o from_o court_n purposely_o to_o his_o province_n these_o be_v the_o first_o that_o do_v assemble_v in_o the_o general_a palace_n and_o with_o they_o their_o secretary_n notary_n and_o other_o people_n appoint_v both_o for_o their_o guard_n and_o service_n and_o likewise_o physician_n for_o fear_v they_o may_v have_v need_n of_o they_o because_o while_o this_o action_n last_v no_o person_n be_v permit_v to_o come_v
any_o of_o these_o thing_n the_o mandarines_n take_v themselves_o large_a share_n of_o they_o and_o if_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o people_n sacrifice_n such_o as_o be_v the_o head_n of_o family_n it_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o kindred_n the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o people_n after_o they_o have_v make_v their_o offering_n which_o be_v common_o boil_a before_o hand_n take_v up_o every_o thing_n again_o then_o have_v dress_v it_o anew_o according_a to_o their_o fancy_n they_o make_v a_o feast_n with_o it_o where_o it_o be_v all_o eat_v they_o sacrifice_v many_o other_o thing_n as_o banner_n and_o umbrella_n all_o of_o silk_n several_a figure_n mould_v in_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o else_o make_v of_o orpine_n or_o base_a gold_n great_a sum_n of_o money_n make_v of_o cut_a paper_n all_o these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v sell_v ready_o make_v in_o the_o market_n place_n at_o the_o shop_n of_o several_a artificer_n and_o after_o they_o be_v sacrifice_v they_o burn_v they_o all_o every_o man_n offer_v sacrifice_n without_o any_o difference_n they_o have_v no_o determinate_a minister_n appoint_v for_o this_o act_n neither_o indeed_o have_v they_o for_o other_o thing_n as_o for_o office_n or_o divine_a service_n burial_n to_o sing_v and_o officiate_v at_o they_o with_o any_o exactness_n it_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o king_n to_o sacrifice_v to_o heaven_n the_o earth_n sun_n moon_n planet_n and_o star_n and_o if_o any_o other_o shall_v do_v it_o in_o public_a he_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o great_a crime_n for_o this_o end_n they_o have_v two_o most_o famous_a temple_n at_o the_o two_o court_n where_o the_o king_n sacrifice_v at_o the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n spring_n summer_n autumn_n and_o winter_n go_v thither_o himself_o in_o person_n and_o if_o he_o can_v go_v he_o send_v some_o other_o to_o officiate_v in_o his_o stead_n the_o great_a lord_n and_o those_o who_o be_v titelados_n sacrifice_n to_o the_o mountain_n lake_n etc._n etc._n the_o gentleman_n and_o officer_n to_o the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n hill_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o rest_n as_o to_o their_o idol_n their_o household-god_n genij_fw-la or_o tutelar_a angel_n any_o one_o sacrifice_v that_o will_n there_o be_v set_v time_n and_o place_n appoint_v for_o it_o except_o at_o sometime_o they_o do_v accommodate_v themselves_o both_o to_o the_o occasion_n and_o place_n as_o when_o any_o one_o be_v to_o take_v a_o voyage_n by_o water_n he_o offer_v sacrifice_n on_o the_o day_n whereon_o he_o depart_v and_o that_o either_o in_o the_o bark_n or_o on_o the_o next_o shore_n chap._n 20._o of_o the_o militia_n and_o arm_n of_o the_o chiness_n the_o knowledge_n and_o skill_n of_o war_n and_o military_a affair_n be_v very_o ancient_a among_o the_o chiness_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o book_n and_o history_n and_o it_o be_v very_o certain_a that_o they_o have_v conquer_v many_o famous_a kingdom_n it_o be_v also_o common_o believe_v that_o they_o do_v former_o conquer_v ceilan_n and_o near_o to_o that_o place_n in_o the_o city_n of_o nagapatam_fw-la there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n a_o edifice_n or_o building_n which_o they_o call_v the_o pagod_n of_o the_o chiness_n and_o it_o be_v a_o tradition_n among_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o they_o neither_o true_o be_v it_o a_o work_n unfit_a to_o be_v compare_v to_o any_o of_o that_o kingdom_n nevertheless_o their_o book_n make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o it_o but_o that_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a reason_n altogether_o to_o refute_v this_o tradition_n for_o no_o more_o have_v they_o any_o memory_n leave_v in_o their_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_a christianity_n which_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a be_v there_o and_o be_v also_o very_o much_o dilate_v and_o spread_v abroad_o however_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o have_v 114._o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o they_o but_o at_o this_o day_n they_o have_v only_o the_o neighbour_a country_n which_o be_v nothing_o near_o so_o many_o and_o even_o of_o these_o some_o of_o they_o do_v deny_v they_o their_o tribute_n and_o other_o have_v be_v abandon_v by_o the_o chiness_n themselves_o hold_v it_o better_a to_o retire_v themselves_o to_o their_o own_o in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n than_o to_o go_v on_o still_o with_o war_n and_o trouble_n to_o conquer_v or_o maintain_v other_o kingdom_n beside_o the_o conquest_n and_o war_n make_v with_o strange_a kingdom_n they_o have_v have_v war_n also_o for_o many_o year_n in_o their_o own_o country_n so_o that_o beside_o many_o particular_a book_n that_o treat_v thereof_o they_o have_v one_o body_n of_o history_n consist_v of_o ten_o tome_n which_o only_o treat_v of_o the_o war_n of_o those_o time_n of_o their_o captain_n their_o manner_n of_o warfare_n battle_n victory_n and_o other_o thing_n wherein_o be_v many_o notable_a thing_n to_o be_v read_v which_o do_v clear_o demonstrate_v that_o they_o have_v former_o be_v a_o valiant_a and_o warlike_a nation_n although_o there_o be_v but_o few_o such_o at_o this_o time_n the_o occasion_n how_o they_o come_v thus_o to_o grow_v less_o be_v very_o great_a as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o at_o this_o day_n that_o which_o they_o have_v of_o warlike_a in_o the_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o multitude_n which_o be_v very_o great_a for_o beside_o the_o soldiery_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o frontier_n of_o tartary_n and_o in_o the_o armada_n and_o fleet_n which_o be_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n which_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n every_o province_n and_o in_o that_o every_o city_n and_o village_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v a_o proper_a militia_n of_o their_o own_o which_o be_v pay_v by_o they_o and_o command_v by_o their_o own_o captain_n and_o in_o case_n that_o any_o province_n have_v need_n of_o man_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o souldierie_a of_o their_o own_o city_n and_o town_n which_o by_o order_n of_o the_o viceroy_n be_v easy_o bring_v to_o one_o rendezvous_n and_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n for_o they_o on_o the_o frontier_n or_o any_o other_o place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n present_o by_o order_n from_o the_o king_n or_o his_o council_n of_o war_n they_o raise_v the_o soldier_n of_o one_o or_o more_o province_n according_a to_o the_o present_a necessity_n and_o the_o possibility_n of_o the_o province_n all_o of_o they_o not_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v the_o same_o number_n of_o soldier_n these_o soldier_n be_v always_o in_o readiness_n and_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v want_v or_o die_v there_o be_v present_o enough_o in_o the_o same_o town_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_a who_o make_v suit_n for_o the_o employment_n and_o so_o the_o place_n be_v present_o supply_v in_o the_o city_n of_o nankim_n they_o say_v there_o be_v 40000_o soldier_n and_o in_o that_o of_o pekim_n 80000._o and_o throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o father_n matthoeus_fw-la riccius_fw-la affirm_v who_o live_v in_o china_n many_o year_n and_o have_v very_o good_a knowledge_n thereof_o above_o a_o million_o and_o father_n john_n rodriguez_n who_o go_v very_o much_o up_o and_o down_o china_n and_o have_v opportunity_n to_o see_v the_o principal_a place_n thereof_o and_o be_v very_o curious_a say_v that_o he_o find_v by_o diligent_a search_n in_o their_o book_n that_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o all_o the_o city_n and_o village_n thereof_o there_o be_v 594000_o soldier_n and_o on_o the_o great_a wall_n which_o confine_v on_o tartary_n 682888._o and_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o put_v into_o this_o number_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o armado_n that_o guard_v the_o coast_n nor_o will_v this_o number_n seem_v so_o excessive_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o china_n alone_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v much_o more_o populous_a be_v as_o big_a as_o spain_n france_n italy_n germany_n the_o low-countries_n great_a britain_n and_o all_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o it_o in_o all_o this_o multitude_n if_o we_o speak_v of_o they_o who_o guard_v the_o frontier_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o there_o be_v find_v some_o valour_n and_o courage_n and_o they_o have_v sometime_o gallant_o repulse_v the_o tartar_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1596_o when_o the_o giapponess_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v through_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o corea_n without_o find_v any_o resistance_n will_v have_v enter_v china_n which_o they_o come_v on_o purpose_n to_o conquer_v the_o chiness_n repulse_v they_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o man_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o put_v up_o their_o pipe_n and_o return_v home_o without_o do_v any_o thing_n so_o likewise_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o armado_n have_v make_v some_o assault_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v victorious_a but_o if_o we_o speak_v of_o
they_o mean_v sit_v in_o judgement_n upon_o he_o be_v a_o precious_a stone_n the_o magistrate_n every_o year_n make_v they_o a_o public_a banquet_n at_o the_o king_n charge_n with_o royal_a magnificence_n and_o ceremony_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o respect_n show_v thereby_o what_o be_v due_a to_o grey_a hair_n which_o be_v venerable_a not_o only_o for_o their_o year_n but_o also_o for_o their_o virtue_n to_o conclude_v the_o chiness_n have_v their_o book_n full_a of_o sentence_n and_o good_a counsel_n do_v they_o but_o as_o well_o observe_v they_o in_o the_o practice_n as_o they_o keep_v they_o careful_o in_o their_o paper_n i_o will_v only_o repeat_v some_o few_o of_o they_o which_o come_v first_o to_o my_o memory_n in_o do_v service_n to_o our_o master_n and_o old_a man_n the_o principal_a point_n be_v reverence_n and_o courtesy_n we_o must_v hide_v other_o man_n fault_n and_o not_o publish_v our_o own_o perfection_n in_o the_o general_a government_n there_o must_v be_v no_o particular_a affection_n we_o must_v not_o do_v evil_a though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_a nor_o leave_v a_o good_a deed_n undo_v because_o it_o be_v not_o great_a the_o virtuous_a although_o young_a man_n be_v to_o be_v honour_v and_o the_o vicious_a although_o old_a man_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v chap._n 30._o of_o the_o moor_n jew_n and_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v in_o china_n i_o have_v speak_v brief_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n the_o people_n their_o custom_n and_o manner_n as_o well_o as_o i_o have_v be_v able_a in_o regard_n i_o be_o at_o this_o present_a out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o deprive_v of_o the_o use_n of_o their_o book_n out_o of_o which_o i_o may_v have_v take_v many_o thing_n of_o worth_n and_o curiosity_n but_o see_v that_o at_o this_o time_n i_o can_v say_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o any_o thing_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o say_v something_o of_o all_o and_o therefore_o i_o will_v now_o speak_v of_o the_o other_o nation_n who_o live_v among_o they_o in_o describe_v the_o province_n of_o cantone_n i_o say_v that_o the_o island_n of_o haynam_n which_o be_v very_o great_a and_o whole_o appertain_v unto_o china_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o first_o which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o continent_n be_v on_o the_o north_n part_v thereof_o inhabit_v by_o chiness_n and_o govern_v by_o they_o the_o other_o which_o lie_v towards_o the_o south_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o chochin_n china_n be_v inhabit_v by_o a_o barbarous_a people_n who_o have_v their_o particular_a language_n and_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n different_a without_o meddle_v at_o all_o with_o the_o chiness_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o some_o thing_n of_o commerce_n i_o say_v also_o that_o between_o the_o province_n of_o chincheo_n cantone_n and_o kiamsi_n there_o be_v certain_a mountain_n which_o unite_v they_o as_o in_o catalogna_n the_o mountain_n of_o monferrat_n do_v unite_v that_o province_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n and_o how_o within_o those_o mountain_n there_o be_v a_o small_a kingdom_n which_o be_v likewise_o govern_v by_o itself_o not_o admit_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o chiness_n except_o physician_n medicine_n and_o some_o little_a traffic_n beside_o these_o in_o the_o province_n of_o yunnan_n which_o be_v very_o large_a lie_v towards_o the_o south_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 24_o degree_n there_o be_v a_o great_a country_n inhabit_v by_o a_o particular_a people_n who_o use_v another_o language_n and_o other_o custom_n they_o have_v a_o little_a king_n call_v by_o the_o chiness_n thu_n quon_n a_o mandarine_a of_o earth_n they_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n they_o use_v traffic_v and_o live_v in_o peace_n the_o same_o thing_n have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o province_n of_o queen_n ciheu_o where_o in_o the_o confine_n thereof_o there_o be_v a_o people_n who_o have_v their_o particular_a head_n and_o governor_n without_o any_o other_o dependence_n on_o the_o chiness_n than_o the_o investiture_n of_o the_o title_n by_o which_o they_o be_v call_v there_o be_v moreover_o in_o china_n moor_n in_o great_a abundance_n not_o in_o all_o the_o province_n nor_o in_o every_o city_n but_o yet_o in_o the_o more_o principal_a they_o speak_v the_o language_n of_o the_o country_n and_o know_v nothing_o of_o their_o own_o tongue_n a_o few_o word_n only_o except_v they_o be_v acquaint_v also_o with_o many_o thing_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n in_o nankim_n i_o find_v one_o who_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v in_o that_o city_n that_o pronounce_v to_o i_o david_n abraham_n and_o isaac_n as_o distinct_o as_o i_o can_v do_v myself_o in_o their_o physiognomy_n nose_n eye_n beard_n and_o face_n they_o be_v altotogether_o like_o the_o chiness_n they_o be_v merchant_n physician_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v office_n in_o the_o tribunal_n they_o study_v and_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o examination_n and_o come_v many_o time_n to_o be_v mandarines_n but_o not_o of_o the_o great_a one_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o stop_v at_o the_o degree_n of_o licentiate_a common_o where_o they_o live_v there_o be_v beef-shamble_n because_o they_o eat_v no_o pork_n therefore_o wheresoever_o they_o be_v they_o kill_v and_o sell_v beef_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v the_o great_a advantage_n the_o country_n haâ—h_v by_o they_o for_o where_o they_o be_v not_o there_o be_v seldom_o any_o of_o that_o flesh_n to_o be_v sell_v they_o have_v their_o public_a mosches_n allow_v they_o by_o the_o king_n they_o follow_v their_o own_o religion_n but_o not_o very_o exact_o they_o who_o arrive_v at_o the_o degree_n of_o litterato_fw-la or_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o some_o office_n do_v not_o much_o care_n to_o be_v advance_v high_a they_o preserve_v their_o nation_n entire_a by_o marry_v with_o one_o another_o although_o sometime_o they_o take_v chinesse_n woman_n for_o their_o wife_n but_o they_o never_o give_v their_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o the_o son_n of_o chiness_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o in_o china_n the_o wife_n follow_v the_o husband_n she_o be_v bring_v to_o her_o husbands-fathers_n house_n there_o she_o live_v and_o follow_v his_o religion_n therefore_o when_o a_o gentile_a be_v bring_v to_o the_o house_n of_o a_o moor_n she_o become_v a_o moor_n and_o a_o moorish_a woman_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o house_n of_o a_o gentile_a must_v infallible_o become_v a_o gentile_a the_o chiness_n despise_v they_o as_o be_v stranger_n and_o call_v they_o hociteu_n hoci_fw-la hoci_fw-la the_o letter_n with_o which_o they_o write_v their_o name_n have_v no_o other_o signification_n but_o only_o proper_a to_o express_v that_o people_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v very_o angry_a and_o grieve_a when_o they_o be_v call_v by_o it_o the_o name_n by_o which_o they_o call_v themselves_o be_v kia_n muen_o that_o be_v the_o gate_n of_o instruction_n if_o they_o be_v despise_v of_o the_o chiness_n they_o no_o less_o despise_v they_o because_o they_o worship_v idol_n and_o be_v gentile_n and_o thus_o the_o one_o be_v not_o behind_o hand_n with_o the_o other_o in_o the_o city_n of_o nankim_n they_o have_v as_o it_o be_v a_o mount_n of_o piety_n or_o lombard_n with_o which_o they_o help_v only_o those_o of_o their_o nation_n but_o not_o those_o who_o be_v prisoner_n for_o their_o misdeed_n and_o wickedness_n they_o come_v into_o china_n about_o 700_o year_n since_o be_v call_v from_o turquestan_n by_o the_o king_n of_o that_o time_n to_o aid_v he_o against_o a_o rebellion_n that_o be_v then_o in_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o they_o have_v so_o good_a success_n that_o they_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o remain_v there_o be_v allow_v to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n since_o which_o time_n they_o have_v so_o multiply_v that_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v many_o thousand_o of_o they_o afterward_o in_o the_o war_n which_o king_n humh_o have_v with_o the_o tartar_n about_o 300_o year_n since_o they_o take_v his_o part_n and_o come_v in_o to_o his_o assistance_n at_o which_o time_n the_o king_n gain_v the_o victory_n they_o grow_v into_o great_a esteem_n and_o be_v admit_v to_o take_v part_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o the_o entry_n which_o be_v make_v into_o china_n every_o three_o and_o every_o five_o year_n with_o a_o embassy_n and_o present_n to_o the_o king_n and_o though_o they_o be_v all_o moor_n yet_o they_o be_v of_o several_a country_n and_o kingdom_n and_o very_o rare_o any_o of_o they_o remain_v in_o china_n there_o be_v likewise_o jew_n in_o china_n although_o at_o this_o time_n no_o great_a number_n of_o they_o but_o when_o or_o how_o they_o come_v thither_o i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o say_v ancient_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o they_o but_o they_o have_v be_v
