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the_o history_n of_o this_o author_n i_o leave_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o elegant_a translator_n of_o his_o work_n john_n dryden_n the_o preface_n of_o the_o translator_n my_o attempt_n to_o render_v this_o excellent_a author_n into_o english_a put_v i_o under_o a_o necessity_n of_o make_v my_o excuse_n to_o the_o world_n for_o ingage_a in_o so_o nice_a and_o difficult_a a_o work_n and_o i_o frank_o first_o confess_v that_o i_o have_v no_o warrant_n from_o my_o depth_n of_o learning_n whereof_o to_o make_v ostentation_n and_o wherein_o indeed_o he_o who_o most_o abound_v ever_o find_v least_o cause_n of_o boast_v this_o i_o own_o to_o prevent_v the_o critic_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n while_o they_o amuse_v and_o busy_v themselves_o about_o the_o interpretation_n of_o word_n show_v but_o little_a insight_n in_o the_o matter_n whereof_o their_o author_n treat_v which_o be_v the_o solid_a and_o useful_a part_n of_o knowledge_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o desire_n to_o be_v see_v in_o print_n it_o be_v never_o my_o purpose_n to_o appear_v in_o public_a for_o who_o of_o but_o tolerable_a sense_n will_v take_v pleasure_n to_o be_v find_v among_o a_o crowd_n of_o fool_n who_o in_o these_o our_o day_n so_o much_o pester_v the_o press_n my_o motive_n then_o in_o a_o word_n be_v principal_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o injunction_n of_o a_o great_a man_n and_o a_o friend_n who_o command_n to_o i_o while_o he_o live_v be_v sacred_a as_o his_o memory_n must_v be_v now_o he_o be_v remove_v from_o among_o we_o to_o this_o gentleman_n interpret_n now_o and_o then_o some_o select_a passage_n out_o of_o polybius_n to_o entertain_v his_o retirement_n he_o grow_v so_o far_o in_o love_n with_o our_o author_n and_o so_o charm_v with_o the_o force_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n that_o no_o excuse_v i_o can_v make_v of_o my_o insufficiency_n avail_v but_o i_o must_v render_v he_o into_o english_a this_o command_n i_o say_v which_o can_v not_o be_v decent_o excuse_v 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all_o expedition_n according_o he_o take_v with_o he_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n come_v forthwith_o to_o carthage_n where_o be_v choose_v their_o three_o general_n he_o and_o asdrubal_n fall_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n and_o conclude_v that_o above_o all_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o succour_n the_o province_n and_o not_o endure_v that_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v their_o incursion_n and_o such_o spoil_n upon_o the_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n m._n atilius_n regulus_n proceed_v and_o in_o a_o short_a space_n make_v a_o mighty_a progress_n all_o such_o town_n as_o he_o attack_v that_o have_v no_o wall_n he_o carry_v at_o the_o first_o assault_n and_o such_o as_o be_v fortify_v he_o besiege_a and_o come_v to_o adda_n which_o be_v a_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o the_o wall_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n know_v the_o usefulness_n of_o that_o 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need_n of_o the_o army_n resolute_o determine_v to_o abide_v the_o utmost_a extremity_n as_o to_o junius_n the_o consul_n he_o after_o this_o dreadful_a shipwreck_n speed_v away_o to_o the_o army_n full_a of_o anxity_n and_o meditate_v on_o nothing_o more_o than_o how_o by_o some_o new_a and_o remarkable_a service_n he_o may_v repair_v this_o cruel_a shock_n of_o fortune_n wherefore_o he_o undertake_v on_o a_o very_a slight_a motive_n to_o surprise_v erix_n which_o together_o with_o the_o town_n and_o temple_n of_o venus_n he_o get_v into_o his_o possession_n erix_n be_v a_o mountain_n stand_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n that_o look_v towards_o italy_n situate_a between_o depranum_n and_o palarmo_n the_o most_o difficult_a and_o inaccessible_a part_n thereof_o be_v on_o that_o side_n which_o regard_v drepanum_n this_o be_v the_o high_a mountain_n in_o the_o whole_a island_n mount_n aetna_n except_v on_o the_o top_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o plain_a where_o the_o temple_n of_o 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africa_n but_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n elsewhere_o to_o speak_v more_o particular_o thereof_o and_o the_o benefit_n accrue_v thereby_o to_o both_o those_o country_n when_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v acquire_v so_o great_a a_o reputation_n in_o that_o country_n as_o to_o become_v formidable_a to_o the_o spaniard_n they_o resolve_v to_o attempt_v something_o likewise_o on_o that_o side_n and_o conclude_v that_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a greatness_n be_v principal_o owe_v to_o their_o negligence_n who_o by_o a_o profound_a carelessness_n have_v as_o it_o be_v sleep_v away_o their_o jealousy_n they_o therefore_o determine_v to_o repair_v that_o error_n by_o their_o future_a care_n and_o vigilance_n they_o do_v not_o dare_v however_o for_o the_o present_a to_o exact_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o may_v appear_v hard_a and_o severe_a nor_o declare_v a_o war_n with_o they_o from_o the_o apprehension_n 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war_n we_o have_v think_v it_o not_o improper_a to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o gaul_n whereby_o to_o conduct_v the_o reader_n to_o a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o those_o matter_n which_o we_o purpose_v to_o deliver_v it_o will_v also_o beget_v a_o better_a connexion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o our_o history_n to_o show_v the_o time_n when_o that_o people_n first_o plant_v themselves_o in_o italy_n in_o short_a we_o have_v not_o only_o judge_v their_o action_n worthy_a recording_n and_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o posterity_n but_o have_v conclude_v it_o necessary_a to_o our_o purpose_n so_o to_o do_v for_o we_o shall_v learn_v by_o that_o mean_n what_o sort_n of_o people_n it_o be_v that_o serve_v under_o hannibal_n and_o with_o what_o kind_n of_o aid_n he_o sustain_v his_o great_a design_n of_o subvert_v the_o roman_a government_n but_o it_o seem_v fit_a first_o to_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o country_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o their_o town_n we_o may_v give_v a_o clear_a insight_n into_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o our_o history_n italy_n then_o be_v in_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n that_o part_n which_o regard_v the_o east_n be_v terminate_v by_o the_o ionian_a sea_n and_o adriatic_a gulf_n the_o western_a and_o southern_a part_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o tuscan_a and_o sicilian_a sea_n and_o where_o these_o two_o line_n meet_v be_v one_o part_n of_o the_o triangle_n here_o be_v a_o promontory_n look_v towards_o the_o south_n which_o be_v call_v cothinthus_n which_o separate_v the_o sicilian_a and_o ionian_a sea_n the_o part_n which_o regard_v the_o north_n and_o join_v it_o to_o the_o continent_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o alps_n which_o take_v their_o beginning_n about_o marseilles_n and_o the_o place_n border_v on_o the_o sardinian_a sea_n stretch_v and_o extend_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o adriatic_a gulf_n if_o they_o do_v not_o reach_v quite_o as_o far_o as_o adria_n beneath_o these_o mountain_n which_o line_n make_v the_o base_a of_o the_o triangle_n there_o be_v spacious_a and_o fertile_a plain_n range_v north_n and_o south_n which_o terminate_v the_o continent_n of_o italy_n these_o plain_n which_o have_v likewise_o a_o triangular_a form_n whereof_o the_o join_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o apennine_n hill_n near_o marseilles_n make_v one_o point_n exceed_v in_o fertility_n all_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n on_o the_o north_n they_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o alps_n extend_v above_o two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o mile_n in_o length_n but_o the_o bound_n thereof_o towards_o the_o south_n be_v make_v by_o the_o apennines_n contain_v in_o length_n about_o four_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o mile_n towards_o the_o sea_n where_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a make_v another_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n be_v compute_v from_o senagallia_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o gulf_n in_o length_n about_o three_o hundred_o mile_n so_o that_o this_o plain_a or_o champaign_n country_n contain_v in_o circuit_n little_o less_o than_o eleven_o hundred_o mile_n now_o touch_v the_o fertility_n of_o italy_n it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a to_o set_v it_o forth_o it_o abound_v so_o much_o in_o breadcorn_n that_o very_o often_o and_o even_o in_o our_o day_n the_o sicilian_a bushel_n of_o wheat_n have_v be_v sell_v for_o four_o oboli_fw-la and_o barley_n at_o two_o and_o a_o metreta_n of_o wine_n at_o the_o same_o price_n they_o have_v plenty_n likewise_o of_o millet_n and_o all_o other_o grain_n beyond_o expression_n it_o may_v be_v judge_v also_o that_o they_o abound_v in_o oak-mast_n insomuch_o as_o the_o italian_n breed_v infinite_a number_n of_o swine_n which_o be_v spend_v in_o their_o sacrifice_n and_o common_a uses_n and_o carry_v in_o herd_n with_o their_o army_n in_o a_o word_n it_o will_v be_v see_v by_o what_o follow_v how_o plentiful_o this_o country_n be_v store_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o human_a life_n those_o who_o travel_n in_o these_o part_n never_o cheapen_v any_o thing_n in_o their_o inn_n but_o demand_v only_o how_o much_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v by_o the_o head_n where_o you_o shall_v be_v very_o well_o treat_v for_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o obolus_fw-la and_o it_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o that_o they_o demand_v more_o their_o people_n be_v numerous_a their_o man_n proper_a and_o well-propotioned_a and_o by_o their_o action_n they_o make_v appear_v that_o they_o be_v no_o less_o qualify_v for_o war._n the_o gaul_n who_o be_v call_v trans-alpine_a inhabit_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o alps_n about_o the_o river_n rhone_n the_o taurick_n the_o agonians_n and_o many_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n live_v on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o plain_n we_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o those_o gaul_n differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o other_o but_o because_o they_o inhabit_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o alps_n the_o italian_n have_v give_v they_o that_o appellation_n the_o very_a 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to_o the_o order_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o that_o they_o have_v take_v the_o customary_a oath_n the_o consul_n march_v forthwith_o in_o quest_n of_o scipio_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o arrive_v he_o encamp_v by_o he_o take_v care_n to_o refresh_v his_o soldier_n who_o have_v have_v a_o tedious_a voyage_n of_o forty_o day_n betwixt_o lilybaeum_n and_o rimini_n in_o the_o mean_a space_n preparation_n be_v make_v to_o fight_v the_o enemy_n during_o which_o time_n tiberius_n never_o depart_v from_o scipio_n inform_v himself_o of_o every_o thing_n that_o have_v pass_v and_o deliberate_v with_o he_o about_o what_o be_v best_o far_a to_o be_v do_v about_o the_o same_o time_n hannibal_n become_v possess_v of_o clastidium_n which_o he_o get_v by_o intelligence_n the_o town_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o by_o one_o publius_n a_o brundusian_a who_o have_v receive_v the_o government_n from_o the_o roman_n here_o hannibal_n find_v store_n of_o corn_n which_o he_o now_o