and_o duty_n i_o owe_v to_o my_o native_a country_n england_n l._n roberts_n the_o merchant_n map_n of_o commerce_n chap._n i._n the_o description_n of_o country_n conducible_a to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n traffic_n the_o description_n of_o country_n conduce_v to_o the_o description_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n before_o i_o descend_v to_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o before_o i_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o these_o town_n and_o city_n of_o traffic_n which_o here_o i_o intend_v to_o handle_v i_o must_v of_o necessity_n for_o method-sake_n first_o by_o a_o cursory_a draught_n describe_v the_o country_n kingdom_n and_o province_n wherein_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v situate_v and_o place_v and_o to_o do_v the_o same_o orderly_a and_o as_o the_o subject_n require_v it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v survey_v the_o mean_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v or_o may_v be_v perform_v which_o according_a to_o the_o 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and_o town_n
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seal_v and_o search_v and_o subject_v to_o penalty_n in_o such_o like_a manner_n and_o form_n and_o to_o such_o purpose_n and_o intent_n respective_o be_v limit_v to_o those_o clothes_n provide_v for_o in_o the_o former_a law_n now_o whether_o can_v these_o new_a draperie_n fly_v to_o shroud_v themselves_o from_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o law_n their_o new_a name_n can_v help_v they_o if_o they_o be_v call_v by_o any_o name_n the_o law_n take_v hold_v of_o they_o they_o can_v then_o plead_v no_o privilege_n to_o free_v they_o from_o this_o law_n and_o order_n but_o in_o yield_a obedience_n grain_n roman_a foot_n and_o denarius_fw-la the_o english_a foot_n take_v from_o the_o iron_n standard_n at_o guild-hall_n london_n and_o compare_v with_o the_o standard_n for_o measure_n of_o divers_a nation_n such_o part_n as_o the_o english_a foot_n contain_v 1000_o part_n 12_o inch_n the_o roman_a foot_n or_o that_o on_o the_o monument_n of_o cossutius_n in_o rome_n contain_v 967._o the_o foot_n on_o the_o monument_n of_o statilius_n in_o rome_n contain_v 972._o the_o foot_n of_o villalpandus_n deduce_v from_o the_o congius_fw-la of_o vespasian_n contain_v 987._o the_o greek_a foot_n 1007_o 29_o 100_o the_o paris_n foot_n 1068._o the_o venetian_a foot_n 1162._o the_o rhineland_n foot_n or_o that_o of_o snellius_n 1033._o the_o derah_n or_o cubit_n at_o cairo_n in_o egypt_n 1824._o the_o persian_a arish_n 3197._o the_o great_a turkish_a pike_n at_o constantinople_n 2200._o the_o lesser_a turkish_a pike_n at_o constantinople_n be_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o great_a as_o 31._o to_o 32._o the_o braccio_n at_o florence_n 1013._o the_o braccio_n for_o woolen_n at_o sienna_n 1242._o the_o braccio_n for_o linen_n at_o sienna_n 1974._o the_o braccio_n at_o naples_n 2100_o the_o can_v at_o naples_n 6880._o the_o vara_n at_o almaria_n and_o at_o gibraltar_n in_o spain_n 2760._o il_fw-fr palmo_fw-it di_fw-it architetti_fw-mi at_o rome_n whereof_o ten_o make_v the_o can_v di_o architeti_n 732._o iâ—_n palmo_n del_fw-it braccio_fw-mi di_fw-it mercantia_fw-la &_o di_fw-fr tessito_n di_fw-mi tela_n at_o rome_n this_o and_o the_o former_a be_v both_o engrave_v in_o a_o white_a marble_n stone_n in_o the_o capitol_n with_o this_o inscription_n curante_fw-la lu._n paeto_fw-la 695½_n the_o genoa_n palm_n 815._o the_o antwerp_n ell_n 2283._o 27¼_n 1_o 7._o the_o amsterdam_n ell_n 2268._o 27¼_n the_o leyden_n ell_n 2260._o 27_o 1_o 7._o commerce_n the_o particular_n observe_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n have_v then_o thus_o brief_o run_v over_o the_o general_a head_n upon_o which_o i_o have_v ground_v this_o map_n of_o commerce_n and_o trade_n and_o note_v first_o the_o division_n of_o the_o world_n according_a to_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o modern_a author_n and_o show_v how_o the_o same_o be_v general_o bound_v and_o how_o distinguish_v into_o empire_n kingdom_n province_n and_o island_n and_o how_o again_o these_o country_n contain_v certain_a eminent_a and_o principal_a city_n and_o town_n both_o maritime_a and_o inland_a which_o for_o their_o situation_n opulence_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n do_v merit_n the_o name_n of_o the_o great_a and_o famous_a place_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n and_o have_v therein_o observe_v the_o commodity_n either_o natural_o there_o grow_v or_o artificial_o there_o produce_v whereby_o trade_n be_v in_o the_o say_a place_n both_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v and_o therewithal_o note_v the_o general_a duty_n of_o custom_n and_o impost_n levy_v upon_o the_o say_a commodity_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o prince_n and_o settle_v in_o all_o the_o say_v traffique_a city_n and_o collect_v in_o certain_a public_a place_n from_o thence_o ten_v custom-house_n and_o then_o show_v the_o coin_n current_a in_o those_o several_a city_n and_o kingdom_n with_o the_o original_n and_o present_a kind_n thereof_o in_o sundry_a country_n and_o then_o the_o real_a and_o imaginary_a denomination_n
both_o in_o gross_a and_o retail_v and_o beside_o their_o subtlety_n in_o drive_v of_o bargain_n and_o make_v of_o contract_n between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o broker_n they_o be_v here_o find_v to_o be_v of_o all_o profession_n and_o be_v the_o professor_n of_o all_o arts._n the_o last_o which_o i_o reckon_v in_o this_o roll_n be_v the_o armenian_a grecian_a and_o coptie_a all_o christian_n who_o in_o their_o way_n set_v the_o wheel_n of_o trade_n on_o work_n by_o be_v some_o shopkeeper_n some_o artificer_n and_o some_o merchant_n principal_o trade_v by_o caravan_n to_o and_o from_o aleppo_n damascus_n amman_n and_o baruti_fw-la and_o in_o the_o commodity_n of_o those_o country_n of_o armenia_n georgia_n and_o persia_n they_o carry_v the_o principal_a swayand_n stroke_n all_o which_o consider_v what_o do_v the_o place_n want_v to_o make_v it_o absolute_a but_o only_o what_o it_o have_v lose_v which_o be_v the_o vast_a trade_n of_o india_n which_o of_o late_a year_n the_o portugal_n english_a and_o fleming_n have_v deprive_v they_o of_o which_o i_o leave_v they_o to_o sorrow_n for_o as_o for_o a_o thing_n past_o remedy_n egypt_n commodity_n of_o grand_a cairo_n and_o egypt_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n and_o place_n principal_o afford_v to_o these_o merchant_n whereby_o their_o commerce_n be_v now_o preserve_v to_o they_o be_v flax_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o pulse_n abound_v in_o the_o province_n of_o sahid_n where_o the_o pharaoh_n reside_v fruit_n rice_n balsam_n etc._n etc._n abound_v in_o eriffic_n where_o the_o ptolemy_n reside_v cotton_n sugar_n and_o some_o drug_n etc._n etc._n abound_v in_o marrema_n where_o the_o roman_n and_o grecian_n reside_v and_o all_o these_o annual_o foretell_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o rivor_n nilus_n discern_v by_o a_o pillar_n seat_v in_o the_o island_n michias_n opposite_a to_o the_o city_n of_o cairo_n begin_v ever_o to_o increase_v about_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n so_o continue_v 40_o day_n increase_v and_o 40_o day_n decrease_v as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o height_n of_o the_o increase_n give_v assure_v testimony_n of_o that_o year_n abundance_n and_o plenty_n at_o the_o end_n whereof_o a_o solemn_a day_n feast_n be_v keep_v to_o nilus_n in_o which_o it_o be_v oftentimes_o see_v the_o egyptian_a to_o spend_v as_o much_o in_o jollity_n as_o with_o great_a pain_n and_o industry_n he_o have_v gather_v the_o whole_a year_n before_o with_o penury_n egypt_n revenue_n of_o egypt_n out_o of_o this_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n be_v yearly_o draw_v for_o revenue_n of_o this_o kingdom_n three_o million_o of_o sheraffies_n in_o value_n 8_o shilling_n sterling_a apiece_o the_o one_o whereof_o be_v now_o adays_o send_v to_o the_o grand_a signior_n by_o land_n and_o caravan_n for_o fear_n of_o surprisal_n at_o sea_n by_o the_o florentine_a or_o malta_n galley_n the_o second_o million_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o pay_n of_o the_o militia_n and_o soldiery_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o three_o rebound_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o bassa_n here_o resident_a for_o the_o grand_a signior_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o own_o court_n and_o dependent_n their_o principal_a part_n for_o traffic_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v alexandria_n as_o before_o i_o note_v account_v a_o free_a port_n for_o friend_n or_o enemy_n the_o harbour_n cammand_v by_o a_o castle_n and_o the_o entrance_n guide_v by_o a_o eminent_a watch_n tower_n to_o give_v light_n to_o sailor_n the_o custom_n of_o which_o place_n be_v farm_a by_o jew_n at_o 20_o thousand_o medin_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la 30_o medin_n account_v for_o a_o ryal_n of_o eight_o spanish_a which_o here_o may_v be_v value_v 5_o shilling_n sterling_a the_o which_o by_o the_o year_n may_v amount_v to_o 55_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_n alexandria_n custom_n of_o alexandria_n all_o good_n enter_v here_o pay_v the_o custom_n in_o species_n or_o compound_v for_o at_o 10_o in_o the_o hundred_o only_a money_n enter_v pay_v but_o one_o and_o half_a per_fw-la cent_n but_o outward_a all_o commodity_n pay_v 11_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o sultan_n custom_n and_o call_v the_o great_a custom_n the_o other_o custom_n raise_v here_o be_v as_o much_o or_o very_o near_o as_o much_o more_o as_o he_o shall_v find_v to_o his_o cost_n that_o trade_v into_o these_o part_n whereto_o for_o better_a trial_n i_o will_v refer_v he_o cairo_n merchant_n of_o cairo_n now_o for_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o cairo_n the_o merchant_n thereof_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n in_o some_o sort_n to_o have_v the_o relic_n of_o that_o former_a great_a trade_n which_o they_o lose_v out_o of_o the_o red-sea_n for_o hence_o they_o send_v by_o caravan_n sundry_a european_a commodity_n thither_o especial_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o yearly_a caravan_n depart_v hence_o for_o mecca_n and_o medina_n talnabi_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o their_o false_a prophet_n mahomet_n which_o arrive_v at_o sue_v in_o the_o red-sea_n be_v there_o find_v to_o have_v a_o general_a dispersion_n some_o go_n for_o the_o city_n of_o assuan_n which_o be_v commodious_o seat_v upon_o their_o river_n nile_n and_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nubia_n which_o hence_o sit_v itself_o with_o the_o commodity_n both_o of_o asia_n and_o europe_n and_o be_v equal_o distant_a between_o cairo_n and_o the_o city_n of_o suachen_n or_o suasuem_n once_o the_o principal_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n situate_v on_o the_o red-sea_n but_o now_o in_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o great_a emperor_n of_o the_o abassins_n from_o which_o be_v commodious_a navigation_n to_o brava_n melinda_n quiloa_n and_o other_o place_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o abex_n and_o mosambique_n as_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o trade_n on_o africa_n side_n in_o the_o rea-sea_n i_o hold_v it_o here_o worthy_a a_o better_a and_o more_o serious_a survey_n chap._n xxxii_o suachen_fw-ge on_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o trade_n suachen_fw-ge on_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o suachen_n famous_a for_o four_o excellency_n needful_a in_o trade_n suachen_n be_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a city_n of_o the_o orient_a situate_v within_o the_o arabic_a gulf_n in_o the_o coast_n of_o aethiopia_n sub_fw-la aegypto_n and_o among_o all_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o orient_a this_o be_v account_v equal_a if_o not_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o four_o thing_n the_o first_o in_o the_o goodness_n and_o security_n of_o the_o haven_n the_o second_o in_o the_o facility_n and_o good_a service_n for_o lade_n and_o unlade_v of_o ship_n the_o three_o in_o the_o traffic_n with_o very_o strange_a and_o remote_a people_n and_o country_n and_o of_o divers_a behaviour_n the_o four_o in_o the_o strength_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n as_o for_o the_o goodness_n and_o security_n of_o the_o port_n nature_n have_v so_o make_v it_o that_o it_o be_v defend_v from_o all_o storm_n whatsoever_o the_o haven_n be_v capacious_a and_o large_a of_o smooth_a tide_n the_o ground_n good_a and_o able_a in_o circuit_n to_o hold_v 300_o great_a sail_n of_o burden_n with_o water_n at_o all_o time_n from_o six_o to_o twelve_o fathom_n the_o ship_n be_v lade_v round_o about_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o city_n cast_v only_o a_o plank_n into_o the_o merchant_n warehouse_n where_o their_o ware_n be_v keep_v and_o the_o galley_n fasten_v themselves_o to_o the_o stone_n and_o door_n of_o their_o house_n set_v their_o prow_n over_o the_o street_n and_o by_o they_o as_o by_o bridge_n they_o be_v commodious_o lade_v or_o unlade_v and_o second_o as_o touch_v the_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n thereof_o few_o city_n can_v in_o these_o part_n be_v compare_v with_o it_o for_o this_o city_n be_v find_v to_o have_v traffic_n with_o all_o india_n intra_fw-la and_o extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la that_o be_v cambaia_n tanacerim_n pegu_n mallacca_n and_o with_o the_o arabic_a with_o judea_n cairo_n and_o alexandria_n as_o i_o say_v above_o and_o with_o all_o aethiopia_n and_o the_o land_n of_o abexi_n from_o whence_o it_o gather_v great_a abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o ivory_n three_o for_o the_o situation_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v such_o as_o if_o nature_n have_v frame_v it_o purposely_o for_o a_o royal_a mart_n for_o it_o be_v a_o island_n round_o in_o form_n encompass_v with_o many_o shold_n and_o flat_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o port_n and_o city_n occupy_v and_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o island_n so_o that_o it_o may_v as_o proper_o be_v term_v a_o island_n of_o a_o city_n as_o a_o city_n in_o a_o island_n for_o there_o be_v no_o one_o foot_n of_o waste_a ground_n upon_o the_o whole_a island_n but_o be_v employ_v in_o house_n and_o magazine_n the_o manner_n of_o trade_n here_o as_o far_o as_o i_o