commandment_n in_o fine_a the_o business_n go_v so_o well_o and_o so_o contrary_a to_o what_o their_o adversary_n do_v hope_n and_o expect_v and_o so_o much_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o father_n that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v public_o commend_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o very_a gentile_n themselves_o and_o the_o abode_n of_o the_o father_n in_o that_o city_n confirm_v by_o a_o public_a sentence_n and_o draw_v up_o in_o writing_n which_o till_o that_o time_n can_v never_o be_v obtain_v and_o the_o cross_n of_o christ_n triumph_v in_o spite_n of_o all_o the_o devil_n in_o hell_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_o they_o that_o be_v christian_n already_o enjoy_v all_o the_o liberty_n they_o can_v desire_v and_o they_o that_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o turn_v christian_n can_v do_v it_o without_o any_o caution_n or_o secrecy_n and_o true_o there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o that_o prove_v example_n of_o great_a edification_n and_o though_o i_o do_v purposely_o forbear_v to_o mention_v they_o for_o brevity_n sake_n yet_o i_o will_v relate_v one_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o residence_n because_o it_o be_v tell_v i_o by_o the_o same_o christian_n himself_o a_o little_a before_o my_o departure_n for_o europe_n i_o be_v stand_v one_o day_n in_o the_o church_n which_o we_o have_v in_o this_o city_n when_o i_o see_v a_o man_n come_v in_o thither_o to_o say_v his_o prayer_n and_o not_o know_v he_o i_o stay_v till_o he_o come_v out_o and_o then_o i_o ask_v he_o who_o he_o be_v he_o answer_v father_n i_o be_o a_o christian_n and_o be_v bear_v in_o this_o city_n but_o be_o by_o profession_n a_o merchant_n in_o nankim_n and_o at_o certain_a time_n i_o come_v hither_o to_o see_v my_o parent_n &_o then_o i_o come_v to_o church_n according_a to_o my_o duty_n i_o ask_v he_o who_o do_v baptise_v he_o he_o answer_v i_o father_n john_n della_fw-it rocca_n and_o it_o be_v say_v he_o in_o this_o manner_n i_o have_v be_v sickly_a many_o year_n and_o have_v spend_v all_o my_o poor_a fortune_n upon_o the_o physician_n without_o receive_v any_o help_n from_o they_o my_o friend_n use_v to_o visit_v i_o and_o among_o they_o two_o christian_n who_o one_o day_n be_v move_v with_o compassion_n towards_o i_o tell_v i_o that_o i_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o turn_v christian_a and_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o lord_n will_v grant_v i_o my_o health_n i_o answer_v they_o if_o your_o god_n will_v restore_v i_o my_o health_n i_o be_o content_a to_o turn_v christian._n they_o go_v present_o to_o the_o father_n to_o ask_v he_o for_o a_o little_a holy_a water_n to_o give_v i_o to_o drink_v hope_v that_o it_o will_v have_v a_o good_a effect_n but_o the_o father_n answer_v they_o if_o he_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o turn_v christian_a let_v he_o do_v it_o and_o our_o lord_n will_v send_v he_o health_n if_o it_o be_v his_o pleasure_n and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o yet_o at_o least_o let_v he_o take_v care_n of_o the_o health_n of_o his_o soul_n which_o be_v more_o necessary_a than_o that_o of_o the_o body_n as_o for_o miracle_n the_o lord_n do_v they_o only_o when_o he_o please_v and_o if_o upon_o this_o occasion_n he_o shall_v not_o do_v a_o miracle_n then_o will_v that_o gentile_a despise_v and_o undervalue_v our_o religion_n they_o return_v to_o i_o sufficient_o disconsolate_a but_o i_o be_v much_o more_o deject_a when_o i_o hear_v that_o answer_n about_o two_o day_n after_o the_o same_o two_o christian_n be_v with_o i_o there_o come_v in_o another_o call_v peter_n with_o who_o i_o be_v also_o acquaint_v and_o he_o be_v a_o very_a zealous_a and_o fervent_a christian._n they_o tell_v he_o what_o have_v happen_v to_o they_o with_o the_o father_n but_o he_o reply_v what_o need_n have_v we_o of_o the_o father_n for_o this_o matter_n i_o have_v holy_a water_n myself_o at_o home_n let_v we_o give_v he_o some_o of_o it_o and_o i_o hope_v our_o lord_n will_v grant_v he_o his_o health_n he_o go_v present_o home_o and_o fetch_v a_o little_a of_o it_o they_o give_v it_o i_o and_o i_o drink_v it_o and_o not_o long_o after_o i_o perfect_o recover_v and_o that_o which_o many_o medicine_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v in_o so_o many_o year_n the_o holy_a water_n do_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n i_o go_v present_o to_o church_n to_o render_v thanks_o to_o the_o lord_n for_o that_o great_a mercy_n he_o have_v show_v i_o and_o after_o i_o have_v be_v well_o catechise_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o principal_a matter_n of_o our_o holy_a faith_n i_o be_v baptise_a i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o this_o example_n in_o particular_a because_o it_o be_v relate_v to_o i_o by_o the_o person_n himself_o to_o who_o it_o happen_v although_o there_o never_o want_v many_o other_o of_o the_o like_a kind_n wherewith_o the_o lord_n do_v favour_v that_o church_n strengthen_v the_o christian_n and_o comfort_v the_o preacher_n thereof_o the_o residence_n of_o nankim_n do_v this_o while_n enjoy_v a_o perfect_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n and_o the_o father_n gain_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o credit_n and_o reputation_n and_o be_v much_o esteem_v by_o several_a of_o the_o magistrate_n who_o do_v great_o favour_v they_o the_o number_n and_o devotion_n of_o the_o faithful_a increase_v every_o day_n and_o for_o the_o great_a help_n thereof_o there_o be_v found_v a_o congregation_n of_o the_o b._n virgin_n with_o those_o effect_n and_o fruit_n which_o be_v usual_o obtain_v by_o she_o diverse_a person_n of_o very_a considerable_a quality_n do_v present_v themselves_o to_o receive_v holy_a baptism_n among_o who_o kui_n tai_n zo_n be_v one_o who_o indeed_o be_v worthy_a of_o all_o praise_n for_o the_o great_a pain_n he_o take_v in_o this_o city_n to_o assist_v the_o father_n and_o for_o the_o many_o advantage_n he_o gain_v they_o by_o his_o authority_n this_o man_n notwithstanding_o that_o he_o be_v our_o intimate_a friend_n do_v still_o persist_v in_o his_o heathenism_n and_o although_o he_o commend_v our_o holy_a law_n and_o approve_v the_o truth_n and_o certainty_n thereof_o yet_o he_o think_v it_o very_o troublesome_a to_o observe_v a_o conceit_n which_o do_v usual_o withhold_v very_o many_o from_o the_o undertake_n of_o it_o but_o at_o length_n have_v overcome_v himself_o and_o all_o other_o difficulty_n he_o be_v baptise_a and_o call_v ignatius_n make_v his_o confession_n and_o public_a profession_n so_o resolute_a and_o devout_o that_o he_o do_v much_o comfort_n the_o father_n and_o encourage_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o faithful_a neither_o be_v he_o content_v only_o to_o recite_v it_o but_o give_v it_o in_o write_v as_o a_o pledge_n of_o his_o determinate_a resolution_n the_o which_o for_o the_o public_a edification_n i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o insert_v in_o this_o place_n and_o it_o say_v thus_o kui_fw-la ignatius_n bear_v in_o the_o second_o moon_n of_o the_o year_n call_v ciea_n which_o be_v about_o the_o month_n of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1549_o in_o the_o city_n of_o ciancieu_n of_o the_o country_n of_o sucieu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o nankim_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o yamin_n for_o so_o they_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n i_o be_v draw_v by_o a_o profound_a consideration_n and_o move_v by_o a_o most_o sensible_a sorrow_n for_o my_o sin_n do_v desire_n to_o ask_v pardon_n of_o almighty_a god_n that_o he_o may_v give_v i_o the_o save_a water_n of_o baptism_n for_o to_o cancel_v they_o and_o that_o he_o will_v grant_v i_o sufficient_a grace_n to_o enter_v into_o his_o most_o holy_a law_n i_o consider_v with_o myself_o that_o be_v now_o 57_o year_n of_o age_n i_o have_v have_v eye_n all_o this_o while_n and_o yet_o have_v never_o look_v into_o his_o holy_a law_n i_o have_v have_v ear_n and_o yet_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o his_o sacred_a name_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n have_v follow_v the_o sect_n of_o scechia_n which_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o very_a famous_a idol_n and_o although_o i_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v repugnant_a both_o to_o truth_n and_o reason_n i_o do_v very_o much_o enlarge_v and_o spread_v abroad_o that_o superstition_n the_o which_o i_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v my_o very_a great_a fault_n and_o almost_o infinite_a sin_n which_o without_o doubt_n do_v deserve_v no_o less_o than_o the_o low_a depth_n of_o hell_n of_o late_a year_n it_o be_v my_o good_a fortune_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o master_n of_o the_o truth_n who_o come_v from_o the_o great_a west_n mattheus_fw-la riccius_fw-la and_o lazarus_n catanaeus_n together_o with_o their_o companion_n sebastian_n fernandes_n these_o be_v the_o first_o that_o do_v open_a unto_o i_o the_o mystery_n of_o divine_a truth_n and_o now_o again_o of_o late_a i_o meet_v with_o john_n della_n rocca_n and_o his_o companion_n frances_n martinez_n these_o do_v confirm_v i_o
first_o therefore_o the_o prefect_n or_o governor_n war_n do_v abuse_v the_o merchant_n tartar_n of_o niuche_n when_o they_o come_v into_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o province_n confine_v next_o to_o they_o then_o again_o when_o the_o king_n of_o niuche_n will_v have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o another_o king_n of_o the_o tartar_n cause_n they_o hinder_v this_o marriage_n by_o represent_v some_o pretend_a reason_n of_o state_n and_o final_o when_o the_o king_n of_o niuche_n suspect_v nothing_o from_o they_o he_o conceive_v his_o friend_n cause_n they_o take_v he_o by_o deceit_n and_o kill_v he_o perfidious_o wherefore_o to_o revenge_v these_o injury_n china_n the_o king_n son_n gather_v a_o strong_a army_n and_o take_v his_o time_n find_v mean_n to_o get_v over_o the_o great_a wall_n i_o mention_v and_o the_o great_a river_n be_v freeze_v he_o present_o set_v upon_o the_o great_a city_n kaiyven_v or_o as_o other_o call_v it_o taxum_fw-la which_o lie_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o tartary_n which_o he_o take_v in_o the_o year_n mdcxvi_o from_o this_o city_n he_o write_v a_o letter_n in_o tartarian_a character_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n china_n which_o though_o write_v in_o barbarian_a character_n yet_o contain_v nothing_o barbarous_a by_o this_o letter_n which_o he_o send_v by_o one_o of_o their_o indian_a priest_n who_o they_o call_v lama_n in_o a_o very_a humble_a and_o submissive_a manner_n he_o declare_v to_o he_o that_o he_o have_v invade_v his_o country_n to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n but_o yet_o that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o restore_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o depose_v his_o arm_n if_o his_o complaint_n may_v be_v hear_v and_o satisfaction_n give_v he_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n call_v vanley_n have_v receive_v this_o letter_n though_o otherwise_o of_o a_o eminent_a wisdom_n and_o of_o as_o great_a experience_n yet_o be_v now_o break_v with_o age_n in_o this_o business_n seem_v to_o have_v proceed_v with_o less_o prudence_n than_o that_o which_o accompany_v the_o former_a action_n of_o his_o life_n for_o think_v it_o not_o to_o be_v a_o business_n of_o that_o moment_n as_o that_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v treat_v before_o he_o in_o his_o own_o court_n he_o remit_v it_o to_o the_o chief_a governor_n and_o commander_n and_o these_o man_n puff_v up_o with_o their_o usual_a pride_n think_v it_o not_o fit_a so_o much_o as_o to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o barbarian_a king_n but_o resent_v it_o very_o high_o that_o he_o dare_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o complain_v to_o the_o emperor_n of_o any_o injury_n receive_v the_o tartarian_a king_n king_n see_v they_o vouchsafe_v no_o answer_n to_o his_o just_a demand_n turn_v his_o anger_n into_o rage_n vow_v to_o celebrate_v his_o father_n funeral_n with_o the_o life_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o tartar_n when_o any_o man_n of_o quality_n die_v to_o cast_v into_o that_o fire_n which_o consume_v the_o dead_a corpse_n as_o many_o servant_n woman_n and_o horse_n with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n as_o may_v be_v fit_a to_o attend_v and_o serve_v they_o in_o the_o next_o life_n though_o now_o since_o they_o conquer_v china_n they_o have_v leave_v off_o this_o barbarous_a custom_n be_v reprehend_v and_o correct_v for_o it_o by_o the_o chiness_n themselves_o take_v after_o this_o superstitious_a vow_n advance_v his_o revenge_a arm_n he_o besiege_v leaotung_v which_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaoyang_n with_o 50000._o man_n but_o the_o city_n be_v defend_v by_o exceed_v many_o man_n who_o general_o be_v all_o arm_a with_o musket_n the_o tartar_n have_v nothing_o but_o their_o scimitar_n with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n which_o they_o discharge_v with_o strange_a dexterity_n and_o art_n but_o because_o they_o chief_o fear_v the_o musket_n bullet_n musket_n they_o resolve_v by_o a_o stratagem_n to_o make_v that_o unknown_a instrument_n less_o hurtful_a to_o they_o than_o their_o enemy_n do_v imagine_v for_o the_o tartarian_a king_n command_v such_o as_o make_v the_o first_o onset_n to_o carry_v a_o thick_a hard_a board_n for_o their_o shield_n which_o be_v as_o good_a to_o they_o as_o a_o wooden_a wall_n these_o man_n be_v second_v by_o other_o company_n who_o carry_v ladder_n to_o climb_v up_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o horse_n come_v up_o in_o the_o rear_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o set_v upon_o the_o city_n in_o four_o quarter_n and_o receive_v the_o discharge_n of_o their_o musket_n against_o his_o wooden_a wall_n then_o in_o a_o moment_n the_o scaling-ladder_n be_v apply_v before_o they_o can_v charge_v again_o they_o be_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o enter_v the_o city_n for_o such_o be_v the_o quickness_n and_o nimbleness_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o which_o they_o excel_v all_o nation_n and_o in_o which_o also_o they_o place_v their_o chief_a art_n that_o in_o a_o trice_n they_o either_o prevail_v in_o their_o design_n or_o retire_v and_o the_o little_a skill_n the_o chiness_n have_v in_o the_o use_n of_o musket_n be_v no_o small_a hindrance_n to_o the_o war_n for_o the_o tartar_n quickness_n and_o nimbleness_n not_o give_v they_o time_n to_o charge_v again_o be_v astonish_v with_o the_o sudden_a inundation_n of_o arm_a man_n they_o present_o flee_v which_o way_n soever_o they_o can_v but_o be_v pursue_v by_o the_o swift_a tartarian_a horse_n most_o of_o they_o perish_v in_o the_o take_n of_o this_o great_a city_n take_v this_o city_n be_v take_v the_o tartar_n like_o a_o torrent_n overrun_v many_o other_o of_o less_o note_n but_o among_o other_o he_o take_v that_o noble_a city_n evamgn_v and_o overrun_v most_o speedy_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o leaotung_n he_o enter_v the_o province_n of_o pekin_n and_o come_v within_o seven_o league_n of_o the_o very_a imperial_a city_n he_o dare_v not_o advance_v fear_v the_o enemy_n may_v compass_v or_o surround_v he_o because_o he_o hear_v that_o a_o world_n of_o man_n come_v in_o to_o help_v their_o distress_a prince_n but_o the_o tartar_n strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o the_o country_n he_o have_v pass_v as_o both_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n quit_v their_o house_n leave_v the_o empty_a wall_n to_o the_o tartarian_n possession_n know_v the_o tartar_n to_o have_v that_o custom_n and_o practice_n to_o destroy_v and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n that_o do_v resist_v to_n and_o only_o pillage_v the_o city_n that_o submit_v leave_v the_o citizen_n alive_a and_o treat_v they_o courteous_o by_o which_o mean_v have_v collect_v a_o world_n of_o riches_n he_o return_v to_o leaotung_v victorious_a and_o because_o his_o soothsayer_n have_v persuade_v he_o that_o the_o stand_n of_o the_o old_a wall_n be_v unfortunate_a he_o beat_v they_o down_o and_o compass_v it_o about_o with_o new_a fortify_v they_o with_o new_a munition_n and_o there_o proclaim_v himself_o emperor_n of_o china_n 1618._o for_o although_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v take_v nothing_o of_o china_n but_o only_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o eastern_a country_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n yet_o in_o his_o hope_n &_o aspire_a thought_n he_o have_v devour_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n wherefore_o he_o be_v call_v in_o the_o china_n language_n theienmingus_fw-la in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v in_o that_o of_o one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o and_o eighteen_o in_o this_o year_n some_o in_o authority_n about_o the_o emperor_n vanley_n demand_v the_o banishment_n of_o the_o priest_n who_o do_v then_o preach_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o that_o nation_n but_o the_o emperor_n who_o in_o his_o heart_n love_v christanity_n and_o those_o particular_o that_o first_o plant_v that_o religion_n among_o they_o give_v no_o ear_n for_o a_o long_a while_n to_o their_o demand_n but_o at_o length_n overcome_v by_o the_o importunity_n of_o a_o chief_a commander_n who_o have_v ever_o be_v a_o sore_a enemy_n to_o christian_a religion_n and_o be_v call_v xinchio_n it_o be_v ordain_v and_o proclaim_v that_o all_o those_o father_n that_o do_v propagate_v christian_n religion_n shall_v be_v banish_v the_o kingdom_n upon_o which_o some_o of_o they_o be_v secret_o conceal_v in_o several_a province_n by_o some_o christian_a governor_n other_o be_v take_v be_v carry_v in_o great_a cage_n to_o macao_n christian_n wherein_o be_v shut_v up_o day_n and_o night_n they_o suffer_v extreme_o whilst_o other_o also_o be_v whip_v out_o of_o the_o country_n rejoice_v to_o undergo_v something_o for_o his_o sake_n who_o name_n they_o bear_v but_o that_o which_o add_v more_o affliction_n to_o all_o these_o misery_n be_v the_o emperor_n vanley_n prohibition_n to_o all_o his_o to_o profess_v christian_a religion_n but_o upon_o this_o occasion_n the_o christian_n
