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here_o the_o second_o kingdom_n it_o lie_v all_o on_o the_o southside_n upon_o the_o british_a ocean_n with_o a_o straight_a shore_n as_o it_o be_v more_o in_o length_n than_o breadth_n but_o have_v but_o few_o port_n the_o sea_n be_v very_o dangerous_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o shelf_n and_o sand_n which_o make_v it_o rough_a and_o the_o shore_n be_v full_a of_o rock_n infinite_o rock_n and_o the_o south-west_n wind_n do_v tyrannize_v thereon_o cast_v up_o beach_n infinite_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o this_o country_n have_v very_o high_a green_a hill_n call_v the_o down_n down_n down_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o fat_a chalky_a soil_n be_v upon_o that_o account_n very_o fruitful_a the_o middle-part_n be_v chequered_a with_o meadow_n pasture_n cornfield_n and_o grove_n make_v a_o very_a fine_a show_n the_o hithermost_a and_o northernside_n be_v shade_v most_o pleasant_o with_o wood_n as_o ancient_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v asleep_o which_o make_v it_o unpassable_a for_o the_o wild._n the_o it_o be_v now_o call_v the_o wield_v or_o wild._n wood_n andradswald_n in_o british_a coid_v andr_v sylva_fw-la
shall_v suppose_v they_o so_o denominate_v because_o some_o of_o they_o be_v not_o at_o present_a direct_o upright_o but_o a_o little_a incline_n it_o may_v be_v such_o as_o take_v these_o circular_a monument_n for_o druid-temple_n may_v imagine_v they_o so_o call_v from_o bow_v as_o have_v be_v place_n of_o worship_n for_o my_o part_n i_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o his_o conjecture_n and_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o near_a capel_n king_n in_o caernarvonshire_n there_o be_v a_o stone_n pitch_v on_o end_n call_v also_o maen_n gŵyr_n which_o perhaps_o be_v the_o only_a stone_n now_o remain_v of_o such_o a_o circular_a monument_n as_o this_o at_o leastwise_o it_o have_v such_o a_o kiss_v vaen_fw-la by_o it_o but_o much_o less_o as_o that_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o monument_n describe_v in_o glamorganshire_n by_o the_o name_n of_o karn_n lhechart_n of_o late_o carmarthen_n have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o marquis_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a thomas_n osborn_n carmarthen_n marquis_n of_o carmarthen_n earl_n of_o danby_n upon_o who_o advancement_n to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o leeds_n the_o honour_n of_o marquis_n of_o carmarthen_n be_v now_o descend_v to_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o heir_n penbrokshire_n the_o sea_n now_o wind_v itself_o to_o the_o south_n and_o by_o a_o vast_a compass_n and_o several_a creek_n render_v the_o shore_n very_o uneven_a encroach_v on_o all_o side_n on_o the_o county_n of_o penbroke_a common_o call_v penbrokshire_n in_o ancient_a record_n the_o legal_a county_n of_o penbroke_a and_o by_o some_o west-wales_n except_o on_o the_o east_n where_o it_o be_v bound_v with_o caermardhinshire_n and_o the_o north_n where_o it_o border_n on_o cardiganshire_n it_o be_v a_o fertile_a country_n for_o corn_n afford_v plenty_n of_o marle_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n to_o fatten_v and_o enrich_v the_o land_n as_o also_o of_o coal_n for_o fuel_n and_o be_v very_o well_o stock_v with_o cattle_n this_o country_n say_v giraldus_n afford_v plenty_n of_o wheat_n be_v well_o serve_v with_o sea-fish_n and_o import_v wine_n and_o which_o exceed_v all_o other_o advantage_n in_o regard_n of_o its_o nearness_n to_o ireland_n enjoy_v a_o wholesome_a air._n first_o on_o the_o southern_a coast_n tenbigh_n â—enâ—â—gh_o â—enâ—â—gh_o a_o neat_a town_n land_n town_n well_o govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n and_o strong_o wall_v towards_o the_o land_n strong_o wall_v behold_v the_o sea_n from_o the_o dry_a shore_n a_o place_n much_o note_v for_o the_o ship_n that_o harbour_v there_o and_o for_o plenty_n of_o fish_n whence_o in_o british_n it_o be_v call_v dinbech_n y_o pyskod_a govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n and_o a_o bailiff_n to_o the_o west_n of_o this_o place_n be_v see_v on_o the_o shore_n the_o ruin_n of_o manobe_a castle_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o call_v by_o giraldus_n pyrrhus_n mansion_n in_o who_o time_n as_o he_o himself_o inform_v we_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o stately_a tower_n and_o bulwark_n have_v on_o the_o westside_n a_o spacious_a haven_n and_o under_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o north_n and_o northwest_o a_o excellent_a fishpond_n remarkable_a as_o well_o for_o its_o neatness_n as_o the_o depth_n of_o its_o water_n the_o shore_n be_v continue_v some_o few_o mile_n from_o hence_o and_o at_o length_n withdraw_v itself_o the_o sea_n on_o both_o side_n come_v far_o into_o the_o land_n and_o make_v that_o port_n which_o the_o english_a call_v milford-haven_n â—â—â—foâ—d-â—â—â—en_a â—â—â—foâ—d-â—â—â—en_a than_o which_o there_o be_v none_o in_o europe_n either_o more_o spacious_a or_o secure_a so_o many_o creek_n and_o harbour_n have_v it_o on_o all_o side_n and_o to_o use_v the_o poet_n word_n hic_fw-la exarmatum_fw-la terris_fw-la cingentibus_fw-la aequor_fw-la clauditur_fw-la &_o placidam_fw-la discit_fw-la seruare_fw-la quietem_fw-la here_o circle_v bank_n the_o furious_a wind_n control_v and_o peaceful_a wave_n with_o gentle_a murmur_n roll_v for_o it_o contain_v sixteen_o creek_n five_o bay_n and_o thirteen_o road_n distinguish_v by_o their_o several_a name_n nor_o be_v this_o haven_n more_o celebrate_v for_o these_o advantage_n than_o for_o henry_n the_o seven_o of_o happy_a memory_n land_v here_o who_o from_o this_o place_n give_v england_n at_o that_o time_n languish_v with_o civil_a war_n the_o signal_n of_o good_a hope_n at_o the_o innermost_a and_o eastern_a bay_n of_o this_o haven_n etc._n haven_n in_o the_o most_o pleasant_a country_n of_o all_o wales_n stand_v penbroke_a the_o shire-town_n one_o direct_a street_n upon_o a_o long_a narrow_a point_n all_o rock_n and_o a_o fork_a arm_n of_o milford-haven_n ebb_v and_o flow_v close_o to_o the_o town-wall_n on_o both_o side_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n but_o now_o ruinate_v and_o two_o parish_n church_n within_o the_o wall_n and_o be_v incorporate_a of_o a_o mayor_n bailiff_n and_o burgess_n but_o hear_v giraldus_n etc._n etc._n â—â—â—brâ—ke_v â—â—â—brâ—ke_v a_o long_a cape_n say_v giraldus_n extend_v from_o milver-dike_a with_o a_o fork_a head_n show_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o dimetia_n seat_v on_o a_o rocky_a oblong_a promontory_n in_o the_o most_o pleasant_a country_n of_o all_o wales_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n penuro_n which_o signify_v the_o cape_n or_o sea-promontory_n and_o thence_o in_o english_a penbroke_a arnulph_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n brother_n to_o robert_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n build_v this_o castle_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o but_o very_o mean_o with_o stake_n only_o and_o green_a turf_n which_o upon_o his_o return_n afterward_o into_o england_n he_o deliver_v to_o girald_n of_o windsor_n a_o prudent_a man_n his_o constable_n and_o lieutenant_n general_n who_o with_o a_o small_a garrison_n be_v present_o besiege_v therein_o by_o all_o the_o force_n of_o south-wales_n but_o giraldus_n and_o his_o party_n make_v such_o resistance_n though_o more_o with_o courage_n than_o strength_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v without_o success_n afterward_o this_o giraldus_n fortify_v both_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n from_o whence_o he_o annoy_v the_o neighbour_a country_n a_o great_a way_n round_o and_o for_o the_o better_a settlement_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o friend_n in_o this_o country_n he_o marry_v nest_n the_o sister_n of_o prince_n gryffydh_n by_o who_o he_o have_v a_o noble_a offspring_n by_o who_o mean_n say_v giraldus_n who_o be_v descend_v from_o he_o not_o only_o the_o maritime_a part_n of_o south-wales_n be_v retain_v by_o the_o english_a but_o also_o the_o wall_n of_o ireland_n reduce_v ireland_n origin_n of_o the_o girald_n in_o ireland_n for_o all_o those_o noble_a family_n in_o ireland_n call_v girald_n giraldines_n and_o fitzgiralds_a be_v descend_v from_o he_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o tenure_n of_o this_o castle_n and_o town_n and_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o tinbigh_n servitiorum_fw-la rotulus_n servitiorum_fw-la of_o the_o grange_n of_o king's-wood_n the_o commot_n of_o croytarath_n and_o manor_n of_o castle-martin_n and_o tregoir_n reginald_n grey_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o claim_v the_o honour_n of_o bear_v the_o second_o sword_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o at_o that_o time_n those_o castle_n and_o farm_n be_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o also_o at_o this_o day_n the_o town_n of_o pembroke_n which_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n and_o two_o bailiff_n on_o another_o bay_n of_o this_o haven_n we_o find_v carew-castle_n carew-castle_n carew-castle_n which_o give_v both_o name_n and_o original_n to_o the_o illustrious_a family_n of_o carew_n who_o affirm_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v call_v at_o first_o the_o montgomery_n and_o that_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o that_o arnulph_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n already_o mention_v two_o river_n be_v discharge_v into_o this_o haven_n almost_o in_o the_o same_o channel_n call_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n cledheu_o cledheu_fw-la cledheu_fw-la which_o in_o english_a signify_v a_o sword_n whence_o they_o call_v it_o aber-dau-gledheu_a i.e._n the_o haven_n of_o two_o sword_n hard_o by_o the_o more_o easterly_a of_o they_o stand_v slebach_n once_o a_o commandery_a of_o the_o knight_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o with_o other_o land_n wizo_n and_o his_o son_n walter_n settle_v upon_o that_o holy_a order_n that_o they_o may_v serve_v as_o the_o champion_n of_o christ_n in_o order_n to_o recover_v the_o holy-land_n that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o lie_v beyond_o the_o haven_n and_o be_v water_v only_o with_o these_o two_o river_n be_v call_v by_o the_o britain_n rhos_n a_o name_n derive_v from_o the_o situation_n of_o it_o for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o large_a green_a plain_n this_o part_n be_v inhabit_v by_o flemings_n wales_n flemings_n when_o seat_v in_o wales_n who_o settle_v here_o by_o the_o permission_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o when_o as_o the_o sea_n make_v breach_n in_o their_o fence_n have_v drown_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o low
of_o all_o the_o flower_n i_o can_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o garden_n of_o eloquence_n but_o why_o shall_v they_o object_v this_o when_o cicero_n the_o father_n of_o eloquence_n deny_v that_o such_o a_o subject_a as_o this_o can_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i.e._n bear_v a_o flourish_n which_o as_o pomponius_n say_v be_v not_o a_o proper_a subject_n for_o rhetoric_n many_o perhaps_o will_v fall_v foul_a on_o i_o for_o dare_v to_o trace_v the_o original_n of_o ancient_a name_n by_o guess_n only_o who_o if_o they_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o conjecture_n i_o fear_v at_o length_n must_v exclude_v the_o best_a part_n of_o polite_a learning_n and_o in_o that_o a_o good_a part_n of_o human_a knowledge_n for_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v so_o shallow_a that_o we_o be_v force_v to_o explain_v and_o follow_v some_o thing_n in_o all_o art_n by_o guess_n in_o physic_n there_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d symptom_n token_n and_o sign_n which_o in_o reality_n be_v but_o conjecture_n in_o rhetoric_n civil_a law_n and_o other_o science_n there_o be_v a_o establish_a allowance_n for_o supposition_n but_o since_o conjecture_n be_v the_o sign_n of_o somewhat_o that_o lie_v hide_v and_o be_v as_o fabius_n say_v the_o director_n of_o reason_n to_o the_o truth_n i_o always_o account_v they_o the_o engine_n with_o which_o time_n be_v wont_a to_o draw_v up_o truth_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o democritus_n well_o but_o if_o they_o will_v admit_v of_o any_o conjecture_n at_o all_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o my_o cautiousness_n and_o moderation_n in_o the_o use_n of_o they_o will_v easy_o procure_v favour_n plato_n in_o his_o cratilus_n will_v have_v we_o trace_v the_o original_n of_o name_n down_o to_o barbarous_a tongue_n as_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a and_o according_o in_o all_o my_o etymology_n and_o conjecture_n i_o have_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o british_a or_o as_o it_o be_v now_o call_v the_o welsh_a tongue_n which_o be_v speak_v by_o the_o first_o and_o most_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n he_o will_v have_v the_o name_n of_o every_o thing_n to_o agree_v with_o the_o thing_n itself_o if_o it_o disagree_v i_o give_v it_o no_o admittance_n there_o be_v say_v he_o in_o thing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o sound_n a_o form_n a_o colour_n if_o these_o be_v not_o in_o the_o word_n i_o reject_v it_o with_o contempt_n as_o for_o obscure_a etymology_n strain_v far-fetched_a and_o various_o applicable_a i_o think_v they_o not_o worthy_a to_o be_v insert_v in_o this_o book_n in_o short_a i_o have_v be_v so_o cautious_a and_o frugal_a of_o my_o conjecture_n that_o unless_o i_o mistake_v to_o a_o impartial_a reader_n if_o i_o seem_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i.e._n lucky_a in_o my_o adventure_n i_o shall_v not_o seem_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o e._n too_o forward_o in_o adventure_v and_o though_o in_o so_o much_o scope_n i_o have_v sometime_o make_v two_o conjecture_n upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n yet_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o do_v not_o forget_v that_o unity_n be_v the_o sacred_a band_n of_o truth_n there_o be_v those_o it_o be_v probable_a who_o will_v stomach_n it_o at_o a_o great_a rate_n that_o i_o have_v take_v no_o notice_n of_o this_o or_o that_o family_n when_o it_o be_v never_o my_o design_n to_o mention_v any_o but_o the_o best_a nor_o all_o of_o those_o neither_o for_o they_o will_v swell_v into_o volume_n but_o only_o those_o that_o lay_v in_o the_o way_n and_o method_n i_o propose_v for_o finish_v this_o work_n yet_o in_o another_o place_n i_o hope_v by_o god_n permission_n to_o do_v somewhat_o of_o this_o kind_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o english_a nobility_n but_o whoever_o take_v it_o so_o heinous_o may_v probable_o be_v of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v the_o least_o serviceable_a to_o their_o country_n and_o who_o claim_n their_o nobility_n from_o a_o modern_a date_n the_o same_o person_n it_o may_v be_v will_v condemn_v i_o for_o commend_v some_o who_o be_v live_v but_o i_o have_v do_v it_o brief_o with_o moderation_n and_o a_o assurance_n of_o their_o merit_n from_o a_o reputation_n establish_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o discern_a world_n and_o not_o from_o a_o principle_n of_o flattery_n yet_o from_o that_o commendation_n i_o have_v give_v they_o they_o themselves_o be_v admonish_v that_o their_o behaviour_n be_v not_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v not_o only_o support_v but_o increase_v their_o character_n posterity_n whatever_o writer_n commit_v to_o paper_n will_v do_v justice_n to_o every_o one_o in_o their_o character_n and_o to_o they_o i_o appeal_v from_o this_o present_a age_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n let_v they_o remember_v that_o to_o praise_v the_o good_a be_v but_o to_o hang_v out_o a_o light_n to_o those_o that_o come_v after_o we_o for_o it_o be_v a_o true_a say_n of_o symmachus_n imitation_n receive_v encouragement_n from_o the_o promotion_n of_o the_o good_a and_o a_o emulation_n to_o virtuous_a action_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o example_n of_o another_o honour_n if_o any_o one_o say_v that_o i_o have_v seek_v occasion_n to_o mention_v and_o commend_v this_o or_o that_o person_n i_o be_o ready_a to_o confess_v it_o for_o it_o be_v not_o criminal_a to_o use_v the_o good_a with_o a_o due_a respect_n and_o we_o ought_v to_o have_v some_o grain_n of_o allowance_n for_o the_o good_a desert_n of_o our_o friend_n but_o which_o way_n soever_o it_o come_v about_o virtue_n and_o honour_n have_v always_o enemy_n to_o encounter_v and_o man_n general_o express_v a_o veneration_n for_o what_o be_v past_a and_o vent_v their_o spleen_n at_o what_o be_v present_a far_o be_v it_o from_o i_o that_o i_o shall_v be_v so_o partial_a a_o judge_n of_o man_n and_o manner_n as_o to_o think_v our_o age_n under_o the_o government_n of_o such_o great_a prince_n barren_a of_o man_n of_o worth_n and_o character_n but_o those_o who_o grudge_v the_o virtuous_a a_o good_a name_n i_o fear_v may_v complain_v that_o they_o themselves_o be_v point_v at_o by_o a_o similitude_n of_o manner_n in_o the_o discredit_n and_o scandal_n of_o the_o bad_a some_o will_v accuse_v i_o of_o leave_v out_o this_o or_o that_o little_a town_n or_o castle_n as_o if_o i_o have_v design_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o beside_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o ancient_a nor_o can_v it_o have_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o have_v mention_v they_o since_o nothing_o memorable_a in_o they_o but_o their_o bare_a name_n for_o that_o which_o i_o first_o propose_v to_o myself_o be_v to_o search_v out_o and_o illustrate_v those_o place_n which_o caesar_n tacitus_n ptolemy_n antoninus_n augustus_n provinciarum_fw-la notitia_fw-la and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n have_v record_v the_o name_n whereof_o time_n have_v either_o lose_v change_v or_o corrupt_v in_o search_n of_o which_o i_o neither_o confident_o affirm_v what_o be_v uncertain_a nor_o conceal_v what_o be_v probable_a but_o i_o will_v not_o have_v it_o lay_v to_o my_o charge_n that_o i_o have_v not_o hit_v upon_o all_o though_o i_o have_v be_v at_o the_o expense_n and_o trouble_n of_o make_v a_o industrious_a enquiry_n any_o more_o than_o it_o be_v object_v to_o the_o miner_n that_o in_o dig_v whilst_o he_o trace_n out_o the_o great_a vein_n of_o metal_n he_o overlook_v the_o small_a and_o hide_a one_o or_o to_o borrow_v that_o say_n of_o columella_n as_o in_o a_o great_a wood_n it_o be_v the_o business_n of_o a_o keen_a huntsman_n to_o take_v what_o game_n he_o can_v upon_o the_o haunt_n nor_o be_v it_o ever_o lay_v to_o any_o one_o as_o a_o fault_n that_o he_o do_v not_o take_v all_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v for_o i_o somewhat_o must_v be_v leave_v for_o the_o labour_n of_o other_o man_n nor_o be_v he_o a_o good_a teacher_n say_v a_o great_a man_n who_o teach_v every_o thing_n and_o leave_v nothing_o for_o the_o invention_n of_o other_o another_o age_n a_o new_a race_n of_o man_n 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express_v a_o neatherd_n beichiad_n by_o the_o britain_n the_o thief_n of_o their_o own_o country_n the_o gaul_n say_v sidonius_n 6._o vargae_fw-la li._n 4._o ep._n 6._o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vargae_n now_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o glossary_a of_o the_o church_n of_o llandaffe_n that_o thief_n be_v former_o call_v varga_n call_v there_o be_v no_o word_n in_o british_a beginning_n with_o five_o consonant_n but_o instead_o of_o that_o they_o make_v use_v of_o gw._n however_o be_v there_o any_o such_o as_o gweriad_n or_o veriad_n it_o seem_v too_o remote_a from_o varga_n veriad_n in_o the_o british_a allobroges_n allobroges_n the_o allobrogae_fw-la say_v that_o ancient_a and_o excellent_a scholiast_n upon_o juvenal_n be_v therefore_o so_o call_v because_o brogae_fw-la among_o the_o gaul_n signify_v a_o country_n and_o sense_n and_o alia_fw-la say_v sammes_n do_v not_o signify_v another_o in_o french_a but_o only_o in_o greek_a and_o the_o british_a bro_fw-mi come_v from_o the_o phaenician_a baro_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n alla_n another_o as_o be_v translate_v thither_o from_o some_o other_o country_n now_o bro_n in_o welch_n signify_v a_o country_n and_o mountain_n and_o aâ—h_o in_o composition_n signify_v another_o as_o alhtudh_fw-mi extraneus_fw-la alhturoich_n in_o old_a british_a may_v also_o signify_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mountain_n allan_n without_o or_o extraneous_a so_o that_o the_o etymology_n be_v just_a the_o same_o in_o both_o language_n there_o be_v say_v pliny_n a_o herb_n like_o plantain_n call_v by_o the_o gaul_n glastum_fw-la glastum_fw-la glastum_fw-la with_o which_o many_o writer_n say_v the_o britain_n use_v to_o paint_v themselves_o this_o be_v that_o herb_n which_o we_o now_o call_v woad_n woad_n woad_n it_o make_v a_o blue_a or_o sky_n colour_n which_o colour_n be_v call_v glass_n by_o the_o welsh_a to_o this_o day_n this_o herb_n according_a to_o pliny_n be_v by_o the_o greek_n call_v isatis_n correct_v isatis_n the_o herb_n vitrum_fw-la luteum_fw-la in_o caesar_n pomp._n mela_n correct_v and_o the_o dyer_n term_v it_o vitrum_fw-la as_o we_o learn_v from_o oribasius_n out_o of_o who_o pomponius_n mela_n may_v easy_o be_v correct_v by_o insert_v vitro_fw-la instead_o of_o ultro_fw-la in_o that_o place_n where_o he_o say_v britanni_n etc._n etc._n ultro_fw-la corpora_fw-la infecti_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v uncertain_a whether_o it_o be_v for_o ornament_n or_o some_o other_o end_n that_o the_o britain_n die_v their_o body_n with_o vitrum_fw-la or_o woad_n câ—ctus_fw-la câ—ctus_fw-la the_o gallathae_fw-la for_o galatian_n in_o asia_n minor_n who_o speak_v the_o same_o language_n with_o our_o ancient_a gaul_n have_v as_o we_o learn_v from_o st._n jerome_n a_o little_a shrub_n which_o they_o call_v coccus_n with_o which_o they_o make_v a_o deep_a red_a or_o scarlet_a colour_n and_o that_o very_a colour_n be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v coach_n in_o the_o british_a language_n that_o the_o brachae_n brachae_fw-la brachae_fw-la be_v a_o sort_n of_o habit_n common_a to_o the_o gaul_n and_o britain_n we_o have_v show_v before_o diodorus_n siculus_n describe_v these_o brachae_n as_o a_o sort_n of_o a_o coarse_a particoloured_a garment_n now_o foul_a totter_a clothes_n be_v by_o the_o present_a britain_n call_v brat_n call_v brattian_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o our_o north_n countryman_n brat_n brati_fw-la if_o laina_n laina_n laina_n be_v a_o old_a gaulish_a word_n as_o be_v hint_v in_o that_o place_n of_o strabo_n where_o he_o say_v the_o gaul_n weave_v themselves_o thick_a coat_n of_o coarse_a wool_n which_o they_o call_v lainae_fw-la the_o britain_n have_v not_o go_v very_o far_o from_o that_o word_n who_o now_o call_v wool_n by_o the_o name_n of_o wool_n of_o gwlan_n in_o british_a be_v wool_n glawn_n festus_n pompeius_n tell_v we_o that_o 97._o that_o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o sing_n quantity_n of_o their_o verse_n etc._n etc._n see_v draiton_n polyolb_n p._n 67._o as_o selden_n there_o quote_v it_o from_o dr._n powel_n as_o also_o p._n 97._o bardus_n bardus_n bardus_n in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o gaul_n signify_v a_o singer_n now_o that_o word_n be_v absolute_o british_n we_o learn_v out_o of_o martial_a and_o other_o that_o bardocucullus_fw-la bardocucullus_fw-la bardocucullus_fw-la be_v a_o sort_n of_o garment_n wear_v by_o the_o gaulish_a bard_n now_o as_o vates_fw-la as_o bardh_n in_o british_a vates_fw-la bard_n so_o the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o word_n remain_v entire_a among_o the_o modern_a britain_n who_o call_v a_o cloak_n cucullus_fw-la cloak_n cochol_n cucullus_fw-la cucul._n gaul_n say_v pliny_n yield_v a_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o corn_n which_o the_o native_n call_v brance_n brance_n brance_n we_o sandalum_fw-la a_o very_a fine_a sort_n of_o grain_n among_o the_o britain_n likewise_o a_o sort_n of_o grain_n which_o yield_v a_o pure_a white_a flower_n be_v call_v brance_n call_v gwenith_n ffrank_n in_o british_a but_o it_o be_v a_o modern_a word_n and_o signify_v french-wheat_n so_o that_o we_o must_v not_o fancy_v it_o to_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o the_o gaulish_a brance_n guine_v vranc_n and_o with_o we_o in_o norfolk_n branke_n the_o herb_n which_o the_o greek_n from_o its_o five_o leaf_n call_v pentaphyllon_n be_v by_o the_o gaul_n call_v pempedula_n pempedula_fw-la pempedula_fw-la as_o we_o find_v in_o apuleius_n now_o folia_fw-la now_o pump-dail_a in_o british_a be_v quinque_fw-la folia_fw-la pymp_n in_o the_o british_a signify_v five_o and_o deilen_v a_o leaf_n as_o pymp_n for_o five_o so_o peter_n be_v the_o word_n among_o the_o gaul_n for_o four_o as_o we_o learn_v out_o of_o festus_n who_o will_v therefore_o have_v petoritum_n petoritum_n petoritum_n a_o gaulish_a chariot_n or_o waggon_n to_o be_v so_o name_v from_o its_o four_o wheel_n now_o the_o word_n pedwar_n signify_v four_o among_o the_o britain_n rota_fw-la britain_n and_o which_o make_v the_o relation_n great_a rhod_n be_v rota_fw-la among_o the_o wooden_a instrument_n the_o canterium_fw-la of_o the_o latin_n the_o same_o which_o we_o in_o english_a call_v a_o leaver_n the_o gaul_n say_v isidore_n call_v gwia_fw-la gwia_fw-la gwia_fw-la and_o it_o be_v now_o call_v gwif_n call_v gwyn_n be_v the_o true_a name_n though_o the_o modern_a author_n usual_o write_v f_o for_o v_a spell_n it_o gwif_n guif_n in_o welch_n betulla_n betulla_n betulla_n pliny_n say_v be_v a_o gaulish_a tree_n we_o call_v it_o birch_n he_o will_v say_v it_o be_v a_o british_a tree_n too_o if_o he_o be_v now_o alive_a for_o it_o grow_v very_o plentiful_o in_o britain_n and_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a force_v welsh_a in_o the_o plural_a badwen_n but_o this_o look_v something_o force_v bedw_n wine_n dilute_v with_o water_n athenaeus_n say_v the_o gaul_n call_v dercoma_n dercoma_n dercoma_n and_o dwr_n signify_v water_n among_o our_o britain_n in_o like_a manner_n not_o to_o trouble_v you_o with_o too_o many_o instance_n fearne_n according_a to_o dioscorides_n be_v call_v ratis_fw-la ratis_fw-la ratis_fw-la by_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n and_o be_v now_o by_o the_o britain_n call_v rhedyn_n call_v rhedyn_n redin_n the_o elder-tree_n be_v call_v scovy_n scovy_n scovy_n by_o the_o gaul_n and_o now_o by_o the_o britain_n yscaw_n britain_n yscaw_n iscaw_n serratula_n in_o latin_a in_o gaulish_a vetonica_n vetonica_n vetonica_n be_v now_o frêd_n now_o betony_n be_v no_o british_a word_n but_o express_v by_o cribeu_n st._n frêd_n by_o the_o britain_n and_o by_o we_o also_o call_v betony_n that_o which_o in_o pliny_n the_o latin_n call_v terrae_fw-la adeps_fw-la i.e._n the_o fatness_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o gaul_n marga_n marga._n marga._n be_v by_o our_o britain_n call_v marl_n that_o which_o the_o latin_n call_v candida_fw-la marga_n white_a marle_n and_o the_o gaul_n gliscomarga_n gliscomarga_n gliscomarga_n may_v probable_o be_v call_v gluysmarle_n by_o the_o britain_n for_o gluys_n in_o welch_n be_v as_o much_o as_o bright_a or_o shine_a tripetia_n tripetia_n tripetia_n a_o word_n in_o sulpitius_n severus_n say_v to_o be_v use_v by_o the_o gaul_n for_o a_o threefooted_n stool_n be_v by_o the_o britain_n term_v trybedh_n term_v trybedh_n tribet_n the_o measure_n of_o 100_o foot_n the_o gaul_n according_a to_o columella_n call_v candetum_n candetum_n candetum_n in_o british_a it_o be_v kant-troed_n be_v kant-troed_n cantroe_v we_o read_v in_o suetonius_n that_o the_o bill_n or_o beak_n of_o a_o bird_n be_v by_o the_o gaul_n call_v becco_n becco_n becco_n the_o same_o be_v call_v pîg_v call_v pîg_v picinino_n by_o the_o britain_n neither_o shall_v i_o be_v so_o wild_a in_o my_o fancy_n nor_o so_o extravagant_a as_o goropius_n if_o i_o shall_v derive_v suetonius_n galba_n galba_n galba_n which_o signify_v one_o overfat_a from_o the_o british_a word_n word_n word_n the_o present_a british_a know_v nothing_o of_o any_o such_o word_n galluus_fw-la denote_v one_o of_o a_o very_a big_a size_n or_o verrius_n flaccus_n bulga_fw-la bulga_fw-la bulga_fw-la for_o a_o leathern_a budget_n from_o the_o
nation_n or_o language_n beside_o the_o welsh_a shall_v answer_v at_o the_o last_o day_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n the_o name_n of_o britain_n but_o you_o will_v say_v if_o cumero_fw-la be_v the_o primitive_a name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n whence_o then_o come_v albion_n whence_o britain_n a_o name_n which_o have_v so_o much_o prevail_v that_o the_o other_o be_v almost_o forget_v give_v i_o leave_v as_o to_o this_o point_n to_o deliver_v my_o real_a thought_n which_o i_o be_o satisfy_v be_v the_o real_a truth_n the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v consider_v under_o various_a circumstance_n and_o thereupon_o may_v be_v just_o express_v by_o various_a name_n as_o plato_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o cratylus_n and_o if_o you_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o search_v into_o particular_a instance_n both_o of_o modern_a and_o ancient_a time_n you_o must_v needs_o observe_v that_o all_o nation_n have_v be_v by_o stranger_n call_v by_o name_n quite_o different_a from_o what_o they_o call_v themselves_o thus_o they_o who_o in_o the_o language_n of_o their_o own_o country_n be_v call_v israelite_n be_v term_v by_o the_o greek_n hebrew_n and_o jew_n and_o by_o the_o egyptian_n huesi_n as_o manethon_n observe_v because_o they_o have_v shepherd_n for_o their_o king_n thus_o the_o greek_n call_v those_o syrian_n as_o josephus_n write_v who_o name_v themselves_o aramaean_o those_o who_o call_v themselves_o chusii_n be_v by_o the_o greek_n from_o their_o black_a face_n term_a aethiopian_n those_o who_o call_v themselves_o in_o their_o own_o language_n celtae_n the_o greek_n call_v gallatae_fw-la either_o from_o their_o milk_n white_a complexion_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o or_o from_o their_o long_a hair_n as_o i_o just_a now_o observe_v so_o those_o who_o call_v themselves_o in_o their_o own_o language_n teutsch_n numidian_n and_o hellenus_n be_v by_o the_o roman_n term_v germani_n mauri_n and_o graeci_n german_n moor_n and_o greek_n so_o likewise_o at_o this_o day_n not_o to_o produce_v too_o many_o instance_n they_o who_o be_v in_o their_o own_o tongue_n call_v musselman_n magier_n czechi_n besermanni_n be_v by_o all_o other_o european_n call_v turk_n hungarian_n bohemian_o and_o tartar_n and_o even_o we_o in_o england_n who_o in_o our_o own_o tongue_n call_v ourselves_o englishmen_n be_v by_o the_o welsh_a irish_a and_o highland_n scot_n call_v sasson_n i.e._n saxon_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n we_o may_v just_o conceive_v that_o our_o ancestor_n who_o call_v themselves_o cumero_fw-la be_v upon_o some_o other_o account_n either_o by_o themselves_o or_o by_o other_o called_z britons_z from_o whence_o the_o greek_n frame_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o hand_v the_o same_o word_n to_o the_o roman_n thus_o much_o be_v premise_v we_o will_v now_o inquire_v into_o the_o several_a name_n of_o this_o island_n as_o to_o the_o name_n of_o albion_n albion_n albion_n i_o be_o not_o over_o solicitous_a for_o it_o be_v impose_v on_o this_o island_n by_o the_o greek_n for_o distinction_n sake_n all_o the_o island_n that_o lay_v round_o it_o be_v call_v by_o one_o general_a name_n britannicae_n and_o britanniae_fw-la i.e._n the_o britain_n or_o the_o british_a isle_n the_o island_n of_o britain_n say_v pliny_n so_o famous_a in_o the_o writing_n both_o of_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n be_v situate_a to_o the_o northwest_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o but_o just_o opposite_a to_o germany_n france_n and_o spain_n three_o country_n that_o take_v up_o much_o the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n it_o be_v particular_o call_v albion_n whereas_o all_o the_o isle_n which_o be_v about_o it_o be_v call_v in_o general_a britanniae_fw-la britanniae_fw-la britanniae_fw-la whereupon_o catullus_n concern_v caesar_n have_v this_o expression_n hunc_fw-la galliae_fw-la timent_fw-la timent_fw-la britanniae_fw-la both_o gaul_n and_o britain_n our_o great_a caesar_n dread_a also_o in_o the_o same_o epigram_n he_o call_v this_o ultimam_fw-la occidentis_fw-la insulam_fw-la i.e._n the_o far_a island_n of_o the_o west_n the_o name_n of_o albion_n seem_v to_o have_v have_v its_o rise_n mere_o from_o a_o vain_a humour_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o fond_a inclination_n of_o that_o people_n to_o fable_n and_o fictitious_a name_n which_o they_o themselves_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o see_v that_o nation_n have_v upon_o a_o mere_a fiction_n name_v italy_n hesperia_n from_o hesperus_n the_o son_n of_o atlas_n france_n gallatia_n from_o a_o certain_a son_n of_o polyphemus_n etc._n etc._n i_o can_v but_o believe_v that_o in_o the_o same_o fanciful_a humour_n they_o invent_v for_o this_o isle_n also_o the_o name_n of_o albion_n from_o albion_n neptune_n son_n as_o perottus_fw-la and_o lilius_fw-la giraldus_n have_v observe_v before_o i_o white_a i_o so_o a_o isle_n in_o the_o indian_a sea_n be_v call_v leuca_n white_a and_o another_o in_o pontus_n which_o agree_v with_o this_o of_o we_o so_o far_o as_o to_o be_v think_v fortunate_a and_o to_o be_v a_o receptacle_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o those_o great_a hero_n peleus_n and_o achilles_n so_o a_o place_n by_o tiber_n too_o be_v call_v albiona_n mr._n samme_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n will_v have_v it_o derive_v from_o the_o phaenician_a alpin_n a_o high_a mountain_n and_o alben_n white_a unless_o one_o shall_v choose_v rather_o to_o derive_v it_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n which_o festus_n say_v signify_v white_a in_o greek_a whence_o the_o alps_o may_v have_v also_o have_v take_v their_o name_n for_o our_o island_n be_v on_o all_o side_n surround_v with_o white_a rock_n which_o cicero_n call_v mirificas_fw-la moles_n vast_a and_o prodigious_a pile_n for_o which_o reason_n also_o in_o the_o sc._n the_o one_o of_o those_o coin_n of_o antoninus_n pius_n have_v britain_n sit_v upon_o the_o rock_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o excellent_a mr._n thoresby_n of_o leeds_n with_o this_o inscription_n antoninus_n aug._n pius_n p._n p._n tr._n p._n xviii_o reverse_n britannia_fw-la cos_n 1111._o sc._n coin_n of_o antoninus_n pius_n britain_n the_o figure_n of_o britain_n and_o severus_n britain_n be_v figure_v sit_v upon_o rock_n in_o a_o woman_n habit_n and_o by_o the_o british_a poet_n themselves_o be_v style_v 〈◊〉_d style_v the_o learned_a selden_n annot._fw-la ad_fw-la polyolb_n p._n 20._o think_v this_o instance_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o for_o this_o purpose_n because_o in_o antiquity_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o have_v name_n among_o stranger_n correspond_v to_o that_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n so_o the_o redde-sea_n be_v by_o s_o rabâ—_n cuckoe_n tius_fw-la sâ—ephanus_n and_o other_o call_v erythraeus_n and_o nile_n in_o hebrew_n and_o egyptian_a call_v black_a be_v observe_v by_o that_o prince_n of_o learning_n joseph_n scaliger_n to_o signify_v the_o same_o colour_n in_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d use_v for_o it_o by_o homer_n which_o be_v enforce_v by_o the_o black_a statue_n among_o the_o greek_n erect_v in_o honour_n of_o nile_n call_v also_o express_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d inis_fw-la wen_n wen._n inis_fw-la wen._n that_o be_v the_o white_a island_n i_o may_v also_o allege_v that_o orpheus_n in_o his_o argonautic_n fol._n argonautic_n see_v usher_n antiquitat_fw-la britan._n eccles_n p._n 378._o fol._n if_o they_o be_v his_o call_v that_o island_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o white_a land_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o jernis_n or_o ireland_n and_o which_o can_v be_v no_o other_o but_o our_o britain_n the_o same_o which_o in_o a_o few_o verse_n before_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d contagiosis_fw-la li._n 1._o de_fw-la moâ—bis_fw-la contagiosis_fw-la fracastorius_fw-la also_o in_o his_o discourse_n concern_v that_o pestilential_a fever_n which_o go_v in_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o sweat_v sickness_n deliver_v it_o as_o his_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o english_a soil_n which_o lie_v very_o much_o upon_o chalk_n or_o a_o white_a sort_n of_o marle_n suppose_v that_o from_o thence_o our_o island_n take_v the_o name_n of_o albion_n fol._n albion_n see_v usher_n antiquitat_fw-la britan._n eccles_n p._n 378._o fol._n he_o have_v but_o little_a honesty_n and_o as_o little_a modesty_n that_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o that_o idle_a story_n not_o to_o be_v hear_v without_o indignation_n how_o that_o this_o island_n take_v the_o name_n of_o albion_n from_o coast_n from_o as_o buchanan_n will_v not_o allow_v that_o their_o albania_n can_v come_v from_o a_o latin_a word_n so_o neither_o will_n somner_n let_v our_o albion_n have_v that_o original_n but_o with_o albania_n derive_v it_o from_o the_o celtic_a alpâ—n_n alben_n and_o such_o like_a word_n intimate_v a_o mountain_n high_a hill_n etc._n etc._n which_o answer_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n whether_o we_o consider_v
his_o power_n but_o he_o be_v soon_o after_o recall_v and_o succeed_v by_o jovinus_n who_o send_v back_o theodosius_n back_o possible_o a_o place_n corrupt_v theodosius_n proventuside_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o intimate_v the_o necessity_n there_o be_v of_o great_a supply_n and_o how_o much_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n require_v it_o at_o last_o upon_o the_o great_a distress_n that_o island_n be_v report_v to_o be_v in_o theodosius_n be_v dispatch_v hither_o eminent_a for_o his_o exploit_n and_o good_a fortune_n he_o have_v select_v a_o strong_a body_n of_o man_n out_o of_o the_o legion_n and_o cohort_n begin_v this_o expedition_n with_o great_a hope_n the_o pict_n pict_n pict_n be_v at_o that_o time_n divide_v into_o two_o nation_n the_o dicalidonae_n and_o tecturiones_n and_o likewise_o the_o attacotti_n a_o warlike_a people_n and_o the_o scot_n scot_n attacot_n scot_n be_v range_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n for_o spoil_n and_o booty_n as_o for_o gaul_n the_o frank_n and_o saxon_n who_o border_n upon_o it_o be_v always_o make_v inroad_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n and_o what_o by_o the_o spoil_n they_o take_v the_o town_n they_o burn_v and_o the_o man_n they_o kill_v be_v very_o troublesome_a there_o if_o fortune_n will_v have_v favour_v this_o brave_a captain_n now_o bind_v for_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v resolve_v to_o have_v curb_v they_o when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o bologn_n which_o be_v sever_v from_o the_o opposite_a country_n by_o a_o narrow_a sea_n apt_a to_o run_v high_a at_o some_o time_n and_o again_o to_o fall_v into_o a_o plain_a and_o level_a surface_n like_o a_o champaign_n country_n at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v navigable_a without_o danger_n he_o set_v sail_n and_o arrive_v at_o rhutupiae_n a_o safe_a harbour_n over_o against_o it_o when_o the_o batavian_o herulian_o the_o jovii_n and_o victores_fw-la brave_a bold_a man_n who_o follow_v he_o be_v land_v likewise_o he_o set_v forward_o for_o london_n a_o ancient_a town_n augusta_n london_n call_v augusta_n call_v in_o after_o ages_fw-la augusta_n have_v divide_v his_o army_n into_o several_a body_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n disperse_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o lade_v with_o spoil_n and_o booty_n they_o be_v soon_o rout_v and_o force_v to_o leave_v their_o prey_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o cattle_n and_o prisoner_n they_o have_v take_v from_o this_o miserable_a country_n after_o he_o have_v make_v restitution_n of_o the_o booty_n to_o the_o respective_a owner_n save_v only_o some_o small_a part_n to_o refresh_v his_o army_n he_o enter_v the_o city_n in_o great_a state_n which_o though_o in_o the_o utmost_a affliction_n and_o misery_n at_o that_o time_n soon_o revive_v upon_o it_o in_o hope_n of_o recovery_n and_o protection_n for_o the_o future_a this_o success_n soon_o put_v he_o upon_o great_a design_n yet_o to_o proceed_v wary_o he_o consider_v upon_o the_o intelligence_n he_o have_v get_v from_o fugitive_n and_o captive_n that_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n as_o the_o enemy_n compose_v of_o several_a nation_n and_o those_o of_o a_o fierce_a heady_a temper_n be_v not_o to_o be_v rout_v but_o by_o stratagem_n and_o surprise_n have_v publish_v his_o declaration_n and_o a_o pardon_n therein_o to_o such_o as_o will_v lay_v down_o their_o arm_n he_o order_v all_o deserter_n and_o other_o disperse_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n for_o forage_v and_o provision_n to_o repair_v to_o he_o this_o bring_v in_o many_o upon_o which_o reinforcement_n he_o think_v to_o take_v the_o field_n but_o defer_v it_o upon_o other_o consideration_n till_o he_o can_v have_v civilis_n civilis_fw-la civilis_fw-la send_v to_o be_v his_o deputy_n a_o man_n somewhat_o passionate_a but_o very_o just_a and_o upright_o and_o also_o dulcitius_n dulcitâ—s_n dulcitâ—s_n a_o gallant_a captain_n and_o experience_v in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n afterward_o take_v heart_n he_o go_v from_o augusta_n former_o call_v londinum_n with_o a_o good_a army_n which_o with_o much_o ado_n he_o have_v raise_v and_o thereby_o prove_v a_o great_a support_n to_o the_o sink_a state_n of_o the_o poor_a britain_n he_o take_v in_o all_o such_o place_n as_o may_v favour_v he_o in_o cut_v off_o the_o enemy_n by_o ambuscade_n and_o impose_v nothing_o upon_o the_o common_a soldier_n but_o what_o he_o will_v do_v himself_o thus_o he_o discharge_v the_o office_n of_o a_o active_a and_o hardy_a soldier_n as_o well_o as_o of_o a_o brave_a general_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v defeat_v several_a nation_n who_o have_v the_o insolence_n to_o invade_v the_o roman_a empire_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o last_a peace_n and_o restore_v both_o city_n and_o castle_n that_o be_v reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n to_o their_o former_a happiness_n in_o this_o juncture_n there_o happen_v a_o ill_a accident_n which_o may_v have_v be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v timely_o prevent_v one_o valentinus_n britain_n valentine_n raise_v a_o disturbance_n in_o britain_n of_o valeria_n pannonia_n a_o proud_a man_n and_o brother-in-law_n to_o maximinus_n that_o intolerable_a deputy_n afterward_o lieutenant_n be_v banish_v for_o a_o heinous_a crime_n into_o this_o island_n where_o like_o some_o savage_a of_o a_o restless_a temper_n he_o put_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n by_o plot_n and_o insurrection_n against_o theodosius_n and_o that_o pure_o out_o of_o pride_n and_o envy_n he_o be_v the_o only_a man_n that_o can_v cope_v with_o he_o however_o that_o he_o may_v proceed_v with_o conduct_n and_o security_n in_o these_o ambitious_a pursuit_n he_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v in_o all_o exile_n and_o deserter_n to_o he_o with_o the_o encouragement_n and_o prospect_n of_o much_o booty_n but_o these_o design_n take_v air_n and_o come_v to_o the_o general_n be_v ear_n before_o they_o be_v full_a ripe_a for_o execution_n he_o take_v care_n like_o a_o wise_a captain_n to_o be_v before_o hand_n with_o he_o both_o to_o prevent_v and_o punish_v the_o conspirator_n valentinus_n himself_o with_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o his_o cabal_n he_o commit_v to_o dulcitius_n to_o see_v execute_v but_o upon_o lay_v thing_n together_o for_o he_o be_v the_o wise_a and_o most_o experience_a soldier_n of_o his_o time_n he_o will_v suffer_v no_o far_o enquiry_n after_o the_o other_o conspirator_n lest_o the_o general_a terror_n which_o it_o will_v strike_v may_v again_o imbroil_v the_o province_n which_o be_v now_o in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n from_o this_o he_o turn_v his_o thought_n upon_o the_o reformation_n of_o some_o thing_n which_o now_o grow_v intolerable_a be_v free_v from_o all_o danger_n that_o may_v divert_v he_o and_o sensible_a that_o fortune_n be_v ever_o favourable_a to_o his_o design_n and_o so_o he_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o repair_n of_o city_n and_o garison-town_n as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v and_o the_o strengthen_v the_o frontier_n and_o castle_n with_o watch_n and_o intrenchment_n have_v thus_o recover_v the_o province_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n he_o restore_v it_o so_o complete_o to_o its_o former_a state_n that_o upon_o his_o motion_n it_o have_v a_o valentia_n a_o rector_n legitimus_fw-la valentia_n lawful_a governor_n set_v over_o it_o and_o be_v afterward_o by_o the_o prince_n order_n call_v valentia_n the_o arean_o a_o sort_n of_o man_n institute_v by_o the_o ancient_n be_v displace_v by_o he_o as_o corrupt_v and_o treacherous_a be_v plain_o convict_v of_o give_v intelligence_n of_o our_o affair_n to_o the_o barbarian_n for_o reward_n and_o bribery_n for_o their_o business_n be_v to_o run_v to_o and_o fro_o with_o news_n from_o the_o neighbour_a country_n to_o our_o captain_n after_o these_o regulation_n and_o some_o other_o make_v by_o he_o with_o great_a applause_n he_o be_v send_v for_o to_o court_n leave_v the_o province_n in_o such_o a_o calm_a and_o happy_a condition_n that_o he_o be_v no_o less_o honour_v for_o his_o success_n and_o victory_n than_o furius_n camillus_n or_o cursor_n papirius_n and_o so_o be_v attend_v with_o the_o acclamation_n of_o all_o as_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n he_o sail_v over_o with_o a_o gentle_a gale_n and_o arrive_v at_o the_o prince_n camp_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n and_o commendation_n for_o these_o famous_a exploit_n here_o a_o statue_n on_o horseback_n be_v erect_v in_o honour_n of_o he_o as_o symmachus_n to_o his_o son_n theodosius_n the_o emperor_n inform_v we_o the_o founder_n of_o your_o stock_n and_o family_n be_v one_o that_o be_v general_n both_o in_o africa_n and_o britain_n honour_v by_o the_o senate_n with_o his_o statue_n on_o horseback_n among_o the_o ancient_a hero_n thus_o claudian_n likewise_o in_o his_o commendation_n ille_fw-la caledoniis_fw-la posuit_fw-la qui_fw-la castra_fw-la pruinis_fw-la qui_fw-la medio_fw-la libyae_n sub_fw-la casside_fw-la pertulit_fw-la aestus_fw-la terribilis_fw-la mauro_n
removal_n of_o his_o body_n from_o wereham_n to_o a_o more_o honourable_a place_n shaftesbury_n and_o the_o murderess_n repent_v of_o that_o wicked_a action_n spend_v the_o rest_n of_o her_o day_n in_o grief_n and_o severe_a penance_n who_o that_o heremod_a on_o the_o reverse_n be_v we_o know_v not_o the_o thirty_o five_o be_v of_o aethelred_n son_n of_o edgar_n by_o alfritha_n the_o only_a weak_a and_o slothful_a prince_n of_o all_o the_o line_n of_o king_n egbert_n endeavour_v to_o govern_v his_o kingdom_n not_o by_o true_a justice_n and_o valour_n as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v but_o by_o trick_n and_o as_o they_o call_v it_o policy_n first_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o the_o dane_n to_o renew_v their_o invasion_n and_o then_o negligent_o or_o unfortunate_o oppose_v they_o he_o bring_v the_o kingdom_n into_o great_a poverty_n and_o calamity_n and_o afterward_o into_o subjection_n unto_o those_o ancient_a enemy_n and_o robber_n of_o the_o country_n by_o his_o laziness_n lose_v all_o that_o his_o forefather_n by_o their_o industry_n have_v acquire_v as_o historian_n say_v st._n dunstan_n foretell_v of_o he_o at_o his_o baptism_n egbert_n begin_v the_o advancement_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reduce_v it_o into_o one_o monarchy_n his_o successor_n valiant_o defend_v and_o settle_a and_o augment_v it_o by_o subdue_a the_o dane_n and_o all_o other_o enemy_n edgar_z enjoy_v it_o in_o full_a peace_n prosperity_n and_o glory_n and_o his_o son_n this_o aethelred_n suffer_v it_o to_o run_v down_o again_o into_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o ever_o it_o be_v and_o indeed_o it_o will_v be_v strange_a to_o imagine_v so_o great_a a_o change_n in_o one_o man_n time_n do_v it_o not_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o ruin_n leave_v unpractised_a in_o his_o long_a reign_n his_o own_o negligence_n cowardice_n want_v of_o intelligence_n unskilfulness_n in_o war_n the_o great_a faction_n enmity_n and_o treason_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o particular_n 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plain_n there_o be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a prospect_n on_o all_o side_n and_o a_o curious_a index_n which_o they_o call_v a_o compass_n for_o the_o use_n of_o mariner_n the_o town_n be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o its_o name_n and_o reputation_n be_v very_o great_a among_o all_o nation_n and_o that_o not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o harbour_n as_o for_o the_o excellence_n of_o the_o native_n sort_n native_n in_o sea-service_n of_o all_o sort_n for_o to_o mention_v not_o other_o this_o town_n give_v be_v to_o sir_n francis_n drake_n drake_n sir_n francis_n drake_n knight_n in_o maritime_a achievement_n without_o dispute_n the_o great_a captain_n of_o our_o age_n who_o first_o to_o repair_v the_o loss_n he_o have_v suffer_v from_o the_o spaniard_n as_o i_o have_v hear_v himself_o say_v as_o it_o be_v block_n do_v up_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n for_o two_o year_n together_o with_o continual_a defeat_v and_o travel_v over_o the_o strait_n of_o dariena_n whence_o 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globular_a head_n find_a by_o mr._n stephens_n in_o braunton_n borough_n in_o this_o county_n lichen_n seu_fw-la muscus_fw-la marinus_fw-la variegatus_fw-la fungus_n auricularis_fw-la caesalpini_fw-la j.b._n fucus_fw-la maritimus_fw-la gallo-pavonis_a pennas_fw-la referens_fw-la c.b._n the_o turkey_n feather_n find_a by_o the_o same_o mr._n stephens_n on_o the_o rock_n near_o exmouth_n plentiful_o lamium_fw-la montanum_fw-la melissa_n folio_fw-la c._n b._n melissa_n fuchsii_n ger._n melissophyllon_fw-la fuchsii_fw-la park_n melissa_n adulterina_fw-la quorundam_fw-la amplis_fw-la foliis_fw-la &_o floribus_fw-la non_fw-la grati_fw-la odoris_fw-la j.b._n baulm-leaved_n archangel_n bastard-baulm_a in_o many_o wood_n in_o this_o county_n and_o particular_o near_o totnes_n this_o be_v the_o plant_n i_o suppose_v that_o the_o author_n of_o phytologia_fw-la britannica_fw-la mean_v by_o melissa_n moldavica_n which_o they_o say_v grow_v in_o mr._n champernon_n wood_n by_o his_o house_n on_o the_o hill_n side_n near_o totnes_n for_o melissa_n moldavica_n be_v a_o plant_n so_o far_o from_o grow_v wild_a with_o we_o that_o it_o continue_v not_o long_o in_o garden_n self-sown_a rubia_n sylvestris_fw-la park_n sylv_n aspera_fw-la quae_fw-la sylvestris_fw-la dioscoridis_n c.b._n sylvestris_fw-la monspessulana_n major_a j.b._n nonnullis_fw-la rubia_n hexaphyllos_fw-la wild_n mad_a it_o grow_v on_o the_o rock_n near_o the_o bridge_n at_o bediford_n and_o all_o along_o the_o hedge_n on_o both_o side_n the_o way_n between_o westly_n and_o bediford_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n of_o this_o county_n durotriges_n next_o to_o the_o danmonii_n eastward_o ptolemy_n in_o his_o geographical_a table_n have_v place_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o he_o style_v they_o in_o greek_a who_o in_o latin_a copy_n be_v write_v durotriges_n the_o very_a same_o people_n who_o the_o britain_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 890._o call_v do_v dwr-gwyr_a according_a to_o asserius_fw-la menevensis_fw-la my_o author_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n and_o be_v a_o britain_n by_o birth_n the_o saxon_n call_v they_o dor_n settan_n as_o we_o at_o this_o day_n the_o county_n of_o dorset_n and_o dorsetshire_n the_o name_n of_o durotriges_n which_o be_v ancient_a and_o pure_o british_a seem_v very_o probable_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o dour_a or_o dwr_n what_o dwr_n what_o which_o in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v water_n and_o trig_n which_o signify_v a_o inhabitant_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v dweller_n by_o the_o water_n or_o seaside_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o other_o etymology_n of_o those_o place_n name_n in_o ancient_a gaul_n where_o former_o the_o same_o language_n with_o that_o of_o britain_n be_v speak_v that_o begin_v or_o end_v with_o dur_n or_o dour_a such_o as_o durocase_n durocottorum_fw-la duranius_n dordonia_n durolorum_n doromellum_fw-la divodurum_n breviodurum_n batavodurum_n ganodurum_n octodurum_n and_o many_o other_o such_o as_o well_o in_o gaul_n as_o britain_n but_o the_o saxon_a word_n dor-setta_a be_v partly_o british_a what_o setta_n what_o partly_o english_a and_o of_o the_o same_o importance_n and_o signification_n as_o durotriges_n for_o settan_n among_o our_o ancestor_n as_o well_o as_o other_o german_n do_v signify_v to_o inhabit_v or_o dwell_v upon_o thus_o we_o find_v the_o mountaineer_n call_v in_o their_o language_n dun-settan_a those_o that_o dwell_v upon_o the_o chiltern-hill_n cyltern-settan_a and_o those_o that_o border_n upon_o the_o river_n a-row_o arow-settan_a as_o the_o german_n call_v those_o who_o dwell_v among_o the_o wood_n holt-satten_n from_o inhabit_v the_o wood_n nor_o do_v the_o britain_n lose_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o ancient_a name_n when_o they_o call_v the_o durotriges_n of_o who_o i_o now_o discourse_v dwrgweir_a that_o be_v dweller_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n for_o their_o country_n for_o a_o long_a way_n about_o 50_o mile_n together_o front_v the_o british_a ocean_n and_o lie_v stretch_v out_o from_o east_n to_o west_n with_o a_o very_a oblique_a shore_n full_a of_o turn_n and_o wind_n dorsetshire_n the_o county_n of_o dorset_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o somersetshire_n and_o wiltshire_n on_o the_o
in_o the_o manor_n of_o breed_v though_o in_o sussex_n descend_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o gavel-kind_n here_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o couâ—t_n keep_v every_o 3_o week_n where_o action_n between_o man_n and_o man_n be_v try_v and_o the_o officer_n be_v exempt_a from_o attend_v the_o assize_n or_o session_n h_o to_o the_o east_n upon_o the_o seashore_n be_v winchelsey_n winchelsey_n winchelsey_n which_o 25._o which_o de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la albion_n pag._n 25._o twine_v false_o imagine_v to_o have_v be_v write_v original_o windchelseum_fw-la from_o its_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o wind_n for_o so_o he_o add_v olim_fw-la vento_fw-la frigori_fw-la &_o ponto_fw-la obnoxium_fw-la unde_fw-la ei_fw-la nomen_fw-la obvenit_fw-la but_o it_o be_v by_o mr._n somner_n interpret_v a_o waterish_a place_n seat_v in_o a_o corner_n which_o exact_o answer_v the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n lie_v at_o the_o corner_n of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n the_o new_a town_n be_v endow_v with_o the_o same_o privilege_n which_o the_o old_a one_o have_v namely_o those_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n to_o which_o it_o belong_v as_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a town_n it_o still_o retain_v that_o of_o send_v 2_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n though_o the_o elector_n be_v but_o very_o few_o the_o town_n be_v most_o miserable_o decay_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o its_o market_n trade_n and_o all_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o note_n a_o argument_n whereof_o be_v that_o the_o grass_n grow_v in_o the_o very_a street_n though_o they_o be_v all_o pave_a to_o that_o degree_n as_o make_v the_o herbage_n sometime_o yield_v 4_o l._n per_fw-la an._n it_o seem_v at_o first_o to_o have_v be_v build_v with_o admirable_a regularity_n the_o street_n stand_v all_o at_o right_a angle_n and_o divide_v into_o 32_o square_n or_o quarter_n as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v there_o be_v ancient_o in_o it_o 3_o parish-church_n though_o there_o be_v now_o only_a the_o chancel_n of_o the_o large_a of_o they_o remain_v which_o be_v the_o present_a parish-church_n the_o stone_n work_v of_o the_o three_o gate_n be_v yet_o stand_v this_o place_n have_v afford_v the_o title_n of_o countess_n to_o elizabeth_n wife_n to_o sir_n moyle_n finch_n and_o daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o sir_n thomas_n heneage_n knight_n have_v be_v before_o create_v viscountess_n of_o maidstone_n by_o k._n james_n 1._o which_o title_n descend_v to_o sir_n tho._n finche_n her_o son_n who_o elder_a son_n heneage_n be_v now_o earl_n of_o winchelsey_n at_o some_o distance_n from_o winchelsea_n be_v selscombe_n selscombe_n selscombe_n where_o as_o also_o in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o county_n be_v mineral-water_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o those_o at_o tunbridge_n and_o altogether_o as_o strong_o impregnate_v more_o to_o the_o east_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o east-guildford_n east-guildford_n east-guildford_n which_o be_v the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o sussex_n eastward_o be_v a_o peculiar_a way_n of_o tithing_n their_o marsh-land_n whereby_o they_o pay_v only_o 3_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n to_o the_o rector_n whilst_o in_o pasture_n but_o if_o plough_v 5_o s._n continuation_n of_o the_o earl_n robert_n the_o last_o earl_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n die_v 5_o car._n 1._o leave_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o sussex_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n but_o he_o have_v no_o issue_n the_o family_n of_o the_o ratcliff_n earl_n of_o sussex_n end_v in_o he_o and_o that_o title_n be_v confer_v on_o the_o 25_o of_o may_v 1644._o upon_o thomas_n lord_n savil_n of_o pontfract_n and_o be_v afterward_o enjoy_v by_o james_n his_o son_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n upon_o which_o thomas_n leonard_n lord_n dacres_n of_o gillisland_n an._n 1674._o have_v this_o honour_n confer_v upon_o he_o more_o rare_a plant_n grow_v wild_a in_o sussex_n alysson_fw-la germanicum_n echioide_v lob._n buglossum_fw-la sylvestre_fw-fr caulibus_fw-la procumbentibus_fw-la c._n b._n borago_fw-la minor_fw-la sylvestris_fw-la park_n cynoglossa_fw-mi fortè_fw-la topiaria_fw-la plinii_n &_o echium_fw-la lappulatum_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la j._n b._n aparine_n major_a plinii_n ger._n small_a wild_a bugloss_n by_o some_o great_a goosegrass_n and_o german_a mudwort_n find_a by_o boxley_n in_o this_o county_n chamaedry_n spuria_fw-la foliis_fw-la pediculis_fw-la oblongis_fw-la insidentibus_fw-la an_fw-mi chamaedryi_fw-la spuriae_fw-la affinis_fw-la rotundifolia_fw-la scutellata_fw-la c._n b_o alysson_fw-la dioscoridis_n montanum_fw-la col._n wild_a or_o bastard_n germander_n with_o leaf_n stand_v on_o long_a footstalk_n in_o moist_a wood_n and_o hedge_n i_o observe_v it_o first_o at_o cockfield_n in_o sussex_n filix_fw-la saxatilis_fw-la ramosa_fw-la maritima_fw-la nostras_fw-la filix_fw-la saxatilis_fw-la crispa_fw-la parkinsoni_fw-la d._n merret_n pin._n small-branched_n stone-fern_n i_o observe_v this_o first_o grow_v on_o the_o rock_n by_o the_o sea_n side_n in_o this_o county_n where_o it_o be_v sometime_o dash_v with_o the_o sea-water_n foeniculum_n vulgar_a common_a fennel_n or_o finckle_n observe_v by_o tho._n willisell_n to_o grow_v plentiful_o at_o the_o west-end_n of_o pemsey_n marsh_n lathyri_fw-la majoris_fw-la species_n flore_fw-la rubente_fw-la &_o albido_fw-la minore_fw-la dumetorum_fw-la sive_fw-la germanicus_n j._n b._n sylvestris_fw-la dod._n angustifolius_fw-la clusii_n ex_fw-la sententia_fw-la j._n b._n sylv_v major_a c._n b._n sylv_v dodonaei_n park_n the_o other_o great_a wild_a lathyrus_n or_o pease-everlasting_a i_o find_v this_o first_o near_o poynings_n a_o village_n on_o the_o down_n of_o sussex_n since_o mr._n dale_n have_v find_v it_o in_o essex_n oenanthe_n cicutae_fw-la fancy_n lobelii_fw-la park_n chaerephylli_n foliis_fw-la c._n b._n succo_n viroso_fw-la cicutae_fw-la fancy_n lobelio_n j._n b._n filipendula_fw-la cicutae_fw-la fancy_n ger._n hemlock_n dropwort_n frequent_v in_o watery_a ditch_n and_o rivulet_n in_o this_o country_n peucedanum_n ger._n vulgar_a park_n germanicum_n c._n b._n minus_n germanicum_n j._n b._n hog_n fennel_n sulphur-wort_n harestrong_n in_o the_o marsh_n ditch_n about_o shoreham_n kent_z by_o rob_n t._o morden_n cantium_n i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o kent_n a_o country_n indeed_o which_o william_n lambard_n a_o person_n eminent_a for_o learning_n and_o piety_n have_v describe_v so_o much_o to_o the_o life_n in_o a_o just_a volume_n and_o have_v be_v so_o lucky_a in_o his_o search_n that_o he_o have_v leave_v but_o very_o little_a for_o those_o that_o come_v after_o he_o yet_o in_o pursuit_n of_o my_o intend_a method_n i_o will_v run_v this_o over_o among_o the_o rest_n and_o lest_o as_o the_o comic_a poet_n say_v any_o one_o shall_v suspect_v i_o agere_fw-la i_o sublesta_fw-la fide_fw-la agere_fw-la to_o be_v a_o pilferer_n i_o here_o grateful_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o be_v my_o foundation_n and_o fountain_n time_n have_v not_o yet_o deprive_v this_o country_n of_o its_o ancient_a name_n but_o as_o caesar_n strabo_n siculus_n carion_n corrupt_o read_v in_o diodorus_n siculus_n diodorus_n siculus_n ptolemy_n and_o other_o call_v it_o cantium_n so_o the_o saxon_n as_o ninnius_n tell_v we_o name_v it_o cant-guar-lantð_a i.e._n the_o country_n of_o man_n inhabit_v kent_n and_o we_o now_o kent_n 119._o kent_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o herodotus_n be_v caesar_n cantii_n and_o our_o kentish-man_n see_v camden_n epistle_n p._n 119._o lambard_n fetch_v this_o name_n from_o cainc_n signify_v in_o british_a a_o green_a leaf_n because_o it_o be_v former_o shade_v with_o wood_n but_o for_o my_o part_n if_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v the_o liberty_n of_o a_o conjecture_n when_o i_o observe_v that_o here_o britain_n shoot_v out_o into_o a_o large_a corner_n eastward_o and_o far_o take_v notice_n that_o such_o a_o corner_n in_o scotland_n be_v call_v cantir_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n also_o of_o another_o angle_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o island_n be_v by_o ptolemy_n call_v cantae_n that_o the_o cangani_fw-la be_v possess_v of_o another_o corner_n in_o wales_n not_o to_o mention_v the_o cantabri_n inhabit_v a_o corner_n among_o the_o celtiberian_n who_o as_o they_o have_v the_o same_o original_n so_o do_v they_o make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o language_n with_o our_o britain_n upon_o these_o ground_n i_o shall_v guess_v it_o to_o have_v that_o name_n from_o the_o situation_n and_o the_o rather_o both_o because_o our_o french_a have_v use_v corner_n use_v from_o whence_o in_o heraldry_n canton_n be_v put_v for_o a_o corner_n and_o the_o country_n of_o the_o helvetii_n call_v by_o the_o french_a cantones_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v corner_n canton_n for_o a_o corner_n borrow_v it_o probable_o from_o the_o ancient_a language_n of_o the_o gaul_n for_o it_o be_v not_o either_o from_o the_o german_a or_o latin_a which_o together_o with_o that_o ancient_a one_o be_v the_o only_a ingredient_n of_o our_o modern_a french_a as_o also_o because_o this_o county_n be_v call_v angulus_n or_o a_o corner_n by_o all_o the_o old_a geographer_n for_o it_o face_n france_n with_o a_o large_a corner_n surround_v tamar_n surround_v this_o in_o
employ_v his_o thought_n about_o this_o question_n and_o solve_v it_o thus_o 7._o de_fw-fr civiâ—â—_n dei_fw-la l._n 16._o c._n 7._o wolf_n and_o other_o animal_n may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v get_v into_o the_o island_n by_o swim_v but_o they_o must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v near_o so_o stag_n every_o year_n swim_v out_o of_o italy_n into_o sicily_n for_o pasture_n but_o then_o there_o be_v some_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o continent_n that_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v possible_a for_o any_o beast_n to_o swim_v to_o they_o if_o we_o suppose_v that_o man_n may_v have_v catch_v they_o and_o carry_v they_o over_o it_o agree_v well_o enough_o with_o that_o delight_n they_o take_v in_o hunt_v though_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o they_o may_v be_v carry_v over_o by_o angel_n at_o the_o express_a command_n of_o god_n or_o at_o least_o by_o his_o permission_n but_o if_o they_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o their_o first_o original_n when_o god_n say_v let_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o a_o live_a soul_n it_o be_v much_o more_o evident_a that_o all_o kind_n be_v in_o the_o ark_n not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o reparation_n of_o the_o species_n as_o to_o be_v a_o type_n of_o the_o several_a nation_n â—â—cramâ—â—â—â—_n nation_n pâ—â—pter_fw-la eâ—â—lâ—siae_fw-la â—â—cramâ—â—â—â—_n for_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o church_n especial_o if_o the_o earth_n produce_v many_o animal_n in_o the_o island_n whither_o they_o can_v not_o pass_v thus_o he_o nor_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v bring_v upon_o this_o subject_n more_o perfect_a and_o nice_a let_v it_o be_v enough_o for_o i_o to_o have_v propose_v it_o the_o consideration_n of_o it_o i_o leave_v to_o the_o reader_n and_o he_o that_o see_v far_a into_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o matter_n shall_v have_v my_o judgement_n for_o a_o pry_n and_o quick_a man_n over-against_o this_o place_n in_o the_o continent_n be_v the_o morini_n moâ—ini_n moâ—ini_n seat_v so_o call_v in_o the_o ancient_a language_n of_o the_o celtae_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v maritime_a people_n or_o dweller_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n their_o country_n be_v now_o call_v conte_n de_fw-fr guines_n and_o conte_n de_fw-fr bolonois_fw-fr and_o have_v former_o two_o most_o note_a place_n gessoriacum_n and_o itium_n from_o whence_o caesar_n have_v tell_v we_o poâ—â—â—_n itius_n poâ—â—â—_n be_v the_o most_o convenient_a passage_n out_o of_o gaul_n into_o britain_n most_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o callais_n but_o hospitalius_fw-la that_o great_a and_o learned_a chancellor_n of_o france_n a_o very_a excellent_a antiquary_n affirm_v calais_n not_o to_o be_v a_o ancient_a town_n and_o that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o small_a village_n such_o as_o the_o french_a call_v burgado_n till_o philip_n earl_n of_o bologne_n wall_v it_o round_o not_o many_o year_n before_o it_o be_v take_v by_o the_o english_a nor_o do_v we_o any_o where_n read_v that_o before_o those_o time_n any_o one_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o into_o britain_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o think_v itium_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o another_o place_n namely_o a_o little_a low_o near_o blackness_n at_o vitsan_n by_o we_o call_v whitsan_n a_o word_n which_o seem_v to_o carry_v in_o it_o something_o of_o itium_n for_o that_o this_o be_v the_o common_a port_n from_o our_o island_n and_o the_o usual_a place_n also_o of_o set_v sail_n hither_o from_o that_o kingdom_n may_v be_v observe_v from_o our_o history_n etc._n history_n insomuch_o that_o certain_a land_n be_v hold_v in_o coperland_n near_o dover_n by_o sâ—â—â—ice_n to_o hold_v the_o king_n head_n between_o dover_n and_o whitsand_n whensoever_o he_o cross_v the_o sea_n there_o and_o etc._n etc._n insomuch_o that_o ludovicus_n junior_n king_n of_o france_n when_o he_o come_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o thomas_n of_o canterbury_n humble_o request_v of_o that_o saint_n by_o way_n of_o intercession_n that_o none_o may_v be_v shipwreck_a between_o vitsan_n and_o dover_n imply_v that_o then_o this_o be_v the_o most_o commodious_a passage_n to_o and_o again_o and_o indeed_o fraâ—â—â—_n the_o sâ—â—â—est_a passage_n between_o england_n and_o fraâ—â—â—_n this_o straight_a be_v not_o any_o where_n more_o contract_v though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o must_v imagine_v that_o the_o seaman_n do_v not_o steer_v their_o course_n along_o the_o short_a road_n but_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o harbour_n on_o both_o coast_n so_o though_o the_o sea_n be_v narrow_a between_o blacnesse_n in_o france_n and_o the_o nesse_n in_o england_n yet_o the_o passage_n now_o be_v between_o dover_n and_o calais_n as_o in_o former_a age_n before_o vitsan_n be_v stop_v up_o it_o be_v between_o that_o and_o dover_n and_o before_o that_o time_n also_o between_o rhutupiae_n and_o gessoriacum_n gessoriacum_n gessoriacum_n from_o whence_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n and_o other_o general_n i_o have_v mention_v set_a sail_n into_o britain_n pliny_n seem_v to_o call_v this_o gessoriacum_n the_o british_a haven_n of_o the_o morini_n possible_o from_o set_v sail_n thence_o for_o britain_n and_o ptolemy_n in_o who_o it_o have_v creep_v into_o the_o place_n of_o itium_n gessoriacum_n navale_fw-mi the_o harbour_n or_o dock_n gessoriacum_n in_o which_o sense_n also_o the_o britain_n call_v it_o bowl_v long_o for_o that_o gessoriacum_n be_v the_o sea-port-town_n call_v by_o ammianus_n bononia_n by_o the_o french_a bolongue_v â—â—le_n 〈◊〉_d in_o â—â—le_n by_o the_o dutch_a beunen_n and_o by_o we_o bolen_n i_o dare_v positive_o affirm_v against_o boëtius_n the_o scotch_a writer_n and_o turnebus_n depend_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o b._n rhenanus_fw-la who_o have_v the_o sight_n of_o a_o old_a military_a velâ—_n the_o peuâ—enan_n â—â—le_v now_o â—lished_v m._n velâ—_n table_n wherein_o it_o be_v write_v gessoriacum_n quod_fw-la nunc_fw-la bononia_n i.e._n gessoriacum_n which_o be_v now_o bononia_n as_o also_o upon_o the_o course_n of_o the_o itinerary_n where_o the_o distance_n exact_o answer_v that_o antoninus_n have_v make_v between_o the_o ambiani_n or_o amiens_n and_o gessoriacum_n but_o what_o convince_v i_o beyond_o any_o thing_n else_o be_v that_o the_o pirate_n in_o the_o faction_n of_o carausius_n be_v by_o one_o panegyric_n speak_v to_o constantius_n the_o emperor_n say_v to_o be_v take_v and_o shut_v up_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bâ—â—il_a 〈◊〉_d gessoriacum_n and_o by_o another_o speak_v to_o constantine_n the_o great_a his_o son_n they_o be_v affirm_v to_o have_v be_v rout_v at_o 5._o 〈◊〉_d 5._o bononia_n so_o that_o bononia_n and_o gessoriacum_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o town_n and_o the_o old_a name_n of_o these_o two_o seem_v to_o have_v grow_v into_o disuse_n about_o that_o time_n for_o we_o must_v not_o suppose_v that_o author_n of_o that_o note_n can_v possible_o blunder_v about_o the_o place_n before_o so_o great_a prince_n and_o when_o the_o thing_n be_v so_o fresh_a upon_o their_o memory_n glorious_a memory_n and_o that_o victory_n so_o glorious_a but_o what_o have_v i_o to_o do_v with_o france_n those_o place_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o mention_v the_o more_o willing_o because_o the_o valour_n of_o our_o ancestor_n have_v be_v often_o signalise_v upon_o this_o coast_n particular_o in_o their_o take_n of_o calais_n and_o bolen_n from_o the_o french_a the_o latter_a whereof_o they_o surrender_v after_o 8_o year_n for_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n at_o the_o humble_a request_n of_o that_o people_n but_o hold_v the_o first_o in_o spite_n of_o they_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 212_o year_n now_o let_v we_o return_v to_o britain_n with_o a_o favourable_a tide_n from_o dover_n founder_v dover_n leave_v the_o little_a abbey_n of_o bradsole_n dedicate_v to_o st._n radegund_n whereof_o hugh_n the_o first_o abbot_n be_v founder_v the_o chalky_a rock_n as_o it_o be_v hang_v one_o by_o another_o run_v in_o a_o continue_a ridge_n for_o 5_o mile_n together_o â—â—stone_n â—â—stone_n as_o far_o as_o folkstone_n which_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a town_n from_o the_o roman_a coin_n brick_n coin_n and_o britain_n brick_n daily_o find_v in_o it_o but_o what_o name_n it_o have_v be_v uncertain_a it_o be_v probable_o one_o of_o those_o tower_n which_o under_o theodosius_n the_o young_a the_o roman_n as_o gildas_n tell_v we_o build_v upon_o the_o south_n sea-coast_n of_o britain_n at_o certain_a distance_n to_o guard_v they_o against_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n it_o be_v famous_a on_o the_o account_n of_o religion_n because_o of_o the_o nunnery_n build_v there_o by_o eanswida_n daughter_n of_o eadbald_a king_n of_o kent_n now_o it_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o little_a village_n the_o sea_n have_v wear_v off_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v notwithstanding_o a_o barony_n of_o the_o family_n de_fw-fr abrincis_fw-la â—kâ—â—â—ne_n 〈◊〉_d â—kâ—â—â—ne_n from_o who_o it_o come_v to_o crevequer_n
