before_o which_o expedition_n of_o his_o happen_v anno_fw-la dom._n 343._o after_o his_o success_n over_o the_o frank_n and_o he_o pass_v a_o edict_n still_o exstant_fw-la in_o the_o 5._o theodosian_a code_n when_o he_o be_v at_o bologn_n in_o his_o passage_n which_o bear_v date_n that_o year_n and_o a_o coin_n of_o he_o be_v mention_v by_o 33._o du_n cange_n and_o 134._o spanheim_n wherein_o the_o effigy_n of_o constans_n be_v on_o one_o side_n and_o on_o the_o reverse_n a_o arm_a man_n on_o shipboard_n with_o the_o image_n of_o victory_n and_o the_o inscription_n of_o bononia_n oceanen_n be_v coin_v on_o purpose_n to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o this_o passage_n and_o upon_o his_o come_n over_o thing_n be_v quiet_v here_o but_o not_o long_o after_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v new_a incursion_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o province_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o forego_n passage_n of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n when_o lupicinus_n be_v send_v over_o who_o arrive_v at_o london_n say_v he_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o winter_n to_o take_v counsel_n how_o to_o proceed_v in_o the_o time_n of_o valentinian_n the_o same_o historian_n 4._o say_v that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o general_a disturbance_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n by_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o lie_v near_o they_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n he_o mention_n the_o pict_n who_o some_o render_v redshanks_n the_o saxon_n the_o scot_n and_o the_o attacot_n who_o be_v continual_o vex_v and_o do_v mischief_n to_o the_o britain_n so_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n the_o 8._o britain_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o miserable_a condition_n by_o a_o new_a conspiracy_n of_o the_o barbarian_n wherein_o nectaridus_n the_o comes_fw-la maritimi_fw-la tractûs_fw-la or_o roman_a admiral_n and_o fallofaudes_n the_o general_n be_v both_o kill_v and_o then_o valentinian_n send_v over_o theodosius_n a_o famous_a captain_n father_n to_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n with_o considerable_a force_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o pict_n of_o both_o kind_n the_o deucalidones_n and_o vecturiones_n the_o attacotti_n a_o fierce_a nation_n and_o the_o scot_n disperse_v themselves_o up_o and_o down_o do_v abundance_n of_o mischief_n but_o theodosius_n leave_v london_n disperse_v his_o force_n likewise_o into_o several_a part_n who_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n and_o recover_v their_o booty_n which_o they_o restore_v to_o the_o owner_n only_o reserve_v a_o small_a share_n for_o the_o soldier_n and_o so_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o put_v the_o city_n out_o of_o its_o fear_n and_o difficulty_n and_o enter_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o triumph_n and_o then_o take_v care_n to_o have_v good_a officer_n place_v here_o civilis_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o dulcitius_n for_o military_a affair_n who_o these_o attacotti_n be_v who_o join_v with_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n our_o antiquary_n be_v not_o agree_v but_o because_o of_o their_o join_n with_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o be_v distinguish_v from_o they_o it_o seem_v most_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v the_o wild_a britain_n for_o 2._o st._n hierome_n do_v say_v they_o be_v a_o british_a people_n but_o what_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n be_v be_v not_o yet_o understand_v and_o i_o doubt_n will_v not_o be_v unless_o some_o happen_v to_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o phoenician_n language_n what_o great_a mischief_n have_v be_v do_v to_o the_o britain_n by_o this_o combination_n of_o their_o enemy_n appear_v by_o the_o care_n take_v by_o theodosius_n after_o his_o beat_v they_o out_o of_o the_o country_n to_o restore_v the_o city_n and_o garrison_n and_o to_o settle_v the_o guard_n upon_o the_o frontier_n which_o be_v do_v that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o he_o recover_v from_o they_o he_o obtain_v leave_v to_o have_v it_o name_v a_o new_a province_n and_o it_o be_v call_v valentia_n from_o the_o emperor_n name_n this_o be_v do_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 368._o and_o the_o next_o year_n theodosius_n return_v to_o the_o emperor_n court._n from_o that_o time_n we_o read_v no_o more_o of_o their_o incursion_n till_o maximus_n in_o the_o time_n of_o gratian_n son_n to_o valentinian_n be_v set_v up_o by_o the_o soldiery_n in_o britain_n to_o be_v emperor_n then_o init_fw-la prosper_v set_v out_o by_o pithaeus_n say_v maximus_n overcome_v the_o pict_n and_o scot_n make_v new_a incursion_n which_o he_o think_v he_o have_v do_v so_o effectual_o as_o to_o fear_v no_o disturbance_n on_o that_o side_n and_o therefore_o take_v away_o from_o hence_o all_o the_o flower_n both_o of_o the_o roman_a and_o british_a soldiery_n to_o make_v good_a his_o title_n against_o gratian_n and_o valentinian_n and_o after_o against_o theodosius_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o their_o return_n to_o secure_v the_o frontier_n from_o their_o enemy_n and_o this_o prove_v the_o fatal_a blow_n to_o the_o britain_n for_o the_o empire_n be_v so_o divide_v and_o maximus_n force_v to_o keep_v his_o army_n together_o those_o part_n be_v leave_v open_a to_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o their_o merciless_a enemy_n and_o if_o the_o 590._o author_n of_o the_o eulogium_fw-la and_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la may_v be_v believe_v gratian_n and_o valentinian_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o the_o gothick_n pict_n and_o help_v they_o with_o ship_n to_o convey_v they_o into_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n on_o purpose_n to_o withdraw_v maximus_n his_o army_n out_o of_o gaul_n who_o come_v thither_o in_o great_a number_n and_o find_v the_o country_n naked_a and_o without_o defence_n settle_v themselves_o in_o those_o part_n not_o as_o though_o the_o pict_n have_v not_o come_v hither_o before_o but_o they_o never_o come_v over_o in_o so_o great_a number_n and_o with_o so_o much_o encouragement_n as_o they_o do_v now_o and_o it_o seem_v not_o improbable_a that_o gratian_n and_o valentinian_n shall_v at_o that_o time_n deal_v with_o the_o gothick_n nation_n to_o give_v a_o diversion_n to_o maximus_n for_o 760._o zosimus_n assign_v that_o as_o one_o of_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o gratian_n ruin_n that_o he_o seem_v more_o fond_a of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n than_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o maximus_n charge_v valentinian_n with_o make_v use_n of_o the_o hunns_n and_o the_o alani_n against_o he_o which_o be_v not_o deny_v by_o 27._o st._n ambrose_n who_o be_v send_v by_o valentinian_n on_o a_o embassy_n to_o he_o these_o hunni_n and_o alani_n be_v as_o be_v common_o say_v inhabitant_n of_o sarmatia_n europaea_n near_o to_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n the_o alani_n do_v live_v upon_o the_o tanais_n say_v 153._o hadrianus_n valesius_fw-la and_o the_o hunni_n say_v he_o be_v a_o scythian_a people_n between_o the_o pontus_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n upon_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o caucasus_n from_o who_o the_o abares_n turk_n and_o hungarian_n be_v descend_v but_o whosoever_o observe_v 2._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n his_o description_n of_o they_o will_v find_v that_o the_o hunni_n be_v the_o asiatic_a tartar_n and_o the_o alani_n the_o european_a the_o hunni_n in_o the_o time_n of_o valens_n pass_v over_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n in_o vast_a number_n and_o after_o have_v kill_v many_o of_o the_o alani_n take_v the_o rest_n into_o confederacy_n with_o they_o and_o have_v conquer_v the_o goth_n in_o those_o part_n enlarge_v their_o power_n as_o far_o as_o the_o danube_n where_o they_o lie_v ready_a to_o come_v into_o the_o roman_a empire_n on_o any_o occasion_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v if_o gratian_n shall_v employ_v person_n into_o scandinavia_n to_o draw_v out_o great_a force_n from_o thence_o thereby_o to_o make_v a_o revulsion_n as_o to_o maximus_n his_o design_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n however_o this_o be_v gildas_n from_o this_o time_n date_n the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o the_o britain_n as_o be_v in_o no_o posture_n to_o defend_v themselves_o at_o home_n 23._o nennius_n say_v that_o maximianus_n as_o he_o call_v he_o carry_v all_o the_o force_n out_o of_o britain_n and_o kill_v gratian_n the_o emperor_n and_o will_v not_o let_v the_o british_a soldier_n return_v to_o their_o wife_n child_n or_o possession_n but_o give_v they_o another_o country_n instead_o of_o it_o in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o gaul_n say_v the_o interpolatour_n of_o nennius_n and_o these_o say_v nennius_n be_v the_o aremorican_a britain_n who_o never_o after_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n and_o from_o hence_o he_o say_v britain_n be_v seize_v upon_o by_o foreign_a nation_n and_o its_o own_o native_n be_v drive_v out_o and_o will_v so_o continue_v till_o god_n help_v they_o but_o the_o british_a history_n set_v forth_o by_o 4._o geffrey_n have_v improve_v the_o story_n in_o many_o particular_n first_o it_o make_v this_o maximianus_n to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o octavius_n and_o so_o to_o come_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o
origines_fw-la britannicae_n or_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o british_a church_n with_o a_o preface_n concern_v some_o pretend_a antiquity_n relate_v to_o britain_n in_o vindication_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n by_o ed._n stillingfleet_n d._n d._n dean_n of_o st._n paul_n and_o chaplain_n in_o ordinary_a to_o his_o majesty_n london_n print_v by_o m._n flesher_n for_o henry_n mortlock_n at_o the_o phoenix_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1685._o the_o preface_n the_o design_n of_o the_o follow_a book_n be_v to_o give_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a a_o view_n of_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o british_a church_n from_o their_o first_o plantation_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n as_o can_v be_v have_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n and_o by_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o light_a as_o be_v leave_v we_o concern_v they_o when_o i_o first_o undertake_v this_o subject_n i_o intend_v no_o more_o than_o a_o introduction_n to_o something_o else_o but_o be_v enter_v into_o it_o and_o lay_v the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o before_o i_o i_o find_v so_o many_o obscure_a and_o doubtful_a passage_n to_o be_v clear_v so_o many_o common_a mistake_n to_o be_v rectify_v so_o many_o considerable_a part_n of_o church-history_n which_o tend_v to_o illustrate_v it_o that_o either_o i_o must_v give_v a_o very_a imperfect_a account_n of_o it_o or_o so_o much_o exceed_v the_o proportion_n of_o a_o preface_n that_o i_o conclude_v i_o have_v better_o alter_v my_o design_n and_o with_o more_o pain_n and_o material_n make_v it_o a_o entire_a work_n of_o itself_o to_o this_o end_n i_o lay_v aside_o whatever_o relate_v to_o the_o first_o occasion_n of_o my_o undertake_n it_o reserve_v that_o for_o its_o proper_a place_n and_o season_n and_o then_o i_o resume_v the_o consideration_n of_o this_o present_a argument_n with_o large_a and_o free_a thought_n and_o resolve_v to_o attempt_v something_o towards_o the_o rescue_v this_o part_n of_o church-history_n wherein_o we_o be_v so_o much_o concern_v from_o those_o fabulous_a antiquity_n which_o have_v so_o much_o debase_v the_o value_n and_o eclipse_v the_o glory_n of_o it_o this_o i_o know_v be_v a_o work_n not_o only_o of_o much_o labour_n and_o industry_n in_o search_v and_o compare_v good_a and_o bad_a author_n print_v and_o ms._n foreign_a and_o domestic_a but_o which_o require_v more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n and_o judgement_n in_o separate_v the_o oar_n from_o the_o dross_n which_o be_v do_v as_o it_o ought_v the_o question_n may_v be_v whether_o it_o will_v not_o fall_v out_o here_o as_o in_o some_o mine_n that_o the_o quantity_n of_o good_a oar_n will_v be_v so_o small_a as_o hardly_o to_o compensate_a for_o the_o pain_n of_o dig_v and_o refine_n it_o but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o the_o difficulty_n to_o be_v foresee_v for_o some_o man_n eye_n be_v still_o so_o tender_a as_o not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v the_o strong_a impression_n of_o light_n especial_o in_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o antiquity_n of_o their_o own_o country_n for_o whatever_o the_o reason_n be_v of_o that_o love_n mankind_n do_v natural_o bear_v to_o the_o country_n they_o be_v bear_v in_o we_o find_v it_o so_o universal_a that_o even_o the_o laplander_n and_o samoyed_n admire_v no_o country_n like_o their_o own_o and_o be_v impatient_a of_o any_o contradiction_n to_o their_o fancy_n of_o the_o beauty_n and_o conveniency_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v pity_n to_o rob_v man_n of_o any_o such_o false_a idea_n not_o entrench_v upon_o religion_n or_o morality_n which_o tend_v so_o much_o to_o the_o ease_n and_o comfort_n of_o their_o life_n for_o if_o man_n will_v be_v in_o love_n with_o a_o cold_a air_n and_o a_o barren_a soil_n with_o ice_n and_o mountain_n with_o live_v in_o cave_n and_o hut_n and_o travel_v upon_o the_o harden_a snow_n to_o what_o purpose_n shall_v any_o go_v about_o to_o confute_v they_o by_o prove_v that_o the_o elysian_a field_n be_v more_o pleasant_a than_o those_o northern_a climate_n and_o so_o strong_a be_v the_o inclination_n that_o be_v root_v in_o mankind_n to_o the_o love_n of_o their_o country_n that_o some_o learned_a and_o witty_a man_n who_o have_v be_v bear_v in_o none_o of_o the_o most_o tempt_a climate_n have_v use_v great_a art_n and_o industry_n to_o represent_v they_o with_o such_o advantage_n to_o the_o world_n as_o though_o paradise_n be_v but_o another_o name_n for_o their_o native_a country_n of_o which_o we_o have_v a_o remarkable_a instance_n in_o the_o late_a work_n of_o a_o ingenious_a person_n who_o with_o mighty_a pain_n have_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v not_o only_o that_o plato_n atlantic_a island_n 7.23_o but_o the_o elysian_a field_n themselves_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o one_o of_o the_o remote_a northern_a country_n and_o it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o go_v about_o to_o alter_v such_o man_n opinion_n which_o be_v not_o so_o much_o found_v on_o reason_n as_o on_o a_o over_o bear_v passion_n for_o their_o native_a soil_n which_o hurt_v no_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o make_v their_o own_o seem_v more_o pleasant_a to_o themselves_o some_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v the_o great_a punishment_n to_o such_o person_n be_v to_o let_v they_o live_v at_o home_o and_o enjoy_v their_o own_o opinion_n but_o i_o rather_o look_v on_o it_o as_o a_o effect_n of_o the_o wisdom_n of_o divine_a providence_n to_o make_v man_n content_v with_o the_o place_n of_o their_o habitation_n for_o if_o all_o mankind_n shall_v love_v and_o admire_v one_o and_o the_o same_o country_n there_o will_v be_v nothing_o but_o destroy_v one_o another_o in_o hope_n to_o enjoy_v it_o whereas_o now_o since_o the_o true_a paradise_n be_v lose_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o the_o world_n that_o every_o nation_n shall_v believe_v they_o have_v it_o at_o home_o if_o therefore_o any_o of_o our_o neighbour_n nation_n shall_v think_v their_o own_o the_o rich_a the_o pleasant_a the_o fruitfull_a country_n in_o the_o world_n i_o shall_v by_o no_o mean_n think_v it_o fit_a to_o dispute_v it_o with_o they_o no_o more_o than_o i_o will_v the_o wisdom_n or_o goodness_n of_o their_o parent_n for_o however_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n be_v it_o be_v best_o for_o child_n to_o believe_v well_o of_o they_o and_o it_o may_v prove_v of_o very_o ill_a consequence_n to_o alter_v a_o mistake_a good_a opinion_n in_o they_o for_o it_o make_v they_o less_o content_v and_o less_o fit_a to_o be_v govern_v than_o before_o and_o live_v under_o such_o a_o mispersuasion_n can_v never_o do_v they_o so_o much_o hurt_v as_o the_o unseasonable_a discovery_n of_o their_o error_n do_v from_o hence_o i_o look_v on_o all_o national_a quarrel_n as_o very_o foolish_a and_o mischievous_a it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o all_o person_n shall_v love_v their_o own_o country_n as_o they_o do_v their_o parent_n and_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o suffer_v in_o his_o esteem_n for_o that_o which_o it_o be_v never_o in_o his_o power_n to_o help_v but_o whosoever_o fix_v a_o ill_a character_n upon_o a_o person_n on_o the_o account_n of_o his_o country_n make_v a_o whole_a nation_n his_o enemy_n which_o no_o wise_a man_n will_v ever_o do_v and_o whoever_o do_v it_o will_v one_o time_n or_o other_o see_v cause_n to_o repent_v his_o folly_n but_o be_v it_o not_o possible_a for_o learned_a and_o ingenuous_a man_n to_o inquire_v into_o and_o debate_v the_o several_a antiquity_n of_o their_o nation_n without_o make_v a_o national_a quarrel_n about_o they_o in_o matter_n of_o self-defence_n there_o be_v a_o moderamen_fw-la inculpatae_fw-la tutelae_fw-la to_o be_v observe_v and_o so_o there_o ought_v certain_o to_o be_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o country_n especial_o when_o the_o dispute_n relate_v neither_o to_o the_o safety_n nor_o profit_n nor_o the_o true_a honour_n or_o esteem_v of_o it_o but_o only_o to_o a_o mere_a point_n of_o antiquity_n wherein_o wise_a and_o learned_a man_n may_v differ_v from_o each_o other_o that_o be_v native_n of_o the_o same_o country_n and_o these_o matter_n be_v not_o to_o be_v decide_v in_o the_o field_n nor_o at_o the_o bar_n nor_o by_o a_o majority_n of_o voice_n but_o depend_v upon_o the_o compare_v of_o ancient_a history_n the_o credibility_n of_o testimony_n and_o a_o sagacity_n in_o search_v and_o skill_n in_o judge_v concern_v they_o it_o be_v not_o every_o one_o that_o can_v plead_v eloquent_o at_o the_o bar_n or_o quote_v author_n at_o second_o hand_n or_o dispute_v warm_o out_o of_o common_a place_n that_o be_v present_o fit_a to_o judge_v about_o such_o thing_n for_o he_o that_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o do_v that_o ought_v not_o only_o to_o have_v a_o general_a skill_n in_o antiquity_n and_o the_o best_a author_n but_o to_o compare_v the_o history_n and_o annal_n the_o
which_o have_v more_o smattering_n of_o learning_n than_o in_o the_o age_n before_o and_o so_o he_o begin_v his_o history_n very_o formal_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o best_a roman_a author_n with_o deduce_v their_o history_n from_o gathelus_n and_o scota_n derive_v their_o succession_n from_o the_o greek_n and_o egyptian_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v they_o from_o the_o trojan_n this_o i_o do_v not_o attribute_v to_o his_o invention_n for_o it_o be_v at_o large_a in_o fordon_n 9_o who_o quote_v some_o old_a chronicle_n and_o legend_n for_o it_o especial_o the_o legend_n of_o s._n brendan_n a_o admirable_a and_o authentic_a record_n but_o to_o do_v right_a to_o hector_n in_o this_o matter_n he_o say_v ingenuous_o that_o their_o people_n follow_v the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n therein_o and_o as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a book_n at_o large_a where_o i_o treat_v of_o these_o antiquity_n this_o humour_n have_v overspread_v all_o the_o northern_a nation_n 5._o as_o soon_o 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pluscarden_n as_o the_o advocate_n believe_v upon_o buchanan_n word_n 32._o then_o in_o his_o time_n they_o be_v not_o carry_v to_o rome_n for_o my_o part_n i_o do_v not_o question_v that_o there_o be_v mss._n chronicle_n in_o scotland_n before_o fordon_n for_o i_o find_v he_o frequent_o cite_v they_o but_o by_o the_o thing_n he_o quote_v out_o of_o they_o they_o be_v not_o considerable_a nor_o do_v by_o any_o authority_n as_o the_o annal_n of_o the_o royal_a monastery_n of_o this_o kingdom_n his_o continuer_n say_v be_v and_o afterward_o examine_v and_o compare_v i_o be_o sorry_a to_o find_v sir_n r._n sibbald_n reckon_v up_o among_o the_o book_n he_o have_v never_o see_v 13._o have_v make_v it_o his_o business_n so_o many_o year_n to_o illustrate_v his_o country_n not_o only_a cornelius_n hibernicus_n and_o veremundus_n but_o the_o annal_n of_o pasley_n and_o scoon_n but_o however_o we_o be_v glad_a that_o the_o advocate_n assure_v we_o he_o have_v a_o very_a old_a abridgement_n of_o 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kind_n as_o injury_n to_o their_o country_n if_o not_o to_o the_o royal_a line_n but_o may_v it_o not_o just_o seem_v strange_a that_o when_o our_o polite_a and_o learned_a neighbour_n have_v endeavour_v with_o so_o much_o care_n to_o reform_v their_o history_n and_o to_o purge_v away_o all_o fabulous_a antiquity_n out_o of_o they_o we_o of_o this_o island_n shall_v grow_v angry_a and_o impatient_a when_o any_o undertake_v so_o generous_a a_o design_n what_o injury_n be_v it_o think_v to_o be_v to_o the_o royal_a line_n of_o france_n that_o hunibaldus_n his_o antiquity_n find_v no_o long_o place_n in_o their_o history_n and_o yet_o nothing_o seem_v more_o glorious_a than_o to_o have_v their_o royal_a line_n deduce_v long_o before_o the_o time_n that_o alexander_n take_v babylon_n for_o according_a to_o hunibaldus_n his_o account_n which_o he_o take_v he_o say_v out_o of_o a_o ancient_a ms._n of_o vastaldus_fw-la such_o another_o author_n as_o veremundus_n the_o frank_n go_v from_o troy_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o francio_n towards_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n just_a about_o the_o time_n that_o aeneas_n go_v for_o italy_n where_o they_o fix_v and_o build_v the_o city_n sicambria_n and_o at_o last_o remove_v into_o germany_n under_o marcomir_n the_o son_n of_o priamus_n and_o sunno_n the_o son_n of_o antenor_n after_o francio_n hunibaldus_n set_v down_o a_o formal_a succession_n of_o king_n of_o two_o several_a race_n 16_o in_o the_o first_o and_o 31_o in_o the_o second_o all_o which_o he_o give_v a_o very_a particular_a account_n of_o as_o to_o the_o time_n of_o their_o reign_n for_o above_o 413_o year_n before_o christ_n nativity_n and_o although_o this_o ancient_a succession_n of_o king_n be_v a_o long_a time_n receive_v and_o magnify_v as_o appear_v by_o lazius_n and_o p._n aemilius_n and_o fordon_n quote_v sigebert_n for_o it_o 19_o yet_o now_o their_o learned_a historian_n be_v ashamed_a to_o mention_v it_o much_o more_o to_o plead_v for_o it_o and_o to_o charge_v those_o with_o a_o degree_n of_o lese-majesty_n who_o call_v it_o in_o question_n suffridus_n petrus_n have_v write_v the_o antiquity_n of_o friesland_n much_o in_o the_o way_n that_o hector_n boethius_n have_v do_v those_o of_o scotland_n 2._o he_o tell_v a_o very_a grave_a story_n concern_v a_o province_n in_o the_o indies_n call_v fresia_n from_o whence_o a_o colony_n be_v send_v under_o friso_n saxo_n and_o bruno_n who_o go_v into_o alexander_n army_n and_o for_o this_o he_o quote_v old_a frisian_a rythm_n and_o one_o patrocles_n a_o old_a indian_a writer_n and_o beside_o he_o have_v all_o the_o advocate_n be_v common_a place_n of_o tradition_n common_a fame_n 3._o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o own_o historian_n and_o he_o name_v andrea_n cornelius_n it_o seem_v there_o be_v a_o cornelius_n frisius_n as_o well_o as_o hibernicus_n solco_fw-la fortemannus_fw-la occo_n scherlensis_fw-la joh._n uleterpius_fw-la and_o several_a other_o who_o with_o one_o consent_n deliver_v these_o antiquity_n but_o say_v he_o you_o will_v object_v that_o in_o so_o long_a a_o time_n and_o amid_o so_o many_o war_n such_o antiquity_n can_v hardly_o be_v preserve_v to_o that_o he_o answer_v that_o friso_n be_v admirable_o skill_v in_o greek_a learning_n set_v up_o a_o public_a school_n at_o stauria_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o stavo_n and_o in_o the_o temple_n a_o library_n on_o purpose_n for_o antiquity_n like_o that_o of_o icolmkill_n and_o beside_o a_o palace_n be_v build_v by_o uffo_n wherein_o be_v contain_v the_o effigy_n of_o all_o their_o king_n from_o friso_n who_o come_v to_o friesland_n just_a 313_o year_n before_o christ_n nativity_n to_o the_o time_n of_o charlemagn_n for_o 1113_o year_n and_o be_v not_o these_o antiquity_n very_o well_o attest_v yet_o since_o ubbo_n emmius_n have_v confute_v they_o no_o learned_a advocate_n have_v appear_v in_o vindication_n of_o they_o be_v it_o any_o disparagement_n to_o the_o royal_a line_n of_o spain_n to_o have_v the_o first_o succession_n of_o king_n there_o dispute_v viz._n from_o jubal_n to_o melicola_n the_o 24_o king_n from_o he_o who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v reign_v there_o the_o very_a year_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n so_o very_o punctual_o be_v the_o author_n of_o