tartar_n together_o with_o many_o other_o neighbour_a city_n i_o dwell_v in_o a_o very_a fair_a house_n of_o the_o city_n venxus_fw-la the_o whole_a town_n then_o be_v in_o a_o tumult_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o fear_n and_o flight_n of_o most_o of_o the_o citizen_n assoon_o as_o i_o understand_v of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o tartar_n i_o fix_v over_o the_o fair_a gate_n of_o the_o house_n a_o red_z paper_z very_o long_o and_o broad_a with_o this_o inscription_n upon_o it_o here_o dwell_v the_o european_a doctar_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o china_n governor_n when_o they_o take_v any_o journey_n to_o affix_v such_o inscription_n upon_o the_o house_n where_o they_o happen_v to_o lodge_v that_o all_o man_n may_v take_v notice_n what_o great_a person_n be_v there_o likewise_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o great_a hall_n i_o set_v out_o my_o great_a and_o fairest-bound_a book_n to_o these_o i_o add_v my_o mathematical_a instrument_n prospective_n and_o other_o optic_a glass_n and_o what_o else_o i_o think_v may_v make_v the_o great_a show_n and_o withal_o i_o place_v the_o picture_n of_o our_o saviour_n upon_o a_o altar_n erect_v for_o that_o purpose_n by_o which_o fortunate_a stratagem_n i_o not_o on_o it_o only_o escape_v the_o violence_n and_o plunder_v of_o the_o common_a soldier_n but_o be_v invite_v and_o kind_o entertain_v by_o the_o tartarian_a viceroy_n who_o demand_v of_o i_o whether_o i_o will_v with_o a_o good_a will_v change_v my_o china-habit_n and_o cut_v off_o my_o hair_n to_o which_o i_o ready_o consent_v and_o so_o he_o command_v i_o to_o be_v shave_v there_o in_o his_o presence_n and_o i_o tell_v he_o that_o a_o shave_a head_n will_v not_o so_o well_o suit_n with_o a_o china-garment_n he_o pluke_v off_o his_o own_o boot_n and_o make_v i_o draw_v they_o on_o put_v his_o tartar_n bonnet_n on_o my_o head_n feast_v i_o at_o his_o table_n and_o accommodate_v i_o with_o his_o pass_n dismiss_v i_o to_o my_o ancient_a quarter_n in_o the_o noble_a city_n hancheu_o where_o we_o have_v a_o stately_a church_n and_o college_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o kinlna_n the_o tartar_n by_o reason_n of_o great_a gun_n which_o continual_o play_v upon_o they_o and_o by_o the_o wise_a conduct_n and_o courage_n of_o their_o noble_a commander_n suffer_v many_o and_o great_a loss_n insomuch_o as_o he_o force_v they_o to_o pitch_v their_o camp_n further_o from_o the_o city_n but_o at_o length_n they_o also_o bring_v artillery_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n by_o which_o they_o make_v so_o many_o breach_n in_o the_o wall_n as_o these_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n dismantle_v they_o find_v entrance_n and_o burn_v and_o sack_v it_o with_o all_o imaginable_a hostility_n the_o governor_n blow_v up_o himself_o and_o all_o his_o family_n with_o a_o barrel_n of_o gunpowder_n in_o his_o own_o palace_n lest_o he_o or_o he_o shall_v fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n hand_n the_o province_n of_o fokien_n be_v environ_v with_o the_o border_a country_n of_o quamgtung_n kiansi_fw-la and_o chekiang_n from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o continual_a chain_n of_o mountain_n which_o be_v in_o breadth_n of_o three_o day_n journey_n to_o pass_v over_o and_o withal_o so_o full_a of_o ragged_a and_o ruggy_a cliff_n and_o obscure_a valley_n as_o they_o make_v the_o very_a path_n horrid_a dark_a and_o obscure_a at_o noon_n day_n insomuch_o as_o without_o any_o exaggeration_n they_o may_v well_o be_v parallel_v either_o to_o the_o grecian_a strait_n of_o thermopolis_n or_o to_o the_o asian_a ruggy_a and_o strait_a passage_n of_o taurus_n these_o place_n may_v have_v be_v easy_o defend_v if_o they_o have_v but_o place_v a_o few_o clown_n to_o repel_v the_o enemy_n or_o cross_v the_o way_n by_o any_o encumbrance_n but_o the_o very_a imagination_n of_o a_o tartar_n be_v grow_v so_o terrible_a to_o they_o as_o they_o flee_v at_o the_o very_a sight_n of_o their_o horse_n leave_v therefore_o these_o mountain_n whole_o ungarnish_v the_o tartar_n find_v a_o passage_n easy_o but_o so_o very_o painful_a and_o full_a of_o difficulty_n as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v much_o of_o their_o baggage_n behind_o they_o and_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o horse_n in_o those_o fearful_a precipice_n but_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o take_v the_o province_n of_o fokien_n with_o as_o much_o ease_n as_o it_o may_v have_v be_v defend_v for_o they_o hardly_o spend_v as_o much_o time_n in_o take_v it_o as_o a_o man_n will_v do_v to_o walk_v the_o extent_n of_o it_o the_o king_n himself_o name_v lungun_n which_o signify_v a_o warlike_a dragon_n show_v himself_o a_o fearful_a sheep_n fly_v away_o with_o a_o good_a army_n of_o man_n if_o that_o word_n right_o can_v be_v apply_v to_o a_o numerous_a multitude_n that_o have_v no_o heart_n but_o his_o sight_n serve_v he_o for_o nothing_o for_o the_o tartar_n follow_v he_o with_o their_o swift_a and_o nimble_a horse_n slay_v shoot_v all_o this_o flock_n of_o silly_a 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themselves_o constant_a to_o he_o and_o this_o memorial_n of_o he_o i_o owe_v as_o well_o to_o the_o singular_a friendship_n he_o be_v please_v to_o contract_v with_o i_o as_o also_o to_o his_o eminent_a virtue_n of_o which_o i_o myself_o &_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o christian_n in_o china_n be_v both_o spectator_n and_o admirer_n for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n he_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o province_n of_o nanquin_n in_o the_o city_n changcho_n be_v call_v kiu_n thomas_n a_o name_n most_o worthy_a of_o eternal_a memory_n during_o the_o saccage_n of_o these_o province_n news_n arrive_v from_o the_o country_n of_o suchuen_n which_o the_o notorious_a brigand_n call_v changhienchungus_n famous_a for_o his_o strange_a cruelty_n and_o abominable_a villainy_n have_v so_o waste_v that_o it_o begin_v again_o to_o be_v shake_v with_o several_a tempest_n of_o war_n &_o though_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v quite_o destroy_v in_o the_o last_o battle_n yet_o from_o thence_o do_v appear_v 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walter_n montague_n 4o._o parthenissa_n a_o excellent_a new_a romance_n write_v by_o the_o lord_n broghill_n in_o 4_o part_n quarto_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sine_fw-la introductorium_fw-la anglico-latino-graecum_a complectens_fw-la colloquia_fw-la familiaria_fw-la aesopi_n fabulas_fw-la &_o luciani_n mortuorum_fw-la dialogos_fw-la in_o usum_fw-la scholarum_fw-la per_fw-la johannem_fw-la shirley_n octavo_fw-la de_fw-fr hibernia_n
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of_o the_o inner_a wall_n be_v eighteen_o mile_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o have_v within_o they_o many_o population_n garden_n and_o field_n which_o be_v till_v the_o bread_n whereof_o use_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o soldiery_n within_o the_o city_n to_o the_o number_n of_o forty_o thousand_o in_o one_o part_n thereof_o there_o be_v cast_v up_o a_o artificial_a mount_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o there_o be_v see_v a_o wooden_a sphere_n not_o arm_v although_o the_o circle_n thereof_o be_v place_v at_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o same_o city_n which_o be_v 32_o degree_n a_o small_a latitude_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a cold_n but_o a_o very_a large_a one_o for_o the_o great_a heat_n which_o it_o suffer_v the_o sphere_n be_v in_o circumference_n of_o a_o notable_a bigness_n and_o be_v a_o very_a complete_a piece_n of_o work_n it_o have_v moreover_o a_o tower_n divide_v into_o seven_o story_n of_o singular_a beauty_n for_o the_o workmanship_n 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xamkiam_fw-la the_o four_o in_o the_o town_n of_o kiatini_fw-la beside_o these_o church_n there_o be_v many_o oratory_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v the_o nine_o southern_a province_n chap._n 3._o of_o the_o northern_a province_n fix_v be_v the_o province_n which_o be_v call_v northern_a and_o their_o name_n be_v honam_fw-la xemsi_fw-la kiansi_fw-fr xantum_fw-la pekim_n and_o leaotum_fw-la the_o first_o lie_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 35_o degree_n as_o centre_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o produce_v most_o gallant_a fruit_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o country_n as_o we_o in_o europe_n nor_o be_v the_o cheapness_n of_o they_o less_o i_o buy_v for_o a_o farthing_n and_o a_o half_a 88_o apricock_n it_o have_v nothing_o else_o notable_a except_o a_o son_n of_o the_o king_n call_v fovam_fw-la the_o last_o of_o those_o which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n he_o live_v with_o so_o great_a splendour_n and_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n that_o to_o be_v such_o he_o only_o want_v the_o name_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o caifum_fw-la the_o metropolis_n thereof_o we_o have_v have_v only_o for_o these_o few_o year_n a_o church_n and_o house_n but_o a_o good_a plenty_n of_o christian_n the_o second_o be_v xemsi_n it_o lie_v in_o 36_o degree_n and_o more_o to_o the_o west_n it_o be_v very_o large_a but_o dry_a for_o want_v of_o water_n as_o also_o be_v the_o three_o neighbour_a province_n notwithstanding_o it_o do_v abound_v in_o wheat_n barley_n and_o maize_n of_o rice_n they_o have_v but_o little_a all_o winter_n long_o they_o give_v wheat_n to_o their_o beast_n which_o be_v many_o particular_o their_o sheep_n which_o they_o shear_v three_o time_n a_o year_n once_o in_o the_o spring_n another_o time_n in_o the_o summer_n a_o three_o in_o the_o autumn_n but_o the_o first_o time_n of_o shear_v yield_v the_o best_a wool_n from_o hence_o come_v all_o the_o wool_n of_o which_o be_v make_v the_o felt_n and_o other_o thing_n use_v either_o in_o this_o province_n or_o elsewhere_o they_o make_v there_o of_o no_o sort_n of_o cloth_n not_o use_v to_o spin_v wool_n but_o only_a goatshair_n of_o which_o they_o weave_v certain_a stuff_v for_o the_o hang_n of_o their_o room_n in_o so_o great_a perfection_n that_o the_o most_o ordinary_a be_v better_o than_o we_o and_o the_o best_a be_v esteem_v more_o precious_a than_o silk_n they_o make_v likewise_o of_o goats-haire_n a_o very_a fine_a felt_n which_o they_o call_v tum_o and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o garment_n but_o this_o be_v not_o make_v of_o every_o sort_n of_o goatshair_n but_o of_o a_o very_a fine_a hair_n which_o lie_v under_o the_o first_o they_o pull_v it_o out_o with_o great_a care_n and_o make_v it_o up_o in_o certain_a ball_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o ordinary_a loaf_n and_o then_o put_v it_o out_o to_o be_v wrought_v with_o singular_a skill_n musk_n be_v proper_a to_o this_o province_n and_o because_o it_o be_v in_o question_n after_o what_o manner_n this_o excellent_a perfume_n be_v make_v i_o will_v give_v you_o account_n of_o it_o according_a to_o the_o most_o diligent_a enquiry_n i_o have_v make_v concern_v it_o it_o be_v the_o navel_n of_o a_o animal_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o small_a stag_n who_o flesh_n be_v very_o good_a meat_n and_o only_o that_o part_n be_v take_v contain_v that_o precious_a matter_n but_o all_o those_o cod_n which_o be_v bring_v hither_o to_o we_o be_v not_o true_a and_o perfect_a navell_n for_o the_o chiness_n have_v learn_v to_o falsify_v they_o by_o stuff_v some_o piece_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o that_o animal_n with_o musk_n that_o be_v vitiate_a and_o mingle_v with_o some_o other_o thing_n here_o be_v also_o gold_n find_v but_o not_o in_o mine_n for_o though_o there_o be_v mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o king_n do_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v open_v but_o out_o of_o river_n and_o eddy_n and_o although_o it_o be_v find_v only_o in_o small_a piece_n and_o grain_n yet_o be_v put_v together_o it_o amount_v to_o a_o great_a quantity_n there_o be_v infinite_a people_n both_o young_a and_o old_a which_o go_v in_o search_n of_o it_o there_o be_v rhubarb_n and_o profumo_n which_o be_v not_o find_v in_o any_o other_o part_n for_o that_o which_o come_v from_o persia_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v natural_a to_o that_o place_n for_o of_o as_o many_o as_o have_v travel_v through_o that_o country_n there_o be_v not_o any_o that_o give_v a_o account_n to_o have_v see_v there_o that_o healthful_a plant_n it_o be_v something_o tall_a with_o leaf_n big_a than_o colewort_n it_o do_v not_o grow_v wild_a as_o some_o have_v imagine_v but_o be_v cultivate_v in_o garden_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n in_o this_o province_n be_v open_v
able_a to_o inform_v only_o a_o captain_n tell_v i_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a thing_n for_o that_o present_a to_o be_v compose_v of_o such_o thing_n with_o so_o much_o infallibility_n they_o dare_v not_o make_v any_o alteration_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o commodity_n which_o they_o bring_v if_o the_o king_n desire_v any_o thing_n he_o send_v to_o see_v and_o buy_v it_o at_o their_o return_n the_o king_n reward_v they_o with_o two_o piece_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n for_o each_o horse_n 30._o piece_n of_o yellow_a silk_n 30._o pound_n of_o chá_n ten_o of_o musk_n 50._o of_o a_o medicine_n call_v tienyo_n and_o as_o many_o of_o silver_n these_o saracen_n tell_v i_o that_o the_o present_a which_o they_o give_v the_o king_n be_v not_o in_o their_o country_n worth_a above_o 7000_o crown_n but_o what_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o king_n for_o their_o embassy_n and_o voyage_n be_v no_o less_o worth_n than_o 50000_o crown_n a_o pretty_a good_a gain_n but_o ordinary_a from_o those_o prince_n from_o this_o province_n go_v another_o caravan_n for_o the_o powerful_a kingdom_n of_o tibet_n tay._n which_o carry_v diverse_a thing_n in_o particular_a silk-stuff_n porsellane_n and_o chá_n chá_n be_v a_o leaf_n of_o a_o tree_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o myrtle_n in_o other_o province_n of_o the_o herb_n basil_n and_o in_o other_o of_o the_o small_a pomegranate_n they_o dry_a it_o over_o the_o fire_n in_o iron-sives_a where_o it_o harden_v and_o stick_v together_o there_o be_v of_o many_o sort_n of_o it_o as_o well_o because_o the_o plant_n be_v various_a as_o also_o that_o the_o upper_a leaf_n do_v exceed_v the_o other_o in_o fineness_n a_o property_n almost_o of_o all_o plant_n there_o be_v of_o it_o from_o a_o crown_n a_o pound_n to_o four_o farthing_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o it_o there_o be_v so_o many_o difference_n thereof_o it_o be_v thus_o dry_v and_o cast_v into_o warm_a water_n it_o give_v it_o a_o colour_n smell_v and_o taste_v at_o the_o first_o unpleasing_a but_o custom_n make_v it_o more_o acceptable_a it_o be_v much_o use_v in_o china_n and_o giappone_v for_o it_o serve_v not_o only_o for_o ordinary_a drink_n in_o stead_n of_o water_n but_o also_o for_o entertainment_n to_o stranger_n when_o they_o visit_v they_o as_o wine_n do_v in_o the_o northern_a part_n it_o be_v throughout_o all_o those_o kingdom_n esteem_v a_o wretched_a niggardliness_n to_o give_v only_o good_a word_n to_o those_o that_o come_v to_o their_o house_n although_o they_o be_v stranger_n at_o least_o they_o must_v have_v chá_fw-la and_o if_o the_o visit_n be_v any_o thing_n long_o there_o must_v be_v add_v some_o fruit_n or_o sweetmeat_n sometime_o they_o lay_v the_o cloth_n for_o this_o and_o when_o not_o they_o set_v it_o in_o two_o dish_n upon_o a_o little_a square_a table_n many_o virtue_n be_v relate_v of_o this_o leaf_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v very_o wholesome_a and_o that_o neither_o in_o china_n nor_o giappone_v there_o be_v any_o trouble_v with_o the_o stone_n nor_o be_v so_o much_o as_o the_o name_n of_o this_o disease_n know_v from_o whence_o may_v be_v infer_v how_o great_a