Selected quad for the lemma: country_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
country_n	ancient_a	government_n	situation_n	2,416	5	12.4478	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A37760	A most compleat compendium of geography, general and special describing all the empires, kingdoms and dominions in the whole world : shewing their bounds, situation, dimensions, ancient and modern names, history, government, religions, languages, commodities ... archbishopricks and universities : in a more plain and easie method, more compendious and (perhaps) more useful than any of this bigness : to which are added general rules for making a large geography, ... / collected according to the most late discoveries and agreeing with the choicest and newest maps by Laurence Eachard ...	Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730.	1691 (1691)	Wing E148; ESTC R35670	72,037	209

A most Compleat COMPENDIUM OF GEOGRAPHY GENERAL and SPECIAL Describing all the Empires Kingdoms and Dominions IN THE Whole WORLD Shewing their Bounds Situation Dimensions Ancient and Modern Names History Government Religions Languages Commodities Divisions Subdivisions Cities Rivers Mountains Lakes with their Archbishopricks and Universities In a more Plain and Easie Method more Compendious and perhaps more Useful than any of this bigness To which are added General Rules for making a large GEOGRAPHY Very necessary for the right Understanding of the Transactions of these Times Collected according to the most late Discoveries and agreeing with the choicest and newest MAPS By LAVRENCE EACHARD of Christ's-Colledge in Cambridge London Printed for Thomas Salusbury at the Sign of the Temple near Temple-Bar in Fleet-street 1691. To the Reverend and truly Learned Dr. IOHN COVEL Chancellour of YORK AND MASTER OF CHRIST-COLLEDGE IN CAMBRIDGE Reverend Sir WHen you first find your Name prefixed to this Book you will no less marvel at my Boldness than Folly but the Right of Dedication which every Scribler assumes to himself may in some measure save me harmless and your Goodness which truly knows how to pardon the rash Attempts of Youth has animated me to shelter this small Trifle under the Patronage of your Name I will not go about to extenuate my Crime by such fulsome Panegyricks as Dedications are usually stuffed withal for those are the common Badges of mercenary Pens which too oft betray the Wit as well as the Integrity of such Writers I do not pretend in the least to better your Understanding by this small Compendium or to add any thing to the knowledge of a Person who is already so well acquainted with the World and has seen so many famous Countries Neither do I make use of your Name to avoid the common Fate of Young Writers Envy for to be thought worthy of that shall be my greatest Glory but chiefly because the Name of so Eminent a Patron may give the greater encouragement to others and that this Science may be the more esteemed in our Vniversity and lastly that I may let the World know how much I am honoured by publishing my self Your most humble and devoted Servant LAU EACHARD THE PREFACE THere is no Man I believe can with very much Reason find fault with the Subject of this Book being so noble and useful for this is a Science which is most perfectly adorned with all the Beauties that may create delight and satisfie the curious so that it needs no Vindication The Book it self I am afraid will be condemned by the more nice sort of Persons when they first see it who will perhaps look upon it as superfluous and altogether useless since there have been already so many excellent Books both small and great of this kind To answer this perhaps will not be thought so agreeable to true modesty but howsoever I shall take leave to say thus much of it and that without any sort of vanity That I have never met with any yet that have used a more exact Method or have kept so close to their Method as this neither do I know of any that have been so particular in the Sub-divisions and Soveraignties as this I am truly sensible that several worthy Persons who heard of my design of putting out a Geography have censured me as to bold an Vndertaker after so many accurate Pens but the Iudgment of these Persons may well be suspected since they were so very little acquainted with my Studies and not at all with my Book For my part I had so little esteem of it my self as to have kept it wholly for my own private use for which it was first designed neither would I ever have ventured my Reputation which as yet is very tender among so many Criticks if I had not two several times been encouraged by Mr. Neuton most deservedly our Mathematick Professor a Person whose judgment and skill is so well known as not to be disputed who approved of the Method and Brevity when it was much less perfect than it