and_o be_v at_o last_o bury_v but_o the_o wise_a sort_n think_v that_o this_o place_n take_v its_o name_n from_o guy_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n who_o live_v much_o late_a and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o richard_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n earl_n of_o warwick_n build_v and_o dedicate_v here_o a_o chapel_n to_o s._n margaret_n and_o set_v up_o the_o high_a the_o eight_o foot_n high_a giantlike_a statue_n of_o the_o famous_a guy_n still_o remain_v l_o from_o warwick_n the_o avon_n with_o a_o full_a body_n pass_v by_o charlcott_n charlcott_n charlcott_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o noble_a and_o knightly_a family_n of_o the_o lucy_n which_o long_o since_o hereditary_o pass_v to_o they_o from_o the_o charlcott_n who_o out_o of_o a_o pious_a intent_n build_v a_o religious_a house_n house_n house_n william_n de_fw-fr lucy_n son_n of_o walter_n de_fw-fr charlcott_n first_o assume_v this_o name_n temp_n henr._n 3._o and_o build_v the_o religious_a house_n for_o the_o support_n and_o entertainment_n of_o poor_a people_n and_o stranger_n at_o thellisford_n for_o the_o brook_n be_v call_v thelley_n which_o run_v by_o compton_n murdack_n heretofore_o belong_v to_o the_o murdack_n now_o to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o verneys_n knight_n and_o thence_o by_o this_o thellisford_n fall_v into_o avon_n which_o river_n within_o a_o little_a way_n salute_v stratford_n a_o pretty_a handsome_a market-town_n that_o owe_v its_o ornament_n and_o beauty_n chief_o to_o its_o two_o native_n john_n de_fw-fr stratford_n avon_n stratford_n upon_o avon_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n itinerar_n canterbury_n the_o south-isle_n be_v build_v by_o he_o but_o the_o choir_n by_o t._n balshal_n and_o the_o north_n and_o south_n cross_n by_o the_o executor_n of_o hugh_n clopton_n the_o church_n be_v collegiate_n and_o the_o college_n now_o stand_v regist_n wigorn._n lel._n itinerar_n who_o found_v the_o church_n here_o and_o hugh_n clopton_n sometime_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n who_o at_o extraordinary_a expense_n build_v the_o stone-bridge_n here_o over_o the_o avon_n consist_v of_o 14_o arch_n he_o be_v young_a brother_n of_o a_o ancient_a family_n which_o take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o adjacent_a manor_n of_o clopton_n from_o the_o time_n that_o walter_n cocksfield_n style_v knight-marshal_n fix_v his_o seat_n here_o at_o clopton_n for_o himself_o and_o posterity_n their_o inheritance_n in_o our_o time_n descend_v to_o two_o sister_n coheir_n one_o of_o they_o marry_v to_o sir_n george_n carew_n a_o famous_a kt._n vice_n chamberlain_n to_o her_o most_o serene_a majesty_n queen_n anne_n who_o k._n james_n create_v baron_n carew_n of_o clopton_n clopton_n baron_fw-fr carew_n of_o clopton_n and_o who_o if_o for_o no_o other_o reason_n i_o can_v omit_v for_o the_o great_a respect_n he_o pay_v to_o venerable_a antiquity_n m_o avon_n seeâ—_n nothing_o more_o on_o its_o bank_n beside_o bitford_n a_o small_a market-town_n and_o some_o little_a country_n village_n before_o it_o make_v its_o entry_n into_o worcestershire_n now_o let_v we_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o woodland_n woodland_n woodland_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o northernside_n of_o avon_n extend_v itself_o into_o a_o much_o great_a compass_n than_o the_o feldon_n for_o the_o most_o part_n clothe_v with_o wood_n yet_o not_o want_v pasture_n or_o cornfield_n and_o have_v several_a vein_n of_o have_v of_o no_o vein_n of_o iron_n be_v ever_o yet_o find_v in_o this_o county_n in_o the_o border_n of_o it_o viz._n worcestershire_n and_o staffordshire_n there_o have_v iron_n as_o it_o be_v now_o call_v the_o woodland_n so_o by_o a_o more_o ancient_a name_n it_o be_v call_v arden_n arden_n arden_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v word_n import_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o arden_n with_o the_o ancient_a britain_n and_o gaul_n do_v denote_v a_o wood._n and_o we_o know_v in_o france_n a_o vast_a wood_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o arden_n and_o a_o town_n in_o flanders_n situate_v near_o another_o wood_n be_v call_v ardenburg_n and_o that_o celebrate_a forest_n of_o england_n pare_n off_o the_o first_o syllable_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o den._n not_o to_o mention_v that_o diana_n diana_n diana_n which_o in_o 229._o in_o see_v selden_n polyolbion_n pag._n 229._o the_o old_a gallic_a inscription_n be_v call_v ardwena_n ardwena_n ardwena_n and_o ardoina_n i.e._n if_o i_o be_o not_o much_o mistake_v sylvestris_n or_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o be_v the_o same_o that_o in_o the_o italic_a inscription_n be_v call_v nemorensis_n or_o diana_n of_o the_o grove_n from_o this_o part_n turkiil_n de_fw-fr arden_n who_o reside_v here_o and_o be_v in_o great_a favour_n with_o king_n henry_n 1._o assume_v that_o surname_n and_o his_o descendant_n the_o arden_n famous_a in_o succeed_a age_n be_v branch_v out_o into_o all_o part_n of_o england_n on_o the_o western-side_n of_o the_o woodland_n the_o river_n arrow_n n_o make_v haste_n by_o studly_n studley_n studley_n some_o age_n since_o a_o castle_n belong_v to_o john_n son_n of_o corbutio_n to_o join_v the_o river_n avon_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v so_o call_v as_o tigris_n a_o river_n of_o mesopotamia_n which_o in_o the_o persian_a language_n signify_v a_o arrow_n from_o the_o swiftness_n of_o its_o current_n or_o from_o its_o flow_n course_n for_o that_o the_o word_n ara_n among_o the_o old_a britain_n and_o gaul_n import_v i_o leave_v to_o the_o search_n of_o other_o river_n other_o who_o have_v better_a observe_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o river_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o arrow_n lie_v coughton_n coughton_n coughton_n the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o throckmortons_n throckmortons_n throckmortons_n knight_n who_o since_o they_o marry_v with_o the_o heiress_n of_o speney_n grow_v very_o numerous_a famous_a and_o fruitful_a of_o good_a wit_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o lie_v ouseley_n memorable_a for_o the_o ancient_a lord_n thereof_o the_o butler_n baron_n of_o wem_n from_o who_o it_o hereditary_o descend_v to_o the_o ferrars_n of_o ousley_n ousley_n ousley_n who_o inheritance_n in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o john_n lord_n of_o greistocke_n and_o ralph_n nevil_n a_o little_a low_o upon_o arrow_n be_v seat_v beauchamp_n court_n court_n beauchamp_v court_n so_o call_v from_o baron_n beauchamp_n of_o powicke_n from_o who_o by_o the_o only_a daughter_n of_o edward_n willoughby_n son_n of_o robert_n willoughby_n lord_n brook_n it_o come_v to_o sir_n fulk_n grevill_n grevill_n grevill_n kt_n a_o person_n no_o less_o esteem_v for_o the_o sweetness_n of_o his_o temper_n than_o dignity_n of_o his_o station_n who_o only_a son_n of_o the_o same_o name_n so_o entire_o devote_v himself_o to_o the_o study_n of_o real_a virtue_n and_o honour_n that_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o mind_n far_o exceed_v that_o of_o his_o birth_n for_o who_o extraordinary_a favour_n though_o i_o must_v despair_v of_o make_v suitable_a return_n yet_o whether_o speak_v or_o silent_a i_o must_v ever_o preserve_v a_o grateful_a memory_n below_o beauchamp's-court_n the_o river_n alne_n or_o alenus_fw-la fall_v into_o arrow_n which_o in_o its_o course_n through_o a_o woody_a country_n pass_v by_o henly_n henly_n henly_n a_o litde_fw-mi market_n town_n near_o which_o the_o montfort_n a_o noble_a family_n of_o great_a name_n have_v a_o castle_n that_o from_o its_o delightful_a situation_n on_o a_o hill_n amid_o the_o wood_n be_v call_v by_o a_o french_a name_n bell_n desert_n but_o the_o castle_n have_v long_o since_o be_v bury_v in_o its_o own_o ruin_n they_o derive_v their_o pedigree_n not_o from_o the_o almarian_n family_n of_o the_o montfort_n but_o from_o turstan_n de_fw-fr bastanberg_n a_o norman_a their_o inheritance_n at_o length_n pass_v away_o by_o daughter_n to_o the_o baron_n of_o sudley_n and_o the_o frevil_n just_o at_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n arrow_n and_o aulne_v i_o see_v aulcester_n aulcester_n aulcester_n by_o matthew_n paris_n call_v allencester_n and_o that_o more_o proper_o the_o inhabitant_n because_o it_o have_v be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a note_n and_o antiquity_n will_v needs_o have_v the_o true_a name_n to_o be_v ouldeester_fw-mi this_o be_v as_o we_o read_v in_o a_o old_a inquisition_n a_o free_a burrough_n of_o our_o lord_n henry_n 1._o which_o the_o same_o king_n give_v to_o robert_n corbet_n for_o his_o service_n and_o when_o the_o same_o robert_n die_v it_o descend_v to_o william_n to_o sir_n william_n william_n de_fw-fr botereux_fw-fr and_o to_o peter_n the_o son_n of_o herbert_n and_o when_o william_n de_fw-fr botereux_n die_v his_o moiety_n descend_v to_o reginald_n de_fw-fr botereux_fw-fr as_o heir_n who_o now_o hold_v it_o exchequer_n a_o bâ—â—â—_n in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o when_o peter_n the_o son_n of_o herbert_n die_v his_o moiety_n descend_v to_o herbert_n the_o son_n of_o peter_n which_o herbert_n give_v it_o to_o robert_n de_fw-fr chaundois_n arms._n chaundois_n but_o now_o it_o be_v decay_v and_o of_o a_o very_a great_a town_n become_v a_o small_a market_n of_o
we_o wreckceter_n and_o wroxceter_n wroxceâ—_n wroxceâ—_n it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o cornavii_n and_o build_v probable_o by_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o fortify_v the_o bank_n of_o the_o severn_n which_o be_v only_o here_o fordable_a and_o not_o any_o where_o low_a towards_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o but_o this_o be_v shatter_v by_o the_o saxon_a war_n be_v quite_o destroy_v in_o that_o of_o the_o dane_n and_o be_v now_o a_o very_a little_a village_n inhabit_v only_o by_o countrypeople_n who_o frequent_o plough_v up_o ancient_a coin_n that_o bear_v witness_n of_o its_o antiquity_n here_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v of_o it_o but_o a_o very_a few_o relic_n of_o break_a wall_n call_v by_o the_o people_n length_n people_n this_o stand_v near_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n be_v about_o 20_o foot_n high_a and_o 100_o in_o length_n the_o old_a work_n of_o wroxceter_n which_o be_v build_v of_o hew_a stone_n and_o lay_v in_o dine_v in_o septeâ—plici_fw-la britâ—nicarum_fw-la dine_v seven_o row_n distance_n row_n in_o equal_a distance_n arch_v within_o after_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o britain_n that_o where_o these_o be_v be_v former_o a_o castle_n be_v probable_a from_o the_o unevenness_n of_o the_o ground_n heap_n of_o earth_n and_o here_o and_o there_o the_o rubbish_n of_o wall_n the_o plot_n where_o this_o city_n stand_v which_o be_v no_o small_a spot_n of_o ground_n be_v a_o black_a earth_n than_o the_o rest_n and_o yield_v the_o large_a crop_n of_o the_o best_a barley_n g_o below_o this_o city_n go_v that_o roman_a military_a highway_n call_v watling-streete_n either_o through_o a_o ford_n or_o over_o a_o bridge_n to_o the_o stratton_n stratton_n stratton_n before_o mention_v which_o name_n import_v they_o be_v town_n seat_v by_o the_o highway_n the_o foundation_n of_o which_o bridge_n be_v late_o discover_v a_o little_a above_o in_o set_v a_o wear_v for_o so_o they_o call_v a_o fish_n damn_n in_o the_o river_n but_o now_o there_o be_v no_o tract_n 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relic_n of_o dalaley-castle_n â—alaley_n â—alaley_n which_o upon_o the_o banishment_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o arundel_n king_n rich._n 2._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n do_v annex_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o chester_n which_o he_o have_v erect_v not_o far_o from_o the_o foot_n of_o this_o hill_n in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o valley_n by_o that_o roman_a military_a highway_n be_v okenyate_n â—kenyate_n â—kenyate_n a_o small_a village_n of_o some_o note_n for_o the_o pit-coal_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o low_a situation_n and_o that_o distance_n which_o antoninus_n say_v us-ocona_a be_v both_o from_o uriconium_n and_o pennocrucium_n undoubted_o must_v be_v the_o same_o with_o itinerar_n with_o write_a also_o according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o copy_n usoccona_n and_o uxacona_n burton_n itinerar_n us-ocona_a â—s-ocona_a â—s-ocona_a nor_o do_v the_o name_n make_v against_o the_o conjecture_n for_o it_o be_v compound_v of_o the_o word_n be_v which_o in_o welsh_a signify_v 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wood-land_n country_n found_v by_o the_o family_n of_o beaumeis_n who_o heir_n be_v marry_v into_o the_o house_n of_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zouch_n but_o see_v there_o be_v little_o leave_v but_o ruin_n i_o will_v leave_v it_o and_o proceed_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n tern_n lie_v draiton_n â—raiton_n â—raiton_n upon_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o it_o where_o during_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n be_v a_o battle_n fight_v very_o fatal_a to_o the_o gentry_n of_o cheshire_n for_o though_o victory_n neither_o turn_v her_o balance_n on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o yet_o they_o be_v divide_v and_o adhere_v to_o both_o party_n be_v cut_v off_o in_o great_a number_n low_o down_o and_o pretty_a near_o the_o tern_n lie_v hodnet_n former_o inhabit_v by_o gentleman_n of_o that_o name_n from_o who_o by_o the_o ludlow_n it_o hereditary_o fall_v to_o the_o vernons_n 2._o 〈◊〉_d ed._n 2._o it_o be_v former_o hold_v of_o the_o honour_n of_o montgomery_n by_o the_o service_n of_o be_v steward_n of_o that_o honour_n the_o tern_n after_o that_o pass_v by_o some_o small_a village_n be_v join_v by_o a_o rivulet_n call_v rodan_n and_o after_o it_o have_v run_v a_o few_o mile_n far_o near_a uriconium_n before_o speak_v of_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o severn_n not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o this_o river_n rodan_n stand_v wem_n â—em_v â—em_v where_o may_v be_v see_v the_o stand_v the_o there_o be_v nothing_o now_o to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o bank_n upon_o which_o it_o stand_v mark_n of_o a_o intend_a castle_n it_o be_v the_o barony_n of_o william_n pantulph_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o norman_a time_n from_o who_o posterity_n it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o butler_n and_o from_o they_o by_o the_o ferrer_n of_o ouseley_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o greystock_n to_o the_o baron_n dacre_n of_o gillesland_n belong_v gillesland_n the_o tile_n of_o this_o barony_n be_v give_v by_o k._n james_n 2._o to_o sir_n george_n jeffreys_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n and_o be_v now_o descend_v to_o his_o son_n to_o who_o the_o manor_n and_o royalty_n of_o it_o do_v belong_v a_o little_a distant_a from_o this_o upon_o a_o woody_a hill_n or_o rather_o rock_n which_o be_v ancient_o call_v rad-cliff_n stand_v a_o castle_n upon_o a_o very_a high_a ground_n call_v from_o the_o red_a stone_n red-castle_n â—ed-castle_n â—ed-castle_n and_o by_o the_o norman_n castle_n rous_n heretofore_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o audley_n by_o the_o bounty_n of_o maud_n the_o stranger_n or_o le-strange_a but_o now_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v but_o decay_a wall_n remain_v wall_n which_o yet_o make_v a_o fair_a show_n hol._n but_o at_o present_a they_o make_v none_o some_o small_a token_n of_o it_o only_o remain_v scarce_o a_o mile_n off_o be_v a_o spot_n of_o ground_n where_o a_o small_a city_n once_o stand_v the_o very_a ruin_n of_o which_o be_v almost_o extinct_a but_o the_o roman_a coin_n that_o be_v find_v there_o with_o such_o brick_n as_o they_o use_v in_o building_n be_v evidence_n of_o its_o antiquity_n and_o founder_n the_o people_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n call_v it_o bery_n from_o burgh_n and_o they_o affirm_v it_o to_o have_v be_v very_o famous_a in_o king_n arthur_n day_n glory_n day_n as_o the_o common_a sort_n ascribe_v whatsoever_o be_v ancient_a and_o strange_a to_o king_n arthur_n glory_n after_o that_o upon_o the_o same_o river_n appear_v morton-corbet_n turet_n morton-corbet_n ancient_o a_o house_n of_o the_o family_n of_o turet_n â—astle_n â—orton-â—orbet_a â—astle_n a_o castle_n of_o the_o corbet_n where_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n robert_n corbet_n to_o gratify_v the_o fancy_n he_o have_v for_o architecture_n begin_v a_o noble_a piece_n of_o building_n model_n building_n in_o a_o barren_a place_n after_o the_o italian_a model_n for_o his_o future_a magnificent_a and_o more_o splendid_a habitation_n but_o death_n countermand_v his_o
find_v no_o occasion_n of_o mistake_n for_o example_n in_o regard_n the_o letter_n c._n in_o the_o welsh_a and_o irish_a be_v before_o all_o vowel_n pronounce_v like_o k._n as_o cilcen_n be_v read_v kilken_a but_o in_o every_o other_o language_n obtain_v that_o pronunciation_n only_o before_o a._n o._n and_o u._n i_o have_v in_o such_o word_n as_o be_v pure_o welsh_a substitute_v k._n for_o it_o in_o the_o pronunciation_n whereof_o all_o language_n agree_v nor_o can_v the_o critic_n in_o the_o welsh_a call_v this_o a_o innovation_n the_o letter_n k._n be_v common_a in_o ancient_a mss._n though_o never_o use_v in_o print_a book_n i_o have_v also_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n take_v the_o same_o liberty_n in_o writing_n five_o for_o f_o and_o f_o for_o ff_n lh_n for_o will_v and_o dh_fw-mi for_o dd._n and_o whereas_o the_o word_n lhan_n in_o the_o name_n of_o church_n be_v common_o join_v with_o that_o which_o follow_v as_o lhanèlian_n lhaniestin_n etc._n etc._n i_o think_v it_o better_a orthography_n to_o separate_v it_o writing_n lhan_n elian_n which_o signify_v st._n aelian_n church_n and_o lhan_n jestin_n i.e._n st._n justin_n as_o for_o the_o annotation_n i_o have_v add_v at_o the_o end_n of_o each_o county_n such_o as_o have_v the_o letter_n of_o direction_n prefix_v be_v note_n on_o those_o place_n they_o refer_v to_o in_o the_o text_n with_o occasional_a addition_n and_o whereas_o in_o some_o county_n i_o have_v note_n to_o add_v which_o do_v not_o refer_v at_o all_o to_o any_o part_n of_o the_o text_n i_o have_v insert_v they_o after_o the_o annotation_n with_o this_o mark_n ¶_o prefix_a what_o i_o have_v add_v be_v general_o observation_n of_o my_o own_o and_o where_o they_o be_v not_o so_o i_o have_v take_v care_n to_o inform_v the_o reader_n i_o find_v upon_o perusal_n of_o cornwall_n and_o those_o other_o county_n you_o late_o send_v i_o that_o the_o additional_a note_n on_o the_o english_a county_n be_v much_o more_o complete_a than_o these_o and_o somewhat_o in_o a_o different_a method_n but_o my_o task_n be_v too_o large_a to_o be_v well_o perform_v by_o one_o hand_n except_o more_o time_n have_v be_v allow_v and_o have_v receive_v no_o pattern_n for_o imitation_n but_o only_o some_o general_a instruction_n i_o know_v not_o how_o far_o i_o may_v enlarge_v and_o to_o have_v jump_v into_o the_o same_o method_n must_v have_v be_v a_o great_a accident_n however_o i_o find_v the_o difference_n be_v not_o very_o material_a nor_o be_v it_o of_o any_o great_a moment_n what_o method_n we_o use_v in_o annotation_n so_o we_o take_v care_n to_o add_v nothing_o but_o what_o may_v seem_v to_o the_o best_a of_o our_o apprehension_n pertinent_a and_o instructive_a what_o fault_n you_o find_v in_o the_o orthography_n i_o desire_v you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o correct_v and_o also_o in_o the_o phrase_n where_o you_o suppose_v it_o convenient_a and_o where_o we_o disagree_v in_o the_o sense_n i_o shall_v upon_o notice_n thereof_o either_o give_v direction_n to_o alter_v it_o or_o offer_v some_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_n oxford_n sept._n 13._o 1694._o i_o be_o sir_n your_o oblige_a friend_n and_o servant_n edw._n lhwyd_n pronunciation_n of_o the_o welsh_z ch_z be_v pronounce_v as_o the_o english_a gh_o among_o the_o vulgar_a in_o the_o north_n but_o more_o rough_o dh_fw-mi as_o the_o in_o the_o word_n this_o that_o etc._n etc._n g_o as_o the_o english_a g_o in_o the_o word_n gain_n gift_n etc._n etc._n i_o as_o in_o english_a in_o the_o word_n win_v kin_n but_o never_o as_o in_o wind_n kind_a etc._n etc._n lh_n be_v only_o a_o sibilate_v l_o and_o be_v pronounce_v in_o respect_n of_o l_o as_o the_o with_o reference_n to_o t._n u_o as_o the_o english_a i_o in_o the_o word_n limb_n he_o etc._n etc._n w_n be_v always_o a_o vowel_n and_o pronounce_v like_o the_o english_a oh_o y_z as_o i_o in_o the_o english_a word_n three_o bird_n o_o in_o honey_n money_n u_o in_o mud_n must_v etc._n etc._n all_o the_o other_o letter_n be_v pronounce_v as_o in_o english_a and_o never_o alter_v their_o pronunciation_n '_o denote_v a_o long_a vowel_n as_o mân_n be_v pronounce_v like_o the_o english_a word_n mane_n '_o show_v only_a the_o accent_n in_o short_a vowel_n south_n wales_n by_o rob_n t_o morden_n radnorshire_n on_o the_o northwest_n of_o herefordshire_n lie_v radnorshire_n in_o british_a sîr_n vaesÅ·ve_v of_o a_o triangular_a form_n and_o gradual_o more_o narrow_a where_o it_o be_v extend_v westward_o on_o the_o south_n the_o river_n wye_n divide_v it_o from_o brecknock_n and_o on_o the_o north-part_n lie_v mongomeryshire_n the_o eastern_a and_o southern_a part_n be_v well_o cultivate_v but_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v so_o uneven_a with_o mountain_n that_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v manure_v though_o well-stored_n with_o wood_n and_o water_v with_o rivulet_n and_o in_o some_o place_n stand_v lake_n towards_o the_o east_n it_o have_v beside_o other_o castle_n of_o the_o lord_n marcher_n now_o almost_o all_o bury_v in_o their_o own_o ruin_n castelh_n pain_n to_o adorn_v it_o which_o be_v build_v and_o so_o call_v by_o pain_n a_o norman_a and_o castelh_n colwen_n â—â—lwen_v â—â—â—telh_o â—â—lwen_v which_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o be_v former_o call_v maud-castle_n in_o colwent_n â—â—wn_n â—â—ud-â—â—stle_a v._o â—â—stelh_n â—â—wn_n for_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n of_o that_o name_n much_o note_v whereof_o robert_n de_fw-fr todney_n a_o very_a eminent_a person_n be_v governor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n 2._o it_o be_v think_v to_o have_v belong_v before_o to_o the_o breose_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n and_o to_o have_v receive_v that_o name_n from_o maud_n of_o st._n valeric_a par._n pâ—â—taâ—â—sâ—â—aâ—â—tth_n â—â—tth_z par._n a_o †_o malapert_n woman_n wife_n of_o william_n breos_n who_o rebel_v against_o king_n john_n this_o castle_n be_v demolish_v by_o the_o welsh_a be_v rebuilt_a of_o stone_n by_o king_n henry_n 3._o in_o the_o year_n 1231._o but_o of_o great_a note_n be_v radnor_n â—â—dnor_n â—â—dnor_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o county_n call_v in_o british_a maesÅ·ve_v fair_a build_v but_o with_o thatch_a house_n as_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o that_o country_n former_o it_o be_v well_o fence_v with_o wall_n and_o a_o castle_n but_o be_v by_o that_o rebellious_a owen_n glyn_n dòwrdwy_n â—â—yndwr_n â—â—en_o â—â—yndwr_n lay_v in_o ash_n it_o decay_v daily_o as_o well_o as_o old_a radnor_n radnor_n use_v radnor_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n maesÅ·ved_a hên_n and_o from_o its_o high_a situation_n pencraig_n which_o have_v be_v burn_v by_o rhÅ·_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n if_o i_o shall_v say_v this_o maesÅ·ve_v be_v that_o city_n magos_n which_o antoninus_n seem_v to_o call_v magnos_fw-la â—â—gi_fw-la â—â—gi_fw-la where_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o notitia_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la the_o commander_n of_o the_o pacensian_a regiment_n lie_v in_o garrison_n under_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a in_o my_o own_o judgement_n and_o perhaps_o other_o may_v entertain_v the_o same_o thought_n i_o shall_v not_o be_v much_o mistake_v for_o we_o find_v that_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o middle_a age_n call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n magesetae_fw-la â—â—gesâ—tae_fw-la â—â—gesâ—tae_fw-la and_o also_o mention_v comites_fw-la masegetense_n and_o magesetense_n and_o the_o distance_n from_o gobannium_n or_o abergavenni_a as_o also_o from_o brangonium_fw-la or_o worcester_n differ_v very_o little_a from_o antonine_n computation_n about_o three_o mile_n to_o the_o east_n of_o radnor_n lie_v prestean_n â—â—estean_a â—â—estean_a in_o british_a lhan_n andras_n or_o st._n andrews_n which_o from_o a_o small_a village_n in_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o grandfather_n be_v now_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o encouragement_n of_o martin_n lord_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n become_v so_o eminent_a a_o market_n town_n that_o it_o do_v in_o some_o measure_n eclipse_n radnor_n scarce_o four_o mile_n hence_o lie_v knighton_n â—â—ighton_n â—â—ighton_n which_o may_v vie_v with_o prestean_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v trebuclo_n for_o treuÅ·klawdh_n from_o the_o dike_a dike_n 〈◊〉_d dike_n that_o lie_v under_o it_o which_o be_v cast_v up_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o industry_n by_o offa_n the_o mercian_n as_o a_o boundary_a between_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o britain_n f_o on_fw-we the_o mouth_n of_o dee_n to_o that_o of_o the_o river_n wye_n for_o the_o space_n of_o about_o 90_o mile_n whence_o the_o britain_n have_v call_v it_o klawdh_n offa_n or_o offa_n dyke_n concern_v which_o joannes_n sarisburiensis_n in_o his_o polycraticon_n say_v that_o harald_n establish_v a_o law_n that_o whatever_o welshman_n shall_v be_v find_v arm_v on_o this_o side_n the_o limit_n he_o have_v set_v they_o to_o wit_n offa_n dike_n his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o king_n officer_n asleep_o all_o the_o
die_v a_o exile_n in_o france_n but_o his_o wife_n be_v take_v suffer_v the_o worst_a of_o misery_n for_o she_o be_v starve_v in_o prison_n and_o thus_o do_v severe_a penance_n for_o her_o scurrilous_a language_n his_o son_n giles_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n have_v without_o regard_n to_o his_o nephew_n who_o be_v the_o true_a heir_n recover_v his_o father_n estate_n by_o permission_n of_o king_n john_n leave_v it_o to_o his_o brother_n reginald_n who_o son_n william_n be_v hang_v by_o lhewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n who_o have_v catch_v he_o in_o adultery_n with_o his_o wife_n but_o by_o the_o daughter_n of_o that_o william_n the_o mortimer_n cantelow_n and_o bohun_v earl_n of_o hereford_n enjoy_v plentiful_a fortune_n this_o country_n of_o brecknock_n fall_v to_o the_o bohun_v and_o at_o length_n from_o they_o to_o the_o staffords_z and_o upon_o the_o attainder_n of_o edward_n stafford_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n considerable_a revenue_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o this_o county_n this_o county_n have_v 61_o parish_n addition_n to_o brecknockshire_n asleep_o upon_o the_o river_n wye_n be_v bualht_v whereof_o in_o the_o year_n 1690._o a_o considerable_a part_n be_v that_o side_n of_o the_o street_n next_o the_o river_n wye_n be_v by_o a_o casual_a fire_n total_o consume_v b_o whether_o this_o town_n of_o bualht_n be_v the_o ancient_a bullaeum_fw-la or_o whether_o that_o city_n or_o fort_n allow_v it_o to_o have_v be_v in_o this_o county_n be_v not_o at_o a_o place_n call_v kaereu_n kaereu_n kaereu_n some_o mile_n distant_a from_o it_o may_v be_v question_v at_o leastwise_o it_o be_v evident_a there_o have_v be_v a_o roman_a fort_n at_o kaereu_n for_o beside_o that_o the_o name_n imply_v as_o much_o signify_v strict_o the_o wall_n or_o rampire_n and_o be_v prefix_v by_o the_o britain_n to_o the_o name_n of_o almost_o all_o roman_a town_n and_o castle_n they_o frequent_o dig_v up_o brick_n there_o and_o find_v other_o manifest_a sign_n of_o a_o roman_a work_n it_o be_v now_o only_a the_o name_n of_o a_o gentleman_n house_n and_o not_o far_o from_o it_o there_o be_v also_o another_o house_n call_v castelhan_n if_o it_o be_v urge_v in_o favour_n of_o buelht_n that_o it_o seem_v still_o to_o retain_v its_o ancient_a name_n which_o ptolemy_n may_v render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o buelht_n signify_v buelht_o what_o it_o signify_v which_o i_o interpret_v colles_n boum_fw-la ox-cliff_n or_o oxen-holt_n be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o small_a country_n here_o from_o whence_o in_o all_o likelihood_n the_o ancient_a bullaeum_fw-la if_o it_o stand_v in_o this_o tract_n be_v denominate_v but_o that_o be_v total_o destroy_v and_o this_o town_n become_v afterward_o the_o most_o note_a place_n of_o the_o country_n it_o may_v also_o receive_v its_o name_n from_o it_o as_o the_o former_a have_v do_v but_o that_o i_o may_v dissemble_v nothing_o since_o the_o congruity_n of_o the_o name_n be_v the_o main_a argument_n that_o induce_v our_o learned_a author_n to_o assign_v this_o situation_n to_o the_o ancient_a bullaeum_fw-la silurum_fw-la we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n of_o hesitate_v if_o hereafter_o we_o find_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o roman_a fort_n or_o city_n in_o a_o neighbour_a country_n of_o the_o silures_n the_o name_n whereof_o may_v agree_v with_o bullaeum_fw-la no_o less_o than_o buelht_n c_o of_o the_o famous_a owen_n glyndwr_a yndwr_n owen_n g_o yndwr_n or_o glyn-dowrdwy_a i_o find_v the_o follow_a account_n in_o some_o note_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a antiquary_n robert_n vaughan_n of_o hengwrt_n esq_n sir_n davidh_n gam_n be_v whole_o devote_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v that_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi vychan_n common_o call_v owen_n glyn-dŵr_a be_v his_o mortal_a enemy_n this_o owen_n have_v his_o education_n at_o one_o of_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n and_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o service_n of_o king_n richard_n 2._o who_o scutifer_n as_o walsingham_n say_v he_o be_v owen_n be_v assure_v that_o his_o king_n and_o master_n richard_n be_v depose_v and_o murder_v and_o withal_o provoke_v by_o several_a affront_n and_o wrong_v do_v he_o by_o the_o lord_n grey_n of_o ruthin_n his_o neighbour_n who_o king_n henry_n very_o much_o countenance_v against_o he_o take_v arm_n and_o look_v upon_o henry_n as_o a_o usurper_n cause_v himself_o to_o be_v proclaim_v prince_n of_o wales_n and_o though_o himself_o be_v descend_v paternal_o but_o from_o a_o young_a brother_n of_o the_o house_n of_o powis_n yet_o as_o ambition_n be_v ingenious_a he_o find_v out_o a_o way_n to_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o principality_n as_o descend_v by_o a_o daughter_n fâ—om_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o british_a race_n he_o invade_v the_o land_n burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o house_n and_o estate_n of_o all_o those_o that_o favour_a and_o adhere_v to_o king_n henry_n he_o call_v a_o parliament_n to_o meet_v at_o machynlh_v in_o montgomeryshire_n whither_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o wales_n come_v in_o obedience_n to_o his_o summons_n and_o among_o they_o the_o say_v david_n gam_n but_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o murder_n owen_n the_o plot_n be_v discover_v and_o he_o take_v before_o he_o can_v put_v it_o in_o execution_n he_o be_v like_a to_o have_v suffer_v as_o a_o traitor_n but_o intercession_n be_v make_v for_o he_o by_o owen_n best_a friend_n and_o the_o great_a upholder_n of_o his_o cause_n who_o he_o can_v not_o either_o honourable_o or_o safe_o deny_v yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o pardon_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o return_v to_o his_o own_o country_n where_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o considerable_a interest_n he_o exceed_o annoy_v owen_n friend_n not_o long_o after_o owen_n enter_v the_o march_n of_o wales_n destroy_v all_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o have_v then_o burn_v the_o house_n of_o sir_n david_n gam_n it_o be_v report_v he_o speak_v thus_o to_o one_o of_o his_o tenant_n o_o gweli_fw-it di_fw-it wr_fw-mi côch_fw-mi cam_fw-la yn_n ymofyn_n y_fw-fr gyrnigwen_n dyw_v you_o bôd_v hi_o tan_o y_fw-mi lan_o a_o nôd_n y_fw-fr glow_n be_v ei_fw-la when_fw-mi the_o british_a name_n of_o this_o river_n be_v wysk_v nomâ—nâ—_n usk._n whencâ—_n nomâ—nâ—_n which_o word_n seem_v a_o derivative_a from_o gwy_a or_o why_o whereof_o the_o reader_n may_v see_v some_o account_n in_o radnorshire_n at_o present_v it_o be_v not_o significative_a in_o the_o british_a but_o be_v still_o preserve_v in_o the_o irish_a tongue_n and_o be_v their_o common_a word_n for_o water_n there_o be_v former_o in_o britain_n many_o river_n of_o this_o name_n which_o may_v be_v now_o distinguish_v in_o england_n by_o these_o shadow_n of_o it_o exit_fw-la ox_n ux_n ouse_n esk_n etc._n etc._n but_o because_o such_o as_o be_v unacquainted_a with_o etymological_a observation_n may_v take_v this_o for_o a_o groundless_a conjecture_n that_o it_o be_v not_o such_o will_v appear_v because_o in_o antonine_n itinerary_n we_o find_v exeter_n call_v isca_n danmoniorum_n from_o its_o situation_n on_o the_o river_n exit_fw-la and_o also_o a_o city_n upon_o this_o river_n usk_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n call_v isca_n leg._n ii_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n by_o rob_n t_o morden_n e_fw-la bernard_n newmarch_n have_v discomfit_v and_o slay_v in_o the_o field_n bledhyn_n ap_fw-mi maenyrch_n meinâ—â—â—ch_n â—â—edhyn_a â—p_n meinâ—â—â—ch_n seize_v on_o the_o lordship_n of_o brecon_n and_o force_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n gwgan_n to_o be_v content_a with_o that_o share_n of_o it_o he_o be_v please_v by_o way_n of_o composition_n to_o appoint_v he_o he_o give_v he_o the_o lordship_n and_o manor_n of_o lhan_n vihangel_n tal_n y_fw-fr lhyn_n part_n of_o lhan_n lhyeni_n and_o kantrev_n seliv_n with_o lodging_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o brecknock_n where_o in_o regard_n he_o be_v the_o rightful_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n there_o be_v such_o a_o strict_a eye_n keep_v over_o he_o that_o he_o be_v not_o permit_v at_o any_o time_n to_o go_v abroad_o without_o two_o or_o more_o norman_a knight_n in_o his_o company_n r._n vaug._n ¶_o at_o a_o place_n call_v y_o gaer_n near_o brecknock_n there_o stand_v a_o remarkable_a monument_n in_o the_o highway_n common_o call_v maen_n y_o morynnion_n â—orynnion_n â—aen_fw-mi y_fw-mi â—orynnion_n or_o the_o maiden_n stone_n it_o be_v a_o rude_a pillar_n erect_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o road_n about_o six_o foot_n high_a two_o in_o breadth_n and_o six_o inch_n thick_a on_o the_o one_o side_n where_o it_o incline_v a_o little_a it_o show_v the_o portraiture_n of_o a_o man_n and_o woman_n in_o some_o ancient_a habit_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v carve_v with_o no_o small_a labour_n though_o with_o little_a art_n for_o the_o figure_n be_v considerable_o raise_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o
of_o the_o river_n avon_n whence_o it_o take_v its_o name_n to_o neath_n a_o river_n infamous_a for_o its_o quicksand_n upon_o which_o stand_v a_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o antonine_n itinerary_n call_v nidum_n â—â—dum_fw-la â—â—dum_fw-la which_o when_o fitz-haimon_a subdue_v this_o country_n fall_v in_o the_o division_n to_o richard_n granvil_n who_o have_v build_v there_o a_o monastery_n under_o the_o town_n and_o consecrate_v his_o dividend_n to_o god_n and_o the_o monk_n return_v to_o a_o very_a plentiful_a estate_n he_o have_v in_o england_n all_o the_o country_n from_o neath_n to_o the_o river_n lochor_n riâ—â—r_n â—â—chor_n riâ—â—r_n which_o be_v the_o western_a limit_n of_o this_o country_n lhychwr_n brit._n lhychwr_n be_v call_v by_o we_o gower_n gower_n gower_n by_o the_o britain_n gŵyr_n and_o by_o ninnius_n guhir_n where_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o son_n of_o keian_n a_o scot_n seat_v themselves_o until_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o kynèdhav_n a_o british_a prince_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o wallingham_n tho._n wallingham_n henry_n earl_n of_o warwick_z subdue_v this_o country_n of_o gower_n which_o afterward_o by_o compact_n betwixt_o thomas_n earl_n of_o warwick_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o devolve_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o king_n john_n bestow_v it_o on_o william_n de_fw-fr breos_n joan._n lib._n monast_n neth_n 5_o reg_n joan._n to_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n for_o all_o service_n and_o his_o heir_n successive_o hold_v it_o till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o for_o at_o that_o time_n william_n de_fw-fr breos_n have_v sell_v it_o to_o several_a person_n that_o he_o may_v ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o king_n delude_v all_o other_o and_o put_v hugh_n spenser_n in_o possession_n of_o it_o and_o that_o among_o several_a other_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o noble_n become_v so_o exasperate_v against_o the_o spenser_n and_o so_o unadvised_o quit_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n it_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o east_n and_o west_n gowerland_n in_o east-gowerland_a the_o most_o note_a town_n be_v sweinsey_n swansey_n swansey_n so_o call_v by_o the_o english_a from_o porpoise_n or_o sea-hog_n and_o by_o the_o britain_n aber-tawi_a from_o the_o river_n tawi_n which_o run_v by_o it_o fortify_v by_o henry_n earl_n of_o warwick_n but_o a_o more_o ancient_a place_n than_o this_o be_v that_o at_o the_o river_n loghor_n loghor_n loghor_n which_o antoninus_n call_v leucarum_n leucarum_n leucarum_n and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n retain_v its_o ancient_a name_n call_v loghor_n in_o british_n kas-lychwr_a where_o about_o the_o death_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o howel_n ap_fw-mi mredydh_fw-mi with_o a_o band_n of_o mountaineer_n surprise_v and_o slay_v several_a englishman_n of_o quality_n beneath_o this_o lie_v west-gow_a which_o the_o sea_n make_v creek_n on_o each_o side_n it_o be_v become_v a_o peninsula_n a_o place_n more_o note_v for_o the_o corn_n it_o afford_v than_o town_n and_o celebrate_v heretofore_o for_o st._n kynedhav_n who_o lead_v here_o a_o solitary_a life_n of_o who_o such_o as_o desire_v a_o far_a account_n maâ—_n consult_v our_o capgrave_n who_o have_v sufficient_o extol_v his_o miracle_n from_o the_o very_a first_o conquest_n of_o this_o country_n glamorgan_n lord_n of_o glamorgan_n the_o clares_z and_o spenser_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n who_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o fitz_n haimon_n be_v lord_n of_o it_o afterward_o the_o beauchamp_n and_o one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o nevil_n and_o by_o a_o daughter_n of_o nevil_n descend_v also_o from_o the_o spenser_n it_o come_v to_o richard_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v slay_v it_o devolve_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o who_o grant_v it_o to_o his_o uncle_n gasper_n duke_n of_o bedford_n he_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o king_n resume_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o eight_o who_o son_n edward_n the_o six_o sold_n most_o part_n of_o it_o to_o william_n herbert_n who_o he_o have_v create_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o baron_n of_o caerdiffe_n of_o the_o offspring_n of_o the_o twelve_o knight_n beforementioned_a there_o remain_v now_o only_o in_o this_o county_n the_o stradling_n a_o family_n very_o eminent_a for_o their_o many_o noble_a ancestor_n with_o the_o turbervils_n and_o some_o of_o the_o fleming_n whereof_o the_o chief_a dwell_v at_o flemmingstone_n call_v now_o corrupt_o from_o they_o flemston_n but_o in_o england_n there_o remain_v my_o lord_n st._n john_n of_o bletso_n the_o granvils_n in_o devonshire_n and_o the_o siwards_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v in_o somersetshire_n the_o issue-male_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v long_o since_o extinct_a and_o their_o land_n by_o daughter_n pass_v over_o to_o other_o family_n parish_n in_o this_o county_n 118._o addition_n to_o glamorganshire_n asleep_o in_o our_o entrance_n upon_o this_o county_n we_o be_v present_v with_o kaer_n phyli-castle_n â—â—er-phyli-â—â—stle_a â—â—er-phyli-â—â—stle_a probable_o the_o noble_a ruin_n or_o ancient_a architecture_n now_o remain_v in_o britain_n for_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o some_o curious_a person_n who_o have_v see_v and_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o most_o note_a castle_n of_o england_n it_o exceed_v all_o in_o bigness_n except_o that_o of_o windsor_n that_o place_n which_o mr._n sanford_n call_v a_o chapel_n be_v probable_o the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o the_o neighbour_a inhabitant_n call_v the_o hall_n it_o be_v a_o stately_a room_n about_o 70_o foot_n in_o length_n 34_o in_o breadth_n and_o 17_o in_o height_n on_o the_o southside_n we_o ascend_v to_o it_o by_o a_o direct_a staircase_n about_o eight_o foot_n wide_a the_o roof_n whereof_o be_v vault_v and_o support_v with_o twenty_o arch_n which_o be_v still_o gradual_o high_a as_o you_o ascend_v the_o entry_n out_o of_o this_o staircase_n be_v not_o into_o the_o middle_n but_o somewhat_o near_o to_o the_o west-end_n of_o the_o room_n and_o opposite_a to_o it_o on_o the_o north-side_n there_o be_v a_o chimney_n about_o ten_o foot_n wide_o on_o the_o same_o side_n there_o be_v four_o stately_a window_n if_o so_o we_o may_v suppose_v they_o two_o on_o each_o side_n the_o chimney_n of_o the_o fashion_n of_o church-window_n but_o that_o they_o be_v continue_v down_o to_o the_o very_a floor_n and_o reach_v up_o high_o than_o the_o height_n of_o this_o room_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v so_o that_o the_o room_n above_o this_o chapel_n or_o hall_n have_v some_o part_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o they_o the_o side_n of_o these_o window_n be_v adorn_v with_o certain_a three-leaved_a knob_n or_o husk_n have_v a_o fruit_n or_o small_a round_a ball_n in_o the_o midst_n on_o the_o wall_n on_o each_o side_n the_o room_n be_v seven_o triangular_a pillar_n like_o the_o shaft_n of_o candlestick_n place_v at_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o floor_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o 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at_o equal_a distance_n which_o be_v about_o nine_o inch_n wide_a and_o eight_o or_o nine_o foot_n high_a four_o whereof_o be_v continue_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pillar_n but_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v about_o the_o middle_a space_n between_o the_o pillar_n and_o come_v down_o low_o than_o the_o rest_n have_v neat_a stone_n jut_v out_o at_o the_o bottom_n as_o if_o intend_a to_o support_v something_o place_v in_o the_o hollow_a grooves_n on_o the_o north-side_n near_o the_o east-end_n there_o be_v a_o door_n about_o eight_o foot_n high_a which_o lead_v into_o a_o spacious_a green_n about_o seventy_o yard_n long_o and_o forty_o broad_a at_o the_o east-end_n there_o be_v two_o low-arched_a door_n within_o a_o yard_n of_o each_o other_o and_o there_o be_v a_o three_o near_o the_o southside_n but_o much_o large_a and_o another_o opposite_a to_o that_o on_o the_o west-end_n the_o reason_n why_o i_o have_v be_v thus_o particular_a be_v
monument_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o wales_n some_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o other_o county_n in_o anglesey_n where_o there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o as_o also_o in_o some_o other_o place_n they_o be_v call_v kromlecheu_a a_o name_n derive_v from_o krwm_n which_o signify_v crooked_a or_o incline_v and_o lhech_v a_o flat_a stone_n but_o of_o the_o name_n more_o hereafter_o it_o be_v general_o suppose_v they_o be_v place_n of_o burial_n but_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o learn_v that_o ever_o any_o bone_n or_o urn_n be_v find_v by_o dig_v under_o any_o of_o they_o edward_z somerset_z lord_z herbert_z of_o chepstow_n ragland_n and_o gower_n obtain_v of_o k._n charles_n 1._o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o glamorgan_n glamogan_n earl_n of_o glamogan_n his_o father_n the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o worcester_n be_v then_o alive_a the_o succession_n of_o which_o family_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o addition_n to_o worcestershire_n dimetae_n of_o the_o remainder_n of_o this_o region_n which_o be_v extend_v westward_o and_o call_v by_o the_o english_a west-wales_n west-wales_n west-wales_n comprehend_v caermardhinshire_n pembrokeshire_n and_o cardiganshire_n be_v think_v by_o pliny_n to_o have_v be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o silures_n but_o ptolemy_n to_o who_o britain_n be_v better_o know_v place_v another_o nation_n here_o who_o he_o call_v dimetae_n and_o demetae_n moreover_o both_o gildas_n and_o ninnius_n use_v the_o word_n demetia_n to_o signify_v this_o country_n whence_o the_o britain_n call_v it_o at_o this_o day_n dyve_v change_v the_o m_n into_o five_o according_a to_o the_o propriety_n of_o that_o language_n if_o it_o will_v not_o be_v think_v a_o strain_a piece_n of_o curiosity_n i_o shall_v be_v apt_a to_o derive_v this_o appellation_n of_o the_o demetae_n from_o the_o word_n deheu-meath_a which_o signify_v the_o southern_a plain_n as_o all_o this_o south-wales_n have_v be_v call_v deheubarth_a i.e._n the_o southern_a part._n and_o i_o find_v that_o elsewhere_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o champain_n country_n in_o britain_n be_v call_v by_o the_o britain_n themselves_o meatae_n nor_o do_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o country_n contradict_v that_o signification_n for_o when_o you_o take_v a_o prospect_n of_o it_o the_o hill_n decline_v gentle_o and_o it_o dilate_v itself_o gradual_o to_o a_o plain_n they_o plain_n see_v it_o be_v the_o custom_n among_o the_o roman_n to_o retain_v such_o name_n of_o the_o place_n they_o conquer_v as_o the_o ancient_a native_n make_v use_v of_o add_v only_o a_o latin_a termination_n it_o may_v seem_v more_o probable_a that_o dimetia_n be_v mâ—de_v out_o of_o the_o british_a name_n dyve_v than_o the_o contrary_n but_o whatever_o the_o original_a name_n of_o this_o county_n may_v be_v i_o can_v subscribe_v to_o our_o author_n conjecture_n of_o the_o etymon_n of_o it_o for_o we_o find_v no_o such_o word_n in_o the_o british_a language_n either_o in_o manuscript_n or_o common_a use_n as_o meath_z for_o a_o plain_a champain_n country_n though_o indeed_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o word_n they_o that_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o those_o county_n will_v scarce_o allow_v it_o applicable_a to_o they_o caermardhinshire_n the_o county_n of_o kaer-vyrdhin_a call_v by_o the_o english_a caermardhinshire_n be_v a_o country_n sufficient_o supply_v with_o corn_n very_o well_o stock_v with_o cattle_n and_o in_o divers_a place_n afford_v plenty_n of_o coal_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o glamorgan_n and_o brecknock_n shire_n on_o the_o west_n with_o pembroke_n on_o the_o north_n divide_v from_o cardiganshire_n by_o the_o river_n teivi_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o main_a ocean_n which_o encroach_v on_o the_o land_n here_o with_o such_o a_o vast_a bay_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o this_o country_n may_v seem_v out_o of_o fear_n to_o have_v withdraw_v itself_o in_o this_o bay_n kydweli_n first_o offer_v itself_o the_o territory_n whereof_o be_v possess_v for_o some_o time_n by_o the_o son_n of_o keianus_n a_o scot_n until_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o kynèdhav_n a_o british_a prince_n but_o now_o it_o be_v esteem_v part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o lancaster_n by_o the_o heir_n of_o maurice_n of_o london_n or_o de_fw-fr londres_n who_o remove_v from_o glamorganshire_n after_o a_o tedious_a war_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o and_o fortify_v old_a kydweli_n with_o wall_n and_o a_o castle_n now_o decay_v with_o age_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n of_o gwen-draeth_a vechan_n build_v new_a kydweli_n invite_v thither_o by_o the_o conveniency_n of_o a_o haven_n which_o yet_o at_o present_a be_v of_o no_o great_a use_n be_v choke_v with_o shelf_n conâ—â—_n â—â—hâ—an_n â—â—an_z of_o â—y_a conâ—â—_n when_o maurice_n of_o london_n invade_v these_o territory_n gwenlhîan_v the_o wife_n of_o prince_n gryffydh_n a_o woman_n of_o invincible_a courage_n endeavour_v to_o restore_v her_o husband_n decline_a state_n enter_v the_o field_n with_o display_v banner_n and_o encounter_v he_o but_o the_o success_n not_o be_v answerable_a to_o her_o courage_n she_o with_o her_o son_n morgan_n and_z divers_z other_z noblemen_z as_o giraldus_n inform_v we_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o field_n â—â—eli_a 〈◊〉_d of_o â—or_a and_o â—â—eli_a by_o hawis_n the_o daughter_n and_o heiress_n of_o london_n of_o sir_n thomas_n of_o london_n thomas_n de_fw-fr londres_n this_o fair_a inheritance_n with_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o ogmor_n and_o kydweli_n descend_v to_o patrick_n chaworth_n and_o by_o a_o daughter_n of_o his_o son_n patrick_n to_o henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n the_o heir_n of_o maurice_n de_fw-fr londres_n as_o we_o read_v in_o a_o old_a inquisition_n be_v oblige_v by_o this_o tenure_n in_o case_n the_o king_n or_o his_o chief_a justice_n shall_v lead_v a_o army_n into_o these_o part_n of_o kydweli_n to_o conduct_v the_o say_a army_n with_o their_o banner_n and_o all_o their_o force_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n of_o neath_n to_o lochor_n â—â—s_o â—â—iver_v 〈◊〉_d or_o â—â—s_o a_o little_a below_o kydweli_n the_o river_n towy_a which_o ptolemy_n call_v tobius_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o ocean_n have_v pass_v the_o length_n of_o this_o county_n from_o north_n to_o south_n first_o by_o lhan_n ym_fw-fr dhyuri_n so_o call_v as_o be_v suppose_v from_o the_o confluence_n of_o river_n which_o out_o of_o malice_n to_o the_o english_a be_v long_o since_o demolish_v by_o howel_n ap_fw-mi rhÅ·s_n â—â—r_fw-fr â—â—r_fw-fr afterward_o by_o dinevor-castle_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o south-wales_n whilst_o they_o flourish_v situate_v aloft_o on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o at_o last_o by_o caermardhin_a which_o the_o britain_n themselves_o call_v kaer-vyrdhin_a ptolemy_n maridunum_n maridunum_n maridunum_n and_o antoninus_n muridunum_n who_o continue_v not_o his_o journey_n any_o far_a than_o this_o place_n caermardhin_a caermardhin_a and_o be_v here_o by_o negligence_n of_o the_o copyist_n ill_o handle_v for_o they_o have_v careless_o confound_v two_o journey_n the_o one_o from_o galena_n to_o isca_n the_o other_o from_o maridunum_n to_o viroconovium_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o county_n pleasant_o seat_v for_o meadow_n and_o wood_n and_o a_o place_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n fortify_v neat_o say_v giraldus_n with_o brick-wall_n partly_o yet_o stand_v on_o the_o noble_a river_n of_o towy_a navigable_a with_o ship_n of_o small_a burden_n though_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v now_o almost_o stop_v with_o a_o bed_n of_o sand._n here_o our_o merlin_n emris_n merlin_n or_o myrdhin_a emris_n the_o british_a tages_n be_v bear_v for_o as_o tages_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o genius_n and_o to_o have_v teach_v the_o tuscan_n soothsaying_a so_o our_o merlin_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o incubus_n devise_v prophecy_n or_o rather_o mere_a fantastical_a dream_n for_o our_o britain_n insomuch_o that_o in_o this_o island_n he_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o eminent_a prophet_n among_o the_o ignorant_a common_a people_n asleep_o soon_o after_o the_o norman_n enter_v wales_n this_o town_n fall_v into_o their_o possession_n but_o by_o who_o mean_n i_o know_v not_o and_o a_o long_a time_n it_o encounter_v many_o difficulty_n have_v be_v often_o besiege_v and_o twice_o burn_v first_o by_o gryffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhÅ·s_fw-mi and_o afterward_o by_o rhÅ·_n the_o say_v gryffydh_n brother_n at_o which_o time_n henry_n turbervil_n a_o englishman_n relieve_v the_o castle_n and_o cut_v down_o the_o bridge_n but_o the_o wall_n and_o castle_n be_v afterward_o repair_v by_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n it_o be_v free_v from_o these_o misery_n so_o that_o be_v thus_o secure_v it_o bear_v the_o tempest_n of_o war_n much_o easy_a afterward_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n settle_v here_o their_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n for_o south-wales_n opposite_a to_o this_o city_n
perform_v this_o for_o three_o year_n he_o desist_v the_o four_o allege_v he_o can_v not_o find_v one_o more_o however_o that_o there_o remain_v some_o long_o after_o be_v manifest_a from_o unquestionable_a record_n the_o inhabitant_n who_o apply_v themselves_o whole_o to_o the_o breed_n of_o cattle_n and_o who_o feed_v on_o milk-meat_n viz._n butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o that_o strabo_n former_o deride_v our_o britain_n as_o ignorant_a of_o the_o art_n of_o make_v cheese_n be_v scarce_o inferior_a to_o any_o people_n of_o britain_n in_o stature_n clear_a complexion_n comeliness_n and_o due_a proportion_n of_o limb_n but_o have_v a_o ill_a character_n among_o their_o neighbour_n for_o incontinency_n and_o idleness_n it_o have_v but_o few_o town_n on_o the_o east_n where_o dyvy_n run_v kwmmwd_a mowdhwy_n mowdhwy_fw-fr mowdhwy_fw-fr be_v a_o place_n well_o know_v which_o be_v former_o the_o inheritance_n of_o william_n otherwise_o call_v wilkok_n mowdhwy_a a_o young_a son_n of_o grufydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o by_o his_o son_n daughter_n it_o descend_v to_o burgh_n to_o sir_n hugh_n burgh_n hugo_n burgh_n and_o again_o by_o daughter_n of_o that_o house_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o newport_n leighton_n lingen_n and_o mitton_n where_o the_o river_n gelheu_fw-la river_n dôl_v gelheu_fw-la avon_n run_v more_o westerly_a lie_v dôl_a gelheu_o a_o small_a market-town_n so_o call_v from_o the_o valley_n wherein_o it_o be_v seat_v b_o and_o close_o by_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o small_a country_n of_o ardudwy_n stand_v the_o castle_n of_o arlech_a harlech_n harlech_n call_v heretofore_o kaer_n kolhwyn_n on_o a_o steep_a rock_n which_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n report_n be_v build_v by_o edward_n 1._o and_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o situation_n for_o arlech_a in_o the_o british_a signify_v on_o a_o rock_n though_o some_o call_v it_o harlech_n hardh-lech_a harlech_n quasi_fw-la hardh-lech_a and_o interpret_v it_o a_o rock_n pleasant_o situate_v when_o england_n be_v embroil_v d_o in_o civil_a war_n davidh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi jenkin_n ap_fw-mi enion_n a_o british_a nobleman_n who_o side_v with_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n defend_v this_o castle_n stout_o for_o a_o long_a time_n against_o edward_n 4._o until_o william_n until_o sir_n william_n william_n herbert_n earl_n of_o penbâ—oke_n force_v his_o way_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o alps_o of_o wales_n though_o a_o very_a toilsome_a journey_n storm_v it_o with_o that_o vigour_n that_o it_o be_v surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n it_o be_v almost_o incredible_a what_o great_a difficulty_n he_o struggle_v with_o in_o this_o troublesome_a journey_n when_o in_o some_o place_n whilst_o he_o ascend_v the_o mountain_n he_o be_v force_v to_o creep_v and_o elsewhere_o in_o descend_v to_o tumble_v down_o in_o a_o manner_n together_o with_o his_o soldier_n whence_o that_o way_n be_v call_v by_o the_o neighbour_n at_o this_o day_n lhé_n herbert_n way_n herbeâ—â—_n way_n c_o high_a up_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o this_o county_n and_o caernarvonshire_n two_o notable_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n encroach_v on_o the_o land_n call_v y_o traeth_n mawr_fw-mi and_o tra_v bychan_o that_o be_v the_o great_a wash_n or_o frith_n and_o the_o lesser_a and_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o near_o a_o small_a village_n call_v festineog_n festâ—â—â—_n festâ—â—â—_n there_o be_v a_o high_a road_n or_o military_a way_n of_o pitch_a stone_n which_o lead_v through_o these_o difficult_a and_o almost_o unpassable_a mountain_n and_o see_v it_o be_v call_v in_o british_a sarn_n helen_n or_o helen_n way_n way_n heleâ—â—_n way_n it_o be_v but_o reasonable_a that_o we_o suppose_v it_o make_v by_o helena_n the_o mother_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a who_o work_n be_v many_o and_o magnificent_a throughout_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v nor_o be_v kaer_n gai_n i.e._n caius_n castle_n far_o from_o this_o place_n build_v by_o one_o caius_n a_o roman_a of_o who_o the_o common_a people_n of_o that_o neighbourhood_n report_v great_a thing_n and_o scarce_o credible_a in_o the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o county_n dee_fw-mi the_o â—â—tains_n oâ—_n dee_fw-mi the_o river_n dee_fw-mi spring_v from_o two_o fountain_n whence_o it_o be_v suppose_v it_o derive_v its_o name_n for_o they_o call_v it_o dŵy_v which_o also_o signify_v the_o number_n two_o though_o other_o contend_v it_o take_v the_o name_n from_o the_o word_n duw_fw-we as_o if_o a_o sacred_a river_n meaâ—_n this_o â—iâ—â—_n be_v calâ—â—_n weâ—sh_n dowâ—â—_n sâ—e_v 〈◊〉_d shire_n 〈◊〉_d not_o r_o pimble_n meaâ—_n and_o some_o from_o dû_fw-fr which_o denote_v black_a from_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o water_n this_o river_n after_o a_o very_a short_a course_n pass_v entire_o and_o unmixed_a through_o a_o large_a lake_n call_v lhyn_n tegid_a in_o english_a pimble_a mear_n and_o fish_n and_o crâ—â—_n for_o iâ—_n meâ—_n guiâ—â—â—_n fish_n plenlyn_n mear_n carry_v out_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o water_n it_o bring_v in_o for_o neither_o be_v the_o gwiniad_n e_fw-la which_o be_v a_o fish_n peculiar_a to_o this_o lake_n find_v in_o the_o dee_fw-mi nor_o any_o salmon_n take_v in_o the_o lake_n though_o common_o in_o the_o river_n but_o if_o you_o please_v take_v here_o a_o accurate_a description_n of_o this_o lake_n by_o a_o antiquarian_a poet._n hispida_fw-la qua_fw-la tellus_fw-la mervinia_n respicit_fw-la eurum_fw-la est_fw-la lacus_fw-la antiquo_fw-la penlinum_fw-la nomine_fw-la dictus_fw-la hic_fw-la lacus_fw-la illimeis_fw-la in_fw-la valle_o tegeius_fw-la altâ_fw-la latè_fw-la expandit_fw-la aquas_fw-la &_o vastum_fw-la conficit_fw-la orbem_fw-la excipiens_fw-la gremio_fw-la latices_fw-la qui_fw-la fonte_fw-la perenni_fw-la vicinis_fw-la recidunt_fw-la de_fw-la montibus_fw-la atque_fw-la sonoris_fw-la illecebris_fw-la captas_fw-la demulcent_fw-la suaviter_fw-la aures_fw-la illud_fw-la habet_fw-la certè_fw-la lacus_fw-la admirabile_fw-la dictu_fw-la quantumvis_fw-la magnâ_fw-la pluviâ_fw-la non_fw-la aestuat_fw-la atqui_fw-la aëre_fw-la turbato_fw-la si_fw-la ventus_fw-la murmura_fw-la tollat_fw-la excrescit_fw-la subito_fw-la rapidis_fw-la violentior_fw-la undis_fw-la et_fw-la tumido_fw-la superat_fw-la contemptas_fw-la flumine_fw-la ripas_fw-la where_o eastern_a storm_n disturb_v the_o peaceful_a sky_n in_o merion_v famous_a penlin_n lie_v here_o a_o vast_a lake_n which_o deep_a vale_n surround_v his_o watery_a globe_n roll_z on_o the_o yield_a ground_n increase_v with_o constant_a spring_n that_o gentle_o run_v from_o the_o rough_a hill_n with_o please_a murmur_n down_o this_o wondrous_a property_n the_o water_n boast_v the_o great_a rain_n be_v in_o its_o channel_n lose_v nor_o raise_v the_o flood_n but_o when_o loud_a tempest_n roar_v the_o rise_a wave_n with_o sudden_a rage_n boil_v over_o and_o conquer_a billow_n scorn_v the_o unequal_a shore_n on_o the_o brow_n of_o this_o lake_n lie_v bala_n bala_n bala_n a_o small_a privilege_a town_n have_v but_o few_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o house_n rude_o build_v which_o yet_o be_v the_o chief_a market_n of_o these_o mountaineer_n f_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n be_v the_o first_o norman_n that_o seize_v this_o country_n and_o plant_v garrison_n in_o it_o whilst_o grufydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi coâ—â—_n ap_fw-mi coâ—â—_n kynan_o be_v his_o prisoner_n but_o he_o afterward_o recover_v this_o land_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o principality_n leave_v it_o to_o his_o posterity_n who_o possess_v it_o till_o their_o fatal_a period_n in_o prince_n lhewelyn_n there_o be_v in_o this_o county_n 37_o parish_n addition_n to_o meirionydhshire_n asleep_o this_o country_n as_o giraldus_n observe_v general_o consider_v be_v the_o most_o mountainous_a of_o all_o the_o welsh_a county_n though_o its_o mountain_n be_v not_o the_o high_a those_o of_o snowdon_n in_o caernarvonshire_n exceed_v they_o in_o height_n and_o be_v at_o least_o equal_a to_o they_o in_o rocky_a precipice_n but_o whereas_o giraldus_n call_v it_o the_o rough_a and_o most_o unpleasant_a country_n in_o all_o wales_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v if_o that_o be_v worth_a notice_n that_o for_o the_o please_a prospect_n of_o a_o country_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o standard_n most_o man_n take_v their_o measure_n herein_o either_o from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o own_o nativity_n and_o education_n or_o from_o the_o profit_n they_o suppose_v a_o country_n may_v yield_v but_o if_o as_o some_o hold_v variety_n of_o object_n make_v a_o country_n appear_v delightful_a this_o may_v contend_v with_o most_o as_o afford_v beside_o a_o sea-prospect_n not_o only_o exceed_v high_a mountain_n and_o inaccessible_a rock_n with_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o river_n cataract_n and_o lake_n but_o also_o variety_n of_o low_a hill_n wood_n and_o plain_n and_o some_o fruitful_a valley_n their_o high_a mountain_n be_v kader_n idris_n be_v voudhwy_fw-fr be_v benlhyn_n arennig_n moelwyn_n mannod_n etc._n etc._n these_o maintain_v innumerable_a herd_n of_o cattle_n sheep_n and_o goat_n and_o be_v in_o regard_n they_o be_v frequent_o feed_v with_o cloud_n and_o rain_v and_o harbour_v much_o snow_n considerable_o more_o fertile_a though_o the_o grass_n be_v coarse_a than_o the_o hill_n and_o ridge_n of_o low_a country_n kader_n
or_o red_a charre_n if_o we_o may_v so_o call_v they_o be_v find_v in_o some_o other_o lake_n of_o this_o county_n and_o meirionydh_n beside_o lhyn_n peris_fw-la but_o this_o lake_n of_o st._n peris_fw-la afford_v another_o kind_n of_o alpine_a fish_n and_o by_o the_o description_n i_o hear_v of_o it_o i_o suspect_v it_o to_o be_v the_o geld_v or_o gild_a charre_n of_o winandermear_v in_o westmoreland_n which_o mr._n willoughby_n and_o mr._n ray_n conclude_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o carpio_n lacus_n benaci_n of_o rondeletius_n and_o gesner_n the_o season_n here_o for_o catch_v both_o begin_v about_o the_o eleven_o of_o november_n and_o continue_v for_o a_o month_n these_o fish_n as_o well_o as_o the_o guiniad_n of_o lhyn_n tegid_a in_o meirionydhshire_n be_v never_o take_v by_o bait_n but_o in_o net_n near_a pontvawr_n in_o the_o river_n seiont_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o this_o lake_n and_o be_v call_v now_o corrupt_o avon_n y_o sant_n from_o st._n peris_fw-la i_o observe_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o mountain_n call_v any_o low_a country_n hendrev_n which_o signify_v the_o ancient_a habitation_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a tradition_n among_o they_o as_o also_o among_o those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o like_a place_n in_o brecknock_n and_o radnorshire_n that_o the_o irish_a be_v the_o ancient_a proprietor_n of_o their_o country_n which_o i_o therefore_o think_v remarkable_a because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o either_o those_o of_o south-wales_n shall_v receive_v it_o from_o these_o or_o the_o contrary_a see_v they_o have_v no_o communication_n there_o be_v a_o country_n of_o about_o fourscore_o mile_n interpose_v b_o the_o river_n conwy_n be_v probable_o one_o of_o the_o noble_a stream_n of_o the_o length_n in_o europe_n for_o whereas_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o it_o be_v but_o twelve_o mile_n it_o receive_v so_o many_o brook_n and_o rivulet_n from_o the_o border_a mountain_n of_o snowdon_n that_o it_o bear_v ship_n of_o burden_n and_o hence_o if_o i_o may_v be_v free_a to_o conjecture_v it_o receive_v its_o name_n for_o suppose_v that_o gŵy_n or_o ŵy_o signify_v a_o river_n â—_o see_v râ—dâ—râ—eâ—â—e_a 〈◊〉_d â—_o kÅ·nwy_n or_o conwy_n for_o in_o etymology_n we_o regard_v the_o pronunciation_n not_o the_o orthography_n must_v denote_v a_o extraordinary_a great_a or_o prime_a river_n the_o particle_n kin_n prefix_v in_o compound_a word_n be_v general_o augmentative_a or_o else_o signify_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a as_o kyn-kan_n extraordinary_a white_a kyndyn_n very_o stiff_a or_o obstinate_a kynvid_n the_o antediluvian_n world_n kyndhydh_n the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n kynverthyr_n a_o proto-martyr_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o we_o may_v note_v this_o by_o the_o way_n i_o suspect_v the_o word_n cyn_n to_o have_v be_v the_o same_o original_o with_o the_o irish_a cean_n i.e._n head_n whence_o kyntav_n signify_v the_o first_o quasi_fw-la pennav_fw-mi the_o chief_a and_o dr._n davies_n suppose_v the_o word_n kyndhâredh_n i.e._n megrim_n or_o vertigo_n to_o be_v equivalent_a in_o signification_n with_o penharedh_n if_o this_o may_v be_v allow_v i_o know_v not_o but_o these_o proper_a name_n cuntegorix_n cunobelinus_n cuneglasus_n and_o cunotamus_n â—â—â—â—ons_n â—ea_o the_o â—â—â—â—ons_n call_v in_o british_a kÅ·ntwrch_n kynuèlyn_n kÅ·nglas_n and_o kynèdhav_v 〈◊〉_d pâ—nâ—hâ—â—e_n â—â—em_fw-la 〈◊〉_d â—av_v 〈◊〉_d may_v bear_v the_o interpretation_n of_o choerocephalus_n flavicomus_n canus_n and_o capito_n or_o bucephalus_n since_o we_o find_v that_o person_n of_o the_o great_a dignity_n be_v style_v by_o such_o surname_n not_o only_o among_o the_o britain_n but_o the_o roman_n also_o and_o probable_o most_o nation_n in_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o pearl_n of_o this_o river_n be_v as_o large_a and_o well_o colour_v as_o any_o we_o find_v in_o britain_n or_o ireland_n and_o have_v probable_o be_v fish_v for_o here_o ever_o since_o the_o roman_a conquest_n if_o not_o soon_o for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o pearl_n be_v in_o esteem_n among_o the_o britain_n before_o that_o time_n see_v we_o read_v in_o pliny_n 35._o pliny_n nâ—t_fw-la hist_o l._n 9_o c._n 35._o that_o julius_n caesar_n dedicate_v a_o breastplate_n to_o venus_n genitrix_n place_v it_o in_o her_o temple_n at_o rome_n all_o cover_v or_o stud_v over_o with_o british_a pearl_n which_o must_v have_v be_v receive_v from_o the_o britain_n and_o not_o discover_v here_o by_o his_o own_o soldier_n for_o he_o advance_v not_o much_o near_a than_o 100_o mile_n of_o any_o river_n that_o afford_v they_o the_o british_a and_o irish_a pearl_n be_v find_v in_o a_o large_a black_a muscle_n figure_v and_o describe_v by_o dr._n lister_n under_o the_o title_n of_o musculus_fw-la niger_n omnium_fw-la crassissimâ_fw-la &_o ponderosissimâ_fw-la testâ_fw-la 11._o testâ_fw-la append._n ad_fw-la tract_n de_fw-fr animal_n angl_n p._n 11._o whereby_o it_o be_v sufficient_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o shell_n they_o be_v peculiar_a to_o rapid_a and_o stony_a river_n and_o be_v common_a in_o wales_n in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o some_o part_n of_o ireland_n in_o this_o country_n they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o vulgar_a kregin_v diliw_n i.e._n deluge-shell_n as_o if_o nature_n have_v not_o intend_v shell_n for_o the_o river_n but_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o universal_a deluge_n have_v continue_v there_o and_o so_o propagate_v their_o kind_n ever_o since_o they_o that_o fish_n here_o for_o pearl_n know_v partly_o by_o the_o outside_n of_o these_o muscle_n whether_o they_o contain_v any_o for_o general_o such_o as_o have_v they_o be_v a_o little_a contract_v or_o distort_v from_o their_o usual_a shape_n a_o curious_a and_o accomplish_a gentleman_n late_o of_o these_o part_n esq_n part_n robert_n wyn_n of_o bôd_n yâ—kalhen_o esq_n who_o untimely_a death_n i_o have_v reason_n among_o many_o other_o to_o bewail_v show_v i_o a_o valuable_a collection_n of_o the_o pearl_n of_o this_o river_n among_o which_o i_o note_v a_o stool-pearl_n of_o the_o form_n and_o bigness_n of_o a_o lesser_a button-mold_n weigh_v 17_o grain_n distinguish_v on_o the_o convex_a side_n with_o a_o fair_a round_a spot_n of_o a_o cornelian_a colour_n exact_o in_o the_o centre_n c_o the_o small_a village_n mention_v here_o by_o the_o name_n of_o kaer_n hên_n lie_v three_o mile_n above_o conwy_n or_o aber_n kynwy_n and_o be_v now_o call_v kaer_n rhûn_o which_o be_v also_o the_o vulgar_a name_n of_o it_o in_o our_o author_n age_n as_o appear_v by_o some_o write_n of_o that_o time_n nevertheless_o i_o incline_v to_o his_o conjecture_n that_o kaer_n rhûn_o be_v only_o a_o corruption_n of_o kaer_n hên_n i.e._n the_o old_a city_n unless_o we_o shall_v rather_o suppose_v it_o call_v y_o gaer_n hÅ·n_n which_o signify_v the_o elder_a town_n or_o city_n with_o reference_n to_o the_o town_n of_o conway_n which_o as_o our_o author_n inform_v we_o be_v build_v by_o king_n edwarâ—_n the_o first_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o the_o common_a tradition_n of_o this_o neighbourhood_n be_v that_o it_o receive_v its_o name_n from_o rhûn_n ap_fw-mi maelgwn_fw-mi gwynedh_fw-mi who_o live_v about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o six_o century_n for_o his_o father_n who_o gildas_n call_v maglocunus_fw-la which_o word_n i_o suppose_v some_o copyist_n write_v erroneous_o for_o maelocunus_n and_o invectively_o draco_n insularis_fw-la die_v about_o the_o year_n 586_o ms._n 586_o mr._n rob._n vaughan_n ms._n this_o i_o suspect_v be_v at_o first_o no_o other_o than_o the_o conjecture_n of_o some_o antiquary_n conceive_v from_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o name_n which_o be_v communicate_v to_o other_o become_v at_o length_n a_o current_a tradition_n as_o we_o find_v too_o many_o more_o have_v on_o the_o like_a occasion_n but_o whether_o rhûn_a ap_fw-mi maelgwn_fw-mi give_v name_n to_o this_o place_n or_o not_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o be_v a_o city_n long_o before_o his_o time_n there_o be_v no_o room_n to_o doubt_v but_o this_o be_v the_o old_a conovium_n of_o the_o roman_n mention_v in_o the_o itinerary_n not_o many_o year_n since_o there_o be_v a_o roman_a hypocaust_n discover_v at_o this_o place_n agreeable_a in_o all_o respect_n by_o the_o account_n i_o hear_v of_o it_o with_o those_o find_v at_o kaer_n lheion_n be_v ŵysk_v mention_v by_o giraldus_n and_o near_o hope_n in_o flintshire_n describe_v by_o mr._n camden_n so_o that_o in_o all_o place_n in_o wales_n where_o any_o legion_n have_v their_o station_n such_o stove_n or_o hot_a vault_n have_v be_v discover_v those_o at_o kaer_n lheion_n be_v ŵysk_n be_v make_v by_o the_o legio_n secunda_fw-la augusta_n that_o near_o hope_v by_o the_o twenty_o legion_n entitle_v britannica_fw-la valens_n victrix_n which_o lie_v at_o kaer_n lheion_n be_v dhowrdwy_n or_o westchester_n and_o this_o by_o the_o ten_o for_o i_o find_v in_o some_o note_n of_o mr._n william_n brickdal_n late_a rector_n of_o lhan_n rŵst_n that_o he_o have_v see_v