a_o preservative_n against_o this_o evil_a the_o use_n of_o this_o drink_n be_v it_o be_v also_o certain_a that_o it_o powerful_o deliver_v from_o the_o oppression_n of_o sleep_n whosoever_o desire_v to_o watch_v either_o for_o necessity_n or_o pleasure_n for_o by_o suppress_v the_o fume_n it_o ease_v the_o head_n without_o any_o inconvenience_n and_o final_o it_o be_v a_o know_v and_o admirable_a help_n for_o student_n for_o the_o rest_n i_o have_v not_o so_o great_a a_o assurance_n of_o it_o that_o i_o dare_v affirm_v it_o there_o be_v find_v also_o in_o this_o province_n a_o most_o evident_a sign_n of_o the_o ancient_a christianity_n which_o have_v be_v there_o as_o we_o shall_v relate_v in_o its_o order_n in_o the_o great_a metropolis_n thereof_o we_o have_v a_o church_n and_o a_o house_n with_o a_o well_o found_v and_o fruitful_a christianity_n by_o who_o also_o many_o particular_a oratory_n be_v frequent_v riansi_fw-la be_v the_o three_o of_o these_o six_o northern_a province_n which_o we_o be_v now_o discourse_v of_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o thirty_o eight_o degree_n it_o have_v many_o mountain_n which_o make_v their_o harvest_n but_o poor_a there_o be_v little_a wheat_n less_o rice_n but_o most_o maiz_n it_o be_v so_o abundant_a in_o grape_n that_o it_o serve_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n with_o raisin_n and_o may_v furnish_v at_o least_o itself_o with_o wine_n as_o it_o succeed_v in_o a_o residence_n which_o we_o have_v there_o where_o we_o make_v now_o only_o enough_o for_o to_o serve_v the_o mass_n but_o send_v also_o sufficient_a to_o the_o next_o residency_n it_o have_v well_n of_o fire_n for_o the_o use_n of_o their_o house_n as_o we_o have_v of_o water_n in_o europe_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v mine_n of_o sulphur_n set_v on_o fire_n so_o that_o open_v a_o little_a the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o which_o must_v not_o be_v very_o large_a it_o send_v forth_o so_o great_a a_o head_n that_o they_o roast_v and_o boil_v therewith_o whatsoever_o meat_n they_o desire_v their_o ordinary_a fuel_n as_o likewise_o in_o all_o the_o confine_n thereof_o stone-coale_n not_o small_a one_o such_o as_o be_v find_v in_o some_o of_o our_o country_n of_o europe_n but_o of_o a_o very_a considerable_a bigness_n there_o be_v mine_n very_o fruitful_a of_o this_o matter_n which_o burn_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ease_n in_o some_o part_n as_o pekim_v and_o honam_fw-la they_o lay_v it_o together_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o fire_n last_v day_n and_o night_n they_o make_v use_v of_o bellows_n to_o kindle_v it_o we_o have_v a_o house_n and_o a_o church_n in_o the_o city_n of_o kiamcheu_fw-la another_o in_o that_o of_o phucheu_o which_o be_v visit_v at_o their_o set_a time_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o have_v a_o good_a and_o numerous_a christianity_n and_o among_o they_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n there_o be_v not_o want_v oratory_n as_o in_o other_o city_n by_o which_o the_o scarcity_n of_o church_n be_v supply_v the_o four_o province_n which_o be_v xantun_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 23._o degree_n lie_v betwixt_o nankim_n and_o pekim_n be_v very_o poor_a it_o suffer_v many_o time_n a_o loathsome_a and_o malignant_a infestation_n by_o grillo_n or_o field-cricket_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o terrible_a horror_n of_o famine_n in_o the_o year_n 1616_o a_o dog_n buy_v to_o be_v eat_v be_v worth_n more_o than_o a_o young_a man_n sell_v for_o a_o slave_n it_o produce_v store_n of_o cattle_n and_o of_o our_o fruit_n great_a pear_n many_o and_o good_a there_o grow_v here_o in_o great_a number_n and_o variety_n a_o fruit_n which_o seem_v to_o some_o of_o we_o to_o be_v a_o pear_n of_o a_o good_a kind_n in_o so_o great_a abundance_n that_o fill_v the_o kingdom_n they_o overflow_v even_o to_o macao_n although_o it_o be_v a_o great_a way_n off_o and_o that_o there_o be_v three_o large_a province_n betwixt_o pekim_n be_v the_o five_o province_n situate_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o forty_o degree_n it_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o have_v the_o court_n in_o a_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n though_o the_o proper_a name_n of_o it_o be_v xunthienfu_n by_o the_o sarance_n call_v lambalud_v this_o good_a fortune_n befall_v it_o for_o so_o i_o may_v call_v it_o at_o the_o death_n of_o humuù_n when_o a_o nephew_n of_o he_o name_v vunlo_n who_o dwell_v in_o this_o province_n and_o be_v very_o potent_a usurp_v by_o violence_n the_o crown_n against_o the_o right_a heir_n and_o so_o confide_v more_o in_o they_o with_o who_o he_o have_v always_o live_v as_o also_o to_o be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o make_v resistance_n against_o the_o tartar_n which_o border_n upon_o he_o he_o remove_v the_o court_n from_o nankim_n and_o plant_v it_o here_o the_o people_n be_v less_o ingenious_a as_o common_o all_o northern_a people_n be_v but_o more_o apt_a for_o labour_n and_o war_n the_o soil_n be_v very_o dry_a and_o favourable_a for_o health_n but_o barren_a of_o fruit_n for_o the_o common_a sustenance_n but_o this_o want_n be_v supply_v by_o that_o general_a prerogative_n of_o court_n which_o draw_v all_o to_o they_o and_o overcome_v in_o this_o the_o proper_a nature_n of_o the_o place_n it_o have_v maiz_n wheat_n and_o little_a rice_n only_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o palace_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a the_o mandarines_n and_o soldier_n be_v many_o thousand_o the_o king_n keep_v in_o those_o river_n a_o thousand_o vessel_n flat-bottomed_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o shallowness_n of_o the_o water_n which_o only_o serve_v for_o the_o bring_n of_o victual_n to_o court_n which_o they_o lade_v in_o
gate_n open_v to_o the_o danger_n of_o their_o honour_n this_o which_o may_v be_v count_v a_o harsh_a strictness_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o pleasant_a sweetness_n by_o custom_n which_o make_v all_o thing_n easy_a as_o well_o for_o their_o repose_n as_o for_o the_o peace_n and_o concord_n of_o the_o family_n notwithstanding_o in_o so_o large_a a_o country_n as_o china_n this_o custom_n can_v equal_o be_v observe_v every_o where_o so_o that_o in_o some_o part_n as_o i_o have_v above_o mention_v the_o ordinary_a woman_n go_v abroad_o as_o among_o we_o but_o the_o woman_n of_o quality_n always_o observe_v that_o stile_n of_o retiredness_n chap._n 6._o of_o their_o language_n and_o letter_n the_o language_n which_o be_v use_v in_o china_n be_v of_o so_o great_a antiquity_n that_o many_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o 72._o which_o be_v at_o the_o tower_n of_o babel_n at_o least_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o their_o book_n that_o it_o be_v more_o than_o 3700._o year_n in_o use_n among_o they_o is_n be_v various_a and_o different_a because_o there_o be_v diverse_a kingdom_n whereof_o this_o empire_n be_v compose_v at_o this_o day_n and_o ancient_o they_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o this_o crown_n but_o be_v possess_v by_o barbarous_a nation_n as_o all_o the_o southern_a province_n and_o some_o of_o the_o northern_a but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o language_n of_o china_n be_v but_o one_o only_a which_o they_o call_v quonhoa_n or_o the_o language_n of_o the_o mandarines_n for_o they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o with_o the_o same_o care_n and_o industry_n that_o they_o introduce_v their_o government_n into_o other_o kingdom_n bring_v in_o likewise_o their_o language_n and_o so_o at_o this_o day_n it_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a country_n as_o latin_n do_v through_o all_o europe_n but_o more_o universal_o each_o province_n still_o retain_v their_o natural_a speech_n it_o be_v a_o language_n much_o limit_v and_o as_o in_o the_o multitude_n of_o letter_n it_o exceed_v all_o other_o so_o in_o scarcenesse_n of_o the_o noun_n which_o it_o use_v it_o be_v the_o least_o copious_a of_o any_o for_o it_o have_v not_o in_o all_o above_o 326._o and_o of_o word_n which_o in_o reality_n be_v the_o same_o but_o only_o differ_v in_o accent_n and_o aspiration_n 1228._o almost_o all_o end_n in_o vowel_n and_o those_o few_o which_o do_v not_o terminate_v in_o vowel_n end_n either_o in_o m._n or_o n._n they_o be_v all_o monosyllable_n all_o undeclined_a as_o well_o verb_n as_o noun_n and_o so_o accommodate_v to_o their_o use_n that_o many_o time_n the_o verb_n serve_v for_o a_o noun_n and_o a_o noun_n for_o a_o verb_n and_o a_o adverb_n too_o if_o need_v be_v for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o be_v learn_v than_o the_o latin_a the_o grammar_n only_o whereof_o take_v up_o a_o child_n whole_a time_n the_o brevity_n of_o it_o make_v it_o full_a of_o aequivocal_a word_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n compendious_a this_o which_o will_v be_v 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and_o their_o fear_n begin_v to_o blow_v over_o and_o every_o thing_n to_o settle_v in_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o quietness_n which_o be_v much_o promote_v by_o the_o come_n of_o that_o mandarine_a of_o who_o we_o have_v former_o make_v mention_n that_o he_o do_v appease_v another_o tumult_n against_o the_o father_n in_o the_o city_n of_o xaocheu_fw-la he_o have_v be_v at_o the_o court_n and_o be_v return_v from_o thence_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o his_o be_v promote_v to_o a_o office_n he_o upon_o the_o acquaintance_n he_o have_v former_o have_v with_o the_o father_n and_o especial_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o new_a friendship_n he_o have_v contract_v with_o the_o father_n at_o pekim_n with_o who_o he_o have_v have_v a_o very_a great_a familiarity_n absolute_o settle_v all_o those_o distemper_n there_o for_o that_o time_n for_o this_o
cum_fw-la alijs_fw-la praedicaverit_fw-la ipse_fw-la reprobus_fw-la efficiatur_fw-la nam_fw-la exactam_fw-la quaeâ—ere_fw-la conformitatem_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la est_fw-la potius_fw-la pacem_fw-la turbare_fw-la this_o opinion_n likewise_o be_v favour_v by_o the_o gloss_n in_o capit_fw-la reus_n qui_fw-la de_fw-fr paenitentia_fw-la &_o remissione_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o favour_n of_o those_o who_o be_v new_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n detrahendum_fw-la est_fw-la jure_fw-la the_o church_n have_v often_o practise_v the_o same_o and_o particular_o in_o the_o council_n of_o florence_n where_o pope_n eugenius_n the_o four_o do_v very_o prudent_o dissemble_v with_o the_o greek_n concern_v the_o point_n of_o marriage_n for_o the_o greek_n not_o consent_v to_o treat_v any_o thing_n concern_v marriage_n and_o the_o pope_n have_v also_o already_o determine_v the_o point_n yet_o synodicé_n &_o armeniis_fw-la in_fw-la decreto_fw-la svo_fw-la credendum_fw-la tradens_fw-la mirum_fw-la dictu_fw-la graecos_n ob_fw-la communem_fw-la concordiam_fw-la recentur_fw-la initam_fw-la fortius_fw-la stabiliendam_fw-la non_fw-la explicitè_fw-fr ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la credendum_fw-la obstrinxit_fw-la imò_fw-la pertinaciam_fw-la eâ—rum_fw-la in_o reliquis_fw-la violata_fw-la pace_fw-la ne_fw-la resilirent_fw-la videns_fw-la non_fw-la vidit_fw-la vel_fw-la ut_fw-la in_fw-la act_v concilij_fw-la paâ—et_fw-la non_fw-la condemnavit_fw-la if_o this_o be_v do_v to_o person_n of_o that_o authority_n quality_n and_o antiquity_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o poor_a neophytes_n but_o only_o that_o of_o st._n gregory_n duris_n mentibus_fw-la simul_fw-la omne_fw-la abscindere_fw-la impossibile_fw-it esse_fw-la not_o dubium_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la locum_fw-la ascendere_fw-la nititur_fw-la gradibus_fw-la vel_fw-la passibus_fw-la non_fw-la saltibus_fw-la elevatur_fw-la so_o that_o in_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o gentile_n according_a to_o st._n gregory_n suaviter_fw-la etc._n etc._n prudenter_fw-la subinsinuare_fw-la none_o violent_a abrumpere_fw-la apostolici_fw-la muneris_fw-la est_fw-la st._n peter_n to_o preserve_v those_o plant_n he_o have_v new_o plant_v inter_fw-la gentiles_n gentiliter_fw-la inter_fw-la judaeos_fw-la judaicè_fw-la victitavit_fw-la and_o st._n paul_n factus_fw-la est_fw-la judaeis_n tanquam_fw-la judaus_fw-la ut_fw-la judaeos_fw-la lucrifaceret_fw-la &_o ijs_fw-la qui_fw-la sub_fw-la legeerant_fw-la quasi_fw-la sub_fw-la lege_fw-la esset_fw-la ut_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la sub_fw-la lige_v erant_fw-la lucrifaceret_fw-la idque_fw-la prudenter_fw-la ad_fw-la bonum_fw-la animarum_fw-la as_o baronius_n declare_v in_o his_o annal_n in_o the_o year_n 51._o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o 〈…〉_o counsel_n and_o father_n have_v teach_v by_o precept_n and_o example_n and_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o instruction_n how_o difficult_a be_v it_o to_o take_v the_o middle_a way_n by_o accommodate_v one_o self_n to_o place_n time_n and_o person_n and_o the_o several_a course_n of_o thing_n and_o how_o much_o good_a be_v lose_v not_o to_o say_v how_o much_o evil_a do_n and_o even_o such_o evil_a as_o at_o this_o day_n we_o see_v and_o lament_v by_o follow_v everyone_o his_o own_o judgement_n and_o fancy_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v leave_v that_o more_o certain_a and_o save_a way_n which_o be_v use_v by_o the_o saint_n i_o will_v conclude_v this_o relation_n with_o a_o paragraph_n of_o a_o letter_n which_o the_o patriarch_n of_o aethiopia_n don_n alphonso_n mendez_n write_v from_o goa_n to_o the_o cardinal_n of_o the_o congregation_n de_fw-fr propagandâ_fw-la fide_fw-la who_o for_o his_o learning_n authority_n and_o virtue_n and_o above_o all_o for_o his_o experience_n of_o mission_n wherein_o he_o labour_v and_o suffer_v much_o do_v very_o much_o deserve_v to_o be_v believe_v he_o say_v thus_o but_o at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o letter_n i_o do_v judge_v it_o not_o from_o our_o purpose_n to_o be_v mind_n your_o eminency_n that_o god_n have_v former_o command_v that_o a_o vine-yard_n shall_v not_o be_v sow_v with_o diverse_a seed_n nor_o that_o a_o garment_n ought_v to_o be_v weave_v of_o linen_n and_o woollen_a with_o which_o the_o queen_n and_o spouse_n be_v to_o be_v clothe_v wherein_o be_v imply_v that_o the_o several_a institution_n and_o different_a manner_n of_o live_v of_o religious_a order_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v entrude_v upon_o young_a and_o tender_a church_n such_o as_o be_v but_o yet_o in_o a_o manner_n suckling_n but_o only_o to_o be_v introduce_v into_o such_o church_n as_o be_v come_v to_o their_o full_a strength_n and_o be_v fortify_v by_o a_o long_a continuance_n of_o year_n for_o many_o time_n emulation_n grow_v among_o they_o and_o many_o want_a prudence_n and_o other_o abound_v in_o a_o indiscreet_a zeal_n they_o do_v many_o thing_n which_o tend_v rather_o to_o ruin_v than_o edification_n etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n bless_v your_o eminency_n etc._n etc._n from_o goa_n the_o eleven_o of_o november_n 1638._o the_o lively_a effigy_n of_o thein_n mingu_n y_o e_o present_a emperor_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n who_o have_v late_o overrun_v and_o possess_v himself_o almost_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n bellum_fw-la tartaricum_n or_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o renown_a empire_n of_o china_n by_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o in_o these_o last_o seven_o year_n have_v whole_o subdue_v that_o vast_a empire_n together_o with_o a_o map_n of_o the_o province_n and_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o country_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o story_n write_a original_o in_o latin_a by_o martin_n martinius_n present_a in_o the_o country_n at_o most_o of_o the_o passage_n herein_o relate_v and_o now_o faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a london_n print_v for_o john_n crook_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o s._n paul_n churchyard_n 1655._o labour_n et_fw-fr constantia_n to_o the_o reader_n whereas_o in_o the_o course_n of_o this_o ensue_a history_n there_o occur_v frequent_a mention_n of_o the_o chief_a province_n and_o city_n in_o china_n which_o have_v either_o be_v assault_v and_o defend_v subdue_v or_o destroy_v by_o the_o several_a army_n as_o well_o from_o north_n to_o south_n as_o from_o east_n to_o west_n lest_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n of_o this_o history_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n diminish_v by_o the_o frequent_a reencounter_n of_o harsh_a and_o barbarous_a name_n of_o country_n and_o town_n unknown_a to_o the_o european_a reader_n i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o prefix_v a_o little_a geographical_a table_n of_o the_o country_n and_o chief_a city_n which_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o guide_n to_o conduct_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o understanding_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o mention_a victory_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o so_o exact_a as_o the_o rigour_n of_o geography_n exact_v but_o yet_o it_o be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o learned_a philosopher_n and_o may_v well_o give_v a_o sufficient_a notion_n of_o all_o the_o place_n mention_v as_o for_o more_o exquisite_a and_o rare_a map_n both_o universal_a and_o particular_a as_o well_o of_o the_o country_n as_o of_o the_o city_n and_o of_o all_o the_o rarity_n they_o contain_v together_o with_o the_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o their_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n and_o of_o all_o that_o do_v belong_v either_o to_o astronomy_n or_o geography_n in_o relation_n to_o they_o with_o what_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o natural_a or_o humane_a history_n i_o reserve_v all_o these_o to_o my_o atlas_n of_o china_n which_o i_o be_o compose_v take_v from_o their_o own_o ancient_a record_n ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n all_o which_o i_o have_v with_o much_o pain_n and_o industry_n gather_v up_o together_o and_o transport_v with_o i_o to_o europe_n i_o will_v not_o therefore_o for_o the_o present_a deflower_v that_o work_n of_o its_o great_a beauty_n by_o a_o unseasonable_a exposition_n of_o it_o to_o the_o reader_n view_v but_o expect_v till_o it_o grow_v to_o that_o perfection_n as_o i_o hope_v will_v satisfy_v the_o appetite_n of_o this_o our_o curious_a age._n situs_n provinciaruâ—_n imperii_fw-la sinic_n 〈…〉_o mdc.liv_o bellum_fw-la tartaricum_n or_o the_o history_n of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o china_n etc._n etc._n the_o most_o ancient_a nation_n of_o tartar_n in_o asia_n the_o parent_n of_o many_o nation_n have_v be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n above_o four_o thousand_o year_n during_o which_o time_n china_n they_o have_v have_v many_o sharp_a war_n with_o those_o of_o china_n in_o which_o they_o though_o sometime_o worsted_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v remain_v the_o conqueror_n i_o call_v that_o nation_n tartar_n which_o inhabit_v the_o northern_a part_n tartar_n behind_o that_o famous_a wall_n which_o stretch_v out_o above_o 300._o german_n league_n from_o east_n to_o west_n have_v ever_o serve_v for_o a_o rampart_n to_o hinder_v their_o eruption_n into_o the_o say_a empire_n this_o country_n the_o chineses_n have_v a_o defect_n of_o the_o letter_n râ—anciently_o call_v tata_n comprehend_v under_o this_o
