but also to such as behold it a far of Moreouer ther is such a do when the waues mete that a man shall se some as it were ruÌ„ning away drowned in the whorlpoles falling into the bottom of the sea other some in maner of conqueroures proudly bear theÌ„ selues a loft And again hear in one place the roring of the raging tide in another place as it were the sighing of the falling into the gulf And to the encrease therof maketh also the nere and continuall burnyng of the mouÌ„tain Aetna of aeolus iles as though the fire wer norished with the water For it is not possible that so greate a fire shuld other wise continue so long season together in so smal a roum onles it wer norished by moysture HerevpoÌ„ therfore grew the tales of Scylla Charibdis herevpon came it that men hard the barking of dogs hervpon meÌ„ beleued that they saw monsters which sailing that way being feared with the noise of the waues falliÌ„g into the great gulfs imagined the waues to bark which was nothig els but the noise of the waters beting one against another as they wer drawn bi violâ—…ce into the whorlpoles The like cause is also of the coÌ„tinuaÌ„ce of the fire of the mouÌ„tain aetna For this vi oleÌ„t meting of the waters draweth the winde with it perforce into the bowels of therth there holdeth him pent so loÌ„g vntil being spred into the holes of therâ—…h it setteth the â—…iry matter a burnig Now Italy Sicilie ar so near together and the promontories of bothe so like in heigth that looke how much we now wonder at it so much men in olde time wer afraid of it beleuing that the hils met and departed a sonder againe and that whole nauies of shippes were swalowed vp and neuer sene after Nether was this thing deuised in olde time for pleasauntnesse of the tale but for the wonderment of suche as passed that way For suche is the nature of the place that they whiche beholde it a farre of woulde rather take it to be an elbowe of the Sea shotyng into the land then a passage And when a manne comes neare he would thincke that the Mountaines parted and went a sondre Sicill was firste of all named Trinacria afterward it was called Sicania This Ilande from the beginnynge was the countrye of the Giauntes with one eye in their forehead called Cyclopes The whiche beynge roted out acolus tookâ—… vpon him the rule of the 〈◊〉 after whose decease euery City had a Tyran by them selues and there was neuer countrye that had better store of them theÌ„ had Sicilie Of the noumber of theese tirauntes there was one Anaxilaus that striued againste the crueltye of the others with iustice whose modest gouernaunce profited him not a little For when he was departed out of this life leauing his children verye yonge vnder the tuition and gouernement of a trusty seruaunte of his called Mycithus he was so wel beloued of al his subiects that they were conteted to obey his seruant rather then to abandon forsake his children And the princes of the citye forgettinge their estate suffred the kingdoÌ„ to be ruled by a bondman The Carthaginenses assaid to conquer thempire of Sicil fought a loÌ„g season with the kinges there of sometyme to their gaine and sometime to their losse At the last when they had lost their graund captain Hamilcar al his host their harts wer discoraged and so kept them selues in quiet for a good while after In the meane season the inhabitauntes of â—…hegium fallinge at debate among them selues the City being deuided in two factioÌ„s the one part thinking them selues to weak â–ª sent for the old souldioures whiche were then at the citye of â—…mera to come and healpe them who hauynge driuen oute of the Towne those againste whome they wer called and forthwith slaying them whose quarell they supported tooke their Citye with their wiues and children and all that euer they had whiche was suche a cruell acte as neuer tiraunt attempted in so muche that it had bene farre better for the menne of Rhegium to haue beene vanquished then to haue gotten the victory For whether they had bene driuen by the lawe of armes to haue serued the Conqueroures or whether they had bene driuen to forsake their countrye as banished persons yet notwithstanding they should not haue bene miserably murthered betwene the temples and their dwelling houses and haue left their natiue couÌ„try with their wiues and children as a pray to suche cruel tirants The Catenenses also beinge sore oppressed by the Syracusans distrustynge their owne strength demaunded succor of the Atheniens the whiche whether it were for desire to dilate their Empire because they had all redy conquered all Grece Asiâ—… or that they feared least the great nauy of shippes whyche the Syracâ—…sanes had lately builded shuld aid streÌ„gthen the Lacedemonians sent a Captaine called Lampozius wyth a nauy into Sicill to the entent that vnder the coloure of aiding the Catenienses they might attempt to get the kingdoÌ„e of Sicill And because that they had prosperous successe in their affairâ—…s at the beginning and made greate slaughter of their ennemies they went to Sicil again with a greater â—…eete and a stronger power wherof wer captaines Lachetes and Charâ—…ades But the Cateuâ—…nses whether it were for fâ—…are of the Atheniens or that they were wearye of the warres made peace with the Syracusanes and sent home the Atheâ—…ens againe that came to their rescue Wythin a while after when the Syracusanes obserued not iustlye the peace they sent their ambassadours again to Athens who in filthy apparel with longe heades and longe beardes fafashioning their countenaunce gesture as much as might be to prouoke pity came sorowfullye before the people In making their complainte they wept and with their humble submission so moued the sely people to pity that the cap tains wer condemned for withdrawing their succors from them Wherfore a great nauy was sent forth wherof wer appoynted captaines Nicias Albiciades Lamachus and they entred Sicilie with such a power that euen they whoÌ„ they came to defend were a fraid of them Shortlye after alcibiades being sent for home to answer to certain enditements that were put vp against him Nicias and Lamachus foughte two prosperous battels vpon the lande And soone after so enclosed their ennemies and kepte them so straighte that they coulde haue neither rescue nor victailes from the sea â–ª The Syracusanes being so sore distressed desired healp of the Lacedemonians Unto them was sent no mo but only Gylippus but he was suche a one as was worthe all the helpe they had beside For he hearing of the manner of the war and perceiuing his complices to be brought to a low ebbe raised a power partlye in Grece and partlye in Sicill and toke such a pece of ground as he thought meete for the two hostes to
therfore being set at large prepared not warre as now anye more secreatly but openlye nor by dissimulation but by open de◅aunce and raised a great power bothe of his owne and of his frendes and complices as manye as he coulde hire for mony or for fauoure The Lacedemonians remembrynge that by his meanes they were greatly aided in their warres wyth the Atheniens like men ignorant against whom the war◅e was raised determined to sende aide vnto Cyrus when occasion shuld require seking bothe for thank◅ at Cyrus hand and also for pardon at Artaxerxes hande if he should get the victory in as muche as they had attempted nothing against him openlye But in the battell suche was their chance that the two brothers meting together encountred th one with thother wheras Artaxerxes was wounded by Cyrus but by the swiftnesse of hys horse he was deliuered from daunger and has brother Cyrus was ouerthrowen by the kings band and so slain And so Artax erxes getting the victory obtained the spoil of his brothers warre and his armye also In that battell there were x. M. Grekes that came to the aide of Cyrus the whyche in the winge wher they stede gate the vpper hand and after the death of Cyrus could neither be ouercome of so greate an host perforce nor yet be entrapped or taken by policy ◅ut in their retourne homewarde throughe so manye wylde and sauage nations so long a iourny defended them selues by their manhode and prowesse euen vnto the borders of their country The syxthe Booke THe Lacedemonians as the nature of man is the more they haue the more they couet not content that their power by conqueringe the Atheniens and annexinge their power to their owne was now doubled began to deuise how to attain thempire of all Asia the most parte wherof was vnder the dominyon of the Persians Therfore Dercillides being appoynted lieue tenant generall for these Warres when he sawe that he must haue to doo against two of Artaxerxes lieuetenauntes Pharnabazus and Tyssaphernes which had about them in a redinesse the whole power of the mightiest Countries in all the world he thoughte it good to make peace with the one of them The meeter for his purpose seemed Tyssaphernes a man bothe of more experience and actiuity then the other and also better furnished with the souldioures that belonged sometime to kinge Cyrus After communication had agrement was made vpon certain conditions that he shuld not intermeddle him selfe with the warres Pharnabazus being herewith agreued complained therof to the king their master declaring how he withstoode not the Lacedemonians by force when they entred into Asia but nourished thē there at the kinges charges and that he bargained wyth them to delaye the warres whiche they tooke in hande as though the domage therof should not equally redounde to the displeasure of the whole Empire He said it was an vnsemely thing that the warre was not gone through wythall but bought of and that the enemy was hired of for mony and not rather driuen away by dint of sword When he had by this complaint brought the king in displesure wyth Tyssaphernes he exhorted him to make his Admirall of the sea in steade of Tyssaphernes Conon of Athens who synce the the time he had in battel lost his countrye liued in exile at Cyprus For though the Atheniens were bereft of power and richesse yet notwithstanding their experience in ordering and guiding a nauy remaineth still vnto them And if one were to be chosen amonge them all there was not a better then Conon Herevpon he hadde deliuered vnto him CCCCC talentes with commission to make Conon admirall of the kings flete The Lacedemonians hauing intelligence hereof sent an ambassade to the king of Egipt requi ring him to send Hercymones to their aid with a noumber of ships Who sent them a C. galeis and DC bushels of corn Other of their confederates also sent them greate succors But vnto this great army and against so great a captaine there wanted a mete gouernor Therfore when as the con federates of the Lacedemonians demaūded to their graūd captain agesilaus at that time kinge of the Lacedemonians The Lacedemonians debated the matter a greate while whether they might make him lieuetenant general or no by reson of the aunswer of the Oracle at Delphos the effect wherof was that their Empire shoulde come to an ende at suche time as the royall estate halted for agesilaus was lame of one foote At the lengthe they determined that it were better for their king to hault in his goinge then the kyngdome to hault for want of a meete gouernoure When Agesilaus was sent into Asia with a great host of men I can not thinke that euer any couple of Captaines were so well matched together as they two wer For both in yeares in prowesse in counsel ▪ in wisdome and in pollicy they wer in maner all one and in honor for their enterprises they wer both a like And althoughe fortune had made them equall in all thinges yet she preserued eche of them vnconquered of other Greate was the furniture of them bothe to the warres and great were both their attempts enterprises But the souldiers of Conon raised a mutiny against him because the kinges lieuetenaunts before time had ben wont to abridge and defraud them of their wages Demaunding their duties so much the earnestlier in that they toke vpon them to serue in so greate warres vnder so noble a chiefetaine Conon therfore hauing long time sued in vayne to the kinge by his letters at the lengthe went vnto him him self Whose presence and speache he mighte not be suffered to come vnto because he would not worshippe him after the manner of the Persians Neuerthelesse he entreated wyth him by messengers lamenting that the warres of so rich a prince as he was shuld be forslowed for want of mony and that hauing as puissaunt an armye as his enemies had ◅e shuld be ouercome in richesse wherof he had more aboundans then they that he shuld be found weak in that kind of strēgth wherin he far exceded thē Wherfore he demaū ded to haue the disbursing of the mony him selfe because it wold be very pernitius hurtful to put the doing therof in to many mens hāds When he had obtaind the tresure he returned to his flete immediatly set his matters abroch Many things he aduētred valiātlye many thinges he at cheued luckely He wasted his enemies landes won their townes cities as a tempest bare down al things before him With which his doings the Lace being a fraid determined to cal home agesilaus out of Asia to the defence of his own coūtry In the mean seson Lisāder whom Agesilaus at his setting forth had substituted his vicegerent to defende the coūtry at home ▪ collecting a great nauy rigged furnished it withal the power he could purposing to try the fortune
in law that shuld haue maried her daughter had taken vpon her to kil her husband and make her peramor king If her daughter had not bewrayed all her mothers whordome and priuye conspiracies to her father Theolde man therfore being deliuered out of so many pearils died leauing the kingdome to his eldest sonne Alexander who in the verye entraunce of his raigne made peace with the â—…yrians and deliuered his brother Philip in hostage In pro cesse of time also by the same hostage he entred a league of peace with the Thebanes the which thinge was a greate furtherans vnto Philip in all princely vertues whervnto he was meruelously enclined of nature For being 〈◊〉 as an hostage iii. yeres at Thebes a city of auncient seueritye he passed his childhode in the house of the moste renoumed captain and Philosopher 〈◊〉 Ere it was loÌ„g after Alexander was surprised and slain â—…y the treson of hys mother Eurydice whom Amyntas hauing taken her wyth the fault had before pardoned for the Childrens sake that he had by her not knowing y â— in time to com she wold be their vtter destructioÌ„ His brother Perdicas also was by like tre sonpreuented It is an abhominable thing y â— for filthy lusts sake the mother shuâ—…d work the death of her own childreÌ„ at whose coÌ„templation she was saued from the punishmeÌ„t that her wickednesse had deserued The murther of Perdicas semed so much more heinous in that not so muche as his litle childe could finde any mercy at his cruell mothers hand Philip therfore a long time tooke not vpon 〈◊〉 as king but as protector of the infant But when the country was sore oppressed with warre and that it wold be to late to tary for help vntil the childe came to age he was coÌ„pelled of the people to take the kingdom vpon him Assone as he begoÌ„ his raign al meÌ„ conceiued great hope of him both for his wit which in manner all redy declared that he wold proue a great man And also for the ancient Prophecies of Macedonie which said that while one of the sonnes of amin tas raigned thestate of Macedone shuld be most florishing the which hope and prophecies to fulfil there wer now no mo left aliue through the wickednesse of their mother but only he In the beginning of his raign when on thoue side the murder of his brothers vnworthely slain on the other side the multitude of his enemies on a nother side the fear of treson and on another side want of mony artillery the realme being in manner wasted and consumed with continuall warre disquieted the minde of this yong souldioure that sondry nations