therein_o be_v find_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o turk_n persian_n arabian_n armenian_n and_o other_o of_o sundry_a country_n and_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a traffic_n thereof_o it_o be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o most_o profitable_a revenue_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v in_o all_o india_n for_o that_o the_o banian_o gusurate_n rumo_n and_o persian_n which_o traffic_n in_o cambaia_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o red-sea_n and_o mecca_n do_v both_o discharge_v their_o ware_n and_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n here_o at_o diu_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a situation_n thereof_o as_o lie_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o cambaia_n and_o from_o diu_n it_o be_v ship_v and_o send_v to_o cambaia_n and_o so_o bring_v back_o again_o to_o diu._n coast_n commodity_n of_o diu_n and_o that_o coast_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o place_n and_o this_o coast_n be_v first_o fine_a cotton-linen_n of_o sundry_a sort_n which_o they_o call_v jorim_n sluyer_n and_o lamparad_n and_o which_o we_o call_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o calico_n also_o cocos_fw-la oil_n india_n nut_n butter_n pitch_n tar_n sugar_n candy_v iron_n good_a store_n and_o most_o excellent_a and_o fair_a leather_n which_o be_v artificial_o wrought_v with_o silk_n of_o all_o colour_n both_o flower_n and_o personage_n and_o which_o be_v in_o india_n much_o esteem_v to_o lay_v upon_o bed_n and_o table_n instead_o of_o carpet_n and_o coverlet_n they_o make_v also_o here_o all_o sort_n of_o curious_a dsek_n cupboard_n chest_n box_n standish_v and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a device_n in_o wood_n guild_v with_o variety_n of_o colour_n wrought_v with_o imagery_n and_o mother_n of_o pearl_n which_o be_v carry_v hence_o throughout_o all_o india_n but_o especial_o to_o goa_n and_o cochin_n against_o the_o time_n that_o the_o portugal_n ship_n come_v thither_o to_o take_v in_o their_o lade_n to_o go_v homeward_o other_o observation_n of_o the_o further_a trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o refer_v to_o goa_n the_o metropolis_n of_o india_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o portugal_n to_o which_o all_o the_o other_o fort_n possess_v by_o the_o portugal_n in_o some_o sort_n have_v a_o reference_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o trade_n chap._n xc_o of_o cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o cambaia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cambaia_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o call_v be_v a_o fair_a and_o large_a city_n and_o contain_v some_o year_n past_o 800000_o person_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o famous_a river_n indus_n and_o there_o the_o river_n enlarge_v itself_o to_o a_o great_a breadth_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o vacas_n have_v the_o island_n of_o diu_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o city_n of_o deman_n and_o surrat_n on_o the_o other_o it_o be_v absolute_o the_o great_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o these_o part_n and_o therein_o be_v a_o factory_a seat_v for_o the_o traffic_n in_o these_o country_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a east-india_n company_n here_o be_v also_o find_v a_o great_a concurrency_n of_o merchant_n as_o well_o of_o christian_n as_o of_o persian_n arabian_n and_o armenian_n but_o the_o native_n which_o be_v call_v the_o gusurate_n and_o banian_o be_v esteem_v the_o great_a and_o most_o politic_a merchant_n of_o all_o india_n and_o hold_v in_o subtlety_n equal_a with_o any_o nation_n under_o the_o sun_n cambaia_n commodity_n of_o cambaia_n the_o commodity_n for_o traffic_n that_o this_o country_n either_o natural_o afford_v or_o be_v artificial_o here_o fabricate_v be_v corn_n rice_n and_o such_o grain_n butter_n and_o oil_n wherewith_o for_o their_o abundance_n they_o furnish_v all_o the_o country_n round_a about_o they_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n linen_n be_v here_o make_v which_o we_o term_v calico_n of_o all_o sort_n call_v by_o they_o canequin_n boffetta_n jarin_n cantares_fw-la and_o other_o of_o sundry_a kind_n of_o make_v from_o the_o very_o coarse_a wherewith_o they_o make_v their_o sail_n for_o ship_n to_o the_o fine_a which_o be_v by_o we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o callico_n lawn_n also_o here_o be_v make_v sundry_a fine_a carpet_n call_v alcatiffe_n and_o banquy_n also_o many_o sort_n of_o coverlet_n call_v codorin_n also_o many_o manufacture_n of_o wood_n carve_v and_o embellish_v some_o with_o mother_n of_o pearl_n and_o some_o with_o silver_n and_o such_o like_a also_o here_o be_v find_v sundry_a sort_n of_o precious_a stone_n as_o spinal_n ruby_n granad_n jacinth_n amethyst_n chrysolite_n amber_n agat_n jaspe_n also_o sundry_a drug_n as_o opium_n camphora_n bangue_n and_o sandalwood_n sugar_n and_o last_o and_o principal_o anil_n or_o indigo_n be_v here_o grow_v prepare_v and_o make_v ready_a and_o from_o hence_o carry_v throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o principal_a place_n in_o this_o country_n afford_v the_o same_o be_v bianny_n fetterbarre_n sherkis_n lahore_n and_o other_o place_n thereabouts_o thereof_o surrat_n and_o baroche_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o to_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o famous_a port_n of_o surrat_n and_o baroche_n be_v as_o be_v cambaia_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o seat_v in_o this_o tract_n which_o because_o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n i_o do_v not_o find_v to_o vary_v from_o the_o former_a i_o willing_o omit_v and_o therefore_o comprehend_v they_o under_o this_o chapter_n and_o title_n proceed_v to_o the_o current_a coin_n weight_n and_o measure_v find_v in_o use_n and_o practise_v in_o these_o city_n as_o in_o subjection_n to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o prince_n who_o be_v sovereignt_n hereof_o country_n coin_n of_o cambaia_n and_o mogul_n country_n the_o ancient_a current_n and_o general_a coin_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o mahmudy_n stamp_v by_o that_o famous_a king_n mahmood_n in_o the_o first_o conquest_n of_o these_o country_n which_o be_v account_v for_o res_n of_o portugal_n and_o by_o the_o english_a there_o resident_a estimate_v 12_o d._n sterling_a but_o the_o grand_a mogul_n be_v the_o last_o conqueror_n prohibit_v the_o say_a coin_n of_o mahmudis_n and_o therefore_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v find_v very_o scarce_o yet_o most_o frequent_a in_o gusurat_n the_o most_o current_a coin_n now_o throughout_o his_o territory_n be_v the_o ruppie_n of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n which_o be_v the_o casanna_n ruppia_n which_o be_v the_o common_a ruppia_n worth_n in_o india_n ¼_n mahomudy_n and_o estimate_v incirca_fw-la 2_o s._n 3_o d._n sterling_a the_o jacquiree_n ruppie_n 5_o of_o which_o make_v 6_o casanna_n ruppy_n the_o soway_a ruppie_n 4_o whereof_o make_v 5_o casanna_n ruppy_n the_o hondee_n ruppie_n of_o equal_a value_n with_o the_o casanna_n ruppie_n abovesaid_a cambaia_n account_n keep_v in_o surrat_n and_o cambaia_n and_o in_o these_o last_o do_v the_o merchant_n of_o gusurat_n keep_v their_o account_n beside_o which_o they_o have_v for_o small_a coin_n current_n these_o the_o pice_n account_v 24_o to_o the_o mamody_n which_o be_v 10_o d._n sterling_a the_o shahee_n account_v to_o the_o 16_o picos_fw-la or_o 10_o cosbeg_n and_o some_o there_o be_v that_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o mahomodis_n account_v 2½_n mahomody_n to_o be_v one_o hondee_n or_o casanna_n ruppie_n be_v thus_o estimate_v for_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n sterling_a as_o 2_o ruppy_n be_v account_v for_o 1_o â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a though_o indeed_o not_o find_v always_o of_o that_o value_n for_o the_o ruppie_n be_v here_o observe_v with_o the_o right_n of_o a_o prince_n coin_n and_o the_o â„ž_o â—_o for_o a_o merchandise_n or_o commodity_n rise_v and_o fall_v the_o say_v ruppia_n in_o agra_n be_v find_v to_o pass_v for_o 84_o pices_fw-la but_o this_o be_v thus_o most_o current_a in_o amadever_n lahoro_n and_o other_o the_o place_n where_o the_o christian_n of_o europe_n and_o other_o do_v provide_v and_o buy_v their_o indigo_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o two_o of_o the_o say_v ruppia_n make_v in_o ordinary_a payment_n for_o merchandise_n 1_o â„ž_o â—_o spanish_a dominion_n weight_n in_o cambaia_n surrat_n agra_n and_o the_o mogul_n dominion_n there_o be_v general_o find_v throughout_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n two_o several_a weight_n the_o one_o proper_a to_o silk_n and_o the_o other_o for_o all_o merchandise_n beside_o and_o both_o of_o these_o have_v their_o foundation_n upon_o a_o weight_n of_o copper_n call_v as_o the_o coin_n aforesaid_a the_o pice_n a_o pice_n in_o silk_n be_v account_v 5½_n mitigals_o a_o mitigal_n be_v about_o 13_o d._n 10_o troy_n a_o pice_n of_o silk_n be_v also_o account_v for_o 2_o toll_n 1_o toll_n be_v 12_o mass_n a_o sear_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o small_a and_o great_a the_o small_a sear_n be_v ordinary_o use_v in_o silk_n and_o account_v 30_o toll_n now_o for_o the_o common_a weight_n
own_o ancient_a law_n and_o privilege_n which_o they_o enjoy_v from_o the_o knight_n their_o old_a master_n at_o the_o resignation_n of_o this_o country_n to_o that_o king_n rhiga_n commodity_n of_o rhiga_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n for_o merchandize_v and_o exportation_n be_v corn_n and_o grain_n of_o all_o sort_n hemp_n flax_n honey_n wax_n rosin_n tar_n horse_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o martin_n ermine_n sable_n bevers_n and_o the_o like_a not_o want_v any_o necessary_a for_o nourishment_n save_o wine_n and_o oil_n which_o foreign_a nation_n do_v bring_v they_o rhiga_n weight_n of_o rhiga_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n be_v the_o pound_n 20_o pound_n whereof_o make_v a_o lispound_n and_o 20_o lispound_n make_v a_o ship-pound_n and_o 12_o ship_n pound_n be_v 4000_o pound_n be_v account_v a_o last_o of_o rye_n both_o here_o and_o at_o narva_n and_o the_o 100_o pound_n of_o london_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v here_o 116_o pound_n rhiga_n measure_n of_o rhiga_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o ell_n agree_v with_o the_o ell_n in_o use_n in_o kevel_n conixburg_n and_o narva_n 100_o yard_n london_n make_v 160½_n incirca_fw-la rhiga_n coin_n in_o rhiga_n the_o coin_n and_o account_n differ_v not_o much_o here_o in_o value_n from_o the_o other_o beforementioned_a yet_o find_v to_o differ_v in_o appellation_n for_o the_o rix-dollar_n and_o the_o mark-lups_a be_v here_o all_o one_o which_o make_v two_o swedens_fw-fr or_o common_a mark_n and_o one_o sweden_n be_v eight_o lups-shilling_n one_o lup_n be_v two_o shilling_n one_o shilling_n be_v twelve_o penny_n and_o one_o penny_n be_v two_o heller_n chap._n ccxxviii_o of_o revel_v and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o revel_v and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o revel_n be_v nothing_o inferior_a for_o trade_n to_o rhiga_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n of_o the_o balâ—…_n sea_n famous_v in_o these_o northern_a country_n for_o the_o safety_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n it_o be_v well_o store_v of_o merchant_n that_o frequent_v the_o place_n for_o the_o traffic_n of_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o nominate_v in_o the_o aforegoing_a chapter_n the_o inhabitant_n stand_v much_o upon_o theâ—_n ancient_a privilege_n grant_v they_o by_o their_o old_a master_n the_o teutonick_n knight_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n of_o swedeland_n for_o protector_n to_o who_o they_o yield_v obedience_n the_o keep_n of_o which_o cost_v he_o 100000_o crown_n yearly_a as_o natural_o defend_v his_o own_o and_o offend_v his_o neighbour_n territory_n this_o city_n in_o one_o thing_n have_v a_o large_a freedom_n than_o rhiga_n and_o be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o lubeck_n for_o coin_v of_o money_n which_o they_o do_v four_o square_a yet_o be_v bind_v to_o stamp_v the_o same_o of_o the_o same_o worth_a and_o value_n as_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o poland_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v further_o to_o insist_v thereupon_o revel_n weight_n of_o revel_n their_o common_a weight_n be_v a_o pound_n their_o ship-pound_n be_v 400_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v here_o 116_o l._n revel_n exchange_n of_o revel_n there_o be_v find_v some_o exchange_n practise_v in_o these_o part_n by_o the_o mark_n swedens_fw-fr of_o 16_o s._n and_o by_o the_o mark-lups_a of_o 32_o s._n etc._n etc._n revel_n measure_n of_o revel_n their_o common_a measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o conixburg_n and_o râ—…_n the_o 100_o yard_n london_n make_v by_o computation_n incirca_fw-la 166½_n ell_n here_o narva_n also_o seat_v 〈◊〉_d this_o tract_n agree_v in_o weight_n and_o measure_n with_o revel_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o inâ—…_n further_o thereupon_o chap._n ccxxix_o of_o stralsont_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o stralsont_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o stralsont_n lie_v also_o in_o this_o tract_n and_o be_v find_v seat_v on_o the_o baltic_a sea_n opposite_a to_o the_o island_n of_o raugi_n where_o the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n first_o land_v in_o his_o invasion_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o pomeran_n and_o in_o who_o cause_n it_o have_v endure_v long_a and_o straight_o siege_n but_o be_v well_o and_o strong_o fortify_v by_o suffer_v it_o overcome_v and_o 〈◊〉_d now_o account_v a_o famous_a mart_n in_o these_o northern_a part_n for_o grain_n pitch_n tar_n rosin_n honey_n wax_n hides_n tallow_n and_o the_o like_a here_o pass_v in_o merchandise_n the_o money_n of_o norâ—…_n denmark_n sweden_n and_o germany_n of_o all_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v and_o the_o duke_n have_v also_o a_o pecular_a coin_n which_o be_v stamp_v in_o equal_a value_n to_o the_o imperial_a dollar_n as_o above_o be_v say_v stralsont_n weight_n of_o stralsont_n the_o weight_n of_o stralsont_n be_v the_o pound_n 10_o whereof_o be_v account_v for_o a_o stone_n and_o 16_o for_o a_o lispound_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n have_v produce_v here_o about_o 88_o in_o 89_o pound_n stralsont_n measure_n of_o stralsont_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n and_o be_v find_v to_o agree_v with_o the_o ell_n of_o statin_n as_o be_v show_v hereafter_o julin_n julin_n i_o must_v not_o here_o omit_v a_o word_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o julin_n seat_v in_o the_o duchy_n and_o which_o once_o be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o this_o sea_n for_o here_o the_o vandâ—…_n saxon_n muscovite_n polonian_n swede_n english_a dane_n and_o german_n have_v their_o several_a quartes_n of_o residency_n for_o commerce_n and_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n be_v bring_v â—ither_o by_o these_o nation_n it_o be_v note_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v the_o last_o of_o all_o these_o northern_a people_n that_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n by_o reason_n that_o be_v in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o prosperity_n perceive_v the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n to_o thrive_v and_o increase_v in_o all_o their_o neighbour_a territory_n strict_o prohibit_v that_o no_o stranger_n whatsoever_o here_o resident_a shall_v embrace_v the_o same_o nor_o that_o any_o shall_v as_o much_o as_o mention_v any_o new_a religion_n unto_o they_o but_o in_o these_o latter_a day_n their_o great_a traffic_n be_v lose_v and_o they_o be_v become_v religious_a according_a to_o the_o superstition_n of_o that_o religion_n they_o use_v and_o since_o have_v suffer_v much_o by_o the_o vexation_n of_o the_o continual_a waâ—_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o appear_v now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n ruin_v where_o i_o leave_v it_o and_o pass_v thence_o to_o the_o next_o town_n of_o pomeran_n chap._n ccxxx_o of_o stetin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o stetin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o stetin_n be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o pomerania_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o other_o in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o delightsome_a soil_n and_o carry_v in_o these_o northern_a region_n that_o renown_n that_o from_o hence_o the_o duke_n of_o stetin_n in_o pomerland_n have_v their_o appellation_n the_o city_n abound_v in_o all_o commodity_n for_o merchandise_n that_o the_o neighbour_a country_n afford_v and_o of_o itself_o it_o yield_v to_o merehant_n the_o commodity_n common_a to_o prusen_v sweden_n and_o polonia_n for_o its_o defence_n it_o be_v strengthen_v on_o all_o side_n with_o rampart_n ditch_n and_o good_a artillery_n the_o river_n of_o other_o be_v beautify_v with_o many_o useful_a and_o necessary_a bridge_n the_o one_o whereof_o be_v purposely_o make_v to_o lead_v to_o the_o granary_n and_o storehouse_n where_o the_o corn_n and_o grain_n either_o for_o store_n or_o exportation_n be_v lay_v up_o and_o where_o their_o arsenal_n be_v seat_v in_o which_o their_o warlike_a provision_n be_v keep_v and_o where_o vessel_n of_o all_o sort_n both_o for_o sea_n and_o river_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o be_v fabricate_v beside_o the_o several_a church_n and_o college_n that_o adorn_v this_o city_n the_o duke_n palace_n must_v be_v account_v as_o the_o principal_a ornament_n build_v of_o that_o art_n and_o sumptuousness_n that_o it_o give_v not_o place_n to_o the_o most_o excellent_a in_o italy_n in_o fine_a stetin_n be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v the_o least_o of_o the_o hans-town_n and_o though_o the_o prince_n be_v daily_o there_o resident_n yet_o it_o prove_v no_o way_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o privilege_n thereof_o stetin_n commodity_n of_o stetin_n the_o commodity_n of_o this_o city_n be_v for_o merchandize_v such_o as_o all_o the_o east_n country_n afford_v viz._n tar_n pitch_n rosin_n honey_n wax_n hides_n grain_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o fur_n stetin_n weight_n of_o stetin_n the_o weight_n of_o this_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o kind_n derive_v from_o the_o pound_n weight_n here_o in_o use_n the_o quintar_n be_v account_v 112_o l._n of_o this_o place_n and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o be_v the_o stone_n which_o be_v also_o of_o two_o sort_n as_o a_o