name_n not_o only_o the_o occidental_a but_o the_o oriental_a tâ—rtars_n hitherto_o much_o unknown_a to_o we_o in_o europe_n contain_v the_o province_n sâ—mahania_n tanyu_n niuche_n niulhaâ—_n and_o the_o like_a from_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o kingdom_n of_o cascor_n to_o the_o oriental_a sea_n above_o jaâ—ony_n where_o they_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n from_o quevira_n in_o america_n if_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o straight_a and_o not_o a_o continent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o write_v all_o the_o war_n which_o have_v pass_v betwixt_o they_o but_o only_o of_o such_o as_o have_v happen_v in_o our_o memory_n and_o in_o my_o presence_n all_o the_o rest_n shall_v appear_v at_o large_a in_o my_o abridgement_n of_o the_o history_n of_o china_n and_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v with_o more_o order_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o reflect_v how_o and_o from_o whence_o those_o trouble_n have_v their_o beginning_n it_o be_v therefore_o first_o to_o be_v know_v that_o the_o ancient_a western_a tartar_n after_o they_o have_v subdue_v almost_o all_o asia_n to_o their_o power_n china_n wage_v war_n against_o china_n of_o which_o paulus_n venetus_n and_o ayton_n make_v mention_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cataye_n and_o maningin_n and_o this_o before_o the_o time_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n who_o never_o subdue_v china_n as_o some_o have_v false_o write_v for_o he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n mccccvi_n in_o which_o time_n taichangus_n emperor_n of_o china_n and_o the_o second_o of_o the_o taimingian_n family_n the_o tartar_n be_v before_o beat_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n govern_v peaceable_o all_o the_o province_n include_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o vast_a wall_n which_o before_o i_o mention_v but_o the_o war_n which_o paulus_n venetus_n touch_v betwixt_o the_o chiness_n and_o tartar_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n mccvi_o as_o their_o history_n and_o chronology_n testify_v which_o last_v 77._o year_n at_o last_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o year_n mcclxxviii_o have_v total_o conquer_v all_o that_o potent_a empire_n extinguish_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o sungas_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a regal_a family_n which_o they_o call_v juena_n of_o which_o tartarian_a race_n nine_o emperor_n by_o descent_n govern_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n for_o the_o space_n of_o lxx_o year_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n china_n come_v paulus_n venetus_n into_o china_n with_o the_o tartar_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o write_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o time_n the_o tartar_n forget_v their_o ancient_a vigour_n of_o mind_n and_o warlike_a spirit_n which_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delices_fw-la of_o that_o country_n have_v quail_v and_o tame_v and_o be_v also_o weaken_v by_o so_o long_a a_o peace_n become_v of_o a_o soft_a temper_n and_o receive_v a_o deep_a tincture_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o native_n of_o china_n whereupon_o a_o contemptible_a person_n who_o be_v servant_n to_o one_o of_o those_o depute_a to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o their_o idol_n call_v chu_n presume_v to_o rebel_v against_o they_o this_o man_n commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o enslave_v country_n and_o alsotouched_a with_o the_o ambition_n of_o reign_v first_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o thief_n or_o highway_n man_n and_o be_v of_o a_o generous_a nature_n bold_a and_o as_o quick_a of_o hand_n as_o in_o wit_n want_v neither_o courage_n nor_o art_n nor_o companion_n nor_o fortune_n to_o gather_v such_o a_o multitude_n as_o in_o short_a time_n make_v up_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o a_o army_n whereupon_o depose_v the_o person_n of_o a_o thief_n he_o become_v a_o general_n and_o with_o a_o bold_a attempt_n presume_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o have_v fight_v many_o battle_n with_o they_o obtain_v many_o singular_a victory_n so_o as_o in_o the_o year_n 1368_o he_o final_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n receive_v for_o so_o memorable_a a_o action_n the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n as_o a_o worthy_a reward_n of_o his_o heroical_a action_n it_o be_v he_o first_o erect_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o taxing_n and_o be_v he_o be_v the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o race_n style_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o hunguus_fw-la which_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o famous_a warrior_n after_o such_o a_o illustrious_a action_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o all_o the_o province_n submit_v to_o he_o both_o as_o to_o one_o that_o be_v a_o native_a of_o their_o country_n and_o also_o because_o they_o look_v on_o he_o as_o a_o man_n who_o have_v redeem_v they_o from_o thraldom_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n of_o china_n to_o love_n and_o esteem_v their_o own_o as_o much_o as_o they_o hate_v and_o vilify_v stranger_n wherefore_o he_o first_o place_v his_o court_n at_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n which_o the_o chiness_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o huge_a mountain_n of_o water_n which_o it_o discharge_v into_o the_o ocean_n call_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v speedy_o order_v and_o establish_v that_o empire_n fear_v no_o insurrection_n from_o these_o new_a redeem_a creature_n he_o be_v not_o content_v to_o have_v chase_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n but_o he_o make_v a_o irruption_n into_o tartary_n itself_o and_o so_o follow_v the_o point_n of_o his_o victory_n as_o that_o he_o rout_v they_o several_a time_n waste_v all_o their_o territory_n and_o final_o bring_v the_o oriental_a tartar_n to_o such_o strait_n as_o he_o force_v they_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o even_o beg_v a_o ignominious_a peace_n this_o storm_n of_o war_n fall_v chief_o on_o the_o tartar_n of_o the_o province_n of_o niuche_n whither_o the_o tartar_n of_o china_n be_v expel_v be_v retire_v afterward_o those_o tartar_n every_o year_n either_o as_o subject_n or_o friend_n come_v into_o china_n by_o the_o province_n of_o 〈◊〉_d to_o traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o be_v bring_v to_o poverty_n and_o misery_n they_o think_v no_o more_o of_o make_v war_n against_o china_n the_o merchandise_n they_o bring_v be_v several_a as_o the_o root_n call_v ginsâ—m_n so_o much_o esteem_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o precious_a skin_n as_o those_o of_o castor_n martais_fw-fr and_o zibellâ—ns_n and_o also_o horsehair_n of_o which_o the_o chineses_n make_v their_o net_n and_o the_o man_n use_v it_o in_o tie_v up_o their_o hair_n as_o the_o handsome_a dress_n they_o can_v appear_v in_o but_o those_o tartar_n multiply_v so_o fast_o as_o they_o grow_v quick_o into_o seven_o government_n which_o they_o call_v horde_n and_o these_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o at_o length_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n mdl_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o kingdom_n call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o niuche_n thus_o stand_v china_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o eastern_a tartar_n but_o to_o the_o western_a tartar_n they_o pay_v tribute_n mask_v under_o the_o title_n of_o present_n that_o they_o may_v desist_v from_o war._n for_o the_o chineses_n esteem_v it_o very_o unhandsome_a to_o make_v war_n against_o any_o if_o by_o any_o other_o mean_v their_o country_n can_v be_v conserve_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n be_v teach_v this_o by_o their_o philosopher_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n tartar_n be_v over_o jealous_a of_o the_o enemy_n to_o their_o ancient_a riches_n they_o never_o leave_v that_o great_a wall_n which_o extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n without_o a_o million_o of_o soldier_n to_o guard_v it_o therefore_o this_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v thus_o establish_v in_o the_o taimingian_n family_n china_n enjoy_v a_o constant_a peace_n and_o quietness_n for_o ccl_o year_n and_o whilst_o the_o seven_o tartarian_a lord_n or_o governor_n make_v civil_a war_n that_o renown_a emperor_n of_o china_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vanley_n be_v the_o thirteen_o emperor_n of_o taiminge_n family_n govern_v happy_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n from_o the_o year_n 1573._o to_o the_o year_n 1620._o with_o as_o much_o prudence_n as_o justice_n and_o equity_n but_o in_o this_o time_n the_o tartar_n of_o niuche_n have_v so_o multiply_v and_o spread_v themselves_o china_n after_o incorporate_v into_o a_o kingdom_n that_o they_o become_v daily_o more_o formidable_a to_o china_n and_o therefore_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o border_a province_n consult_v private_o among_o themselves_o how_o they_o may_v curb_v and_o restrain_v these_o people_n within_o their_o limit_n for_o their_o governor_n have_v so_o much_o power_n and_o authority_n that_o although_o they_o live_v as_o slave_n to_o their_o prince_n yet_o when_o there_o be_v question_n of_o a_o common_a and_o public_a good_a they_o govern_v absolute_o and_o uncontrollable_o unless_o by_o some_o high_a power_n their_o order_n be_v restrain_v
persuade_v he_o to_o leave_v the_o imperial_a city_n and_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o protest_v he_o will_v rather_o die_v than_o quit_v the_o northern_a quarter_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o he_o forbid_v any_o to_o depart_v the_o court_n or_o town_n besiege_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o tartar_n make_v many_o fierce_a assault_n and_o as_o often_o be_v valiant_o beat_v back_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o carnage_n yvenus_n be_v call_v to_o resist_v the_o tartar_n for_o as_o yet_o his_o traitorous_a comploâ—s_n be_v not_o discover_v and_o lest_o he_o shall_v discover_v his_o treason_n he_o come_v with_o his_o army_n near_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v of_o a_o vast_a extent_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a partition_n between_o the_o two_o army_n from_o which_o both_o the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n force_n be_v perfect_o discern_v but_o though_o yvenus_n be_v under_o the_o emperor_n eye_n yet_o he_o act_v little_a for_o his_o only_a aim_n be_v to_o return_v home_o lade_v with_o riches_n he_o never_o desist_v to_o persuade_v the_o emperor_n to_o admit_v his_o condition_n of_o peace_n so_o that_o the_o emperor_n find_v he_o evident_o to_o be_v a_o traitor_n disclose_v his_o intention_n to_o none_o of_o his_o council_n nor_o governor_n send_v to_o invite_v he_o to_o a_o private_a council_n of_o war_n give_v also_o order_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v admit_v into_o the_o city_n over_o the_o wall_n lest_o if_o any_o gate_n shall_v be_v open_a the_o tartar_n be_v so_o near_o may_v press_v in_o upon_o they_o but_o indeed_o he_o order_v the_o business_n in_o this_o manner_n lest_o he_o shall_v bring_v his_o army_n into_o the_o city_n with_o he_o yvenus_n therefore_o know_v he_o have_v many_o chief_a man_n about_o the_o emperor_n person_n who_o be_v both_o his_o favourity_n and_o friend_n and_o that_o none_o of_o they_o give_v he_o the_o least_o sign_n of_o any_o distaste_n that_o the_o emperor_n may_v conceive_v against_o he_o kill_v bold_o and_o secure_o present_v himself_o at_o court_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o appear_v he_o be_v present_o arrest_v and_o after_o some_o few_o question_n the_o emperor_n command_v he_o to_o be_v kill_v the_o tartar_n hear_v of_o his_o death_n before_o the_o china_n army_n have_v a_o new_a general_n assign_v raise_v the_o siege_n depart_v ransack_v all_o the_o country_n round_o about_o and_o after_o they_o have_v make_v excursion_n to_o the_o next_o border_v province_n of_o xantung_n rich_o lade_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o spoil_n return_v to_o their_o first_o residence_n in_o leaotung_n from_o these_o time_n till_o the_o year_n 1636._o the_o event_n of_o their_o war_n be_v very_o various_a succeed_v but_o in_o general_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o tartar_n can_v never_o fix_v a_o foot_n in_o china_n but_o they_o be_v present_o beat_v out_o again_o in_o this_o same_o year_n thienzungus_n king_n of_o the_o tartar_n die_v after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n zungteus_n father_n to_o he_o that_o now_o govern_v china_n of_o who_o we_o now_o must_v begin_v to_o treat_v this_o prince_n before_o his_o reign_n express_v much_o judgement_n in_o several_a occurrence_n mild_a surpass_v all_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n in_o humanity_n and_o oblige_a courtesy_n for_o when_o he_o be_v young_a he_o be_v send_v by_o his_o father_n into_o china_n where_o he_o live_v secret_o and_o learn_v the_o china_n manner_n doctrine_n and_o language_n and_o now_o come_v to_o the_o kingdom_n he_o change_v and_o far_o surpass_v all_o the_o example_n of_o his_o predecessor_n for_o have_v observe_v that_o their_o too_o hard_a and_o cruel_a usage_n of_o the_o chiness_n have_v be_v the_o principal_a obstacle_n of_o their_o advancement_n nation_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v conquer_v that_o empire_n he_o so_o much_o thirst_v after_o as_o well_o by_o love_n as_o by_o arm_n he_o courteous_o entertain_v and_o cherish_v all_o those_o of_o china_n which_o come_v unto_o he_o use_v all_o prisoner_n with_o great_a sweetness_n and_o invite_v they_o either_o to_o submit_v free_o to_o his_o government_n or_o take_v their_o course_n with_o full_a freedom_n the_o fame_n of_o his_o humanity_n be_v spread_v far_o and_o near_o which_o induce_v many_o commander_n and_o chief_a officer_n to_o fly_v unto_o he_o by_o who_o mean_n and_o help_n at_o length_n he_o become_v emperor_n of_o that_o spacious_a and_o flourish_a country_n for_o experience_n show_v we_o that_o love_n and_o humanity_n do_v work_v more_o upon_o man_n heart_n in_o conquer_a and_o conserve_n kingdom_n than_o arm_n and_o cruelty_n of_o the_o conqueror_n have_v lose_v that_o which_o strength_n of_o arm_n have_v happy_o subdue_v wherefore_o when_o the_o chiness_n come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n do_v not_o only_o afford_v they_o a_o refuge_n but_o friendship_n many_o great_a person_n fly_v the_o indignation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o tartar_n protection_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o china_n great_a avarice_n and_o perfidiousness_n chinese_n it_o be_v a_o necessary_a though_o most_o inhuman_a maxim_n that_o those_o officer_n perish_v who_o have_v manage_v the_o kingdom_n affair_n with_o less_o success_n for_o they_o easy_o be_v bring_v to_o believe_v that_o such_o unhappy_a event_n do_v not_o proceed_v so_o much_o from_o the_o frown_n of_o inconstant_a fortune_n as_o it_o do_v from_o the_o perfidy_n or_o negligence_n of_o the_o commander_n so_o as_o if_o any_o fight_v unhappy_o or_o if_o he_o lose_v the_o country_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n if_o any_o sedition_n or_o rebellion_n happen_v the_o governor_n hardly_o ever_o escape_v alive_a see_v therefore_o they_o find_v so_o much_o humanity_n in_o the_o tartar_n and_o so_o much_o inhumanity_n in_o the_o emperor_n they_o rather_o choose_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o former_a by_o this_o occasion_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o relate_v what_o happen_v to_o that_o incomparable_a commander_n renown_v both_o for_o fidelity_n and_o fortitude_n call_v kill_v ignatius_n this_o heroic_a mind_n prefer_v his_o fidelity_n to_o his_o prince_n before_o his_o life_n before_o the_o tartarian_n protection_n yea_o even_o before_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o formidable_a army_n and_o