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enterprise_n will_n contrary_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o senate_n keep_v the_o army_n together_o and_o despise_v the_o authority_n thereof_o cato_n counsel_n of_o destroy_v carthage_n may_v then_o have_v prove_v good_a not_o of_o itself_o but_o when_o the_o roman_n be_v safe_a for_o these_o enemy_n and_o settle_v in_o a_o condition_n of_o not_o be_v to_o fear_v any_o foreign_a force_n can_v have_v order_v unto_o themselves_o a_o firm_a and_o quiet_a civil_a state_n it_o be_v know_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o other_o agreement_n make_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v do_v but_o little_a good_a for_o they_o keep_v still_o the_o same_o mind_n though_o not_o the_o same_o fortune_n do_v not_o let_v slip_v any_o occasion_n of_o throw_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o slavery_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v put_v upon_o they_o so_o as_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o rest_v secure_a from_o their_o force_n since_o their_o word_n be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v be_v to_o put_v they_o out_o of_o their_o ancient_a nest_n and_o to_o make_v they_o live_v far_o from_o the_o sea_n as_o they_o be_v command_v to_o do_v after_o that_o their_o country_n be_v destroy_v so_o to_o bereave_v they_o of_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o mean_n whereof_o that_o commonwealth_n be_v grow_v great_a and_o powerful_a but_o wherein_o be_v the_o quiet_a of_o rome_n better_v by_o the_o ruin_n of_o carthage_n if_o they_o will_v have_v to_o do_v with_o more_o barbarous_a nation_n and_o nation_n further_o off_o not_o move_v thereunto_o through_o fear_n nor_o provoke_v by_o any_o injury_n think_v their_o empire_n be_v only_o to_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o earth_n what_o have_v the_o parthian_n of_o common_a with_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o rome_n what_o injury_n have_v they_o then_o do_v she_o to_o make_v the_o roman_n take_v up_o arm_n against_o they_o yet_o crassus_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o find_v they_o out_o in_o those_o far_o distant_a part_n whereby_o to_o draw_v upon_o himself_o and_o the_o roman_a army_n so_o many_o great_a loss_n and_o ruin_n as_o they_o be_v to_o undergo_v in_o that_o war._n the_o overthrow_n of_o carthage_n shall_v peradventure_o have_v take_v from_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n their_o desire_n of_o continual_a warfaring_a as_o it_o take_v from_o they_o the_o occasion_n of_o be_v in_o arm_n but_o it_o do_v not_o so_o for_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v and_o nourish_v these_o thought_n be_v internal_a not_o external_a so_o as_o they_o be_v not_o provoke_v to_o arm_n but_o do_v rather_o provoke_v other_o and_o when_o they_o fight_v not_o for_o the_o welfare_n they_o fight_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o all_o the_o order_n of_o that_o city_n consist_v only_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o militia_n but_o how_o can_v a_o city_n be_v long_o preserve_v which_o be_v whole_o bend_v upon_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o mean_n to_o bring_v she_o to_o her_o end_n how_o can_v she_o enjoy_v true_a civil_a felicity_n if_o she_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v and_o do_v not_o value_v it_o but_o do_v abhor_v that_o peace_n and_o quiet_a which_o beggar_n civil_a felicity_n therefore_o if_o that_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v well_o institute_v in_o civil_a order_n and_o that_o when_o carthage_n be_v destroy_v she_o have_v know_v which_o she_o do_v not_o how_o to_o lay_v down_o arm_n this_o have_v be_v the_o way_n to_o bring_v she_o to_o much_o good_a nay_o to_o the_o true_a and_o chief_a good_a of_o civil_a felicity_n not_o to_o the_o ruin_n and_o perdition_n thereof_o so_o as_o if_o scipio_n doubt_v that_o the_o introduce_v