stand_v in_o great_a need_n of_o the_o prisoner_n he_o take_v with_o he_o who_o he_o treat_v with_o lenity_n enough_o endeavour_v to_o make_v show_n by_o that_o action_n of_o the_o gentle_a usage_n those_o may_v hope_v from_o he_o who_o though_o they_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o roman_n shall_v so_o deliver_v themselves_o up_o to_o his_o discretion_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v with_o less_o apprehension_n resign_v themselves_o to_o his_o clemency_n he_o treat_v likewise_o the_o treacherous_a governor_n with_o great_a respect_n and_o reward_v he_o magnificent_o the_o better_a to_o work_v upon_o other_o to_o do_v the_o like_a who_o have_v any_o charge_n under_o the_o roman_n and_o now_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o certain_a gaul_n his_o confederate_n inhabit_v between_o the_o po_n and_o the_o trebia_n hold_v secret_a commerce_n with_o the_o roman_n who_o it_o seem_v conceive_v that_o by_o covert_o favour_v both_o party_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o insure_v their_o safety_n either_o way_n against_o those_o he_o send_v a_o detachment_n of_o about_o two_o thousand_o foot_n and_o a_o thousand_o numidian_a and_o gaulish_n horse_n who_o punctual_o perform_v their_o order_n ravage_v the_o country_n and_o take_v much_o booty_n whereupon_o the_o gaul_n so_o treat_v apply_v to_o the_o roman_n to_o succour_v and_o secure_v they_o sempronius_n who_o have_v long_o thirst_v after_o a_o occasion_n to_o come_v to_o action_n have_v now_o find_v it_o forthwith_o order_v the_o major_a part_n of_o his_o horse_n and_o about_o a_o thousand_o darter_n to_o march_v who_o fall_v on_o the_o numidian_n and_o gaul_n that_o be_v still_o pillage_n the_o country_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o trebia_n take_v they_o by_o surprise_n and_o without_o any_o order_n and_o while_o they_o be_v in_o contest_v among_o themselves_o about_o share_v their_o plunder_n and_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o they_o beat_z and_o pursue_v they_o to_o their_o camp_n but_o they_o be_v no_o soon_o discover_v from_o the_o rampart_n when_o the_o carthaginian_n take_v the_o alarm_n sally_v to_o their_o relief_n and_o make_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o turn_n to_o show_v their_o back_n and_o hasten_v to_o their_o camp_n which_o be_v observe_v by_o sempronius_n he_o command_v out_o all_o the_o cavalry_n and_o darter_n he_o have_v who_o oblige_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o return_v as_o hasty_o as_o they_o come_v and_o cover_v themselves_o in_o their_o retrenchment_n hannibal_n who_o be_v not_o yet_o ready_a to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o believe_v that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o hazard_v all_o at_o one_o hasty_a cast_n and_o without_o mature_a deliberation_n behave_v himself_o in_o this_o rencounter_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o all_o the_o world_n must_v own_v become_v a_o great_a general_n for_o content_v himself_o bare_o to_o make_v those_o who_o have_v sle_z into_o the_o camp_n to_o face_v about_o and_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n he_o then_o sound_v a_o retreat_n not_o permit_v they_o to_o pursue_v the_o roman_n or_o long_o to_o engage_v the_o roman_n stand_v their_o ground_n for_o a_o space_n and_o after_o they_o have_v sustain_v some_o loss_n themselves_o but_o do_v great_a execution_n on_o the_o enemy_n they_o retire_v sempronius_n be_v inflame_v by_o this_o success_n his_o passion_n grow_v yet_o great_a to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o decide_v at_o once_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o war._n and_o albeit_o he_o be_v determine_v to_o attempt_v his_o utmost_a by_o his_o single_a authority_n during_o scipio_n indisposition_n yet_o because_o it_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a pleasure_n to_o he_o to_o have_v his_o colleague_n concurrence_n he_o impart_v his_o design_n to_o he_o but_o find_v he_o not_o of_o his_o opinion_n scipio_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o new_a untrained_a soldier_n will_v be_v better_o in_o the_o spring_n if_o care_n be_v take_v to_o exercise_v they_o during_o the_o winter_n and_o accustom_v they_o to_o military_a duty_n and_o if_o the_o carthaginian_n attempt_v nothing_o further_o and_o be_v drive_v to_o be_v quiet_a for_o a_o while_n the_o gaul_n who_o be_v natural_o a_o inconstant_a people_n it_o be_v likely_a will_v once_o again_o desert_v they_o furthermore_o he_o tell_v he_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o strength_n will_v enable_v he_o he_o have_v something_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n which_o will_v much_o redound_v to_o the_o service_n of_o his_o country_n with_o these_o and_o suchlike_a reason_n it_o be_v that_o publius_n seek_v to_o prevail_v on_o sempronius_n not_o to_o engage_v in_o any_o hazardous_a enterprise_n and_o sempronius_n himself_o can_v not_o but_o see_v that_o the_o counsel_n be_v wholesome_a which_o scipio_n propound_v but_o blind_v with_o ambition_n and_o a_o good_a opinion_n of_o his_o own_o sufficiency_n he_o resolve_v to_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o some_o action_n before_o his_o colleague_n can_v be_v able_a to_o appear_v in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o new_a election_n of_o consul_n shall_v be_v make_v which_o now_o draw_v near_o forasmuch_o then_o as_o since_o he_o find_v he_o can_v not_o accommodate_v the_o occasion_n to_o his_o purpose_n and_o be_v yet_o resolve_v to_o bend_v it_o to_o his_o will_n he_o soon_o make_v it_o visible_a that_o nothing_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v prudent_o do_v under_o his_o direction_n and_o that_o thing_n will_v run_v a_o mighty_a hazard_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n hannibal_n think_v as_o scipio_n do_v touch_v the_o present_a posture_n of_o affair_n and_o therefore_o seek_v all_o occasion_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n for_o as_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o forwardness_n the_o gaul_n manifest_v while_o there_o mind_n be_v yet_o unshaken_a so_o he_o well_o know_v that_o the_o soon_o he_o fight_v the_o raw_a his_o enemy_n will_v be_v with_o who_o he_o be_v to_o engage_v the_o army_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compose_v of_o young_a new-raised_a men._n furthermore_n scipio_n he_o know_v continue_v 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army_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o encamp_v they_o may_v have_v every_o thing_n at_o hand_n of_o which_o they_o can_v stand_v in_o need_n for_o in_o their_o other_o march_n he_o take_v little_a or_o no_o care_n for_o the_o transport_v of_o provision_n along_o with_o he_o take_v for_o grant_v that_o if_o they_o be_v vanquish_v they_o shall_v need_v none_o and_o that_o if_o they_o overcome_v and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o country_n wherever_o they_o come_v all_o thing_n will_v be_v provide_v for_o they_o the_o gaul_n march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o african_n and_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o hannibal_n order_v mago_n to_o have_v a_o vigilant_a be_v to_o keep_v the_o soldier_n from_o straggle_a and_o to_o march_v the_o army_n in_o their_o order_n apprehensive_a lest_o the_o gaul_n especial_o who_o sloth_n and_o impatience_n of_o labour_n he_o very_o well_o know_v shall_v through_o the_o travail_n of_o so_o hard_a a_o march_n be_v tempt_v to_o return_v back_o by_o the_o way_n they_o come_v wherefore_o he_o horse_n be_v so_o post_v that_o they_o may_v compel_v those_o to_o march_v who_o otherwise_o may_v be_v dispose_v to_o desert_n the_o service_n the_o spaniard_n and_o african_n then_o advaneed_a into_o the_o fen_n where_o none_o before_o have_v ever_o adventure_v to_o go_v and_o bear_v their_o part_n with_o cheerfulness_n they_o be_v a_o robu_v people_n and_o harden_v to_o the_o like_a toilsome_a exercise_n but_o it_o fare_v not_o so_o with_o the_o gaul_n who_o march_v not_o but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n for_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v potch_v and_o break_v by_o those_o who_o march_v in_o the_o van_n they_o often_o sell_v and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v their_o leg_n it_o be_v very_o difficult_a fort_n they_o to_o support_v that_o kind_n of_o travel_n to_o which_o they_o bid_v never_o be_v accustom_a nor_o have_v they_o any_o hope_n of_o remedy_n by_o return_v back_o the_o 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persuasion_n he_o be_v total_o to_o seek_v in_o military_a matter_n and_o that_o furthermore_o he_o be_v proud_a and_o grow_v confident_a of_o his_o number_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o army_n he_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o if_o he_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n march_v by_o he_o and_o get_v into_o the_o country_n beyond_o he_o that_o this_o consul_n not_o able_a to_o suffer_v the_o clamour_n and_o reproach_n of_o the_o countrypeople_n will_v be_v draw_v to_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o hinder_v he_o from_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n and_o that_o in_o short_a he_o will_v be_v draw_v into_o great_a assurance_n and_o negligence_n and_o endeavour_v to_o attack_v the_o carthaginian_n at_o any_o rate_n and_o follow_v they_o whithersoever_o they_o shall_v lead_v he_o and_o that_o impatient_a to_o
arm_n against_o the_o messenian_n who_o have_v long_o give_v occasion_n enough_o by_o their_o enter_v into_o security_n to_o the_o macedonian_n and_o achaian_n to_o take_v part_n with_o they_o in_o all_o their_o erterprise_n thus_o he_o prevail_v with_o scopas_n and_o his_o friend_n and_o wrought_v so_o far_o upon_o they_o that_o without_o attend_v the_o resolution_n of_o a_o general_a convention_n of_o the_o aetolian_n or_o so_o much_o as_o impart_v their_o purpose_n to_o the_o magistrate_n in_o be_v or_o make_v any_o one_o step_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n they_o do_v at_o once_o and_o of_o their_o own_o head_n in_o effect_n declare_v war_n against_o the_o messenian_n epirot_n achaian_n acarnanians_n and_o macedonian_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o send_v out_o their_o fleet_n of_o pilserer_n to_o infest_v the_o adjacent_a sea_n who_o meet_v with_o a_o ship_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n off_o of_o cythera_n make_v prize_n of_o she_o and_o carry_v she_o into_o port_n 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the_o aetolian_n out_o of_o pellene_n and_o his_o get_a possession_n of_o acro_fw-la corinth_n by_o intelligence_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o the_o field_n he_o be_v quite_o another_o man_n for_o as_o he_o be_v too_o slow_a in_o his_o resolution_n so_o be_v he_o too_o backward_o in_o danger_n and_o want_v assurance_n to_o look_v on_o any_o attempt_n that_o bear_v the_o least_o appearance_n of_o terror_n which_o be_v defect_n that_o give_v occasion_n of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n who_o spoil_v and_o pillage_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o come_v once_o to_o know_v his_o unguarded_a part_n they_o never_o fail_v of_o succeed_v when_o they_o attack_v he_o there_o so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o nature_n have_v not_o only_o diversify_v man_n in_o their_o body_n and_o mind_n but_o triumph_n in_o dissimilitude_n of_o mind_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n who_o