choose_v rather_o with_o his_o unparalleled_a fidelity_n to_o submit_v his_o head_n to_o a_o block_n by_o a_o unjust_a sentence_n than_o to_o abandon_v his_o country_n or_o once_o commit_v the_o least_o fault_n against_o his_o sovereign_n though_o guilty_a of_o much_o injustice_n towards_o he_o fidelity_n he_o may_v perchance_o have_v sway_v the_o sovereign_a sceptre_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v have_v hearken_v to_o his_o soldier_n but_o he_o rather_o choose_v to_o die_v glorious_o than_o to_o be_v brand_v with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o traitor_n after_o this_o man_n therefore_o have_v gain_v several_a victory_n against_o the_o tartar_n and_o recover_v many_o city_n from_o their_o possession_n so_o as_o he_o hope_v short_o whole_o to_o extirpate_v they_o out_o of_o china_n his_o soldier_n be_v long_o without_o pay_n seditious_o plunder_v and_o pillage_v a_o town_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o king_n ignatius_n by_o several_a petition_n and_o remonstrance_n to_o the_o emperor_n have_v declare_v his_o want_n of_o money_n and_o their_o want_n of_o pay_n but_o because_o he_o feed_v not_o those_o venal_a soul_n that_o manage_v the_o business_n for_o money_n and_o present_n piety_n they_o always_o suppress_v his_o humble_a address_n for_o relief_n beside_o this_o man_n be_v a_o very_a pious_a christian_a he_o do_v nothing_o in_o his_o government_n but_o what_o be_v conform_v to_o reason_n and_o justice_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n he_o incur_v the_o hatred_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a prefectâ—_n who_o usual_o receive_v bribe_n from_o the_o contest_a party_n demand_v favour_n of_o ignatius_n for_o their_o client_n but_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o intercede_v for_o any_o unless_o the_o justness_n of_o the_o cause_n do_v also_o balance_v their_o petition_n and_o these_o man_n attribute_v this_o proceed_n not_o to_o virtue_n but_o to_o his_o pride_n think_v themselves_o undervalue_v by_o he_o deal_v underhand_o with_o the_o prefect_n in_o the_o court_n to_o stop_v the_o army_n pay_v that_o so_o they_o may_v destroy_v this_o innocent_a man_n moreover_o he_o be_v envy_v by_o the_o commander_n in_o the_o very_a court_n because_o he_o come_v to_o this_o eminent_a dignity_n by_o his_o own_o valour_n and_o industry_n which_o they_o imagine_v be_v only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o doctor_n and_o ignatius_n be_v but_o a_o licenciat_n as_o if_o the_o most_o learned_a must_v needs_o be_v also_o the_o most_o valorous_a in_o this_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n the_o soldier_n not_o content_v with_o the_o seditious_a pillage_n see_v the_o most_o imminent_a danger_n hang_v over_o their_o most_o
esteem_a and_o belove_a governor_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o folly_n go_v about_o to_o persuade_v he_o to_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o that_o province_n nay_o more_o to_o take_v the_o whole_a empire_n to_o himself_o as_o a_o thing_n due_a to_o his_o prowess_n and_o merit_n promise_v their_o whole_a strength_n to_o effect_v the_o business_n and_o also_o to_o extirpate_v those_o man_n about_o the_o emperor_n that_o aim_v more_o to_o compass_v their_o malicious_a end_n than_o to_o promote_v the_o general_a affair_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o ignatius_n by_o pious_a admonition_n stave_v they_o off_o from_o further_a violence_n make_v they_o obedient_a and_o quiet_a command_v all_o to_o stand_v faithful_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o punish_v the_o chief_a of_o that_o sedition_n this_o supreme_a act_n of_o fidelity_n deserve_v a_o better_a esteem_n and_o acceptance_n than_o thâ—t_n which_o be_v return_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o court_n who_o slight_v this_o his_o allegiance_n send_v another_o viceroy_n in_o his_o place_n and_o command_v he_o to_o appear_v in_o court_n he_o than_o perceive_v they_o aim_v at_o his_o life_n and_o the_o soldier_n suspect_v the_o business_n and_o therefore_o mad_a with_o anger_n they_o all_o joint_o rise_v in_o arm_n for_o he_o swear_v they_o will_v live_v and_o die_v with_o he_o and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o present_v himself_o at_o court._n it_o be_v our_o duty_n say_v they_o to_o conserve_v thy_o life_n which_o have_v be_v so_o careful_a of_o we_o and_o we_o have_v strength_n and_o courage_n enough_o to_o resist_v all_o the_o force_n of_o thy_o perfidious_a enemy_n but_o ignatius_n be_v deaf_a to_o all_o these_o allurement_n tartar_n and_o study_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o sweeten_v their_o exulcerate_v mind_n always_o inculcate_v to_o they_o to_o die_v true_a and_o loyal_a to_o their_o sovereign_n service_n choose_v rather_o to_o water_v that_o ungrateful_a soil_n of_o his_o native_a country_n with_o the_o stream_n of_o his_o blood_n than_o either_o to_o spill_v his_o enemy_n blood_n by_o the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o his_o soldier_n or_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o tartarian_a king_n which_o offer_v he_o so_o fair_a preferment_n but_o many_o of_o his_o captain_n fall_v off_o to_o the_o tartar_n follow_v in_o this_o not_o his_o example_n but_o that_o of_o many_o other_o who_o they_o see_v eminent_o promote_v among_o the_o tartar_n some_o of_o those_o that_o then_o flee_v from_o the_o emperor_n be_v now_o chief_a commander_n under_o the_o tartarian_a king_n in_o their_o china_n empire_n some_o also_o have_v obtain_v the_o dignity_n of_o prince_n or_o royolet_n in_o several_a country_n for_o the_o reward_n of_o their_o valour_n and_o faithful_a service_n against_o china_n so_o much_o more_o pierce_a be_v that_o wedge_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o wood_n but_o although_o hitherto_o these_o tartarian_a war_n have_v cause_v great_a trouble_n &_o tempest_n in_o the_o china_n empire_n yet_o all_o thing_n now_o seem_v so_o calm_v and_o pacify_v as_o they_o seem_v secure_a from_o any_o further_a danger_n for_o the_o western_a part_n of_o leaotung_n be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a army_n in_o the_o island_n of_o cuckoe_n and_o the_o border_a quarter_n which_o hinder_v the_o tartar_n in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o country_n overthrow_n which_o they_o possess_v from_o further_a passage_n but_o now_o the_o chief_a danger_n be_v from_o the_o traitor_n and_o thief_n which_o be_v in_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o the_o country_n who_o final_o destroy_v it_o and_o give_v it_o up_o in_o prey_n to_o the_o tartar_n i_o touch_v something_o of_o their_o commotion_n before_o now_o we_o must_v treat_v a_o little_a more_o large_o of_o their_o proceed_n that_o the_o reader_n may_v see_v how_o the_o tartar_n come_v to_o subdue_v and_o conquer_v china_n the_o first_o combination_n of_o these_o rover_n appear_v in_o the_o remote_a country_n of_o suchuen_n thief_n who_o have_v pillage_v divers_a city_n and_o embolden_v by_o prosperous_a success_n venture_v to_o besiege_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o that_o country_n call_v cingtu_fw-la which_o they_o have_v infallible_o take_v if_o that_o valiant_a amazon_n who_o i_o mention_v before_o vanquish_v have_v not_o come_v to_o relieve_v it_o with_o her_o army_n but_o by_o her_o valour_n they_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o not_o be_v whole_o extinguish_v they_o retire_v into_o the_o mountain_n to_o recruit_v their_o force_n these_o be_v second_v by_o a_o like_a race_n of_o people_n in_o the_o province_n of_o queicheu_o who_o take_v occasion_n of_o rise_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o unjust_a sentence_n pass_v in_o a_o sure_a betwixt_o two_o grandee_n of_o that_o country_n he_o who_o lose_v the_o cause_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o governor_n these_o rove_a companion_n first_o kill_v all_o the_o magistrate_n which_o have_v pronounce_v that_o unjust_a sentence_n and_o then_o they_o defeat_v the_o viceroy_n his_o army_n thief_n yet_o afterward_o he_o rout_v they_o with_o a_o new_a army_n but_o can_v not_o extinguish_v they_o beside_o these_o the_o famine_n increase_v in_o the_o northern_a quarter_n in_o the_o country_n of_o xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a inundation_n of_o locust_n which_o devour_v all_o there_o rise_v up_o by_o this_o occasion_n many_o loose_a fellow_n which_o live_v by_o rapin._n these_o man_n at_o first_o be_v few_o in_o number_n and_o small_a in_o strength_n and_o after_o only_o prey_v in_o little_a place_n present_o flee_v to_o the_o mountain_n but_o find_v they_o get_v both_o meat_n and_o riches_n with_o little_a labour_n and_o less_o cost_n they_o quick_o get_v companion_n to_o reinforce_v they_o this_o sedition_n be_v also_o much_o augment_v by_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n his_o notable_a avarice_n avarice_n who_o so_o exhaust_v the_o people_n by_o impost_n and_o tax_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o year_n of_o the_o golden_a age._n the_o prefect_n of_o the_o province_n not_o be_v able_a present_o to_o repress_v the_o insolency_n of_o those_o people_n they_o daily_o increaf_v in_o courage_n and_o strength_n insomuch_o as_o in_o several_a country_n they_o have_v eight_o very_a considerable_a army_n they_o choose_v the_o strong_a &_o valiant_a man_n among_o they_o for_o their_o commander_n and_o these_o person_n be_v grow_v rich_a and_o potent_a by_o prey_v depose_v now_o the_o person_n of_o ringleader_n of_o thief_n and_o aspire_v to_o no_o less_o than_o to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n empire_n and_o at_o first_o they_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o every_o one_o pillage_n another_o of_o what_o he_o can_v but_o at_o length_n thing_n be_v bring_v to_o that_o pass_n that_o two_o of_o the_o commander_n be_v only_o leave_v alive_a these_o two_o prevail_v with_o the_o soldier_n of_o those_o that_o be_v kill_v to_o follow_v their_o ensign_n and_o fortune_n and_o they_o know_v well_o that_o 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against_o the_o tartar_n as_o all_o the_o horse_n will_v hardly_o have_v surmount_v it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o resolution_n and_o valour_n in_o war_n that_o carry_v the_o trophy_n not_o the_o number_n of_o man_n for_o hardly_o have_v the_o tartar_n set_v foot_n in_o their_o boat_n but_o the_o chineses_n run_v all_o away_o chinese_n as_o sheep_n use_v to_o do_v when_o they_o see_v the_o wolf_n leave_v the_o whole_a shore_n unfenced_a to_o their_o land_n the_o tartar_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n find_v no_o enemy_n to_o resist_v enter_v the_o most_o noble_a province_n of_o nank_v and_o in_o a_o trice_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n which_o be_v so_o vast_a as_o it_o be_v worthy_o call_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o deserve_v particular_o to_o be_v note_v as_o a_o rare_a thing_n in_o the_o warfare_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o before_o they_o enter_v into_o any_o 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deliver_v he_o to_o the_o tartarian_a army_n in_o the_o year_n mdcxliv_o this_o unfortunate_a prince_n be_v thus_o betray_v before_o he_o have_v reign_v full_a one_o year_n be_v send_v to_o peking_n and_o there_o upon_o the_o town_n wall_n be_v hang_v public_o in_o a_o bow_n string_n which_o kind_n of_o death_n the_o tartar_n esteem_v most_o noble_a the_o pretend_a son_n to_o the_o emperor_n zunchinius_n whether_o he_o be_v true_a or_o false_a run_v the_o same_o course_n of_o fortune_n when_o they_o have_v discover_v he_o be_v keep_v still_o in_o prison_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o put_v to_o death_n all_o those_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o taiminge_n by_o consanguinity_n but_o after_o a_o diligent_a search_n extirpate_v all_o they_o can_v find_v which_o belong_v to_o they_o even_o by_o affinity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o asia_n if_o any_o one_o conquer_v a_o kingdom_n to_o root_v out_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o royal_a family_n 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death_n not_o so_o bitter_a as_o if_o he_o fall_v from_o the_o throne_n of_o a_o emperor_n but_o yet_o to_o the_o end_n to_o animate_v they_o to_o fight_v with_o more_o vigour_n than_o they_o have_v do_v heretofore_o he_o promise_v they_o to_o take_v that_o title_n when_o they_o have_v regained_n one_o imperial_a city_n he_o have_v not_o reign_v three_o day_n a_o short_a space_n than_o their_o personate_a king_n use_v many_o time_n to_o reign_v in_o their_o tragedy_n but_o the_o tartar_n arrive_v which_o the_o fugitive_a soldier_n see_v &_o think_v by_o this_o pinch_n of_o necessity_n to_o force_v their_o pay_n from_o the_o king_n and_o city_n refuse_v to_o fight_v before_o they_o have_v receive_v their_o salary_n it_o be_v on_o this_o occasion_n that_o king_n lovangus_n his_o heart_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v such_o a_o desolation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o his_o people_n and_o subject_n subject_n as_o he_o foresee_v give_v such_o a_o example_n of_o his_o humanity_n and_o piety_n as_o europe_n never_o see_v for_o he_o mount_v upon_o the_o city_n wall_n and_o call_v upon_o his_o knee_n to_o the_o tartarian_a captain_n beg_v the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n spare_v not_o i_o quoth_v he_o i_o will_v willing_o be_v my_o subject_n victim_n &_o have_v say_v this_o he_o present_o go_v out_o to_o the_o tartar_n army_n and_o be_v take_v this_o illustrious_a testimony_n of_o his_o love_n to_o his_o subject_n have_v not_o want_v a_o reward_n to_o crown_n so_o heroic_a a_o action_n if_o it_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o generous_a soul_n like_o that_o of_o alexander_n or_o of_o caesar._n when_o they_o have_v the_o king_n prisoner_n they_o command_v the_o citizen_n to_o shut_v the_o gate_n and_o keep_v the_o wall_n lest_o either_o their_o own_o or_o the_o king_n soldier_n shall_v enter_v the_o city_n and_o
present_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o king_n man_n who_o they_o butcher_v in_o a_o most_o cruel_a manner_n but_o yet_o the_o water_n destroy_v more_o than_o their_o sword_n or_o arrow_n for_o many_o cast_v themselves_o headlong_o into_o the_o great_a river_n of_o cianthang_n which_o be_v a_o league_n broad_a and_o run_v near_o the_o city_n other_o leap_v and_o overcharge_v the_o boat_n in_o the_o river_n be_v present_o sink_v drown_v other_o fly_v away_o full_a of_o fear_n and_o confusion_n thrust_v one_o another_o at_o the_o river_n side_n into_o that_o unmerciful_a element_n and_o by_o all_o these_o many_o thousand_o perish_v the_o tartar_n want_v boat_n to_o pass_v this_o river_n take_v have_v thus_o expel_v or_o kill_v the_o soldiery_n they_o return_v triumphant_a to_o the_o city_n where_o they_o use_v neither_o force_n nor_o violence_n by_o which_o mean_v this_o noble_a city_n be_v conserve_v who_o beauty_n greatness_n and_o riches_n i_o hope_v to_o describe_v elsewhere_o not_o by_o hear-say_n but_o by_o what_o i_o see_v in_o the_o three_o year_n space_n i_o live_v in_o it_o from_o which_o i_o late_o come_v into_o europe_n this_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la have_v a_o artificial_a channel_n or_o dike_n to_o pass_v by_o water_n to_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n this_o channel_n be_v only_o separate_v by_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o way_n like_o a_o causeway_n from_o the_o river_n which_o as_o i_o say_v run_v on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o city_n the_o tartar_n therefore_o draw_v many_o boat_n out_o of_o this_o channel_n over_o the_o causeway_n into_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o these_o boat_n they_o pass_v the_o river_n without_o resistance_n and_o find_v the_o fair_a city_n in_o all_o china_n call_v xaok_v prone_a enough_o to_o submit_v to_o their_o victorious_a arm_n this_o city_n in_o bigness_n yield_v to_o many_o other_o but_o in_o cleanness_n and_o comeliness_n it_o surpass_v all_o it_o be_v so_o environ_v 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the_o empire_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o tartar_n have_v send_v for_o new_a force_n out_o of_o peking_n with_o which_o they_o leave_v never_o a_o stone_n unturned_a that_o they_o may_v get_v over_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a the_o droop_a affair_n therefore_o of_o the_o chinois_n now_o breathe_v again_o nay_o have_v gather_v together_o more_o force_n they_o promise_v themselves_o great_a victory_n but_o the_o ambition_n and_o emulation_n of_o rull_v frustrate_v all_o their_o hope_n for_o the_o commander_n and_o precedent_n which_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o chekian_n into_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n carry_v with_o they_o one_o of_o taiminga_n family_n call_v thangus_fw-la and_o this_o man_n they_o choose_v king_n in_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n which_o confine_n with_o chekiang_n this_o prince_n pretend_v that_o the_o king_n call_v lu._n shall_v yield_v up_o his_o right_n to_o he_o both_o because_o he_o have_v but_o a_o few_o city_n under_o he_o and_o also_o because_o he_o be_v further_o remove_v from_o the_o imperial_a race_n than_o he_o be_v but_o king_n lu._n pretend_v he_o be_v proclaim_v by_o the_o army_n before_o he_o and_o fail_v not_o to_o set_v forth_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o tartar_n by_o which_o two_o contention_n the_o tartar_n keep_v the_o crown_n for_o these_o two_o royalet_n will_v never_o yield_v to_o one_o another_o nor_o so_o unite_v their_o army_n as_o joint_o to_o repress_v the_o tartar_n since_o therefore_o this_o petty_a king_n lu._n have_v only_o eight_o city_n under_o his_o command_n who_o contribution_n be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o necessary_a pay_n of_o his_o