is now and said That he did not see how a General Geography so full could be easily brought into less room The first time he saw it he did me the Honour to correct several Faults with his own Hand As to the Method in every Country I first begin with the Bounds Situation Dimensions from named Places Ancient and Modern Names then the Historical part with the present Government then I name the Religion Language and Commodities with the chief place of the whole After this I come to the particular Provinces When they are over I mention all the chief Rivers Mountains and Lakes with the number of the Patriarchs Arch-bishops Bishops and Universities As for the Provinces themselves I have been very careful to set them in such order as they may be most easily found in Maps beginning with the most Northern N. Eastern or N. Western Province so likewise on the Sub-divisions then naming that which lies next to it so that one cannot well be mistaken I have also given all their Dimensions Situations Sub-divisions and Soveraignties and giving them their proper Titles as Dukedom Earldom c. with all their chief Towns or Cities This Method I have used in every particular Country as much as the Subject would permit I have all the way intermixed the old Geography with the new not only in every Country but in every Province where I could tho' it is done with so much brevity it may easily be understood I have been very curious in the distinguishing the one from the other and giving the true extent of the old Provinces and have discovered several faults which are often committed by many Geographers as making Hetruria the same with Tuscany Latium the same with Campania de Roma Liguria the same with the State of Genoa Helvetia the same with Switzerland c. Also some other faults in not distinguishing the old Albania from the new the old Persia from the new c. these are faults which by many others have been little observed therefore I took the more care to correct them As for the length and breadth of the Countries and Provinces the truth of which I am afraid will be scrupled by several they are made according to no Book whatsoever but wholly according to Maps and those the best and newest I could procure which were for the most part De Wits Vischer's Sanson's and Berry's in these I have found no very considerable difference in the Provinces of Europe I would not have the Reader expect the true Dimensions of every Province to a mile for no Maps are so exact especially in Asia Africa and America where they are seldom without great faults neither would I have him count it a fault if by chance in measuring I have mistaken one mile in twenty Tho' these Dimensions are designed I mean those of the inferiour Provinces rather as an Ornament to compleat this Book or rather to

Deserta and Chus translated Aethiopia ch T. are Anna and Hit chiefly under the Government of the Turks some parts are free which are scarce worth looking after 2. Barraab sometimes Dase-lick Arabistan on the W. of Beriara 400 m. l. 230 br anciently called Arabia Petrea where the Children of Israel wandred forty Years Ch. T. are Herat and Aylan This Province is for the most part under the Turks but very inconsiderable 3. Ayaman anciently Arabia Foelix on the S. of Barraab and Beriara 1590 m. l. 1000 br It contains seven Provinces viz. 1. Hagia in which are the Benduins ch T. Medina and Mecca It is under the Turkish Cheris of Mecca 2. Iamama in which are the Bengebres ch T. Iamama 3. Baharaim or the Government of Labsa under the Turks ch T. Elkatif and Labsa 4. Oman containing three Kingdoms viz. Mascate Mascalat and Amanzirieden ch T. the same all under their own Kings 5. Seger containing two Kingdoms under their own Kings viz. Alibinali and Gubelhaman ch T. the same 6. Hadramut or the Government of Yeman ch T. Aden and Zibit mostly under the Turks it also includes the two Kingdoms of Fartach and Caxem under their own Kings 7. Tehama ch T. Dhafar chiefly under its own King and partly under the Turks Rivers of principal note are four viz. 1. Prim. 2. Chibar 3. Astan and 4. Nageran Chief Mountains besides those mentioned in the Scriptures are Sciobam and Ghazuan 3. Persia. THE Empire of Persia is a very large and famous Country lying between India and Turky E. and W. and between Tartary and the Ocean N. and S. Situated between the 78th and 10 min. and the 118th and 15th min. of Lon. and between the 24th and 35 min. and the 43d and 20 min. of Lat. being in length from the N. W. parts of Servan to the borders of India in Makrun about 1620 miles and in breadth from the River Gehun or Crus to the Southern Ocean 1070 miles It contains the greatest part of the ancient Persia with some of Assyria It was first called Elam and sometimes Achamenides now Persia by the Europeans but by the Inhabitants Far or Farsistan It was first