in_o some_o reputation_n for_o virtue_n among_o the_o greek_n not_o only_o for_o their_o laudable_a manner_n and_o the_o humanity_n wherewith_o stranger_n and_o all_o people_n be_v receive_v among_o they_o but_o chief_o for_o their_o devotion_n to_o the_o god_n it_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v amiss_o that_o we_o give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o brutality_n of_o the_o cynaethians_n and_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o be_v of_o arcadian_a extraction_n they_o shall_v have_v so_o degenerate_v as_o to_o surpass_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o crime_n and_o barbarity_n the_o whole_a greek_a nation_n beside_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o conclude_v that_o this_o their_o depravity_n spring_v from_o their_o be_v the_o first_o and_o almost_o only_a people_n among_o the_o arcadian_n that_o apostatise_v and_o renounce_v the_o wholesome_a and_o wise_a institution_n of_o their_o forefather_n and_o the_o common_a and_o natural_a tie_n of_o humanity_n so_o strict_o observe_v by_o 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the_o study_n of_o music_n to_o their_o young_a man_n till_o they_o arrive_v at_o the_o age_n of_o thirty_o year_n and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o people_n beside_o the_o arcadian_n who_o in_o their_o private_a family_n accustom_v their_o child_n from_o their_o tender_a age_n and_o which_o be_v grow_v into_o a_o law_n to_o sing_v hymn_n to_o their_o hero_n and_o their_o god_n every_o one_o according_a to_o the_o style_n and_o mode_n of_o his_o country_n then_o after_o their_o child_n have_v be_v instruct_v in_o the_o music_n of_o philoxenus_n and_o timotheus_n they_o be_v bring_v yearly_o to_o the_o theatre_n where_o they_o celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o bacchus_n with_o song_n and_o dance_n as_o likewise_o the_o game_n call_v the_o game_n of_o childhood_n as_o their_o young_a man_n perform_v those_o call_v the_o game_n of_o youth_n so_o that_o all_o their_o lifelong_a they_o divert_v not_o themselves_o so_o much_o in_o their_o entertainment_n and_o conversation_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o wit_n as_o their_o voice_n sing_v one_o to_o another_o by_o turn_n and_o in_o case_n any_o one_o shall_v profess_v himself_o ignorant_a of_o other_o art_n and_o science_n he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o reproach_n but_o none_o may_v presume_v to_o want_v knowledge_n in_o music_n because_o the_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n make_v it_o necessary_a nor_o dare_v they_o own_o their_o insufficiency_n therein_o it_o be_v hold_v infamous_a among_o that_o people_n they_o be_v likewise_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a instruct_v in_o martial_a dance_n and_o to_o fight_n and_o exercise_v their_o arm_n according_a to_o the_o cadence_n of_o music_n and_o be_v see_v every_o year_n on_o the_o public_a theatre_n to_o show_v the_o people_n their_o improvement_n in_o that_o exercise_n in_o short_a we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o their_o ancestor_n do_v not_o establish_v this_o custom_n among_o they_o so_o much_o for_o luxury_n and_o delight_n as_o from_o a_o wise_a consideration_n of_o the_o life_n they_o lead_v and_o the_o climate_n they_o inhabit_v be_v a_o people_n addict_v to_o labour_n and_o in_o a_o word_n lead_v a_o toilsome_a and_o industrious_a life_n which_o seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o inclemency_n of_o the_o air_n for_o the_o most_o part_n cold_a and_o melancholy_n for_o it_o be_v a_o establish_a law_n in_o nature_n that_o we_o shall_v partake_v of_o the_o soil_n that_o breed_v we_o nor_o can_v there_o be_v a_o better_a reason_n render_v for_o the_o unlikeness_n of_o nation_n as_o the_o difrence_n of_o the_o air_n they_o breathe_v and_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n they_o inhabit_v and_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o distance_n of_o climate_n beget_v that_o dissimilitude_n among_o we_o both_o in_o manner_n make_v humour_n and_o complexion_n these_o gladsome_a remedy_n than_o we_o have_v relate_v be_v wise_o institute_v to_o cure_v and_o calm_v by_o art_n the_o rigour_n and_o defect_n of_o nature_n furthermore_o they_o have_v a_o custom_n of_o mix_v man_n and_o woman_n indifferent_o in_o their_o sacrifice_n and_o public_a assembly_n wherein_o they_o frequent_o meet_v they_o likewise_o institute_v quire_n where_o the_o youth_n of_o both_o sex_n converse_v and_o sing_v and_o dance_v together_o and_o in_o a_o word_n they_o leave_v nothing_o unattempted_a that_o may_v prevail_v to_o soften_v and_o sweeten_v those_o austerity_n of_o nature_n to_o which_o the_o climate_n have_v condemn_v they_o and_o the_o cynaethians_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o situation_n have_v of_o all_o other_o the_o great_a reason_n to_o preserve_v these_o custom_n among_o they_o they_o be_v the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o all_o arcadia_n no_o soon_o fall_v to_o neglect_v these_o wholesome_a institution_n when_o they_o fall_v into_o dissension_n and_o civil_a discord_n and_o grow_v at_o length_n into_o such_o depravity_n of_o manner_n that_o their_o crime_n in_o number_n and_o measure_n surpass_v all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o greek_n beside_o great_a and_o manifest_a testimony_n be_v give_v of_o the_o corruption_n of_o this_o people_n manner_n from_o the_o aversion_n the_o arcadian_n in_o general_n have_v conceive_v against_o they_o who_o when_o they_o dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n after_o their_o defeat_n they_o hardly_o come_v into_o any_o town_n of_o arcadia_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v not_o warn_v they_o out_o again_o by_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n and_o the_o voice_n of_o their_o public_a crier_n and_o the_o people_n of_o mantinaea_n proceed_v yet_o far_o for_o they_o have_v no_o soon_o cause_v the_o cynaethian_a ambassador_n to_o depart_v when_o they_o cleanse_v themselves_o as_o from_o infection_n and_o slay_v victim_n about_o their_o town_n and_o country_n and_o offer_v sacrifice_n of_o purgation_n we_o have_v take_v occasion_n to_o enlarge_v on_o this_o subject_a to_o justify_v the_o arcadian_a custom_n and_o manner_n and_o to_o the_o end_n lest_o the_o arcadian_n themselves_z by_o a_o wrong_a judgement_n and_o belief_n that_o music_n become_v thus_o familiar_a among_o they_o bare_o for_o luxury_n and_o the_o entertainment_n of_o idle_a mind_n shall_v at_o length_n fall_v into_o contempt_n of_o that_o part_n of_o their_o own_o law_n and_o institution_n nor_o be_v the_o cynaethians_n themselves_o without_o a_o share_n of_o our_o commiseration_n in_o this_o digression_n who_o if_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o heaven_n they_o shall_v one_o day_n see_v a_o end_n of_o their_o affliction_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o return_v to_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o their_o country_n and_o embrace_v and_o principal_o cultivate_v this_o science_n among_o they_o whereby_o to_o soften_v and_o bend_v their_o mind_n with_o those_o charm_n which_o have_v power_n to_o tame_v wild_a beast_n themselves_o than_o which_o no_o way_n seem_v more_o likely_a to_o polish_v they_o from_o the_o rust_n of_o barbarity_n but_o have_v speak_v enough_o of_o cynaetha_n it_o be_v time_n now_o to_o return_v to_o our_o business_n the_o aetolian_n have_v act_v these_o violence_n in_o peloponnesus_n as_o have_v be_v relate_v return_v home_o without_o impediment_n in_o the_o interim_n philip_n arrive_v at_o corinth_n to_o succour_v the_o achaian_n but_o come_v too_o late_a the_o occasion_n be_v lose_v he_o therefore_o send_v his_o dispatch_n to_o the_o several_a confederate_n pray_v they_o speedy_o to_o send_v their_o respective_a deputy_n to_o he_o there_o that_o they_o may_v deliberate_v together_o about_o their_o general_a affair_n while_o he_o himself_o lead_v his_o troop_n towards_o tegaea_n on_o a_o rumour_n that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v fall_v into_o civil_a broil_n the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o have_v be_v use_v to_o kingly_a government_n and_o be_v but_o new_o by_o the_o power_n of_o antigonus_n set_v at_o liberty_n fall_v into_o faction_n and_o sedition_n grow_v among_o they_o they_o be_v labour_v to_o establish_v
sparta_n for_o the_o election_n of_o their_o king_n but_o the_o news_n of_o his_o death_n be_v no_o soon_o publish_v when_o both_o the_o people_n and_o ephori_fw-la proceed_v to_o deliberate_v thereupon_o the_o ephori_fw-la who_o be_v of_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o seditious_a and_o have_v make_v alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n choose_v for_o one_o of_o their_o king_n agesipolis_n who_o father_n be_v cleombrotus_n who_o succeed_v leonidas_n he_o be_v the_o near_a in_o blood_n they_o appoint_v for_o his_o governor_n cleomenes_n the_o son_n of_o cleombrotus_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o first_o agesipolis_n as_o to_o the_o other_o king_n although_o archidamus_n leave_v two_o child_n beget_v of_o the_o daughter_n of_o hippomedon_n and_o there_o be_v other_o of_o the_o same_o lineage_n but_o more_o remote_a though_o they_o be_v of_o the_o family_n yet_o these_o be_v reject_v and_o the_o royalty_n confer_v on_o lycurgus_n who_o descend_v not_o from_o any_o one_o ancestor_n that_o have_v wear_v the_o crown_n but_o at_o the_o price_n of_o a_o talon_n he_o bestow_v on_o each_o of_o the_o ephori_fw-la he_o buy_v his_o adoption_n to_o hercules_n and_o his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sparta_n so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o all_o villainy_n be_v everywhere_o buy_v at_o a_o price_n and_o it_o will_v be_v see_v that_o the_o author_n of_o these_o violation_n be_v not_o punish_v in_o their_o child_n or_o child_n child_n but_o they_o themselves_o live_v to_o share_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o folly_n machatas_n receive_v notice_n of_o these_o proceed_n return_v speedy_o to_o sparta_n where_o he_o labour_v his_o utmost_a with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o ephori_fw-la to_o dispose_v they_o to_o declare_v war_n with_o the_o achaian_n there_o be_v no_o other_o mean_n leave_v whereby_o to_o vanquish_v the_o difficulty_n they_o be_v now_o under_o with_o those_o who_o oppose_v the_o alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v likewise_o a_o party_n in_o aetolia_n itself_o but_o 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prospect_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o king_n philip_n on_o who_o they_o most_o rely_v be_v yet_o but_o form_v his_o army_n theâ—_n epirot_n be_v slow_a in_o their_o preparation_n and_o the_o messenian_n continue_v neuter_n while_o the_o aetolian_n assist_v by_o the_o elean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n attack_v they_o on_o every_o side_n at_o the_o same_o time_n aratus_n praetorship_n expire_v and_o aratus_n his_o son_n be_v by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o achaian_n choose_v praetor_n in_o his_o place_n scopas_n likewise_o be_v praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n who_o time_n be_v now_o half_o expire_v the_o aetolian_n election_n of_o magistrate_n be_v in_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n the_o achaian_n march_n aratus_n the_o young_a than_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n early_o in_o that_o summer_n which_o be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o begin_n of_o so_o many_o war_n for_o hannibal_n be_v then_o meditate_v the_o siege_n of_o saguntum_n the_o roman_n dispatch_v l._n aemilius_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n into_o illyria_n against_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a whereof_o we_o have_v make_v mention_n in_o our_o precede_a book_n antiochus_n enter_v on_o the_o war_n which_o be_v wage_v for_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o theodorus_n have_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o tyre_n and_o ptolemais_n lycurgus_n king_n of_o sparta_n arrogate_a the_o same_o authority_n as_o heretofore_o cleomenes_n do_v lay_v siege_n to_o athenaeum_n belong_v to_o the_o megalopolitan_o the_o achaian_n make_v levy_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o