army_n he_o never_o dare_v venture_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n but_o endeavour_v only_o to_o defend_v himself_o but_o the_o tartar_n seek_v all_o mean_n possible_o to_o get_v over_o this_o river_n yet_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v to_o pass_v in_o boat_n because_o king_n lu._n have_v many_o ship_n and_o good_a store_n of_o artillery_n which_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o sea_n but_o the_o tartar_n felicity_n and_o prosperous_a fortune_n overcome_v this_o difficulty_n for_o as_o it_o happen_v that_o year_n be_v dry_a than_o ordinary_a this_o river_n towards_o the_o south_n where_o it_o run_v betwixt_o high_a mountain_n and_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o flow_a of_o the_o sea_n have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o depth_n xaâ—king_v and_o here_o the_o tartar_n horse_n find_v it_o passable_a and_o because_o the_o rudeness_n of_o those_o mountain_n seem_v a_o sufficient_a guard_n to_o the_o country_n they_o find_v no_o soldier_n to_o resist_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o clown_n espy_v twenty_o of_o their_o horse_n to_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n they_o present_o advertise_v the_o army_n and_o they_o all_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n king_n lu._n himself_o leave_v the_o city_n xaok_v and_o not_o dare_v to_o trust_v himself_o to_o the_o continent_n he_o take_v ship_n and_o fail_v to_o the_o island_n call_v cheuxan_n which_o lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o city_n of_o nimpus_fw-la where_o he_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n safe_a and_o keep_v still_o his_o regal_a dignity_n kingdom_n which_o island_n be_v heretofore_o only_o a_o retreit_n for_o fisheman_n and_o some_o clown_n now_o be_v become_v a_o potent_a kingdom_n by_o reason_n that_o many_o fly_n from_o china_n to_o this_o king_n lu._n as_o to_o their_o sanctuary_n to_o conserve_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o hair_n in_o this_o island_n there_o be_v now_o find_v three_o score_n and_o ten_o city_n with_o a_o strong_a and_o formidable_a army_n which_o hitherto_o have_v contemn_v all_o the_o tartarian_a power_n and_o force_n and_o watch_v for_o some_o happy_a occasion_n to_o advance_v again_o their_o kingdom_n in_o china_n but_o by_o this_o mean_n the_o tartar_n take_v all_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o county_n of_o chekiang_n into_o their_o dominion_n one_o only_a city_n of_o kinhoa_n who_o precedent_n be_v aswell_o a_o native_a of_o the_o place_n as_o also_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a and_o my_o very_a singular_a friend_n sustain_v the_o tartar_n assault_n for_o some_o month_n but_o to_o the_o end_n the_o resistance_n of_o this_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o the_o course_n of_o their_o victory_n the_o tartar_n divide_v their_o army_n into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o part_n march_v by_o the_o city_n kiucheu_o and_o the_o mountain_n the_o second_o by_o the_o city_n vencheu_o and_o the_o sea_n shore_n destroy_v into_o the_o province_n of_o fâ—kien_n and_o the_o three_o obstinate_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o kinhoa_n at_o which_o time_n i_o by_o leave_n from_o the_o emperor_n longuvus_fw-la reside_v in_o henxus_fw-la a_o city_n subject_a to_o that_o of_o venchen_n which_o present_o after_o be_v besiege_v and_o take_v by_o the_o
this_o be_v do_v than_o he_o resolve_v to_o display_v his_o banner_n and_o ensign_n in_o so_o pious_a a_o cause_n as_o the_o drive_v out_o the_o common_a enemy_n from_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o under_o this_o pretext_n they_o will_v all_o have_v follow_v help_v and_o even_o adore_v he_o as_o their_o saviour_n it_o be_v therefore_o evident_a that_o he_o have_v secret_a correspondence_n with_o the_o tartar_n and_o that_o he_o favour_v they_o for_o his_o own_o profit_n and_o that_o which_o make_v the_o business_n more_o suspicious_a be_v that_o at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o tartar_n make_v their_o irruption_n into_o fokien_n he_o be_v then_o declare_v lord_n marshal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o all_o the_o general_n commander_n and_o soldier_n be_v either_o of_o his_o affinity_n or_o whole_o at_o his_o command_n and_o obedience_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o the_o tartar_n find_v a_o easy_a admittance_n into_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n of_o which_o they_o present_o make_v he_o king_n pingnan_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v pacifier_n of_o the_o south_n and_o they_o add_v many_o other_o dignity_n art_n and_o office_n of_o trust_n that_o they_o may_v more_o specious_o illude_v he_o for_o either_o they_o know_v his_o aspire_a mind_n or_o else_o his_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v suspicious_a and_o formidable_a to_o they_o but_o yet_o all_o the_o while_n that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n remain_v in_o fokien_n they_o never_o express_v the_o least_o diffidence_n in_o he_o but_o both_o with_o favour_n courtesy_n present_n and_o honour_n they_o study_v how_o further_o to_o engage_v he_o and_o promise_v he_o the_o government_n of_o many_o more_o province_n he_o make_v himself_o therefore_o secure_a of_o the_o government_n of_o all_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o all_o happen_v quite_o contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n for_o when_o this_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v observe_v as_o a_o little_a king_n be_v to_o depart_v to_o peking_n the_o custom_n be_v for_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o conduct_v he_o for_o some_o part_n of_o his_o journey_n to_o give_v he_o a_o honourable_a farewell_n which_o last_o duty_n of_o civility_n iquan_n can_v not_o handsome_o avoid_v nor_o indeed_o have_v he_o any_o reason_n to_o be_v diffident_a in_o he_o so_o as_o he_o leave_v his_o navy_n in_o the_o port_n of_o eocheu_fw-la and_o accompany_v the_o royolet_n with_o great_a splendour_n and_o magnificence_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o take_v leave_n and_o demand_v licence_n to_o return_v the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n invite_v he_o a_o long_a to_o peking_n where_o he_o promise_v he_o yet_o great_a honour_n from_o the_o king_n own_o person_n to_o reward_v his_o merit_n he_o endeavour_v by_o all_o imaginable_a impediment_n to_o excuse_v this_o journey_n but_o nothing_o be_v accept_v he_o be_v force_v by_o their_o kindness_n to_o accompany_v they_o to_o peking_n and_o so_o he_o be_v take_v by_o art_n who_o by_o arm_n seem_v insuperable_a he_o be_v yet_o detain_v in_o prison_n in_o peking_n because_o his_o brother_n and_o kindred_n hear_v of_o his_o captivity_n present_o seize_v on_o the_o fleet_n with_o which_o they_o have_v much_o infest_a china_n as_o we_o shall_v touch_v hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o other_o army_n which_o have_v pass_v the_o mediterranean_a province_n of_o huquang_n quangsi_n kiansi_fw-la and_o quamgtung_n invade_v the_o country_n of_o quangsi_n but_o here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n which_o hitherto_o be_v hold_v invincible_a be_v show_v to_o beweak_n &_o where_o they_o least_o expect_a opposition_n there_o they_o find_v a_o stop_n to_o their_o conquest_n it_o happen_v that_o in_o this_o province_n of_o quangsi_n the_o viceroy_n call_v khiu_n thomas_n be_v a_o christian_a and_o also_o all_o the_o militia_n of_o that_o country_n be_v command_v by_o ching_n lucas_n who_o family_n for_o five_o generation_n have_v serve_v the_o emperor_n of_o china_n with_o as_o much_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n as_o they_o do_v christ._n these_o two_o have_v gather_v many_o together_o which_o flee_v from_o all_o part_n into_o quangsi_n after_o the_o tartar_n have_v take_v many_o place_n in_o the_o country_n overthrow_v the_o tartarian_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n and_o pass_v into_o the_o confine_a province_n of_o quamgtung_n they_o recover_v all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o it_o after_o this_o that_o they_o may_v have_v a_o head_n to_o fight_v for_o and_o who_o may_v command_v and_o govern_v they_o in_o all_o occurrence_n and_o withal_o to_o draw_v the_o mind_n and_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n to_o the_o common_a defence_n of_o the_o country_n know_v that_o in_o the_o city_n of_o queilin_n which_o be_v the_o head_n city_n of_o quangsi_n china_n there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o taiminge_n family_n live_v who_o be_v nephew_n to_o the_o great_a vanleius_fw-la they_o elect_v he_o emperor_n and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o jungley_n this_o prince_n fix_v his_o imperial_a seat_n in_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o chatk_v in_o the_o province_n of_o quamgtung_n and_o hitherto_o have_v fight_v several_a time_n with_o the_o tartar_n with_o good_a success_n and_o in_o this_o prince_n court_n the_o chief_a euncuh_o call_v pang_n acbilleus_fw-la be_v the_o great_a favourite_n and_o a_o great_a servant_n of_o christ_n who_o he_o have_v long_o profess_v sincere_o to_o worship_n both_o by_o word_n and_o deed_n for_o to_o propagate_v christianity_n he_o have_v ever_o maintain_v a_o mission_n of_o jesuit_n about_o he_o by_o who_o painful_a endeavour_n many_o have_v embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o christ._n and_o among_o other_o the_o very_a mother_n of_o this_o emperor_n his_o wife_n and_o his_o elder_a son_n christian._n heir_n of_o the_o empire_n call_v constantin_n do_v all_o embrace_n christianity_n may_v this_o man_n by_o the_o prayer_n of_o all_o christian_n prove_v another_o constantine_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n the_o emperor_n himself_o be_v not_o averse_a from_o christianity_n but_o hitherto_o he_o have_v defer_v his_o baptism_n but_o yet_o he_o permit_v his_o wife_n to_o send_v a_o father_n of_o the_o society_n to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a as_o all_o europe_n have_v hear_v god_n of_o his_o goodness_n grant_v he_o that_o felicity_n which_o may_v redound_v to_o the_o universal_a good_a of_o china_n and_o god_n great_a glory_n but_o it_o be_v not_o only_o in_o quangsi_n that_o the_o chineses_n begin_v to_o resume_v their_o courage_n fokien_n but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n also_o for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o tartarian_a army_n call_v back_o to_o peking_n but_o a_o petty_a heathen_a priest_n break_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o fokien_n with_o a_o band_n of_o seditious_a fellow_n and_o subdue_a the_o tartarian_a garrison_n take_v the_o fair_a city_n of_o kienning_n and_o many_o other_o from_o their_o subjection_n and_o other_o which_o lie_v lurk_v in_o the_o mountain_n follow_v his_o example_n recover_v also_o many_o other_o city_n about_o which_o time_n also_o the_o friend_n and_o kindred_n of_o the_o captive_a iquon_n do_v extreme_o infest_v the_o sea_n and_o make_v descent_n upon_o the_o land_n vex_v the_o province_n extreme_o about_o the_o quarter_n of_o sivencheu_o and_o changcheu_fw-la at_o this_o time_n a_o chief_a governor_n of_o the_o tartarian_n viceroy_n of_o two_o province_n be_v at_o cheksang_n who_o hear_v of_o these_o commotion_n come_v present_o by_o night_n in_o great_a haste_n with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v make_v towards_o the_o mountain_n of_o fokien_n for_o he_o with_o reason_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o those_o place_n which_o if_o they_o have_v do_v the_o whole_a province_n have_v be_v regained_n but_o when_o this_o viceroy_n call_v changus_n find_v the_o mountain_n and_o passage_n clear_a &_o no_o opposition_n make_v in_o such_o difficult_a place_n he_o then_o proclaim_v himself_o victorious_a and_o his_o enemy_n perfidious_a rebel_n wherefore_o come_v without_o resistance_n into_o the_o country_n vain_a he_o besiege_v the_o city_n kienning_n which_o be_v defend_v by_o vangus_n this_o siege_n hold_v some_o week_n but_o he_o never_o can_v take_v the_o place_n by_o force_n and_o therefore_o have_v lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n by_o assault_n he_o judge_v it_o best_o rather_o to_o block_n up_o the_o place_n afar_o off_o than_o to_o besiege_v it_o so_o close_a and_o near_o but_o yet_o by_o this_o he_o hinder_v other_o force_n from_o join_v with_o vangus_n so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o sally_v out_o upon_o they_o when_o the_o noise_n of_o these_o commotion_n come_v to_o peking_n the_o emperor_n present_o send_v a_o new_a supply_n to_o appease_v these_o tumult_n and_o this_o fresh_a army_n come_v to_o join_v
with_o the_o other_o raze_v bring_v the_o city_n to_o great_a strait_n but_o yet_o they_o can_v not_o win_v it_o till_o at_o length_n they_o find_v mean_n by_o a_o rare_a invention_n to_o transport_v their_o canon_n over_o the_o mountain_n upon_o porter_n shoulder_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o dismantle_v the_o town_n and_o put_v all_o whatsoever_o to_o the_o sword_n to_o the_o number_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o person_n as_o my_o own_o friend_n write_v unto_o i_o and_o not_o content_a with_o this_o they_o set_v fire_n on_o the_o town_n and_o bring_v it_o all_o to_o ash_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o stately_a church_n erect_v by_o the_o christian_n for_o the_o service_n of_o god_n be_v also_o consume_v by_o that_o devour_a flame_n yet_o the_o priest_n that_o serve_v in_o that_o church_n get_v out_o miraculous_o as_o lot_n do_v out_o of_o sodom_n which_o name_n be_v appropriate_v to_o this_o city_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o infamous_a vice_n this_o city_n be_v take_v it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o recover_v the_o country_n for_o some_o flee_v to_o save_v themselves_o in_o the_o mountain_n other_o run_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o when_o this_o new_a army_n have_v pacify_v all_o they_o be_v call_v back_o to_o peking_n where_o it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o observe_v the_o policy_n which_o the_o tartar_n use_v in_o the_o government_n and_o order_n of_o their_o army_n they_o be_v ever_o call_v back_o some_o and_o send_v out_o other_o in_o which_o proceed_v they_o aim_v at_o two_o thing_n first_o to_o keep_v the_o country_n in_o awe_n and_o subjection_n by_o see_v variety_n of_o troop_n continual_o pass_v up_o and_o down_o and_o second_o to_o provide_v for_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o soldier_n for_o the_o wealthy_a soldier_n be_v call_v back_o to_o recreate_v and_o ease_v labour_n and_o the_o poor_a soldier_n see_v his_o companion_n grow_v rich_a takes_z heart_n and_o courage_n to_o run_v the_o same_o course_n upon_o hope_n of_o the_o like_a good_a fortune_n yet_o for_o all_o these_o prevention_n and_o caution_n their_o empire_n be_v not_o so_o establish_v but_o by_o frequent_a rebellion_n it_o be_v often_o endanger_v and_o particular_o by_o one_o rebellion_n which_o now_o i_o will_v relate_v which_o shake_v shrewd_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o new_a empire_n the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v of_o so_o vast_a a_o extent_n garrison_n as_o it_o be_v a_o business_n of_o main_a importance_n to_o distribute_v judicious_o the_o army_n and_o garrison_n now_o because_o the_o tartar_n alone_o can_v suffice_v to_o furnish_v both_o they_o be_v force_v to_o use_v the_o help_n of_o the_o chinese_n themselves_o although_o they_o have_v a_o special_a care_n never_o to_o leave_v or_o place_v either_o commander_n or_o soldier_n who_o be_v a_o native_a in_o the_o same_o country_n yet_o this_o care_n can_v not_o exempt_v they_o from_o several_a treason_n and_o rebellion_n though_o they_o distribute_v &_o order_v their_o militia_n with_o great_a circumspection_n for_o the_o chief_a commander_n or_o governor_n reside_v in_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n who_o all_o inferior_a officer_n obey_v this_o man_n maintain_v always_o a_o complete_a army_n which_o he_o command_v to_o march_v when_o he_o hear_v of_o any_o rise_n every_o city_n have_v also_o their_o own_o proper_a governor_n with_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o soldier_n but_o those_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v tartar_n and_o these_o be_v chine_n but_o all_o this_o political_a and_o wellestablished_n government_n can_v not_o defend_v they_o from_o traitor_n among_o themselves_o the_o first_o man_n that_o do_v revolt_v from_o they_o be_v one_o kinus_n governor_n of_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n rebell_v this_o man_n be_v bear_v in_o leaotung_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o country_n that_o border_n upon_o tartary_n the_o king_n common_o must_v confide_n in_o the_o native_n of_o that_o province_n it_o happen_v i_o know_v not_o how_o that_o this_o governor_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o corruption_n and_o avarice_n of_o the_o visitor_n of_o the_o country_n have_v some_o contest_v with_o he_o which_o grow_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o a_o secret_a hatred_n kiansi_fw-la and_o although_o they_o both_o dissemble_v their_o private_a malice_n as_o usual_o they_o do_v in_o china_n yet_o at_o length_n the_o flame_n break_v out_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o country_n for_o be_v the_o one_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o the_o other_o of_o justice_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o often_o meeting_n &_o feast_n also_o it_o happen_v once_o that_o whilst_o they_o be_v feast_v with_o a_o sumptuous_a banquet_n they_o be_v also_o entertain_v by_o a_o pleasant_a comedy_n in_o which_o the_o actor_n be_v attire_v with_o the_o habit_n of_o china_n which_o be_v more_o comely_a and_o fair_a than_o those_o which_o the_o tartar_n use_n