under the Assyrian Empire for about 1300 Years then revolted and governed by its own Kings then by its Emperours after that conquered by the Macedonians soon after by the Parthians after that by the Saracens then by the Turks then by Tartars and lastly had its own Emperours which still remain He is called the great Sophy of Persia and has an Absolute Power yet the Government is less Tyrannical than any other of the Mahomitan Kings His Imperial Seat is at Hispaam The Inhabitants are Mahomitans but differing in some points from the Turks here are also Iesuits and Nestorians with several Iews Their Language is the Persian very ancient but have some mixture of Arabick Greek and Tartarian words very soft and sweet spoken in the Eastern Country as the Latine in the Western it has 29 Letters in the Alphabet The Turkish Language is also very much used here The chief Commodities are curious Silks Carpets Tissues Manufactures of Gold Silk and Silver Seal-skins Goat-skins Alabaster all sorts of Metals Myrrh Fruits c. It contains twelve Provinces which are 1. Servan or Schirwan the most N. W. Province bordering on Turky 330 m. l. 170 br containing a great part of the ancient Media ch T. are Tauris Servan and Ardevil 2. Gilan or Hirach on the E. of Servan 460 m. l. 340 br anciently called Hyrcania It contains four Provinces viz. 1. Dile●mon ch T. Dilemon 2. Mezandran ch T Mezandran 3. Rescht ch T. Rescht And 4. Keskar ch T. Keskar Gilan is ch T. 〈◊〉 the whole 3. Taberistan or Tocheristan on the E. of Gilan 470 m. l. 340 br anciently called Margiana ch T. Amoul or Taberistan and Asterebad It contains two other Pr. viz. 1. Kuoemus ch T. Ferawar and 2. Gorgian ch T. Gorgian 4. Corassan on the E. of Taberestan 760 m. l. 540. br anciently called Bactria ch T. Herat. In this are comprehended three others viz. 1. Heri ch T. Heri 2. Chorassan ch T. Ariander And 3. Cohasan ch T. Caim 5. Airach or Yerack Agemi on the W. of Corassan 700 m. l. and 460 br anciently called Parthia ch T. are Hispaam Casbin and Nehawant 6. Churdestan on the W. of Airach and S. of Servan 280 m. l. 160 br It contains a good part of the ancient Assyria and part of old Media ch T. are Salmas and Cor. 7. Chusistan or Elveran on the S. of Airach 400 m. l. 320 br anciently Susiana ch T. Souster 8. Fars on the E. of Chusistan 460 m. l. 310 br anciently called Persis ch T. are Schiras or Shiras and Lar. 9. Kirman or Cherman on the E. of Fars 600 m. l. 510 br anciently called Carmania ch T. is Cherman 10. Sablestan or Calchestan on the N. of Kirman 390 m. l. 160 br anciently called Parapamisus ch T. is Bost. 11. Sigistan or Sitzistan on the S. E. of Sablestan 470 m. l. 240 br anciently called Drangiana ch T. is Sigistan 12. Makran on the S. of Sigistan 500 m. l. 250 br ch T. Malran This includes the two Provinces of 1. Circan an Gedrosia ch T. Gest and 2. Patan ch T. Rivers of chief note are four viz. 1. Gelum or Albius an Oxus 2. Ilment 3. Tiritiri and 4. Bendimir Chief Mountains are Taurus which pass through the length of this Country and go by several names 5. Tartary TArtary is the greatest Country in the World lying on the E. of Russia and N. of Persia India and China Situated between the 83d and the 180th degr of Lon. and between the 39th and the 72d degr of Lat. being in length from the borders of Astracan to the E. parts of Cathay about 4000 miles and the breadth from the S. parts of Mawrinalra to the most N. parts of Tartaria Deserta is about 2000 miles containing the ancient Provinces of Scythia Sacae Sogdania and the greatest part of Sarmatia Asiatica with a little of old Persia. It has remained unconquered under several Governments till Anno 1162 the Tartars an obscure People over-ran this Country and erected a Monarchy which still remains but a good part of it is fallen away The Emperour is called The Great Cham of Tartary who has also the famous Country of China Some part of it is under the Russians the rest under several independent Princes The imperial Seat is at Chambalu as it is supposed The Inhabitants are both Mahomitans and Pagans in some places all Mahomitans in others all Pagans which seems to be in most esteem Here are also some Christians of the Nestorian Sect. Their Language is the Tartarian very boisterous and clamerous almost the same with the Turkish having some mixture of Persian and Scithian words In some places they use the Persian Tongue The chief Commodities are Sable Martins and

