the_o low_a country_n common_a wealth_n contain_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o eight_o unite_a province_n now_o make_v free_a translate_v out_o of_o french_a ed._n grimeston_n print_v by_o g._n eld._n 1609_o to_o the_o worthy_a knight_n sir_n peter_n manwood_n sir_n after_o the_o edition_n of_o the_o netherlands_n history_n i_o be_v entreat_v to_o peruse_v and_o translate_v this_o discourse_n be_v a_o description_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n write_v by_o john_n francis_n petit_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a author_n of_o that_o history_n who_o as_o he_o himself_o do_v aver_v have_v make_v a_o particular_a survey_n of_o all_o the_o province_n town_n and_o fort_n which_o be_v now_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o confederate_a estate_n and_o find_v it_o likely_a to_o give_v some_o contentment_n to_o the_o reader_n and_o necessary_a as_o well_o for_o his_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o history_n as_o for_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o state_n of_o those_o province_n which_o have_v maintain_v so_o long_o and_o difficult_a a_o war_n against_o so_o potent_a a_o monarch_n i_o have_v spend_v such_o hour_n as_o i_o can_v well_o spare_v from_o my_o more_o necessary_a employment_n since_o my_o come_n into_o france_n in_o the_o traduction_n thereof_o that_o it_o may_v be_v print_v as_o a_o appendix_n to_o the_o history_n the_o which_o i_o can_v recommend_v to_o any_o gentleman_n better_o deserve_v of_o i_o then_o your_o self_n unto_o who_o i_o be_o much_o bind_v for_o many_o kind_a favour_n and_o respect_n accept_v it_o good_a sir_n though_o not_o worthy_a of_o your_o view_n yet_o as_o a_o testymonie_n of_o his_o love_n and_o thankfulness_n who_o will_v always_o remain_v you_o devote_a to_o do_v you_o service_n edward_n grimeston_n orleans_n april_n 10._o stilo_fw-it novo_fw-la 1609._o a_o table_n contain_v all_o the_o name_n of_o city_n town_n castle_n burg_n and_o village_n in_o these_o eight_o unite_a province_n with_o the_o town_n and_o fort_n out_o of_o the_o say_a province_n and_o yet_o include_v in_o their_o union_n and_o first_o of_o geldres_n the_o duchy_n of_o geldres_n in_o particular_a fol._n 1_o arnham_n folio_fw-la 6_o nymeghen_fw-mi 9_o ruremond_n 13_o venloo_n 14_o gelder_n 15_o stralen_n 16_o wachtendonck_n 17_o erchelens_n ibid._n echt._n 18_o montfort_n ibid._n harderwick_n ibid._n elburg_n 19_o hattem_n ibid._n wageningen_n 20_o tyell_n ibid._n bommel_n 21_o saint_n andrew_n fort._n 23_o culembourge_n 25_o battenbourg_n ibid._n buren_n 26_o the_o earldom_n of_o holland_n and_o westfreesland_n fol._n 36_o dordrecht_n 46_o harlem_n 52_o delf_n 60_o leyden_n folio_fw-la 67_o amsterdam_n 73_o goude_n 78_o enchuysen_n 87_o horn_n 89_o alckmar_n 94_o medenblick_n 100_o edam_fw-la 101_o munikendamme_n 103_o purmerende_n ibid._n muden_n 105_o naerden_n 106_o gorrichom_n 107_o worchom_n 109_o heusdin_n 111_o leerdam_n ibid._n henclom_n ibid._n aspren_n 112_o oudewater_n ibid._n rotterdam_n 113_o schiedam_fw-la 115_o bryell_n 117_o schoonhoven_n 118_o iselstein_n 119_o woerden_n ibid._n viane_n 120_o ghâ—ertruydenberg_n 121_o hage_n 122_o vlaerdinghe_a 128_o sevenberghe_n ibid._n goere_n 129_o beverwick_n ibid._n nieuport_n 131_o scage_n ibid._n nobility_n of_o holland_n from_o 136._o to_o 157_o description_n of_o the_o british_a fort_n call_v l'_fw-mi huis_fw-mi te_fw-mi britain_n 157_o zealand_n with_o the_o island_n town_n &_o burrough_n 159_o walachry_n or_o walchren_n 161_o middlebourgh_n ibid._n vere_n or_o campvere_a 165_o flâ—singhe_a 168_o arnemuyden_n 171_o dombourgh_n 174_o west-cappelle_a ibid._n soetlandt_n 175_o rammeken_n ibid._n schowen_v 176_o ziriczee_n 177_o browershaven_n 178_o zuit-bevelandt_a 179_o rommerswall_n 180_o go_v 181_o tolen_n the_o island_n and_o town_n 182_o saint_n martin_n dike_n 183_o noort-bevelandt_a ibid._n wolfers-dicke_a 184_o the_o county_n of_o zutphen_n in_o particular_a 189_o doesburgh_n 192_o doetecum_fw-la 193_o bronckhorst_n ibid._n lochem_n 194_o groll_n ibid._n sherenbergh_n 196_o bredefort_n ibid._n keppel_n 197_o bourg_n ibid._n the_o province_n and_o signiory_n of_o vtrecht_n in_o particular_a 198_o vtrecht_n 199_o wickter-duyrsteede_a 206_o amersfort_n 208_o rhenen_n 209_o montfort_n 210_o the_o state_n of_o vtrecht_n in_o general_n 211_o freesland_n in_o general_a 219_o lewarden_n 236_o dockum_n 242_o franiker_n 244_o bolsewaert_n 245_o staveren_n 247_o harlinghen_n 250_o sneck_v ibid._n sloten_n ibid._n ilst_n ibid._n worcum_fw-la 252_o hindelopen_fw-la ibid._n the_o seven_o forest_n 253_o oueryssell_n in_o general_n 254_o deuenter_n 259_o campen_n 260_o swoll_n 263_o steenwick_n 265_o hassel_n ibid._n oldenzeel_v 266_o otmarse_n ibid._n enschcede_fw-la 267_o vollenhoven_n ibid._n geelmuyden_n 268_o meppell_n ibid._n hardenbergh_n 269_o coevoorden_n ibid._n rise_v 270_o diepenhem_n ibid._n ghoer_n 271_o delden_n ibid._n almeloo_n ibid._n wilsen_n ibid._n graffhorst_a 272_o gronninghen_n and_o the_o ommelandt_n in_o general_n 273_o dam_v 287_o delfziell_n ibid._n town_n and_o fort_n out_o of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o yet_o comprise_v in_o their_o union_n 289_o in_o the_o duchy_n of_o brabant_n berghen_fw-mi upon_o soom_n 289_o breda_n 290_o steenberghen_n 293_o william-stadt_a ibid._n cluyndert_fw-ge 294_o lilloo_o ibid._n ter-heyden_n 295_o town_n and_o fortress_n that_o the_o state_n hold_v in_o flanders_n 296_o sluice_n ibid._n ardenbourgh_n 298_o ysendike_n ibid._n lyefkens-hoeck_a 299_o terneuse_n 300_o axle_n ibid._n fortress_n hold_v by_o the_o state_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n 301_o borentangâ—_n ibid._n bellinger-wolder-ziell_a 302_o finis_fw-la the_o belgic_a commonweal_n or_o a_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o eight_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n there_o be_v great_a contradiction_n of_o opinion_n betwixt_o both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a writer_n touch_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o geldrois_fw-mi the_o which_o they_o can_v hardly_o reconcile_v neither_o will_v i_o under-take_v the_o charge_n marlian_n say_v that_o in_o julius_n caesar_n time_n the_o contrie_n which_o be_v now_o call_v gelder_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o menapiens_fw-la other_o hold_v that_o it_o be_v the_o abode_n of_o the_o sicambrian_n whereunto_o i_o will_v yield_v and_o that_o under_o that_o name_n the_o clevois_n be_v comprehend_v through_o who_o country_n as_o well_o as_o through_o gelder_n the_o river_n of_o rhine_n do_v run_v the_o which_o do_v cast_v one_o of_o his_o branch_n betwixt_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n and_o cleves_n be_v call_v wahal_n at_o the_o division_n of_o the_o island_n of_o sgraven-weerdt_a where_o that_o mighty_a fort_n be_v first_o build_v by_o colonel_n martin_n schenck_n and_o at_o this_o day_n in_o great_a esteem_n for_o which_o island_n there_o have_v be_v long_a debate_n betwixt_o the_o duke_n of_o gelder_n and_o cleves_n the_o which_o be_v not_o yet_o decide_v &_o be_v begin_v betwixt_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o and_o william_n duke_n of_o cleves_n father_n to_o this_o last_o duke_n the_o battavians_n or_o hollander_n do_v also_o hold_v a_o part_n of_o that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v gelder_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o in_o caesar_n time_n the_o sicambrian_n do_v inhabit_v on_o either-side_n of_o the_o rhine_n in_o the_o country_n of_o cleves_n and_o geldres_n as_o wezel_n on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o burich_n cleef_n and_o other_o of_o the_o other_o side_n be_v of_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleves_n and_o of_o geldres_n nymegen_n lie_v of_o the_o one_o side_n and_o arnham_n on_o the_o other_o so_o as_o we_o may_v right_o say_v that_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n and_o wahal_n do_v run_v through_o these_o two_o province_n for_o the_o sicambrian_n have_v often_o be_v defeat_v by_o the_o roman_n augustus_n who_o succeed_v caesar_n as_o strabo_n suctonius_n &_o other_o do_v write_v to_o be_v the_o better_o assure_v of_o they_o and_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o awe_n transport_v a_o good_a number_n of_o they_o with_o other_o people_n on_o this_o side_n the_o rhine_n and_o there_o plant_v they_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v that_o the_o menapian_n do_v not_o first_o inhabit_v all_o that_o country_n which_o lie_v along_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n to_o who_o the_o sicambrian_n do_v afterward_o succeed_v who_o enjoy_v a_o great_a continent_n of_o ground_n on_o the_o one_o side_n as_o far_o as_o the_o vbiens_n and_o on_o the_o other_o unto_o the_o ocean_n sea_n the_o which_o marlian_n confirm_v by_o these_o word_n the_o sicambrian_n plant_v whereas_o the_o two_o great_a river_n of_o rhine_n and_o meuse_n do_v meet_v and_o join_v extend_v themselves_o unto_o the_o ocean_n sea_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v the_o sicambrian_n be_v people_n whole_o germains_n inhabit_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n never_o unto_o the_o vbiens_fw-la and_o eburones_n which_o be_v the_o people_n of_o cologne_n &_o liege_n so_o as_o we_o can_v say_v that_o those_o which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v geldrois_n have_v the_o name_n of_o sicambrian_n only_o but_o that_o under_o that_o name_n be_v
also_o comprehend_v they_o of_o cleves_n mont_n marck_n &_o julliers_n all_o neighbour_n to_o the_o rhine_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n a_o part_n of_o the_o river_n of_o mouse_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o country_n of_o the_o eburones_n and_o the_o modern_a geldrois_fw-mi come_v &_o join_v with_o the_o river_n of_o wahal_n which_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o rhine_n never_o unto_o lovestein_n and_o then_o retain_v the_o sole_a name_n of_o mouse_n wash_v the_o town_n of_o dordrecht_n rotterdam_n schiedam_n vlaerdingen_n and_o the_o brill_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o so_o into_o the_o great_a ocean_n the_o which_o sydonius_n appolinaris_n a_o excellent_a poet_n in_o his_o time_n do_v witness_n by_o these_o verse_n sic_fw-la ripa_n duplicis_fw-la tumore_fw-la fracta_fw-la detonsus_fw-la vahalim_fw-la bibat_fw-la sycamber_n so_o when_o the_o double_a swell_n break_v the_o brink_n wahal_n shall_v be_v the_o shear_v sicambrian_n drink_n but_o no_o man_n can_v direct_o say_v when_o or_o how_o these_o menapian_n &_o sicambrian_n be_v divide_v in_o these_o province_n thus_o distinguish_v by_o which_o distinction_n they_o have_v lose_v their_o ancient_a name_n this_o province_n be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v geldres_n and_o the_o other_o cleves_n juilliers_n mont_n marck_n liege_n yea_o &_o westphalia_n the_o etymology_n of_o which_o name_n of_o geldres_n seem_v ridiculous_a unto_o i_o as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o holland_n i_o will_v rather_o hold_v with_o they_o which_o maintain_v that_o the_o whole_a country_n have_v take_v his_o name_n of_o gelduba_n a_o town_n in_o old_a time_n seat_v upon_o the_o rhine_n whereof_o tacitus_n make_v honourable_a mention_n but_o at_o this_o day_n there_o remain_v no_o memory_n thereof_o munster_n hold_v it_o for_o most_o certain_a that_o the_o first_o lord_n of_o this_o country_n who_o long_o after_o carry_v no_o high_a title_n then_o of_o advocate_n then_o of_o earl_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o duke_n be_v two_o brethren_n issue_v from_o the_o french_a wyncard_a and_o lâ—â—old_a du_fw-fr pont_n who_o build_v a_o castle_n call_v pont-gelder_n which_o castle_n have_v long_o retain_v that_o name_n of_o pont_n and_o be_v now_o join_v to_o the_o town_n of_o geldre_n which_o have_v give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a province_n have_v at_o this_o day_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o country_n of_o friesland_n to_o the_o norwe_v the_o zuyderzee_n upon_o the_o south_n the_o river_n of_o mouse_n join_v upon_o it_o and_o divide_v it_o from_o the_o duchy_n of_o brabant_n to_o the_o southeast_n be_v the_o duchy_n of_o juilller_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n and_o the_o duchie_a of_o cleves_n the_o which_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o very_a unequal_a part_n &_o to_o the_o west_n be_v holland_n and_o the_o siegneurie_n of_o vtrecht_n this_o province_n be_v plain_a and_o of_o a_o goodly_a situation_n have_v few_o mountain_n but_o main_a heath_n &_o great_a store_n of_o wood_n which_o be_v both_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a among_o the_o which_o be_v that_o of_o echterwald_n all_o their_o soil_n or_o ground_n for_o tillage_n be_v very_o fertile_a in_o corn_n and_o the_o pasture_n fat_a for_o cattle_n especial_o that_o which_o lie_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n wahal_n issel_n and_o meuse_n lewis_n guichardin_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o our_o time_n confound_v the_o earldom_n of_o zutphen_n with_o the_o duchy_n of_o geldres_n as_o we_o will_v show_v in_o the_o particular_a description_n and_o not_o confound_v it_o with_o that_o of_o gelder_n the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n and_o the_o county_n of_o zutphen_n contain_v the_o town_n of_o arnhem_n zutphen_n nymegen_n and_o ruremond_n which_o be_v the_o four_o chief_a of_o the_o whole_a country_n make_v the_o four_o quarter_n of_o these_o two_o province_n &_o be_v situate_v as_o we_o will_v show_v upon_o four_o diverse_a river_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o four_o several_a bishop_n then_o be_v the_o town_n of_o venlo_n upon_o the_o mouse_n geldres_n stralen_n wachkendonck_n and_o erkelens_n in_o the_o champain_n country_n then_o there_o be_v hatten_n upon_o the_o issell_n elbruch_n and_o harderwyck_n upon_o the_o zuyderzee_n wageningen_n upon_o the_o rhine_n tyel_n and_o bomel_n upon_o the_o wahal_n there_o be_v many_o town_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v wall_v in_o but_o through_o diverse_a accident_n and_o disaster_n they_o be_v now_o whole_o or_o in_o part_n spoil_v &_o in_o theâ—e_n last_o war_n some_o have_v be_v utter_o ruin_v yet_o as_o touch_v that_o little_a which_o remain_v they_o do_v still_o enjoy_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o town_n as_o keppel_n burch_n ghendt_fw-ge batenburch_n montfort_n &_o each_o with_o other_o whereof_o we_o will_v make_v mention_n come_v to_o their_o quarter_n with_o the_o which_o there_o be_v above_o three_o hundred_o village_n have_v steeple_n &_o the_o right_n of_o parish_n the_o estate_n of_o this_o duchy_n consist_v upon_o three_o chief_a member_n of_o the_o baron_n who_o they_o call_v vry_n heren_n of_o the_o noble_n who_o they_o call_v redderschap_n and_o of_o the_o four_o foresay_a chief_a town_n which_o estate_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v fall_v from_o the_o prince_n of_o austria_n hold_v their_o college_n in_o the_o town_n of_o arnham_n whereas_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o chancery_n and_o the_o chamber_n of_o accompt_n remain_v as_o well_o for_o the_o duchy_n as_o the_o county_n of_o zutphen_n wherefore_o although_o it_o may_v displease_v nymegen_n as_o the_o last_o member_n add_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n we_o will_v begin_v with_o arnham_n as_o the_o chief_a town_n and_o describe_v all_o the_o other_o town_n in_o particular_a according_a to_o their_o dignity_n arnham_n this_o town_n be_v in_o old_a time_n call_v arnacum_fw-la it_o be_v a_o good_a town_n and_o somewhat_o spacious_a seat_v upon_o the_o right_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n half_o a_o league_n from_o the_o which_o be_v fossa_n drusiana_n which_o be_v now_o call_v issel_n dort_n whereas_o drusus_n to_o keep_v his_o soldier_n from_o idleness_n cause_v they_o to_o begin_v to_o dig_v a_o channel_n which_o draw_v the_o water_n out_o of_o the_o rhine_n it_o fall_v into_o a_o little_a river_n call_v issell_n near_o unto_o dousbourg_n in_o the_o county_n of_o zutphen_n the_o which_o he_o do_v build_v and_o call_v it_o by_o his_o own_o name_n that_o he_o may_v have_v a_o short_a