sustain_v the_o war_n that_o so_o much_o threaten_v they_o philip_n march_v out_o of_o macedon_n with_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o heavy-armed_a troop_n five_o thousand_o targeteer_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n these_o be_v the_o hostile_a preparation_n that_o be_v then_o everywhere_o make_v beside_o that_o the_o rhodian_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o byzantine_n the_o quarrel_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o reason_n 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first_o sacrifice_v here_o to_o the_o twelve_o god_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v two_o cause_n to_o which_o be_v attribute_v the_o perpetual_a current_n one_o way_n that_o be_v observe_v to_o run_v in_o these_o two_o strait_n the_o one_o plain_a and_o intelligible_a to_o every_o one_o for_o while_o their_o water_n be_v incessant_o replenish_v by_o the_o income_n of_o so_o many_o great_a river_n there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n but_o by_o these_o strait_n to_o discharge_v they_o for_o be_v bound_v and_o confine_v everywhere_o by_o the_o coast_n the_o surplus_n of_o water_n necessary_o and_o natural_o flow_v out_o by_o these_o passage_n the_o other_o cause_n be_v this_o namely_o that_o the_o river_n swell_v with_o the_o great_a rain_n their_o stream_n become_v thereby_o so_o rapid_a that_o mighty_a quantity_n of_o sand_n and_o soil_n be_v by_o the_o torrent_n convey_v down_o which_o lodging_n at_o the_o bottom_n occasion_n the_o water_n to_o swell_v so_o much_o the_o high_o and_o 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the_o effect_v we_o prognosticate_v will_v be_v soon_o see_v and_o be_v indeed_o now_o visible_a for_o the_o palus-maeotis_n be_v almost_o already_o fill_v up_o where_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v not_o now_o above_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o foot_n depth_n of_o water_n insomuch_o as_o there_o be_v no_o more_o adventure_v to_o navigate_v with_o ship_n of_o burden_n without_o a_o pilot_n who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o difficulty_n furthermore_o whereas_o this_o sea_n as_o our_o forefather_n have_v observe_v be_v heretofore_o replenish_v with_o salt_n water_n as_o the_o pontus_n at_o this_o day_n be_v it_o be_v observable_a that_o it_o be_v now_o a_o freshwater_n lake_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n be_v surmount_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o so_o much_o matter_n as_o be_v accumulate_v and_o bring_v thither_o by_o the_o mean_v we_o mention_v the_o like_a must_v in_o time_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o pontus_n and_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n already_o come_v to_o pass_v but_o this_o can_v be_v yet_o so_o easy_o remark_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o very_a great_a depth_n of_o water_n in_o the_o channel_n howbeit_o those_o who_o careful_o examine_v the_o matter_n may_v be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o truth_n thereof_o hence_o the_o danube_n discharge_v his_o water_n out_o of_o europe_n by_o several_a outlet_n have_v beget_v a_o list_n or_o bank_n of_o earth_n at_o least_o forty_o league_n long_o swell_v above_o the_o surface_n distant_a a_o day_n be_v sail_n from_o the_o shore_n which_o bank_n be_v observe_v to_o increase_v daily_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o new_a matter_n constant_o bring_v thither_o insomuch_o as_o whensoever_o vessel_n happen_v to_o light_v upon_o any_o of_o these_o place_n which_o seafaring_a man_n call_v shelf_n or_o bank_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n break_v and_o suffer_v shipwreck_n take_v then_o my_o opinion_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o these_o mound_n or_o bank_n of_o earth_n grow_v at_o that_o distance_n from_o the_o continent_n and_o not_o near_o to_o the_o shore_n the_o soil_n and_o rubbish_n then_o which_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o torrent_n be_v convey_v down_o be_v by_o the_o prevalence_n of_o the_o current_n transport_v still_o forward_o into_o the_o sea_n as_o long_o as_o there_o remain_v any_o strength_n in_o the_o stream_n that_o keep_v it_o in_o motion_n but_o as_o that_o decline_v which_o happen_v by_o the_o depth_n and_o spread_v of_o the_o water_n which_o at_o length_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o wide_a sea_n the_o matter_n which_o be_v before_o by_o the_o torrent_n press_v on_o sink_v and_o settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o great_a or_o less_o rapidity_n of_o the_o river_n these_o bank_n or_o bar_n be_v at_o a_o great_a or_o less_o distance_n from_o the_o shore_n though_o the_o depth_n be_v great_a between_o that_o and_o the_o continent_n this_o be_v see_v plain_o in_o the_o gentle_a and_o small_a stream_n who_o bar_n be_v near_o than_o shoar_n which_o yet_o in_o great_a flood_n their_o current_n be_v quicken_v transport_v and_o remove_v this_o bar_n at_o a_o further_a distance_n than_o ordinary_a into_o the_o sea_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o flood_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o soil_v it_o bring_v down_o hence_o it_o will_v not_o appear_v strange_a that_o such_o a_o mass_n of_o matter_n as_o we_o have_v note_v shall_v grow_v to_o so_o great_a a_o dimension_n as_o that_o which_o be_v find_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o danube_n nor_o that_o such_o quantity_n of_o sand_n only_o but_o that_o rock_n and_o tree_n shall_v be_v unroot_v and_o rend_v from_o their_o seat_n it_o will_v not_o then_o be_v hard_a i_o say_v to_o credit_v what_o we_o have_v deliver_v but_o obstinacy_n rather_o to_o disbelieve_v it_o since_o we_o behold_v the_o small_a brook_n to_o
sea_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o byzantine_n be_v in_o perpetual_a hostility_n with_o that_o people_n and_o by_o how_o much_o these_o barbarian_n be_v a_o very_a numerous_a nation_n and_o govern_v by_o many_o prince_n by_o so_o much_o be_v the_o task_n more_o difficult_a to_o reduce_v they_o nor_o have_v the_o byzantine_n any_o prospect_n of_o be_v able_a with_o all_o the_o provision_n they_o can_v make_v ever_o to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o the_o molestation_n of_o that_o war._n for_o when_o at_o any_o time_n they_o chance_v to_o obtain_v any_o signal_n victory_n over_o any_o one_o of_o these_o prince_n they_o be_v sure_a to_o have_v three_o or_o four_o combine_v with_o much_o great_a power_n to_o revenge_n and_o engage_v in_o the_o quarrel_n and_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v dispose_v for_o peace_n sake_n to_o yield_v to_o pay_v the_o least_o acknowledgement_n to_o any_o one_o of_o these_o their_o neighbour_n they_o be_v to_o expect_v by_o gain_v one_o friend_n to_o purchase_v five_o enemy_n whence_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o this_o warfare_n there_o can_v be_v no_o end_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o irksome_a than_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o so_o brutal_a a_o race_n of_o man_n or_o more_o terrible_a than_o hostility_n with_o a_o barbarous_a enemy_n furthermore_o over_o and_o above_o all_o these_o evil_n to_o which_o they_o stand_v expose_v to_o the_o landward_o they_o be_v condemn_v to_o one_o kind_n of_o suffer_v not_o unlike_a that_o to_o which_o the_o poet_n have_v sentence_v tantalus_n for_o possess_v a_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a territory_n which_o they_o take_v care_n to_o cultivate_v their_o harvest_n be_v no_o soon_o ripe_a when_o these_o thief_n visit_v they_o and_o rob_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o labour_n which_o misfortune_n they_o lament_v in_o vain_a thus_o than_o the_o byzantine_n become_v familiar_a with_o the_o calamity_n they_o suffer_v and_o by_o the_o force_n of_o custom_n endure_v the_o hardship_n of_o incessant_a hostility_n persist_v to_o preserve_v their_o ancient_a alliance_n with_o the_o greek_n inviolate_a but_o after_o the_o gaul_n to_o fill_v the_o measure_n of_o their_o adversity_n come_v to_o be_v their_o neighbour_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o comontorius_fw-la their_o condition_n become_v then_o most_o deplorable_a these_o gaul_n be_v a_o part_n of_o those_o who_o swarm_v out_o of_o their_o country_n with_o brennus_n who_o after_o the_o execution_n do_v on_o they_o at_o delphos_n do_v not_o present_o pass_v into_o asia_n on_o their_o arrival_n at_o the_o hellespont_n but_o invite_v by_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n about_o byzantium_n resolve_v there_o to_o six_o their_z abide_v afterward_o subdue_a the_o thracian_n they_o establish_v a_o regal_a seat_n in_o tula_n and_o grow_v quick_o to_o be_v formidable_a to_o the_o byzantine_n who_o they_o drive_v to_o great_a strait_n be_v oblige_v on_o comontorius_fw-la his_fw-la invade_v and_o spoil_v their_o frontier_n to_o buy_v off_o that_o burden_n by_o a_o annual_a present_n sometime_o of_o three_o thousand_o aurei_fw-la sometime_o of_o five_o thousand_o and_o some_o year_n it_o amount_v to_o no_o less_o than_o ten_o thousand_o whereby_o to_o redeem_v their_o country_n from_o the_o rapine_n of_o these_o barbarian_n till_o at_o length_n they_o become_v drive_v to_o be_v plain_a tributary_n to_o the_o yearly_a sum_n of_o fourscore_o talent_n which_o last_v to_o the_o reign_n of_o clyarus_fw-la in_o who_o the_o gallic_n dominion_n expire_v the_o whole_a nation_n be_v utter_o exterminate_v by_o the_o thracian_n it_o be_v at_o this_o time_n that_o the_o byzantine_n sink_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o adversity_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o solicit_v succour_n from_o the_o greek_n and_o seek_v relief_n from_o the_o many_o hardship_n they_o endure_v and_o in_o a_o word_n press_v by_o their_o want_n they_o come_v at_o length_n to_o a_o resolution_n of_o exact_v a_o toll_n from_o all_o who_o navigate_v into_o the_o pontic_a sea_n for_o but_o few_o of_o the_o greek_n it_o seem_v lay_v their_o suffering_n to_o heart_n but_o they_o no_o soon_o begin_v to_o levy_v this_o duty_n when_o the_o innovation_n be_v resent_v on_o all_o hand_n and_o the_o rhodian_o above_o the_o rest_n be_v censure_v who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n master_n of_o the_o sea_n submit_v to_o so_o undue_a a_o imposition_n and_o this_o in_o a_o word_n produce_v the_o war_n which_o we_o be_v about_o to_o relate_v the_o rhodian_o then_o provoke_v as_o well_o by_o their_o own_o ceiling_n of_o this_o new_a tax_n as_o through_o the_o instigation_n of_o other_o dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n joint_o with_o those_o of_o their_o ally_n to_o the_o byzantine_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o abolish_v it_o but_o the_o byzantine_n can_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o accord_v to_o the_o proposition_n in_o confidence_n of_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o motive_n they_o have_v for_o what_o they_o do_v and_o they_o be_v the_o more_o confirm_v in_o their_o refusal_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o hecatoâ—dorus_n and_o olympiodorus_n who_o be_v at_o thaâ—_n time_n first_o in_o the_o magistracy_n of_o the_o city_n oppose_v it_o with_o all_o their_o power_n whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n return_v home_o with_o a_o negative_a reply_n from_o the_o byzantine_n and_o the_o rhodianâ—_n thereupon_o declare_v war_n against_o they_o and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o same_o time_n send_v to_o solicit_v king_n prusias_n to_o join_v and_o take_v part_n with_o they_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o prince_n do_v not_o abound_v in_o good_a will_n towards_o that_o people_n the_o byzantine_n by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o rhodian_o dispatch_v likewise_o their_o ambassador_n to_o attalus_n and_o achaeus_n to_o solicit_v aid_n from_o they_o they_o find_v