to_o supply_v all_o wales_n it_o be_v also_o at_o this_o time_n very_o rich_a in_o cattle_n multitude_n cattle_n and_o find_v out_o great_a multitude_n and_o afford_v millstone_n in_o some_o place_n also_o a_o kind_n of_o alum-earth_n 166._o alum-earth_n of_o the_o alumen_fw-la plumosum_fw-la or_o amianthus_n find_v at_o a_o plaee_n call_v kâ—ie_a lhywarck_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o lhan-vair_a king_n hornwy_n see_v phil_n trans_fw-la n._n 166._o of_o which_o they_o late_o begin_v to_o make_v alum_n and_o coperas_fw-la but_o the_o project_n not_o succeed_v they_o have_v now_o desist_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o be_v that_o celebrate_a island_n mona_n ancient_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o druid_n attempt_v first_o by_o paulinus_n suetonius_n and_o reduce_v under_o the_o roman_a yoke_n by_o julius_n agricola_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o nero_n this_o paulinus_n suetonius_n as_o we_o read_v in_o tacitus_n prepare_v for_o a_o attempt_n on_o the_o island_n mona_n a_o very_a populous_a country_n and_o a_o receptacle_n of_o deserter_n and_o to_o that_o end_n build_v flat-bottomed_a vessel_n because_o the_o shore_n be_v but_o shallow_a and_o hazardous_a thus_o the_o foot_n pass_v over_o and_o the_o horse_n follow_v either_o at_o a_o ford_n or_o else_o in_o deep_a water_n as_o occasion_n require_v swim_v their_o horse_n on_o the_o opposite_a shore_n stand_v the_o enemy_n army_n well_o provide_v of_o arm_n and_o man_n beside_o woman_n run_v about_o with_o dishevel_a hair_n like_o fury_n in_o a_o mournful_a habit_n bear_v torch_n in_o their_o hand_n about_o the_o army_n stand_v the_o druid_n who_o with_o hand_n lift_v up_o to_o heaven_n pour_v forth_o dreadful_a imprecation_n so_o terrify_v the_o soldier_n with_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o sight_n that_o as_o if_o their_o limb_n have_v be_v benumb_v they_o expose_v their_o body_n like_v so_o many_o stock_n to_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o at_o last_o partly_o by_o exhortation_n of_o the_o general_n and_o partly_o by_o encourage_v 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rebellion_n in_o britain_n but_o be_v unprovided_a of_o transport_v vessel_n as_o it_o common_o happen_v in_o doubtful_a resolution_n the_o policy_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o general_n find_v new_a mean_n of_o convey_v over_o his_o army_n for_o have_v first_o lay_v down_o their_o baggage_n â—he_v command_v the_o choice_a of_o the_o auxiliary_n to_o who_o the_o ford_n be_v well_o know_v and_o who_o custom_n it_o be_v in_o their_o country_n so_o to_o swim_v as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o guide_v themselves_o and_o their_o arm_n and_o horse_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v do_v in_o such_o a_o surprise_a manner_n that_o the_o enemy_n who_o expect_v a_o navy_n and_o watch_v the_o sea_n stand_v so_o much_o amaze_v that_o suppose_v nothing_o difficult_a or_o invincible_a to_o man_n of_o such_o resolution_n they_o immediate_o supplicate_v for_o peace_n and_o surrender_v the_o island_n so_o agricola_n become_v famous_a and_o great_a a_o many_o age_n after_o when_o it_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o english_a it_o take_v up_o their_o name_n be_v call_v former_o by_o the_o saxon_n engles-ea_a and_o now_o anglesey_n which_o signify_v the_o english_a island_n but_o see_v humphrey_n lhwyd_n in_o his_o learned_a epistle_n to_o that_o accomplish_a scholar_n ortelius_n have_v restore_v the_o island_n to_o its_o ancient_a name_n and_o dignity_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a we_o shall_v dwell_v long_o upon_o this_o county_n however_o we_o may_v add_v that_o about_o the_o decline_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n in_o britain_n some_o of_o the_o irish_a nation_n creep_v into_o this_o island_n for_o beside_o certain_a entrench_v bank_n which_o they_o call_v irish_a cottage_n there_o be_v another_o place_n well_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o yn_n hericy_n gwidil_n from_o some_o irish_a who_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o one_o sirigi_n overcome_v the_o britain_n there_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o triade_n b_o nor_o be_v it_o afterward_o harassed_a by_o the_o english_a only_o marianus_n marianus_n but_o also_o by_o the_o norwegian_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1000_o a_o navy_n of_o king_n aethelred_n sail_v round_o the_o island_n waste_v and_o consume_v it_o in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n c_o afterward_o two_o norman_n of_o the_o name_n of_o hugh_n the_o one_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o other_o of_o salop_n oppress_v it_o and_o to_o restrain_v the_o inhabitant_n build_v the_o castle_n of_o aber_n lhienawg_fw-mi but_o magnus_n the_o norwegian_a come_v thither_o at_o the_o same_o time_n etc._n time_n shoot_v the_o say_a hugh_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n etc._n etc._n shot_n hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n through_o the_o body_n with_o a_o arrow_n and_o pillage_n the_o island_n depart_v the_o english_a have_v afterward_o often_o attempt_v it_o at_o last_o bring_v it_o under_o their_o subjection_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o it_o contain_v former_o 363_o village_n and_o be_v a_o very_a populous_a country_n at_o this_o time_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v beaumaris_n beaumaris_n beaumaris_n build_v in_o the_o east_n part_n of_o it_o in_o a_o moorish_a place_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o beau_n marish_a from_o its_o situation_n whereas_o the_o place_n before_o be_v call_v name_n call_v this_o wherever_o our_o author_n find_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o british_a name_n bonover_n he_o also_o fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n which_o yet_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v ever_o finish_v the_o present_a governor_n whereof_o be_v the_o right_n worshipful_a sir_n richard_n bulkley_n knight_n who_o civility_n towards_o i_o when_o i_o survey_v these_o county_n i_o must_v always_o grateful_o acknowledge_v not_o far_o from_o hence_o lie_v lhan_n vâe_v vâe_v lhan_n vâe_v a_o famous_a cloister_n heretofore_o of_o the_o friar_n minor_n to_o which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v bountiful_a patron_n as_o well_o on_o account_n of_o the_o devoutness_n and_o exemplary_a life_n of_o the_o friar_n who_o dwell_v there_o as_o that_o i_o may_v speak_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o record_n because_o there_o be_v bury_v at_o that_o place_n a_o daughter_n of_o king_n john_n â—â—_o 2_o paâ—lâ—t_n ann._n 2_o li_n â—â—_o a_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n the_o body_n of_o the_o lord_n clifford_n and_o of_o other_o lord_n knight_n and_o esquire_n who_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o war_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o illustrious_a king_n of_o england_n the_o town_n of_o newburgh_n newbâ—rgâ—_n newbâ—rgâ—_n in_o british_a rhosîr_n do_v be_v esteem_v next_o best_o to_o beaumarish_n distant_a from_o it_o about_o twelve_o mile_n westward_o which_o have_v struggle_v along_o time_n with_o the_o heap_n of_o sand_n cast_v against_o it_o by_o the_o sea_n have_v now_o lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a splendour_n abèr-fraw_a abèr-fraâ—_a abèr-fraâ—_a not_o far_o from_o thence_o though_o at_o present_a but_o a_o mean_a place_n waâ—_n yet_o heretofore_o of_o much_o great_a repute_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o be_v the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o gwynedh_n or_o north-wales_n who_o be_v thence_o also_o style_v king_n of_o abèr-fraw_a near_o the_o western_a cape_n of_o this_o island_n which_o we_o call_v holy-head_n heâ—d_n holy_a heâ—d_n there_o be_v a_o small_a village_n call_v in_o welsh_a kaer_n gybi_n which_o receive_v its_o name_n from_o kybi_n a_o devout_a man_n and_o disciple_n of_o st._n hilary_n of_o poitiers_n who_o lead_v here_o a_o religious_a life_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v a_o common_a passage_n into_o ireland_n e_fw-la isle_n of_o the_o island_n adjoin_v 〈◊〉_d aâ—gleâ—â—â—_n see_v anâ—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o bâ—â—â—_n isle_n the_o other_o place_n of_o this_o island_n be_v well_o plant_v with_o village_n which_o see_v they_o afford_v little_a worth_n our_o notice_n i_o shall_v now_o pass_v over_o into_o the_o continent_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o denbighshire_n there_o be_v in_o this_o island_n
former_o a_o little_a monastery_n z_o and_o to_o bethmesley_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o famous_a family_n of_o claphams_n of_o which_o be_v j._n clapham_n a_o famous_a soldier_n in_o the_o war_n between_o york_n and_o lancaster_n hence_o it_o pass_v by_o ilekely_a â—â—â—y_v â—â—a_fw-la â—â—â—y_v which_o i_o imagine_v to_o be_v the_o olicana_n in_o ptolemy_n both_o from_o its_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o york_n and_o the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o two_o name_n it_o be_v without_o question_n a_o ancient_a town_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v those_o engrave_v roman_a pillar_n lie_v now_o in_o the_o churchyard_n and_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v rebuilt_a in_o severus_n time_n by_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—â—â—oned_a â—â—â—an_n 〈◊〉_d ceâ—â—â—_n &_o â—â—ar_n 〈◊〉_d virius_n lupus_n legate_n and_o propraetor_n of_o britain_n as_o we_o be_v inform_v by_o a_o inscription_n late_o dig_v up_o near_o the_o church_n in_o severus_n aug._n et_fw-la antoninus_fw-la caes._n destinatus_n restitverunt_fw-la cv_o rante_n virio_n lupo_n prâ—â—â—â—_n â—â—gato_fw-la 〈◊〉_d prâ—â—â—â—_n leg_n eorum_n ‖_o pr._n pr._n that_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o lingones_n quarter_v here_o be_v likewise_o show_v we_o by_o a_o old_a altar_n i_o have_v see_v there_o now_o put_v under_o a_o pair_n of_o stair_n and_o inscribe_v by_o the_o â—â—â—â—ct_n â—â—â—â—ct_n captain_n of_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o lingones_n to_o verbeia_n perhaps_o the_o nymph_n or_o goddess_n of_o the_o wherf_n the_o river_n call_v verbeia_n i_o suppose_v from_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o two_o word_n verbeiae_n sacrum_fw-la nympha_fw-la verbeia_n fl_fw-mi vel_fw-la nympha_fw-la clodius_n fronto_n praef_n coh_n two_o lingon_n for_o river_n say_v gildas_n in_o that_o age_n have_v divine_a honour_n pay_v they_o by_o the_o ignorant_a britain_n 41._o epist_n 41._o and_o seneca_n tell_v we_o of_o altar_n dedicate_v to_o they_o we_o worship_v the_o head_n of_o great_a river_n and_o we_o raise_v altar_n to_o their_o first_o spring_n and_o servius_n say_v that_o every_o river_n be_v preside_v by_o some_o nymph_n or_o other_o in_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o church_n there_o be_v this_o other_o imperfect_a inscription_n rum_fw-la caes._n aug._n antonini_n et_fw-la very_fw-la jovi_fw-la dilecti_fw-la caecilius_n praef_n coh_n aa_n i_o find_v nothing_o in_o my_o search_n up_o and_o down_o the_o church_n for_o piece_n of_o roman_a antiquity_n but_o the_o portraiture_n of_o sir_n adam_n middleton_n arm_v and_o cut_v out_o in_o stone_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v live_v in_o edward_n the_o 1.'s_n reign_n his_o posterity_n remain_v still_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n at_o a_o place_n call_v stubham_n bb_n somewhat_o low_a stand_v oteley_n oteley_n oteley_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n memorable_a for_o nothing_o but_o its_o situation_n under_o a_o huge_a craggy_a cliff_n call_v chevin_n chevin_n chevin_n for_o the_o ridge_n of_o a_o mountain_n be_v in_o british_a chevin_n signify_v chevin_n what_o it_o signify_v and_o so_o that_o long_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n in_o france_n which_o former_o use_v the_o same_o language_n with_o our_o britain_n be_v call_v gevenna_n gevenna_n gevenna_n and_o gebenna_n from_o hence_o the_o river_n flow_v in_o a_o channel_n bank_v on_o both_o side_n with_o limestone_n by_o harewood_n harewood_n harewood_n where_o stand_v a_o neat_a and_o strong_a castle_n which_o have_v always_o change_v its_o master_n as_o the_o time_n turn_v it_o be_v former_o the_o curcy_n but_o go_v from_o they_o with_o alice_z the_o heiress_n of_o that_o family_n to_o warren_n fitzgerold_a who_o marry_v she_o 1._o placit_fw-la 1._o joan._n rot._n 10._o in_o d._n monstr_n le_fw-fr droit_fw-fr 35_o ed._n 1._o and_o have_v issue_n margery_n who_o be_v one_o of_o his_o heir_n and_o a_o great_a fortune_n be_v first_o marry_v to_o baldwin_n de_fw-fr ripariis_fw-la son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o devonshire_n who_o die_v before_o his_o father_n and_o then_o by_o king_n john_n mean_n to_o falcatius_n de_fw-fr brent_n a_o favourite_n upon_o account_n of_o his_o great_a service_n in_o pillage_n afterward_o isabel_n de_fw-fr ripariis_fw-la countess_n of_o devonshire_n die_v without_o issue_n this_o castle_n fall_v to_o robert_n de_fw-fr lisle_n the_o son_n of_o warren_n as_o a_o relation_n lisle_n lord_n de_fw-fr insula_n or_o lisle_n and_o one_o of_o her_o heir_n at_o last_o by_o those_o of_o aldborough_n it_o come_v to_o the_o rither_v as_o i_o learn_v from_o fr._n thinn_n who_o with_o great_a judgement_n and_o diligence_n have_v long_o study_v the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n cc_o nor_o must_v i_o forget_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o place_n just_a by_o call_v gawthorp_n remarkable_a for_o that_o ancient_a and_o virtuous_a family_n the_o gascoign_n gascoign_n gascoign_n descend_v very_o probable_o from_o gascoigne_n in_o france_n hence_o the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n wherf_n be_v by_o wetherby_n wetherby_n wetherby_n a_o notable_a trade_n town_n which_o have_v no_o remains_o of_o antiquity_n but_o only_o a_o place_n under_o it_o call_v helensford_n where_o a_o roman_a military_a way_n have_v lie_v through_o the_o river_n dd_v then_o by_o tadcaster_n tadcaster_n tadcaster_n a_o very_a small_a town_n which_o yet_o i_o can_v but_o think_v be_v the_o same_o with_o calcaria_n calcaria_n calcaria_n both_o from_o the_o distance_n name_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o mr._n robert_n martial_n of_o rickerton_n a_o person_n of_o excellent_a judgement_n for_o it_o be_v just_a nine_o italian_a mile_n from_o york_n which_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o calcaria_n from_o it_o in_o antoninus_n and_o limestone_n which_o be_v the_o main_a ingredient_n in_o mortar_n be_v not_o where_o to_o be_v find_v all_o about_o but_o plentiful_o here_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v convey_v to_o york_n and_o all_o the_o country_n round_o for_o the_o use_n of_o building_n this_o limestone_n be_v call_v by_o the_o britain_n the_o saxon_n and_o the_o northern_a english_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o latin_n calc_n for_o that_o imperious_a city_n not_o only_o impose_v her_o law_n upon_o those_o she_o have_v subdue_v dei_fw-la câ—lcarienses_n de_fw-fr decurâ—onibus_fw-la l._n 27._o roman_a language_n in_o the_o province_n augustin_n l._n 9_o de_fw-la civet_fw-la dei_fw-la but_o her_o language_n too_o and_o calcarienses_n in_o the_o theodosian_a code_n be_v use_v to_o denote_v they_o who_o burn_v this_o limestone_n from_o whence_o one_o may_v not_o improbable_o infer_v that_o this_o town_n have_v the_o name_n calcaria_n from_o the_o limestone_n find_v there_o like_o the_o city_n chalcis_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d brass_n ammon_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sand_n pteleon_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d elm_n and_o perhaps_o the_o city_n calcaria_n in_o clive_n from_o the_o word_n calx_fw-la especial_o consider_v that_o bede_n call_v it_o calca-c_a who_o tell_v we_o far_o that_o k_n heina_n the_o first_o woman_n of_o this_o country_n that_o turn_v nun_n come_v to_o this_o city_n and_o live_v in_o it_o again_o here_o be_v by_o the_o town_n a_o hill_n call_v kelcbar_n which_o still_o retain_v something_o of_o the_o old_a name_n for_o other_o proof_n of_o antiquity_n not_o to_o mention_v its_o situation_n near_o a_o roman_a consular_a way_n there_o be_v many_o coin_n of_o roman_a emperor_n dig_v up_o in_o it_o the_o mark_n of_o a_o trench_n quite_o round_o the_o town_n and_o the_o platform_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n still_o remain_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o which_o a_o bridge_n be_v make_v over_o the_o wherf_n not_o many_o year_n ago_o not_o far_o from_o this_o bridge_n the_o wherf_n glide_v gentle_o into_o the_o ouse_n and_o real_o consider_v the_o many_o current_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o this_o so_o shallow_a and_o easy_a stream_n from_o the_o bridge_n be_v very_o strange_a and_o may_v well_o give_v occasion_n to_o what_o a_o certain_a gentleman_n that_o pass_v it_o in_o the_o summertime_n say_v of_o it_o edes_n itinerary_n of_o t._n edes_n nil_fw-la tadcaster_n habet_fw-la musis_fw-la vel_fw-la carmine_fw-la dignum_fw-la praeter_fw-la magnificè_fw-la structum_fw-la sine_fw-la flumine_fw-la pontâ—m_fw-la nothing_o in_o tadcaster_n deserve_v a_o name_n but_o the_o fair_a bridge_n that_o be_v build_v without_o a_o stream_n yet_o if_o he_o have_v travel_v this_o way_n in_o winter_n he_o will_v have_v think_v the_o bridge_n little_a enough_o for_o the_o river_n for_o as_o natural_a philosopher_n know_v very_o well_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o spring_n and_o river_n ever_o depend_v upon_o the_o inward_a or_o outward_a heat_n and_o cold_a lutum_fw-la cold_a whereupon_o in_o his_o return_n he_o find_v here_o dirt_n for_o dust_n and_o full_a current_a water_n under_o the_o bridge_n recant_v with_o these_o verse_n quae_fw-la tadcaster_n erat_fw-la sine_fw-la flumine_fw-la pulvere_fw-la plena_fw-la nunc_fw-la habet_fw-la immensum_fw-la fluvium_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la pulvere_fw-la lutum_fw-la ee_fw-mi river_n nid_v
mix_v with_o common_a dust_n 765._o dust_n fastiâ—â—on_n paâ—â—_n p._n 765._o and_o when_o that_o garrison_n be_v surrender_v to_o the_o parliament_n he_o take_v great_a care_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o public_a library_n and_o bequeath_v to_o it_o many_o mss._n with_o the_o collection_n aforesaid_a which_o of_o themselves_o 69â—_n themselves_o ibid._n p._n 69â—_n amount_v to_o 122_o volume_n at_o least_o pp_n our_o next_o place_n upon_o the_o river_n be_v selby_n part_n of_o which_o ancient_a and_o beautiful_a church_n with_o half_a of_o the_o steeple_n fall_v down_o sudden_o about_o 6_o a_o clock_n on_o sunday_n morning_n 30_o march_n 1690._o from_o hence_o our_o author_n carry_v we_o to_o escricke_v escricke_n escricke_n which_o give_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n to_o sir_n thomas_n knivet_n he_o be_v gentleman_n of_o the_o privy-chamber_n to_o king_n james_n 1._o and_o the_o person_n entrust_v to_o search_v the_o vault_n under_o the_o parliamenthouse_n where_o he_o discover_v the_o 36_o barrel_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o the_o person_n who_o be_v to_o have_v fire_v the_o train_n qq_fw-la afterward_o the_o ouse_n pass_v by_o drax_n where_o the_o benefaction_n of_o charles_n read_v esq_n a_o native_a of_o the_o place_n and_o judge_n in_o ireland_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v he_o erect_v here_o a_o hospital_n as_o also_o a_o school-house_n and_o endow_v they_o with_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la a_o east-riding_a east-riding_a east-riding_a east-riding_a or_o the_o east_n part_n of_o yorkshire_n asleep_o where_o the_o parisi_n parisi_n parisi_n be_v seat_v by_o ptolemy_n make_v the_o second_o division_n of_o this_o county_n lie_v east_n of_o york_n the_o north_n and_o west_n side_n of_o it_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o wind_a course_n of_o the_o river_n derwent_n the_o south_n by_o the_o aestuary_n of_o humber_n and_o the_o north_n by_o the_o german_a ocean_n that_o part_n of_o it_o towards_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o river_n derwent_n be_v pretty_a fruitful_a but_o the_o middle_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o heap_n of_o mountain_n call_v wood_n call_v will_v in_o saxon_n signify_v a_o large_a plain_a without_o wood_n yorkeswold_n which_o signify_v yorkshire_n hill_n the_o river_n derventio_n or_o as_o we_o call_v it_o derwent_n rise_v near_o the_o shore_n and_o run_v towards_o the_o west_n but_o then_o turn_v again_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o pass_v by_o aiton_n and_o malton_n which_o because_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o north-riding_a of_o this_o county_n i_o shall_v reserve_v for_o their_o proper_a place_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o river_n have_v enter_v this_o quarter_n it_o run_v near_o the_o remain_v of_o that_o old_a castle_n montferrant_n meauxensis_fw-la montferrant_n historia_fw-la meauxensis_fw-la which_o belong_v former_o to_o the_o fossard_n man_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o estate_n but_o william_n fossard_n of_o this_o family_n be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n and_o commit_v to_o the_o guardianship_n of_o william_n le_fw-fr grosse_n earl_n of_o albemarle_n enrage_v the_o earl_n so_o by_o debauch_v his_o sister_n though_o he_o be_v then_o but_o very_o young_a that_o in_o revenge_n he_o demolish_v this_o castle_n and_o force_v the_o noble_a young_a gentleman_n to_o forsake_v his_o country_n yet_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n he_o recover_v his_o estate_n and_o leave_v a_o only_a daughter_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o r._n de_fw-fr tornham_n by_o who_o she_o have_v a_o daughter_n afterward_o marry_v to_o peter_n the_o malolacu_a who_o posterity_n be_v enrich_v with_o this_o estate_n of_o the_o fossard_n become_v very_o famous_a baron_n b_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o stand_v a_o place_n seat_v upon_o a_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n call_v kirkham_n i.e._n the_o place_n of_o the_o church_n for_o here_o stand_v a_o college_n of_o canon_n found_v by_o walter_n espec_n a_o very_a great_a man_n who_o daughter_n bring_v a_o vast_a estate_n by_o marriage_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o ross_n next_o but_o 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from_o that_o polite_a and_o accurate_a scholar_n robert_n martial_n he_o show_v i_o that_o at_o the_o distance_n from_o york_n i_o mention_v there_o be_v a_o little_a town_n seat_v upon_o the_o derwent_n call_v auldby_n which_o signify_v in_o saxon_a the_o old_a habitation_n where_o some_o remain_v of_o antiquity_n be_v still_o extant_a and_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n towards_o the_o river_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o rubbish_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n so_o that_o this_o can_v but_o be_v the_o derventio_n from_o hence_o the_o river_n flow_v through_o stanford-bridge_n which_o from_o a_o battle_n fight_v there_o be_v also_o call_v battle-bridge_n baâ—â—â—â—-bridge_n baâ—â—â—â—-bridge_n c_o for_o here_o harald_n haardread_a the_o norwegian_a who_o with_o a_o fleet_n of_o 200_o sail_n have_v infest_a this_o kingdom_n and_o from_o his_o land_n at_o richal_n have_v march_v thus_o far_o with_o great_a outrage_n and_o devastation_n be_v encounter_v by_o king_n harold_n of_o england_n who_o in_o a_o fair_a battle_n here_o slay_v he_o and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n and_o take_v so_o much_o gold_n among_o the_o spoil_n that_o twelve_o young_a man_n can_v hardly_o bear_v it_o upon_o their_o shoulder_n as_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o adam_n bremensis_n this_o engagement_n be_v fight_v about_o nine_o day_n before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n at_o which_o time_n the_o dissolute_a luxury_n of_o the_o english_a seem_v to_o have_v foretell_v the_o destruction_n of_o this_o kingdom_n norman_n kingdom_n see_v the_o general_n part_n under_o the_o title_n norman_n but_o of_o this_o we_o have_v speak_v already_o the_o east_n ride_v of_o yorkshire_n by_o robert_n morden_n cum_fw-la patre_fw-la radulpho_n babthorpe_n iaceo_fw-la ecce_fw-la radulphus_fw-la filius_fw-la hoc_fw-la duro_fw-la marmore_fw-la pressus_fw-la humo_fw-la henrici_fw-la sexti_fw-la dapifer_fw-la pater_fw-la armiger_n ejus_fw-la mors_fw-la satis_fw-la id_fw-la docuit_fw-la fidus_fw-la uterque_fw-la fuit_fw-la the_o two_o ralph_n babthorps_n father_n and_o his_o son_n together_o lie_v inter_v beneath_o this_o stone_n one_o squire_n one_o sew'r_n to_o our_o six_o henry_n be_v both_o die_v in_o the_o field_n both_o in_o their_o master_n cause_n now_o the_o derwent_n with_o a_o large_a stream_n glide_v on_o near_a howden_n â—wden_a â—wden_a a_o market_n town_n remarkable_a not_o for_o its_o neatness_n or_o resort_n but_o for_o give_v name_n to_o the_o neighbour_a territory_n which_o from_o it_o be_v call_v howdenshire_n and_o not_o long_o since_o for_o have_v a_o pretty_a collegiate_n church_n of_o five_o prebendary_n to_o which_o a_o house_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n be_v adjoin_v who_o have_v a_o vast_a estate_n hereabout_o walter_n skirlaw_n one_o of_o they_o who_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1390._o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o durham_n build_v a_o huge_a tall_a steeple_n to_o this_o church_n that_o in_o case_n of_o a_o sudden_a inundation_n the_o inhabitant_n may_v save_v themselves_o in_o it_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o hence_o be_v metham_n â—â—â—m_fw-la â—â—â—m_fw-la which_o give_v a_o name_n and_o seat_n to_o the_o famous_a and_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o methams_n d_o the_o ouse_n grow_v more_o spacious_a run_v with_o a_o swift_a and_o violent_a stream_n into_o the_o aestuary_n abus_n â—s_n â—tuary_n of_o â—s_n the_o name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v express_v in_o ptolemy_n e_fw-la but_o the_o saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o we_o at_o this_o day_n call_v it_o humber_n northumberland_n humber_n whereof_o also_o the_o country_n beyond_o it_o by_o a_o general_a name_n be_v call_v northumberland_n and_o from_o it_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v in_o general_n term_v nordan_n humbria_fw-la both_o name_n seem_v to_o be_v derivative_n from_o the_o british_a aber_n which_o signify_v the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n and_o be_v perhaps_o give_v to_o this_o by_o way_n of_o excellence_n because_o the_o urus_fw-la or_o ouse_n with_o all_o those_o
they_o shall_v keep_v themselves_o upright_o if_o the_o sea_n be_v never_o so_o little_a rough_a it_o be_v true_a the_o dash_a of_o the_o wave_n can_v do_v they_o much_o harm_n because_o the_o canoe_n be_v cover_v above_o and_o the_o skin-coat_n they_o have_v upon_o they_o keep_v off_o the_o water_n from_o get_v in_o at_o the_o round_a hole_n receive_v and_o encompass_v their_o body_n a_o little_a above_o the_o bridge_n which_o consist_v of_o 14_o arch_n and_o go_v over_o into_o holderness_n stand_v the_o groenland-house_n build_v in_o the_o year_n 1674._o at_o the_o joint_a charge_n of_o several_a merchant_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o bad_a success_n of_o that_o trade_n it_o be_v now_o only_o employ_v for_o the_o lay_n up_o of_o corn_n and_o other_o merchandise_n at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o this_o be_v gods-house_n which_o with_o the_o chapel_n over_o against_o it_o to_o the_o north_n in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n be_v pull_v down_o for_o prevent_v inconvenience_n when_o the_o siege_n be_v against_o hull_n but_o now_o both_o of_o they_o be_v build_v again_o and_o the_o house_n be_v enlarge_v and_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poles_n be_v find_v among_o the_o rubbish_n cut_v in_o stone_n be_v now_o set_v over_o the_o door_n with_o this_o inscription_n deo_fw-la &_o pauperibus_fw-la posuit_fw-la d._n michael_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n a._n d._n 1384._o the_o chapel_n over_o against_o it_o be_v build_v on_o the_o old_a foundation_n with_o this_o inscription_n over_o the_o door_n hoc_fw-la sacellum_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o pauperibus_fw-la posuit_fw-la d._n mich._n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n an._n do._n 1384._o quod_fw-la ingruente_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la dirutum_fw-la 1643._o tandem_fw-la auctius_fw-la instauratum_fw-la fuit_fw-la 1673._o ricardo_n kitson_n s._n t._n b._n rectore_fw-la domus_fw-la dei_fw-la super_fw-la hull_n near_o this_o chapel_n to_o the_o east_n be_v build_v a_o new_a hospital_n for_o the_o better_a reception_n of_o the_o poor_a belong_v to_o this_o house_n the_o other_o be_v not_o large_a enough_o to_o contain_v all_o the_o poor_a together_o with_o the_o master_n and_o his_o family_n this_o new_a one_o have_v over_o the_o door_n deo_fw-la &_o pauperibus_fw-la posuit_fw-la michael_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n haec_fw-la omnes_fw-la reparata_fw-la domus_fw-la perduret_fw-la in_o annos_fw-la w._n ainsworth_n rector_n an._n dom._n 1663._o without_o the_o wall_n westward_o of_o the_o town_n stand_v the_o water-house_n which_o at_o first_o come_v from_o julian-well_a it_o appear_v by_o a_o inquisition_n make_v in_o 3_o hen._n 4._o that_o draw_v a_o new_a sewer_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o town_n through_o the_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n of_o anlabie_n will_v be_v no_o damage_n to_o the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o person_n but_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o say_v king_n reign_n upon_o a_o motion_n to_o supply_v the_o town_n from_o thence_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o part_n of_o the_o spring_n descend_v from_o the_o priory_n of_o haltemprise_n it_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o licence_n from_o the_o pope_n and_o so_o the_o grant_v thereof_o be_v seal_v to_o the_o town_n from_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1412._o under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o three_o cardinal_n afterward_o the_o course_n of_o that_o spring_n alter_v and_o run_v into_o the_o ground_n of_o sir_n john_n barrington_n the_o town_n be_v force_v to_o compound_v with_o he_o the_o mayor_n of_o this_o town_n have_v two_o mace_n a_o large_a one_o for_o festival_n day_n and_o for_o ordinary_a day_n a_o small_a one_o beside_o he_o have_v two_o sword_n the_o one_o give_v by_o king_n richard_n 2._o and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v the_o large_a by_o king_n henry_n 8._o yet_o but_o one_o bear_v before_o he_o at_o a_o time_n this_o town_n have_v give_v the_o honourable_a title_n of_o earl_n to_o robert_n pierpoint_n of_o holme_n viscount_n newark_n create_v july_n 25._o 4_o car._n 1._o who_o be_v succeed_v by_o henry_n his_o son_n create_v also_o marquis_n of_o dorchester_n mar._n 25._o 1645._o during_o life_n only_o the_o earldom_n be_v at_o present_a enjoy_v by_o the_o same_o family_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a evelin_n pierpoint_n i_o the_o neighbour_a tract_n holderness_n also_o have_v afford_v the_o same_o title_n first_o to_o john_n ramsey_n viscount_n hardington_n create_v dec._n 30._o 18_o jac._n 1._o who_o die_v without_o issue_n it_o be_v confer_v jan._n 24._o 1643._o upon_o pr._n rupert_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n at_o present_v the_o right_n honourable_a conier_n d'anvers_n enjoy_v this_o title_n of_o e._n of_o holderness_n the_o true_a ancient_a writing_n of_o the_o name_n be_v hol-deir-nesse_a as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v the_o promontory_n of_o hol-deire_a so_o call_v to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o deira-Æ¿ald_a now_o the_o wolds_n though_o after_o all_o the_o country_n seem_v rather_o to_o have_v have_v this_o name_n of_o distinction_n give_v it_o from_o the_o river_n hull_n which_o pass_v through_o it_o than_o as_o holland_n both_o in_o lincolnshire_n and_o beyond_o sea_n from_o haul_v cavus_fw-la or_o hollow_a the_o seignory_n of_o holderness_n belong_v to_o the_o right_n honourable_a robert_n viscount_n dunbar_n the_o town_n of_o hedon_n find_v he_o a_o prison_n for_o those_o take_v in_o the_o liberty_n of_o holderness_n till_o they_o can_v be_v send_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o york_n the_o same_o town_n find_v he_o a_o hall_n wherein_o he_o hold_v a_o court_n call_v wapentak-court_n for_o trial_n of_o action_n under_o forty_o shilling_n k_n what_o our_o author_n have_v tell_v we_o from_o common_a fame_n concern_v the_o flourish_a condition_n of_o headon_n headon_n headon_n may_v be_v confirm_v from_o the_o remain_v and_o mark_n of_o two_o church_n beside_o that_o one_o they_o have_v which_o must_v argue_v its_o former_a populousness_n and_o by_o consequence_n a_o flourish_a trade_n in_o st._n augustine_n the_o present_a church_n beverley_n church_n see_v beverley_n be_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o king_n and_o a_o bishop_n with_o this_o inscription_n all_o be_v free_a make_v i_o thou_o as_o heart_n may_v think_v or_o eigh_v see_v the_o old_a haven_n nigh_o the_o town_n be_v grow_v up_o there_o be_v a_o new_a cut_v make_v on_o the_o southeast_n which_o help_v to_o scour_v that_o part_n of_o the_o haven_n now_o leave_v but_o without_o any_o hope_n of_o render_v it_o so_o useful_a as_o former_o it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1656._o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o town_n be_v consume_v with_o fire_n and_o about_o two_o year_n ago_o several_a house_n in_o the_o marketplace_n suffer_v the_o same_o fate_n but_o now_o the_o great_a part_n be_v rebuilt_a and_o the_o town_n thereby_o render_v much_o more_o beautiful_a of_o late_a year_n they_o have_v grow_v in_o wealth_n more_o than_o former_o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v owe_v principal_o to_o the_o several_a fair_n procure_v for_o they_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v a_o tradition_n that_o the_o dane_n destroy_v this_o town_n and_o there_o be_v a_o close_a belong_v to_o it_o call_v danes-field_n to_o this_o day_n l_o to_o the_o two_o acceptation_n our_o author_n have_v give_v we_o of_o praetorium_n praetorium_n praetorium_n may_v be_v add_v a_o three_o and_o that_o too_o the_o most_o probable_a reason_n why_o antoninus_n shall_v call_v our_o patrington_n praetorium_n i_o mean_v the_o general_n be_v tent_n in_o their_o ordinary_a encampment_n in_o which_o sâ—nse_n the_o most_o learned_a 41._o learned_a de_fw-fr miâ—it_fw-fr rom._n lib._n 5._o p._n 40_o 41._o lipsius_n have_v show_v it_o to_o be_v use_v and_o this_o seem_v much_o more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o roman_a affair_n in_o britain_n than_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o signification_n m_o upon_o the_o spurn-head_n spurnhead_n spurnhead_n the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o promontory_n call_v by_o some_o conny-hill_n be_v a_o light-house_n build_v in_o the_o year_n 1677._o by_o one_o mr._n justinian_n angel_n of_o london_n who_o have_v a_o patent_n for_o it_o from_o charles_n the_o second_o but_o the_o lord_n dunbar_n claim_v the_o ground_n there_o arise_v a_o difference_n between_o they_o which_o be_v not_o yet_o end_v the_o light_n however_o be_v keep_v up_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1684._o a_o day-mark_a be_v also_o erect_v be_v a_o beacon_n with_o a_o barrel_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o n_o in_o these_o part_n of_o holderness_n there_o have_v be_v several_a town_n swallow_v up_o by_o the_o humber_n and_o the_o sea_n frismerk_n frismerk_n frismerk_n particular_o which_o upon_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o ten_o and_o fifteen_o to_o the_o king_n about_o the_o 18_o of_o edw._n 3._o represent_v to_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n how_o much_o they_o have_v suffer_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o river_n break_v in_o upon_o they_o and_o petition_v to_o have_v a_o proportionable_a deduction_n make_v in_o the_o rate_v whereupon_o
the_o river_n kent_n be_v a_o spring_n call_v the_o drop_v well_o that_o petrify_v moss_n wood_n leaf_n etc._n etc._n west_n from_o hence_o lie_v witherslack_n witherslack_n witherslack_n in_o which_o manor_n not_o long_o since_o a_o fair_a parochial_a chapel_n be_v build_v and_o endow_v by_o dr._n john_n barwick_n late_a dean_n of_o st._n paul_n a_o native_a of_o the_o place_n consecrate_v by_o dr._n wilkins_n late_a bish_n of_o chester_n june_n 22._o 1671._o and_o dedicate_v to_o s_o paul_n the_o charity_n be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a because_o of_o its_o remoteness_n from_o betham_n the_o parish-church_n c_o next_o the_o river_n carry_v we_o to_o kendal_n kendal_n kendal_n which_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o the_o 18_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n incorporate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o alderman_n and_o burgess_n but_o afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n 1_o an._n reg._n 11._o it_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o mayor_n twelve_o alderman_n and_o twenty_o four_o burgess_n beside_o the_o lord_n and_o earl_n since_o our_o author_n time_n it_o have_v also_o have_v its_o duke_n which_o title_n it_o give_v first_o to_o charles_n stuart_n three_o son_n to_o james_n duke_n of_o york_n afterward_o king_n james_n 2._o declare_v duke_n of_o kendal_n in_o the_o year_n 1664._o do_v not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v water-crooke_n so_o call_v from_o a_o remarkable_a crooking_a in_o the_o river_n where_o upon_o the_o east-side_n of_o that_o river_n be_v a_o old_a square_a fort_n the_o bank_n and_o ditch_n whereof_o be_v still_o visible_a that_o it_o be_v roman_a the_o discovery_n of_o coin_n break_a altar_n and_o other_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n will_v not_o give_v we_o leave_v to_o make_v the_o least_o scruple_n of_o which_o if_o our_o author_n have_v find_v it_o be_v possible_a he_o may_v have_v fix_v the_o concangii_n rather_o here_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n because_o in_o the_o notitia_fw-la it_o be_v place_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 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it_o ad_fw-la lineam_fw-la valli_n the_o second_o that_o mr._n camden_n himself_o have_v sixth_o it_n at_o willyford_n in_o cumberland_n where_o without_o all_o doubt_n the_o cohors_fw-la prima_fw-la aelia_n dacorum_n have_v their_o abode_n as_o appear_v from_o several_a inscription_n that_o have_v be_v find_v at_o a_o little_a distance_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n how_o to_o reconcile_v those_o two_o opinion_n and_o mr._n camden_n to_o himself_o be_v the_o difficulty_n perhaps_o it_o can_v be_v do_v more_o plausible_o than_o by_o suppose_v that_o this_o ambleside_n may_v be_v the_o chief_a station_n or_o standing-quarter_n and_o that_o the_o other_o not_o willowford_n but_o the_o bank_n end_n and_o perhaps_o the_o bridge_n there_o over_o the_o river_n which_o they_o wâ—â—e_v to_o defend_v be_v possible_o the_o fort_n assign_v they_o wâ—en_o they_o be_v call_v out_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n to_o defend_v the_o picts-wall_n for_o we_o can_v imagine_v 〈◊〉_d troop_n that_o be_v quarter_v tâ—eâ—e_o on_o purpose_n to_o 〈◊〉_d the_o enemy_n know_v their_o particular_a post_n as_o well_o 〈◊〉_d their_o place_n and_o employment_n in_o their_o camp_n and_o â—ntrenchments_n and_o this_o post_n they_o may_v possible_o enough_o mark_v out_o by_o inscription_n and_o altar_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o the_o notitia_fw-la place_n â—â—â—â—gâ—ana_fw-la ad_fw-la lineam_fw-la valli_n which_o yet_o may_v be_v so_o construe_v as_o not_o strict_o to_o imply_v the_o line_n or_o track_n of_o the_o wall_n itself_o but_o only_o to_o signify_v the_o line_n of_o communication_n which_o several_a auxiliary_n have_v with_o those_o who_o be_v quarter_v upon_o the_o pict_n wall_n among_o other_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n discover_v about_o this_o old_a work_n at_o ambleside_n be_v several_a medal_n of_o gold_n silver_z and_o copper_n some_o of_o which_o be_v in_o that_o collection_n which_o mr._n thomas_n brathwate_fw-mi of_o amblesâ—de_n give_v by_o deed_n date_v 26_o nou._n 1674._o to_o the_o library_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n a_o little_a mile_n north_n of_o ambleside_n be_v ridal-hall_n ridal_n ridal_n a_o convenient_a large_a ancient_a house_n in_o which_o lordship_n be_v a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v ridall-head_n from_o the_o top_n whereof_o one_o have_v a_o large_a prospect_n and_o if_o the_o day_n be_v clear_a may_v see_v lancaster-castle_n and_o much_o far_o the_o manor_n ancient_o belong_v to_o the_o family_n of_o lancaster_n from_o who_o it_o descend_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o to_o the_o fleming_n who_o have_v be_v lord_n of_o it_o ever_o since_o the_o present_a owner_n be_v sir_n daniel_n fleming_n a_o great_a lover_n of_o ancient_a learning_n to_o who_o we_o be_v particular_o oblige_v for_o several_a useful_a information_n in_o this_o county_n and_o lancashire_n f_o next_o we_o come_v to_o the_o barony_n of_o westmoreland_n whereof_o our_o author_n have_v give_v a_o much_o more_o just_a description_n by_o call_v it_o a_o open_a champain_n country_n of_o cornfield_n meadow_n and_o pasture_n mix_v with_o wood_n and_o as_o it_o be_v hem_v in_o by_o a_o wall_n of_o high_a mountain_n than_o by_o say_v that_o it_o shoot_v out_o with_o many_o wind_n and_o turn_n between_o which_o there_o be_v here_o and_o there_o exceed_v deep_a valley_n which_o very_o well_o suit_v that_o part_n he_o see_v of_o it_o but_o be_v not_o by_o any_o mean_v applicable_a to_o the_o rest_n the_o river_n lune_fw-fr rise_v a_o little_a above_o rissendale_n run_v by_o lang-gill_n where_o dr._n barlow_n late_a bishop_n of_o lincoln_n be_v bear_v in_o april_n 1607._o afterward_o receive_v the_o river_n birkbeck_n it_o run_v down_o by_o a_o field_n call_v gallaber_n where_o there_o stand_v a_o bandreth-stone_n a_o bandreth-stone_n red_a stone_n about_o a_o ell_n high_a with_o two_o cross_n cut_v deep_a on_o one_o side_n the_o tradition_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v that_o former_o it_o be_v the_o merestone_n between_o the_o english_a and_o scot_n how_o true_a it_o may_v be_v i_o dare_v not_o affirm_v but_o only_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v about_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o scotland_n that_o rerecross_a upon_o stanemore_a be_v and_o to_o what_o end_n that_o be_v erect_v mr._n camden_n have_v tell_v we_o to_o prevent_v also_o the_o incursion_n of_o that_o people_n there_o be_v a_o artificial_a mount_n call_v castle-haw_a near_a tebay_n where_o be_v a_o free-school_n endow_v by_o mr._n adamson_n bear_v at_o rownthwait_n who_o be_v likewise_o a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o orton-church_n and_o another_o at_o greenholme_n which_o two_o command_v the_o two_o great_a road_n a_o little_a above_o rownthwait_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o jeffrey-mount_a be_v a_o little_a spring_n call_v goud-sike_a which_o continual_o cast_v up_o small_a silver-like_a piece_n resemble_v spangle_n what_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n be_v leave_v to_o naturalist_n to_o determine_v this_o parish_n of_o 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hospitality_n and_o
of_o chester_n but_o king_n stephen_n to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o scot_n restore_v it_o to_o they_o to_o hold_v of_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n king_n of_o england_n but_o his_o immediate_a successor_n henry_n the_o second_o consider_v what_o a_o prejudice_n this_o profuse_a liberality_n of_o stephen_n be_v both_o to_o he_o and_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n demand_v back_o from_o the_o scots_a northumberland_n cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n for_o the_o scotch_a king_n as_o neubrigensis_n have_v it_o wise_o consider_v that_o since_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v both_o a_o better_a title_n and_o be_v much_o strong_a in_o those_o part_n though_o he_o can_v have_v allege_v the_o oath_n which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v make_v to_o his_o grandfather_n david_n when_o he_o be_v knight_v by_o he_o very_o fair_o and_o honest_o restore_v the_o foresay_a bound_n at_o the_o king_n demand_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o they_o have_v huntingdonshire_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o by_o ancient_a right_n cumberland_n have_v no_o earl_n before_o henry_n the_o eighth_n time_n who_o create_v henry_n clifford_n descend_v from_o the_o lord_n de_fw-fr veteri_fw-la ponte_fw-la or_o vipont_n first_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n cumberland_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n he_o by_o margaret_n daughter_n of_o henry_n percy_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n have_v henry_n the_o second_o earl_n who_o by_o his_o first_o wife_n daughter_n of_o charles_n brandon_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n had_z margaret_z countess_z of_o derby_z and_o by_o his_o second_o daughter_n of_o baron_n dacre_n of_o gillesland_n two_o son_n george_n and_o francis_n george_n the_o three_o earl_n famous_a for_o his_o great_a exploit_n at_o sea_n undaunted_a and_o indefatigable_a die_v in_o the_o year_n 1505_o leave_v a_o only_a daughter_n anne_n etc._n anne_n now_o countess_n of_o dorset_n but_o his_o brother_n sir_n francis_n etc._n etc._n francis_n his_o brother_n the_o four_o earl_n succeed_v he_o in_o who_o appear_v a_o strong_a inclination_n to_o virtue_n worthy_a the_o greatness_n of_o such_o honourable_a ancestor_n determine_v ancestor_n as_o for_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o west-marche_n against_o scotland_n in_o this_o county_n which_o be_v nobleman_n of_o especial_a trust_n i_o need_v to_o say_v nothing_o when_o as_o by_o the_o union_n of_o both_o kingdom_n under_o one_o head_n that_o office_n be_v now_o determine_v this_o county_n have_v 58._o parish-church_n beside_o chapel_n vallum_n or_o the_o pict_n wall_n that_o famous_a wall_n which_o be_v the_o bind_v of_o the_o roman_a province_n call_v by_o ancient_a latin_a writer_n vallum_n barbaricum_fw-la praetentura_fw-la and_o clusura_n i.e._n the_o barbarous_a wall_n the_o breast-work_n the_o fence_n or_o hedge_n cross_v the_o low-land_n the_o the_o latin_n usual_o call_v the_o more_o northern_a tract_n of_o a_o country_n pars_fw-la superior_n otherwise_o that_o through_o which_o the_o picts-wall_n here_o pass_v be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o county_n more_o just_o call_v the_o low-land_n upper_a part_n of_o cumberland_n and_o be_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n to_o be_v pass_v over_o in_o silence_n it_o be_v by_o dio_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o thorough-wall_n by_o herodian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—mpire_n 〈◊〉_d fence_n the_o â—ronâ—_n of_o the_o â—â—inces_n â—_o call_v â—â—â—rae_fw-la ab_fw-la â—â—iendo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d shuting_z out_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o â—â—â—nturaeâ—emâ—_n â—emâ—_z from_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—cht_v out_o â—â—st_n the_o â—â—â—y_v â—â—ithaeâ—â—â—dâ—â—â—_n c._n 14_o 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d of_o â—mpire_n or_o a_o vast_a ditch_n by_o antoninus_n cassiodorus_n and_o other_o vallum_n by_o bede_n murus_n by_o the_o britain_n gual-seve_a gal-seve_a and_o mur-seve_a by_o the_o scot_n scottis-waith_a by_o the_o english_a and_o those_o that_o live_v about_o it_o the_o picts-wall_n or_o the_o pehits-wall_n also_o the_o keepe-wall_n and_o by_o way_n of_o eminence_n the_o wall_n when_o by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n and_o the_o assistance_n of_o courage_n the_o roman_a affair_n have_v succeed_v beyond_o expectation_n and_o the_o ambitious_a bravery_n of_o that_o people_n have_v so_o enlarge_v their_o conquest_n on_o all_o side_n that_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v jealous_a of_o their_o own_o greatness_n the_o emperor_n think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o set_v some_o bound_n to_o their_o dominion_n for_o like_o prudent_a politician_n they_o observe_v that_o greatness_n ought_v to_o have_v its_o bound_n just_a as_o the_o heaven_n keep_v their_o exact_a compass_n and_o the_o sea_n toss_v about_o within_o their_o own_o limit_n now_o these_o bound_n be_v either_o natural_a as_o the_o sea_n the_o large_a river_n mountain_n desert_n or_o artificial_a viz._n fence_n contrive_v such_o be_v ditch_n castle_n tower_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d barricado_n of_o tree_n wall_n of_o earth_n or_o stone_n with_o garrison_n plant_v along_o they_o to_o keep_v out_o the_o barbarian_n whereupon_o theodosius_n novel_n 3_o 〈◊〉_d 3_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o our_o ancestor_n whatever_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v defend_v against_o the_o incursion_n of_o barbarian_n by_o a_o boundary-wall_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o frontier-garison_n lay_v along_o the_o line_n in_o castle_n and_o city_n but_o when_o they_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o neighbour_n part_n of_o they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o pitch_v their_o tent_n in_o the_o enemy_n country_n vegetius_n hence_o we_o meet_v with_o stationes_n agrariae_n in_o vegetius_n and_o part_v make_v excursion_n into_o the_o enemy_n quarter_n to_o observe_v their_o motion_n and_o to_o engage_v if_o they_o can_v upon_o a_o advantage_n in_o this_o island_n particular_o when_o they_o find_v that_o those_o more_o remote_a part_n of_o britain_n have_v nothing_o agreeable_a either_o in_o the_o air_n or_o soil_n that_o they_o be_v inhabit_v by_o that_o barbarous_a crew_n of_o caledonian_n and_o that_o the_o advantage_n by_o subdue_a they_o can_v never_o answer_v the_o trouble_n they_o do_v at_o several_a time_n contrive_v several_a fence_n to_o bind_v and_o secure_v the_o province_n praetentura_n the_o first_o praetentura_n the_o first_o of_o that_o kind_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o julius_n agricola_n when_o he_o set_v garrison_n along_o that_o narrow_a slip_n of_o ground_n between_o glotta_n between_o bodotria_n &_o glotta_n edenborrow-frith_n and_o dunbritten-frith_n aa_n which_o be_v afterward_o fortify_v as_o occasion_v require_v hadrian_n for_o who_o the_o god_n terminus_n retreat_v bb_v praetentura_n the_o second_o praetentura_n make_v the_o second_o after_o he_o have_v retire_v about_o 80_o mile_n either_o out_o of_o envy_n to_o the_o glory_n of_o trajan_n under_o who_o the_o empire_n be_v at_o its_o utmost_a extent_n or_o out_o of_o fear_n he_o say_v spartian_a draw_v a_o wall_n of_o eighty_o mile_n in_o length_n to_o divide_v the_o barbarian_n from_o the_o roman_n which_o one_o may_v gather_v from_o what_o follow_v in_o spartian_a to_o have_v be_v make_v in_o fashion_n of_o a_o militaris_fw-la a_o muralis_fw-la sepis_fw-la some_o read_v militaris_fw-la mural_a hedge_n of_o large_a stake_n fix_v deep_a in_o the_o ground_n and_o fasten_v together_o with_o wattle_n and_o this_o be_v it_o we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o for_o it_o run_v along_o for_o 80_o mile_n together_o and_o upon_o it_o be_v the_o northumberland_n the_o by_o the_o sound_a one_o shall_v guess_v this_o to_o be_v pont_n eland_n in_o northumberland_n pons_n aelia_n classis_fw-la aelia_n cohors_fw-la aelia_n ala_n sabiniana_n which_o take_v their_o name_n from_o aelius_n hadrianus_n and_o sabina_n his_o wife_n and_o the_o scotch_a historian_n who_o write_v the_o rota_n temporum_fw-la temporum_fw-la rota_n temporum_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o hadrian_n do_v first_o of_o all_o draw_v a_o wall_n of_o a_o prodigious_a bigness_n make_v of_o turf_n of_o that_o height_n that_o it_o look_v like_o a_o mountain_n and_o with_o a_o deep_a ditch_n before_o it_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o tine_n to_o the_o river_n eske_n i.e._n from_o the_o german_a to_o the_o irish_a ocean_n which_o hector_n boëtius_n deliver_v in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n lollius_n urbicus_n lieutenant_n of_o britain_n under_o antoninus_n pius_fw-la by_o his_o great_a success_n remove_v back_o the_o bound_n to_o where_o julius_n agricola_n have_v first_o set_v they_o and_o raise_v a_o wall_n there_o which_o be_v the_o three_o fence_n or_o praetentura_n praetentura_n the_o three_o praetentura_n he_o say_v capitolinus_n conquer_v the_o britain_n and_o drive_v back_o the_o barbarian_n make_v another_o wall_n of_o turf_n i.e._n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o hadrian_n the_o honour_n of_o lollius_n success_n in_o britain_n be_v by_o fronto_n as_o the_o panegyrist_n have_v it_o give_v entire_o to_o antoninus_n the_o emperor_n affirm_v that_o though_o he_o live_v quiet_o in_o his_o palace_n at_o rome_n and_o have_v only_o give_v out_o a_o commission_n to_o the_o lieutenant_n yet_o he_o have_v merit_v all_o the_o glory_n as_o a_o pilot_n
dedicate_v his_o book_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o england_n and_o who_o afterward_o hoveden_n rog._n hoveden_n renounce_v the_o world_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n in_o the_o church_n of_o lindisfern_n and_o list_v himself_o a_o soldier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n his_o body_n be_v afterward_o translate_v to_o the_o church_n of_o northam_n when_o also_o the_o dane_n have_v miserable_o waste_v the_o holy_a issand_n wherein_o s._n cuthbert_n so_o much_o magnify_v by_o bede_n be_v bishop_n and_o lay_v bury_v some_o endeavour_v by_o a_o religious_a stealth_n to_o convey_v his_o body_n beyond_o sea_n but_o the_o wind_n stand_v contrary_a they_o with_o all_o due_a reverence_n deposit_v the_o sacred_a body_n at_o 1._o at_o the_o print_a book_n have_v corrupt_o bulbeford_n will._n malmesb_n de_fw-fr gest_n pont._n lib._n 1._o ubbanford_n whether_o a_o bishop_n see_v or_o no_o be_v uncertain_a near_o the_o river_n twede_o where_o it_o lay_v for_o many_o year_n till_o the_o come_n of_o king_n ethelred_n this_o and_o other_o matter_n be_v teach_v i_o for_o i_o shall_v always_o own_o my_o instructor_n by_o george_n carlton_n bear_v at_o this_o place_n be_v son_n to_o the_o keeper_n of_o norham-castle_n who_o for_o his_o excellent_a proficiency_n in_o divinity_n whereof_o he_o be_v professor_n and_o other_o polite_a learning_n i_o love_v and_o be_o love_v by_o he_o and_o i_o be_v unworthy_a of_o that_o love_n if_o i_o shall_v not_o acknowledge_v his_o friendship_n the_o old_a people_n tell_v we_o that_o at_o killey_n killay_n killay_n a_o little_a neighbour_a village_n below_o norham_n be_v find_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o grandfather_n the_o studd_n of_o a_o knight_n belt_n hilt_n a_o golden_a hilt_n and_o the_o hilt_n of_o a_o sword_n of_o massy_a gold_n which_o be_v present_v to_o t._n ruthall_n bishop_n of_o durham_n a_o little_a lower_v you_o have_v the_o mouth_n of_o twede_n on_o the_o far_a bank_n whereof_o stand_v berwick_n berwick_n berwick_n the_o last_o town_n in_o england_n and_o best_a fortify_v in_o all_o britain_n hh_v some_o derive_v the_o name_n of_o this_o town_n from_o one_o berengarius_fw-la a_o romantic_a duke_n leland_n fetch_v it_o from_o aber_n the_o british_a word_n for_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n and_o so_o make_v aberwick_n to_o signify_v a_o fort_n build_v upon_o such_o a_o mouth_n but_o they_o will_v best_o understand_v the_o true_a etymology_n of_o it_o who_o know_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n berwicus_fw-la in_o the_o charter_n of_o our_o king_n manor_n ingulphus_n render_v berwicus_fw-la a_o manor_n wherein_o nothing_o more_o common_a than_o i_o give_v the_o township_n of_o c._n and_o d._n cum_fw-la suis_fw-la berwicis_fw-la two_o for_o my_o part_n what_o it_o shall_v mean_v i_o know_v not_o unless_o it_o be_v a_o hamlet_n or_o some_o such_o dependency_n upon_o a_o place_n of_o better_a note_n for_o in_o the_o grant_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n totthill_n be_v call_v the_o berwicus_fw-la of_o westminster_n wandlesworth_n the_o berwicus_fw-la of_o patricksey_a and_o a_o thousand_o of_o the_o like_a but_o why_o all_o this_o pain_n it_o be_v lose_v labour_n if_o as_o some_o maintain_v the_o saxon_n call_v it_o ancient_o beornica-ƿic_a that_o be_v the_o town_n of_o the_o bernician_o for_o that_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v call_v bernicia_n we_o have_v already_o note_v and_o the_o thing_n be_v too_o well_o know_v to_o be_v here_o repeat_v but_o whence_o ever_o it_o have_v its_o name_n its_o situation_n carry_v it_o a_o good_a way_n into_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o that_o and_o the_o twede_n almost_o encircle_v it_o be_v seat_v betwixt_o two_o mighty_a kingdom_n as_o pliny_n observe_v of_o palmyra_n in_o syria_n it_o have_v always_o be_v the_o first_o place_n that_o both_o nation_n in_o their_o war_n have_v have_v a_o eye_n on_o insomuch_o that_o ever_o since_o edward_n the_o first_o wring_v it_o out_o of_o the_o scotch_a hand_n the_o english_a have_v as_o often_o retake_v it_o as_o the_o scot_n have_v venture_v to_o seize_v it_o but_o if_o the_o reader_n please_v we_o will_v here_o give_v he_o a_o summary_n abstract_n of_o its_o history_n the_o old_a account_n i_o find_v of_o berwick_n be_v that_o william_n king_n of_o scot_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o english_a pawn_v it_o for_o his_o ransom_n to_o our_o henry_n the_o second_o redeemable_a only_o within_o such_o a_o time_n kk_o whereupon_o say_v the_o polychronicon_n of_o durham_n henry_n immediate_o fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n but_o richard_n the_o first_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o scot_n upon_o their_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n afterward_o king_n john_n as_o the_o history_n of_o melross_n report_v take_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o berwick_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o he_o burn_v werk_n roxburgh_n mitford_n and_o morpath_n and_o with_o his_o rutar_n waste_v all_o northumberland_n because_o the_o baron_n of_o that_o county_n have_v do_v homage_n to_o alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n at_o feltun_n a_o great_a many_o year_n after_o this_o when_o john_n balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n have_v break_v his_o oath_n edward_n the_o first_o reduce_v berwick_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1297._o but_o soon_o after_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n favour_v the_o scot_n our_o man_n quit_v it_o and_o they_o seize_v it_o but_o the_o english_a forthwith_o have_v it_o surrender_v to_o they_o again_o afterward_o in_o the_o loose_a reign_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o peter_z spalding_n surrender_v it_o to_o robert_n brus_n king_n of_o scot_n who_o warm_o besiege_v it_o and_o the_o english_a vain_o attempt_v its_o recovery_n till_o our_o hector_n edward_z the_o three_o brave_o carry_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1333._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o some_o scottish_a moss-troopers_a surprise_v the_o castle_n which_o within_o nine_o day_n be_v recover_v by_o henry_n percy_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n within_o seven_o year_n after_o this_o the_o scot_n regain_v it_o but_o by_o purchase_n not_o by_o their_o valour_n whereupon_o the_o say_v henry_n percy_n be_v then_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n be_v accuse_v of_o high-treason_n but_o he_o also_o corrupt_v the_o scot_n with_o money_n and_o so_o get_v it_o again_o a_o long_a time_n after_o this_o when_o england_n be_v almost_o spend_v in_o civil_a war_n henry_n the_o six_o be_v already_o flee_v into_o scotland_n deliver_v it_o up_o to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v himself_o in_o that_o kingdom_n two_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o thomas_n stanley_n with_o a_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n reduce_v it_o to_o the_o obedience_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o since_o which_o time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v several_a time_n fortify_v it_o with_o new_a work_n but_o especial_o queen_n elizabeth_n who_o late_o to_o the_o terror_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o security_n of_o the_o burgher_n have_v draw_v it_o into_o a_o less_o compass_n than_o before_o and_o surround_v it_o with_o a_o high_a stone_n wall_n of_o firm_a ashler_n work_n which_o be_v again_o strengthen_v with_o a_o deep_a ditch_n bastion_n and_o counterscarp_n so_o that_o its_o fortification_n be_v so_o strong_a and_o regular_a that_o no_o besieger_n can_v hope_v to_o carry_v it_o hereafter_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o garrison_n and_o the_o surprise_v plenty_n of_o ammunition_n and_o all_o warlike_a store_n be_v it_o also_o remember_v that_o the_o governor_n of_o this_o place_n be_v always_o a_o person_n of_o the_o great_a wisdom_n and_o eminence_n among_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o be_v also_o warden_n of_o these_o eastern_a march_n the_o mathematician_n have_v place_v this_o town_n in_o 21_o degree_n and_o 43_o minute_n of_o longitude_n and_o in_o 55_o and_o 48_o of_o northern_a latitude_n so_o that_o the_o long_a day_n in_o this_o climate_n consist_v of_o seventeen_o hour_n and_o 22_o minute_n and_o its_o night_n have_v only_o six_o hour_n and_o 38_o minute_n day_n brita_n have_v 〈◊〉_d of_o day_n so_o true_o have_v servius_n honoratus_n write_v of_o this_o country_n britain_n say_v he_o have_v such_o plenty_n of_o day_n that_o she_o have_v hardly_o any_o room_n for_o night_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n that_o the_o soldier_n of_o this_o garrison_n be_v able_a to_o play_v all_o night_n at_o die_n without_o a_o candle_n if_o we_o consider_v their_o thorough_a twilight_n and_o the_o truth_n of_o juvenal_n expression_n minimâ_fw-la contentos_fw-la nocte_fw-la britannos_fw-la britain_n with_o short_a night_n content_a take_v at_o part_v j._n jonston_n verse_n upon_o berwick_n scotorum_fw-la extremo_fw-la sub_fw-la limit_fw-la meta_fw-la furoris_fw-la saxonidum_fw-la gentis_fw-la par_fw-fr utriusque_fw-la labour_n mille_fw-fr vice_n rerum_fw-la quae_fw-la mille_fw-la est_fw-la passa_fw-la ruinas_fw-la mirum_fw-la quî_fw-la potuit_fw-la tot_fw-la superesse_fw-la
northumberland_n more_o rare_a plant_n grow_v wild_a in_o northumberland_n chamaepericlymenum_fw-la park_n ger._n periclymenum_fw-la humile_fw-la c._n b._n parvum_fw-la prutenicum_fw-la clusii_n j._n b._n dwarf_n honeysuckle_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o north-end_n of_o the_o high_a of_o cheviot-hill_n in_o great_a plenty_n echium_fw-la marinum_fw-la b._n p._n sea-buglosse_n at_o scrammerston-mill_n between_o the_o salt-pan_n and_o barwick_n on_o the_o seabaich_n about_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o barwick_n lysimachia_n siliquosa_fw-la glabra_fw-la minor_fw-la latifolia_fw-la the_o lesser_a smooth_a broad-leaved_a cod_v willow-herb_n on_o cheviot-hill_n by_o the_o spring_n and_o rivulet_n of_o water_n pyrola_fw-it alsines_fw-mi floor_z europaea_n c.b._n park_n herba_fw-la trientalis_fw-la j._n b._n winter-green_n with_o chick-weed_n flower_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o picts-wall_n five_o mile_n beyond_o hexham_n northwards_o and_o among_o the_o heath_n upon_o the_o 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divide_v in_o itself_o and_o unsociable_a shall_v all_o in_o general_a like_o one_o uniform_a city_n under_o one_o most_o august_n monarch_n the_o founder_n of_o a_o eternal_a peace_n be_v conjoin_v in_o one_o entire_a body_n who_o be_v through_o the_o propitious_a goodness_n of_o almighty_a god_n elect_a bear_v and_o preserve_v to_o the_o good_a of_o both_o nation_n as_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o singular_a wisdom_n and_o fatherly_a affection_n to_o all_o his_o subject_n do_v so_o cut_v off_o all_o occasion_n of_o fear_n hope_v revenge_n and_o complaint_n that_o the_o fatal_a discord_n which_o have_v so_o long_o engage_v these_o nation_n otherwise_o invincible_a in_o mutual_a war_n be_v stifle_v and_o suppress_v for_o ever_o and_o concord_n rejoice_v exceed_o as_o it_o be_v keep_v holiday_n and_o triumph_n because_o as_o the_o poet_n sing_v jam_fw-la cuncti_fw-la gens_n una_fw-la sumus_fw-la now_o all_o one_o nation_n we_o be_v unite_v fast_o to_o which_o we_o answer_v by_o way_n of_o chorus_n et_fw-la simus_fw-la in_o aevum_fw-la and_o may_v that_o union_n for_o ever_o last_o but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o scotland_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o advertise_v the_o reader_n thus_o much_o beforehand_o that_o i_o leave_v the_o first_o original_a of_o the_o scottish_a nation_n and_o the_o etymology_n of_o their_o name_n banish_v all_o conjecture_n of_o other_o which_o as_o well_o in_o former_a age_n as_o these_o our_o day_n owe_v their_o birth_n either_o to_o hasty_a credulity_n or_o careless_a negligence_n to_o be_v discuss_v by_o their_o own_o historian_n and_o the_o learned_a of_o that_o nation_n and_o follow_v the_o same_o method_n i_o take_v in_o england_n i_o shall_v premise_v something_o in_o short_a touch_v the_o division_n of_o scotland_n the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o then_o brief_o touch_v upon_o the_o situation_n and_o commodity_n of_o every_o several_a county_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o 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continue_v our_o method_n through_o this_o kingdom_n and_o add_v such_o thing_n as_o seem_v proper_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o design_n especial_o be_v encourage_v and_o assist_v herein_o by_o the_o information_n of_o the_o very_a learned_a sir_n robert_n sibbald_n dr._n of_o physic_n who_o have_v give_v sufficient_a testimony_n to_o the_o world_n of_o his_o knowledge_n of_o antiquity_n and_o particular_o those_o of_o his_o own_o country_n as_o albion_n be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o ancient_a name_n that_o we_o meet_v with_o of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o old_a greek_a and_o latin_a author_n so_o be_v albania_n albania_n albania_n of_o that_o northern_a part_n that_o lie_v beyond_o the_o humber_n and_o deva_n the_o learned_a have_v deliver_v various_a reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o call_v but_o the_o most_o probable_a of_o they_o be_v from_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n call_v themselves_o albanich_n who_o likewise_o term_v their_o country_n albin_n and_o their_o 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under_o another_o head_n long_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n this_o nidisdale_n together_o with_o annandale_n breed_v a_o warlike_a sort_n of_o people_n but_o infamous_a for_o their_o depredation_n for_o they_o dwell_v upon_o solway_n a_o fordable_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n through_o which_o they_o often_o make_v excursion_n into_o england_n for_o booty_n and_o in_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n on_o both_o side_n a_o pleasant_a fight_n and_o sport_n hunt_v salmon_n salmon_n salmon_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n with_o spear_n on_o horseback_n or_o if_o you_o have_v rather_o call_v it_o so_o fish_n for_o they_o what_o manner_n of_o cattle-stealer_n they_o be_v that_o inhabit_v these_o valley_n in_o the_o march_n of_o both_o kingdom_n john_n lesley_n a_o scotchman_n himself_o and_o bishop_n of_o ross_n will_v inform_v you_o they_o sally_v out_o of_o their_o own_o border_n in_o the_o night_n in_o troop_n through_o unfrequented_a byway_n and_o many_o intricate_a wind_n all_o the_o day_n time_n they_o refresh_v themselves_o and_o their_o horse_n in_o lurk_a hole_n they_o have_v pitch_v upon_o before_o till_o they_o arrive_v in_o the_o dark_a at_o those_o place_n they_o have_v a_o design_n upon_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v seize_v upon_o the_o booty_n they_o in_o like_a manner_n return_v home_o in_o the_o night_n through_o blind_a way_n and_o fetch_v many_o a_o compass_n the_o more_o skilful_a any_o captain_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o those_o wild_a desert_n crooked_a turn_n and_o deep_a precipice_n in_o the_o thick_a mist_n and_o darkness_n his_o reputation_n be_v the_o great_a and_o he_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o man_n of_o a_o excellent_a head_n and_o they_o be_v so_o very_a cunning_n that_o they_o seldom_o have_v their_o booty_n take_v from_o they_o unless_o sometime_o when_o by_o the_o help_n of_o bloodhound_n follow_v they_o exact_o upon_o the_o tract_n they_o may_v chance_v to_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o adversary_n when_o be_v 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in_o his_o four_o year_n all_o to_o the_o south_n of_o that_o neck_n of_o land_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n be_v add_v to_o the_o roman_a province_n so_o that_o we_o must_v go_v further_a northward_o to_o seek_v for_o they_o and_o tacitus_n himself_o in_o effect_n forbid_v we_o to_o look_v after_o they_o hereabout_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o people_n against_o who_o agricola_n be_v then_o fight_v be_v the_o populi_n caledoniam_fw-la incolentes_fw-la and_o novae_n gentes_fw-la namely_o those_o beyond_o the_o frith_n who_o by_o the_o fortification_n of_o that_o neck_n of_o land_n be_v semoti_fw-la velut_fw-la in_o aliam_fw-la insulam_fw-la i.e._n drive_v as_o it_o be_v into_o another_o island_n so_o that_o if_o the_o relation_n the_o horesti_n may_v have_v to_o esk_n be_v of_o any_o moment_n it_o will_v better_o suit_v the_o people_n dwell_v between_o south-esk_n and_o north-esk_n in_o angus_n but_o that_o name_n real_o seem_v to_o imply_v no_o more_o than_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o mountaineer_n or_o high-lander_n b_o the_o other_o two_o branch_n annandale_n and_o nidisdale_n to_o which_o we_o may_v also_o add_v wachopdale_n make_v up_o the_o shire_n of_o dumfrise_n â—â—â—frise_n â—â—ire_n of_o â—â—â—frise_n take_v its_o name_n from_o from_o the_o chief_a burgh_n of_o the_o shire_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v galloway_n and_o kyle_n on_o the_o east_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o solway-frith_n and_o the_o march_n of_o scotland_n and_o england_n on_o the_o north_n with_o part_n of_o clidsdale_n twedale_n and_o tiviotdale_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o irish-sea_n from_o west_n to_o southeast_n it_o be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n long_o and_o in_o breadth_n about_o thirty_o four_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v a_o stout_a warlike_a people_n in_o former_a time_n the_o bulwark_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o soil_n general_o be_v not_o so_o good_a for_o corn_n as_o pasturage_v so_o that_o they_o deal_v most_o in_o cow_n and_o sheep_n which_o turn_v to_o 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monument_n remarkable_a hereabout_o be_v st._n ruth_n church_n where_o be_v a_o pillar_n curious_o engrave_v with_o some_o inscription_n upon_o it_o near_o this_o place_n the_o people_n have_v a_o way_n of_o make_v salt_n of_o seasand_n and_o the_o salt_n be_v something_o bitterish_a which_o probable_o proceed_v from_o the_o niter_fw-la in_o it_o another_o branch_n of_o dumfrise_n be_v nidisdale_n nidisdale_n nidisdale_n encompass_v with_o a_o ridge_n of_o hill_n on_o all_o side_n and_o in_o the_o bottom_n have_v abundance_n of_o corn._n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o overward_o contain_v the_o parish_n in_o the_o presbytery_n of_o penpont_n and_o the_o netherward_o contain_v those_o of_o dumfrise_n presbytery_n here_o sanchar_n sanchar_n sanchar_n be_v famous_a for_o its_o castle_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o queensbury_n who_o have_v build_v a_o noble_a house_n at_o drumlanerick_n and_o be_v now_o adorn_v it_o with_o stately_a avenue_n garden_n and_o terras-walks_a within_o this_o tract_n also_o be_v dumfrise_n dumfrise_n dumfrise_n upon_o the_o river_n nith_n over_o which_o there_o be_v a_o stone_n bridge_n of_o nine_o arch_n the_o street_n be_v large_a and_o the_o church_n and_o castle_n very_o stately_a for_o the_o convenience_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v much_o help_v by_o the_o tide_n flow_v up_o to_o the_o town_n and_o make_v a_o harbour_n they_o have_v a_o exchange_n for_o the_o merchant_n novantes_fw-la next_o to_o nidisdale_n the_o novantes_fw-la inhabit_v that_o tract_n in_o the_o valley_n which_o spread_v itself_o a_o great_a way_n towards_o the_o west_n yet_o so_o hollow_v with_o creek_n that_o now_o and_o then_o it_o be_v straighten_v into_o a_o narrow_a breadth_n and_o again_o at_o the_o far_a end_n loosen_v and_o widen_v itself_o out_o with_o great_a liberty_n whence_o some_o have_v call_v it_o the_o chersonessus_n or_o peninsula_n of_o the_o novantes_fw-la but_o now_o their_o country_n contain_v galloway_n carick_n kyle_n and_o cunningham_n galloway_n galloway_n â—â—â—lâ—way_o â—â—â—lâ—way_o in_o latin_a writer_n of_o the_o middle_a age_n galwallia_n and_o gallovidia_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o irish_a who_o be_v its_o ancient_a inhabitant_n and_o call_v themselves_o short_a in_o their_o own_o language_n gael_n be_v a_o hilly_a country_n better_a for_o feed_v of_o cattle_n than_o bear_v of_o corn._n the_o inhabitant_n follow_v fish_v as_o well_o in_o the_o sea_n round_o about_o as_o in_o the_o river_n and_o lough_n that_o stand_v every_o where_o under_o the_o hill_n in_o which_o about_o september_n they_o catch_v a_o incredible_a number_n of_o excellent_a eel_n in_o their_o *_o weel_z â—â—ircipuâ—â—â—â—â—loway_o â—â—ircipuâ—â—â—â—â—loway_o by_o which_o they_o be_v no_o less_o gainer_n than_o by_o their_o little_a truss_n naggs_n â—â—ggs_n â—â—ggs_n which_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o compactness_n of_o their_o body_n and_o their_o endure_v of_o labour_n be_v much_o buy_v up_o here_o river_n 〈◊〉_d river_n among_o these_o the_o first_o place_n that_o present_v itself_o upon_o