upon_o which_o occasion_n kinus_n turn_v himself_o to_o the_o visitor_n say_v be_v not_o this_o habit_n better_o &_o grave_a than_o we_o this_o innocent_a speech_n be_v interpret_v by_o his_o corrival_n judge_n as_o if_o he_o have_v contemn_v the_o edict_n about_o change_v of_o habit_n and_o express_v too_o much_o love_n to_o the_o chine_n garment_n before_o those_o of_o the_o tartar_n and_o of_o this_o he_o send_v a_o express_a to_o advertise_v the_o emperor_n but_o the_o governor_n kinus_n have_v corrupt_v a_o secretary_n which_o serve_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n who_o give_v he_o intelligence_n of_o all_o that_o pass_v in_o word_n or_o deed_n in_o his_o master_n house_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n that_o this_o letter_n be_v send_v to_o the_o court_n he_o present_o dispatch_v those_o who_o intercept_v the_o packet_n which_o the_o governor_n have_v read_v go_v present_o arm_v to_o the_o judge_n palace_n who_o he_o sudden_o kill_v then_o present_o he_o with_o the_o whole_a province_n revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n and_o with_o the_o great_a applause_n of_o all_o the_o chinese_n he_o submit_v himself_o to_o jungley_n the_o new_a elect_a emperor_n one_o only_a city_n call_v cancheu_fw-la which_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o incorrupted_a tartar_n refuse_v to_o submit_v which_o be_v the_o whole_a and_o only_a cause_n that_o the_o tartar_n do_v recover_v the_o two_o province_n kiansi_fw-fr and_z quamtung_v both_o which_o province_n revolt_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o their_o commander_n and_o both_o submit_v also_o to_o the_o new_a elect_a emperor_n tartar_n â—ihuzus_o be_v governor_n of_o quamgtung_n at_o that_o time_n who_o resolve_v to_o join_v his_o force_n with_o kinus_n and_o so_o to_o cast_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o the_o empire_n which_o it_o be_v believe_v they_o may_v have_v effect_v if_o the_o governor_n of_o cancheu_o which_o be_v the_o key_n and_o entrance_n into_o four_o province_n have_v not_o cunnig_o undermine_v all_o their_o design_n and_o intention_n but_o this_o man_n hear_v that_o lihuzus_fw-la have_v revolt_v and_o march_v to_o join_v his_o army_n with_o kinus_n dispatch_v to_o he_o this_o deceitful_a letter_n cancheu_fw-la i_o have_v not_o hitherto_o submit_v to_o kinus_n because_o i_o know_v his_o force_n be_v not_o equal_a nor_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o tartar_n but_o see_v thou_o most_o renown_a and_o valiant_a captain_n begin_v also_o to_o march_v against_o they_o my_o hope_n concern_v they_o be_v at_o end_n i_o be_o thou_o and_o embrace_v thy_o cause_n whensoever_o thou_o shall_v come_v or_o send_v i_o will_v render_v my_o city_n to_o thou_o or_o thou_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o send_v to_o all_o the_o governor_n in_o fokien_n to_o send_v he_o secret_o all_o the_o possible_a succour_n they_o can_v raise_v altogether_o lihuzus_fw-la have_v receive_v the_o letter_n march_v towards_o he_o cheerful_o and_o confident_o but_o though_o he_o find_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n open_a yet_o he_o be_v furious_o repel_v by_o the_o tartarian_n opposition_n which_o unexpected_a accident_n so_o astonish_v his_o soldier_n as_o many_o of_o they_o perish_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v think_v himself_o be_v kill_v for_o he_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o after_o this_o reverse_n and_o cross_a fortune_n do_v much_o disturb_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o emperor_n iangley_n affair_n though_o kinus_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v many_o singular_a victory_n over_o the_o tartar_n for_o when_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o china_n who_o have_v place_v his_o chief_a seat_n in_o nank_v have_v gather_v great_a force_n to_o repress_v his_o aspire_a mind_n yet_o he_o be_v several_a time_n rout_v &_o overthrow_v by_o he_o and_o if_o kinus_n have_v pursue_v the_o course_n of_o his_o victory_n he_o may_v have_v come_v to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o nank_v but_o he_o be_v solicitous_a of_o the_o city_n of_o cancheu_fw-la which_o oblige_v he_o to_o a_o retreit_n for_o
neither_o be_v it_o safe_a for_o he_o to_o leave_v a_o enemy_n behind_o he_o nor_o can_v be_v receive_v victual_n from_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n but_o by_o cancheu_o which_o be_v the_o natural_a descent_n of_o the_o river_n and_o therefore_o when_o he_o hear_v of_o lihuzu_n defeat_n he_o present_o besiege_v that_o city_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n but_o whilst_o he_o be_v besiege_v this_o city_n there_o come_v unfortunate_o a_o new_a army_n of_o tartar_n from_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n which_o have_v order_n to_o recover_v this_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o therefore_o kinus_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v his_o siege_n to_o oppose_v their_o entrance_n by_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o at_o first_o have_v a_o vast_a army_n and_o use_v to_o the_o tartarian_a warfare_n he_o fight_v both_o valiant_o and_o happy_o but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v any_o long_o their_o redouble_a violent_a assault_n tartar_n he_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v for_o his_o security_n to_o nanchang_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o that_o country_n which_o city_n the_o tartar_n dare_v not_o venture_v to_o take_v by_o force_n but_o resolve_v to_o reduce_v it_o by_o a_o long_a siege_n for_o which_o end_n they_o gather_v together_o a_o company_n of_o country_n clown_n to_o make_v a_o large_a and_o spacious_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o city_n to_o the_o river_n and_o there_o they_o place_v ship_n so_o as_o no_o provision_n can_v possible_o enter_v this_o city_n of_o nanchang_n be_v great_a and_o extreme_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n beside_o the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n which_o defend_v it_o at_o that_o time_n so_o as_o although_o kinus_n have_v make_v great_a provision_n for_o a_o siege_n yet_o after_o some_o month_n he_o come_v to_o great_a want_n and_o penury_n and_o yet_o he_o hold_v it_o out_o though_o many_o die_v expect_v still_o some_o succour_n from_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n which_o can_v not_o be_v send_v because_o the_o soldier_n of_o quamgtung_n can_v never_o subdue_v the_o city_n of_o chancheu_fw-la by_o which_o his_o succour_n be_v to_o pass_v wherefore_o kinus_n be_v bring_v to_o great_a extremity_n express_v his_o mind_n to_o his_o soldier_n in_o these_o word_n there_o be_v no_o further_a hope_n my_o faithful_a companion_n but_o in_o our_o own_o valour_n and_o strength_n we_o must_v force_v our_o way_n through_o the_o tartarian_a army_n by_o dint_n of_o sword_n be_v courageous_a and_o follow_v my_o example_n city_n and_o have_v order_v all_o affair_n he_o sudden_o make_v a_o sally_n out_o of_o the_o town_n upon_o their_o trench_n where_o though_o he_o find_v a_o vigorous_a opposition_n yet_o with_o great_a difficulty_n he_o pass_v and_o force_v their_o trench_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o save_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n have_v kill_v many_o tartar_n for_o it_o be_v constant_o report_v that_o kinus_n with_o a_o good_a part_n of_o his_o army_n live_v in_o the_o mountain_n expect_v there_o some_o good_a occasion_n to_o renew_v the_o war._n he_o be_v thus_o escape_v destroy_v the_o tartar_n pillage_v the_o city_n and_o put_v all_o the_o citizen_n to_o the_o sword_n for_o it_o be_v the_o tartar_n custom_n to_o spare_v all_o city_n which_o submit_v to_o they_o and_o to_o those_o which_o have_v make_v resistance_n before_o they_o be_v take_v they_o be_v more_o cruel_a but_o they_o never_o spare_v or_o pardon_v those_o city_n which_o revolt_v after_o they_o have_v once_o be_v take_v in_o this_o slaughter_n they_o kill_v the_o two_o priest_n which_o there_o assist_v the_o christian_n and_o their_o ancient_a and_o fair_a church_n be_v burn_v in_o the_o city_n after_o this_o the_o tartar_n easy_o recover_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o have_v appease_v all_o and_o leave_v new_a garrison_n in_o all_o place_n the_o army_n return_v victorious_a to_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o peking_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n this_o court_n prepare_v new_a army_n to_o reduce_v quamgtung_n with_o the_o other_o province_n which_o acknowledge_v jungley_n for_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n for_o the_o tutor_n to_o the_o young_a king_n of_o tartary_n find_v the_o defection_n and_o rebellion_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n to_o be_v very_o frequent_a resolve_v to_o give_v those_o quarter_n over_o to_o some_o tributary_n royolet_n china_n the_o better_a to_o contain_v those_o country_n in_o their_o duty_n wherefore_o in_o the_o year_n mdcxlix_o he_o send_v three_o army_n consist_v partly_o of_o tartar_n and_o partly_o of_o chineses_n under_o three_o tributary_n princess_n to_o govern_v these_o province_n with_o absolute_a power_n and_o dominion_n one_o of_o these_o be_v king_n of_o fokien_n another_o of_o quamgtung_n and_o the_o three_o of_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n but_o with_o this_o condition_n that_o first_o of_o all_o they_o shall_v join_v their_o force_n to_o recover_v the_o country_n of_o quamgtung_n and_o drive_v away_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n but_o we_o shall_v say_v more_o of_o this_o hereafter_o now_o have_v see_v the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o south_n let_v we_o look_v a_o little_a back_n on_o the_o rebellion_n in_o the_o north_n against_o the_o tartar_n also_o in_o these_o northern_a part_n the_o chineses_n show_v their_o desire_n of_o liberty_n as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o south_n where_o the_o commander_n though_o overthrow_v yet_o not_o take_v retire_v into_o the_o abrupt_a and_o precipitious_a mountain_n where_o they_o hold_v counsel_n how_o they_o may_v shake_v off_o the_o tartar_n dominion_n three_o of_o these_o head_n inhabit_v the_o thick_a and_o high_a place_n of_o that_o mountainous_a country_n tartar_n the_o chief_a of_o who_o be_v call_v house_n this_o man_n be_v strong_a in_o man_n invite_v the_o rest_n to_o join_v with_o he_o to_o deliver_v his_o country_n from_o this_o miserable_a thraldom_n one_o of_o they_o consent_v the_o other_o can_v not_o come_v but_o send_v he_o two_o thousand_o man_n to_o assist_v he_o so_o as_o house_n march_v out_o with_o five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n which_o be_v no_o contemptible_a army_n if_o they_o have_v be_v as_o courageous_a as_o numerous_a he_o put_v out_o a_o proclamation_n in_o which_o he_o challenge_v the_o tartar_n and_o threaten_v they_o all_o extremity_n and_o to_o the_o chinese_n he_o promise_v all_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n and_o upon_o these_o hope_n many_o town_n and_o city_n admit_v he_o very_o willing_o sigan_n the_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o country_n be_v the_o only_a place_n able_a to_o resist_v he_o have_v within_o its_o wall_n three_o thousand_o tartar_n and_o two_o thousand_o select_a man_n of_o china_n who_o serve_v the_o tartar_n the_o governor_n of_o this_o town_n hear_v of_o house_n his_o motion_n gather_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o a_o long_a siege_n till_o a_o new_a supply_n of_o tartarian_a force_n can_v be_v send_v he_o but_o when_o be_v hear_v that_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n in_o the_o country_n do_v voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o house_n governor_n to_o prevent_v the_o like_a effect_n in_o this_o city_n he_o resolve_v to_o murder_v all_o the_o citizen_n most_o barbarous_o nor_o will_v he_o ever_o be_v remove_v from_o this_o unhuman_a sentence_n till_o the_o viceroy_n command_v and_o persuade_v and_o the_o citizen_n promise_v all_o faithful_a service_n at_o length_n he_o change_v this_o tyrannical_a counsel_n but_o he_o command_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n that_o the_o chinese_n who_o love_v so_o much_o their_o hair_n that_o they_o only_o cut_v a_o little_a of_o it_o away_o about_o their_o temple_n shall_v hereafter_o shave_v it_o off_o whole_o and_o total_o that_o so_o he_o may_v distinguish_v the_o citizen_n from_o any_o other_o if_o perchance_o they_o enter_v he_o ordain_v beside_o that_o if_o any_o speak_v more_o than_o two_o together_o they_o shall_v all_o be_v present_o kill_v he_o forbid_v all_o man_n to_o walk_v upon_o the_o wall_n or_o to_o walk_v in_o the_o street_n by_o night_n or_o to_o keep_v a_o fire_n or_o candle_n in_o his_o house_n by_o night_n and_o final_o disarm_v all_o declare_v it_o death_n to_o infringe_v any_o of_o these_o order_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v besiege_v he_o send_v out_o some_o scoot_n to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n strength_n who_o be_v partly_o kill_v and_o partly_o come_v fly_v back_o to_o the_o city_n but_o this_o tartarian_a governor_n as_o well_o to_o make_v a_o ostentation_n of_o his_o strength_n as_o of_o his_o security_n command_v the_o city_n gate_n to_o be_v leave_v open_a nor_o will_v he_o permit_v the_o draw_n bridge_n to_o be_v raise_v or_o pull_v up_o to_o show_v he_o fear_v nothing_o but_o for_o all_o this_o the_o commander_n house_n besiege_n this_o city_n afar_o off_o which_o be_v three_o league_n compass_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o artillery_n and_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v make_v a_o show_n of_o
tartar_n do_v invade_v not_o only_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o oriental_a part_n but_o also_o the_o occidental_a quarter_n of_o that_o vast_a kingdom_n but_o before_o i_o begin_v to_o speak_v of_o this_o monster_n of_o nature_n i_o must_v ingenious_o confess_v tyrant_n i_o be_o both_o ashamed_a and_o also_o touch_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o horror_n to_o declare_v his_o villainy_n both_o in_o respect_n they_o seem_v to_o exceed_v all_o belief_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v perchance_o be_v hold_v to_o write_v fable_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v no_o grateful_a thing_n to_o make_v reflection_n on_o such_o subject_n yet_o i_o may_v sincere_o protest_v that_o i_o have_v in_o my_o hand_n a_o long_a relation_n of_o all_o his_o act_n write_v by_o two_o religious_a person_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n to_o exercise_v their_o function_n which_o country_n be_v the_o theatre_n of_o all_o his_o brutality_n which_o i_o shall_v relate_v and_o because_o i_o judge_v these_o two_o person_n to_o be_v of_o a_o incorrupted_a faith_n i_o judge_v therefore_o that_o a_o mortal_a man_n may_v arrive_v to_o this_o pitch_n of_o wickedness_n and_o inhuman_a cruelty_n i_o therefore_o gather_v out_o of_o that_o relation_n what_o i_o here_o relate_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o vast_a mass_n of_o such_o abominable_a cruelty_n as_o i_o doubt_v not_o even_o the_o most_o mild_a reader_n will_v take_v the_o author_n to_o be_v no_o man_n but_o some_o horrid_a wild_a beast_n or_o rather_o if_o no_o more_o execrable_a name_n occur_v some_o devil_n transâ—vested_v in_o our_o humane_a nature_n this_o monster_n like_o a_o wild_a bear_n enter_v into_o divers_a province_n fill_v all_o with_o rapine_n death_n fire_n and_o sword_n with_o all_o other_o imaginable_a misery_n for_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o destroy_v all_o that_o so_o he_o may_v have_v no_o enemy_n or_o leave_v any_o alive_a that_o may_v revolt_v from_o he_o but_o only_o content_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o oftentimes_o he_o spare_v not_o these_o but_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n where_o he_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n be_v the_o chief_a theatre_n of_o his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n for_o after_o he_o have_v afflict_v and_o vex_v the_o province_n of_o huquang_n and_o honan_n and_o part_n of_o that_o of_o nank_v and_o kiangsi_n he_o enter_v the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n in_o the_o year_n mdcxliv_o and_o have_v take_v the_o principal_a city_n call_v chingtu_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o his_o fury_n he_o kill_v a_o king_n of_o the_o taimingian_n race_n which_o here_o have_v establish_v his_o court_n as_o he_o have_v do_v also_o to_o seven_o other_o grandee_n of_o the_o same_o family_n these_o be_v the_o prelude_v of_o the_o tragical_a act_n prince_n who_o sense_n i_o go_v about_o brief_o to_o describe_v that_o so_o europe_n may_v see_v what_o a_o horrid_a and_o execrable_a thing_n a_o unbridled_a and_o arm_a cruelty_n appear_v to_o be_v when_o it_o furious_o rage_v in_o the_o darkness_n of_o infidelity_n this_o brigand_n have_v certain_a violent_a and_o sudden_a motion_n of_o furious_a cruelty_n and_o maxim_n draw_v from_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o vengeance_n its_o self_n for_o if_o he_o be_v never_o so_o little_o offend_v by_o another_o or_o suspect_v another_o to_o be_v offend_v with_o he_o he_o present_o command_v such_o to_o be_v massacre_v and_o have_v nothing_o in_o his_o mouth_n but_o murder_n and_o death_n he_o often_o for_o one_o single_a man_n fault_n destroy_v all_o the_o family_n respect_v neither_o child_n nor_o woman_n with_o child_n nay_o many_o time_n he_o cut_v off_o the_o whole_a street_n where_o the_o offender_n dwell_v death_n involve_v in_o the_o slaughter_n as_o well_o the_o innocent_n as_o nocent_o it_o happen_v once_o he_o send_v a_o man_n post_n into_o the_o country_n of_o xensi_fw-la who_o be_v glad_a he_o be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o tyrant_n hand_n will_v not_o return_v to_o revenge_v this_o 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