Europe or Greece ch T. Constantinople before Constantine the Emperour called Bizantium Adrianople and Buda in Hungary The three little parts of Europe interlaced between the great ones and often comprehended under them are 10. The Low Countries or the Seventeen Provinces between France Germany and he Brittish Seas ch T. Amsterdam Brussels and Gaunt 11. The Swizzerland Cantons and their Allies between France Italy and Germany ch T. Bern Basil and Soloturn 12. The Provinces tributary to the Turk ch T. Hermanstat in Transilvania Jazy or Jaickâ—a in Moldavia Targowisko in Walachia all three lying between Turky and Poland and comprised within the bounds of the ancient Country of Dacia and Kaffa in Little Tartary once called Scythia Taurica between Pontus Euxinus or the Black Sea and Muscovy The most remarkable Mountains of Europe are the Riphaean Mountains towards the North of Muscovy now called Stolp the Carpathian Hills now Crapack between Hungary and Poland the Alps between Italy France and Germany the Apennine parting Italy down along through the middle of the whole length of it the Pyrenies which divide Spain from France and Mount Gibel anciently Aetna in the Isle of Sicily Asia is divided into twelve great parts six of them Southern and the other six Northern The six Southern parts beginning with those that are next to Europe are 1. Turky in Asia ch T. Aleppo Bagdat Mosul Jerusalem Damascus Scanderoonor Alexandretta Erzerum Bursa and Smirna In this part of Asia were anciently the Countries of Chaldaea Mesopotamia Judaea Phoenicia Syria Cilicia Pamphilia Phrygia with many others 2. Arabia ch T. Medina Mecca Ziden Zibit Aden and El-Catif 3. Persia ch T. Ispahan Ormuz Schiras Caswin Ardevil and Derbent 4. The Indian Continent or the Empire of the Mogol ch T. Agra Delli Bengala Cambaia Surate and Lahor 5. The two Peninsula's of the Indies one on this side the River Ganges and the other beyond ch T. Goa Golconda and Narsinga on this side the Ganges and Pegu Sian and Malacca beyond 6. C hina ch T. Peking Nanking Quancheu Queyang Nanciang and Macao The six Northern parts of Asia are 7. Georgia situated on the North of Turky which includes the ancient Country of Colchos ch T. Kori or Goreden Teslis and Savatopoli 8. Vsbeck Ziagathai or Mavaralnahara on the North side of Persia ch T. Samarcand famous for the birth of Tamerlane the Great Bockora and Cascar 9. Turquestan or Thebet on the East of Ziagathay ch T. Thebet and Chotan 10. Tartary of the great Cham by some called Cathay Northward from China ch T. Muoncheu heretofore Cambalu Campion otherwise Tanguth and Camul or XÃ mo 11. Tartary Desart towards the North Sea and Muscovy ch T. Astracan upon the Wolga near the Caspian Sea Cazan and Bulgar 12. The true ancient Tartary called the North Tartary above Cathay and Turquestain ch T. Chazan or Kaimach Ciandu and Tartar in the North. These five last parts are commonly comprehended under the name of Great Tartary anciently Scythia Taurus is the chief Mountain in Asia by the Greeks called Ceraunius it passeth through most of the Countries in Asia but under divers names in the Western part of Turky 't is most properly called Taurus more Northerly towards Georgia 't is named Ararat again in the middle of Persia Taurus it takes the name of Imaus in Tartary and between Tartary and the Indies 't is called Caucasus by which name the Mountains in Georgia are also called Africk which is the most Southerly Region of our Continent is divided into twelve parts whereof these six first compose the Vpper Africk towards Europe in time past Libya and the six others make up the Lower Africk called before Aethipia situated towards the South Let us begin with the Vpper Africk and see its divisions which are 1. Barbary which comprehends most of the Ancient Mauritania ch T. Fez Marocco Tangier Algier Tunis and Tripoli 2. Bildulgerid or Numidia ch T. Dara Segelmessa and Tesset 3. Egypt ch T. Grand Cairo Alexandria Rosetta Damiata Suez or Calzem and Cossir 4. Zaara or the Desart ch T. Zuenziga Targa or Zaghara and Zanhaga 5. The Land of the Blacks or Nigritia ch T. Tombote Genehoa Gualata Cano Cassena Cantozi Mandinga Gago and Guber 6. Guinny ch T. Benin Arda and St. George of the Mine or Mina 7. Nubia ch T. Nubia Dancala and Jalac 8. Congo ch T. St. Salvador St. Paolo or Angola and Dongo 