attalus_n dispose_v to_o assist_v they_o but_o he_o be_v not_o in_o a_o present_a condition_n to_o yield_v they_o any_o great_a effect_n of_o his_o friendship_n inasmuch_o as_o he_o have_v be_v late_o compel_v by_o the_o power_n of_o achoeus_n to_o retire_v and_o confine_v himself_o to_o the_o ancient_a limit_n of_o his_o father_n kingdom_n as_o to_o achaeus_n who_o now_o hold_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n in_o asia_n on_o this_o side_n mount_n taurus_n and_o have_v late_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o king_n he_o fair_o promise_v the_o byzantine_n and_o frank_o embrace_v their_o part_n put_v they_o in_o mighty_a hope_n and_o thereby_o give_v matter_n of_o apprehension_n both_o to_o prusias_n and_o the_o rhodian_o achoeus_n be_v of_o kin_n to_o antiochus_n who_o succeed_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o syria_n and_o become_v possess_v of_o the_o power_n he_o hold_v by_o the_o mean_v we_o shall_v now_o relate_v after_o the_o death_n of_o seleucus_n father_n of_o antiochus_n and_o that_o seleucus_n his_o elder_a son_n have_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n achaeus_n accompany_v he_o in_o his_o march_n and_o passage_n over_o mount_n taurus_n about_o two_o year_n before_o those_o matter_n be_v transact_v whereof_o we_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o make_v relation_n seleucus_n have_v no_o soon_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n when_o he_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o attalus_n have_v already_o seize_v and_o bring_v under_o his_o dominion_n all_o that_o part_n of_o asia_n lie_v on_o this_o side_n mount_n taurus_n whereupon_o he_o forthwith_o fall_v prudent_o to_o deliberate_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o his_o government_n but_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o pass_v mount_n taurus_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o powerful_a army_n when_o by_o the_o treasonable_a practice_n of_o nicanor_n and_o villainy_n of_o one_o apaturius_n a_o gaul_n he_o be_v murder_v but_o achoeus_n soon_o compass_v a_o just_a revenge_n on_o the_o traitor_n for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n his_o kinsman_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o government_n manage_v all_o thing_n with_o great_a prudence_n and_o manifest_v in_o all_o his_o deportment_n a_o singular_a sufficiency_n and_o vivacity_n of_o mind_n and_o albeit_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n become_v now_o leave_v to_o his_o election_n and_o the_o people_n free_o court_v he_o with_o tender_v of_o the_o diadem_n he_o nevertheless_o reject_v the_o offer_n and_o determine_v to_o reserve_v the_o succession_n to_o antiochus_n brother_n of_o the_o dead_a king_n lead_v the_o army_n from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o manage_v the_o war_n so_o prosperous_o that_o he_o soon_o recover_v all_o that_o have_v be_v lose_v on_o this_o side_n the_o mountain_n but_o vanquish_v at_o length_n by_o the_o temptation_n of_o his_o felicity_n and_o after_o have_v beat_v and_o confine_v attalus_n to_o his_o own_o city_n of_o pergamus_n and_o reduce_v all_o those_o place_n that_o have_v be_v forcible_o possess_v he_o renounce_v all_o those_o noble_a and_o generous_a purpose_n he_o have_v take_v and_o invade_v the_o dominion_n
to_o march_v to_o rhium_n and_o fall_v by_o that_o way_n on_o the_o aetolian_n after_o philip_n have_v give_v audience_n to_o the_o ambassador_n he_o do_v not_o present_o dismiss_v they_o but_o hold_v they_o in_o hand_n tell_v they_o he_o will_v deliberate_v on_o their_o proposal_n so_o decamp_v he_o march_v the_o army_n to_o metropolis_n and_o conope_n at_o metropolis_n the_o aetolian_n hold_v the_o citadel_n but_o â—â—â—tred_v the_o town_n which_o the_o king_n destroy_v and_o so_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o conope_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o aetolian_a horse_n be_v get_v together_o and_o bold_o resolve_v to_o attempt_v the_o obstruct_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n about_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n believe_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a either_o to_o hinder_v his_o pass_n or_o at_o least_o to_o do_v the_o army_n much_o damage_n in_o the_o attempt_n but_o the_o king_n who_o have_v knowledge_n of_o their_o purpose_n command_v the_o bucklerman_n first_o to_o enter_v the_o river_n and_o to_o approach_v the_o other_o bank_n by_o troop_n or_o cohort_n well_o cover_v with_o their_o buckler_n after_o the_o tortoise_n manner_n these_o order_n be_v observe_v as_o they_o gain_v the_o other_o shoar_n the_o aetolian_n attack_v the_o advance_a party_n and_o in_o truth_n make_v some_o dispute_n but_o when_o they_o observe_v these_o to_o halt_v and_o to_o draw_v into_o close_a order_n and_o that_o the_o second_o and_o three_o cohort_n join_v they_o compose_v as_o it_o be_v a_o wall_n of_o defence_n with_o their_o buckler_n they_o than_o give_v back_o and_o retreat_v into_o the_o town_n despair_v to_o perform_v any_o further_a service_n after_o this_o occasion_n the_o aetolian_n presume_v not_o more_o to_o come_v into_o the_o field_n but_o shut_v themselves_o up_o in_o their_o place_n of_o defence_n after_o the_o king_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n and_o spoil_v all_o the_o low_a country_n without_o opposition_n he_o advance_v to_o ithoria_n a_o place_n fortify_v and_o strong_a by_o art_n and_o nature_n and_o stand_v in_o the_o way_n of_o his_o march_n nevertheless_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o army_n the_o garrison_n think_v it_o best_a to_o retire_v and_o abandon_v their_o work_n thus_o become_v master_n of_o this_o place_n he_o order_v it_o forthwith_o to_o be_v dismantle_v and_o demolish_v command_v his_o troop_n that_o ravage_v the_o country_n far_o and_o wide_a to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o all_o the_o fortress_n they_o can_v get_v into_o their_o hand_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v this_o straight_a he_o move_v by_o easy_a march_n the_o better_a to_o enable_v the_o soldier_n to_o carry_v their_o plunder_n then_o have_v furnish_v the_o army_n with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a he_o lead_v they_o towards_o oeniade_n and_o by_o the_o way_n sit_v down_o before_o paeanium_n which_o town_n he_o resolve_v to_o be_v first_o master_n of_o he_o take_v it_o by_o force_n after_o many_o assault_n this_o be_v a_o place_n of_o no_o great_a extent_n be_v hardly_o a_o mile_n about_o but_o no_o way_n inferior_a to_o the_o other_o as_o well_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o building_n as_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o work_n he_o cause_v the_o fortification_n to_o be_v raze_v and_o the_o edifice_n to_o be_v demolish_v take_v order_n with_o the_o timber_n and_o rafter_n to_o make_v float_v to_o transport_v himself_o to_o oeniade_n the_o aetolian_n seem_v at_o first_o resolve_v to_o fortify_v and_o keep_v possession_n of_o the_o citadel_n of_o that_o place_n but_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o king_n philip_n the_o fear_n prevail_v so_o they_o quit_v that_o likewise_o after_o the_o king_n be_v become_v master_n of_o oeniade_n he_o march_v into_o calydonia_n where_o he_o invest_v a_o well-fortifyed_a place_n have_v a_o strong_a wall_n and_o which_o be_v well_o furnish_v with_o store_n and_o provision_n of_o war._n for_o king_n attalus_n it_o seem_v have_v supply_v the_o aetolian_n with_o all_o thing_n needful_a to_o the_o defence_n of_o this_o town_n but_o philip_n take_v it_o by_o force_n the_o macedonian_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n of_o calydonia_n and_o afterward_o he_o march_v back_o to_o oeniade_n the_o king_n have_v well_o consider_v the_o commodious_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n as_o well_o for_o the_o passage_n it_o give_v into_o peloponnesus_n as_o other_o advantage_n resolve_v to_o fortify_v and_o begird_v it_o with_o a_o wall_n oeniade_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o very_a out-skirt_n of_o acarnania_n where_o it_o border_n on_o the_o aetolian_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o corinth_n it_o stand_v front_v towards_o peloponnesus_n and_o lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o coast_n of_o dyma_n and_o not_o distant_a above_o twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o country_n that_o border_n on_o araxus_n wherefore_o he_o fortify_v the_o castle_n and_o lay_v the_o design_n of_o join_v the_o arsenal_n and_o the_o port_n and_o destine_v for_o that_o service_n the_o material_n he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v transport_v from_o paeanium_n but_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v under_o consideration_n he_o receive_v letter_n from_o macedon_n whereby_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o dardanian_n believe_v he_o have_v take_v his_o march_n into_o peloponnesus_n have_v resolve_v to_o fall_v on_o he_o at_o home_n that_o they_o have_v levy_v force_n for_o that_o enterprise_n and_o be_v make_v great_a provision_n of_o all_o kind_n for_o prosecute_a the_o war._n whereupon_o judge_v it_o but_o just_a to_o repair_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o own_o country_n he_o therefore_o dismiss_v the_o achaean_n ambassador_n give_v they_o assurance_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o compose_v his_o affair_n at_o home_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o in_o his_o thought_n than_o to_o come_v and_o give_v they_o his_o utmost_a assistance_n whereupon_o he_o depart_v march_v with_o great_a diligence_n back_o by_o the_o same_o way_n he_o come_v at_o his_o passage_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o ambracia_n in_o his_o way_n out_o of_o acarnania_n into_o epirus_n he_o be_v meet_v by_o demetrius_n of_o pharus_n who_o have_v be_v compel_v to_o fly_v out_o of_o illyria_n by_o the_o roman_n as_o we_o have_v already_o note_v have_v only_o one_o single_a vessel_n with_o he_o the_o king_n receive_v he_o kind_o order_v he_o to_o go_v first_o to_o corinth_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o take_v his_o way_n through_o thessaly_n and_o come_v and_o meet_v he_o in_o macedon_n after_o philip_n have_v pass_v through_o epirus_n he_o continue_v his_o march_n without_o halt_v and_o on_o his_o arrival_n at_o pella_n a_o macedonian_a town_n the_o dardanian_n who_o have_v get_v intelligence_n of_o his_o return_n by_o certain_a thracian_a fugitive_n terrify_v at_o his_o diligence_n and_o sudden_a appearance_n dismiss_v their_o army_n after_o they_o be_v get_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o macedon_n whereupon_o have_v notice_n that_o the_o dardanian_a army_n be_v break_v he_o dismiss_v the_o macedonian_n that_o be_v then_o with_o he_o to_o go_v and_o gather_v in_o their_o harvest_n pass_v himself_o into_o thessaly_n to_o spend_v the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n at_o larissa_n about_o the_o same_o time_n paulus_n aemilius_n triumph_v magnificent_o at_o rome_n for_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o illyrian_n and_o hannibal_n after_o take_v saguntum_n by_o storm_n march_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n the_o roman_n now_o assure_v of_o the_o loss_n of_o saguntum_n send_v ambassador_n to_o carthage_n to_o demand_v the_o deliver_v up_o of_o hannibal_n but_o do_v not_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n respite_v their_o preparation_n for_o the_o war_n have_v create_v publius_n cornelius_n scipio_n and_o tiberius_n sempronius_n consul_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o we_o have_v treat_v at_o large_a of_o these_o occurrence_n in_o our_o precede_a book_n we_o only_o give_v here_o this_o hint_n thereof_o a_o little_a to_o refresh_v the_o reader_n be_v memory_n and_o to_o the_o end_n contemporary_a affair_n may_v be_v the_o better_o understand_v and_o here_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n the_o aetolian_n have_v in_o their_o assembly_n create_v dorimachus_n praetor_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v in_o his_o authority_n when_o assemble_v their_o troop_n he_o lead_v they_o into_o the_o upper_a epirus_n where_o he_o act_v all_o the_o violence_n of_o war_n not_o so_o much_o now_o in_o prospect_n of_o profit_n to_o himself_o as_o in_o malice_n to_o the_o epirot_n and_o on_o his_o arrival_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o dodona_n he_o there_o burn_v and_o demolish_v all_o the_o portico_n spoil_v the_o ornament_n and_o destroy_v in_o short_a the_o temple_n itself_o thus_o the_o aetolian_n careless_a of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n or_o war_n act_v such_o outrageous_a part_n in_o both_o peace_n and_o war_n as_o