fabulous_a antiquity_n and_o if_o you_o believe_v they_o they_o have_v good_a ancient_a author_n and_o the_o tradition_n of_o their_o country_n for_o they_o haec_fw-la nostri_fw-la majores_fw-la multis_fw-la libris_fw-la tradiderunt_fw-la say_v the_o pretend_a berosus_n and_o by_o these_o help_n we_o have_v great_a light_n give_v we_o into_o the_o antiquity_n of_o europe_n for_o thereby_o we_o understand_v that_o janus_n who_o be_v somewhat_o elder_a than_o gathelus_n be_v noah_n himself_o give_v tuysco_n the_o country_n from_o the_o tanais_n to_o the_o rind_n italy_n to_o gomer_n the_o celtic_a province_n to_o samothe_n and_o celtiberia_n to_o jubal_n and_o this_o be_v just_a 131_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n gomer_n go_v into_o italy_n the_o 10_o year_n of_o saturn_n the_o father_n of_o jupiter_n belus_n in_o the_o 12_o jubal_n go_v into_o celtiberia_n and_o not_o long_o after_o samothe_n call_v dis_n found_v the_o celtic_a colony_n among_o which_o be_v the_o britain_n and_o from_o he_o their_o druid_n be_v call_v samothei_n after_o jubal_n among_o the_o celtiberian_n reign_v iberus_n his_o son_n from_o who_o come_v the_o name_n of_o iberi_n and_o among_o the_o celtae_n magus_n the_o son_n of_o samothe_n in_o the_o 51st_o year_n of_o ninus_n who_o succeed_v jupiter_n belus_n this_o magus_n in_o the_o scythian_a language_n be_v magog_n and_o from_o he_o come_v so_o many_o termination_n of_o the_o name_n of_o town_n as_o rhotamagum_fw-la noviomagum_fw-la juliomagum_fw-la caesaromagum_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o 34th_o of_o semiramis_n jubelda_n son_n of_o iber_n succeed_v in_o celtiberia_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ninias_n son_n to_o semiramis_n reign_v sarron_n among_o the_o celtae_n from_o he_o the_o learned_a gaul_n be_v call_v sarronidae_fw-la the_o same_o i_o suppose_v with_o our_o advocate_n be_v sanachies_n in_o the_o 20_o of_o arius_n 14._o brigus_n reign_v in_o celtiberia_n and_o in_o the_o 29_o dryius_fw-la among_o the_o celtae_n nothing_o can_v be_v more_o natural_a than_o to_o derive_v the_o druid_n from_o he_o who_o be_v convert_v the_o advocate_n tell_v we_o 13._o become_v their_o first_o monk_n and_o in_o the_o irish_a version_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n the_o wise_a man_n be_v translate_v druid_n therefore_o the_o druid_n be_v original_o irish._n in_o the_o time_n of_o aralius_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o babylon_n bardus_n be_v king_n over_o the_o celtae_n and_o he_o be_v the_o inventour_n of_o music_n and_o verse_n and_o from_o he_o come_v the_o bard_n who_o be_v the_o poet_n of_o their_o tradition_n as_o the_o advocate_n style_v they_o 14._o after_o he_o succeed_v longo_fw-la then_o bardus_n junior_a after_o he_o lucus_n and_o then_o celtes_n and_o galate_n narbon_n lugdus_n beligius_n allobrox_n romus_n paris_n lemannus_n galatas_n junior_a and_o francus_n must_v we_o allow_v all_o these_o noble_a antiquity_n for_o fear_n of_o shorten_v the_o royal_a line_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n and_o yet_o here_o be_v a_o great_a appearance_n of_o exactness_n a_o pretence_n to_o ancient_a record_n and_o to_o the_o common_a tradition_n of_o the_o several_a country_n for_o berosus_n appeal_v both_o to_o tradition_n and_o write_v and_o so_o do_v manetho_n in_o the_o continuation_n of_o he_o quae_fw-la ex_fw-la nostris_fw-la historicis_fw-la vel_fw-la corum_fw-la relationibus_fw-la consecuti_fw-la fumus_fw-la so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v the_o two_o supporter_n of_o antiquity_n which_o the_o advocate_n build_v upon_o viz._n tradition_n and_o record_n and_o metasthenes_n another_o pretend_a continuer_n of_o berosus_n say_v he_o take_v all_o out_o of_o the_o royal_a library_n at_o susa_n where_o the_o persian_a annal_n be_v preserve_v but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o fair_a show_n and_o specious_a pretence_n there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n of_o tolerable_a judgement_n in_o europe_n who_o will_v venture_v his_o reputation_n to_o plead_v for_o these_o antiquity_n but_o the_o learned_a advocate_n say_v 2._o that_o their_o antiquity_n have_v be_v receive_v with_o great_a applause_n for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n by_o all_o historian_n antiquary_n and_o critic_n of_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v any_o occasion_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o affair_n these_o be_v very_o high_a expression_n and_o argue_v a_o good_a assurance_n in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o his_o book_n for_o my_o part_n i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o acquaintance_n with_o all_o historian_n antiquary_n and_o critic_n for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n and_o so_o there_o may_v have_v be_v some_o for_o any_o thing_n i_o know_v who_o have_v applaud_v their_o history_n from_o 330_o year_n before_o christ_n but_o upon_o my_o little_a knowledge_n in_o book_n i_o dare_v
call_v in_o the_o irish_a catalogue_n of_o king_n fergusius_n fortamalius_n who_o the_o author_n of_o the_o synchronism_n make_v contemporary_a with_o ptolemy_n philometor_n 114._o from_o whence_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o original_a mistake_n lie_v in_o apply_v the_o irish_a genealogy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n but_o if_o we_o go_v beyond_o these_o genealogy_n in_o ireland_n and_o come_v to_o examine_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n relate_v to_o their_o remote_a antiquity_n we_o shall_v find_v no_o more_o certainty_n there_o than_o we_o have_v do_v in_o scotland_n and_o it_o be_v ingenuous_o confess_v by_o tigernacus_n in_o his_o annal_n 258._o that_o all_o their_o antiquity_n to_o the_o reign_n of_o kimbaithus_fw-la their_o 73._o king_n be_v very_o uncertain_a but_o he_o may_v have_v go_v far_o and_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o truth_n however_o we_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v it_o to_o be_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o ingenuity_n to_o own_o so_o much_o in_o those_o time_n when_o fabulous_a antiquity_n be_v so_o much_o cry_v up_o and_o believe_v but_o what_o become_v then_o of_o caesarea_n baronna_n and_o balba_n with_o fifty_o other_o woman_n and_o but_o three_o man_n come_v from_o ireland_n just_a forty_o day_n before_o the_o flood_n 2._o and_o the_o fifteen_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n what_o become_v of_o partholanus_n and_o his_o company_n who_o arrive_v in_o ireland_n the_o 312_o the_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 14._o of_o the_o moon_n and_o upon_o wednesday_n be_v not_o this_o wonderful_a exactness_n at_o such_o a_o distance_n of_o time_n and_o the_o late_a antiquary_n confess_v he_o do_v not_o know_v how_o they_o come_v to_o understand_v the_o day_n of_o the_o week_n and_o the_o month_n so_o well_o how_o come_v they_o to_o understand_v 6._o that_o the_o second_o colony_n under_o nemethus_n come_v to_o ireland_n when_o it_o have_v be_v 30_o year_n desolate_a and_o after_o the_o destruction_n of_o that_o colony_n that_o it_o remain_v so_o 200_o year_n 7._o as_o to_o the_o milesian_n colony_n from_o spain_n i_o discourse_v at_o large_a afterward_o of_o it_o and_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o annal_n these_o antiquity_n depend_v upon_o but_o then_o as_o to_o late_a time_n since_o christianity_n be_v among_o they_o and_o some_o kind_n of_o learning_n do_v flourish_v in_o ireland_n for_o some_o time_n there_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o most_o ancient_a annal_n such_o be_v those_o of_o tigernacus_n who_o die_v a._n d._n 1088._o and_o the_o synchronism_n of_o flannus_fw-la who_o die_v a._n d._n 1056._o the_o historical_a poem_n of_o coemannus_fw-la who_o be_v celebrate_v as_o their_o chief_a antiquary_n and_o he_o deduce_v his_o historical_a poem_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ireland_n to_o a._n d._n 1072._o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o time_n he_o live_v in_o modudius_fw-la continue_v the_o history_n of_o their_o king_n from_o a._n d._n 428._o to_o a._n d._n 1022._o and_o he_o live_v a._n d._n 1143._o but_o beside_o these_o 466._o the_o irish_a antiquary_n have_v find_v a_o irish_a poem_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n in_o the_o time_n of_o malcolm_n canmoir_n with_o their_o name_n and_o the_o time_n of_o their_o reign_n which_o poem_n begin_v with_o loarn_v and_o fergus_n the_o son_n of_o erc_n as_o the_o first_o king_n of_o scotland_n but_o take_v notice_n of_o king_n among_o the_o pict_n before_o without_o the_o least_o intimation_n of_o any_o among_o the_o scot_n which_o be_v join_v with_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o genealogy_n and_o the_o annal_n of_o tigernacus_n and_o of_o jocelin_n in_o the_o act_n of_o st._n patrick_n they_o conclude_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o monarchy_n in_o scotland_n till_o the_o time_n of_o this_o fergus_n of_o the_o dalredian_n family_n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o bede_n shall_v understand_v this_o colony_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o these_o brethren_n by_o his_o deuce_n reuda_n because_o they_o be_v equal_a the_o denomination_n be_v take_v from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n who_o be_v rieda_n or_o reuda_n and_o daal_n the_o irish_a antiquary_n say_v original_o signify_v a_o stock_n and_o only_a by_o consequence_n a_o share_n or_o portion_n but_o the_o advocate_n still_o insist_o upon_o it_o that_o in_o their_o chief_a monastery_n they_o have_v ancient_a annal_n keep_v which_o must_v be_v of_o great_a authority_n than_o these_o irish_a historical_a poem_n this_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o bare_a probability_n that_o there_o be_v such_o annal_n but_o when_o they_o be_v produce_v and_o compare_v with_o the_o irish_a annal_n of_o tigernacus_n the_o annal_n of_o ulster_n ynisfallin_n dungall_n and_o other_o which_o the_o irish_a antiquary_n quote_v so_o often_o beside_o their_o historical_a poem_n we_o shall_v then_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v better_o between_o they_o in_o point_n of_o antiquity_n and_o credibility_n at_o present_v it_o do_v not_o seem_v so_o probable_a that_o they_o have_v any_o such_o that_o be_v considerable_a since_o they_o have_v not_o be_v allege_v by_o so_o learned_a a_o advocate_n for_o their_o antiquity_n who_o will_v not_o omit_v so_o material_a a_o evidence_n for_o his_o cause_n and_o there_o be_v a_o passage_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o continuation_n of_o fordon_n which_o make_v it_o more_o than_o probable_a they_o have_v no_o ancient_a authentic_a annal_n in_o the_o monastery_n for_o there_o it_o be_v say_v 39_o that_o in_o other_o country_n and_o as_o he_o hear_v in_o england_n in_o all_o their_o monastery_n of_o royal_a foundation_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a person_n appoint_v to_o write_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o present_a time_n and_o after_o the_o king_n death_n at_o the_o next_o great_a council_n all_o these_o writer_n be_v to_o meet_v and_o to_o bring_v in_o their_o paper_n which_o be_v to_o be_v compare_v and_o examine_v by_o skilful_a man_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o out_o of_o all_o one_o authentic_a chronicle_n be_v to_o be_v make_v which_o be_v to_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o the_o archive_v of_o the_o monastery_n as_o such_o from_o whence_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v know_v the_o like_a he_o wish_n be_v do_v in_o scotland_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v no_o authentic_a annal_n in_o their_o monastery_n before_o that_o time_n to_o his_o knowledge_n buchanan_n 392.45.1.50.2_o i_o know_v do_v several_a time_n quote_v the_o book_n of_o paslay_n but_o it_o have_v be_v far_o better_a to_o have_v print_v the_o book_n itself_o since_o dempster_n say_v it_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o dumferlin_n 1011._o that_o other_o may_v have_v be_v better_a able_a to_o judge_v concern_v it_o 13._o but_o fordon_n tell_v we_o that_o monastery_n be_v found_v a._n d._n 1168._o or_o a_o year_n after_o say_v the_o chronicle_n of_o melros_n now_o the_o very_a foundation_n of_o the_o monastery_n be_v here_o so_o late_o that_o no_o great_a matter_n can_v be_v expect_v as_o to_o remote_a antiquity_n 36._o that_o at_o scone_n as_o fordon_n say_v be_v found_v not_o much_o soon_o a._n d._n 1107._o as_o to_o abercorn_n though_o mention_v by_o bede_n yet_o buchanan_n say_v no_o one_o can_v find_v out_o so_o much_o as_o the_o footstep_n of_o it_o 40.2_o and_o so_o we_o be_v not_o like_a to_o expect_v much_o light_n from_o thence_o it_o be_v very_o strange_a that_o buchanan_n only_o shall_v see_v the_o famous_a book_n of_o pluscardin_n for_o book_n do_v not_o easy_o grow_v famous_a by_o one_o man_n see_v they_o but_o no_o great_a matter_n of_o antiquity_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o thence_o since_o that_o monastery_n at_o the_o soon_a be_v found_v by_o alexander_n ii_o in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n 78._o but_o dempster_n rather_o think_v it_o be_v 200_o year_n after_o i_o never_o hear_v that_o aidan_n finan_n and_o colman_n leave_v any_o annal_n at_o lindesfern_n nor_o columba_n or_o his_o successor_n at_o icolmkill_n if_o any_o such_o be_v ever_o find_v it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a favour_n to_o inquisitive_a man_n to_o oblige_v the_o world_n by_o publish_v they_o that_o if_o we_o be_v guilty_a of_o mistake_n we_o may_v rectify_v they_o upon_o such_o great_a authority_n when_o they_o vouchsafe_v to_o let_v they_o see_v the_o light_n as_o to_o the_o chronicle_n of_o melrosse_n late_o publish_v at_o oxford_n we_o find_v no_o advantage_n at_o all_o to_o the_o advocate_n be_v cause_v by_o it_o 24._o but_o here_o be_v a_o odd_a kind_n of_o reflection_n either_o on_o the_o ms._n or_o the_o worthy_a publisher_n of_o it_o as_o though_o it_o be_v very_o unfaithful_a in_o the_o thing_n relate_v to_o the_o scotish_n nation_n whereas_o i_o have_v frequent_o peruse_v the_o original_a
st._n paul_n circumstance_n that_o he_o have_v leisure_n and_o opportunity_n enough_o to_o have_v come_v hither_o 2._o from_o the_o circumstance_n of_o britain_n that_o here_o be_v encouragement_n and_o invitation_n enough_o for_o he_o to_o come_v 3._o from_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o apostle_n that_o he_o be_v the_o most_o likely_a to_o come_v hither_o of_o any_o of_o they_o 1._o that_o st._n paul_n have_v leisure_n and_o opportunity_n enough_o to_o come_v hither_o to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o chron._n eusebius_n st._n catal._n jerome_n and_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_n that_o st._n paul_n suffer_v at_o rome_n 14_o the_o of_o nero._n 1._o baronius_n say_v the_o 13_o reckon_v the_o year_n of_o nero_n exact_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o october_n but_o 14._o petavius_n say_v that_o the_o ancient_n reckon_v the_o year_n according_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n of_o a_o civil_a year_n so_o that_o the_o 13_o of_o nero_n reign_n be_v the_o 14_o from_o the_o calends_o of_o january_n st._n paul_n be_v send_v to_o rome_n when_o festus_n be_v make_v procuratour_n of_o judaea_n in_o the_o room_n of_o felix_n which_o be_v say_v eusebius_n and_o st._n jerome_n in_o the_o second_o of_o nero_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o question_v it_o for_o although_o felix_n succeed_v cumanus_n in_o the_o government_n of_o judaea_n who_o be_v not_o condemn_v till_o the_o 12_o of_o claudius_n from_o whence_o to_o the_o second_o of_o nero_n can_v be_v reckon_v those_o many_o year_n 24.10_o st._n paul_n say_v he_o have_v be_v governor_n among_o the_o jew_n yet_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o felix_n be_v not_o send_v immediate_o from_o rome_n as_o 8._o baronius_n mistake_v but_o upon_o cumanus_n his_o sentence_n have_v his_o former_a government_n enlarge_v judaea_n be_v then_o add_v to_o his_o province_n and_o part_n of_o the_o province_n which_o he_o have_v before_o be_v give_v to_o agrippa_n as_o 11._o josephus_n say_v so_o that_o part_n of_o galilee_n and_o samaria_n have_v be_v under_o his_o government_n before_o saint_n paul_n may_v well_o say_v he_o have_v be_v a_o ruler_n among_o they_o many_o year_n although_o he_o be_v dismiss_v in_o the_o second_o of_o nero_n and_o although_o 54._o tacitus_n say_v that_o felix_n have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n governor_n of_o judaea_n yet_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o province_n between_o cumanus_n and_o he_o that_o before_o cumanus_n his_o banishment_n that_o which_o be_v proper_o judaea_n fall_v not_o to_o his_o share_n and_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o his_o government_n shall_v outlast_v the_o favour_n of_o pallas_n with_o nero_n which_o mighty_o decline_v in_o his_o second_o year_n after_o saint_n paul_n come_v to_o rome_n saint_n luke_n say_v he_o abide_v there_o 28.30_o two_o year_n but_o 1._o massutius_n observe_v from_o the_o circumstance_n of_o saint_n paul_n voyage_n that_o he_o can_v not_o come_v to_o rome_n till_o the_o three_o of_o nero._n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o have_v his_o liberty_n till_o the_o five_o upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o favour_n show_v as_o he_o conjecture_n to_o prisoner_n and_o exile_n on_o the_o murder_n of_o agrippina_n but_o from_o this_o time_n to_o his_o return_v to_o rome_n he_o go_v up_o and_o down_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o which_o time_n 286._o godeau_n in_o his_o life_n of_o saint_n paul_n allow_v eight_o year_n 67._o massutius_n rather_o more_o 2._o baronius_n the_o same_o and_o he_o say_v it_o be_v time_n enough_o for_o he_o to_o pass_v through_o the_o whole_a world_n which_o massutius_n repeat_v after_o he_o the_o question_n now_o be_v where_o saint_n paul_n employ_v all_o this_o time_n the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o church_n general_o say_v in_o the_o western_a part_n so_o clemens_n theodoret_n st._n jerome_n athanasius_n epiphanius_n and_o other_o but_o i_o need_v not_o to_o insist_v on_o particular_a testimony_n since_o the_o only_a learned_a 29._o person_n who_o have_v oppose_v this_o opinion_n do_v ingenuous_o confess_v it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o common_a and_o receive_a opinion_n of_o all_o the_o father_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n by_o any_o thing_n he_o have_v produce_v to_o recede_v from_o it_o for_o suppose_v we_o shall_v grant_v that_o he_o go_v back_o into_o the_o eastern_a part_n and_o visit_v the_o church_n there_o some_o part_n of_o this_o time_n yet_o there_o be_v enough_o still_o leave_v for_o st._n paul_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o britain_n and_o other_o western_a part_n as_o the_o father_n say_v that_o he_o do_v and_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o time_n spend_v by_o st._n paul_n in_o his_o former_a travel_n in_o the_o east_n and_o allow_v he_o to_o use_v a_o equal_a diligence_n afterward_o there_o can_v appear_v any_o improbability_n that_o he_o shall_v come_v into_o britain_n and_o establish_v a_o christian_a church_n here_o three_o peregrination_n of_o st._n paul_n we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n before_o his_o voyage_n to_o rome_n the_o 13.14_o first_o be_v of_o he_o and_o barnabas_n from_o antioch_n to_o seleucia_n cyprus_n perga_n iconium_n lystra_n and_o derbe_n of_o lycaonia_n from_o whence_o they_o return_v back_o and_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n then_o plant_v by_o they_o and_o although_o it_o be_v say_v 8._o that_o they_o abide_v long_o at_o iconium_n and_o antioch_n yet_o 9_o massutius_n show_v that_o this_o whole_a peregrination_n take_v up_o but_o five_o year_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o 12._o baronius_n allow_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o to_o the_o council_n of_o jerusalem_n for_o that_o he_o place_v in_o the_o four_o of_o claudius_n and_o this_o in_o the_o 9th_o but_o 1._o he_o make_v their_o return_n to_o antioch_n in_o the_o seven_o so_o that_o he_o allow_v but_o three_o year_n to_o the_o sound_n and_o settle_v so_o many_o church_n after_o the_o council_n at_o jerusalem_n saint_n paul_n take_v another_o progress_n from_o antioch_n and_o go_v through_o 15.41_o syria_n and_o cilicia_n from_o thence_o to_o derbe_n and_o lystra_n and_o so_o through_o phrygia_n and_o galatia_n and_o mysia_n and_o then_o from_o troas_n cross_v the_o sea_n into_o macedonia_n where_o he_o first_o preach_v at_o philippi_n a_o roman_a colony_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v to_o thessalonica_n and_o so_o to_o berrhoea_n athens_n and_o 18_o corinth_n where_o he_o tarry_v a_o year_n and_o six_o month_n and_o more_o and_o then_o fail_v into_o syria_n and_o make_v haste_n to_o jerusalem_n 22._o and_o so_o return_v to_o antioch_n this_o second_o progress_n 56._o baronius_n reckon_v from_o the_o nine_o of_o claudius_n to_o the_o twelve_o and_o half_a the_o time_n be_v spend_v at_o corinth_n the_o three_o be_v again_o from_o antioch_n over_o all_o the_o country_n of_o galatia_n and_o phrygia_n to_o which_o 18.23_o baronius_n allow_v a_o year_n time_n and_o the_o next_o he_o fix_v at_o ephesus_n where_o st._n paul_n say_v he_o 20.31_o tarry_v three_o year_n not_o exact_o but_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o it_o have_v teach_v 10._o three_o month_n in_o the_o synagogue_n and_o two_o year_n in_o the_o school_n of_o tyrannus_n from_o ephesus_n he_o go_v into_o macedonia_n and_o achaia_n and_o have_v abide_v there_o three_o month_n he_o return_v through_o macedonia_n to_o troas_n and_o from_o thence_o go_v to_o miletus_n whither_o he_o send_v for_o the_o elder_n of_o the_o church_n and_o take_v his_o solemn_a leave_n of_o they_o say_v 2â—.38_n that_o they_o shall_v see_v his_o face_n no_o more_o from_o miletus_n he_o pass_v to_o phoenicia_n and_o so_o to_o jerusalem_n where_o he_o be_v keep_v two_o year_n in_o custody_n and_o then_o send_v by_o festus_n to_o rome_n this_o be_v a_o short_a account_n of_o st._n paul_n labour_n and_o diligence_n in_o preach_v the_o gospel_n before_o his_o imprisonment_n at_o rome_n and_o we_o can_v suppose_v a_o person_n of_o such_o indefatigable_a industry_n and_o pain_n shall_v lie_v still_o so_o many_o year_n after_o it_o be_v certain_a he_o think_v he_o shall_v never_o return_v more_o to_o the_o eastern_a part_n when_o he_o say_v so_o solemn_o i_o know_v that_o you_o all_o among_o who_o i_o have_v go_v preach_v the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n shall_v see_v my_o face_n no_o more_o which_o word_n do_v not_o only_o concern_v the_o church_n of_o ephesus_n but_o all_o the_o other_o church_n plant_v by_o he_o in_o the_o east_n and_o this_o he_o speak_v not_o as_o his_o fear_n or_o conjecture_v but_o out_o of_o certain_a knowledge_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a he_o shall_v return_v into_o the_o east_n nor_o if_o he_o do_v will_v this_o hinder_v his_o come_n into_o these_o part_n afterward_o where_o he_o may_v plant_v church_n within_o that_o time_n but_o it_o be_v