of Malvay 190 m. l. 170 br ch T. Mandave 37. Berar on the N. E. of Candis 250 m. l. 120 br ch T. Shapor 38. Bengala on the N. E. of Berar 660 m. l. 450 br ch T. Bengala In this extent are the Pr. of Patenaw Elebus and Prurop Rivers of principal note are two viz. 1. Indus or Pengab and 2. Ganges both very famous Chief Mountains are 1. Imaus or Bittigo and 2. Sardonix 7. India in t Gangem INdia intra Gangem or the Peninsula on this side the River Ganges lies on the S. of the Mogul's Empire situated between the 112th and 45 min. and the 120th degr of Lon. and between the 7th and 40 min. and the 23d degr of Lat. being in length from the N. parts of Orixa in Golconda to Cape Comeri in Malabar about 1000 miles in breadth from Narsingapatan to Dabul 490 miles We can find but little how it was anciently Governed but it is at present under the Government of about fifty several Kings of which three or four are greater than the rest and some parts are under the Europeans as the Portuguez Dutch and English The ch T. of the whole is Goa under the Portugals The Inhabitants are of several Nations besides the Natives they are both Pagans and Mahomitans with some Christians of St. Thomas besides the Europeans Their Language is that called Talenga in Golconda the Guzarate in Bisnagar and the Malabar with the Bagadan Tamul and Grandonique in Malabar The Portugal is also in much use in some parts Chief Commodities are Metals Silks Cottons Pearls Drugs Ginger Cinnamon Cassia c. It contains four parts viz. 1. Kingdom of Golconda the most N. E. Province 420 m. l. 210 br ch T. Golconda or Bagnagar In this extent are comprehended also the Provinces of Orixa ch T. Orixa and Talengand ch T. Dalacata It is under its own King but tributary to the great Mogul 2. Kingdom of Decan on the W. of Golconda 380 m. l. 280 br It contains three Provinces viz. 1. Decan ch T. Kerky 2. Balgate ch T. Bender And 3. Cuncan ch T. Goa and Visapor These are chiefly the Portuguez and King of Visapor 3. Kingdom of Bisnagar on the S. E. of Decan 570 m. l. 330 br It contains six Provinces viz. 1. Bisnagar or Narsinga ch T. Bisnagar 2. Coromandel ch T. Maliapour under its own Prince 3. Canara ch T. St. Omar 4. Gingi ch T. Gingi 5. Tanjanor ch T. Tanjanor 6. Madure in which is the Pro. of Coru ch T. Madure It is chiefly under its own K. and others tributary to him 4. Malabar on the E. of Bisnagar 320 m. l. 120 br It contains the Kingdoms of 1. Calicute ch T. Calicute 2. Cananor ch T. Cananor 3. Tanor ch T. Tanor 4. Cranganor ch T. Cranganor 5. Cochin ch T. Cochin 6. Coulan ch T. Coulan 7. Travencor ch T. Travencor All under their own Naiques or Kings except some places possessed by the Dutch Portuguez and English Calicute is the ch T. of the whole Rivers of chief note are 1. Guengua and 2. Mudora Chief Mountains are those called Balagatta 8. India ex Gangem INdia beyond the River Ganges is a knot of Kingdoms lying between the Mogul's Empire and China between the 133d and the 151st degr of Lon. and between the first and the 34th degr of Lat. being in length from the S. parts of Malacca to the borders of Tartary about 2000 miles and the breadth from Bengala to the borders of Quantung in China about 900 miles by this account it contains some of the old Sina As for the ancient Government we can give no certain account at the present it is a barbarous Country dismembred into a great many Estates under their own Kings and Governours of which four or five are of considerable note Besides these the Portuguez and Dutch have several places on the Coasts The ch T. of all is Pegu. The Inhabitants are chiefly Idolaters here are also some Mahomitans on the Coasts and some Christians converted by the Jesuits Their Language in Siam and Malacca is the Malaize in some places the Chinean in other places they have many different Tongues little known to us Their chief Commodities are Gold Silver Precious Stones Silks Porcelline Earth Aloes Musk Rhubarb Alabaster c. Divided into six great parts which are 1. Kingdom of Barma or Brema containing all the N. parts of this Country ch T. are Brema and Ava It contains many small Kingdoms tributary to the King of Barma as 1. Prom 2. Calam 3. Melinta 4. Sirole 5. Bacan 6. Miranda 7. Circangre 8. Brema 9. Caor 10. Ava and 11. Tangu Of these there is little certainty 2. Kingdom of Pegu on the S. of Barma 600 m. l. 350 br It contains three Provinces viz. 1. Kingdom of Arrachan under the great Mogul ch T. Arrachan 2. Pegu under its own King ch T. Pegu. 3. Laos under its own King in which are the Provinces of Iangoma Curroy and Leveu 3. Kingdom of Tunquin in which is comprehended the Pro. of Ciracan on the E. of Pegu and S. of China 540 m. l. 300 br under its own King Ch. T. is Tunquin Here are said to be the Kingdoms of Ciucange or Caubang Bao and Lao and the People called Maug Timocoves and Gueys nigh China 4. Kingdom of Cochin China on the S. of Tunquin 500 m. l. 210 br Ch. T. are Turon and Haeso It is partly under its own King and partly under the Portuguez Here is also a Province called the Lays ch T. 5. Kingdom of Camboje or Cambodia on the S. W. of Cochin China about 510 m. l. 210 br ch T. is Camboje Ruled by its own King Here lies also the Kingdom of Chiampa said to be