of_o this_o place_n a_o man_n of_o a_o exemplary_a life_n and_o conversation_n at_o his_o death_n he_o leave_v all_o his_o book_n both_o manuscript_n and_o other_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o dumblane_n and_o mortify_a a_o sum_n for_o erect_v a_o library_n as_o a_o salary_n for_o a_o library-keeper_n be_v mortify_a by_o the_o same_o bishop_n sister_n son_n it_o give_v the_o title_n of_o viscount_n of_o dumblane_n to_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o leeds_n the_o lord_n william_n drummond_n viscount_n of_o strathallan_a have_v here_o a_o very_a fine_a dwelling_n and_o considerable_a revenue_n in_o the_o country_n all_o round_a e_fw-la the_o shire_n of_o argile_n argile_n argile_n and_o perth_n with_o the_o country_n adjacent_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v former_o inhabit_v by_o the_o horesti_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o mountaineer_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n viz._n the_o true_a ancient_a scot_n who_o come_v from_o ireland_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o west-isle_n and_o of_o these_o country_n for_o distinction_n sake_n they_o be_v call_v the_o northern_a pict_n the_o same_o with_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n dicalidones_n which_o buchanan_n agreeable_o to_o the_o meaning_n of_o horesti_n and_o the_o highlander_n read_v duncaledonii_n by_o the_o the_o panegyrist_n eumenius_n they_o be_v name_v hiberni_n soli_fw-la britanni_n and_o by_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o middle_a age_n their_o country_n be_v call_v hibernia_n as_o be_v prove_v in_o the_o description_n of_o thule_n write_v by_o sir_n robert_n sibbalds_n these_o two_o county_n with_o the_o western_a isle_n make_v up_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o scot_n whilst_o the_o rest_n of_o scotland_n be_v under_o the_o roman_n and_o pict_n afterward_o the_o whole_a country_n come_v under_o one_o king_n namely_o kenneth_n the_o second_o who_o be_v call_v rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la the_o shire_n of_o argile_n argile_n argile_n have_v former_o two_o sherifdom_n argile_n and_o tarbert_n but_o now_o they_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o which_o comprehend_v kantyre_n knapdale_n askeodnish_n cowell_n in_o which_o be_v denoun_n the_o bishop_n of_o argile_n seat_n lorne_z and_o many_o of_o the_o west_n isle_n to_o the_o east_n it_o be_v join_v to_o perthshire_n to_o the_o north-east_n it_o touch_v upon_o lochaber_n to_o the_o northwest_n it_o have_v several_a isle_n and_o to_o the_o south_n the_o irish-sea_n and_o the_o firth_n of_o clyde_n in_o length_n it_o be_v about_o six_o score_n mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n some_o forty_o mile_n the_o sea_n in_o many_o place_n run_v up_o a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o land_n in_o long_a bay_n which_o they_o call_v lough_n the_o tract_n proper_o call_v argile_n lie_v between_o lock-fyne_a wherein_o be_v a_o great_a herring-fishing_a and_o lochaw_a a_o fresh_a water_n loch_n twenty_o four_o mile_n long_o and_o one_o broad_a out_o of_o which_o the_o river_n of_o awe_o run_v for_o some_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n and_o then_o enter_v loch-ediff_a the_o whole_a shire_n be_v mountainous_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o speak_v the_o irish_a live_v most_o by_o their_o hunt_n and_o fish_v it_o be_v chief_a town_n be_v innererra_n a_o burgh-royal_a near_o which_o be_v the_o castle_n the_o chief_a residence_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o argile_n adorn_v with_o fine_a garden_n stand_v upon_o the_o water_n of_o eira_n where_o it_o fall_v into_o lochfyne_n f_o the_o southermost_a part_n of_o argileshire_n be_v kintyre_n kintyre_n kintyre_n above_o thirty_o mile_n long_o and_o eight_o or_o nine_o broad_a it_o have_v in_o it_o a_o burgh_n of_o barony_n situate_v upon_o the_o lough_z of_o kilkerran_n call_v campbell-town_n town_n campbeâ—â—_n town_n where_o be_v a_o safe_a harbour_n for_o ship_n have_v a_o island_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o bay_n g_o the_o shire_n of_o perth_n so_o call_v from_o perth_n perth_n perth_n a_o burgh_n royal_a and_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o county_n to_o the_o north_n and_o northwest_n have_v badenoch_n and_o lochabyre_n to_o the_o north-east_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o marr_n to_o the_o west_n with_o argileshire_n to_o the_o south-west_n with_o dumbartonshire_n to_o the_o south_n with_o clackmannanshire_n part_n of_o sterlingshire_n and_o the_o river_n and_o firth_n of_o forth_o to_o the_o southeast_n it_o have_v kinrosshire_n and_o fife_n and_o to_o the_o east_n angus_n the_o length_n of_o it_o from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v above_o fifty_o two_o mile_n the_o breadth_n about_o forty_o eight_o the_o high_a ground_n be_v good_a pasture_n and_o the_o low_a very_o fruitful_a in_o corn_n at_o the_o meagile_a there_o be_v a_o ancient_a monument_n of_o stone_n cut_v with_o several_a figure_n say_v to_o be_v the_o burial_n place_n of_o queen_n vanara_n who_o have_v her_o dwell_a place_n three_o mile_n benorth_n upon_o a_o hill_n call_v barray_v where_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o great_a building_n dunkell_n *_o be_v surround_v with_o pleasant_a wood_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o grampian_n hill_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o tay._n the_o ruin_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v it_o be_v the_o chief_a market_n town_n of_o the_o highland_n and_o be_v of_o late_a very_o much_o adorn_v with_o stately_a building_n erect_v by_o the_o marquis_n of_o athol_n h_o angus_z aâ—gus_n aâ—gus_n the_o head_z town_n whereof_o be_v forfar_n whence_o it_o be_v likewise_o call_v the_o shire_n of_o forfar_n be_v bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n and_o the_o firth_n of_o tay_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o northwest_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o perthshire_n by_o a_o line_n twenty_o seven_o mile_n long_o towards_o the_o north_n the_o ridge_n of_o binchinnin-mountain_n part_v it_o from_o the_o brae_n of_o marr_n and_o to_o the_o east_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o merne_v by_o the_o water_n of_o tarf_n and_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o it_o to_o the_o water_n of_o north-eske_n which_o to_o its_o mouth_n continue_v to_o divide_v this_o shire_n from_o the_o merne_v it_o be_v in_o length_n about_o twenty_o eight_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n about_o twenty_o they_o have_v several_a quarry_n of_o freestone_n and_o much_o slate_n with_o both_o which_o they_o drive_v a_o good_a trade_n near_o the_o castle_n of_o innermarkie_n there_o be_v lead-mine_n and_o they_o find_v great_a plenty_n of_o iron-ore_a near_o the_o wood_n of_o dalboge_v the_o high_a ground_n call_v the_o brae_n abound_v with_o hart_n hind_n roebuck_n do_v and_o fowl_n and_o their_o salmond-trade_n turn_v to_o a_o good_a account_n dundee_n dundee_n dundee_n sâ—tiae_fw-la dundee_n theatrum_fw-la sâ—tiae_fw-la so_o call_v from_o dun_a a_o hill_n and_o the_o river_n tay_n on_o the_o north_n side_n whereof_o it_o be_v situate_v stand_v in_o a_o pleasant_a plain_a and_o be_v adorn_v with_o excellent_a building_n of_o all_o sort_n it_o have_v two_o church_n a_o high_a steeple_n a_o harbour_n for_o ship_n of_o burden_n and_o a_o considerable_a trade_n with_o stranger_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o rich_a and_o those_o who_o fall_v into_o decay_n have_v a_o large_a hospital_n provide_v for_o they_o as_o this_o town_n former_o give_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n and_o dignity_n of_o constable_n to_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o scrimger_n so_o have_v it_o of_o late_o afford_v the_o title_n of_o viscount_n to_o the_o lord_n dundee_n who_o be_v kill_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o gillikrankie_n â—â—hin_n â—â—hin_n brechin_n be_v a_o market-town_n considerable_a for_o salmon_n horse_n ox_n and_o sheep_n it_o have_v a_o stately_a bridge_n over_o the_o river_n esk_n and_o show_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o bishop_n palace_n and_o of_o the_o canon_n house_n it_o be_v likewise_o famous_a for_o a_o memorable_a slaughter_n of_o the_o danes_n not_o far_o from_o it_o in_o this_o county_n it_o be_v that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v kill_v by_o the_o valiant_a keith_n who_o thereupon_o be_v advance_v to_o great_a honour_n by_o king_n malcolm_n the_o second_o who_o be_v present_a in_o person_n at_o the_o battle_n upon_o the_o general_n be_v grave_a there_o be_v a_o high_a stone_n erect_v which_o carry_v the_o name_n of_o camus_n cross_n and_o about_o ten_o mile_n distant_a from_o this_o at_o aberlemno_n be_v another_o cross_n erect_v upon_o some_o of_o the_o dane_n kill_v there_o both_o these_o have_v some_o antique_a picture_n and_o letter_n upon_o they_o aberbrothock_n a_o royal_a burgh_n have_v a_o harbour_n for_o ship_n and_o a_o abbey_n where_o king_n william_n the_o founder_n lie_v with_o a_o stately_a monument_n upon_o he_o this_o country_n have_v several_a seat_n of_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o the_o shire_n of_o mearns_n be_v so_o call_v from_o mearn_n a_o valiant_a gentleman_n to_o who_o it_o be_v give_v by_o kenneth_n the_o second_o call_v also_o the_o shire_n of_o kincarden_n from_o the_o ancient_a town_n of_o kincarden_n to_o the_o east_n it_o be_v
of_o the_o british_a sea_n we_o be_v assure_v by_o pomponius_n mela_n who_o be_v himself_o a_o spaniard_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n shoot_v out_o as_o far_o as_o the_o british_a sea_n nature_n have_v scatter_v certain_a island_n up_o and_o down_o in_o this_o sea_n for_o show_v and_o ornament_n some_o few_o on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n but_o on_o the_o west_n and_o north_n side_n very_o many_o these_o stand_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o as_o it_o be_v embroider_v the_o sea_n and_o paint_v it_o with_o several_a colour_n but_o since_o ireland_n far_o exceed_v the_o rest_n both_o its_o largeness_n and_o reputation_n may_v just_o claim_v the_o first_o place_n in_o this_o treatise_n ireland_n ocean_n the_o vergiviâ—n_a ocean_n in_o the_o vergivian_n sea_n so_o call_v not_o as_o some_o think_v à _fw-la virgendo_fw-la but_o from_o mor_n weridh_n for_o this_o be_v the_o british_a name_n of_o it_o or_o else_o from_o farig_n which_o be_v the_o irish_a lie_v the_o most_o famous_a isle_n of_o ireland_n upon_o the_o west_n side_n of_o britain_n former_o it_o be_v think_v the_o most_o eminent_a island_n in_o the_o world_n but_o two_o for_o thus_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n write_v of_o they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i.e._n among_o the_o island_n taprobane_n in_o india_n must_v first_o take_v place_n for_o renown_n and_o greatness_n next_o to_o it_o britain_n and_o in_o the_o three_o place_n ireland_n another_o island_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o therefore_o ptolemy_n call_v it_o britannia_n parva_n be_v lib._n make_fw-mi constructio_fw-la be_v or_o little_a britain_n by_o argon_fw-la by_o â—â—pris_fw-fr orph._n in_o argon_fw-la orpheus_n aristotle_n and_o claudian_n it_o be_v 1._o be_v of_o the_o several_a name_n of_o ireland_n see_v sir_n james_n wate_n antiquitates_fw-la hibernicae_n p._n 1._o call_v jerna_n by_o juvenal_n and_o mela_n juverna_n by_o diodorus_n siculus_n iris_n by_o martianus_n heracleota_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o eustathius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o inhabitant_n erin_n by_o the_o britain_n yverdon_n and_o by_o the_o english_a ireland_n from_o whence_o these_o name_n be_v derive_v as_o in_o a_o point_n obscure_a and_o difficult_a there_o have_v be_v many_o and_o those_o different_a opinion_n some_o will_v have_v ireland_n deduce_v ab_fw-la hiberno_fw-la tempore_fw-la other_o from_o iberus_n a_o spaniard_n other_o from_o the_o river_n iber_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o eulogium_fw-la from_o a_o captain_n call_v irnalph_n postellus_n in_o his_o public_a lecture_n at_o paris_n upon_o pomponius_n mela_n to_o show_v somewhat_o exquisite_a and_o singular_a derive_v it_o from_o the_o jew_n so_o that_o irin_fw-mi be_v quasi_fw-la jurin_n that_o be_v a_o land_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o jew_n forsooth_o be_v the_o most_o skilful_a soothsayer_n and_o presage_v that_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n will_v at_o last_o settle_v in_o that_o strong_a angle_n caurum_fw-la angle_n ad_fw-la caurum_fw-la towards_o the_o west_n take_v possession_n of_o these_o part_n and_o of_o ireland_n very_o early_o and_o that_o the_o syrian_n and_o the_o tyrian_n also_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v themselves_o there_o that_o they_o may_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o future_a empire_n however_o i_o must_v beg_v the_o reader_n be_v pardon_n if_o i_o can_v subscribe_v to_o these_o opinion_n nay_o even_o that_o which_o be_v general_o take_v for_o grant_v of_o its_o be_v call_v ab_fw-la hiberno_fw-la tempore_fw-la though_o i_o must_v own_o at_o the_o same_o time_n how_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o the_o wind_n from_o whatever_o quarter_n it_o blow_v here_o be_v cold_a and_o pierce_a as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o winter_n hibernia_n juverna_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v without_o question_n descend_v from_o jerna_n the_o name_n we_o find_v of_o it_o in_o orpheus_n and_o aristotle_n and_o so_o likewise_o be_v jerna_n iris_n iverdhon_n and_o ireland_n from_o erin_n the_o name_n by_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o call_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o original_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v from_o this_o irish_a word_n erin_n only_o and_o here_o i_o be_o puzzle_v and_o as_o much_o at_o a_o stand_n as_o the_o great_a philosopher_n heretofore_o for_o i_o be_o not_o able_a so_o much_o as_o to_o guess_v or_o imagine_v any_o thing_n likely_a of_o this_o matter_n in_o question_n unless_o it_o may_v perhaps_o come_v from_o heir_n a_o irish_a word_n signify_v the_o west_n or_o a_o tract_n westward_o and_o so_o erin_n import_v as_o much_o as_o a_o west-country_n be_v derive_v from_o it_o this_o conjecture_n be_v so_o plausible_a that_o it_o former_o satisfy_v i_o both_o because_o this_o be_v the_o most_o westward_o country_n in_o europe_n be_v but_o twelve_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o utmost_a point_n in_o that_o quarter_n and_o also_o because_o the_o most_o western_a kinmaire_n western_a now_o call_v kinmaire_n river_n in_o this_o island_n be_v call_v jernus_n by_o ptolemy_n and_o the_o most_o westward_n promontory_n in_o spain_n from_o whence_o our_o irish_a be_v transplant_v be_v call_v jerne_n by_o strabo_n and_o the_o river_n next_o it_o which_o lie_v also_o more_o westward_n than_o any_o other_o in_o spain_n be_v name_v jerna_n by_o mela._n from_o this_o westward_o situation_n likewise_o spain_n itself_o be_v term_v hesperia_n the_o western_a cape_n in_o africa_n hesperium_n cornu_fw-la and_o westrich_n westphalen_n in_o germany_n etc._n etc._n be_v so_o call_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o strange_a that_o this_o country_n shall_v derive_v its_o name_n from_o a_o western_a situation_n beside_o the_o name_n of_o ireland_n already_o mention_v the_o irish_a bard_n in_o their_o ballad_n call_v it_o britain_n it_o this_o shall_v be_v firbolg_n or_o firbolug_n i.e._n viri_fw-la belgici_fw-la as_o totidanan_n shall_v be_v tuah-de-danan_a i.e._n populus_fw-la danomus_n and_o be_v name_n of_o certain_a sept_n of_o inhabitant_n as_o scot_n pict_n saxon_n etc._n etc._n in_o britain_n it_o be_v possible_a they_o may_v be_v colony_n of_o the_o bâ—lgae_n and_o damnonia_n or_o damnonia_n of_o britain_n tirvolac_n totidanan_n and_o banno_fw-la as_o by_o far_o the_o most_o ancient_a name_n of_o this_o island_n but_o upon_o what_o account_n i_o know_v not_o unless_o this_o banno_fw-la be_v the_o bannomanna_n bannomanna_n bannomanna_n which_o pliny_n out_o of_o timaeus_n mention_n where_o he_o describe_v the_o utmost_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o northern_a ocean_n on_o the_o left_a from_o scythia_n as_o far_o as_o cadez_n for_o it_o do_v not_o yet_o appear_v to_o geographer_n what_o this_o bannomanna_n be_v biaun_n in_o irish_a signify_v holy_a and_o the_o island_n itself_o be_v call_v sacred_a or_o the_o scholiast_n the_o vide_fw-la pindar_n pyth._n 4._o &_o scholiast_n insula_fw-la sacra_fw-la by_o festus_n avienus_n in_o that_o book_n of_o his_o entitle_v orae_n maritimae_n maritima_n sacra_fw-la insula_fw-la orae_n maritima_n which_o he_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n hecateus_n milesius_n hellanicus_n lysbius_n philaeus_n atheniensis_fw-la caryandaeus_fw-la pausymachus_fw-la samius_n damastus_fw-la euctimon_n and_o other_o 〈◊〉_d other_o isacius_n tzetzes_n say_v seldâ—n_o in_o his_o comment_n upon_o licâ—piâ—r_n p._n 155._o seem_v to_o mean_a ireland_n by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o i_o will_v subjoin_v his_o verse_n for_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o ostrymide-island_n he_o say_v ast_n hinc_fw-la duobus_fw-la in_o sacram_fw-la sic_fw-la insulam_fw-la dixêre_fw-la prisci_fw-la solibus_fw-la cursus_fw-la rati_fw-la est_fw-la haec_fw-la inter_fw-la undas_fw-la multum_fw-la cespitem_fw-la jacit_fw-la eamque_fw-la latè_fw-la gens_fw-la hibernorum_fw-la colit_fw-la propanqua_fw-la rursus_fw-la insula_fw-la albionum_fw-la patet_fw-la hence_o to_o the_o holy_a isle_n the_o ancient_a name_n two_o sun_n will_v bring_v you_o through_o the_o pathless_a stream_n where_o fall_v turf_n advance_v every_o tide_n over_o spacious_a tract_n the_o rove_a irish_a spread_v and_o neighbour_a albion_n show_v her_o lofty_a head_n if_o that_o ogygia_n which_o plutarch_n place_n on_o the_o west_n of_o britain_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o real_a truth_n lunâ—_n ogygia_n in_o lib._n 〈◊〉_d maâ—_n 〈◊〉_d lunâ—_n and_o not_o fictitious_a and_o mere_a dream_n one_o will_v take_v ireland_n to_o be_v there_o signify_v by_o that_o name_n though_o the_o story_n themselves_o which_o be_v tell_v of_o it_o be_v all_o of_o they_o romantic_a and_o idle_a nor_o be_v it_o easy_a perhaps_o to_o find_v a_o reason_n why_o they_o shall_v call_v it_o ogygia_n unless_o from_o the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o for_o the_o greek_n never_o attribute_v that_o name_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o particular_o ancient_a robertus_fw-la constantinus_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v quite_o out_o in_o affirm_v our_o ireland_n to_o be_v mean_v by_o cerne_n in_o lycophron_n for_o lycophron_n
dublin_n of_o unite_a to_o dublin_n glendelac_n leighlin_n glendelac_n unite_a to_o leighlin_n fern._n ossory_n otherwise_o kilkenny_n otherwise_o and_o kilkenny_n the_o canic_n leighlin_n canic_n leighlin_n lechlin_n kildare_n otherwise_o dare._n under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o cassil_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o killaloe_n of_o killaloe_n laonie_n or_o de_fw-fr kendalnan_n limrick_n isle_n of_o gathy_n tuam_fw-la gathy_n kilfenora_n unite_v either_o to_o kâ—illaloo_n or_o tuam_fw-la cellumabrath_n cashell_n cellumabrath_n em_o annex_v to_o cashell_n melice_n or_o the_o emile_v rosse_n otherwise_o roscree_n waterford_n otherwise_o baltifordian_a waterford_n baltifordian_a lismore_n unite_v to_o waterford_n lismore_n cloyne_v lismore_n cloyne_v clon_n otherwise_o de_fw-fr cluanan_n corcage_v or_o cork_n cork_n cork_n rosse_n unite_v to_o cork_n de_fw-fr rosalither_n lamerick_n rosalither_n ardfort_n unite_v to_o lamerick_n ardefert_fw-la under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o tuam_fw-la be_v the_o bishop_n of_o duac_n otherwise_o clonfert_n otherwise_o kilmacough_n unite_v to_o clonfert_n killmacduoc_n de_fw-fr mageo_fw-la enachdun_fw-la de_fw-fr cellaiaro_n de_fw-fr roscomon_n clonfert_fw-la killalla_n clonfert_fw-la unite_a to_o killalla_n achad_n hol._n achad_n or_o achâ—iry_a hol._n lade_n otherwise_o killalla_n otherwise_o killalla_n killale_v de_fw-fr conani_n de_fw-fr killmanduach_n elphin_n day_n elphin_n beside_o these_o alteration_n already_o mention_v the_o bishopric_n of_o rathluc_n dalnliquir_n isle_n of_o gathay_n roscree_n mage_n enachdun_n de_fw-fr câ—laiar_n râ—scomon_n and_o câ—nany_n be_v unite_v to_o some_o of_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o in_o be_v at_o this_o day_n momonia_n or_o monster_n momonia_n in_o irish_a mow_v and_o in_o compound_a wown_n in_o english_a monster_n lie_v southward_o open_a to_o the_o vergivian-sea_n separate_v from_o connaught_n for_o some_o while_n by_o the_o river_n siney_n or_o shanon_n and_o from_o lemster_n by_o the_o river_n neor_n former_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o part_n as_o towoun_v i.e._n north_n monster_n deswoun_v i.e._n south_n monster_n heir_n woun_n west_n monster_n mean-woun_a middle_a monster_n and_o urwoun_v the_o fore_a part_n of_o monster_n but_o at_o this_o day_n into_o two_o part_n west_n monster_n and_o south_n monster_n the_o west_n monster_n be_v in_o old_a time_n the_o country_n of_o the_o luceni_n the_o velabri_n and_o the_o uterini_fw-la the_o south_n be_v that_o of_o the_o oudiae_n or_o vediae_n and_o the_o coriondi_n but_o at_o present_v it_o be_v distinguish_v into_o waterford_n into_o into_o â—â—x_n at_o present_a cork_n kerry_n limerick_n clare_n typerary_n and_o waterford_n seven_o county_n kerry_n desmond_n cork_n limerick_n tiperary_n holy-cross_n and_o waterford_n in_o the_o most_o westward_a part_n of_o ireland_n and_o where_o it_o tent_n towards_o the_o cantabrian_a ocean_n confront_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n southwestward_a gallitia_n in_o spain_n the_o velabri_n and_o the_o luceni_n former_o inhabit_v as_o orosius_n write_v the_o luceni_n of_o ireland_n who_o seem_v to_o derive_v their_o name_n and_o origînal_n from_o the_o lucensii_n of_o gallitia_n in_o the_o opposite_a coast_n of_o spain_n lucâ—ni_fw-la lucâ—ni_fw-la of_o who_o name_n some_o remain_v be_v to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o barony_n of_o lyxnaw_n be_v seat_v as_o i_o suppose_v in_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n and_o in_o conilogh_n in_o conilogh_n conoglogh_n hard_o by_o upon_o the_o river_n shanon_n the_o county_n of_o kerry_n the_o county_n of_o kerry_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o shannon_n shoot_v forth_o like_o a_o little_a tongue_n into_o the_o sea_n roar_v on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o this_o county_n stand_v high_a and_o have_v many_o wild_a and_o woody_a hill_n in_o it_o between_o which_o lie_v many_o valley_n whereof_o some_o produce_v corn_n other_o wood_n this_o present_a this_o it_o be_v soâ—_n but_o be_v not_o at_o present_a be_v reckon_v a_o county_n palatine_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n have_v herein_o the_o dignity_n and_o prerogative_n of_o a_o count_n palatine_n by_o the_o gift_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o who_o grant_v they_o all_o royalty_n except_v the_o try_v of_o four_o plea_n fire_n rape_n forestall_v and_o treasure-trouve_a with_o the_o profit_n arise_v the_o croccis_fw-la which_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o this_o liberty_n through_o the_o weakness_n of_o such_o as_o either_o will_v not_o or_o know_v not_o how_o to_o use_v it_o become_v the_o very_a sink_n of_o all_o mischief_n and_o the_o refuge_n of_o seditious_a person_n in_o the_o very_a entrance_n into_o this_o country_n there_o be_v a_o territory_n call_v clanmoris_a câ—an-moâ—â—â—_a câ—an-moâ—â—â—_a from_o one_o moris_n of_o the_o family_n of_o raimund_n la_fw-fr grosse_n who_o heir_n be_v successive_o call_v baron_n of_o lixnaw_n cross_n through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o run_v a_o little_a river_n now_o nameless_a though_o perhaps_o by_o its_o situation_n riv_fw-mi â—â—_o riv_fw-mi that_o which_o ptolemy_n call_v the_o dur_n and_o pass_v by_o trailey_n a_o small_a town_n now_o almost_o desolate_a where_o have_v be_v a_o house_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o desmund_n hard_o by_o lie_v ardurt_n 〈◊〉_d â—â—hâ—prick_n 〈◊〉_d the_o see_v of_o a_o poor_a bishop_n call_v of_o ardefertb._n almost_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o promontory_n there_o lie_v on_o one_o side_n dingle_n â—â—â—gâ—e_n â—â—â—gâ—e_n a_o commodious_a haven_n and_o on_o the_o other_o smerwick_n â—â—erwick_a â—â—erwick_a contract_v from_o st._n mary-wic_a a_o road_n for_o ship_n limerick_n ship_n now_o unite_v to_o limerick_n where_o late_o as_o girald_n earl_n of_o desmund_n a_o man_n base_o treacherous_a to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n waste_v and_o spoil_v monster_n arrive_v some_o tumulâ—â—â—â—i_fw-la some_o tumulâ—â—â—â—i_fw-la confuse_a troop_n of_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n send_v to_o his_o assistance_n by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o thirteen_o and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o fortify_v themselves_o here_o calling_z it_z fort_n deal_v over_o and_o threaten_v the_o country_n with_o great_a ruin_n but_o this_o danger_n be_v end_v by_o the_o come_n and_o first_o onset_n of_o the_o viceroy_n the_o most_o famous_a and_o warlike_a baron_n grey_n art_n lord_n grey_n lord_n arthur_n grey_n for_o they_o forthwith_o surrender_v and_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n most_o of_o they_o which_o be_v think_v in_o policy_n the_o wise_a and_o safe_a course_n consider_v the_o then_o present_a posture_n of_o affair_n and_o that_o the_o rebel_n be_v ready_a to_o break_v out_o in_o all_o quarter_n in_o conclusion_n the_o earl_n of_o desmund_n be_v himself_o force_v to_o fly_v into_o the_o wood_n thereabouts_o for_o shelter_n and_o soon_o after_o set_v upon_o in_o a_o poor_a cottage_n by_o one_o or_o two_o soldier_n who_o wound_v he_o so_o be_v discover_v he_o be_v behead_v for_o his_o disloyalty_n and_o the_o mischief_n he_o have_v do_v this_o country_n perhaps_o some_o will_v impute_v it_o to_o want_v of_o gravity_n and_o prudence_n in_o i_o irish_a a_o ridiculous_a persuasion_n of_o the_o wild_a irish_a if_o i_o give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o old_a opinion_n of_o the_o wild_a irish_a and_o still_o current_a among_o they_o that_o he_o who_o in_o the_o great_a clamour_n and_o outcry_n which_o the_o soldier_n usual_o make_v with_o much_o strain_n before_o a_o onset_n do_v not_o huzza_n as_o the_o rest_n do_v be_v sudden_o snatch_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o carry_v fly_v into_o these_o desert_a valley_n from_o any_o part_n of_o ireland_n whatsoever_o that_o there_o he_o eat_v grass_n lap_v water_n have_v no_o sense_n of_o happiness_n nor_o misery_n have_v some_o remain_v of_o his_o reason_n but_o none_o of_o his_o speech_n and_o that_o at_o long_o run_v he_o shall_v be_v catch_v by_o the_o hunter_n and_o bring_v back_o to_o his_o own_o home_n desmonia_n or_o desmond_n beneath_o the_o country_n of_o the_o old_a luceni_n lie_v desmond_n stretch_v out_o a_o long_a way_n with_o a_o considerable_a breadth_n towards_o the_o south_n in_o irish_a deswown_n in_o english_a desmond_n former_o people_v by_o the_o velabri_n vâ—â—â—â—ri_fw-la vâ—â—â—â—ri_fw-la and_o the_o iberni_n who_o in_o some_o copy_n be_v call_v uterini_fw-la the_o velabri_n may_v seem_v to_o derive_v their_o name_n from_o aber_n i.e._n aestuary_n for_o they_o dwell_v among_o such_o frith_n upon_o parcel_n of_o ground_n divide_v from_o one_o another_o by_o great_a incursion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o which_o the_o artabri_n and_o cantabri_n in_o spain_n also_o take_v their_o name_n among_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n here_o there_o be_v three_o several_a promontory_n beside_o kerry_n above_o mention_v shoot_v out_o with_o their_o crooked_a and_o wind_a shore_n to_o the_o south-west_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n former_o call_v hierwoun_n i.e._n west-mounst_a the_o first_o of_o they_o which_o lie_v between_o dingle-bay_n and_o the_o river_n mair_n be_v call_v clan-car_n and_o have_v a_o castle_n build_v at_o dunkeran_n by_o the_o carew_n of_o england_n dunkerran_n england_n it_o be_v nâ—w_o divide_v into_o the_o barony_n of_o
title_n of_o earl_n of_o wiltshire_n give_v by_o king_n h._n the_o 6_o to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n but_o be_v lord_n deputy_n of_o ireland_n as_o some_o other_o of_o this_o family_n have_v be_v and_o treasurer_n of_o england_n he_o be_v banish_v by_o edw._n the_o four_o and_o soon_o after_o take_v and_o behead_v his_o brother_n be_v banish_v likewise_o and_o abscond_v john_n die_v at_o jerusalem_n without_o child_n thomas_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o h._n the_o seven_o have_v his_o attainder_n reverse_v and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1515_o leave_v two_o daughter_n ann_n marry_v to_o james_n to_o sir_n james_n james_n de_fw-fr s._n leger_n and_o margaret_n the_o wife_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr bullein_n who_o have_v issue_n thomas_n issue_n sir_n thomas_n thomas_n bullein_n make_v first_o viscount_n of_o rochfort_n and_o after_o earl_n of_o wilton_n and_o ormond_n by_o king_n hen._n the_o 8_o upon_o his_o marriage_n with_o ann_n bullein_n the_o earl_n daughter_n by_o she_o he_o have_v elizabeth_n queen_n of_o england_n who_o memory_n will_v be_v ever_o sacred_a to_o the_o english_a after_o the_o death_n of_o thomas_n bullein_n etc._n bullein_n without_o issue_n male_a sir_n pierce_n etc._n etc._n peter_n or_o peirce_n butler_n a_o man_n of_o great_a power_n in_o ireland_n and_o of_o the_o earl_n family_n who_o have_v be_v before_o create_v earl_n of_o ossery_n by_o k._n henry_n the_o 8_o be_v now_o also_o prefer_v to_o the_o earldom_n of_o ormond_n he_o die_v leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n james_n who_o by_o the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o james_n earl_n of_o desmond_n have_v a_o son_n thomas_z earl_n of_o ormond_n now_o live_v who_o fidelity_n and_o loyalty_n have_v be_v render_v eminent_a by_o many_o trial_n he_o have_v marry_v his_o only_a daughter_n to_o theobald_n butler_n his_o brother_n son_n upon_o who_o king_n james_n have_v late_o confer_v the_o title_n of_o viscount_n tullo_n as_o for_o the_o story_n of_o some_o irish_a and_o those_o 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mortality_n foundation_n of_o the_o hospitaller_n and_o order_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n fol._n monmouthshire_n lamentable_a news_n from_o monmouthshire_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o 26_o parish_n in_o a_o great_a flood_n which_o happen_v january_n 1607._o publish_a the_o same_o year_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o wire-works_a at_o tinton_n in_o monmouthshire_n ray_n english_a word_n pag._n 194._o norfolk_z see_v sir_n william_n dugdale_n history_n of_o imbank_v of_o the_o lamentable_a burn_v of_o east_n derham_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n july_n 1._o 1581._o in_o verse_n black_a letter_n publish_v 1582._o history_n of_o the_o norfolk-rebel_n by_o alexander_n nevil_n a_o kentish-man_n with_o the_o history_n of_o norwich_n and_o a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o mayor_n publish_a 1575._o norfolk_n fury_n or_o a_o view_n of_o kitt_n camp_n with_o a_o table_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o sheriff_n of_o norwich_n etc._n etc._n do_v out_o of_o latin_a into_o english_a by_o r._n w._n 1615._o 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1675._o to_o nou._n 5._o in_o a_o letter_n to_o a_o friend_n 1675._o name_n of_o the_o hide_v in_o northamptonshire_n by_o francis_n tate_n ms._n wood_n athenae_n vol._n 1._o p._n 349._o a_o survey_n of_o this_o county_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v intend_v by_o mr._n augustin_n vincent_n wood_n athenae_n vol._n 1._o p._n 349._o northumberland_n a_o chorographical_a survey_n of_o newcastle_n upon_o tine_n by_o ....._o grey_n an._n 1649._o england_n grievance_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o cole-trade_n with_o a_o map_n of_o the_o river_n of_o tine_n and_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n and_o corporation_n of_o newcastle_n 1655._o a_o survey_n of_o the_o river_n tine_n grave_v by_o fathorne_n the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n be_v now_o ready_a for_o the_o press_n compile_v by_o mr._n nicolson_n archdeacon_n of_o carlisle_n who_o design_n short_o to_o publish_v the_o book_n under_o this_o title_n norðanhymbraric_n or_o a_o description_n of_o the_o 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monumenta_fw-la danica_n danish_n remain_v in_o the_o language_n temple_n court_n of_o judicature_n runic_a inscription_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o whole_a will_v be_v prefix_v a_o prefatory_a discourse_n of_o the_o condition_n these_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v in_o upon_o and_o some_o time_n before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o saxon_n wherein_o notice_n will_v be_v take_v of_o many_o piece_n of_o british_a and_o roman_a antiquity_n never_o yet_o observe_v large_a collection_n have_v be_v make_v by_o sir_n robert_n shafto_n relate_v to_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n mr._n clavering_n of_o callaly_n a_o very_a know_a antiquary_n have_v also_o do_v great_a service_n to_o his_o native_a country_n in_o this_o kind_n nottinghamshire_n the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o county_n of_o nottingham_n by_o dr._n robert_n thoroton_n oxfordshire_n manuscript_n history_n of_o alchester_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o mr._n blackwell_n history_n and_o antiquity_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n by_o anthony_n à _fw-fr wood_n fol._n twine_n vindication_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n natural_a history_n of_o oxfordshire_n by_o dr._n robert_n plot_n folio_n survey_v of_o woodstock_n by_o mr._n widow_n athen._n oxon._n vol._n 2._o p._n 119._o parochial_a antiquity_n or_o the_o history_n of_o ambrosden_n burcester_n and_o other_o adjacent_a town_n and_o village_n in_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o county_n of_o oxford_n deliver_v the_o general_n remain_v of_o the_o british_a roman_a and_o saxon_a age_n and_o a_o more_o particular_a account_n of_o english_a memoir_n reduce_v into_o annal_n from_o 1_o will._n conq._n to_o 1_o edw._n 4._o with_o several_a sculpture_n of_o ancient_a and_o modern_a curiosity_n 4o._o by_o the_o reverend_n mr._n white_a kennet_n b._n d._n a_o account_n of_o a_o earthquake_n in_o oxfordshire_n philosoph_n transact_v num._n 10._o p._n 166._o &_o num._n 11._o p._n 180._o a_o relation_n of_o a_o accident_n by_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n in_o oxford_n philosoph_n transact_v num._n 13._o pag._n 215._o rutlandshire_n antiquity_n of_o rutlandshire_n by_o mr._n wright_n folio_n somersetshire_n the_o ancient_a law_n custom_n and_o order_n of_o the_o miner_n in_o the_o king_n forest_n of_o mendipp_n in_o the_o county_n of_o somerset_n london_n 1687._o 12o._o proposal_n for_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o somersetshire_n have_v be_v publish_v by_o mr._n john_n beaumond_n a_o letter_n from_o mr._n beaumond_n give_v a_o account_n of_o ookey-hole_n and_o other_o subterraneous_a grotto_n in_o mendip-hill_n philosoph_n transact_v 1681._o num._n 2._o ookey-hole_n describe_v an._n 1632._o thermae_n redivivae_fw-la by_o mr._n john_n chapman_n 1673._o with_o a_o appendix_n of_o coriat_n rhime_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o bath_n johnson_n in_o his_o mercurius_n britannicus_n have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o bath_n with_o a_o ground-plot_n of_o the_o city_n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o several_a bath_n and_o hot_a water_n at_o the_o bath_n with_o the_o life_n and_o character_n of_o the_o physician_n that_o have_v live_v and_o practise_v there_o together_o with_o a_o enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o s._n vincent_n rock_n near_o bristol_n and_o that_o of_o castle_n cary_n by_o dr._n thomas_n guidot_n enlarge_v by_o the_o same_o hand_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o several_a antiquity_n 1691._o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o city_n of_o bath_n collect_v in_o latin_a by_o the_o same_o author_n ms._n staffordshire_n natural_a history_n of_o staffordshire_n by_o dr._n robert_n plot._n fol._n genealogy_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n in_o this_o county_n ms._n write_v by_o mr._n erdswick_n and_o now_o in_o the_o collection_n of_o walter_n chetwind_v esq_n who_o very_o much_o improve_v it_o suffolk_n a_o account_n of_o some_o saxon_a coin_n find_v in_o suffolk_n philosoph_n transact_v num._n 189._o 1687._o warwickshire_n the_o antiquity_n of_o warwickshire_n by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n westmorland_z the_o antiquity_n of_o westmoreland_n collect_v by_o mr._n thomas_n machel_n of_o
to_o proceed_v by_o conjecture_n than_o to_o offer_v at_o any_o positive_a determination_n now_o this_o account_n of_o our_o descent_n from_o gomer_n and_o gaul_n seem_v much_o more_o substantial_a more_o ancient_a and_o better_o ground_v than_o that_o from_o brutus_n and_o troy_n nay_o i_o do_v not_o despair_v to_o prove_v that_o our_o britain_n be_v real_o the_o offspring_n of_o the_o gaul_n by_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o name_n situation_n religion_n custom_n and_o language_n of_o both_o nation_n for_o in_o all_o these_o particular_n the_o most_o ancient_a britain_n and_o the_o gaul_n seem_v to_o have_v agree_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v but_o one_o people_n that_o i_o may_v prove_v this_o assertion_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o make_v a_o small_a digression_n name_n the_o name_n as_o touch_v the_o name_n because_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o before_o thus_o much_o only_o shall_v be_v repeat_v that_o as_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n be_v call_v gomeraei_n gomeritae_n and_o by_o contraction_n cimbri_n so_o likewise_o be_v our_o britain_n call_v cumeri_fw-la and_o kimbri_n now_o that_o the_o gaul_n be_v call_v gomeri_fw-la josephus_n and_o zonaras_n as_o i_o say_v before_o do_v both_o witness_n and_o that_o they_o be_v also_o call_v cimbri_n may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o cicero_n and_o appian_n those_o barbarian_n who_o marius_n defeat_v cicero_n plain_o term_v gaul_n proconsul_n de_fw-fr proconsul_n caius_n marius_n say_v he_o put_v a_o check_n upon_o the_o gaulish_a force_n who_o be_v pour_v into_o italy_n and_o all_o historian_n agree_v that_o these_o be_v the_o cimbri_n and_o the_o coat-armour_n of_o beleus_n their_o king_n dig_v up_o at_o aix_n in_o provence_n where_o marius_n rout_v they_o do_v evince_v the_o same_o for_o these_o word_n 1235._o forcatulâ—s_v out_o of_o the_o french_a annalâ—_n 1235._o beleos_n cimbros_n be_v engrave_v upon_o it_o in_o a_o strange_a character_n also_o writer_n do_v unanimous_o agree_v that_o those_o be_v gaul_n who_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o brennus_n rob_v the_o temple_n of_o delphi_n in_o greece_n and_o yet_o that_o the_o same_o be_v call_v cimbri_n we_o learn_v plain_o from_o appian_n in_o his_o illyrick_n the_o celta_n or_o gaul_n say_v he_o who_o be_v call_v cimbri_n and_o now_o i_o think_v it_o needless_a to_o have_v recourse_n to_o lucan_n who_o call_v that_o ruffian_n hire_v to_o kill_v marius_n a_o cimbrian_a whereas_o livy_n and_o other_o affirm_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o gaul_n or_o to_o plutarch_n by_o who_o the_o cimbri_n be_v call_v galloscythians_n or_o to_o reinerus_n reineccius_n a_o excellent_a historian_n who_o ground_v upon_o plutarch_n word_n in_o his_o sertorius_n be_v very_o positive_a that_o the_o gaul_n and_o cimbrian_o use_v the_o same_o language_n nor_o will_v i_o insist_v upon_o that_o cimbrian_a word_n which_o be_v the_o only_a one_o now_o extant_a by_o pliny_n produce_v out_o of_o philemon_n to_o wit_n morimarusa_n morimarusa_n morimarusa_n i.e._n the_o dead_a sea_n which_o be_v pure_o a_o british_a word_n for_o mor_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v sea_n and_o marw_n dead_a see_v therefore_o tâ—â—tion_n the_o s_n tâ—â—tion_n that_o these_o nation_n agree_v in_o their_o most_o ancient_a name_n whence_o can_v we_o conceive_v that_o name_n shall_v pass_v over_o into_o this_o island_n but_o along_o with_o the_o first_o planter_n that_o come_v hither_o out_o of_o gaul_n a_o country_n separate_v from_o it_o but_o by_o a_o very_a narrow_a channel_n for_o the_o world_n be_v not_o people_v all_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v as_o a_o certain_a truth_n that_o those_o country_n which_o lie_v near_a to_o the_o mountain_n of_o armenia_n where_o the_o ark_n rest_v after_o the_o flood_n and_o from_o whence_o mankind_n be_v propagate_v be_v first_o of_o all_o inhabit_v as_o for_o instance_n the_o lesser_a asia_n and_o greece_n before_o italy_n italy_n before_o gaul_n and_o gaul_n before_o britain_n navigation_n erasmus_fw-la michael_n â—f_a navigation_n on_o this_o occasion_n we_o may_v with_o satisfaction_n consider_v how_o the_o great_a creator_n when_o he_o frame_v the_o world_n contrive_v such_o a_o connexion_n between_o the_o part_n of_o the_o main_a land_n and_o place_v the_o island_n at_o such_o convenient_a distance_n that_o no_o one_o be_v so_o remote_a but_o that_o it_o be_v within_o a_o clear_a view_n of_o some_o other_o land_n to_o this_o end_n probable_o that_o when_o country_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v overburthen_v with_o people_n they_o may_v see_v where_o to_o discharge_v themselves_o till_o so_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o its_o creator_n the_o universe_n in_o all_o its_o part_n shall_v be_v replenish_v with_o people_n we_o may_v therefore_o reasonable_o imagine_v that_o the_o ancient_a gomeri_fw-la be_v either_o push_v on_o by_o such_o as_o press_v forward_o for_o room_n or_o send_v abroad_o to_o ease_v a_o overpeopled_n country_n or_o carry_v from_o home_n by_o the_o natural_a itch_n which_o mankind_n have_v to_o see_v foreign_a country_n upon_o some_o one_o or_o other_o of_o these_o account_n those_o ancient_a gomeri_fw-la might_n probable_o at_o first_o cross_n over_o the_o channel_n into_o this_o our_o island_n which_o lie_v so_o near_o they_o that_o they_o can_v easy_o discern_v it_o from_o the_o continent_n reason_n itself_o also_o tell_v we_o that_o every_o country_n must_v have_v receive_v its_o first_o inhabitant_n rather_o from_o neighbour_a than_o from_o remote_a place_n who_o will_v not_o judge_v that_o cyprus_n have_v its_o first_o inhabitant_n it_o inhabitant_n this_o opinion_n of_o people_n britain_n from_o gaul_n be_v oppose_v by_o some_o who_o be_v incline_v rather_o to_o think_v they_o come_v from_o germany_n not_o only_o because_o caesar_n tell_v we_o the_o inland_a britain_n be_v aborigines_n seem_v to_o imply_v that_o he_o can_v not_o discover_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o gaulish_a tongue_n among_o they_o but_o also_o tacitus_n infer_v from_o the_o make_v of_o their_o limb_n and_o other_o circumstance_n that_o the_o german_n plant_v the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o it_o from_o asia_n next_o to_o it_o crete_n and_o sicily_n from_o their_o neighbour_n greece_n corsica_n from_o italy_n and_o to_o come_v near_a home_n zealand_n from_o germany_n border_v upon_o it_o or_o iseland_n from_o norway_n rather_o than_o from_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o tartary_n or_o mauritania_n in_o like_a manner_n why_o shall_v we_o not_o think_v that_o our_o britain_n be_v first_o of_o all_o people_a by_o the_o gaul_n which_o be_v our_o next_o neighbour_n rather_o than_o that_o the_o trojan_n italian_n alban_n or_o brutian_o who_o lie_v at_o such_o a_o vast_a distance_n from_o it_o be_v its_o first_o inhabitant_n nor_o indeed_o do_v writer_n fetch_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o britain_n from_o any_o other_o place_n than_o from_o gaul_n its_o next_o neighbour_n the_o innermost_a part_n of_o britain_n say_v caesar_n be_v inhabit_v by_o those_o who_o according_a to_o tradition_n be_v believe_v to_o be_v aborigines_n the_o seacoast_n by_o such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o belgium_n in_o gaul_n on_o purpose_n to_o make_v new_a conquest_n and_o these_o people_n be_v general_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o those_o city_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v now_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o their_o new_a plantation_n for_o there_o be_v in_o britain_n as_o well_o as_o in_o gaul_n people_n call_v belgae_n atrebatii_n parisii_n cenomanni_n etc._n etc._n tacitus_n also_o say_v if_o we_o consider_v all_o circumstance_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o gaul_n first_o people_v britain_n which_o lie_v so_o near_o they_o bede_n too_o among_o all_o our_o writer_n a_o most_o constant_a friend_n to_o truth_n give_v this_o as_o his_o opinion_n at_o first_o say_v he_o this_o island_n be_v inhabit_v only_o by_o those_o britain_n from_o who_o also_o it_o take_v its_o name_n who_o from_o armorica_n as_o it_o be_v say_v cross_v over_o into_o britain_n and_o there_o plant_v themselves_o upon_o the_o southern_a coast_n the_o armorican_a tract_n he_o call_v the_o seacoast_n of_o gaul_n which_o lie_v direct_o opposite_a to_o our_o island_n it_o make_v also_o very_o much_o to_o our_o purpose_n that_o caesar_n relate_v how_o in_o his_o time_n divitiacus_n who_o govern_v a_o great_a part_n of_o gaul_n have_v britain_n also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n under_o his_o dominion_n and_o what_o be_v of_o yet_o great_a moment_n britanni_n britain_n in_o gaul_n some_o copy_n of_o pliny_n have_v bâ—â—anni_n nâ—t_n britanni_n pliny_n reckon_v the_o britanni_n or_o britain_n among_o the_o maritime_a people_n of_o gaul_n and_o place_n they_o right_o over_o against_o our_o island_n of_o britain_n near_o the_o county_n of_o bullen_n as_o also_o dionysius_n afer_n a_o more_o ancient_a writer_n have_v do_v in_o these_o verse_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
equal_a boldness_n and_o bravery_n either_o in_o engagement_n or_o expose_v themselves_o to_o danger_n as_o we_o find_v by_o strabo_n tacitus_n dion_n herodian_a and_o other_o in_o their_o manner_n say_v strabo_n the_o britain_n be_v something_o like_o the_o gaul_n and_o immediate_o he_o add_v as_o to_o their_o fight_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n fierce_a and_o cruel_a like_o some_o of_o the_o gaul_n with_o he_o tacitus_n agree_v the_o britain_n that_o part_n of_o they_o which_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o yet_o conquer_v still_o remain_v say_v he_o just_o such_o as_o the_o gaul_n be_v former_o and_o in_o another_o place_n the_o britain_n be_v next_o to_o the_o gaul_n and_o much_o like_o they_o mela_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o britain_n when_o they_o fight_v be_v arm_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o gaul_n the_o britain_n say_v strabo_n in_o their_o war_n use_v a_o great_a number_n of_o chariot_n as_o do_v some_o of_o the_o gaul_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o both_o nation_n in_o the_o field_n to_o draw_v up_o their_o man_n distinct_a according_a to_o their_o province_n that_o the_o several_a people_n may_v have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o signalise_v their_o valour_n that_o this_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o gaul_n appear_v by_o that_o place_n in_o caesar_n the_o gaul_n say_v he_o draw_v up_o in_o distinct_a body_n according_a to_o their_o several_a city_n guard_v the_o ford_n tacitus_n affirm_v the_o same_o of_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o fight_n of_o caratacus_n the_o troop_n of_o the_o several_a country_n stand_v in_o the_o front_n of_o their_o fortification_n the_o gaul_n say_v strabo_n be_v of_o a_o quick_a docile_a wit_n and_o ready_o take_v any_o sort_n of_o learning_n nor_o be_v the_o britain_n herein_o inferior_a nay_o agricola_n in_o tacitus_n prefer_v their_o part_n and_o ingenuity_n before_o that_o of_o the_o gaul_n so_o that_o the_o same_o britain_n who_o former_o reject_v even_o the_o roman_a language_n be_v now_o grow_v ambitious_a of_o eloquence_n that_o the_o gaul_n be_v a_o well-meaning_a and_o a_o downright_a honest_a sort_n of_o people_n we_o have_v strabo_n authority_n and_o the_o same_o be_v imply_v in_o tacitus_n concern_v the_o britain_n in_o that_o place_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o cheerful_o and_o ready_o bear_v the_o levy_n both_o of_o man_n and_o money_n and_o all_o other_o burden_n impose_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o empire_n if_o they_o intermix_v not_o injurious_a provocation_n caesar_n relate_v that_o the_o gaul_n be_v much_o incline_v to_o alteration_n in_o their_o government_n out_o of_o a_o natural_a inconstancy_n and_o levity_n the_o britain_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v tacitus_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a party_n and_o faction_n by_o mean_n of_o this_o levity_n of_o the_o gaul_n which_o caesar_n call_v by_o the_o gentle_a name_n of_o a_o infirmity_n they_o at_o last_o become_v so_o credulous_a that_o the_o credulity_n of_o the_o gaul_n grow_v proverbial_a and_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o of_o the_o poet_n et_fw-la tumidus_fw-la galla_n credulitate_fw-la fruar_fw-la and_o be_v a_o gaul_n in_o fond_a credulity_n neither_o in_o that_o respect_n have_v our_o britain_n degenerate_v for_o they_o have_v a_o ear_n still_o open_a to_o every_o idle_a story_n and_o out_o of_o a_o superstitious_a fear_n or_o hope_n give_v credit_n to_o any_o of_o the_o silly_a prediction_n we_o read_v in_o strabo_n that_o the_o gaul_n will_v be_v high_o concern_v when_o they_o see_v any_o abuse_n offer_v to_o their_o relation_n that_o the_o same_o sympathy_n dwell_v in_o our_o britain_n above_o what_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o nation_n be_v a_o thing_n so_o notorious_a and_o so_o common_o observe_v as_o that_o it_o need_v no_o proof_n the_o gaul_n as_o we_o find_v in_o caesar_n according_a to_o their_o distinction_n from_o the_o rest_n either_o in_o birth_n or_o riches_n have_v in_o proportion_n so_o many_o more_o servant_n and_o dependent_n in_o their_o retinue_n these_o they_o call_v ambacti_n ambacti_fw-la ambacti_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a piece_n of_o state_n among_o they_o nor_o do_v our_o british_a nobility_n or_o gentry_n welch_n welch_n at_o this_o day_n account_v any_o thing_n so_o honourable_a as_o a_o great_a retinue_n from_o who_o it_o be_v think_v the_o english_a learn_v to_o carry_v with_o they_o such_o troop_n of_o attendant_n in_o which_o humour_n not_o long_o since_o they_o far_o outgo_v all_o other_o european_n caesar_n and_o strabo_n do_v both_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o house_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o wood_n and_o in_o all_o point_n like_v to_o those_o of_o the_o gaul_n the_o gaul_n as_o strabo_n write_v wear_v chain_n of_o gold_n about_o their_o neck_n and_o bunduica_n the_o british_a queen_n say_v xiphilin_n wear_v a_o golden_a chain_n with_o a_o garment_n of_o many_o colour_n nor_o be_v that_o sort_n of_o ornament_n any_o where_n more_o in_o use_n in_o our_o day_n than_o in_o this_o island_n among_o we_o and_o our_o modern_a britain_n that_o both_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o gaul_n wear_v a_o ring_n upon_o their_o middle_a finger_n we_o learn_v from_o pliny_n the_o same_o strabo_n observe_v that_o the_o gaul_n take_v a_o pride_n in_o have_v long_a hair_n caesar_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o britain_n wear_a their_o hair_n at_o full_a length_n it_o appear_v by_o many_o author_n that_o the_o gaul_n use_v a_o certain_a sort_n of_o garment_n which_o in_o their_o language_n they_o call_v brachae_n bâ—achae_fw-la bâ—achae_fw-la that_o these_o be_v also_o common_a to_o our_o britain_n be_v prove_v by_o this_o verse_n of_o martial_a quam_fw-la veteres_fw-la brachae_fw-la britonis_n pauperis_fw-la then_o the_o coarse_a brachae_n the_o poor_a britain_n wear_v i_o pass_v over_o what_o silius_n italicus_n write_v of_o the_o gaul_n quinetiam_fw-la ingenio_fw-la fluxi_fw-la sed_fw-la prima_fw-la feroces_fw-la vaniloquum_fw-la celtae_n genus_fw-la ac_fw-la mutabile_fw-la mentis_fw-la and_o talk_v celtae_n changeable_a and_o vain_a all_o fire_n at_o first_o but_o soon_o grow_v cold_a again_o because_o these_o quality_n be_v common_a to_o most_o nation_n i_o may_v here_o give_v many_o more_o particular_a instance_n of_o the_o greet_v agreement_n there_o be_v between_o these_o two_o nation_n but_o i_o forbear_v lest_o what_o i_o say_v shall_v give_v occasion_n of_o scandal_n to_o some_o ill-natured_a man_n beside_o i_o always_o like_v that_o rule_n moderation_n be_v good_a in_o every_o thing_n and_o perhaps_o also_o this_o argument_n from_o community_n of_o manner_n will_v not_o appear_v very_o cogent_a to_o some_o sort_n of_o man_n but_o now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o country_n the_o a_o late_a author_n who_o fetch_v the_o original_a of_o the_o britain_n from_o the_o phaenician_o though_o he_o can_v deny_v the_o affinity_n of_o the_o gaulish_a and_o british_n prove_v in_o so_o many_o instance_n by_o mr._n camden_n yet_o he_o endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v that_o to_o his_o own_o conjecture_n by_o say_v 1._o that_o the_o commerce_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n intimate_v by_o caesar_n and_o other_o writer_n and_o that_o of_o the_o phaenician_o with_o they_o both_o may_v easy_o cause_v such_o a_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o word_n and_o to_o enforce_v this_o he_o prove_v 2._o that_o those_o very_a word_n bring_v by_o mr._n camden_n to_o justify_v our_o relation_n with_o gaul_n be_v all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o find_v in_o the_o phaenician_a language_n see_v samms_n brit._n pag._n 61._o etc._n etc._n what_o he_o conclude_v upon_o the_o whole_a will_n i_o believe_v upon_o a_o fair_a comparison_n appear_v not_o improbable_a to_o any_o impartial_a reader_n so_o that_o it_o clear_o appear_v that_o those_o word_n in_o which_o the_o ancient_a britain_n and_o gaul_n do_v agree_v proceed_v not_o from_o their_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o people_n but_o be_v introduce_v by_o foreigner_n who_o trade_v to_o both_o country_n language_n language_n language_n a_o particular_a upon_o which_o lie_v the_o main_a stress_n of_o this_o controversy_n as_o be_v the_o sure_a evidence_n of_o the_o original_n of_o a_o nation_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n i_o suppose_v but_o will_v ready_o allow_v that_o those_o people_n which_o speak_v the_o same_o language_n must_v necessary_o be_v derive_v from_o one_o common_a original_n as_o for_o instance_n suppose_v all_o our_o history_n that_o ever_o be_v write_v have_v chance_v to_o be_v lose_v or_o suppose_v no_o author_n have_v ever_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o english_a be_v descend_v from_o the_o german_n the_o natural_a scot_n from_o the_o irish_a the_o britain_n of_o bretagne_n in_o france_n from_o our_o britain_n of_o this_o island_n yet_o the_o great_a affinity_n of_o language_n will_v alone_o manifest_o prove_v it_o nay_o will_v be_v of_o much_o more_o weight_n than_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o best_a historian_n if_o therefore_o i_o
the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o island_n or_o those_o mole_n mirificae_fw-la mention_v by_o cicero_n upâ—n_o the_o sea_n coast_n albina_n one_o of_o the_o thirty_o daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n a_o king_n of_o syria_n who_o upon_o their_o wedding-night_n kill_v all_o their_o husband_n and_o then_o come_v over_o hither_o in_o a_o vessel_n without_o sail_n or_o oar_n be_v the_o first_o that_o take_v possession_n of_o this_o island_n where_o a_o sort_n of_o carnal_a spirit_n get_v they_o with_o child_n and_o thence_o issue_v that_o race_n of_o giant_n hither_o giant_n this_o be_v fetch_v out_o of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o st._n alban_n but_o our_o author_n seem_v here_o to_o confound_v two_o fabulous_a opinion_n into_o one_o make_v this_o albina_n at_o the_o same_o time_n daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n and_o one_o of_o the_o danaides_n daughter_n of_o danaus_n for_o they_o it_o be_v who_o aâ—e_v say_v to_o have_v kill_v their_o husband_n and_o come_v over_o hither_o nor_o need_v i_o much_o busy_a myself_o to_o inquire_v wherefore_o in_o that_o old_a parodia_n against_o ventidius_n bassus_n it_o be_v call_v caeruli_n call_v insula_fw-la caeruli_n insula_n caeruli_n consider_v that_o the_o sea_n lie_v round_o it_o which_o the_o poet_n style_n caerulus_fw-la and_o caerulum_fw-la so_o claudian_n of_o this_o britain_n cujus_fw-la vestigia_fw-la verrit_fw-la caerulus_fw-la who_o step_n the_o azure_a sea_n sweep_v with_o his_o tide_n i_o omit_v that_o it_o be_v by_o aristides_n call_v the_o great_a and_o the_o far_a island_n that_o it_o be_v also_o call_v romania_n romania_n romania_n seem_v to_o be_v insinuate_v by_o those_o passage_n in_o gildas_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o island_n be_v so_o absolute_o bring_v under_o the_o roman_a power_n that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_a slavery_n stick_v to_o the_o very_a soil_n and_o a_o little_a after_o so_o that_o it_o may_v now_o be_v account_v romania_n rather_o than_o britannia_n and_o within_o a_o page_n or_o two_o a_o island_n bear_v the_o roman_a name_n but_o which_o do_v not_o observe_v the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n nay_o prosper_v aquitanus_n express_o call_v it_o the_o roman_a island_n hither_o also_o may_v be_v refer_v that_o prediction_n of_o the_o aruspices_fw-la or_o soothsayer_n when_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o statue_n of_o tacitus_n and_o florianus_n the_o emperor_n be_v throw_v down_o with_o thunder_n viz._n that_o out_o of_o their_o family_n shall_v arise_v a_o emperor_n who_o among_o other_o great_a action_n shall_v send_v precedent_n over_o taprobane_n and_o shall_v send_v a_o proconsul_n into_o the_o roman_a island_n fâ—ortano_n vopiscus_n in_o fâ—ortano_n which_o all_o the_o learned_a understand_v of_o our_o britain_n though_o it_o be_v a_o province_n presidial_a and_o never_o proconsular_a as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o show_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o call_v samâ—thea_n samothea_n samothea_n from_o samothe_n japhet_n six_o son_n i_o can_v help_v it_o if_o some_o will_v still_o believe_v i_o know_v very_o well_o whence_o all_o that_o be_v borrow_a to_o wit_n out_o of_o annius_n viterbiensis_n who_o like_o a_o cheat_n put_v specious_a title_n upon_o bad_a ware_n have_v impose_v upon_o the_o over-credulous_a his_o own_o forgery_n under_o the_o name_n of_o berosus_n but_o now_o as_o to_o the_o name_n and_o original_n of_o britain_n the_o various_a opinion_n concern_v it_o have_v make_v it_o a_o very_a dubious_a point_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o will_v apply_v myself_o to_o our_o britain_n for_o leave_n to_o interpose_v my_o judgement_n among_o the_o rest_n that_o they_o will_v put_v a_o favourable_a construction_n upon_o what_o i_o do_v that_o as_o they_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o truth_n so_o they_o will_v pardon_v those_o that_o search_n into_o it_o and_o allow_v i_o the_o same_o liberty_n as_o eliot_n leland_n llwyd_n and_o other_o have_v take_v for_o if_o humphrey_n llwyd_v a_o most_o learned_a britain_n be_v not_o blame_v but_o rather_o commend_v for_o produce_v a_o new_a etymology_n of_o britain_n different_a from_o that_o common_a one_o of_o brutus_n without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o story_n i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v no_o crime_n in_o i_o who_o here_o meddle_v not_o with_o the_o history_n of_o brutus_n to_o make_v a_o short_a inquiry_n after_o another_o original_n and_o where_o can_v i_o so_o proper_o search_v after_o it_o as_o in_o our_o british_a language_n which_o as_o it_o be_v pure_a and_o unmixed_a so_o extreme_o ancient_a and_o on_o this_o double_a account_n we_o may_v promise_v ourselves_o considerable_a assistance_n from_o it_o for_o ancient_a language_n be_v high_o serviceable_a to_o the_o find_v out_o the_o first_o original_n of_o thing_n and_o plato_n in_o his_o cratylus_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o primitive_a name_n of_o thing_n long_o since_o wear_v out_o of_o use_n be_v yet_o still_o preserve_v in_o the_o barbarous_a tongue_n as_o the_o most_o ancient_a now_o though_o those_o matter_n be_v so_o very_o obscure_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a antiquity_n that_o we_o rather_o earnest_o wish_v for_o the_o truth_n than_o have_v any_o reasonable_a hope_n to_o discover_v it_o yet_o i_o shall_v do_v my_o utmost_a to_o clear_v it_o up_o and_o shall_v brief_o propound_v my_o own_o judgement_n not_o magisterial_o impose_v it_o upon_o any_o man_n but_o still_o incline_v to_o admit_v with_o the_o hige_a satisfaction_n any_o more_o probable_a opinion_n for_o i_o love_v a_o truth_n of_o another_o discovery_n altogether_o as_o well_o as_o my_o own_o and_o equal_o embrace_v it_o wheresoever_o i_o find_v it_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o will_v take_v it_o for_o grant_v with_o the_o reader_n be_v leave_n that_o all_o ancient_a nation_n have_v their_o own_o proper_a name_n from_o the_o beginning_n and_o that_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n afterward_o frame_v name_n for_o evety_n country_n out_o of_o those_o of_o the_o people_n with_o variation_n enough_o to_o accommodate_v they_o to_o their_o own_o dialect_n or_o to_o explain_v myself_o far_o that_o the_o people_n be_v know_v and_o distinguish_v by_o their_o name_n before_o the_o region_n and_o country_n which_o they_o inhabit_v and_o that_o the_o country_n be_v afterward_o denominate_v from_o the_o people_n who_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o name_n of_o the_o jew_n the_o mede_n the_o persian_n scythian_n almain_n gaul_n gâ—tulians_n saxon_n english_a scot_n etc._n etc._n be_v extant_a before_o those_o of_o judaea_n media_n persia_n scythia_n almain_n gaul_n getulia_n saxony_n england_n scotland_n etc._n etc._n nor_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o evident_a than_o that_o these_o last_o be_v coin_v out_o of_o the_o former_a we_o find_v that_o from_o the_o samnite_n the_o insubres_n and_o belgae_n livy_n and_o caesar_n be_v the_o first_o that_o call_v the_o country_n themselves_o samnitium_fw-la insubrium_fw-la and_o belgium_n from_o the_o frank_n in_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o coin_n of_o that_o emperor_n the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v seat_v first_o take_v the_o name_n of_o francia_n or_o france_n and_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n be_v the_o first_o that_o frame_v the_o name_n of_o burgundy_n now_o we_o have_v all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n to_o believe_v that_o just_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o inhabitant_n or_o else_o the_o gaul_n their_o next_o neighbour_n first_o give_v this_o island_n the_o name_n of_o britain_n for_o several_a thing_n make_v it_o probable_a that_o these_o native_n be_v call_v brit_n brit._n brit._n or_o birth_n in_o the_o old_a barbarous_a language_n especial_o that_o verse_n which_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o sibyl_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o british_a tribe_n and_o wealthy_a gaul_n shall_v hear_v the_o purple_a wave_n come_v roll_v from_o afar_o while_o tide_n of_o blood_n the_o wonder_a pilot_n fear_v next_o the_o authority_n of_o martial_a juvenal_n and_o ausonius_n this_o island_n also_o be_v by_o procopius_n call_v britia_n and_o the_o ancient_a inscription_n set_v up_o by_o the_o britain_n aequorâ—â—_n britain_n see_v virgil_n catalect_n and_o scaliger_n upon_o the_o place_n for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v we_o find_v in_o the_o coin_n of_o antoninus_n pius_n britain_n represent_v by_o a_o woman_n sometime_o sit_v upon_o a_o rock_n sometime_o upon_o a_o sort_n of_o a_o globe_n in_o the_o ocean_n and_o prosper_v the_o rhetorician_n call_v the_o britain_n aequorâ—â—_n themselves_o in_o which_o we_o read_v brito_n britones_n brittus_fw-la coh_fw-la briton_n ordinis_fw-la britton_n and_o at_o rome_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n maria_n rotunda_n natione_fw-la britto_n this_o inscription_n also_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o amerbach_n in_o germany_n which_o i_o will_v here_o insert_v because_o it_o mention_n triputium_fw-la some_o place_n in_o britain_n but_o not_o know_v nymphiso_n no_o britton_o triputieno_fw-la sub_fw-la cura_fw-la more_n vlpi_n