show_n of_o authority_n that_o palladius_n be_v send_v to_o those_o which_o be_v already_o christian_n and_o therefore_o christianity_n must_v be_v plant_v among_o the_o scot_n before_o the_o mission_n of_o palladius_n and_o for_o this_o he_o quote_v beda_n ado_n viennensis_n hermannus_n contractus_fw-la marianus_n scotus_n and_o other_o and_o he_o blame_v platina_n and_o ciacconius_n who_o make_v he_o the_o instrument_n of_o their_o conversion_n wherein_o he_o confess_v they_o follow_v fabius_n ethelwerd_v and_o ingulphus_n but_o he_o take_v no_o notice_n that_o prosper_v himself_o in_o his_o chronicon_fw-la affirm_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o the_o other_o have_v it_o from_o he_o so_o that_o prosper_n make_v the_o scot_n to_o be_v convert_v by_o palladius_n and_o to_o have_v be_v christian_n before_o his_o time_n which_o be_v inconsistent_a but_o 56._o nennius_n seem_v to_o have_v hit_v upon_o the_o true_a account_n of_o this_o matter_n viz._n that_o palladius_n be_v send_v by_o celestine_n to_o convert_v the_o scot_n but_o find_v no_o great_a success_n therein_o he_o be_v drive_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o britain_n and_o there_o die_v and_o after_o his_o death_n st._n patrick_n be_v send_v on_o the_o same_o errand_n and_o if_o the_o writer_n of_o his_o life_n may_v be_v believe_v palladius_n do_v very_o little_a towards_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o therefore_o what_o prosper_n say_v of_o celestine_n make_v a_o barbarous_a nation_n christian_n must_v be_v understand_v of_o his_o design_n and_o good_a intention_n and_o not_o of_o the_o event_n which_o come_v not_o to_o pass_v till_o some_o time_n after_o and_o chief_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o st._n patrick_n who_o go_v after_o the_o death_n of_o palladius_n unless_o we_o understand_v the_o word_n of_o prosper_n of_o those_o who_o be_v make_v christian_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o write_n the_o design_n whereof_o be_v lay_v by_o palladius_n be_v therefore_o attribute_v to_o he_o when_o he_o write_v against_o cassian_n sometime_o after_o the_o death_n of_o celestine_n but_o when_o he_o write_v his_o chronicon_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o leo_n the_o scot_n be_v then_o convert_v he_o say_v that_o palladius_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v bishop_n over_o the_o believe_a scot_n not_o that_o they_o do_v then_o believe_v before_o palladius_n his_o come_n but_o that_o they_o do_v now_o believe_v when_o he_o write_v his_o chronicon_fw-la for_o all_o the_o testimony_n of_o such_o as_o preach_v there_o before_o palladius_n be_v of_o very_o little_a credit_n but_o nothing_o of_o all_o this_o relate_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n but_o to_o the_o original_a scot_n in_o ireland_n who_o be_v uncapable_a of_o a_o national_a conversion_n in_o britain_n so_o long_o before_o they_o come_v to_o settle_v in_o it_o as_o will_v appear_v afterward_o so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o conversion_n of_o scot_n before_o the_o mission_n of_o palladius_n it_o can_v at_o all_o respect_n this_o place_n of_o tertullian_n who_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o britain_n and_o not_o of_o the_o scot_n and_o dio_n know_v of_o none_o but_o britain_n that_o live_v northward_o in_o that_o expedition_n of_o severus_n although_o he_o say_v he_o go_v to_o the_o utmost_a extent_n of_o the_o island_n and_o at_o last_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o britain_n upon_o their_o quit_n not_o small_a part_n of_o their_o country_n although_o they_o soon_o revolt_v so_o that_o here_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o britain_n to_o be_v convert_v in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o roman_n never_o have_v be_v before_o severus_n his_o last_o expedition_n which_o the_o scotish_n historian_n apply_v to_o the_o conversion_n of_o their_o nation_n who_o be_v not_o yet_o come_v into_o britain_n but_o allow_v that_o there_o be_v church_n plant_v among_o the_o northern_a britain_n this_o do_v not_o overthrow_v the_o continuance_n and_o propagation_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n among_o the_o provincial_a britain_n for_o now_o for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o christian_a religion_n have_v a_o great_a liberty_n of_o propagate_a itself_o for_o from_o the_o time_n of_o hadrian_n to_o severus_n the_o christian_n be_v general_o free_a from_o persecution_n except_v what_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o people_n bring_v upon_o they_o in_o some_o place_n without_o any_o edict_n of_o the_o emperor_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o antonini_n both_o at_o rome_n in_o gaul_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o east_n but_o these_o persecution_n be_v neither_o general_n nor_o continue_v so_o long_o as_o when_o the_o emperor_n publish_v edict_n on_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o the_o persecution_n under_o trajan_n and_o the_o antonini_n aught_o in_o reason_n to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o those_o under_o nero_n and_o domitian_n decius_n and_o dioclesian_n when_o the_o emperor_n make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o root_v out_o christianity_n but_o in_o the_o former_a case_n the_o emperor_n restrain_v the_o people_n by_o their_o edict_n but_o the_o people_n in_o some_o place_n by_o false_a suggestion_n frustrate_v the_o design_n of_o those_o edict_n which_o place_n except_v the_o christian_n enjoy_v a_o long_a time_n of_o liberty_n in_o which_o they_o neglect_v no_o opportunity_n to_o promote_v their_o religion_n and_o within_o this_o time_n the_o christian_a writer_n say_v there_o be_v no_o nation_n almost_o then_o know_v where_o christianity_n be_v not_o plant_v so_o 345._o justin_n martyr_n tell_v trypho_n so_o 21._o eusebius_n and_o ruffinus_n speak_v 8._o and_o 3._o lactantius_n say_v that_o christianity_n spread_v itself_o into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n so_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o corner_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o remote_a whither_o it_o have_v not_o pierce_v no_o nation_n so_o barbarous_a that_o be_v not_o reduce_v by_o it_o as_o to_o britain_n gildas_n affirm_v the_o continuance_n of_o a_o church_n here_o from_o the_o first_o plantation_n of_o the_o gospel_n though_o not_o maintain_v with_o equal_a zeal_n to_o the_o persecution_n of_o dioclesian_n and_o even_o that_o be_v so_o far_o from_o destroy_v it_o that_o it_o gain_v strength_n and_o reputation_n by_o the_o courage_n of_o confessor_n and_o martyr_n and_o the_o heat_n of_o it_o be_v no_o soon_o over_o but_o as_o 8._o bede_n and_o 8._o gildas_n both_o say_v the_o christian_a church_n flourish_v again_o in_o great_a peace_n and_o unity_n till_o the_o arian_n heresy_n give_v it_o disturbance_n 2._o it_o be_v object_v that_o 381._o sulpicius_n severus_n speak_v of_o the_o persecution_n of_o christian_n in_o gaul_n in_o the_o time_n of_o m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n say_v that_o martyrdom_n be_v then_o first_o see_v in_o gaul_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v more_o late_o receive_v beyond_o the_o alps_n which_o seem_v to_o overthrow_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o britannic_a as_o well_o as_o the_o gallic_a church_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n after_o so_o many_o discourse_n write_v in_o a_o neighbour_n nation_n about_o this_o passage_n we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v that_o which_o sulpicius_n severus_n absolute_o affirm_v viz._n that_o there_o be_v no_o martyrdom_n in_o gaul_n before_o that_o time_n from_o that_o which_o he_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o viz._n that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v more_o late_o receive_v on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_n the_o other_o he_o be_v certain_a of_o there_o be_v no_o authentic_a relation_n of_o any_o martyrdom_n there_o before_o but_o that_o which_o he_o assign_v as_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o have_v no_o such_o certainty_n in_o it_o for_o the_o christian_a church_n may_v have_v be_v plant_v there_o before_o and_o have_v escape_v that_o persecution_n which_o befall_v the_o church_n of_o lion_n and_o vienna_n in_o the_o time_n of_o m._n aurelius_n he_o may_v as_o well_o have_v argue_v that_o christianity_n be_v not_o here_o receive_v till_o a_o little_a before_o the_o persecution_n of_o dioclesian_n because_o we_o read_v of_o no_o martyrdom_n before_o those_o of_o st._n alban_n julius_n and_o aaron_n at_o that_o time_n but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o edict_n for_o persecution_n of_o christian_n for_o above_o a_o hundred_o year_n together_o viz._n from_o the_o persecution_n of_o domitian_n anno_fw-la dom._n 92._o to_o the_o edict_n of_o severus_n anno_fw-la dom._n 204._o than_o it_o be_v very_o possible_a that_o there_o may_v be_v christian_a church_n in_o gaul_n and_o yet_o no_o martyrdom_n till_o the_o persecution_n under_o m._n aurelius_n by_o a_o popular_a tumult_n which_o as_o 1._o eusebius_n tell_v we_o be_v the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 6._o baronius_n think_v that_o m._n aurelius_n send_v private_a edict_n against_o the_o christian_n but_o 5._o tertullian_n say_v none_o of_o their_o good_a emperor_n ever_o persecute_v the_o christian_n and_o instance_v in_o trajan_n hadrian_n pius_n verus_fw-la and_o m._n aurelius_n 33._o eusebius_n say_v that_o trajan_n abate_v the_o fierceness_n of_o
hold_v good_a the_o other_o can_v which_o differ_v as_o to_o time_n person_n and_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o life_n which_o our_o writer_n say_v be_v spend_v here_o and_o 2._o geffrey_n from_o the_o british_a history_n say_v that_o he_o die_v at_o gloucester_n and_o leave_v no_o heir_n to_o succeed_v he_o wherein_o he_o be_v follow_v by_o 36._o john_n fordon_n who_o say_v that_o after_o the_o death_n or_o disappearance_n of_o king_n lucius_n the_o royal_a stock_n fail_v and_o then_o the_o roman_n appoint_v governor_n instead_o of_o king_n but_o by_o that_o expression_n well_fw-mi non_fw-la comparente_fw-la fordon_n seem_v to_o doubt_v whether_o he_o do_v not_o withdraw_v in_o his_o old_a age_n according_a to_o the_o german_a tradition_n 18._o nennius_n say_v that_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 164._o lucius_n king_n of_o britain_n with_o all_o the_o inferior_a king_n of_o britain_n be_v baptize_v upon_o a_o embassy_n send_v by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o pope_n evaristus_n but_o the_o old_a ms._n in_o the_o cotton_n library_n have_v it_o post_z 167_o annos_fw-la post_fw-la adventum_fw-la christi_fw-la one_o of_o the_o cambridge_n mss._n post_v 164_o annos_fw-la in_o the_o margin_n whereof_o it_o be_v say_v that_o nennius_n be_v grievous_o mistake_v because_o evaristus_n his_o time_n can_v agree_v to_o either_o of_o the_o computation_n evaristus_n die_v according_a to_o the_o old_a catalogue_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n make_v about_o an._n d._n 354._o when_o trebonius_n gallus_n and_o metilius_n bradua_n be_v consul_n which_o according_a to_o the_o fasti_fw-la both_o of_o onuphrius_n panvinius_n and_o sir_n h._n savil_n be_v anno_fw-la dom._n 109._o but_o archbishop_n usher_n observe_v that_o in_o one_o copy_n of_o nennius_n he_o find_v the_o name_n of_o eleutherius_fw-la therefore_o i_o pass_v it_o over_o and_o yet_o the_o time_n of_o eleutherius_fw-la will_v not_o agree_v with_o either_o of_o these_o computation_n for_o he_o be_v make_v bishop_n of_o rome_n according_a to_o the_o same_o catalogue_n in_o the_o consulship_n of_o severus_n and_o herennianus_n which_o according_a to_o those_o fasti_fw-la be_v anno_fw-la dom._n 172._o but_o it_o will_v be_v too_o hard_a to_o press_v the_o point_n of_o chronology_n too_o far_o when_o histor._n bede_n according_a to_o different_a computation_n sometime_o put_v anno_fw-la dom._n 156._o and_o at_o another_o time_n anno_fw-la dom._n 167._o but_o as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v general_o agree_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o m._n aurelius_n and_o lucius_n verus_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o eleutherius_fw-la his_o popedom_n i_o shall_v urge_v this_o matter_n no_o far_o since_o it_o must_v come_v within_o a_o very_a little_a compass_n if_o the_o character_n of_o time_n must_v suit_v with_o it_o which_o marianus_n scotus_n say_v be_v when_o pollio_n and_o aper_n be_v consul_n the_o sixteenth_o of_o m._n aurelius_n and_o anno_fw-la dom._n 176._o according_a to_o the_o dionysian_a account_n although_o marianus_n follow_v another_o himself_n which_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v the_o year_n before_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lion_n and_o vienna_n which_o as_o 1._o eusebius_n say_v be_v the_o seventeen_o of_o m._n aurelius_n when_o irenaeus_n be_v send_v by_o they_o on_o a_o message_n to_o eleutherius_fw-la 3._o baronius_n place_n the_o conversion_n of_o lucius_n somewhat_o late_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o commodus_n anno_fw-la dom._n 183._o but_o therein_o as_o archbishop_n usher_n observe_v he_o have_v all_o the_o more_o ancient_a historian_n against_o he_o and_o it_o be_v only_o his_o own_o mistake_n in_o the_o chronology_n of_o the_o first_o bishop_n of_o rome_n which_o make_v he_o say_v the_o time_n of_o eleutherius_fw-la will_v not_o agree_v to_o m._n aurelius_n and_o lucius_n verus_n wherein_o he_o be_v too_o much_o follow_v by_o our_o 47._o learned_a antiquary_n have_v then_o find_v no_o such_o inconsistency_n in_o the_o point_n of_o time_n but_o that_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o king_n as_o lucius_n in_o britain_n then_o he_o may_v well_o send_v to_o eleutherius_fw-la such_o a_o message_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o consider_v how_o far_o this_o tradition_n of_o king_n lucius_n can_v agree_v with_o the_o state_n of_o the_o british_a affair_n at_o that_o time_n the_o britain_n be_v impatient_a of_o the_o roman_a yoke_n in_o hadrian_n time_n he_o come_v over_o and_o bring_v new_a legion_n with_o he_o and_o settle_v the_o whole_a province_n in_o quietness_n and_o build_v his_o wall_n to_o keep_v the_o other_o britain_n in_o order_n notwithstanding_o this_o in_o antoninus_n his_o time_n the_o war_n break_v out_o more_o fierce_o and_o not_o only_o the_o antonin_n other_o britain_n force_a their_o passage_n into_o the_o roman_a province_n but_o as_o arcad._n pausanias_n say_v the_o brigantes_n rebel_v who_o for_o that_o cause_n have_v part_n of_o their_o country_n take_v from_o they_o but_o lollius_n vrbicus_n be_v send_v hither_o he_o drive_v the_o britain_n back_n build_v another_o wall_n far_o northwards_o where_o agricola_n former_o have_v place_v his_o garrison_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o 699._o inscription_n there_o take_v up_o so_o that_o lollius_n vrbicus_n drive_v the_o britain_n 100_o mile_n northward_o for_o so_o much_o be_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o wall_n of_o hadrian_n and_o antoninus_n for_o all_o this_o the_o britain_n brake_n out_o again_o with_o so_o much_o violence_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o aurel._n m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n his_o reign_n that_o calphurnius_fw-la agricola_n be_v send_v against_o they_o and_o from_o that_o time_n we_o read_v of_o no_o disturbance_n here_o till_o the_o time_n of_o commodus_n when_o commodo_fw-la vlpius_n marcellus_n be_v roman_n lieutenant_n this_o be_v the_o true_a state_n of_o britain_n at_o that_o time_n what_o place_n be_v here_o leave_v for_o such_o a_o king_n over_o britain_n as_o lucius_n be_v represent_v he_o must_v either_o be_v over_o the_o britain_n beyond_o the_o wall_n which_o overthrow_v one_o main_a part_n of_o the_o tradition_n as_o to_o his_o settle_v the_o church_n here_o after_o his_o conversion_n or_o he_o must_v be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o revolt_a britain_n who_o be_v repress_v by_o calphurnius_fw-la agricola_n or_o he_o must_v be_v a_o subordinate_a king_n to_o the_o roman_n such_o as_o cogidunus_n and_o prasutagus_n have_v be_v but_o then_o how_o come_v he_o to_o command_v all_o britain_n to_o have_v several_a king_n under_o he_o to_o change_v the_o affair_n of_o religion_n as_o he_o think_v fit_a be_v these_o privilege_n ever_o allow_v to_o such_o titulary_a prince_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o the_o roman_n do_v often_o suffer_v king_n to_o govern_v province_n under_o they_o but_o than_o they_o be_v province_n whole_o subdue_v and_o compass_v about_o with_o the_o roman_a force_n on_o all_o side_n but_o no_o instance_n can_v be_v give_v where_o they_o suffer_v a_o hereditary_a king_n of_o the_o same_o country_n to_o enjoy_v full_a power_n over_o his_o subject_n while_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v in_o arm_n against_o they_o and_o ready_a to_o break_v out_o into_o a_o war_n wherein_o the_o roman_n be_v in_o continual_a fear_n that_o the_o native_n within_o the_o province_n shall_v join_v with_o those_o without_o for_o their_o destruction_n for_o they_o in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o to_o trust_v such_o a_o king_n as_o lucius_n with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n be_v to_o suppose_v they_o to_o have_v utter_o lose_v those_o art_n whereby_o they_o attain_v so_o vast_a a_o empire_n the_o case_n of_o antiochus_n in_o asia_n herod_n and_o his_o child_n in_o judaea_n dejotarus_n in_o galatia_n ariobarzanes_n in_o cappadocia_n and_o of_o many_o other_o that_o may_v be_v name_v will_v not_o at_o all_o make_v it_o probable_a where_o the_o circumstance_n be_v so_o different_a and_o especial_o in_o such_o a_o island_n as_o britain_n be_v then_o account_v be_v encompass_v with_o a_o sea_n which_o the_o roman_n think_v dreadful_a and_o almost_o unpassable_a ed._n semota_fw-la &_o vasto_fw-la disjuncta_fw-la britannia_fw-la ponto_n cinctáque_fw-la inaccessis_fw-la horrida_fw-la littoribus_fw-la whither_o supply_n can_v not_o come_v without_o difficulty_n and_o where_o the_o inhabitant_n despise_v death_n and_o danger_n as_o they_o find_v by_o so_o tedious_a a_o war_n which_o be_v keep_v up_o so_o long_o here_o and_o after_o all_o they_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v out_o their_o enemy_n by_o wall_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n in_o several_a place_n so_o that_o the_o roman_n never_o have_v the_o whole_a island_n in_o subjection_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o improbable_a that_o they_o shall_v trust_v the_o power_n over_o it_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o native_a of_o the_o same_o country_n which_o consideration_n make_v i_o very_o hard_a to_o believe_v the_o monkish_a tradition_n concern_v king_n lucius_n but_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o
seem_v to_o court_v the_o people_n favour_n by_o plead_v for_o popular_a election_n at_o this_o day_n from_o the_o precedent_n of_o former_a time_n but_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v the_o people_n then_o have_v a_o far_a right_n of_o exception_n against_o the_o person_n choose_v but_o therein_o they_o be_v consider_v as_o witness_n and_o not_o as_o judge_n if_o their_o exception_n be_v just_a and_o well_o prove_v the_o bishop_n as_o judge_n be_v to_o proceed_v canonical_o against_o they_o and_o then_o they_o go_v to_o a_o new_a nomination_n but_o still_o the_o judgement_n rest_v in_o the_o provincial_a synod_n so_o in_o the_o 16_o canon_n in_o the_o council_n of_o antioch_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o although_o all_o the_o people_n choose_v one_o actual_o a_o bishop_n yet_o if_o he_o take_v possession_n of_o his_o see_v without_o a_o perfect_a provincial_a synod_n the_o metropolitan_a be_v present_a he_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v out_o this_o canon_n do_v more_o full_o explain_v the_o four_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a for_o here_o the_o case_n be_v put_v of_o the_o people_n choice_n which_o be_v there_o only_o imply_v and_o here_o it_o be_v put_v concern_v one_o actual_o a_o bishop_n and_o so_o need_v no_o new_a consecration_n but_o be_v out_o of_o employment_n in_o his_o own_o see_v by_o some_o extraordinary_a accident_n be_v choose_v into_o another_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n now_o if_o the_o people_n have_v there_o the_o power_n of_o election_n what_o hinder_v this_o bishop_n from_o be_v full_o possess_v of_o his_o bishopric_n and_o yet_o this_o canon_n determine_v that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v out_o if_o he_o do_v not_o come_v in_o by_o the_o full_a consent_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a and_o a_o provincial_a synod_n and_o to_o show_v the_o force_n of_o this_o canon_n by_o virtue_n of_o it_o bassianus_z be_v reject_v from_o be_v bishop_n of_o ephesus_n by_o the_o general_a 11._o council_n of_o chalcedon_n where_o 630_o bishop_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v present_a the_o case_n be_v this_o bassianus_z be_v consecrate_v bishop_n of_o euaza_n by_o memnon_n bishop_n of_o ephesus_n but_o it_o be_v against_o his_o will_n and_o he_o never_o go_v thither_o basilius_n who_o succeed_v memnon_n send_v another_o bishop_n to_o that_o city_n in_o a_o provincial_a synod_n but_o leave_v bassianus_n the_o dignity_n of_o a_o bishop_n basilius_n be_v dead_a bassianus_z be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n of_o ephesus_n and_o enthronize_v by_o olympius_n without_o a_o provincial_a synod_n but_o after_o four_o year_n stephanus_n be_v put_v in_o his_o room_n because_o he_o come_v not_o in_o canonical_o the_o case_n be_v hear_v at_o large_a by_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n and_o this_o canon_n of_o antioch_n be_v allege_v against_o he_o and_o so_o he_o be_v throw_v out_o by_o the_o council_n from_o whence_o i_o infer_v 1._o that_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o people_n at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o allow_v but_o the_o main_a force_n of_o election_n lay_v in_o the_o provincial_a synod_n and_o so_o maximus_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n julianus_n coensis_fw-la diogenes_n cyzicensis_fw-la declare_v that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n to_o appoint_v a_o new_a bishop_n as_o be_v most_o competent_a judge_n and_o this_o be_v the_o way_n to_o prevent_v disorder_n in_o the_o city_n 2._o that_o the_o bishop_n appoint_v be_v not_o mere_a ordain_v or_o consecrate_v as_o some_o say_v for_o this_o canon_n of_o antioch_n speak_v of_o a_o bishop_n already_o consecrate_v and_o so_o likewise_o the_o 12_o canon_n of_o laodicea_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o same_o case_n be_v suppose_v which_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o canon_n of_o antioch_n and_o if_o he_o be_v unconsecrate_v before_o the_o laodicean_n canon_n refer_v the_o whole_a matter_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v discern_v as_o to_o the_o capacity_n and_o fitness_n of_o the_o person_n to_o the_o provincial_a synod_n and_o if_o the_o follow_a canon_n 13._o be_v understand_v of_o bishop_n the_o consequence_n will_v be_v that_o the_o people_n will_v be_v whole_o exclude_v from_o their_o election_n till_o it_o can_v be_v make_v appear_v that_o at_o that_o time_n the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n be_v shut_v out_o and_o the_o election_n restrain_v to_o the_o common_a council_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o example_n bring_v for_o popular_a election_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o instance_n of_o alexandria_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o athanasius_n where_o the_o whole_a multitude_n be_v mention_v and_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o afterward_o the_o plebis_fw-la vulgÃque_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o st._n jerom_n the_o vota_fw-la civium_fw-la in_o leo_fw-la be_v as_o much_o speak_v of_o as_o the_o honoratorum_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n any_o of_o the_o people_n may_v be_v exclude_v the_o rest_n may_v or_o at_o least_o it_o show_v that_o the_o people_n have_v no_o inherent_a and_o unalterable_a right_n without_o which_o all_o other_o pretence_n signify_v nothing_o where_o law_n and_o custom_n have_v determine_v the_o contrary_n and_o that_o the_o custom_n even_o then_o differ_v appear_v from_o st._n jerom_n ad_fw-la rusticum_n where_o he_o mention_n either_o the_o people_n or_o the_o bishop_n choose_v 2._o another_o canon_n be_v about_o the_o frequency_n of_o provincial_a synod_n for_o in_o the_o five_o canon_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o person_n excommunicate_v by_o one_o bishop_n shall_v be_v receive_v into_o communion_n by_o another_o according_a to_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n but_o then_o no_o provision_n be_v make_v for_o the_o case_n of_o appeal_n if_o any_o person_n complain_v that_o he_o be_v unjust_o excommunicate_v which_o it_o be_v natural_a for_o man_n to_o do_v for_o this_o purpose_n the_o nicene_n council_n decree_n that_o provincial_a synod_n be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n in_o lent_n and_o autumn_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o many_o other_o 20._o canon_n and_o at_o these_o all_o such_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v and_o person_n excommunicate_v be_v to_o be_v hold_v so_o by_o all_o unless_o the_o provincial_a synod_n repeal_v the_o sentence_n and_o although_o the_o case_n of_o bishop_n be_v not_o here_o mention_v yet_o the_o african_a father_n with_o great_a reason_n say_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v since_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v hear_v within_o the_o province_n and_o no_o jurisdiction_n be_v mention_v by_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a beyond_o that_o of_o a_o metropolitan_a those_o only_o except_v who_o right_n be_v secure_v according_a to_o the_o prescription_n then_o in_o use_n in_o the_o follow_a canon_n for_o if_o any_o other_o superior_a authority_n have_v then_o be_v know_v that_o be_v the_o proper_a place_n to_o have_v insert_v it_o where_o the_o right_a of_o appeal_n be_v determine_v that_o be_v the_o most_o plausible_a pretence_n for_o remove_v cause_n to_o a_o superior_a court_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o nicene_n father_n shall_v have_v stop_v at_o provincial_a synod_n if_o they_o have_v know_v or_o believe_v that_o christ_n have_v appoint_v a_o vicar_n upon_o earth_n who_o be_v to_o be_v supreme_a judge_n in_o all_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n for_o it_o will_v have_v be_v as_o absurd_a as_o if_o our_o judge_n shall_v declare_v that_o all_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o country_n court_v when_o they_o know_v there_o be_v superior_a court_n of_o judicature_n appoint_v in_o westminster-hall_n it_o have_v be_v think_v a_o matter_n of_o some_o difficulty_n to_o state_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o right_n of_o a_o patriarch_n and_o a_o metropolitan_a but_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n chief_o wherein_o the_o distinction_n lie_v viz._n a_o great_a extent_n of_o jurisdiction_n found_v on_o the_o consecration_n of_o metropolitan_a bishop_n in_o several_a province_n and_o a_o power_n of_o receive_v appeal_n or_o judicium_fw-la in_o majoribus_fw-la causis_fw-la even_o after_o provincial_a synod_n have_v determine_v they_o and_o since_o in_o matter_n of_o appeal_n there_o must_v be_v a_o stop_n somewhere_o the_o only_a question_n before_o we_o be_v where_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a fix_v it_o i_o say_v in_o a_o provincial_a synod_n by_o this_o canon_n for_o i_o be_o certain_a it_o take_v notice_n here_o of_o no_o ecclesiastical_a judicatory_a beyond_o this_o in_o matter_n of_o faith_n or_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n by_o the_o summons_n of_o a_o emperor_n or_o a_o general_a concurrence_n of_o christian_a prince_n a_o general_a council_n be_v the_o high_a court_n but_o in_o the_o stand_n and_o ordinary_a method_n of_o proceed_v where_o there_o have_v be_v no._n ancient_a privilege_n to_o the_o contrary_a of_o which_o the_o follow_a canon_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v a_o provincial_a synod_n be_v the_o last_o court_n of_o appeal_n according_a to_o the_o