passage_n by_o water_n to_o go_v and_o make_v war_n against_o the_o frison_n which_o channel_n or_o little_a river_n do_v so_o increase_v in_o a_o short_a time_n as_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v grow_v very_o great_a &_o be_v call_v issel_n pass_v before_o the_o town_n of_o dousbourg_n bronchor_v zutphen_n deventer_n and_o campen_n where_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o zuyder_n sea_n this_o town_n of_o arnham_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o estate_n and_o siegneury_n of_o the_o veluwe_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n under_o which_o town_n be_v the_o town_n of_o hattem_n harderwyck_n elbruch_n &_o wageningen_n all_o wall_a with_o many_o village_n burrow_n and_o castle_n with_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o particular_a officer_n subject_a to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o drossart_n or_o lieutenant_n general_a of_o that_o quarter_n compass_v in_o by_o the_o zuyderzee_n the_o rhine_n and_o the_o river_n of_o issel_n for_o which_o cause_n fish_n abound_v there_o and_o be_v very_o good_a cheap_a beside_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o wood_n underwood_n and_o bush_n full_a of_o game_n for_o the_o pleasure_n of_o hunt_v near_o unto_o the_o say_a town_n of_o arnham_n be_v a_o other_o member_n of_o the_o duchy_n call_v velwe_n zoom_n the_o which_o extend_v near_o unto_o zutphin_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o on_o the_o other_o it_o reach_v near_o to_o wageningen_n in_o all_o which_o soil_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o mead_n and_o very_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a pasture_n which_o quarter_n have_v a_o particular_a officer_n which_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o arnham_n with_o four_o assistant_n and_o as_o for_o the_o veluwe_v the_o drossart_n have_v ten_o assistant_n or_o councillor_n whereas_o he_o keep_v his_o court_n of_o plea_n but_o touch_v the_o spiritualty_n the_o town_n of_o arnham_n with_o the_o whole_a jurisdiction_n before_o the_o trouble_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o vtrecht_n in_o this_o town_n the_o duke_n of_o geldres_n do_v in_o former_a time_n make_v their_o residence_n and_o there_o they_o be_v entomb_v in_o the_o great_a church_n before_o the_o market_n place_n from_o whence_o they_o go_v unto_o the_o port_n which_o lead_v unto_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n the_o chancery_n &_o the_o council_n of_o gelder_n be_v establish_v there_o by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o in_o
the_o midst_n from_o one_o corner_n to_o another_o a_o tower_n all_o flank_v with_o great_a broad_a stone_n to_o resist_v the_o flow_a of_o the_o rind_n upon_o who_o bank_n it_o be_v seat_v some_o forty_o of_o these_o stone_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o the_o year_n 1552._o the_o which_o be_v four_o foot_n long_o and_o three_o broad_a there_o be_v also_o piece_n of_o brick_n find_v a_o foot_n square_a on_o the_o which_o be_v these_o letter_n x._o g._n i._n which_o seem_v to_o signify_v ex_fw-la germania_n inferiori_fw-la moreover_o a_o other_o stone_n break_v at_o both_o the_o end_n in_o which_o there_o do_v yet_o remain_v these_o imperfect_a word_n ever_o pius_fw-la an._n max._n trib._n pot._n xiii_o ntonin_n pius_fw-la aec_fw-la milit._n leg._n i._n i_o euidiorum_fw-la there_o wear_v also_o piece_n of_o silver_n with_o this_o inscription_n l._n septimius_n severus_n pertinax_n aug._n imp._n beside_o there_o be_v a_o other_o stone_n all_o eat_v with_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o wind_n represent_v victory_n with_o wing_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n a_o eagle_n with_o these_o letter_n imp._n caes_n ant._n ne_fw-fr aug._n coh_o m._n to._n ru._n pe._n there_o be_v other_o stone_n one_o with_o a_o ship_n such_o as_o the_o saxon_n use_v in_o those_o time_n a_o other_o with_o a_o man_n face_n have_v a_o beard_n and_o long_a hair_n a_o other_o have_v the_o figure_n of_o hercules_n with_o his_o mace_n beside_o a_o other_o long_a stone_n break_v at_o one_o end_n whereas_o these_o word_n be_v comprehend_v brittanic_a germanic_a pius_fw-la faelix_fw-la augustus_n pont._n max._n trib._n pot._n xviii_o four_o p._n p._n imp._n iii_o aram._n a_o divo_fw-la claudio_n et_fw-la postea_fw-la a_o divo_o severo_fw-la patre_fw-la svo_fw-la restitutam_fw-la in_o the_o same_o year_n 1520._o there_o be_v a_o key_n find_v which_o they_o do_v suppose_v be_v that_o of_o the_o arsenal_n there_o be_v also_o find_v many_o figure_n vessel_n pot_n lamp_n and_o other_o square_a stone_n where_o there_o be_v grave_v x._o ger._n inf._n there_o have_v be_v also_o find_v piece_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n of_o julius_n caesar_n and_o other_o in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o sixty_o two_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o arsenal_n be_v descover_v above_o twenty_o day_n together_o from_o whence_o the_o people_n thereabout_a draw_v many_o thousand_o of_o stone_n it_o have_v be_v descover_v again_o of_o late_a year_n but_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v bury_v much_o zeeland_n with_o the_o island_n town_n and_o bourroughes_n no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o the_o dane_n and_o norman_n have_v overrun_v these_o island_n as_o well_o as_o holland_n and_o other_o far_a region_n who_o as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o conqueror_n to_o impose_v new_a name_n to_o place_n which_o they_o have_v conquer_v especial_o the_o name_n of_o country_n and_o town_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v come_v some_o think_v have_v give_v this_o name_n of_o zeelandt_n of_o one_o of_o their_o chief_a island_n so_o call_v in_o the_o which_o be_v the_o royal_a town_n of_o coppenhagen_n but_o admit_v it_o be_v not_o so_o and_o let_v we_o draw_v their_o beginning_n from_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n itself_o zee_n signify_v the_o sea_n and_o landt_n country_n which_o be_v a_o country_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v there_o be_v no_o need_n then_o to_o make_v any_o further_a search_n for_o the_o etymology_n but_o we_o will_v content_v ourselves_o with_o it_o the_o county_n of_o zeelande_n which_o have_v now_o more_o power_n and_o authority_n than_o it_o ever_o have_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n comprehend_v in_o seven_o principal_a island_n the_o which_o be_v walchren_n where_o middlebourg_n stand_v schoven_n and_o there_o be_v ziricxee_v zuytbevelandt_n where_o ter_n go_v be_v tertolen_v where_o there_o be_v the_o town_n of_o tolen_n noortbevelandt_n recover_v from_o the_o sea_n within_o these_o ten_o year_n duyvelandt_n and_o wolfersdick_n there_o be_v other_o small_a one_o whereof_o we_o make_v no_o mention_n those_o of_o walchren_n and_o schoven_n lie_v most_o open_a to_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_n on_o which_o side_n they_o be_v natural_o defend_v with_o these_o sandy_a hill_n which_o they_o call_v down_n and_o where_o there_o be_v not_o any_o they_o have_v make_v good_a and_o high_a bank_n strengthen_v with_o thick_a turf_n and_o wad_v of_o straw_n which_o bind_v they_o firm_o together_o the_o which_o they_o call_v dike_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o ordinary_a charge_n to_o repair_v and_o entertain_v they_o be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o time_n and_o toil_n they_o employ_v great_a but_o they_o observe_v a_o good_a order_n with_o such_o proportion_n as_o such_o as_o have_v the_o propriety_n of_o the_o land_n adjoin_v bear_v the_o charge_n for_o the_o entertain_n of_o these_o dike_n every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o portion_n all_o the_o country_n of_o zealand_n be_v fat_a and_o fertile_a for_o all_o kind_n of_o tillage_n but_o especial_o for_o fair_a white_a wheat_n and_o of_o a_o grain_n to_o die_v red_a which_o be_v a_o rich_a commodity_n and_o distribute_v through_o all_o europe_n there_o be_v also_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o turf_n for_o fyre_v which_o they_o call_v dary_n the_o which_o they_o be_v forbid_v to_o cut_v near_o unto_o the_o dike_n for_o that_o it_o be_v their_o foundation_n and_o defence_n there_o be_v none_o but_o the_o poor_a sort_n that_o use_v it_o for_o that_o it_o yield_v a_o stink_a smoke_n there_o be_v general_o as_o pleasant_a and_o fat_a pasture_n for_o cattle_n as_o in_o holland_n but_o the_o better_a to_o know_v the_o whole_a country_n we_o must_v begin_v to_o describe_v the_o land_n and_o the_o particular_a town_n of_o every_o of_o they_o walachrie_n be_v in_o the_o country_n language_n call_v walchren_n the_o most_o famous_a and_o most_o rich_a of_o all_o the_o land_n of_o zealand_n not_o for_o the_o greatness_n for_o it_o have_v not_o ten_o league_n circuit_n but_o for_o the_o strength_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o seat_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o infinite_a number_n of_o people_n that_o inhabit_v it_o their_o great_a commerce_n and_o the_o greaâ—_n riches_n which_o the_o sea_n bring_v unto_o they_o by_o their_o navigation_n this_o island_n have_v four_o wall_a town_n middelbourg_n which_o be_v the_o metropolitaine_n of_o all_o zealand_n where_o the_o court_n remain_v flissing_n la_fw-fr vere_n teruere_n or_o camp_n vere_n which_o be_v all_o one_o and_o arnemuyden_n doubourg_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a town_n of_o zealand_n but_o now_o it_o be_v but_o a_o bourg_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o be_v situate_v yet_o it_o retain_v still_o the_o municipal_a privilege_n of_o a_o town_n we_o will_v then_o begin_v with_o middelbourg_n middelbourg_n some_o attribute_n the_o beginning_n of_o this_o town_n to_o one_o metellus_n a_o roman_a captain_n who_o first_o build_v the_o bourg_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o castle_n the_o which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o town_n whereas_o now_o the_o prison_n be_v of_o which_o mettellus_n by_o this_o castle_n it_o have_v be_v call_v metelli_n burgam_n and_o so_o middelbourg_n in_o ducth_z but_o let_v we_o leave_v this_o definition_n and_o say_v that_o it_o have_v take_v his_o name_n of_o these_o two_o word_n middel_n which_o signify_v the_o midst_n and_o bourg_n a_o castle_n as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o a_o caâ—â—le_n in_o the_o midst_n as_o be_v situate_v before_o the_o sea_n have_v get_v so_o much_o on_o that_o side_n in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o island_n it_o stand_v in_o 50._o degree_n ¾_n of_o latitude_n it_o be_v but_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o league_n from_o arnemuyden_n unto_o which_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o have_v a_o narrow_a and_o crooked_a haven_n which_o go_v unto_o their_o salt_n pit_n but_o within_o these_o fifty_o year_n they_o of_o middelbourg_n have_v make_v a_o new_a straight_a haven_n from_o their_o port_n of_o dam_n unto_o the_o sea_n the_o which_o be_v good_a and_o deep_a able_a at_o a_o full_a sea_n to_o carry_v ship_n of_o 4._o or_o 500_o ton_n within_o these_o twelve_o year_n they_o have_v augment_v their_o town_n more_o than_o half_a round_o about_o wherein_o they_o have_v do_v prejudice_n without_o any_o recompense_n to_o they_o that_o have_v garden_n and_o possession_n in_o the_o suburb_n yet_o all_o this_o great_a increase_n serve_v for_o no_o other_o use_n but_o for_o house_n of_o pleasure_n and_o garden_n for_o merchant_n although_o there_o be_v place_n to_o have_v build_v above_o 3000._o good_a house_n for_o the_o commodity_n whereof_o they_o may_v make_v many_o channel_n to_o pass_v from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o but_o god_n know_v when_o all_o this_o void_a place_n shall_v
good_a school_n there_o it_o have_v not_o much_o taste_v of_o the_o misery_n of_o these_o last_o war_n sometime_o it_o have_v maintain_v a_o small_a garrison_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n without_o any_o great_a charge_n unto_o they_o elburgh_n it_o lie_v upon_o the_o zuyderzee_n like_v unto_o harderwick_n from_o the_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a two_o good_a league_n and_o as_o much_o from_o the_o town_n of_o campen_n in_o oueryssell_n it_o be_v a_o little_a town_n of_o small_a traffic_n but_o yet_o good_a cheap_a to_o live_v in_o and_o have_v during_o these_o war_n follow_v the_o same_o party_n that_o harderwick_n do_v hattem_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n a_o good_a town_n though_o none_o of_o the_o great_a seat_v upon_o the_o left_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o yssell_n there_o be_v a_o goodly_a strong_a castle_n which_o have_v taste_v of_o the_o misery_n of_o these_o last_o war_n for_o the_o drossart_n or_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o country_n think_v to_o deliver_v it_o into_o the_o spaniard_n hand_n be_v discover_v they_o think_v to_o make_v it_o good_a in_o this_o castle_n whereas_o the_o estate_n besiege_v they_o and_o the_o castle_n be_v so_o batter_v and_o tear_v with_o the_o canon_n whereof_o the_o mark_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v as_o they_o be_v force_v and_o carry_v prisoner_n to_o arnham_n whereas_o they_o lose_v their_o head_n wagheninghen_n be_v a_o small_a ancient_a strong_a town_n and_o be_v the_o very_a same_o which_o cornelius_n tacitus_n call_v vada_n as_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n it_o maâ—_n proper_o be_v so_o call_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n compass_v in_o of_o all_o side_n with_o moor_n and_o bog_n which_o make_v it_o in-accessible_a on_o those_o part_n it_o lie_v not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n of_o rhyne_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o town_n of_o arnham_n and_o nymeghen_fw-mi and_o four_o league_n from_o culenbourg_n tyel_n this_o town_n be_v the_o chief_a place_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n or_o bayliwick_n which_o they_o call_v tyelerweerd_v the_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v a_o peninsula_n but_o since_o these_o last_o war_n derick-vick_a signior_n of_o soulen_n bailiff_n of_o the_o town_n and_o jurisdiction_n have_v cause_v a_o channel_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o the_o country_n to_o sail_v from_o the_o river_n of_o meuze_fw-fr into_o the_o wahal_n upon_o the_o right_a bank_n whereof_o the_o say_a town_n be_v build_v â—_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o say_v tyelweerd_v be_v now_o make_v a_o island_n for_o that_o there_o be_v no_o entrance_n into_o it_o but_o by_o water_n or_o through_o the_o town_n it_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n and_o by_o art_n through_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o say_a amptman_n or_o bailyffe_n who_o since_o the_o last_o trouble_n have_v make_v sharp_a war_n against_o the_o spaniard_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o that_o garrison_n in_o the_o year_n 1528._o hold_v the_o party_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o gelder_n their_o prince_n the_o burguignon_n besiege_v it_o in_o the_o emperor_n name_n but_o it_o be_v so_o well_o defend_v as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n to_o the_o great_a honour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o few_o soldier_n that_o be_v within_o it_o bommel_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a strong_a place_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o all_o the_o territory_n of_o bommell-weerd_a which_o the_o rind_n and_o meuze_fw-fr do_v compass_n in_o make_v it_o a_o island_n the_o which_o they_o say_v be_v call_v by_o caesar_n insula_fw-la batavorum_fw-la if_o it_o extend_v no_o far_o the_o which_o we_o may_v say_v be_v now_o the_o high_a and_o low_a betuwe_n on_o the_o other_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o ryne_n as_o far_o as_o tyel_n and_o beyond_o to_o haerwerden_v where_o at_o this_o present_a be_v the_o mighty_a fort_n of_o saint_n andrew_n whereof_o we_o will_v present_o make_v mention_n whereas_o the_o wahal_n and_o the_o meuze_fw-fr kiss_v as_o the_o pass_n join_v together_o at_o