out of diuers places at one tyme flocked together as it wer by a common conspiracy to the entent to oppresse Macedonie by battell For as muche as he was not able to matche them all at once he thoughte it conuenient to dispence with them some he toke truce with vpon reasonable Articles â–ª some he bought of for mony and suche as were weakest he assailed by force by vanquishing of whome he did bothe strengthen the faint hartes of hys souldiers and tooke awaye the disdaine that his ennemies had at him The first encounter that he had was with the Atheniens whome he ouercame by policy and for feare of a worser afterclap wheras he might haue slain them all he sent them all safe home without raunsome After this he turned hys power against the Illyrians of whom he slew many thousandes and toke their head city called Laryssa Next not so muche for couetousnesse of praye as for dâ—…syre to ioyne the Thessalian horsmen to his fotemen therby to encrease the strength of his army he conquered the country of Thessaly â—…re anye hostilitye or warre was looked for and so of theyr horsemen and his owne fotemen made one bodye and inuincible army The which thinges comminge luckelye to passe he tooke to wife Olympias the Daughter of Neoptolemus king of the Molosses The maker of this marriage was his brother Arimbas king of the Molosses vncle to tâ—…e maid by the fathers side who had the bringinge vp of her had taken in mariage Troas 〈◊〉 of y â— said Olympias which was the cause of muche mischiefe vnto him and finallye of his destruction For wheras by the affinity of king Philip he hoped to haue had his kingdom enlarged he was by the same Philip depriued of his owne Realme and compelled in his olde age to liue a banished man These thinges thus brought to passe Philip could not nowe content hym selfe to repulse iniurye offered by others but prouoked and distroubled suche as sate still in quiet As he besieged the city of Methon one threwe a dart at him from the wall as he passed by and strake out his right eie For y â— which wound he became neither the slouthfuller in his enterpryse nor the angrier againste his ennemies In so muche that within few daies after wheÌ„ they desired peace be grauÌ„ted it and vsed the victory against them not only modestlye but also mercifully The eyghte Booke THe cities of Grece while euery of them sought to beare rule were euery chone brought vnder subiection For after the time they coulde not with holde them selues â—…ut that they must seke eche others destruction they were vnuanqui shed of all men and brought to confusi on None but suche as were oppressed did fele the losse and smart hereof For Philip king of Macedone lying in a wait like a spy out of a watch toure to surprise them all of theyr liberty by nourishing debate betwene City and City and by supporting the weaker side compelled both the conque red and the conquerors to become his vassals and subiects The originall cause of all this mischiefe were the Thebanes who hauing the soueraignty and wanting discretion to vse their good fortune arrogantly accused at the common couÌ„sel of Grece the Lace demonians and the Phocenses whome they had vanquished in battel as thoughe the slaughters rauish ments that they had abidden had beene to little punishment for them It was laide to the Lacedemonians charge that they had taken the towre of Thebes in the time of truce and to the Phocenses that they had wasted the couÌ„try of Beotia as thoughe that after warre and battell they would haue the lawes also to worke their forâ—…e IudgemeÌ„t being executed according to the plesure of the conquerors they were condempned in suche a summe of mony as was not possible to be paide The Phocenses therfore when they shoulde haue bene bereft of their landes their children and their wiues compelled therby to vtter necessity chose one Philomelus to their captain and as men offended with God him selfe inuaded the Temple of Apollo at Delphos Herevpon being enriched with gold and other mony they waged an army of souldiers straungers and made warre to the Thebanes This dede of the Phocenses although all men abhorred
〈◊〉 y â— fields of Heraclea lost hys ships y â— he left at rhode w t the greater part of his armye by force of a sodain teÌ„pest y â— put them al to wracke Therfore wheÌ„ he could not return by sea hauing lost his ships nor durst return by laÌ„d with so slender a coÌ„pany through so many sauage nations the Heracliens thinking it more honor to vse this occasion to shewing geÌ„tlenes then to re uengemeÌ„t furnished theÌ„ with victels safe condited theÌ„ home making accompt y â— the wasting oftheir couÌ„try was wel bestowed if they might therby win their enemies to be their frends AmoÌ„g many other euils they suffred also tirannye For when the common people vppon â—… wilfulnesse outragiously and importunately exacted to haue all dettes clerely released and the landes of the richmen par ted among them the matter hanging longe tyme in question in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and commâ—…n iudgemente place and after that of Epaminondas captain of Thebes againste the comminalty that were growen to such a welthines throughe ouer much ease and idlenesse But hauinge denyall at both their handes they wer faine to flie for succor to Clearche whome they them selues hadde banished before So great an ertremity did their calamities driue them vnto that whome they had erewhile forbidden his country eueÌ„ him were they faine to call againe to the defence of the same But Glearche beinge by his banishmente made more wicked then he was before and takinge the dissention of his country men as a mete accasion for him to vsurpe and make himself king firste of all commoned priuelye wyth Mythridates the ennemye of his Citezens and entringe in league with him compounded that when he were called againe into his country he should betray the citye to him and he to be made chiefe ruler of it for his laboure Yet afterward the treason that he hadde purposed agaynste hys country he turned vppon Mythridates him selfe For when he was retourned out of erile to be as an indiffereÌ„t iudge for the determination of ciuil controuersies the same time that he had appoynted to betray the town vnto Mythridates he toke him and his â—…rendes and for a great summe of mony let him go again And like as towards him he made him self of a frend a sodain enemy euen so of a defendour of thestate of the senate he sodainly became a protector of the comminalty and against the authors of his power preheminence by whome he had beene reuoked into hys country by whome he had bene placed in the toure of hys royalty he not onlye incensâ—…d the commons but also exercised all kind of most vnspeakeable tiranny and crueltye For he sommoned the people together and told them that he woulde not anye more assist the senators vsynge them selues so rigorously againste the comminaltye but that he would rather be a meane betwixt them if they continued in their accustomed tiranny and if they thought them selues able to make their party good against the crueltye of the senatoures he would depart with his men of warre and not entermedle himself in their ciuil discordes But if they distrusted their owne strength they should not wâ—…t his helpe for that that he was able to doo for them And therfore aduise them selues whether they were better to bid him goo his way or to tary as a partaker and supporter of the quarell of the commons The comminaltye being stirred with this talke made him their chiefe gouernour and so while they were offended at the authority of the senate they yelded them selues with their wiues and children in bondage vnder the subiâ—…ction of a Lordlye tiraunt Clearche therfore apprehended lx of the senatours for all the â—…est were fledde and cast them in prison The people reioysed to see the Senate destroyed and that in espetially by the captain of the Senatours and that contrary to all likelihode their help was turned to their vtter confusion Upon whom by threatning death to them all in generall he set the hier price For Clearche receiuing a great summe of mony of them as who should say he entended priuely to deliuer them from the peoples displeasure when he hadde robbed them of all theyr goodes he spoyled them also of their liues Afterward vnderstaÌ„ding that those that were fled hauing moued the cities of pity and compassion to helpe them prepared warre agaynste him he set their bondmen at libertye And to the entent there should want no kind of misery in those honourable houses and that he might make the slaues more faythfull to himself and more enemies to their masters he compel led the wiues and daughters of those noble men to marry with their slaues vppon paine of death if they refused so to do But those sorowfull weddinges were greuouser then sodain death to the honorable Ladies And therfore many of them before their mariage and many in the very time of their mariage killing first their new husbands slew them selues and by the vertue of their natural womanhode and shamefastnesse was a fielde soughte in the which the Tiranne gettinge the vpper hande drewe the senatoures as prisoners in manner of triumphe through the face of the city After his retourne into the citye some he cast in bonds some he racked and som he put to death and no place of the city was fre â—…rom the cruelnesse of the tiran With this outragiousnesse he became proude and with his crueltye â—…e became arrogante for throughe hys continuall good successe in prosperity he would somtime forget himself to be a man and sometime be wâ—…ulde call himself Iubiters sonne When he went abrode he wold haue an Eagle of gold borne before him as a token of his begetting He vsed to wear robes of purple and to goâ—… in buskens after the manner of kings in tragedies wyth a crown of gold vpon his headâ—… Moreouer to the entent to scorne the gods aswel in â—…ames as in counterfait gesture abhominable leasings he named his sonne Ceraunos Two noble yongmen called ChioÌ„ Leonides disdaining to se him do these things entending to set their country at liberty conspired to kil the Tiran These men wer the disciples of the Philosopher Plato who couetinge to bestow vpon their country the vertue vnto the whiche they were furthered by the moost perfect instructions of theyr master laid in an ambush fifty of their kinsmen whome they had gotâ—…en to be of their retinew They them selues counterfetting to be at defiaunce againste another made toward the Castie to the Tiran as to their king y e shuld decide theâ—…r controâ—…ersies and being ther admitted to his presence as they that were well knowen â—…hyles the tirant gaue autentiue eare to the fiâ—…st mannes tale the other stept within him and kild him But by reason theyr company was not quick inough in comming to their rescue they were slaine by the garde By meanes wherof it came to passe that the Tiran was slain but yet
death of her first husbande Lyâ—…chus of her owne accord and fre wil desired her husbande into her city Gassandria for couetousnesse of whiche city all this craft and deceit was wroughte She went thither before him and proclaimed that the day of his comming shoulde be kept holy day through all the city geuinge commaundement that the houses the temples and all other places shuld be decked and garnished and that altares and sacrifices should be set forth orderly in a readâ—…esse Moreoâ—…er she caused her two sonnes Lysimachus of xvi yeares and Philip three yeres yonger then he both children of excellent beuty and fauor to goo meete him with crownes on their heades Whome Ptolomy to cloke his deâ—… wyth all desirously and beyond all measure of true loue and affection enbrased and kissed a greate while together But assone as he came within the gate hee comâ—…aunded hys men of warre to take the holde of the towne and to kyll the children Who flying to their mother for helpe were slaine euen in her bosome as they hong kissing about her necke Arsinoe cried out and asked what she had done or wherin she had trespassed eitherin her mariage or aâ—…er her mariage wherby she should desâ—…rue to be delt wyth so cruelly Oftentimes she put herself betwene y â— sworde and her children offering to die for them oftâ—…times she embraced and couered her childreâ—…es bodyes wyth her own body and would gladly haue receiued the woundes that they should haue At the laste beinge not suffered so muche as to haue the buriall of her children shee was thruste out of the towne with two â—…untes in a torne â—…ne and her hear about her eares and so wente as a 〈◊〉 person to Samothorace so muche the more miserable in that she might not be suffered to die with her children offeringe to dye for them oftentymes she embraced and couered her childrens bodyes wyth her owne bodye and woulde gladlye haue receiued the woundes that they shoulde haue At the 〈◊〉 being not suffered so muche as to haue the buriall of her children she was thruâ—…e out of the towne with two seruauntes in a torne gowne and her heare abeute her eares and so wente as a banishedde person to Samothorace so muche the more miserable in that she myghâ—…e not be suffered to die with her children But Ptolomye eskaped not with his wickednesse vnpunished For within shorte time after throughe the vengeaunce of the Goddes immortall for so manye wilful periuries and so manye cruel murders he was berefte of hys kingdome by the french menne and being taken prysonner as he worthelye deserued his head was striken from his shoulders For the frenche menne aboundinge in multitude in so muche that the countrye where they were bred was not hable to fynde them sent forthe three hundred thousande men as it were on pilgrimage to seke them a new dwellynge place Of the which one part rested in Italy which also tooke the câ—…ye of Rome and burnte it Another parte followinge the flighte of byrdes for the frenchmen are aboue all other nations comminge in birdspillinge wyth muche slaughter of the barbarous nations pearsed vnto the coste of Sclauonie and reasted in Pannonie A kynde of people fierce hardy warly which firste after Hercules who by doinge the same before purchased himselfe an immortall fame of his prowesse climbed ouer the hyghe toppes and vnmercifull colde places of the Aipes There hauing 〈◊〉 the Panâ—…onians they made warre with their neighbours many yeres together somtime to theyr gaine and somtime to their losse Afterwarde beinge prouoked by their fortunate successe they raised two armies wherof th one went toward Grece the other toward Macedone putting al to the sword that came in theyr daÌ„ger By meanes wherof the names of the Frenche men was so terrible and so redouted that euen kinges before they were assailed were gladde and faien to geue them greate 〈◊〉 of mony that they might liue in rest by theÌ„ Only Ptolomy king of Macedone made lighte of the matter when he hard of the comming of the frenchmen And eueÌ„ as if it had bene as easye a matter with him to dispatche warres as to do mischief being pricked forwarde there to with the furious remorse of his conscience obiectinge before his eies the rememberaunce of his wicked murders be met them with a few â–ª and those out of order Furthermore he toke skorne of the frendly offer made by the ambassadoures of Dardanie which was to send him twenty thousand menne well armed to helpe him geuinge them moreouer this taunt for their labor saying that the good dayes of Macedone wer farre spent if after the time they had of their own puissance alone conquered all the East they should haue nead of the Dardanians to defend theyr owne country For he had in his â—…oste the sonnes of them that hadde serued vnder great AlexaÌ„der and had subdiâ—…ed the whole worlde The whiche thinges when they were reporsed to the kynge of Dardanie he sayde that the famous and renowmed Empire of Macedone woulde shortlye decaye throughe the rashnesse of an vnaduised and hastye yonge man The french men therfore by the aduise of 〈◊〉 captaine Belgius â–ª to the entent to trye howe the Macedones were mineded sent ambassadours to Ptolomye offeryng him peace if so be it he would by it But Ptolomy 〈◊〉 amonge his men that the French men desyred peace for feare of him no lesse vauntinge himselfe before the ambassadoures â–ª then he had doone among his owne frends â–ª Denying to graunt them peace any otherwise theÌ„ if they gaue him theyr noble men for hostages and deliuered 〈◊〉 â—…heyr armour and weapons so 〈◊〉 would not truste them onlessâ—… they were disarmed When the ambassadors had reported this answer the frenchmen laughed 〈◊〉 it crying out on euery side that he should shortlye fele 〈◊〉 they offred him peace to his owne behofe or to theirs within a few daies after the matter came to hand strokes and the Macedones being vanquished were slayne ryghâ—…e down Ptolomy being very sore wounded in diuers 〈◊〉 was taken prisoner his head was striken of and being put vp on a speares poynt was caried vp and downe all the host to the terroure of their ennemies Few of the Macedones eskaped by flyght the rest were either slaine or taken prisoners When newes hereof was spred throughe Macedone they shut in the gates of their citiâ—…s and all was ful of sorowe and mourninge One while they bewayled the losse of their sonnes another while they feared the besieging of theyr cityes at another time they called vpon the names of Philip and Alexander theyr kynges as if they had bene Goddes for helpe casting in their myndes how that vnder them they had not onlye liued in safety but as conqueroures of the whole worlde Beseechinge them to defende their countrye whiche throughe the 〈◊〉 of their chiualrye they had aduaunced to the 〈◊〉 and to help them nowe in theyr