suppress_v they_o and_o the_o latter_a send_v lupicinus_n his_o general_n who_o arrive_v at_o london_n about_o the_o time_n the_o council_n of_o ariminum_n be_v dissolve_v and_o therefore_o in_o a_o time_n of_o such_o confusion_n in_o the_o british_a province_n it_o be_v not_o strange_a that_o these_o church_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o so_o plentiful_a a_o condition_n as_o those_o which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o trade_n and_o government_n and_o 3._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n observe_v that_o the_o provincial_a bishop_n live_v in_o a_o much_o mean_a condition_n than_o those_o of_o the_o great_a city_n especial_o of_o rome_n and_o although_o a_o heathen_a he_o very_o much_o commend_v they_o for_o their_o temperance_n humility_n and_o modesty_n but_o arianism_n be_v not_o the_o only_a heresy_n the_o british_a church_n be_v charge_v with_o for_o 5._o gildas_n from_o hence_o make_v every_o follow_a heresy_n to_o find_v a_o passage_n hither_o among_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v pelagianism_n and_o 10._o bede_n do_v insinuate_v that_o pelagius_n be_v a_o britain_n and_o spread_v his_o doctrine_n far_o and_o near_o do_v corrupt_v these_o church_n with_o it_o which_o some_o 27._o late_a writer_n have_v take_v up_o have_v affirm_v that_o both_o pelagius_n and_o coelestius_n after_o their_o repulse_v at_o rome_n come_v over_o into_o britain_n and_o disperse_v their_o doctrine_n here_o pelagio_n leland_n sad_o lament_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o god_n that_o have_v no_o soon_o recover_v itself_o from_o arianism_n but_o a_o new_a heresy_n spring_v up_o to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o infect_v the_o mind_n of_o christian_n but_o as_o egypt_n bring_v forth_o the_o author_n of_o the_o former_a heresy_n so_o do_v britain_n the_o author_n of_o this_o which_o take_v his_o name_n from_o hence_o and_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v morgan_n in_o british_a which_o by_o his_o conversation_n at_o rome_n he_o turn_v into_o pelagius_n and_o paulin._n st._n augustine_n say_v he_o be_v common_o call_v pelagius_n brito_n to_o distinguish_v he_o as_o he_o suppose_v from_o another_o pelagius_n of_o tarentum_n leland_n observe_v that_o some_o make_v he_o a_o britain_n as_o be_v bear_v in_o that_o bretagn_n which_o be_v call_v aremorica_n on_o the_o continent_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o it_o have_v then_o lose_v its_o name_n of_o aremorica_n the_o first_o time_n we_o find_v the_o name_n of_o britannia_n give_v to_o that_o country_n be_v in_o the_o 461._o subscription_n of_o mansuetus_n to_o the_o council_n of_o tours_n where_o he_o be_v name_v episcopus_fw-la britannorum_fw-la after_o which_o time_n it_o be_v frequent_o call_v britannia_n cismarina_fw-la minor_n celtica_n etc._n etc._n 1012._o dempster_n not_o a_o jesuit_n but_o a_o lawyer_n take_v it_o very_o ill_a of_o browerus_n the_o jesuit_n that_o he_o make_v pelagius_n a_o scot_n but_o not_o as_o dempster_n understand_v he_o for_o 69._o he_o explain_v himself_o that_o he_o mean_v one_o that_o come_v out_o of_o ireland_n and_o therefore_o be_v scoticae_fw-la originis_fw-la for_o which_o he_o quote_v saint_n jerome_n but_o archbishop_n 209._o usher_n have_v observe_v that_o he_o speak_v there_o not_o of_o pelagius_n but_o of_o coelestius_n who_o he_o make_v the_o cerberus_n to_o the_o pluto_n according_a to_o his_o usual_a way_n of_o complement_a his_o adversary_n but_o both_o he_o think_v come_v out_o of_o the_o british_a island_n the_o late_a 5._o publisher_n of_o marius_n mercator_n endeavour_n to_o show_v that_o our_o learned_a primate_n be_v herein_o mistake_v and_o that_o saint_n jerome_n do_v not_o speak_v of_o coelestius_n but_o of_o pelagius_n himself_o and_o that_o by_o pluto_n he_o mean_v ruffinus_n dead_a in_o sicily_n three_o year_n before_o st._n jerome_n be_v write_v these_o word_n but_o notwithstanding_o he_o do_v still_o bark_n through_o pelagius_n his_o mouth_n who_o he_o compare_v to_o a_o great_a scotch_a mastiff_n from_o which_o country_n he_o be_v derive_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o britain_n if_o these_o word_n relate_v only_o to_o ruffinus_n and_o pelagius_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o st._n i_o will_v have_v it_o believe_v that_o pelagius_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n that_o which_o make_v it_o most_o probable_a that_o he_o mean_v they_o be_v that_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o praefat._n commentary_n on_o ezekiel_n he_o mention_n the_o death_n of_o ruffinus_n and_o then_o say_v he_o hope_v now_o he_o shall_v be_v quiet_a to_o go_v on_o with_o his_o commentary_n on_o the_o scripture_n but_o not_o long_o after_o he_o complain_v that_o there_o be_v other_o which_o in_o his_o room_n open_v their_o mouth_n against_o he_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o commentary_n on_o jeremiah_n which_o he_o undertake_v after_o he_o have_v finish_v those_o on_o ezekiel_n he_o mention_n one_o who_o carp_v at_o his_o commentary_n on_o the_o ephesian_n and_o call_v grunnius_n i._n e._n ruffinus_n his_o forerunner_n and_o say_v he_o be_v scotorum_fw-la pultibus_fw-la praegravatus_fw-la make_v fat_a with_o scotch_a flummery_n all_o this_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o pelagius_n who_o 27._o grosius_n describe_v as_o a_o very_a corpulent_a man_n but_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n which_o make_v the_o former_a opinion_n not_o improbable_a which_o be_v that_o st._n jerome_n himself_o take_v so_o much_o notice_n that_o pelagius_n at_o that_o time_n write_v little_a or_o nothing_o about_o these_o matter_n but_o coelestius_n be_v the_o man_n who_o appear_v especial_o in_o the_o two_o main_a point_n about_o original_a sin_n and_o the_o possibility_n of_o perfection_n 2._o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o ctesiphon_n he_o say_v that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o sect_n still_o hold_v his_o peace_n and_o his_o disciple_n write_v for_o he_o magistrorum_fw-la silentia_fw-la profert_fw-la rabbis_n discipulorum_fw-la methinks_v rabbi_n agree_v well_o enough_o with_o cerberus_n and_o here_o it_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o disciple_n coelestius_n and_o not_o of_o pelagius_n which_o expression_n answer_v very_o well_o to_o the_o other_o mutus_fw-la magister_fw-la latrat_fw-la per_fw-la albinum_n canem_fw-la and_o he_o speak_v as_o if_o he_o design_v to_o draw_v he_o from_o his_o closeness_n and_o retirement_n which_o do_v far_o better_o agree_v to_o the_o mute_a person_n than_o to_o the_o bark_a cerberus_n there_o be_v then_o no_o improbability_n that_o coelestius_n and_o pelagius_n may_v be_v both_o mean_v but_o if_o any_o other_o country_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o challenge_v coelestius_n to_o themselves_o i_o think_v they_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o put_v in_o their_o claim_n notwithstanding_o these_o expression_n but_o it_o be_v very_o unworthy_a in_o the_o same_o 134._o author_n to_o prove_v pelagius_n to_o have_v be_v a_o irish_a scot_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o charge_v his_o vice_n on_o the_o british_a nation_n he_o can_v deny_v that_o pelagius_n have_v a_o great_a natural_a sharpness_n of_o wit_n since_o st._n augustine_n and_o his_o other_o adversary_n allow_v it_o but_o than_o he_o say_v it_o be_v fierce_a and_o contentious_a after_o the_o fashion_n of_o his_o country_n and_o which_o he_o can_v not_o shake_v off_o by_o his_o long_a conversation_n at_o rome_n he_o grant_v that_o his_o exhortation_n to_o piety_n be_v vehement_a and_o earnest_a but_o write_v in_o a_o uncouth_a and_o imperious_a style_n more_o gentis_fw-la according_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o his_o nation_n but_o why_o must_v the_o british_a nation_n be_v reproach_v for_o the_o particular_a fault_n of_o pelagius_n it_o be_v a_o very_a ill_a way_n of_o confute_v pelagius_n to_o attribute_v man_n vice_n and_o virtue_n to_o their_o country_n and_o be_v contrary_a both_o to_o the_o discretion_n of_o a_o philosopher_n and_o to_o the_o grace_n of_o a_o christian_a pelagius_n may_v have_v have_v the_o same_o temper_n if_o he_o have_v be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o have_v be_v bear_v in_o a_o neighbour_n country_n and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o his_o way_n of_o writing_n do_v affect_v the_o british_a church_n where_o the_o christian_n may_v be_v very_o wise_a and_o humble_a notwithstanding_o this_o severe_a and_o unjust_a character_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n which_o as_o all_o national_a reproach_n be_v not_o so_o great_a a_o reproach_n to_o any_o as_o to_o he_o that_o give_v it_o but_o the_o great_a adversary_n to_o pelagius_n do_v not_o give_v he_o so_o ill_a a_o character_n saint_n 106._o augustine_n say_v he_o have_v the_o esteem_n of_o a_o very_a pious_a man_n and_o of_o be_v a_o christian_a of_o no_o mean_a rank_n be_v this_o pro_fw-la more_fw-it gentis_fw-la too_o and_o of_o his_o learning_n and_o eloquence_n st._n augustine_n give_v sufficient_a testimony_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o juliana_n the_o mother_n of_o demetrias_n to_o who_o pelagius_n write_v a_o epistle_n high_o magnify_v for_o the_o wit_n and_o elegance_n of_o it_o but_o garnerius_n will_v not_o allow_v that_o pelagius_n be_v able_a to_o write_v it_o
the_o foreign_a province_n and_o the_o emperor_n court_n where_o ever_o it_o be_v so_o that_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o question_v london_n be_v the_o chief_a metropolis_n among_o the_o roman_n the_o argument_n from_o york_n be_v a_o colony_n signify_v nothing_o after_o antoninus_n give_v the_o jus_fw-la civitatis_fw-la to_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o london_n be_v a_o colony_n before_o york_n as_o i_o may_v show_v elsewhere_o and_o of_o a_o high_a nature_n when_o it_o be_v call_v 27.8.28.3_o augusta_n which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v then_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o britain_n that_o name_n be_v give_v to_o no_o other_o city_n in_o britain_n beside_o and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o learned_a 5._o marc._n velserus_n that_o those_o city_n which_o have_v the_o title_n of_o augusta_n confer_v upon_o they_o be_v the_o capita_n gentium_fw-la the_o chief_a metropoles_fw-la of_o the_o province_n and_o since_o by_o the_o general_a rule_n of_o the_o church_n the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n do_v follow_v the_o civil_a there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o question_n but_o if_o fastidius_n be_v then_o bishop_n of_o london_n he_o be_v the_o chief_a metropolitan_a over_o the_o church_n of_o britain_n but_o whether_o fastidius_n be_v metropolitan_a or_o only_o a_o british_a bishop_n his_o doctrine_n be_v of_o late_o charge_v to_o be_v inclinable_a to_o pelagianism_n for_o holstenius_fw-la find_v in_o ancient_a ms._n the_o book_n fastidius_n write_v de_n vita_fw-la christiana_n with_o his_o name_n to_o it_o and_o so_o publish_v it_o but_o it_o be_v not_o direct_v ad_fw-la fatalem_fw-la but_o to_o a_o certain_a widow_n in_o this_o book_n a_o late_a 19_o augustinian_n have_v discover_v as_o he_o think_v some_o tincture_n of_o pelagianism_n but_o to_o any_o candid_a reader_n his_o exception_n will_v appear_v very_o frivolous_a and_o there_o be_v so_o much_o of_o true_a primitive_a christianity_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o it_o as_o make_v good_a the_o character_n which_o gennadius_n and_o trithemius_n give_v of_o he_o out_o of_o which_o book_n and_o no_o great_a one_o bale_n have_v make_v four_o one_o de_fw-fr vita_fw-la christiana_n a_o second_o de_fw-fr doctrina_fw-la spiritûs_fw-la a_o three_o de_fw-fr viduitate_fw-la servanda_fw-la a_o four_o admonitiones_fw-la piae_fw-la pit_n keep_v the_o same_o number_n but_o lest_o he_o shall_v seem_v to_o take_v all_o out_o of_o bale_n he_o alter_v the_o title_n of_o one_o of_o they_o and_o because_o gennadius_n say_v his_o doctrine_n be_v deo_fw-la digna_fw-la therefore_o pit_n very_o artificial_o make_v the_o title_n of_o his_o second_o book_n to_o be_v de_fw-fr doctrina_fw-la deo_fw-la digna_fw-la vel_fw-la spirituali_fw-la boston_n of_o bury_n make_v he_o the_o author_n of_o two_o book_n by_o mistake_v gennadius_n but_o as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v find_v there_o be_v but_o one_o exstant_fw-la 530._o dempster_n have_v find_v fastidius_n to_o have_v be_v bear_v upon_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o western_a part_n of_o scotland_n and_o he_o make_v he_o author_n of_o a_o five_o book_n call_v chronicon_fw-la scotorum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o strain_n beyond_o pit_n he_o positive_o affirm_v that_o he_o live_v an._n dom._n 440._o trithemius_n say_v about_o an._n dom._n 420._o as_o to_o faustus_n his_o case_n be_v much_o hard_a that_o he_o be_v original_o a_o britain_n i_o find_v not_o deny_v by_o any_o for_o although_o 561._o facundus_n call_v he_o a_o gaul_n yet_o that_o be_v because_o of_o his_o be_v a_o bishop_n so_o long_o there_o as_o sirmondus_n observe_v he_o be_v ortu_fw-la britannus_n habitaculo_fw-la regiensis_fw-la as_o 35._o alcimus_n avitus_n say_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o gundobadus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o burgundian_n to_o who_o he_o say_v faustus_n be_v know_v in_o his_o 435._o epistle_n to_o ruricius_n faustus_n speak_v of_o his_o live_n in_o a_o state_n of_o banishment_n and_o the_o comfort_n he_o find_v in_o it_o this_o our_o learned_a 439._o primate_n understand_v of_o his_o live_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n but_o 16._o hen._n de_fw-fr noris_n of_o a_o banishment_n by_o euaricus_fw-la a_o arian_n king_n then_o in_o gaul_n which_o he_o suppose_v he_o undergo_v for_o write_v against_o the_o arian_n if_o he_o have_v produce_v any_o testimony_n of_o such_o banishment_n there_o may_v have_v be_v reason_n to_o have_v understand_v his_o expression_n so_o but_o since_o there_o be_v none_o and_o his_o word_n be_v general_a as_o to_o his_o country_n i_o see_v no_o cause_n to_o take_v they_o in_o any_o other_o sense_n for_o man_n do_v not_o use_v to_o call_v that_o their_o country_n where_o they_o live_v as_o stranger_n and_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o kindness_n of_o ruricius_n so_o to_o he_o that_o he_o do_v patriam_fw-la in_o peregrinatione_fw-la facere_fw-la which_o can_v well_o bear_v any_o other_o sense_n than_o that_o he_o make_v up_o the_o want_n of_o his_o own_o country_n to_o he_o 562._o sirmondus_n grant_v he_o be_v a_o britain_n but_o he_o add_v he_o be_v one_o of_o those_o britain_n who_o dwell_v upon_o the_o loir_n i._n e._n in_o the_o part_n of_o aremorica_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o faustus_n there_o be_v great_a number_n of_o britain_n there_o for_o 45._o jornandes_n say_v that_o riothamus_n their_o king_n or_o general_n go_v with_o 12000_o britain_n against_o euricus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o visigoth_n which_o riothamus_n 9_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n write_v to_o and_o mention_n the_o britain_n with_o he_o but_o it_o may_v be_v just_o a_o question_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o colony_n of_o britain_n on_o the_o continent_n before_o faustus_n his_o birth_n for_o faustus_n be_v make_v abbot_n of_o lerin_n before_o the_o saxon_n come_v first_o into_o britain_n for_o he_o be_v abbat_n when_o st._n caprasius_n die_v as_o the_o author_n of_o his_o life_n affirm_v which_o be_v about_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 430._o but_o their_o come_n be_v not_o till_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 449._o and_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o make_v out_o any_o settlement_n of_o the_o britain_n on_o the_o loir_fw-fr before_o it_o be_v then_o most_o probable_a that_o faustus_n go_v at_o first_o out_o of_o britain_n into_o gaul_n where_o he_o attain_v to_o a_o wonderful_a reputation_n both_o for_o piety_n and_o learning_n he_o be_v worship_v as_o a_o saint_n say_v 297._o noris_n in_o the_o church_n of_o riez_n and_o his_o name_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o calendar_n of_o the_o gallican_n church_n molanus_n be_v the_o first_o who_o dare_v adventure_v to_o strike_v out_o his_o name_n baronius_n follow_v he_o but_o upon_o admonition_n restore_v it_o as_o jan._n bollandus_n observe_v who_o likewise_o take_v notice_n that_o he_o be_v call_v a_o saint_n by_o cl._n robertus_fw-la by_o ferrarius_fw-la and_o by_o pet._n galesinius_fw-la in_o his_o martyrology_n who_o add_v that_o his_o book_n be_v pious_o and_o learned_o write_v and_o that_o miracle_n be_v say_v to_o be_v wrought_v by_o he_o it_o be_v certain_a he_o be_v a_o person_n in_o mighty_a esteem_n in_o his_o own_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o passage_n of_o euchar._n sidonius_n apollinaris_n of_o 2._o ruricius_n and_o other_o concern_v both_o his_o eloquence_n learning_n and_o piety_n of_o who_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n give_v that_o excellent_a character_n that_o he_o have_v learn_v to_o speak_v better_a than_o he_o be_v teach_v and_o to_o live_v better_a than_o he_o speak_v he_o be_v bishop_n of_o riez_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 462._o for_o at_o that_o time_n he_o be_v join_v with_o auxanius_fw-la in_o determine_v the_o controversy_n between_o leontius_n of_o arles_n and_o mamertus_n of_o vienna_n but_o nothing_o can_v more_o manifest_v the_o esteem_n he_o be_v then_o in_o among_o the_o gallican_n bishop_n than_o that_o in_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n he_o be_v pitch_v upon_o as_o the_o fit_a person_n to_o draw_v up_o their_o sense_n in_o the_o great_a point_n then_o so_o much_o agitate_a about_o predestination_n and_o grace_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o preface_n to_o leontius_n at_o this_o council_n thirty_o bishop_n be_v present_a and_o there_o lucidus_fw-la present_v his_o recantation_n of_o the_o error_n he_o hold_v about_o predestination_n and_o after_o this_o faustus_n write_v his_o book_n of_o grace_n and_o freewill_n to_o which_o he_o say_v another_o council_n at_o lion_n cause_v some_o thing_n to_o be_v add_v in_o these_o book_n it_o be_v think_v that_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o confute_v those_o error_n he_o set_v himself_o against_o st._n augustine_n doctrine_n as_o seem_v clear_a by_o one_o expression_n in_o his_o first_o book_n that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o some_o be_v predestinate_v to_o life_n and_o other_o to_o destruction_n ut_fw-la quidam_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la dixit_fw-la non_fw-la judicandi_fw-la nascimur_fw-la sed_fw-la judicati_fw-la but_o these_o word_n may_v refer_v to_o what_o follow_v as_o well_o as_o to_o what_o go_v before_o as_o a_o certain_a holy_a man_n
afterward_o pure_a and_o free_a from_o this_o heresy_n which_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o seasonable_a institution_n and_o hereby_o we_o see_v the_o british_a church_n be_v not_o defective_a in_o learning_n in_o their_o low_a condition_n when_o the_o britain_n be_v force_v to_o leave_v their_o habitation_n and_o to_o fly_v into_o corner_n of_o which_o beside_o these_o nursery_n of_o dubricius_n and_o iltutus_n we_o have_v a_o famous_a instance_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o banchor_n which_o even_o 2._o bede_n say_v be_v furnish_v with_o learned_a man_n at_o the_o come_n of_o augustine_n into_o england_n this_o banchor_n be_v distant_a but_o ten_o or_o twelve_o mile_n from_o chester_n as_o 31._o ranulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la and_o bradshaw_n in_o his_o life_n of_o st._n werburg_n say_v 63._o leland_n in_o his_o itinerary_n describe_v the_o place_n as_o stand_v in_o a_o valley_n 308._o and_o have_v the_o compass_n of_o a_o wall_a town_n and_o two_o gate_n remain_v half_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o each_o other_o 457._o camden_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v the_o bomium_n in_o antoninus_n be_v ten_o mile_n distant_a from_o deva_n i._n e._n chester_n that_o which_o be_v most_o observable_a in_o this_o british_a monastery_n be_v that_o man_n there_o be_v breed_v up_o to_o learning_n and_o devotion_n together_o and_o so_o more_o resemble_v our_o college_n than_o the_o egyptian_a monastery_n where_o man_n be_v bring_v up_o to_o ignorance_n and_o labour_n as_o much_o as_o to_o devotion_n wherein_o the_o benedictines_n follow_v they_o according_a to_o their_o first_o institution_n for_o st._n benedict_n himself_o not_o only_o despise_v learning_n as_o the_o writer_n of_o his_o life_n say_v but_o he_o take_v no_o care_n about_o it_o in_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o order_n and_o when_o 141._o boniface_n give_v a_o account_n to_o zachary_n of_o his_o set_n up_o a_o benedictine_n monastery_n at_o fulda_n he_o set_v the_o monk_n out_o by_o their_o abstinence_n and_o hard_a labour_n with_o their_o own_o hand_n without_o servant_n it_o be_v true_a that_o 890._o trithemius_n speak_v much_o of_o the_o school_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o benedictine_n monastery_n but_o not_o before_o anno_fw-la dom._n 890._o which_o be_v after_o the_o 95._o constitution_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a who_o appoint_v school_n for_o instruct_v youth_n both_o in_o monastery_n and_o cathedral_n which_o give_v the_o first_o countenance_n and_o encouragement_n to_o learning_n at_o that_o time_n and_o 1._o lupus_n ferrariensis_n say_v that_o the_o revive_n of_o learning_n be_v then_o owe_v to_o he_o but_o although_o these_o constitution_n extend_v no_o far_a than_o to_o grammar_n school_n yet_o from_o hence_o those_o who_o be_v incline_v to_o learning_n in_o the_o monastery_n apply_v themselves_o more_o to_o it_o and_o by_o degree_n gain_v a_o great_a reputation_n by_o it_o as_o rabanus_n maurus_n at_o fulda_n who_o esteem_n draw_v lupus_n thither_o and_o many_o other_o which_o example_n prevail_v and_o the_o monk_n find_v such_o resort_n to_o increase_v their_o wealth_n as_o well_o as_o reputation_n as_o 1._o aub._n miraeus_n observe_v from_o that_o time_n the_o monastery_n be_v desirous_a to_o have_v some_o of_o their_o number_n to_o be_v eminent_a for_o learning_n which_o have_v be_v before_o so_o much_o neglect_v by_o they_o as_o whole_o beside_o the_o rule_n of_o their_o order_n but_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o western_a church_n before_o st._n benedict_n time_n such_o as_o that_o of_o st._n ambrose_n st._n eusebius_n of_o vercelles_n st._n augustine_n in_o africa_n st._n martin_n in_o gaul_n be_v chief_o intend_v as_o nursery_n to_o the_o church_n and_o the_o person_n educate_v therein_o be_v bring_v up_o with_o a_o design_n to_o do_v the_o church_n service_n afterward_o this_o method_n of_o education_n take_v so_o much_o in_o other_o church_n as_o in_o gaul_n where_o so_o many_o eminent_a bishop_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o monastery_n of_o lerin_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o caprasius_n st._n german_n who_o be_v so_o well_o acquaint_v with_o st._n honoratus_n st._n hilary_n of_o arles_n and_o other_o of_o that_o education_n may_v probable_o be_v the_o first_o instrument_n of_o set_v up_o this_o way_n in_o the_o british_a church_n and_o to_o confirm_v this_o st._n patrick_n who_o carry_v over_o this_o monastic_a education_n into_o ireland_n spend_v many_o year_n under_o the_o discipline_n of_o st._n german_n as_o 3._o probus_n and_o 22._o jocelin_n the_o writer_n of_o his_o life_n do_v agree_v and_o those_o who_o have_v write_v of_o st._n german_n have_v mention_v he_o as_o one_o of_o his_o disciple_n as_o 537._o erricus_n of_o auxerre_n and_o 145._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v he_o be_v not_o only_o a_o disciple_n of_o saint_n german_n but_o be_v make_v bishop_n by_o celestine_n he_o be_v send_v by_o st._n german_n into_o ireland_n and_o in_o the_o irish_a monastery_n there_o be_v school_n like_o those_o of_o dubricius_n and_o iltutus_n for_o the_o