lovestein_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o say_v bomels-weerd_a in_o one_o body_n the_o which_o soon_o after_o from_o gorrichom_n take_v the_o name_n of_o meruve_n until_o that_o have_v past_o dordrecht_n it_o resume_v his_o name_n of_o meuze_fw-fr and_o beneath_o bryell_n run_v into_o the_o british_a sea_n in_o this_o island_n there_o be_v many_o fair_a village_n and_o castle_n among_o other_o rossem_fw-la whereas_o martin_n van_fw-mi rossem_fw-la seign_n ior_fw-fr of_o puydroyen_fw-fr be_v bear_v a_o famous_a captain_n in_o his_o time_n have_v be_v martial_a of_o the_o field_n to_o the_o duke_n charles_n of_o gelder_n and_o william_n of_o cleves_n who_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1534._o do_v terrify_v the_o town_n of_o antwerp_n and_o think_v to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o they_o of_o lovuain_n be_v force_v to_o retire_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1598._o archduke_n albert_n of_o austria_n be_v go_v into_o spain_n to_o fetch_v his_o spouse_n the_o infanta_n isabella_n daughter_n to_o king_n philip_n the_o second_o and_o sister_n to_o king_n philip_n the_o three_o now_o reign_v leave_v during_o his_o absence_n cardinal_n andrew_n of_o austria_n to_o govern_v the_o netherlands_o which_o be_v give_v in_o marriage_n to_o the_o say_v isabella_n and_o don_n francisco_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n admiral_n of_o arragon_n for_o general_a of_o his_o army_n the_o which_o he_o send_v unto_o the_o frontier_n of_o germany_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o unite_a estate_n that_o way_n where_o have_v do_v what_o he_o list_v and_o take_v from_o the_o estate_n by_o siege_n the_o town_n of_o rhynberch_n and_o deutecom_v and_o then_o the_o fort_n of_o crevecaeur_n he_o pass_v to_o the_o say_a island_n of_o bommell_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o besiege_v the_o town_n the_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o work_n at_o the_o fortification_n lie_v half_o open_a the_o which_o prince_n maurice_n understanding_n he_o post_v thither_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o assure_v it_o with_o his_o presence_n and_o force_n cause_v a_o trench_n to_o be_v cast_v without_o the_o town_n from_o one_o side_n of_o the_o river_n unto_o the_o other_o whereas_o he_o lodge_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n whereupon_a the_o admiral_n see_v there_o be_v no_o way_n to_o force_v they_o he_o retire_v far_o into_o the_o island_n busi_v himself_o about_o the_o build_n of_o saint_n andrew_n fort_n so_o as_o the_o town_n of_o bommel_n be_v free_v in_o this_o town_n be_v bear_v that_o learned_a man_n elbert_n leoninus_n doctor_n of_o the_o law_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1601._o be_v chancellor_n of_o gelder_n and_o deputy_n for_o the_o general_a estate_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n be_v above_o 80._o year_n old_a he_o be_v sometime_o tutor_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n which_o now_o live_v s._n andrew_n this_o fort_n be_v so_o name_v by_o andrew_n of_o austria_n cardinal_n of_o constance_n be_v governor_n of_o the_o netherlands_o as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o archduke_n albert._n it_o be_v the_o mighty_a fort_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o all_o the_o netherlands_o for_o the_o building_n whereof_o the_o admiral_n of_o arragon_n disfurnish_v the_o whole_a island_n of_o tree_n it_o be_v comprehend_v in_o five_o bulwark_n after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o citadel_n of_o antwerp_n whereof_o three_o be_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o meuze_fw-fr and_o wahal_n and_o the_o two_o other_o towards_o haerwerden_n either_o of_o they_o have_v a_o cavalier_n or_o platform_n to_o defend_v it_o with_o broad_a and_o deep_a ditch_n without_o the_o which_o be_v a_o counterscarpe_a the_o which_o have_v also_o a_o ditch_n round_o about_o it_o and_o small_a fort_n to_o warrant_v it_o especial_o whereas_o these_o two_o river_n embrace_v one_o a_o other_o towards_o tyler-weerd_a whereas_o the_o fort_n of_o nassau_n be_v set_v opposite_a to_o that_o of_o saint_n andrew_n in_o a_o corner_n which_o be_v also_o make_v a_o island_n by_o art_n be_v call_v voorne_n and_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o estate_n which_o two_o fort_n do_v daily_o salute_v one_o a_o other_o with_o their_o ordinance_n the_o admiral_n have_v finish_v this_o fort_n think_v thereby_o to_o keep_v the_o river_n of_o wahal_n and_o mouse_n and_o the_o whole_a island_n in_o subjection_n leave_v a_o garrison_n of_o 1500._o man_n in_o it_o with_o store_n of_o artillery_n and_o munition_n and_o then_o retire_v with_o his_o army_n to_o refresh_v it_o in_o brabant_n but_o prince_n maurice_n do_v not_o dissolve_v his_o army_n but_o keep_v it_o together_o all_o the_o winter_n as_o well_o in_o the_o town_n of_o bommel_n as_o in_o the_o trench_n and_o ship_n which_o he_o have_v lie_v by_o the_o spring_n time_n be_v come_v have_v recover_v the_o fort_n of_o crevecaeur_n he_o go_v to_o besiege_v that_o of_o saint_n andrew_n the_o which_o through_o want_n of_o victual_n be_v
five_o ertutis_fw-la decus_fw-la ac_fw-la munus_fw-la spectabile_fw-la jussit_fw-la m_o ateriem_fw-la at_o linquo_fw-la soribendi_fw-la vatibus_fw-la aâ—plaâ—_n a_o shower_n of_o gold_n fall_v once_o from_o jove_n man_n say_v m_o any_o commend_v rhodes_n wealth_n sicilia_n s_o ay_fw-fr diverse_a be_v the_o storehouse_n unto_o rome_n t_n rue_v once_o but_o ceres_n now_o be_v hither_o come_v e_o ven_v she_o and_o all_o the_o deity_n have_v lay_v r_o itch_v on_o i_o be_v ever_o rich_a they_o say_v d_o row_v be_v my_o seat_n thereof_o in_o fenny_a strand_n a_o and_o on_o wood-pile_n do_v all_o my_o building_n stand_v m_o y_z wall_n be_v wash_v with_o wave_n that_o ebb_n and_o flow_v b_o ut_fw-la from_o those_o wave_n do_v my_o advancement_n grow_v e_o ache_n quarter_n of_o the_o world_n send_v ship_n to_o i_o l_o aden_n with_o wave_n of_o worth_n for_o use_v for_o eye_n g_o reat_fw-la be_v my_o gain_n by_o trade_n but_o great_a yet_o i_o be_v that_o which_o by_o my_o vent_n of_o corn_n i_o get_v a_o ffrica_fw-la sicilia_n and_o the_o idaean_a field_n s_o et_fw-fr parallel_n with_o i_o for_o that_o must_v yield_v saint_n such_o be_v my_o state_n record_v by_o fame_n hand_n t_n o_o be_v the_o store_n house_n of_o all_o netherlands_n o_o f_o all_o thing_n man_n do_v need_v nay_o rathermore_o r_o itch_n needy_a here_o may_v all_o have_v choice_n and_o store_n e_o ven_n as_o the_o stomach_n sole_a digestion_n h_n elp_v man_n whole_a form_n with_o growth_n of_o flesh_n &_o bone_n o_o ur_fw-la worth_n thus_o try_v make_v caesar_n set_v a_o crown_n five_o upon_o our_o shield_n as_o badge_n of_o due_a renown_n s_o tay_n now_o no_o more_o but_o leave_v against_o our_o will_n e_o ternâ—ll_a matter_n for_o a_o pure_a quill_n they_o of_o amsterdam_n make_v a_o great_a present_a of_o money_n to_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n for_o the_o which_o he_o grant_v they_o leave_v to_o bear_v a_o imperial_a crown_n upon_o the_o arm_n of_o their_o city_n a_o 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among_o the_o rest_n one_o burguemaister_n but_o they_o be_v repulse_v and_o cause_v to_o fly_v some_o here_o and_o some_o there_o by_o boat_n into_o freezeland_n and_o other_o place_n some_o of_o they_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n as_o they_o run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o street_n all_o naked_a be_v take_v and_o execute_v after_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a fashion_n a_o ancient_a citizen_n of_o this_o town_n have_v also_o make_v these_o verse_n follow_v ing_z in_o honour_n of_o his_o country_n haec_fw-la illa_fw-la est_fw-la battavae_fw-la non_fw-la ultima_fw-la gloria_fw-la gentis_fw-la amnis_fw-la cui_fw-la nomen_fw-la cui_fw-la cataracta_fw-la dedit_fw-la dicta_fw-la prius_fw-la dammum_fw-la raris_fw-la habitata_fw-la colonis_fw-la cum_fw-la contenta_fw-la casis_fw-la rustica_fw-la vita_fw-la fuit_fw-la hinc_fw-la amsterdamum_n iam_fw-la facta_fw-la celebrior_fw-la atque_fw-la fortunae_fw-la crevit_fw-la tempore_fw-la nomen_fw-la item_n vrbs_fw-la bene_fw-la nota_fw-la prope_fw-la 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the_o world_n can_v wish_v brief_o it_o be_v so_o rich_a it_o seem_v to_o hold_v all_o tagus_n hermus_n and_o pactolus_n gold_n goude_n although_o the_o historiographer_n do_v dispute_v much_o about_o the_o name_n of_o this_o town_n some_o say_n that_o it_o come_v from_o a_o lady_n so_o call_v heretofore_o inheritrix_n of_o it_o other_o from_o the_o golden_a leaf_n wherewith_o the_o steeple_n of_o their_o church_n be_v cover_v to_o show_v their_o riches_n and_o magnificence_n for_o goude_n in_o the_o dutch_a tongue_n signify_v gold_n yet_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o most_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o a_o certain_a water_n call_v goude_n begin_v from_o the_o sluice_n of_o goude_n near_o unto_o alphen_n where_o heretofore_o the_o roman_n have_v their_o abode_n call_v it_o castra_n albiniana_n run_v even_o to_o the_o river_n of_o yssule_n upon_o the_o which_o at_o the_o entry_n of_o that_o water_n be_v the_o say_a town_n build_v it_o be_v a_o strong_a town_n populous_a and_o pleasant_a environ_v with_o goodly_a field_n &_o farm_n strong_a wall_n and_o deep_a ditch_n and_o within_o beautiful_o furnish_v with_o fair_a house_n but_o especial_o upon_o both_o side_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o the_o market_n place_n abound_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o victual_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o commodious_a situation_n and_o the_o continual_a pass_v of_o such_o infinite_a number_n of_o ship_n whereby_o they_o have_v this_o advantage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o river_n and_o channel_n that_o they_o may_v victual_v then-selue_n and_o serve_v the_o province_n of_o holland_n zealand_n brabant_n &_o other_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o wealth_n come_v in_o by_o that_o mean_n the_o air_n by_o reason_n it_o be_v far_o from_o the_o sea_n be_v more_o healthsome_a than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o province_n there_o run_v a_o channel_n of_o freshwater_n through_o every_o street_n of_o the_o town_n by_o reason_n whereof_o here-tofore_a there_o have_v be_v in_o this_o town_n 305._o brewer_n who_o serve_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n their_o beer_n be_v call_v for_o the_o goodness_n of_o it_o the_o renenew_n of_o goude_n but_o the_o neighbour_n town_n notwithstanding_o the_o goodness_n of_o it_o have_v take_v that_o commodity_n from_o they_o it_o have_v a_o fair_a and_o spacious_a market_n place_n in_o a_o ouall_a form_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o great_a and_o magnificent_a statehouse_n which_o the_o lady_n jaquelin_n countess_n of_o holland_n cause_v to_o be_v build_v when_o at_o the_o pursuit_n of_o philip_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n be_v abandon_v by_o almost_o all_o the_o town_n of_o holland_n she_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o this_o town_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o seem_v this_o state_n house_n be_v finish_v after_o her_o death_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1440._o i_o have_v see_v at_o the_o hage_n a_o chair_n of_o wood_n upon_o the_o back_n whereof_o their_o be_v two_o a._n a._n in_o gold_n and_o these_o word_n trou_fw-fr aen_fw-la din._n these_o two_o a._n a._n signify_v gouda_n which_o be_v in_o dutch_a a._n of_o gold_n &_o trou_fw-fr aen_fw-la din._n faithful_a to_o thou_o which_o be_v the_o devise_n of_o the_o say_a countess_n confess_v that_o they_o of_o gouda_n have_v be_v always_o faithful_a and_o true_a unto_o she_o under_o the_o statehouse_n be_v the_o shambles_n of_o the_o town_n curious_o seat_v upon_o pillar_n not_o wrought_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o simple_a architect_n and_o on_o the_o back_n part_n be_v a_o high_a place_n build_v upon_o the_o like_a pillar_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o execution_n be_v it_o either_o behead_v by_o the_o sword_n or_o otherwise_o the_o parish-church_n of_o this_o town_n be_v very_o magnificent_a &_o esteem_v to_o be_v great_a than_o any_o one_o in_o the_o netherlands_o exceed_v both_o in_o length_n and_o greatness_n the_o archiepiscopal_a church_n of_o cologne_n pass_v all_o belief_n in_o the_o beauty_n of_o glass_n window_n make_v
seek_v to_o give_v they_o all_o the_o contentment_n they_o can_v devise_v the_o spaniard_n contrary_a to_o their_o faith_n and_o promise_n fall_v upon_o they_o and_o murder_v a_o great_a number_n who_o they_o have_v cause_v to_o retire_v into_o a_o church_n in_o cold_a blood_n force_v and_o deflower_v the_o wife_n and_o virgin_n spoil_v the_o town_n and_o have_a carry_v away_o their_o booty_n they_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n the_o which_o be_v a_o good_a precedent_n for_o the_o other_o town_n of_o holland_n by_o the_o which_o the_o town_n of_o harlem_n and_o alcmar_n take_v example_n the_o first_o be_v as_o cruel_o entreat_v after_o their_o yield_v and_o the_o other_o so_o encourage_v to_o defend_v themselves_o as_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o six_o week_n and_o diverse_a assault_n the_o spaniard_n be_v force_v to_o retire_v to_o their_o dishonour_n and_o loss_n this_o town_n of_o naerden_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o bayliwicke_n of_o goeland_n which_o the_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n have_v often_o pretend_v to_o belong_v unto_o they_o but_o since_o it_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o revenue_n of_o holland_n gorrichom_n this_o town_n of_o gorchum_fw-la or_o gorrichom_n from_o a_o small_a beginning_n be_v grow_v to_o the_o greatness_n and_o state_n wherein_o you_o see_v it_o at_o this_o day_n for_o it_o take_v his_o name_n from_o poor_a fisherman_n who_o have_v their_o lodging_n or_o cabin_n along_o the_o river_n of_o lingen_n until_o it_o join_v with_o the_o mouse_n and_o wahal_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o poâ—uertie_n be_v in_o contempt_n call_v gorrikens_n who_o john_n of_o arckel_n the_o seven_o baron_n of_o that_o race_n lord_n of_o the_o country_n of_o arckel_n cause_v to_o come_v and_o dwell_v behind_o and_o about_o his_o castle_n where_o by_o degree_n he_o build_v a_o good_a town_n the_o which_o he_o wall_v in_o about_o the_o year_n 1230._o and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v retain_v their_o name_n of_o gorrikens_n he_o call_v this_o town_n gorrichom_n as_o much_o to_o say_v hom_n or_o hâ—ym_v in_o old_a time_n signify_v a_o house_n or_o abode_n as_o the_o dwell_n of_o these_o gorriken_n there_o be_v in_o this_o town_n a_o great_a market_n of_o fish_n foul_a and_o all_o other_o provision_n needful_a for_o the_o life_n of_o man_n whereof_o they_o make_v a_o great_a trade_n as_o well_o into_o brabant_n as_o other_o place_n which_o do_v much_o enrich_z the_o town_n for_o the_o burgher_n themselves_o be_v both_o merchant_n mariner_n and_o factor_n one_o man_n alone_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o three_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a steeple_n you_o may_v see_v in_o a_o clear_a day_n two_o and_o twenty_o wall_a town_n beside_o bourrough_n and_o village_n which_o be_v very_o many_o be_v a_o pleasant_a sight_n to_o behold_v near_o unto_o it_o be_v the_o champion_n country_n where_o as_o they_o say_v hercules_n alemanicus_n do_v camp_n whereupon_o they_o call_v all_o that_o quarter_v the_o country_n of_o hercules_n the_o which_o the_o common_a people_n do_v afterward_o term_n herkel_n and_o from_o that_o to_o arkel_n when_o the_o say_a town_n be_v obscure_v by_o the_o house_n of_o arkel_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a war_n which_o their_o lord_n make_v against_o the_o earl_n of_o holland_n charlesâ—uke_n â—uke_z of_o bourgongne_n cause_v a_o goodly_a castle_n to_o be_v build_v there_o upon_o the_o river_n nee_n â—_o unto_o the_o port_n of_o doâ—dâ—ect_n the_o which_o since_o these_o last_o trouble_n have_v be_v raze_v and_o fortify_v after_o a_o other_o manner_n so_o as_o