captayn general agaynst them who as he lay at siege before the cytie with a great host of the best men that could be chosen in all the countrie saw in his slepe the likenesse of a womaÌ„ with a grim terrible contenance which saide she was a Goddesse at her syght he was so astraught that of his own mynde vn requested he made peace with y â— Massiliens And making request y â— he might enter into their cytie to worship their Goddes when he came into the teÌ„ple of Minerua espiyng in the porches the ymage of the Goddesse whiche he had sene in his dreame he cryed out sodaynlie that is was eueÌ„ she y â— had feared him in the night it was she that câ—…maun ded him to raise his siege Wheruppon greatly reioysing with the Massyliens bycause he perceyued that the Goddes immortall had suche care and regarde ouer them he gaue the Goddesse a chayne of Golde for an offering and made abonde of frendshyp and amitie with the MassilieÌ„s to coÌ„tinue for euer After that they had thus gotteÌ„ peace and established quietnesse the Massilieu 〈◊〉 returnyng from Delphos whether they had ben to carie presents vnto Apollo heard say that the Citie of Rome was taken and burnt by the Frenchmen The which â—…dynges when they had brought home the Massiliens pro claymed an vniuersall mournyng as if it had ben for the deathe of some especiall frendes and gathered all their Golde togyther as well priuate as publike the whiche they sent to make vp the Summe that the Frenchmen demaunded of the Romaynes for their raunsome and for to graunt them peace In recompence of whiche good turne they were made free of the Citie of Rome and placed amonge the Senatoures at all showes and pageantes And Alyance was knytte with them to be contynuallye reputed as Romaynes In his laste Booke Trogus declareth that his Auncestours fetche their Pe tegrie from the Uolces that his Graundfather Trogus Pompeius in the warres againste Sertorius dyd saue the Citie to Eneus Pompeius that his vncle hadde the leadynge of the Horsemen vnder the said Pompey in the warre againste Mythridates and that his father also serued in the warres vnder C. Caesar in the roume of Secretarie Lieuetenaunt and keper of his Seale The xliiii Boke SPayne lyke as it is the vttermost bownd of Europe so shall it also be th end of this woorke Men in olde tyme called it Iberia after the Ryuer Iberus and afterwarde they called it Spayne after the name of Hispalus This Countrey lyeth betwene affrike and Fraunce and is enclosed with thocean Sea the mountaines Pyrenei Lyke as it is lesser then anye of bothe those landes so is it more fertile then them bothe For neyther is it scorched with the outrageous heat of the sonne as Affrike is nor infèsted with contynuall windes as Fraunce is But as it is mydde betwene them both so on th one syde through temperate heat and on thother through the moysture os pleasaunt shoures fallynge in due season it becoÌ„meth fertilie of all kynde of fruite and graine in so muche that if not onely suffiseth thinhabytants therof but also sendeth abundaunce of all thynges into Italye and euen vnto Rome it selfe For there coÌ„meth from thence not onely great plentie of Corne and graine but also of wine hoÌ„ny and Oyle Besydes that there is not onely the best yron and steele that can be but also many races of most swifte horses neyther are the coÌ„modities that growe aboue the ground to be praysed onely but also the plentyfull riche Mynes of Mettalles hydden deepe within the grounde Of Flaxe and Baste there is great store and as for Uermilion there is no lande hath more plentie of it In this land are running Ryâ—…ers not violently outragiously flo wing to do any harm but gently moisting the vineyards and cornefieldes and where they ebbe and flow with the Oceane very full of all kynde of fysâ—…hes wherof many al so are riche of gold whiche they carrye to their great coÌ„mendacion Onely by the rydge of the mouÌ„tains Pyrenei is it parted froÌ„ Fraunce being on all other partes besyde enuironed rownd about with the Sea The platte of the land is almost fouresquare sauing that the Sea beatyng on both sydes doth gather it somewhat narrower at the mountaynes Pyrenei Moreouer whereas the Mountaynes Pyrenei ronne it is in bredth syx hundred myles The aire is holsome throughe all Spayne and the winde so coole in a temperate that there ryseth no stynkynge miâ—…tes out of the lowe groundes and marisses to infect it Besydes this the continuall ayre of the saltwater rysyng from the Sea round about on all sydes perseth throughe the whole countrie the whiche beyng qualyfied with the open aire of the land do chiefly preserue al men in health The bodies of the men are readie to endure hunger and payne their myndes readie to abyde deathe They liue all very nigardly and hardly they couet rather war then peace If they want a foreyn enemie they will seke one at home Oftentymes haue they dyed vpon the racke for concealyng thinges put to them in secret So much dooe they esteme more their secresie theÌ„ their lyues the which may well be perceyued by the sufferance of that seruaunt in the warres of Carthage who hauyng reuenged the death of his Master in the mids of his torments laughed reioysed with a mery and gladsome countenance vanquished the crueltie of his tormentours The people of that contrie are excedyng swift of foote vnquiet of mynd and many of them set more by their horses and armour then by their owne blood They make not anye preparature for feastyng but onely vppon high solemne dayes to washe in warme water they lerned of the Romayns after the second warres with Carthage Duryng the con tinuance of so many hundred yeres they neuer had anye worthie captayne sauyng Uiriatus Who by the space of tenne yeres togither helde y e Romains at the staues end sometime to his gain sometime to his losse so much wer they of nature more like brute beastes then like men the which forenamed captayn they followed not as one chosen by the discretion of men but onely bycause he was pol litique connyng in auoidyng eschewyng of daungers Yet notwithstandyng he was of that vertuous behauior modestie that albeit he oftentmies vanquished the consuls with their armies yet after so greate enterprises atcheued he neither changed the fashioÌ„ of his armour neyther altered the fashion of his apparell nor brake he thor der of his dyet but loke in what sorte he began fyrste his warres in the same he continued to the last so that there was neuer a coÌ„mon souldier but semed welthier then the Captayn It is reported of diuers writers y e about the riuer Tagus in Portingal mares doe coÌ„ceiue w t the wind The which fable sprang fyrste of the frutefulnesse
doubtfull and no rewarde though he wanne the victory but apparant losse if he were ouercome Wherfore let him not thinke that the ScythiaÌ„s will wayte for his comming hyther seyng there is in their enemye so much worthe the fetchinge and goynge for but they will with all their hartes go and mete him As they had sayde so did they in dede When the king vnderstoode that they made towardes him with suche spede he fled for feare and leauing behynde him his hoste and all hys furniture for the warres he fearefullye retyred into his kyngedome The Scithians coulde not pursue him into Egipt because of the fennes As they retourned from thence they conquered al Asia and put them to a litle tribute rather in token of their conquest than in reward of their victorye Fyftene yeares they taryed in pacifieng and setting a staye in the countreye From whence they were called home by the importunat requestes of their wiues whiche sent them worde that if they hyed theym â—…ot home the sooner they would lye with their 〈◊〉 to haue fruite by them and not suffer the 〈◊〉 of the Scithâ—…s to decay throughe their default Thus was Asia tributary to them by y â— space of 1500 yeres Ninus kyng of Thassirians made an end of paying thys trybute But in the meane tyme amonge the Scithians tâ—…o yong gentlemen of the bloud royall named Plinos and Scolopythus being through debate among the noble meâ—… driuen out of their couÌ„trey led with theÌ„ a great noumber of youth and setled them selues in the borders of Cappadocia about the riuer Thermodoon and kept al the fieldes about the citie Themiscira There many yeares together being wont to robbe their neyghboures at the last the people prfuily conspired together and sette vpon theym vnwares and by a trayne slewe them eueryechone The wiues of these men perceyuing that besides their banyshement they were also made widowes armed theym selues and defended theyr borders first by standing in their owne defence and afterward by making warre vnto others Moreouer they had no mind to marry any more with their neyghbours calling it a bondage and not maryage A singular example for all ages to looke vpon They encreased theyr common wealth withoute men and defended theym selues euen in despyght of men And to thentente some of them should not thinke them selues in better case then the rest they killed their husbands that were left aliue at home Furthermore in reuengement of the deathes of their husbandes they destroyed theyr neyghbours also Thâ—…n hauing by warre gotten peace and tranquilitie they sente for theyr neyghbours and companied with them If any male children werâ—… borne they were killed The women chyldren were brought vp not in ydlenesse â–ª nor to spinning and carding but in feates of armes ridinge of horses and huntinge as the custome is to bringe vp men And forbycausâ—… theyr shooting and throwing of dartes should not be hindered theyr righte pappes were seared of while they were children whereupon they were named Bamazons They had two queenes the one called Marthâ—… the other Lampedo the which deuiding their hoste in two partes and growinge to great welth and richesse made warre by turnes the one cir cumspectely defending the countrey at home while the other made warre abrode as theyr turnes came about And oâ—… th entent to be the more renowmed in all their enterprises affaires they proclaymed theym selues the doughters of Mars Wherfore hauing conquered the greater parte oâ—… Europe they subdewed also manye cities of Asia Where hauing builded Ephesus and diuers other cities parte of theyr armie being sent home with a great bootye the rest whych taried styll to defend thempyreof Asia were by a sodaynâ—… â—…ssault of the barbarous people with their queene Marthesia all slayne In whose roome secceded in th empyre her daughter Orithia Who besydes her singular actiuitie in feates of warre was as a myrrour to all women for preseruyng of her maydenhed â–ª and virginitye while she lyued Through the prowesse of her the honour and renowne of the Amazones was so greatly auaunced that the kyng for whose pleasure Hercules atchieued xii daungerous aduentures commaunded him as a thing impossible to fetch him the armour of the Queene of Amazonie Hercules therfore accompanyed with many of the yong lordes and noble meÌ„ of Greece arriuing with nyne galleyes assayled them vnwares At the same tyme the kyngdome of Thamazones was gouerned by two of the foure systers atiope and Orithia Of the whiche Orithia was makyng warre in forreyne countreyes by reason whereof there was but a slender company about the queene Antyope when Hercules arryued at the shore of Amazonye bycause there was no suche thyng mistrusted nor any enemye thought vpon Wherefore it came to passe that those fewe beyng raysed with the sodayne alarme armed theym selues and gaue theyr enemies an easie victorie For many wer slayne and many taken amonge whom were two of Antiopes sisters Mâ—…alyppe taken by Hercules Hippolite by Theseus Theseus maried his prisoner of whom he begate Hippolitus But Hercules after the victory restored Menalâ—…ppe to her sister and for her raunsome tooke the queenes armoure And so hauyng accomplyshed his charge retourned to the kyng Orithia hauyng knowledge that warre was made agaynst her systers and that the prynce of Athens had ledde awaye one of them perforce exhorteth her companye to bee reuenged affirmyng that all their conquestes in Poâ—…us and Asia were to no purpose if they should take suche a foyle at the handes of the Greekes as to suffer not so muche the warres as the rauishementes of Thatheniens And thereupon she sent for succour vnto Sagillus kyng oâ—… Scithia Alledging that she her people wer by discent Scithians borne declaringe furthermore the losse of their husbandes whereby they were constrayned to take armoure vpoÌ„ them and what was the cause of the warres whyche they nowe tooke in hande sayeng that through theyr prowesse they had brought to passe that the Scithians myghte seme to haue as valiaunt women as men The kyng beyng moued with the honour of his house sente to her ayde hys sonne Penaxagoras with a greatbande of horsemen But before the battell beyng by meanes of dissention sodaynly fallen betwene them forsaken of their succoures and so lefte destitute of thelpe and ayde of them the Atheniens put them to the worser Neuerthelesse the campe of the Scythians was a refuge vnto theym â—…y whose helpe they retourned into their countrey vntouched of other nacions After Orithia Penthesilea obtayned the soueraynetye Who lefte behynde her a noble remembraunce of her worthie actes in that famous assemble of valiaunt men in the defence of the Troianes against the Greekes Finally Penthesilea beyng slayne and her armye wasted those sewe that remayned with muche a doe scarcely defendyng them selues agaynste theyr neyghbours continued vnto the tyme of great Alexander Whose Queene Minothea otherwyse called Thalestris after she had obteined the