independent ch T. Puto-Caceim 6. Kingdom of Siam on the E. of Pegu 1080 m. l. 340 br It contains three Kingdoms viz. 1. Martaban ch T. Martaban 2. Siam ch T. Siam 3. Malacca anciently Aurea Chersonessus containing Malacca Ienasseri Iuncalaon Quedda Pera Ihor Puhang Patane Ligor and Burdelong ch T. the same All under the King of Siam Portuguez and Dutch Siam is ch T. of the whole Rivers of principal note are four viz. 1. Menin 2. Ava 3. Cosmite and 4. Caor Here is the famous Lake of Chiamay Principal Mountains that I find here are those called Kemois and Rumoy 9. China CHina lies on the E. of the Indies and on the S. of Tartary situated between the 141st and the 165th degr of Lon. and between the 20th and the 41st and 40 min. of Lat. being in length from the N. E. parts of Leaotong to the S.W. parts of Iunnan about 1560 miles and in breadth from the N. W. parts of Xensi to the S. E. parts of Chekiang about 1300 miles containing the greatest part of old Sina now called by some Mangi by the Arabians Tzinin by the neighbouring Countries Sanglai by the Natives Taine and Taibinco and

Provinces which are 1. Turcomania on the W. parts 340 m. l. 220 br containing a great part of the ancient Armenia Major Ch. T. are Arzerum and Chisari or Kars 2. Georgiens or Iran on the E. of Turcomania 340 m. l. 180 br containing part of old Armenia and Media Now mostly under the Persians Ch. T. are Derbent and Atham 3. Curdes on the S. of Georgiens 340 m. l. 300 br containing part of old Assyria and Armenia Major Ch. T. are Van and Bedao Rivers of principal note are three viz. 1. Eufrate 2. Tigre and 3. Kurr Chief Mountains are several branches of Taurus 4. Dierbeck Dierbeck lies on the S. of Turcomania and W. of Persia being about 780 m. l. 400 br It contains the ancient Countries of Chaldea Mesopotamia with part of Assyria Now called by the Persians Yrakin by the Arabians Iazeirey by the Armenians Meredin and by the Turks Dierbeck or Diarbeck It was first under its own Emperours for about 1700 years conquered by the Persians then by the Macedonians after that by the Romans again by the Persians afterwards by the Saracens next by the Turks a third time by the Persians and lastly by the Turks again The ch T. is Bagdat The Inhabitants are both Mahomitans and Christians the latter divided into Iacobites and Nestorians Their Language in some places Arabick and in others Syriack but mixt with some Arabick and Greek words Their chief Commodities are Wine Oyl Corn Fruits Cottons Wool c. It is divided into three Provinces which are 1. Dierbeck the most N. W. Province 560 m. l. 315 br containing the old Mesopotamia and part of Assyria and sometimes part of the Roman Diocess of the Orient Ch. T. are Dierbikir or Caramitz and Vrphi● 2. Arzerum or Sarh on the E. of Dierbeck 260 m. l. 150 br containing a great part of the old Assyria Ch. T. are Mosul an Ninivie and Scheheresul 3. Yerack Curdestan or Keldan on the S. of Arzerum and Dierbeck 350 m. l. 210 br the same with old Chaldea or Babylonia Ch. T. are Bagdat Cufa and Balsora Chief Rivers are 1. Eufrate and 2. Tigre F. de Wit comprehends both Dierbeck and Turcomania under the general name of Armenia Besides these four Provinces there are some Islands The chief of which are 1. Kingdom of Cyprus or Kibros in the Mediterranian Sea on the S. of Natolia 170 m. l. 80 br anciently divided into Salamina Amathusia Lapatha and Paphia now into seven Sangiacks Ch. T. are Nicosia and Famagusta 2. Those of lesser note are 1. Rhodes ch T. Rhodes 2. Cos ch T. Cos. 3. Samos ch T. Samo 4. Nicaria ch T. Nicaria 5. Sio ch T. Sio 6. Metelino an Lesbos ch T. Metelino with some others 2. Georgia UNder the name of Georgia is comprehended all that Tract of Land which lies between the Palus Meotis or the Sea of Zabache and the Caspian Sea or the Sea of Bachu and between the River Don and Turcomania Situated between the 63d and the 80th degr of Lon. and between the 42 and 40 min. and the 51st degr of Lat. being in length from the Streights of Kaffa to the Caspian Sea about 650 miles and in breadth from the River Don or Tanais to the Borders of Turcomania about 480 miles In this extent are comprehended the ancient Countries of Colchis Iberia Albania with part of Asiatick Sarmatia It was partly conquered by the Romans and ever since had many several Governments till of late the Turks and Persians have got some footing amongst them So that the present Government is under several small Princes some of which are tributary to the Turks some to the Persians and others are free The ch T. is Teffles The Inhabitants are chiefly Christians of the Greek Church with some Mahomitans the former in practice little differ from Pagans Their Language is in many places a kind of a Sclavonian in some places the Turkish and Tartarian and in Mengralia they have one peculiar Their