there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o a_o place_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o custom_n it_o be_v so_o fortify_v with_o twelve_o bulwark_n beside_o half_a moon_n and_o counterscarp_n without_o it_o together_o with_o that_o abundance_n of_o water_n as_o one_o will_v say_v it_o be_v impregnable_a it_o be_v make_v half_o big_a than_o it_o be_v twenty_o year_n since_o the_o river_n of_o linghen_n run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o be_v always_o full_a of_o ship_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o meruve_n and_o mingle_v itself_o with_o the_o river_n of_o wahal_n and_o mouse_n all_o which_o together_o pass_v before_o dordrecht_n rotterdam_n delfshaven_n schiedam_n and_o the_o briele_n where_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o british_a sea_n master_n john_n harry_n chanoine_n of_o the_o chapel_n at_o the_o hage_n in_o holland_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o town_n he_o be_v so_o great_a a_o lover_n of_o pity_n virtue_n and_o learning_n as_o during_o his_o life_n he_o seek_v out_o with_o great_a care_n diligence_n and_o cost_n all_o book_n in_o all_o language_n and_o faculty_n when_o he_o come_v to_o reside_v at_o the_o hage_n he_o bring_v so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o book_n with_o he_o as_o the_o people_n think_v there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o holland_n wherewith_o he_o make_v a_o goodly_a library_n the_o which_o he_o do_v augment_v with_o great_a care_n even_o to_o his_o die_a day_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1â—32_n where_o of_o he_o make_v the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o â—rt_n his_o heir_n worcom_n although_o this_o town_n be_v out_o of_o the_o limitâ—s_n of_o the_o county_n of_o holland_n beyond_o the_o river_n of_o wahal_n on_o brabant_n side_n right_a against_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o lovestein_n have_v a_o little_a low_o on_o the_o other_o bank_n the_o town_n of_o gorchom_n the_o which_o in_o ancient_a time_n do_v belong_v unto_o the_o earl_n of_o horn_n which_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n do_v confiscate_v and_o since_o it_o be_v quite_o burn_v but_o the_o estate_n of_o holland_n have_v seize_v thereon_o and_o fortify_v it_o with_o good_a rampart_v bulwark_n and_o ditch_n it_o have_v be_v new_o build_v and_o be_v make_v a_o fair_a town_n where_o the_o estate_n do_v entertain_v a_o ordinary_a garrison_n with_o a_o captain_n superintendent_n of_o late_a year_n the_o estate_n to_o cut_v of_o all_o controversy_n touch_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a town_n agree_v with_o the_o lady_n walburge_n countess_n of_o moeurs_fw-fr and_o nyeuwenaert_n widow_n to_o philip_n of_o montmorency_n the_o last_o earl_n of_o horn_n who_o sell_v they_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o say_a town_n with_o the_o castle_n and_o territory_n of_o altena_n not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n all_o drown_v but_o now_o it_o be_v a_o country_n full_a of_o good_a pasture_n so_o these_o two_o piece_n of_o worcom_n and_o altena_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o county_n of_o holland_n wherewith_o it_o be_v so_o much_o augment_v there_o be_v a_o other_o worcum_n in_o friesland_n upon_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o hindelopen_fw-la the_o which_o have_v the_o title_n and_o privilege_n of_o a_o town_n although_o it_o be_v but_o a_o boroughe_n without_o any_o wall_n but_o it_o be_v great_a and_o almost_o three_o thousand_o pace_n long_o heusden_n be_v a_o reasonable_a fair_a town_n and_o well_o build_v situate_v on_o brabant_n side_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o wahall_n with_o a_o goodly_a castle_n where_o the_o governor_n do_v reside_v the_o last_o of_o which_o be_v floris_n of_o brederode_n siegnior_n of_o cloetinge_v brother_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o brederode_n last_o decease_v who_o leave_v one_o son_n the_o only_a heir_n of_o all_o the_o house_n of_o brederode_n the_o siegnior_n of_o locren_n command_v there_o now_o for_o the_o estate_n it_o be_v long_o under_o a_o private_a lord_n they_o of_o brabant_n pretend_v it_o to_o be_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n but_o holland_n have_v hold_v it_o unto_o this_o day_n it_o have_v a_o large_a command_n leerdam_n this_o town_n be_v small_a yet_o wall_v in_o stand_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o lingen_n it_o have_v be_v so_o often_o ruin_v in_o the_o old_a war_n as_o they_o have_v have_v no_o great_a care_n to_o repair_v it_o so_o as_o it_o be_v of_o small_a moment_n it_o belong_v to_o philip_n of_o nassaw_n now_o prince_n of_o orange_n earl_n of_o buren_n and_o have_v a_o castle_n which_o be_v still_o maintain_v henclom_n henclom_o be_v a_o town_n seat_v also_o upon_o the_o river_n of_o lingen_n opposite_a to_o leerdam_n it_o be_v a_o little_a town_n and_o very_a ancient_a but_o go_v to_o decay_v it_o have_v a_o old_a castle_n which_o they_o say_v be_v build_v by_o hercules_n alemanicus_n but_o god_n best_a know_v how_o true_a it_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o this_o little_a town_n be_v descend_v from_o otto_n the_o young_a son_n to_o john_n the_o eight_o lord_n of_o arkel_n who_o give_v he_o this_o siegneurie_n in_o his_o life_n time_n asperen_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o same_o river_n of_o lingen_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v lyeven_v that_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o love_n for_o that_o the_o stream_n run_v so_o gentle_o in_o
retain_v unto_o this_o day_n the_o trade_n of_o many_o great_a ship_n which_o arrive_v there_o daily_a laiden_n with_o diverse_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v transport_v into_o the_o other_o province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o except_o salt_n come_v from_o spain_n france_n and_o other_o place_n the_o which_o remain_v there_o to_o be_v refine_v for_o the_o which_o there_o be_v many_o salt-panne_n '_o build_v along_o and_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o dyke_n where_o it_o be_v boil_a and_o make_v white_a and_o then_o they_o lade_v it_o and_o transport_v it_o to_o other_o place_n and_o although_o that_o new_a arnemuyden_n be_v not_o wall_v in_o until_o the_o year_n 1572._o yet_o have_v it_o be_v hold_v of_o all_o foreign_a nation_n for_o a_o town_n of_o good_a esteem_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o navigation_n and_o traffic_n for_o which_o respect_n the_o earl_n of_o holland_n and_o zeeland_n do_v in_o old_a time_n establish_v their_o toll_v and_o custom_n due_a unto_o the_o county_n of_o zeeland_n this_o town_n have_v always_o enjoy_v the_o like_a privilege_n with_o the_o town_n of_o middlebourg_n as_o bourgeses_n and_o subject_n thereof_o until_o the_o year_n 1572._o that_o they_o follow_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n party_n soon_o after_o the_o spaniard_n surprise_v it_o spoil_v it_o slay_v some_o and_o the_o rest_n flee_v wander_v up_o and_o down_o until_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1574._o the_o town_n of_o middelbourg_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v unto_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n arnemuyden_n be_v also_o comprehend_v in_o the_o accord_n so_o as_o the_o i_o will_v of_o walchren_n be_v then_o free_v every_o man_n return_v to_o his_o house_n so_o as_o by_o little_a and_o little_a the_o town_n be_v fortefied_a as_o you_o see_v it_o at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o reedefy_v whereof_o the_o prince_n give_v it_o goodly_a privilege_n and_o freedom_n be_v exempt_a from_o the_o subjection_n of_o vasselage_n be_v subject_a to_o middelbourg_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o contract_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v wall_v and_o ditcht_v he_o give_v they_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n that_o belong_v to_o a_o good_a town_n govern_v by_o their_o own_o magistrate_n bailiff_n bourguemaster_n alderman_n and_o other_o officer_n which_o they_o of_o middelbourg_n be_v accustom_v to_o choose_v but_o now_o they_o dispose_v of_o all_o matter_n concern_v justice_n and_o government_n themselves_o the_o town_n of_o arnemuyden_n have_v for_o many_o year_n a_o particular_a lord_n carrying_z the_o title_n of_o siegnior_n of_o arnemuyden_n the_o last_o be_v call_v gyles_n of_o arnemuyden_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1418._o be_v make_v knight_n and_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o wolphart_n van_fw-mi borsselle_n by_o who_o he_o have_v two_o daughter_n the_o one_o mary_n the_o other_o marguerite_n of_o arnemuyden_n mary_n marry_v with_o nichâ—las_n of_o borssele_n siegnior_n of_o brigdame_n coudekerke_n soeteland_n and_o saint_n laurence_n from_o who_o be_v issue_v the_o house_n of_o la_fw-fr vere_n marguerite_n marry_v william_n of_o vriese_n siegnior_n of_o oosteinde_n from_o whence_o be_v descend_v the_o house_n of_o trasigny_n and_o as_o the_o say_v giles_n be_v the_o last_o lord_n which_o carry_v that_o name_n his_o house_n fall_v to_o the_o distaff_n those_o of_o this_o town_n for_o the_o love_n of_o he_o carry_v his_o arm_n in_o their_o seal_n and_o armoury_n which_o they_o use_v to_o bear_v and_o they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n two_o eagle_n or_o in_o a_o field_n geules_n arm_v and_o encompass_v with_o azure_a and_o in_o the_o midst_n a_o sandhill_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n dombourg_n although_o this_o be_v but_o a_o open_a place_n which_o be_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o cover_v with_o sand_n notwithstanding_o all_o remedy_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o wind_n drive_v the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o down_n which_o cover_v their_o garden_n and_o pasture_n yet_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o walchren_n whereof_o there_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v some_o old_a ruin_n of_o wall_n it_o retain_v still_o the_o ancient_a privilege_n &_o municipal_a right_n as_o the_o best_a town_n of_o the_o say_a island_n west_n cappelle_fw-fr this_o place_n bourg_n or_o village_n howsoever_o you_o will_v call_v it_o do_v enjoy_v the_o like_a privilege_n of_o other_o town_n for_o that_o the_o ancient_a west_n cappelle_fw-fr which_o stand_v in_o the_o same_o place_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v a_o good_a town_n and_o have_v the_o best_a port_n in_o all_o the_o island_n of_o walchren_n which_o about_o 150._o year_n since_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o as_o there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o what_o we_o see_v of_o the_o old_a building_n have_v notwithstanding_o be_v enlarge_v with_o new_a house_n within_o these_o thirty_o year_n the_o which_o make_v it_o more_o commendable_a soeteland_n be_v yet_o at_o this_o day_n a_o good_a place_n so_o term_v as_o a_o sweet_a country_n and_o so_o it_o be_v the_o sweet_a soil_n and_o the_o best_a seat_n in_o all_o the_o island_n which_o make_v the_o merchant_n of_o middelbourg_n and_o flissinghe_a to_o walk_v thither_o whereas_o after_o they_o have_v recreate_v themselves_o they_o return_v at_o night_n to_o their_o house_n there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o island_n many_o goodly_a village_n as_o oo_v and_o west_n suybourg_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o league_n one_o from_o the_o other_o betwixt_o flissinghe_a and_o middelbourg_n at_o west_n suybourg_n there_o be_v a_o good_a castle_n the_o which_o with_o the_o village_n do_v now_o belong_v unto_o the_o heir_n of_o phillippe_n the_o marnix_n siegnior_n of_o saint_n aldegonde_n the_o light_n of_o learned_a man_n of_o our_o age_n in_o which_o castle_n the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o remain_v until_o the_o wind_n proon_v fair_a to_o embark_v to_o make_v his_o last_o return_n into_o spain_n but_o we_o may_v not_o forget_v the_o important_a castle_n of_o rammeken_n otherwise_o call_v zeebourg_n which_o about_o 60._o year_n since_o the_o lady_n mary_n queen_n of_o hungary_n sister_n to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o 5._o governess_n of_o the_o netherlands_n cause_v to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o dyke_n betwixt_o middelbourg_n &_o flissing_n serve_v as_o a_o bulwark_n for_o all_o ship_n that_o be_v force_v for_o want_n of_o a_o good_a wind_n to_o come_v and_o anchor_n in_o the_o road_n this_o castle_n be_v always_o well_o man_v with_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o a_o place_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o be_v entertain_v and_o well_o keep_v as_o any_o other_o in_o all_o the_o unite_a province_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n desire_v to_o have_v it_o with_o the_o town_n of_o flissinghe_a and_o bryele_n for_o caution_n of_o the_o money_n which_o she_o do_v lend_v unto_o the_o unite_a estate_n some_o twenty_o year_n since_o schowen_v in_o latin_a call_v schaldia_n a_o flvuio_n schaldi_n of_o the_o river_n of_o escault_n in_o old_a time_n a_o great_a island_n but_o the_o tempest_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v wonderful_o dyminish_v it_o it_o have_v yet_o at_o this_o day_n above_o eight_o league_n in_o circuit_n and_o it_o be_v in_o those_o day_n so_o never_o unto_o the_o island_n of_o north-bevelandt_a as_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v talk_v together_o from_o one_o bank_n unto_o the_o other_o whereas_o since_o there_o have_v be_v a_o great_a distance_n but_o within_o these_o twelve_o year_n that_o the_o say_a island_n of_o north-bevelandt_a have_v be_v recover_v they_o be_v neeâ—er_o this_o island_n be_v as_o fertile_a and_o plentiful_a of_o all_o thing_n as_o any_o other_o in_o zeeland_n and_o therefore_o it_o hold_v the_o second_o rank_n at_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o say_a province_n in_o the_o which_o the_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o the_o east_n of_o zeeland_n do_v common_o reside_v who_o they_o call_v the_o receiver_n of_o beâ—osterghelt_n who_o have_v all_o power_n of_o cryminall_a cause_n in_o that_o quarter_n the_o chief_a town_n whereof_o be_v ziriczee_n this_o town_n be_v hold_v for_o the_o first_o and_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o county_n of_o zeeland_n and_o as_o some_o say_v it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o the_o netherlands_o that_o it_o be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 849._o by_o one_o call_v zyringus_n who_o name_n it_o carry_v in_o ancient_a time_n very_o famous_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n whereunto_o it_o be_v very_o commodious_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o goodly_a port_n which_o the_o merchant_n do_v usual_o frequent_a but_o the_o sand_n have_v in_o tract_n of_o time_n stop_v up_o the_o haven_n it_o be_v now_o less_o frequent_v within_o these_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o year_n the_o townsman_n have_v make_v a_o new_a