company of Alexander by the space of xiiii dayes to thentente to haue yssue by hym retourned into her kyngdome and within a whole after de ceased with whom the name of the Amazones vtterly decayed The Scithians in their thyrd viage into Asia when they had bene a seuen yeares from their wy◅es and chyldren were welcomed home with warre by theyr owne seruauntes For theyr wyues beyng weryed wyth longe tarieng for theyr husbandes supposynge that they were not so long deteyned with warres but rather all slayne maryed themselues to theyr slaues whom theyr maysters had lefte ◅t home to looke to their cattell The whyche hearynge o◅ their masters returne with conquest met them in order of battell well appoynted and harnessed to kepe them out of their country as if they had bene straungers The Scithians perceiuing that by battell they lost as much as they won aduised them selues to vse another kinde of fight remembring that they hadde not to doo with their ennemies but with their slaues who ought to be ouercom not by the law of armes but by the law of masters against whom it was more mete to bring whippes into the field then weapons and laying a side swordes euery man to furnishe him selfe with rods and whips and suche other kind of stuffe wher of slaues and bondmen are wont to be afraid This counsell was well alowed and therfore euery man being furnished as was before appoynted whē they aproched to their enemies sodenly they shoke their whippes at them wherwith they so amased them that whome they coulde not ouercome by battell they ouercame with fear of beating made them run away not like enemies ouercome by battell but like runnagate slaues As many of them as were taken were hanged vp The women also that knew them selues gilty of the matter partly by wepon partly by hanging wilfully dispatched them selues After this the Scithians liued in peace vntill the time of Lanthine their kinge to whome Darius king of Persie as is before mentioned because he woulde not geue him his Daughter in mariage made warre and with seuen hundred thousand men in armor entring into Scithia when he saw his enemies would not come and geue him battel fearing that if the bridge ouer the riuer of Danow shuld chaunce to be broken he shuld be enclosed From retourning home againe fearfully retired ouer the water with the los of four skore and x. M. mē The which neuerthelesse was counted as no losse for the exceding great nombre of mē that he had in his host Afterward he conquered Asia and Macedonie and vanquished the Iomans vpon the sea Finally vnderstanding that the Atheniens had aided the Ionians against him he tourned the whole brunt of the warre vpon them Now forasmuche as we be come to the warres of the Atheniens whiche were done in such wise not only as a mā could not well haue hoped for But also farre otherwise then a man wold almost beleue them to haue bene done And forasmuche as the dedes of the Atheniens were greater in effecte then coulde haue beene wished before they came to passe I thincke it conuenient to speake sōwhat euen of their originall beginning because they did not encrease from a base and vile be ginning to the highest estate that could be like as al other nations haue done For they alone may make their vaūt as wel of their verye first beginninge as of their good successe and increasement For it was not straungers nor a sort of raskals gathered here there together that foūded that city but they were bred in the same soyle where they inhabite and the place of their dwellinge is the place of their beginning They first taught the vse of Woll Oyle and wine And wheras men in times paste were wonte to liue by eating of Acorns they taught how to plow y ◠groūd and to sow corn And certenly as for lerning eloquens and all ciuill pollicy and order of gouernaunce may worthelye take Athens for their Temple Before the time of Dencalion they had a king called Cecrops who according to the re port of all the auncient fables hadde two faces because he fyrst ioyned man and woman together in marriage After him succeded Crands whose daughter Atthis gaue the name vnto the country Next him raigned Amphitrion which first consecrated the City to Minerua and called it by the name of Athens In his time a floud of water drowned the grea ter part of Grece only such eskaped as coulde recouer the tops of the mountaines or elsse such as could get ships and sail vnto Dencalion king of Thessalie Who by reson therof is reported to haue repaired made mankind Afterward by order of succession the kingdō descended to Ericthens vnder whom the sowing of corn was found out at Elensis by Tripto lemus In reward of the whiche deede the nighte sacrifices wer i◅tituted in the honor of Ceres aegeus also the father of Theseus raigned in Athens from whome Medea being diuorsed because her sonne in law Theseus was mangrowne departed to Col◅hos with her sonne medus whom she had by aegeus After aegeus Theseus enioyed the kingdō and next to him his sonne Demophoon which aided the Grekes against the Troyans Ther was betwene thatheniens the Doriēs an old grudge displeasure the which the Dorienses entending to reuenge by battel asked coūsel of the Oracles Answer was made that they shuld haue the vpper hād so they killed not the kinge of Athens When they came into the field great charge was geuen to all the Souldiers in anye wise not to hurt the king At the same time king of Athēs was Cadrus who hauing vnderstāding both of thanswer of Appollo of the charge that was geuen among his ennemies laid a side his robes princely apparell and in a ragged cote with a bundle of vineshreds in his necke entred into his ennemies campe There in a throng that stode about him he was slain by a souldier whom he of pretensed purpose had wounded with a hoke that he had in his hād The Dorienses when they knew it was the kinge that laye there slain departed without any stroke striking By this meanes the Atheniens through the prowesse of their captain yelding him self to death for the safegarde of his countrye were deliuered from warre After Codrus was neuer king more in Athēs the which was attributed to his high renown and remembrans of his name The gouernans of the common welth was appoynted to yerely officers But the Citye at that time had no lawes because that hitherto the commaundement of their kinges was accompted as a law Therfore was chosen one Solon a man of meruailous vprightnesse which should as it were make a new citye by his lawes Who vsed suche an indifferency and bare hym self so euen betwene the people and the Senate where as if he made any thīg for
This yere was notable not only because peace was so sodenlye made throughe all Grece but also because the same time the Citye of Rome was taken by the frenchmen But the Lacedemonians being now at rest lying in await for aduaÌ„tage â—…spying the Arcadians from home surprised their castle put a garrison of their owne men therin The Arcadians therfore with the helpe of the Thebaâ—…es came into the field well armed and in good aray to recouer that that they had lost by the sword In the which conflict Archidamus captain of the Lacedemonians was wounded who seing his men beaten downe as vanquished demaunded by an heralt to haue the deade bodies of such as were slain to th entent he might bury them For this is a token amoÌ„g the Grekes of geuing the victory with the which confession the Thebanes being contented blew to the retreit pursued no further with a few daies after neither party atteÌ„pting any displesure when a man wold haue thought they had ben at a truce as it were by a secret consent and agrement amoÌ„g them selues while the Lacedemonians wer busied in other warres against their neighbors the Thebanes vnder the conduicte leading of their captain Epaminondas purposed to haue won their citie ere they wer aware of it Where vpon in the beginning of the night they setforth as closelye as they coulde deuise toward Lacedemon But yet they coulde not take them vnwares For thold men other persoÌ„s vnmeâ—…e for the wars by reson of their yeres hauing vnderstaÌ„ding ofthapproche of their enemies armed theÌ„ selues met them in the very entrance of the gates against xv M. souldiers not aboue a C. old forgrown men put theÌ„ selues to thencounter So much corage strength doth the present sight of a mannes country houshold geue a man so much doth â—…he preseÌ„ce of things geue men 〈◊〉 stomackes theÌ„ the remeÌ„braÌ„ce of theÌ„ being away For when theysaw within what â—… for what they stode at defence they determined either to win 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 die A few old men therfore helde them playe whome ere the next morning all the youth they had was not able to withstand In that battell two of the captains of their enemies were slain In the meane while word was brought that agesilaus was come where vppon the Thebanes retired and it was not longe after but they encountred againe For the yong men of Lacedemon being incensed with the prowesse and valiaÌ„t demenor of the old men could not be with held but that they would nedes try the matter immediatlye in open field when as the victory was all ready the Thebanes And Epaminondas whiles he executed the dutye and office not only of a stout captain but also of a valiaunt souldiour was greuously wounded The which thing being hard of the one party was so striken in feare and the other partye for ioy was so amazed that bothe parties as it were by a peaceable consent departed the field Within a fewe daies after Epaminondas deceased with whom the strength of the common welth decayed For in like manner as if ye break of the edge of a wepon the rest of it is able to doo no great harme euen so this Duke being dead who was as it were the edge of the common wealthe of Thebes the strengthe therof was appalled and in manner dulled in so much that they semed not so muche to haue lost him as altogether to haue died with him For neither before this Dukes time atcheued they any notable conquest nor afterwarde deserued to be spoken of for any famous attempt by them accom plished but only for the slaughters that were made of theÌ„ So that it appereth manifestly that the glory and renown of his country did bothe spring vp with him and die wyth him And a manne is not able to iudge whether he were a better captain and souldiour or a better man of his liuing For alwaies he sought preheminence to his countrye rather then to him self and he was suche a sparer of monye that be wanted wherwith to bury him according to his estate And he was euen as couetous of praise as of monye For authority and offices wer laid vpon him euen vtterly against his wil. And he behaued him self in such wise in his authority that he semed not to receiue but rather to geue honor to the same Furthermore he was so studious of lerning so instructed in the knowledge of philosophy that it was a woÌ„der to se how a maÌ„ bred brought vp in lerning shuld come by such sight experience in feats of war Neither did his death dissent from this his trade of liuing For being brought into his tent half dead when he was come to him self again had receiued his speache he demaunded this one thing of such as stode about him whether his ene mies had taken his shield from him when he was felled or no when he vnderstode it was saued he commaunded it to be broughte to him as the partaker of all his trauels and glory he kissed it Then he enquired again which parte had won the field and hearing that the Thebanes had gotteÌ„ it he said all was wel and so as it wer reioysing for his couÌ„tries sake he gaue vp the ghoste By the deathe of this man the prowesse of the Atheniens also decayed For after the time that he was once gon whose fotesteps they wer wont to fo low now geuing the selues all together to slouth idlenes they lashed out the common reuenues not vpon ships and men of warre as they had don in times past but in feastful daies and holy daies in making preparation for pagiants enterludes gathering theÌ„ selues together into the theaters to behold the famous stage players Poets visitinge oftner the stage then the campe setting more by versifiers and oratoures then by Captaines Then the common tresure wherwith men of war and mariners wer wont to be maintained began to be deuided amonge the people of the city By meanes wherof it came to passe that whyle the Greekes gaue them selues to idlenesse The name of the Macedones which before time was â—…ile and obscure sproÌ„g vp and grew to great honour that Philip who was kept iii. yeres as an hostage at Thebes being enstructed in all feates of armes and cheualry by 〈◊〉 and the Peloâ—… after his returne into his country laid the kingdoÌ„ of Macedony as a yoke of bondage vpon the neckes bothe of Grece and of â—…sia The seuenth Booke MAcedonie in auncient time was called â—…inathia after the name of emathio king of the couÌ„try who was the firste that gaue anye notable profe of his prowesse in those parts As this country encreased slowly by little and little so the boundes therof were very narowe The inhabitauntes were called Pclascians and the Country it self Bcotia But afterwarde throughe the prowesse of the kinges and industry of the people first by subduinge theyr
sonne in law of antipater whome he had left his vicegerent in Macedone went about to worke treson against him For which cause fearing that if he should put him to death there wold rise summe commotion in Macedone he put hym in safekeping This doone he marched towarde the citye Gordis the which is situate betwene the greater and the lesser Phrygia The desire that Alexander had to get this city into his possession was not so muche for the spoyle of it as for because he hard say that in that City in the temple of Jupiter was the yoke of Gordius waine the knot wherof whosoeuer could vndoo should be king of all Asia as the auncient Oracles had prophesyed The occasion and originall hereof was this As one Gordius was going to plough in the country with Oxen that he had hired birdes of all sorts began to flie about him Whervppon as he went to aske counsell of the Southsayers of the city therby in the gate he mette with a maid of excellent beautye and demaundynge of her what Southsayer he were best to goo to When she heard thoccasion wherfore he woulde aske counsell beinge seene her selfe in the science by thenstruction of her Father and mother she answered that it meaned he should be a kinge and there vpon offred her selfe to be his partaker bothe of wedlock and of the kingdom y â— was behighted He thought himself happy to haue suche a faire offer at the first entrye of his kingdome After the marriage the Phrygians fell at discord among them selues And when they asked counsell of the Oracle how they mighte bringe it to an end answer was made that they could not end their controuersies with out the healpe of a king Demaunding again as touchinge the person of their king what manner of man he should be commaundement was geuen them to marke whom they saw first after their returne ridinge into the temple of Iupiter in a cart and to take him for their king The first man that they met was this gordius where vppon immediatlye they saluted him by the name of king The cart whâ—…rin he rode when the kingdome was laid vppon him he set in the temple of Iupiter and consecrated it for an offeringe as kinges are wont to doo at their coronation After this man raigned his sonne Midas who being traded vp by Orpheus in manye superstitious Ceremonies filled all the realme full of sectes of religion by the whyche he liued more in safegarde all his life then by his chiualry Alexander therfore hauinge taken the Towne when he came into the temple of Iupiter immediatlye enquired for the yoke of the Waine the whiche being broughte before him when he sawe he coulde not finde the end of the thonges that wer bidden within the wrethes constraining the Oracle to the vttermooste he cutte the wrethes a sonder with a sworde and so when he had losed the wreathes he found the endes of the knottes wythin the braides As he was a doing this tidinges was broughte him that Darius approched with a great hoast of men Whervpon fearyng to be enclosed within the straightes he passed the mountaine Taurus with all spede possible in the whiche haste he ran CCCCC furlonges When he came to Tarsus beinge muche delighted wyth the plesantnes of the riuer Cydnus which runneth through the mids of the city he cast of his harnesse and full of duste and â—…wet as he was threw him self naked