breed_n of_o youth_n in_o learning_n for_o therein_o as_o rouse_v a_o antiquary_n in_o edward_n iv_o time_n say_v the_o master_n do_v teach_v secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la studiorum_fw-la antiquorum_fw-la according_a to_o the_o ancient_a method_n of_o learning_n which_o our_o learned_a 910._o primate_n understand_v of_o join_v the_o study_n of_o humane_a learning_n with_o divine_a of_o which_o he_o produce_v a_o instance_n in_o a_o ms._n of_o the_o library_n of_o worcester_n be_v a_o commentary_n of_o a_o irish_a bishop_n upon_o martianus_n capella_n astrology_n which_o he_o read_v to_o his_o disciple_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n remigius_n in_o down_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o opus_fw-la tripartitum_fw-la of_o the_o life_n of_o st._n patrick_n say_v that_o he_o set_v up_o at_o armagh_n summum_fw-la studium_fw-la literale_fw-mi which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o that_o time_n be_v the_o same_o with_o a_o university_n only_o this_o be_v a_o law-term_n and_o imply_v a_o legal_a society_n incorporate_v for_o the_o profession_n of_o learning_n which_o the_o 8._o civilian_n tell_v we_o none_o but_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o a_o nation_n can_v do_v in_o this_o school_n at_o armagh_n caradoc_n of_o lancarvan_n in_o his_o life_n of_o gildas_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o professor_n studium_fw-la regens_fw-la &_o praedicans_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la ardmaca_fw-la but_o the_o anonymous_n author_n of_o his_o life_n publish_v out_o of_o a_o ancient_a ms._n by_o joh._n à _fw-la bosco_n 10._o say_v that_o gildas_n go_v over_o into_o ireland_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ammeric_n i._n e._n about_o anno_fw-la dom._n 566._o find_v both_o religion_n and_o learning_n much_o decay_v there_o and_o that_o he_o build_v many_o church_n and_o monastery_n and_o bring_v up_o many_o noble_a man_n son_n therein_o in_o his_o young_a day_n he_o say_v 6._o gildas_n go_v to_o iren_n and_o visit_v the_o school_n of_o many_o learned_a man_n and_o inquire_v their_o opinion_n in_o philosophical_a and_o divine_a matter_n some_o question_n have_v be_v make_v by_o learned_a man_n what_o this_o author_n mean_v by_o iren_n the_o most_o easy_a and_o obvious_a sense_n be_v to_o take_v it_o for_o ireland_n where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o school_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n patrick_n foundation_n and_o iris_n be_v use_v by_o 5._o diodorus_n siculus_n for_o ireland_n and_o vulcanil_n jerne_n in_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la and_o apuleius_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v call_v irense_n by_o 109â—_n ordericus_n vitalis_n and_o the_o country_n be_v call_v erin_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o archbishop_n 9_o usher_n observe_v but_o the_o marginal_a note_n of_o joh._n à _fw-la bosco_n have_v lead_v some_o quite_o out_o of_o their_o way_n in_o seek_v for_o this_o place_n which_o be_v that_o iren_n be_v a_o university_n then_o in_o great_a britain_n and_o from_o hence_o they_o have_v proceed_v to_o prove_v our_o famous_a university_n of_o oxford_n to_o be_v mean_v by_o it_o 11._o first_o iren_n say_v they_o be_v mistake_v for_o icen_n and_o that_o for_o ychen_n and_o ychen_n for_o rydychen_n and_o rydychen_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v the_o same_o with_o vadum_fw-la boum_fw-la and_o that_o be_v the_o same_o with_o oxford_n i_o can_v think_v learned_a man_n write_v these_o thing_n any_o otherwise_o than_o as_o sport_n of_o wit_n which_o be_v intend_v for_o the_o diversion_n and_o not_o for_o the_o conviction_n of_o the_o reader_n as_o likewise_o when_o the_o same_o author_n produce_v out_o of_o constantius_n his_o life_n of_o st._n german_n regionis_fw-la illius_fw-la vniversitas_fw-la to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o their_o university_n but_o that_o passage_n in_o the_o copy_n of_o asserius_fw-la print_v by_o camden_n be_v more_o material_a viz._n that_o st._n german_n stay_v half_a a_o year_n in_o oxford_n and_o approve_v the_o order_n make_v by_o gildas_n melkin_n nennius_n and_o
retire_v thither_o out_o of_o impatience_n of_o the_o roman_a yoke_n who_o by_o degree_n grow_v up_o into_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o people_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v that_o there_o be_v a_o stock_n of_o old_a britain_n in_o those_o northern_a part_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o army_n under_o galgacus_n and_o the_o action_n against_o vrbicus_n agricola_n marcellus_n and_o severus_n but_o their_o continual_a war_n with_o the_o roman_a legion_n who_o be_v place_v about_o the_o wall_n on_o purpose_n to_o take_v all_o advantage_n against_o they_o must_v needs_o exhaust_v they_o by_o degree_n and_o lessen_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o leave_v room_n enough_o for_o new_a recruit_n to_o come_v in_o and_o take_v up_o part_n of_o their_o country_n and_o although_o for_o their_o own_o security_n the_o part_n near_o the_o wall_n may_v be_v well_o supply_v on_o that_o side_n yet_o when_o so_o much_o blood_n retire_v to_o the_o heart_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o support_v life_n a_o great_a deal_n must_v be_v call_v off_o from_o the_o extreme_a part_n for_o a_o fresh_a supply_n of_o it_o and_o those_o part_n must_v needs_o be_v leave_v destitute_a of_o natural_a heat_n and_o strength_n enough_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o for_o during_o the_o war_n which_o continue_v for_o several_a age_n the_o very_a life_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n beyond_o the_o wall_n be_v in_o perpetual_a danger_n and_o not_o only_o the_o duty_n and_o service_n but_o the_o many_o disease_n and_o accident_n of_o war_n can_v not_o in_o so_o long_a a_o tract_n of_o time_n but_o very_o much_o impair_v the_o british_a strength_n and_o leave_v the_o remote_a part_n if_o not_o whole_o void_a of_o inhabitant_n yet_o not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o withstand_v a_o foreign_a invasion_n i_o grant_v that_o tacitus_n dio_n herodian_a vopiscus_n etc._n etc._n take_v no_o notice_n of_o any_o other_o enemy_n the_o roman_n hand_n at_o that_o time_n in_o those_o part_n beside_o the_o britain_n but_o then_o i_o think_v the_o argument_n may_v be_v thus_o turn_v upon_o camden_n what_o make_v the_o latter_a writer_n so_o express_o and_o distinct_o mention_v the_o pict_n if_o they_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o old_a britain_n so_o often_o speak_v of_o by_o roman_a historian_n i_o do_v not_o understand_v why_o their_o continue_v a_o old_a custom_n shall_v now_o give_v they_o a_o new_a name_n the_o britain_n however_o rude_a be_v no_o more_o pict_n then_o than_o they_o be_v at_o caesar_n come_v what_o make_v the_o roman_a writer_n so_o of_o a_o sudden_a alter_v their_o style_n and_o leave_v off_o a_o name_n so_o famous_a among_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o name_n of_o pict_n which_o be_v not_o hear_v of_o before_o the_o first_o mention_n we_o find_v of_o they_o be_v in_o 11._o eumenius_n his_o panegyric_n to_o constantius_n where_o he_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o different_a state_n of_o the_o britain_n when_o caesar_n subdue_v they_o from_o what_o they_o be_v in_o constantius_n his_o time_n then_o say_v he_o they_o be_v a_o rude_a half_o naked_a people_n and_o so_o easy_o vanquish_v but_o now_o the_o britain_n be_v exercise_v by_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o the_o irish._n nothing_o can_v be_v plain_o than_o that_o eumenius_n here_o distinguish_v the_o pict_n from_o the_o britain_n and_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v enemy_n to_o each_o other_o neither_o can_v we_o reasonable_o think_v this_o a_o name_n then_o take_v up_o to_o distinguish_v the_o barbarous_a britain_n from_o the_o provincial_n for_o that_o distinction_n have_v now_o be_v of_o a_o very_o long_o stand_v and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v apply_v to_o that_o purpose_n we_o shall_v have_v meet_v with_o it_o in_o tacitus_n or_o dio_n or_o herodian_a or_o zosimus_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o extra-provincial_a britain_n under_o no_o other_o name_n but_o of_o britain_n sever._n dio_fw-mi be_v so_o exact_a as_o to_o set_v down_o the_o name_n of_o distinction_n then_o use_v for_o those_o britain_n and_o he_o say_v they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o maeatae_n and_o the_o caledonii_n if_o the_o name_n of_o pict_n have_v then_o comprehend_v they_o all_o no_o doubt_n he_o will_v have_v mention_v it_o on_o that_o occasion_n sever._n zonara_n likewise_o call_v they_o all_o then_o by_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n but_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o 7._o panegyrist_n himself_o call_v the_o caledonian_n pict_n who_o be_v certain_o britain_n his_o word_n be_v non_fw-la dico_fw-la caledonum_fw-la aliorúmque_fw-la pictorum_fw-la silvas_n &_o paludes_n where_o h._n valesius_fw-la observe_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v read_v non_fw-la dicaledonum_fw-la aliorúmque_fw-la pictorum_fw-la for_o 8._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n say_v the_o pict_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o dicaledones_n and_o the_o vecturiones_n it_o be_v ingenious_o conjecture_v by_o mr._n camden_n that_o these_o name_n be_v take_v from_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o people_n the_o first_o from_o deheâ—_n and_o caledones_n or_o the_o caledonian_n on_o the_o right-hand_a and_o the_o other_o from_o chwithic_n which_o signify_v the_o lefthand_n in_o the_o british_a language_n but_o archbishop_n 1021._o usher_n observe_v that_o he_o be_v mistake_v in_o suppose_v the_o right-hand_a among_o the_o britain_n to_o be_v the_o west_n and_o the_o lefthand_n the_o east_n for_o he_o plain_o prove_v that_o by_o the_o one_o be_v understand_v the_o south_n and_o the_o other_o the_o north._n and_o 4._o bede_n show_v that_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a pict_n be_v divide_v from_o each_o other_o by_o a_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n which_o 7._o john_n fordon_n say_v be_v mount_n grampius_n which_o part_v the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n for_o the_o scot_n come_v into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o pict_n country_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o ireland_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v thither_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o reuda_n as_o 1._o bede_n say_v who_o as_o some_o think_v be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o six_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ulster_n who_o as_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la say_v with_o no_o small_a fleet_n come_v into_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o there_o settle_v themselves_o from_o who_o that_o country_n be_v call_v scotia_n which_o if_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o constantius_n as_o archbishop_n 547._o usher_n prove_v from_o the_o anonymous_n life_n of_o st._n patrick_n it_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o what_o 20._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n say_v that_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n be_v both_o join_v against_o the_o britain_n the_o scot_n as_o epist._n gildas_n and_o 12._o bede_n say_v come_v from_o the_o west_n and_o the_o pict_n from_o the_o north_n and_o so_o fabius_n ethelwerd_v say_v the_o pict_n come_v from_o the_o north_n and_o the_o scot_n from_o the_o west_n who_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o south-west_n part_n of_o caledonia_n beyond_o glota_n and_o bodotria_n or_o dumbritton_n and_o edinburgh_n frith_n and_o so_o the_o mons_fw-la grampius_n or_o the_o dorsum_fw-la britannicum_fw-la as_o some_o call_v it_o part_v the_o pict_n and_o the_o scot_n the_o old_a britain_n still_o live_v between_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o two_o frith_n for_o bede_n express_o say_v that_o both_o the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n live_v beyond_o they_o and_o he_o likewise_o add_v that_o upon_o the_o remove_n of_o the_o roman_a legion_n they_o take_v in_o all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o severus_n his_o wall_n where_o the_o britain_n dwell_v before_o i_o confess_v the_o roman_a province_n have_v different_a bound_n at_o several_a time_n it_o sometime_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o antoninus_n his_o wall_n or_o graham_n dike_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n sometime_o again_o it_o be_v bring_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o hadrian_n and_o severus_n his_o wall_n id_fw-la est_fw-la between_o the_o tine_n and_o the_o esk_n and_o bede_n think_v that_o the_o last_o wall_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n be_v where_o severus_n his_o wall_n stand_v if_o so_o that_o whole_a country_n between_o the_o two_o wall_n must_v be_v then_o abandon_v for_o 100_o mile_n which_o 1027._o some_o object_n against_o as_o a_o improbable_a thing_n the_o wall_n be_v so_o much_o long_o and_o consequent_o more_o indefensible_a by_o the_o britain_n but_o in_o probability_n the_o britain_n be_v then_o willing_a to_o let_v their_o enemy_n have_v the_o more_o room_n to_o prevent_v be_v disturb_v by_o they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o main_a security_n they_o always_o have_v the_o n1_fw-la valli_n relate_v to_o this_o wall_n from_o hadrian_n time_n and_o although_o sometime_o in_o a_o bravery_n the_o roman_a soldier_n will_v march_v to_o antoninus_n his_o wall_n and_o drive_v the_o britain_n before_o they_o yet_o general_o the_o roman_a province_n be_v bound_v by_o severus_n his_o wall_n and_o therefore_o gallio_n ravenna_n may_v at_o last_o choose_v rather_o to_o make_v
up_o and_o fortify_v this_o for_o the_o britain_n when_o the_o roman_a soldier_n leave_v they_o to_o defend_v themselves_o but_o as_o to_o the_o several_a inhabitant_n beyond_o the_o wall_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a in_o order_n to_o the_o follow_a history_n to_o set_v down_o a_o more_o particular_a account_n in_o this_o place_n of_o the_o different_a original_a of_o they_o which_o have_v be_v so_o perplex_v by_o the_o partial_a conjecture_n of_o the_o scottish_a and_o irish_a antiquary_n that_o it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o find_v out_o the_o plain_a truth_n among_o they_o but_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o trace_v the_o footstep_n of_o it_o by_o the_o best_a light_n which_o ancient_a or_o modern_a author_n afford_v and_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o any_o pique_n or_o partiality_n in_o this_o matter_n that_o i_o shall_v be_v glad_a to_o receive_v any_o better_a information_n from_o learned_a and_o ingenuous_a men._n for_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o this_o enquiry_n that_o the_o antiquity_n of_o both_o nation_n do_v yet_o stand_v much_o in_o need_n of_o be_v clear_v to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o inquisitive_a men._n but_o to_o the_o business_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o tacitus_n the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o island_n be_v well_o inhabit_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a account_n from_o he_o the_o brigantes_n who_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o tine_n be_v as_o 18._o he_o say_v subdue_v by_o petilius_n cerealis_n the_o silures_n by_o julius_n frontinus_n the_o ordovices_n the_o other_o people_n of_o wales_n by_o julius_n agricola_n in_o his_o first_o entry_n upon_o this_o province_n but_o in_o his_o three_o year_n he_o go_v as_o far_o as_o the_o frith_n of_o taus_n by_o which_o sir_n h._n savil_n say_v some_o understand_v the_o tweed_n for_o that_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o taus_n which_o part_v the_o northern_a and_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o scotland_n seem_v evident_a from_o tacitus_n who_o say_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v leisure_n to_o build_v castle_n there_o but_o this_o taus_n be_v a_o great_a way_n beyond_o the_o two_o frith_n and_o tacitus_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o agricola_n make_v the_o roman_a power_n to_o reach_v no_o further_o than_o to_o glota_n and_o bodotria_n where_o he_o think_v the_o roman_n may_v have_v convenient_o fix_v the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n that_o way_n but_o i_o confess_v tacitus_n his_o word_n may_v bear_v another_o meaning_n viz._n that_o although_o the_o roman_n have_v make_v excursion_n as_o far_o as_o the_o taus_n and_o set_v up_o some_o fort_n there_o yet_o when_o agricola_n go_v about_o to_o settle_v the_o province_n he_o reduce_v it_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o two_o frith_n there_o be_v the_o most_o convenient_a place_n for_o the_o garrison_n to_o be_v fix_v there_o be_v so_o small_a a_o neck_n of_o land_n between_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o two_o sea_n which_o be_v then_o very_o well_o fortify_v but_o the_o boundless_a ambition_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o agricola_n carry_v they_o beyond_o these_o limit_n and_o then_o he_o subdue_v nation_n before_o that_o time_n unknown_a and_o furnish_v with_o force_n that_o part_n of_o britain_n which_o lie_v against_o ireland_n not_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o any_o invasion_n from_o thence_o but_o rather_o in_o hope_n of_o subdue_a that_o country_n by_o their_o mean_n which_o show_v that_o ireland_n be_v then_o well_o people_v and_o think_v by_o agricola_n very_o fit_a for_o the_o roman_a army_n to_o conquer_v because_o it_o lay_v so_o convenient_a for_o unite_n the_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n together_o and_o it_o will_v help_v much_o towards_o the_o total_a subdue_a of_o britain_n if_o there_o be_v no_o appearance_n of_o liberty_n leave_v within_o their_o view_n and_o tacitus_n insinuate_v that_o agricola_n have_v it_o in_o his_o design_n if_o he_o have_v be_v suffer_v to_o continue_v long_o after_o his_o victory_n over_o galgacus_n which_o domitian_n incurable_a jealousy_n of_o great_a man_n will_v not_o permit_v however_o in_o order_n to_o it_o agricola_n have_v take_v a_o account_n of_o the_o port_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o people_n who_o he_o find_v not_o unlike_o the_o britain_n and_o he_o keep_v with_o he_o till_o occasion_n serve_v one_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o country_n who_o be_v drive_v from_o thence_o by_o a_o domestic_a sedition_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o his_o six_o year_n he_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o several_a nation_n beyond_o bodotria_n among_o who_o a_o general_a insurrection_n be_v apprehend_v and_o all_o passage_n by_o land_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v beset_v and_o therefore_o agricola_n set_v out_o a_o fleet_n for_o discovery_n of_o the_o country_n the_o sight_n whereof_o strike_v great_a terror_n into_o the_o britain_n and_o then_o he_o say_v the_o caledonian_n arm_v themselves_o and_o set_v upon_o the_o roman_n with_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v make_v and_o fall_v upon_o the_o nine_o legion_n unexpected_o have_v like_a to_o have_v total_o defeat_v they_o if_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n have_v not_o come_v in_o to_o their_o timely_a rescue_n by_o which_o good_a success_n the_o roman_a army_n be_v much_o encourage_v cry_v out_o to_o march_v into_o caledonia_n that_o they_o may_v at_o last_o come_v to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o britain_n but_o the_o britain_n attribute_v this_o not_o to_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o to_o the_o ill_a conduct_n of_o their_o general_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o fight_v it_o out_o and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o dispose_v of_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o place_n of_o safety_n and_o by_o frequent_a meeting_n and_o solemn_a sacrifice_n they_o enter_v into_o a_o strict_a confederacy_n to_o stand_v it_o out_o to_o the_o utmost_a against_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o this_o case_n of_o common_a danger_n all_o the_o city_n be_v unite_v together_o and_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o 30000_o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o galgacus_n who_o in_o his_o brave_a oration_n so_o much_o commend_v by_o lipsius_n tell_v his_o soldier_n they_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o britain_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n beyond_o they_o and_o he_o call_v they_o the_o most_o noble_a of_o the_o britain_n who_o have_v never_o behold_v the_o slavery_n of_o other_o upon_o this_o the_o fatal_a battle_n be_v fight_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o mons_fw-la grampius_n where_o 10000_o britain_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o rest_n disperse_v after_o which_o agricola_n be_v recall_v this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o tacitus_n his_o relation_n wherein_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o these_o britain_n be_v not_o mere_o such_o as_o be_v drive_v thither_o by_o the_o stress_n of_o war_n but_o such_o as_o have_v long_o inhabit_v there_o and_o have_v so_o little_a communication_n with_o the_o other_o britain_n that_o they_o have_v never_o see_v the_o condition_n of_o slavery_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v bring_v they_o to_o 2._o that_o they_o be_v not_o inconsiderable_a for_o their_o number_n or_o valour_n who_o be_v able_a to_o oppose_v the_o whole_a roman_a army_n and_o make_v their_o victory_n so_o doubtful_a 3._o that_o these_o have_v a_o distinct_a name_n from_o the_o rest_n be_v in_o general_n call_v the_o caledonian_n britain_n and_o tacitus_n think_v they_o have_v a_o different_a original_a from_o the_o silures_n and_o other_o britain_n those_o who_o adjoin_v to_o gaul_n he_o conclude_v come_v at_o first_o from_o thence_o and_o have_v several_a colony_n follow_v they_o afterward_o as_o appear_v by_o their_o name_n custom_n and_o language_n the_o silures_n he_o deduce_v from_o spain_n which_o he_o prove_v from_o their_o complexion_n and_o situation_n and_o so_o probable_o enough_o he_o think_v they_o a_o colony_n of_o the_o old_a iberi_n some_o whereof_o go_v into_o ireland_n and_o people_v some_o part_n of_o it_o but_o beside_o these_o two_o he_o make_v a_o three_o race_n of_o man_n in_o britain_n who_o he_o fetch_v out_o of_o germany_n and_o these_o be_v the_o caledonian_n britain_n but_o 1._o he_o take_v germany_n in_o a_o very_a large_a sense_n so_o as_o to_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o sarmatae_n and_o to_o comprehend_v under_o it_o 44._o the_o northern_a nation_n of_o the_o cimbri_n and_o the_o gothones_n and_o the_o sucones_n from_o who_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o caledonian_n britain_n descend_v as_o the_o southern_a britain_n come_v from_o the_o celtae_n who_o language_n and_o religion_n be_v keep_v up_o among_o they_o but_o the_o caledonian_n come_v from_o the_o european_a scythian_n to_o who_o coast_n they_o lay_v much_o near_a than_o to_o those_o of_o the_o celtae_n and_o their_o large_a proportion_n which_o tacitus_n observe_v agree_v very_o well_o with_o this_o supposition_n and_o these_o if_o i_o mistake_v