9. Abissinia ch T. Amara Depsan Cangan Boxa Fremona Caxumo Arquico Doncala and Suaquem 10. Zanguebar ch T. Mozambick Quiloa Mombaza Melinda Brava and Magadoxo 11. Monomotopa ch T. Madragan commonly called Monomotopa Zimbaoe or Massapa and Butua 12. Cafreria or the Coast of the Caffres ch T. Zofala Africk hath these Mountains following viz. Mount Atlas now more comonly called Claros between Barbary and Bildulgerid Lunae Mons the Lunar Hills or the Mountains of the Moon so called by reason of their height lying between the Country of the Abissines and Monomotopa most Geographers are of the opinion that the River Nilus springs from these Mountains yet new discoveries being lately made it is thought otherwise by some Lastly the Mountains of Sierra Liona in Guinny America is also divided into twelve parts whereof four lie towards the North and eight towards the South separated from one another by the Istmus of Panama The four parts towards the North which compose North America are 1. Canada or New France ch T. Quebeck Montreal and Tadousack 2. New Mexico ch T. Sta. Fe or St. Faith and New Granada 3. New England including part of Florida the rest being comprehended under New Spain all Virginia New Holland otherwise called New York and New England comprised in it self ch T. Boston New-Town or Cambridg James-Town New Plymouth New York and Charles-Town 4. Mexico or New Spain ch T. Mexico Compostella Guadalaiara Valladolid Acapulco St. Jago de Guatimala Leon Truxillo and Merida The eight other parts make South America viz. 5. Castilla del Oro ch T. Panama Porto-Belo Carthagena Sta. Martha Coro and Sta. Fe de Bogota 6. Guyana ch T. Manoa or El Dorado Ceperou or Fort Lewis and Corou 7. Peru ch T. Lima or Los Retes Cusco St. Francis Arica Potosi and La Plata 8. Brasil ch T. St. Salvador Porto-Seguro Spiritu Santo St. Sebastian St. Vincent Olinda Tamaraca Potengi and Maranhaon 9. Paraguay comprehending La Plata ch T. The Assumption Buenos Aires and Sta. Fe. 10. Tucuman ch T. St. Jago del Estero St. Miguel and Cordova 11. Chili ch T. St. Jago the Conception and Baldivia 12 Magellanica the chief Town if it may be called a Town is St. Philip otherwise nick named Port-Famine As for the Mountains in this part of the Earth the Andes in Peru between Tuâ—umâ—n and Chili and in Magellanica are the most famous of America and the only Mountains worth taking notice of in this small Treatise CHAP. III. Of the Islands THE most famous Islands round about the World are
Cispadana these four Countries are now called Lombardy from the Longobardy a People of Germany who came and dwelt here Towards the middle of Italy are five Hetruria now called Tuscany Vmbria Picenum Samnium and Latium these four last are now under the jurisdiction of the Pope And the South part of Italy includes five Countries more viz. Campania Apulia Messapia Lucania and Brutium which are all five now comprehended under the Kingdom of Naples Every one of these Countries were subdivided into many small Regions or Territories whose Inhabitants lived under several sorts of Governments till they were overcome by the Romans but these I shall omit as not being necessary to insert here Now let us see how the modern division of Italy differs from that of the ancient times We will now divide it with the adjacent Isles first into four great parts The Upper Italy or Lombardy the Middle Italy the Lower Italy or Kingdom of Naples and the Islands Lombardy is divided into nine Provinces or States whereof the five first make High Lombardy towards France and the four other Low Lombardy towards the mouth of the River Po. The five parts of High Lombardy are 1. Savoy ch T. Chambery Montmelian and Monstiers to which we may add the Town and Republick of Geneva Savoy is generally reckoned without the bounds of Italy and therefore is mentioned here but because it belongs to Piedmont 2. Piedmont ch T. Turin Vercelli and Nizza 3. Milanese or the Duchy of Milan ch T. Milan Pavia and Cremona 4. Monferrat ch T. Casal and Trino The former was long since sold to the French King by the Duke of Mantua 5 The Coast of Genoa ch T. Genoa Savona and Albenga The four Provinces which compose the Lower Lombardy are 6. The Duchy of Parma ch T. Parma and Piacenza 7. The Duchy of Modena ch T. Modena and Reggio 8. The Duchy of Mantua ch T. Mantua Mirandola and