account_n and_o divers_a way_n be_v use_v in_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a city_n and_o country_n therein_o as_o in_o some_o city_n of_o italy_n some_o be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o lyre_n soldi_n and_o denari_fw-la and_o some_o again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o crown_n or_o scudi_fw-la soldi_n and_o denari_fw-la as_o the_o like_a in_o england_n be_v note_v some_o as_o before_o observe_v their_o rule_n of_o account_n in_o mark_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o and_o those_o the_o most_o usual_a and_o common_a in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n sterling_n the_o which_o be_v necessary_a both_o due_o to_o be_v learn_v and_o true_o to_o be_v know_v and_o understand_v by_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o and_o exercise_v the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v and_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n divers_a the_o method_n use_v in_o account_n be_v divers_a now_o for_o the_o method_n use_v in_o keep_v these_o account_n every_o country_n and_o nation_n be_v observe_v to_o frame_v to_o themselves_o way_n mean_n and_o rule_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v perform_v and_o perfect_v and_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n every_o country_n a_o peculiar_a form_n by_o themselves_o creditor_n the_o best_a be_v by_o way_n of_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n the_o general_a know_a method_n and_o best_a form_n be_v by_o the_o laudable_a and_o excellent_a way_n of_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n first_o invent_v in_o italy_n and_o now_o general_o practise_v by_o most_o part_n of_o the_o eminent_a merchant_n of_o europe_n receive_v for_o the_o most_o absolute_a best_a and_o true_a method_n of_o account_n that_o hitherto_o have_v be_v find_v out_o and_o invent_v which_o here_o to_o set_v down_o will_v challenge_v a_o volume_n by_o itself_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o necessity_n of_o this_o knowledge_n that_o every_o merchant_n shall_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o profession_n be_v well_o verse_v and_o see_v therein_o the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v universal_o know_v and_o daily_o teach_v ay_o reser_fw-ge to_o my_o good_a friend_n master_n ralph_n handson_n and_o master_n valentine_n markham_n who_o be_v both_o excellent_a and_o excellent_o learn_v therein_o accountant_a four_o rule_n require_v in_o a_o accountant_a conclude_v this_o place_n with_o four_o principal_a rule_n require_v and_o not_o to_o be_v omit_v by_o such_o as_o have_v to_o do_v and_o practice_v account_n in_o merchandize_v circumstance_n 1._o to_o write_v all_o and_o all_o circumstance_n first_o it_o be_v require_v that_o in_o his_o account-keeping_a he_o write_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o passage_n thereof_o and_o thereto_o belong_v with_o all_o circumstance_n of_o time_n price_n and_o other_o condition_n in_o every_o bargain_n contract_n adventure_n receipt_n of_o good_n sale_n etc._n etc._n in_o which_o though_o there_o shall_v afterward_o appear_v a_o error_n either_o by_o disorderly_a charge_v or_o by_o over_o and_o under_o charge_v yet_o it_o will_v easy_o at_o a_o second_o view_n be_v both_o correct_v and_o amend_v he_o 2._o not_o to_o suffer_v his_o account_n to_o outrun_v he_o second_o it_o be_v require_v that_o he_o never_o come_v behindhand_o with_o his_o account_n by_o let_v the_o same_o run_v overlong_a or_o be_v daily_o finish_v the_o trouble_n will_v be_v nothing_o but_o be_v a_o while_n neglect_v a_o man_n be_v still_o find_v to_o be_v the_o loath_a and_o loath_a to_o go_v in_o hand_n therewith_o and_o thus_o grow_a more_o loath_a every_o day_n than_o other_o when_o necessity_n constrain_v he_o either_o he_o be_v enforce_v to_o mumble_v they_o up_o to_o his_o own_o prejudice_n or_o to_o cast_v they_o off_o and_o to_o neglect_v they_o altogether_o to_o his_o own_o shame_n and_o undo_n perfect_a 3._o to_o keep_v they_o true_a and_o perfect_a three_o it_o be_v require_v that_o he_o keep_v they_o just_a true_a and_o perfect_a and_o not_o to_o falsify_v any_o parcel_n matter_n or_o thing_n nor_o yet_o interline_v or_o shuffle_v one_o matter_n with_o another_o but_o to_o set_v every_o thing_n either_o apportain_v to_o himself_o or_o to_o any_o other_o plain_o direct_o and_o orderly_o down_o arithmetician_n 4._o that_o he_o be_v a_o good_a arithmetician_n last_o it_o be_v require_v that_o he_o be_v well_o skilled_a in_o the_o art_n of_o arithmetic_n and_o number_v which_o indeed_o be_v the_o principal_a step_n to_o this_o art_n of_o account_v and_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n without_o which_o knowledge_n let_v none_o dare_v to_o entitle_v himself_o a_o merchant_n nor_o expect_v a_o benefit_n from_o this_o work_n for_o the_o skill_n whereof_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o learner_n the_o judicious_a and_o excellent_a arithmetician_n of_o this_o city_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o general_a point_n of_o commerce_n which_o be_v measure_n chap._n viii_o of_o measure_n in_o general_n use_v in_o merchandize_v and_o comprehend_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n general_n of_o measure_n in_o general_n the_o next_o material_a point_n here_o handle_v be_v the_o measure_n in_o general_a use_v in_o all_o kingdom_n and_o know_a city_n of_o trade_n by_o mean_n whereof_o a_o certain_a way_n and_o method_n be_v find_v out_o and_o invent_v to_o distinguish_v and_o order_v by_o rule_n the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o all_o commodity_n measurable_a especial_o accustom_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o fabric_n either_o linen_n woollen_a silk_n or_o other_o stuff_n and_o this_o be_v observe_v also_o as_o in_o weight_n to_o have_v a_o special_a prerogative_n in_o many_o bargain_n and_o contract_n where_o either_o buy_v or_o sell_v of_o thing_n measurable_a be_v subsistent_a and_o in_o use_n be_v grant_v to_o be_v a_o fundamental_a point_n of_o all_o the_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o thereby_o as_o by_o weight_n many_o commutation_n be_v regulate_v many_o account_n be_v frame_v and_o profit_n and_o loss_n be_v also_o thereby_o find_v out_o and_o distinguish_v it_o be_v also_o estimate_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o standard_n of_o kingdom_n and_o city_n magistrate_n false_a measure_n punishable_a by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o therefore_o as_o well_o as_o weight_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o approbation_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a magistrate_n and_o therefore_o to_o add_v or_o detract_v therefrom_o be_v ever_o in_o all_o country_n hold_v punishable_a and_o account_v a_o capital_a crime_n measure_n divers_a country_n have_v divers_a measure_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v find_v so_o diverse_o to_o vary_v that_o every_o city_n and_o province_n be_v note_v almost_o to_o have_v as_o well_o a_o distinct_a measure_n as_o a_o distinct_a weight_n which_o in_o themselves_o oftentimes_o be_v find_v much_o to_o differ_v and_o some_o particular_a city_n be_v observe_v by_o custom_n to_o have_v divers_a measure_n for_o divers_a sort_n of_o commodity_n as_o it_o be_v see_v practise_v by_o example_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n where_o the_o yard_n be_v account_v the_o common_a measure_n for_o cloth_n and_o woollen_a and_o silk_n etc._n etc._n the_o ell_n account_v the_o common_a measure_n for_o linen_n and_o the_o goad_n for_o frize_n cotton_n and_o the_o like_a which_o in_o many_o other_o country_n be_v also_o observable_a josephus_n â—ain_o the_o first_o inventor_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n josephus_n and_o as_o for_o measure_n in_o the_o general_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o first_o measure_n that_o be_v to_o this_o end_n invent_v be_v the_o cubit_n agree_v as_o some_o imagine_v with_o the_o half_a ell_n the_o which_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n or_o quarter_n and_o every_o quarter_n into_o four_o inch_n peradventure_o this_o be_v in_o those_o time_n a_o general_a rule_n to_o all_o nation_n but_o time_n and_o traffic_n have_v since_o give_v to_o every_o country_n a_o particular_a measure_n and_o therewith_o a_o peculiar_a law_n of_o measure_v which_o contain_v a_o succinct_a length_n by_o itself_o which_o at_o this_o day_n we_o see_v practise_v through_o most_o part_n of_o the_o know_a world_n in_o several_a way_n and_o thus_o diversity_n of_o place_n give_v also_o diversity_n of_o name_n to_o their_o measure_n such_o as_o be_v the_o ell_n yard_n goad_n fathom_n cane_n auln_v brace_n pico_n stick_v palm_n vare_fw-la covado_fw-mi and_o the_o like_a body_n measure_n of_o solid_a body_n but_o invention_n by_o the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o time_n grow_v more_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a and_o find_v that_o neither_o weight_n nor_o yet_o this_o measure_n can_v extend_v itself_o to_o all_o commodity_n use_v in_o and_o by_o way_n of_o merchandise_n the_o art_n of_o measure_v of_o solid_a body_n become_v to_o be_v hence_o produce_v as_o we_o see_v it_o in_o use_n in_o the_o measure_n of_o timber_n stone_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n neither_o yet_o be_v commerce_n satisfy_v herewith_o commodity_n measure_n of_o dry_a and_o liquid_a
considerable_a though_o not_o the_o big_a be_v not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n long_o lie_v in_o 15_o degree_n latitude_n it_o have_v once_o a_o fair_a town_n call_v riblera_n but_o sack_v and_o burn_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n anno_fw-la 1585._o and_o afterward_o in_o anno_fw-la 1596._o by_o sir_n anthony_n shirley_n it_o run_v the_o same_o fate_n it_o be_v at_o present_a pretty_a well_o inhabit_a and_z have_v a_o convenient_a harbour_n call_v the_o prie_n secure_v by_o a_o castle_n where_o ship_n may_v ride_v with_o its_o leave_n in_o safety_n they_o have_v some_o quantity_n of_o sugar_n sweetmeat_n and_o coco-nut_n be_v their_o chief_a commodity_n which_o they_o exchange_v for_o such_o commodity_n as_o they_o want_v for_o clothing_n as_o cloth_n stuff_v of_o several_a sort_n linen_n hat_n and_o the_o like_a they_o have_v very_o large_a and_o good_a cattle_n which_o they_o sell_v at_o easy_a rate_n about_o 25_o s._n aplece_n also_o horse_n of_o excellent_a shape_n and_o metal_n but_o they_o be_v contrabando_n good_n and_o not_o to_o be_v deal_v in_o without_o leave_n from_o the_o governor_n under_o no_o less_o penalty_n than_o forfeiture_n of_o ship_n and_o good_n if_o he_o get_v you_o in_o his_o command_n but_o by_o graruity_n and_o a_o particular_a trade_n with_o he_o small_a number_n be_v sometime_o admit_v to_o be_v carry_v from_o thence_o attempt_n ocknam_n brave_a attempt_n if_o i_o shall_v silent_o pass_v over_o the_o attempt_n of_o one_o john_n ocknam_n a_o follower_n of_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o his_o world_n incompassment_n in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v much_o wrong_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o so_o much_o worth_n this_o man_n as_o mr._n hackluit_n have_v it_o with_o 70_o companion_n in_o a_o creek_n a_o little_a above_o these_o town_n draw_v on_o shore_n his_o bark_n cover_v the_o same_o with_o bough_n and_o leaf_n and_o so_o leave_v it_o march_v over_o with_o his_o company_n guide_v by_o some_o negro_n until_o he_o come_v to_o a_o river_n which_o run_v into_o the_o south-sea_n which_o by_o relation_n and_o mercator_n map_n may_v be_v tomobonda_n or_o the_o creek_n of_o ventura_n where_o he_o cut_v down_o timber_n build_v he_o a_o frigate_n enter_v the_o south-sea_n go_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o pearl_n lay_v there_o 10_o day_n and_o there_o inteicept_v in_o two_o spanish_a ship_n 60000_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n and_o 200000_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n in_o ingot_n with_o divers_a other_o rich_a commodity_n and_o after_o that_o return_v safe_o again_o to_o the_o main_a land_n where_o row_v up_o the_o same_o stream_n where_o his_o frigate_n be_v build_v he_o be_v discover_v by_o some_o feather_n pluck_v from_o certain_a fowl_n they_o have_v kill_v for_o their_o provision_n which_o swim_v upon_o the_o river_n down_o the_o current_n and_o though_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o be_v take_v and_o return_v not_o into_o his_o country_n nor_o yet_o his_o hide_a vessel_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o adventure_n that_o deserve_v a_o remembrance_n from_o all_o such_o as_o be_v lover_n of_o their_o country_n honour_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o admiration_n by_o the_o spanish_a writer_n that_o have_v make_v mention_n thereof_o nova_n andalusia_n nova_n andalusia_n nova_n be_v the_o second_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v santa_n margarita_n and_o santa_n sperita_n granada_n nova_fw-la granada_n nova_fw-la granada_n be_v the_o three_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v jungia_n a_o pleasant_a and_o strong_a town_n direct_o seat_v under_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o next_o be_v st._n foy_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n cartagena_n cartagena_n cartagena_n be_v the_o four_o account_v a_o fruitful_a soil_n but_o therein_o be_v find_v a_o tree_n that_o whosoever_o touch_v do_v hardly_o escape_v poison_v the_o chief_a city_n be_v cartagena_n which_o our_o countryman_n sir_n frances_n drake_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o surprise_a where_o beside_o inestimable_a sum_n of_o money_n he_o take_v with_o he_o from_o hence_o 240_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n province_n guiana_n second_o province_n guiana_n be_v the_o second_o province_n direct_o situate_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n and_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o peruana_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o wintertime_n dwell_v in_o tree_n for_o fear_v of_o inundation_n on_o which_o they_o build_v many_o pretty_a village_n and_o artificial_a mansion_n it_o be_v water_v with_o two_o goodly_a river_n the_o one_o have_v the_o name_n of_o orinoque_n or_o rather_o raliana_n borrow_v the_o same_o from_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n who_o first_o of_o all_o to_o any_o purpose_n make_v a_o plenary_a survey_n of_o this_o country_n with_o the_o commodity_n and_o situation_n thereof_o in_o an._n 1595._o and_o find_v this_o