octogonus_fw-la fons_fw-la est_fw-la munere_fw-la dignus_fw-la eo_fw-la hoc_fw-la numero_fw-la decuit_fw-la sacri_fw-la baptismatis_fw-la aulam_fw-la surgere_fw-la quo_fw-la populo_fw-la vera_fw-la salus_fw-la rediit_fw-la i.e._n the_o font_n be_v a_o octogon_n a_o figure_n or_o number_n worthy_a of_o that_o function_n it_o behove_v the_o place_n or_o court_n of_o holy_a baptism_n to_o be_v raise_v in_o this_o number_n by_o which_o true_a salvation_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o people_n and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a observation_n that_o as_o six_o be_v the_o number_n of_o antichrist_n so_o eight_o of_o true_a christianity_n the_o fourteen_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o wolf_n and_o boar_n 2_o fierce_a beast_n join_v together_o and_o the_o head_n of_o a_o town_n or_o city_n vano_fw-la civit._fw-la mr._n speed_n apply_v it_o to_o venutius_n a_o valiant_a king_n of_o the_o brigantes_n marry_v to_o cartismandua_n who_o betray_v the_o noble_a and_o gallant_a caractacus_n in_o the_o fifteen_o one_o letter_n seem_v to_o be_v misplace_v durnacum_n be_v the_o city_n tournay_n and_o the_o head_n be_v as_o they_o usual_o decipher_v city_n the_o sixteenth_o with_o a_o woman_n head_n orceti_n if_o true_o spell_v be_v the_o name_n also_o of_o some_o city_n unknown_a to_o we_o conjecture_n upon_o the_o coin_n add_v the_o nineteenth_o be_v in_o mr._n speed_n but_o the_o letter_n ill_o wrought_v and_o place_v he_o read_v it_o casibelan_n the_o first_o general_n of_o the_o britain_n against_o the_o roman_n his_o country_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v north_n of_o the_o thames_n and_o to_o have_v comprehend_v part_n of_o hartford_n and_o buckingham_n shire_n yet_o he_o conquer_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o imanuentius_n who_o he_o slay_v and_o who_o son_n mandubratius_n flee_v to_o caesar_n in_o france_n and_o bring_v he_o hither_o see_v more_o of_o he_o in_o tab._n 11_o co._n 4._o the_o twenty_o be_v of_o cunobeline_n son_n of_o theomantius_fw-la nephew_n to_o casibelan_n by_o the_o british_a writer_n call_v kymboline_n the_o head_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o woman_n on_o the_o reverse_n a_o sphinx_n a_o figure_n so_o acceptable_a to_o augustus_n that_o he_o engrave_v it_o upon_o his_o seal_n wherefore_o it_o may_v be_v it_o be_v place_v upon_o this_o coin_n to_o please_v the_o emperor_n a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a friend_n to_o cunobeline_n who_o be_v declare_v a_o friend_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v live_v many_o year_n in_o rome_n in_o the_o twenty_o three_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o a_o city_n inscription_n vanit_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o vanoc_n co._n 8._o the_o twenty_o four_o seem_v not_o the_o head_n of_o a_o person_n but_o of_o a_o place_n probable_o camalodunum_n when_o christian_n the_o twenty_o five_o arivogius_n be_v both_z by_z speed_z and_z archbishop_z usher_n think_v to_o be_v arviragus_z of_o who_o more_o co._n 27._o ononus_n i_o understand_v not_o the_o twenty_o six_o be_v probable_o of_o cartismandua_n q._n of_o the_o brigantes_n whereof_o caledonia_n be_v one_o part_n a_o woman_n infamous_a for_o betray_v the_o warlike_a caractacus_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o for_o abuse_v her_o valiant_a husband_n venutius_n the_o twenty_o seven_o a_o crown_a head_n with_o many_o string_n of_o pearl_n about_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v arviragus_z i_o wish_v there_o be_v more_o than_o bare_a conjecture_n for_o it_o for_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o arviragus_n be_v a_o christian_a as_o this_o coin_n declare_v there_o be_v a_o cross_n and_o a_o string_n of_o pearl_n about_o it_o a_o ordinary_a ornament_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o the_o first_o peaceable_a time_n of_o the_o church_n harding_n i_o think_v be_v the_o only_a author_n who_o affirm_v he_o a_o christian_a but_o it_o be_v general_o say_v erga_fw-la religionem_fw-la christianam_fw-la bene_fw-la affectus_fw-la vit._n basin_n and_o that_o he_o give_v to_o the_o first_o preacher_n of_o glastenbury_n so_o many_o hide_v of_o land_n as_o help_v much_o to_o maintain_v they_o and_o gildas_n say_v that_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v bring_v into_o britain_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o tiberius_n time_n he_o live_v in_o great_a reputation_n in_o domitian_n time_n who_o flatterer_n upon_o some_o prodigy_n appear_v foretell_v he_o of_o some_o great_a good_a fortune_n to_o he_o as_o that_o arviragus_n shall_v be_v throw_v down_o from_o his_o chariot_n the_o twenty_o nine_o dr._n plot_n who_o have_v publish_v these_o three_o think_v to_o be_v prasutagus_n and_o boadicia_n but_o i_o see_v no_o resemblance_n of_o one_o or_o more_o face_n i_o rather_o imagine_v it_o to_o be_v some_o fortification_n the_o one_o and_o thirty_o be_v put_v into_o my_o hand_n as_o belong_v to_o york_n in_o antoninus_n and_o ancient_a author_n write_v eburacum_n but_o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o gallic_a coin_n and_o to_o signify_v either_o the_o eburovices_n or_o rather_o eburones_n which_o be_v inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n of_o liege_n the_o head_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o city_n rather_o than_o as_o bouterove_v think_v of_o ambiorix_n cotivulcus_n or_o some_o other_o of_o their_o prince_n the_o three_o and_o thirty_o be_v also_o to_o design_n some_o city_n or_o country_n it_o may_v be_v of_o the_o auscii_fw-la now_o ausch_n in_o gascon_a or_o some_o other_o unknown_a it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o stamp_v the_o arm_a head_n of_o a_o young_a woman_n probable_o rome_n a_o notable_a virago_n who_o give_v name_n to_o the_o city_n with_o the_o word_n roma_n on_o one_o side_n of_o their_o coin_n other_o city_n and_o country_n place_v also_o the_o head_n yet_o not_o always_o helmete_v but_o common_o in_o the_o dress_n of_o the_o place_n where_o coin_v british_a coin_n tab_n ii_o that_o the_o first_o be_v of_o some_o british_a prince_n in_o esteem_n for_o a_o holy_a man_n i_o collect_v from_o the_o pearl_n about_o his_o head_n set_v in_o the_o ancient_a form_n of_o a_o glory_n as_o also_o by_o the_o hand_n under_o the_o horse_n for_o the_o reverse_n many_o of_o these_o british_a coin_n be_v adorn_v with_o pearl_n i_o conceive_v the_o reason_n to_o be_v the_o plenty_n of_o they_o in_o this_o country_n so_o great_a that_o julius_n caesar_n be_v say_v to_o have_v undertake_v his_o expedition_n for_o obtain_v they_o and_o that_o at_o his_o return_n he_o dedicate_v a_o shield_n cover_v with_o british_a pearl_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n in_o some_o coin_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a of_o arcadius_n eudoxia_n and_o other_o in_o gretzer_n l._n 1._o c._n 15_o 16_o be_v a_o hand_n signify_v some_o favourable_a action_n of_o providence_n towards_o they_o as_o reach_v to_o take_v constantine_n into_o heaven_n crown_v arcadius_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o it_o may_v intimate_v the_o sustain_n of_o his_o cavalry_n this_o be_v only_a conjecture_n since_o we_o know_v not_o the_o person_n the_o second_o and_o three_o by_o their_o rugged_a and_o unhandsome_a look_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v some_o of_o the_o ancient_a british_a prince_n but_o the_o letter_n be_v wear_v out_o forbid_v we_o to_o guess_v who_o they_o be_v the_o four_o be_v cassivelaunus_n other_o name_v he_o cassibelinus_n or_o velanus_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o cassii_n a_o people_n not_o far_o from_o the_o trinobantes_n part_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o his_o brother_n immanuentius_n who_o he_o slay_v and_o depose_v his_o son_n mandubratius_n who_o thereupon_o flee_v to_o caesar_n and_o be_v restore_v by_o he_o to_o his_o just_a dominion_n but_o this_o action_n cause_v mandubratius_n to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o enemy_n and_o traitor_n to_o his_o country_n and_o so_o hate_v that_o he_o accompany_v caesar_n in_o all_o his_o war_n and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n or_o nephew_n cunobeline_n his_o son_n live_v in_o rome_n with_o the_o favour_n of_o augustus_n and_o the_o senate_n who_o declare_v he_o a_o friend_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o be_v plain_o intimate_v in_o that_o speech_n of_o the_o generous_a prince_n caractacus_n from_o these_o transaction_n we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o the_o roman_n by_o this_o submission_n and_o request_n of_o manubratius_n have_v a_o just_a cause_n of_o war_n against_o cassibelinus_n and_o consequent_o against_o all_o the_o britain_n who_o choose_v he_o their_o general_n 2._o that_o this_o conquest_n be_v exceed_o beneficial_a to_o the_o nation_n and_o country_n which_o by_o the_o roman_n acquire_v civility_n if_o not_o humanity_n also_o and_o prudent_a government_n good_a husbandry_n too_o and_o improvement_n of_o wealth_n and_o trade_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o thereby_o prepare_v they_o for_o receive_v the_o gospel_n 3._o that_o the_o britain_n quick_o apprehend_v these_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n and_o therefore_o more_o ready_o embrace_v and_o
concern_v his_o resign_v the_o kingdom_n and_o go_v to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o bavaria_n and_o be_v martyr_v near_o coire_n in_o the_o grison_n country_n then_o call_v rhaetia_n the_o thirty_o second_v also_o be_v out_o of_o mounseur_fw-fr bouterove_n who_o rational_o think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o boadicia_n wife_n to_o prasutagus_n king_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n etc._n etc._n a_o woman_n of_o prodigious_a wit_n and_o courage_n gildas_n call_v her_o leaenam_fw-la dolosam_fw-la the_o crafty_a or_o deceitful_a lionness_n she_o slay_v 80000_o of_o the_o roman_n destroy_v their_o chief_a city_n and_o colony_n cumalodunum_n verulamium_n also_o and_o some_o say_v london_n she_o slay_v the_o nine_o legion_n but_o be_v overcome_v by_o paulinus_n she_o either_o die_v for_o grief_n as_o some_o say_v or_o by_o poison_n as_o other_o the_o thirty_o third_n be_v easy_o intelligible_a the_o reverse_n of_o the_o thirty_o five_o seem_n to_o be_v a_o tabernacle_n or_o some_o such_o holy_a vessel_n stand_v upon_o a_o foot_n and_o have_v a_o cross_n upon_o the_o top_n i_o understand_v it_o not_o nor_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v all_o ancient_a runic_a character_n nor_o do_v it_o appear_v whether_o they_o belong_v to_o this_o country_n or_o to_o spain_n the_o runic_a character_n ancient_o be_v the_o write_n of_o the_o visi_fw-la or_o western_a goth_n who_o live_v in_o denmark_n norway_n jutland_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o ostro_fw-la or_o eastern_a goth_n of_o sweden_n and_o those_o country_n swarm_v and_o conquer_v eastward_o in_o and_o towards_o asia_n who_o though_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v have_v the_o same_o language_n with_o the_o visigoth_n yet_o have_v a_o different_a character_n frame_v as_o it_o seem_v from_o the_o greek_a some_o say_v by_o ulphilas_n their_o bishop_n near_o or_o upon_o the_o black-sea_n and_o it_o be_v still_o preserve_v in_o the_o copy_n of_o the_o gospel_n translate_v into_o that_o language_n by_o he_o and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n still_o extant_a in_o that_o they_o call_v the_o codex_fw-la argenteus_n be_v whole_o write_v in_o silver_n letter_n reserve_v with_o great_a and_o deserve_a veneration_n in_o sweden_n but_o transcribe_v and_o print_v by_o the_o very_a worthy_a and_o learned_a person_n mr._n franc._n junius_n the_o young_a but_o the_o visigoth_n seem_v to_o be_v those_o who_o come_v westward_o who_o conquer_v part_n of_o italy_n and_o of_o france_n all_o spain_n and_o part_n of_o africa_n where_o they_o reign_v in_o great_a splendour_n many_o year_n till_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o moor_n they_o also_o acquire_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n keep_v as_o it_o seem_v their_o ancient_a runic_a character_n and_o though_o most_o of_o the_o ancient_a runic_a coin_n i_o have_v see_v either_o in_o ant._n augustinus_n paruta_n or_o lastannoza_n book_n the_o las_fw-fr monedas_fw-la desconocidas_fw-la yet_o i_o have_v only_o set_v down_o those_o which_o be_v new_a to_o i_o and_o which_o be_v send_v by_o that_o very_a courteous_a intelligent_a and_o diligent_a antiquary_n mr._n ralph_n thoresby_n of_o leeds_n in_o yorkshire_n i_o conceive_v rather_o belong_v to_o those_o of_o northumberland_n cumberland_n etc._n etc._n tab._n iii_o nummi_fw-la romani_fw-la page_n xcviii_o tabula_fw-la iu_o nummi_fw-la romani_fw-la page_n xcviii_o ne_fw-fr vel_fw-la tantillum_fw-la paginae_fw-la vacaret_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la addere_fw-la fere_n ex_fw-la eruditissimo_fw-la bouterovio_n alphabetum_fw-la enummis_fw-la antiquis_fw-la desumplum_fw-la note_n upon_o the_o roman_a coin_n the_o first_o of_o the_o roman_n after_o julius_n caesar_n that_o resolve_v to_o subdue_v britain_n in_o earnest_n be_v claudius_n who_o ship_v over_o his_o army_n reduce_v the_o south_n part_n into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n and_o about_o that_o time_n this_o first_o piece_n of_o money_n with_o a_o abbreviate_v inscription_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v coin_v ti._n claud_fw-la caes._n aug._n p._n m._n tr._n p._n viiii_o imp._n xvi_o i.e._n tiberius_n claudius_n caesar_n augustus_n pontifex_n maximus_n tribunitia_n potestate_fw-la 9_o imperator_fw-la 16._o to_o explain_v these_o title_n once_o for_o all_o after_o julius_n caesar_n who_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o roman_a monarchy_n all_o his_o successor_n in_o honour_n of_o he_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o caesar_n or_o augustus_n as_o if_o they_o be_v above_o the_o pitch_n of_o humane_a nature_n for_o thing_n that_o be_v sacred_a we_o call_v august_n that_o also_o of_o pontifices_fw-la maximi_fw-la or_o high-priest_n because_o they_o be_v consecrate_v in_o all_o the_o kind_n of_o priesthood_n and_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o all_o religious_a ceremony_n they_o usurp_v likewise_o the_o tribunitian_a power_n but_o will_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n be_v call_v tribune_n that_o they_o may_v be_v inviolable_a for_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o authority_n if_o any_o one_o give_v they_o ill_a language_n or_o offer_v they_o any_o violence_n he_o be_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n without_o a_o hear_n as_o a_o sacrilegious_a person_n they_o renew_v this_o tribunitian_a power_n every_o year_n and_o by_o it_o compute_v the_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n at_o last_o they_o be_v call_v emperor_n because_o their_o empire_n be_v most_o large_a and_o ample_a and_o under_o that_o natâ—â—_n be_v couch_v both_o the_o power_n of_o king_n and_o dictapoâ—â—_n and_o they_o be_v style_v emperor_n as_o often_o as_o they_o do_v any_o thing_n very_o honourable_a either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o their_o general_n but_o since_o in_o the_o reverse_n of_o this_o coin_n there_o be_v a_o triumphal_a arch_n with_o a_o man_n on_o horseback_n between_o two_o trophy_n and_o the_o title_n de_fw-fr britan_n i_o shall_v imagine_v that_o in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o claudius_n for_o so_o i_o reckon_v from_o the_o tribunitian_a power_n there_o be_v two_o victory_n over_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o second_o coin_n which_o be_v also_o one_o of_o claudius_n augustus_n by_o this_o inscription_n ti._n claud_fw-la caes._n aug._n gerard_n tr._n p._n xii_o imp._n xiix_n we_o learn_v that_o in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n after_o he_o have_v be_v successful_a in_o britain_n he_o be_v salute_v emperor_n the_o eighteen_o time_n and_o the_o ploughman_n with_o a_o cow_n and_o a_o bull_n inform_v we_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o colony_n be_v place_v in_o camalodunum_n the_o roman_n say_v servius_n clad_v after_o the_o gabine_a fashion_n i.e._n with_o part_n of_o their_o gown_n cover_v their_o head_n and_o the_o other_o part_n tuck_v up_o when_o they_o have_v a_o design_n to_o build_v a_o city_n yoke_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n a_o bull_n with_o a_o cow_n on_o the_o inner_a side_n and_o in_o that_o habit_n hold_v the_o crooked_a plough-tail_n so_o as_o to_o make_v all_o the_o earth_n fall_v inward_o by_o thus_o draw_v a_o furrow_n they_o mark_v out_o the_o tract_n of_o the_o wall_n lift_v up_o the_o plough_n where_o the_o place_n of_o the_o gate_n be_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o claudius_n who_o the_o 3d_o coin_n be_v with_o greek_a character_n be_v by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n honour_v with_o the_o surname_n of_o britannicus_n to_o use_v as_o peculiar_a to_o himself_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o father_n success_n he_o it_o be_v for_o who_o seneca_n pray_v that_o he_o may_v quiet_a germany_n aperiat_fw-la germany_n aperiat_fw-la make_v a_o inroad_n into_o britain_n and_o ducat_n and_o ducat_n maintain_v his_o father_n triumph_n with_o new_a one_o of_o his_o own_o but_o what_o then_o must_v be_v the_o meaning_n of_o that_o half_a ship_n with_o a_o inscription_n to_o this_o sensâ—_n the_o metropolis_n of_o king_n etiminius_n well_o true_o who_o this_o etiminius_n shall_v be_v do_v not_o appear_v to_o i_o unless_o one_o shall_v imagine_v he_o to_o be_v that_o adiminius_fw-la cunobelin_n son_n who_o as_o suetonius_n say_v take_v protection_n under_o c._n caligula_n the_o four_o coin_n which_o be_v hadrian_n with_o this_o inscription_n hadrianus_n aug._n consul_n iii_o pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la and_o on_o the_o reverse_n exercitus_n britannicus_n or_o the_o british_a army_n represent_v by_o three_o soldier_n i_o shall_v imagine_v to_o point_v out_o the_o three_o legion_n that_o serve_v in_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 120_o for_o then_o he_o be_v three_o consul_n namely_o the_o secunda_fw-la augusta_n the_o sexta._fw-la victrix_n and_o the_o vicesima_fw-la victrix_n the_o five_o and_o six_o both_o of_o antoninus_n pius_n with_o this_o inscription_n antoninus_fw-la aug._n pius_fw-la p._n p._n tr._n p._n cos._n iii_o and_o on_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o one_o britain_n sit_v on_o the_o rock_n with_o a_o military_a ensign_n a_o spear_n and_o a_o shield_n but_o on_o that_o of_o the_o other_o the_o same_o britain_n sit_v upon_o a_o globe_n these_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v stamp_v by_o the_o british_a province_n in_o honour_n of_o antoninus_n pius_n at_o his_o
upon_o this_o very_a point_n humphrey_n lhuid_n the_o best_a of_o antiquary_n by_o the_o best_a of_o poet_n be_v quarrely_v by_o buchanan_n for_o lhuid_n have_v say_v that_o the_o name_n of_o scoti_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o author_n before_o constantine_n the_o great_a buchanan_n fly_v upon_o he_o catch_v he_o fast_o and_o with_o two_o petty_a argument_n think_v to_o dispatch_v he_o the_o one_o draw_v from_o the_o panegyrist_n and_o the_o other_o from_o his_o own_o conjecture_n because_o the_o old_a panegyrist_n say_v that_o britain_n in_o caesar_n time_n be_v infest_a by_o the_o irish_a enemy_n by_o consequence_n forsooth_o the_o scot_n at_o that_o time_n be_v plant_v in_o britain_n whereas_o no_o one_o before_o ever_o say_v so_o much_o as_o that_o those_o irish_a have_v then_o any_o settlement_n much_o less_o that_o they_o be_v scot_n the_o panegyrist_n without_o question_n after_o the_o common_a way_n of_o writer_n have_v his_o eye_n upon_o his_o own_o time_n in_o it_o and_o not_o upon_o those_o of_o caesar_n as_o for_o the_o conjecture_n it_o be_v not_o his_o own_o but_o that_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a joseph_n scaliger_n for_o in_o his_o note_n to_o propertius_n while_o by_o the_o by_o he_o restore_v that_o verse_n of_o seneca_n to_o the_o true_a read_n ille_fw-la britannos_fw-la et_fw-la caerulos_fw-la colla_n cathenis_fw-la ultra_fw-la noti_fw-la scuta_fw-la brigantes_n jussit_fw-la etc._n etc._n littora_fw-la ponti_fw-la dare_v romuleis_fw-la he_o put_v it_o scotobrigantes_n and_o forthwith_o cry_v out_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v indebt_v to_o he_o for_o the_o discovery_n of_o their_o original_n for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o sorry_a i_o can_v second_v this_o opinion_n have_v ever_o honour_v he_o upon_o many_o account_n and_o much_o admire_v his_o learning_n for_o this_o conjecture_n be_v not_o the_o product_n of_o copy_n but_o of_o his_o own_o ingenuity_n and_o part_n and_o the_o sense_n will_v bear_v either_o read_n caeruleâ—s_fw-la scuta_fw-la brigantes_n as_o all_o the_o book_n have_v it_o or_o caeruleos_fw-la cute_fw-la brigantes_n as_o the_o most_o learned_a hadr._n junius_n read_v it_o yet_o buchanan_n choose_v rather_o to_o play_v the_o fool_n with_o his_o own_o wit_n and_o that_o of_o another_o than_o to_o close_v with_o the_o common_a and_o true_a read_n cry_v up_o this_o conjecture_n to_o the_o sky_n first_o because_o author_n do_v not_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o britain_n paint_a their_o shield_n second_o that_o he_o say_v scoto-brigantes_n for_o difference_n sake_n that_o he_o may_v distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o brigantes_n of_o spain_n and_o ireland_n last_o that_o in_o this_o verse_n he_o may_v distinguish_v between_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o brigantes_n as_o different_a nation_n but_o if_o one_o may_v dispute_v this_o point_n what_o shall_v hinder_v they_o from_o paint_v their_o shield_n who_o paint_v themselves_o and_o their_o chariot_n to_o what_o end_n shall_v he_o coin_v the_o new_a word_n scoto-brigantes_n for_o distinction_n sake_n when_o he_o call_v they_o caeruleos_fw-la and_o say_v they_o be_v subdue_v by_o claudius_n do_v not_o this_o sufficient_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o other_o brigantes_n that_o observation_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o brigantes_n as_o be_v different_a nation_n do_v not_o look_v like_o a_o poet_n who_o can_v never_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o poetical_a way_n of_o express_v the_o whole_a by_o a_o part_n wherefore_o see_v these_o plea_n will_v not_o carry_v it_o i_o will_v reinforce_v buchanan_n with_o a_o supply_n from_o egesippus_fw-la who_o be_v common_o think_v very_o ancient_a for_o where_o he_o treat_v of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o say_v 15._o say_v i.e._n ireland_n lâ—b_fw-la 5._o c._n 15._o scotland_n fol._n scotland_n see_v bishop_n usher_n antiquitat_fw-la britannicarum_fw-la eccles_n p._n 329._o fol._n which_o owe_v nothing_o to_o other_o country_n dread_v they_o and_o so_o do_v saxony_n inaccessible_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o bog_n but_o hold_v this_o argument_n will_v not_o come_v up_o to_o the_o point_n for_o he_o live_v since_o constantine_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o own_o write_n nor_o do_v this_o make_v any_o more_o for_o the_o scot_n live_v in_o britain_n than_o that_o verse_n of_o sidonius_n but_o now_o cite_v yet_o a_o more_o weighty_a reason_n than_o all_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o learned_a j._n cragius_fw-la have_v start_v after_o a_o nice_a enquiry_n out_o of_o jâ—sephus_n ben_n gâ—riâ—n_n concern_v the_o destruction_n of_o jerusalem_n that_o the_o scot_n in_o a_o hebrew_n copy_n be_v express_o so_o name_v where_o munster_n in_o his_o latin_a translation_n false_o put_v the_o britain_n for_o the_o scot_n but_o i_o have_v not_o sufficient_o discover_v in_o what_o age_n this_o ben-gorion_a live_v it_o be_v plain_a he_o live_v since_o flavius_n josephus_n see_v he_o have_v make_v mention_n of_o the_o frank_n yet_o if_o i_o may_v engage_v against_o so_o many_o great_a man_n in_o this_o controversy_n as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o first_o mention_n of_o the_o scotch_a nation_n we_o meet_v with_o in_o author_n be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o aurelian_a for_o porphyry_n who_o then_o write_v against_o the_o christian_n take_v notice_n of_o they_o in_o these_o word_n as_o s._n hierom_n tell_v we_o cresipâ—er_n against_o the_o phrygians_n 〈◊〉_d cresipâ—er_n nor_o have_v britain_n a_o fruitful_a province_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o tyrant_n nor_o the_o scotch_a nation_n nor_o any_o of_o those_o barbarous_a nation_n all_o round_a to_o the_o very_a ocean_n hear_v of_o moses_n and_o the_o prophet_n at_o which_o time_n also_o or_o a_o little_a before_o antiquary_n observe_v that_o the_o name_n of_o those_o mighty_a nation_n the_o frank_n and_o almain_n be_v first_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o gallienus_n that_o of_o some_o author_n therefore_o be_v not_o ground_v upon_o sure_a authority_n that_o the_o name_n and_o kingdom_n of_o the_o scot_n flourish_v in_o britain_n many_o age_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n rather_o take_v the_o time_n of_o it_o from_o giraldus_n when_o nellus_fw-la the_o great_a reign_v in_o ireland_n the_o six_o son_n of_o muredus_n king_n of_o ulster_n possess_v the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n so_o from_o these_o a_o nation_n be_v propagate_v and_o call_v by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n scotland_n which_o inhabit_v that_o corner_n even_o to_o this_o day_n but_o that_o this_o happen_v about_o the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v to_o decay_v be_v thus_o infer_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o lagerius_n son_n of_o this_o nellus_fw-la in_o ireland_n patrick_n the_o irish_a apostle_n come_v thither_o it_o be_v then_o much_o about_o the_o year_n 430_o after_o christ_n nativity_n so_o that_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v fall_v about_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n augustus_n for_o whereas_o before_o they_o live_v after_o a_o ramble_a manner_n without_o any_o fix_a abode_n as_o ammianus_n say_v and_o have_v long_o infest_a britain_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o then_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v settle_v in_o britain_n but_o they_o will_v have_v it_o 424._o the_o lib._n â—_o p_o sâ—â—tensis_fw-la purse_n hiâ—_n return_v undeâ—_n the_o year_n 424._o that_o they_o than_o first_o return_v from_o ireland_n whither_o they_o have_v withdraw_v themselves_o when_o they_o be_v rout_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o britain_n and_o they_o take_v this_o passage_n of_o gildas_n to_o be_v mean_v of_o that_o time_n the_o irish_a robber_n return_v home_o with_o design_n to_o come_v back_o again_o short_o about_o this_o time_n reuda_n mention_v by_o bede_n be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o have_v settle_v himself_o in_o this_o island_n upon_o a_o wind_a of_o the_o river_n cluid_n northward_o either_o by_o force_n or_o love_n 1._o bede_n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o from_o this_o captain_n say_v he_o the_o dalreudini_n be_v so_o call_v to_o this_o day_n for_o in_o their_o tongue_n dal_n signify_v a_o part_n and_o from_o this_o reuda_fw-la it_o be_v as_o other_o think_v that_o we_o call_v they_o râ—dshanks_n it_o be_v think_v also_o that_o this_o simon_n breach_n who_o the_o scot_n affirm_v to_o have_v be_v the_o founder_n of_o their_o nation_n flourish_v in_o these_o time_n the_o true_a name_n of_o he_o be_v sinbrech_n that_o be_v to_o say_v freckle_a sin_n as_o we_o read_v it_o in_o fordon_n perhaps_o the_o very_a same_o brichus_n who_o about_o the_o age_n of_o s._n patrick_n with_o thuibaius_n macleius_n and_o auspacus_n scotchmen_n infest_a britain_n as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o life_n oâ—_n s._n carâ—ntocus_n but_o since_o the_o scot_n who_o live_v in_o britain_n call_v the_o country_n which_o they_o inhabit_v alban_n and_o albin_n albin_n alban_n aâ—d_a albin_n and_o the_o irish_a themselves_o allabany_n it_o will_v be_v no_o disingenuous_a inquiry_n whether_o this_o allabany_n may_v not_o have_v some_o remain_v of_o the_o old_a name_n
foot_n upon_o which_o he_o step_v back_o and_o say_v let_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o world_n know_v that_o the_o power_n of_o monarch_n be_v a_o vain_a and_o empty_a thing_n and_o that_o no_o one_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n but_o he_o who_o will_n by_o a_o eternal_a law_n the_o heaven_n earth_n and_o sea_n obey_v nor_o will_v he_o ever_o after_o suffer_v the_o crown_n to_o be_v put_v on_o his_o head_n etc._n etc._n of_o those_o river_n between_o which_o this_o town_n be_v place_v the_o western_a one_o now_o call_v test_n but_o former_o i_o think_v anton_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o forest_n of_o chute_n run_v first_o to_o andover_n andover_v andover_v in_o saxon_a andeferan_n saxon_a and_o andeferan_n andeafaran_n that_o be_v the_o ferry_n or_o passage_n of_o the_o river_n and_o where_o in_o the_o year_n annal_n year_n in_o the_o year_n 994._o according_a to_o the_o saxon_a annal_n 893._o aethelred_n k._n of_o england_n when_o the_o dane_n ravage_v all_o his_o kingdom_n that_o he_o may_v bless_v his_o harrassed_a nation_n with_o a_o safe_a and_o settle_v peace_n adopt_a anlaf_n the_o dane_n aethelâ—ed_n â—nlaf_fw-mi adâ—pted_v by_o 〈◊〉_d aethelâ—ed_n though_o this_o league_n of_o friendship_n be_v soon_o break_v for_o so_o great_a a_o respect_n and_o honour_n can_v not_o restrain_v that_o barbarous_a foreigner_n from_o his_o usual_a rapine_n i_o see_v i_o from_o thence_o it_o run_v down_o and_o receive_v from_o the_o east_n a_o brook_n pass_v by_o bullingdon_n in_o who_o parish_n be_v a_o place_n call_v tibury-hill_n and_o contain_v a_o square_a field_n by_o estimation_n 10_o acre_n ditch_v about_o in_o some_o place_n deep_a than_o other_o wherein_o have_v be_v find_v token_n of_o well_n and_o about_o which_o the_o ploughman_n have_v find_v square-stone_n and_o roman_a coin_n as_o they_o report_v for_o the_o place_n i_o have_v not_o see_v from_o hence_o this_o river_n run_v near_o whorwel_o where_o queen_n aelfrith_n build_v a_o monastery_n to_o expiate_v her_o heinous_a crime_n in_o vow_v to_o kill_v king_n edward_n her_o son-in-law_n and_o to_o atone_v for_o the_o murder_n of_o her_o former_a husband_n the_o noble_a earl_n athelwold_n who_o king_n edgar_n upon_o a_o invitation_n to_o go_v a_o hunt_n do_v here_o murder_n because_o he_o have_v put_v a_o trick_n upon_o he_o in_o his_o love-intreagues_a and_o have_v by_o ill_a art_n obtain_v from_o he_o this_o lady_n aelfrith_n who_o be_v the_o great_a beauty_n of_o her_o age_n after_o this_o the_o test_n take_v in_o another_o small_a stream_n call_v wallop_v â—allâ—p_n â—allâ—p_n or_o rather_o wellop_v that_o be_v if_o we_o interpret_v it_o from_o our_o own_o ancient_a language_n a_o little_a fountain_n on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o wallop_n knight_n who_o live_v near_o it_o hence_o the_o river_n run_v in_o search_n of_o brige_n â—ge_n â—ge_n or_o brage_n a_o ancient_a town_n by_o antoninus_n place_v 9_o mile_n from_o the_o old_a sorbiodunum_n at_o which_o distance_n between_o salisbury_n and_o winchester_n not_o far_o from_o its_o own_o bank_n it_o find_v a_o small_a country_n village_n call_v broughton_n and_o if_o the_o old_a brage_n be_v not_o at_o this_o place_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v entire_o demolish_v when_o william_n the_o conqueror_n convert_v these_o part_n into_o the_o forest_n before_o mention_v next_o rumsey_n rumsey_n rumsey_n in_o saxon_a rumseg_n where_o king_n edgar_n build_v a_o nunnery_n the_o church_n whereof_o be_v still_o stand_a be_v visit_v by_o this_o river_n vow_n river_n out_o of_o the_o which_o marry_o daughter_n to_o king_n stephen_n be_v there_o abbess_n and_o his_o only_a heir_n survive_v be_v convey_v secret_o by_o matthew_n of_o alsace_n son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o to_o he_o marry_v but_o after_o she_o have_v bear_v to_o he_o two_o daughter_n be_v enforce_v by_o sentence_n of_o the_o church_n to_o return_v hither_o again_o according_a to_o her_o vow_n which_o present_o fall_v into_o south-hampton-bay_n at_o the_o vadum_fw-la arundinis_fw-la as_o bede_n call_v it_o which_o he_o interpret_v redford_n but_o now_o from_o the_o bridge_n where_o the_o ford_n be_v instead_o of_o redford_n it_o be_v call_v redbridge_n â—dbridge_v â—dbridge_v where_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o saxon-church_n stand_v a_o monastery_n whereof_o one_o cymberth_n be_v abbot_n and_o baptise_a as_o bede_n tell_v we_o two_o young_a brother_n of_o arvandus_n petty_a king_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n just_a before_o they_o be_v to_o be_v murder_v for_o when_o cedwalla_n the_o saxon_a invade_v that_o island_n these_o two_o boy_n make_v their_o escape_n and_o hide_v themselves_o at_o a_o little_a town_n call_v ad_fw-la lapidem_fw-la till_o be_v betray_v they_o be_v kill_v at_o the_o command_n of_o cedwalla_n if_o you_o ask_v where_o this_o little_a town_n ad_fw-la lapidem_fw-la stand_v i_o shall_v guess_v that_o it_o be_v stoneham_n a_o small_a village_n next_o to_o redbridge_n as_o the_o name_n itself_o seem_v to_o prove_v very_o natural_o the_o other_o river_n which_o run_v on_o the_o east-side_n of_o southampton_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v call_v alre_a for_o a_o market_n town_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o it_o not_o far_o from_o the_o lake_n out_o of_o which_o it_o rise_v be_v now_o call_v alresford_n i.e._n the_o ford_n of_o arle_n which_o place_n to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o old_a register_n of_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n the_o religious_a k._n kinewalc_n with_o great_a devotion_n give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o christian_a sacrament_n from_o bishop_n birinus_fw-la at_o the_o begin_n of_o christianity_n in_o those_o part_n in_o the_o year_n 1220._o monastery_n a_o book_n of_o waverly_o monastery_n godfrey_n lucy_n bishop_n of_o winchester_z renew_v the_o market_n here_o and_o call_v the_o place_n new-market_n perhaps_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o old_a alresford_n that_o lie_v near_o it_o but_o this_o new_a name_n do_v not_o last_v long_o with_o the_o people_n in_o who_o power_n lie_v the_o use_n of_o word_n and_o name_n nigh_o this_o place_n lie_v tichborn_n tichborn_n tichborn_n of_o which_o i_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o mention_v that_o it_o have_v give_v name_n to_o a_o eminent_a and_o ancient_a family_n on_o the_o western_a bank_n of_o this_o river_n lie_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o the_o british_a belgae_n which_o ptolemy_n and_o antoninus_n call_v wentanus_n call_v from_o whence_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n be_v in_o our_o history_n very_o often_o call_v ventanus_fw-la and_o wentanus_n venta_n belgarum_n belgarum_fw-la venta_n belgarum_fw-la the_o britain_n to_o this_o day_n caer_n ggo_v the_o old_a saxon_n wincester_n as_o also_o winteceaster_n winceaster_n wincester_n wintancester_n the_o latin_a writer_n common_o wintonia_n and_o we_o wintchester_n wintchester_n wintchester_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o writer_n who_o pretend_v that_o this_o be_v the_o venta_n simenorum_n and_o give_v bristol_n the_o honour_n of_o be_v the_o venta_n belgarum_n but_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o people_n as_o the_o simeni_n in_o this_o island_n i_o shall_v prove_v when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o iceni_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n if_o they_o will_v confirm_v this_o their_o conjecture_n by_o seek_v any_o where_n else_o for_o the_o town_n which_o antoninus_n place_v near_o to_o this_o venta_n let_v they_o be_v as_o accurate_a as_o they_o can_v they_o will_v find_v nothing_o to_o their_o purpose_n the_o original_n of_o venta_n some_o fetch_n from_o ventus_fw-la other_o from_o vinum_fw-la and_o again_o other_o from_o wina_n a_o bishop_n litarent_fw-la bishop_n qui_fw-la bonae_fw-la menti_fw-la litarent_fw-la who_o may_v be_v ashamed_a of_o such_o trifle_a derivation_n i_o shall_v rather_o subscribe_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o our_o countryman_n leland_n who_o derive_v the_o word_n from_o the_o british_a guin_n or_o guen_n that_o be_v white_z as_o if_o it_o signify_v caer_fw-ge gwin_n the_o white_a city_n and_o why_o shall_v it_o not_o since_o from_o this_o same_o colour_n the_o old_a latin_n give_v name_n to_o the_o city_n alba_n longa_n and_o alba_n regia_n the_o greek_n to_o leuca_n leucas_n and_o other_o place_n for_o this_o venta_n as_o also_o two_o other_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n venta_n silurum_n and_o venta_n icenorum_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o soil_n of_o chalk_n and_o whitish_a clay_n this_o city_n no_o doubt_n be_v very_o famous_a in_o the_o roman_a time_n k_o for_o it_o be_v here_o the_o roman_a emperor_n seem_v to_o have_v have_v their_o sacra_fw-la their_o textrina_fw-la sva_fw-la sacra_fw-la imperial_a weaving-shop_n this_o city_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o british_a ventae_fw-la and_o lie_v near_a italy_n for_o in_o the_o notitia_fw-la there_o be_v mention_v make_v of_o a_o procurator_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o cynegium_n ventense_n or_o bentense_n
to_o sir_n hamon_n crevequer_n hamon_n the_o crevequer_n and_o by_o his_o daughter_n to_o john_n to_o sir_n john_n john_n of_o sandwich_n who_o grandchild_n juliana_n by_o his_o son_n john_n bring_v the_o same_o for_o her_o portion_n to_o john_n de_fw-fr segrave_n from_o hence_o the_o shore_n castle_n shore_n turn_v southwestward_a sandgate-castle_n build_v by_o k._n henry_n 8._o defend_v the_o coast_n and_o upon_o a_o castle-hill_n thereby_o be_v see_v relic_n of_o a_o ancient_a castle_n turn_v westward_o have_v saltwood_n near_o it_o â—â—wood_n â—â—wood_n a_o castle_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n enlarge_v by_o william_n courtney_n archbishop_n of_o that_o see_v and_o ostenhanger_n where_o bolen_n where_o sir_n edward_n poining_n and_o among_o they_o of_o thomas_n lord_n poin_v lieutenant_n of_o bolen_n edward_n baron_fw-fr poining_n famous_a for_o his_o many_o bastard_n begin_v a_o stately_a house_n pimp_n house_n but_o leave_v it_o unperfect_a when_o death_n have_v bereave_v he_o of_o his_o only_a lawful_a child_n which_o he_o have_v by_o his_o lawful_a wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o sir_n j._n scot_n his_o neighbour_n at_o scots-hall_n where_o the_o family_n of_o scot_n have_v live_v in_o worshipful_a estimation_n a_o long_a time_n as_o descend_v from_o pasheley_n and_o serjeaux_n by_o pimp_n â—â—at_a 〈◊〉_d or_o â—â—at_a at_o 4_o mile_n distance_n be_v heath_n one_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n from_o whence_o it_o have_v that_o name_n hið_n in_o saxon_a signify_v a_o port_n or_o station_n though_o at_o present_v it_o can_v hardly_o answer_v the_o name_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sand_n heap_v in_o there_o which_o have_v shut_v out_o the_o sea_n a_o great_a distance_n from_o it_o nor_o be_v it_o very_o long_o since_o it_o be_v first_o rise_n date_v it_o from_o the_o decay_n of_o west-hythe_a which_o be_v a_o little_a town_n hard_o by_o to_o the_o west_n and_o be_v a_o haven_n till_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o grandfather_n the_o sea_n draw_v off_o from_o it_o sea_n it_o so_o be_v sea-town_n subject_a to_o the_o uncertain_a vicissitude_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o both_o hythe_n and_o west-hythe_a owe_v their_o original_n to_o lime_n a_o little_a village_n adjoin_v former_o a_o most_o famous_a port_n before_o it_o be_v shut_v up_o with_o the_o sand_n that_o be_v cast_v in_o by_o the_o sea_n antoninus_n and_o the_o notitia_fw-la call_v it_o portus_n lemanis_n leâ—â—â—â—s_fw-la â—â—â—â—us_fw-la leâ—â—â—â—s_fw-la ptolemy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v a_o significative_a word_n in_o greek_a the_o librarians_n to_o supply_v a_o seem_a defect_n write_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o the_o latin_a interpreter_n have_v turn_v it_o into_o novus_n portus_n i.e._n the_o new_a haven_n whereas_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n be_v limen_n or_o leman_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n lime_n lime_n lime_n here_o the_o captain_n over_o the_o company_n of_o turnacenses_n keep_v his_o station_n under_o the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n and_o from_o hence_o to_o canterbury_n there_o be_v a_o pave_a military_a way_n stony-street_n way_n call_v stony-street_n stony-street_n stony-street_n which_o one_o may_v easy_o discern_v to_o be_v a_o work_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o be_v also_o a_o castle_n hard_a by_o call_v stutfall_n which_o include_v 10_o acre_n upon_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o wall_n make_v of_o british_a brick_n and_o flint_n be_v so_o close_o cement_v with_o a_o mortar_n of_o lime_n sand_n and_o pebble_n that_o they_o still_o bear_v up_o against_o time_n dd_v though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o port_n at_o this_o day_n yet_o it_o still_o retain_v a_o considerable_a badge_n of_o its_o ancient_a dignity_n for_o here_o at_o a_o place_n call_v shipway_n the_o warden_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n when_o he_o enter_v upon_o his_o office_n and_o here_o also_o on_o set-day_n controversy_n be_v decide_v between_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o port_n some_o have_v be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o large_a river_n do_v once_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n at_o this_o place_n because_o a_o writer_n or_o two_o have_v mention_v the_o river_n lemanus_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o lemanis_n where_o the_o danish_a fleet_n arrive_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 892._o but_o i_o fancy_v they_o be_v mistake_v in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o place_n both_o because_o here_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o river_n save_o a_o little_a one_o that_o present_o die_v and_o also_o because_o the_o archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n a_o author_n of_o great_a credit_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o this_o fleet_n arrive_v at_o the_o portus_n lemanis_n without_o ever_o a_o word_n of_o the_o river_n unless_o any_o one_o think_v as_o for_o my_o part_n i_o dare_v not_o that_o the_o river_n rother_n which_o run_v into_o the_o ocean_n below_o rhy_z have_v its_o channel_n this_o way_n and_o change_v it_o by_o little_a and_o little_a when_o that_o champain_n tract_n rumney-marsh_n rumney-marsh_n rumney-marsh_n grow_v into_o firm_a land_n for_o this_o plain_a level_n which_o from_o lemanis_n contain_v 14_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 8_o in_o breadth_n have_v 2_o town_n 19_o parish_n and_o about_o 44200_o acre_n of_o land_n that_o because_o of_o its_o fruitfulness_n be_v very_o good_a for_o fat_a cattle_n have_v by_o degree_n be_v join_v by_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o land_n upon_o which_o i_o may_v as_o well_o call_v it_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o herodotus_n have_v call_v egypt_n the_o gift_n of_o the_o river_n nile_n nannius_n peter_n nannius_n and_o a_o very_a learned_a man_n have_v style_v the_o pasture_n of_o holland_n the_o gift_n of_o the_o northwind_n and_o the_o rhine_n for_o the_o sea_n to_o make_v amends_o for_o what_o it_o have_v swallow_v up_o in_o other_o part_n of_o this_o coast_n have_v restore_v it_o here_o either_o by_o retire_v or_o by_o bring_v in_o a_o muddy_a sort_n of_o substance_n from_o time_n to_o time_n so_o that_o some_o place_n which_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o grandfather_n stand_v upon_o the_o seaside_n be_v now_o a_o mile_n or_o two_o from_o it_o how_o fruitful_a the_o soil_n be_v what_o herd_n of_o cattle_n it_o feed_v that_o be_v send_v hither_o to_o fat_a from_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o england_n and_o with_o what_o be_v they_o raise_v wall_n to_o fence_v it_o against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v thing_n one_o will_v hardly_o believe_v that_o have_v not_o narrow_o view_v they_o for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o it_o etc._n it_o certain_a law_n of_o sewer_n be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n 3._o and_o etc._n etc._n king_n edward_z 4._o make_v it_o a_o corporation_n consist_v of_o a_o bailiff_n jurate_n and_o a_o common-council_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o it_o be_v call_v mersc-Æ¿are_a i.e._n †_o marsh_n or_o fenny_a man_n palustres_fw-la man_n viri_fw-la palustres_fw-la the_o signification_n of_o which_o name_n agree_v exact_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o do_v not_o understand_v aethelwerd_v that_o ancient_a writer_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o cinulph_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n destroy_v kent_n and_o the_o country_n call_v merscwarum_a and_o in_o another_o place_n that_o herbythus_n a_o captain_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o dane_n in_o a_o place_n call_v merscwarum_a unless_o he_o mean_v this_o very_a marshy_a tract_n rumney_n or_o romeney_n and_o former_o romenal_a which_o some_o infer_v from_o the_o name_n to_o have_v be_v a_o work_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o these_o part_n and_o of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n have_v old-romney_n and_o lid_n as_o member_n of_o it_o rumney_n rumney_n which_o in_o the_o form_n abovementioned_a be_v bind_v to_o fit_v out_o five_o ship_n for_o the_o war_n 177._o see_v sussex_n under_o the_o title_n cinque_fw-fr port_n p._n 177._o it_o be_v seat_v upon_o a_o high_a hill_n of_o gravel_n and_o sand_n and_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o it_o have_v a_o pretty_a large_a haven_n that_o be_v guard_v against_o most_o wind_n before_o the_o sea_n withdraw_v itself_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o domesday-book_n have_v it_o upon_o account_n of_o their_o sea-service_n be_v exempt_a from_o all_o custom_n except_o robbery_n breach_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o foristell_n and_o about_o that_o time_n it_o be_v at_o its_o height_n for_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o 12_o ward_n it_o have_v five_o parish-church_n a_o priory_n and_o a_o hospital_n for_o the_o sick_a 1287._o an._n 1287._o but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o sea_n drive_v forward_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n overflow_v this_o tract_n and_o for_o a_o great_a way_n together_o destroy_v man_n cattle_n and_o house_n throw_v down_o promhill_n a_o little_a populous_a village_n and_o
to_o john_n backwell_n esq_n p_o in_o the_o account_n of_o the_o earl_n mr._n camden_n tell_v we_o that_o henry_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n reason_n for_o plot_v against_o richard_n 3_o be_v that_o king_n be_v detain_v from_o he_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o bohun_v but_o this_o can_v be_v the_o cause_n 168._o cause_n dudg_n bar._n t._n 1._o p._n 168._o for_o after_o that_o tyrant_n advancement_n he_o sign_v a_o bill_n for_o livery_n of_o all_o those_o land_n unto_o he_o whereunto_o he_o pretend_v a_o right_a by_o descent_n from_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohun_n sometime_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n mr._n dugdale_n have_v give_v we_o a_o abstract_n of_o it_o and_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o his_o carrriage_n be_v either_o remorse_n of_o conscience_n for_o raise_v that_o king_n to_o the_o throne_n by_o the_o barbarous_a murder_n of_o his_o nephew_n or_o else_o his_o observe_a himself_o neglect_v by_o he_o continuation_n of_o the_o duke_n after_o the_o attainder_n and_o execution_n of_o edward_n the_o title_n lie_v vacant_a till_o the_o 14_o of_o jac._n 1._o when_o george_n viscount_n villers_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o buckingham_n the_o next_o year_n marquis_n of_o buckingham_n and_o by_o a_o patent_n bear_v date_n 18_o maii_n 21_o jac._n 1._o duke_n of_o buckingham_n this_o george_n be_v kill_v by_o one_o felton_n at_o portsmouth_n aug._n 23._o an._n 1628._o be_v succeed_v by_o george_n his_o son_n who_o die_v apr._n 16._o 1687._o leave_v the_o title_n vacant_a more_o rare_a plant_n grow_v wild_a in_o buckinghamshire_n i_o have_v not_o have_v opportunity_n of_o search_v this_o county_n for_o plant_n neither_o have_v any_o singular_a local_a or_o uncommon_a species_n grow_v there_o as_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n save_v only_o sphondylium_fw-la montanum_fw-la minus_fw-la angustifolium_fw-la tenuiter_fw-la laciniatum_fw-la observe_v by_o dr._n plukenet_n near_o st._n giles_n chalfont_n in_o the_o mountainous_a meadow_n bedfordshire_n the_o county_n of_o bedford_n common_o bedfordshire_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o county_n which_o we_o observe_v before_o to_o have_v be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o cattieuchlani_n on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n it_o be_v join_v to_o cambridgshire_n and_o hertfordshire_n on_o the_o west_n to_o buckinghamshire_n on_o the_o north_n to_o northamptonshire_n and_o huntingdonshire_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o ouse_n run_v through_o it_o in_o the_o north_n part_v it_o be_v more_o fruitful_a and_o woody_a in_o the_o south_n where_o it_o be_v much_o large_a the_o soil_n be_v more_o poor_a though_o it_o make_v a_o tolerable_a return_n for_o it_o abound_v with_o barley_n which_o be_v plump_a white_a and_o strong_a in_o the_o middle_n it_o be_v something_o thick-set_a with_o wood_n but_o eastward_o be_v more_o dry_a and_o want_v wood_n the_o ouse_n at_o its_o first_o entrance_n into_o this_o county_n first_o visit_v trury_n the_o seat_n of_o baron_n mordant_n â—â—rdant_a â—â—â—oâ—s_o â—â—rdant_a which_o family_n be_v indebt_v to_o henry_n 8._o for_o this_o dignity_n for_o he_o it_o be_v that_o create_v john_n mordant_n baron_n mordant_n a_o prudent_a person_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o h._n vere_n of_o addington_n next_o it_o glide_v by_o hare-wood_n a_o little_a village_n call_v former_o hareles-wood_n where_o samson_n surname_v the_o strong_a build_v a_o nunnery_n and_o where_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1399._o a_o little_a before_o the_o break_n out_o of_o those_o commotion_n and_o civil_a war_n wherewith_o england_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n embroil_v 153._o the_o hyâ—gma_n 〈◊〉_d 153._o the_o river_n stand_v still_o and_o the_o water_n retire_v both_o way_n do_v wonderful_o leave_v a_o passage_n on_o foot_n through_o the_o channel_n for_o three_o mile_n together_o asleep_o ensue_v asleep_o they_o who_o see_v it_o take_v it_o as_o a_o plain_a presage_n of_o the_o division_n ensue_v afterward_o it_o run_v under_o odil_n or_o woodhill_n former_o wahull_n which_o have_v also_o its_o baron_n of_o wahull_n eminent_a for_o their_o ancient_a nobility_n country_n nobility_n who_o barony_n consist_v of_o 300_o knights-fee_n in_o divers_a country_n and_o a_o castle_n wahul_n castle_n which_o be_v now_o hereditary_o descend_v to_o sir_n r._n chetwood_n knight_n as_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o chetwoods_n come_v former_o to_o the_o wahul_n which_o be_v now_o come_v by_o inheritance_n to_o the_o chetwoods_n b_o from_o hence_o the_o ouse_n with_o no_o less_o wind_n than_o those_o of_o the_o meander_n itself_o be_v carry_v through_o bletnesho_n common_o bletso_n â—â—so_o â—â—so_o former_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o pateshul_n afterward_o of_o the_o beauchamp_n sho_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d st._n 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d sho_fw-mi and_o now_o of_o the_o famous_a family_n of_o st._n john_n who_o former_o by_o their_o valour_n become_v master_n of_o a_o great_a estate_n in_o wales_n glamorganshire_n wales_n in_o glamorganshire_n and_o in_o our_o age_n have_v the_o honour_n of_o baron_n confer_v upon_o they_o by_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n etc._n memory_n when_o she_o create_v sir_n oliver_n the_o second_o baron_n of_o her_o creation_n lord_n st._n john_n of_o â—letnesho_n unto_o who_o it_o come_v by_o etc._n etc._n to_o they_o it_o come_v by_o margaret_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n a_o heiress_n marry_v first_o to_o oliver_n de_fw-fr st._n john_n from_o who_o those_o baron_n be_v descend_v and_o afterward_o to_o john_n duke_n of_o somerset_n by_o who_o she_o have_v the_o famous_a margaret_n countess_n of_o richmond_n a_o woman_n who_o merit_n be_v above_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o high_a commendation_n and_o from_o who_o the_o royal_a family_n of_o england_n be_v descend_v from_o hence_o the_o ouse_n hasten_v part_n hasten_v by_o brumham_n a_o seat_n of_o the_o dives_n of_o very_o ancient_a parentage_n in_o these_o part_n to_o bedford_n bedford_n bedford_n in_o saxon_a bedanford_n the_o county-town_n and_o which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a and_o so_o cut_v it_o that_o one_o will_v imagine_v it_o two_o town_n but_o that_o it_o be_v join_v by_o a_o stone-bridge_n c_o it_o be_v more_o eminent_a for_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o its_o situation_n and_o antiquity_n than_o any_o thing_n of_o beauty_n or_o stateliness_n though_o it_o have_v indeed_o five_o church_n i_o dare_v not_o assent_v to_o those_o who_o think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o lactodorum_n of_o antoninus_n for_o neither_o be_v it_o situate_v upon_o a_o military_a way_n which_o be_v the_o sure_a guide_n in_o our_o search_n after_o station_n and_o mansion_n mention_v by_o antoninus_n nor_o be_v there_o ever_o any_o roman_a coin_n dig_v up_o here_o i_o have_v read_v that_o it_o be_v call_v in_o british_a liswider_n or_o lettidur_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o the_o english_a name_n for_o lettuy_n signify_v in_o british_a public_a inn_n and_o lettidur_n inn_n upon_o a_o 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a_o ancient_a family_n but_o now_o of_o execrable_a memory_n for_o a_o most_o cruel_a and_o horrible_a plot_n never_o parallel_v in_o any_o age_n which_o robert_n catesby_n of_o ashby_n st._n leger_n the_o dishonour_n of_o his_o family_n run_v headlong_o upon_o villainy_n gape_v after_o the_o most_o detestable_a cruelty_n and_o impious_o conspire_v the_o destruction_n of_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n late_o contrive_v under_o a_o specious_a pretext_n of_o religion_n of_o this_o let_v all_o age_n be_v silent_a and_o let_v not_o the_o mention_n of_o it_o convey_v this_o scandal_n to_o posterity_n which_o we_o ourselves_o can_v reflect_v on_o without_o horror_n nay_o the_o dumb_a and_o inanimate_a being_n seem_v to_o be_v move_v at_o the_o heinousness_n of_o such_o a_o villainous_a conspiracy_n hard_o by_o be_v fawesley_n faweâ—â—â—_n faweâ—â—â—_n where_o the_o knightleys_n have_v long_o dwell_v adorn_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n descend_v from_o the_o more_o ancient_a 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have_v begin_v a_o very_a fine_a house_n near_o which_o be_v
have_v those_o of_o this_o castle_n tell_v many_o story_n of_o david_n king_n of_o scotland_n a_o prisoner_n here_o and_o of_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n take_v by_o mean_n of_o a_o passage_n under_o ground_n and_o afterward_o hang_v for_o betray_v his_o country_n to_o the_o scot_n for_o money_n and_o for_o other_o mischief_n out_o of_o a_o extravagant_a and_o vast_a imagination_n design_v by_o he_o in_o the_o first_o court_n of_o this_o castle_n we_o still_o go_v down_o a_o great_a many_o step_n with_o candlelight_n into_o a_o vault_n underground_o and_o room_n cut_v and_o make_v out_o of_o the_o very_a stone_n in_o the_o wall_n whereof_o the_o story_n of_o christ_n passion_n and_o other_o thing_n be_v engrave_v by_o david_n the_o second_o king_n of_o scotland_n as_o they_o say_v who_o be_v keep_v prisoner_n there_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o castle_n which_o stand_v very_o high_a upon_o the_o rock_n i_o likewise_o go_v down_o many_o stair_n into_o another_o 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stanhop_n knight_n d_o who_o state_n and_o grandeur_n in_o these_o part_n be_v great_a and_o their_o name_n eminent_a mallovel_n eminent_a since_o they_o match_v with_o a_o heir_n of_o mallovel_n but_o it_o be_v former_o the_o barony_n of_o ralph_n hanselin_n by_o who_o daughter_n it_o come_v to_o the_o bardolphs_n and_o everinghams_n hence_o it_o go_v to_o stoke_n stoke_n stoke_n a_o small_a village_n but_o remarkable_a for_o no_o small_a slaughter_n 1447._o battle_n of_o stoke_n 1447._o here_o john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n who_o be_v design_v for_o the_o crown_n by_o richard_n the_o three_o when_o he_o see_v himself_o exclude_v from_o the_o throne_n by_o henry_n the_o seven_o rebellious_o fight_v for_o a_o counterfeit_a prince_n against_o his_o lawful_a king_n and_o after_o a_o stout_a defence_n be_v cut_v off_o with_o his_o whole_a party_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o etc._n hence_o be_v thurgarton_n where_o sir_n ralph_n d'eincourt_n found_v a_o priory_n and_o somewhat_o high_o southwell_n etc._n etc._n stand_v southwell_n southwell_n southwell_n a_o collegiate-church_n of_o prebendary_n dedicate_v to_o the_o virgin_n mary_n not_o very_o splendid_a i_o must_v confess_v but_o strong_a ancient_a and_o famous_a paulinus_n the_o first_o archbishop_n of_o york_n build_v it_o as_o they_o write_v after_o he_o have_v baptize_v the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n in_o the_o river_n trent_n from_o that_o time_n the_o arch-bishop_n of_o york_n have_v have_v a_o large_a palace_n here_o and_o three_o park_n adjoin_v well-stored_a with_o deer_n that_o this_o be_v that_o city_n which_o bede_n call_v tio_n vulfingace_a tio-vul-fingace_a tio-vul-fingace_a i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o relate_v of_o paulinus_n baptise_v in_o the_o trent_n near_o tio-vul-fingace_a be_v always_o say_v to_o have_v be_v do_v here_o by_o the_o private_a history_n of_o this_o church_n e_fw-la hence_o from_o the_o east_n the_o snite_n a_o small_a river_n run_v into_o the_o trent_n which_o be_v but_o shallow_a and_o wash_v langer_n lâ—nger_n lâ—nger_n famous_a for_o its_o lord_n the_o tibetot_n or_o tiptofts_n tâ—pâ—â—fâ—s_n tâ—pâ—â—fâ—s_n f_o who_o be_v afterward_o earl_n of_o worcester_n and_o wiverton_n wâ—â—â—â—tâ—â—_n wâ—â—â—â—tâ—â—_n which_o from_o heriz_n a_o famous_a man_n in_o these_o part_n former_o go_v by_o the_o brett_n and_o caltost_n to_o the_o chaworth_n who_o take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o cadurci_n in_o france_n qâ—â—â—â—_n châ—â—â—â—â—_n or_o 〈◊〉_d câ—aâ—â—â—â—_n qâ—â—â—â—_n and_o their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o lord_n de_fw-fr walchervill_n now_o the_o trent_n divide_v itself_o worth_n itself_o near_a averham_n or_o aram_n a_o ancient_a habitation_n of_o the_o sutton_n gentleman_n of_o respective_a worth_n and_o run_v under_o newark_n newaâ—k_n newaâ—k_n a_o pretty_a large_a town_n so_o call_v as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v a_o new_a work_n from_o the_o new_a castle_n very_o pleasant_a and_o curious_o build_v as_o nottinghamshire_n as_o dr._n thoroton_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o only_o repair_v it_o see_v p._n 197._o hist_o nottinghamshire_n henry_n of_o huntingdon_n describe_v it_o by_o alexander_n that_o munificent_a bishop_n of_o lincoln_n who_o to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o old_a historian_n be_v of_o a_o very_a liberal_a and_o gentile_a temper_n build_v this_o and_o another_o castle_n at_o vast_a expense_n and_o because_o building_n of_o this_o nature_n seem_v less_o agreeable_a to_o the_o character_n of_o a_o bishop_n to_o extinguish_v the_o envy_n of_o they_o and_o to_o expiate_v as_o it_o be_v for_o that_o offence_n he_o build_v a_o equal_a number_n of_o monastery_n and_o fill_v they_o with_o religious_a society_n however_o the_o extravagant_a profuseness_n of_o this_o military_a bishop_n be_v soon_o pursue_v with_o condign_a punishment_n for_o king_n stephen_n â—_o vide_fw-la p_o â—_o who_o have_v no_o better_a mean_n to_o establish_v the_o sink_a state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n than_o by_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o fortify_v place_n bring_v the_o bishop_n to_o that_o pinch_n by_o imprisonment_n and_o famine_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o deliver_v up_o into_o his_o hand_n both_o this_o castle_n and_o that_o other_o at_o sleford_n there_o be_v no_o other_o memorable_a accident_n in_o this_o place_n but_o that_o king_n john_n end_v the_o tedious_a course_n of_o a_o uneasy_a life_n here_o assistant_n here_o and_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o incorporate_v it_o of_o one_o alderman_n and_o twelve_o assistant_n g_o from_o hence_o the_o river_n unite_n again_o flow_v direct_o to_o the_o northward_a by_o many_o village_n but_o have_v nothing_o remarkable_a before_o it_o come_v to_o littleborrough_n littleborrougâ—_n littleborrougâ—_n a_o small_a town_n and_o so_o exact_o answerable_a to_o the_o name_n where_o as_o there_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o ferry_n much_o use_v so_o be_v there_o former_o that_o famous_a station_n or_o abode_n which_o antoninus_n twice_o mention_n various_o read_v in_o some_o copy_n agelocum_n and_o in_o other_o segelocum_n segelâ—cum_n agelâ—cuâ—_n or_o segelâ—cum_n former_o i_o seek_v for_o this_o place_n in_o vain_a hereabout_o but_o now_o i_o very_o believe_v i_o have_v find_v it_o both_o because_o it_o stand_v by_o the_o military_a way_n and_o also_o because_o the_o mark_n of_o a_o old_a wall_n be_v still_o discernible_a in_o the_o neighbour_a field_n where_o many_o coin_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v daily_o find_v by_o the_o ploughman_n which_o be_v call_v swine_n peny_n swâ—nes-penies_a swâ—nes-penies_a by_o the_o country_n people_n because_o they_o be_v often_o discover_v by_o the_o grub_v of_o the_o swine_n there_o they_o also_o imagine_v according_a to_o their_o poor_a sense_n of_o thing_n that_o their_o forefather_n enclose_v this_o field_n with_o a_o stone-wall_n to_o keep_v the_o water_n from_o overflow_a it_o in_o the_o winter_n h_o in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o this_o county_n call_v the_o sand_n where_o the_o erwash_n a_o small_a river_n run_v towards_o the_o trent_n we_o see_v strelley_n strelley_n strelley_n straley_n strelley_n otherwise_o call_v stradlegh_n and_o straley_n heretofore_o strellegh_n which_o have_v give_v a_o name_n and_o seat_n to_o the_o strelly_n knight_n common_o call_v sturly_a one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o famous_a family_n of_o this_o county_n more_o inward_a lie_v shirewood_n shirewooâ—_n shirewooâ—_n which_o some_o interpret_v a_o clear_a wood_n other_o a_o famous_a wood_n former_o a_o close_a shade_n with_o the_o bough_n of_o tree_n so_o entangle_v in_o one_o another_o that_o a_o single_a person_n can_v hardly_o walk_v in_o the_o path_n of_o it_o at_o present_v it_o be_v much_o thin_a yet_o it_o still_o feed_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o deer_n and_o branchy-headed_n staggs_n and_o have_v some_o town_n in_o it_o whereof_o mansfield_n mansfeld_n mansfeld_n be_v the_o chief_a a_o very_a plentiful_a market_n the_o name_n of_o which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o a_o argument_n by_o some_o germany_n some_o who_o delineate_v the_o pedigree_n
place_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o avon_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o this_o county_n which_o we_o call_v warwick_n â—arwick_a â—arwick_a the_o saxon_n sax._n saxon_n waeringwic_n chron._n sax._n warring-Æ¿ic_a ninnius_n and_o the_o britain_n caer_n guaruic_fw-la and_o caer-leon_n all_o these_o name_n since_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v mercian_n be_v john_n rous_n of_o warwick_n derive_v it_o from_o gwayr_a a_o british_a prince_n and_o matthew_n paris_n in_o vit._n offae_n from_o waremund_n father_n of_o the_o first_o offa_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n derive_v either_o from_o the_o british_a word_n guarth_n which_o signify_v praesidium_n or_o a_o fortress_n or_o from_o legion_n post_v in_o such_o place_n for_o their_o security_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n incline_v i_o to_o think_v although_o i_o be_o more_o of_o the_o sceptic_a than_o critic_n in_o matter_n of_o etymology_n that_o this_o be_v that_o very_a town_n which_o in_o britain_n by_o the_o roman_n be_v call_v praesidium_n â—â—sidium_fw-la â—â—sidium_fw-la where_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o notitia_fw-la province_n notitia_fw-la or_o abstract_a of_o province_n the_o praefect_n of_o the_o dalmatian_a horse_n by_o the_o appointment_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o britain_n be_v post_v these_o troop_n be_v levy_v in_o dalmatia_n and_o here_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o political_a prudence_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o in_o their_o province_n dispose_v and_o quart'red_a their_o foreign_a troop_n in_o garrison_n â—rrison_n â—reign_a â—ops_n in_o â—rrison_n with_o who_o and_o the_o native_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a diversity_n of_o language_n and_o humour_n there_o can_v not_o likely_o be_v any_o secret_a combination_n form_v against_o their_o government_n â—cit_fw-la â—â—s_o l._n 4._o â—cit_fw-la for_o as_o florus_n write_v nation_n not_o habituate_v to_o the_o yoke_n of_o slavery_n will_v otherwise_o be_v always_o attempt_v to_o shake_v it_o off_o whereupon_o it_o be_v that_o from_o africa_n the_o moor_n from_o spain_n the_o asturian_o and_o vettones_n from_o germany_n the_o batavian_o the_o nervii_n tungri_n and_o turnacenses_n from_o gaul_n the_o lingones_n and_o morini_n and_o from_o other_o part_n the_o dalmatian_n thracian_n alain_n etc._n etc._n be_v bring_v over_o to_o serve_v in_o britain_n as_o in_o their_o proper_a place_n we_o shall_v observe_v but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o business_n not_o one_o ought_v to_o think_v the_o britain_n derive_v the_o word_n guarth_n from_o the_o frank_n for_o if_o we_o believe_v lazius_n it_o be_v of_o hebrew_a extraction_n in_o which_o original_n most_o country_n agree_v but_o that_o this_o be_v the_o praesidium_n garrison-town_n praesidium_n that_o be_v the_o garrison-town_n the_o authority_n of_o our_o annal_n may_v convince_v we_o assure_v we_o that_o the_o roman_a legion_n have_v here_o a_o station_n and_o also_o its_o situation_n almost_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o province_n intimate_v no_o less_o for_o it_o lie_v at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o norfolk_n on_o the_o east_n and_o of_o wales_n on_o the_o west_n just_o such_o a_o situation_n as_o be_v that_o of_o praesidium_n a_o town_n of_o corsica_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o that_o island_n nor_o will_v it_o seem_v strange_a that_o the_o roman_n shall_v here_o have_v a_o fortress_n and_o military_a station_n if_o we_o consider_v its_o situation_n on_o a_o steep_a and_o rocky_a eminence_n over_o the_o river_n avon_n and_o h_o the_o way_n on_o every_o side_n lead_v up_o to_o it_o cut_v through_o the_o rock_n that_o it_o have_v be_v fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o a_o ditch_n be_v very_o manifest_a the_o castle_n be_v very_o strong_a both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n the_o seat_n heretofore_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n extend_v itself_o south-west_n i_o the_o town_n itself_o be_v adorn_v with_o fair_a building_n and_o owe_v very_o much_o of_o its_o beauty_n to_o ethelfleda_n lady_n of_o the_o mercian_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 911._o raise_v it_o out_o of_o its_o ruin_n at_o the_o norman_a invasion_n it_o be_v in_o a_o flourish_a state_n and_o have_v many_o burgess_n as_o they_o call_v they_o of_o who_o 12_o be_v by_o tenure_n to_o accompany_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o domesday-book_n he_o who_o upon_o warning_n give_v do_v not_o go_v be_v fine_v 100_o shilling_n to_o the_o king_n but_o if_o the_o king_n cross_v the_o sea_n against_o a_o enemy_n than_o they_o be_v either_o to_o send_v he_o four_o boatswain_n or_o in_o lieu_n of_o they_o four_o pound_n in_o denier_n in_o this_o barony_n the_o king_n have_v in_o demesne_n 113_o burgess_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o king_n 112._o roger_n second_o earl_n of_o warwick_n of_o the_o norman_a race_n build_v here_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o town_n the_o beautiful_a church_n of_o s._n marry_o which_o the_o beauchamp_n succeed_a earl_n adorn_v with_o their_o monument_n littleton_n monument_n but_o his_o monument_n in_o worcester_n cathedral_n where_o he_o lie_v bury_v tell_v we_o his_o name_n be_v thomas_n littleton_n more_o especial_o the_o last_o of_o the_o beauchamp_n richard_n earl_n of_o warwick_n and_o normandy_n and_o lieutenant_n general_n governor_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o france_n and_o of_o the_o durchy_n of_o normandy_n governor_n of_o normandy_n who_o die_v at_o rouen_n in_o the_o year_n 1439._o be_v with_o great_a magnificence_n and_o funeral_n pomp_n therefore_o pomp_n and_o after_o a_o sumptuous_a funeral_n solemnize_v in_o this_o church_n lie_v entomb_v in_o a_o magnificent_a tomb_n with_o this_o inscription_n pray_v devout_o for_o the_o soul_n who_o gâ—d_v assoil_v of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o worshipful_a knight_n in_o his_o day_n of_o manhood_n and_o cunning_a richard_n beauchamp_n late_a earl_n of_o warwick_n lord_n despenser_n of_o bergavenny_n and_o of_o many_o other_o great_a lordship_n who_o body_n rest_v here_o under_o this_o tomb_n in_o a_o full_a fair_a vault_n of_o stone_n set_v in_o the_o bare_a roche_n the_o which_o visit_v with_o long_a sickness_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o rouen_n therein_o decease_v full_a christianly_o the_o last_o day_n of_o april_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n gâ—d_v 1439._o he_o be_v at_o that_o time_n lieutenant_n general_n of_o france_n and_o of_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n by_o sufficient_a authority_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n the_o six_o the_o which_o body_n by_o great_a deliberation_n and_o worshipful_a conduct_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n be_v bring_v to_o warwick_n the_o four_o of_o october_n the_o year_n abovesaid_a and_o be_v lay_v with_o full_a solemn_a exequy_n in_o a_o fair_a chest_n make_v of_o stone_n in_o the_o west_n door_n of_o this_o chapel_n according_a to_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n therein_o to_o rest_v till_o this_o chapel_n by_o he_o devise_v in_o his_o life_n be_v make_v the_o which_o chapel_n found_v on_o the_o roche_n and_o all_o the_o member_n thereof_o his_o executor_n do_v full_o make_v and_o apparel_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o say_v last_o will_n and_o testament_n and_o thereafter_o by_o the_o say_a authority_n they_o do_v translate_v worshipful_o the_o say_a body_n into_o the_o vault_n aforesaid_a honour_a be_v god_n therefore_o bring_v over_o and_o inter_v here_o k_n near_a warwick_n to_o the_o north_n be_v blacklow-hill_n blacklow-hill_n blacklow-hill_n on_o which_o peter_n the_o gaversden_n the_o al._n gaversden_n gaveston_n who_o edward_n the_o second_o from_o a_o mean_a condition_n have_v raise_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o cornwall_n head_n cornwall_n guy_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n earl_n of_o warwick_n seize_v on_o he_o at_o wallingford_n as_o they_o be_v carry_v he_o prisoner_n to_o london_n bring_v he_o hither_o and_o without_o any_o process_n of_o law_n cut_v off_o his_o head_n be_v behead_v by_o the_o baron_n for_o this_o man_n puff_v up_o with_o the_o favour_n of_o his_o prince_n and_o the_o flattery_n of_o fortune_n have_v assume_v a_o excessive_a liberty_n debauch_v the_o king_n vilify_v all_o good_a man_n prey_v upon_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o and_o like_o a_o crafty_a old_a courtier_n promote_v quarrel_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o nobility_n hard_o by_o upon_o the_o avon_n stand_v guy-cliff_n guy-cliff_n guy-cliff_n call_v by_o other_o gibcliff_n the_o present_a seat_n of_o thomas_n de_fw-fr bellofago_n or_o beaufoe_n of_o the_o old_a norman_a race_n warwick_n j._n rouse_v of_o warwick_n this_o place_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o pleasure_n itself_o there_o be_v a_o shady_a grove_n crystal_n spring_v mossey_a cave_n meadow_n ever_o green_a a_o soft_a and_o murmur_a fall_n of_o water_n under_o the_o rock_n and_o to_o crown_v all_o solitude_n and_o quiet_a the_o great_a darling_n of_o the_o muse_n here_o fame_n tell_v we_o that_o guy_n of_o warwick_n warwick_n guy_n of_o warwick_n that_o celebrate_a hero_n after_o he_o have_v finish_v his_o martial_a achievement_n build_v a_o chapel_n lead_v a_o hermit_n life_n