Guastella which are all Soverainties 9. The Dominion or Republick of Venice ch T. Venice Padua and Palma nova Middle Italy comprehends the State of the Church or Dominion of the Pope and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany with the Republick of Lucca and other little Soverainties inclosed in these two States The State of the Church comprehends twelve little Provinces whereof five are upon the Gulf of Venice and the seven others towards the Sea of Tuscany Those upon the Gulf of Venice are 1. The Duchy of Ferrara with the Valleys of Comachio ch T. Ferrara and Comachio 2. Bolognese ch T. Bologna 3. Romagna ch T. Ravenna 4. The Duchy of Vrbino ch T. Vrbino 5. The Marquisate of Ancona ch T. Ancona and Loreto The seven following Provinces lie on the South of the Apennine Hills towards the Sea of the Tuscany and are 6. The Territories of Perugia ch T. Perugia 7. Of Orvieto ch T. Orvieto 8. Of Vmbria otherwise the Duchy of Spoleto ch T. Spoleto 9. Terra Sabina ch T. Magliano 10. The Patrimony of St. Peter ch T. Viterbo and Civita Vecchia 11. Campania de Roma ch T. Rome Ostia and Frescati 12. The Duchy of Castro ch T. Castro The Grand Duchy of Tuscany or Florence is subdivided into three parts the Territories of Florence the Territories of Siena and those of Pisa ch T. Florence Siena Pisa and Legorn Piombino and Orbitello belong to the King of Spain with their Jurisdictions which are upon the coast of Tuscany The Republick of Lucca with it's dependances ch T. Lucca The Lower Italy or Kingdom of Naples is divided into twelve Provinces whereof six are upon the Adriatick Sea or Gulf of Venice and the six others are upon the Sea of Tuscany The six parts which are upon the Gulf of Venice are 1. The Further Abruzzo ch T. Lanciano 2. The Nigher Abruzzo ch T. Aquila 3. The County of Molissa ch T. Molissa 4. Capitanata or Puglia ch T. Manfredonia 5. The Territories of Bari ch T. Bari 6. The Territories of Otranto ch T. Otranto The six Provinces situated on the Tyrrhenian Sea or of Tuscany are 7. Terra di Lavoro ch T. Naples at first called Parthenope and Capua 8. The Nigher Principality ch T. Salerno and Amalfi 9. The Further Principality ch T. Benevento 10. Basilicata ch T. Cirenza 11. The Nigher Calabria ch T. Cosenza 12. The Further Calabria ch T. Reggio The Islands of Italy make the fourth part and are divided into three greatIslands which are 1. The Isle of Sicily separated into three Valleys or Provinces viz. Val di Demona ch T. Messina and Catania not far from Mount Gibel or Aetna that vomits out flames Val di Noto ch T. Saragusa the ancient Syracuse and Noto Val di Mazara ch T. Palermo and Montreal 2. The Isle of Sardinia ch T. Cagliari Sassari and Algeri 3. The Isle of Corsica ch T. Bastia Adiazzo and Bonifacio The four most famous River of Italy are the Pa the Adige the Tiber and the Arno. CHAP. XIV Of Turky in Europe TVrky in Europe is situated in the Mediterranean Sea near Italy Poland and Asia and is contiguous to Germany We will divide it into High Turky about the Danube which includes the ancient Countries of Pannonia Illyricum and Moesia and into Low Turky towards the Archipelago or White Sea wherein are the Countries called in time past Thrace and Greece which last hath hitherto retained its old name High Turky contains eight parts viz. 1. Part of Hungary anciently called Pannonia ch T. Buda or Offen Gran and Kanisia 2. Part of Slavonia ch T. Posega and Gradiskia 3. Part of Croatia with Morlakia ch T. Wihitz The rest of Hungary Slavonia and Croatia which is not within the Ottoman Jurisdiction belongs to the Archduke of Austria who is now Emperour of Germany 4. Dalmatia partly belonging to the Turks and partly to the Venetians the Ottoman Towns are Scardona and Dulcigno the Venetian are Zara Sebenico and Spalato with the Town and Republick of Ragusa tributary both to the Turks and Venetians 5. Bosnia or Bossina ch T. Jaytza and Bagnialuck You must observe that Slavonia Croatia Dalmatia and Bosnia made heretofore one great Country called Illyricum 6. Servia comprehending the Western part of the ancient Country of Moesia ch T. Belgrade and Nisa 7. Bulgaria which was the rest of Moesia ch T. Sophia and Nigepoli 8. Besserabia with the Territories of Otzacow towards Poland ch T Bialogrod and Otzacow The Lower Turky is divided into seven Provinces viz. 1. Romania anciently Thrace ch T. Constantinople Adrianople and Gallipoli 2. Macedon ch T. Salonichi and Contessa 3. Albania which was once part of Macedon ch T. Scutari Durazzo and Valona 4. Janna anciently Thessaly ch T. Armiro and Larissa 5. Canina anciently called Epirus and sometimes Chaonia ch T. Prevezza Larta and Bastia 6. Livadia in time past Achaia ch T. Lepanto Setines heretofore called Athens Stives heretofore Thebes and Negropont in an Island of the same name which is counted part of Livadia although it be separated