chief Commodities are Honey Wax Leather Furs Silk Linnen Thred Martins Beavers Box and Slaves It contains four Provinces which are 1. Comania or Circassia under the first F. de Wit comprehends all Georgia and Crim Tartary is the most N. Province by some made part of Tartary by others part of Russia being partly subject to it In it are comprehended the Provinces of Petigori Sonska and Nagaiski or proper Circassia as also the Alanes Suanes Gigves and Caracherks or Black Circassians The ch T. is Temruck 2. Mengralia on the S. of Comania 300 m. l. 170 br It contains four Provinces viz. 1. Abassa or Avogassa ch T. St. Sophia 2. K. of Mengralia or Odischi ch T. Zugdidi These two Provinces make up the old Country of Colchis 3. K. of Guriel ch T. Varsti 4. K. of Imerete ch T. Colalach These Kingdoms are tributary to the Turks 3. Gurgistan on the E. of Mengralia and S. of Comania 260 m. l. 175 br It contains three Provinces viz. 1. K. of Balatralu ch T. Cori or Gorede 2. K. of Curduel ch T. Teffles 3. K. of Kacheti ch T. Zagain These Provinces make up the ancient Iberia and are for the most part under the Persians 4. Zuiria on the E. of Gurgistan and S. of Comania 240 m. l. 180 br It contains all the ancient Albania Divided into two parts viz. 1. Nagaiski reckoned by some a part of Comania ch T. Terki 2. Dagestan ch T. Zittach the ch T. of both This Province is under several independent Lords Rivers of Principal note are three viz. 1. Kurr 2. Faze and 3. Terka Chief Mountains are several branches of Taurus 3. Arabia ARabia is a very large Country lying on the S. of Turky in Asia incompassed on three sides with the Sea Situated between the 62d and the 94th and 40 min. of Lon. and between the 12th and the 34th and 30 min. of Lat. being in length from Sues in Egypt to the most E. point in Oman about 1700 miles and in breadth from the mouth of the Persian Gulf to the mouth of the Red Sea about 1200 miles called by the Turks Arabistan Part of it was subject to the Assyrian and Babylonian Empires then to the Macedonians then to the Roman● after that it was wholly under its own Emperours then ruled by the Babylonian Caliphs after that it was free till at last the Turks conquered part of it so that the present Government is partly under the Turks the rest under several Princes The ch T. is Medina The Inhabitants are all Mahomitans except some few Christians in Arabia Petrea Their Language is wholly the Arabick a very famous Language partly derived from the Hebrew naturally spoke in many other Countries The chief Commodities are Gold Precious Stones Balsam Myrrh abundance of Frankincense Cassia Cinnamon Manna Benjamin and such like It contains three great parts which are 1. Beriara the most N. Province 500 m. l. 320 br anciently called Arabia

between the 3d and the 83d and 30 min. of Lon. and between the 35th and 30 min. of N. and the 35th and 10 min. of S. Lat. being in length from Cape Verde in Negroland to Cape Guadafu in Ajan about 4800 miles and in breadth from Cape de Boni in Barbary to the Cape of Good Hope about 4200 miles anciently called Hesperia Olympia Ammonis Ortygia Escha●●ca and Eoriphe and now Africa by the Aethiopians Alkabulam and by the Indians Besecath It is greater than Europe and lesser than Asia but not so considerable as either being in many places full of vast Deserts and unhabitable places some parts so little known that we can give but an uncertain account of them Here are also many remarkable Beasts and Birds not so common in other places as Elephants Crocodiles Lions Leopards c. The Religions may be reduced to five general Heads viz. 1. Mahomitan 2. Pagan or Gentilism 3. Iewish 4. Christian and 5. Libertinism the two first are most predominant The Languages are chiefly six viz. 1. Arabick 2. Hitbissine 3. Egyptian 4. that called Aqueamerig 5. that called Sungai and 6. that called Gubio The Iews speak the Chaldean or Syriack It is under the Government of three Emperours viz. Abissina Morocco and Monomo●apa many inferior Kings the Turks who have a considerable part and several of the Europeans as Portuguez English Dutch and French Rivers of principal note are four viz. 1. Nile 2. Niger 3. Zaire and 4. Zembre Greatest Mountains are 1. Aiducal or Atlas 2. Christal Mountains 3. Amara 4. Sierra Leona 5. Mount Table and 6. Pike of Tenneriff Lakes of chief note are 1. Zaire 2. Zafflan 3. Niger 4. Borno and 5. Guarda Africa is divided into twelve parts viz. 1. Egypt 2. Barbary 3. Biledulgerid 4. Sarra 5. Nabia 6. Negroland 7. Guinea 8. Congo 9. Abissina 10. Zanguebar 11. Monomotapa and 12. Cafferia besides the Isles 1. Egypt EGypt is the most N. E. Country in Africa bordering on Asia and lying between Barbary Biledulgerid and the Red Sea situated between the 59th and 20 min. and the 67th and 30 min. of Lon. and between the 21st and 30 min. and