river_n navigable_a for_o great_a ship_n of_o burden_n 1000_o mile_n and_o for_o boat_n and_o pinnace_n 2000_o mile_n the_o other_o river_n be_v call_v orellana_n or_o the_o amazon_n discover_v 1543._o the_o which_o be_v find_v navigable_a 6000_o mile_n and_o 200_o mile_n broad_a at_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o sea_n city_n manoa_n the_o golden_a city_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o country_n and_o if_o spanish_a writer_n may_v herein_o be_v believe_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o world_n be_v here_o find_v and_o call_v manoa_n or_o as_o diego_n ordas_n the_o discoverer_n call_v it_o el_fw-es dorado_n or_o the_o golden_a from_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n both_o in_o coin_n plate_n armour_n and_o other_o furniture_n which_o he_o there_o see_v this_o discoverer_n or_o traveller_n for_o by_o that_o name_n the_o truth_n of_o his_o wondrous_a relation_n may_v be_v the_o better_o consider_v be_v say_v to_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o city_n at_o noon_n and_o to_o have_v travel_v all_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o also_o until_o night_n through_o the_o street_n hereof_o before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o peradventure_o be_v the_o policy_n of_o those_o people_n as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o to_o be_v in_o constantinople_n in_o anno_fw-la 1621._o when_o as_o the_o duke_n of_o avarascah_n come_v with_o a_o great_a train_n in_o embassy_n from_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o sultan_n osman_n the_o then_o great_a turk_n after_o his_o unfortunate_a expedition_n to_o poland_n cause_v he_o and_o his_o whole_a train_n to_o be_v lead_v a_o whole_a afternoon_n through_o the_o most_o eminent_a street_n of_o that_o city_n when_o he_o first_o enter_v the_o same_o and_o so_o to_o his_o appoint_a lodging_n whereas_o a_o hour_n easy_a walk_n to_o he_o that_o bid_v know_v the_o direct_a way_n will_v easy_o have_v serve_v the_o turn_n perchance_o imagine_v this_o a_o fit_a way_n to_o demonstrate_v to_o the_o ambassador_n the_o beauty_n and_o vastness_n of_o that_o city_n together_o with_o his_o own_o greatness_n in_o ostentation_n and_o to_o recover_v that_o honour_n and_o repute_v which_o he_o have_v a_o little_a before_o lose_v by_o the_o insolency_n and_o cowardice_n of_o his_o soldier_n in_o his_o say_a expedition_n thither_o province_n peru_n the_o three_o province_n the_o three_o province_n be_v peru_n which_o above_o all_o other_o in_o america_n abound_v in_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o mine_n whereof_o in_o divers_a place_n be_v better_a store_v with_o metal_n than_o with_o earth_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v st._n michael_n the_o first_o colony_n the_o spaniard_n place_v there_o and_o fortify_v by_o piscaro_n a_o famous_a spanish_a captain_n who_o subdue_v the_o country_n take_v the_o king_n thereof_o prisoner_n and_o have_v for_o a_o ransom_n for_o his_o liberty_n and_o life_n a_o house_n pile_v up_o on_o all_o side_n with_o refine_a gold_n and_o silver_n in_o estimation_n about_o ten_o million_o which_o when_o he_o have_v receive_v most_o perfidious_o contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n slay_v he_o by_o which_o appear_v the_o wonderful_a riches_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o which_o the_o soil_n be_v luxuriant_a in_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n fortunate_a in_o the_o civility_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n frequency_n of_o city_n and_o salubrity_n of_o air_n and_o abundant_o store_v with_o that_o herb_n tobacco_n from_o hence_o bring_v first_o into_o england_n by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n mariner_n in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o plâ—ta_fw-la râ—…la_fw-la plâ—ta_fw-la in_o this_o country_n be_v also_o now_o find_v that_o famous_a river_n call_v of_o plate_n be_v 150_o mile_n broad_a at_o the_o embesheur_fw-fr and_o above_o 2000_o mile_n long_o and_o on_o this_o stream_n be_v find_v certain_a figtree_n the_o part_n towards_o the_o river_n bear_v fruit_n in_o winter_n and_o the_o other_o part_n thereof_o towards_o the_o land_n bear_v fruit_n in_o summer_n province_n brasilia_n the_o 4_o province_n brasilia_n be_v the_o four_o afford_v a_o soil_n fat_a by_o nature_n and_o always_o flourish_a yield_a great_a store_n of_o sugar_n and_o wonderful_a rich_a in_o mine_n and_o hence_o our_o redwood_n which_o
which_o alexander_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o courtesan_n lady_n command_v to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n but_o afterward_o repent_v he_o of_o so_o great_a a_o folly_n and_o so_o unworthy_a a_o act_n he_o re-edify_v it_o though_o yet_o now_o have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o casbin_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o present_a sophy_n bring_v hither_o from_o tauris_n by_o sophie_n tamas_n persia_n commodity_n of_o persia_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n be_v in_o general_n find_v to_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v silk_n of_o all_o sort_n raw_a grow_v plentiful_o in_o 1_o bilan_n 2_o gilan_n 3_o arras_n some_o precious_a stone_n many_o sort_n of_o drug_n wrought_v silk_n chamlet_n carpet_n sash_n callico_n and_o many_o excellent_a arm_n use_v in_o war_n both_o for_o horse_n and_o man_n which_o be_v here_o so_o well_o temper_v in_o the_o frame_n and_o make_v with_o some_o virtuous_a simple_n that_o it_o make_v it_o both_o hard_a and_o excellent_a for_o use_v and_o preserve_v the_o same_o clean_a from_o any_o rust_n or_o perish_v chap._n lxxvi_o of_o casbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o casbin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o casbin_n be_v now_o account_v the_o metropolis_n of_o persia_n and_o sometime_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o sophy_n hither_o remove_v from_o tauris_n as_o i_o say_v before_o it_o be_v account_v a_o day_n journey_n about_o on_o horseback_n well_o wall_v and_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a fort_n and_o beautify_v with_o two_o fair_a seraglio_n the_o wall_n whereof_o be_v make_v of_o red_a marble_n and_o pave_v with_o mosaique_a work_n the_o chief_a street_n hereof_o be_v call_v the_o attimidan_n in_o figure_n foursquare_a each_o angle_n be_v ¼_n mile_n in_o length_n encompass_v with_o scaffold_n for_o the_o people_n to_o sit_v and_o behold_v the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n at_o their_o exercise_n of_o shoot_v ride_a run_a and_o the_o like_a this_o city_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o goodly_a fertile_a plain_n of_o three_o or_o four_o day_n journey_n in_o length_n which_o be_v furnish_v with_o near_o two_o thousand_o village_n to_o supply_v the_o necessary_a use_n thereof_o which_o do_v much_o enrich_v this_o place_n before_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o persian_n court_n to_o hispahan_n which_o be_v fourteen_o day_n journey_n further_o into_o the_o east_n casbin_n three_o excellency_n in_o casbin_n three_o place_n herein_o do_v much_o adorn_v and_o beautify_v this_o place_n first_o the_o attimidan_n aforesaid_a second_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o be_v so_o brave_a a_o fabric_n and_o so_o rich_o furnish_v that_o europe_n can_v hardly_o match_v it_o and_o last_o the_o bassar_n which_o be_v many_o in_o number_n which_o be_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o pawn_n in_o london_n where_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v all_o manner_n of_o persia_n india_n turkey_n moscovian_a and_o arabia_n commodity_n casbin_n commodity_n of_o casbin_n as_o all_o rich_a gem_n jewel_n drug_n spice_n silk_n wrought_v in_o damask_n velvet_n and_o raw_a transport_v into_o other_o country_n the_o attimidan_n serve_v the_o merchant_n for_o a_o exchange_n or_o place_n of_o meeting_n where_o every_o day_n be_v see_v a_o continual_a fair_a where_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n be_v sell_v both_o for_o back_n and_o belly_n also_o goldsmith_n exchanger_n of_o money_n and_o all_o other_o profession_n who_o come_v hither_o and_o display_v their_o commodity_n as_o to_o some_o public_a mart._n and_o the_o money_n and_o current_a coin_n here_o passable_a among_o merchant_n i_o refer_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o persia_n hispahan_n the_o present_a residence_n of_o the_o persian_a monarch_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o do_v also_o agree_v therewith_o so_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o enlarge_v myself_o further_o in_o that_o particular_a chap._n lxxvii_o of_o balsara_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o balsara_fw-it and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o balsara_n lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n euphrates_n serve_v as_o a_o magazine_n for_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o arabia_n india_n turkey_n and_o persia_n and_o as_o a_o thoroughfare_n for_o all_o merchant_n travel_v from_o one_o of_o those_o country_n to_o another_o but_o especial_o for_o such_o as_o here_o take_v ship_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o ormus_n india_n arabia_n etc._n etc._n this_o town_n be_v of_o late_a year_n subject_a to_o the_o persian_a but_o now_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o be_v the_o last_o of_o his_o dominion_n this_o way_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o water_n do_v ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o in_o no_o place_n else_o adjoin_v upon_o the_o ocean_n sea_n the_o indraught_n may_v be_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o like_a in_o venice_n it_o have_v be_v note_v in_o matter_n of_o trade_n here_o that_o there_o be_v pay_v for_o every_o sum_n of_o good_n carry_v from_o bagdate_n hither_o by_o water_n six_o sehid_n and_o from_o balsara_n to_o bagdate_v two_o medins_n per_fw-la wesnoe_n and_o 100_o wesnoe_n from_o balsara_n to_o ormus_n cost_n carriage_n 20_o lairin_n and_o the_o like_a back_n from_o ormus_n to_o balsara_n hither_o always_o come_v the_o syria_n caravan_n that_o be_v bind_v for_o india_n and_o end_v their_o land-travel_n and_o embark_v themselves_o and_o good_n for_o the_o great_a mart_n of_o ormus_n and_o cambaia_n and_o here_o return_v they_o conclude_v their_o sea-navigation_n and_o begin_v their_o land-peregrination_n for_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n balsara_n custom_n pay_v at_o balsara_n the_o custom_n payable_a at_o balsara_n as_o the_o last_o port_n of_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n who_o conquer_v the_o same_o from_o the_o persian_n in_o anno_fw-la 1550_o be_v 1_o in_o every_o 14_o sehid_n for_o gross_a commodity_n but_o it_o be_v 1_o per_fw-la 20_o or_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o clothes_n silk_n and_o fine_a good_n but_o here_o be_v a_o tare_n of_o 3_o in_o 10_o wesnoe_n allow_v both_o in_o spice_n drug_n etc._n etc._n for_o dust_n and_o upon_o silk_n for_o waste_v head_n and_o the_o like_a balsara_n price_n of_o commodity_n in_o balsara_n the_o price_n of_o commodity_n rule_v some_o year_n pass_v thus_o here_o the_o wesno_n of_o mace_n be_v worth_a in_o balsara_n 13_o ducat_n the_o wesno_n of_o nutmeg_n be_v worth_a 6_o ducat_n the_o wesno_n of_o soap_n be_v worth_a 15_o sehid_n the_o wesno_n of_o almond_n be_v 24_o sehid_n the_o wesno_n of_o gall_n be_v worth_a 10_o larin_n and_o for_o this_o weight_n of_o wesno_n it_o be_v find_v that_o 16_o wesnoe_n of_o balsara_n make_v a_o kintar_n of_o aleppo_n common_a weight_n but_o the_o 100_o wesnoe_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o silk_n of_o rotol_n 680_o d_z in_o aleppo_n make_v silk_n rot._n 529_o d_v 28._o balsara_n weight_n use_v in_o balsara_n the_o weight_n common_a here_o in_o the_o sale_n of_o commodity_n beside_o this_o wesno_n be_v the_o maund_v which_o be_v 100_o rotolo_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v make_v 500_o l._n english_a which_o be_v 5_o l._n a_o rotolo_n but_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o observation_n on_o this_o place_n make_v by_o some_o english_a that_o have_v travel_v hither_o that_o the_o 112_o l._n have_v make_v 19_o maunds_z 2¼_n rotolo_n which_o must_v be_v 5_o l._n 4¼_n ounce_n english_a the_o difference_n i_o refer_v to_o be_v rectify_v by_o the_o better_o experience_v cusâ—stan_n measure_n of_o balsara_n cusâ—stan_n their_o measure_n be_v find_v to_o be_v about_o 26_o inch_n english_a to_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o province_n in_o persia_n it_o be_v cusestan_n situate_v eastward_o from_o persia_n call_v in_o scripture_n havilah_n have_v in_o it_o susa_n a_o city_n where_o sometime_o the_o persian_a monarch_n abide_v in_o winter_n as_o be_v more_o southerly_a than_o echatana_n and_o last_o casan_n of_o which_o a_o word_n chap._n lxxviii_o of_o casan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o casan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o casan_n be_v a_o principal_a fair_a and_o famous_a city_n in_o this_o country_n but_o much_o trouble_v with_o excessive_a heat_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o large_a plain_n it_o consist_v altogether_o of_o merchandize_v and_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o all_o the_o inland_a country_n be_v find_v herein_o and_o most_o especial_o frequent_v by_o indian_a merchant_n casan_n commodity_n of_o casan_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o general_n addict_v to_o all_o curious_a manufacture_n and_o fabric_n as_o in_o weave_v of_o sash_n turban_n and_o girdlas_o in_o make_v also_o of_o velvet_n satin_n damask_n curious_a and_o fine_a ormusius_n and_o carpet_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v account_v the_o very_a magazine_n of_o all_o the_o