ware_n and_o trade_n howbeit_o exceed_v much_o frequent_v for_o the_o corn-fair_a there_o hold_v this_o have_v for_o a_o near_a neighbour_n arrow_n according_a to_o the_o name_n of_o the_o river_n who_o lord_n thomas_n burdet_n for_o his_o dependence_n upon_o george_n duke_n of_o clarence_n word_n unadvised_o utter_v and_o hardly_o construe_v through_o the_o iniquity_n of_o the_o time_n lose_v his_o life_n but_o by_o his_o granddaughter_n marry_v to_o edward_n conway_n brother_n to_o sir_n hugh_n conway_n of_o wales_n a_o gracious_a favourite_n of_o k._n hen._n 7._o the_o knightly_a family_n of_o the_o conways_n have_v ever_o since_o flourish_v and_o laudable_o follow_v the_o profession_n of_o arms._n but_o from_o a_o very_a great_a town_n it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o small_a market_n though_o very_o note_v for_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n o_fw-la high_a north-east_n where_o the_o country_n be_v not_o so_o thick_o clothe_v with_o wood_n stand_v wroxhall_n wroâ—hâ—ll_n wroâ—hâ—ll_n where_o hugo_n de_fw-fr hatton_n build_v a_o little_a monastery_n or_o priory_n and_o badesley_n baddesâ—ey_n baddesâ—ey_n former_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o clinton_n now_o of_o the_o ferrars_n and_o balshall_n baâ—shaâ—l_n baâ—shaâ—l_n heretofore_o a_o preceptory_a of_o the_o templar_n which_o roger_n the_o mowbray_n give_v they_o jâ—rusâ—â—em_n register_n of_o the_o templar_n and_o of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jâ—rusâ—â—em_n who_o munificence_n to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o knights-templar_n be_v so_o extraordinary_a that_o by_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o their_o chapter_n they_o decree_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o power_n of_o pardon_v any_o brother_n who_o have_v transgress_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o order_n provide_v he_o come_v and_o acknowledge_v his_o crime_n before_o this_o their_o benefactor_n and_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n to_o who_o all_o the_o 2._o the_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o place_n the_o tenant_n can_v not_o marry_v their_o daughter_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o fraternity_n of_o templar_n or_o hospitaler_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o account_n take_v 31_o hen._n 2._o possession_n of_o the_o templar_n in_o england_n be_v assign_v for_o to_o give_v to_o profane_a use_n thing_n once_o consecrate_v to_o god_n our_o ancestor_n think_v a_o crime_n not_o to_o be_v atone_v for_o in_o testimony_n of_o their_o gratitude_n grant_v to_o john_n mowbray_n de_fw-fr axholm_n tempâ—ariâ—_n see_v the_o stat._n aâ—_n tempâ—ariâ—_n successor_n of_o the_o say_v roger_n that_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n at_o every_o of_o the_o assembly_n of_o their_o order_n shall_v be_v receive_v in_o the_o next_o degree_n of_o honour_n to_o sovereign_a prince_n more_o to_o the_o north-east_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o chase_n and_o park_n a_o confluence_n of_o little_a stream_n form_v a_o lake_n which_o be_v present_o confine_v within_o bank_n make_v a_o channel_n or_o kennel_n upon_o this_o stand_v kenelworth_n kilâ—ingworth_n kenelworth_n commâ—â—_n kilâ—ingworth_n heretofore_o vulgar_o call_v kenelworda_n and_o corrupt_o killingworth_n from_o this_o town_n a_o most_o noble_a beautiful_a and_o strong_a castle_n encompass_v with_o a_o chase_n and_o park_n take_v its_o name_n it_o be_v build_v neither_o by_o kenulphus_n nor_o kenelmus_fw-la nor_o kineglisus_n as_o some_o historian_n have_v dream_v but_o by_o geoffrey_n de_fw-fr clinton_n lord_n chamberlain_n to_o king_n henry_n 1._o and_o his_o son_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o authentic_a evidence_n after_o he_o have_v found_v there_o a_o monastery_n for_o canon_n regular_a but_o henry_n his_o prâ—nâ—â—_n his_o prâ—nâ—â—_n great_a grandchild_n want_v issue_n sell_v it_o to_o king_n hen._n 3._o who_o grant_v it_o to_o simon_n de_fw-fr montefort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n with_o eleanor_n his_o sister_n for_o her_o portion_n but_o present_o after_o this_o bond_n of_o amity_n and_o friendship_n be_v break_v and_o earl_n simon_n after_o dismal_a commotion_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o baron_n war_n sovereign_n war_n which_o he_o have_v raise_v upon_o fair_a pretext_n against_o his_o sovereign_n the_o castle_n endure_v a_o siege_n of_o six_o month_n and_o at_o last_o be_v surrender_v to_o king_n hen._n 3._o lancaster_n 3._o who_o annex_v this_o castle_n as_o a_o inheritance_n to_o edmund_n his_o son_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n who_o make_v it_o part_v of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n family_n at_o which_o time_n be_v make_v and_o publish_v the_o edict_n which_o our_o lawyer_n stile_n dictum_fw-la de_fw-fr kenelworth_n whereby_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o who_o have_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n shall_v pay_v five_o year_n value_n of_o all_o their_o land_n etc._n etc._n a_o very_a wholesome_a piece_n of_o severity_n without_o effusion_n of_o blood_n to_o check_v those_o seditious_a spirit_n so_o pernicious_a to_o the_o government_n who_o only_a hope_n be_v place_v in_o the_o distraction_n of_o the_o state_n at_o that_o time_n but_o now_o of_o late_a by_o the_o royal_a munificence_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n it_o become_v the_o seat_n of_o robert_n dudley_n earl_n of_o leicester_n who_o in_o rebuilding_n and_o adorn_v it_o spare_v no_o cost_n so_o that_o if_o you_o regard_v the_o magnificence_n of_o building_n and_o nobleness_n of_o the_o chase_n and_o park_n lie_v round_o and_o belong_v to_o it_o it_o may_v claim_v a_o second_o place_n among_o the_o stately_a castle_n of_o england_n p_o from_o hence_o that_o i_o may_v pursue_v the_o same_o course_n i_o do_v in_o my_o journey_n i_o see_v solyhill_n in_o which_o be_v nothing_o worth_a see_v beside_o the_o church_n next_o bremicham_n bromicham_n bromicham_n swarm_v with_o inhabitant_n and_o echo_v with_o the_o noise_n of_o anvil_n for_o here_o be_v great_a number_n of_o smith_n the_o low_a part_n be_v very_o watery_a the_o upper_a rise_v with_o abundance_n of_o handsome_a building_n and_o it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o least_o honour_n of_o the_o place_n that_o from_o hence_o the_o noble_a and_o warlike_a family_n of_o the_o bremicham_n etc._n bremicham_n earl_n of_o louth_n etc._n etc._n in_o ireland_n have_v both_o their_o original_n and_o name_n from_o thence_o in_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o this_o county_n northward_o lie_v sutton_n colefield_n in_o a_o foresty_n unkind_a and_o barren_a soil_n boast_v of_o its_o native_a john_n voisy_a bishop_n of_o exeter_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n 3._o raise_v up_o this_o little_a town_n then_o ruinous_a and_o decay_a and_o adorn_v it_o with_o fair_a building_n great_a privilege_n and_o a_o grammar-school_n q_o from_o hence_o go_v southward_a i_o come_v to_o colesâ—ud_n belong_v heretofore_o to_o the_o clinton_n r_o and_o neighbour_n to_o this_o be_v maxtock-castle_n which_o in_o a_o continue_a succession_n have_v for_o its_o lord_n the_o lindsey_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o wolverly_n the_o odingsell_n have_v their_o original_n from_o flanders_n and_o the_o clinton_n who_o have_v be_v very_o eminent_a in_o this_o county_n low_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o woody_a country_n be_v seat_v coventry_n so_o call_v as_o i_o conjecture_v from_o a_o convent_n for_o such_o a_o convent_n in_o our_o tongue_n we_o call_v a_o covent_n or_o covenn_n and_o frequent_o in_o our_o history_n and_o in_o the_o pontifical_a decree_n this_o be_v call_v conventria_n as_o particular_o in_o that_o godwin_n that_o this_o must_v relate_v to_o alexander_n de_fw-fr savensby_n who_o be_v consecrate_v 1224._o and_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n honorius_n 3_o he_o be_v a_o very_a learned_a man_n but_o pretend_v to_o vision_n and_o apparition_n scarce_o credible_a say_v bishop_n godwin_n either_o the_o bishop_n of_o conventry_n be_v not_o in_o his_o right_a wit_n or_o he_o seem_v wilful_o to_o have_v quit_v common_a sense_n yet_o some_o there_o be_v who_o will_v have_v the_o name_n take_v from_o a_o rivulet_n run_v through_o it_o at_o this_o day_n call_v shirburn_n and_o in_o a_o old_a charter_n of_o the_o priory_n â—â—cret_a â—conâ—_n 3._o p._n 14._o â—â—cret_a cuentford_n whencesoever_o the_o name_n be_v take_v this_o city_n some_o age_n since_o be_v enrich_v with_o the_o manufacture_n decay_v manufacture_n now_o both_o these_o trade_n be_v much_o decay_v of_o clothing_n and_o cap_n be_v the_o only_a mart-town_n of_o this_o country_n and_o of_o great_a resort_n than_o can_v be_v expect_v from_o its_o midland_n situation_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v large_a and_o neat_a fortify_v with_o very_o strong_a wall_n and_o adorn_v with_o beautiful_a building_n among_o which_o two_o church_n of_o excellent_a architecture_n stand_v near_o together_o as_o it_o be_v rival_v each_o other_o the_o one_o dedicate_v to_o the_o holy_a trinity_n the_o other_o to_o st._n michael_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o it_o of_o very_o great_a antiquity_n that_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o great_a monument_n be_v the_o religious-house_n or_o priory_n who_o ruin_n i_o see_v near_o these_o two_o church_n this_o king_n
cyperoide_v palustre_n elegans_fw-la spica_fw-la composita_fw-la asperiore_fw-la elegant_a cyperus-grass_n with_o a_o rough_a compound_n head_n in_o a_o pool_n at_o middleton_n towards_o coleshill_n gramen_fw-la cyperoide_v polystachion_n majus_fw-la spicis_fw-la teretibus_fw-la erectis_fw-la cyperoide_n angustifolium_fw-la spicis_fw-la longis_fw-la erectis_fw-la c._n b._n great_a cyperus-grass_n with_o round_a upright_a spike_n in_o several_a pool_n about_o middleton_n lunaria_n minor_fw-la ger._n park_n moonwort_n this_o be_v find_v in_o several_a close_n about_o sutton-colfeld_a on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o town_n narcissus_n sylvestris_fw-la pallidus_fw-la calyoe_fw-la luteo_fw-la c._n b._n pseudonarcissus_a anglicus_n ger._n anglicus_n vulgaris_fw-la park_n bulbocodium_fw-la vulgatius_fw-la j._n b._n wild_a english_a daffodil_n in_o some_o pasture_n about_o sutton_n colfeld_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o town_n plentiful_o ranunculo_n sive_fw-la polyanthemo_fw-la equatili_fw-la albo_fw-la affine_fw-la millefolium_n maratriphyllum_fw-la fluitans_fw-la j._n b._n millefolium_n maratriphyllum_fw-la ranunculi_fw-la floor_z park_n millef_fw-fr aquat_fw-la foliis_fw-la foeniculi_fw-la ranunculi_fw-la flore_fw-la &_o capitulo_fw-la c._n b._n fennel-leaved_a water-crowfoot_a in_o the_o river_n tame_n and_o the_o brook_n that_o run_v into_o it_o plentiful_o it_o be_v also_o find_v in_o the_o river_n ouse_n near_o oxford_n it_o be_v a_o perfect_a genuine_a crowfoot_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v call_v ranunculus_fw-la aquaticus_fw-la foeniculi_fw-la foliis_fw-la turritis_fw-la ger._n vulgatior_fw-la j._n b._n park_n brassica_n sylvestris_fw-la foliis_fw-la integris_fw-la &_o hispidis_fw-la c._n b._n tower-mustard_n on_o dorsthill-hill_n near_o tamworth_n vaccinia_fw-la rubra_fw-la buxeis_fw-la foliis_fw-la park_n red-whorts_a or_o bill-berry_n see_v the_o other_o synonyme_v in_o derbyshire_n on_o the_o black_a boggy-heath_n between_o middleton_n and_o sutton_n equisetum_fw-la sylvaticum_fw-la tab._n ger._n sylvaticum_fw-la tenuissimis_fw-la setis_fw-la c._n b._n omnium_fw-la minimum_fw-la tenuifolium_fw-la park_n equisetum_fw-la sive_fw-la hippuris_n tenuissima_fw-la non_fw-la aspera_fw-la j._n b._n wood-horsetail_a in_o moist_a place_n and_o by_o the_o watery_a ditch_n by_o the_o wood-side_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o you_o go_v from_o middleton_n to_o sutton_n a_o little_a before_o you_o come_v to_o the_o heath_n erica_n baccifera_fw-la procumbens_fw-la nigra_fw-la c._n b._n baccifera_fw-la procumbens_fw-la ger._n baccifera_fw-la nigra_fw-la park_n baccifera_fw-la matthioli_n j._n b._n black-berried_n heath_n crow-berry_n or_o crake-berry_n on_o the_o moist_a bank_n by_o the_o new_a park_n at_o middleton_n on_o that_o side_n next_o london-road_n where_o be_v also_o find_v osmunda_n regalis_fw-la bistorta_fw-la major_n ger._n maj_o vulgaris_fw-la park_n maj_o rugosioribus_fw-la foliis_fw-la j._n b._n maj_o radice_fw-la minus_fw-la intorta_fw-la the_o great_a bistort_v or_o snakeweed_n in_o the_o meadow_n at_o tamworth_n and_o fasely_n plentiful_o vitis_n idaea_n thymi_fw-la foliis_fw-la idaea_n palustris_fw-la c._n b._n vaccinia_fw-la palustria_fw-la ger._n park_n oxycoccus_n seu_fw-la vaccinia_fw-la palustria_fw-la j._n b._n marsh_n whortle-berry_n moss-berry_n moor-berry_n or_o corn-berry_n in_o the_o moorish_a ground_n and_o quagmire_n in_o sutton-colfeld-park_n plentiful_o worcestershire_n the_o second_o province_n of_o the_o cornavii_n have_v now_o change_v its_o name_n be_v from_o the_o principal_a town_n call_v in_o latin_a wigorniensis_fw-la comitatus_fw-la in_o saxon_a wireceaster-scyre_a and_o in_o the_o present_a english_a worcestershire_n asleep_o the_o inhabitant_n hereof_o with_o their_o neighbour_n in_o the_o time_n of_o bede_n before_o england_n be_v divide_v into_o county_n be_v call_v b_o wiccii_n wiccii_n wiccii_n which_o name_n if_o not_o give_v they_o from_o the_o wind_a course_n of_o the_o river_n on_o which_o they_o dwell_v for_o as_o i_o have_v before_o observe_v the_o saxon_n style_v the_o wind_a reach_n of_o a_o river_n Æ¿ic_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o salt-pit_n salt-pit_n salt-pit_n which_o the_o ancient_a english_a in_o their_o language_n name_v witch_n for_o in_o this_o country_n there_o be_v noble_a brine-pit_n and_o many_o salt-spring_n be_v ever_o and_o anon_o discover_v but_o be_v present_o stop_v up_o because_o as_o i_o learn_v from_o ancient_a writing_n they_o be_v oblige_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o wood_n to_o make_v salt_n only_o in_o one_o place_n nor_o let_v it_o be_v think_v improbable_a that_o place_n shall_v take_v their_o name_n from_o salt-pit_n see_v there_o be_v many_o instance_n hereof_o in_o all_o country_n and_o our_o ancestor_n the_o german_n as_o tacitus_n report_v firm_o believe_v such_o place_n to_o be_v near_a heaven_n and_o that_o man_n prayer_n be_v no_o where_n soon_o hear_v by_o the_o go_n this_o county_n lie_v bound_v by_o warwickshire_n on_o the_o east_n by_o glocestershire_n on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n and_o salop_n on_o the_o west_n and_o on_o the_o north_n by_o staffordshire_n to_o say_v all_o in_o one_o word_n the_o air_n and_o soil_n be_v both_o so_o propitious_a that_o it_o be_v inferior_a to_o none_o of_o its_o neighbour_n either_o for_o health_n or_o plenty_n they_o plenty_n and_o in_o one_o part_n for_o dainty_a chief_n surpass_v they_o it_o produce_v especial_o pear_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o though_o not_o grateful_a to_o nice_a palate_n nor_o do_v they_o keep_v well_o yet_o they_o afford_v a_o vinous_a juice_n of_o which_o be_v make_v a_o sort_n of_o counterfeit_a wine_n call_v pyrry_v pyrry_o pyrry_o which_o be_v very_o much_o drink_v though_o it_o be_v like_o other_o liquor_n of_o that_o kind_n both_o cold_a and_o flatulent_a worcester_z shire_n by_o robt._n morden_n severn_n at_o its_o very_a first_o entrance_n into_o this_o county_n run_v between_o kidderminster_n and_o beawdley_n bâ—awdley_n kidderminster_n and_o bâ—awdley_n the_o latter_a just_o take_v that_o name_n from_o its_o most_o pleasant_a situation_n upon_o the_o declivity_n of_o a_o hill_n over_o the_o western_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n it_o be_v late_o remarkable_a for_o the_o wonderful_a height_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o the_o adjacent_a forest_n of_o wyre_n which_o be_v now_o in_o a_o manner_n all_o go_v whence_o our_o poet_n and_o antiquary_n leland_n say_v of_o it_o delicium_fw-la rerum_fw-la bellus_n locus_fw-la undique_fw-la floret_fw-la frond_n coronatus_fw-la virianae_fw-la tempora_fw-la sylvae_fw-la fair_a seat_v beawdley_n a_o delightful_a town_n which_o wire_n tall_a oak_n with_o shady_a branch_n crown_v but_o now_o this_o little_a town_n be_v celebrate_v only_o for_o its_o delicate_a situation_n and_o beauty_n together_o with_o the_o palace_n of_o usurpation_n of_o the_o name_n probable_o be_v ticcen-hill_n i.e._n goats-hill_n not_o ticken-hall_n and_o so_o have_v be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n before_o the_o house_n be_v build_v which_o with_o the_o adjoin_a park_n be_v destroy_v in_o the_o late_a time_n of_o usurpation_n tickenhall_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o build_v to_o be_v a_o place_n of_o retirement_n for_o prince_n arthur_n parliament_n arthur_n at_o which_o time_n he_o grant_v some_o privilege_n to_o beawdley_n hol._n upon_o the_o strict_a enquiry_n i_o can_v find_v any_o ground_n for_o what_o mr._n holiand_n say_v the_o town_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v first_o incorporate_v by_o king_n edw._n 4._o who_o charter_n grant_v they_o great_a privilege_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n which_o show_v they_o in_o those_o day_n to_o have_v improve_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o river_n for_o traffic_v these_o immunity_n be_v twice_o confirm_v by_o king_n henry_n 8._o and_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 34_o and_o 35_o of_o his_o reign_n beawdley_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n king_n james_n 1._o grant_v they_o a_o charter_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o bailiff_n and_o burgess_n of_o beawdley_n give_v they_o one_o burgess_n to_o represent_v they_o in_o parliament_n the_o former_a kidderminster_n which_o be_v also_o call_v kiddelminster_n lie_v over_o against_o it_o on_o the_o east-side_n but_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o river_n which_o be_v a_o neat_a town_n and_o a_o market_n well_o furnish_v with_o all_o commodity_n divide_v by_o the_o little_a river_n stour_n which_o run_v through_o it_o the_o great_a ornament_n it_o have_v at_o present_a be_v a_o very_a fair_a church_n in_o which_o some_o of_o the_o eminent_a family_n of_o the_o cokesey_n lie_v inter_v and_o a_o fine_a house_n of_o the_o blount_n a_o good_a family_n honour_v with_o knighthood_n and_o descend_v from_o those_o of_o kinlet_n but_o ancient_o this_o place_n be_v of_o note_n for_o its_o lord_n the_o bisset_n who_o be_v in_o their_o time_n very_o great_a man_n who_o rich_a patrimony_n at_o length_n come_v to_o a_o division_n among_o sister_n part_n go_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o abergavenny_n and_o part_n to_o a_o hospital_n of_o leprous_a woman_n in_o wiltshire_n which_o house_n one_o of_o these_o sister_n be_v herself_o a_o leper_n build_v and_o endow_v with_o her_o share_n of_o the_o estate_n do_v afterward_o it_o give_v the_o title_n of_o
the_o county_n of_o wilts_n and_o somerset_n province_n of_o the_o west-saxon_a kingdom_n u_fw-la mr._n camden_n have_v leave_v the_o westside_n of_o this_o county_n in_o a_o manner_n untouched_a it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o give_v a_o more_o particular_a view_n thereof_o the_o river_n teme_n teme_n teme_n in_o latin_a temedus_n water_n the_o northwest_n part_n of_o this_o shire_n take_v its_o course_n into_o the_o severn_n through_o rich_a meadow_n and_o the_o soil_n on_o both_o side_n produce_v excellent_a cider_n and_o hop_n in_o great_a abundance_n on_o the_o edge_n of_o shropshire_n the_o river_n give_v its_o name_n to_o temebury_n a_o small_a but_o well-frequented_n market-town_n this_o town_n with_o most_o of_o the_o land_n between_o teme_n and_o herefordshire_n be_v hold_v by_o robert_n fitz_n richard_n lord_n of_o ricard_n castle_n who_o son_n hugh_n marry_v eustachia_n de_fw-fr say_v a_o great_a heiress_n the_o issue_n of_o that_o match_n take_v the_o surname_n of_o 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fair_a new-built_a house_n the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o foley_n who_o buy_v it_o of_o the_o russel_n to_o who_o it_o come_v about_o king_n henry_n the_o 7th_n time_n by_o marriage_n with_o one_o of_o the_o coheir_n of_o cassy_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o heir-general_a of_o the_o coke-sayes_a it_o be_v more_o ancient_a lord_n under_o the_o westside_n of_o woodbery-hill_n lie_v shelsley_n beauchamp_n and_o over_o against_o it_o shelsley_n walsh_n waâ—sh_n sheâ—â—ey_o waâ—sh_n where_o dwell_v sir_n richard_n walsh_n the_o famous_a sheriff_n of_o this_o county_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o powder-plot_n who_o pursue_v the_o traitor_n into_o staffordshire_n and_o take_v they_o there_o a_o little_o low_a stand_v hammme-castle_n and_o now_o in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o a_o fair_a seat_n which_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o jeffreys_n have_v enjoy_v about_o 200_o year_n hence_o by_o martley_n teme_n pass_v under_o coderidge_n coderiâ—â—â—_n coderiâ—â—â—_n a_o manor_n of_o the_o berkleys_n former_o the_o acton_n and_o in_o more_o ancient_a time_n belong_v to_o the_o mortimer_n and_o sesse_n on_o the_o opposite_a bank_n stand_v leigh_n leâ—gh_o leâ—gh_o a_o manor_n of_o the_o viscount_n of_o hereford_n whence_o the_o river_n haste_v to_o powick_n fall_v into_o the_o severn_n continuation_n of_o the_o earl_n henry_n son_n of_o edward_n succeed_v his_o father_n be_v create_v marquis_n of_o worcester_n by_o k._n charles_n 1._o which_o honour_n be_v after_o he_o enjoy_v by_o edward_n his_o son_n and_z henry_n his_o grandson_n who_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o beaufort_n by_o king_n charles_n 2._o the_o title_n of_o marquis_n of_o worcester_n be_v now_o give_v to_o charles_n somerset_n his_o elder_a son_n a_o gentleman_n of_o great_a part_n and_o worth_a who_o merit_v no_o less_o a_o character_n than_o that_o mr._n camden_n give_v his_o noble_a ancestor_n with_o who_o he_o conclude_v his_o description_n of_o worcestershire_n more_o rare_a plant_n grow_v wild_a in_o worcestershire_n colchicum_n vulgar_a seu_fw-la anglicum_fw-la purpureum_fw-la &_o album_fw-la ger._n park_n common_a meadow-saffron_n i_o observe_v it_o grow_v most_o plentiful_o in_o the_o meadow_n of_o this_o county_n cynoglossum_fw-la folio_fw-la virenti_fw-la j._n b._n cynoglossum_fw-la minus_fw-la folio_fw-la virente_fw-la ger._n semper_fw-la virens_fw-la c._n b._n park_n the_o lesser_a green-leaved_n hounds-tongue_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o some_o shady_a lane_n near_o worcester_n by_o mr._n pitts_n a_o apothecary_n and_o alderman_n of_o that_o city_n sorbus_fw-la pyriformis_fw-la d._n pitts_n which_o i_o suspect_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o sorbus_fw-la sativa_fw-la c._n b._n legitima_fw-la park_n that_o be_v the_o true_a or_o manure_v service_n or_o sorb-tree_n find_a by_o the_o say_a mr._n pit_n in_o a_o forest_n of_o this_o county_n triticum_fw-la majus_fw-la glumâ_fw-la foliaceâ_fw-la seu_fw-la triticum_fw-la polonicum_fw-la d._n bobert_n a_o trit_a speciosum_fw-la grano_fw-la oblongo_fw-la j._n b_o polonian_a wheat_n it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o field_n in_o this_o county_n and_o as_o dr._n plot_n tell_v we_o in_o staffordshire_n also_o staffordshire_n the_o three_o part_n of_o that_o country_n inhabit_v by_o the_o cornavii_n now_o staffordshire_n in_o saxon_a stafford-scyre_a the_o people_n whereof_o as_o live_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o england_n be_v call_v in_o bede_n angli_fw-la mediterranei_fw-la mediterranei_fw-la angli_fw-la mediterranei_fw-la bound_v on_o the_o east_n by_o warwickshire_n and_o derbyshire_n on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n and_o on_o the_o west_n by_o shropshire_n lie_v from_o south_n to_o north_n almost_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o rhombus_fw-la be_v broad_a in_o the_o middle_n but_o narrow_a and_o contract_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o it_o the_o north_n part_n be_v mountainous_a and_o less_o fertile_a but_o the_o middle_n which_o be_v water_v by_o the_o trent_n be_v fruitful_a woody_a and_o pleasant_a by_o a_o equal_a mixture_n of_o arable_a and_o meadow_n ground_n so_o be_v also_o the_o south_n which_o have_v much_o pit-coal_n and_o mine_n of_o iron_n iron_n iron_n but_o whether_o more_o to_o their_o loss_n or_o advantage_n the_o native_n themselves_z be_v best_a judge_n and_o so_o i_o refer_v it_o to_o they_o stafford_z shire_n by_o robt._n morden_n after_o this_o we_o find_v memorable_a in_o this_o tract_n chellington_n chellington_n chellington_n a_o very_a fine_a seat_n and_o the_o manor_n of_o that_o ancient_a and_o famous_a family_n the_o giffard_n gâ—ffards_n the_o gâ—ffards_n give_v to_o peter_n giffard_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 2._o by_o peter_n corbuchin_n to_o who_o also_o richard_n strongbow_n who_o conquer_v ireland_n give_v tachmelin_n and_o other_o land_n in_o that_o country_n vulfrunes-hampton_a so_o call_v from_o vulfruna_n a_o very_a pious_a woman_n who_o build_v a_o monastery_n in_o the_o town_n which_o before_o have_v the_o name_n of_o hampton_n and_o hence_o for_o vulfrunes-hampton_a it_o be_v corrupt_o call_v wolverhampton_n wâ—lverhampton_n wâ—lverhampton_n which_o be_v chief_o remarkable_a for_o the_o college_n there_o annex_v to_o the_o dean_n and_o prebendary_n of_o windsor_n b_o theotenhall_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o house_n of_o pagan_n now_o tetnall_n where_o many_o of_o the_o dane_n be_v cut_v off_o in_o the_o year_n 911._o by_o edward_n the_o elder_a c_o weadesburg_n now_o weddsborrow_n weddsborâ—ow_v weddsborâ—ow_v heretofore_o fortify_v by_o aethelfleda_n governess_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o walsall_n none_o of_o the_o mean_a market-town_n near_o this_o lie_v the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n tame_n tame_n tame_n which_o rise_v not_o far_o off_o run_v for_o some_o mile_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o this_o county_n towards_o the_o trent_n pass_v at_o some_o small_a distance_n by_o draiton_n basset_n â—â—set_fw-la â—â—set_fw-la the_o seat_n of_o the_o basset_n who_o be_v descend_v from_o one_o turstin_n lord_n of_o this_o place_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 1._o and_o grow_v up_o into_o a_o numerous_a and_o famous_a family_n for_o this_o be_v the_o stock_n from_o which_o the_o basset_n of_o welleden_n wiccomb_n sapcott_n chedle_n and_o other_o of_o they_o be_v propagate_v but_o of_o these_o basset_n of_o draiton_n ralph_n be_v the_o last_o a_o very_a eminent_a baron_n who_o marry_v the_o sister_n of_o john_n montfort_n duke_n of_o bretagne_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o rich._n 2._o from_o hence_o the_o tame_a pass_v through_o the_o bridge_n at_o falkesley_n over_o which_o a_o ancient_a roman-way_n lay_v run_v by_o the_o low_a part_n of_o tamworth_n tamworth_n tamworth_n in_o saxon_a tamapeord_n in_o marianus_n tamawordina_n so_o situate_v between_o the_o border_n of_o the_o two_o shire_n that_o the_o one_o part_n of_o it_o which_o former_o belong_v to_o the_o marmion_n be_v count_v in_o warwickshire_n the_o other_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o hastings_n be_v reckon_v in_o this_o county_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n tame_a which_o run_v by_o it_o and_o the_o saxon_a word_n weorth_o which_o signify_v
the_o chief_a be_v the_o dove_n the_o hans_n churnet_n tein_n blath_n and_o trent_n which_o receive_v they_o all_o and_o carry_v they_o with_o it_o into_o the_o sea_n the_o dovus_n or_o dove_n dove_n dove_n bank_v with_o hard_a limestone_n which_o they_o burn_v to_o manure_v their_o field_n with_o run_v swift_o for_o a_o great_a way_n along_o the_o east-part_n of_o this_o county_n sever_a it_o from_o derbyshire_n by_o its_o white_a clayish_a channel_n without_o any_o shelf_n of_o mud_n in_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o limestone_n soil_n it_o suck_v in_o such_o richness_n from_o it_o that_o in_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o winter_n the_o meadow_n on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o look_v fresh_a and_o green_a and_o if_o it_o overflow_v and_o lay_v the_o meadow_n afloat_o in_o april_n like_o another_o nile_n it_o make_v they_o so_o fruitful_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o joyful_o tell_v you_o their_o common_a rhyme_n in_o april_n dove_n flood_n be_v worth_a a_o king_n be_v good_a this_o river_n will_v swell_v so_o much_o in_o twelve_o hour_n time_n that_o to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o it_o will_v wash_v off_o sheep_n and_o cattle_n and_o carry_v they_o along_o with_o it_o yet_o fall_v again_o within_o the_o same_o time_n and_o return_n to_o its_o old_a bound_n whereas_o the_o trent_n be_v once_o over_o the_o bank_n keep_v the_o field_n in_o float_n four_o or_o five_o day_n together_o but_o now_o for_o those_o river_n which_o run_v into_o it_o the_o first_o be_v hans_n hans_n hans_n which_o dip_v under_o ground_n break_v out_o again_o three_o mile_n off_o the_o next_o that_o join_v it_o be_v the_o churnet_n churnet_n churnet_n which_o run_v by_o de-la-cres_n de-la-cres_n de-la-cres_n abbey_n build_v by_o ranulph_n the_o three_o of_o that_o name_n earl_n of_o chester_n leike_v note_v for_o its_o market_n and_o than_o aulton_n aulton_n aulton_n former_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr verdon_n croxden_n verdon_n who_o found_v here_o the_o abbey_n of_o croxden_n from_o who_o by_o the_o furnivals_n it_o descend_v to_o the_o talbot_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n a_o little_a low_o the_o tein_n tein_n tein_n a_o small_a river_n run_v into_o the_o dove_n which_o rise_v not_o far_o from_o cheddle_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o basset_n descend_v from_o the_o basset_n of_o draiton_n run_v on_o in_o a_o course_n so_o uneven_a and_o wind_a that_o in_o a_o mile_n ride_v i_o have_v it_o to_o cross_v four_o time_n near_o this_o in_o checley_n church-yard_n checley_n checley_n stand_v three_o stone_n raise_v spire-like_a two_o of_o which_o have_v little_a image_n cut_v out_o in_o they_o and_o that_o in_o the_o middle_n be_v the_o high_a the_o inhabitant_n talk_v of_o a_o engagement_n between_o two_o army_n there_o the_o one_o with_o weapon_n the_o other_o without_o and_o that_o three_o bishop_n be_v slay_v in_o that_o battle_n in_o memory_n of_o who_o these_o stone_n be_v erect_v what_o historical_a truth_n may_v beveil_v under_o this_o story_n i_o be_o not_o as_o yet_o sensible_a country_n sensible_a as_o for_o blithe_n it_o have_v in_o this_o moorland_n a_o little_a castle_n name_v careswell_n which_o sir_n william_n careswell_v build_v with_o great_a pond_n have_v their_o head_n make_v of_o square-stone_n and_o draicot_n which_o give_v a_o surname_n to_o a_o family_n of_o great_a antiquity_n in_o this_o country_n now_o the_o dove_n tine_n dove_n after_o it_o have_v receive_v tine_n run_v under_o a_o firm_a stone-bridge_n to_o utcester_n utcester_n utcester_n in_o saxon_a uttok-c_a seat_v upon_o a_o hill_n of_o easy_a ascent_n and_o rather_o rich_a upon_o the_o account_n of_o its_o fine_a meadow_n and_o cattle_n than_o neat_a and_o handsome_a in_o respect_n of_o building_n before_o i_o see_v it_o i_o take_v it_o for_o etocetum_n be_v induce_v to_o this_o opinion_n by_o the_o affinity_n of_o the_o two_o name_n but_o now_o time_n have_v furnish_v i_o with_o more_o certainty_n in_o this_o matter_n afterward_o where_o the_o dove_n draw_v towards_o the_o trent_n it_o see_v tutbury_n tutesbury_n tutesbury_n castle_n former_o very_o large_a and_o also_o call_v stutesbury_n command_v as_o it_o be_v the_o low_a country_n by_o its_o high_a situation_n on_o a_o alabaster-hill_n build_v with_o the_o little_a monastery_n by_o henry_n de_fw-fr ferrars_n a_o noble_a norman_a to_o who_o william_n the_o first_o give_v large_a possession_n in_o this_o county_n which_o be_v all_o lose_v by_o robert_n de_fw-fr ferrariis_fw-la earl_n of_o derby_n upon_o his_o second_o revolt_n from_o hen._n 3._o for_o though_o after_o the_o many_o trouble_v he_o have_v raise_v in_o the_o baron_n war_n he_o be_v receive_v again_o into_o favour_n by_o the_o king_n and_o then_o bind_v by_o a_o strict_a oath_n to_o be_v faithful_a to_o he_o for_o the_o future_a yet_o the_o restless_a temper_n of_o this_o man_n that_o he_o may_v make_v fortune_n comply_v by_o force_n since_o he_o can_v not_o by_o caress_n and_o courtship_n soon_o after_o hurry_v he_o again_o into_o arm_n against_o his_o sovereign_n and_o be_v at_o last_o take_v that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o his_o obligation_n he_o suffer_v this_o great_a loss_n of_o his_o whole_a estate_n and_o honour_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n some_o where_n in_o this_o shire_n if_o necham_n do_v not_o deceive_v we_o into_o which_o no_o wild_a beast_n will_v enter_v upon_o any_o account_n but_o since_o the_o place_n be_v uncertain_a and_o indeed_o the_o thing_n more_o sapientiae_fw-la in_o lib._n de_fw-la laudibus_fw-la divinae_fw-la sapientiae_fw-la i_o will_v only_o subscribe_v these_o verse_n of_o necham_n about_o it_o entitle_v by_o he_o de_fw-fr lacu_fw-la in_o staffordia_n rugitu_fw-la lacus_n est_fw-la eventûs_fw-la praeco_fw-la futuri_fw-la cujus_fw-la aquis_fw-la fera_fw-fr se_fw-la credere_fw-la nulla_fw-la solet_fw-la instet_fw-la odora_fw-la canum_fw-la virtus_fw-la mors_fw-la instet_fw-la acerba_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la intrabit_fw-la exagitata_fw-la lacum_fw-la a_o lake_n that_o with_o prophetic_a noise_n do_v roar_v where_o beast_n can_v never_o be_v force_v to_o venture_v over_o by_o hound_n or_o man_n or_o fleet_a death_n pursue_v they_o will_v not_o plunge_v in_o but_o shun_v the_o hate_a flood_n of_o another_o lake_n also_o in_o this_o county_n gervasius_n tilburiensis_n tilburiensis_n geru._n tilburiensis_n in_o his_o otia_fw-la imperialia_fw-la to_o ocho_fw-es the_o four_o write_v thus_o in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o coventry_n and_o in_o the_o county_n of_o stafford_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n mahull_n so_o call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v a_o water_n like_o a_o lake_n very_o broad_a in_o the_o out-ground_n of_o a_o village_n which_o they_o call_v magdalea_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o wood_n all_o along_o upon_o the_o lake_n the_o water_n of_o which_o be_v very_o clear_a and_o so_o effectual_a in_o refresh_v that_o when_o the_o hunter_n have_v give_v chase_n to_o a_o stag_n or_o other_o wild_a beast_n till_o their_o horse_n be_v spend_v and_o weary_a if_o they_o drink_v of_o this_o water_n in_o the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o likewise_o water_v their_o horse_n with_o it_o they_o recover_v their_o strength_n to_o run_v again_o to_o that_o degree_n that_o one_o will_v think_v they_o have_v not_o run_v at_o all_o as_o for_o the_o title_n of_o stafford_n it_o have_v continue_v from_o robert_n of_o stafford_n who_o william_n the_o norman_a enrich_v with_o great_a possession_n in_o his_o posterity_n till_o our_o time_n a_o family_n exceed_v eminent_a and_o old_a and_o which_o have_v undergo_v several_a turn_n of_o fortune_n for_o first_o they_o be_v baron_n of_o stafford_n stafford_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o stafford_n etc._n stafford_n then_o few_o of_o they_o earl_n viz._n ralph_n create_v by_o k._n edw._n 3._o earl_n of_o stafford_n who_o marry_v the_o heiress_n of_o hugh_n audley_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n hugh_z his_o son_n who_o die_v in_o pilgrimage_n at_o rhodes_n and_o his_o three_o son_n successive_o thomas_n and_o william_n both_o without_o issue_n and_o edmund_n who_o take_v to_o wife_n the_o daughter_n and_o heiress_n of_o thomas_n of_o woodstock_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n afterward_o three_o of_o they_o be_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o earl_n of_o stafford_n etc._n etc._n as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o declare_v by_o the_o attainder_n of_o the_o last_o of_o they_o those_o ample_a inheritance_n etc._n etc._n then_z earls_z after_o that_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o earl_n of_o stafford_n and_o now_o it_o be_v their_o ill_a fortune_n to_o be_v fall_v back_o to_o their_o old_a title_n of_o baron_n only_o and_o those_o great_a estate_n which_o they_o have_v gain_v by_o their_o most_o honourable_a marriage_n be_v as_o it_o be_v flee_v and_o scatter_v in_o lieu_n whereof_o they_o enjoy_v a_o happy_a security_n which_o never_o cohabit_v with_o
from_o the_o more_o ancient_a british_a name_n of_o part_n of_o their_o country_n have_v the_o country_n be_v denominate_v since_o the_o roman_a conquest_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n it_o have_v be_v more_o proper_o call_v gwlâd_o gaer-lheion_a than_o gwlâd_v gwent_n but_o of_o this_o enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o f_o in_o the_o year_n 1654._o some_o workman_n discover_v at_o st._n julian_n near_o kaer-lheion_a a_o roman_a altar_n the_o inscription_n whereof_o be_v soon_o after_o copy_v by_o the_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a john_n aubrey_n esq_n a_o true_a lover_n and_o promoter_n of_o real_a knowledge_n and_o a_o person_n of_o equal_a industry_n and_o curiosity_n the_o altar_n he_o say_v be_v of_o freestone_n four_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o three_o in_o breadth_n the_o inscription_n he_o be_v please_v to_o communicace_n out_o of_o his_o excellent_a collection_n of_o british_a monument_n to_o be_v publish_v on_o this_o occasion_n joviom_a dolichvi_n 〈◊〉_d aemilianus_n calpurnius_n rufilianus_n 〈◊〉_d augustorum_n monitv_n it_o seem_v worth_a the_o enquiry_n of_o the_o curious_a upon_o what_o occasion_n jupiter_n be_v here_o style_v dolichenus_n for_o that_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o word_n dolichv_n to_o i_o it_o seem_v somewhat_o probable_a that_o this_o altar_n be_v erect_v to_o implore_v his_o tuition_n of_o some_o iron_n mine_n either_o in_o the_o forest_n of_o dean_n or_o some_o other_o place_n of_o this_o country_n the_o ground_n of_o which_o conjecture_n i_o take_v from_o this_o inscription_n in_o reinesius_n xu._n â—â—n_fw-la sâ—nâ—â—â—_n lâ—â—_n m_o â—_o xu._n jovi_fw-la optimo_fw-la maximo_fw-la dolycheno_fw-la ubi_fw-la ferrum_fw-la nascitur_fw-la c_o sempronius_n rectus_n cent_n frumentarius_n d.d._n for_o unlesâ—_n câ—aius_n sempronius_n who_o dedicate_v this_o altar_n jovi_fw-la dolicheno_fw-la make_v his_o request_n to_o jupiter_n that_o he_o will_v either_o direct_v they_o to_o find_v out_o iron_n mine_n or_o be_v propitious_a to_o some_o they_o have_v already_o discover_v i_o can_v conjecture_v why_o he_o shall_v add_v the_o word_n ubi_fw-la ferrum_fw-la nascitur_fw-la which_o be_v not_o only_o superfluous_a buâ—_n absurd_a if_o they_o imply_v no_o more_o than_o bare_o that_o iron-ore_a be_v find_v at_o doliche_n a_o town_n of_o macedonia_n whence_o jupiter_n be_v call_v dolichenus_n augustorum_n monitu_fw-la be_v a_o phrase_n we_o find_v parallel_v instance_n of_o in_o reinesius_n p._n 42._o where_o he_o tell_v we_o exit_fw-la monitu_fw-la dei_fw-la imperio_fw-la deorum_fw-la dearúmque_fw-la ex_fw-la jussu_fw-la numinis_fw-la quicquid_fw-la facerent_fw-la facere_fw-la videri_fw-la volebant_fw-la pagani_n at_o tre-dynoq-church_n tredonok_fw-mi inscription_n at_o tredonok_fw-mi about_o three_o mile_n distant_a from_o kaer-leion_a be_v preserve_v this_o fair_a and_o entire_a monument_n of_o a_o roman_a soldier_n of_o the_o second_o legion_n the_o stone_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o blue_a slate_n the_o four_o oblique_a line_n be_v so_o many_o grooves_n or_o canaliculi_n and_o the_o small_a square_n without_o the_o line_n be_v hole_n bore_v through_o the_o stone_n whereby_o it_o be_v fasten_v with_o iron_n pin_n to_o the_o ground-wall_n of_o the_o church_n on_o the_o outside_n and_o discover_v by_o the_o sexton_n about_o twenty_o year_n since_o at_o the_o dig_v of_o a_o grave_a consider_v that_o this_o be_v the_o monument_n of_o a_o heathen_a and_o must_v be_v about_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o hundred_o year_n stand_v it_o seem_v strange_a it_o shall_v be_v reposit_v in_o this_o place_n and_o thus_o fasten_v to_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o church_n unless_o we_o suppose_v it_o lay_v there_o by_o some_o pious_a christian_a in_o â—fter_a age_n or_o rather_o that_o the_o church_n be_v build_v on_o some_o old_a roman_a burial-place_n but_o however_o that_o happen_v that_o it_o be_v there_o find_v be_v most_o certain_a and_o testify_v by_o a_o worthy_a gentleman_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n yet_o live_v who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o discovery_n of_o it_o and_o take_v care_n to_o preserve_v it_o dm_o jul_n julianus_n mil_n leg_n two_o aug_n stipes_n xviii_o annor_fw-la xl_o hic_fw-la situs_n est_fw-la curâ—agente_n amanda_n coniuge_n at_o kaer_n leion_n they_o frequent_o dig_v up_o roman_a brick_n with_o this_o inscription_n leg_n ii_o aug._n the_o letter_n on_o these_o brick_n be_v not_o inscribe_v as_o on_o stone_n but_o stamp_v with_o some_o instrument_n there_o be_v a_o square_a cavity_n or_o impression_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o brick_n at_o the_o bottom_n whereof_o the_o letter_n be_v raise_v and_o not_o ensculpt_v one_o of_o these_o brick_n may_v be_v see_v together_o with_o mr._n camden_n inscription_n in_o the_o garden-wall_n at_o moinscourt_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o worshipful_a thomas_n lyster_n esq_n and_o some_o other_o at_o kaer_n leion_n in_o the_o year_n 1692._o a_o chequer_a pavement_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o honour_a henry_n tomkins_n of_o kaer_n leion_n esq_n the_o present_a high_a sheriff_n of_o this_o county_n it_o be_v find_v by_o workman_n a_o plow_a in_o a_o field_n close_o adjoin_v to_o his_o house_n and_o here_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o these_o ancient_a pavement_n be_v not_o bury_v so_o deep_a in_o this_o county_n as_o that_o in_o the_o churchyard_n at_o woodchester_n in_o glocestershire_n for_o whereas_o that_o lie_n at_o about_o 3_o foot_n depth_n this_o at_o kaer_n leion_n as_o also_o some_o other_o former_o discover_v lay_v no_o deep_a than_o the_o ploughshare_n and_o that_o abovemention_v at_o kaer-went_a not_o much_o low_a mr._n tomkins_n have_v take_v all_o possible_a care_n to_o preserve_v what_o the_o servant_n have_v not_o spoil_v of_o this_o valuable_a antiquity_n by_o remove_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o floor_n in_o the_o same_o order_n it_o be_v find_v into_o his_o garden_n and_o be_v please_v to_o communicate_v a_o draught_n of_o the_o whole_a to_o be_v wales_n be_v see_v at_o the_o end_n of_o wales_n publish_v upon_o this_o occasion_n the_o diameter_n of_o it_o be_v about_o 14_o foot_n all_o the_o arch_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o border_n they_o touch_v be_v compose_v of_o white_a red_z and_o blue_a stone_n vary_a alternate_o the_o bill_n eye_n and_o foot_n of_o the_o bird_n be_v red_a and_o they_o have_v also_o a_o red_a ring_n about_o the_o neck_n and_o in_o their_o wing_n one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o long_a feather_n red_a and_o another_o blue_a the_o inside_n of_o the_o cup_n be_v also_o red_a and_o elsewhere_o whatever_o we_o have_v not_o except_v of_o this_o whole_a area_n be_v variegated_a of_o umber_n or_o dark_a colour_a stone_n and_o white_a about_o forty_o year_n since_o some_o labourer_n dig_v in_o a_o quarry_n betwixt_o kaer_n leion_n bridge_n and_o christchurch_n near_o a_o place_n call_v porth_n sini_fw-la krân_fw-la discover_v a_o large_a coffin_n of_o freestone_n which_o be_v open_v they_o find_v therein_o a_o leaden_a sheet_n wrap_v about_o a_o iron_n frame_n curious_o wrought_v and_o in_o that_o frame_n a_o skeleton_n near_o the_o coffin_n they_o find_v also_o a_o gild_a alabaster_n statue_n of_o a_o person_n in_o a_o coat_n of_o mail_n hold_v in_o the_o right-hand_a a_o short_a sword_n and_o in_o the_o leave_v a_o pair_n of_o scale_n in_o the_o right_a scale_n appear_v a_o young_a maiden_n head_n and_o breast_n and_o in_o the_o leave_v which_o be_v outweighed_a by_o the_o former_a a_o globe_n this_o account_n of_o the_o coffin_n and_o statue_n i_o receive_v from_o the_o worshipful_a captain_n mathias_n bird_n who_o see_v both_o himself_o and_o for_o the_o far_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o curious_a be_v please_v late_o to_o present_v the_o statue_n to_o the_o ashmolean_a repository_n at_o oxford_n the_o foot_n and_o right-arm_n have_v be_v break_v some_o year_n since_o as_o also_o the_o scale_n but_o in_o all_o other_o respect_n it_o be_v tolerable_o well_o preserve_v and_o some_o of_o the_o gild_n still_o remain_v in_o the_o interstice_n of_o the_o armour_n we_o have_v give_v a_o figure_n of_o it_o among_o some_o other_o curiosity_n relate_v to_o antiquity_n at_o the_o end_n of_o these_o county_n of_o wales_n but_o must_v leave_v the_o explication_n to_o some_o more_o experience_a and_o judicious_a antiquary_n for_o though_o at_o first_o view_v it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o goddess_n astraea_n yet_o i_o can_v satisfy_v myself_o as_o to_o the_o device_n of_o the_o globe_n and_o woman_n in_o the_o scale_n and_o be_o unwilling_a to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o too_o many_o conjecture_n among_o other_o roman_a antiquity_n frequent_o dig_v up_o here_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o some_o curious_a earthen_a vessel_n whereof_o some_o be_v plain_a and_o the_o same_o with_o those_o red_a patellae_fw-la or_o earthen_a plate_n often_o discover_v in_o several_a part_n of_o england_n but_o other_o adorn_v with_o elegant_a figure_n which_o be_v they_o preserve_v may_v be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o
towards_o the_o east_n lie_v cantreubychan_n cantreu-bychan_a cantreu-bychan_a which_o signify_v the_o lesser_a hundred_o for_o the_o britain_n call_n such_o a_o portion_n of_o a_o country_n as_o contain_v 100_o village_n kantrev_n where_o may_v be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o kastelh_n karreg_n which_o be_v seat_v on_o a_o steep_a and_o on_o all_o side_n inaccessible_a rock_n and_o several_a vast_a cavern_n cavern_n cavern_n b_o now_o all_o cover_v with_o green_a turf_n where_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n such_o as_o be_v unfit_a for_o arm_n be_v think_v to_o have_v secure_v themselves_o a_o notable_a fountain_n also_o which_o as_o giraldus_n write_v ebb_a and_o flow_v twice_o in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n imitate_v the_o sea-tide_n on_o the_o north_n be_v extend_v cantrev_n mawr_z or_o the_o great_a hundred_o a_o safe_a retire_a place_n heretofore_o for_o the_o britain_n as_o be_v very_o woody_a and_o rocky_a and_o full_a of_o uncouth_a way_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wind_a of_o the_o hill_n on_o the_o south_n the_o castle_n of_o talcharn_n talcharn_n talcharn_n and_o lhan_n stephan_n stephan_n lhan_n stephan_n stand_v on_o the_o sea-rock_n and_o be_v ample_a testimony_n of_o warlike_a prowess_n as_o well_o in_o the_o english_a as_o britain_n below_o talcharn_n the_o river_n tâv_n river_n brit._n tâv_n taff_n be_v discharge_v into_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o which_o river_n be_v famous_a heretofore_o tie_v gwyn_n be_v dav_n which_o signify_v the_o white_a house_n on_o the_o river_n taff_n so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v build_v of_o white_a hasel-rod_n for_o a_o summer-house_n here_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 914._o howel_n good_a howel_n surname_v dha_n that_o be_v good_a surname_v the_o good_a prince_n of_o wales_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n there_o be_v beside_o layman_n 140_o ecclesiastic_n abrogate_a the_o law_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o give_v new_a law_n to_o his_o people_n as_o the_o preface_n before_o those_o law_n testify_v d_o in_o which_o place_n a_o small_a monastery_n be_v build_v afterward_o call_v witland-abbey_n abbey_n witland_n abbey_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v kilmaen_n lhwyd_n where_o some_o countryman_n late_o discover_v a_o earthen_a vessel_n that_o contain_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o roman_a coin_n coin_n roman_n coin_n of_o embase_v silver_n from_o the_o time_n of_o commodus_n who_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n that_o embase_v silver_n to_o the_o five_o tribuneship_n of_o gordian_a the_o three_o which_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 243._o among_o these_o be_v helvius_n pertinax_n marcus_n opellius_n antoninus_n diadumenianus_n julius_n verus_n maximus_n the_o son_n of_o maximinus_n caelius_n balbinus_n clodius_n pupienus_n aquilia_n severa_n the_o wife_n of_o elagabalus_n and_o sall._n barbia_n orbiana_n which_o as_o be_v very_o rare_a be_v coin_n of_o considerable_a value_n among_o antiquary_n e_fw-la it_o remain_v now_o that_o i_o give_v some_o account_n of_o newcastle_n new-â—â—â—â—â—e_a new-â—â—â—â—â—e_a a_o small_a town_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n teivi_n which_o divide_v this_o county_n from_o cardiganshire_n for_o so_o they_o now_o call_v it_o because_o it_o be_v repair_v by_o thomas_n by_o sir_n rhise_n ap_fw-mi thomas_n rhÅ·_n ap_fw-mi thomas_n a_o stout_a warrior_n who_o assist_v hen._n 7._o in_o gain_v his_o kingdom_n and_o be_v by_o he_o deserve_o create_v knight_n of_o the_o garter_n whereas_o former_o it_o be_v call_v emâ—â—_n call_v vâ—â—â—_n emâ—â—_n elmlin_n which_o name_n if_o the_o english_a give_v it_o from_o elm-tree_n their_o conjecture_n be_v not_o to_o be_v despise_v who_o be_v of_o opinion_n it_o be_v the_o loventium_fw-la â—â—_o loâ—en_v â—â—_o of_o the_o dimetae_n mention_v by_o ptolemy_n for_o a_o elm_n be_v call_v in_o british_a lhwyven_v f_o see_v we_o find_v it_o not_o record_v which_o of_o the_o norman_n first_o extort_a this_o country_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n order_n require_v that_o we_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o description_n of_o pembrokeshire_n this_o county_n have_v 87_o parish_n addition_n to_o caermardhinshire_n asleep_o merlin_n or_o merdhin_a emry_n for_o so_o our_o writer_n call_v he_o flourish_v an._n 480._o the_o first_o of_o our_o historian_n that_o mention_n he_o be_v etc._n be_v eulogium_fw-la brit._n c._n 42._o etc._n etc._n ninnius_n who_o suppose_v he_o be_v call_v embrey_n gleutic_a he_o say_v nothing_o of_o his_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o incubus_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n tell_v we_o express_o his_o mother_n be_v afraid_a of_o own_v the_o father_n lest_o she_o shall_v be_v sentence_v to_o die_v for_o it_o but_o that_o the_o boy_n confess_v to_o king_n vortigern_n that_o his_o father_n be_v by_o nation_n a_o roman_a the_o same_o author_n inform_v we_o that_o king_n vortigern_n messenger_n find_v he_o ad_fw-la campum_fw-la electi_fw-la in_o region_fw-la quae_fw-la voco_fw-la glevise_v which_o whether_o it_o be_v at_o this_o town_n or_o county_n or_o in_o some_o other_o place_n seem_v very_o questionable_a no_o place_n that_o i_o can_v hear_v of_o be_v know_v by_o such_o name_n at_o present_a all_o the_o monkish_a writer_n that_o mention_v he_o make_v he_o either_o a_o prophet_n or_o magician_n but_o h._n lhwyd_n 65._o lhwyd_n com._n brit._n descript_n p._n 65._o a_o judicious_a author_n and_o very_o conversant_a in_o british_a antiquity_n inform_v we_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o extraordinary_a learning_n and_o prudence_n for_o the_o time_n he_o live_v in_o and_o that_o for_o some_o skill_n in_o the_o mathematics_n many_o fable_n be_v invent_v of_o he_o by_o the_o vulgar_a which_o be_v afterward_o put_v in_o writing_n be_v hand_v down_o to_o posterity_n b_o these_o cavern_n take_v notice_n of_o by_o our_o author_n be_v suppose_v by_o some_o inquisitive_a person_n who_o have_v often_o view_v they_o to_o have_v be_v coppermine_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o indeed_o see_v it_o be_v evident_a from_o some_o antiquity_n find_v there_o that_o kaer-gai_a in_o meirionydhshire_n be_v a_o roman_a town_n or_o fort_n and_o that_o the_o place_n where_o these_o cave_n be_v be_v also_o call_v kaio_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o infer_v from_o the_o name_n that_o this_o place_n must_v have_v be_v likewise_o well_o know_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o i_o may_v note_v this_o by_o the_o way_n i_o suspect_v most_o name_n of_o place_n in_o wales_n that_o end_n in_o ay_o or_o o._n such_o as_o bodvari_a keun_a korwyni_n kaer-gai_a lhannio_n keidio_n and_o kaio_n to_o be_v roman_a name_n such_o termination_n be_v not_o so_o agreeable_a with_o the_o idiotism_n of_o the_o british_a but_o for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o place_n we_o need_v not_o whole_o rely_v upon_o conjecture_n for_o i_o have_v late_o receive_v from_o mr._n erasmus_n saunders_n a._n b._n of_o jesus_n college_n oxon._n these_o follow_a inscription_n which_o he_o copy_v from_o two_o stone_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pant_v y_o pòlion_n in_o this_o parish_n the_o first_o which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v roman_a lie_v flat_a on_o the_o ground_n and_o be_v place_v across_o a_o gutter_n but_o the_o other_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o somewhat_o a_o late_a date_n be_v pitch_v on_o end_n and_o be_v about_o a_o yard_n in_o height_n the_o inscription_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v read_v downward_o c_o i_o can_v conjecture_v what_o may_v be_v the_o original_a signification_n of_o this_o word_n tâv_n but_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a our_o observation_n that_o the_o most_o note_a river_n in_o south-wales_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v thence_o denominate_v for_o beside_o that_o there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o river_n of_o that_o name_n the_o first_o syllable_n also_o in_o tawy_n towy_a teivi_n and_o dyvi_n seem_v to_o i_o but_o so_o many_o various_a pronunciation_n of_o it_o and_o for_o the_o latter_a syllable_n i_o have_v *_o elsewhere_o offer_v my_o conjecture_n 〈◊〉_d r._n 〈◊〉_d anâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o only_o denote_v a_o river_n or_o perhaps_o water_n nor_o will_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o absurd_a if_o any_o shall_v derive_v the_o name_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n from_o the_o same_o original_n for_o since_o we_o find_v it_o pretty_a evident_a that_o the_o roman_n change_v dyve_v the_o ancient_a name_n of_o this_o country_n into_o dimetia_n and_o kynedhav_n a_o man_n name_n into_o †_o cunotamus_n pâ—â—â—â—â—shire_n 〈◊〉_d use_v â—â—â—â—â—n_v pâ—â—â—â—â—shire_n and_o also_o that_o in_o many_o word_n where_o the_o latin_n use_v a_o m._n the_o britain_n have_v a_o v._o as_o firmus_n firv_n terminus_n tervin_n amnis_fw-la avon_n lima_n lhîv_n etc._n etc._n it_o seem_v not_o unlikely_a consider_v we_o find_v the_o word_n tâv_n usual_a in_o the_o name_n of_o our_o river_n that_o the_o britain_n might_n call_v that_o river_n tâv_n tà uwy_o or_o tà uwys_n before_o the_o roman_a conquest_n which_o they_o afterward_o call_v tamesis_n do_v a_o ancient_a ms._n copy_n
afterward_o receive_v into_o favour_n by_o the_o english_a have_v all_o his_o land_n restore_v to_o he_o notwithstanding_o this_o owen_n return_v again_o to_o his_o old_a bias_n and_o raise_v new_a trouble_n be_v slay_v by_o girald_n of_o penbroke_a who_o wife_n nesta_n he_o have_v carry_v away_o his_o father_n be_v carry_v prisoner_n into_o england_n expect_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o better_a change_n of_o fortune_n and_o be_v at_o last_o in_o his_o old_a age_n restore_v to_o his_o own_o be_v unexpected_o and_o on_o a_o sudden_a stab_v by_o his_o nephew_n madok_v after_o that_o roger_n de_fw-fr clare_n receive_v cardiganshire_n by_o the_o munificence_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o but_o richard_n earl_n of_o clare_n his_o son_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o be_v slay_v whilst_o he_o be_v come_v hither_o by_o land_n rhÅ·s_o prince_n of_o south-wales_n have_v with_o his_o victorious_a army_n make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o english_a reduce_v it_o at_o last_o under_o his_o subjection_n however_o it_o fall_v afterward_o by_o degree_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a it_o contain_v 64_o parish-church_n addition_n to_o cardiganshire_n asleep_o that_o this_o country_n be_v subject_a to_o king_n caractacus_n seem_v not_o evident_a from_o any_o place_n in_o tacitus_n or_o other_o author_n for_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o name_n of_o those_o country_n under_o his_o dominion_n unless_o we_o may_v presume_v the_o silures_n his_o subject_n from_o these_o word_n of_o tacitus_n annal._n lib._n xii_o itum_fw-la inde_fw-la in_o siluras_fw-la super_fw-la propriam_fw-la ferociam_fw-la caractaci_n viribus_fw-la confisos_fw-la quem_fw-la multa_fw-la ambigua_fw-la multa_fw-la prospera_fw-la extulerant_fw-la ut_fw-la caeteros_fw-la britannorum_fw-la imperatores_fw-la praemineret_fw-la etc._n etc._n moreover_o though_o we_o shall_v grant_v he_o to_o have_v be_v king_n of_o the_o dimetae_n yet_o such_o as_o aâ—e_v concern_v for_o the_o ancient_a reputation_n of_o this_o country_n may_v fair_o urge_v that_o though_o they_o accept_v of_o the_o authority_n of_o zonaras_n who_o live_v a_o thousand_o year_n after_o yet_o nothing_o can_v be_v collect_v from_o that_o speech_n of_o caractacus_n that_o may_v prove_v this_o country_n to_o have_v be_v more_o poor_o inhabit_v in_o those_o time_n than_o other_o province_n see_v he_o only_o speak_v in_o general_a of_o the_o country_n in_o his_o dominion_n and_o that_o we_o find_v by_o his_o speech_n in_o tacitus_n that_o he_o be_v plurium_fw-la gentium_fw-la imperator_fw-la prince_n or_o sovereign_a of_o many_o country_n hengwit_n ms._n of_o mr._n r._n vaughan_n of_o hengwit_n b_o the_o synod_n for_o suppression_n of_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n be_v hold_v about_o the_o year_n 522._o for_o we_o find_v in_o some_o british_a record_n that_o st._n dubricius_n archbishop_n of_o caer-lheion_a have_v assist_v at_o the_o synod_n and_o resign_v his_o bishopric_n to_o st._n david_n betake_v himself_o that_o year_n together_o with_o most_o of_o the_o clergy_n that_o have_v convene_v on_o that_o occasion_n to_o a_o monastery_n at_o ynys_n enlhi_n island_n enlhi_n bardsey_n island_n where_o be_v free_a from_o the_o noise_n of_o the_o world_n they_o may_v with_o less_o interruption_n devote_v the_o remainder_n of_o their_o life_n to_o god_n service_n of_o this_o retirement_n of_o st._n dubricius_n and_o his_o follower_n mention_n be_v make_v also_o by_o a_o eminent_a poet_n bard_n poet_n aâ—â—â—_n gatrâ—â—_n aâ—â—â—_n gwâ—â—druâ—â—â—_n mycâ—â—â—â—_n bâ—irdh_n ancâ—â—â—â—_n satyrâ—â—_n king_n oâ—_n bard_n of_o that_o age_n in_o these_o word_n pan_n oedh_fw-mi saint_n senedh_fw-mi bhrevi_n drwy_a arch_n y_fw-fr prophwydi_fw-la be_v ôl_a gwiw_n brege_v dewi_n yn_n myned_fw-we i_o ynys_n enlhi_n etc._n etc._n at_o this_o church_n of_o lhan_n dhewi_n brevi_fw-la i_o observe_v a_o ancient_a inscription_n on_o a_o tombstone_n which_o be_v doubtless_o remove_v from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v first_o lay_v it_o be_v place_v now_o above_o the_o chancel_n door_n but_o the_o mason_n that_o lay_v it_o there_o have_v so_o little_a regard_n to_o the_o inscription_n that_o two_o or_o three_o word_n be_v hide_v in_o the_o wall_n which_o render_v the_o epitaph_n not_o whole_o intelligible_a however_o it_o may_v not_o perhaps_o be_v amiss_o if_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o remain_v of_o it_o in_o sight_n see_v it_o be_v probable_o such_o a_o epitaph_n as_o may_v become_v that_o martyr_a bishop_n of_o lhanbadarn_a who_o as_o giraldus_n inform_v we_o be_v barbarous_o murder_v by_o some_o profane_a wretch_n of_o his_o diocese_n for_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o conjecture_v it_o may_v bear_v this_o sense_n hic_fw-la iaceo_fw-la idnert_n alias_o idnerth_n filius_fw-la i_o ......._o qui_fw-fr occisus_fw-la fuit_fw-la propter_fw-la pietatem_fw-la &_o sanctitatem_fw-la but_o i_o have_v rather_o such_o as_o have_v opportunity_n of_o do_v it_o will_v satisfy_v their_o curiosity_n by_o cause_v some_o stone_n under_o it_o to_o be_v remove_v and_o so_o read_v the_o whole_a inscription_n than_o that_o they_o shall_v rely_v on_o my_o conjecture_n there_o be_v also_o another_o old_a inscription_n on_o a_o stone_n erect_v by_o the_o church_n door_n on_o the_o outside_n which_o seem_v as_o well_o as_o some_o other_o on_o cross_n to_o consist_v whole_o of_o abbreviation_n what_o it_o may_v import_v i_o shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o explain_v but_o shall_v add_v nevertheless_o a_o copy_n of_o it_o leave_v the_o signification_n to_o the_o reader_n be_v conjecture_n the_o sexton_n of_o this_o place_n show_v i_o a_o rarity_n by_o the_o name_n of_o matkorn_n your_o Å·ch_n bannog_v or_o matkorn_n Å·ch_v dewi_n which_o he_o tell_v i_o have_v be_v preserve_v there_o ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o st._n david_n add_v the_o fabulous_a tradition_n of_o the_o ox_n call_v ychen_n bannog_v which_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o as_o be_v no_o news_n to_o such_o as_o live_v in_o wales_n nor_o material_a information_n to_o other_o this_o matkorn_n however_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_a remarkable_a curiosity_n for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o real_o as_o the_o name_n imply_v the_o interior_a horn_n of_o a_o ox_n it_o very_o much_o resemble_v it_o and_o yet_o be_v so_o weighty_a that_o it_o seem_v absolute_o petrify_v it_o be_v full_a of_o large_a cell_n or_o hole_n and_o the_o circumference_n of_o it_o at_o the_o root_n be_v about_o 17_o inch_n whilst_o i_o be_v copy_v the_o inscription_n abovementioned_a a_o countryman_n tell_v i_o there_o be_v another_o at_o a_o house_n call_v lhannio_n îsav_v in_o this_o parish_n distant_a about_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o church_n be_v come_v thither_o i_o find_v these_o two_o inscription_n and_o be_v inform_v that_o several_a other_o have_v be_v discover_v by_o dig_v but_o that_o the_o stone_n be_v apply_v to_o some_o use_n and_o the_o inscription_n not_o regard_v the_o first_o i_o read_v caij_fw-la artij_fw-la manibus_fw-la aut_fw-la fortè_fw-la memoriae_fw-la ennius_n primus_n another_o roman_a epitaph_n circumscribe_v with_o line_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o this_o be_v may_v be_v see_v in_o reinesius_n synt._n inscr_n cl._n 3._o lxiv_o the_o letter_n c._n reverse_v as_o in_o the_o first_o place_n of_o this_o inscription_n denote_v frequent_o caia_n but_o sometime_o also_o caius_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o same_o author_n p._n 722._o c_o sempronio_n etc._n etc._n this_o note_n or_o character_n c_o add_v to_o the_o first_o five_o six_o and_o last_o letter_n be_v sometime_o observe_v in_o other_o roman_a inscription_n ‖_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o as_o for_o the_o second_o letter_n of_o this_o inscription_n we_o have_v frequent_a example_n on_o stone_n and_o coin_v of_o that_o form_n of_o the_o letter_n a._n in_o reinesius_n p._n 3._o we_o find_v this_o inscription_n herculi_n l._n artius_n etc._n etc._n which_o that_o learned_a critic_n direct_v we_o to_o read_v herculi_n lartius_n but_o see_v we_o find_v here_o also_o the_o name_n of_o artius_fw-la peradventure_o that_o correction_n be_v superfluous_a beside_o roman_a inscription_n they_o find_v here_o some_o time_n their_o coin_v and_o frequent_o dig_v up_o brick_n and_o large_a freestone_n neat_o wrought_v the_o place_n where_o these_o antiquity_n be_v find_v be_v call_v kae'r_o kestilh_n which_o signify_v castle-field_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o distinct_o the_o field_n of_o castle_n though_o at_o present_a there_o remain_v not_o above_o ground_n the_o least_o sign_n of_o any_o build_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o for_o what_o i_o can_v learn_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o any_o person_n now_o live_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n or_o of_o their_o father_n or_o grandfather_n however_o see_v it_o be_v thus_o call_v and_o that_o it_o afford_v also_o such_o manifest_a token_n of_o its_o be_v once_o inhabit_v by_o the_o roman_n we_o have_v little_a or_o no_o reason_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o they_o have_v a_o fort_n or_o garrison_n if_o not_o a_o considerable_a town_n
meirionydh_n shire_n this_o county_n though_o it_o be_v mountainous_a be_v yet_o in_o general_a a_o fertile_a country_n have_v fruitful_a vale_n as_o well_o for_o pasture_v as_o arable_a land_n and_o be_v former_o a_o breeder_n of_o excellent_a horse_n which_o as_o giraldus_n inform_v we_o be_v much_o esteem_v as_o well_o for_o their_o shape_n and_o stateliness_n †_o majestate_n membrous_a suà _fw-la majestate_n as_o incomparable_a swiftness_n at_o the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o this_o county_n westward_o where_o it_o end_v in_o a_o cone_n or_o sharp_a point_n lie_v machynlh_v machynl_v machynl_v the_o maglona_n â—aglona_fw-la â—aglona_fw-la perhaps_o of_o the_o roman_n where_o young_a where_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n the_o young_a in_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n the_o praefect_n of_o the_o solensians_n lie_v in_o garrison_n under_o the_o dux_n britanniae_fw-la in_o order_n to_o keep_v in_o subjection_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o mountainous_a tract_n and_o at_o 2_o mile_n distance_n near_o penalht_n â—rbis_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la â—orsum_fw-la â—rbis_fw-la we_o find_v a_o place_n call_v keun-ka_a ‖_o where_o they_o sometime_o dig_v up_o roman_a coin_n and_o where_o be_v see_v the_o footstep_n of_o a_o round_a wall_n of_o considerable_a extent_n asleep_o severn_n vâ—lgò_fw-la â—lyâ—hymâ—â—â—_n a_o reâ—â—â—_n pen_n â—â—â—man_n 〈◊〉_d c._n jugum_n â—â—xillare_v the_o fountainhead_n â—f_n severn_n five_o mile_n hence_o that_o mountain_n of_o †_o plinlimon_n i_o mention_v rise_v to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o on_o that_o side_n where_o it_o limit_n this_o county_n send_v out_o the_o river_n sabrina_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n hauren_n and_o in_o english_a seavern_n which_o next_o to_o thames_n be_v the_o most_o note_a river_n of_o britain_n whence_o it_o acquire_v that_o name_n i_o can_v never_o learn_v for_o that_o a_o virgin_n call_v sabrina_n be_v drown_v therein_o seem_v only_o a_o fable_n of_o jeffrey_n invention_n on_o who_o authority_n also_o a_o late_a poet_n build_v these_o verse_n in_o flumen_fw-la praecipitatur_fw-la abren_n nomen_fw-la abren_n fluvio_fw-la de_fw-la virgine_fw-la nomen_fw-la eidem_fw-la nomine_fw-la corrupto_fw-la deinde_fw-la sabrina_n datur_fw-la headlong_o be_v abren_n throw_v into_o the_o stream_n and_o hence_o the_o river_n take_v the_o virgin_n be_v name_n corrupt_v thence_o at_o last_o sabrina_n come_v this_o river_n have_v so_o many_o wind_n near_o its_o fountainhead_n that_o it_o seem_v often_o to_o return_v but_o proceed_v nevertheless_o or_o rather_o wander_v slow_o through_o this_o county_n shropshire_n worcestershire_n and_o last_o glocestershire_n and_o have_v throughout_o its_o whole_a course_n enrich_v the_o soil_n be_v at_o last_o discharge_v into_o the_o severn-sea_n in_o this_o county_n be_v shade_v with_o wood_n it_o take_v its_o course_n northward_o by_o lhan_n idlos_n idlos_n lhan_n idlos_n three_fw-mi '_o newydh_fw-mi or_o new_a town_n new-town_n new-town_n and_o kaer_n sŵ_v sws_n kaer_n sws_n which_o be_v report_v to_o be_v both_o ancient_a and_o to_o enjoy_v ancient_a privilege_n and_o not_o far_o from_o its_o bank_n on_o the_o east-side_n leave_v montgomery_n montgomery_n montgomery_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o this_o county_n seat_v on_o a_o rise_a rock_n have_v a_o pleasant_a plain_a under_o it_o it_o be_v build_v by_o baldwin_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o marsh_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n will._n 1._o whence_o the_o britain_n call_v it_o three_fw-mi '_o valdwin_n valdwyn_n three_fw-mi '_o valdwyn_n i.e._n baldwin_n town_n but_o the_o english_a montgomery_z from_o roger_n de_fw-fr mont_fw-fr gomery_n e._n of_o shrewsbury_n etc._n shrewsbury_n who_o win_v much_o land_n here_o from_o the_o welsh_a as_o we_o find_v in_o domesday_n etc._n etc._n who_o inheritance_n it_o be_v and_o who_o build_v the_o castle_n as_o we_o read_v in_o domesday-book_n though_o florilegus_n fabulous_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v call_v mons_fw-la gomericus_n from_o its_o situation_n by_o king_n henry_n 3._o after_o he_o have_v rebuilt_a it_o for_o the_o welsh_a have_v overthrow_v it_o put_v the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o year_n 1095._o after_o which_o it_o lay_v a_o long_a time_n neglect_v however_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o king_n henry_n 3._o grant_v 11._o anno_fw-la 11._o that_o the_o burrow_n of_o montgomery_n shall_v be_v a_o free_a burrough_n with_o other_o liberty_n name_n liberty_n now_o the_o epirote_n be_v here_o seat_v branch_a out_o from_o a_o brother_n of_o sir_n william_n herbert_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o penbroke_a of_o that_o name_n near_o this_o town_n corndon-hill_n corndon-hill_n corndon-hill_n rise_v to_o a_o considerable_a height_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o be_v place_v certain_a magifold_a certain_a common_o call_v magifold_a stone_n in_o form_n of_o a_o crown_n whence_o the_o name_n in_o memory_n perhaps_o of_o some_o victory_n c_o a_o little_a low_o the_o river_n 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river_n severn_n have_v leave_v these_o place_n wind_n itself_o by_o degree_n towards_o the_o east_n that_o it_o may_v the_o soon_o receive_v a_o small_a river_n call_v tanat_n myrnwy_n tanat_n l._n myrnwy_n wherewith_o be_v unite_v it_o enter_v shropshire_n i_o be_o full_o persuade_v because_o it_o seem_v a_o certain_a truth_n that_o the_o mediolanum_n mediolanum_n mediolanum_n of_o the_o ordovices_n celebrate_v by_o antoninus_n and_o ptolemy_n stand_v in_o this_o country_n the_o footstep_n whereof_o i_o have_v diligent_o endeavour_v to_o trace_v out_o though_o with_o no_o great_a success_n so_o far_o do_v age_n consume_v even_o the_o very_a skeleton_n and_o ruin_n of_o city_n however_o if_o we_o may_v conjecture_v from_o its_o situation_n see_v those_o town_n which_o antoninus_n place_n on_o each_o side_n be_v well_o know_v viz._n on_o one_o side_n bonium_n call_v now_o bangor_n by_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o on_o the_o other_o rutunium_n now_o rowton_n castle_n for_o he_o place_v it_o twelve_o italian_a mile_n from_o this_o and_o from_o the_o other_o twenty_o the_o line_n of_o position_n if_o we_o may_v so_o term_v they_o or_o rather_o of_o distance_n across_o each_o other_o betwixt_o mathraval_n and_o lhan_n vylhin_n which_o be_v scarce_o three_o mile_n asunder_o and_o in_o a_o manner_n demonstrate_v to_o we_o the_o situation_n of_o our_o mediolanum_n for_o this_o method_n of_o find_v out_o a_o three_o from_o two_o know_a place_n can_v deceive_v we_o when_o there_o be_v neither_o mountain_n interpose_v nor_o the_o turn_n of_o roads_n discontinue_v this_o mathraval_n mathraval_n mathraval_n lie_v five_o mile_n to_o the_o west_n of_o severn_n and_o which_o in_o some_o degree_n assert_v the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o though_o it_o be_v now_o but_o a_o bare_a name_n it_o be_v once_o the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o powy_n and_o be_v also_o note_v in_o author_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o prince_n leave_v it_o ponte_fw-la it_o de_fw-fr veteri_fw-la ponte_fw-la robert_z vipont_n a_o englishman_n build_v a_o castle_n therein_o but_o lhan_n vylhin_n vylhin_n lhan_n vylhin_n i.e._n the_o church_n of_o mylhin_n a_o small_a market-town_n though_o in_o respect_n of_o distance_n it_o be_v far_o off_o be_v yet_o as_o to_o affinity_n of_o name_n much_o near_a mediolanum_n for_o the_o word_n vylhin_n be_v by_o a_o propriety_n of_o the_o british_a only_o a_o variation_n of_o mylhin_n as_o kaer-vyrdhin_a from_o kaer_n and_o myrdhin_n and_o arvon_a from_o ar-môn_a nor_o be_v this_o name_n of_o mylhin_n or_o myllin_n more_o remote_a from_o mediolanum_n than_o either_o millano_n in_o italy_n le_fw-fr million_o in_o xantoigne_n or_o methlen_n in_o the_o low-countries_n all_o which_o as_o be_v general_o allow_v be_v former_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o mediolanum_n now_o whether_o of_o these_o conjecture_n come_v near_o the_o truth_n let_v the_o reader_n determine_v for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o only_o deliver_v my_o opinion_n if_o i_o shall_v affirm_v that_o this_o our_o mediolanum_n and_o those_o other_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o