from it by the Euripus or Straights of Negropont 7. Morea called in time past Peloponnesus ch T. Patras Corinth and Misithra formerly Lacedaemon These fix last Provinces composed the ancient and famous Country of Greece The Islands which are about Turky in Europe are a sufficient number to make a third part we will then divide them into Turkish and Venetian Islands The chief of the Turkish Islands are Candy anciently Creet ch T. Candy Canea and Retimo Negropont anciently Euboea ch T. Negropont and Stalimene heretofore Lemnos ch T. of the same name The Venetian Islands which are considerable are Corsu Cefalonia Zant and Cerigo heretofore Cythera The most famous Rivers of Turky in Europe are the Danow or Danube the Draw the Saw and the Tyssa or Teissa CHAP. XV. Of the Low Countries AFter having briefly spoken of the nine great parts of Europe we thought it convenient to avoid confusion and to facilitate the Readers memory by the number of twelve into the which we have divided Asia Africk and America to add three lesser divisions of Europe separated and distant from one another viz. The Low Countries the Republick of Swizzerland and the Provinces tributary to the Great Turk We shall begin first with the Low Countries or Seventeen Provinces vulgarly known by the name of Flanders and Holland which are the two richest and most considerable Provinces of them The Low Countries were formerly divided into two parts one on the South of the Rhine comprehended under that part of Gaule called Gallia Belgica now most of it is the Spanish Netherlands The other on the North side of the Rhine was comprised within the bounds of ancient Germany at present it is the Vnited Netherlands The modern division is also into two parts though with some difference from the ancient viz. The Spanish Netherlands or Flanders and the Vnited Netherlands Holland or Vnited Provinces The Spanish Netherlands contain these following Provinces viz. 1. Two thirds of Brabant ch T. Brussels and Lovain 2. Luxemburg ch T. Luxemburg and Thionville Part of this Duchy of Luxemburg belongs at present to the French as also the County of Artois part of the County of Flanders c. but the French having so latelyw on these Countries which by the hazards of a new War may be as soonbrought under the Jurisdiction of some other Potentate I shall forbear to make any more divisions of the Spanish Low Countries concerning the French King's conquests there than what I have mentioned in the Chapter of France but as near as I can shall stick to the division generally agreed upon by all Geographers before the beginning of the last French Wars 3. Limburg ch T. Limburg and Maestricht 4. About a third part of Gelderland ch T. Gelders and Ruremond 5. Almost all Flanders ch T. Gaunt Lisle Dunkirk and Ostend 6. Artois ch T. Arras and St. Omars 7. Hainault ch T. Mons and Valenciennes 8. Namur ch T. Namur and Charlemont 9. The Marquisate of the Holy Empire or the Seigniory of Antwerp ch T. Antwerp 10. The Seigniory of Malines ch T. Malines or Mechlyn You must take notice before we proceed any further that these two small Provinces last mentioned are enclosed within the Duchy of Brabant and that besides the Seventeen Provinces there is the Town of Cambray between Hainault Artois and Picardy which together with it's adjacent Territory makes up a peculiar Province called by the French who are now Masters of it Cambresis yet this small Province is sometimes comprised under that of Hainault The Vnited Provinces or the States of Holland contain these following Provinces viz. 1. Holland ch T. Amsterdam the Hague Dort and Leyden 2. Zeland ch T. Middleburg and Flushing 3. Zutphen ch T. Zutphen 4. Vtrecht ch T. Vtrecht 5. Overissel ch T. Deventer and Swol 6. West Friseland ch T. Lewarden and Franeker 