ample_o privilege_v and_o shall_v enjoy_v a_o part_n of_o the_o gain_n for_o themselves_o and_o yet_o bring_v the_o great_a crop_n of_o their_o labour_n into_o his_o coffer_n hereupon_o it_o be_v first_o let_v out_o for_o five_o year_n the_o farmer_n and_o contracter_n bind_v themselves_o to_o send_v such_o a_o stock_n to_o india_n in_o ready_a money_n as_o will_v extend_v for_o 30_o thousand_o quintal_n of_o pepper_n yearly_a conceive_v to_o be_v in_o those_o day_n as_o much_o as_o all_o europe_n can_v annual_o vend_v in_o that_o commodity_n but_o then_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o send_v his_o ship_n to_o india_n to_o lade_v the_o same_o in_o number_n five_o ship_n of_o sufficient_a burden_n yearly_o the_o farmer_n bear_v the_o adventure_n both_o of_o their_o money_n outward_a and_o of_o the_o say_a pepper_n homeward_o lade_v it_o in_o india_n into_o the_o say_a ship_n at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n all_o which_o bring_v into_o portugal_n they_o be_v to_o deliver_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o price_n of_o 12_o ducat_n per_fw-la quintal_n and_o what_o be_v either_o cast_v away_o lose_v or_o take_v be_v to_o be_v bear_v by_o the_o farmer_n the_o king_n pay_v for_o no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v thus_o fair_o lay_v on_o land_n into_o his_o store-house_n at_o lisbon_n neither_o yet_o pay_v he_o ready_a money_n for_o the_o same_o but_o pay_v they_o with_o their_o own_o money_n when_o the_o pepper_n be_v sell_v so_o that_o the_o king_n without_o disbursement_n or_o hazard_n have_v and_o have_v a_o certain_a great_a gain_n without_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o penny_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o the_o farmer_n have_v many_o great_a and_o strong_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n as_o first_o that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o condition_n soever_o he_o be_v may_v any_o way_n deal_v or_o trade_n in_o pepper_n but_o themselves_o which_o be_v still_o strict_o observe_v second_o that_o they_o may_v not_o upon_o any_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n whatsoever_o diminish_v or_o lessen_v the_o say_v ordinary_a stock_n of_o money_n nor_o the_o king_n his_o say_a stint_n of_o ship_v neither_o hinder_v not_o let_v they_o in_o any_o sort_n concern_v the_o lade_n thereof_o which_o be_v also_o strict_o look_v into_o for_o though_o the_o pepper_n be_v for_o the_o king_n be_v own_o person_n or_o proper_a account_n yet_o must_v the_o farmer_n be_v pepper_n be_v first_o lade_v three_o that_o the_o viceroy_n and_o all_o other_o the_o officer_n and_o captain_n in_o india_n shall_v give_v they_o all_o assistance_n help_n and_o favour_n with_o safe_a keep_n guard_v and_o watch_v the_o same_o with_o all_o other_o needful_a office_n as_o shall_v be_v by_o they_o require_v for_o the_o safety_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o say_a pepper_n january_n the_o ship_n of_o pepper_n depart_v from_o cochin_n about_o the_o month_n of_o december_n and_o january_n four_o that_o for_o the_o lade_n and_o provide_v thereof_o the_o say_a farmer_n may_v send_v their_o factor_n into_o india_n with_o their_o servant_n and_o assistant_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o they_o be_v english_a french_a and_o spaniard_n only_o except_v and_o that_o unto_o every_o place_n to_o see_v the_o same_o lade_v and_o dispatch_v away_o and_o in_o late_a time_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o have_v also_o farm_a of_o the_o king_n the_o ship_n and_o their_o fraightment_n with_o large_a condition_n to_o build_v they_o and_o make_v the_o provision_n of_o all_o necessary_n for_o they_o and_o all_o at_o their_o own_o adventure_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n come_v safe_a home_o they_o give_v the_o king_n in_o lieu_n of_o licence_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o every_o ship_n and_o annual_o do_v furnish_v these_o five_o ship_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o for_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v appoint_v to_o go_v in_o they_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o fail_v for_o the_o king_n and_o at_o his_o charge_n and_o have_v but_o only_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_n at_o the_o farmer_n charge_n the_o officer_n and_o sailor_n be_v place_v therein_o by_o the_o king_n admiralty_n which_o the_o farmer_n may_v not_o once_o deny_v or_o refuse_v so_o that_o the_o king_n adventure_v nothing_o neither_o in_o pepper_n nor_o in_o ship_n but_o only_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o he_o lose_v the_o money_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v and_o otherwise_o gain_v by_o the_o farm_n of_o every_o ship_n if_o it_o have_v return_v safe_a and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o pepper_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v deliver_v he_o at_o a_o certain_a price_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n now_o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o send_v out_o his_o fleet_n to_o meet_v and_o waste_v they_o from_o the_o flemish_a island_n as_o for_o long_a time_n he_o be_v accustom_v to_o do_v and_o the_o king_n be_v find_v so_o near_o to_o look_v to_o this_o farm_n that_o he_o will_v not_o abate_v the_o farmer_n a_o penny_n how_o great_a soever_o their_o loss_n happen_v otherwise_o to_o be_v and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o portugal_n in_o india_n now_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o will_v come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n chap._n xciii_o of_o musulipatan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o with_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n chormandel_n musulipatan_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n chormandel_n the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n beginn_v from_o the_o cape_n negapatan_n to_o the_o town_n of_o musulipatan_n between_o which_o say_v place_n be_v find_v a_o place_n call_v st._n thomas_n where_o the_o apostle_n thomas_n be_v say_v to_o have_v preach_v salvation_n to_o these_o nation_n and_o who_o tomb_n be_v have_v still_o in_o great_a reverence_n to_o this_o day_n among_o the_o native_a christian_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o which_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o petipoli_n and_o armagon_n where_o the_o english_a of_o late_o have_v settle_v factory_n that_o have_v dependency_n on_o the_o factory_a of_o musulipatan_n under_o which_o therefore_o i_o will_v include_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n musulipatan_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodious_a situation_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a place_n of_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n where_o the_o english_a have_v to_o that_o purpose_n plant_v a_o factory_a both_o for_o provide_v and_o lade_n hence_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n this_o place_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o same_o coast_n or_o rather_o isthmus_n as_o goa_n be_v with_o the_o city_n beforementioned_a which_o be_v seat_v to_o the_o eastward_o as_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n be_v to_o the_o westward_n the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o adjoin_a river_n run_v down_o from_o bisnagar_n the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o haven_n with_o the_o wholesomeness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o temperancy_n of_o the_o air_n add_v much_o to_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o in_o matter_n of_o trade_n and_o concurrency_n of_o merchant_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o country_n bear_v many_o commodity_n natural_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v as_o the_o least_o or_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o trade_n in_o india_n chormandel_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n from_o this_o place_n and_o coast_n then_o be_v find_v a_o great_a trade_n to_o be_v drive_v into_o bengala_n pegu_n siam_n malacca_n and_o to_o india_n and_o the_o principal_a commodity_n that_o this_o city_n be_v note_v to_o be_v famous_a for_o be_v those_o excellent_a fine_a cotton_n linen_n make_v here_o in_o in_o great_a abundance_n and_o of_o all_o colour_n and_o interweave_v with_o divers_a sort_n of_o loom-work_n and_o flower_n very_o fine_a and_o cunning_o wrought_v and_o therefore_o much_o wear_v in_o india_n and_o better_o esteem_v there_o than_o silk_n as_o indeed_o be_v both_o find_v fine_a and_o rich_a and_o use_v by_o the_o great_a woman_n in_o those_o part_n for_o their_o clothing_n wherein_o be_v find_v interlace_v oftentimes_o thread_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o divers_a other_o rare_a fabric_n of_o cotton_n etc._n etc._n chormandel_n coin_n current_a in_o musilapatan_n and_o coast_n of_o chormandel_n the_o current_a usual_a coin_n in_o musulipatan_n armagon_n petiboli_n st._n thomas_n and_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n be_v the_o pagode_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o mahomody_n and_o fanan_n of_o silver_n and_o be_v thus_o value_v a_o pagode_n be_v worth_a 15_o fanans_n or_o in_o english_a 8_o s._n sterling_a a_o fanan_n be_v 9_o cashee_n or_o as_o some_o call_v they_o cupan_n about_o 6¾_n d._n sterling_a a_o mamody_n be_v 32_o pices_fw-la or_o as_o in_o some_o place_n they_o be_v call_v docres_n a_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a be_v here_o 5_o mamody_n or_o 9_o fanans_n or_o 5_o s._n and_o 10_o rialsâ—_n â—_z be_v
and_o gold_n for_o rich_a perfume_n and_o the_o wood_n sapon_n use_v by_o dyer_n also_o here_o be_v camphora_n in_o great_a plenty_n bezoar_v stone_n and_o gold_n in_o some_o measure_n good_a store_n also_o here_o be_v find_v diamond_n nutmeg_n and_o some_o other_o spice_n which_o the_o country_n of_o itself_o afford_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o coast_n coin_n current_a in_o siam_n and_o the_o coast_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a as_o i_o be_o inform_v be_v these_o follow_v the_o first_o be_v a_o tail_n which_o be_v worth_a 4_o tical_n or_o seventeen_o shilling_n ten_o penny_n or_o eighteen_o shilling_n sterling_a a_o tical_a be_v account_v 4_o mass_n or_o 4_o s._n 4_o d._n incirca_fw-la sterling_a a_o mass_n be_v account_v 4_o copan_n about_o 13_o d._n sterling_a a_o copan_n be_v account_v 750_o cash_n or_o 3¼_n d._n sterling_a a_o tail_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o account_v worth_n 14_o rial_n of_o eight_o spanish_a and_o 20_o tail_n be_v a_o cattee_n worth_n 48_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a and_o 1_o tail_n of_o siam_n be_v worth_a 2_o tail_n of_o japan_n pattana_n coin_n at_o pattana_n and_o note_v that_o in_o pattana_n and_o elsewhere_o on_o this_o coast_n coin_n find_v little_a alteration_n in_o current_a price_n and_o rate_n except_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n when_o some_o of_o these_o species_n be_v seek_v out_o and_o provide_v by_o merchant_n to_o transport_v into_o other_o place_n where_o the_o same_o do_v turn_v they_o better_o to_o benefit_n and_o note_v that_o at_o pattana_n a_o mass_n be_v as_o above_o worth_a 4_o copan_n a_o copan_n worth_n 4_o condery_n a_o conderie_n be_v 100_o cash_n which_o be_v 800_o cash_n which_o be_v 50_o more_o than_o at_o siam_n as_o be_v abovementioned_a the_o measure_n and_o weight_n be_v not_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n so_o leave_v siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n i_o shall_v repair_v to_o malacca_n inhabit_v and_o fortify_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o of_o great_a consequence_n in_o these_o part_n chap._n xcvii_o of_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o malacca_n be_v the_o next_o country_n to_o the_o afore-named_n siam_n seat_v between_o the_o coast_n of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n upon_o the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o land_n on_o which_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malacca_n in_o obedience_n to_o the_o portugal_n and_o conquer_v by_o they_o 1511_o and_o account_v the_o most_o profitable_a command_n of_o all_o india_n next_o after_o ormus_n which_o of_o late_o they_o have_v lose_v and_o of_o mosambique_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n gasa_n which_o be_v here_o 10_o mile_n broad_a as_o some_o write_v and_o be_v account_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o india_n and_o china_n commodity_n and_o have_v a_o very_a great_a traffic_n to_o china_n moluccos_fw-la banda_n java_n summatra_n and_o all_o the_o island_n border_v thereabouts_o as_o also_o to_o siam_n pegu_n bengala_n coast_n of_o chormandel_n and_o other_o the_o part_n of_o india_n whereby_o many_o ship_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v employ_v come_v in_o and_o go_v out_o there_o lade_n and_o unlade_v sell_v buy_v and_o barter_v the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n together_o the_o country_n afford_v of_o itself_o no_o commodity_n to_o preserve_v trade_n but_o all_o other_o country_n afford_v to_o this_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o proper_a situation_n for_o trade_n their_o native_a commodity_n a_o ship_n or_o two_o come_v hither_o yearly_o from_o lisbon_n to_o traffic_v which_o thence_o depart_v 30_o day_n soon_o than_o the_o rest_n for_o india_n and_o be_v at_o she_o return_v find_v common_o the_o rich_a that_o frequent_v these_o country_n malacca_n monsons_n at_o malacca_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o navigation_n that_o the_o monsons_n or_o trade_n wind_n here_o continue_v west_n and_o northwest_n from_o the_o end_n of_o august_n to_o the_o end_n of_o october_n and_o in_o november_n begin_v the_o northerly_a and_o north-easter_o wind_n which_o blow_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o april_n and_o from_o mâ—…_n till_o the_o end_n of_o august_n the_o south_n and_o south-west_n rule_v according_a to_o which_o the_o trader_n hither_o must_v direct_v his_o trade_n and_o course_n and_o take_v the_o proper_a season_n both_o for_o his_o come_n and_o go_v when_o albuquerk_n the_o vice-king_n of_o portugal_n take_v this_o city_n find_v it_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o sundry_a nation_n he_o establish_v magistrate_n for_o both_o the_o ethnic_n moor_n and_o christian_n with_o appeal_n only_o reserve_v to_o the_o high_a sovereign_n the_o conqueror_n one_o remarkable_a passage_n in_o this_o conquest_n i_o can_v omit_v which_o be_v that_o a_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n of_o eminent_a note_n in_o this_o city_n fight_v naked_a in_o defence_n of_o himself_o and_o of_o his_o native_a country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v wound_v with_o many_o deep_a and_o wide_a wound_n but_o on_o his_o arm_n be_v wear_v a_o chain_n whereto_o be_v fasten_v the_o bone_n of_o a_o javan_n beast_n call_v a_o cabal_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o notwithstanding_o all_o those_o wound_n which_o be_v many_o and_o large_a he_o lose_v not_o one_o drop_n of_o blood_n but_o when_o that_o chain_n be_v take_v from_o he_o his_o vein_n sudden_o and_o at_o once_o empty_v themselves_o both_o of_o blood_n and_o life_n together_o the_o riches_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o place_n may_v by_o this_o particular_a then_o happen_v be_v consider_v when_o as_o the_o king_n be_v ten_o in_o the_o sack_n thereof_o come_v to_o 200000_o ducat_n of_o gold_n the_o soldier_n and_o adventurer_n satisfy_v beside_o the_o conceal_a and_o pilfer_v booty_n there_o find_v and_o share_v by_o they_o malacca_n coin_n of_o the_o city_n malacca_n the_o current_a coin_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n therefore_o i_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o better_o experience_v malacca_n weight_n use_v in_o malacca_n the_o weight_n here_o common_a in_o use_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v collect_v be_v the_o cattee_n bahar_n and_o pecul_n wherein_o i_o find_v the_o observation_n make_v hereupon_o to_o disagree_v some_o make_v but_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v here_o in_o use_n and_o some_o two_o sort_n of_o bahars_n as_o thus_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n and_o each_o cattee_n to_o be_v 4½_n cattee_n of_o cantar_n and_o couchinchina_n which_o be_v 21_o l._n english_a which_o thus_o estimate_v must_v be_v 590_o l._n english_a a_o second_o bahar_n they_o account_v to_o be_v 200_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n which_o here_o be_v 302_o china_n cattee_n and_o thus_o estimate_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v 400_o l._n english_a again_o they_o have_v a_o weight_n call_v the_o pecul_n which_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o china_n and_o make_v 132_o l._n english_a but_o if_o this_o observation_n be_v find_v true_a by_o trial_n the_o cattee_n must_v be_v more_o than_o 21_o l._n english_a which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o better_a experience_a this_o be_v the_o late_a observation_n of_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v into_o these_o part_n but_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o portugal_n i_o find_v the_o weight_n to_o be_v thus_o malacca_n weight_n of_o malacca_n in_o malacca_n they_o say_v be_v two_o sort_n of_o weight_n use_v a_o great_a and_o small_a which_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o bahar_n a_o bahar_n great_a weight_n be_v 200_o cattee_n or_o 3_o pices_fw-la one_o pice_n be_v 66â…”_n cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 26_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v 1½_n ounce_n lisbon_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o great_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v pepper_n cloves_n nutmeg_n sander_n indigo_n alum_n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la palo_n dangula_n camphora_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o small_a bahar_n be_v also_o 200_o cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 22_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v almost_o a_o ounce_n â…_n portugal_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o small_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v quicksilver_n copper_n vermilion_n ivory_n silk_n musk_n amber_n lignum_fw-la aloe_n tin_n lead_v benjamin_n verdet_n and_o other_o commodity_n etc._n etc._n again_o some_o observe_v that_o a_o tail_n of_o malacca_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o 10¼_n mass_n be_v a_o ounce_n averdupois_n and_o 1½_n ounce_n be_v 16_o â—_o mass_n by_o which_o mass_n they_o sell_v bezoar_v stone_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n i_o shall_v here_o proceed_v to_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o remain_a tract_n and_o coast_n especial_o that_o of_o cambaia_n couchin-china_n and_o other_o but_o little_o have_v fall_v into_o my_o hand_n of_o the_o trade_n exercise_v there_o i_o willing_o omit_v the_o same_o and_o next_o proceed_v to_o look_v only_o upon_o the_o traffic_n of_o china_n itself_o and_o then_o to_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o asia_n chap._n xcviii_o of_o china_n