the 31st and 50 min. of Lat. being in length from Alexandra to Buge about 730 miles and the breadth from the borders of Biledulgerid to Zibeth about 380 miles It was anciently called by the names of Miseraim the Land of Ham Aeria Potamia Ogygia Melampodus and Osyria now by the Turks Miser and El-kebit by the Arabians Mesra and Bardamasser by the Inhabitants Chebili and by the Italians and Spaniards l' Egitto It first had its own Kings conquered by the Persians soon after by the Macedonians then again it had its own Kings then conquered by the Romans afterwards by the Saracens then it had its own Princes again till at last wholly conquered by the Turks who still have it Governed by a Beglerbog residing at Cairo This together with the greatest part of Barca make up that part of the Turkish Empire which is called the Government of Miser or Cairo The Inhabitants are Copti Moors Arabians Turks Iews and Greeks and are chiefly Mahomitans Here are also some Christians called Copti Iacobites in Sect but differing from them and all others in many Points Their Language is chiefly Arabick and Turkish and in some places the Egyptian or Coptick whose Writing is little different from the ancient Greek Their chief Commodities are Sugar Flax Rice all sorts of Grains and Fruits Linnen Cloth Salt Balsom Butargio Senna Cassia c. It is divided into four parts which are 1. Erif or the Lower Egypt the most N. Province containing the old Proper Egypt and Augusticana Divided into four Caciefs or Governments viz. 1. Caliobeck ch T. Alexandria 2. Menofia ch T. Rosetta 3. Garbia ch T. Dametta And 4. Mansouria ch T. Mansouria The ch T. of the whole is Alexandria 2. Bechria Demisor or Middle Egypt on the S. of Erif or Lower Eg●pt containing the greatest part of the ancient Arcadia ch T. are Cairo and Sues In this is included the Cacief of Vium ch T. Vium 3. Sahid or Upper Egypt on the S. of Bechria part of old Thebais Divided into ●ive Caciefs viz. 1. Benesuef ch T. Benesuef 2. Cherkeffi ch T. Mansloth 3. Manfelout ch T. Manfelout 4. Girgio or Sahid ch T. Sahid and Asna 5. Minio ch T. Minio Ch. T. of all is Sahid 4. Coast of the Red Sea that part which borders on the Red Sea on the E. of Sahid containing part of ancient Thebais and Arcadia ch T. are Cossir Zibith and Buge The only River of note is Nile dividing this Country in two the most famous River in the World Chief Mountains are those which were anciently called Montes Lybici Principal Lakes are two viz. 1. Mareotis now Antacon 2. Meeris now Buchiarea 2. Barbary BArbary is the most considerable Country in Africa lying on the W. of Egypt along the Mediterranian Sea and together with it contains all the N. parts of Africa Situated between the 8th and the 60th degr of Lon. and between the 28 and 25 min. and the 35th and 30 min. of Lat. being in length from the W. parts of Morocco to the E. parts of Barca about 2760 miles and in breadth in the widest parts not 300 miles and in several places but 60 miles It was sometimes called Africa and contains those Provinces which the Romans called Mauritania Numedia Africa Propria Byzacenia Tripolitana Cyrenaica and Marmarica It was anciently a great part of it under the State of Carthage till conquered by the Romans afterwards by the Vandals then again by the Emperours till conquered by the Sarazens after that divided into several Kingdoms till at last the Turk conquered part of it so that it is under several the Xeriffs or Emperours of Morocco have the Western parts the Turks the Eastern the Spaniards and Portuguez several Towns on the Coasts and some keep their freedom The ch T. of all is Fez. The Inhabitants are all Mahomitans except the Europeans and very zealous in their Religion Their Language is for the most part the Arabick but in Fez and Morocco and in some few other places they use that called Aquil-amerig or the Noble Language the same with the Punick or old African intermixed with some Arabick words The chief Commodities are Honey Wax Oyl Sugar Flax Hemp Hides Marokins or Cordavans Dates Almonds Mantles Alheicks c. It is divided into six parts which are 1. Kingdom of Morocco the most W. Province 340 m. l. 200 br anciently called Mauritania Sitisensis It contains seven Provinces viz. 1. Sus ch T. Taradant 2. Guzula ch T. Guzula 3. Morocco ch T. Morocco 4. Hea ch T. Tednest 5. Hascora ch T. Elmadin● 6. Tedles ch T. Tefza 7. Ducala ch T. Azamin Ch. T. of all is Morocco 2. Kingdom of Fez on the N. E. of Morocco 360 m. l. 230 br anciently called Mauritania Tingitana It contains seven Provinces viz. 1. Temefs●●e