7. The Seigniory of Groningen with the Town of the same name Besides these seven Provinces there is and hath been a great while in the Hollanders possession above two thirds of Gelderland the chief Towns whereof are Nimmegen and Arnhem About a third part of Brabant ch T. Breda and Boldus and some Towns in the North of the Province of Flanders the most considerable of them is Sluys North. Westward from Gaunt CHAP. XVI Of the Republick of Swizzerland THE Republick of Swizzerland is composed of thirteen Canrons which are each one by themselves peculiar Democracies but under one common Alliance with several little Countries States or Towns which go under the name of their Allies The thirteen Swizzerland Cantons are disposed in this order 1. The Canton of Zurick ch T. Zurick 2. The Canton of Bern ch T. Bern and Lausann 3. Of Basil ch T. Basil 4. Of Lucern ch T. Lucern 5. Of Soloturn ch T. Soloturn 6. Of Friburg ch T. Friburg 7. Of Schashausen ch T. Schashauser 8. The Canton of Switz which gave its name to the whole Country ch T. Switz 9. That of Zug ch T. Zug 10. That of Appenzel ch T. Appeuzel 11. Of Glaritz ch T. Glaritz 12. Of Vnderwalden ch T. Siantz 13. Of Vri ch T. Altors The Allies of Swizzerland worth our observation are 1. The Grisons ch T. Coir 2. Valtoline ch T. Sundrio 3. Valais ch T. Sion 4. The Bishoprick of Basil which hath no very considerable Town in it except Porentru Besides these there are many other small Territories and Towns allied to and confederated with the Swizzers which I shall forbear to name as being too tedious to insert them all CHAP. XVII Of the Provinces tributary to the Turk BY the name of Provinces tributary to the Turk we mean those which have each one in particular a Soverain Prince but tributary and depending on the Turk who protects them and pretends to a right of deposing them when they do not embrace his interests or when they refuse to arm in his defence These Provinces are four in number viz. 1. Transilvania ch T. Hermanstad Clausenburg and Weyssenburg 2. Walachia ch T. Targowisko Dombrowitza and Braskow 3. Moldavia ch T. Jazy Soczow and Targorod 4. Little Tartary ch T. Kaffa Crim and Azof or Azac upon the Don. A Short ALPHABETICAL TABLE Of the antient names of Nations Countries Cities Mountains Seas and Rivers which are mentioned in this Book compared with the Newer Divisions and Names by which they are generally known at this day A A Chaia part of Greece now called Livadia Adriatick Sea the Gulf of Venice Aethiopia the South part of Africk now divided into several Countries Aethiopian Sea now more commonly called the Southern Oceà n Aetna a Mountain heretofore so called in Sicily but at present Gibel Albion the ancient name of England Anâ—li a People in the North of Germany Apâ—lia an ancient Country in the Kingdom of Naples Aquitania the South-west part of France Ararat a Hill in Asia still known by this name See the following Table Athens an ancient Town in Greece now called Serines Atlantick Sea now
generally known by the name of Western Ocean Atlantis Insula the ancient name of America Atlas a Mountain in Africk at present called Claros Augusta Trinobunrum at first called New Troy as is thought and now London Ausonia Italy heretofore so called B BAetica an ancient Country in the South part of Spain Boetis a River called at present Guadalquivir Belgia the Low Countries in Europe Borisâ—henes a River now more commonly called Nieper Brigantes a People in the North of England Britains the ancient Inhabitants of England Brutium an ancient Country in the Kingdom of Naples Byzantium the ancient name of Constantinople C CAledonia the North part of Great Britain now Scotland Campania a Country in the Kingdom of Naples Cantij a People in that part of Britain called at present Kent Carpathian Hills now known by the name of Crapack Caspian Sea a great Lake in Asia which now goes under the names of Kilan or Sala Caucasus the name of some Hills in Asia See the following Table Ceraunius or Taurus Mountains in Asia See Taurus in the other Table Chaldea the name of an ancient Country within the bounds of Turky in Asia Chaonia or Epirus now called Canina a Country in Greece Cilicia an ancient Country now part of Turky in Asia Cimbri a People that inhabited heretofore Denmark Cimbrick Chersonesus Jutland Codanonia at present the