and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o china_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o china_n have_v on_o the_o east_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o west_n india_n on_o the_o north_n a_o wall_n extend_v 1000_o mile_n in_o length_n between_o the_o chinois_n and_o the_o tartarian_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o ocean_n the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n be_v account_v very_o great_a the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o peace_n which_o former_o they_o enjoy_v among_o they_o concur_v to_o enlarge_v the_o same_o the_o many_o navigable_a river_n and_o the_o excellent_a fabric_n here_o wrought_v add_v to_o make_v it_o eminent_a china_n commodity_n of_o china_n and_o the_o commodity_n that_o it_o yield_v to_o maintain_v the_o same_o be_v these_o barley_n rice_n wool_n cotton_n olive_n vine_n flax_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v into_o infinite_a sort_n of_o stuff_n all_o kind_n of_o metal_n gold_n especial_o silver_n and_o copper_n be_v bring_v from_o japan_n etc._n etc._n fruit_n honey_n wax_n sugar_n rhubarb_n china_n root_n purslain_a dish_n camphire_n ginger_n all_o kind_n of_o spice_n musk_n civet_n amber_n and_o infinite_a abundance_n of_o salt_n which_o commodity_n only_o in_o the_o town_n of_o cantor_n yield_v custom_n to_o the_o prince_n yearly_a 180000_o ducat_n china_n the_o greatness_n of_o china_n this_o kingdom_n contain_v 15_o large_a province_n each_o province_n have_v a_o metropolis_n beside_o many_o city_n of_o lesser_a note_n so_o that_o in_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o this_o country_n be_v account_v to_o be_v 30_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o writer_n have_v mention_v to_o be_v 1597_o city_n and_o great_a town_n wall_v 1154_o castle_n 4200_o borough_n without_o wall_n wherein_o soldier_n be_v quarter_v beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o village_n and_o hamlet_n quinsay_v quinsay_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v vulgar_o call_v quinsay_v pequin_n and_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v in_o circuit_n 100_o mile_n have_v in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o lake_n of_o 30_o mile_n compass_n in_o which_o be_v two_o fair_a island_n and_o in_o they_o two_o magnificent_a palace_n adorn_v with_o all_o necessary_n either_o for_o majesty_n or_o conveniency_n the_o lake_n be_v nourish_v with_o divers_a river_n on_o which_o be_v count_v 12000_o bridge_n and_o in_o many_o city_n here_o seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o great_a and_o famous_a navigable_a river_n be_v find_v oftentimes_o ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o great_a and_o small_a vessel_n nanquin_n nanquin_n the_o king_n himself_o have_v in_o the_o city_n of_o nanquin_n account_v the_o second_o in_o this_o kingdom_n seat_v upon_o a_o fair_a and_o large_a river_n if_o writer_n relation_n may_v have_v credit_n river_n ten_o thousand_o sail_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o one_o river_n ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o ship_n of_o his_o own_o and_o the_o city_n be_v nine_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o whole_a distance_n be_v find_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v whole_o employ_v and_o take_v up_o with_o vessel_n and_o boat_n for_o therein_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v their_o abode_n dwell_v negotiate_v and_o remove_v at_o their_o pleasure_n from_o one_o place_n and_o city_n to_o another_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v by_o all_o modern_a traveller_n that_o have_v be_v here_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o issue_v out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n nor_o yet_o stranger_n to_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o though_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o traffic_n this_o strict_a law_n find_v some_o toleration_n for_o a_o certain_a limit_a time_n for_o the_o native_n to_o trade_n abroad_o yet_o be_v it_o most_o near_o look_v into_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o stranger_n that_o will_v enter_v into_o their_o country_n therefore_o this_o consider_v though_o the_o motive_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v many_o yet_o this_o inviolable_a custom_n so_o severe_o execute_v hindeâ—…_n just_o the_o particular_n i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n set_v down_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o mighty_a empire_n howsoever_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o japaner_n and_o some_o neighbour_a islander_n as_o also_o the_o portugal_n and_o some_o other_o christian_n have_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o great_a maritime_a commander_n in_o this_o country_n and_o their_o own_o fair_a deportment_n procure_v a_o licence_n of_o trade_n in_o canton_n maccau_n nanquin_n and_o some_o other_o seaport_n but_o with_o such_o strict_a limitation_n as_o that_o in_o some_o city_n it_o be_v death_n for_o they_o to_o lie_v or_o abide_v at_o night_n either_o in_o the_o town_n or_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o aboard_o their_o own_o ship_n and_o in_o canton_n where_o they_o find_v the_o most_o courteous_a usage_n they_o may_v not_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n abide_v one_o night_n within_o the_o city_n wall_n but_o as_o in_o the_o morning_n their_o name_n be_v register_v at_o their_o enter_v into_o the_o city_n so_o they_o come_v at_o night_n and_o blot_n out_o the_o same_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n i_o can_v then_o but_o afford_v a_o taste_n of_o the_o whole_a trade_n by_o a_o little_a that_o i_o have_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o collection_n of_o other_o which_o must_v serve_v for_o a_o model_n to_o the_o frame_n and_o foundation_n of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o other_o city_n throughout_o this_o empire_n which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v under_o the_o title_n of_o maccau_n most_o frequent_v by_o our_o nation_n chap._n xcix_o of_o maccau_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o maccau_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o island_n and_o town_n of_o maccau_n as_o the_o place_n best_o know_v upon_o this_o coast_n to_o our_o nation_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o a_o bay_n which_o be_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o canton_n which_o run_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n of_o quinsay_v speak_v of_o before_o opposite_a to_o which_o stand_v the_o great_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o i_o mention_v as_o the_o place_n where_o be_v find_v the_o present_a staple_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o china_n and_o thither_o do_v merchant_n of_o all_o part_n frequent_a to_o buy_v and_o barter_n for_o other_o commodity_n with_o the_o restriction_n and_o limitation_n above_o specify_v and_o as_o for_o maccau_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o portugal_n intermix_v with_o the_o natural_a chinese_n the_o principal_a of_o their_o commerce_n be_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o canton_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o china_n be_v find_v to_o issue_n and_o here_o the_o portugal_n at_o the_o arrival_n of_o their_o ship_n do_v choose_v out_o a_o factor_n among_o themselves_o who_o be_v permit_v in_o all_o their_o behalf_n to_o go_v to_o trade_n for_o they_o at_o câ—…ton_n but_o in_o the_o night_n he_o be_v to_o abide_v in_o the_o suburb_n under_o severe_a punishment_n as_o i_o have_v before_o remember_v japan_n a_o particular_a ship_n yearly_o touch_v here_o from_o goa_n to_o japan_n here_o be_v find_v a_o ship_n to_o come_v yearly_a out_o of_o india_n by_o a_o particular_a licence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o captain_n be_v place_n be_v ever_o bestow_v upon_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o reward_n of_o some_o former_a service_n as_o indeed_o all_o the_o captain_n place_n of_o the_o fortress_n of_o india_n be_v from_o maccau_n the_o say_a ship_n then_o have_v dispatch_v her_o business_n do_v sail_n to_o japan_n and_o there_o full_o discharge_v her_o lade_n and_o thence_o return_v again_o to_o maccau_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o malacca_n and_o so_o to_o goa_n in_o india_n and_o though_o this_o voyage_n of_o japan_n be_v ever_o grant_v by_o particular_a licence_n to_o some_o one_o in_o particular_a yet_o to_o maccau_n and_o malacca_n any_o merchant_n may_v go_v that_o will_n but_o none_o may_v yet_o lade_v or_o unlade_v in_o either_o place_n before_o such_o time_n as_o the_o ship_n term_v of_o the_o king_n be_v full_o dispatch_v and_o lade_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o depart_v for_o india_n it_o be_v record_v by_o some_o portugal_n that_o this_o captain_n be_v place_n may_v be_v worth_a to_o he_o for_o his_o part_n 200000_o ducat_n and_o that_o the_o say_a ship_n be_v common_o 1500_o tun_n in_o burden_n and_o that_o the_o voyage_n continue_v for_o three_o year_n from_o india_n and_o so_o back_o for_o in_o april_n they_o set_v sail_n from_o goa_n to_o malacca_n where_o they_o abide_v some_o season_n for_o the_o wind_n or_o monsons_n which_o at_o certain_a time_n blow_v certain_a set_v month_n together_o and_o then_o from_o malacca_n they_o sail_v hither_o to_o maccau_n where_o they_o stay_v at_o least_o nine_o month_n for_o the_o say_v monsons_n and_o then_o sail_v to_o japan_n where_o they_o must_v stay_v likewise_o certain_a month_n for_o the_o dispatch_n of_o their_o business_n
the_o netherlands_o and_o then_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n as_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v observe_v and_o find_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o archduke_n first_o then_o these_o netherlander_n or_o dutchman_n be_v of_o late_a year_n become_v notable_a mariner_n and_o have_v undertake_v and_o fortunate_o achieve_v many_o dangerous_a and_o long_a navigation_n every_o particular_a city_n have_v both_o many_o and_o great_a ship_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o in_o some_o place_n where_o house_n be_v dear_a and_o scarce_o i_o have_v see_v whole_a family_n live_v in_o lighter_n and_o such_o vessel_n wherein_o they_o eat_v drink_v and_o sleep_v and_o have_v their_o continual_a habitation_n their_o child_n like_o water-rat_n see_v continual_o dabble_v in_o the_o water_n of_o which_o element_n for_o the_o most_o part_n their_o country_n be_v subsistent_a they_o be_v account_v better_o for_o northern_a design_n and_o voyage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o country_n cold_a situation_n than_o for_o southern_a yet_o their_o late_a trade_n to_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n and_o their_o good_a success_n there_o demonstrate_v they_o can_v also_o accommodate_v themselves_o to_o the_o hot_a climate_n their_o trade_n be_v general_o throughout_o the_o world_n in_o imitation_n of_o their_o neighbour_n the_o english_a who_o step_n for_o many_o year_n they_o have_v follow_v only_o in_o turkey_n they_o have_v but_o small_a traffic_n by_o reason_n their_o country_n want_v those_o commodity_n that_o be_v fit_a and_o proper_a for_o that_o empire_n such_o as_o clothes_n lead_v tin_n the_o main_a staple_n of_o the_o english_a trade_n thither_o as_o for_o their_o judgement_n in_o traffic_n it_o be_v singular_a by_o reason_n their_o want_n of_o many_o necessary_n both_o for_o back_o and_o belly_n enforce_v they_o to_o pry_v near_o into_o commerce_n than_o other_o nation_n that_o 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o more_o fruitful_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o the_o easy_a rate_n that_o money_n be_v to_o be_v find_v at_o interest_n add_v some_o help_n to_o their_o invention_n they_o be_v few_o year_n pass_v account_v of_o a_o heavy_a and_o dull_a temper_n but_o the_o italian_n who_o in_o foresee_v wisdom_n and_o providence_n will_v be_v throughout_o the_o world_n account_v for_o promethei_n be_v by_o they_o make_v epimethei_n as_o wise_a after_o the_o deed_n too_o late_o repent_v for_o when_o they_o come_v first_o to_o settle_v their_o trade_n in_o flanders_n they_o take_v young_a youth_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o be_v their_o cashter_n and_o to_o copy_v their_o letter_n whereby_o they_o come_v to_o learn_v the_o secret_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o italian_n great_a prejudice_n exercise_v it_o themselves_o and_o not_o content_v therewith_o as_o it_o be_v thus_o deprive_v they_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n but_o they_o follow_v they_o into_o italy_n and_o there_o live_v as_o spare_o as_o they_o and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o sundry_a province_n and_o principal_a town_n have_v give_v a_o great_a blow_n to_o their_o great_a traffic_n in_o italy_n and_o that_o which_o add_v much_o to_o their_o knowledge_n and_o gain_n be_v that_o they_o covet_v still_o to_o buy_v all_o commodity_n at_o the_o wellhead_n as_o merchant_n say_v and_o where_o that_o commodity_n have_v its_o first_o original_n and_o where_o the_o same_o be_v cheap_a and_o then_o transport_v they_o not_o so_o much_o to_o their_o own_o home_n as_o elsewhere_o where_o the_o same_o be_v dear_a and_o not_o shame_v to_o retail_v any_o commodity_n by_o small_a part_n and_o parcel_n which_o both_o english_a merchant_n and_o italian_n disdain_v to_o do_v in_o any_o country_n whatsoever_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v come_v now_o to_o that_o height_n that_o though_o by_o nature_n they_o want_v all_o thing_n yet_o by_o industry_n and_o merchandise_v they_o not_o only_o supply_v their_o own_o defect_n but_o also_o many_o of_o their_o neighbour_n want_v and_o necessity_n as_o i_o can_v instance_n in_o sundry_a particular_n neither_o must_v i_o omit_v one_o custom_n here_o use_v and_o not_o find_v i_o think_v elsewhere_o in_o the_o world_n that_o whilst_o the_o husband_n sport_v idle_o at_o home_n their_o woman_n be_v ofttimes_o see_v to_o be_v the_o merchant_n and_o in_o some_o province_n here_o sail_n from_o city_n to_o city_n to_o compass_v their_o affair_n abroad_o as_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v find_v to_o manage_v it_o at_o home_n for_o in_o their_o shop_n they_o sell_v all_o and_o take_v account_n of_o all_o and_o it_o be_v no_o reproach_n to_o the_o man_n to_o be_v never_o inquire_v after_o in_o these_o business_n of_o trade_n who_o take_v money_n of_o their_o wife_n for_o daily_a expense_n and_o glad_o so_o pass_v their_o time_n over_o in_o idleness_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o bruges_n have_v be_v the_o city_n where_o in_o time_n past_o this_o great_a traffic_n be_v cohabitant_fw-la it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o look_v back_o upon_o it_o and_o those_o time_n and_o see_v the_o glory_n of_o it_o in_o its_o lustre_n then_o and_o the_o decay_n thereof_o in_o its_o ruin_n now_o bruges_n the_o ancient_a