house_n decline_v as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o holland_n amersfort_n this_o town_n be_v in_o old_a time_n build_v at_o twice_o for_o there_o be_v a_o little_a town_n all_o wall_a about_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o a_o other_o great_a the_o which_o at_o this_o present_a be_v very_o strong_a with_o rampart_v and_o bulwark_n flank_v one_o a_o other_o and_o large_a ditch_n it_o be_v three_o league_n from_o vtrecht_n stand_v upon_o a_o little_a river_n which_o they_o call_v do._n it_o have_v be_v often_o take_v and_o retake_v by_o the_o geldrois_fw-mi the_o last_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1543._o when_o as_o martin_n van_fw-mi rossen_n martial_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o geldres_n army_n take_v it_o by_o force_n but_o he_o sudden_o yield_v it_o again_o according_a to_o the_o accord_n make_v in_o the_o town_n of_o venlo_n betwixt_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o say_a duke_n to_o speak_v the_o truth_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a and_o a_o good_a town_n well_o people_v for_o a_o land_n town_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v courteous_a and_o of_o good_a conversation_n among_o the_o which_o there_o be_v many_o learned_a man_n and_o lover_n of_o music_n who_o in_o certain_a day_n of_o the_o week_n meet_v together_o in_o honest_a company_n to_o make_v music_n for_o the_o which_o they_o have_v certain_a garden_n and_o fair_a chamber_n of_o the_o swear_a company_n as_o pleasant_a in_o summer_n as_o can_v be_v see_v in_o any_o place_n whersoever_o and_o in_o winter_n they_o make_v choice_n of_o some_o of_o their_o house_n master_n john_n fouck_n provost_n of_o our_o lady_n church_n in_o vtrecht_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o town_n he_o be_v honour_v with_o other_o degree_n and_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n a_o learned_a and_o virtuous_a man_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v call_v by_o the_o king_n into_o spain_n and_o there_o make_v precedent_n of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o netherlands_o for_o the_o affair_n of_o flanders_n in_o this_o town_n be_v also_o bear_v that_o great_a personage_n john_n of_o oldenbarnevelt_fw-mi knight_n siegnior_n of_o tempel_n and_o groeneuclt_n first_o councillor_n and_o advocate_n for_o the_o county_n of_o holland_n and_o west-frisland_n a_o man_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o experience_n upon_o who_o the_o affair_n of_o estate_n do_v chief_o depend_v not_o only_o for_o the_o say_a county_n but_o also_o of_o the_o general_a estate_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n which_o remain_v not_o at_o the_o hage_n in_o holland_n rhenen_n so_o call_v for_o that_o it_o be_v situate_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o rhine_n five_o good_a league_n from_o vtrecht_n &_o as_o much_o from_o arnhem_n in_o geldres_n whereas_o they_o do_v most_o common_o dine_v go_v or_o come_v from_o one_o of_o these_o two_o town_n unto_o the_o other_o which_o be_v a_o great_a passage_n towards_o deventer_n zutphen_n doesbourg_n and_o other_o place_n as_o well_o in_o geldres_n as_o cleves_n or_o to_o cologne_n or_o any_o place_n where_o they_o please_v in_o germany_n this_o town_n have_v towards_o vtrecht_n a_o large_a country_n the_o soil_n whereof_o be_v fit_a to_o make_v turf_n to_o burn_v but_o not_o so_o good_a and_o durable_a neither_o make_v they_o so_o good_a a_o coal_n as_o those_o of_o holland_n and_o a_o league_n from_o thence_o there_o have_v be_v within_o these_o 60._o year_n a_o village_n build_v more_o for_o the_o make_n of_o these_o turf_n then_o for_o any_o other_o reason_n there_o remain_v yet_o some_o form_n of_o a_o castle_n in_o this_o town_n the_o which_o be_v little_a and_o of_o small_a importance_n if_o this_o great_a passage_n be_v not_o which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v frequent_v it_o consist_v most_o of_o inn_n and_o tavern_n it_o have_v also_o suffer_v much_o during_o the_o war_n against_o the_o geldrois_fw-fr montfort_n this_o town_n have_v a_o particular_a lord_n at_o this_o day_n who_o writ_n himself_o vicont_n of_o montfort_n it_o stand_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o yssel_n a_o league_n in_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o town_n of_o woorden_n oudewater_n &_o iselsteyn_n the_o place_n be_v little_a but_o strong_a found_v by_o godfrey_n of_o rhenen_n bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n to_o serve_v as_o a_o bar_n &_o fronter_v against_o holland_n who_o do_v also_o build_v against_o the_o geldrois_fw-mi the_o castle_n of_o horst_n against_o the_o traiectin_n the_o town_n of_o woerden_n and_o against_o the_o frison_n vollenhoven_v in_o the_o country_n of_o oueryssel_n the_o which_o appear_v sufficient_o by_o his_o epitaph_n godefride_n tui_fw-la rhenanam_fw-la providus_fw-la arcem_fw-la donasti_fw-la iuris_fw-la aereque_fw-la mox_fw-la proprio_fw-la quatuor_fw-la en_fw-fr patriae_fw-la largus_fw-la munimina_fw-la nostrae_fw-la horst_n woerd_n et_fw-fr monfort_n construis_fw-la et_fw-la volenhoe_n wise_a godfrey_n first_o with_o rhenen_n do_v enlarge_v our_o state_n and_o then_o at_o his_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n he_o montfort_n venlo_n horst_n and_o woerdt_n do_v rear_v the_o four_o chief_a fort_n that_o keep_v our_o foe_n in_o fear_n lambertus_n hortensius_n a_o learned_a man_n who_o have_v compose_v many_o good_a book_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o twine_a of_o the_o estate_n of_o vtrecht_n in_o general_a the_o bishopric_n and_o estate_n of_o vtrecht_n be_v in_o former_a time_n very_o great_a and_o powerful_a the_o which_o charles_n the_o bald_a king_n of_o france_n do_v with_o the_o temporalty_n make_v a_o earldom_n whereupon_o there_o grow_v great_a and_o long_a war_n betwixt_o the_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n &_o the_o earl_n of_o holland_n for_o that_o the_o bishop_n seek_v to_o recover_v by_o favour_n of_o the_o emperor_n all_o their_o ancient_a demein_n grant_v unto_o they_o by_o dagobert_n and_o charles_n the_o bald_a and_o the_o earl_n of_o holland_n seek_v to_o maintain_v yea_o to_o augment_v that_o which_o have_v be_v new_o give_v they_o be_v support_v by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n i_o say_v that_o this_o estate_n be_v in_o old_a time_n so_o great_a and_o their_o territory_n so_o large_a as_o aeneas_n siluius_n otherwise_o call_v pope_n pius_n the_o 2._o do_v write_v as_o the_o bishop_n or_o prince_n thereof_o may_v at_o need_n put_v 40000._o arm_a man_n of_o his_o own_o natural_a subject_n to_o field_n and_o although_o they_o have_v continual_a war_n against_o their_o neighbour_n whereof_o they_o themselves_o be_v ever_o the_o first_o motive_n as_o the_o hollander_n frison_n and_o geldrois_n yet_o they_o make_v head_n against_o they_o all_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v as_o appear_v by_o godfrey_n of_o rhenen_n but_o in_o the_o latter_a age_n charles_n of_o egmond_n duke_n of_o geldres_n a_o proud_a prince_n warlike_a and_o fierce_a make_v such_o sharp_a war_n against_o the_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n as_o he_o reduce_v they_o to_o great_a extremity_n &_o especial_o henry_n of_o bavaria_n brother_n the_o the_o cont_n palatin_n of_o rhine_n from_o who_o he_o take_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o siegneury_n as_o well_o of_o the_o high_a as_o the_o low_a diocese_n moreover_o the_o citizen_n of_o vtrecht_n be_v grow_v so_o proud_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o freedom_n and_o previledge_n and_o so_o insolent_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o wealth_n as_o they_o grow_v into_o faction_n among_o themselves_o cause_v many_o disorder_n in_o their_o town_n and_o attempt_v against_o their_o bishop_n they_o do_v often_o revolt_v against_o they_o &_o if_o they_o be_v not_o choose_v according_a to_o their_o humour_n they_o will_v not_o accept_v they_o but_o do_v they_o a_o thousand_o indignity_n yea_o kill_a their_o officer_n &_o take_v some_o prisoner_n before_o their_o face_n not_o without_o danger_n to_o the_o bishop_n own_o person_n who_o be_v force_v to_o escape_v their_o fury_n to_o fly_v to_o his_o castle_n of_o wyok_n or_o horst_n the_o last_o revolt_n and_o affront_v which_o they_o do_v unto_o their_o prince_n and_o bishop_n be_v unto_o the_o above_o name_n henry_n of_o bavaria_n who_o have_v enjoy_v this_o dignity_n four_o year_n be_v incense_v against_o he_o have_v be_v one_o day_n abroad_o in_o the_o country_n and_o return_v home_o at_o night_n they_o shut_v the_o gate_n against_o he_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o town_n and_o which_o be_v worse_a soon_o after_o they_o receive_v martin_n van_fw-mi rossen_n martial_n of_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o geldres_n into_o the_o town_n with_o a_o garrison_n of_o geldrois_n who_o from_o thence_o do_v wonderful_o annoy_v the_o hollander_n and_o at_o one_o time_n make_v a_o incursion_n as_o far_o as_o the_o hage_n the_o which_o they_o spoil_v and_o retire_v safe_o with_o their_o booty_n to_o vtrecht_n bishop_n henry_n see_v himself_o thus_o brave_v by_o the_o geldrois_fw-mi and_o by_o his_o own_o subject_n resolve_v to_o cast_v himself_o into_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o and_o to_o transport_v unto_o he_o all_o that_o
succeed_v he_o name_v william_n the_o first_o who_o have_v dibauldi_n dibauld_n have_v william_n the_o second_o who_o have_v elim_n he_o die_v without_o heir_n male_a and_o in_o he_o fail_v the_o line_n of_o this_o thierry_n have_v before_o his_o death_n adopt_v beroald_n be_v but_o seven_o year_n old_a the_o son_n of_o richold_n the_o second_o of_o that_o name_n the_o three_o king_n of_o friesland_n so_o as_o all_o these_o duke_n of_o west-frisland_n successive_o reign_v two_o hundred_o thirty_o three_o year_n five_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o elim_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n five_o hundred_o thirty_o three_o beroald_v after_o the_o death_n of_o richold_n his_o father_n do_v inherit_v the_o realm_n of_o east_n friesland_n thus_o be_v the_o two_o frisland_n unite_v together_o the_o which_o beroald_v enjoy_v sixty_o year_n whereof_o he_o be_v afterward_o deprive_v and_o of_o his_o life_n also_o by_o clotaire_n the_o second_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o france_n father_n to_o dagobert_n notwithstanding_o adgill_n the_o second_o succeed_v he_o and_o after_o he_o gombauld_n then_o radbod_v the_o second_o who_o charlemaigne_n vanquish_v and_o free_v the_o frison_n from_o the_o yoke_n of_o king_n restore_v they_o to_o their_o liberty_n to_o who_o he_o give_v goodly_a privilege_n the_o which_o they_o have_v long_o maintain_v with_o the_o prize_n of_o their_o blood_n since_o the_o frison_n be_v long_o under_o a_o aristocratical_a government_n sometime_o under_o potestates_fw-la who_o they_o do_v choose_v themselves_o and_o not_o able_a to_o agree_v upon_o the_o election_n by_o reason_n of_o dangerous_a faction_n the_o earl_n of_o holland_n have_v in_o succession_n of_o time_n and_o long_a war_n seize_v upon_o that_o part_n which_o they_o now_o call_v west-frisland_n and_o waterlandt_n the_o which_o the_o hollander_n will_v have_v but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n can_v endure_v it_o call_v northolland_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o duke_n of_o brunswick_n the_o hans_n town_n of_o breme_n and_o hambourg_n the_o earl_n of_o oldenbourg_n schowenbourg_n and_o embden_n have_v usurp_v much_o of_o east_n friesland_n even_o unto_o the_o territory_n of_o groan_v the_o which_o although_o it_o be_v a_o estate_n &_o territory_n apart_o be_v comprehend_v notwithstanding_o under_o the_o territory_n of_o that_o which_o hereafter_o we_o will_v simple_o call_v friesland_n enclose_v betwixt_o the_o fly_n and_o ems_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o east-frisland_n hold_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o embden_n and_o west-frisland_n annex_v to_o the_o county_n of_o holland_n that_o than_o which_o we_o will_v simple_o call_v friesland_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n frison_n as_o tolomcy_n and_o tacitus_n term_v they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v german_n and_o people_n from_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n who_o pliny_n call_v cauche_n the_o great_a and_o the_o less_o be_v aborigines_n or_o original_o come_v from_o that_o place_n who_o above_o all_o the_o people_n of_o germany_n retain_v their_o ancient_a appellation_n keep_v in_o their_o ancient_a and_o first_o seat_n have_v the_o same_o language_n they_o have_v always_o have_v true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o chief_a town_n they_o use_v the_o dutch-tongue_n but_o in_o the_o champain_n country_n they_o keep_v their_o frison_n language_n which_o the_o gentleman_n take_v pleasure_n to_o entertain_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o antiquity_n although_o i_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o high_a and_o low_a dutch_a tongue_n yet_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o in_o this_o ancient_a frison_n language_n i_o understand_v nothing_o we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o the_o frison_n do_v for_o a_o time_n entertain_v themselves_o under_o faction_n we_o must_v therefore_o relate_v succinct_o the_o begin_n thereof_o which_o be_v that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1390._o there_o do_v rise_v two_o faction_n in_o the_o country_n of_o friesland_n the_o one_o vetcooper_n which_o signify_v in_o their_o vulgar_a tongue_n merchant_n of_o grease_n that_o be_v to_o say_v merchant_n of_o fat_a ox_n which_o they_o hold_v for_o a_o honest_a kind_n of_o merchandise_n and_o of_o schyeringer_n which_o be_v butcher_n and_o seller_n of_o tripe_n which_o be_v a_o base_a kind_n of_o trade_n which_o faction_n they_o say_v come_v from_o east_n and_o west_n friesland_n the_o first_o spring_n and_o begin_v thereof_o be_v that_o all_o these_o merchant_n of_o cattle_n and_o the_o butcher_n be_v together_o at_o a_o public_a banquet_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n there_o be_v a_o guest_n to_o choose_v a_o provost_n a_o dean_n or_o a_o king_n among_o they_o who_o charge_n shall_v be_v to_o look_v that_o no_o disorder_n shall_v be_v commit_v which_o may_v trouble_v the_o company_n there_o be_v among_o they_o of_o either_o of_o these_o two_o company_n one_o that_o exceed_v the_o rest_n and_o both_o equal_a in_o wealth_n in_o respect_n and_o love_n towards_o all_o the_o guest_n who_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o party_n contend_v to_o choose_v their_o dean_n provost_n or_o king_n the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o maintain_v that_o this_o dignity_n &_o authority_n at_o the_o table_n be_v most_o befit_v he_o that_o have_v the_o honest_a trade_n whereupon_o a_o question_n grow_v among_o they_o which_o of_o those_o two_o merchandise_n be_v the_o honest_a the_o one_o prefer_v the_o merchant_n of_o cattle_n the_o other_o the_o butcher_n upon_o which_o dispute_n their_o brain_n be_v her_o with_o wine_n in_o the_o end_n they_o fall_v from_o word_n to_o blow_n one_o against_o a_o other_o party_n against_o party_n every_o one_o with_o his_o ally_n and_o kinsman_n mean_v to_o maintain_v the_o one_o quarrel_n or_o the_o other_o so_o as_o in_o the_o end_n there_o be_v a_o great_a fight_n in_o the_o which_o many_o be_v either_o hurt_n or_o slay_v in_o revenge_v whereof_o either_o party_n hold_v itself_o wrong_v they_o begin_v to_o make_v faction_n and_o to_o bandy_v one_o against_o a_o other_o so_o as_o this_o canker_n eat_v more_o and_o more_o stranger_n who_o have_v no_o interest_n nor_o be_v any_o way_n wrong_v engage_v themselves_o upon_o hope_n of_o booty_n of_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o party_n every_o one_o wrest_v what_o he_o can_v from_o his_o adversary_n without_o either_o law_n or_o justice_n so_o confuse_v be_v thing_n then_o and_o full_a of_o disorder_n but_o such_o as_o they_o make_v by_o the_o sword_n where_o as_o the_o strong_a carry_v it_o the_o fruit_n of_o these_o faction_n be_v such_o as_o they_o not_o only_o rain_v among_o private_a person_n but_o among_o whole_a fam_fw-la lie_v village_n bourroug_n and_o town_n yea_o among_o whole_a province_n so_o as_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v full_a of_o theft_n and_o murder_n and_o no_o man_n be_v free_a from_o their_o insolency_n in_o like_a manner_n about_o that_o time_n holland_n be_v afflict_v with_o the_o faction_n of_o hoeck_n and_o cabillaux_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o hameson_n and_o the_o merlus_n whereof_o we_o have_v make_v mention_n heretofore_o which_o be_v that_o the_o one_o party_n as_o the_o merlus_n or_o cod_n be_v fish_n which_o prey_n do_v threaten_v to_o devower_v the_o other_o and_o they_o of_o the_o hameson_n do_v threaten_v to_o take_v the_o other_o by_o the_o throat_n which_o to_o speak_v truth_n be_v quarrel_n scarce_o fit_a for_o child_n and_o at_o that_o time_n be_v the_o faction_n of_o gelphe_n &_o gibelin_n in_o italy_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_v cap_n in_o flanders_n &_o of_o those_o of_o the_o star_n in_o france_n all_o which_o be_v faction_n raise_v from_o the_o devil_n this_o mischief_n proceed_v so_o far_o in_o friesland_n as_o from_o the_o less_o it_o come_v to_o the_o great_a and_o from_o merchant_n and_o burgher_n to_o the_o nobility_n and_o clergy_n the_o gentleman_n ruine_v the_o house_n &_o castle_n one_o of_o a_o other_o and_o the_o abbot_n and_o monk_n do_v all_o the_o mischief_n they_o can_v one_o unto_o a_o other_o so_o as_o to_o appease_v these_o faction_n and_o to_o reconcile_v the_o nobleman_n the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o first_o send_v otto_n van_fw-mi langen_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o choose_v a_o potestat_fw-mi among_o they_o which_o shall_v govern_v the_o country_n according_a to_o their_o previledge_n under_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o their_o spleen_n be_v so_o great_a as_o every_o one_o seek_v to_o choose_v one_o of_o their_o faction_n the_o say_a commissioner_n prevail_v nothing_o but_o return_v as_o he_o come_v so_o as_o the_o emperor_n to_o force_v they_o to_o a_o accord_n take_v occasion_n to_o give_v the_o government_n hereditary_a of_o all_o friesland_n and_o groan_v to_o the_o house_n of_o saxony_n to_o hold_v it_o in_o fee_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o the_o attain_v whereof_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n have_v spend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o mean_n with_o