the_o siege_n and_o order_v his_o troop_n to_o refresh_v themselves_o and_o to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n under_o their_o arm_n by_o break_v of_o day_n he_o command_v they_o to_o march_v down_o and_o pass_v the_o bridge_n over_o the_o erymanthus_n which_o they_o do_v without_o any_o impediment_n none_o suspect_v they_o will_v adventure_v on_o so_o hardy_a a_o enterprise_n then_o brave_o approach_v the_o town_n they_o come_v and_o lodge_v themselves_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n upon_o this_o euripidas_n and_o all_o within_o the_o town_n be_v strike_v with_o great_a terror_n and_o amazement_n have_v always_o conclude_v it_o most_o improbable_a that_o the_o enemy_n will_v ever_o be_v so_o adventurous_a as_o to_o make_v a_o essay_n of_o their_o strength_n against_o a_o place_n so_o well_o fortify_v and_o provide_v nor_o to_o resolve_v on_o a_o long_a siege_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o winter_n and_o bad_a wether_n nevertheless_o with_o these_o thought_n be_v mix_v certain_a jealousy_n among_o themselves_o and_o a_o apprehension_n lest_o philip_n shall_v become_v master_n of_o the_o place_n by_o intelligence_n but_o these_o fear_n be_v soon_o over_o and_o after_o they_o find_v there_o be_v no_o ground_n of_o suspicion_n of_o that_o there_o be_v none_o so_o much_o as_o incline_v to_o philip_n party_n they_o then_o unanimous_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o work_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o garrison_n mount_v the_o wall_n while_o the_o elean_a mercenary_n make_v a_o sally_n by_o a_o gate_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o town_n to_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n on_o that_o side_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o king_n have_v appoint_v three_o several_a attack_n order_v ladder_n to_o be_v raise_v by_o people_n destine_v to_o that_o particular_a service_n against_o each_o assign_v place_n with_o a_o sufficient_a guard_n of_o macedonian_n to_o sustain_v they_o then_o command_v to_o sound_v to_o the_o charge_n they_o advance_v to_o the_o assault_n on_o all_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n the_o garrison_n for_o a_o space_n make_v brave_a resistance_n cast_v down_o many_o of_o their_o ladder_n but_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o their_o dart_n and_o other_o weapon_n of_o defence_n in_o such_o occasion_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o for_o they_o be_v draw_v to_o the_o wall_n in_o haste_n as_o be_v note_v and_o the_o macedonian_n brave_o maintain_v the_o attack_z notwithstanding_o the_o opposition_n they_o find_v new_a man_n bold_o succeed_v and_o fill_v up_o the_o place_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v cast_v from_o the_o work_n that_o the_o townsman_n no_o long_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o desert_v their_o defence_n and_o betake_v themselves_o for_o safety_n to_o the_o citadel_n so_o the_o macedonian_n mount_v and_o become_v possess_v of_o the_o wall_n while_o the_o candiot_n who_o be_v come_v to_o blow_n with_o the_o party_n that_o have_v make_v the_o sally_n beat_v they_o back_o and_o in_o the_o pursuit_n enter_v pell-mell_o with_o they_o into_o the_o town_n whereby_o it_o so_o chance_v that_o the_o place_n be_v subdue_v and_o take_v in_o all_o quarter_n at_o once_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n likewise_o take_v sanctuary_n in_o the_o citadel_n as_o do_v euripidas_n and_o all_o that_o have_v time_n to_o provide_v for_o their_o safety_n the_o macedonian_n be_v no_o soon_o master_n of_o the_o town_n when_o they_o fall_v to_o plunder_v and_o rifle_v both_o public_a and_o private_a place_n where_o they_o remain_v till_o they_o shall_v receive_v further_a order_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n those_o who_o have_v retire_v to_o the_o citadel_n foresee_v what_o must_v inevitable_o besal_n they_o have_v nothing_o there_o to_o sustain_v they_o deliberate_v on_o yield_v it_o up_o according_o they_o send_v a_o trumpet_n to_o the_o king_n who_o give_v they_o his_o pass_n for_o the_o security_n of_o those_o who_o they_o shall_v appoint_v to_o treat_v who_o be_v the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o with_o they_o euripidas_n who_o obtain_v indemnity_n for_o all_o who_o be_v retire_v to_o the_o citadel_n both_o townsman_n and_o stranger_n nevertheless_o the_o deputy_n be_v order_v to_o return_v back_o and_o there_o to_o remain_v till_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v draw_v off_o lest_o some_o of_o the_o unruly_a soldier_n less_o observant_a of_o the_o king_n command_n shall_v be_v tempt_v to_o rifle_v they_o the_o wether_n be_v bad_a much_o snow_n fall_v the_o king_n be_v constrain_v to_o take_v up_o his_o abode_n here_o for_o some_o day_n where_o assemble_v all_o the_o achaian_n that_o be_v with_o he_o he_o first_o discourse_v with_o they_o touch_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n that_o it_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o of_o great_a use_n to_o they_o in_o the_o war_n they_o have_v on_o their_o hand_n then_o repeat_v the_o assurance_n of_o his_o fast_a friendship_n to_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n he_o bestow_v the_o town_n upon_o they_o tell_v they_o he_o be_v full_o determine_v to_o give_v they_o all_o the_o assistance_n in_o his_o utmost_a power_n and_o will_v let_v no_o occasion_n pass_v whereby_o he_o may_v express_v his_o affection_n to_o they_o after_o aratus_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o achaian_n have_v express_v their_o grateful_a acknowledgement_n for_o so_o many_o favour_n and_o good_a office_n the_o king_n dissolve_v the_o assembly_n and_o march_v the_o army_n away_o towards_o lasion_n upon_o which_o the_o psophidians_n leave_v the_o citadel_n and_o come_v down_o into_o the_o town_n to_o their_o respective_a habitation_n as_o to_o euripidas_n he_o depart_v thence_o to_o corinth_n from_o whence_o he_o go_v to_o aetolia_n the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o achaian_n give_v the_o government_n of_o the_o citadel_n to_o proslaus_n the_o sicyonian_a place_v therein_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o pythias_n they_o make_v governor_n of_o the_o town_n thus_o be_v matter_n accommodate_v at_o psophis_n the_o elean_a garrison_n in_o lasion_n receive_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o macedonian_n and_o be_v inform_v of_o what_o have_v pass_v at_o psophis_n desert_v the_o town_n into_o which_o the_o king_n immediate_o enter_v on_o his_o arrival_n to_o give_v further_a instance_n of_o his_o kindness_n to_o the_o achaian_n he_o make_v they_o a_o present_v likewise_o of_o this_o place_n he_o also_o restore_v stratus_n to_o the_o telphussians_n which_o the_o elean_n have_v abandon_v and_o in_o short_a in_o five_o day_n march_v to_o olymphia_n where_o after_o he_o have_v sacrifice_v and_o magnificent_o treat_v the_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n and_o allow_v three_o day_n to_o repose_v and_o refresh_v his_o troop_n he_o march_v they_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o elean_n where_o he_o no_o soon_o enter_v when_o he_o send_v detachment_n abroad_o to_o waste_v and_o plunder_v the_o country_n himself_o encamp_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o artemissium_n whither_o have_v order_v the_o booty_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o afterward_o return_v back_o to_o dioscurium_n and_o here_o though_o they_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n wherever_o they_o come_v and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n nevertheless_o the_o great_a part_n save_v themselves_o by_o fly_v to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n for_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o elean_n be_v the_o best_a people_v country_n of_o all_o peloponnesus_n and_o the_o most_o abound_v in_o all_o thing_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o in_o love_n with_o a_o country_n life_n that_o how_o wealthy_a soever_o they_o be_v they_o can_v be_v draw_v from_o thence_o to_o inhabit_v their_o to_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o government_n great_o incourage_v that_o sort_n of_o life_n whereby_o their_o land_n become_v better_o cultivate_v and_o improve_v insomuch_o as_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o all_o kind_n of_o protection_n and_o want_v no_o privilege_n or_o support_v it_o can_v give_v they_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o can_v easy_o believe_v they_o have_v be_v ever_o heretofore_o addict_v to_o that_o manner_n of_o live_v as_o well_o through_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o the_o innocence_n and_o simplicity_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n while_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o greek_n they_o enjoy_v their_o possession_n without_o any_o molestation_n or_o fear_v of_o war_n or_o violence_n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o olympic_a game_n that_o be_v there_o celebrate_v but_o after_o the_o arcadian_n have_v now_o challenge_v a_o right_a to_o lasion_n and_o pisa_n and_o they_o be_v become_v oblige_v to_o take_v arm_n to_o defend_v their_o possession_n they_o become_v change_v in_o their_o manner_n and_o forget_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o their_o country_n without_o thought_n of_o recover_v their_o old_a liberty_n and_o have_v long_o continue_v for_o the_o most_o