Climes and Zones it lies under with the longest Days in the North South and Middle Parts of it 4. What Remarkable Stars pass over it shewing their Rising and Stay above the Horizan with the Quantity and Celerity of their Motion according to Copernicus Hypothesis 5. It s Magnitude and compared with other Countries as also its Figure and Number of Inhabitants as well as can be told 6. All the ancient Names with their Etymologies and how called by other Countries at present 7. What it was anciently famous for 8. What famous Men both for Arms and Learning it has produced with their Characters 9. It s chief Rivers exactly described with all its best Havens 10. Principal Lakes described 11. Seas Bays Creeks c. described 12. Mountains described 13. Capes or Promontories described 14. Forests described 15. Desarts described 16. The Nature of the Soil with its Fertility and Sterility 17. What Rains Tempests Meteors c. are most usual in it 18. Various Grains it affords compared with ours 19. It s Diversity of Fruits compared with ours 20. Sorts of Trees its affords compared with ours 21. It s Principal Riches and Commodities 22. It s various Beasts both wild and tame describing them that are not common 23. It s divers Birds described compared with ours 24. It s variety and number of Fishes described compared with ours 25. Serpents and remarkable Insects described compared with ours 26. Its Wonders of Art and Nature 27. The Original of the Inhabitants 28. Their Shape Stature Beauty c. 29. The Natural Dispositions and Humours of both Men and Women 30. The Peculiar Customs in their Salutations Drinking and all other Actions 31. Their Vertues most naturally inclining to 32. Their Vices most naturally inclining to 33. Their Common Diet and Manner of Eating with their Feasts and such like 34. Their Inns and Houses of Entertainment 35. The Apparel both of Men and Women 36. Manner of Educating their Children 37. Their Trades Imployments and Manner of Getting their Livelihood 38. Their Buildings Gardens Orchards c. 39. Their Common Sports and Pastimes 40. Measures and Weights of all sorts compared with ours 41. Coins of Gold Silver and Brass compared with ours 42. Laws and Punishments of Offenders 43. Their Universities shewing their Number Fame Antiquity c. 44. Their divers Languages shewing their Original Composition Dialects Characters c. 45. Their Peculiar Arts and Ingenuities they are most famous for 46. Their several Religions there practised with their principal Points Ceremonies c. 47. The Ecclesiastical Government with the Number and Names of all the Archbishopricks Bishopricks and such like 48. Marriages shewing their Number of Wives with all the Customs belonging to the Solemnity 49. Burials with all the Ceremonies and Customs 50. Orders of Knighthood with the Number and Names of the Hereditary Dukedom● Earldoms c. with other Places of Honour 51. Particular Priviledges belonging to Persons of every Rank 52. Present Government and Fundamental Constitutions with the several Rulers 53. The Extent of the Kings or States Dominions in other Countries 54. The King's Titles 55. His Arms. 56. The Revenues and all the several ways of raising them 57. Forces by Sea and Land which way raised with the Martial Discipline 58. A General History of it in short with a Catalogue of the Kings Governours c. with a short account of the best Historians that writ of it 59. All the ancient Divisions shewing all the old Provinces their Bound● and Extent and how called at present 60. The modern Division shewing the present Provinces in their Bounds Situation Dimensions Divisions Subdivisions Cities Towns Castles Governments c. This I could well divide into many other Parts These have I set in as good order as I could binding no man to follow them any more than his own reason shall guide him but howsoever I presume that they are not wholly to be despised The most considerable Writers of Geography were Ptolomy Pliny Strabo Dionysius Mela c. among the ancients The later are Mercator Munster Ortelius Maginus Heylin Bleau Iohnson Cluverius the Authors of the English Atlasses with a vast number of less note The chief Travellers are Morison Sandys Herbert Tavenor Thevenot Charden Brown with several others of less note as Lassels Blunt Ray Burnet Magallans c. The most approved Maps are Sanson's and Duval's French-men De Wit and Visscher Dutch-men and Berry an English-man FINIS ERRATA Here are some Faults committ●d ●y reason of my distance from the Press the chief are here set down which the Reader ought to correct before he reads it PAg. 4. line 24. for and streight read one streight p. 6. l. 2 5. for sight r. site p. 7. l. 9. for Monopo●apa r. Monomotapa p. 12. l. 3. for and r. anciently l. 25. for Origrella r. Origvella p. 14. l. 1. for Beleures r. Beleares l. 16. for 46. r. 42. p. 18. l. 11. for Nestria r. Neustria p. 20. l. 12. for Pan r. Pan. l. 25. for Serennes r. Sevennes p. 29. l. 8. for Corest●gni r. Orestagni p. 36. l. 12. for 270 r. 285. p. 41. l. 10. for 65 r. 40. Here are I believe some few others but of so little concern as will do no great injury