of_o idleness_n into_o rome_n may_v bring_v with_o it_o such_o notable_a disadvantage_n it_o be_v perhaps_o because_o know_v the_o imperfection_n of_o that_o government_n he_o fear_v not_o that_o idleness_n which_o the_o lay_n down_o of_o arm_n be_v wont_a to_o produce_v but_o that_o which_o be_v bear_v and_o do_v increase_v with_o the_o corrupt_a custom_n of_o city_n by_o which_o contrary_n but_o whole_o pestiferous_a effect_n be_v beget_v en_fw-fr as_o the_o make_n of_o some_o citizen_n love_v pleasure_n and_o hate_v labour_n and_o toil_n and_o other_o strange_o proud_a lover_n of_o brawl_n and_o novelty_n the_o athenian_n endeavour_v to_o banish_v this_o sort_n of_o idleness_n from_o out_o their_o city_n commit_v the_o care_n thereof_o to_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o severe_a magistrate_n call_v areopagus_n but_o that_o true_a and_o virtuous_a quiet_n which_o be_v oppose_v unto_o toil_n and_o which_o as_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v desire_v aught_o to_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o a_o city_n do_v not_o banish_v but_o do_v nourish_v true_a generosity_n of_o mind_n which_o make_v man_n willing_o enter_v when_o need_n require_v into_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n for_o honesty_n sake_n and_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n not_o out_o of_o ambition_n and_o desire_n of_o self-greatness_n and_o to_o free_v the_o city_n from_o the_o fear_n of_o her_o powerful_a and_o bitter_a enemy_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v not_o contrary_a to_o this_o so_o as_o i_o may_v conclude_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n but_o the_o ill_a government_n of_o rome_n which_o wrought_v her_o ruin_n the_o eight_o discourse_n why_o rome_n can_v not_o regain_v her_o liberty_n after_o the_o death_n of_o julius_n caesar_n as_o she_o have_v former_o do_v by_o drive_v the_o tarquin_n first_o out_n and_o then_o appius_n claudius_n and_o the_o other_o decemviri_fw-la many_o do_v not_o without_o reason_n wonder_n why_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n which_o after_o have_v drive_v the_o tarquin_n out_o who_o have_v reign_v for_o above_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o year_n and_o which_o have_v afterward_o make_v appâ—us_n clandius_n and_o the_o other_o decemvirl_n lie_v down_o their_o magistracy_n who_o usurped_a
worth_n of_o some_o of_o her_o king_n among_o which_o philip_n the_o father_n of_o alexander_n who_o as_o he_o prove_v a_o great_a prince_n and_o of_o deep_a design_n so_o be_v he_o very_o pernicious_a to_o greece_n for_o divers_a people_n of_o greece_n have_v recourse_n to_o he_o for_o help_v against_o some_o other_o grecian_n that_o be_v their_o enemy_n they_o be_v willing_o receive_v and_o their_o request_n gracious_o listen_v unto_o that_o so_o he_o may_v nourish_v their_o discord_n and_o weaken_v all_o their_o force_n by_o continual_a war_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o make_v himself_o arbitrator_n of_o all_o greece_n insomuch_o as_o there_o be_v not_o any_o of_o they_o who_o do_v not_o sometime_o apply_v themselves_o unto_o he_o either_o for_o peace_n to_o themselves_o or_o for_o help_v by_o war_n against_o other_o wherefore_o philip_n discover_v his_o intention_n at_o last_o that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o rule_v over_o all_o greece_n he_o enter_v thereinto_o with_o powerful_a force_n and_o be_v no_o less_o grievous_a to_o those_o who_o first_o call_v he_o in_o then_o to_o the_o rest_n against_o who_o he_o declare_v his_o come_n to_o be_v so_o thebes_n which_o be_v the_o first_o city_n which_o make_v use_v of_o his_o force_n and_o do_v it_o often_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o though_o with_o prejudice_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o taste_v the_o bitter_a fruit_n of_o her_o unadvised_a counsel_n be_v ruin_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o same_o philip_n who_o be_v