small_a profit_n find_v this_o people_n so_o impatient_a of_o a_o stranger_n yoke_n in_o the_o end_n duke_n george_n resign_v all_o his_o interest_n unto_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o who_o enjoy_v it_o quiet_o as_o his_o son_n philip_n king_n of_o spain_n also_o do_v till_o within_o these_o thirty_o year_n that_o they_o free_v themselves_o by_o their_o adiunction_n unto_o the_o general_a union_n of_o the_o confederate_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o thus_o much_o we_o have_v think_v good_a to_o speak_v of_o the_o beginning_n and_o estate_n of_o friesland_n in_o general_a now_o we_o will_v describe_v the_o town_n in_o particular_a leewarden_n be_v at_o this_o day_n as_o in_o old_a time_n staveren_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o friesland_n situate_v almost_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o country_n call_v in_o ancient_a time_n during_o the_o paganisine_n aula_n dei_fw-la and_o in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n godt_v hoff_n that_o it_o to_o say_v the_o court_n of_o god_n in_o the_o which_o be_v a_o college_n or_o school_n for_o the_o druid_n philosopher_n and_o wise_a man_n of_o that_o time_n which_o be_v come_v out_o of_o france_n to_o plant_v their_o college_n there_o in_o witness_v whereof_o there_o be_v yet_o in_o this_o town_n two_o temple_n the_o one_o name_v the_o ancient_a court_n the_o other_o the_o new_a whereof_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o country_n be_v in_o former_a time_n call_v hovelingen_n that_o be_v to_o say_v courtier_n for_o that_o they_o be_v constitute_v public_a defender_n of_o this_o house_n of_o god_n teach_v by_o the_o druid_n and_o in_o truth_n this_o town_n have_v more_o gentleman_n in_o it_o than_o any_o other_o in_o friesland_n of_o this_o school_n of_o the_o druid_n synard_n the_o wise_a a_o divine_a and_o councillor_n to_o radbod_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o frison_n be_v rector_n who_o he_o counsel_v to_o persecute_v the_o christian_n he_o censure_v and_o cause_v tully_n book_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o god_n to_o be_v burn_v condemn_v they_o as_o full_a of_o error_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n which_o they_o teach_v of_o the_o false_a god_n of_o the_o gentill_n this_o town_n in_o process_n of_o time_n have_v take_v the_o name_n of_o leewarden_n and_o the_o country_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_n religion_n this_o school_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v change_v into_o a_o cloister_n of_o nun_n by_o vboalt_n in_o the_o year_n 1233._o the_o which_o dodo_n the_o four_o abbot_n of_o fleurencamp_v will_v have_v also_o call_v aulam_fw-la dei_fw-la for_o that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o memory_n of_o that_o name_n lose_v but_o in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n it_o hatth_v be_v call_v nyen-cloost_a that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o new_a cloister_n they_o of_o leewarden_n have_v always_o continue_v as_o it_o appear_v by_o all_o ancient_a and_o modern_a writer_n and_o entertain_v their_o school_n in_o good_a learning_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o friesland_n until_o that_o within_o these_o 20._o year_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o province_n have_v erect_v a_o university_n in_o the_o town_n of_o franiker_n two_o league_n from_o thence_o for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o which_o school_n as_o at_o this_o present_a of_o the_o university_n and_o of_o the_o learned_a professor_n which_o be_v there_o in_o all_o faculty_n the_o magistrate_n of_o leuwarden_n have_v never_o spare_v any_o charge_n in_o this_o town_n be_v the_o court_n of_o parliament_n for_o all_o friesland_n which_o do_v determine_v of_o all_o cause_n both_o criminal_a and_o civil_a whether_o all_o cause_n come_v and_o be_v to_o be_v decide_v according_a to_o the_o sincerity_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n the_o which_o be_v observe_v there_o with_o the_o like_a purity_n as_o they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n and_o as_o they_o be_v teach_v in_o university_n have_v not_o above_o twenty_o municipal_a law_n or_o custom_n derogate_a from_o the_o write_a law_n all_o proceed_n and_o other_o public_a act_n be_v make_v in_o the_o dutch_a tongue_n their_o stile_n of_o writing_n and_o the_o form_n of_o their_o letter_n and_o character_n as_o well_o print_v as_o write_v be_v as_o pure_a and_o neat_a as_o in_o any_o other_o court_v of_o brabant_n flanders_n holland_n vtrecht_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o netherlands_o so_o as_o the_o natural_a frison_n as_o also_o the_o brabansons_n hollander_n fleming_n and_o other_o dutche_n may_v easy_o execute_v all_o office_n of_o magistrate_n secretary_n and_o notary_n as_o well_o in_o one_o country_n as_o in_o a_o other_o depend_v upon_o writing_n be_v it_o of_o justice_n policy_n account_n treasure_n or_o otherwise_o this_o town_n of_o leuwarden_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o quarter_n of_o ostergoe_v be_v great_a and_o spacious_a and_o contain_v in_o circuit_n near_o half_a a_o french_a league_n the_o street_n be_v fair_a large_a and_o straight_o in_o the_o which_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o leave_v any_o filthiness_n every_o house_n have_v a_o boat_n into_o the_o which_o they_o cast_v it_o the_o which_o be_v full_a they_o transport_v it_o by_o bark_n into_o the_o field_n the_o town_n be_v so_o divide_v by_o navigable_a channel_n whereon_o there_o be_v many_o bridge_n to_o serve_v as_o well_o for_o the_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n as_o for_o other_o commodity_n so_o as_o most_o house_n may_v bring_v their_o provision_n up_o to_o their_o door_n or_o not_o far_o from_o they_o the_o which_o do_v also_o serve_v great_o for_o the_o cleanse_n of_o the_o street_n the_o rain_n wash_v away_o all_o the_o filth_n if_o any_o remain_v in_o the_o street_n into_o the_o channel_n the_o air_n be_v clear_a but_o somewhat_o brackish_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v never_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o do_v not_o light_o engender_v any_o putrefaction_n neither_o be_v it_o often_o infect_a with_o any_o contagious_a disease_n it_o stand_v in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a country_n full_a of_o goodly_a meadow_n even_o unto_o the_o towne-ditche_n be_v a_o pleasant_a sight_n on_o sunday_n and_o festival_n day_n to_o behold_v the_o burgher_n walk_v and_o sup_v upon_o the_o green_a grass_n by_o troop_n it_o have_v also_o many_o pleasant_a village_n round_o about_o the_o town_n which_o seem_v as_o walk_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o situation_n be_v as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o friesland_n so_o as_o on_o a_o summer_n day_n they_o may_v go_v either_o in_o waggon_n or_o horseback_n or_o on_o foot_n on_o which_o side_n they_o please_v either_o to_o ostergoe_v westergoe_v or_o the_o seven_o forest_n out_o of_o the_o country_n where_o they_o have_v good_a mean_n to_o go_v and_o transport_v their_o merchandise_n by_o ship_v either_o great_a or_o small_a in_o regard_n of_o which_o commodity_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o seat_n albertus_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o george_n his_o son_n have_v obtain_v the_o hereditary_a government_n of_o friesland_n from_o maximilian_n the_o emperor_n do_v there_o settle_v the_o parliament_n for_o the_o whole_a province_n which_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o and_o his_o son_n king_n philippe_n have_v since_o allow_v and_o confirm_v moreover_o friesland_n have_v good_a haven_n on_o every_o side_n by_o the_o which_o they_o may_v commodious_o and_o speedy_o bring_v all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n and_o commodity_n unto_o the_o town_n which_o make_v it_o cheap_a lyve_n there_o this_o town_n have_v under_o his_o griteny_n that_o be_v to_o say_v baylewicke_n or_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o call_v leewarderadeel_v seventeen_o good_a village_n depend_v thereon_o for_o in_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o ostergoe_v whereof_o this_o town_n be_v the_o chief_a there_o be_v ten_o griteny_n every_o one_o of_o which_o have_v his_o village_n depend_v thereon_o some_o more_o some_o less_o contain_v alltogither_o one_o hundred_o thirty_o and_o two_o village_n in_o the_o say_v ten_o griteny_n beside_o the_o town_n of_o dockum_n which_o be_v the_o second_o town_n of_o that_o quarter_n of_o ostergoe_v whereof_o we_o will_v present_o speak_v in_o this_o town_n do_v common_o reside_v the_o college_n of_o deputy_n for_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n consist_v of_o the_o nobility_n and_o town_n which_o govern_v the_o whole_a estate_n as_o well_o for_o matter_n of_o policy_n and_o war_n as_o for_o religion_n who_o with_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o griteny_n dispose_v of_o all_o estate_n and_o office_n both_o of_o justice_n treasure_n and_o demain_v as_o also_o of_o captain_n place_n and_o other_o concern_v the_o war_n and_o the_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n there_o be_v also_o the_o mint_n for_o money_n for_o the_o whole_a country_n both_o for_o gold_n and_o silver_n according_a to_o the_o order_n which_o the_o deputy_n for_o the_o estate_n shall_v fetch_v down_o
unto_o the_o port_n and_o not_o far_o from_o it_o whereas_o a_o great_a number_n of_o ship_n may_v lie_v safe_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o town_n that_o be_v enlarge_v be_v fortify_v with_o good_a rampart_v and_o bulwark_n there_o be_v two_o channel_n which_o come_v from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o old_a haven_n pass_v through_o the_o town_n whereof_o the_o one_o go_v to_o franiker_n a_o league_n from_o thence_o from_o whence_o at_o all_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n boat_n do_v go_v with_o passenger_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n this_o town_n be_v thus_o situate_v upon_o the_o sea_n have_v the_o best_a haven_n and_o near_a unto_o the_o sea_n of_o any_o other_o in_o all_o friesland_n where_o they_o be_v rich_a merchant_n who_o beside_o their_o ordinary_a trade_n in_o the_o country_n adventure_v much_o in_o long_a voyage_n for_o the_o which_o they_o make_v goodly_a ship_n sneck_v be_v a_o good_a little_a country_n town_n seat_v in_o a_o plain_a three_o league_n from_o leuwarden_n and_o one_o from_o ilst_n the_o which_o have_v deputy_n also_o at_o the_o estate_n of_o friesland_n heretofore_o it_o have_v goodly_a cloister_n both_o within_o and_o without_o the_o town_n the_o which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v all_o ruin_a and_o apply_v to_o other_o use_n and_o their_o revenue_n employ_v to_o the_o common_a cause_n or_o to_o some_o work_n of_o hospitality_n piety_n or_o school_n it_o be_v honour_v for_o that_o it_o be_v the_o place_n where_o doctor_n hopperus_n be_v bear_v who_o have_v write_v many_o goodly_a work_n with_o great_a credit_n and_o have_v join_v practice_n &_o wisdom_n to_o his_o knowledge_n for_o which_o respect_n he_o be_v first_o of_o the_o prive_a counsel_n for_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n at_o brussels_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v call_v into_o spain_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o tisevach_n precedent_n of_o the_o counsel_n of_o estate_n for_o the_o netherlands_o sloten_n a_o little_a town_n near_o unto_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o zuyderzee_n lie_v on_o the_o south_n part_n upon_o the_o sea_n a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o staveren_n it_o have_v no_o other_o trade_n then_o navigation_n and_o that_o which_o depend_v on_o the_o sea_n ilst_n stand_v upon_o the_o west_n half_o a_o league_n from_o sneeke_n and_o upon_o the_o nortw_a a_o league_n from_o bolswaert_n on_o the_o south_n side_n as_o far_o from_o sloten_n it_o be_v a_o open_a town_n yet_o have_v it_o municipal_a law_n it_o be_v environ_v with_o a_o large_a ditch_n which_o may_v defend_v it_o from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o of_o any_o other_o insolent_a person_n it_o consist_v of_o two_o long_a rank_n of_o fair_a house_n from_o the_o east_n unto_o the_o west_n through_o the_o which_o do_v pass_v a_o channel_n the_o which_o on_o either_o bank_n be_v plant_v with_o high_a tree_n which_o do_v beautify_v the_o town_n there_o be_v but_o one_o parish_n church_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v a_o covent_n of_o carmelites_n be_v ruin_v in_o these_o last_o trouble_n but_o the_o temple_n stand_v still_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o antiquity_n of_o friesland_n that_o in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o sixty_o three_o this_o town_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o country_n famous_a for_o their_o navigation_n and_o traffic_n now_o it_o be_v the_o storehouse_n for_o ship-timber_n for_o such_o vessel_n as_o pass_v from_o one_o place_n unto_o a_o other_o within_o the_o country_n more_o than_o to_o any_o other_o town_n in_o friesland_n albert_n duke_n of_o saxony_n according_a to_o the_o donation_n make_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o first_o of_o the_o hereditary_a government_n of_o friesland_n take_v possession_n of_o that_o town_n as_o the_o whole_a jurisdiction_n of_o westergoe_v and_o moreover_o be_v near_o unto_o that_o of_o the_o seven_o forest_n after_o that_o he_o have_v raze_v the_o siege_n and_o free_v his_o son_n at_o franiker_n he_o become_v in_o a_o manner_n master_n of_o all_o friesland_n worcum_fw-la to_o speak_v true_o be_v but_o a_o good_a bourough_n yet_o have_v it_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o town_n join_v upon_o the_o sea_n enter_v into_o it_o by_o a_o great_a scluse_n which_o pierce_v the_o bank_n a_o league_n from_o bolswaert_n from_o whence_o i_o have_v go_v thither_o both_o by_o water_n and_o by_o land_n it_o have_v also_o a_o channel_n from_o one_o end_n unto_o a_o other_o which_o go_v unto_o the_o say_a scluse_n according_a to_o the_o situation_n it_o be_v a_o place_n which_o have_v good_a mean_n to_o live_v in_o and_o good_a cheap_a it_o be_v govern_v by_o bourguemaister_n and_o alderman_n but_o for_o all_o matter_n of_o justice_n it_o resort_v to_o the_o provincial_a council_n at_o leuwaerden_n hindelopen_fw-la so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o retreat_n of_o the_o wild_a beast_n at_o such_o time_n as_o friesland_n be_v half_a forest_n which_o they_o do_v call_v hinden_n in_o their_o country_n language_n and_o loopen_n which_o be_v to_o run_v which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o the_o course_n and_o recourse_n of_o stag_n and_o hind_n it_o be_v first_o a_o place_n for_o hunt_v then_o by_o a_o little_a and_o a_o little_a