pile_v they_o up_o in_o heap_n and_o burn_v they_o to_o ash_n which_o be_v afterward_o scatter_v on_o the_o land_n thus_o pare_v do_v so_o enrich_v they_o that_o it_o be_v scarce_o credible_a what_o quantity_n of_o rye_n they_o produce_v nor_o be_v this_o method_n of_o burn_v the_o ground_n any_o late_a invention_n but_o very_o ancient_a as_o appear_v out_o of_o virgil_n and_o horace_n among_o these_o hill_n be_v a_o place_n call_v kerig_n y_o drudion_n or_o druid-stone_n asleep_o and_o at_o voelas_n there_o be_v some_o small_a pillar_n inscribe_v with_o strange_a letter_n which_o some_o suspect_n to_o be_v the_o character_n use_v by_o the_o druid_n b_o not_o far_o from_o klokainog_n we_o read_v this_o inscription_n on_o a_o stone_n amillin_n tovisatoc_n c_o towards_o the_o vale_n where_o these_o mountain_n begin_v to_o be_v thin_a lie_v denbigh_n dâ—nâ—igh_n dâ—nâ—igh_n seat_v on_o a_o steep_a rock_n name_v former_o by_o the_o britain_n kled-uryn_n yn_v rhô_n which_o signify_v the_o craggy_a hill_n in_o ros_n for_o so_o they_o call_v that_o part_n of_o the_o county_n which_o k._n edw._n 1._o bestow_v with_o many_o other_o large_a possession_n on_o davidh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi grufydh_fw-mi brother_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n but_o he_o be_v soon_o after_o attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n and_o behead_v king_n edward_n grant_v it_o to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n who_o fortify_v it_o with_o a_o very_a strong_a wall_n though_o of_o a_o small_a circumference_n and_o on_o the_o southside_n with_o a_o castle_n adorn_v with_o high_a tower_n but_o his_o only_a son_n be_v unfortunate_o drown_v in_o the_o castle-well_a he_o be_v so_o much_o grieve_v thereat_o that_o he_o desist_v from_o the_o work_n leave_v it_o unfinished_a after_o his_o decease_n this_o town_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o inheritance_n descend_v by_o his_o daughter_n alice_n to_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n from_o who_o also_o when_o that_o family_n decay_v it_o devolve_v first_o by_o the_o bounty_n of_o king_n edw._n 2._o to_o hugh_n spenser_n and_o afterward_o to_o roger_n mortimer_n winchester_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o winchester_n by_o covenant_n with_o king_n edw._n 3._o for_o his_o arm_n be_v see_v on_o the_o chief_a gate_n but_o he_o be_v sentence_v to_o die_v and_o execute_v it_o etc._n it_o with_o the_o cantred_n of_o ross_n and_o riewiâ—ock_n etc._n etc._n fall_v to_o william_n montacute_n salisbury_n montacute_n after_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n mortimer_n salisbury_n for_o surprise_v of_o mortimer_n though_o soon_o after_o restore_v to_o the_o mortimer_n and_o by_o these_o at_o length_n come_v to_o the_o house_n of_o york_n for_o we_o read_v that_o out_o of_o malice_n to_o k._n edw._n 4._o who_o be_v of_o that_o house_n this_o town_n suffer_v much_o by_o those_o of_o the_o family_n of_o lancaster_n since_o which_o time_n either_o because_o the_o inhabitant_n dislike_v the_o situation_n of_o it_o for_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o place_n be_v no_o way_n convenient_a or_o else_o because_o it_o be_v not_o well_o serve_v with_o water_n they_o remove_v hence_o by_o degree_n insomuch_o that_o the_o old_a town_n be_v now_o desert_v and_o a_o new_a one_o much_o large_a spring_v up_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o be_v so_o populous_a that_o the_o church_n not_o be_v large_a enough_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o have_v now_o begin_v to_o build_v a_o new_a one_o where_o the_o old_a town_n stand_v partly_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o their_o lord_n robert_n earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o partly_o with_o the_o money_n contribute_v for_o that_o use_n by_o several_a well-disposed_a person_n throughout_o england_n this_o robert_n earl_n of_o leicester_n be_v create_v baron_n of_o denbigh_n by_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o the_o year_n 1566_o beget_v 1566_o to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o beget_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o barony_n in_o england_n that_o have_v more_o gentleman_n hold_v thereof_o in_o see_v we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o county_n câ—ry_n drâ—â—â—_n câ—ry_n where_o nature_n have_v remove_v the_o mountain_n on_o all_o hand_n to_o show_v we_o what_o she_o can_v do_v in_o a_o rough_a country_n have_v spread_v out_o a_o most_o pleasant_a vale_n extend_v from_o south_n to_o north_n 17_o mile_n and_o about_o 5_o in_o breadth_n it_o lie_v open_a only_o to_o the_o ocean_n and_o to_o the_o bâ—â—â—_n the_o â—â—râ—_n bâ—â—â—_n clear_n northwind_n be_v elsewhere_o guard_v with_o high_a mountain_n which_o towards_o the_o east_n especial_o be_v like_o battlement_n or_o turret_n for_o by_o a_o admirable_a artifice_n of_o nature_n the_o top_n of_o these_o mountain_n seem_v to_o resemble_v the_o turret_n of_o wall_n among_o they_o the_o high_a be_v call_v moel_n enlhi_n at_o the_o top_n whereof_o i_o observe_v a_o military_a fence_n or_o rampire_n do_v and_o a_o very_a clear_a spring_n this_o vale_n be_v exceed_o healthy_a fruitful_a and_o afford_v a_o pleasant_a prospect_n the_o complexion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n bright_a and_o cheerful_a their_o head_n of_o a_o sound_a constitution_n their_o sight_n very_o lively_a and_o even_o their_o old_a age_n vigorous_a and_o last_a the_o green_a meadow_n the_o cornfield_n and_o the_o numerous_a village_n and_o church_n in_o this_o vale_n afford_v we_o the_o most_o pleasant_a prospect_n imaginable_a the_o river_n clwyd_n clwyâ—â—_n clwyâ—â—_n from_o the_o very_a fountainhead_n run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o receive_v on_o each_o side_n a_o great_a number_n of_o rivulet_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o have_v be_v former_o call_v ystrad_n klwyd_n for_o marianus_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o king_n of_o the_o strad-cluid-welsh_a and_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v call_v dyffryn_n klwyd_n i.e._n the_o vale_n of_o cluid_fw-la where_o annâ—â—_n see_v caâ—_n naâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d annâ—â—_n as_o some_o author_n have_v deliver_v certain_a britain_n come_n out_o of_o scotland_n plant_v a_o kingdom_n have_v first_o drive_v out_o the_o english_a which_o be_v seat_v there_o in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o vale_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n lie_v the_o town_n of_o ruthin_n in_o welsh_a rhuthyn_n the_o great_a market_n in_o the_o vale_n and_o a_o very_a populous_a town_n famous_n not_o long_o since_o for_o a_o stately_a castle_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o a_o very_a numerous_a family_n both_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v build_v etc._n build_v by_o reginald_n grey_n to_o who_o k._n eaw_n 1._o grant_v it_o and_o roger_n etc._n etc._n by_o roger_n grey_n with_o permission_n of_o the_o king_n the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n and_o the_o rector_n of_o lhan_n rhûdh_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o that_o parish_n to_o this_o roger_n grey_n in_o consideration_n of_o his_o service_n against_o the_o welsh_a king_n edward_z 1._o grant_v almost_o the_o whole_a vale_n and_o this_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o posterity_n who_o flourish_v under_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o kent_n till_o the_o time_n of_o richard_n grey_n earl_n of_o kent_n and_o lord_n of_o ruthin_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o have_v no_o regard_n to_o his_o brother_n henry_n sell_v this_o ancient_a inheritance_n to_o king_n henry_n 7._o since_o which_o time_n the_o castle_n have_v daily_o decay_v of_o late_o through_o the_o bounty_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n it_o belong_v to_o ambrose_n earl_n of_o warwick_n together_o with_o large_a revenue_n in_o this_o vale._n have_v ascend_v eastward_o out_o of_o this_o valley_n we_o come_v to_o iâl_v a_o small_a mountainous_a tract_n of_o a_o very_a high_a situation_n if_o compare_v with_o the_o neighbour_a country_n for_o no_o river_n run_v into_o it_o from_o any_o other_o country_n though_o it_o pour_v out_o several_a upon_o account_n of_o this_o high_a situation_n it_o be_v a_o very_a rough_a and_o bleak_a country_n and_o much_o subject_n to_o wind_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o may_v receive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o small_a river_n alen_n which_o spring_v up_o in_o this_o country_n by_o undermine_v the_o earth_n hide_v itself_o in_o one_o or_o two_o place_n these_o mountain_n be_v well_o store_v with_o ox_n sheep_n and_o goat_n and_o the_o valley_n in_o some_o place_n be_v pretty_a fertile_a in_o corn_n especial_o on_o the_o east_n part_n on_o this_o side_n alen_n but_o the_o western_a be_v somewhat_o barren_a and_o in_o some_o place_n mere_a heath_n and_o desert_n it_o have_v nothing_o in_o it_o memorable_a except_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o small_a monastery_n decay_v monastery_n now_o whole_o decay_v seat_v very_o pleasant_o in_o a_o valley_n which_o among_o woody_a hill_n be_v extend_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n whence_o it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o vale-crucis_a â—e-â—â—is_a â—e-â—â—is_a whereas_o in_o british_n it_o be_v call_v lhan_n gwest_n eastward_o of_o iâl_n the_o territory_n of_o maelor_n gymraeg_n or_o welsh_a maelor_n call_v in_o english_a bromfield_n be_v
sphaera_fw-la to_o be_v bear_v in_o it_o but_o it_o be_v more_o remarkable_a for_o the_o parochial_a the_o it_o have_v in_o it_o twelve_o chapel_n subject_a to_o the_o mother-church_n of_o halifax_n then_o whereof_o be_v parochial_a unusual_a extent_n and_o largeness_n of_o the_o parish_n which_o have_v under_o it_o eleven_o chapel_n two_o whereof_z be_v parochial_a and_o about_o twelve_o thousand_o man_n in_o it_o so_o that_o the_o parishioner_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v they_o can_v reckon_v more_o man_n in_o their_o parish_n than_o any_o kind_n of_o animal_n whatsoever_o whereas_o in_o the_o most_o populous_a and_o fruitful_a place_n of_o england_n elsewhere_o one_o shall_v find_v thousand_o of_o sheep_n but_o so_o few_o man_n in_o proportion_n that_o one_o will_v think_v they_o have_v give_v place_n to_o sheep_n and_o ox_n or_o be_v devour_v by_o they_o but_o of_o all_o other_o nothing_o be_v so_o admirable_a in_o this_o town_n as_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o 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moâ—iton_n and_o lancaste_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o â—ngâ—and_n confirm_v by_o charter_n all_o the_o liberty_n which_o he_o â—ad_v grant_v to_o the_o burgess_n of_o bristol_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o 36th_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o bailiff_n of_o the_o village_n of_o lancaster_n that_o plea_n and_o session_n shall_v be_v hold_v no_o where_o else_o but_o there_o the_o latitude_n of_o this_o place_n not_o to_o omit_v it_o be_v 54_o degree_n 5_o minute_n and_o the_o longitude_n 20_o degree_n 48_o minute_n from_o the_o top_n of_o this_o hill_n while_o i_o look_v all_o round_a to_o see_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o loan_n which_o empty_v itself_o not_o much_o low_a i_o see_v forness_n â—ournesse_n â—ournesse_n the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o county_n on_o the_o west_n which_o be_v almost_o sever_v from_o it_o by_o the_o sea_n for_o whereas_o the_o shore_n lie_v out_o a_o great_a way_n from_o hence_o westward_o into_o the_o ocean_n the_o sea_n as_o if_o it_o be_v enrage_v at_o it_o cease_v not_o to_o slash_v and_o mangle_v it_o nay_o it_o swallow_v it_o quite_o up_o at_o some_o boisterous_a tide_n or_o other_o and_o thereby_o have_v make_v three_o large_a bay_n namely_o kentsand_n which_o receive_v the_o river_n ken_n levensand_n duddensand_n between_o which_o the_o land_n shoot_v oâ—t_v so_o much_o like_o a_o promontory_n into_o the_o sea_n that_o this_o 〈◊〉_d oâ—_n the_o county_n take_v its_o name_n from_o it_o 〈…〉_o and_o foreland_n signify_v the_o same_o with_o we_o that_o proâ—â—â—â—tortâ—â—_n anterius_fw-la that_o be_v a_o fore-promontory_n do_v in_o latiâ—_n l_o the_o whole_a tract_n except_o by_o the_o seaside_n be_v all_o high_a mountain_n and_o great_a rock_n they_o call_v they_o fornâ—ss-fâ—lls_a â—â—rnâ—sâ—e-fells_n â—â—rnâ—sâ—e-fells_n among_o which_o the_o britain_n live_v secure_o for_o a_o long_a time_n rely_v upon_o the_o fortification_n wherewith_o nature_n have_v guard_v they_o though_o nothing_o 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the_o britain_n in_o these_o part_n be_v the_o setantii_n for_o among_o those_o mountain_n lie_v the_o great_a lake_n in_o england_n now_o call_v winander-mere_a winamâ—â—rmere_n winamâ—â—rmere_n in_o saxon_a winÆ¿adremer_n perhaps_o from_o the_o wind_n in_o it_o about_o ten_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o bottom_n pave_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o continue_a rock_n wonderful_a deep_a in_o some_o place_n as_o the_o neighbour_a inhabitant_n tell_v you_o and_o well_o store_v with_o a_o sort_n of_o fish_n no_o where_o else_o breed_v maâ—â—â—_n see_v the_o aâ—dâ—â—â—â—ns_n tâ—_n wâ—â—tmâ—â—land_n câ—are_v a_o fiâ—h_n history_n â—f_n maâ—â—â—_n which_o they_o call_v chare_fw-la m_o upon_o this_o lake_n stand_v a_o little_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n where_o in_o the_o year_n 792._o eathr_v king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n slay_v the_o son_n of_o king_n elfwold_n after_o he_o have_v take_v they_o from_o york_n that_o by_o his_o own_o wickedness_n and_o their_o blood_n he_o may_v secure_v himself_o in_o the_o kingdom_n between_o this_o lake_n and_o the_o river_n dudden_n be_v the_o promontory_n we_o common_o call_v forness_n with_o the_o island_n walney_n like_o a_o counterscarp_n lie_v along_o by_o it_o and_o a_o small_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n between_o the_o entry_n to_o it_o be_v ruinate_v be_v this_o fort_n be_v quite_o ruinate_v defend_v by_o a_o fort_n call_v the_o pile_n of_o fouldrey_n fâ—uldâ—eâ—_n piâ—e_a 〈◊〉_d fâ—uldâ—eâ—_n situate_v upon_o a_o rock_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o water_n and_o build_v by_o the_o abbot_n of_o forness_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o upon_o the_o promontory_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o ruin_n of_o forness-abbey_n monk_n forness-abbey_n of_o câ—stercian_n monk_n â—â—sâ—â—nâ—_n lâ—b_n f_o â—â—sâ—â—nâ—_n which_o stephen_n earl_n of_o bullen_n afterward_o k._n of_o england_n build_v in_o the_o year_n 1127._o in_o a_o place_n former_o call_v bekensgill_n or_o translate_v it_o rather_o from_o tulket_n in_o anderness_n out_o of_o the_o monk_n of_o this_o place_n and_o no_o where_o else_o as_o they_o themselves_o have_v relate_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n which_o lie_v over_o against_o it_o be_v wont_v by_o a_o ancient_a custom_n to_o be_v choose_v this_o be_v the_o mother_n as_o it_o be_v of_o several_a monastery_n both_o in_o that_o island_n and_o in_o ireland_n n_o more_o to_o the_o east_n stand_v aldingham_n aldâ—â—ghâ—â—_n aldâ—â—ghâ—â—_n the_o ancient_a estate_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o harrington_n hâ—â—â—â—gtâ—â—s_n hâ—â—â—â—gtâ—â—s_n to_o who_o it_o come_v from_o the_o fleming_n by_o the_o cancefeld_n and_o who_o inheritance_n by_o a_o daughter_n go_v to_o william_n bonvill_n somersetshire_n bonvill_n of_o somersetshire_n of_o devonshire_n and_o by_o he_o at_o last_o to_o the_o grey_v marquess_n of_o dorset_n somewhat_o high_a lie_v ulverston_n ulâ—â—â—â—_n ulâ—â—â—â—_n to_o be_v mention_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o edward_n the_o three_o give_v a_o moiety_n of_o it_o to_o john_n coupland_n one_o of_o the_o most_o warlike_a man_n of_o that_o age_n who_o he_o also_o advance_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o banneret_n for_o take_v david_n the_o second_o king_n of_o scot_n prisoner_n in_o a_o battle_n at_o durham_n after_o his_o death_n the_o say_a king_n give_v it_o with_o other_o great_a estate_n in_o these_o part_n and_o with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o bedford_n to_o ingleram_n lord_n coucy_n a_o frenchman_n he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n isabel_n and_o his_o ancestor_n have_v be_v possess_v of_o great_a revenue_n in_o england_n in_o right_a of_o christian_a de_fw-fr lindseyâ—o_n â—o_z as_o for_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o lancaster_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o there_o be_v three_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o norman_a government_n who_o have_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o lancaster_n namely_o roger_n of_o poictou_n the_o son_n of_o roger_n montgomery_n surname_v pictavensis_n as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n say_v because_o his_o wife_n come_v out_o of_o poictou_n in_o france_n but_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o this_o honour_n for_o his_o disloyalty_n king_n stephen_n confer_v it_o upon_o his_o own_o son_n william_n earl_n of_o moriton_n and_o warren_n upon_o who_o death_n king_n richard_n the_o first_o bestow_v it_o upon_o john_n his_o brother_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o england_n for_o thus_o we_o find_v it_o in_o a_o ancient_a history_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o king_n richard_n show_v great_a affection_n for_o his_o brother_n john_n for_o beside_o ireland_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o moriton_n in_o normandy_n he_o bestow_v upon_o he_o such_o great_a preferment_n in_o england_n that_o he_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n a_o tetrarch_n there_o for_o he_o give_v he_o cornwall_n lancaster_n nottingham_n derby_n with_o the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n a_o pretty_a while_n after_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o son_n of_o king_n john_n
and_o all_o along_o the_o rivulet_n that_o run_v by_o the_o well_o for_o a_o mile_n or_o more_o this_o never_o degenerate_v into_o the_o common_a roman_a or_o french_a sorrel_n persicaria_n siliquosa_fw-la ger._n noli_fw-la i_o tangere_fw-la j._n b._n mercurialis_n sylvestris_fw-la noli_fw-la i_o tangere_fw-la dicta_fw-la sive_fw-la persicaria_n siliquosa_fw-la park_n balsamine_n lutea_fw-la sive_fw-la noli_fw-la i_o tangere_fw-la c._n b._n cod_v arsmart_v quick_a in_o hand_n touch_v i_o not_o i_o observe_v it_o grow_v plentiful_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o winander-mere_a near_o ambleside_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n rubia_n erecta_fw-la quadrifolia_fw-la j._n b._n cross-wort-mad_a near_a orton_n winander-mere_a and_o elsewhere_o in_o this_o county_n plentiful_o salix_fw-la folio_fw-la laureo_fw-la sive_fw-la lato_n glabro_fw-la odorato_fw-la p._n b._n bay-leaved_a sweet_a willow_n frequent_v by_o the_o river-side_n in_o the_o meadow_n among_o the_o mountain_n tormentilla_n argentea_fw-la park_n alpina_n folio_fw-la sericeo_fw-la c._n b._n pentaphyllum_fw-la seu_fw-la potiùs_fw-la heptaphyllum_fw-la argenteum_fw-la flore_fw-la muscoso_fw-la j._n b._n pentaphyllum_fw-la petrosum_fw-la heptaphyllum_fw-la clusii_n ger._n vera_fw-la &_o genuina_fw-la alchymillae_fw-la species_n est_fw-la cinquefoil_n ladies-mantle_n on_o the_o rock_n by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n call_v huls-water_n or_o as_o some_o write_v it_o ulles-water_n to_o these_o i_o may_v add_v lunaria_n minor_fw-la ramosa_fw-la &_o lunaria_n minor_fw-la foliis_fw-la dissectis_fw-la that_o be_v branch_a moon-wort_n and_o cut-leaved_a moon-wort_n both_o observe_v by_o mr._n lawson_n at_o great_a strickland_n though_o they_o be_v i_o suppose_v but_o accidental_a variety_n vitis_n idaea_n magna_fw-la sive_fw-la myrtillus_n grandis_fw-la j._n b._n the_o great_a billberry_n bush_n in_o the_o forest_n of_o whinfield_n mr._n lawson_n cumberland_n before_o westmoreland_n to_o the_o west_n be_v stretch_v out_o cumberland_n in_o latin_a cumbria_n the_o far_a county_n in_o this_o part_n of_o england_n as_o bound_v upon_o scotland_n to_o the_o north_n encompass_v by_o the_o irish-sea_n on_o the_o south_n and_o west_n and_o on_o the_o east_n above_o westmoreland_n border_v upon_o northumberland_n the_o name_n it_o have_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o be_v the_o true_a and_o genuine_a britain_n and_o call_v themselves_o in_o their_o own_o language_n kumbri_n and_o kambri_n for_o that_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o saxon_a war_n post_v themselves_o here_o for_o a_o long_a time_n we_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o our_o history_n and_o of_o marianus_n himself_o who_o call_v this_o county_n cumbrorum_n terra_fw-la i.e._n the_o land_n of_o the_o cumbri_n not_o to_o mention_v the_o many_o name_n of_o place_n pure_o british_n such_o be_v caer-luel_a caer-dronoc_a pen-rith_a pen-rodoc_a etc._n etc._n which_o be_v a_o plain_a evidence_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o a_o pregnant_a proof_n of_o my_o assertion_n asleep_o the_o country_n though_o the_o northern_a situation_n render_v it_o cold_a and_o the_o mountain_n rough_a and_o uneven_a have_v yet_o a_o variety_n which_o yield_v a_o prospect_n very_o agreeable_a it_o agreeable_a and_o give_v contenâ—ment_n to_o as_o many_o as_o travel_v it_o for_o after_o verrucosas_fw-la after_o verrucosas_fw-la swell_a rock_n and_o the_o crowd_v mountain_n big_a as_o it_o be_v with_o metal_n between_o which_o be_v lake_n store_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o wild_a fowl_n you_o come_v to_o rich_a hill_n clothe_v with_o flock_n of_o sheep_n and_o below_o they_o be_v spread_v out_o pleasant_a large_a plain_n which_o be_v tolerable_o fruitful_a the_o ocean_n also_o which_o beat_v upon_o this_o shore_n afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o the_o best_a fish_n and_o as_o it_o be_v upbraid_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o their_o idleness_n in_o not_o apply_v themselves_o close_a to_o the_o fish_n trade_n the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o county_n be_v call_v copeland_n copeland_n copeland_n and_o coupland_n because_o it_o rear_v up_o its_o head_n with_o sharp_a mountain_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n kopa_fw-mi or_o as_o other_o will_v have_v it_o copeland_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v copperland_n from_o the_o rich_a vein_n of_o copper_n in_o this_o part_n at_o the_o sandy_a mouth_n of_o the_o river_n duden_n by_o which_o it_o be_v divide_v from_o lancashire_n be_v millum_fw-la millum-castle_n millum-castle_n a_o castle_n of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o hodleston_n b_o from_o whence_o the_o shore_n wheel_v to_o the_o north_n come_v to_o ravenglas_n ravengâ—as_o ravengâ—as_o a_o harbour_n for_o ship_n and_o commodious_o surround_v with_o two_o river_n where_o as_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v be_v find_v roman_a inscription_n some_o will_v have_v it_o former_o call_v aven-glas_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v a_o caertâ—â—â—_n a_o caertâ—â—â—_n azure_a sky-coloured_a river_n and_o tell_v you_o abundance_n of_o story_n about_o one_o king_n eveling_n who_o have_v his_o palace_n here_o the_o one_o of_o these_o river_n esk_n rise_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o hardknott_n hard-kâ—â—t_a hard-kâ—â—t_a a_o steep_a ragged_a mountain_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o be_v late_o dig_v up_o huge_a stone_n and_o the_o foundation_n of_o a_o castle_n not_o without_o great_a admiration_n consider_v the_o mountain_n be_v so_o steep_a that_o one_o can_v hardly_o get_v up_o it_o c_o high_a up_o the_o little_a brook_n irt_n â—â—er_z irtâ—â—er_n â—â—er_z run_v into_o the_o sea_n wherein_o the_o shellfish_n gape_v and_o eager_o suck_v in_o its_o dewy_a stream_n conceive_v and_o bring_v forth_o pearl_n or_o to_o use_v the_o poet_n name_n shell-berry_n d_o pliny_n pearl_n see_v pliny_n these_o the_o inhabitant_n gather_v up_o at_o low_a water_n and_o the_o jeweller_n buy_v they_o of_o the_o poor_a people_n for_o a_o trifle_n but_o sell_v they_o at_o a_o good_a price_n of_o these_o and_o such_o like_a marbodaeus_n seem_v to_o speak_v in_o that_o verse_n of_o he_o gignit_fw-la &_o ensign_fw-la antiqua_fw-la britannia_fw-la baccas_fw-la and_o britain_n be_v ancient_a shore_n great_a pearl_n produce_v cumberland_n by_o robert_n morden_n from_o hence_o the_o shore_n run_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o the_o westward_o and_o make_v a_o small_a promontory_n common_o call_v s._n bee_n bee_n bee_n instead_o of_o s._n bega_n for_o bega_n a_o pious_a and_o religious_a irish_a virgin_n lead_v a_o solitary_a life_n there_o and_o to_o her_o sanctity_n they_o ascribe_v the_o miracle_n of_o tame_v a_o bull_n and_o of_o a_o deep_a snow_n that_o by_o her_o prayer_n fall_v on_o midsummer-day_n and_o cover_v the_o valley_n and_o top_n of_o mountain_n e_fw-la scarce_o a_o mile_n from_o hence_o be_v egremont-castle_n â—â—emont-â—â—stae_a â—â—emont-â—â—stae_a upon_o a_o hill_n former_o the_o seat_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr meschines_n upon_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o bestow_v it_o 〈…〉_o â—rds_n of_o â—â—eland_n 〈…〉_o to_o hold_v by_o one_o knight_n service_n who_o shall_v be_v ready_a upon_o the_o king_n summons_n to_o serve_v in_o the_o war_n of_o wales_n and_o scotland_n he_o leave_v a_o daughter_n the_o wife_n of_o william_n fitz-duncan_n of_o the_o blood-royal_a of_o scotland_n by_o who_o daughter_n also_o the_o estate_n come_v to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o lucy_n and_o from_o they_o by_o the_o moltons_n and_o fitz-walters_n the_o title_n of_o egremont_n descend_v to_o the_o radcliff_n earl_n of_o sussex_n notwithstanding_o thomas_n notwithstanding_o sir_n thomas_n th._n percy_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o enjoy_v that_o title_n for_o some_o time_n and_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n by_o the_o name_n of_o thomas_n percy_n of_o egremont_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o from_o s._n bee_n the_o shore_n draw_v itself_o in_o by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o ruin_n have_v be_v fortify_v by_o the_o roman_n in_o all_o such_o place_n as_o be_v convenient_a for_o land_v for_o this_o be_v the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o scot_n when_o like_o some_o deluge_n out_o of_o ireland_n they_o pour_v in_o upon_o our_o island_n meet_v with_o the_o great_a opposition_n upon_o this_o coast_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o little_a village_n moresby_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o be_v now_o a_o harbour_n for_o ship_n be_v one_o of_o these_o fort_n there_o be_v many_o remain_v of_o antiquity_n about_o it_o in_o the_o vault_n and_o foundation_n of_o building_n several_a cavern_n which_o they_o call_v picts-hole_n several_a piece_n of_o stone_n dig_v up_o with_o inscription_n upon_o one_o of_o they_o be_v lucius_n severinus_n ordinatus_n upon_o another_o coh_n vii_o and_o i_o see_v this_o altar_n late_o dig_v up_o there_o with_o a_o horn_a little_a image_n of_o silvanus_n saâ—â—_n â—e_v god_n â—â—us_o scond_v â—rt_n of_o â—gâ—nesâ—_n â—_z the_o â—aâ—d_n â—_o pomâ—_n m_o saâ—â—_n deo_fw-la sylvan_a coh_o i_o i._o ling_n cvi_o praee_n g._n pompeius_n m_o saturnin_n as_o also_o this_o fragment_n which_o be_v copy_v out_o and_o send_v i_o by_o mr._n j._n fletcher_n lord_n of_o the_o place_n ob_fw-la prospe_n ritatem_fw-la
in_o northumberland_n as_o for_o the_o odd_a story_n of_o the_o common_a people_n concern_v this_o wall_n i_o purposely_o omit_v they_o but_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o i_o will_v not_o keep_v from_o the_o reader_n because_o i_o have_v it_o confirm_v by_o person_n of_o good_a credit_n there_o be_v a_o persuasion_n among_o most_o of_o the_o neighbourhood_n hand_v down_o by_o tradition_n that_o the_o roman_a garrison_n upon_o the_o frontier_n plant_v in_o these_o part_n abundance_n of_o medicinal_a plant_n planâ—â—_n mediâ—â—_n planâ—â—_n for_o their_o own_o use_n whereupon_o the_o scotch_a empiric_n surgeon_n come_v to_o gather_v they_o every_o year_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n the_o virtue_n whereof_o have_v find_v by_o long_a experience_n they_o magnify_v very_o much_o and_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v very_o sovereign_a i_o addition_n to_o cumberland_n asleep_o cumberland_n in_o saxon_a cumbra_fw-mi land_n and_o cumerland_n and_o by_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n cumbreland_n though_o general_o think_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o ancient_a cambri_n be_v yet_o by_o a_o script_n a_o sâ—mâ—â—r_n in_o glâ—slar_n ad_fw-la x._o script_n late_a learned_a author_n fetch_v from_o our_o cumber_n with_o relation_n to_o the_o lake_n and_o mountain_n that_o encumber_v it_o and_o make_v it_o difficult_a for_o traveller_n to_o pass_v 5._o pass_v dugd._n bar._n vol._n 1._o p._n 5._o the_o county_n be_v not_o rate_v in_o domesday-book_n be_v in_o william_n the_o conqueror_n time_n miserable_o harass_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o scot_n b_o to_o go_v along_o with_o our_o author_n the_o first_o lord_n of_o millum_fw-la millum_fw-la millum_fw-la style_v themselves_o the_o millum_fw-la as_o william_n de_fw-fr millum_fw-la and_o henry_n de_fw-fr millum_fw-la about_o henry_n the_o first_o be_v time_o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o the_o heiress_n of_o adam_n de_fw-fr millum_fw-la transfer_v it_o by_o marriage_n to_o her_o husband_n john_n hudleston_n who_o posterity_n now_o enjoy_v it_o c_o the_o stone_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n upon_o hardknott_n hardknott_n hardknott_n be_v possible_o the_o ruin_n of_o some_o church_n or_o chapel_n build_v upon_o the_o mountain_n for_o wormius_n in_o his_o danish_a monument_n give_v instance_n of_o the_o like_a in_o denmark_n and_o it_o be_v think_v a_o extraordinary_a piece_n of_o devotion_n upon_o the_o plant_n of_o christianity_n in_o these_o part_n to_o erect_v cross_n and_o build_v chapel_n in_o the_o most_o eminent_a place_n as_o be_v both_o near_a heaven_n and_o more_o conspicuous_a they_o be_v common_o dedicate_v to_o st._n michael_n that_o large_a tract_n of_o mountain_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o county_n call_v cross-fells_n have_v the_o name_n give_v they_o upon_o that_o account_n for_o before_o they_o be_v call_v feinds-fell_a or_o devils-fell_a and_o dilston_n a_o small_a town_n under_o they_o be_v contract_v from_o devil_n town_n do_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n irt_n be_v the_o manor_n and_o town_n of_o irton_n iâ—ton_n iâ—ton_n or_o irtindale_n now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o ancient_a family_n of_o that_o name_n of_o which_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-fr irton_n bishop_n of_o carlisle_n a._n d._n 1280._o be_v a_o branch_n the_o muscle-pearl_n be_v frequent_o find_v in_o other_o river_n hereabout_o as_o also_o in_o wales_n and_o foreign_a country_n sir_n john_n narborough_n in_o his_o late_a voyage_n to_o the_o magellanick_n strait_n a._n d._n 1670._o tell_v we_o he_o meet_v with_o many_o of_o they_o there_o abundance_n of_o muscle_n say_v he_o pag._n 7._o and_o many_o seed_n pearl_n in_o every_o muscle_n and_o sir_n richard_n hawkins_n who_o have_v be_v there_o before_o he_o affirm_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o his_o observation_n print_v 1622._o p._n 88_o add_v also_o that_o the_o muscle_n be_v very_o good_a diet._n there_o be_v late_o a_o patent_n grant_v to_o some_o gentleman_n and_o other_o for_o pearl-fishing_a in_o this_o river_n but_o whether_o it_o will_v turn_v to_o any_o account_n be_v uncertain_a for_o they_o be_v not_o very_o plentiful_a here_o and_o if_o they_o be_v a_o valuable_a commodity_n they_o may_v be_v have_v in_o abundance_n and_o at_o no_o extraordinary_a charge_n from_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n tacitus_n in_o the_o life_n of_o agricola_n take_v notice_n that_o the_o british_a pearl_n be_v subfusca_fw-la ac_fw-la liventia_fw-la but_o that_o character_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v give_v in_o general_a term_n bede_n account_n hist_o eccl._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o be_v more_o just_a where_o he_o say_v they_o be_v of_o all_o colour_n those_o that_o be_v not_o bright_a and_o shine_a and_o such_o indeed_o be_v the_o most_o of_o what_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o irt_n inn_n etc._n etc._n be_v usual_o call_v sand-pearl_n which_o be_v as_o useful_a in_o physic_n as_o the_o fine_a though_o not_o so_o valuable_a in_o beauty_n the_o great_a naturalist_n of_o our_o age_n dr._n lister_n the_o cochl_n fluv_n sect_n 2._o say_v he_o have_v find_v sixteen_o of_o those_o in_o one_o muscle_n and_o assert_n of_o they_o all_o that_o they_o be_v only_a senescentium_n musculorum_fw-la vitia_fw-la e_fw-la at_o s._n bee_n the_o holy_a virgin_n s._n bega_n bâ—â—â—_n s._n bâ—â—â—_n be_v say_v to_o have_v found_v a_o nunnery_n but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o endow_v or_o that_o it_o continue_v for_o any_o time_n as_o a_o voluntary_a society_n it_o be_v probable_a enough_o that_o it_o be_v ruin_v and_o disperse_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o that_o the_o priory_n of_o benedictines_n build_v and_o endow_v afterward_o by_o william_n de_fw-fr micenis_fw-la be_v in_o the_o same_o place_n here_o be_v a_o good_a grammar-school_n found_v and_o endow_v by_o edmund_n grindal_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n bear_v here_o it_o have_v a_o library_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o be_v much_o improve_v by_o the_o munificence_n of_o dr._n lamplugh_n late_a archbishop_n of_o york_n dr._n smith_n the_o present_a bishop_n of_o carlisle_n sir_n john_n lowther_n of_o whitehaven_n and_o other_o the_o right_a of_o present_v a_o master_n be_v in_o the_o provost_n and_o fellow_n of_o queen_n college_n in_o oxford_n to_o which_o society_n its_o founder_n be_v also_o a_o considerable_a benefactor_n below_o s._n bees_n be_v white-haven_n hâ—â—_n wâ—â—â—â—_n hâ—â—_n so_o call_v from_o the_o white_a rock_n and_o cliff_n that_o be_v near_o it_o it_o be_v chief_o behold_v for_o its_o improvement_n to_o sir_n john_n lowther_n who_o take_v his_o title_n of_o distinction_n from_o it_o and_o have_v a_o considerable_a estate_n there_o f_o to_o keswick_n â—â—â—ck_n â—â—â—ck_n and_o the_o parish_n of_o crosthwait_n in_o which_o it_o lie_v be_v give_v a_o considerable_a benefaction_n for_o the_o erect_n of_o a_o manufacture-house_n and_o maintain_v the_o poor_a by_o sir_n john_n banks_n knight_n attorney_n general_n temp_n car._n 1._o who_o as_o i_o take_v it_o 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the_o portraiture_n of_o a_o layman_n with_o a_o hawk_n or_o eagle_n perch_v on_o his_o arm._n over_o his_o head_n be_v the_o forementioned_a ruin_n of_o the_o lord_n howard_n inscription_n next_o to_o these_o the_o picture_n of_o some_o apostle_n saint_n or_o other_o holy_a man_n in_o a_o sacerdotal_a habit_n with_o a_o glory_n round_o his_o head_n on_o the_o top_n stand_v the_o effigy_n of_o the_o b._n v._o with_o the_o babe_n in_o her_o arm_n and_o both_o their_o head_n encircle_v with_o glory_n as_o before_o on_o the_o north_n we_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o chequerwork_n subscribe_v with_o the_o follow_a character_n fair_o legible_a upon_o the_o first_o sight_n of_o these_o letter_n i_o greedy_o venture_v to_o read_v they_o rynburu_n and_o be_v wonderful_o please_v to_o fancy_n that_o this_o word_n thus_o single_o write_v must_v necessary_o betoken_v the_o final_a extirpation_n and_o burial_n of_o the_o magical_a runae_fw-la in_o these_o part_n reasonable_o hope_v for_o upon_o 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to_o expound_v it_o but_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v read_v thus_o gag_v ubbo_n erlat_n i.e._n latrones_fw-la ubbo_n vicit_fw-la i_o confess_v this_o have_v no_o affinity_n at_o least_o be_v thus_o interpret_v with_o the_o forego_n inscription_n but_o may_v well_o enough_o suit_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o town_n and_o country_n upon_o your_o pardon_n and_o correction_n sir_n of_o the_o impertinency_n and_o mistake_n in_o this_o which_o i_o shall_v humble_o hope_v for_o i_o shall_v trouble_v you_o with_o my_o further_a observation_n on_o the_o font_n at_o bridekirk_n and_o to_o all_o your_o other_o command_n shall_v pay_v that_o ready_a obedience_n which_o become_v sir_n your_o most_o oblige_a and_o faithful_a servant_n will._n nicolson_n the_o second_o be_v dug_n up_o at_o cambeck_n in_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o old_a stone-wall_n and_o be_v of_o this_o form_n this_o three_o be_v imperfect_a and_o in_o what_o place_n it_o be_v find_v i_o can_v positive_o say_v deo_fw-la cocidi_fw-la coh_n i._o ael_n a_o we_o w_n at_o brampton_n bramptoâ—_n bramptoâ—_n there_o be_v a_o hospital_n for_o six_o poor_a man_n and_o as_o many_o poor_a woman_n with_o allowance_n for_o a_o chaplain_n late_o found_v and_o endow_v by_o the_o right_n honourable_a elizabeth_n countess_n dowager_n of_o carlisle_n mother_n to_o the_o present_a earl_n of_o carlisle_n x_o upon_o the_o river_n irthing_n lie_v naworth-castle_n naworth_n naworth_n now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a charles_n howard_n earl_n of_o carlisle_n great_a grandson_n to_o that_o lord_n william_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n who_o have_v repair_v the_o castle_n and_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o the_o reception_n of_o a_o family_n here_o be_v a_o library_n former_o well_o furnish_v with_o book_n and_o there_o be_v still_o oxen._n still_o caâ—â—_n lib._n mâ—â—_n oxen._n many_o manuscript_n of_o value_n relate_v chief_o to_o heraldry_n and_o 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spring_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o a_o rock_n the_o water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o sulphur_n nitre_n and_o vitriol_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v very_o good_a for_o the_o spleen_n the_o stone_n and_o all_o cutaneous_a distemper_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n it_o be_v much_o frequent_v both_o by_o the_o scotch_a and_o english_a z_o what_o our_o author_n have_v tell_v we_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o gillesland_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o mistake_n for_o first_o ranulph_n and_o radulph_n be_v the_o same_o name_n and_o ranulph_n de_fw-fr mechinis_fw-la be_v call_v indifferent_o by_o these_o two_o 525._o chron._n cumbâ—_n dugd._n â—_o vol._n 1._o pâ—_n id._n bar._n â—_o p._n 525._o then_o ranulph_n de_fw-fr micenis_fw-la who_o be_v lord_n of_o cumberland_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o conqueror_n be_v the_o very_a same_o who_o be_v afterward_o earl_n of_o chester_n by_o descent_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o cousin-german_n richard_n second_o earl_n of_o chester_n who_o be_v son_n 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only_a son_n
orchis_n palmata_fw-la palustris_fw-la dracontias_n upon_o the_o old_a mill-race_n at_o little_a salkeld_n and_o on_o langwathby_n holm_n cumberland_n cynosorchis_n militaris_fw-la purpurea_fw-la odorata_fw-la on_o lance-moor_n near_o newby_n and_o on_o thrimby_n common_a westmoreland_z serratula_n foliis_fw-la ad_fw-la summitatem_fw-la usque_fw-la indivisis_fw-la found_n first_o by_o reginald_n harrison_n a_o quaker_n in_o the_o barony_n of_o kendal_n westmoreland_n thlaspi_n minus_fw-la clusii_n on_o most_o limestone_n pasture_n in_o both_o county_n tragopogon_n purpureum_fw-la in_o the_o field_n about_o carlisle_n and_o rose-castle_n cumberland_n virga_fw-la aurea_fw-la latifolia_fw-la serrata_fw-la c._n b._n it_o grow_v as_o plentiful_o in_o our_o field_n at_o salkeld_n as_o the_o vulgaris_fw-la which_o it_o as_o common_a as_o any_o plant_n we_o have_v northumberland_z by_o robt._n morden_n ottadini_n next_o after_o the_o brigantes_n ptolemy_n place_v those_o who_o according_a to_o the_o various_a reading_n of_o several_a copy_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d call_v all_o the_o copy_n dr._n gale_n have_v peruse_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n with_o a_o single_a Ï„._n and_o selden_n manuscript_n contract_v the_o word_n as_o it_o do_v most_o other_o of_o the_o like_a kind_n into_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ottalini_n ottadeni_n and_o ottadini_n instead_o of_o all_o which_o i_o will_v willing_o with_o a_o very_a easy_a alteration_n read_v ottatini_n that_o so_o the_o word_n may_v signify_v beyond_o or_o upon_o the_o river_n tyne_n thus_o the_o name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n will_v exact_o agree_v with_o the_o situation_n of_o their_o country_n for_o these_o man_n be_v seat_v beyond_o the_o tyne_n and_o our_o modern_a britain_n call_n that_o country_n in_o wales_n which_o lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n conway_n uch-conway_n that_o beyond_o the_o mountain_n uch-mynyth_a beyond_o the_o wood_n uch-coed_n beyond_o the_o river_n gyrway_n uch-gyrway_a nor_o will_v it_o be_v at_o all_o improper_a if_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n they_o name_v this_o country_n beyond_o the_o tyne_n uch-tin_n out_o of_o which_o by_o a_o little_a disjoint_v and_o mellow_n of_o the_o word_n the_o roman_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v form_v their_o ottadini_n yet_o since_o as_o xiphiline_n report_v out_o of_o dio_fw-mi nicaeus_fw-la all_o the_o britain_n that_o dwell_v near_o the_o formentioned_a wall_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o maeatae_n asleep_o maeatae_n maeatae_n it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v that_o our_o ottadini_n live_v on_o the_o wall_n be_v some_o of_o those_o maeatae_n who_o in_o that_o remarkable_a revolt_n of_o the_o britain_n wherein_o the_o caledonian_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o confederacy_n take_v up_o arm_n when_o the_o emperor_n severus_n give_v order_n to_o his_o soldier_n to_o give_v no_o quarter_n to_o the_o britain_n in_o homer_n word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d none_n our_o arm_n shall_v spare_v none_o shall_v escape_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o war_n child_n unborn_a shall_v die_v but_o the_o storm_n of_o this_o rebellion_n be_v calm_v by_o the_o death_n of_o severus_n who_o die_v at_o york_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o preparation_n for_o war_n a_o good_a while_n after_o this_o country_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v part_n of_o valentia_n valentiâ—_n valentiâ—_n for_o so_o theodosius_n name_v it_o in_o honour_n of_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n after_o he_o have_v vanquish_v the_o barbarian_n and_o recover_v this_o lose_a province_n but_o in_o the_o saxon_a war_n these_o ancient_a name_n grow_v out_o of_o date_n and_o all_o those_o country_n which_o lie_v north_n of_o the_o frith_n of_o humber_n take_v the_o saxon_a name_n of_o norê§an-humbra-ric_a i.e._n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o north-humbrians_a and_o yet_o even_o this_o name_n be_v now_o lose_v in_o the_o other_o county_n be_v only_o retain_v in_o this_o of_o northumberland_n which_o we_o be_v now_o to_o visit_v northhumberland_n nnorthumberland_n call_v by_o the_o saxon_n norê§an-humber-lond_n lie_v enclose_v in_o a_o sort_n of_o a_o triangle_n but_o not_o equilateral_a on_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o county_n of_o durham_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o river_n derwent_n run_v into_o tine_n and_o with_o tine_n itself_o the_o east-side_n be_v wash_v with_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o west_n reach_v from_o kelsop_n from_o for_o above_o twenty_o mile_n together_o it_o border_n south-west_n on_o cumberland_n from_o above_o garry_n gill_n in_o the_o head_n of_o aulston-moor_n down_o to_o the_o river_n of_o kelsop_n south-west_n to_o north-east_n front_v scotland_n and_o be_v first_o bound_v with_o a_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n and_o afterward_o with_o the_o river_n tweed_n here_o be_v the_o limit_n of_o both_o kingdom_n over_o which_o in_o this_o county_n two_o governor_n be_v appoint_v whereof_o the_o one_o be_v style_v lord_n warden_n of_o the_o middle_a march_n marâ—â—keâ—ers_n â—dens_n of_o â—_o marâ—â—keâ—ers_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o march_v the_o occidui_fw-la but_o holland_n give_v it_o more_o true_o of_o the_o east_n march_v western_a the_o country_n itself_o be_v most_o rough_a and_o barren_a and_o seem_v to_o have_v harden_v the_o very_a carcase_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n who_o the_o neighbour_a scot_n have_v render_v yet_o more_o hardy_a sometime_o inure_v they_o to_o war_n and_o sometime_o amicable_o communicate_v their_o custom_n and_o way_n of_o live_v whence_o they_o be_v become_v a_o most_o warlike_a people_n and_o excellent_a horseman_n and_o whereas_o they_o general_o have_v devote_v themselves_o to_o war_n there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n of_o fashion_n among_o they_o but_o have_v his_o little_a castle_n and_o fort_n and_o so_o the_o country_n come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o great_a many_o barony_n â—â—thumâ—â—and_n â—ny_o baâ—â—ies_n in_o â—â—thumâ—â—and_n the_o lord_n whereof_o be_v ancient_o before_o the_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o usual_o style_v baron_n though_o some_o of_o they_o man_n of_o very_o low_a fortune_n b_o but_o this_o be_v wise_o do_v of_o our_o ancestor_n to_o cherish_v and_o support_v martial_a prowess_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o at_o least_o honour_n and_o title_n however_o this_o character_n they_o lose_v when_o under_o edward_n the_o first_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n begin_v to_o be_v appropriate_v to_o such_o as_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n on_o the_o seacoast_n and_o along_o the_o river_n tine_n the_o ground_n with_o any_o tolerable_a husbandry_n be_v very_o fruitful_a but_o elsewhere_o much_o more_o barren_a and_o unview_o in_o many_o place_n the_o stone_n lithancrace_n which_o we_o call_v sea-coal_n sea-coals_a sea-coals_a be_v dig_v very_o plentiful_o to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o near_a part_n which_o point_v to_o the_o south-west_n and_o be_v call_v hexamshire_n hexamshire_n hexamshire_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o its_o lord_n and_o challenge_v how_o just_o i_o know_v not_o the_o right_n of_o a_o county_n palatine_n but_o when_o late_o it_o become_v part_n of_o the_o crown-land_n by_o a_o exchange_n make_v with_o archbishop_n robert_n it_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n join_v to_o the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n be_v subject_v to_o the_o same_o york_n same_o that_o be_v in_o civil_a matter_n for_o its_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o county_n it_o be_v still_o a_o peculiar_a belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n judicature_n and_o have_v their_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n thereof_o south_n tine_n tine_n south_n tine_n so_o call_v if_o we_o believe_v the_o britain_n from_o its_o be_v narrow_o pen_v up_o within_o its_o bank_n for_o so_o much_o tin_n signify_v say_v some_o in_o the_o british_a language_n rise_v in_o cumberland_n near_o alstenmoor_n where_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a copper-mine_a run_v by_o lambley_n former_o a_o nunnery_n build_v by_o the_o lucy_n but_o now_o much_o wear_v away_o by_o the_o flood_n and_o fetherstonhaugh_a the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o well-descended_n family_n of_o the_o fetherston_n go_v fetherston_n the_o male_a line_n of_o the_o fetherstous_a of_o this_o place_n be_v extinct_a the_o land_n be_v fall_v into_o the_o possession_n of_o fetherston_n dodson_n go_v and_o be_v come_v to_o bellister-castle_n turn_v eastward_o keep_v a_o direct_a course_n along_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v no_o where_n three_o mile_n distant_a from_o it_o for_o the_o wall_n have_v leave_v cumberland_n walâ—_n pict_n walâ—_n and_o cross_v the_o little_a river_n of_o irthing_n carry_v a_o arch_n over_o the_o rapid_a brook_n of_o poltross_n poltross_n poltross_n where_o we_o see_v large_a mount_v cast_v up_o within_o the_o wall_n as_o design_v for_o watch_v the_o country_n near_o this_o place_n stand_v thirlwal-castle_n thirlwall_n thirlwall_n no_o large_a structure_n which_o give_v
a_o seat_n and_o surname_n to_o that_o ancient_a and_o honourable_a family_n which_o have_v former_o the_o name_n of_o wade_n here_o the_o scot_n force_v a_o passage_n betwixt_o irthing_n and_o tine_n into_o the_o province_n of_o britain_n and_o the_o place_n be_v wise_o enough_o choose_v as_o have_v no_o intercourse_n of_o river_n to_o obstruct_v their_o easy_a inroad_n into_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o england_n but_o the_o reader_n will_v the_o better_o understand_v this_o matter_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n from_o john_n fordon_n the_o scotch_a historian_n fordon_n scoto-chronic_n j._n fordon_n who_o word_n since_o his_o book_n be_v not_o very_o common_a it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o repeat_v the_o scot_n say_v he_o have_v conquer_v the_o country_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n begin_v to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o it_o and_o summon_v in_o the_o boor_n with_o their_o mattock_n pickax_n rake_n fork_n and_o shovel_n cause_v wide_a hole_n and_o gap_n to_o be_v make_v in_o it_o through_o which_o they_o may_v ready_o pass_v and_o repass_v from_o these_o gap_n this_o indent_a part_n get_v its_o present_a name_n for_o in_o the_o english_a tongue_n the_o place_n be_v now_o call_v thirlwall_n which_o render_v in_o latin_a be_v the_o same_o as_o murus_n perforatus_fw-la from_o hence_o southward_a we_o have_v a_o view_n of_o blenkensop_n which_o give_v name_n and_o dwell_n to_o a_o eminent_a family_n be_v ancient_o part_v of_o the_o barony_n of_o nicholas_n of_o bolteby_n and_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o country_n pleasant_a enough_o caervorran_n caervorran_n beyond_o thirlwall_n the_o wall_n open_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o mad_a river_n of_o tippall_n where_o on_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o little_a within_o the_o wall_n may_v be_v see_v the_o draught_n of_o a_o square_a roman_a fort_n each_o side_n whereof_o be_v 140_o pace_n in_o length_n the_o very_a foundation_n of_o the_o house_n and_o track_n of_o the_o street_n be_v yet_o fair_o discernible_a the_o moss-trooper_n report_v that_o there_o lie_v a_o high_a street-way_n pave_v with_o flint_n and_o other_o stone_n over_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n from_o hence_o to_o maiden-castle_n on_o stanemoor_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o go_v direct_o to_o kirkbythor_n already_o mention_v a_o old_a woman_n who_o dwell_v in_o a_o neighbour_a cottage_n show_v we_o a_o little_a old_a consecrate_a altar_n thus_o inscribe_v to_o vitirineus_n a_o tutelar_a god_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v of_o these_o part_n deo_fw-la viti_n rind_n limeo_fw-la rov_n merito_fw-la rov_n posuit_fw-la libens_fw-la merito_fw-la p._n l._n m._n this_o place_n be_v now_o call_v caervorran_a how_o it_o be_v ancient_o name_v i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o determine_v since_o the_o word_n have_v no_o affinity_n with_o any_o of_o the_o roman_n station_n that_o be_v mention_v per_fw-la lineam_fw-la valli_fw-la along_o the_o wall_n and_o none_o of_o the_o inscription_n afford_v we_o any_o discovery_n c_o whatever_o it_o be_v the_o wall_n near_o it_o be_v build_v high_a and_o firm_a than_o elsewhere_o for_o within_o two_o furlong_n of_o it_o on_o a_o pretty_a high_a hill_n it_o exceed_v 15_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o nine_o in_o breadth_n on_o both_o side_n lapide_fw-la side_n quadrato_fw-la lapide_fw-la ashler_n though_o bede_n say_v it_o be_v only_a 12_o foot_n high_a do_v from_o hence_o the_o wall_n bend_v about_o by_o iverton_n forsten_n and_o chester_n in_o the_o wall_n near_o busy-gapp_a note_v for_o robbery_n where_o we_o hear_v there_o be_v fort_n but_o dare_v not_o go_v and_o view_v they_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o moss-trooper_n this_o chester_n we_o be_v tell_v be_v very_o large_a insomuch_o as_o i_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v that_o station_n of_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o dalmatian_n which_o the_o book_n of_o notice_n call_v magna_n where_o may_v be_v read_v the_o follow_a inscription_n pro_fw-la salute_n desidieniae_fw-la ...._o liani_fw-la prae_fw-la et_fw-la sv_fw-la a._n s._n posvit_n vot_o ..._o ao_o solvit_fw-la libe_v ns_n tusco_n et_fw-fr bas_n so_o coss._n 259._o in_o the_o yâ—_n of_o chrâ—_n 259._o this_o imperfect_a altar_n be_v also_o bring_v from_o thence_o which_o we_o read_v at_o the_o little_a hamlet_n of_o melkrigg_n it_o melkrigg_n where_o now_o woman_n beat_v their_o buck_n on_o it_o deae_fw-la suri_fw-la câ—nington_n these_o 〈◊〉_d inscriptâ—_n be_v noâ—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o houâ—_n sir_n râ—b_n câ—ton_n of_o câ—nington_n ae_n sub_fw-la calp_n ur_fw-la nio_z agnostus_n icola_n leg_n aug_n pr._n pr._n a_o licinius_n lemens_fw-la praef_n iii_o a._n jor_n camden_n jor_n other_o give_v we_o the_o last_o line_n of_o this_o inscription_n more_o full_o thus_o coh_o i._o hammior_n see_v sammes_n britan._n p._n 259._o joh._n speed'_v chron._n p._n 222._o and_o his_o map_n of_o northumberland_n give_v it_o both_o way_n as_o two_o several_a inscription_n so_o also_o the_o map_n in_o this_o new_a edition_n of_o camden_n which_o if_o i_o can_v i_o will_v glad_o and_o the_o character_n seem_v to_o allow_v it_o read_v thus_o deae_fw-la suriae_fw-la veâ—_n dea_fw-la sâ—â—_n some_o wâ—_n have_v she_o â—_o be_v june_n other_o veâ—_n sub_fw-la calphurnio_fw-la agricola_n legato_n augusti_fw-la propraetore_fw-la licinius_n clemens_n praefectus_fw-la now_o calphurnius_fw-la agricola_n be_v send_v against_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o emperor_n m._n antoninus_n philosophus_fw-la capâ—toâ—_n capâ—toâ—_n upon_o the_o break_n out_o of_o the_o british_a war_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 170._o at_o which_o time_n some_o cohort_n under_o his_o command_n erect_v this_o altar_n to_o the_o goddess_n suria_n who_o be_v draw_v by_o lion_n with_o a_o turret_n on_o her_o head_n and_o a_o taber_n in_o her_o hand_n as_o be_v show_v at_o large_a by_o lucian_n in_o his_o treatise_n de_fw-fr deâ_fw-la syriâ_fw-la and_o who_o nero_n â—_o sueton._n â—_o nero_n â—_o as_o sorry_o as_o he_o treat_v all_o religion_n very_o zealous_o worship_v for_o 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monastery_n with_o a_o rundlet_n of_o red_a wine_n and_o some_o loaf_n of_o bread_n when_o these_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o table_n they_o be_v more_o astonish_v than_o before_o have_v never_o see_v either_o wine_n or_o white_a bread_n big-bellyed_a woman_n with_o their_o husband_n come_v to_o the_o table_n side_n and_o handle_v the_o bread_n and_o smell_v to_o the_o wine_n beg_v a_o taste_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o avoid_v the_o deal_n of_o the_o whole_a among_o they_o after_o they_o have_v sit_v at_o supper_n till_o two_o hour_n within_o night_n the_o curate_n and_o the_o landlord_n with_o the_o child_n and_o all_o the_o man_n leave_v aeneas_n and_o rub_v off_o in_o haste_n they_o say_v they_o be_v go_v to_o shelter_v themselves_o in_o a_o certain_a tower_n at_o a_o good_a distance_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o scot_n who_o at_o low_a water_n use_v to_o cross_v the_o river_n in_o the_o night_n and_o fall_v a_o plunder_v they_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v persuade_v to_o take_v aeneas_n along_o with_o they_o though_o he_o very_o importunate_o entreat_v they_o to_o do_v it_o neither_o carry_v they_o off_o any_o of_o the_o woman_n though_o several_a of_o they_o both_o wife_n and_o maid_n be_v very_o handsome_a for_o they_o believe_v the_o enemy_n will_v not_o harm_v they_o not_o look_v upon_o whoredom_n as_o any_o ill_a thing_n thus_o aeneas_n be_v leave_v alone_o with_o only_a two_o servant_n and_o a_o guide_n among_o a_o hundred_o woman_n who_o sit_v in_o a_o ring_n with_o a_o fire_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o they_o spend_v the_o night_n sleepless_a in_o dress_v of_o hemp_n and_o chat_a with_o the_o interpreter_n when_o the_o night_n be_v well_o advance_v they_o have_v a_o mighty_a noise_n of_o dog_n bark_v and_o goose_n gagle_v whereupon_o the_o woman_n slip_v off_o several_a way_n the_o guide_n run_v away_o and_o all_o be_v in_o such_o a_o confusion_n as_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v be_v upon_o '_o they_o but_o aeneas_n think_v it_o his_o wise_a course_n to_o keep_v close_o in_o his_o bedchamber_n which_o be_v a_o stable_a and_o there_o to_o await_v the_o issue_n lest_o run_v out_o and_o be_v unacquainted_a with_o the_o country_n he_o shall_v be_v rob_v by_o the_o first_o man_n he_o meet_v present_o both_o the_o woman_n and_o the_o guide_n return_n acquaint_v they_o that_o all_o be_v well_o and_o that_o they_o be_v friend_n and_o no_o enemy_n that_o be_v arrive_v will_v there_o be_v in_o this_o country_n certain_a petty_a nation_n who_o be_v call_v seofenburgenses_n call_v the_o fifburgingi_n or_o fifburhingan_n as_o the_o saxon_n call_v they_o be_v the_o danish_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o five_o town_n of_o leicester_n lincoln_n nottingham_n stanford_n and_o derby_n to_o these_o be_v afterward_o add_v the_o city_n of_o york_n and_o chester_n and_o then_o the_o same_o people_n and_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n be_v call_v seofenburgenses_n sevenburgenses_n and_o seofenburgenses_n and_o the_o fifburgingi_n or_o fifburhingan_n as_o the_o saxon_n call_v they_o be_v the_o danish_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o five_o town_n of_o leicester_n lincoln_n nottingham_n stanford_n and_o derby_n to_o these_o be_v afterward_o add_v the_o city_n of_o york_n and_o chester_n and_o then_o the_o same_o people_n and_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n be_v call_v seofenburgenses_n fifburgingi_n â—â—â—gingi_fw-la â—â—â—burâ—â—es_n â—â—â—gingi_fw-la but_o so_o dark_a be_v the_o account_n we_o have_v of_o they_o that_o i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o ascertain_v the_o true_a place_n of_o their_o residence_n nor_o tell_v you_o whether_o they_o be_v danes_n or_o english_a florence_n of_o worcester_n publish_v by_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o lord_n william_n howard_n say_v that_o whilst_o the_o parliament_n sit_v at_o oxenford_n sigeferth_n and_o morcar_n then_o eminent_a and_o mighty_a power_n mighty_a tha_z yldestan_n thaegenas_n say_v the_o chronicle_n the_o historian_n shall_v have_v give_v the_o word_n a_o more_o honourable_a signification_n than_o ministri_fw-la for_o whatever_o the_o saxon_a thegn_n may_v signify_v the_o old_a danish_a diagn_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v know_v and_o consider_v here_o always_o import_v government_n and_o power_n minister_n of_o the_o seovenburgenses_n be_v private_o murder_v by_o edrick_n streona_n and_o that_o prince_n edmund_n edburâ—â—g_n â—rince_n of_o 〈◊〉_d edburâ—â—g_n contrary_a to_o the_o good_a like_n of_o his_o father_n marry_v alfrith_n the_o wife_n of_o sigeferth_n and_o take_v a_o progress_n as_o far_o as_o the_o fifburgingi_n invade_v sigeferth_n be_v territory_n and_o subdue_v his_o people_n but_o let_v other_o make_v a_o further_a enquiry_n into_o these_o matter_n â—â—thumâ—â—rland_n â—â—gs_n â—kes_n and_o â—â—s_o of_o â—â—thumâ—â—rland_n this_o province_n be_v first_o bring_v under_o the_o saxon_a yoke_n by_o osca_n the_o brother_n of_o hengist_n and_o his_o son_n jebusa_n and_o be_v for_o some_o time_n under_o the_o government_n of_o duke_n who_o be_v homager_n to_o the_o king_n of_o kent_n afterward_o when_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o bernician_o phoenician_n phoenician_n who_o the_o britain_n call_n guir_n a_o brinaich_n that_o be_v mountainer_n be_v erect_v the_o best_a part_n of_o it_o lay_v between_o the_o tee_n and_o the_o scottish_a or_o edinburg_n frith_n and_o this_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o that_o the_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n be_v here_o very_o erroneous_o make_v a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bernicia_n whereas_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v a_o part_n of_o that_o king_n of_o northumberland_n when_o these_o have_v finish_v their_o fatal_a period_n all_o beyond_o twede_n become_v part_n of_o scotland_n and_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a have_v the_o surrender_n of_o this_o county_n and_o that_o and_o egbert_n do_v indeed_o so_o far_o subdue_v the_o northumbrian_n that_o their_o king_n eandr_v become_v tributary_n to_o he_o but_o northumberland_n continue_v a_o kingdom_n long_o after_o that_o annex_v it_o to_o his_o own_o dominion_n alfred_n afterward_o land_n afterward_o just_o as_o they_o assign_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a etc._n etc._n
acquaint_v with_o and_o to_o have_v a_o inclination_n for_o peace_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o southern_a on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n tay_n and_o the_o northern_a on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n tay_n beside_o a_o great_a many_o island_n lie_v round_o about_o in_o the_o southern_a part_n these_o country_n be_v most_o remarkable_a teifidale_n merch._n lauden_n liddesdale_n eskdale_n annandale_n niddesdale_n galloway_n carrick_n kyle_n cunningham_n arran_n cluydesdale_n lennox_n stirling_n fife_n strathern_n menteith_n argile_n cantire_fw-la lorn_n in_o the_o north_n part_n be_v reckon_v these_o county_n loquabar_n braidalbin_n perth_n athol_n angus_n mern_n marr._n buquhan_n murray_n ross_n sutherland_n cathness_n strathnavern_n these_o be_v subdivide_v again_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o civil_a government_n into_o sheriffdom_n stewarty_n and_o baileries_n here_o baileries_n dugdale_n in_o his_o list_n of_o the_o shire_n make_v they_o 33._o reckon_v the_o stewarty_a of_o kirkudbright_n as_o one_o as_o also_o hadington_n ross_n sterling_n cathness_n and_o sutherland_n leave_v out_o forres_n reckon_v as_o one_o here_o the_o sheriffdom_n be_v edinburgh_n linlythquo_n selkirk_n roxburgh_n peeblis_n berwick_n lanerick_n renfrew_n dumfreis_n wigton_n aire_n bute_n argyle_n and_o tarbet_n dunbarton_n perth_n clackmannan_n kinross_n fife_n kincardin_fw-fr forfar_n aberdene_n bamff_n elgin_n forres_n narne_v innerness_n cromartie_n orknay_n and_o shetland_n stewarty_n menteith_n strathern_n galloway_n strathern_n this_o contain_v the_o east_n part_n of_o galloway_n kircudbright_n annandale_n baileries_n kile_n carrick_n cunningham_n constablery_n haddington_n as_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o church-affair_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o world_n have_v no_o certain_a diocese_n before_o dionysius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n about_o the_o year_n 268._o set_v out_o distinct_a diocese_n for_o they_o so_o the_o bishop_n of_o scotland_n exercise_v their_o episcopal_a function_n indifferent_o wherever_o they_o be_v till_o the_o reign_n of_o malcolm_n the_o three_o that_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1070._o at_o which_o time_n the_o diocese_n be_v confine_v within_o their_o bound_n and_o limit_n afterward_o in_o process_n of_o time_n this_o hierarchy_n be_v establish_v in_o scotland_n there_o be_v two_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n and_o glasco_n the_o first_o be_v account_v primate_n of_o all_o scotland_n and_o have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n nine_o jurisdiction_n the_o addition_n of_o edinburgh_n make_v the_o number_n nine_o eight_o bishopric_n dunkell_n aberdeen_n murray_n dumblane_fw-mi brechen_fw-ge ross_n cathness_n orkney_n under_o the_o archbishop_n of_o glasco_n there_o be_v only_o three_o galloway_n lismore_n and_o the_o isle_n addition_n beside_o the_o division_n of_o this_o kingdom_n observe_v by_o mr._n camden_n there_o be_v four_o other_o take_v from_o the_o river_n the_o mountain_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n 1._o the_o river_n divide_v it_o by_o three_o isthmus_n into_z so_o many_o peninsula_n one_o to_o the_o south_n one_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o one_o to_o the_o north_n the_o river_n upon_o each_o side_n run_v far_o into_o the_o country_n be_v hinder_v from_o meet_v by_o a_o small_a tract_n of_o ground_n and_o if_o that_o be_v remove_v they_o will_v make_v three_o island_n of_o that_o which_o be_v now_o the_o continent_n or_o main_a land_n of_o scotland_n the_o first_o peninsula_n be_v to_o the_o south_n divide_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n of_o tweed_n and_o where_o it_o fail_v by_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o solloway-firth_n which_o enter_v far_o up_o into_o the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o towards_o the_o north_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o continent_n by_o the_o firth_n and_o river_n of_o forth_o and_o a_o short_a line_n over_o land_n to_o clide_n by_o which_o and_o its_o firth_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o northwest_n part_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o continent_n this_o comprehend_v the_o follow_a county_n merse_n teviotdale_n forrest_n and_o etterick_n annandale_n and_o nithisdale_n east-lothian_n mid-lothian_n and_o west-lothian_n lauderdale_n tweedale_n stirlingshire_n renfrew_n cliddisdale_n cunningham_n kyle_n and_o carrict_a galloway_n which_o contain_v the_o stewartry_n of_o kircudbright_n and_o shire_n of_o wigton_n the_o middle_a peninsula_n have_v to_o the_o south_n the_o firth_n and_o river_n of_o forth_o and_o the_o line_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o river_n and_o firth_n of_o clide_n to_o the_o west_n and_o east_n the_o ocean_n and_o to_o the_o north_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o scotland_n by_o the_o loch_n and_o water_n of_o loch_o and_o a_o line_n through_o a_o short_a neck_n of_o land_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o loch_n nesse_n and_o then_o by_o the_o loch_n and_o river_n of_o ness_n to_o where_o that_o river_n run_v into_o the_o sea_n it_o contain_v these_o county_n fyfe_n kinrosshire_n clackmannanshire_n menteith_n lennox_z argyle_n lorn_n cantyre_n perthshire_n angus_n mernes_n aberdeenshire_n bamf-shire_n all_o badenoth_n part_n of_o lochaber_n and_o much_o of_o the_o shire_n of_o inverness_n the_o northern_a peninsula_n have_v to_o the_o south_n the_o loch_n and_o water_n of_o loch_o and_o a_o short_a line_n from_o thence_o to_o lochness_n and_o the_o water_n of_o ness_n to_o the_o west_n north_n and_o east_n it_o have_v the_o ocean_n and_o contain_v these_o county_n ross_n sutherland_n strathnavern_n and_o cathness_n and_o that_o part_n of_o lochaber_n and_o inverness-shire_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o north_n of_o the_o loch_n and_o water_n of_o ness_n 2._o it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o mons_fw-la grampius_n or_o the_o grantzbain-hill_n which_o run_v through_o it_o from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n rise_v near_o dumbanton_a and_o run_v to_o the_o town_n of_o aberdeen_n into_o the_o south_n and_o north_n part_n though_o this_o division_n be_v not_o so_o equal_a as_o the_o former_a 3._o by_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n into_o the_o highland_n and_o lowland_n for_o the_o people_n who_o affect_v pasture_n and_o hunt_v betake_v themselves_o always_o to_o the_o hill_n as_o most_o proper_a for_o they_o and_o be_v of_o old_a call_v brigantes_n scoto-brigantes_n and_o horesti_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v high-lander_n and_o braeman_n as_o they_o be_v call_v to_o this_o day_n and_o these_o who_o give_v themselves_o to_o the_o culture_n of_o the_o land_n and_o affect_v more_o of_o a_o civil_a life_n betake_v they_o to_o the_o low_a ground_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v call_v of_o old_a picti_n and_o meatae_n vecturiones_n and_o peaht_n and_o by_o some_o of_o the_o roman_a writer_n caledonii_n while_o these_o that_o do_v inhabit_v the_o mountain_n be_v call_v dicaledones_n and_o as_o some_o read_v it_o duncaledones_n by_o other_o of_o the_o roman_n the_o word_n caledonia_n comprehend_v the_o country_n possess_v by_o both_o 4._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n the_o scot_n be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o western-isle_n and_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o country_n towards_o the_o west_n the_o pict_n have_v all_o that_o lay_v upon_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o roman_n break_v in_o upon_o they_o gain_v a_o large_a tract_n that_o contain_v all_o the_o ground_n between_o the_o two_o wall_n which_o they_o erect_v into_o a_o province_n call_v valentia_n the_o particular_a shire_n with_o their_o extent_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o shire_n of_o edinburgh_n mers_n peebles_n selkirk_n roxburh_n dumfries_n wigton_n aire_n renfrew_n lanerick_n dumbron_n bute_n innerara_n perth_n strivel_a linlithgow_n kinros_n clackmannan_n couper_n forfar_n kinkardin_fw-fr aberdeen_n bamff_n elgin_n nairn_n inverness_n cromartie_n tayn_n dornoch_n wike_n contain_v midlothian_n mers_n and_o lauderdale_n tweedale_n etterick_n and_o forrest_n teviotdale_n liddisdale_n eskdale_n and_o eusdale_n nithisdale_n and_o annandale_n the_o west_n part_n of_o galloway_n kyle_n carrict_a and_o cuningham_n the_o barony_n of_o renfrew_n cledsdale_n lenox_n the_o isle_n of_o bute_n and_o arran_n argile_n lorn_n kintyre_n most_o part_n of_o the_o west_n isle_n as_o ila_n jura_n mul_n wist_v terif_n coll_n lismore_n menteith_z strathern_n balwhidder_n glenurghay_n stormont_n athol_n gource_n glenshee_n strattardill_n braid_v albin_n raynock_n much_o of_o the_o ground_n that_o lie_v close_o upon_o both_o side_n of_o forth_o west-lothian_n that_o part_n of_o fife_n lie_v between_o lochleven_n and_o the_o ochill_n hill_n a_o small_a part_n of_o fife_n lie_v on_o the_o river_n of_o forth_o towards_o strivel_a the_o rest_n of_o fife_n to_o the_o east_n of_o lochleven_n angus_z with_o its_o pertinent_o glen-ila_n glen-esk_n glen-prossin_a the_o mernis_fw-la mar_n with_o its_o pertinent_o as_o bir_n glen-tanner_n glenmuick_a strath-dee_a strathdon_n brae_n of_o mar_n and_o cromar_n and_o most_o part_n of_o buchan_n fourmartin_n