and_o that_o shall_v be_v concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o pict_n because_o we_o be_v tell_v 490._o this_o be_v the_o way_n to_o end_v the_o vexatious_a question_n about_o they_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o most_o authentic_a record_n of_o ireland_n which_o be_v of_o such_o irrefragable_a authority_n that_o some_o be_v persuade_v have_v they_o be_v know_v to_o camden_n he_o will_v never_o have_v dispute_v the_o matter_n and_o so_o i_o think_v too_o but_o this_o irrefragable_a authority_n be_v that_o of_o the_o psalter_n of_o cashel_n from_o whence_o we_o be_v instruct_v in_o these_o particular_n 1._o that_o the_o pict_n serve_v in_o thracia_n under_o one_o policornus_fw-la 491._o a_o king_n of_o that_o country_n where_o their_o general_n gud_n take_v away_o the_o king_n life_n to_o prevent_v a_o attempt_n on_o his_o daughter_n and_o do_v not_o brutus_n serve_v king_n pandrasus_n with_o his_o army_n not_o far_o off_o in_o greece_n and_o methinks_v pandrasus_n be_v as_o good_a a_o name_n for_o a_o king_n of_o greece_n as_o polycornus_fw-la for_o the_o king_n of_o thrace_n but_o where_o be_v either_o of_o they_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o elsewhere_o 2._o that_o upon_o this_o the_o general_n and_o his_o army_n flee_v the_o country_n roam_v up_o and_o down_o at_o sea_n till_o they_o come_v to_o gaul_n and_o there_o they_o found_v the_o city_n of_o pictavia_n this_o be_v just_a geffrey_n for_o brutus_n come_v to_o gaul_n too_o and_o there_o fight_v with_o groffarius_fw-la king_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o found_v the_o city_n of_o tours_n which_o have_v its_o name_n from_o turonus_n brutus_n his_o nephew_n 3._o that_o upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v gaul_n and_o to_o go_v for_o ireland_n as_o brutus_n do_v for_o albion_n where_o they_o be_v entertain_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o britain_n who_o it_o seem_v make_v very_o early_a invasion_n upon_o ireland_n which_o still_o agree_v with_o geffrey_n history_n 4._o the_o story_n of_o the_o advice_n of_o trosdan_n the_o pictish_a magician_n for_o the_o irish_a army_n to_o bathe_v in_o the_o milk_n of_o 150_o white_a crumple-horned_n cow_n as_o a_o effectual_a antidote_n against_o the_o envenom_a arrow_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o strange_a success_n upon_o it_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v match_v in_o geffrey_n 5._o that_o the_o pict_n grow_v insolent_a be_v force_v by_o herimon_n to_o retire_v to_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n only_o with_o three_o irish_a woman_n whatever_o bede_n say_v of_o more_o or_o how_o different_o soever_o he_o relate_v the_o whole_a story_n of_o the_o pict_n for_o what_o be_v bede_n a_o poor_a monk_n authority_n to_o king_n cormach_n 6._o that_o from_o cathluan_a son_n to_o gud_n there_o be_v a_o constant_a succession_n of_o king_n of_o the_o pict_n in_o that_o country_n but_o not_o more_o exact_a than_o the_o succession_n of_o british_a king_n from_o king_n brutus_n and_o now_o i_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_v whether_o geffrey_n be_v not_o hardly_o deal_v with_o when_o such_o author_n be_v prefer_v so_o much_o before_o he_o we_o now_o return_v to_o the_o far_a account_n which_o the_o irish_a antiquary_n give_v of_o their_o own_o antiquity_n 4._o we_o be_v then_o to_o understand_v that_o beside_o the_o race_n descend_v from_o nemedus_n 11._o there_o be_v another_o call_v clanna_n gaoidhel_n or_o posterity_n of_o gathelus_n concern_v who_o these_o thing_n be_v affirm_v 324._o 1._o that_o he_o be_v descend_v from_o niul_a a_o young_a son_n to_o feanusa_n farsa_n king_n of_o scythia_n who_o travel_v into_o egypt_n have_v a_o country_n there_o give_v he_o by_o pharaoh_n cingeris_fw-la call_v capacyront_n i_o suppose_v in_o the_o old_a egyptian_a language_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o pharaoh_n be_v daughter_n call_v scota_n whereas_o the_o scotish_n antiquary_n do_v peremptory_o affirm_v it_o be_v gathelus_n himself_o be_v marry_v to_o she_o but_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o forget_v 332._o that_o this_o scythian_a king_n have_v a_o celebrate_a school_n on_o the_o plain_a of_o sennaar_n and_o one_o gaodel_n be_v there_o employ_v to_o compose_v or_o refine_v the_o irish_a language_n call_v from_o he_o gaodhelc_a or_o gaodhlec_n this_o be_v a_o strain_n beyond_o geffrey_n who_o never_o think_v of_o bring_v the_o british_a language_n from_o the_o plain_a of_o sennaar_n 2._o that_o gaodhel_n be_v posterity_n continue_v in_o egypt_n till_o the_o time_n of_o his_o grandchild_n sruth_n and_o then_o be_v force_v thence_o they_o land_v in_o crect_n where_o he_o die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n eibhir_n scot_n go_v into_o scythia_n where_o one_o of_o his_o descendants_n kill_v restoir_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n and_o be_v force_v with_o his_o company_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o land_v in_o a_o island_n there_o just_a like_o geffrey_n largeâ—ia_n where_o brutus_n land_v but_o they_o go_v from_o thence_o to_o caronia_n another_o island_n in_o the_o pontic_a and_o from_o thence_o 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say_v that_o ascanius_n from_o who_o brutus_n be_v derive_v never_o leave_v phrygia_n but_o only_o withdraw_v for_o a_o time_n to_o dascylites_n near_o the_o lake_n from_o he_o call_v the_o ascanian_a and_o afterward_o return_v to_o troy_n strabo_n say_v that_o ascanius_n reign_v at_o scepsis_n near_o the_o ruin_n of_o troy_n and_o that_o his_o posterity_n continue_v there_o a_o long_a time_n after_o with_o a_o royal_a title_n festus_n show_v that_o the_o old_a author_n be_v not_o agree_v where_o aeneas_n be_v bury_v many_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o lay_v bury_v in_o the_o city_n berecinthia_n and_o some_o in_o dionysius_n say_v he_o die_v in_o thrace_n other_o in_o arcadia_n but_o the_o roman_n make_v it_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o their_o glory_n to_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o trojan_n other_o nation_n of_o europe_n upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o roman_a
britain_n then_o it_o add_v that_o conanus_fw-la retire_v into_o albany_n and_o raise_v a_o army_n which_o be_v overthrow_v by_o maximianus_n who_o after_o five_o year_n pass_v into_o gaul_n and_o fight_v first_o against_o the_o armorican_o who_o country_n he_o give_v to_o conanus_fw-la and_o his_o britain_n who_o resolve_v not_o to_o marry_v any_o other_o than_o british_a woman_n he_o send_v over_o messenger_n to_o dionotus_n king_n of_o cornwall_n to_o who_o maximianus_n have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o britain_n to_o provide_v wife_n for_o they_o and_o he_o send_v with_o ursula_n his_o own_o daughter_n eleven_o thousand_o of_o the_o better_a sort_n and_o of_o the_o common_a sixty_o thousand_o but_o these_o be_v unhappy_o by_o storm_n either_o sink_v or_o drive_v into_o those_o place_n where_o guanius_n king_n of_o the_o hunns_n and_o melga_n king_n of_o the_o pict_n who_o be_v consederates_n with_o gratian_n be_v join_v with_o their_o army_n who_o cruel_o destroy_v they_o 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conanus_fw-la go_v first_o into_o albany_n and_o thence_o into_o aremorica_n or_o the_o settle_n of_o the_o british_a soldier_n there_o at_o so_o busy_a a_o time_n when_o maximus_n want_v all_o the_o assistence_n he_o can_v get_v or_o the_o send_n to_o dionotus_n or_o the_o send_n away_o such_o a_o number_n of_o virgin_n at_o once_o without_o any_o fleet_n to_o conduct_v or_o secure_v their_o passage_n but_o 59_o browerus_n have_v overthrow_v this_o legend_n at_o once_o by_o prove_v that_o aremorica_n be_v not_o in_o the_o britain_n possession_n till_o a_o good_a time_n after_o this_o for_o as_o he_o well_o observe_v maximus_n be_v kind_o receive_v in_o gaul_n and_o meet_v with_o no_o considerable_a opposition_n there_o gratian_n own_o soldier_n revolt_a to_o he_o and_o he_o pass_v on_o and_o settle_v himself_o at_o trier_n than_o the_o seat_n of_o this_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o gildas_n say_v and_o beside_o in_o the_o time_n of_o actius_n the_o aremorici_n enjoy_v their_o own_o country_n as_o he_o prove_v from_o constantius_n his_o life_n of_o st._n german_a about_o anno_fw-la dom._n 434._o after_o which_o time_n they_o stand_v up_o in_o their_o own_o defence_n till_o they_o be_v reduce_v by_o littorius_fw-la which_o he_o show_v from_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n and_o 250._o rutilius_n claudius_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o five_o century_n after_o maximus_n his_o time_n mention_n the_o aremorici_n as_o still_o enjoy_v their_o country_n where_o exuperantius_n be_v then_o governor_n say_v that_o after_o the_o trouble_v by_o the_o goth_n they_o have_v postliminium_fw-la pacis_fw-la which_o evident_o prove_v they_o be_v not_o then_o keep_v out_o of_o possession_n cujus_fw-la aremoricas_n patèr_fw-fr exuperantius_n oras_fw-la nunc_fw-la postliminium_fw-la pacis_fw-la amare_fw-la docet_fw-la leges_fw-la restituit_fw-la libertatemque_fw-la reducit_fw-la et_fw-la servos_n famulis_fw-la non_fw-la sinit_fw-la esse_fw-la suis._n and_o this_o be_v write_v after_o 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it_o be_v take_v off_o from_o the_o time_n of_o maximus_n 63._o joh._n fordon_n agree_v with_o geffrey_n about_o maximus_n his_o give_v the_o country_n of_o aremorica_n to_o conanus_fw-la and_o his_o britain_n anno_fw-la dom._n 386._o but_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o mention_v the_o 11000_o virgin_n that_o he_o suppose_v the_o britain_n of_o both_o sex_n to_o have_v settle_v there_o together_o but_o he_o make_v a_o more_o credible_a relation_n of_o conanus_fw-la his_fw-la go_v over_o to_o aremorica_n which_o be_v that_o maximus_n mistrust_v he_o may_v set_v up_o for_o himself_o in_o his_o absence_n have_v the_o legal_a title_n to_o britain_n and_o therefore_o he_o remove_v he_o and_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o britain_n and_o settle_v they_o in_o those_o part_n of_o gaul_n this_o be_v no_o improbable_a story_n but_o yet_o the_o aremoricans_n enjoy_v their_o country_n after_o this_o time_n be_v a_o effectual_a confutation_n of_o it_o after_o the_o death_n of_o maximus_n more_o trouble_n follow_v in_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o pict_n and_o the_o scot_n say_v 1._o fordon_n negotiate_v a_o mutual_a peace_n and_o strict_a alliance_n in_o order_n say_v he_o to_o the_o recover_v their_o country_n again_o for_o maximus_n have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o pict_n to_o drive_v out_o the_o scot_n and_o then_o put_v garrison_n among_o the_o pict_n to_o keep_v they_o under_o and_o upon_o this_o agreement_n an._n d._n 403._o in_o the_o six_o of_o arcadius_n and_o honorius_n fergus_n the_o son_n of_o erk_n the_o son_n of_o ethadius_fw-la the_o brother_n of_o eugenius_n who_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o maximus_n come_v with_o his_o two_o brother_n call_v there_o loarii_fw-la and_o tenegus_fw-la in_o all_o probability_n loarn_v and_o aengus_fw-la which_o be_v the_o name_n the_o irish_a annal_n give_v to_o the_o brother_n of_o fergus_n as_o be_v observe_v before_o and_o great_a supply_n of_o scot_n from_o the_o island_n of_o ireland_n and_o norwey_n whither_o they_o be_v drive_v and_o the_o pict_n to_o prevent_v all_o suspicion_n of_o treachery_n surrender_v up_o their_o fort_n to_o fergus_n 2._o who_o now_o become_v king_n of_o all_o scotland_n i._n e._n of_o that_o part_n which_o be_v beyond_o drum_n albain_n as_o well_o as_o on_o this_o other_o which_o he_o say_v it_o do_v not_o appear_v how_o he_o come_v to_o whether_o by_o the_o sword_n or_o by_o any_o other_o right_o none_o of_o his_o predecessor_n have_v any_o power_n there_o 11._o bede_n say_v the_o roman_n have_v the_o right_n of_o dominion_n to_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o island_n which_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o make_v out_o unless_o the_o possession_n and_o conquest_n be_v better_o prove_v than_o appear_v by_o bede_n history_n for_o although_o he_o mention_n claudius_n his_o conquer_a the_o orcades_n yet_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o prove_v it_o by_o any_o roman_a author_n and_o if_o the_o possession_n be_v after_o lose_v for_o so_o long_a a_o time_n it_o will_v be_v as_o hard_a to_o prove_v the_o 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name_n be_v suana_n daughter_n to_o vectgistus_fw-la a_o great_a man_n about_o hamburgh_n if_o he_o suppose_v hamburgh_n then_o build_v he_o be_v extreme_o mistake_v for_o it_o be_v only_o a_o castle_n erect_v on_o the_o elb_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a for_o prevent_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o sclavi_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o 811._o eginhardus_fw-la and_o 810._o albertus_n stadensis_n after_o which_o he_o build_v a_o city_n and_o found_v a_o church_n there_o as_o adamus_n bremensis_n and_o helmoldus_n agree_v which_o city_n have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o neighbour_n wood_n call_v in_o the_o saxon_a hamme_n as_o 13._o lambecius_n say_v in_o ditmarse_n there_o be_v two_o wood_n still_o call_v suderhamme_n and_o norderhamme_n but_o to_o return_v to_o suffrifridus_fw-la when_o according_a to_o custom_n say_v he_o a_o colony_n of_o frisian_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v out_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n be_v their_o captain_n and_o so_o go_v for_o old_a england_n or_o anglen_n in_o jutland_n where_o they_o be_v kind_o receive_v by_o mean_n of_o vetgistus_fw-la and_o from_o thence_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o come_v into_o britain_n from_o hence_o he_o find_v fault_n with_o crantzius_n for_o make_v angria_n in_o westphalia_n to_o be_v old_a anglen_n and_o say_v that_o bede_n only_o reckon_v the_o mother_n line_n and_o not_o the_o father_n but_o his_o occa_fw-la scarlensis_n on_o who_o he_o chief_o rely_v be_v much_o such_o another_o author_n as_o hunibaldus_n or_o geffrey_n or_o hector_n veremundus_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o he_o for_o i_o perceive_v scarce_o any_o of_o the_o northern_a nation_n want_v such_o author_n who_o endeavour_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o their_o history_n by_o their_o own_o invention_n so_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o lay_v open_a the_o pretend_a antiquity_n in_o order_n to_o the_o set_v forth_o the_o true_a the_o late_a bishop_n of_o 88_o munster_n a_o person_n of_o far_o great_a judgement_n and_o learning_n than_o suffridus_n petrus_n call_v his_o original_n of_o the_o saxon_n by_o no_o better_a a_o title_n than_o of_o canorae_fw-la nugae_fw-la sound_a trifle_n have_v no_o foundation_n in_o good_a authority_n the_o account_n he_o give_v of_o the_o saxon_n be_v this_o that_o they_o at_o first_o live_v beyond_o the_o elb_n where_o they_o have_v the_o same_o situation_n with_o tacitus_n his_o angli_fw-la etc._n who_o he_o make_v the_o far_a of_o the_o suevi_n and_o therefore_o may_v well_o be_v the_o same_o people_n that_o in_o bede_n time_n they_o be_v come_v on_o this_o side_n the_o weser_n and_o be_v settle_v in_o westphalia_n and_o so_o they_o make_v a_o threefold_a saxony_n of_o the_o ostphali_n angrivarii_n and_o westphali_n who_o be_v call_v olt-saxons_a by_o bede_n and_o other_o not_o that_o these_o be_v all_o original_o saxon_n but_o they_o bear_v the_o same_o name_n be_v unite_v in_o one_o common_a league_n so_o that_o as_o all_o the_o german_n which_o go_v into_o gaul_n be_v call_v frank_n so_o those_o who_o prevail_v in_o germany_n and_o go_v into_o britain_n be_v call_v saxon_n but_o 16._o olaus_n rudbeck_n after_o all_o have_v find_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o saxon_n more_o north_n than_o jutland_n where_o say_v he_o the_o name_n of_o the_o saxon_n can_v never_o yet_o be_v find_v and_o where_o be_v no_o mountain_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o upon_o which_o ptolemy_n place_v they_o on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o cimbrick_n chersonese_n but_o in_o that_o part_n of_o sweden_n which_o lie_v between_o vermelandia_n and_o angermannia_n he_o have_v find_v norsaxen_a and_o sodersaxen_a and_o saxehundari_fw-la and_o saxewall_n and_o saxen_a etc._n etc._n 16._o and_o in_o smaland_n he_o have_v discover_v many_o place_n take_v from_o the_o angles_n as_o angle_v hundred_o angloridia_n anglodorpia_n engelbeck_n etc._n etc._n but_o for_o our_o better_a understanding_n the_o condition_n of_o that_o people_n who_o be_v call_v in_o by_o the_o britain_n it_o will_v be_v most_o material_a to_o consider_v what_o be_v say_v of_o they_o by_o those_o who_o descend_v from_o they_o and_o live_v here_o not_o long_o after_o their_o come_n 15._o bede_n who_o be_v himself_o a_o saxon_a and_o live_v near_a the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n come_v hither_o must_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v understand_v best_o who_o they_o be_v and_o whence_o they_o come_v and_o although_o at_o the_o beginning_n he_o make_v the_o angle_n and_o saxon_n all_o one_o say_v the_o angle_n or_o saxon_n be_v invite_v by_o king_n vortigern_n come_v hither_o in_o three_o keel_n or_o long_a boat_n at_o first_o yet_o when_o he_o add_v that_o number_n come_v afterward_o he_o than_o distinguish_v they_o into_o three_o distinct_a sort_n of_o people_n viz._n the_o saxon_n angles_n and_o jute_n the_o saxon_n he_o say_v come_v from_o that_o place_n which_o be_v then_o call_v saxony_n the_o angles_n from_o the_o country_n call_v angulus_n which_o remain_v desert_n to_o this_o day_n and_o lay_v between_o the_o province_n of_o the_o jute_n and_o saxon_n and_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n 1._o fabius_n ethelwerd_v only_o he_o say_v that_o they_o come_v de_fw-fr saxonia_n anglia_fw-it atque_fw-la giota_n saxony_n he_o say_v be_v then_o call_v ealdsexe_n and_o for_o anglia_fw-it he_o say_v it_o lay_v between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o gioti_n who_o chief_a town_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n be_v call_v sleswic_n and_o by_o the_o dane_n haithaby_n but_o by_o this_o account_n all_o these_o people_n who_o come_v hither_o to_o assist_v the_o britain_n and_o after_o conquer_v they_o and_o possess_v their_o land_n must_v come_v out_o of_o that_o chersonese_n call_v jutland_n take_v it_o in_o the_o large_a extent_n not_o only_o to_o the_o eidore_n but_o from_o the_o eidore_n to_o the_o elb._n for_o if_o the_o angli_fw-la come_v from_o about_o sleswic_n and_o lay_v between_o the_o jute_n and_o the_o old_a saxon_n then_o the_o jute_n possess_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o chersonese_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o northern_a jutland_n and_o the_o southern_a jutland_n take_v within_o it_o all_o that_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o angli_fw-la which_o reach_v no_o far_o than_o between_o sleswic_n and_o flensburgh_n which_o in_o the_o modern_a map_n be_v still_o call_v angelen_n and_o so_o the_o country_n lie_v between_o the_o elb_n and_o the_o eidore_n comprehend_v hostein_n dithmars_n and_o stormar_n must_v be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o old_a saxon_n which_o by_o 8._o adamus_n bremensis_n and_o 5._o helmoldus_n be_v call_v nortalbingia_n and_o by_o 785._o eginhartus_fw-la saxonia_n transalbiana_n by_o 785._o albertus_n stadensis_n transalbia_n where_o the_o saxon_n remain_v in_o so_o great_a number_n that_o charles_n the_o great_a can_v not_o total_o subdue_v they_o till_o after_o a_o war_n of_o above_o thirty_o year_n as_o the_o forementioned_a author_n assure_v we_o and_o caroli_n eginhartus_fw-la who_o authority_n be_v unquestionable_a say_v that_o charles_n have_v no_o war_n more_o tedious_a or_o more_o fierce_a than_o that_o which_o he_o have_v with_o the_o saxon_n and_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o it_o he_o be_v force_v to_o remove_v 10000_o saxon_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n elb_n and_o to_o disperse_v they_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o jutland_n which_o bede_n say_v be_v leave_v desolate_a to_o his_o time_n upon_o the_o remove_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la daniae_fw-la adamus_n bremensis_n give_v another_o reason_n for_o it_o say_v that_o jutland_n be_v the_o most_o uncultivated_a part_n of_o all_o germany_n and_o the_o least_o fit_a for_o humane_a habitation_n be_v so_o barren_a and_o unfruitful_a and_o so_o obnoxious_a to_o pirate_n from_o both_o sea_n but_o since_o the_o saxon_n angles_n and_o jute_n come_v into_o britain_n take_v possession_n of_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o it_o as_o our_o historian_n tell_v we_o viz._n the_o jute_n kent_n the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o part_n of_o hampshire_n the_o saxon_n sussex_n essex_n middlesex_n the_o south_n part_n of_o hartfordshire_n surrey_n the_o other_o part_n of_o hampshire_n berkshire_n wiltshire_n dorsetshire_n somersetshire_n devonshire_n and_o part_n of_o cornwall_n the_o angles_n norfolk_n suffolk_z cambridge_n the_o midland_n and_o northern_a county_n it_o deserve_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o since_o there_o be_v so_o few_o inhabitant_n then_o in_o jutland_n and_o so_o many_o saxon_n leave_v behind_o there_o be_v not_o far_o great_a probability_n that_o these_o shall_v come_v from_o all_o the_o maritime_a coast_n from_o the_o rhine_n to_o jutland_n than_o mere_o out_o of_o such_o a_o unpeopled_a country_n as_o that_o be_v i_o do_v not_o deny_v the_o distinction_n of_o people_n that_o bede_n mention_n nor_o their_o come_n original_o out_o of_o jutland_n or_o rather_o through_o jutland_n but_o i_o think_v all_o circumstance_n
some_o domestic_a fear_n that_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o vortigern_n be_v send_v for_o the_o saxon_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o their_o common_a enemy_n i._n e._n he_o be_v very_o apprehensive_a of_o a_o sudden_a rise_n of_o the_o roman_a party_n yet_o leave_v in_o the_o island_n and_o of_o ambrose_n but_o he_o leave_v it_o whole_o in_o the_o dark_a who_o this_o ambrose_n be_v and_o what_o cause_n vortigern_n have_v to_o be_v afraid_a of_o he_o 25._o gildas_n speak_v of_o ambrose_n aurelianus_n as_o of_o a_o modest_a man_n and_o as_o almost_o the_o only_a person_n of_o the_o roman_a nation_n then_o survive_v who_o parent_n be_v kill_v enjoy_v the_o purple_a and_o who_o posterity_n be_v live_v in_o gildas_n his_o time_n but_o much_o degenerate_v from_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o ancestor_n this_o be_v the_o only_a passage_n which_o give_v we_o any_o light_n into_o this_o matter_n which_o be_v repeat_v by_o 16._o bede_n who_o more_o plain_o say_v that_o his_o parent_n have_v royal_a authority_n and_o be_v kill_v who_o these_o parent_n of_o he_o be_v we_o be_v leave_v only_o to_o conjecture_v the_o 6._o british_a history_n will_v clear_v the_o matter_n if_o it_o deserve_v credit_n for_o there_o we_o read_v that_o aurelius_n ambrose_n be_v one_o of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o constantine_n king_n of_o britain_n who_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v from_o vortigern_n after_o the_o murder_n of_o their_o brother_n constans_n by_o his_o contrivance_n but_o we_o know_v that_o constantine_n and_o his_o son_n constans_n and_o julian_n be_v kill_v abroad_o and_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a the_o roman_n will_v have_v permit_v any_o one_o of_o his_o son_n to_o have_v remain_v here_o or_o if_o they_o do_v this_o ambrose_n must_v have_v be_v of_o ripe_a year_n for_o government_n long_o before_o this_o time_n for_o constantine_n life_n be_v take_v away_o when_o theodosius_n be_v iv_o consul_n as_o idatius_n and_o marcellinus_n agree_v anno_fw-la dom._n 411._o so_o that_o ambrose_n can_v not_o be_v very_o young_a when_o vortigern_n take_v the_o government_n in_o who_o four_o year_n they_o say_v the_o saxon_n be_v call_v in_o but_o there_o be_v another_o passage_n in_o gildas_n which_o help_v to_o explain_v this_o for_o he_o say_v that_o after_o they_o find_v themselves_o desert_v by_o the_o roman_n they_o set_v up_o king_n of_o their_o own_o and_o soon_o after_o put_v they_o down_o again_o and_o make_v choice_n of_o worse_a in_o their_o room_n this_o set_n up_o of_o king_n he_o express_v by_o their_o be_v anoint_v whether_o that_o custom_n be_v then_o use_v or_o not_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o suppose_v that_o the_o britain_n in_o that_o confusion_n they_o be_v in_o take_v upon_o they_o without_o regard_n to_o their_o duty_n to_o place_n and_o displace_v they_o but_o that_o he_o take_v anoint_v in_o a_o metaphorical_a sense_n appear_v by_o what_o follow_v that_o the_o anointer_n be_v those_o who_o destroy_v they_o among_o these_o in_o all_o probability_n be_v the_o father_n of_o ambrose_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o it_o be_v say_v he_o be_v of_o roman_a descent_n for_o the_o britain_n thought_n none_o then_o able_a to_o defend_v they_o that_o have_v not_o a_o roman_a spirit_n in_o he_o at_o this_o time_n the_o britain_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o full_a liberty_n by_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o as_o 11._o bede_n reckon_v have_v the_o dominion_n here_o for_o 470_o year_n and_o then_o there_o be_v no_o line_n remain_v to_o succeed_v in_o the_o government_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o to_o determine_v their_o choice_n which_o make_v they_o so_o easy_o to_o make_v and_o unmake_v their_o king_n who_o lose_v their_o purple_a and_o their_o life_n together_o this_o must_v needs_o breed_v infinite_a confusion_n among_o they_o and_o every_o one_o who_o come_v to_o be_v king_n live_v in_o perpetual_a fear_n of_o be_v serve_v as_o other_o have_v be_v before_o he_o and_o the_o natural_a consequence_n of_o this_o jealousy_n of_o their_o own_o subject_n be_v look_v out_o for_o assistence_n from_o abroad_o which_o i_o doubt_v not_o be_v one_o great_a reason_n of_o vortigern_n send_v for_o the_o saxon_n hope_v to_o secure_v himself_o by_o their_o mean_n against_o his_o own_o people_n although_o it_o prove_v at_o last_o the_o ruin_n both_o of_o himself_o and_o his_o people_n but_o this_o jealousy_n can_v not_o but_o increase_v upon_o they_o while_o there_o be_v a_o person_n descend_v from_o a_o former_a king_n and_o of_o roman_a parentage_n in_o be_v so_o that_o nennius_n seem_v to_o have_v hit_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o main_a reason_n which_o sway_v vortigern_n to_o send_v for_o the_o saxon_n 40._o some_o have_v go_v about_o to_o defend_v vortigern_n so_o far_o as_o to_o say_v that_o he_o take_v the_o most_o prudent_a course_n he_o can_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o security_n of_o his_o subject_n by_o place_v the_o saxon_n upon_o the_o pict_n wall_n and_o upon_o the_o kentish_a shore_n