make_v a_o village_n and_o the_o sea_n eat_v up_o to_o it_o which_o give_v it_o a_o good_a road_n it_o become_v a_o bourough_n well_o know_v at_o this_o day_n for_o their_o navigation_n which_o be_v the_o people_n chief_a practice_n have_v describe_v the_o two_o principal_a quarter_n of_o friesland_n that_o be_v ostergoe_v and_o westergoe_v with_o their_o town_n we_o must_v now_o speak_v of_o the_o seven_o forest_n this_o quarter_n so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o seven_o forest_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v there_o but_o now_o turn_v for_o the_o most_o part_n into_o pasture_n and_o land_n for_o tillage_n which_o make_v the_o three_o quarter_n of_o friesland_n consist_v of_o eight_o greteny_n or_o baylywick_n all_o which_o together_o have_v seventy_o five_o village_n among_o the_o which_o there_o be_v good_a borroughs_n the_o which_o joint_o have_v their_o deputy_n be_v they_o gryetman_n or_o other_o at_o the_o ordinary_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o say_a province_n in_o the_o town_n of_o leuwaerden_n these_o name_n shall_v be_v troublesome_a to_o the_o reader_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strangeness_n thereof_o to_o set_v down_o in_o write_v the_o appellation_n of_o all_o the_o greteny_n of_o the_o three_o quarter_n of_o friesland_n be_v in_o number_n 28._o the_o which_o i_o can_v term_v more_o proper_o than_o bailywick_n &_o their_o grietman_n bailiff_n there_o be_v some_o island_n depend_v upon_o frisand_n among_o the_o which_o amelandt_n &_o schellinck_fw-mi be_v the_o chief_a the_o first_o belong_v to_o a_o particular_a lord_n who_o during_o the_o trouble_n have_v hold_v it_o free_a and_o neural_a pay_v some_o contribution_n unto_o the_o admiralty_n of_o dunkirk_n so_o as_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o say_a island_n may_v sail_v free_o to_o all_o place_n as_o also_o the_o dunkirk_n may_v go_v and_o refresh_v themselves_o in_o the_o say_a island_n there_o be_v three_o good_a village_n in_o the_o say_a island_n beside_o amelandt_n whereas_o the_o signior_n have_v his_o lodging_n recover_v from_o the_o sea_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o say_a country_n have_v also_o within_o these_o thirty_o year_n a_o good_a portion_n of_o ground_n which_o they_o call_v the_o bildt_n which_o be_v now_o well_o defend_v with_o dikes_n and_o be_v make_v the_o fertile_a quarter_n in_o all_o friesland_n where_o they_o have_v appoint_v a_o bailiff_n or_o receiver_n for_o it_o be_v of_o great_a profit_n and_o revenue_n there_o be_v in_o diverse_a part_n of_o friesland_n turf_n some_o hard_a and_o firm_a other_o more_o light_n which_o make_v not_o so_o good_a coal_n as_o the_o first_o and_o whereas_o they_o have_v no_o turf_n the_o peasant_n use_v the_o dung_n of_o their_o cattle_n with_o which_o they_o cut_v reed_n very_o small_a and_o mingle_v it_o together_o and_o then_o they_o dry_v it_o for_o the_o winter_n they_o say_v that_o bacon_n dry_v with_o this_o fire_n be_v more_o firm_a than_o any_o other_o this_o country_n yield_v many_o good_a and_o strong_a horse_n which_o be_v transport_v through_o all_o europe_n as_o also_o great_a ox_n and_o very_o fat_a their_o cow_n be_v very_o fertile_a the_o which_o do_v often_o bring_v forth_o two_o calf_n at_o once_o &_o the_o ewe_n two_o or_o three_o lamb_n and_o sometime_o four_o together_o where_o the_o sheep_n be_v very_o big_a of_o body_n but_o not_o so_o sweet_a and_o savoury_a as_o those_o of_o berry_n arthois_n cempenie_n in_o brabant_n which_o have_v a_o dry_a feed_n and_o be_v less_o overyssell_n this_o conty_n of_o oueryssell_n in_o former_a time_n under_o the_o principallitie_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n be_v then_o call_v
the_o high_a diocese_n but_o sense_n that_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o obtain_v from_o the_o bishop_n the_o temporality_n of_o both_o diocese_n the_o high_o and_o the_o low_a he_o make_v two_o province_n one_o of_o vtrecht_n and_o the_o other_o of_o ouerysel_n the_o which_o be_v number_v among_o the_o 17._o province_n and_o now_o under_o the_o union_n of_o the_o general_n estate_n of_o the_o confederate_a province_n who_o by_o arm_n have_v shake_v of_o the_o spanish_a yoke_n and_o have_v purchase_v their_o liberty_n which_o they_o enjoy_v at_o this_o day_n this_o country_n be_v so_o call_v for_o that_o it_o lie_v beyond_o the_o rive_v of_o yssel_n this_o dutch_a word_n over_o signify_v beyond_o and_o in_o latin_a trans_fw-la so_o as_o it_o be_v call_v transissalana_n on_o the_o north_n side_n it_o have_v friesland_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o groan_v on_o the_o south_n the_o conty_n of_o zutphen_n to_o east_n the_o country_n of_o westphalia_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n the_o zuyderzee_n it_o be_v water_v by_o many_o river_n the_o yssel_n vidre_n regge_n dan-noire_a and_o wahal_n beside_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o by_o the_o sluice_n a_o good_a and_o fertile_a soil_n and_o fat_a pasture_n where_o they_o do_v yearly_a feed_v many_o fat_a cattle_n there_o be_v abundance_n of_o good_a butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o victual_n the_o whole_a province_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o great_a baylywick_n that_o be_v of_o salandt_n of_o the_o old_a saliens_fw-la of_o tuent_fw-la so_o call_v of_o the_o ancient_a tubantins_n and_o of_o vollenhoven_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o other_o two_o whereof_o the_o one_o bend_v to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o south_n the_o quarter_n of_o salandt_n comprehend_v under_o it_o many_o good_a town_n among_o the_o which_o be_v these_o three_o imperial_a hans_n town_n deventer_n campen_n and_o swolle_n the_o lesser_a be_v hasselt_v covoerden_n genemuiden_n ommen_n hardenbourg_n wilson_n and_o graffhorst_a that_o of_o tuent_fw-la have_v the_o town_n of_o oldenzeel_n otmarson_n enschede_v ghoor_n diyepenham_n delden_n rise_v and_o almeloo_n the_o quarter_n of_o vollenhoven_n have_v a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n with_o a_o castle_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n palace_n when_o they_o come_v into_o the_o high_a diocese_n then_o the_o town_n of_o stâ—enwicke_n to_o which_o the_o cuyndert_fw-ge do_v belong_v which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o castle_n the_o which_o be_v ruin_v in_o these_o last_o war_n among_o the_o fortefied_a town_n beside_o the_o three_o imperial_a hans_n town_n of_o deventer_n campen_n and_o swolle_n be_v those_o of_o hasselt_n upon_o vidre_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o hasselt_v a_o good_a town_n in_o the_o country_n of_o liege_n oldenzeel_v steenwick_n otmarsom_n and_o enscheede_v there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a number_n of_o castle_n and_o above_o 120._o borroughs_n and_o village_n the_o sovereignty_n of_o this_o province_n before_o the_o trouble_n in_o the_o netherlands_o do_v belong_v unto_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o succeed_v the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o his_o father_n who_o have_v the_o interest_n confirm_v by_o the_o pope_n from_o henry_n of_o bavaria_n bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n upon_o certain_a condition_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v maintain_v their_o privilege_n for_o want_v whereof_o and_o to_o free_v they_o from_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o spaniard_n they_o have_v as_o all_o the_o other_o unite_a province_n free_v themselves_o and_o recover_v their_o liberty_n whereof_o the_o people_n as_o well_o as_o the_o frison_n be_v wonderful_o desirous_a and_o impatient_a to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n the_o say_a province_n have_v never_o acknowledge_v but_o two_o member_n in_o their_o government_n that_o be_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o which_o be_v choose_v the_o particular_a governor_n and_o high_a officer_n and_o they_o three_o imperial_a town_n deventer_n campen_n and_o swoll_n and_o no_o other_o by_o the_o voice_n &_o suffrage_n of_o which_o two_o member_n all_o difficulty_n in_o the_o estate_n be_v decide_v and_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v decree_v by_o they_o according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n shall_v remain_v firm_a and_o stable_a and_o as_o the_o nobility_n in_o precedence_n yield_v not_o to_o any_o no_o more_o do_v the_o town_n but_o in_o their_o order_n and_o degree_n whereof_o deventer_n be_v the_o first_o than_o campen_n and_o last_o swoll_n every_o one_o of_o which_o town_n judge_v by_o decree_n as_o well_o in_o civil_a as_o criminal_a cause_n and_o either_o of_o they_o have_v privilege_n to_o coin_n money_n let_v this_o suffice_v for_o a_o brief_a description_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o country_n of_o oueryssell_n let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o a_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o town_n deventer_n the_o first_o of_o the_o three_o imperial_a hans_n town_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o right_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o yssell_n three_o league_n from_o zutphen_n and_o four_o from_o swoll_n it_o be_v a_o goodly_a great_a town_n and_o of_o great_a traffic_n before_o the_o last_o trouble_n but_o the_o two_o siege_n which_o they_o have_v be_v force_v to_o endure_v with_o in_o these_o thirty_o year_n by_o the_o unite_a estate_n have_v much_o decay_v it_o the_o first_o time_n in_o the_o year_n 1578._o when_o it_o be_v yield_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o reneberg_n lieutenant_n for_o the_o say_a estate_n and_o the_o country_n since_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n governor_n for_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n protectress_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n give_v the_o government_a thereof_o to_o sir_n william_n stanley_n a_o english_a colonel_n who_o sell_v it_o to_o the_o spaniard_n so_o as_o it_o remain_v subject_a to_o the_o spanish_a insolency_n from_o the_o year_n 1587._o unto_o the_o year_n 1591._o when_o as_o prince_n maurice_n go_v to_o besiege_v it_o with_o the_o say_a estate_n in_o the_o which_o cont_n harman_n vanden_fw-mi bergh_n cousin_n german_a to_o the_o prince_n command_v who_o he_o force_v to_o yield_v by_o composition_n after_o a_o great_a battery_n the_o ruin_n whereof_o will_v not_o be_v easy_o repair_v in_o many_o year_n especial_o towards_o the_o kaye_n but_o whereas_o the_o cannon_n can_v not_o annoy_v they_o it_o be_v well_o build_v with_o fair_a high_a house_n the_o street_n broad_a and_o clean_o with_o a_o fair_a market_n place_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v the_o house_n of_o the_o swear_a company_n whereas_o a_o guard_n be_v keep_v day_n and_o night_n before_o the_o great_a collegiall_a church_n be_v the_o town-house_n which_o they_o call_v raed_n huy_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o council_n house_n whereas_o the_o bourguemaster_n and_o senator_n do_v assemble_v daily_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o every_o man_n the_o magistrate_n there_o show_v themselves_o modest_o grave_a and_o the_o burgher_n civil_a among_o who_o there_o be_v rich_a merchant_n by_o the_o traffic_n which_o they_o have_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n as_o of_o merchandise_n as_o well_o by_o land_n into_o westphalia_n and_o other_o place_n of_o germany_n as_o by_o the_o river_n of_o yssel_n which_o on_o one_o side_n mount_v up_o the_o rhin_n unto_o cologne_n and_o descend_v down_o before_o campen_n to_o the_o zuyderzee_n unto_o amsterdam_n horn_n enchuysen_n and_o other_o town_n of_o holland_n and_o friesland_n since_o it_o be_v last_o yield_v it_o be_v wunderful_o fortify_v with_o rampart_v and_o good_a bulwark_n beside_o that_o it_o have_v always_o have_v a_o double_a wall_n of_o brick_n round_o about_o it_o in_o old_a time_n when_o a_o matter_n succeed_v not_o well_o in_o the_o diocese_n of_o vtrecht_n the_o bishop_n retire_v themselves_o to_o deventer_n as_o we_o read_v of_o bishop_n baldric_n who_o to_o fly_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o dane_n which_o ruin_v the_o town_n of_o vtrecht_n retire_v with_o all_o his_o clergy_n to_o this_o town_n then_o the_o dane_n be_v chase_v away_o he_o return_v and_o repare_v the_o cathedral_n church_n which_o they_o have_v make_v a_o stable_n for_o their_o horse_n in_o this_o town_n do_v usual_o reside_v the_o drossart_n or_o great_a bailiff_n for_o the_o quarter_n of_o salandt_n whereof_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a town_n and_o in_o the_o which_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o gentleman_n campen_n this_o be_v the_o second_o of_o three_o hans_n town_n in_o the_o province_n of_o ouerysell_n although_o it_o be_v not_o like_a to_o all_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n of_o yssel_n but_o on_o gelder_n side_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a great_a town_n of_o more_o length_n than_o breadth_n the_o which_o after_o that_o it_o have_v be_v yield_v unto_o the_o earl_n of_o reneberg_n in_o the_o name_n
any_o force_n for_o to_o besiege_v they_o enschede_v this_o town_n be_v of_o reasonable_a good_a traffic_n situate_v in_o the_o open_a country_n in_o the_o quarter_n of_o tuent_fw-la a_o league_n from_o oldenzeel_n and_o two_o from_o otmarsum_fw-la it_o feel_v in_o the_o year_n 1597._o the_o weight_n of_o prince_n maurice_n force_n to_o who_o it_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v by_o composition_n at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o as_o grolle_v brefort_n lingen_n and_o other_o be_v take_v vollenhoven_n be_v not_o 30._o year_n since_o a_o good_a town_n lie_v upon_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o zuyderzee_n two_o league_n from_o steenwyck_n it_o be_v wont_a to_o have_v a_o fair_a great_a and_o pleasant_a castle_n which_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o prince_n bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n when_o as_o they_o come_v into_o the_o high_a diocese_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o town_n renown_v where_o there_o be_v good_a commodity_n of_o victual_n bring_v thither_o both_o by_o water_n and_o by_o land_n and_o moreover_o after_o that_o the_o temporal_a estate_n of_o vtrecht_n come_v unto_o the_o emperor_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o council_n make_v their_o residence_n there_o but_o the_o last_o trouble_n have_v great_o impair_v it_o and_o the_o castle_n be_v ruin_v gheelmvyden_n have_v run_v the_o same_o fortune_n that_o vollenhoven_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v a_o league_n distant_a and_o as_o much_o from_o hassel_n that_o stand_v upon_o the_o gulf_n of_o vidre_n towards_o the_o zuyderzee_n have_v towards_o the_o land_n the_o pleasant_a pasture_n of_o maesterbrouck_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o league_n from_o campen_n the_o castle_n wherein_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v wont_a to_o keep_v a_o garrison_n have_v be_v also_o ruin_v meppel_n this_o town_n be_v seat_v upon_o a_o little_a brook_n which_o near_o unto_o gheelmuyden_n fall_v into_o the_o vidre_n it_o be_v never_o of_o any_o great_a importance_n and_o now_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o ruin_v hardenberg_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n a_o good_a town_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n of_o beecht_a where_o there_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v a_o good_a castle_n whereas_o the_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n take_v great_a delight_n for_o that_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o open_a country_n it_o be_v midway_n betwixt_o coeworden_n and_o ommen_n both_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v to_o this_o day_n almost_o ruin_v by_o these_o last_o war_n coewarden_n before_o the_o last_o siege_n which_o prince_n maurice_n of_o nassau_n lay_v before_o it_o the_o which_o he_o take_v by_o composition_n it_o be_v but_o a_o little_a base_a town_n command_v by_o a_o great_a and_o strong_a castle_n the_o drossart_n hear_v of_o the_o prince_n approach_n