much_o allure_v by_o the_o take_n of_o that_o city_n and_o by_o hope_n of_o great_a matter_n resolve_v to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o other_o city_n of_o greece_n to_o which_o design_n whereas_o all_o greece_n ought_v to_o have_v oppose_v themselves_o for_o the_o common_a interest_n they_o go_v about_o though_o by_o several_a and_o divide_a counsel_n to_o join_v themselves_o with_o he_o and_o to_o place_v their_o own_o safety_n in_o his_o friendship_n and_o fidelity_n thus_o do_v all_o beotia_n thessaly_n and_o other_o region_n adhere_v unto_o he_o and_o the_o athenian_n who_o encourage_v by_o demosthenes_n take_v up_o arm_n themselves_o and_o endeavour_v to_o raise_v whole_a greece_n against_o philip_n be_v but_o in_o weak_a condition_n after_o the_o so_o many_o defeat_v receive_v from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n they_o also_o have_v recourse_n to_o he_o for_o safety_n by_o the_o way_n of_o favour_n and_o peace_n not_o only_o for_o themselves_o but_o for_o all_o greece_n so_o as_o the_o spartan_n be_v leave_v almost_o alone_o to_o oppose_v philip_n force_n they_o prove_v much_o too_o weak_a to_o withstand_v such_o a_o power_n so_o as_o greece_n be_v oppress_v by_o foreign_a force_n fall_v at_o last_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o macedonian_n and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o likelihood_n by_o the_o death_n of_o philip_n who_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o well_o confirm_v his_o government_n over_o they_o that_o the_o grecian_n may_v have_v shake_v off_o their_o yoke_n of_o servitude_n alexander_n succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n so_o valiant_a a_o prince_n as_o he_o be_v a_o terror_n not_o only_o to_o his_o neighbour_n but_o to_o all_o the_o east_n who_o by_o his_o supreme_a greatness_n and_o excellent_a worth_n make_v all_o his_o soldier_n so_o enamour_v of_o he_o as_o some_o of_o the_o grecian_a commander_n who_o have_v follow_v he_o in_o the_o war_n in_o persia_n stick_v not_o to_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o in_o greece_n who_o ought_v not_o to_o desire_v as_o the_o great_a happiness_n that_o can_v befall_v they_o that_o alexander_n may_v sit_v in_o the_o throne_n as_o king_n of_o persia._n but_o after_o alexander_n unexpected_a death_n greece_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o better_a opportunity_n offer_v she_o to_o remit_v herself_o into_o her_o former_a liberty_n be_v just_a at_o that_o time_n in_o arm_n for_o the_o athenian_n with_o many_o other_o people_n be_v rebel_v against_o alexander_n and_o have_v a_o army_n on_o foot_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n beside_o a_o numerous_a fleet_n discontent_v because_o he_o will_v have_v receive_v into_o their_o country_n a_o great_a many_o of_o citizen_n who_o have_v be_v banish_v for_o diversity_n of_o faction_n and_o moreover_o the_o division_n of_o empire_n make_v by_o alexander_n among_o so_o many_o of_o his_o commander_n and_o the_o contention_n which_o sudden_o arise_v among_o they_o be_v thing_n which_o give_v greece_n great_a opportunity_n of_o not_o be_v any_o more_o subject_a to_o be_v command_v by_o a_o foreiner_n yet_o can_v she_o not_o lay_v hold_v thereon_o either_o because_o their_o former_a valour_n and_o generosity_n begin_v to_o fail_v in_o they_o and_o their_o ancient_a custom_n to_o be_v corrupt_v for_o many_o who_o have_v receive_v favour_n from_o philip_n and_o from_o alexander_n love_v better_a to_o be_v govern_v by_o one_o man_n alone_o then_o to_o restore_v their_o country_n to_o her_o liberty_n and_o chief_o for_o that_o the_o people_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v great_a authority_n in_o those_o day_n the_o best_a and_o most_o valiant_a citizen_n be_v reward_v with_o banishment_n and_o other_o injury_n for_o their_o service_n or_o else_o it_o may_v rather_o be_v say_v that_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o civil_a discord_n which_o have_v