into the cold wa ter wherwithall suche a nomnesse and stifnesse by and by strake through all his finewes that he lost his speche in so much that men thought he should not only neuer recouer it but also loked he shuld haue died presently Onlye there was one of his Phisitians named Philip which wold take vpon him to warrant to make him whole again And yet the same Phisition was had in great mistrust by reason of the letters sent the daye before oute of Cappadocia from Parmenio Who knowing nothing of Alexanders mischaunce wrote vnto him to beware of Philip the Phisition for he was corrupted by Darius for a great summe of mony Yet notwithstanding he thought it more for his safegard to coÌ„mit himself to the phisition though he more then halfe suspected him of treason then to abide the daunger of his disease wherof ther was no way but death Therfore be toke the drinke that the Phisition had made him and deliuered him the letter and as he drank he beheld his face stedfastly to se what countenance he wold make at the reding of it When he sawe him vnabashed he was glad of it and the iiii day after recouered his healthe Darius therfore wyth CCC M. fotemen and a C. M. horsmen proceded into battel This huge nomber of his enemies somwhat moued Alexander when he beheld howe fewe in respect he had hym self But then again he called to minde what great enterprises he had atcheued how mighty countries he had sub dued with that smal nomber Wherfore when hope had ex pulsed fear he thought it daungerous to delay the battell And to th entent his men shuld not be discoraged he rode a bout from band to band with sondry orations spake vnto eche kinde of people He encoraged the Illirians 〈◊〉 with promesse of richesse and substance The Grecians he set on fire with putting theÌ„ in mind of their batels in time past of the continual hatred that they had with the Persi sians The Macedones he admonished of Europe by theÌ„ all redy coÌ„quered of Asia now chalenged bosting of theÌ„ that there wer not y â— like men of power strength as they wer in al y â— world Of al which their trauels this battell should be y â— final end to their high renown estimatioÌ„ As he had said these words he coÌ„mauÌ„ded his battels to staÌ„d stil again to th entent y e by this pausing they might enure theÌ„ selues to behold y â— huge noÌ„ber of their enemies with opeÌ„ eies Da rius also was not behinde the haÌ„d in ordring of his battels For wheras it beloÌ„ged to the duty of his captains to haue don it he weÌ„t himself in proper person froÌ„ rank to raÌ„k exhorting theÌ„ al to play the men putting the in remeÌ„braÌ„ce of thanciet renown of the PersiaÌ„s of the perpetual possession of thempire geuen theÌ„ by the gods immortal This don both tharmies with great corage buckled together In the which battell both kings wer wouÌ„ded the victory huÌ„g in doutful balaÌ„ce so loÌ„g vntil Darius forsoke the field Then ensued the slaughter of y â— Persians ther were slain of fotemeÌ„ lx one M. of horsmen x. M. and xl M. wer taken prysoners Of the Macedones wer killed a C. xxx fotemen a C. l. horsmen In the teÌ„ts of the Persians was fouÌ„d much gold other riches AmoÌ„g others wer takeÌ„ prisoners Dari us mother his wife which also was his sister and ii of hys daughters WhoÌ„ when
certain of his most trusty frends exhorted them to the deliuerance of their country from bondage When he perceiued how they stoke to put them selues in daunger for the sauegard of the whole realme and that they demaunded leisure to take aduysement in the matter he called his seruaunts to him commaunding them to lock in the dores and to bear word to the Tirant that he shuld send immediatly to his house to apprehend traitors that had coÌ„spired against him threatning vnto each of them that seing he could not be the author of deliueraunce of his country he wold at least wise finde the meanes to be reuenged vppon them for wythdrawing their helpe from it Then they being circumâ—…ted with the doutful danger chuâ—…ing the honeâ—…er way of both sware the death of the Tyrant and so Aristotimus was dispatched the fifth moneth after he had vsurped the kingdome In the meane season Antigonus beinge wrapped in many warres at ones bothe of king Ptolomy and the Spartanes besides the hoste of the Frenche grekes which newly became his enemies left a few souldioures in his campe for a shew against the other two and went himself with his whole power against the Frenche men The French men hearinge therof made them selues redy to the battel and slue sacrifice for thobtaining of good successe in that encounter By the inwardes of the which beastes perceiuing that there was toward them a great slaughter and the vtter destruction of them all they wer there vpon turned not into feare but into madnesse For in hope to pacify the wrath of the Gods by the bloudshed of theyr owne people they killed their wiues and chyldren beginning to perfourme through their own slaughter the euill lucke that was manased them by y e warres So extreme a madnesse was entred into their cruell hartes that they spared not the yonge children whome euen the enemy would haue spared but that they made deadly and mortall warre with their childreÌ„ and the mothers of them in defence of whome menne are wonte to make warres Therfore as though they had by their vnspeakeable wickednesse purchased them selues bothe lyfe and victory bloudy as they were after the freshe slaughter of theyr wiues and children they proceded into battel with as good successe as foretoken For as they were fighting the remorse of their owne consciences for their vnspeakable slaughter the ghostes of theÌ„ that they had murdered wauing before theyr â—…ies first and formost discouraged them ere they were oppressed by the enemy and so they were â—…aine euery mothers chiid There was made so great a slaughter that it shuld seme the Goddes had conspired with menne to the vttâ—…r destruction of those murderers After the good and fortunate chaunce of this battell Ptolomy and the Spartanes eschuing the victorious army of their ennemy Antigonus retired into places of saue garde and defence Antigonus when he saw they were retired while his meÌ„ wer yet freshe and couragious by reason of their late victory made warre to the Aâ—…heniens Nowe whiles he was occupied in the same in the meane time Alexander kyng of Epire coueting to reuenge the death of hys father kinge Pyrrhus inuaded the borders of Macedone Againste whome when Antigonus was retourned oute of Grece all his souldioures reuolted from him and so he lost both the kingdome of Maâ—…done and his army His sonne Demetrius being a verye childe leuyinge a power in the absence of his father not only recouered Macedone that his father had lost but also berest Alexander of his kingdom of Epire. So great was either the vnstedfastnesse of the souldiours or elsse the 〈◊〉 of fortune that kinges by course euen now banished men and anene kinges againe Alexander therfore beinge fled to the arcadians was as wel by the fauor of the Epyrotes as by the healpe of hys confederates restored into his kingdome againe Aboute the same time deceased agas kyng of Cyrene who before his last infirmity to the entent to cease and end all stryfe with his brother Ptolomy betrouthed his only daughter Beronice to his sonne But after the deathe of kinge Argas Arsinoe the mother of the maid to th entent to breke the mariage that was contracted against her wil sent for Demetrius the brother of king Antigonus out of Macedone to take vpon him the mariage of the maide and the kingdome of Cyrene who also was begotten of one of Ptolomies daughters And Demetrius made no taryaunce Therfore when as through prosperous wynde he was spedely arriued at Cyrene vpon trust of his beauty through which he began to like his mother in law to wel by and by after his comming he bare himself very proud ly and outragiously in the courte and against the men of warre and he cast his desyre of pleasing from the daughter to the mother The which thing being espted was ill taken first of the maid and also of the commoÌ„ people and of the greate noumber of the souldioures Wher vpon all mennes mindes were tourned to the sonne of Ptolomy and the deathe of Demetrius was conspired For as he was in bed with his mother in lawe men were sent in to kil him But Arsinoe when she hard the voyce of her daughter standing at the chamber dore and geuinge theÌ„ charge to spare her mother couered and defended her peramour a while with her own body Neuerthelesse he was slaine and so Beronice with safetye of her naturall loue and duty did bothe reuenge the dishonourable aduoutry committed with her mother and also followed the determination of her father in taking of her husband ¶ The. xxvii Booke AFter the decese of Antiochus king of Syria his sonne Seleucus succeding in his roume by the inâ—…igation of his mother Laodice whi che ought to haue with helde hym from doing any suche thinge began his raigne with murder For he put to death his mother in law Beronice the sister of Ptolomye king of Egipt with his little brother begotten vpon her By doing of the which wickednesse he both brought him selfe in a foule slaunder and infamye and also entangled himself in the warres of Ptolomye Furthermore when Beronice vnderstode that men were sente to kill her she kept herself close in a pleasaunt manor of her fathers called Daphnâ—… When the cities of Asia harde that she her litle sonne were there besieged in remembraunce of the dignity of her father and of her ancestors and for pitye to se her so vnworthely intreated they sent aid vnto her Her brother Ptolomy also being stirred with the pearil of his sister left his owne kingdome and came in all haste to her reskue withall the power he was able to make But Beronice before her rescowes came at her where as she could not be taken by force was surprised by pollicye and put to death It semed a cruel and horrible act to all men Wherfore when al the cities that made iniurrectyon had made a great nauy sodainly beinge
the violent force of the victorye shoulde driue the tempest therof it was like to washe all thinges with a terrible and bloudy shour He said that Grece had oftentimes before suffered great trouble by the war◅es somtime of the Persians sometime of the frenchmen and sometime of the Macedones but they shoulde fynde that all that euer is paste was but a sporte If those armyes which now were fighting in Italye shoulde once spreade them selues into Grece For he sawe well inoughe howe cruell and bloudy bothe with puissaunce of hostes and policye of captaines those two peoples made warre one against another The whiche rage certainly coulde not be ended in the only destruction of one of the partyes wyth out the ruine and decay of suche as were next neighbors Wherefore Grece had more cause a greate deale to be afraid of the cruelty of whether party so euer gate the vpper hand then Macedone both because Macedone is further of from them and of more strength to defend it self And yet he knew for a certaintye that those that encountered now with so great puissaunce would not be conten ted to end their conquest so but that he himself shuld haue cause to sear least he be driuen to haue to doo with them that should get the vpper hand Hauinge vnder this pretence broke vp his ◅age against the Aetolians minding nothing saue the warres of the Carthag◅enses and Romaines he waied with himself the power and abilities of them bothe Neither were the Romaines all be it the Carthaginenses and Hannibal were then in manner rea dy to light vpon their necke voyde of feare of warre out of Macedone also For they stode in dreade of it bothe for the auncient prowesse and actiuitye of the Macedones for renowne of their conquestes in the East and also for Philip himselfe who was enflamed with an earnest desyre to become equall to Alexander in knighthoode and cheualry and whome they knew to be forwarde and actiue in feates of armes Phillip therfore when he vnderstode that the Carthaginenses hadde vanquished the Romaines again sent his open defiaunce vnto them and began to builde a fleete wherin to transport his armye into Italy Furthermore he sent an ambassador with letters to Hanniball to conclude a league and society with him Who being taken by the way and brought before the senate was sent away withoute anye harme or displeasure done vnto him not for any good wil they bare to the king his master but to th entent that of a suspected frende they would not make him an open ennemye But afterwarde when it was reported that Philip was transporting hys armye into Italye they sent the Pretor Leuinus wyth a nauye wel decked and furnished to stoppe him of his passage Who after he was arriued in Grece with hys faire and large promises compelled the Aetolians to take war in hand against Phillip And on the other side Phillip did what he could to perswade the Aetolians to make warre against the Romains In the mene time the Dardanians began to waste the borders of Macedone and hauing led away xx M. prisoners ▪ constrained Philip to retire home from inuading the Romaines to the defence of hys owne kingdome While those thinges were a doinge the Pretor Leuinus entring in league with kinge Attalus wasted the country of Grece With the whiche losse and destruction the cities being stricken in fear sent diuers am bassades to Philip desiring aid of him The king of Illyria also his next neighboure bordering vppon the one side of Macedone made incessant sute that he should perfourme his promise Besides the Macedones called vpon him instantly to reuenge the wasting of his own country with the which so many and so waightye matters he was sore enuironed and as it were besieged at ones that he wyste not which to remeady first Yet notwithstanding he promised to se◅d succors to eury one of them ere it wer-lōg But because he was hable to perfourme as muche as he promised but to th entent that by putting them in hope of comfort he might kepe them his frendes stil. But y ◠first viage that he toke in hand was against the Dardanians who watchinge the time to finde him from home determined to take their aduaūtage and to inuade Macedone with a greater puissaunce in his absence Also hee made peace with the Romaines and so being contented to haue delayed the Romaine warres againste Macedone for the time he laid wait to entrap Philopemenes Duke of the Acheans who as it was reported to him stirred the Romaines and the mindes of his confederates against him But the Philopemenes hauing knowledge therof and so auoiding the danger of the same compelled the Acheans by his authoritye to rebelle against him The. xxx Booke DUringe the time that Phillippe w◅s earnestly occupied aboute greate and ◅aightye affair◅s in Macedone Ptolomy behaued himselfe cleane contrary wise in Egipt For after he had obtained the kingdome by murtheryng of bothe his parentes and that he had moreouer killed his owne brother as thoughe he hadde afchieued all thinges prosperously he gaue hym selfe to ryot And all the realme followed the steppes of theyr king By meanes wherof not onlye hys noble men and Officers but also all his men of warre laying a side the exercise of cheualry and feates of armed vtterly wasted and spoiled them selues wyth slouthe and idlenesse Antiochus kinge of Syria who therof beinge prince through a certain old grudge betwene those two raised a power sodainly and wan many cities from him and entred forceably into Egipte Ptolomy trembled for feare and besought Antiochus by his ambassadours that he would respite him but so long as he mighte raise a power Afterward hauing hired a great host out of Grece he fought a prosperous battel and he had vtterly berefte Antiochus of his kingdome if he had anye thinge furthered his good fortune wisdome and audacity But he was content with the recouery of the Cities that he ▪ had lost and so concluding a peace desirously tooke the occasion of quietnesse when it was offered him and so wallowinge againe into his olde accustomed ◅outhfulnesse he sl◅we his wife Eurydice beinge hys owne syster through the enticementes of a harlot called Agathoclea with whom he was taken in loue And so forgetting quite the renoume of his nauy and the maiesty of his kingdome he spent the nightes in lechery and the daies in feastinge and bankettinge Besides this the more to encrease and enflame his lecherous appetite withall he had at his feastes musicall drincking and dansing Neither could the king nowe content himselfe to beholde and heare others but also like a master of naughtinesse would play vppon instrumentes and daunce to the same These were the fyrst plagues and preuy maladies which afterward were the ruine and decay of the kinges house For within a while after they grewe to suche a licentious libertye and the harlot waxed so bolde that the