cause_v the_o say_a town_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o ruin_v to_o the_o end_n the_o enemy_n shall_v have_v no_o commodity_n to_o lodge_v there_o yet_o he_o do_v so_o press_v this_o town_n both_o by_o battery_n and_o i_o as_o the_o drossart_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v it_o some_o two_o month_n after_o the_o take_n of_o steenwyck_n by_o the_o say_a prince_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o country_n of_o oueryssel_n in_o the_o year_n 1593._o cont_n herman_n vanden_fw-mi berghe_n and_o verdugo_n go_v to_o besiege_v it_o but_o when_o as_o they_o see_v they_o can_v not_o prevail_v any_o thing_n neither_o by_o battery_n nor_o i_o have_v change_v their_o first_o resolution_n and_o think_v to_o famish_v it_o in_o time_n they_o stop_v up_o all_o the_o passage_n with_o fort_n so_o as_o nothing_o can_v enter_v into_o it_o yet_o the_o prince_n man_n that_o be_v in_o garrison_n within_o the_o castle_n maintain_v themselves_o with_o great_a constancy_n and_o resolution_n a_o whole_a winter_n until_o the_o spring_n when_o as_o the_o prince_n come_v with_o a_o good_a army_n to_o victual_v it_o in_o despite_n of_o all_o these_o fort_n which_o cont_n herman_n and_o verdugo_n see_v abandon_v all_o their_o fort_n or_o burn_v they_o they_o retire_v wherefore_o the_o prince_n have_v victual_v it_o at_o ease_n and_o supply_v it_o with_o fresh_a man_n the_o same_o summer_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 1597._o he_o go_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n of_o groan_v the_o which_o he_o take_v as_o we_o will_v show_v hereafter_o since_o the_o estate_n have_v give_v order_n for_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o town_n for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a passage_n to_o go_v by_o land_n into_o friesland_n the_o country_n of_o groan_v westphalia_n breme_n and_o other_o place_n ryssen_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n regge_n the_o which_o run_v into_o vidre_n at_o hessel_n and_o pass_v from_o thence_o before_o gheelmuyden_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o zuyderzee_n it_o be_v so_o little_a and_o at_o this_o day_n so_o deform_v as_o it_o merit_v not_o the_o name_n of_o a_o good_a town_n diepenhem_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n of_o regge_n it_o be_v a_o league_n or_o little_a more_o from_o ryssen_n and_o two_o league_n from_o enschede_v at_o this_o present_a it_o be_v but_o a_o bourrough_n although_o with_o all_o the_o small_a town_n it_o have_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o town_n ghoer_n be_v a_o borough_n stand_v upon_o a_o brook_n which_o run_v into_o regge_n at_o diepenhem_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v a_o league_n distant_a it_o have_v during_o these_o war_n have_v a_o great_a fort_n which_o be_v always_o take_v when_o as_o either_o party_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n delden_n this_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v a_o good_a town_n and_o of_o traffic_n but_o now_o be_v much_o decay_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o last_o war_n have_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o pass_v and_o lodging_n of_o soldier_n of_o either_o party_n for_o as_o i_o have_v say_v he_o that_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n be_v always_o master_n of_o those_o petty_a place_n ameloo_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o brook_n come_v from_o oldenzeel_n the_o which_o two_o league_n from_o thence_o fall_v into_o the_o vidre_n it_o be_v at_o this_o present_a but_o a_o bourg_n wilsen_n be_v at_o this_o day_n but_o a_o village_n seat_v upon_o the_o way_n as_o you_o go_v from_o campen_n to_o swolle_n yet_o have_v it_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o town_n and_o be_v number_v among_o the_o lesser_a town_n graffhorst_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o river_n of_o yessl_n enter_v into_o zuyderzee_n half_a way_n betwixt_o campen_n and_o gheelmuyden_n it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a village_n not_o so_o good_a as_o wilsen_n yet_o have_v it_o the_o title_n and_o right_n of_o a_o town_n all_o this_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o country_n of_o oueryssel_n which_o be_v the_o seven_o in_o rank_n of_o the_o eight_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o which_o have_v recover_v their_o liberty_n by_o arm_n and_o acknowledge_v at_o this_o day_n no_o sovereign_a prince_n but_o the_o general_a estate_n of_o the_o say_a union_n which_o eight_o province_n be_v the_o duchy_n of_o geldres_n the_o earldom_n of_o holland_n zeeland_n and_o zutphen_n the_o siegneury_n of_o vtrecht_n friesland_n oueryssel_n and_o groan_v west-frisland_n whereof_o they_o may_v make_v a_o province_n by_o itself_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o county_n of_o holland_n who_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o noort-holland_n which_o the_o west-frisons_a will_v not_o willing_o hear_v of_o for_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a estate_n admiralty_n officer_n and_o mynte_n prince_n maurice_n of_o nassau_n have_v this_o province_n of_o oueryssel_n under_o his_o government_n with_o geldre_n holland_n zeeland_n zutphen_n and_o vtrecht_n the_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o say_v prounice_n both_o general_a and_o particular_a be_v diverse_o make_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n &_o preeminence_n of_o every_o quarter_n not_o tie_v in_o that_o regard_n to_o any_o town_n but_o according_a their_o order_n and_o rank_n the_o deputy_n change_v often_o i_o have_v see_v they_o hold_v in_o a_o country_n house_n wherefore_o we_o can_v specefie_v any_o certain_a place_n of_o their_o assembly_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o often_o change_n yet_o there_o remain_v a_o certain_a form_n of_o a_o college_n of_o estate_n in_o the_o town_n of_o deventer_n but_o it_o can_v resolve_v of_o any_o affair_n of_o importance_n which_o must_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n for_o the_o whole_a province_n wheresoever_o it_o shall_v be_v hold_v yet_o when_o as_o the_o affair_n shall_v tend_v to_o the_o good_a or_o prejudice_n of_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o union_n they_o must_v refer_v they_o to_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o general_a estate_n of_o all_o the_o unite_a province_n the_o which_o be_v common_o keep_v at_o the_o hage_n in_o holland_n groningue_n with_o the_o ommelands_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o town_n of_o groningue_n and_o the_o ommelands_n which_o be_v country_n jurisdiction_n consist_v of_o many_o good_a borroughs_n village_n abbay_n and_o
judge_n keep_v in_o awe_n the_o jurisdiction_n maintain_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o rich_a and_o mighty_a restrain_v and_o the_o edict_n belong_v to_o the_o commonweal_n concern_v their_o authority_n publish_v for_o the_o which_o the_o magistrate_n or_o senate_n of_o the_o town_n choose_v five_o honourable_a person_n fit_a for_o those_o charge_n to_o be_v renew_v every_o year_n if_o for_o their_o sufficiency_n and_o meritte_n they_o be_v not_o continue_v two_o or_o three_o year_n these_o be_v call_v hoft-mannem_a they_o be_v seldom_o choose_v if_o they_o have_v be_v bourgue-maister_n senator_n or_o of_o the_o council_n these_o five_o hoft-mannem_a take_v knowledge_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v it_o by_o themselves_o alone_o or_o joint_o with_o the_o senate_n their_o court_n be_v call_v their_o judicial_a chamber_n their_o authority_n be_v great_a over_o all_o the_o champain_n country_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o do_v extend_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o lanâ—vers_n and_o then_o into_o ostergoe_v and_o westergoe_v two_o chief_a canton_n of_o friesland_n wheerby_o there_o grow_v great_a quarrel_n betwixt_o the_o groninger_n and_o frison_n yea_o among_o the_o frison_n themselves_o divide_v into_o those_o two_o curse_a faction_n of_o the_o schyeringer_n and_o wetcooper_n to_o pacefie_v the_o which_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o 3._o send_v otto_n van_fw-mi langhen_fw-mi a_o chanoine_n of_o mentz_n and_o his_o councillor_n into_o friesland_n but_o he_o return_v without_o any_o effect_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wilfulness_n of_o the_o schieringer_n the_o emperor_n frederick_n die_v soon_o after_o maximilian_n the_o first_o his_o son_n succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n who_o send_v the_o same_o otto_n van_fw-mi langhen_fw-mi again_o into_o friesland_n with_o a_o ample_a commission_n give_v they_o authority_n as_o they_o have_v before_o time_n to_o choose_v a_o potestate_fw-la which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o a_o provincial_a governor_n and_o to_o settle_v the_o frison_n in_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n whereby_o the_o groeninger_n have_v be_v exclude_v from_o the_o confederation_n which_o they_o have_v with_o they_o of_o ostergoe_v and_o westergoe_v but_o although_o the_o frison_n be_v well_o incline_v to_o this_o election_n of_o a_o potestate_fw-la wherein_o they_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o there_o be_v one_o choose_v of_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o nobility_n and_o well_o qualify_v yet_o one_o of_o the_o faction_n hold_v he_o for_o suspect_v either_o party_n desyre_v to_o have_v one_o of_o his_o league_n where-upon_o their_o hatred_n do_v so_o increase_v as_o otto_n prevail_v no_o more_o than_o at_o the_o first_o which_o make_v the_o emperor_n maximilian_n to_o give_v the_o government_n hereditary_a of_o friesland_n and_o groningue_n to_o duke_n albertus_n of_o saxony_n as_o we_o show_v in_o the_o description_n of_o friesland_n duke_n albertus_n have_v afterward_o break_v this_o confederation_n betwixt_o they_o of_o groening_n and_o friesland_n over_o who_o he_o hold_v himself_o half_a master_n seek_v to_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o well_o within_o the_o town_n of_o groening_n as_o in_o the_o ommelands_n where_o he_o pretend_v a_o absolute_a superiority_n which_o they_o be_v unwilling_a to_o yield_v unto_o he_o go_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n of_o groening_n the_o which_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n have_v endure_v many_o indignity_n from_o duke_n albertus_n and_o fear_v in_o the_o end_n a_o bad_a issue_n of_o this_o war_n they_o do_v call_v in_o and_o receive_v for_o their_o protector_n hereditary_a edsard_n earl_n of_o embden_n or_o rather_o of_o east-frisland_n lieutenant_n at_o that_o siege_n to_o the_o duke_n but_o discontent_v with_o colonel_n vyt_n upon_o certain_a condition_n among_o other_o to_o build_v a_o fort_n or_o blockhouse_n the_o which_o be_v do_v the_o duke_n see_v himself_o deceive_v by_o the_o earl_n and_o disappoint_v of_o so_o goodly_a a_o prey_n mean_v for_o the_o recovery_n thereof_o to_o employ_v all_o his_o mean_n hold_v the_o frison_n to_o be_v half_o vanquish_v the_o groeninger_n see_v the_o emperor_n to_o embrace_v the_o duke_n quarrel_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o proscription_n send_v out_o by_o the_o empire_n against_o cont_n edsard_n who_o can_v hardly_o free_v himself_o &_o much_o less_o protect_v they_o rather_o than_o to_o fall_v under_o the_o proud_a government_n of_o the_o saxon_n they_o call_v in_o charles_n duke_n of_o geldre_n a_o prince_n that_o be_v stir_v &_o high_a mind_a to_o undertake_v their_o protection_n &_o upon_o the_o same_o condition_n that_o they_o have_v receive_v cont_n edsard_n only_o the_o fort_n which_o he_o have_v build_v shall_v be_v raze_v the_o which_o the_o geldrois_fw-mi to_o augment_v his_o signeury_n will_v not_o neglect_v send_v the_o signior_n of_o oyen_n to_o take_v possession_n and_o thus_o the_o town_n and_o state_n of_o groan_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o geldrois_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a war_n betwixt_o the_o two_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o geldres_n the_o geldrois_n be_v put_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o year_n 1518._o and_o of_o the_o ommelande_n 1521._o as_o such_o a_o active_a spirit_n can_v contain_v himself_o within_o his_o bound_n he_o begin_v soon_o after_o to_o attempt_v as_o well_o up_o on_o the_o right_n of_o the_o town_n as_o the_o previledge_n of_o the_o ommelande_n the_o groninger_n have_v discover_v his_o practice_n with_o captain_n meinard_n van_fw-mi ham_n for_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n upon_o the_o town_n of_o dam_n which_o be_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n the_o which_o he_o pretend_v to_o fortify_v to_o keep_v groening_n in_o subjection_n and_o then_o to_o do_v all_o thing_n at_o his_o pleasure_n they_o seeing_z themselves_o thus_o circumvent_v and_o know_v the_o duke_n intention_n grow_v cold_a in_o their_o affection_n which_o they_o do_v first_o bear_v he_o turn_v it_o to_o the_o house_n of_o bourgongne_n where-upon_o have_v resolve_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o ommelands_n they_o do_v write_v unto_o george_n schencke_n baron_n of_o tautenburg_n knight_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o golden-fleece_n governor_n of_o friesland_n for_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o according_a to_o the_o resignation_n which_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n have_v make_v unto_o he_o to_o which_o effect_n the_o say_a seignor_n schencke_n have_v receive_v commission_n from_o the_o lady_n mary_n queen_n of_o hungary_n sister_n to_o the_o emperor_n march_v with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v thither_o where_o he_o enter_v in_o june_n in_o the_o year_n 1536._o and_o there_o receive_v their_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n as_o duke_z of_o brabant_n earl_n of_o flanders_n holland_n zeeland_n etc._n etc._n lord_n of_o friesland_n and_o ouerissel_n but_o upon_o certain_a condition_n that_o the_o member_n and_o state_n of_o the_o seigneury_n of_o groan_v shall_v hold_v their_o privilege_n right_a and_o statute_n as_o they_o have_v receive_v they_o from_o their_o ancestor_n that_o the_o town_n shall_v hold_v their_o ancient_a preture_n and_o the_o foreign_a that_o they_o shall_v build_v a_o palace_n in_o the_o town_n for_o the_o emperor_n fit_a for_o a_o prince_n but_o without_o any_o fortification_n the_o fort_n in_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v raze_v &_o no_o new_a build_v if_o necessity_n do_v not_o require_v it_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o country_n and_o of_o the_o town_n out_o of_o who_o revenue_n there_o shall_v be_v yearly_a pay_v unto_o the_o emperor_n &_o to_o his_o successor_n 12000._o crown_n upon_o which_o condition_n philip_n k_n of_o spain_n be_v receivedin_fw-mi january_n 1550._o among_o all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o say_a town_n they_o have_v one_o very_o notable_a which_o come_v from_o their_o ancestor_n with_o a_o inviolable_a contynuation_n which_o be_v that_o no_o king_n prince_n estate_n nor_o commonweal_n can_v call_v any_o bourger_n or_o citizen_n of_o that_o town_n into_o justice_n nor_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v cite_v or_o adiorn_v before_o any_o court_n but_o only_o before_o the_o senate_n or_o his_o ordinary_a judge_n moreover_o that_o no_o man_n may_v appeal_v from_o any_o sentence_n that_o be_v give_v either_o in_o civil_a or_o cryminall_a cause_n neither_o from_o the_o court_n of_o hoffman_n or_o judicial_a chamber_n in_o that_o which_o concern_v their_o jurisdiction_n from_o the_o which_o no_o man_n of_o what_o quality_n so_o ever_o may_v decline_v moreover_o the_o town_n be_v lady_n and_o mistress_n of_o her_o own_o law_n and_o statute_n the_o which_o by_o a_o sovereign_a power_n they_o may_v make_v and_o undo_v create_v and_o abrogate_v without_o the_o authority_n of_o any_o person_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o ommelands_n have_v also_o the_o like_a authority_n in_o their_o regard_n the_o town_n have_v have_v a_o privilege_n to_o coin_v silver_n and_o copper_n for_o these_o four_o hundred_o year_n and_o gold_n since_o