at_o first_o make_v greece_n weak_a and_o not_o able_a to_o maintain_v herself_o in_o a_o free_a condition_n do_v concur_v at_o this_o time_n likewise_o to_o make_v her_o relapse_n into_o slavery_n thus_o the_o achaean_n and_o the_o argive_n who_o together_o with_o the_o athenian_n have_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o macedonian_n either_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o antipater_n force_n to_o who_o share_n in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n after_o alexander_n death_n macedonia_n and_o greece_n fall_v of_o which_o province_n he_o be_v former_o governor_n or_o else_o egg_v on_o by_o envy_n they_o soon_o forgo_v the_o league_n which_o they_o have_v contract_v 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hold_n as_o now_o it_o be_v she_o may_v not_o peradventure_o have_v run_v so_o great_a a_o misfortune_n she_o have_v not_o so_o soon_o lose_v so_o many_o and_o so_o noble_a city_n as_o she_o do_v but_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v on_o the_o contrary_a that_o if_o in_o that_o evil_a crisis_n of_o affair_n wherein_o she_o be_v bring_v to_o such_o adversity_n she_o have_v have_v so_o many_o important_a fort_n as_o now_o she_o have_v and_o that_o they_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n she_o will_v not_o certain_o have_v so_o soon_o recover_v her_o loss_n and_o restore_v herself_o into_o her_o pristine_a power_n and_o greatness_n as_o she_o do_v we_o likewise_o see_v the_o state_n of_o milan_n which_o fall_v so_o often_o into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o french_a it_o stay_v not_o long_o under_o their_o dominion_n for_o not_o find_v any_o strong_a and_o royal_a fort_n wherein_o they_o can_v make_v any_o safe_a abode_n nor_o have_v time_n to_o erect_v any_o by_o reason_n 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make_v the_o difficulty_n of_o regain_n it_o the_o great_a when_o charles_n the_o eight_o king_n of_o france_n go_v to_o win_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n pass_v through_o tuscany_n the_o fort_n which_o the_o florentine_n have_v build_v for_o their_o own_o security_n be_v the_o very_a thing_n whereby_o they_o be_v most_o endamage_v and_o these_o fall_n into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o french_a who_o force_n they_o think_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o put_v the_o florentine_n to_o vast_a expense_n and_o make_v they_o undergo_v great_a slavery_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o recover_v they_o whereas_o if_o that_o state_n have_v laâ—n_o open_a the_o king_n who_o be_v bind_v upon_o other_o enterprise_n pass_v forward_o will_v no_o way_n have_v trouble_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n the_o like_a and_o almost_o out_o of_o the_o like_a respect_n do_v afterward_o befall_v duke_n cosimo_n when_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o will_v keep_v some_o castle_n belong_v to_o that_o state_n in_o his_o own_o power_n which_o shall_v otherwise_o have_v be_v leave_v free_a to_o cosimo_n and_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o that_o say_n chele_n fortezza_fw-it sonoi_fw-it ceppi_n della_fw-it toscana_n that_o strong_a hold_n be_v the_o fetter_n of_o tuscany_n these_o be_v the_o great_a mischief_n which_o strong_a hold_v use_v to_o bring_v with_o they_o but_o there_o be_v other_o not_o altogether_o so_o grievous_a but_o more_o certain_a and_o irreparable_a for_o who_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o excessive_a charge_n which_o prince_n be_v at_o not_o only_o in_o build_v fortress_n but_o more_o in_o munit_a and_o guard_v they_o do_v sufficient_o exhaust_v the_o public_a exchequer_n and_o necessitate_v the_o disburse_n of_o such_o money_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o aught_o to_o be_v keep_v for_o the_o more_o urgent_a occasion_n of_o war._n and_o certain_o he_o who_o can_v see_v what_o vast_a sum_n the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n