part_n in_o that_o state_n wherein_o â—methinks_v they_o manifest_v a_o very_a stupid_a neglect_n of_o their_o own_o proper_a benefit_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o posterity_n for_o since_o peace_n be_v a_o blessing_n which_o mankind_n in_o general_n ask_v of_o the_o god_n and_o for_o the_o sake_n whereof_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o thing_n we_o be_v not_o ready_a to_o do_v or_o suffer_v and_o since_o among_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o good_n of_o human_a life_n that_o alone_o remain_v undisputed_a do_v it_o not_o seem_v a_o mighty_a error_n then_o and_o blindness_n of_o mind_n that_o while_o this_o blessing_n may_v be_v honest_o obtain_v and_o perpetual_o enjoy_v to_o despise_v such_o a_o treasure_n and_o not_o esteem_v it_o a_o felicity_n preferable_a to_o all_o other_o but_o let_v it_o be_v object_v that_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o government_n will_v expose_v they_o to_o the_o insolence_n and_o injury_n of_o those_o who_o shall_v have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v war_n on_o they_o and_o violate_v their_o faith_n but_o this_o can_v but_o very_o rare_o come_v to_o pass_v and_o the_o general_a sense_n of_o such_o violence_n and_o the_o ready_a succour_n of_o the_o whole_a greek_a nation_n will_v soon_o remedy_v such_o a_o evil._n and_o after_o all_o riches_n be_v the_o certain_a product_n of_o long_a peace_n they_o will_v never_o want_v mercenary_n for_o their_o money_n whereby_o to_o strengthen_v themselves_o and_o garrison_n their_o place_n of_o defence_n while_o now_o in_o these_o our_o day_n out_o of_o a_o vain_a fear_n of_o what_o be_v very_o unlikely_a ever_o to_o happen_v their_o jealousy_n one_o of_o another_o beget_v nothing_o but_o war_n and_o violence_n and_o the_o mutual_a destruction_n of_o each_o other_o we_o have_v thus_o light_o touch_v this_o subject_n in_o our_o way_n to_o give_v a_o hint_n only_o to_o the_o elean_n of_o their_o proper_a interest_n and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o they_o can_v never_o hope_v to_o see_v a_o more_o favourable_a conjuncture_n whereby_o to_o regain_v their_o lose_a right_n and_o privilege_n in_o a_o word_n if_o the_o elean_n chance_v at_o this_o day_n to_o retain_v any_o kind_n of_o preference_n to_o their_o ancient_a manner_n of_o country_n employment_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o some_o faint_a remains_o of_o their_o old_a custom_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o quite_o extinguish_v hence_o than_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o philip_n fall_v in_o upon_o they_o so_o many_o prisoner_n be_v take_v and_o yet_o that_o so_o many_o notwithstanding_o make_v their_o escape_n into_o their_o to_n to_o the_o fortress_n of_o thalamé_n especial_o many_o resort_v where_o they_o secure_v much_o cattle_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o their_o movable_n that_o place_n be_v strong_o situate_a and_o the_o avenue_n difficult_a and_o stand_v remote_a from_o all_o commerce_n and_o almost_o every_o way_n inaccessible_a but_o when_o the_o king_n become_v inform_v that_o many_o of_o the_o enemy_n have_v retire_v thither_o he_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o attempt_v at_o least_o his_o best_a to_o dislodge_v they_o wherefore_o have_v first_o gain_v all_o the_o difficult_a pass_n whereby_o his_o army_n may_v march_v with_o security_n he_o leave_v his_o baggage_n in_o the_o camp_n guard_v with_o a_o good_a part_n of_o his_o army_n and_o take_v with_o he_o only_o his_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n march_v through_o the_o defile_v which_o lead_n towards_o thalamé_n those_o who_o be_v within_o the_o place_n terrify_v at_o his_o approach_n have_v be_v but_o little_a conversant_a in_o war_n and_o want_v every_o thing_n for_o their_o defence_n and_o there_o be_v great_a number_n of_o the_o base_a sort_n of_o people_n mix_v with_o they_o soon_o submit_v albeit_o they_o have_v a_o strength_n with_o they_o of_o two_o hundred_o mercenary_a soldier_n that_o have_v be_v bring_v thither_o by_o amphidamas_n a_o officer_n of_o the_o elean_n as_o soon_o as_o philip_n be_v master_n of_o thalamé_n and_o the_o booty_n they_o have_v there_o lodge_v together_o with_o five_o hundred_o man_n who_o be_v make_v prisoner_n and_o much_o cattle_n of_o all_o sort_n he_o return_v back_o to_o his_o camp_n and_o now_o his_o army_n be_v overcharge_v with_o booty_n whereby_o they_o become_v great_o hinder_v in_o their_o march_n and_o all_o military_a expedition_n he_o find_v it_o necessary_a to_o retire_v further_o and_o re-encamp_a at_o olympia_n among_o the_o tutor_n and_o governor_n leave_v by_o antigonus_n to_o king_n philip_n who_o come_v a_o child_n to_o the_o crown_n apelles_n be_v one_o who_o have_v preserve_v a_o powerful_a influence_n over_o the_o young_a prince_n this_o person_n then_o have_v conceive_v a_o project_n of_o reduce_v the_o achaian_n to_o the_o state_n wherein_o the_o thessalian_n then_o be_v begin_v his_o design_n by_o mean_n malicious_a enough_o for_o though_o it_o seem_v to_o he_o that_o the_o thessalian_n be_v a_o free_a people_n and_o live_v in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o all_o their_o right_n and_o liberty_n and_o their_o condition_n quite_o otherwise_o than_o that_o of_o the_o macedonian_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v therein_o deceive_v for_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o difference_n between_o they_o the_o thessalian_n living_n liable_a to_o the_o same_o usage_n with_o the_o macedonian_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v and_o submit_v to_o every_o thing_n the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n think_v fit_a now_o forasmuch_o as_o apelles_n bend_v all_o his_o thought_n towards_o the_o compass_v his_o design_n his_o first_o essay_n be_v on_o the_o patience_n of_o the_o achaean_n soldier_n who_o serve_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o army_n he_o therefore_o cause_v the_o macedonian_n frequent_o to_o dislodge_v they_o and_o possess_v their_o quarter_n when_o they_o find_v they_o at_o any_o time_n better_o provide_v than_o themselves_o and_o often_o to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o plunder_n in_o a_o word_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v severe_o treat_v by_o the_o common_a executioner_n on_o every_o slight_a occasion_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o complain_v or_o the_o soldier_n appear_v to_o rescue_v their_o friend_n from_o such_o hard_a treatment_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v take_v into_o custody_n conceive_v that_o by_o this_o sort_n of_o usage_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a by_o degree_n and_o unobserved_a to_o bring_v the_o achaian_n to_o bear_v by_o custom_n any_o burden_n the_o king_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o lay_v upon_o they_o thus_o apelles_n be_v not_o without_o hope_n of_o compass_v his_o purpose_n from_o his_o have_v observe_v that_o heretofore_o in_o the_o time_n of_o antigonus_n the_o achaian_n cheerful_o undergo_v many_o hardship_n to_o purchase_v their_o exemption_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o cleomenes_n but_o so_o it_o chance_v that_o certain_a achaean_n soldier_n provoke_v by_o this_o usage_n assemble_v themselves_o and_o go_v and_o impart_v the_o project_n and_o practice_n of_o apelles_n to_o aratus_n who_o thereupon_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n to_o obtain_v a_o remedy_n for_o this_o evil_a ere_o it_o get_v a_o head_n philip_n now_o inform_v of_o what_o have_v be_v do_v call_v these_o soldier_n to_o he_o and_o give_v they_o assurance_n that_o care_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o the_o future_a that_o no_o such_o injury_n shall_v be_v offer_v they_o bid_v they_o rely_v on_o his_o word_n and_o according_o he_o order_v apelles_n to_o determine_v nothing_o at_o any_o time_n about_o the_o achaean_n soldier_n without_o first_o communicate_v with_o their_o praetor_n or_o chief_a officer_n thus_o philip_n acquire_v a_o mighty_a reputation_n not_o only_o among_o his_o own_o subject_n but_o throughout_o all_o peloponnesus_n as_o well_o by_o his_o manner_n of_o treatment_n of_o the_o ally_n in_o the_o camp_n as_o by_o his_o personal_a courage_n vigilance_n and_o ability_n in_o war._n and_o in_o truth_n it_o will_v have_v be_v hard_o to_o find_v a_o prince_n to_o who_o nature_n have_v be_v more_o bountiful_a in_o those_o gift_n and_o quality_n that_o be_v find_v necessary_a to_o the_o acquisition_n of_o power_n and_o empire_n his_o understanding_n be_v clear_a his_o memory_n excellent_a and_o his_o person_n and_o fashion_n bear_v the_o majesty_n he_o hold_v but_o his_o bright_a virtue_n be_v his_o resolution_n and_o military_a ability_n but_o in_o regard_n it_o will_v be_v too_o long_a a_o digression_n to_o recount_v here_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o he_o lose_v this_o excellent_a character_n and_o from_o a_o great_a king_n become_v a_o tyrant_n we_o will_v therefore_o refer_v that_o story_n to_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n king_n philip_n then_o decamp_v from_o olympia_n march_v towards_o pharae_n and_o soon_o after_o come_v to_o telphussa_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o heraea_n where_o he_o cause_v all_o the_o booty_n to_o be_v sell_v here_o he_o order_v a_o bridge_n to_o be_v
determination_n to_o march_v and_o to_o take_v their_o way_n by_o laconia_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o to_o join_v the_o king_n force_n with_o what_o speed_n they_o may_v according_o they_o take_v the_o field_n and_o arrive_v near_o glympia_n a_o fortress_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n it_o chance_v that_o they_o do_v not_o encamp_v with_o that_o circumspection_n which_o they_o ought_v have_v neither_o retrenchment_n or_o palisade_n nor_o be_v the_o place_n where_o they_o encamp_v well_o choose_v but_o in_o confidence_n of_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o quarter_v themselves_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o place_n lycurgus_n come_v to_o understand_v the_o messenian_n be_v arrive_v take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o a_o small_a party_n of_o lacedoemonian_o and_o march_v to_o attack_v they_o and_o come_v upon_o they_o about_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n bold_o attempt_v their_o camp_n and_o now_o though_o the_o messenian_n have_v act_v otherwise_o imprudent_o in_o every_o thing_n and_o have_v march_v with_o too_o small_a a_o force_n and_o destitute_a of_o officer_n in_o who_o judgement_n and_o ability_n they_o may_v rely_v nevertheless_o their_o behaviour_n in_o this_o rencounter_n be_v without_o blame_n consider_v the_o surprise_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o receive_v notice_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o lycurgus_n leave_v all_o their_o lumber_n and_o whatever_o may_v trouble_v they_o behind_o they_o retire_v to_o a_o certain_a fortress_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n get_v nothing_o but_o their_o baggage_n and_o a_o few_o horse_n of_o their_o foot_n they_o lose_v not_o a_o man_n and_o of_o their_o horse_n not_o above_o eight_o or_o nine_o who_o fall_v on_o the_o spot_n after_o this_o defeat_n the_o messenian_n return_v home_n by_o the_o way_n of_o argos_n and_o lycurgus_n exalt_v with_o his_o success_n march_v back_o to_o sparta_n where_o he_o fall_v to_o make_v of_o new_a 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at_o the_o same_o time_n stone_v to_o death_n by_o the_o woman_n of_o apamea_n upon_o antiochus_n return_n home_o he_o dispose_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n and_o send_v to_o expostulate_v with_o achoeus_n about_o his_o invade_v the_o crown_n and_o presume_v to_o call_v himself_o king_n afterward_o he_o let_v he_o understand_v that_o the_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o ptolemy_n be_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o many_o other_o act_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o in_o violation_n of_o his_o duty_n it_o seem_v that_o at_o what_o time_n the_o war_n be_v undertake_v against_o artabazanes_n achoeus_n imagine_v the_o king_n may_v miscarry_v in_o that_o expedition_n and_o though_o that_o shall_v not_o happen_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v thereby_o draw_v so_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n will_v give_v he_o a_o safe_a opportunity_n to_o fall_v on_o syria_n and_o seize_v on_o that_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o aid_v therein_o by_o the_o cyrrhestoe_fw-mi 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prevail_v above_o the_o rest_n who_o maintain_v that_o the_o design_n on_o caelo-syria_n be_v vain_a and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o unprofitable_a expedition_n to_o make_v war_n there_o while_o they_o leave_v ptolemy_n in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o seleucia_n a_o royal_a city_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o dishonour_n to_o have_v that_o city_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o egyptian_a king_n the_o recovery_n thereof_o will_v redound_v great_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n affair_n in_o many_o point_n that_o in_o the_o interim_n while_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o enemy_n hand_n it_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a impediment_n to_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o king_n success_n in_o the_o enterprise_n he_o be_v upon_o for_o which_o