staple_n of_o bruges_n it_o be_v record_v by_o jabobus_fw-la marchantius_n that_o ludâ—vicus_n crossus_n anno_fw-la 1323_o grant_v a_o staple_n to_o bruges_n which_o his_o son_n malanus_fw-la confirm_v which_o staple_n be_v a_o privilege_n of_o stay_v all_o foreign_a commodity_n in_o the_o place_n except_o the_o seller_n and_o bringer_n choose_v rather_o to_o return_v whence_o they_o cain_v exchange_n the_o original_n of_o burse_v of_o place_n of_o meeting_n for_o merchant_n which_o in_o england_n be_v now_o term_v the_o exchange_n this_o city_n have_v a_o eminent_a market_n place_n with_o a_o public_a house_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o all_o merchant_n at_o noon_n and_o evening_n which_o house_n be_v call_v the_o burse_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o â—…tinct_a family_n bursa_n bear_v three_o purse_n for_o their_o arm_n engrave_v upon_o their_o house_n from_o whence_o these_o meet_v place_n to_o this_o day_n be_v call_v burse_v in_o many_o country_n which_o in_o london_n we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o royal-exchange_n and_o of_o britain_n burse_n fifteen_o nation_n in_o the_o height_n of_o this_o trade_n have_v each_o their_o several_a house_n or_o college_n here_o namely_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n scotland_n france_n castilia_n portugal_n arragon_n navarre_n catalonia_n biscaia_n the_o hans_n town_n of_o germany_n as_o lubeck_n hamburg_n rostock_n dantzick_n riga_n revel_v and_o divers_a other_o city_n then_o the_o merchant_n of_o venetia_n florence_n genova_n lucca_n milan_n and_o other_o now_o then_o these_o nation_n have_v by_o this_o mean_v each_o here_o a_o residence_n supply_v this_o city_n of_o bruges_n with_o the_o particular_a commodity_n of_o their_o country_n as_o first_o the_o italian_n they_o bring_v camlet_n grogram_n thread_n of_o silk_n silver_n and_o gold_n and_o clothes_n make_v thereof_o also_o jewel_n wine_n of_o candia_n allom_n brimstone_n oil_n spice_n and_o drug_n of_o all_o sort_n which_o they_o have_v by_o their_o trade_n of_o egypt_n india_n arabia_n and_o grecia_n 2._o the_o french_a bring_v salt_n wine_n white_a and_o red_a paper_n linens_n and_o some_o oil_n the_o english_a wool_n lead_v tin_n beer_n and_o some_o woollen_a clothes_n for_o veil_n for_o woman_n use_v in_o those_o day_n 4._o the_o scot_n bring_v skin_n of_o sheep_n and_o coney_n and_o such_o like_a 5._o the_o spaniard_n and_o portuguese_n bring_v grain_n for_o scarlet_n die_v gold_n silver_n raw_a silk_n some_o drug_n and_o spice_n 6._o the_o german_n dane_n and_o pollacks_n bring_v honey_n wax_n corn_n saâ—…petre_n wool_n glass_n fur_n quicksilver_n rhemsh_a wine_n timber_n for_o building_n and_o the_o like_a and_o 7._o flanders_n yield_v to_o these_o horse_n cattle_n butter_n cheese_n herring_n and_o other_o sea_n fish_n woolle_n and_o linen_n clothes_n tapestry_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o variety_n excellent_a picture_n and_o other_o manufacture_n and_o by_o this_o great_a concourse_n of_o nation_n flanders_n give_v the_o name_n to_o all_o the_o netherlands_o to_o increase_v yet_o this_o trade_n bruges_n anno._n 1414._o get_v a_o privilege_n that_o they_o who_o be_v free_a of_o that_o city_n by_o gift_n buy_v birth_n or_o marriage_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o confiscation_n of_o their_o good_n which_o exceed_v the_o privilege_n of_o any_o other_o city_n in_o the_o netherlands_o for_o those_o of_o 〈◊〉_d have_v the_o like_a yet_o lose_v it_o upon_o any_o force_n offer_v to_o the_o prince_n this_o trade_n thus_o continue_v till_o the_o year_n 1485._o when_v it_o begin_v to_o decay_v partly_o by_o the_o narrowness_n and_o unsafety_n of_o the_o port_n of_o sluice_n and_o the_o river_n lead_v from_o thence_o to_o bruges_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o fame_n of_o the_o large_a and_o commodious_a river_n sceldis_n
have_v here_o set_v up_o some_o loom_n and_o make_v cloth_n in_o imitation_n of_o our_o english_a suffolk_n clothes_n which_o have_v prove_v a_o great_a detriment_n to_o the_o sale_n of_o hampshire_n kersey_n once_o vend_v in_o great_a quantity_n general_o throughout_o turkey_n and_o especial_o in_o these_o part_n beside_o which_o sort_n of_o cloth_n now_o here_o make_v and_o hence_o take_v name_n the_o place_n afford_v the_o general_a commodity_n of_o the_o morea_n as_o powder_v of_o berry_n orgrame_n for_o dyer_n wool_n cotton_n wax_v honey_n cordovant_n aniseed_n and_o the_o like_a salonica_n weight_n of_o salonica_n the_o weight_n here_o in_o use_n be_v two_o the_o one_o call_v the_o quintar_n turcesco_n and_o the_o other_o the_o quintar_n petrasin_n the_o quintar_n turcesco_n of_o 100_o pound_n make_v in_o english_a pound_n 119_o pound_n to_o 120_o in_o venice_n gross_a 112_o pound_n in_o venice_n suttle_n 176_o in_o 178_o pound_n the_o quintar_n or_o 100_o pound_n petrasin_n make_v english_a 88_o l._n as_o be_v before_o mention_v by_o this_o all_o silk_n powder_n of_o grain_n and_o other_o fine_a good_n be_v sell_v and_o by_o the_o quintar_n turcesco_n be_v wool_n cotton_n caviere_n wax_n honey_n and_o some_o other_o gross_a commodity_n sell_v and_o weigh_v salonica_n measure_n of_o salonica_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o pico_n which_o be_v 27_o inch_n english_a and_o the_o hundred_o brace_n of_o cloth_n in_o venice_n hold_v here_o 112_o pico_n and_o the_o hundred_o brace_n of_o silk_n in_o venice_n hold_v here_o 106_o pico_n gold_n siderocapse_n rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n near_o this_o city_n be_v the_o town_n of_o siderocapse_n so_o well_o know_v to_o the_o turk_n for_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n there_o adjoin_v from_o which_o the_o great_a turk_n do_v monthly_o draw_v for_o his_o own_o share_n above_o 20000_o dollar_n beside_o the_o charge_n athos_n mount_v athos_n near_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o salonica_n be_v find_v the_o high_a and_o craggy_a hill_n of_o athos_n now_o the_o holy_a mountain_n whereon_o be_v find_v four_o and_o twenty_o monastery_n of_o colloires_n or_o religious_a grecian_a friar_n with_o such_o devotion_n and_o zeal_n that_o the_o turk_n themselves_o not_o only_o admire_v their_o quiet_a live_n but_o oftentimes_o communicate_v to_o their_o necessity_n give_v they_o gift_n and_o alms._n here_o it_o be_v report_v the_o ancient_a learning_n of_o many_o greek_a father_n lie_v bury_v or_o at_o least_o immure_v till_o by_o some_o divine_a hand_n they_o may_v be_v free_v and_o disperse_v through_o christendom_n and_o now_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n of_o this_o fruitful_a and_o famous_a country_n achaia_n achaia_n the_o next_o province_n be_v achaia_n athens_n athens_n wherein_o be_v that_o famous_a athens_n now_o salines_n marathron_n marathron_n also_o marathron_n where_o darius_n be_v overthrow_v megara_n megara_n then_o megara_n famous_a in_o time_n of_o old_a thebes_n thebes_n thebes_n build_v upon_o the_o river_n cephisus_n thermopilae_fw-la thermopilae_fw-la here_o be_v also_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopile_n 25_o foot_n in_o breadth_n defend_v by_o 300_o spartan_n against_o xerâ—es_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o 30000_o of_o his_o men._n parnassus_n parnassus_n here_o be_v also_o the_o mount_n helicon_n and_o parnassus_n famous_v among_o poet_n and_o the_o pythian_a city_n account_v the_o midst_n of_o all_o the_o world_n and_o many_o other_o remarkable_a place_n which_o be_v here_o in_o time_n past_a all_o have_v yield_v to_o age_n and_o therefore_o merit_v not_o a_o long_a stay_n or_o a_o more_o serious_a survey_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o epyrus_n epyrus_n epyrus_n be_v the_o next_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v famous_a 1._o antigonia_n 2._o casiope_n 3._o anbrasia_n and_o other_o now_o ruin_v and_o of_o no_o account_n albania_n albania_n albania_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v 1._o albanopolis_n 2._o sfetigrade_a 3._o durazzo_n a_o strong_a town_n 4._o croia_n under_o who_o wall_n amurath_n ii_o die_v now_o afford_v little_o know_v trade_n unto_o we_o macedonia_n macedonia_n macedonia_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v scidra_n adessa_n eribea_n all_o fair_a city_n but_o little_o know_v to_o the_o english_a for_o matter_n of_o trade_n only_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v that_o this_o country_n be_v famous_a for_o philip_n and_o alexander_n the_o great_a his_o son_n who_o from_o hence_o have_v their_o original_n thessalia_n thessalia_n thessaly_n be_v the_o next_o province_n where_o the_o city_n of_o tricca_n lomia_n demetria_n pharsalia_n and_o other_o stand_v now_o also_o ruin_v and_o forget_v migdonia_n migdonia_n migdoma_fw-mi be_v the_o next_o province_n wherein_o be_v stagira_n next_o apollonia_n nepolis_n antigon_n who_o also_o be_v now_o all_o ruin_v give_v pre-eminence_n to_o thessalonica_n now_o call_v salonica_n seat_v in_o a_o bay_n of_o that_o name_n as_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o chapter_n before_o go_v thracia_n thracia_n thracia_n be_v the_o last_o province_n comprise_v in_o grecia_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o sestos_n opposite_a to_o abydos_n upon_o the_o hellespont_n famous_a for_o the_o love_n of_o hero_n and_o leander_n and_o now_o the_o castle_n or_o key_n of_o constantinople_n abdera_n the_o birthplace_n of_o democritus_n who_o spend_v his_o life_n in_o laugh_v calipolis_n calipolis_n calipolis_n situate_v on_o the_o northern_a promontory_n of_o chersonese_n the_o first_o town_n that_o ever_o the_o turk_n take_v in_o europe_n trajanopolis_n found_v by_o trajanus_n adrianople_n adrianople_n and_o adrianapolis_n build_v by_o adrian_n the_o emperor_n and_o by_o bajazet_n take_v in_o 1362_o and_o make_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n till_o the_o take_n of_o constantinople_n about_o 90_o year_n after_o pera._n pera._n and_o pira_fw-la a_o city_n of_o the_o genoese_a opposite_a to_o constantinople_n and_o last_o here_o be_v find_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o constantinople_n itself_o the_o metropolis_n of_o greece_n and_o present_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n wherein_o have_v reside_v for_o some_o year_n and_o find_v that_o it_o comprehend_v most_o part_n of_o the_o traffic_n of_o his_o european_a dominion_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o for_o i_o to_o observe_v it_o in_o a_o particular_a chapter_n as_o well_o merit_v the_o same_o chap._n ccxlvii_o of_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o constantinople_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o constantinople_n the_o seat_n and_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o stream_n that_o pass_v from_o the_o euxine_a sea_n to_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o thereby_o reap_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o that_o the_o wind_n can_v convey_v thither_o both_o from_o the_o black_a and_o white_a sea_n as_o they_o term_v they_o it_o be_v no_o more_o commodious_a for_o merchandise_n than_o for_o to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o a_o empire_n affront_a asia_n and_o behind_o it_o europe_n whereof_o it_o be_v account_v the_o uttermost_a limit_n esteem_v to_o be_v to_o miles_n in_o circuit_n and_o comprehend_v 700000_o live_a soul_n as_o some_o have_v conceive_v which_o will_v grow_v innumerable_a do_v not_o the_o grand_a signor_n army_n yearly_a and_o the_o plague_n once_o in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n sweep_v away_o abundance_n of_o they_o it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o pausanias_n a_o lacedaemonian_a captain_n 660_o year_n before_o christ_n and_o by_o he_o call_v bisantium_n afterward_o ruin_v by_o severus_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 313._o re-edify_v by_o constantins_n the_o great_a and_o make_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o empire_n and_o by_o he_o beautify_v and_o adorn_v with_o magnificent_a building_n and_o curious_a ornament_n and_o call_v constantinople_n than_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o latin_n from_o they_o to_o the_o grecian_n and_o last_o in_o 1453_o to_o the_o turk_n who_o now_o command_v it_o upon_o which_o some_o have_v make_v this_o observation_n that_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o the_o latin_n who_o command_v it_o be_v a_o baldwin_n and_o so_o be_v he_o also_o that_o lose_v it_o also_o that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o a_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o a_o helena_n a_o gregory_z be_v patriarch_n and_o lose_v by_o a_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o a_o helena_n a_o gregory_z be_v patriarch_n and_o as_o it_o be_v gain_v by_o mahomet_n so_o have_v the_o turk_n a_o prophecy_n that_o a_o mahomet_n shall_v lose_v it_o the_o city_n be_v form_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o triangle_n or_o more_o fit_o as_o we_o see_v the_o composition_n of_o a_o harp_n have_v its_o two_o large_a angle_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n upon_o a_o point_n that_o stretch_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o least_o part_n encompass_v with_o a_o strong_a tripled_a wall_n encompass_v with_o dry_a deep_a ditch_n for_o defence_n and_o strengthen_v with_o sundry_a tower_n now_o daily_o ruin_v for_o the_o turk_n hold_v
from_o the_o majesty_n of_o a_o prince_n but_o these_o dangerous_a disorder_n be_v seldom_o see_v especial_o in_o such_o state_n as_o be_v afore-named_n because_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o public_a treasure_n be_v in_o the_o power_n and_o under_o the_o discretion_n of_o many_o neither_o be_v it_o unknown_a to_o all_o other_o principality_n and_o government_n that_o the_o end_n of_o such_o excess_n be_v ever_o ruinous_a for_o they_o cause_v great_a want_n and_o poverty_n which_o often_o drive_v they_o from_o all_o order_n to_o exorbitance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v common_a policy_n among_o prince_n to_o prevent_v such_o mischief_n with_o great_a care_n and_o providence_n by_o do_v nothing_o that_o may_v cause_v the_o nobility_n to_o despair_v of_o their_o safety_n nor_o leave_v any_o thing_n undo_v which_o may_v gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o commonalty_n to_o keep_v all_o in_o due_a obedience_n but_o now_o before_o we_o end_v this_o point_n in_o hand_n we_o must_v remember_v likewise_o that_o all_o body_n be_v not_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o constitution_n for_o that_o which_o be_v physic_n to_o one_o man_n be_v little_o better_a than_o poison_n to_o another_o tax_n some_o state_n can_v not_o subsist_v but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o heavy_a tax_n the_o state_n afore-written_a and_o divers_a other_o like_v to_o they_o can_v subsist_v by_o the_o help_n of_o those_o extraordinary_a contribution_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v because_o they_o be_v not_o able_a otherwise_o in_o short_a time_n to_o raise_v sufficient_a treasure_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o a_o potent_a enemy_n who_o have_v power_n to_o invade_v they_o on_o the_o sudden_a as_o be_v already_o declare_v but_o a_o mighty_a prince_n who_o dominion_n be_v great_a and_o unite_a his_o subject_n many_o and_o loyal_a his_o country_n rich_a both_o by_o nature_n and_o traffic_n his_o victual_n and_o warlike_a provision_n plentiful_a and_o ready_a his_o situation_n easy_a to_o offend_v other_o and_o difficult_a to_o be_v invade_v his_o harbour_n good_a his_o navy_n strong_a his_o alliance_n powerful_a and_o his_o ordinary_a revenue_n sufficient_a subject_n prince_n who_o have_v no_o just_a cause_n to_o say_v extraordinary_a and_o heavy_a tax_n upon_o their_o subject_n royal_o to_o support_v the_o majesty_n of_o his_o state_n beside_o a_o reasonable_a sum_n which_o may_v be_v advance_v to_o lay_v up_o yearly_a in_o treasure_n for_o future_a occasion_n shall_v not_o all_o these_o blessing_n be_v well_o order_v enable_v a_o prince_n