have_v spend_v for_o some_o late_a year_n pass_v in_o make_v and_o munit_a so_o many_o fort_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n will_v be_v very_o much_o astonish_v and_o will_v confess_v that_o so_o great_a a_o mass_n of_o treasure_n will_v â—beâ—_n sufficient_a to_o provide_v for_o any_o war_n how_o great_a soever_o and_o to_o withstand_v for_o a_o good_a while_o any_o potent_a enemy_n it_o may_v peradventure_o likewise_o be_v say_v and_o not_o untrue_o that_o whilst_o a_o prince_n repose_v much_o confidence_n in_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v his_o state_n by_o mean_n of_o these_o strong_a hold_v and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o a_o few_o soldier_n he_o be_v not_o so_o careful_a as_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o other_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o miliâ—ia_n which_o be_v notwithstanding_o real_a and_o secure_a foundation_n of_o a_o state_n the_o lacedaemonian_n will_v not_o therefore_o suffer_v their_o city_n to_o be_v begird_v with_o a_o wall_n because_o they_o believe_v that_o by_o the_o thought_n of_o such_o security_n their_o citizen_n will_v become_v more_o careless_a and_o negligent_a in_o manage_v their_o arm_n by_o sole_a mean_n whereof_o they_o think_v that_o the_o force_n of_o a_o enemy_n may_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v keep_v afar_o off_o which_o that_o wise_a man_n will_v likewise_o infer_v who_o say_v that_o the_o wall_n which_o ought_v to_o secure_v a_o city_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o iron_n not_o of_o stone_n and_o a_o spartan_a be_v demand_v by_o a_o athenian_a what_o he_o think_v of_o the_o wall_n of_o athens_n answer_v that_o he_o think_v they_o be_v very_o handsome_a for_o a_o city_n which_o be_v to_o be_v inhabit_v by_o woman_n infer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a nor_o honourable_a for_o able_a valiant_a man_n to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o their_o enemy_n by_o such_o mean_n it_o be_v likewise_o usual_o see_v that_o a_o prince_n who_o think_v he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o curb_v his_o subject_n to_o govern_v they_o and_o rule_v they_o as_o he_o please_v by_o mean_n of_o bulwark_n and_o castle_n and_o that_o therefore_o he_o need_v not_o the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v much_o less_o mindful_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o become_v a_o good_a prince_n and_o which_o purchase_n affection_n yet_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o many_o evident_a example_n that_o the_o people_n love_n or_o hatred_n be_v that_o which_o do_v most_o preserve_v unto_o he_o or_o bereave_v he_o of_o his_o state_n and_o make_v they_o more_o ready_a or_o backward_o to_o render_v he_o obedient_a as_o be_v of_o late_o see_v in_o flanders_n which_o so_o many_o fortress_n and_o army_n have_v not_o in_o so_o long_a a_o time_n be_v able_a to_o reduce_v to_o the_o devotion_n of_o its_o legitimate_a prince_n and_o it_o may_v general_o be_v observe_v that_o such_o government_n as_o have_v last_v long_a have_v be_v preserve_v not_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o strong_a hold_n whereof_o some_o have_v not_o have_v any_o but_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o good_a militia_n and_o of_o the_o subject_n love_v the_o roman_n be_v accustom_v when_o they_o have_v win_v any_o new_a country_n to_o send_v new_a inhabitant_n thither_o who_o be_v place_v either_o in_o the_o ancient_a city_n or_o in_o other_o build_v by_o themselves_o they_o call_v roman_a colony_n and_o by_o these_o man_n valour_n as_o people_n devote_a and_o oblige_v to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n out_o of_o remembrance_n of_o their_o desert_n and_o in_o gratitude_n for_o the_o good_a which_o they_o have_v receive_v they_o easy_o keep_v the_o new_a subject_n in_o loyalty_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o