which_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v secure_v by_o the_o roman_n but_o against_o who_o be_v it_o not_o against_o these_o very_a saxon_n and_o be_v it_o the_o best_a way_n to_o secure_v the_o flock_n to_o set_v the_o wolf_n to_o watch_v they_o if_o they_o have_v the_o command_n of_o those_o shore_n can_v not_o they_o let_v in_o what_o number_n they_o please_v of_o their_o own_o people_n to_o strengthen_v themselves_o against_o the_o britain_n and_o be_v this_o for_o the_o people_n security_n what_o success_n have_v there_o be_v in_o that_o age_n in_o let_v in_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n upon_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o what_o can_v be_v expect_v in_o such_o a_o condition_n as_o the_o britain_n be_v in_o otherwise_o than_o what_o do_v happen_v when_o a_o fierce_a ungovernable_a military_a people_n be_v call_v in_o to_o defend_v a_o nation_n so_o long_o keep_v under_o and_o whole_o almost_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o exercise_n of_o brutish_a valour_n and_o unexperienced_a in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n especial_o when_o the_o air_n situation_n fruitfulness_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o conveniency_n be_v so_o much_o above_o those_o of_o the_o country_n which_o they_o come_v from_o so_o that_o gildas_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o reason_n when_o he_o attribute_n this_o act_n of_o vortigern_n with_o a_o respect_n to_o the_o nation_n to_o mere_a sottishness_n and_o infatuation_n 3._o witikindus_n tell_v a_o formal_a story_n of_o a_o speech_n make_v by_o the_o british_a ambassador_n to_o the_o saxon_n wherein_o they_o magnify_v the_o saxon_n courage_n and_o lament_v their_o own_o misery_n and_o in_o short_a tell_v they_o if_o they_o will_v come_v and_o help_v they_o their_o land_n and_o themselves_o will_v be_v at_o their_o service_n for_o they_o know_v none_o more_o worthy_a to_o command_v they_o since_o the_o roman_n have_v leave_v they_o but_o neither_o bede_n nor_o ethelwerd_v although_o both_o saxon_n mention_v the_o least_o promise_n of_o submission_n and_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o their_o quarrel_n with_o the_o britain_n afterward_o that_o they_o come_v as_o mercenary_a soldier_n upon_o promise_n of_o pay_n for_o 23._o gildas_n say_v the_o first_o pretence_n of_o quarrel_v be_v for_o great_a allowance_n which_o he_o call_v their_o epimenia_n and_o bede_n annonae_fw-la which_o show_v upon_o what_o term_n they_o come_v and_o witikindus_n himself_o make_v no_o other_o pretence_n for_o their_o rise_n against_o the_o britain_n but_o that_o the_o country_n please_v they_o and_o they_o find_v they_o be_v able_a to_o subdue_v the_o inhabitant_n for_o after_o hengist_n and_o his_o company_n have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o it_o they_o never_o leave_v wheedle_v that_o weak_a and_o vicious_a king_n as_o all_o describe_v he_o with_o fair_a promise_n and_o necessity_n of_o more_o succour_n to_o secure_v himself_o and_o to_o defend_v his_o country_n till_o they_o have_v by_o degree_n get_v over_o strength_n enough_o to_o bid_v defiance_n to_o the_o britain_n at_o first_o they_o seem_v very_o zealous_a and_o hearty_a against_o their_o common_a enemy_n and_o do_v great_a service_n in_o beat_v the_o pict_n and_o scot_n insomuch_o that_o 5._o buchanan_n confess_v they_o be_v drive_v beyond_o adrian_n be_v wall_n and_o some_o think_v their_o king_n eugenius_n be_v then_o kill_v 14._o fordon_n say_v they_o go_v into_o albany_n and_o bring_v away_o great_a booty_n from_o thence_o and_o confess_v that_o he_o find_v in_o a_o certain_a history_n that_o he_o be_v kill_v south_n of_o humber_n by_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o english_a and_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o imagine_v how_o insolent_a such_o a_o barbarous_a people_n will_v grow_v upon_o their_o success_n when_o they_o know_v the_o britain_n dare_v not_o oppose_v they_o 15._o bede_n say_v that_o they_o enter_v into_o a_o secret_a league_n with_o the_o
pict_n and_o the_o scot_n after_o they_o have_v beat_v they_o and_o then_o take_v occasion_n to_o quarrel_v with_o the_o britain_n only_a they_o still_o endeavour_v to_o keep_v vortigern_n firm_a to_o they_o to_o this_o purpose_n 37._o nennius_n tell_v the_o story_n of_o hengist_n fair_a daughter_n rovena_n and_o how_o vortigern_n be_v ensnare_v by_o she_o to_o the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o britain_n hector_n boethius_n say_v that_o vodinus_n bishop_n of_o london_n be_v kill_v by_o hengist_n for_o reprove_v vortigern_n for_o that_o marriage_n but_o we_o must_v not_o be_v too_o strict_a upon_o hector_n to_o put_v he_o to_o produce_v his_o voucher_n and_o the_o 1._o british_a history_n add_v that_o hengist_n be_v a_o subtle_a man_n insinuate_v still_o into_o vortigern_n that_o his_o own_o people_n do_v not_o love_v he_o and_o that_o they_o will_v depose_v he_o and_o set_v up_o aurelius_n ambrose_n and_o by_o such_o art_n they_o widen_v the_o distance_n between_o he_o and_o his_o people_n when_o they_o design_v nothing_o less_o than_o the_o destruction_n of_o both_o it_o be_v certain_a by_o what_o gildas_n and_o bede_n have_v leave_v that_o these_o heat_n soon_o break_v out_o into_o open_a flame_n to_o the_o ruin_n and_o desolation_n of_o the_o country_n but_o how_o the_o war_n begin_v and_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v first_o manage_v on_o the_o british_a side_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a but_o 3â—_n nennius_n say_v that_o when_o vortigern_n be_v wickedness_n grow_v so_o great_a as_o to_o marry_v his_o own_o daughter_n he_o be_v condemn_v in_o solemn_a council_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n both_o clergy_n and_o laity_n and_o upon_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o noble_n he_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o affair_n to_o a_o private_a castle_n but_o the_o 2._o british_a history_n make_v it_o worse_o viz._n that_o the_o britain_n forsake_v he_o and_o set_v up_o his_o son_n vortimer_n who_o behave_v himself_o with_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n against_o the_o saxon_n and_o then_o reckon_v up_o four_o battle_n which_o he_o fight_v with_o they_o the_o first_o upon_o the_o derwent_n the_o second_o at_o episford_n or_o rather_o alesford_n the_o three_o upon_o the_o seashore_n when_o he_o drive_v they_o into_o their_o ship_n and_o so_o home_o but_o the_o four_o be_v not_o mention_v after_o which_o geffrey_n relate_v vortimer_n being_n poison_v by_o his_o mother-in-law_n and_o the_o restore_n of_o vortigern_n and_o his_o call_n for_o the_o saxon_n back_o again_o 45._o nennius_n speak_v of_o vortimer_n fight_v with_o hengist_n and_o horsus_n and_o add_v his_o success_n to_o have_v be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o have_v drive_v they_o into_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n and_o that_o there_o he_o besiege_v and_o beat_v and_o terrify_v they_o to_o that_o degree_n that_o they_o send_v into_o germany_n for_o fresh_a succour_n by_o which_o they_o be_v enable_v to_o manage_v the_o war_n with_o various_a success_n against_o the_o britain_n and_o then_o reckon_v up_o the_o three_o battle_n just_a as_o geffrey_n do_v only_o the_o last_o he_o say_v be_v upon_o the_o seashore_n juxta_fw-la lapidem_fw-la tituli_fw-la a_o little_a after_o which_o he_o say_v that_o vortimer_n die_v without_o any_o mention_n of_o poison_n but_o he_o say_v before_o his_o death_n he_o give_v command_v to_o have_v his_o body_n bury_v on_o the_o seashore_n where_o the_o saxon_n flee_v which_o be_v neglect_v and_o to_o which_o nennius_n impute_v their_o return_n after_o which_o they_o can_v never_o be_v drive_v out_o because_o as_o he_o say_v it_o be_v the_o divine_a pleasure_n more_o than_o their_o own_o valour_n which_o make_v they_o settle_v here_o and_o it_o be_v he_o that_o order_n and_o rule_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o who_o can_v resist_v his_o will_n it_o be_v plain_a by_o all_o this_o that_o nennius_n consult_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a and_o nowhere_o use_v that_o freedom_n which_o gildas_n do_v in_o set_v forth_o the_o great_a sin_n among_o they_o which_o provoke_v god_n to_o punish_v they_o in_o so_o severe_a a_o manner_n the_o place_n where_o vortimer_n desire_v to_o be_v bury_v be_v call_v by_o nennius_n lapis_fw-la tituli_fw-la from_o whence_o 240._o camden_n and_o archbishop_n 413._o usher_n conceive_v it_o to_o be_v stonar_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n near_a richborrow_n but_o nennius_n say_v only_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o french_a sea_n from_o whence_o mr._n ms._n somner_n rather_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v folkstone_n in_o kent_n because_o of_o its_o lofty_a situation_n whereas_o stonar_n lie_v in_o a_o low_a and_o flat_a level_n apt_a to_o inundation_n but_o than_o nennius_n must_v have_v mistake_v lapis_fw-la tituli_fw-la for_o lapis_n populi_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v nennius_n be_v guilty_a of_o great_a mistake_n than_o that_o but_o he_o far_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o ancient_a record_n the_o name_n be_v not_o stonar_n but_o estonar_n which_o signify_v the_o eastern_a border_n shore_n or_o coast._n 454._o matthew_z of_o westminster_n give_v this_o account_n of_o these_o proceed_n that_o the_o british_a nobility_n forsake_v vortigern_n set_v up_o vortimer_n who_o with_o their_o assistence_n pursue_v the_o saxon_n to_o derwent_n and_o there_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v darent_fw-la in_o kent_n thence_o dartford_n as_o 233._o camden_n observe_v be_v the_o same_o with_o darenford_n but_o he_o make_v vortigern_n to_o have_v flee_v away_o with_o the_o saxon_a army_n and_o to_o have_v give_v they_o all_o the_o assistence_n he_o can_v and_o then_o say_v he_o vortimer_n begin_v to_o restore_v the_o britain_n possession_n to_o they_o and_o to_o rebuild_v their_o church_n and_o to_o show_v kindness_n to_o the_o churchman_n the_o next_o year_n he_o say_v the_o saxon_n fight_v again_o with_o the_o britain_n at_o ailesford_n and_o after_o a_o sharp_a fight_n the_o saxon_n flee_v and_o great_a multitude_n of_o they_o be_v slay_v not_o long_o after_o vortimer_n with_o his_o brother_n catigern_n and_o pascentius_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o britain_n make_v war_n with_o the_o saxon_n and_o in_o battle_n catigern_n be_v kill_v by_o horsus_n and_o horsus_n by_o vortimer_n upon_o which_o the_o saxon_a army_n flee_v the_o next_o year_n he_o say_v hengist_n fight_v three_o battle_n with_o vortimer_n and_o at_o last_o he_o be_v force_v to_o go_v back_o into_o germany_n and_o four_o year_n after_o vortimer_n say_v he_o be_v poison_v anno_fw-la dom._n 460._o and_o bury_v in_o london_n and_o then_o vortigern_n recall_v the_o saxon_n 1._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v that_o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n agree_v for_o seven_o year_n after_o their_o land_n and_o then_o vortimer_n find_v their_o deceit_n incense_v his_o father_n and_o the_o britain_n against_o they_o and_o so_o for_o twenty_o year_n there_o be_v continual_a war_n and_o light_a skirmish_n and_o four_o pitch_a battle_n in_o the_o first_o he_o make_v their_o fortune_n equal_a horsa_n be_v kill_v on_o one_o side_n and_o catigis_fw-la on_o the_o other_o in_o the_o rest_n the_o saxon_n be_v always_o superior_a and_o vortimer_n dead_a a_o peace_n be_v make_v and_o so_o the_o britain_n affair_n go_v ill_a till_o ambrose_n recover_v they_o 2._o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n relate_v this_o story_n after_o a_o different_a manner_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o vortigern_n after_o the_o marriage_n of_o hengist_n daughter_n be_v so_o hate_v that_o he_o withdraw_v to_o the_o mountain_n and_o wood_n and_o that_o he_o and_o his_o castle_n be_v consume_v together_o after_o which_o ambrose_n aurelianus_n with_o vortigern_n two_o son_n vortimer_n and_o catiger_n fight_v the_o saxon_n and_o he_o make_v the_o first_o battle_n at_o ailestreu_n or_o elstree_n the_o next_o after_o vortimer_n death_n at_o creganford_n or_o crayford_n in_o which_o he_o say_v the_o britain_n be_v quite_o beat_v out_o of_o kent_n and_o from_o thence_o he_o begin_v the_o saxon_n kingdom_n of_o kent_n the_o next_o he_o say_v be_v at_o wippedsflede_n which_o be_v so_o terrible_a on_o both_o side_n that_o from_o thence_o he_o say_v that_o the_o saxon_n and_o britain_n do_v not_o disturb_v each_o other_o for_o a_o great_a while_n they_o remain_v within_o kent_n and_o the_o britain_n quarrel_v among_o themselves_o 455._o florentius_n wigorniensis_n therein_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n that_o he_o make_v the_o battle_n at_o aegelsthrep_n to_o have_v be_v between_o vortigern_n and_o hengist_n but_o he_o say_v after_o the_o battle_n at_o creccanford_n the_o britain_n flee_v to_o london_n and_o leave_v kent_n to_o the_o saxon_n wherein_o he_o follow_v the_o saxon_a annal_n as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o account_n of_o the_o two_o other_o battle_n that_o at_o wippedsfleot_n and_o that_o which_o he_o call_v the_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o britain_n
very_o rude_a and_o the_o inscription_n very_o plain_a and_o therefore_o more_o likely_a to_o be_v true_a hic_fw-la iaceo_fw-la sepultus_fw-la inclitus_n rex_fw-la arturius_n in_o insula_fw-la avalonia_n where_o be_v all_o the_o noble_a title_n give_v he_o in_o the_o british_a history_n and_o contain_v in_o the_o inscription_n about_o his_o seal_n patricius_n arturius_n britanniae_fw-la galliae_fw-la germaniae_fw-la daciae_fw-la imperator_fw-la so_o much_o great_a a_o man_n be_v arthur_n live_v when_o he_o use_v this_o seal_n than_o dead_a when_o so_o mean_v a_o inscription_n be_v put_v upon_o the_o low_a part_n of_o his_o leaden_a coffin_n how_o soon_o be_v all_o his_o great_a title_n forget_v but_o since_o leland_n sir_n john_n 109._o price_n have_v undertake_v to_o vindicate_v the_o story_n of_o king_n arthur_n and_o the_o first_o argument_n he_o use_v be_v from_o the_o inscription_n on_o his_o coffin_n and_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o letter_n but_o the_o modesty_n of_o the_o inscription_n be_v a_o better_a argument_n to_o i_o for_o if_o the_o monk_n design_v a_o cheat_n in_o heu_n ii_o his_o time_n and_o lay_v this_o coffin_n there_o on_o purpose_n to_o deceive_v they_o may_v counterfeit_v such_o letter_n but_o they_o can_v never_o have_v hold_v from_o speak_v more_o glorious_a thing_n of_o so_o great_a a_o hero_n then_o he_o produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o nennius_n 117._o malmsbury_n and_o huntingdon_n and_o prove_v that_o these_o two_o can_v not_o take_v out_o of_o geffrey_n that_o they_o do_v not_o i_o grant_v but_o the_o other_o be_v not_o prove_v 120._o the_o verse_n of_o thaliessin_n who_o he_o say_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o maglocunus_fw-la mention_v by_o gildas_n do_v prove_v that_o arthur_n command_v in_o the_o battle_n at_o badon_n hill_n which_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o question_v but_o polydore_v virgil_n will_v have_v aurelius_n ambrose_n to_o do_v it_o which_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o believe_v beside_o he_o quote_v old_a british_a chronicle_n 121._o which_o reckon_v from_o vortigern_n to_o the_o battle_n on_o badon_n hill_n wherein_o arthur_n beat_v the_o saxon_n 128_o year_n from_o that_o battle_n to_o the_o battle_n at_o camblan_n wherein_o arthur_n be_v kill_v 22_o year_n and_o he_o find_v the_o name_n of_o arthur_n in_o many_o ancient_a british_a poem_n and_o in_o the_o old_a register_n of_o landaff_n 125._o but_o that_o only_o prove_v there_o be_v one_o arthur_n who_o son_n be_v name_n be_v no_o but_o what_o be_v more_o material_a he_o find_v some_o passage_n agree_v with_o geffrey_n in_o the_o old_a chronicle_n of_o st._n david_n and_o caermardin_a 128._o as_o to_o his_o fight_v against_o lucius_n hiberus_n in_o burgundy_n and_o the_o battle_n at_o camblan_n but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o these_o chronicle_n be_v before_o geffrey_n time_n 129._o as_o to_o king_n arthur_n be_v crown_n and_o seal_n they_o may_v go_v together_o but_o as_o to_o gildas_n his_o silence_n from_o whence_o some_o will_v prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o person_n he_o answer_v from_o giraldus_n that_o arthur_n have_v kill_v his_o brother_n hoel_n 141._o he_o purposely_o leave_v he_o out_o which_o be_v no_o clear_a answer_n for_o if_o gildas_n do_v this_o in_o revenge_n he_o will_v rather_o have_v mention_v his_o cruelty_n as_o we_o see_v he_o spare_v not_o the_o king_n of_o his_o own_o time_n but_o his_o better_a answer_n be_v that_o gildas_n design_v no_o history_n but_o a_o serious_a exhortation_n to_o the_o britain_n to_o repent_v of_o their_o sin_n and_o therefore_o pass_v over_o other_o thing_n only_o by_o the_o by_o mention_v ambrose_n aurelianus_n and_o address_n himself_o to_o his_o main_a business_n which_o be_v reason_n enough_o why_o he_o never_o name_v king_n arthur_n joh._n 25._o fordon_n follow_v geffrey_n as_o far_o as_o he_o think_v consistent_a with_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o country_n this_o appear_v in_o the_o story_n of_o king_n arthur_n for_o he_o say_v he_o be_v set_v up_o by_o a_o faction_n against_o the_o lawful_a heir_n who_o be_v mordred_n and_o walwan_n the_o son_n of_o uther_n be_v daughter_n by_o loath_a than_o a_o great_a man_n in_o scotland_n but_o descend_v from_o fulgentius_n but_o he_o after_o excuse_v it_o on_o the_o account_n of_o necessity_n which_o dubricius_n allege_v they_o be_v then_o under_o age_n so_o much_o as_o not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o go_v into_o the_o field_n but_o he_o justify_v mordred_n rebellion_n afterward_o against_o arthur_n on_o this_o ground_n that_o he_o have_v the_o right_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n 164._o hector_n boethius_n say_v that_o lothius_fw-la put_v in_o his_o claim_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o regency_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o his_o son_n but_o the_o britain_n woo_a by_o no_o mean_n hear_v of_o stranger_n come_v to_o their_o crown_n and_o so_o arthur_n take_v possession_n of_o it_o who_o first_o conquer_v the_o saxon_n 10_o mile_n from_o london_n then_o take_v london_n which_o it_o seem_v the_o saxon_n have_v before_o and_o so_o go_v towards_o humber_n and_o then_o he_o go_v on_o with_o the_o british_a history_n only_o intersperse_v some_o news_n of_o his_o own_o particular_o he_o tell_v what_o a_o profane_a christmas_n arthur_n keep_v with_o his_o noble_n at_o york_n for_o thirteen_o day_n together_o and_o that_o such_o jollity_n and_o feast_v then_o have_v its_o original_n from_o he_o 44._o buchanan_n be_v so_o please_v with_o this_o notable_a observation_n that_o he_o set_v it_o down_o for_o good_a history_n say_v upon_o it_o that_o the_o old_a saturnalia_fw-la be_v renew_v only_o the_o day_n increase_v and_o saturn_n be_v name_n change_v to_o caesar_n be_v for_o say_v he_o we_o call_v that_o feast_n julia_n but_o why_o shall_v the_o name_n of_o saturn_n be_v change_v into_o caesar_n be_v he_o worship_v for_o a_o god_n among_o the_o british_a christian_n as_o saturn_n be_v among_o the_o old_a pagan_n but_o the_o name_n julia_n import_v it_o by_o no_o mean_n for_o buchanan_n do_v not_o prove_v that_o this_o name_n be_v ever_o use_v for_o that_o festival_n among_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o saxon_n who_o bring_v in_o both_o the_o feast_n and_o the_o name_n give_v another_o reason_n for_o it_o for_o 13._o bede_n say_v that_o december_n be_v call_v giuli_n from_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o day_n and_o giul_a as_o 5._o loccenius_n observe_v signify_v a_o wheel_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o turn_v round_o in_o the_o gothick_n language_n at_o which_o time_n among_o the_o northern_a nation_n the_o feast_n of_o the_o new_a year_n be_v observe_v with_o more_o than_o ordinary_a jollity_n thence_o as_o 12._o olaus_n wormius_n and_o 16._o scheffer_n observe_v they_o reckon_v their_o age_n by_o so_o many_o iôla_n and_o snorro_n sturleson_n describe_v this_o new-year_n feast_n just_a as_o buchanan_n set_v out_o the_o british_a saturnalia_fw-la by_o feast_v and_o send_v present_n or_o new-year_n gift_n to_o one_o another_o thence_o some_o think_v the_o name_n of_o this_o feast_n be_v take_v from_o iôla_n which_o in_o the_o gothick_n language_n signify_v to_o make_v merry_a but_o 125._o olaus_n rudbeck_n think_v the_o former_a more_o proper_a not_o only_o from_o bede_n authority_n but_o because_o in_o the_o old_a runick_a fasti_fw-la a_o wheel_n be_v use_v to_o denote_v that_o festival_n and_o as_o he_o observe_v this_o festival_n continue_v twelve_o day_n from_o their_o first_o of_o the_o juul_n the_o true_a reason_n whereof_o be_v as_o olaus_n rudbeck_n at_o large_a prove_n 100_o from_o the_o joy_n they_o have_v at_o the_o hope_n of_o the_o return_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o which_o time_n they_o make_v solemn_a sacrifice_n to_o the_o sun_n but_o after_o christianity_n prevail_v all_o their_o idolatrous_a sacrifice_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o this_o time_n of_o feast_v be_v join_v with_o the_o religious_a solemnity_n of_o that_o season_n which_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v observe_v by_o christian_n which_o be_v certain_o a_o very_a different_a thing_n from_o the_o roman_a saturnalia_fw-la although_o buchanan_n think_v fit_a to_o parallel_v they_o but_o to_o proceed_v with_o the_o story_n of_o king_n arthur_n as_o it_o be_v in_o buchanan_n who_o take_v his_o material_n from_o hector_n and_o put_v they_o into_o a_o fine_a dress_n arthur_n he_o say_v make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o lothus_n bring_v his_o son_n to_o he_o and_o then_o a_o resolution_n be_v take_v to_o drive_v out_o the_o saxon_n and_o to_o restore_v christianity_n then_o follow_v the_o battle_n against_o colgrin_n of_o which_o before_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o arthur_n battle_n but_o upon_o the_o whole_a he_o conclude_v that_o geffrey_n be_v relation_n have_v no_o colour_n of_o truth_n and_o yet_o he_o