take his part was mynded to haue made greuous warres vppon the Romaynes yf he had not dyed For the FrenchmeÌ„ after the vnfortunate battell at Delphos in the which the wrath of God dyd them more displeasure then the puissance of their enemies hauyng lost their Captayne Brenne fled lyke owtlawes some into Asia some into Thrace From thence they retyred into their natiue countrie by the very same way they came oute A certeyn of them rested at the metyng of the ryuers of Danow and Say called themselues Rascians The people of Languedocke beyng returned into their olde countrie of Tolouse and there stryken with a Pestilent murreyne could not recouer their health vntil such tyme as by thadmonishment of their Southsayers they had throwen into the lake of Tholouse all the golde and Siluer that they had gotten in the warres by the robbyng and spoilyng of Temples All the which Cipio the Romayn Consull long tyme after toke away euery pennie There was of golde a hundred and tenne thousand pound weight of syluer fiftie hundred thousande pound weight the which sacrilege was afterward the confusion of Cipio and his hoste Furthermore there followed anone after the warre of the Cymbrians agnynst the Romayns as it were to punish them for takyng away of the holly mony A great noÌ„ber of the people of Languedock beyng enticed with the swetenes of the praye as men wonte to liue altogether vppon the spoyle went into Illyria and there hauyng syoyled the Istrians rested in Pâ—…nnonie It is reported that the nacion of the Istrians descended from the men of Colchos that were sent by Kyng Aetis to pursew the Argonantes and Iason that ledde away his daughter by force who enteryng oute of the Sea of Pontus into the ryuer of Istre and so directlie into the ryuer Say followyng the Argonantes at the hard heles caried their â—…ippes vppon their shoulders ouer the toppes oâ—… the mountaynes â—…uen vnto the shore of the Adriatike sea the which thyng they vnderstoode that the Argonantes for the length of thâ—…ire shippe had donne before them But when the men of Colchos could not synde them whether it were for feare of the kyng or for tediousnesse of the longe sayling they setteled them selfes nere vnto the Citie Aquiuerlera and called them selues IstriaÌ„s after the name of the ryuer into the which they first entered oute of the sea The Daces also are the yssue of the Getes who with Dlor their kyng beyng van quished in battell by the Bastarnes were put to this penance for theire cowardyse that when they shoulde take their slepe they should lay their headdes wher their fete shoulde lye and serue their wyues in suche sorte as their wyues were wonte to serue them the whiche penaltie layd vppon them by the commaundement of their kyng they shoulde not be so bolde to infringe before they had by their manhode and prowesse put awaye the schlaunder and ignominie purchased by their former siouts and cowardyse Perses therfore beyng crowned kyng in his father Philyppes stead styrred all these nacions to take his part agaynste the Romaynes In the mâ—…ane whyle there arose warre betwene Prusias vnto whome Hanniball was fled after that peace was concluded betwene Antiochus and the Romaynes and Eumenes the which warre Prusias breakyng the league vppon trust that he had in Hanniball dydde first moue For when as the Romaynes among other articles of peace put in the deliueraunce of Hanniball for one the kyng gaue him warnyng of it and he fled into Candie In the â–ª whiche Ile when he had lyued quietâ—…ie a long tyme and sawe that men repyned and grudged at hym for his greate wealth and rychesse he fylled pottes with leadde and set them in the Temple of Diana as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for the preseruacion of his lyfe and verie gooâ—… 〈◊〉 By meanes where of the Citye hauinge no feare nor infstruste of his dooinges in as muche as they beleued that they had his richesse for a pledge he went to Prusias carying all his golde with hym poured into Images of timber least if his richesse should be espied he might happen to be put in ieoperdy of his life for them Afterwarde when Emnenes had ouercome Prusias in battel vpon the lande and that Prusias would try the aduenture of the sea Hannibail by a new deuise was the occasion that he gate the victory For he caused of all kindes of Serpentes to be put into earthen pots the whiche in the middes of the battell were caste into the enemyes shippes This stratageme semed at the first to the menne of Pontus to be but a mockerye to leaue weapones and fyghte wyth earthen pottes But when the Serpentes began to swarme about them in the shippes they wer so troubled wyth the doubtfull daunger that they wist not what to do and so they gaue their enemy the vpper haÌ„d When fidinges hereof came to Rome the Senate sente ambassadoures to cease the strife betwene bothe the kinges and to demauÌ„d to haue Hannibal yelded vnto them But Hanniball hauynge knowledge of the matter poysoned hym self and dyed ere the ambassadour could come by him This yeare was notable for the deathes of three of the mooste puissaunte captaines in all the whole world that is to saye of Hanniball Philopemenes and Scipio Affricanus Of the whiche it is well knowen that Hanniball neither in the time that al Italy quaked to see him thunderinge like a tempest in the Romaine Empire nor wheÌ„ he was returned to Carthage and helde the soueraintye did euer sytte downe to his meat or drynke aboue a pinte and a halfe of wine at a meale And as for chastitye hee kepte it so immaculate and vndefiled amonge so manye prisonners as he hadde that a man would sweare he had neuer bene borne in Affricke Certesse he was of that modâ—…stye and gouernmente that all be it had sundrye kindes of people to rule in hys hoste yet his souldioures neuer wente aboute to betraye him neither coulde he be entrapped by any policye both the whiche thinges his ennemies full often attempted â—…gainst hym The. xxxii Boke THe Romains accoÌ„plished the warres of Macedone with farre lesse trouble the they did the warres of Carthage â–ª but the warre was so muche the more honourable as the Macedones excelled the Cartâ—…aginenses in renoâ—…ne estimation For they were furthered partly with the glory of the conquest of the East and inespecially with the ayd and helpe of all kynges And therfore the Romaines made for the a greater noumber of men of warre and also sent for succâ—…ur to Masinissa king of Mundie and to all other their confedecates Furthermore they charged Emnenes king of Bythinia to helpe them wyth all the power he was able to make Perses besides his hoste of Macedones who by the opinion of all men were accompted vnuincible had in his treasury and in his store houses where with all to mainetaine ten yeares warre
amends with theyr new benefites for the old displeasure done to his father yelded them selues vnto him Moreouer his fathers souldioures being inflamed with fauour toward the younge Prince and preferringe the conscience of theyr othe made to his father before their promise made to the new proud king reuolted withall theyr banners and antesignes to Demetrius And so Alexander being with like rage of for 〈◊〉 ouerthrowne as he was lifted vp was in the fyrste battell vanquished and slayne suffryng due punishment bothe in the behalfe of Demetrius whome he had slayne and in the behalfe of Antiochus whose â—…ock he had moste shamefullie slaundered The xxxvi Boke DEmetrius hauyng recouered his Fathers kyngdome was himself also cor rupted through the prosperous successe in all his affaires through the inclinacion to vice that is commonly wonte to be in youthe he fell to slouth and 〈◊〉 â–ª by meanes whereof he purchased himself as much hatred at all mennes handes for his cowardnesse as his father had gotten for his statelynesse whervppon perceyuyng howe the cyties euerye where began to withdrawe their obedience to th entent he might wype oute the spot of cowardyse he determined to make warre vppon the parthians Whos 's commyng the people of the East were not a litle glad to behold bothe by reason of the crueltie of Arsaces kyng of the Parthians and also bycause the countries beyng enured with the gentle entreatans of the auncient dominion of the Macedones coulde not well away with the pryde of the newe Empyre of the Parthâ—…ans By meanes whereof beyng ayded with the power of the Per sians Emylians and Bactrians he vanquished the Par â—…sans in many battels Neuerthelesse at the last beyng deceyued vnder a counterfet color of peace he was taken prysoner and â—…rawen through thopen face of the cyties that had reuolted and shewed in meckage to the people that had rebelled as who should say they should see what a one he was whome they had so highly fauoured Afterward he was sente into 〈◊〉 and there courteouâ—…ly enterteyned accordyng as belongeth to his for mer estate Whyle these thynges were in doyng in the meane tyme 〈◊〉 who through sute to the body of the Realme had obteyned to be admitted Protector ouer Antiochus sonne in lawe to Demetrius kylled the childe and vsurped the kyngdome of Syria the which he enioyed a great whyle but at the length when the â—…our that men bare him beyng newlie made kyng began to weare oute Antiochus the brother of Demetrius who at that tyme was brought vp in Asia being but a very child ouercame him in battell and so the kyngdome of Syria was reduâ—…ed agayne to the stocke of Demetrius Anâ—…iochus therfore remembryng that both his father was hated for his pryde and his brother despysed for his slouthfulnes because he would not fall into the same vices himselfe after he had taken in mariage Cleopatra his brothers 〈◊〉 he with all diligence pursuwed the Cyâ—…es that had reuloted from his brother at the beginnâ—…g of his Reygne and hauyng subdued them brought theÌ„ agayn to 〈◊〉 of th empyre Also he subdued the Iewes who in the tyme of his father Demetrius takyng weapon in hande had pulled their neckes from subiection of Th empyre of Macedone and set themselfes at libertie And they grewe to suche strength that after this man was once dead there 〈◊〉 as no kyng of Macedone â—…ble to kepe them in obedience but that they made a Ruler among themselfes and diâ—…roubled all Syria with their warres The originall of the Iewes was Damasco whiche is the noblest cytie of all Syria from whence the kynges of Syria also fetchyng theire pedegre from Semyramis descended The Cytie had her name of a Kyng called Damascus in honor of whome the Syrians worshipped the Sepulchre of hys wyfe Arates for a Temple reuerenced her with much deuocion and superstitioâ—…s Ceremonies for a Goddesse After Damascus 〈◊〉 Abraham Israel and 〈◊〉 as kings But Israel was more notable theÌ„ his anceâ—…ors by reson of the 〈◊〉 encrease of his ten sonnes Therfore he deuided his people into ten kingdoms and deliuered it to his sonnes calling theÌ„ all Iewes after the name of Iuda whiche deceased anone after the deuision the remembraunce of whome he commaunded that all the rest should haue in reuerence and veneration His portioÌ„ was the head of all the other The yongest of the brothers was Ioseph of whose excellent wit his brothers being afraid â—…ais wait for him preuely and solde him to marchauntes straungers by whome he was caried into Egipte where throughe the sharpnesse of his wit he so proâ—…d in the magicall artes that within a shorte space he became in great fauor with the king For he was both a very witty diuinor of wonders and foretokens and also he was the firste that inuented the interpretation of dreames Yea there was nothing appertaininge either to God or man wherin he semed not to haue had exact knowledge In so muche that he foresaw the barrennesse of the land many yeres before it came and all Egipt had pearished for hun ger if the king through his counsel had not geuen 〈◊〉 commaundement to laye vp in store the corne and frute of many yeres before hand Finally he was so well tried that his answeres seemed not to be geuen by man but by God His sonne was Moises who besydes the inheritans of his fathers knowledge was also commended for hys excellent beuty and personage But the Egiptians being stricken with a great itch and skabbednesse to the entent that the contagion should infect no mo by the warnynge of an Oracle draue hym and all the infected oute of the borders of Egypt Moyses therfore being made captayne of the banished people stale away the sacrifices of the Egiptians the which the Egiptians entending to recouer by force were compelled by Tempestes to retire home againe Moyses eâ—…ones resortnig to Damasco the natyue country of his ancestors went vp into the mountain Synai in the which for as much as he first rested ther after seuen dayes â—…asting and trauel of hymself and hys people through the desertes of Arabie he hallowed the seuenth day and called it after the manner and vsage of the countrie the Sabboth day commaundyng it to be kept Fastyngday for euer after to the worldes ende because that that day had made an ende of all their trauell and hunger And forasmuch as they remembred howe they were dryuen oute of Aegypt for feare of infection they made a lawe neuer after to communicate with stravngers the which thyng rysing at the first vppon good cause and con syderacion by lytle and lytle grewe into custome and superstition After Moyses his brother Aaron was consecrated first Priest of the Ceremonies of Israel and anon after created kyng And euer after it remayned as a custome among the Iewes that they that wer their priests were also their kynges through whose Iustice and vprightnesse