country_n which_o they_o have_v win_v by_o their_o arm_n in_o obedience_n the_o which_o be_v move_v thereunto_o by_o the_o same_o respect_n the_o venetian_n do_v likewise_o in_o candia_n send_v many_o of_o their_o own_o gentleman_n thither_o to_o make_v colony_n and_o to_o defend_v and_o maintain_v that_o island_n but_o the_o turk_n in_o a_o very_a violent_a manner_n but_o answerable_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o government_n do_v almost_o total_o destroy_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o their_o new-gotten_a country_n chief_o the_o rich_a and_o the_o most_o noble_a from_o who_o they_o take_v their_o lâ—nds_n and_o possession_n and_o give_v the_o revenue_n thereof_o to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o soldiery_n make_v timari_n thereof_o as_o they_o term_v it_o which_o be_v pays_n or_o revenue_n assign_v over_o to_o the_o soldier_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o be_v to_o maintain_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o horse_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o keep_v a_o great_a number_n of_o warrior_n continual_o on_o foot_n who_o serve_v for_o garrison_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o new_a acquire_v country_n be_v notwithstanding_o always_o ready_a to_o serve_v in_o any_o other_o place_n
and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v to_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o state_n than_o fort_n and_o strong_a hold_n can_v do_v to_o those_o other_o nation_n which_o make_v most_o use_n of_o they_o but_o other_o prince_n who_o have_v have_v great_a abundance_n of_o territory_n if_o you_o will_v respect_v their_o inhabitant_n do_v use_v to_o leave_v great_a store_n of_o land_n upon_o their_o confine_n desert_n and_o unmanured_a as_o at_o these_o time_n the_o persian_n do_v upon_o their_o confine_n towards_o the_o turk_n to_o render_v it_o more_o difficult_a for_o a_o numerous_a army_n to_o pass_v through_o they_o to_o their_o prejudice_n or_o in_o case_n they_o do_v to_o make_v any_o long_a abode_n there_o which_o have_v often_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o they_o as_o have_v be_v see_v when_o very_o mighty_a army_n have_v be_v lead_v on_o by_o the_o ottoman_a emperor_n against_o the_o persian_n they_o have_v most_o common_o be_v waste_v and_o destroy_v by_o their_o own_o suffering_n and_o want_n from_o these_o thing_n it_o appear_v it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o there_o be_v other_o art_n and_o way_n which_o may_v much_o better_o do_v that_o for_o which_o fortification_n be_v first_o find_v out_o and_o for_o which_o they_o be_v now_o aday_n so_o much_o use_v especial_o among_o christian_a prince_n and_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v face_v about_o some_o other_o and_o those_o no_o contemptible_a argument_n will_v be_v find_v which_o will_v plead_v for_o the_o very_a great_a advantage_n which_o prince_n and_o state_n receive_v from_o fortification_n it_o be_v most_o assure_o certain_a that_o to_o secure_v a_o man_n self_n by_o all_o mean_v possible_a from_o offence_n be_v a_o precept_n not_o only_o teach_v by_o reason_n but_o dictate_v by_o nature_n which_o as_o it_o be_v by_o some_o occult_a and_o miraculous_a counsel_n have_v please_v to_o divide_v those_o nation_n by_o a_o long_a series_n of_o high_a tower_a mountain_n and_o to_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o injury_n which_o the_o diversity_n of_o climate_n have_v produce_v in_o their_o several_a affection_n and_o custom_n and_o consequent_o a_o certain_a natural_a enmity_n and_o have_v likewise_o provide_v in_o all_o part_n more_o eminent_a seat_n among_o mountain_n and_o more_o enclose_v one_o amid_o valley_n wherein_o the_o inhabitant_n may_v preserve_v themselves_o safe_a from_o the_o force_n and_o violence_n which_o the_o strong_a use_n to_o exercise_v upon_o the_o weak_a so_o as_o fortification_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o