way_n soever_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o carry_v the_o war_n he_o will_v find_v it_o necessary_a over_o and_o above_o all_o other_o preparation_n to_o strengthen_v all_o his_o town_n with_o 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this_o mountain_n between_o which_o and_o the_o city_n be_v a_o deep_a vale_n waste_n and_o full_a of_o break_a ground_n which_o extend_v to_o the_o sea_n enclose_v almost_o on_o all_o side_n with_o rock_n and_o precipice_n on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o sea_n the_o ground_n be_v low_a and_o watery_a where_o there_o be_v a_o suburb_n fortify_v with_o a_o good_a wall_n like_o that_o of_o the_o city_n itself_o seleucia_n surpass_v all_o the_o city_n of_o syria_n in_o the_o magnificence_n of_o her_o temple_n and_o other_o building_n it_o have_v but_o one_o communication_n with_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v a_o passage_n wrought_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n in_o manner_n of_o stair_n not_o far_o off_o be_v see_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n orontes_n who_o head_n be_v in_o the_o country_n about_o libanus_n and_o anti-libanus_n take_v its_o course_n through_o the_o plain_a of_o amycoe_n and_o run_v to_o antioch_n divide_v that_o city_n as_o it_o be_v into_o two_o which_o 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soldier_n according_a to_o custom_n and_o proclaim_v by_o a_o herald_n promise_v of_o extraordinary_a recompense_n as_o crown_n and_o such_o like_a reward_n to_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n who_o shall_v best_o behave_v themselves_o he_o give_v to_o xeux_n and_o those_o under_o he_o the_o attack_z of_o the_o gate_n that_o lead_v to_o antioch_n to_o hermogenes_n that_o of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v near_a the_o temple_n of_o castor_n and_o pollux_n and_o to_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n the_o ars'nal_a and_o suburb_n for_o it_o be_v agree_v with_o the_o conspirator_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o suburb_n shall_v be_v win_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v surrender_v and_o now_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v the_o attack_z begin_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o and_o be_v press_v with_o great_a forwardness_n and_o bravery_n but_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n signalise_v themselves_o above_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o resolution_n and_o address_n though_o indeed_o
ground_n which_o by_o a_o gentle_a descent_n terminate_v in_o a_o plain_a from_o whence_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o eminence_n it_o be_v near_o two_o mile_n here_o antochus_n lodge_v a_o ambush_n which_o in_o effect_n win_v he_o the_o place_n for_o after_o by_o little_a skirmish_n and_o dispute_n he_o have_v draw_v the_o people_n out_o in_o one_o of_o these_o engagement_n feign_v to_o be_v too_o weak_a his_o party_n retreat_v while_o the_o other_o pursue_v when_o present_o face_v about_o the_o enemy_n in_o their_o turn_n retire_v who_o meet_v the_o ambush_n in_o front_n many_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o in_o short_a antiochus_z himself_z pursuing_z the_o advantage_n so_o terrify_v they_o that_o the_o town_n be_v take_v on_o the_o first_o attack_z at_o the_o same_o time_n keroeas_n one_o of_o ptolomy_n captain_n desert_v and_o come_v over_o to_o antiochus_n who_o receive_v with_o great_a solemnity_n it_o give_v occasion_n for_o many_o other_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n to_o leave_v his_o service_n for_o short_o after_o hippolochus_n the_o thessalian_a act_v the_o same_o part_n bring_v with_o he_o to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o hundred_o horse_n antiochus_n likewise_o garrison_v atabyrium_n and_o pursue_v his_o journey_n in_o his_o march_n receive_v to_o his_o obedience_n the_o city_n of_o pella_n camus_n and_o gephrus_n which_o surrender_v this_o great_a success_n so_o wrought_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o neighbour_a people_n that_o they_o unanimous_o take_v part_n with_o antiochus_n whereby_o his_o hope_n increase_v and_o his_o power_n be_v augment_v by_o this_o new_a accession_n of_o his_o arabian_a friend_n he_o advance_v into_o galatis_n which_o reduce_v he_o take_v abila_n and_o in_o it_o those_o who_o be_v come_v in_o to_o succour_v it_o under_o the_o lead_n of_o nicias_n a_o kinsman_n and_o confident_a of_o menea_n in_o short_a gadara_n be_v the_o only_a place_n that_o now_o remain_v to_o be_v reduce_v which_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o considerable_a for_o strength_n in_o all_o that_o country_n to_o this_o town_n the_o king_n approach_v with_o his_o army_n and_o so_o terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o his_o preparation_n to_o attack_v they_o that_o they_o yield_v themselves_o up_o and_o now_o be_v inform_v that_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v draw_v together_o in_o a_o certain_a town_n of_o arabia_n call_v rabath-ben-ammon_n or_o rabatamana_n from_o whence_o they_o make_v excursion_n and_o plunder_v the_o country_n of_o those_o who_o have_v contract_v friendship_n with_o he_o he_o therefore_o lay_v aside_o all_o his_o other_o affair_n bend_v his_o march_n that_o way_n and_o approach_v the_o mountain_n whereon_o the_o town_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v view_v the_o situation_n on_o all_o side_n he_o conclude_v there_o be_v but_o two_o place_n by_o which_o they_o can_v be_v attack_v there_o than_o he_o post_v his_o troop_n and_o cause_v his_o machine_n to_o approach_n the_o conduct_n of_o the_o work_v he_o divide_v betwixt_o nicarchus_n and_o theodotus_n whiâ—â—_n himself_o keep_v a_o equal_a and_o vigilant_a eve_n of_o their_o behaviour_n and_o remark_v the_o affection_n that_o carry_v these_o two_o leader_n to_o advance_v his_o service_n who_o emulate_v each_o other_o and_o labour_v who_o shall_v first_o open_v a_o breach_n the_o wall_n be_v demolish_v by_o that_o mean_v much_o soon_o then_o be_v expect_v that_o work_v do_v the_o king_n continue_v his_o attack_n night_n and_o day_n press_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o get_v into_o the_o town_n but_o therein_o they_o long_o labour_v in_o vain_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o defendant_n till_o at_o length_n one_o of_o their_o prisonen_fw-mi discover_v to_o the_o besieger_n a_o vault_n or_o passage_n under_o ground_n by_o which_o the_o besiege_v descend_v to_o supply_v themselves_o with_o water_n which_o passage_n be_v once_o stop_v up_o the_o inhabitant_n streighten_v by_o necessity_n confess_v themselves_o vanquish_v and_o so_o yield_v up_o the_o town_n thus_o antiochus_n become_v master_n of_o rabatamana_n where_o he_o leave_v nearchus_n governor_n with_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o send_v hippolochus_n and_o kâ—roeas_n who_o have_v desert_v ptolemy_n at_o the_o head_n of_o five_o thousand_o foot_n into_o the_o country_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o samaria_n to_o command_v in_o that_o province_n and_o to_o defend_v those_o who_o have_v submit_v to_o he_o against_o incursion_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o bend_v his_o march_n towards_o ptolemais_n there_o to_o pass_v the_o winter_n for_o so_o he_o have_v before_o determine_v during_o the_o same_o summer_n those_o of_o pedâ—elissa_n be_v attack_v and_o besiege_v by_o the_o selgian_n and_o find_v themselves_o in_o danger_n apply_v to_o achoeus_n for_o succour_n by_o their_o ambassador_n who_o ready_o promise_v they_o his_o assistance_n they_o sustain_v the_o siege_n with_o great_a constancy_n in_o hope_n of_o his_o send_v they_o relief_n which_o he_o according_o do_v dispatch_v garsyere_n at_o the_o head_n of_o six_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o selgians_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o these_o succour_n they_o march_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o troop_n to_o possess_v the_o strait_n near_o a_o certain_a place_n call_v by_o those_o of_o the_o country_n climax_n or_o the_o ladder_n post_v his_o troop_n on_o the_o passage_n or_o entrance_n hard_a by_o saporda_n break_v the_o ground_n and_o barracado_n the_o passage_n every_o where_n garsyere_n march_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o milyade_n come_v and_o encamp_v near_o cretompolis_n and_o find_v it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o advance_v any_o further_a for_o that_o the_o enemy_n have_v every_o where_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o defilée_n he_o therefore_o devise_v this_o stratagem_n he_o cause_v his_o troop_n to_o face_n about_o and_o march_v back_o by_o the_o way_n they_o come_v make_v show_n as_o if_o on_o find_v the_o way_n so_o fortify_v that_o he_o can_v not_o march_v on_o he_o have_v despair_v of_o his_o design_n of_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a the_o selgians_n be_v deceive_v by_o this_o show_n and_o conclude_v garsyere_n have_v change_v his_o purpose_n whereupon_o one_o part_n of_o their_o troop_n return_v to_o their_o camp_n and_o theâ—_n 〈◊〉_d march_v home_o for_o that_o their_o time_n of_o harvest_n be_v at_o hand_n this_o be_v observe_v by_o garsyere_n he_o there_o upon_o march_v back_o and_o gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n without_o meet_v any_o force_n to_o oppose_v he_o where_o post_v sufficient_a strength_n to_o guard_v the_o avenue_n he_o leave_v phaylus_fw-la to_o command_n there_o and_o march_v with_o the_o army_n to_o perga_n deal_v with_o other_o people_n of_o pisidiâ—_n and_o with_o the_o pamphylian_o themselves_o by_o person_n he_o dispatch_v to_o they_o set_v forth_o the_o insolent_a behaviour_n of_o the_o selgians_n towards_o their_o neighbour_n and_o exhort_v they_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o league_n of_o achoeus_n and_o to_o contribute_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o pednelissa_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o agitation_n the_o selgians_n send_v a_o army_n against_o phaylus_fw-la which_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o country_n have_v conceive_v hope_n of_o terrify_v he_o and_o force_v he_o from_o his_o post_n but_o find_v their_o attempt_n in_o vain_a and_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o man_n in_o the_o several_a attack_n they_o make_v upon_o he_o they_o lose_v their_o hope_n likewise_o of_o succeed_v that_o way_n howbeit_o they_o will_v not_o forsake_v their_o enterprise_n but_o have_v recourse_n to_o their_o machine_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o etennenses_n who_o inhabit_v the_o mountain_n of_o pisidia_n that_o overlook_a sida_n supply_v garsyere_n with_o a_o re-inforcement_n of_o eight_o thousand_o man_n and_o the_o aspendian_o with_o four_o thousand_o but_o those_o of_o sida_n who_o though_o they_o have_v a_o just_a consideration_n for_o antiochus_n yet_o bear_v no_o goodwill_n to_o the_o aspendian_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o send_v relief_n to_o the_o besiege_a garsyere_n however_o thus_o strengthen_v with_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o ally_n march_v towards_o pednelissa_n promise_a himself_o to_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n on_o the_o first_o attempt_n but_o when_o he_o perceive_v the_o selgians_n to_o be_v under_o no_o surprise_n at_o his_o arrival_n he_o draw_v near_o and_o encamp_v his_o army_n close_o by_o they_o the_o pednelissians_n the_o mean_a while_o be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o every_o thing_n wherefore_o garsyere_n resolve_v to_o put_v relief_n into_o the_o town_n by_o one_o mean_n or_o other_o draw_v out_o two_o thousand_o choice_a man_n of_o his_o own_o troop_n each_o man_n take_v with_o he_o a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o corn_n order_v they_o to_o march_v and_o endeavour_v to_o get_v into_o the_o town_n by_o night_n