kept more straightlie then he was before In processe of tyme when it was to be thought he would haue taryed for his chyldrens sake that he had by his wyfe accoÌ„panied with his foresayd frende he stale away agayn But euen with lyke infelicitie as before he was apprehended nere vnto the lymites of his owne kyngdome and beyng broughte backe agayn vnto the kyng was commaunded out of his presence in great displeasure Neuerthelesse beyng then also graunted his wyfe and children he was sente agayne into Hyrcanie his olde place of penaunce and was rewar ded with a payre of dyce of golde in exprobration of hys chyldishe lightnesse But this so gentle and fauorable demeanor of the Parthians towarde Demetrius proceded not of any mercie naturally engraffed in that nacion or in respect of Aliance and affynitie but bycause they coueted the kyngdome of Syria entending to vse Demetrius as an instrument agaynst his brother Antiochus accordyng as eyther the matter the tyme or the chaunce of warre should requyre Antiochus hearyng therof thoght it wysedome to preuent the warre and there vppon led his his host whiche he had hardened through manie viages and battelles agaynst his neyghboures agaynste the Parthians But he made preparacion as much for ryot as for warre For wheras he had eight hundred thousand men of warre there wer besydes thre hundred thousand others that followed the host of the which the moste part were Cokes bakers and mynstrels players of enterludes Surely of gold syluer ther was so great abundaÌ„ce that euen the coÌ„mon souldiers ware their hosen enbroydered with golde trode vnder their fete the metall for loue of which other people were wonte to fyght and kyll one another Moreouer all the furniture of kytchens wer of cleane syluer as though they had gone to banquetting and not to battell At Antiochus fyrste commyng manye kyngs of the East mette him yelded themselfes their kyngdomes vnto him vtterlie detestyng the pryde of the Parthians It was not long ere it came to thencounter Antiochus gettyng thupper hand in thre fought fieldes and thervppon winnyng Babylon by force began to be counted great By meanes whereof all countries reuolted so fast vnto him that the Parthians had nothyng left them more then the bare soyle of their owne Realme of Parthia Then Prahartes sent Demetrius into Syria with an host of Parthians to inuade the kyngdome to thintent that by that pollicie Antiochus might be enforced to withdrawe himself out of Parthia to the defence of his owne Realme In the meane whyle bycause he could not ouercom Antiochus by force he sought meanes to surprise him by pollicie Antiochus by reason he hadde such a multitude dispersed all his army into the Cyties duryng the wynter season the which thyng was his vtter vndâ—…yng For the Cyties felyng themselfes greued with victailyng of hiis hoste also with the iniurious demeanour of the souldiers reuolted agayn to the Parthians and on a day appointed for the nones all at one tyme by trayterous conspiracie set vppon the hoste as it was deuided among them seuerllie to th entent they shoulde not be able to rescowe one another when tydinges herof came to Antiochus he assembled suche as wyntered with him went to rescow them that were nerest But in his way he met with the kyng of Parthians against whome he fought more valiauntlie himself then dydde his hoste Notwithstandyng at the laste forasmuche his ennemies were of more force and courage his men for feare forsoke him and so he was slayne For whome Phrahartes made a royal herce dyd exequies after the maner of Prynces and moreouer beyng taken in loue with the daughter of Demetrius whome Antiochus had broght with him he toke her to wyfe Then it repented him that he had let go Demetrius he sent oute menne in post after him to fetche him backe But Demetrius dreadyng the same thyng before hand had made such spede that they founde him in his owne kyngdome so beyng frustrate of theire trauell expectation they returned to the kyng The. xxxix Boke AFter that Antiochus with all hs army was thus destroyed in Parthia his brother Demetrius beyng delyuered from captsuitie of the Parthians and restored to his kyngdome when as all Syria as yet mourned for the losse of the armye as though the warres that he and his brother made in Parthia in the whiche th one was taken prysoner and thother slayn had had prosperous successe he purposed to make warre in Egypt at the request of Cleopatra his wifes mother who promysed to gyue him the kyngdome of Egypte in recompence yf he would helpe to support her agaynste her brother But whyles he went about to get that that was another mans he lost his owne by meanes of a sodayne insurrection in Syria For first the Cytizens of An tioche throgh the instigacion of their Capitayne Tryfo 〈◊〉 the kynges pryde which by his conuersacion among the cruell Parthians was becomme intoierable and anone after the Apameniens with all the rest of the Cyties followyng their ensample toke occasion vpon the kynges absence and rebelled against him Ptolomy also kyng of Egypt against whome the sayd Demetrius made warre when he vnderstode that hys syster Cleopatra had shypped all hhr goods treasur and was sled into Syria to her daughter her 〈◊〉 in lawe Demetrius he suborned a certayn yong men of Egypte the son of Merchantman called Protarchus to chalenge the kyngdome of Syria by bâ—…ttell forging a pedegre as though Antiochus had adopted him into the blood royall And the Syrians cared not who were theyr kyng so they might be delyuered from the pryd of Demetrius So the yong man was proclaymed by the name of Alexander great succor was set to him oute of Egypt In the meane while the bodie of Antiochus slayne by the kyng of Parthia was sent into Syria in a coffyn of syluer to be buried the which was receyued with great reuerence by all the Cyties but chiefly by Alexander himselfe to th entent to make men oredyte the tale that he was adopted to be his heire The which his doyng wann him much fauor of the commonaltie all men thinkyng no lesse but that he ment good faith without dissimulacion in his sorowfull mournyng Demetrius beyng vanquished by Alexander and being enuyroned on all sydes with vnauoydable dauÌ„gers was at the last forsaken of his own wyfe childreÌ„ being therfore left desolate sauyng a fewe seruaunts as he was purposed to haue fled to the temple of Tyrus there to re gistre himself as a sanctuarieman yf percheunce the reue rence of the place might saue his lyfe when he went out to lande he was slayne by the commandement of the Ma ster of the shyppe The one of his sonnes whose name was Seleucus bycause he crowned himself kyng without his mothers conset was by her slayn Thother of his sonnes who for the greatnesse of his
was coÌ„mitted to Satagenor a stranger that had serued Alexander in his warres These afterward when the Macedones fell to ciuill warre with thother nacions of thupper Asia toke part with Emnenes after whose discomfiture they submitted themselfes to Antigonus after Antigonus Nicanor Seleucus Antiochus and his successors kept them in obedience from whose graundchylde Seleucus they fyrst of all reuolted in the fyrst warre that was betwene the Romayns the Carthaginenses L. Manlius Piso and M. Attilius Regu lus beyng Consuls The occasion that they escaped clere with this their rebellion was the discorde betwene the two brothers kyng Seleucus aad kyng Antiochus who were so earnest to plucke the kyngdome one from another that they hadde no leasur to pursewe the rebelles The same tyme also rebelled one called Theodotus the whiche was the Lieuetenaunt of the thousande Cyties of the Bactrians and proclaymed hymselfe Kynge Whose ensample all the other resydewe of the people of the East ensewyng reuolted froÌ„ the Macedones Ther was at the same tyme one Arsaces as of vnknowen lynage so of approued actiuitie This man beyng wonte to lyue by rauyne robberie hearyng say that the Frenchmen had vaÌ„quished Seleucus in Asia beyng out of feare of his Prince entered into Parthia with a bande of robbers and â—…ewe their Lieuetenaunt Andragoras and after he had dispatched him out of the way vsurped the dominion of the countrie It was not long after but he conâ—…uered the kyngdome of Hyrcanie also and so beyng esta blished in the Empire of two Realmes he leuied an huge hoste for feare of Seleucus and Theodotus kyng of the Bactrians But he was sone deliuered froÌ„ feare of Theodotus for he dyed â–ª with whose sonne called Theodotus also â–ª he concluded a league continuall peace And within a while after he enconntred with Seleucus that came to subdewe the rebelles and ouercame him The whiche day the Parthians haue euer sythens kept holye with much solemnitie as the beginnyng of their lybertie Afterwarde when Seleucus was through newe Insurreccions called backe into Asia Arsaces hauyng thereby reâ—…pite and oportunitie sette order in the publike weale of Parthia mustered souldiers builded for tresses stronge holdes strengthened cyties and also edified a Cytie new oute of the ground in the mountayn Thabortene which he named Dara The situacion of whiche place is suche that there cannot be any deuised eyther more strong and defensible or more pleasaunt and delectable For it is so enuyroned round about with stepe rockes that the place of it self is able to hold out the enemie though there wer no bodie to defend it And the soyle thereaboutes is so fer tile and frutefull that it is able to suffice the whole cytie without helpe of any other place Besydes this there is suche abundaunce of sprynges and woodde that besydes the commoditie of the water wherewith it is moste plen tifullie moystured they may also haue the pleasur of haukyng and huntyng when they lyste Arsaces hauyng in this wyse bothe gotten and established his kyngdome at once dyed an olde man as greatlie renoumed among the Parthians as was Cyrus among the Persians Alexander among the Macedones or Romulus among the Romayns In remembraunce of whome the Parthians attributed this honor that they called all theire kynges by the name of Arsaces euer after This mans sonne heire named Arsaces also hauyng an army of an hundred thou sand sootemen and twentie thousand horsemenne fought very valiauntlie agaynst Antiochus the sonne of Seleucus and at length was receyued by him into aliance and frendshippe The third kyng of the Parthians was Pam patius lykewyse surnamed Arsaces for as I told you before they called all their kinges by that name lyke as the Romaynes call theirs by the name of Cesar Augustus This man hauyng raigned twelue yeres deceased leauyng two sonnes Mythridates Pharnax Of the which Pharnax the elder inherityng the kyngdome accordyng to the custome of their countrie conquered a stout kynde of people called the Mardes and within a while after deceased leauyng manie sonnes behynde him the which he made no accompte of in that case but left the kyngdome to his brother Mythridates a man of excellent prowesse and actiuitie thinkyng that the kyngdome was more to be regarded then the name of father and that he oughte rather to prouyde for his natiue contrey â–ª then for his chil dren The same tyme lyke as Mythridates in Parthia so Eucratidâ—…s in Bactria bothe of them notable Princes began their raygnes at once But the Parthians had the happier fortune For through the pollitique gouernance of their kynge they aspyred to the Souerayne prehâ—…minence of th empyre Wheras the Bactrians beyng tossed to and fro with the vncertayn fortune of the warres lost not onely their kyngdome but also their lybertie For after the tyme they had wearied themselfs with the continuall warres of the Sâ—…gdianes Dranganitanes and Indians last of all as when half dead and without of harte they were subdued by the Parthians which wer weaker then they Yet notwithstadyng Encratides atcheued many battels with great prowesse through the which being brought lowe when as Demetrius king of Inde had beseged him he hauyng no mo but thre hundred souldiours about him by his continuall yssuyng oute preuelye vanquished threscore thousand of his enemies Wherevppon beyng after fyue monethes siege enlarged agayne he brought Inde vnder his subiection From whence as he was returnyng homewarde he was slayn in his iourney by his owne sonne whome he had made fellow in Them pyre Who nothyng dissemblyng the vnnaturall murder but rather reioycâ—…ng as though he had killed his enemie and not his father draue his chariot throgh his blood and commaunded his bodie to be throwen awaye vnburied While these thyngs were a doyng amoÌ„g the Bactrians in the meane space there arose warre betwene the Parthians and the Medes in the whiche after diuers aduentures of bothe nacions at length the Parthians gate the vpper hand Mythridates beyng increased in strength by their power made one Bachasus Regent of Media and himselfe went into Hyrcania At his returne froÌ„ whence he made warre vppon the kyng of the Elymeans whom he ouercame and adnexed that Realme also to his kyngdome And there vppon receiuyng many contries by com posicion he dylated th empyre of Parthia from the montayn Cancasus euen vnto the ryuer of Euphrates Fynallie beyng taken with a sicknesse he dyed honorablie in his olde age of no lesse fame and renoume then his greatgraunfather Arsaces The. xlii Boke AFter the decease of Mythridates kynge of the Parthians his sonne Phrahartes was crowned kyng Who beyng fully purposed to warre vppon Syria to be reuenged vppon Antiochus for attemptyng the kyngdome of Parthia was by 〈◊〉 of the Scythians reuoked to the defence of his owne For the Scythians beyng solicited vppon promise of wages to ayde the Parthians against Antiochus
of the Mares of the great number of the races of the which in Gallice and Portyngale there are such store to be sene those so swift that not without good cause thei may seme to be conceyued by the wynde The Gallictans alledge themselfs to be Grekes by descent For after th end of the battell of Troy â–ª they say that Teucer beyng hated of his father Telamon for the death of his brother Ayax ther vppon not permitted to enter into his Realme departed to Cyprus there buylded a Cytie which he named Sala mine after the name of his natif countrie that he came fro Where hearyng of the decease of his father he returned to his countrie agayn but beyng prohibited from arri uall by Eurysaces the sonne of Ayax he arriued in Spain and toke the ground wher new Carthage standeth now From whence he remoued to Gallice ther placing himself his gaue the countrie that name For a porcion of Gallice are called 〈◊〉 a contrie moste plentifull of brasse and lead and of Uermilion which also gaue the name to the ryuer thereby Furthermore it is moste riche of Golde insomuche that diuerse tymes they ere vp cloddes of golde with the ploughe In the borders of this Countrie there is a holy hill the which it is not lawful to cut with anie yron But yf it chaunce that the earth is bro ken with thunder lightning which is a coÌ„mon thyng in those places they are permitted to gather vp the gold as a gift of God The womeÌ„ haue all the doyng in houskeping and husbandrie the men geue themselfs to warre robbyng They haue the hardest yroÌ„ that is but yet their wa ter is of more force then the yron for by temperyng y â— metall there with it is made tougher sharper neyther dooe they count any weapon good that is nor dypped eyther 〈◊〉 the riuer Bilbo or in the riuer Chalybs Wher vpon the people y â— dwell about the sayd riuer are called Chalybes are reported to haue the best yron of all others In the playnes of the Tartesians where it is reported that the Tytanes made warre 〈◊〉 the Goddes dwelled some tyme the Curettes an auncient kyng of the which people named Gargoris fyrst inueÌ„ted the maner to gather hony This man perceiuyng that his daughter had played the miswoman for shame of her wicked dede atteÌ„pted diuers wayes to haue destroyed the chylde But through good for tune he was preserued from al those daungers and at the length for coÌ„passion of so many perils was created kyng Fyrst of all wheÌ„ he had coÌ„maunded him to be cast away certayn dayes after hadde sent to seke his bodie he was found nourished with the milke of sundrie wylde beastes Secondlie when he was brought home he commaunded him to be layd in a narrow path where cattell wer wont to go through surelie he was verie cruell that wold haue his nephewe rather troden to death then simply kylled There also perceiuyng he lay vnhurt not vnfed he caâ—… sed him to be cast fyrst to hungry dogges that he â—…adde pyned from meate many dayes before for the nones afterwardes also to Swyne Finally when they not onely dyd him no harme but also some of them gaue him sucke last of all he had throwe him into the sea Then as it were by the open and manifest prouidence of God among the ragyng sourges and the wallowyng waues as though he had ben â—…aried in a ship and not in the streame the calme sea bare him vp aloâ—…t brought him softlie to shore By and by came a hynde and gaue him sucke Wherevppoâ—… by kepyng companie with his nourice the childe became excedyng swift of foote kept in the mountaynes and forestes among the herdes of red dere as swift a fote as the wightest of them At the lengthe beynge ouerthrowen in a toyle taken he was presented to the kyng for a gift Ther by reason of his stature makyng wherin he much resembled the kyng by certayn markes that wer groweÌ„ in the chylde from his byrth