honourable_a the_o present_a earl_n a_o great_a admirer_n of_o antiquity_n cause_v to_o be_v gild_v addition_n gild_v see_v thâ—_n addition_n somewhat_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n stand_v fordon_n fordoâ—_n fordoâ—_n honour_v by_o john_n de_fw-fr fordon_n bear_v here_o who_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o industry_n compile_v the_o scotochronicon_n 21._o scotochronicon_n the_o famous_a manuscript_n hereof_o be_v in_o the_o library_n of_o s._n leonard_n college_n at_o st._n andrews_n theatr._fw-la scotiae_fw-la p._n 21._o and_o to_o who_o study_n the_o modern_a scotch_a historian_n be_v very_o much_o indebt_v but_o fordon_n be_v much_o more_o honour_a in_o ancient_a time_n by_o st._n palladius_n pâ—â—dius_n st._n pâ—â—dius_n relic_n former_o as_o it_o be_v think_v deposit_v here_o who_o in_o the_o year_n 431_o be_v appoint_v by_o pope_n celestine_n apostle_n of_o the_o scot_n i_o marr_n marr_n lie_v far_o up_o from_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o large_a mediterranean_a country_n and_o run_v out_o about_o 60_o mile_n in_o length_n towards_o the_o west_n where_o it_o be_v broad_o it_o swell_v up_o in_o mountain_n except_o where_o the_o river_n dee_n ptolemie_n diva_n and_o the_o do_v open_v themselves_o a_o way_n and_o make_v the_o champagne_n very_o fruitful_a upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o do_v stand_v kildrummy_n kildrummy_n kildrummy_n a_o great_a ornament_n to_o it_o the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o marr._n not_o far_o off_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o baron_n forbois_n forbes_n baron_n forbois_n or_o forbes_n of_o a_o noble_a and_o ancient_a stock_n who_o take_v this_o surname_n be_v before_o call_v bois_n upon_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o familie_n valiant_o kill_v a_o huge_a mighty_a boar._n but_o at_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o the_o river_n be_v two_o town_n that_o give_v a_o great_a ornament_n to_o it_o which_o from_o the_o say_a mouth_n call_v in_o british_a aber_n borrow_v both_o of_o they_o the_o same_o name_n be_v divide_v by_o a_o little_a field_n 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yet_o but_o must_v ever_o long_o submit_v to_o conquer_a fate_n where_o be_v haughty_a carthage_n now_o with_o all_o her_o power_n where_o be_v rome_n and_o troy_n that_o rule_v as_o great_a before_o where_o the_o vast_a riches_n of_o the_o asian_a shore_n no_o wonder_n then_o that_o we_o frail_a man_n shall_v die_v when_o town_n themselves_o confess_v mortality_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n robert_n brus_n thomas_n randolph_n his_o sister_n son_n a_o person_n that_o take_v infinite_a pain_n for_o his_o country_n and_o meet_v with_o much_o opposition_n be_v very_o famous_a under_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o murray_n â—â—â—ray_n eâ—rlâ—_n of_o â—â—â—ray_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n rob._n 2._o john_n de_fw-fr dunbar_n have_v the_o king_n daughter_n and_o with_o her_o the_o earldom_n of_o murray_n as_o a_o amends_o for_o her_o lose_a virginity_n under_o k._n james_n the_o second_o william_n creichton_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o archibald_n douglass_n have_v a_o violent_a contest_v for_o this_o earldom_n when_o against_o the_o law_n and_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n douglass_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o young_a daughter_n of_o james_n de_fw-fr dunbar_n earl_n of_o murray_n be_v prefer_v before_o creichton_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o elder_a by_o the_o power_n and_o great_a interest_n that_o william_n earl_n douglass_n have_v with_o the_o king_n which_o be_v so_o very_o great_a that_o he_o do_v not_o only_o advance_v this_o brother_n to_o the_o earldom_n of_o murray_n but_o another_o brother_n likewise_o to_o the_o earldom_n of_o ormond_n and_o two_o of_o his_o cousin_n to_o the_o earldom_n of_o angus_n and_o morton_n but_o this_o his_o greatness_n a_o thing_n never_o to_o be_v trust_v to_o when_o so_o exorbitant_a be_v his_o ruin_n soon_o after_o under_o king_n james_n the_o 5_o his_o own_o brother_n who_o he_o have_v constitute_v vicegerent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n enjoy_v this_o honour_n and_o within_o our_o memory_n james_n a_o natural_a son_n of_o k._n james_n the_o 5_o have_v this_o honour_n confer_v upon_o he_o by_o his_o sister_n qu._n marry_o who_o ill_o requite_v she_o when_o have_v get_v some_o few_o of_o the_o nobility_n on_o his_o side_n he_o depose_v she_o a_o most_o wicked_a precedent_n for_o crown_a head_n but_o the_o punishment_n of_o heaven_n soon_o fall_v upon_o he_o be_v quick_o after_o shot_n through_o with_o a_o musket_n bullet_n his_o only_a daughter_n bring_v this_o title_n to_o her_o husband_n james_n steward_n of_o down_o descend_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a to_o wit_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o albany_n who_o be_v slay_v by_o some_o that_o envy_v he_o leave_v behind_o he_o his_o son_n james_n his_o successor_n in_o this_o honour_n m_o loqhvabre_n all_o that_o tract_n of_o land_n beyond_o the_o nesse_n which_o bend_v down_o to_o the_o western_a coast_n and_o join_v to_o the_o lake_n aber_n be_v thence_o call_v loghuabre_n that_o be_v in_o the_o ancient_a british_a tongue_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o lake_n that_o which_o lie_v towards_o the_o northern_a coast_n rosse_n loghuabre_n abound_v much_o in_o pasture_n and_o wood_n and_o have_v some_o vein_n of_o iron_n but_o very_o little_o produce_v of_o corn_n it_o
also_o justice_n of_o assize_n nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la and_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n as_o in_o england_n justice_n of_o peace_n in_o every_o county_n to_o preserve_v the_o peace_n and_o the_o king_n have_v his_o sergeant_n at_o law_n his_o attorney_n and_o his_o solicitor_n general_n there_o be_v also_o other_o governor_n beside_o these_o to_o administer_v justice_n in_o the_o remote_a province_n and_o that_o be_v in_o conaugh_n still_v chief_a commissioner_n be_v call_v 1671._o call_v since_o the_o country_n have_v be_v well_o inhabit_v with_o english_a and_o much_o more_o civilise_v than_o heretofore_o the_o presidency_n of_o munster_n and_o conaught_n be_v supersede_v by_o king_n charles_n ii_o about_o the_o year_n 1671._o precedent_n in_o munster_n who_o have_v certain_a of_o the_o gentry_n and_o lawyer_n to_o assist_v they_o and_o be_v all_o direct_v by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n as_o for_o their_o law_n the_o common-law_n use_v there_o be_v the_o same_o with_o this_o of_o we_o in_o england_n for_o thus_o it_o be_v in_o the_o record_n of_o the_o kingdom_n king_n henry_n the_o three_o in_o the_o twelve_o of_o his_o reign_n send_v a_o order_n to_o his_o justice_n in_o ireland_n that_o he_o shall_v assemble_v the_o archbishop_n bishop_n baron_n and_o knight_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o make_v the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n be_v read_v unto_o they_o which_o he_o do_v according_o giving_z they_o a_o oath_n to_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v hold_v and_o keep_v the_o same_o they_o same_o nevertheless_o the_o mere_a irish_a do_v not_o admit_v they_o but_o retain_v their_o own_o brehon-law_n and_o lâ—ud_a custom_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n use_v a_o connivance_n therein_o upon_o some_o deep_a consideration_n not_o vouchsafe_v to_o communicate_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o english_a law_n but_o upon_o especial_a grace_n to_o especial_a family_n or_o sect_n namely_o the_o o_o neales_n nor_o conor_n o_o brien_n o_o maloghlins_n and_o mac_n murough_n which_o be_v repute_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a among_o they_o so_o that_o even_o the_o parliamentary_a law_n or_o statute_n of_o england_n be_v of_o force_n in_o ireland_n till_o king_n henry_n the_o seventh_n time_n for_o in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n they_o be_v establish_v and_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o ireland_n government_n ireland_n in_o the_o time_n of_o sir_n edward_n poining_n government_n but_o since_o that_o time_n they_o have_v live_v by_o act_n and_o statute_n of_o their_o own_o make_n beside_o these_o civil_a magistrate_n they_o have_v also_o one_o military_a officer_n name_v the_o officer_n the_o there_o be_v no_o war_n in_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v no_o such_o officer_n marshal_n ireland_n marshal_n of_o ireland_n who_o be_v serviceable_a to_o the_o state_n not_o only_o in_o restrain_v the_o insolence_n of_o soldier_n but_o also_o in_o check_v the_o outrage_n of_o rebel_n who_o be_v now_o and_o then_o troublesome_a this_o office_n former_o belong_v hereditary_o to_o the_o lord_n morley_n of_o england_n john_n 9_o of_o king_n john_n for_o king_n john_n give_v they_o this_o office_n to_o hold_v in_o see_v of_o he_o in_o these_o word_n we_o have_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o john_n martial_n for_o his_o homage_n and_o service_n our_o marshalship_n of_o ireland_n with_o all_o appurtenance_n we_o have_v give_v he_o likewise_o for_o his_o homage_n and_o service_n the_o cantre_v wherein_o stand_v the_o town_n of_o kilbunny_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n from_o he_o it_o descend_v in_o a_o right_a line_n to_o the_o baron_n of_o morley_n this_o marshal_n have_v under_o he_o submaresâ—allum_n he_o submaresâ—allum_n a_o provost-marshal_n and_o sometime_o more_o according_a to_o the_o difficulty_n and_o exigency_n of_o affair_n who_o exercise_n their_o authority_n by_o commission_n and_o instruction_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o ireland_n but_o these_o and_o all_o other_o curiosity_n of_o this_o nature_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o diligence_n of_o other_o as_o for_o the_o method_n of_o justice_n and_o government_n among_o the_o wild_a irish_a i_o shall_v take_v care_n to_o insert_v something_o in_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o their_o manor_n and_o custom_n the_o 11._o the_o see_v ware_n be_v antiquitat_fw-la hibern_n cap._n 3._o pag._n 11._o division_n of_o ireland_n â—â—â—land_n â—â—â—on_a â—â—â—land_n ireland_n from_o the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n law_n part_n at_o present_a there_o be_v no_o such_o div_o sion_fw-la or_o distinction_n but_o the_o king_n be_v write_v run_v through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o every_o part_n of_o it_o be_v now_o answerable_a to_o law_n they_o who_o reject_v all_o law_n and_o live_v after_o a_o barbarous_a manner_n be_v call_v the_o irishry_n or_o wild_a irish_a but_o those_o civilise_a who_o submit_v themselves_o with_o respect_n and_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n be_v term_v the_o english-irish_a and_o their_o country_n the_o english_a pale_a for_o the_o first_o english_a man_n that_o come_v hither_o set_v their_o boundary_n in_o the_o east_n and_o rich_a part_n of_o the_o island_n as_o take_v in_o for_o themselves_o within_o which_o compass_n even_o at_o this_o day_n some_o remain_n uncivilized_a and_o pay_v no_o deference_n to_o the_o law_n whereas_o some_o without_o be_v as_o courteous_a and_o genteel_a as_o one_o will_v desire_v but_o if_o we_o consider_v it_o as_o it_o be_v more_o early_o this_o country_n from_o its_o situation_n or_o rather_o number_n of_o its_o governor_n heretofore_o must_v be_v divide_v into_o five_o part_n for_o it_o be_v former_o a_o pentarchy_n namely_o munster_n southward_a leinster_n eastward_o connaught_n westward_o ulster_n northward_o and_o meath_z almost_o in_o the_o middle_n which_o as_o to_o civil_a administration_n be_v thus_o divide_v into_o county_n in_o munster_n be_v the_o county_n of_o kerry_n cork_n kerry_n at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v no_o such_o county_n as_o desmond_n part_n of_o that_o territory_n lie_v in_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n and_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cork_n desmond_n cork_n waterford_n limerick_n tiperary_n tiperary_n tiperary_n the_o county_n of_o the_o holy-cross_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o that_o of_o tiperary_n with_o the_o county_n of_o s._n cross_n in_o tiperary_n in_o leinster_n be_v the_o county_n of_o kilkenny_n caterlough_n queen_n county_n king_n county_n kildare_n weishford_n dublin_n in_o meath_z be_v the_o county_n of_o east-meath_a westmeath_a longford_n in_o connaught_n be_v the_o county_n of_o muâ—ster_n of_o instead_o of_o this_o dr._n holland_n have_v put_v clare_n which_o yet_o be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o muâ—ster_n twomund_n galloway_n maio._n slego_n letrim_n rofcomon_n in_o ulster_n be_v the_o county_n of_o louth_n cavon_n farmanagh_n monaghan_n armagh_n down_n antrim_n colran_n tir-oën_a tir-conell_a or_o donegall_a jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n of_o ireland_n be_v ancient_o manage_v by_o the_o bishop_n either_o consecrate_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n or_o by_o one_o another_o but_o in_o the_o year_n 1152_o as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o philip_n of_o flattesbury_n christianus_n bishop_n of_o lismore_n legat_n of_o all_o ireland_n hold_v a_o very_a full_a and_o honourable_a council_n at_o meath_z where_o be_v present_v the_o bishop_n abbot_n king_n duke_n and_o elder_n of_o ireland_n and_o there_o by_o the_o apostolical_a authority_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o cardinal_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o meet_v together_o four_o archbishopric_n be_v constitute_v in_o ireland_n armagh_n dublin_n cassil_n and_o tuam_fw-la the_o bishopric_n which_o be_v under_o these_o former_o for_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v abolish_v to_o feed_v the_o greedy_a humour_n of_o ill_a time_n other_o have_v be_v confound_v or_o annex_v to_o one_o another_o while_o other_o again_o have_v be_v translate_v i_o do_v desire_n to_o subjoin_v here_o in_o their_o true_a and_o ancient_a order_n from_o a_o old_a roman_a provincial_a faithful_o copy_v from_o the_o original_a under_o the_o archbp._n of_o armagh_n primate_n of_o all_o ireland_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o meath_z or_o meath_z or_o cluanard_n the_o bishop_n be_v style_v of_o meath_z elnamirand_n down_o otherwise_o dundalethglass_n clogh_o dundalethglass_n clogh_o cloghor_n otherwise_o lugundun_v down_o lugundun_v connor_n be_v unite_v to_o down_o conner_n ardagh_n conner_n ardagh_n ardachad_n rapho_n ardachad_n rapho_n rathbot_n rathluc_n daln-liguir_a london-derry_n daln-liguir_a derry_n or_o london-derry_n dearrih_n kilmore_n dearrih_n holland_n have_v add_v cloemacniso_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v write_v clonmacnois_n and_o be_v now_o unite_a to_o meath_z as_o also_o dromor_n and_o brefem_v now_o kilmore_n under_o the_o archbp._n of_o dublin_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o
ancient_a and_o noble_a family_n have_v flourish_v from_o the_o first_o conquest_n of_o this_o country_n by_o the_o english_a who_o be_v afterward_o advance_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o baron_n tyrone_n baron_n now_o earl_n of_o tyrone_n curraghmore_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n suit_n stand_v waterford_n waterford_v waterford_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o county_n of_o which_o thus_o old_a necham_n suirius_fw-la insignem_fw-la gaudet_fw-la ditare_fw-la waterford_n aequoreis_fw-la undis_fw-la associatur_fw-la ibi_fw-la thou_o waterford_n suir_n be_v stream_n with_o wealth_n supply_v haste_v to_o pay_v their_o tribute_n to_o the_o sea_n this_o city_n which_o the_o irish_a and_o britain_n call_n porthlargy_n the_o english_a waterford_n be_v first_o build_v by_o certain_a pirate_n of_o norway_n though_o it_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o thick_a air_n and_o on_o a_o barren_a soil_n and_o close_o build_v yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o haven_n honour_n haven_n it_o be_v once_o but_o now_o cork_n may_v claim_v that_o honour_n it_o be_v the_o second_o city_n in_o ireland_n for_o wealth_n and_o populousness_n and_o have_v ever_o continue_v reputation_n continue_v it_o be_v motto_n be_v intacta_fw-la manet_fw-la waterfordia_n but_o in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o irish_a rebellion_n begin_v an._n 1641._o by_o mean_n of_o the_o popish_a clergy_n it_o become_v exceed_v faulty_a now_o that_o the_o english_a inhabitant_n daily_o increase_v we_o may_v expect_v it_o will_v recover_v its_o former_a reputation_n particular_o loyal_a and_o obedient_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o since_o it_o be_v first_o take_v by_o richard_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n it_o have_v be_v so_o faithful_a and_o quiet_a that_o in_o our_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n it_o have_v always_o secure_v we_o from_o any_o attempt_n on_o this_o side_n upon_o this_o account_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v endow_v it_o with_o many_o and_o those_o considerable_a privilege_n which_o be_v enlarge_v and_o confirm_v by_o henry_n 7._o for_o behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a valour_n and_o conduct_n against_o perkin_n warbeck_n a_o sham-prince_n who_o be_v but_o a_o young_a fellow_n of_o mean_a extraction_n have_v the_o impudence_n to_o aim_v at_o the_o imperal_n diadem_n by_o pretend_v to_o be_v richard_z duke_n of_o york_n the_o second_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n 4._o king_n henry_n 6._o give_v the_o county_n of_o waterford_n waterford_v 〈◊〉_d of_o waterford_v together_o with_o the_o city_n to_o john_n talbot_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n in_o word_n which_o so_o clear_o set_v forth_o the_o bravery_n of_o that_o warlike_a man_n that_o i_o can_v but_o think_v it_o worth_a the_o while_n and_o perhaps_o some_o other_o may_v think_v it_o so_o too_o to_o transcribe_v they_o from_o the_o record_n we_o therefore_o say_v the_o king_n after_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o wherein_o one_o see_v the_o defect_n both_o of_o the_o latin_a and_o eloquence_n of_o the_o secretary_n of_o that_o age_n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o valour_n of_o our_o most_o dear_a and_o faithful_a cousin_n john_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o weysford_n lord_n talbot_n of_o furnival_n and_o lestrange_n sufficient_o show_v and_o prove_v in_o the_o war_n aforesaid_a even_o to_o his_o old_a age_n not_o only_o by_o the_o sweat_n of_o his_o body_n but_o many_o time_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o blood_n and_o consider_v how_o our_o county_n and_o city_n of_o waterford_n in_o our_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n with_o the_o castle_n seignory_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n of_o dungarvan_n and_o all_o the_o lordship_n land_n honour_n and_o barony_n and_o their_o appurtenance_n within_o the_o same_o county_n which_o by_o forfeiture_n of_o rebel_n by_o reversion_n or_o decease_n of_o any_o person_n or_o person_n by_o escheat_n or_o any_o other_o title_n of_o law_n aught_o to_o vest_n in_o we_o or_o our_o progenitor_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o invasion_n or_o insurrection_n in_o these_o part_n be_v become_v so_o desolate_a and_o as_o they_o lie_v expose_v to_o the_o spoil_n of_o war_n so_o entire_o waste_v that_o they_o be_v of_o no_o profit_n to_o we_o but_o have_v do_v and_o now_o do_v many_o time_n redound_v to_o our_o loss_n and_o charge_n and_o also_o that_o the_o say_v land_n may_v hereafter_o be_v better_o defend_v against_o the_o attempt_n and_o incursion_n of_o enemy_n or_o rebel_n do_v ordain_v and_o create_v he_o earl_n of_o waterford_n with_o the_o stile_n title_n name_n and_o honour_n thereunto_o belong_v and_o that_o all_o thing_n may_v correspond_v with_o his_o state_n and_o greatness_n we_o hereby_o of_o our_o special_a grace_n certain_a knowledge_n and_o free_a motion_n that_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o earl_n may_v be_v support_v more_o honourable_o do_v give_v grant_v and_o by_o these_o present_v confirm_v unto_o the_o say_a earl_n the_o county_n aforesaid_a together_o with_o the_o aforesaid_a title_n stile_n name_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o waterford_n and_o the_o city_n of_o waterford_n aforesaid_a with_o the_o fee-farm_n castle_n lordship_n honour_n land_n barony_n and_o all_o other_o appurtenance_n within_o the_o county_n as_o also_o all_o manor_n hundred_o wapentake_n etc._n etc._n along_o the_o sea-coast_n from_o the_o town_n of_o yoghall_n to_o the_o city_n of_o waterford_n aforesaid_a to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a county_n of_o waterford_n the_o stile_n title_n name_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n of_o waterford_n and_o likewise_o the_o city_n of_o waterford_n aforesaid_a with_o the_o castle_n seignory_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n of_o dungarvan_n and_o all_o other_o lordship_n honour_n land_n and_o barony_n within_o the_o say_a county_n and_o also_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a manor_n hundred_o etc._n etc._n to_o the_o abovesaid_a earl_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n beget_v to_o hold_v of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n by_o homage_n fealty_n and_o the_o service_n of_o be_v our_o seneschal_n and_o that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n be_v seneschal_n of_o ireland_n ireland_n seneschal_n of_o ireland_n to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n throughout_o our_o whole_a land_n of_o ireland_n to_o do_v and_o that_o he_o do_v and_o ought_v himself_o to_o do_v in_o the_o say_a office_n that_o which_o his_o predecessor_n seneschal_n of_o england_n be_v wont_v former_o to_o do_v for_o we_o in_o that_o office_n in_o witness_v whereof_o etc._n etc._n however_o while_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o their_o nobility_n who_o have_v large_a possession_n in_o ireland_n be_v either_o take_v up_o with_o foreign_a war_n in_o france_n or_o civil_a dissension_n at_o home_n ireland_n be_v quite_o neglect_v so_o that_o the_o english_a interest_n begin_v to_o decay_v caterlogh_n decay_v see_v the_o statute_n of_o absentee_n in_o the_o county_n of_o caterlogh_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o irish_a grow_v formidable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o absence_n and_o than_o it_o be_v enact_v to_o recover_v their_o interest_n and_o to_o suppress_v this_o growth_n of_o the_o irish_a strength_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n for_o his_o absence_n and_o carelessness_n shall_v surrender_v the_o town_n and_o county_n of_o waterford_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n and_o likewise_o that_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n the_o baron_n barkley_n 8_o ann._n 28._o h._n 8_o the_o heir_n female_a of_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o all_o the_o abbot_n prior_n etc._n etc._n of_o england_n who_o hold_v any_o land_n there_o shall_v surrender_v they_o to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n for_o the_o same_o fault_n the_o county_n of_o limerick_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v survey_v the_o maritime_a county_n of_o monster_n two_o remain_v that_o be_v inland_o limerick_n and_o tipperary_n which_o we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o county_n of_o limerick_n lie_v behind_o that_o of_o cork_n northward_o between_o kerry_n the_o river_n shanon_n and_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n fruitful_a and_o well_o inhabit_v but_o it_o have_v few_o remarkable_a town_n the_o west_n part_n of_o it_o be_v call_v conilagh_n conilagh_n conilagh_n where_o among_o the_o hill_n knock-patrick_n knock-patrick_n knock-patrick_n that_o be_v st._n patrick_n hill_n be_v most_o eminent_a for_o its_o height_n from_o the_o top_n whereof_o one_o have_v a_o pleasant_a prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o along_o the_o river_n shanon_n which_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n fall_v from_o a_o wide_a mouth_n into_o the_o vergivian_n ocean_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o hill_n the_o fitzgiralds_a live_v for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o great_a honour_n 11._o knight_n of_o the_o valley_n qu._n elâ—z_n an._n 11._o till_o thomas_n call_v the_o knight_n of_o the_o valley_n or_o the_o glin_n when_o his_o graceless_a son_n be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o arsony_n for_o it_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o law_n of_o ireland_n to_o set_v village_n and_o house_n a_o fire_n be_v also_o find_v a_o accessary_a and_o have_v his_o estate_n
the_o west_n of_o kirkwal_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o large_a bay_n lie_v a_o little_a isle_n call_v damsey_n with_o a_o holm_n beside_o it_o as_o big_a as_o itself_o to_o the_o north-north-west_n lie_v rousa_n a_o large_a isle_n about_o six_o mile_n long_o full_a of_o heatherly_a hill_n well_o store_v with_o plover_n and_o moorfowl_n it_o be_v but_o thin_o inhabit_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o main_a land_n lie_v inhallo_n and_o towards_o kirkwal_n lie_v wyre_n and_o gairsa_n small_a but_o profitable_a isle_n north_n from_o kirkwal_n at_o eight_o mile_n distance_n stand_v eglesha_n something_o more_o than_o two_o mile_n long_o but_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a have_v a_o convenient_a road_n for_o ship_n betwixt_o it_o and_o wire_n there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o little_a handsome_a some_o church_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o st._n magnus_n the_o patron_n of_o this_o country_n lie_v bury_v to_o the_o north_n of_o eglisha_n be_v westra_n seven_o mile_n long_o pleasant_a fertile_a and_o well_o inhabit_v it_o have_v a_o convenient_a harbour_n for_o ship_n at_o piriwa_n at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o it_o lie_v faira_n call_v for_o distinction_n faira_n be_v north_n and_o to_o the_o north-and-by-east_n be_v papa-westra_a a_o pleasant_a isle_n three_o mile_n in_o length_n famous_a for_o saint_n tredwel_n chapel_n and_o loch_n of_o which_o many_o thing_n be_v report_v by_o the_o vulgar_a all_o these_o isle_n be_v indifferent_o fruitful_a well_o store_v with_o field_n of_o corn_n and_o herd_n of_o cattle_n and_o abound_v with_o rabbit_n but_o destitute_a of_o wheat_n rye_n and_o pease_n the_o chief_a product_n of_o this_o country_n and_o which_o be_v export_v yearly_o by_o the_o merchant_n be_v beer_n malt_n meal_n fish_n tallow_n hides_n stocking_n butter_n selch-skin_n otter-skin_n rabbet-skin_n lambskin_n white_a salt_n stuff_n writing-pen_n down_n feather_n ham_n wool_n etc._n etc._n thus_o much_o of_o the_o particular_a island_n they_o have_v good_a store_n of_o field_n and_o garden-plant_n and_o make_v great_a quantity_n of_o butter_n their_o ewe_n be_v so_o fertile_a that_o most_o of_o they_o have_v two_o at_o a_o birth_n and_o some_o three_o nay_o mr._n wallace_n affirm_v that_o he_o have_v see_v four_o at_o a_o birth_n all_o live_n and_o follow_v the_o dam._n their_o horse_n be_v but_o little_a yet_o strong_a and_o lively_a they_o have_v great_a herd_n of_o swine_n and_o warrens_n almost_o in_o every_o isle_n well_o store_v with_o rabbit_n that_o they_o can_v want_v either_o fish_n or_o fowl_n consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n we_o can_v well_o imagine_v the_o eagle_n and_o kite_n be_v there_o in_o great_a plenty_n and_o be_v very_o troublesome_a seize_v sometime_o upon_o young_a child_n and_o carry_v they_o a_o good_a way_n off_o so_o that_o if_o any_o one_o kill_v a_o eagle_n he_o may_v by_o law_n claim_v a_o hen_n out_o of_o every_o house_n in_o the_o parish_n where_o it_o be_v kill_v hawk_n and_o falcon_n have_v their_o nest_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o king_n falconer_n come_v every_o year_n and_o take_v the_o young_a who_o have_v twenty_o pound_n sterling_a in_o salary_n and_o a_o hen_n or_o a_o dog_n out_o of_o every_o house_n in_o the_o country_n except_o some_o house_n that_o be_v privilege_v they_o have_v several_a mine_n of_o silver_n tin_n lead_v and_o perhaps_o of_o other_o metal_n but_o none_o be_v improve_v they_o find_v abundance_n of_o marle_n which_o turn_v to_o good_a account_n to_o the_o husbandman_n freestone_n quarry_n with_o grey_a and_o red_a slate_n be_v in_o many_o place_n and_o in_o some_o marble_n and_o alabaster_n when_o the_o wind_n be_v violent_a the_o sea_n cast_v in_o piece_n of_o tree_n and_o sometime_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n and_o brandy_n ambergreese_v exotic_a fowl_n etc._n etc._n forest_n or_o wood_n they_o have_v none_o nor_o any_o tree_n except_o in_o the_o bishop_n garden_n at_o kirkwall_n where_o there_o be_v some_o ash_n thorn_n and_o plum-tree_n here_o and_o there_o in_o a_o gentleman_n garden_n there_o be_v apple_n and_o cherry-tree_n but_o the_o fruit_n seldom_o come_v to_o any_o maturity_n yet_o it_o shall_v seem_v there_o have_v be_v wood_n former_o for_o they_o find_v tree_n in_o the_o mosses_n of_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o foot_n in_o length_n with_o their_o branch_n entire_a where_o the_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o small_a island_n it_o can_v be_v expect_v there_o shall_v be_v any_o large_a river_n yet_o bourn_v and_o torrent_n they_o have_v well_o replenish_v with_o trout_n there_o be_v many_o loch_n but_o they_o serve_v to_o no_o further_a use_n than_o afford_v water_n to_o their_o mill_n or_o cattle_n the_o many_o excellent_a road_n bay_n and_o port_n make_v it_o exceed_v commodious_a for_o navigation_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o country_n in_o general_n particular_a place_n be_v no_o way_n considerable_a except_o it_o be_v kirkwall_n a_o account_n whereof_o take_v from_o my_o author_n together_o with_o the_o ancient_a state_n of_o the_o church_n of_o orkney_n the_o cathedral_n and_o bishop_n palace_n be_v both_o in_o this_o town_n kâ—râ—wall_n mr._n wallacâ—'s_n account_n of_o kâ—râ—wall_n the_o only_a remarkable_a town_n in_o this_o country_n be_v kirkwall_n a_o ancient_a borough_n long_o possess_v by_o the_o dane_n by_o who_o it_o be_v call_v cracoviaca_n build_v upon_o a_o pleasant_a oyse_n or_o inlet_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o main_a land_n near_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n with_o narrow_a street_n have_v a_o very_a safe_a harbour_n and_o road_n for_o ship_n here_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o justice_n the_o stewart_n sheriff_n commissary_n all_o of_o they_o keep_v their_o several_a court_n in_o this_o place_n almost_o all_o the_o house_n in_o it_o be_v slate_v but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a edifice_n in_o it_o be_v st._n magnus_n church_n and_o the_o bishop_n palace_n as_o for_o the_o king_n castle_n it_o be_v now_o demolish_a but_o by_o the_o ruin_n it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o strong_a and_o stately_a fort_n and_o probable_o build_v by_o some_o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o orkney_n as_o appear_v from_o a_o remarkable_a stone_n set_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o wall_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o streat_n which_o have_v a_o bishop_n mitre_n and_o arm_n engrave_v on_o it_o there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o public_a school_n for_o the_o teach_n of_o grammar_n endow_v with_o a_o competent_a salary_n and_o at_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o town_n be_v a_o place_n build_v by_o the_o english_a ditch_v about_o and_o on_o which_o in_o time_n of_o war_n they_o plant_v cannon_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o harbour_n against_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o anno_fw-la 1666_o when_o there_o be_v war_n between_o our_o king_n and_o the_o hollander_n a_o dutch_a man_n of_o war_n come_v to_o the_o road_n who_o shoot_v many_o gun_n at_o the_o town_n with_o a_o design_n to_o take_v away_o some_o of_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v in_o the_o harbour_n be_v by_o some_o cannon_n from_o the_o mount_n so_o bruise_v that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o flee_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o his_o man_n this_o town_n have_v be_v erect_v into_o a_o royal_a borough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o anno_fw-la 1480_o king_n james_n the_o three_o give_v they_o a_o charter_n confirm_v their_o old_a erection_n and_o privilege_n specify_v their_o antiquity_n and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o hold_v borough-court_n to_o incarcerate_v and_o arrest_v to_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n and_o to_o elect_v their_o own_o magistrate_n yearly_a for_o the_o right_a government_n of_o the_o town_n to_o have_v a_o weekly_a market_n on_o tuesday_n and_o friday_n and_o three_o fair_n in_o the_o year_n one_o about_o palm-sunday_n another_o at_o lammas_n and_o the_o three_o at_o martinmas_n each_o to_o continue_v three_o day_n he_o moreover_o dispose_v to_o they_o some_o land_n about_o the_o town_n with_o the_o custom_n and_o shore-dues_a and_o the_o power_n of_o a_o pitt_n and_o gallow_n and_o all_o other_o privilege_n grant_v to_o any_o royal_a borough_n within_o the_o kingdom_n exempt_n they_o from_o send_v any_o commissioner_n to_o parliament_n unless_o their_o own_o necessity_n require_v it_o this_o charter_n be_v date_v at_o edinburgh_n the_o last_o of_o march_n 1486._o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1536_o february_n the_o 8_o king_n james_n the_o five_o ratify_v the_o former_a charter_n by_o a_o new_a charter_n of_o confirmation_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1661._o king_n charles_n after_o his_o restoration_n ratify_v the_o former_a charter_n by_o a_o signiture_n under_o his_o royal_a hand_n date_v at_o whitehall_n may_v the_o 25_o whereupon_o the_o parliament_n at_o edinburgh_n the_o 22d_o of_o august_n 1670_o confirm_v all_o by_o their_o act_n yet_o with_o this_o special_a provision_n
that_o what_o be_v grant_v to_o they_o by_o that_o act_n may_v not_o prejudice_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o orkney_n the_o town_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o provost_n four_o bailiff_n and_o a_o common_a council_n as_o in_o other_o borough_n the_o church_n of_o this_o country_n as_o also_o that_o of_o zetland_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o one_o bishop_n style_v the_o bishop_n of_o orkney_n and_o zetland_n the_o bishop_n revenue_n be_v great_a before_o but_o at_o present_v it_o will_v not_o amount_v to_o much_o more_o than_o eight_o thousand_o mark_n chamberlain_n and_o other_o officer_n fee_n be_v pay_v the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v st._n magnus_n church_n in_o kirkwall_n it_o be_v found_v as_o it_o be_v think_v by_o st._n magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n but_o afterward_o great_o enlarge_v by_o some_o of_o the_o pious_a bishop_n of_o that_o see_v for_o bishop_n stewart_n enlarge_v it_o to_o the_o east_n all_o above_o the_o grease_n and_o bishop_n reid_n three_o pillar_n to_o the_o west_n it_o be_v as_o beautiful_a and_o stately_a a_o structure_n as_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n build_v across_o way_n for_o the_o most_o part_n freestone_n stand_v on_o pillar_n all_o most_o curious_o vault_v the_o three_o gate_n by_o which_o they_o enter_v into_o it_o be_v chequer_a with_o red_a and_o white_a polish_a stone_n emboss_v and_o flower_v in_o a_o comely_a way_n and_o the_o steeple_n elevate_v to_o a_o great_a height_n stand_v on_o four_o stately_a pillar_n in_o which_o be_v a_o set_v of_o as_o excellent_a and_o sweet_a chime_v bell_n as_o in_o any_o cathedral_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o year_n 1670_o the_o pyramid_n of_o the_o steeple_n be_v cover_v with_o wood_n be_v burn_v by_o thunder_n but_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o bishop_n mackenzie_n and_o liberality_n of_o some_o charitable_a person_n it_o be_v again_o repair_v and_o the_o large_a bell_n which_o have_v get_v a_o rift_n by_o the_o fall_n it_o have_v at_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o steeple_n be_v refounded_n and_o cast_v over_o again_o in_o holland_n beside_o the_o cathedral_n there_o be_v thirty_o one_o church_n more_o in_o this_o country_n wherein_o divine_a service_n be_v celebrate_v as_o also_o a_o great_a many_o ancient_a chapel_n above_o a_o hundred_o in_o number_n which_o show_v that_o this_o country_n be_v no_o less_o ancient_o than_o it_o be_v at_o present_a addict_v to_o devotion_n this_o diocese_n have_v its_o several_a ancient_a dignity_n and_o privilege_n for_o a_o long_a time_n but_o these_o by_o the_o constant_a trouble_n that_o this_o country_n be_v in_o by_o the_o change_n of_o master_n be_v lessen_v and_o grow_v worse_o bishop_n robert_n reid_n make_v a_o new_a erection_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o chapter_n viz._n seven_o dignity_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v a_o provost_n to_o who_o under_o the_o bishop_n the_o correction_n and_o amendment_n of_o the_o canon_n prebend_n and_o chaplain_n be_v to_o belong_v he_o have_v allot_v to_o he_o the_o prebendary_a of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n the_o vicarage_n of_o south_n ronaldsha_n with_o the_o maintenance_n of_o of_o the_o kirk_n of_o burra_n 2._o a_o archdeacon_n who_o be_v to_o govern_v the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n and_o to_o he_o be_v allot_v the_o arch-deacon's_a ancient_a right_n the_o vicarage_n of_o birsa_n and_o chaplainry_n of_o st._n ola_n within_o the_o cathedral_n kirk_n of_o kirkwall_n together_o with_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o kirk_n of_o hare_n 3._o a_o precentor_n who_o be_v to_o rule_v the_o singer_n in_o the_o choir_n in_o the_o elevation_n or_o depression_n of_o their_o song_n and_o to_o he_o be_v allot_v the_o prebendary_a of_o orphir_n and_o vicarage_n of_o stennis_n 4._o a_o chancellor_n who_o be_v to_o be_v learn_v in_o both_o law_n and_o bind_v to_o read_v in_o the_o pontifical_a law_n public_o in_o the_o chapter_n to_o all_o that_o aught_o to_o be_v present_a and_o to_o look_v to_o the_o 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he_o be_v to_o be_v confessor_n of_o the_o household_n of_o the_o bishop_n provost_z canon_n and_o chaplain_n and_o the_o servant_n in_o the_o time_n of_o easter_n and_o to_o administer_v the_o eucharist_n to_o they_o the_o four_o prebend_n be_v to_o have_v the_o chaplainry_n of_o st._n john_n the_o evangelist_n in_o the_o say_a cathedral_n kirk_n the_o five_o prebend_n be_v to_o have_v the_o chaplainary_a of_o st._n laurence_n the_o six_o be_v to_o have_v the_o prebendary_a of_o st._n catharine_n and_o the_o seven_o prebend_n be_v to_o have_v the_o prebendary_a of_o st._n duthas_n to_o which_o seven_o dignity_n and_o seven_o prebendary_n he_o moreover_o assign_v and_o allot_v beside_o the_o former_a kirk_n and_o title_n the_o rent_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o parsonage_n of_o st._n colme_z in_o waes_n and_o holy-cross_n in_o westra_n as_o also_o the_o vicaridge_n of_o the_o parish_n church_n of_o sandwick_n and_o stromness_n with_o their_o pertinent_o for_o their_o daily_a 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distribution_n which_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v from_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o vicarage_n of_o the_o cathedral_n kirk_n and_o from_o the_o foundation_n of_o thomas_n bishop_n of_o orkney_n and_o of_o the_o twelve_o pound_n mortify_v by_o king_n james_n the_o three_o and_o king_n james_n the_o four_o king_n of_o scotland_n the_o office_n of_o which_o chorister_n be_v to_o sing_v mass_n evening_n and_o morning_n by_o turn_n to_o which_o he_o add_v a_o sacrist_n who_o be_v to_o ring_v the_o bell_n and_o light_a the_o lamp_n and_o carry_v in_o water_n and_o fire_n to_o the_o church_n and_o to_o go_v before_o the_o procession_n with_o a_o white_a rod_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o beadle_n and_o for_o this_o he_o be_v to_o have_v the_o accustom_a revenue_n together_o with_o forty_o shilling_n from_o the_o bishop_n yearly_o moreover_o
so_o boethius_n in_o his_o character_n of_o they_o put_v both_o these_o property_n together_o say_v of_o they_o quod_fw-la erant_fw-la corporibus_fw-la robustissimis_fw-la candidisque_fw-la the_o like_o say_v verstegan_n of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v tall_a and_o strong_a of_o body_n and_o of_o a_o fair_a complexion_n and_o so_o it_o be_v at_o this_o very_a hour_n there_o be_v no_o people_n in_o scotland_n that_o more_o resemble_v the_o pict_n in_o these_o quality_n than_o the_o generality_n of_o our_o orkney_n man_n and_o woman_n do_v be_v general_o strong_a build_v and_o very_o beautiful_a and_o lovely_a or_o the_o roman_n may_v have_v call_v they_o picti_n because_o be_v a_o people_n much_o delight_v in_o war_n they_o have_v their_o shield_n paint_v with_o divers_a colour_n for_o alex._n ab_fw-la alex._n lib._n 2._o gen_fw-la dier_z cap._n 22._o observe_n that_o it_o be_v the_o way_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n so_o to_o do_v say_v germani_n scuta_fw-la lectissimis_fw-la coloribus_fw-la distinxere_fw-la though_o i_o think_v it_o more_o probable_a they_o be_v call_v so_o because_o to_o make_v themselves_o more_o terrible_a to_o their_o enemy_n they_o use_v to_o paint_v their_o body_n with_o the_o image_n of_o divers_a beast_n or_o imprint_v they_o on_o their_o flesh_n with_o some_o iron_n instrument_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o claudian_n to_o say_v of_o they_o ferroque_fw-la notas_fw-la perlegit_fw-la exanimes_fw-la picto_fw-la moriente_fw-la figuras_fw-la and_o various_a figure_n on_o their_o body_n spy_v while_o die_v pict_n upon_o the_o ground_n do_v lie_v but_o at_o what_o time_n these_o pict_n first_o plant_v these_o isle_n be_v somewhat_o controvert_v by_o our_o writer_n some_o say_v that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 4867_o the_o pict_n have_v leave_v their_o native_a country_n to_o seek_v out_o some_o new_a habitation_n to_o themselves_o come_v first_o to_o orkney_n where_o they_o leave_v a_o colony_n to_o plant_v the_o 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this_o invasion_n come_v with_o his_o army_n so_o unexpected_o upon_o he_o and_o assault_v he_o so_o vigorous_o that_o he_o put_v his_o soldier_n to_o flight_n a_o great_a many_o escape_n by_o boat_n but_o belus_n himself_o be_v put_v to_o that_o strait_a that_o he_o slay_v himself_o lest_o he_o shall_v fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n hand_n after_o he_o we_o read_v of_o another_o king_n of_o orkney_n call_v ganus_n in_o the_o time_n of_o caratacus_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o of_o who_o it_o be_v report_v that_o claudius_n caesar_n be_v in_o england_n after_o he_o have_v settle_v the_o roman_a interest_n there_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 43._o take_v a_o resolution_n to_o invade_v and_o subdue_v orkney_n pretend_v that_o that_o people_n have_v assist_v the_o scot_n against_o he_o but_o indeed_o that_o he_o may_v get_v some_o glory_n to_o himself_o by_o vanquish_a so_o remote_a a_o people_n and_o so_o he_o come_v with_o his_o navy_n and_o force_n to_o this_o country_n where_o though_o the_o 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orkney_n and_o the_o strathiern_n coast_n and_o britan_n who_o of_o short_a night_n do_v boast_v a_o little_a after_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o such_o cause_n to_o triumph_v over_o orkney_n for_o when_o agricola_n be_v their_o general_n britain_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 87_o as_o hendry_n isaacson_n compute_v it_o in_o his_o chronological_a table_n he_o send_v a_o navy_n to_o sail_v about_o britain_n to_o discover_v the_o largeness_n of_o it_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o isle_n or_o not_o and_o after_o they_o have_v coast_v many_o day_n towards_o the_o north_n they_o come_v at_o last_o in_o sight_n of_o orkney_n which_o tacitus_n for_o want_v of_o better_a information_n imagine_v to_o be_v unknown_a before_o that_o time_n but_o dreda_v to_o pass_v through_o pightland_n firth_n for_o fear_n of_o shallows_o they_o seize_v some_o of_o the_o husbandman_n that_o live_v in_o the_o next_o island_n constrain_a they_o to_o go_v aboard_o and_o pilot_n they_o through_o the_o firth_n but_o 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the_o
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the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n but_o as_o to_o the_o original_n of_o
the_o people_n tacitus_n tacitus_n tacitus_n imagine_v they_o to_o have_v come_v first_o from_o iberia_n upon_o account_n of_o their_o vultus_fw-la their_o colorati_fw-la vultus_fw-la ruddy_a complexion_n their_o curl_a hair_n and_o their_o situation_n over_o against_o spain_n but_o florianus_n del_fw-it campo_n a_o spaniard_n be_v very_o positive_a in_o that_o matter_n and_o take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o find_v the_o silures_n in_o spain_n and_o to_o obtrude_v upon_o we_o i_o know_v not_o what_o story_n about_o soloria_n and_o siloria_fw-la among_o the_o old_a astures_n however_o this_o country_n be_v very_o large_a for_o it_o seem_v probable_a from_o pliny_n and_o tacitus_n that_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o all_o south-wales_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v hardy_a stout_a warlike_a averse_a to_o servitude_n of_o great_a boldness_n and_o resolution_n term_v by_o the_o roman_n pervicacia_fw-la roman_n pervicacia_fw-la obstinacy_n and_o stubbornness_n not_o to_o be_v wrought_v upon_o either_o by_o threat_n or_o kindness_n and_o their_o posterity_n have_v not_o degenerate_v in_o any_o of_o these_o particular_n when_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o a_o itch_a desire_n of_o enlarge_a their_o empire_n make_v attempt_n upon_o they_o xlvii_o see_v pag._n xlvii_o they_o partly_o repose_v a_o confidence_n in_o the_o courage_n and_o conduct_n of_o king_n caratacus_n and_o partly_o incense_v by_o a_o say_n of_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v as_o entire_o rout_v as_o the_o sugambri_n have_v be_v engage_v the_o roman_n in_o a_o very_a troublesome_a and_o difficult_a war_n for_o have_v intercept_v the_o auxiliary_a troop_n cut_v off_o the_o legion_n under_o marius_n valens_n and_o waste_v the_o territory_n of_o their_o ally_n p._n ostorius_n propraetor_n in_o britain_n be_v quite_o wear_v out_o with_o all_o these_o cross_n and_o die_v of_o grief_n veranius_n too_o who_o govern_v britain_n under_o nero_n be_v baffle_v in_o this_o enterprise_n against_o they_o for_o where_o tacitus_n say_v fourteen_o tacit._n annal_n l._n fourteen_o illu_z modicis_fw-la excursibus_fw-la sylvas_fw-la populatum_fw-la esse_fw-la that_o he_o destroy_v and_o waste_v the_o wood_n with_o slight_a excursion_n instead_o of_o sylvas_fw-la with_o the_o learned_a lipsius_n only_o read_v siluras_n and_o all_o be_v right_a nor_o can_v a_o end_n be_v make_v of_o this_o war_n before_o vespasian_n reign_n for_o then_o julius_n frontinus_n subdue_v they_o and_o keep_v they_o quiet_a by_o garrison_n of_o the_o legion_n a_o certain_a countryman_n of_o we_o have_v wrest_v that_o verse_n of_o juvenal_n upon_o crispinus_n to_o these_o silures_n magnâ_fw-la qui_fw-la voce_fw-la solebat_fw-la vendere_fw-la municipes_fw-la fractâ_fw-la de_fw-la merce_v siluros_fw-la who_o with_o hideous_a cry_n bawl_v out_o his_o break_a sturgeon_n in_o the_o street_n as_o if_o some_o of_o our_o silures_n have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o expose_v to_o sale_n at_o rome_n but_o take_v it_o upon_o my_o word_n he_o have_v mistake_v the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o poet._n for_o any_o one_o that_o read_v that_o passage_n with_o attention_n will_v quick_o perceive_v that_o by_o siluros_n he_o design_n to_o express_v a_o sort_n of_o fish_n and_o not_o a_o people_n herefordshire_n herefordshire_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n ereinuc_fw-la be_v in_o a_o manner_n of_o a_o circular_a form_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n and_o gloucester_n on_o the_o south_n with_o monmouth_n on_o the_o west_n with_o radnor_n and_o breknock_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o shropshire_n a_o country_n beside_o its_o pleasantness_n both_o for_o feed_v of_o cattle_n and_o produce_v of_o corn_n every_o where_n of_o a_o excellent_a soil_n and_o admirable_o well_o provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n for_o life_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v scorn_v to_o come_v behind_o any_o county_n in_o england_n for_o fruitfulness_n of_o soil_n england_n soil_n and_o therefore_o say_v that_o for_o three_o w._n w._n w._n wheat_n wool_n and_o water_n it_o yield_v to_o no_o shire_n of_o england_n to_o which_o excellency_n be_v to_o be_v add_v its_o fine_a river_n the_o wye_n the_o lugier_n and_o the_o munow_v which_o after_o they_o have_v water_v the_o verdant_a flowery_a meadow_n and_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a cornfield_n at_o last_o have_v their_o conflux_n and_o in_o one_o channel_n pass_v to_o the_o severn-sea_n asleep_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d river_n 〈◊〉_d the_o munow_n have_v its_o rise_n in_o hatterell-hill_n which_o shoot_v up_o aloft_o look_v as_o it_o be_v like_o a_o chair_n and_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o wall_n to_o this_o shire_n on_o the_o south-west-side_n hence_o the_o river_n descend_v first_o struggle_v southward_o along_o the_o foot_n of_o these_o hill_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o blestium_fw-la a_o town_n so_o place_v by_o antoninus_n that_o both_o for_o situation_n and_o distance_n it_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o that_o which_o stand_v upon_o this_o river_n town_n 〈◊〉_d town_n be_v by_o the_o britain_n call_v castle_n hean_n that_o be_v the_o old_a castle_n by_o we_o the_o old_a town_n a_o inconsiderable_a village_n but_o nevertheless_o this_o new_a name_n make_v much_o for_o its_o antiquity_n for_o in_o both_o tongue_n it_o sound_v a_o old_a castle_n or_o town_n next_o to_o this_o lie_v alterynnis_n surround_v with_o water_n cecil_n alterynnis_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o cecil_n as_o it_o be_v a_o island_n in_o a_o river_n the_o seat_n in_o former_a age_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o knightly_a family_n of_o the_o sitsilter_n or_o cecil_n whence_o my_o right_a honourable_a patron_n high_o accomplish_v with_o all_o the_o ornament_n of_o virtue_n wisdom_n and_o nobility_n sir_n william_n cecil_n baron_n of_o burghley_n and_o lord_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n be_v descend_v from_o hence_o the_o munow_v turn_v eastward_o for_o a_o good_a way_n part_v this_o province_n from_o monmouthshire_n and_o be_v augment_v by_o the_o river_n door_n at_o map-harald_n or_o harald_n ewias_n harald-ewias_a harald-ewias_a a_o castle_n this_o ewias-castle_n to_o give_v you_o the_o word_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o be_v book_n be_v repair_v by_o alured_n of_o marleberg_n ewias_n the_o family_n of_o ewias_n afterward_o it_o belong_v to_o one_o harald_n a_o nobleman_n who_o arms._n their_o arms._n in_o a_o shield_n argent_fw-fr bear_v a_o fess_n gules_a between_o three_o estoile_n sable_a from_o who_o it_o first_o take_v the_o name_n of_o harold_n ewias_n but_o sibyl_n his_o great-grand-daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n transfer_v it_o by_o marriage_n to_o the_o lord_n tregoz_n grandison_n tregoz_fw-mi and_o grandison_n from_o who_o it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o grandison_n original_o of_o burgundy_n of_o who_o elsewhere_o now_o the_o door_n abovementioned_a fall_v down_o from_o the_o north_n by_o snotthill_n a_o castle_n vale._n gidden_n vale._n and_o sometime_o the_o barony_n of_o robert_n chandois_n where_o there_o be_v a_o quarry_n of_o excellent_a marble_n cut_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o valley_n which_o the_o britain_n from_o the_o river_n call_v diffrin_n door_n but_o the_o english_a that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o express_v the_o force_n of_o that_o word_n have_v term_v it_o the_o golden_a vale._n which_o name_n it_o may_v well_o be_v think_v to_o deserve_v for_o its_o golden_a rich_a and_o pleasant_a fertility_n for_o the_o hill_n that_o encompass_v it_o on_o both_o side_n be_v clothe_v with_o wood_n under_o the_o wood_n lie_v cornfield_n on_o each_o hand_n and_o under_o those_o field_n lovely_a and_o gallant_a meadow_n in_o the_o middle_n between_o they_o glide_v a_o clear_a and_o crystal_n river_n on_o which_o robert_n earl_n of_o ewias_n erect_v a_o fine_a monastery_n wherein_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o these_o part_n be_v bury_v part_v of_o this_o county_n which_o bend_v towards_o the_o east_n now_o call_v irchenfeld_n 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wales_n and_o to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a book_n the_o man_n
imp._n m_o aurelio_n antonino_n auc_n sever_n lucii_n filio_fw-la lec._n jiv_n vg_n p_o sic_fw-la together_o with_o these_o two_o fragment_n centurio_n centurio_n out_o centurio_n this_o be_v late_o in_o the_o school-wall_n at_o kaêr_n lheion_n but_o be_v now_o raze_v out_o †_o 7._o veciliana_n 977._o veciliana_n this_o be_v in_o the_o garden-wall_n at_o moin_n court_n but_o the_o first_o line_n viii_o and_o this_o character_n 7._o be_v not_o visible_a see_v rein_n syntag._n inscr_n pag._n 977._o viii_o 7._o valeria_n maxsimi_fw-la f_o here_o also_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a conquest_n be_v a_o academy_n of_o 200_o philosopher_n who_o be_v skilled_a in_o astronomy_n and_o other_o science_n observe_v accurate_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n as_o we_o be_v inform_v by_o alexander_n elsebiensis_n a_o very_a scarce_a author_n out_o of_o who_o much_o have_v be_v transcribe_v for_o my_o use_n by_o the_o learned_a thomas_n james_n james_n tho._n james_n of_o oxford_n who_o may_v deserve_o be_v style_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o one_o that_o be_v whole_o intent_n upon_o book_n and_o learning_n and_o be_v at_o present_a god_n prosper_v his_o endeavour_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o promote_a the_o public_a good_a busy_o employ_v in_o search_v the_o library_n of_o england_n on_o a_o design_n that_o be_v like_a to_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n 2._o when_o giraldus_n write_v this_o city_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o place_n of_o considerable_a strength_n for_o we_o find_v that_o yrwith_o of_o kaer_n lheion_n a_o courageous_a britain_n defend_v it_o a_o long_a time_n against_o the_o english_a force_n till_o at_o last_o be_v overpower_a by_o the_o king_n he_o be_v dispossess_v of_o it_o but_o now_o a_o fair_a instance_n that_o city_n as_o well_o as_o man_n have_v their_o vicissitude_n and_o fortune_n that_o be_v become_v a_o inconsiderable_a small_a town_n which_o once_o be_v of_o so_o great_a extent_n on_o each_o side_n the_o river_n that_o they_o affirm_v st._n gilian_n the_o house_n of_o the_o honourable_a sir_n william_n herbert_n a_o person_n no_o less_o eminent_a for_o wit_n and_o judgement_n than_o noble_a extraction_n to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o city_n and_o in_o that_o place_n the_o church_n of_o julius_n the_o martyr_n be_v say_v to_o have_v stand_v which_o be_v now_o about_o a_o mile_n out_o of_o the_o town_n from_o the_o ruin_n also_o of_o this_o city_n newport_n newport_n newport_n have_v its_o beginning_n seated_z a_o little_a low_o at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o river_n usk._n by_o giraldus_n it_o be_v call_v novus_n burgus_n it_o be_v a_o town_n of_o late_a foundation_n and_o of_o considerable_a note_n for_o a_o castle_n and_o a_o convenient_a harbour_n where_o there_o be_v former_o some_o military-way_n mention_v by_o necham_n in_o these_o verse_n intrat_fw-la &_o auget_fw-la aquas_fw-la sabrini_fw-la fluminis_fw-la osca_n praeceps_fw-la testis_fw-la erit_fw-la julia_n strata_fw-la mihi_fw-la increase_v with_o usk_n do_v severn_n rise_v as_o julia_n strata_n testify_v that_o this_o julia_n strata_n be_v a_o way_n we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o question_v and_o if_o we_o may_v be_v free_a to_o conjecture_v it_o seem_v not_o absurd_a to_o suppose_v it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o julius_n frontinus_n who_o conquer_v the_o silures_n not_o far_o from_o this_o newburgh_n say_v giraldus_n there_o glide_v a_o small_a stream_n call_v nant_n pènkarn_v passable_a but_o at_o some_o certain_a ford_n not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o depth_n of_o its_o water_n as_o the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o deepness_n of_o the_o mud_n it_o have_v former_o a_o ford_n call_v rhÅ·d_v penkarn_v now_o of_o a_o long_a time_n discontinue_v henry_n 2._o king_n of_o england_n have_v by_o chance_n pass_v this_o ford_n the_o welsh_a who_o rely_v too_o much_o upon_o old_a prophecy_n be_v present_o discourage_v because_o their_o oracle_n merlinus_fw-la sylvester_n have_v foretell_v that_o whenever_o a_o strong_a prince_n with_o a_o freckle_a face_n such_o as_o king_n henry_n be_v shall_v pass_v that_o ford_n the_o british_a force_n shall_v be_v vanquish_v during_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n this_o county_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o mountain-welsh_a call_v by_o they_o dun-settan_a set_v dun_n set_v who_o be_v yet_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o ancient_a law_n at_o the_o first_o come_v in_o of_o the_o norman_n the_o lord_n marcher_n grievous_o plague_v and_o annoy_v they_o especial_o the_o abovementioned_a hamelin_n balun_n hugh_n lacie_n walter_n and_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n etc._n clare_n mile_n of_o gloucester_n robert_n chandos_n pain_n fitz-john_n richard_n fitz-punt_n and_o etc._n etc._n and_o brien_n of_o wallingford_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v all_o they_o can_v acquire_v in_o these_o part_n some_o of_o they_o reduce_v by_o degree_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o this_o county_n which_o they_o call_v over-went_a and_o other_o the_o low_a land_n call_v netherwent_a parish_n in_o this_o county_n 127._o addition_n to_o monmouthshire_n asleep_o mynydh_n kader_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n be_v the_o name_n of_o many_o mountain_n in_o wales_n thus_o denominate_v as_o kader_n arthur_n kader_n verwin_n kader_n idris_n kader_n dhinmael_n kader_n your_o ychen_n etc._n etc._n which_o the_o learned_a dr._n davies_n suppose_v to_o have_v be_v so_o call_v not_o from_o their_o resemblance_n to_o a_o kà dair_n or_o chair_n but_o because_o they_o have_v be_v either_o fortify_v place_n or_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o natural_o impregnable_a by_o such_o as_o first_o impose_v those_o name_n on_o they_o for_o the_o british_a kader_n as_o well_o as_o the_o irish_a word_n kathair_n signify_v ancient_o a_o fort_n or_o bulwark_n whence_o probable_o the_o modern_a word_n kaer_n of_o the_o same_o signification_n may_v be_v corrupt_v b_o lhan_n lhan_n lhan_n proper_o signify_v a_o yard_n or_o some_o small_a enclosure_n as_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o compound_a word_n for_o we_o find_v a_o vineyard_n call_v gwinlhan_a a_o orchard_n per-lhan_a a_o hay-yard_n yd-lhan_a a_o churchyard_n korph-lhan_a a_o sheep-fold_n kor-lhan_a etc._n etc._n however_o as_o giraldus_n observe_v it_o denote_v separately_z a_o church_n or_o chapel_n and_o be_v of_o common_a use_n in_o that_o sense_n throughout_o all_o wales_n probable_o because_o such_o yard_n or_o enclosure_n may_v be_v place_n of_o worship_n in_o the_o time_n of_o heathenism_n or_o upon_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o christianity_n when_o church_n be_v scarce_o c_o that_o this_o jeffrey_n of_o monmouth_n as_o well_o as_o most_o other_o writer_n of_o the_o monkish_a time_n abound_v with_o fable_n be_v not_o deny_v by_o such_o as_o contend_v for_o some_o authority_n to_o that_o history_n but_o that_o those_o fable_n be_v of_o his_o own_o invention_n seem_v too_o severe_a a_o censure_n of_o our_o author_n and_o scarce_o a_o just_a accusation_n since_o we_o find_v most_o or_o all_o of_o they_o in_o that_o british_a history_n he_o translate_v whereof_o a_o ancient_a copy_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o library_n of_o jesus-college_n at_o oxford_n which_o conclude_v to_o this_o effect_n walter_n archdeacon_n of_o oxford_n compose_v this_o book_n in_o latin_a out_o of_o british_a record_n which_o he_o afterward_o thus_o render_v into_o modern_a british_a we_o find_v also_o many_o of_o the_o same_o fable_n in_o ninnius_n who_o write_v his_o eulogium_fw-la britanniae_fw-la about_o three_o hundred_o year_n before_o this_o galfridus_n arturius_n compose_v the_o british_a history_n as_o to_o the_o regard_n due_a to_o that_o history_n in_o general_n the_o judicious_a reader_n may_v consult_v dr._n powel_n epistle_n de_n britannica_fw-la historia_fw-la rectè_fw-la intelligenda_fw-la and_o dr._n davies_n preface_n to_o his_o british_a lexicon_n and_o balance_v they_o with_o the_o argument_n and_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o whole_o reject_v they_o near_a monmouth_n stand_v a_o noble_a house_n build_v by_o his_o grace_n henry_n duke_n of_o beaufort_n call_v troy_n the_o residence_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n charles_n marquis_n of_o worcester_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o it_o and_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o monmouth_n settle_v upon_o he_o with_o other_o large_a possession_n in_o this_o county_n by_o the_o duke_n his_o father_n e_fw-la the_o english_a name_n of_o wentset_a etc._n wentseâ—_n etc._n etc._n and_o wents_a land_n have_v their_o origin_n from_o the_o british_a word_n ggo_v whereby_o almost_o all_o this_o country_n and_o part_n of_o glocestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n be_v call_v till_o wales_n be_v divide_v into_o county_n but_o it_o seem_v questionable_a whether_o that_o name_n ggo_v be_v owe_v to_o the_o city_n venta_n or_o whether_o the_o roman_n may_v not_o call_v this_o city_n venta_n silurum_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o iceni_n and_o that_o other_o of_o the_o belgae_n
diffuse_v her_o charity_n all_o over_o the_o country_n this_o castle_n be_v wash_v on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o river_n eden_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v great_a trench_n as_o if_o the_o first_o builder_n have_v intend_v to_o draw_v the_o water_n round_o it_o but_o the_o attempt_n prov_fw-mi d_o ineffectual_a from_o whence_o they_o have_v a_o old_a rhyme_n hereabout_o let_v uter_n pendragon_n do_v what_o he_o he_o can_v the_o river_n eden_n will_v run_v where_o it_o run_v h_o the_o baron_n of_o wharton_n be_v still_o possess_v of_o wharton-hall_n whaâ—â—-haâ—â—_a whaâ—â—-haâ—â—_a philip_n the_o last_o baron_n mention_v by_o our_o author_n be_v succeed_v in_o this_o honour_n by_o philip_n his_o grandchild_n son_n of_o sir_n thomas_n his_o elder_a son_n who_o die_v in_o his_o father_n life_n time_n who_o still_o enjoy_v it_o i_o instead_o of_o say_v with_o our_o author_n that_o the_o musgraves_n musgâ—â—â—_n musgâ—â—â—_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o town_n of_o that_o name_n it_o be_v more_o probable_a the_o town_n have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o family_n for_o the_o name_n of_o musgrave_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o those_o which_o have_v be_v take_v from_o office_n and_o civil_a or_o military_a honour_n and_o be_v of_o the_o like_a original_n as_o landtgraff_n markgraff_n burggraff_n etc._n etc._n among_o the_o german_n and_o indeed_o this_o name_n and_o markgraff_n now_o turn_v into_o marquis_n be_v probable_o the_o same_o the_o signification_n of_o both_o be_v dux_n limitaneus_fw-la and_o ancient_o musgrave_n or_o mosgrave_n be_v all_o one_o as_o in_o our_o late_a language_n a_o lord_n warden_n of_o the_o march_n it_o be_v therefore_o no_o compliment_n to_o this_o honourable_a family_n to_o foist_v the_o name_n as_o some_o have_v do_v into_o one_o or_o two_o copy_n of_o battle-abbey-roll_n have_v enough_o of_o true_a old_a english_a honour_n and_o not_o need_v to_o borrow_v any_o of_o its_o lustre_n from_o the_o norman_n yet_o even_o this_o opinion_n if_o it_o shall_v prevail_v destroy_v our_o author_n that_o the_o family_n of_o the_o musgraves_n have_v their_o name_n from_o these_o village_n k_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v brough_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d consist_v at_o present_a of_o two_o good_a village_n upper_a otherwise_o church-brough_n where_o the_o church_n stand_v whereof_o robert_n eglesfield_n founder_n of_o queens-college_n in_o oxford_n be_v rector_n and_o procure_v the_o appropriation_n thereof_o from_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o to_o the_o say_a college_n here_o also_o stand_v the_o castle_n of_o brough_n and_o a_o tower_n call_v caesar_n tower_n which_o be_v probable_o the_o propugnaculum_fw-la our_o author_n speak_v of_o because_o the_o castle_n be_v in_o his_o time_n raze_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o wall_n of_o the_o tower_n only_o remain_v which_o be_v late_o rebuilt_a by_o the_o countess_n of_o pembroke_n beforementioned_a near_o the_o bridge_n there_o be_v a_o spaw-well_a late_o discover_v by_o the_o present_a vicar_n of_o the_o place_n the_o reverend_a mr._n john_n harrison_n the_o other_o village_n be_v call_v lower-brough_n from_o its_o situation_n and_o market-brough_n from_o a_o market_n hold_v there_o every_o thursday_n l_o the_o next_o old_a town_n be_v apleby_n aâ—â—â—_n aâ—â—â—_n which_o have_v several_a testimony_n of_o its_o ancient_a splendour_n though_o at_o present_v it_o be_v very_o much_o decay_v henry_n the_o first_o give_v they_o privilege_n equal_a to_o york_n that_o city_n charter_n be_v grant_v as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o forenoon_n and_o this_o in_o the_o afternoon_n henry_n the_o second_o grant_v they_o another_o charter_n of_o the_o like_a immunity_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o in_o who_o time_n there_o be_v a_o exchequer_n here_o call_v scaccarium_n de_fw-fr apleby_n a_o three_o which_o be_v in_o omnibus_fw-la sicut_fw-la eboracum_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o succeed_a king_n of_o england_n when_o it_o be_v first_o govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n do_v not_o appear_v but_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o they_o have_v a_o mayor_n and_o two_o provost_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v former_o man_n of_o principal_a note_n i.e._n sheriff_n or_o the_o same_o as_o we_o now_o call_v bailiff_n and_o sign_v the_o public_a act_n of_o the_o town_n along_o with_o the_o mayor_n 〈…〉_o mayor_n 〈…〉_o though_o at_o present_a they_o only_o attend_v the_o body_n of_o the_o mayor_n with_o two_o halberd_n brompton_n make_v mention_n of_o apleby-schire_a which_o shall_v seem_v to_o imply_v that_o at_o that_o time_n it_o have_v sheriff_n of_o its_o own_o as_o most_o citieâ—_n have_v though_o we_o now_o call_v they_o bailiff_n for_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o in_o a_o confirmation-charter_n to_o shap-abbey_n we_o find_v this_o subscription_n testae_fw-la thomâ_fw-la filio_fw-la johannis_n tunc_fw-la vicecomite_a de_fw-la apelby_n unless_o one_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d that_o westmoreland_n be_v call_v the_o county_n of_o apelby_n or_o apelby-schire_a as_o indeed_o brompton_n seem_v to_o intimate_v but_o the_o scotch-war_n by_o degree_n reduce_v it_o to_o a_o much_o low_a condition_n 〈…〉_o condition_n 〈…〉_o in_o the_o 22th_o of_o henry_n the_o second_o it_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o they_o and_o again_o in_o the_o 1â—th_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o when_o of_o 2200_o burgage_n by_o due_a computation_n of_o the_o fee-farm-rent_n there_o remain_v not_o above_o a_o ten_o part_n as_o appear_v by_o inquisition_n in_o the_o town-chest_n since_o which_o it_o never_o recover_v itself_o but_o lay_v as_o it_o be_v dismember_a and_o sâ—attered_v one_o street_n from_o another_o like_v so_o many_o several_a village_n and_o one_o can_v not_o know_v but_o by_o record_n that_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o body_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o mr._n camden_n mention_n no_o more_o than_o burghgate_n whereas_o bongate_n battle-burgh_n dungate_n scattergate_n be_v all_o of_o they_o member_n of_o this_o ancient_a town_n and_o probable_o the_o burral_n also_o which_o may_v be_v a_o evidence_n of_o its_o have_v be_v wall_v round_o that_o word_n imply_v burrow-wall_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o at_o bath_n in_o somersetshire_n they_o call_v the_o town_n wall_n by_o the_o same_o name_n of_o burral_n concern_v the_o condition_n and_o misfortune_n of_o this_o place_n take_v this_o inscription_n place_v in_o the_o garden_n belong_v to_o the_o school-house_n among_o many_o other_o of_o roman_a antiquity_n collect_v by_o mr._n bainbrigg_n of_o who_o our_o author_n make_v a_o honourable_a mention_n aballaba_n qvam_fw-la c._n c._n flvit_fw-la ituna_n statio_fw-la fvit_fw-la ro._n tem_fw-la maur_fw-la aurel._n hanc_fw-la vastavit_fw-la ff_o gvil_n r._n scot_n 1176._o hic_fw-la pestissaevit_fw-la 1598._o opp._n desert_n mercatus_n ad_fw-la gilshaughlin_n f._n deum_o time_n the_o cc._o in_o the_o first_o line_n be_v circumfluit_fw-la the_o f_o f_o in_o the_o four_o funditus_fw-la and_o the_o f_o in_o the_o end_n fuit_fw-la so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v its_o situation_n its_o roman_a antiquity_n and_o the_o devastation_n make_v in_o it_o by_o war_n and_o pestilence_n together_o with_o the_o remove_n of_o the_o market_n to_o gilshaughlin_n four_o or_o five_o mile_n northwest_n of_o the_o town_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o present_a earl_n of_o thanet_n who_o ancestor_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n the_o viponts_n and_o clifford_n have_v be_v lord_n of_o this_o country_n and_o flourish_v at_o apelby_n for_o above_o 480._o year_n design_n to_o set_v up_o and_o encourage_v the_o cloath-working-trade_n in_o this_o town_n m_o the_o endowment_n make_v to_o the_o school_n by_o the_o two_o person_n mention_v in_o our_o author_n be_v far_o short_a of_o what_o have_v be_v add_v since_o by_o some_o modern_a benefactor_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v dr._n thomas_n smith_n the_o present_a bishop_n of_o carlisle_n who_o particular_o along_o with_o mr._n rand._n sanderson_n erect_v a_o new_a dwell_a house_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o schoolmaster_n castle_n 〈◊〉_d castle_n n_o from_o apleby_n the_o river_n carry_v we_o to_o buley-castle_n which_o be_v now_o set_v in_o farm_n to_o the_o musgraves_n but_o be_v no_o doubt_n former_o a_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o carlisle_n as_o our_o author_n observe_v for_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v erect_v at_o several_a time_n by_o two_o or_o three_o bishop_n and_o there_o be_v still_o in_o be_v a_o account_n of_o several_a ordination_n hold_v there_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o next_o eden_n run_v to_o crakenthorp_n hall_n a_o pleasant_a seat_n the_o east-side_n of_o it_o where_o the_o chief_a branch_n of_o the_o machel_n a_o family_n of_o good_a note_n in_o this_o country_n heraldry_n country_n gâ—illanâ—s_n heraldry_n have_v always_o reside_v from_o the_o conquest_n downward_o to_o this_o very_a day_n nor_o do_v any_o record_n afford_v a_o account_n how_o much_o long_o they_o have_v flourish_v here_o the_o present_a lord_n of_o the_o