art_n which_o do_v imitate_v and_o help_v nature_n because_o her_o operation_n be_v like_o those_o of_o the_o other_o and_o do_v sometime_o reduce_v the_o workmanship_n of_o nature_n to_o more_o perfection_n and_o use_n and_o though_o this_o be_v not_o ground_v upon_o so_o certain_a principle_n as_o those_o of_o the_o science_n yet_o do_v she_o govern_v herself_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o reason_n in_o such_o thing_n wherein_o she_o be_v verse_v and_o thus_o much_o may_v serve_v to_o prove_v that_o she_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o art_n neither_o ought_v she_o to_o be_v ever_o a_o whit_n undervalue_v because_o new_a thing_n and_o new_a rule_n be_v daily_o find_v out_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o those_o that_o study_v she_o since_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o natural_a and_o eternal_a thing_n to_o keep_v themselves_o always_o in_o such_o a_o condition_n as_o that_o they_o suffer_v not_o any_o alteration_n but_o say_v what_o thing_n it_o be_v which_o of_o all_o humane_a operation_n wherein_o such_o certainty_n and_o constancy_n be_v to_o be_v find_v no_o man_n will_v notwithstanding_o say_v that_o man_n be_v to_o live_v idle_o or_o total_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o contemplation_n and_o despise_v so_o many_o art_n which_o be_v the_o ornament_n of_o civil_a life_n because_o we_o can_v proceed_v therein_o by_o way_n of_o demonstration_n to_o one_o only_a and_o certain_a truth_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o art_n of_o fortification_n be_v of_o late_a invention_n for_o it_o be_v very_o ancient_a and_o have_v be_v know_v almost_o in_o all_o age_n and_o by_o all_o nation_n but_o sometime_o in_o lesser_a sometime_o in_o great_a perfection_n according_a to_o a_o certain_a variety_n and_o vicissitude_n which_o time_n cause_v as_o well_o in_o art_n as_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n the_o ancient_n have_v their_o fort_n and_o engine_n of_o war_n to_o take_v they_o which_o by_o a_o general_a name_n they_o call_v tormenta_fw-mi among_o other_o engine_n which_o serve_v to_o batter_v down_o fort_n the_o ram_n be_v much_o know_v and_o use_v and_o we_o find_v mention_v make_v of_o many_o other_o sort_n of_o instrument_n belong_v to_o the_o offence_n and_o defence_n of_o city_n and_o of_o these_o some_o so_o miraculous_a as_o their_o force_n may_v be_v say_v to_o cause_v no_o less_o wonder_n than_o do_v our_o gun_n nowadays_o to_o this_o purpose_n we_o read_v that_o when_o scipio_n will_v vanquish_v a_o certain_a city_n in_o spain_n the_o defender_n thereof_o throw_v certain_a iron_n over_o the_o wall_n so_o artificial_o order_v as_o they_o therewith_o draw_v up_o such_o of_o the_o enemy_n soldier_n as_o come_v near_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o top_n thereof_o and_o it_o be_v relate_v of_o that_o famous_a archimedes_n that_o he_o invent_v a_o engine_n which_o be_v use_v in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n syracuse_n by_o which_o a_o arm_a galley_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o force_n out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o draw_v up_o on_o the_o town-wall_n how_o can_v it_o be_v then_o say_v that_o such_o art_n of_o fabrick_v be_v unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n if_o they_o use_v such_o study_n and_o industry_n in_o defend_v and_o in_o oppugn_v fort_n nay_o many_o of_o their_o most_o cry_v up_o commander_n have_v be_v praise_v particular_o for_o this_o and_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v very_o excellent_a at_o all_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o militia_n be_v very_o good_a at_o this_o also_o 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though_o in_o great_a party_n to_o pillage_v the_o enemy_n country_n the_o business_n not_o be_v any_o thing_n alike_o the_o turk_n have_v the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o country_n situation_n