Isle of Zeland Colchos a little Country anciently so called in Georgia near the Pontus Euxinus Corinth See the following Table Creet now Candy an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Cythera the ancient name for the Isle of Cerigo D DAcia subdivided into Transilvania Walachia aud Moldavia Dama'cus a Town in Turky in Asia Danube or Ister a River in Europe now more generally known by the name of Danow E EPirus or Chaonia now called Canina a Country in Greece Euboea the Isle of Negropont near Greece Euphrates a River in Asia See the other Table Euripus the Straights of Negropont F FOrtunate Islands the Canary Islands towards Africk G GAllia Belgica the North part of of France Gallia Celtica the Middle and North-West part of France Gallia Cispadana part of Lombardy Gallia Narbonensis towards the South-East side of France Gallia Transpadana part of Lombardy Ganges a River in Asia See the following Table Gaule the Kingdom of France Greece See the following Table H HEsperia Italy called so heretofore also Spain Hesperian Isles the Islands of Cape Verd. Hetruria a Country in Italy now Tuscany Hibernia otherwise Iverna or Ierna at this day it is called Ireland Hispania the Kingdom of Spain I IAxartes the River Ardock or Alsagsh Iberia and not seldom Hesperia both ancient names of Spain Iberus the River Ebro Ierna or Iverna Eryn or Ireland Jerusalem a Town in Judaea so called to this day by us but otherwise by the Turks who are Masters of it Illyricum a Country towards the Adriatick Sea now part of Turky in Europe Imaus See the following Table Indus a River known at present by the name of Sind Ister or Danube now commonly called Danow Italia at present Italy Judoea part of Turky in Asia Iverna or Ierna now called Eryn or Ireland Ju'ae a People formerly inhabiting Jutland L LAced â—emon a Town now called Misithra Latium an ancient Country in the Dominion of the Pope Lemnos an Island near Thrace now called Stalimene Libya the North part of Africk Liguria the South part of Lombardy Longobardi a People of Germany in or near the Marquisate of Brandenburg Lucania an ancient Country now comprised in the Kingdom of Naples Lusitania Portugal with part of Castile M MAcedon See the following Table Mauritania part of Barbary Mesopotamia a Country in Turky in Asia Messapia a Country in the Kingdom of Naples Moesia an old country at present divided into Servia and Bulgaria N NEw Troy otherwise Augusta Trinobantum but now London Nidrosia a Town called Drunthem Niger See the following Table Nilus a River in Egypt Numantia See the other Table Numidia a Country called now Bildulgerid O OXus a River now called Balch or Jihun P PAmphilia a Country in Turky in Asia Pannonia the ancient name of Hungary Parthenope the City of Naples Peloponnesus at present Morea Phoenicia a little Country in Turky in Asia Phrygia a Country in Turky in Asia Picenum a Country now comprised in the Dominion of the Pope Picts a People inhabiting the South part of Scotland Pontus Euxinus the Black Sea R RIphaeah Mountains in Muscovy but now called Stolp S SAmnium an ancient Country in the Dominion of the Pope Sarmatia that part of Europe which comprehends Muscovy and Poland Saxons an ancient People in the North of Germany Scandinavia contains the present Kingdoms of Swedeland Denmakr and Norway Scythia Great Tartary Scythia Taurica Little Tartary Scythian Sea all the Northern Ocean Silures a People towards Wales about Monmouth and Herefordshire Sinus Codanus the Baltick Sea Syracuse a Town now called Saragusa Syria a Country in Turky in Asia T TAgus a River now called Taio Tanais See the other Table Tarraco a Town at present called Tarragon Tarraconensis the Middle Northern and Eastern parts of Spain Taurus or Ceraunius Hills in Asia See the following Table Thebes an ancient Town in Greece at present called Stives Thessaly that part of Greece which is now called Janna Thrace it now goes under the name of Romania Thule the Isle of Island Tigris See the following Table Trinobantes a People inhabiting Middle-sex Essex and Hartfordshire whose chief Town was London called at that time Augusta Trinobantum V VEnetia an ancient Country in Lombardy Vmbria a little Country in the Dominion of the Pope which included the present Umbria or Duchy of Spoleto A TABLE Of the Modern Names of all the Countries