the kyng knew him to be his nephâ—…w And bycause he hadde so wonderfullie escaped so many perillous chaunces he proclaymed him heyre successor of his kingdome His name was called 〈◊〉 who after that he had taken the crowne vppon him became a Prince of such Maiesty that men thoght it was not for no thyng that he was so preserued by the prouidence God froÌ„ so many perilles For he fyrst ordeyned lawes to kepe the sauage people in good order conuersacion one with another He fyrst taught them to breake oxen to the ploughe and to tyll so we the ground he fyrst for 〈◊〉 of such thynges as he had suffered himself caused men to for sake their 〈◊〉 meates to fede vpon better The chan ces of this man might seme to be but a fable yf the buylders of Rome had not ben nourished by a wolfe and Cyrus kyng of Persia nourished of a bytch This maÌ„ forbad the people all seruill occupacions diuided the commons into sâ—…uen cities After the death of Habis the kyngdome remayned in his posteritie itie many hundred yeres In another part of Spayn which consisteth of Isles GerioÌ„ was kyng in the which part there is so great plentie of swete pasture that onles the cattell were kept hungry and not suffered to fede their fyll their bellies wold brust In the same place wer the cattel of Gerion wherin at those daies mens substaunce did chiefly consyst which wer of so great fame that Hercules allured with the richnes of the botie came out of Asia thither Moreouer GerioÌ„ was not triple as the fables report but three brothers which accorded so frendly one with another y â— it semed as though one soule one mynde ruled theÌ„ all thre Neyther dyd they of they re owne motion make warre vpon Hercules but wheÌ„ they sawe their cattell driuen away they soughte with him for the recouering of theÌ„ After that y â— kings ceased in Spain the Carthaginenses fyrst toke vpoÌ„ theÌ„ the Dominion and rule of the contrie For when the Gaditanes coÌ„maunded so to doe in a dreame had brought from Tyrus out of the which Cytie the Carthaginenses hadde also their begynnyng the sacred Ceremonies of Hercules into Spayn there builded a cytie throughâ—… the malice of the people of Spain their next neybors enuying theÌ„creasment of their new city thervpoÌ„ infestyng the Gaditanes with warre they sent to their kynsmen the Carthaginenses for helpe Who hauyng a prosperous iourney bothe defended the Gaditanes from takyng wrong also subdued the more part of the countrie vnder their dominiâ—…n Afterward also encouraged by the fortunate successe of their fyrst viage they sent Hamilcar as granndcapitayn with a great host to coÌ„quer the whole Realme Who hauyng atcheued many hault enterprises whiles he followed his good lucke without aduisemeÌ„t was
in Asia in the meane season beinge vanquished in Sicill by the Carthaginenses in a battel on the sea sente his ambassadoures to Antigonus kinge of Macedone for a freshe crewe of souldioures sending him worde that if he sent them not hee should be constrained to retire into his kingdome and to seeke to make that conquest vpon him whiche he was about to make vppon the Romaines Whan hys ambassadoures brought him word he shuld none haue he fained an excuse and sodenly departed from thence Wylling his confederates to lay for the warres in the meane season he betoke the keping of the castle of Tarent to his sonne Heleâ—… and his frend Milo Assone as he was returned into Epyre forth with he 〈◊〉 the borders of Macedone with whome Antigonus met with an hoaste of men and being put to the worse was faine to 〈◊〉 And so all Macedone yelded vnto Pyrrhus Whervpon as if he had recoÌ„pensed the los of Sicil Italy with the gain of Macedon he sent for his sonne Heleu his freÌ„d Milo that he had left at Tarent Antigonus whâ—… was fled with a few of his horsmen being sodenly bereft of al thornaments of fortune to th entent to marke what wold become of his kingdom y â— he had lost conueyed himselfe into the city Thessalonica that if occasion serued he might hire the french souldiers and renue the war from thence But being vtterly vanquished again by Ptolomy the son of king Pyrrhus eskaping with no mo but only vii of his retinue he neuer hoped to recouer his kyngdoÌ„ but sought caues and wildernesses where to saue his life Pyrrhus therfore being enstalled in the siege royall of so great a kingdome not content to haue attained to that that he could scarsly haue wished for begaÌ„ to practise how to win thempire of Grece and Asia Neither toke he any more plesure of his Empire then of his warres neyther was ther any manable to withstand the force of Pyrrhus whoÌ„ he once assailed But as he had no pier in coÌ„quering of kingdoms so did he as lightly for go them when he had ones won them gotten them So much did he more study endeuor to win kingdoms then to kepe them Ther fore when he had transported his army ouer from Chersonesus ther receiued him thambassadors of th Athenies the Acheans and the Messenians Yea and al the Grekes for the renoun of his name for that they wer astonied at his noble dedes against the Romains CarthagineÌ„ses awaited his comming there The first war y â— he had was with the Lacedemonians where he was receiued wyth greater valiantnesse of the women then of the meÌ„ Ther he lost his son Ptolomy the strongest part â—…f all his army For when he assaulted the town such a sort of womeÌ„ came running to the defence of the citye that he was not more valiantly vaÌ„quished theÌ„ shamefully driueÌ„ to retire Furthermore his son Ptolomy is reported to haue bene so couragious and so stout a man of his hands that wyth lx men he toke the city Corcyra by force And also in a batel vpon the sea out of a cock bote he lepte with vii of hys men into a gally and won it And last of all in thassault of Sparta he brake with his horse into the mids of the city ther was ouerpressed with the number of his enemies and slain Whose body when it was brought to his father Pyrrhus it is reported he should saye that he was slayne somwhat later then he loked for or then his owne folishe hardinesse deserued Pyrrhus when he had taken the repulse at Sparta went to Argos Ther whiles he endeuâ—… red to get Antigonus into his hands whom he had besieged in the city as he fought moost valiantlye among the thickest he was slain with a stone throwen from the wal His hed was cut of and brought to Antigonus who vsing the victory gentilly sent home his sonne Helen with hys Epyrotes which wer yelded vnt ohim into his kingdom without raunsome and deliuered him his fathers body y â— lay vnburied to cary home with him into his country It is a constant report amongste all authors that there was not any kinge either in those daies or in the latter tymes before worthy to be compared vnto Pyrrhus and that it was a hard matter to finde any not only among kynges but also among other famous men either of more holy liuing or of more tried approued iustice and as for know ledge in cheualry and feates of armes there was so much in him that wheras he had continuall warres with Lystmachus Demetrius and Antigonus kinges of so greats power and puissaunce yet was he neuer ouercome by any of theÌ„ neither was he euer brought to so low an ebbe but that he was able to matche the Illyrians Sicilians Romaines and Carthaginenses at all times yea and som times to get the vpper hand of them By meanes whereof throughe the fame of his noble actes and the renownâ—… of his name he made his country famous and renoumed ouer all the worlde beinge of it self before his time bothe small and of no reputation â–ª The. xxvi Booke AFter the death of Pyrrhus there arose very great and troublesome warres not onlye in Macedone but also in Asia and Grece For the Peloponnesians being betraied vnto Antigonus and according as men wer either striken in fear or els prouoked to gladnesse lyke as euery city hoped for succour at Pyrrhus hande or stode in dreade of him euen in like case either they entered in leage with Antigonus or els vppon malice and hatred fell together by the eares amonge them selues In the time that the prouinces were in this turmoyle Arystotimus a noble man of the realme toke perforce the chiefe citye of the Epyrotes and made himself king who after that he hadde put many of the head menne to deathe and driuen 〈◊〉 of them into exile when as the Aetolians required by their ambassadors that he should restore vnto the banished meÌ„ their wiues and children at the fyrst he denied to doo it Afterward as thoughe he had repented him he gaue all the Ladies and gentlewomen leaue to goo to theyr husbandes and appoynted a day when they shuld take theyr iourny The Ladies as they that thought to liue all their liues in exile with theyr husbands toke al the preciousest iewels and best thinges that they had with theym But assone as they were all come to the gate of purpose to go in one company together he spoyled them of all that euer they had slue the litle children in their mothers bosomes threw the mothers them selues into prison and rauyshed the maidens All menne beinge amased at this hys cruell 〈◊〉 a noble manne of the realme named Helemate being an old man and without childre as one that in respect of his yeres in that he was childlesse was voyde of al fear called home to his house
comming oute of Asia entred the mouth of Tyber ioyned amitie with the Romayns From thence they went by water to thuttermoste coast of Fraunce and there among the Liguriens the cruell Frenchmen 〈◊〉 buylded the cytie Marsielles and dyd many noble actes bothe in defendyng themselfes by the sworde agaynst the sauage Frenchmen also in assailyng those that had assayled them before For the Phocenâ—…es by reason of the barrei esse and sterilitie of their contrie were compelled to set their myndes more earnestlie vppon the water then vppon the land and so they lyued by fishyng by traffike of merchaÌ„dyse and oftentymes by rob bing on the sea which in those days was coÌ„ted for a praise By meanes wherof they adueÌ„tured to thuttermoste border of Thocean arriued vppon the French coast by the ryuer of Rone with the plasauntnes of which place they were so taken in loue that at their returne home they re ported what they had sene and procured mo of their contrymen to go thither with them The Captaynes of their flete were furius Peranus Who with their company presented 〈◊〉 before Senanus kyng of the Segoregians in whose territorie they coueted to buyld them a cytie desyring his amitie frendship By chaunce the very same day the king was occupied in preparacion for the mariag of his daughter Eyptis whome accordyng to the custome of the countrie he purposed to marry to suche a one whome she herself at the feast would chose to be her husband Among other that were bydden to the Mariage the straungers of Grece were desyred to the feaste also Anone the yong lady was brought in who beyng coÌ„manded by her father to reache a cup of water to him whome she wold haue to her husband passed ouer all thother gestes turnyng herselfte the Grekes gaue the water to Peran Who by this meanes beyng made of a straunger the kynges sonne in law obteyned of his father a ploâ—…te to buyld a Cytie vppon So was the Cytie of Marsielles buylded hard by the mouthe of the riuer of Rone in an out nooke as it wer in an angle of the sea But the Ligurians enuying the prosperitie of the Cytie distroubled the Grekes with their continuall warres Who through valeaunt defendyng of themselfes became so renoumed that after they had vanquished their enemies they buylded many cyties in the groundes that they toke froÌ„ them At theire handes the Frenchmen lerned a more ciuill trade of liuynge throughe the whiche ' theire Barbarousnesse was layde a syde and as it were tamed togither with the tyllage of the grounde and the wallyng in of their cyties Then they framed themselfes to lyue by lawes and not by force then they lerned to shred theire vynes then they lerned to plant and graffe their olyues fynally bothe the men all other thynges were so exquisytely polyshed that Grece semed not to be remoued into Fraunce But rather that Fraunce was transformed into Grece After the death of Senanus kyng of the Gegoregians by whome the place to buylde the cytie vppon was graunted his sonne Comanus succedyng him in the kyngdome was inuegled againste the Massiliens by one of his Lordes alledgyng that the tyme would come that Marsielles shoulde be the destruccion of the people that were next neigâ—…bors about it wherfore it was to be suppressed now in y â— very rising therof least afterward being suffred to grow stronger it might oppresse him For the further manifestacion wherof he recited this fable how vppon a tyme a bytâ—…h beyng great with whelpe desyred a shepeherde to lende her houseroume to whelpe in the whiche beyng obteyned she desyred of hym eftsones to respite her so longe but tyll she mighte brynge vp her whelpes at length when they were full growen she and her whelpes were so strong that she chalenged the place to her selfe for euer In lykewise the Massilians whiche then semed to be but soieourners would perchaunce hereafter become Lords of the couÌ„trie The king beyng prouoked by this instigacion deuised how to surprise the MassiliaÌ„s So vppon a so lemne feastfull day of the Goddesse flora he sent a greate sorte of strong stout men into the Cytie as it had ben to make merrie causyng a great number mo to be coÌ„ueyed in cartes and wagens hyddeÌ„ with rushes and leaues and he himself with his host lay in ambushe in the next moun taynes to th entent that in the night when thother had set open the gates he might comme with all spede to the performance of his prepensed pollicie put the cytie to the sworde as they were dead a slâ—…pe or elles eatyng and drinkyng But a kynswoman of the kynges bewrayed this treason who beyng wonte to playe the goodfellowe with a certayn yong man of the Grekes as she embraced him hauing pytie on him for his beautie vttered the mat ter vnto him counselled him to auoyde the daunger He forthwith tolde the matter to the Officers of the Cytie By meanes whereof the treason commyng to light the Liguriens were layd hand on and they that laye hydden in the rushes were pulled oute by the heles The whiche beyng euerichone â—…layne the treason was turned vppon the kynges owne head for the Massilians slewe the kyng himselfe and seuen thousande of his souldiers with him From that day forward the Massiliens vppon their feast full dayes kept their gates shutte made good watche set men to warde vppon the walles serched all straungers tooke good hede and euen as yf they had had warre so kept they the Cytie in tyme of peace So well is good order kept among them at al tymes not so much in time of nede as vpon custome of doyng well Afterward thei had sore warres with the Ligurians with the Frenchmen The which thyng bothe encreased the renoume of the city also by atcheuing so many victories made the knight â—…ode â—…heualry of the Grekes famous redouted amoÌ„g their neighbors Moreouer thei diuerse times vanquished the armies of the Carthaginenses When they warred vpon theÌ„ for taking of their fisher botes gaue the peace at their pleasure like conquerors With the Spanyardes they entered in leage of amitie with the Romayns they made a continuall confederacâ—…e aliance almost from the fyrst laying of the foundacion of the cytie the whiche they obserued moste faithfullie and to thuttermoste of theire power ayded theÌ„ as their coÌ„federates in al their warres The which thyng both made theÌ„ to be bolder to trust to their own strength also purchased theÌ„ peace of their en nemies Therfore at such time as Marsiels florished most in renowme of cheualrie in abundance of riches was in the chief flower of her strength sodaynly al the people bordering about theÌ„ gathered theÌ„selfes together to rote vp the name of the Massiliens as it had ben to ertinguish some coÌ„mon fyre A noble man called Caramandus was by a coÌ„mon consent chosen to be