of_o be_v load_v with_o prey_n of_o be_v in_o disorder_n as_o common_o befall_v those_o who_o go_v to_o plunder_v not_o to_o fight_v and_o of_o other_o accident_n but_o beside_o all_o this_o he_o who_o relate_v this_o business_n mention_n not_o any_o baseness_n in_o the_o turk_n but_o say_v that_o notwithstanding_o these_o disadvantage_n they_o defend_v themselves_o generous_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n but_o what_o do_v the_o same_o solyman_n who_o can_v be_v deny_v to_o have_v be_v very_o valiant_a and_o great_o experience_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n though_o he_o have_v all_o the_o advantage_n that_o have_v be_v mention_v he_o do_v not_o advance_v with_o his_o army_n as_o near_o as_o as_o he_o may_v have_v do_v nor_o do_v endeavour_n to_o enforce_v other_o nor_o to_o be_v 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defence_n of_o the_o city_n of_o vienna_n soâ—yman_n who_o have_v former_o little_a to_o his_o honour_n be_v drive_v from_o before_o the_o wall_n of_o that_o city_n profess_v to_o return_v thither_o with_o great_a force_n be_v firm_o resolve_v to_o reduce_v it_o to_o his_o power_n and_o to_o challenge_v the_o emperor_n to_o a_o pitch_a battle_n charles_n on_o the_o contrary_a have_v bring_v his_o force_n about_o that_o city_n have_v propound_v unto_o himself_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o and_o to_o frustrate_v this_o so_o great_a fury_n and_o boast_n of_o soliman_n now_o then_o whilst_o vienna_n be_v preserve_v and_o that_o she_o be_v keep_v free_a from_o all_o danger_n and_o that_o solyman_n be_v so_o curb_v and_o frighten_v by_o the_o imperialist_n force_n as_o that_o he_o dare_v not_o advance_v or_o make_v good_a his_o word_n which_o he_o have_v public_o profess_v do_v not_o the_o imperialist_n effect_v the_o business_n they_o have_v take_v in_o hand_n without_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n do_v they_o not_o preserve_v their_o own_o honour_n and_o do_v service_n to_o all_o christendom_n if_o this_o army_n as_o the_o success_n of_o bittel_n be_v more_o uncertain_a and_o dubious_a than_o any_o whatsoever_o other_o humane_a action_n have_v receive_v any_o notable_a defeat_n when_o will_v this_o wound_n have_v ever_o be_v cure_v the_o afflict_a body_n of_o christendom_n must_v have_v its_o wound_n long_o keep_v open_a and_o have_v still_o ulâ—â—cerated_v more_o and_o more_o how_o will_v caesar_n particular_a enemy_n have_v be_v encourage_v to_o fall_v upon_o his_o territory_n and_o to_o have_v endanger_v and_o molest_v his_o own_o particular_a affair_n whilst_o he_o shall_v have_v show_v courage_n enough_o but_o little_a good_a counsel_n in_o defend_v another_o man_n right_a which_o do_v not_o immediate_o concern_v himself_o have_v the_o turk_n in_o former_a time_n be_v make_v retreat_n to_o their_o own_o confine_n as_o now_o they_o be_v without_o have_v make_v any_o acquisition_n they_o have_v not_o be_v master_n of_o so_o many_o christian_a kingdom_n as_o now_o they_o be_v and_o have_v their_o force_n prove_v still_o vain_a their_o militia_n will_v have_v be_v embase_v and_o they_o will_v have_v be_v discourage_v from_o trouble_v other_o without_o any_o good_a to_o themselves_o which_o peradventure_o will_v have_v be_v the_o safe_a and_o secure_a way_n of_o weaken_v so_o great_a a_o power_n as_o that_o by_o temporize_v afford_v they_o thereby_o occasion_n of_o grow_v idle_a and_o of_o fall_v into_o domestic_a disorder_n so_o as_o they_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o have_v receive_v a_o blow_n and_o have_v be_v overcome_v both_o by_o cunning_a and_o force_n nor_o will_v it_o avail_v to_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a as_o if_o the_o future_a danger_n and_o trouble_n have_v be_v certain_o to_o have_v happen_v or_o that_o they_o may_v have_v be_v make_v great_a by_o a_o new_a commotion_n of_o war_n for_o it_o be_v more_o answerable_a to_o reason_n that_o 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