make_v use_v of_o no_o other_o but_o where_o he_o follow_v hector_n own_o invention_n the_o remainder_n of_o his_o story_n be_v that_o thing_n be_v quiet_v here_o arthur_n go_v over_o into_o lesser_n britain_n and_o leave_v the_o government_n to_o his_o nephew_n mordred_n but_o while_o he_o be_v abroad_o some_o have_v prevail_v with_o he_o to_o declare_v constantine_n the_o son_n of_o cador_n his_o successor_n be_v bear_v in_o britain_n which_o be_v do_v mordred_n set_v up_o for_o himself_o and_o in_o a_o battle_n about_o humber_n say_v he_o mordred_n be_v kill_v and_o arthur_n mortal_o wound_v thus_o buchanan_n have_v pick_v what_o he_o think_v fit_a out_o of_o hector_n conclude_v with_o a_o bitter_a invective_n against_o the_o fabulous_a relation_n about_o arthur_n but_o he_o give_v he_o a_o extraordinary_a character_n say_v he_o be_v certain_o a_o great_a man_n of_o mighty_a courage_n and_o wonderful_a kindness_n to_o his_o country_n preserve_v they_o from_o slavery_n and_o keep_v up_o or_o restore_v the_o true_a religion_n and_o that_o be_v the_o subject_a i_o be_o now_o to_o consider_v viz._n the_o state_n of_o religion_n here_o in_o king_n arthur_n be_v day_n it_o be_v under_o great_a persecution_n almost_o wherever_o the_o saxon_n come_v who_o be_v cruel_a both_o to_o the_o body_n and_o soul_n of_o the_o poor_a britain_n most_o of_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a part_n be_v under_o their_o tyranny_n and_o 87._o brian_n twine_n quote_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o matt._n westminster_n which_o be_v not_o so_o full_a in_o the_o print_a copy_n concern_v the_o persecution_n of_o the_o british_a christian_n in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o land_n for_o say_v he_o anno_fw-la dom._n 527._o the_o pagan_n come_v out_o of_o germany_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o east-angle_n &_o omni_fw-la crudelitatis_fw-la genere_fw-la christianos_n affecerunt_fw-la they_o torment_v the_o christian_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o cruelty_n although_o this_o be_v want_v in_o other_o copy_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v reasonable_o presume_v the_o saxon_n use_v the_o british_a christian_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n in_o the_o most_o place_n where_o they_o prevail_v it_o be_v true_a that_o 2._o malmsbury_n say_v many_o of_o the_o britain_n submit_v to_o cerdic_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o be_v the_o better_o use_v for_o do_v so_o tho._n 1._o rudburn_n say_v that_o cerdic_n allow_v liberty_n of_o profess_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o the_o cornish_a upon_o a_o certain_a tribute_n i_o rather_o think_v that_o cerdic_n never_o go_v so_o far_o but_o leave_v that_o part_n to_o the_o britain_n who_o still_o continue_v there_o for_o in_o gildas_n his_o time_n constantine_n be_v say_v to_o be_v king_n of_o the_o danmonii_n and_o 141._o camden_n observe_v out_o of_o marianus_n scotus_n that_o anno_fw-la dom._n 820._o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n have_v a_o terrible_a fight_n at_o camelford_n in_o cornwall_n which_o leland_n think_v to_o have_v be_v camlan_n where_o king_n arthur_n fight_v with_o mordred_n and_o near_o which_o be_v a_o stone_n say_v mr._n 122._o carew_n which_o bear_v arthur_n be_v name_n but_o now_o call_v atry_n to_o prove_v what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o west-saxon_a kingdom_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o cornwall_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o 2._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n say_v that_o ceaulin_n granchild_n to_o cerdic_n be_v the_o first_o who_o take_v gloucester_n cicester_n and_o bath_n from_o the_o britain_n and_o drive_v they_o thence_o into_o the_o rocky_a and_o woody_n place_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o athelstan_n above_o 400_o year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o cornish_a britain_n do_v inhabit_v in_o exeter_n 6._o and_o be_v drive_v thence_o by_o he_o beyond_o the_o river_n tamar_n and_o confine_v by_o that_o as_o the_o other_z britain_n be_v by_o the_o wye_n this_o show_v that_o the_o britain_n in_o cornwall_n and_o thereabouts_o be_v free_a from_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o west-saxon_a kingdom_n as_o to_o the_o northern_a britain_n 3._o they_o come_v to_o some_o agreement_n after_o a_o while_n with_o oeca_n and_o ebusa_n who_o hengist_n send_v thither_o and_o that_o they_o have_v their_o own_o government_n and_o the_o christian_a religion_n among_o they_o appear_v by_o the_o history_n of_o ceadwalla_n a_o prince_n of_o these_o britain_n in_o 20._o bede_n but_o these_o be_v but_o small_a remnant_n in_o the_o northern_a and_o western_a part_n as_o to_o the_o eastern_a we_o have_v have_v the_o testimony_n of_o matt._n westminster_n already_o and_o although_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-angle_n do_v not_o begin_v till_o afterward_o about_o anno_fw-la dom._n 575._o yet_o in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o cerdic_n about_o anno_fw-la dom._n 517._o huntingdon_n observe_v that_o many_o angles_n or_o saxon_n be_v come_v out_o of_o germany_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o east-angle_n and_o mercia_n and_o wherever_o they_o prevail_v the_o poor_a british_a christian_n suffer_v to_o the_o high_a extremity_n which_o be_v enough_o to_o consider_v man_n to_o overthrow_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o suppose_a diploma_n of_o king_n arthur_n to_o the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n which_o bear_v date_n anno_fw-la dom._n 531._o but_o brian_n twine_n have_v bring_v no_o few_o than_o 15_o argument_n against_o it_o which_o be_v far_o more_o than_o need_v for_o i_o can_v think_v that_o dr._n cajus_n in_o earnest_n believe_v it_o for_o he_o go_v not_o about_o to_o prove_v the_o diploma_n but_o king_n arthur_n and_o i_o can_v think_v it_o any_o honour_n or_o service_n to_o so_o famous_a and_o ancient_a a_o university_n to_o produce_v any_o such_o sespected_a diplomata_fw-la or_o monkish_a legend_n to_o prove_v its_o antiquity_n it_o be_v not_o certain_a in_o who_o possession_n london_n be_v at_o that_o time_n from_o whence_o the_o charter_n be_v date_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a be_v then_o set_v up_o by_o erkinwin_n and_o london_n common_o be_v under_o that_o and_o that_o kingdom_n as_o 6._o malmsbury_n observe_v have_v the_o same_o limit_n which_o the_o diocese_n of_o london_n now_o have_v viz._n essex_n middlesex_n and_o part_n of_o hartfordshire_n 586._o matt._n westminster_n agree_v that_o middlesex_n be_v under_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a but_o he_o will_v not_o yield_v that_o theonus_n bishop_n of_o london_n do_v retire_v with_o his_o clergy_n into_o wales_n till_o anno_fw-la dom._n 586._o and_o then_o he_o confess_v that_o he_o and_o thadioc_n bishop_n of_o york_n when_o they_o see_v all_o their_o church_n demolish_v or_o turn_v into_o idol_n temple_n do_v for_o their_o security_n retire_v thither_o and_o there_o be_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n keep_v up_o even_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n arthur_n there_o flourish_v the_o school_n of_o literature_n set_v up_o by_o dubricius_n and_o iltutus_n and_o there_o be_v the_o person_n of_o great_a reputation_n for_o learning_n and_o sanctity_n in_o the_o british_a church_n such_o as_o dubricius_n iltutus_n paulinus_n gundleus_n cadocus_n samson_n paternus_n daniel_n and_o st._n david_n above_o the_o rest_n who_o reputation_n continue_v to_o this_o day_n and_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o saxon_a church_n of_o britain_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o breviary_n of_o salisbury_n where_o nine_o lesson_n be_v appoint_v upon_o his_o day_n and_o 263._o maihew_n observe_v that_o this_o be_v by_o a_o provincial_a constitution_n in_o the_o province_n of_o canterbury_n but_o the_o nine_o lesson_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o legend_n of_o his_o life_n a_o little_a be_v add_v at_o the_o end_n concern_v his_o death_n it_o be_v the_o just_a complaint_n of_o 5._o bollandus_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o extant_a concern_v he_o which_o be_v write_v near_o his_o own_o time_n and_o what_o be_v extant_a have_v many_o fabulous_a mixture_n so_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n the_o old_a ms._n of_o his_o life_n he_o say_v be_v that_o of_o vtretcht_a which_o he_o have_v publish_v the_o next_o he_o account_v be_v that_o in_o colganus_n which_o he_o will_v have_v think_v to_o be_v the_o life_n write_v by_o ricemarchus_n quote_v by_o archbishop_n 844._o usher_n who_o he_o suppose_v to_o have_v live_v before_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la who_o transcribe_v much_o out_o of_o he_o but_o colganus_n withal_o intimate_v that_o the_o life_n be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o old_a book_n wherein_o augustin_n macraidin_n the_o author_n of_o the_o annal_n of_o ulster_n have_v write_v many_o thing_n and_o probable_o may_v write_v that_o too_o and_o to_o confirm_v this_o bollandus_n observe_v only_o a_o little_a difference_n in_o style_n between_o this_o and_o the_o vtretcht_a ms._n but_o if_o we_o add_v to_o these_o giraldus_n his_o life_n with_o that_o of_o john_n of_o tinmouth_n or_o capgrave_n we_o
gaul_n so_o that_o if_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o julian_n they_o quick_o return_v and_o fix_v their_o habitation_n by_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o salii_fw-la who_o be_v frank_n do_v in_o taxandria_n which_o be_v more_o within_o land_n and_o where_o as_o 8._o godfrey_n wendelin_n have_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v the_o salic_a law_n be_v first_o make_v which_o taxandria_n according_a to_o he_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o maes_n on_o the_o east_n and_o north_n by_o the_o tamera_n on_o the_o south_n and_o by_o the_o scheld_v on_o the_o west_n and_o here_o upon_o submission_n the_o frank_n be_v permit_v to_o live_v and_o this_o be_v thence_o forward_o call_v francia_n minor_n 11._o and_o he_o mention_n a_o place_n there_o still_o call_v vranrijck_n the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n but_o a_o very_a small_a one_o and_o other_o call_v seilberg_n the_o mountain_n of_o the_o salii_fw-la seelbendens_fw-la the_o salian_a meadow_n seleheim_fw-ge the_o house_n of_o the_o salii_fw-la 13._o but_o the_o other_o frank_n be_v by_o stilicho_n mean_n drive_v out_o of_o their_o possession_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n they_o come_v into_o the_o part_n about_o tongre_n near_o to_o taxandria_n and_o there_o join_v in_o one_o body_n and_o set_v up_o king_n among_o themselves_o as_o he_o show_v from_o gregorious_a turonensis_n and_o then_o they_o make_v that_o body_n of_o law_n call_v the_o salic_a law_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o saxon_n 1._o vbbo_n emmius_n a_o learned_a and_o judicious_a historian_n give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n who_o inhabit_v on_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o germany_n the_o frisii_n dwell_v from_o the_o middle_a stream_n of_o the_o rhine_n about_o vtrecht_n to_o the_o river_n amasus_n eems_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o elb_n live_v the_o chauci_n divide_v into_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a by_o the_o weser_n a_o great_a part_n of_o these_o leave_v their_o native_a soil_n join_v with_o the_o sicambri_n on_o the_o rhine_n who_o from_o their_o affect_a liberty_n be_v call_v frank_n beyond_o the_o elb_n be_v the_o saxon_n and_o the_o cimbri_n these_o saxon_n be_v press_v by_o the_o more_o northern_a people_n or_o for_o their_o own_o conveniency_n come_v southwards_o and_o take_v possession_n first_o of_o those_o place_n where_o the_o chauci_n dwell_v and_o by_o degree_n prevail_v all_o the_o other_o people_n who_o join_v with_o or_o submit_v to_o the_o saxon_n be_v call_v by_o their_o name_n 3._o and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o frisii_n from_o who_o coast_n he_o suppose_v the_o two_o brother_n hengist_n and_o horsa_n to_o have_v go_v into_o britain_n and_o return_v thither_o carry_v over_o a_o far_o great_a number_n with_o they_o not_o so_o much_o to_o fight_v as_o to_o inhabit_v there_o he_o think_v it_o most_o probable_a that_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n by_o their_o descent_n be_v original_o saxon_n but_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n who_o go_v over_o with_o they_o be_v rather_o frisian_n than_o saxon_n which_o he_o prove_v not_o only_o from_o the_o great_a facility_n of_o passage_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o friesland_n and_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o own_o annal_n but_o from_o the_o great_a agreement_n of_o the_o english_a language_n with_o they_o than_o with_o the_o saxon_a or_o any_o other_o german_a dialect_n and_o because_o 10._o bede_n reckon_v the_o frisian_n among_o those_o from_o who_o the_o english_a be_v derive_v and_o wilfrid_n wickbert_n willibrord_n preach_v to_o the_o frisian_n in_o their_o own_o tongue_n as_o he_o prove_v from_o marcellinus_n his_o life_n of_o suîdbert_n and_o procopius_n reckon_v the_o frisian_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o britain_n but_o he_o say_v far_a that_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o language_n continue_v still_o so_o very_o great_a that_o from_o thence_o he_o conclude_v many_o more_o to_o have_v go_v out_o of_o friesland_n into_o britain_n than_o either_o of_o the_o saxon_n jute_n or_o angles_n but_o to_o all_o this_o our_o learned_a 400._o primate_n answer_v that_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n may_v be_v true_a frisian_n there_o be_v a_o frisia_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o jutland_n which_o saxon_a grammaticus_n call_v the_o lesser_a frisia_n and_o be_v part_v by_o the_o eidore_n from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la on_o the_o east_n and_o of_o the_o saxon_n on_o the_o south_n but_o whatever_o suffridus_n petrus_n or_o such_o author_n contend_v for_o as_o to_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n be_v original_o frisian_n vbbo_n emmius_n quit_v that_o point_n upon_o 15._o bede_n genealogy_n and_o grant_v they_o be_v saxon_n be_v the_o son_n of_o victgilsus_fw-la who_o father_n be_v vitta_fw-la the_o son_n of_o vecta_n who_o father_n be_v voden_a of_o who_o race_n the_o king_n of_o many_o province_n be_v descend_v it_o do_v not_o seem_v at_o all_o probable_a that_o these_o live_v in_o the_o lesser_a frisia_n which_o be_v hardly_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o any_o but_o by_o 14._o saxon_a grammaticus_n and_o daniae_n pontanus_n tell_v we_o be_v not_o above_o four_o german_a mile_n in_o length_n upon_o the_o seashore_n but_o suppose_v that_o saxon_a comprehend_v dithmar_n under_o it_o yet_o we_o have_v no_o certainty_n that_o the_o colony_n of_o frisian_n be_v remove_v thither_o before_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n come_v for_o britain_n and_o helmoldus_n seem_v to_o imply_v that_o it_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o adolphus_n ii_o count_n of_o holstein_n about_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1137._o but_o the_o question_n be_v not_o concern_v hengist_n and_o horsa_n but_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o people_n which_o may_v be_v still_o of_o the_o great_a frisia_n for_o which_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o language_n be_v a_o considerable_a argument_n which_o do_v not_o depend_v mere_o upon_o the_o credit_n of_o marcellinus_n his_o life_n of_o suîdbert_n but_o upon_o the_o probability_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o since_o several_a english_a go_v thither_o to_o preach_v and_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o language_n continue_v so_o great_a still_o it_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n to_o prove_v either_o that_o the_o frisian_n come_v over_o hither_o or_o that_o the_o frisian_a and_o saxon_a language_n be_v then_o the_o same_o and_o 20._o procopius_n his_o testimony_n be_v not_o to_o be_v slight_v who_o place_n the_o frisian_n in_o britain_n for_o although_o he_o call_v it_o brettia_n it_o be_v certain_a he_o mean_v great_a britain_n because_o he_o place_v the_o angles_n together_o with_o the_o frisian_n in_o it_o so_o that_o he_o may_v as_o well_o question_v the_o angle_n as_o the_o frisian_n come_v hither_o if_o procopius_n his_o authority_n signify_v any_o thing_n i_o know_v that_o our_o most_o learned_a 419._o primate_n take_v this_o brettia_n for_o the_o island_n of_o the_o batavi_n because_o joh._n leidensis_n say_v that_o upon_o the_o saxon_n invasion_n some_o of_o the_o britain_n flee_v into_o holland_n and_o there_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rhine_n build_v that_o famous_a castle_n call_v britton_n and_o subdue_v the_o people_n thereabouts_o but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v very_o improbable_a for_o any_o one_o that_o look_v into_o the_o description_n of_o it_o in_o etc._n scriverius_n his_o antiquitates_fw-la batavicae_fw-la will_v conclude_v it_o to_o have_v be_v a_o roman_a work_n which_o a_o person_n of_o his_o judgement_n can_v not_o but_o discern_v but_o he_o say_v it_o be_v possess_v then_o by_o the_o britain_n which_o depend_v whole_o on_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o joh._n gerbrandus_fw-la of_o leyden_n who_o be_v a_o late_a writer_n and_o of_o no_o great_a esteem_n with_o he_o as_o appear_v by_o many_o passage_n in_o his_o book_n but_o how_o come_v the_o angle_n to_o live_v here_o with_o the_o frisian_n and_o britain_n for_o that_o the_o same_o gerbrandus_fw-la be_v cite_v who_o say_v that_o when_o part_n of_o hengist_n be_v army_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o britain_n they_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o leyden_n and_o so_o we_o have_v the_o britain_n dwell_n there_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o saxon_n drive_v out_o by_o the_o britain_n only_a to_o make_v this_o to_o be_v the_o island_n brettia_n in_o procopius_n distinct_a from_o great_a britain_n but_o to_o proceed_v 3._o adamus_n bremensis_n who_o live_v near_o to_o jutland_n say_v that_o the_o saxon_n who_o go_v over_o into_o britain_n live_v near_o the_o rhine_n 111._o engelhusius_n late_o publish_v out_o of_o mss._n by_o maderus_n and_o who_o live_v in_o the_o low_a saxony_n say_v that_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n go_v out_o of_o westphalia_n from_o a_o place_n call_v enghere_o and_o instead_o of_o engerschen_n call_v themselves_o engelschen_n 15._o suffridus_n petrus_n say_v those_o people_n be_v call_v angrivarii_n and_o the_o country_n angria_n which_o be_v subdue_v by_o udolphus_fw-la father_n to_o hengist_n and_o horsa_n and_o prince_n of_o frisia_n but_o their_o mother_n
consider_v it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o the_o saxon_n before_o that_o time_n be_v come_v near_o to_o the_o rhine_n and_o so_o have_v great_a conveniency_n of_o remove_v themselves_o over_o in_o such_o great_a number_n into_o britain_n as_o they_o do_v upon_o vortigern_n invitation_n and_o the_o discontent_n which_o soon_o happen_v between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o britain_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o those_o who_o enlarge_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o saxon_n do_v take_v notice_n of_o a_o difference_n in_o their_o situation_n agreeable_a to_o what_o bede_n say_v for_o 11._o reinerus_n reineccius_n a_o learned_a german_a antiquary_n say_v the_o saxon_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o sort_n the_o ostvali_n or_o the_o eastern_a saxon_n who_o the_o old_a saxon_a poet_n call_v osterlingi_n who_o limit_n extend_v he_o say_v as_o far_o as_o the_o slavi_n i._n e._n beyond_o the_o river_n elb_n the_o westvali_n who_o bound_n he_o say_v come_v very_o near_o the_o rhine_n and_o between_o these_o he_o say_v be_v the_o angarii_fw-la just_a as_o bede_n put_v his_o angli_fw-la between_o the_o jute_n and_o the_o saxon_n inter_fw-la praedictos_fw-la media_fw-la region_fw-la morantur_fw-la angarii_fw-la populus_fw-la saxonum_n tertius_fw-la if_o this_o division_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v allow_v we_o have_v here_o scope_n enough_o for_o all_o those_o people_n to_o live_v in_o who_o come_v over_o into_o britain_n and_o number_n enough_o to_o come_v hither_o and_o yet_o not_o to_o leave_v the_o place_n desolate_a whence_o they_o come_v and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o the_o northern_a nation_n thrust_v one_o another_o forward_o for_o a_o great_a conveniency_n of_o live_v those_o saxon_n who_o live_v about_o holstein_n may_v come_v into_o westphaliae_fw-la and_o so_o be_v near_o to_o the_o rhine_n the_o angli_fw-la come_v into_o the_o place_n where_o the_o angrivarii_n be_v seat_v and_o the_o most_o remote_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o chersonese_n will_v then_o be_v the_o osterling_n or_o the_o eastern_a saxon_n this_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n seem_v to_o i_o the_o most_o probable_a way_n of_o reconcile_a what_o bede_n say_v with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o those_o time_n and_o with_o the_o frisian_n come_v in_o together_o with_o the_o saxon_n which_o he_o elsewhere_o express_o affirm_v as_o be_v already_o show_v as_o to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n come_v into_o britain_n in_o the_o common_a print_a copy_n of_o bede_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v anno_fw-la dom._n 409._o and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o late_a edition_n by_o chiffletius_n out_o of_o the_o old_a ms._n of_o s._n maximin_n at_o trier_n but_o that_o can_v be_v true_a because_o martianus_n be_v say_v to_o be_v emperor_n at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o in_o the_o chronology_n at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o edition_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v anno_fw-la dom._n 449._o to_o which_o mr._n wheelock_n ms._n agree_v and_o asserius_fw-la menevensis_fw-la in_o his_o annal_n which_o be_v follow_v by_o fabius_n ethelwerd_v the_o old_a saxon_a annal_n william_n of_o malmsbury_n henry_n huntingdon_n matth._n westminster_n and_o other_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n who_o general_o follow_v marianus_n scotus_n place_n it_o in_o the_o follow_a year_n valentinianus_n and_o avienus_n consul_n but_o according_a to_o marianus_n scotus_n in_o the_o basil_n edition_n they_o be_v consul_n the_o year_n before_o martianus_n be_v emperor_n and_o he_o make_v their_o come_n in_o to_o have_v be_v when_o herculanus_n and_o asporatius_fw-la be_v consul_n anno_fw-la dom._n 453._o but_o archbishop_n 405._o usher_n say_v that_o appear_v by_o the_o fasti_fw-la to_o have_v be_v anno_fw-la dom._n 452._o or_o the_o second_o of_o martianus_n by_o cassiodore_n two_o character_n of_o the_o time_n be_v certain_a viz._n that_o it_o be_v after_o the_o three_o consulship_n of_o aêtius_n and_o the_o death_n of_o theodosius_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wonder_v mr._n 95._o camden_n shall_v so_o confident_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v before_o anno_fw-la dom._n 449._o but_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n he_o go_v upon_o which_o must_v be_v consider_v first_o that_o vortigern_n be_v death_n be_v before_o st._n german_n be_v return_v but_o st._n german_a die_v anno_fw-la dom._n 435._o and_o therefore_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o saxon_n must_v be_v some_o time_n before_o as_o to_o vortigern_n death_n before_o st._n german_n return_n he_o produce_v only_o the_o testimony_n of_o nennius_n who_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o vortigern_n do_v romance_n so_o much_o that_o even_o geffrey_n of_o monmouth_n be_v ashamed_a to_o follow_v he_o but_o as_o to_o the_o time_n of_o st._n german_n death_n there_o be_v very_a convince_a argument_n to_o prove_v camden_n mistake_v 112._o honoratus_n in_o the_o life_n of_o hilary_n bishop_n of_o arles_n mention_n st._n german_a as_o present_v when_o chelidonius_n be_v depose_v by_o hilary_n in_o his_o visitation_n which_o 79._o sirmondus_n place_v not_o without_o reason_n anno_fw-la dom._n 444._o as_o appear_v by_o the_o epistle_n of_o leo_n and_o the_o rescript_n of_o valentinian_n upon_o chelidonius_n his_o appeal_n which_o bear_v date_n anno_fw-la dom._n 445._o but_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o considerable_a 21._o bede_n say_v that_o after_o his_o second_o return_n he_o go_v on_o a_o embassy_n to_o ravenna_n and_o be_v there_o kind_o receive_v by_o valentinian_n and_o placidia_n and_o there_o die_v and_o not_o long_o after_o valentinian_n be_v kill_v in_o the_o six_o of_o martianus_n and_o therefore_o st._n german_n death_n can_v not_o be_v so_o soon_o as_o mr._n camden_n suppose_v add_v to_o this_o that_o constantius_n in_o his_o life_n of_o st._n german_n say_v that_o he_o sit_v thirty_o year_n after_o st._n amator_fw-la in_o his_o see_n who_o die_v anno_fw-la dom._n 418._o but_o the_o sammarthani_n say_v anno_fw-la dom._n 420._o as_o to_o the_o testimony_n of_o prosper_n tiro_n who_o say_v that_o britain_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o 18_o the_o of_o theodosius_n it_o plain_o contradict_v gildas_n for_o this_o be_v before_o the_o three_o consulship_n of_o aêtius_n which_o be_v five_o year_n after_o and_o in_o matter_n of_o the_o british_a history_n gildas_n certain_o deserve_v the_o great_a credit_n suppose_v it_o be_v the_o true_a prosper_n his_o last_o argument_n be_v from_o the_o calculation_n at_o the_o end_n of_o nennius_n on_o which_o he_o lay_v the_o great_a weight_n which_o make_v their_o come_n in_o to_o be_v when_o felix_n and_o taurus_n be_v consul_n which_o agree_v with_o anno_fw-la dom._n 428._o but_o this_o be_v near_o twenty_o year_n before_o the_o three_o consulship_n of_o aêtius_n when_o the_o britain_n be_v not_o yet_o in_o despair_n of_o assistence_n from_o the_o roman_n before_o which_o they_o never_o seek_v for_o the_o saxon_n and_o i_o confess_v the_o authority_n of_o gildas_n and_o bede_n with_o the_o series_n of_o the_o british_a and_o roman_a affair_n at_o that_o time_n sway_n much_o more_o with_o i_o than_o such_o a_o anonymous_n calculation_n it_o be_v a_o strange_a mistake_n of_o 143._o hadrianus_n valesius_fw-la to_o make_v vortigern_n king_n of_o the_o angle_n who_o be_v hire_v to_o assist_v the_o britain_n but_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o word_n in_o 14._o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o it_o which_o have_v be_v easy_o prevent_v by_o look_v into_o bede_n and_o so_o have_v another_o mistake_n in_o the_o same_o place_n viz._n that_o only_o the_o angle_n and_o not_o the_o saxon_n be_v invite_v over_o for_o bede_n say_v express_o that_o the_o britain_n with_o their_o king_n vortigern_n agree_v to_o send_v for_o the_o saxon_n but_o it_o be_v a_o three_o mistake_n when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o saxon_n before_o this_o time_n have_v a_o part_n of_o the_o island_n near_o to_o the_o pict_n which_o he_o prove_v from_o the_o word_n of_o constantius_n as_o to_o their_o join_n with_o the_o pict_n in_o one_o of_o their_o battle_n but_o the_o saxon_n do_v frequent_o make_v incursion_n before_o and_o in_o one_o of_o they_o may_v join_v with_o the_o other_o enemy_n of_o the_o britain_n which_o be_v a_o very_a different_a thing_n from_o inhabit_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n which_o we_o have_v no_o evidence_n that_o they_o do_v till_o they_o be_v call_v in_o by_o the_o britain_n the_o saxon_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o invitation_n from_o the_o britain_n be_v unwilling_a to_o let_v slip_n so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n of_o come_v into_o that_o land_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o prince_n and_o people_n who_o shore_n they_o have_v so_o long_o infest_a 14._o bede_n say_v there_o be_v a_o particular_a providence_n of_o god_n in_o it_o to_o make_v they_o the_o scourge_v of_o the_o people_n wickedness_n 23._o gildas_n impute_v it_o to_o mere_a sottishness_n and_o infatuation_n 28._o nennius_n intimate_v