against_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o any_o mighty_a enemy_n without_o impose_v those_o extraordinary_a and_o heavy_a tax_n shall_v not_o the_o wealthy_a and_o loyal_a subject_n of_o such_o a_o great_a and_o just_a prince_n maintain_v his_o honour_n and_o their_o own_o liberty_n with_o life_n and_o good_n always_o supply_v the_o treasure_n of_o their_o sovereign_n until_o by_o a_o well-ordered_a war_n he_o may_v enforce_v a_o happy_a peace_n yes_o very_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v expect_v and_o thus_o shall_v a_o mighty_a prince_n be_v more_o powerful_a in_o preserve_v the_o wealth_n and_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n than_o by_o treasure_v up_o their_o riches_n with_o unnecessary_a tax_n which_o can_v but_o alter_v and_o provoke_v they_o yea_o but_o say_v some_o man_n we_o may_v easy_o contradict_v all_o this_o by_o example_n take_v from_o some_o of_o the_o great_a monarch_n in_o christendom_n who_o beside_o those_o income_n which_o here_o be_v term_v ordinary_a they_o add_v likewise_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o the_o other_o heavy_a contribution_n all_o which_o we_o grant_v and_o more_o for_o they_o use_v also_o to_o sell_v their_o office_n and_o place_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v a_o act_n both_o base_a and_o wicked_a because_o it_o rob_v worthy_a man_n of_o their_o merit_n and_o betray_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o innocent_a whereby_o god_n be_v displease_v the_o people_n oppress_v and_o virtue_n banish_v from_o such_o unhappy_a kingdom_n shall_v we_o then_o say_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v lawful_a and_o necessary_a because_o they_o be_v use_v god_n forbid_v we_o know_v better_o and_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o these_o exaction_n be_v not_o take_v for_o a_o necessary_a defence_n of_o their_o own_o right_n but_o through_o pride_n and_o covetousness_n to_o add_v kingdom_n to_o kingdom_n and_o so_o to_o usurp_v the_o right_n of_o other_o subject_n the_o finist_a end_n which_o some_o great_a prince_n have_v in_o lay_v heavy_a tax_n upon_o their_o subject_n which_o action_n of_o impiety_n be_v ever_o shadow_v with_o some_o fair_a pretence_n of_o sanctity_n as_o be_v do_v for_o the_o catholic_n cause_n the_o propagation_n of_o the_o church_n the_o suppression_n of_o heretic_n and_o such_o like_a delusion_n serve_v only_o to_o further_a their_o own_o ambition_n whereof_o in_o this_o place_n it_o shall_v be_v needless_a to_o make_v any_o large_a discourse_n chap._n xvii_o whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o great_a prince_n to_o lay_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n before_o we_o set_v down_o the_o quantity_n of_o treasure_n which_o prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o yearly_o without_o hurt_v the_o commonwealth_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o examine_v whether_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o treasure_v be_v necessary_a for_o in_o common_a conference_n we_o ever_o find_v some_o man_n who_o do_v so_o much_o dote_v or_o hope_n upon_o the_o liberality_n of_o prince_n that_o they_o term_v it_o baseness_n and_o conceive_v it_o needless_a for_o they_o to_o lay_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n account_v the_o honour_n and_o safety_n of_o great_a prince_n to_o consist_v more_o in_o their_o bounty_n than_o in_o their_o money_n which_o they_o labour_v to_o confirm_v by_o the_o example_n of_o caesar_n alexander_n and_o other_o who_o hate_v covetousness_n achieve_v many_o act_n and_o victory_n by_o lavish_a gift_n and_o liberal_a expense_n unto_o which_o they_o add_v also_o the_o little_a fruit_n which_o come_v by_o that_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o king_n david_n lay_v up_o and_o leave_v to_o his_o son_n solomon_n who_o notwithstanding_o this_o and_o all_o his_o other_o rich_a present_n and_o wealthy_a traffic_n in_o a_o quiet_a reign_n consume_v all_o with_o pomp_n and_o vain_a delight_n except_v only_o that_o which_o be_v spend_v in_o building_n of_o the_o temple_n whereupon_o say_v they_o if_o so_o much_o treasure_n gather_v by_o so_o just_a a_o king_n effect_v so_o little_a what_o shall_v we_o hope_v for_o by_o the_o endeavour_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o other_o prince_n sardanapalus_n leave_v ten_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o they_o that_o fly_v he_o darius_n leave_v twenty_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o alexander_n that_o take_v he_o nero_n be_v leave_v rich_a and_o extort_v much_o from_o his_o best_a subject_n give_v away_o above_o twelve_o million_o of_o pound_n to_o his_o base_a flatterer_n and_o such_o unworthy_a person_n which_o cause_v galba_n after_o he_o to_o revoke_v those_o gift_n a_o prince_n who_o have_v store_n of_o money_n hate_v peace_n despise_v the_o friendship_n of_o his_o neighbour_n and_o ally_n enter_v not_o only_o into_o unnecessary_a but_o also_o into_o dangerous_a war_n to_o ruin_v and_o overthrow_n sometime_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n all_o which_o with_o divers_a other_o weak_a argument_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o for_o brevity_n i_o omit_v make_v nothing_o against_o the_o lawful_a gathering_n and_o massing_n up_o of_o treasure_n by_o wise_a and_o provident_a prince_n if_o they_o be_v right_o understand_v for_o first_o concern_v those_o worthy_n who_o have_v obtain_v to_o the_o high_a top_n of_o honour_n and_o dignity_n by_o their_o great_a gift_n and_o expense_n who_o know_v not_o that_o this_o have_v be_v do_v rather_o upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o their_o enemy_n than_o out_o of_o their_o own_o coffer_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o bounty_n that_o cause_v neither_o loss_n nor_o peril_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o prince_n which_o do_v not_o provident_o lay_v up_o treasure_n or_o do_v immoderate_o consume_v the_o same_o when_o they_o have_v it_o will_v sudden_o come_v to_o want_v and_o misery_n hand_n excess_n and_o bounty_n bring_v beggary_n which_o make_v most_o man_n devise_v in_o their_o head_n how_o to_o extort_v and_o get_v money_n into_o their_o hand_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o do_v so_o soon_o decayas_n excessive_a bounty_n in_o use_v whereof_o they_o want_v the_o mean_n to_o use_v it_o and_o this_o be_v king_n solomon_n case_n notwithstanding_o his_o infinite_a treasure_n which_o make_v he_o overburthen_n his_o subject_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o for_o this_o cause_n many_o of_o they_o rebel_v against_o his_o son_n rehoboam_n who_o thereby_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o dominion_n be_v so_o gross_o mislead_v by_o his_o young_a counsellor_n therefore_o a_o prince_n that_o will_v not_o oppress_v his_o people_n and_o yet_o be_v able_a to_o
know_v ready_o how_o to_o make_v his_o calculation_n in_o all_o contract_n how_o the_o one_o weight_n do_v advance_v of_o the_o other_o or_o what_o the_o one_o may_v want_v of_o the_o other_o make_v his_o account_n of_o concordancy_n allow_v or_o deduct_v where_o he_o find_v the_o discrepancy_n arise_v by_o overplus_n or_o either_o by_o a_o want_n in_o the_o one_o or_o in_o the_o other_o use_n two_o manner_n of_o weigh_v in_o use_n now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o weigh_v in_o general_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o ever_o i_o have_v observe_v have_v be_v note_v to_o have_v be_v do_v two_o several_a way_n that_o be_v either_o by_o a_o beam_n or_o by_o a_o romant_n or_o stalier_n beam_n by_o beam_n the_o weight_n by_o beam_n i_o hold_v the_o best_a and_o just_a perform_v with_o leaden_a brass_n or_o iron_n weight_n provide_v the_o same_o beam_n be_v good_a and_o even_a both_o empty_a and_o lade_v with_o one_o equal_a weight_n and_o this_o be_v see_v to_o be_v the_o common_a custom_n of_o weigh_v in_o england_n netherlands_o and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n and_o country_n stalier_n by_o stalier_n the_o weight_n by_o stalier_n which_o be_v use_v in_o turkey_n barbary_n and_o italy_n and_o sundry_a other_o country_n i_o hold_v not_o so_o sure_a for_o thereupon_o be_v mark_v all_o the_o number_n of_o weight_n that_o may_v be_v weigh_v thereby_o which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o small_a counterpoise_n remove_v to_o several_a station_n supply_v sometime_o the_o place_n of_o a_o pound_n and_o sometime_o the_o place_n of_o 100_o pound_n wherein_o be_v oftentimes_o find_v great_a deceit_n which_o by_o the_o buyer_n and_o seller_n be_v careful_o and_o heedful_o in_o those_o place_n to_o be_v both_o prevent_v and_o avoid_v weigh_v to_o abbreviate_v the_o labour_n of_o weigh_v now_o if_o with_o a_o beam_n one_o will_v abbreviate_v a_o long_a labour_n with_o a_o small_a time_n and_o pain_n and_o weigh_v much_o with_o few_o weight_n his_o weight_n must_v be_v make_v by_o a_o augmentation_n double_v as_o by_o piece_n of_o 1_o lib._n 2_o lib._n 4_o lib._n 8_o lib._n 16_o lib._n 32_o lib._n and_o 64_o lib._n make_v in_o all_o 127_o lib._n with_o which_o all_o sum_n under_o that_o number_n may_v be_v comprehend_v and_o weigh_v and_o some_o exercise_v in_o great_a affair_n by_o single_a weight_n tripled_a have_v go_v further_a and_o procure_v 1_o l._n 3_o l._n 9_o l._n 27_o l._n 81_o l._n etc._n etc._n and_o thereby_o with_o little_a labour_n have_v perform_v very_o weighty_a and_o great_a business_n but_o i_o leave_v this_o to_o the_o ingenious_a and_o to_o he_o that_o shall_v fancy_v this_o method_n and_o manner_n of_o weigh_v magistrate_n weight_n authorize_v by_o the_o magistrate_n in_o all_o city_n then_o and_o place_n of_o traffic_n there_o be_v find_v a_o weight_n as_o i_o say_v authorize_v by_o the_o magistrate_n which_o to_o alter_v or_o diminish_v be_v ever_o hold_v a_o capital_a crime_n this_o weight_n thus_o settle_v in_o every_o place_n and_o city_n of_o trade_n be_v repute_v the_o standard_n of_o the_o place_n by_o which_o as_o well_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o stranger_n do_v make_v their_o bargain_n and_o contract_n and_o without_o which_o many_o bargain_n can_v be_v make_v and_o perfect_v weigh-house_n weigh-house_n and_o therefore_o partly_o to_o avoid_v scruple_n and_o doubt_n and_o partly_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o all_o man_n and_o partly_o to_o decide_v all_o controversy_n incident_a in_o weigh_v there_o be_v in_o the_o most_o eminent_a city_n a_o public_a weigh-house_n set_v up_o and_o appoint_v where_o every_o man_n may_v repair_v unto_o either_o for_o necessity_n of_o weigh_v or_o trial_n of_o his_o weight_n and_o which_o be_v authorize_v by_o the_o prince_n as_o a_o rule_n for_o all_o man_n that_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n thereof_o in_o the_o say_a place_n serve_v sometime_o as_o the_o beam_n whereby_o his_o custom_n and_o duty_n be_v pay_v he_o swear_v weigh_o swear_v the_o master_n overseer_n or_o weigh_o be_v ever_o swear_v and_o depute_v to_o do_v justice_n and_o right_n in_o his_o weigh_v not_o only_o between_o man_n and_o man_n but_o if_o need_v be_v between_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o subject_a calculate_v by_o which_o weight_v the_o weight_n of_o this_o book_n be_v calculate_v this_o weight_n account_v thus_o the_o common_a and_o receive_a standard_n of_o city_n and_o country_n be_v it_o upon_o which_o as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v possible_a i_o have_v in_o all_o these_o follow_a place_n make_v my_o observation_n and_o from_o thence_o raise_v not_o only_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o with_o other_o neighbour_a place_n and_o city_n but_o also_o with_o that_o which_o we_o call_v our_o haberdepou_a weight_n of_o england_n wherein_o with_o all_o industry_n i_o have_v labour_v to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n and_o certainty_n thereof_o which_o as_o subject_a to_o error_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o future_a trial_n of_o the_o better_o experience_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o a_o way_n and_o method_n invent_v by_o unequal_a weight_n to_o accord_v the_o weight_n of_o any_o two_o know_a place_n or_o city_n which_o brief_o be_v thus_o perform_v place_n a_o way_n to_o accord_v the_o weight_n of_o any_o two_o place_n prepare_v a_o balance_n as_o exact_o make_v as_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o very_a little_a thing_n may_v cause_v they_o to_o incline_v one_o way_n or_o other_o likewise_o prepare_v of_o the_o one_o place_n the_o just_a pound_n the_o half_a pound_n the_o ¼_n the_o ½_n the_o 1_o 16_o the_o 1_o â—8_o the_o 1_o 64_o the_o 1_o 1â—…_n and_o the_o 1_o 123_o part_n of_o that_o pound_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a until_o you_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v sufficient_a then_o take_v the_o just_a pound_n weight_n of_o the_o other_o place_n and_o put_v it_o into_o one_o of_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o balance_n and_o in_o the_o other_o scale_n put_v such_o weight_n as_o may_v just_o counterpoise_v the_o pound_n weight_n of_o that_o place_n as_o for_o example_n say_v that_o the_o half_a the_o ¼_n the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o 1_o 238_o part_n of_o the_o pound_n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o counterpoise_v the_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o other_o place_n then_o by_o consequence_n it_o follow_v that_o 128_o lib._n 64_o lib._n 32_o lib._n and_o 1_o lib._n that_o be_v in_o all_o 255_o lib._n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o weigh_v 256_o lib._n of_o the_o other_o place_n again_o say_v that_o the_o 1_o lib._n the_o â…›_n 1_o â—…_n 1_o â—…_n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o counterpoise_v the_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o other_o then_o i_o infer_v thereby_o that_o 512._o 64._o 〈◊〉_d 2._o and_o 1._o that_o be_v in_o all_o 579_o lib._n of_o the_o first_o place_n do_v just_o weigh_v 512_o lib._n of_o the_o other_o place_n by_o which_o the_o calculation_n may_v be_v make_v both_o to_o the_o hundred_o and_o to_o the_o pound_n therefore_o the_o further_a search_n and_o consideration_n thereof_o i_o willing_o here_o omit_v and_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o more_o ingenious_a chap._n vii_o of_o account_n and_o account-keeping_a in_o general_n observe_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n commerce_n account_n necessary_a in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n all_o rational_a negotiator_n and_o trader_n in_o general_n will_v grant_v that_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v very_o imperfect_a if_o it_o shall_v want_v the_o due_a rule_n and_o observation_n whereby_o account_n be_v in_o all_o city_n of_o commerce_n order_v and_o keep_v which_o though_o find_v in_o themselves_o to_o vary_v in_o several_a kingdom_n and_o place_n as_o have_v oftentimes_o a_o dependency_n and_o sometime_o concurrency_n with_o the_o coin_n and_o money_n of_o each_o kingdom_n yet_o in_o all_o place_n they_o be_v not_o find_v to_o have_v the_o like_a agreement_n together_o country_n account_n keep_v diverse_o in_o divers_a city_n and_o country_n some_o country_n be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n and_o the_o denomination_n thereof_o in_o imaginary_a coin_n such_o as_o neither_o that_o country_n not_o place_n have_v either_o proper_a coin_n or_o money_n that_o have_v any_o affinity_n therewith_o as_o by_o daily_a practice_n be_v see_v use_v in_o venice_n by_o the_o ducat_n of_o lire_fw-fr 6â…“_n in_o florence_n by_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n of_o lire_fw-fr 7½_n and_o as_o in_o england_n it_o be_v use_v in_o those_o ancient_a account_n keep_v in_o some_o office_n for_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o name_n of_o mark_n of_o which_o we_o find_v not_o at_o this_o day_n any_o proper_a coin_n or_o money_n in_o use_n again_o it_o be_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a place_n afford_v several_a denomination_n in_o their_o