Provinces Islands Cities Towns Hills Seas Lakes and Rivers contained in this Book reduced to an Alphabetical Order and directing where they may be found in the Maps Also shewing how the most noted of them were called anciently A ABbeville a Town in Picardy Aberdeen a Town in North Scotland Abernethy an old Town in South Scotland Abissinia a Country in Africk part of the ancient Aethiopia Abo a Town in Finland Abbruzzo the Further a Province in the Kingdom of Naples Abruzzo the Nigher a Province in the Kingdom of Naples Acapulco a Town in New Spain Aden a Town in Arabia Adiazzo a Town in Corsica Adige a River in Italy Adrianople a Town in Romania Adriatick Sea or Gulf of Venice between Italy and Dalmatia Aethiopian Sea or Southern Ocean towards the South-West side of Africk Aetna a Mountain in Val di Demona Africk one of the four parts of the World Agger a Town in the Government of Agger Agger Government in Norway Agra a Town in the Indian Continent Aichstad a Town in the Palatinate of Bavaria Aix a Town in Provence Albania a Province in Greece heretofore comprised under that of Macedon Albenga a Town in the Republick of Genoa Alburg a Town in the Diocess of Alburg
Europe part of the ancient Moesia Burgos a Town in Old Castile Burgundy County or Franche County a Province in France Burgundy Duchy a Province and the greatest part of the Government of Burgundy Burgundy Government in France Bursa a Town in Turky in Asia Butua a Town in Monomotopa C CAdiz a Town in Andaluzia Caen a Town in Normandy Caermarthenshire in Wales Caernarvon a Town in Caernarvonshire Caernarvonshire in Wales Caffa or Kaffa a Town in Little Tartary Cafreria or Coast of the Caffres a Country in Africk Cagliari a Town in Sardinia Cahors a Town in Quercy Cairo a Town in Egypt Calabria the Further a Province in the Kingdom of Naples Calabria the Nigher a Province in the Kingdom of Naples Calais a Town in Picardy Calisurnia an Island in the Pacifick Sea Calmar a Town in Ostro-Gothland Calzem or Suez a Town in Egypt Cambaia a Town in the Indian Continent Cambaln or Muoncheu a Town in Cathay Cambray a Town in Cambresis Cambresis a Province in the French Netherlands Cambridg a Town in Cambridgshire Cambridg or New-Town a Town in New England Cambridgshire in the Kingdom of the East Angles Campania di Roma a Province in the Dominion of the Pope Campion or Tanguth a Town in Cathay Camul or Xamo a Town in Cathay Canada or New France a Country in North America Canaries Islands in the Western Ocean called in time past Fortunate Islands Candy a Town in the Isle of Candy Candy anciently Creet an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Canea a Town in Candy Cangan a Town in Abissinia Canina heretofore called sometimes Epirus and sometimes Chaonia a Province in Greece Cano a Town in Nigritia Canterbury a Town in the County of Kent Cantozi a Town in Nigritia Cape of Good Hope the most Southern land of Africk Cape Verd Islands called heretofore Hesperian Islands in the Western Ocean Capitanata or Puglia a Province in the Kingdom of Naples Capua a Town in Terra di Lavoro Caramoran or Hoang a River in China Cardiff a Town in Glamorganshire Cardiganshire in Wales Carinthia a Province in the Southern part of Germany Carlisle a Town in Cumberland Carniola a Province in the Southern part of Germany Carolina a Province in New England Carthagena a Town in Castilla del Oro Carthagena or New Carthage a Town in Murcia Casal a Town in Monferrat Cascar a Town in Ziagathay Cassel a Town in Hessen Cassena a Town in Nigritia Castile the New a Province in Spain Castile the Old a Province in Spain Castilla del Oro a Country in South America Castro a Town in the Duchy of Castro Castro Duchy in the Dominion of the Pope Caswin a Town in Persia Catalonia a Province in Spain Catania a Town in Valâ—di Demona Cathay or Tartary of the Cham part of Great Tartary Caucasus a great Mountain between the Indian Continent and Great Tartary also a Mountain in Georgia Caxumo a Town in Abissinia Cazan a Town in Tartary Desart Cefalonia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea North-Westward from Morea Ceperou or Fort Lewis a Town in Guyana Cerigo an Island in the Mediterranean Sea near the South Coast of Morea Cevennes a Province in the Government of Languedock Chalons upon Marne a Town in Champaigne Chalons upon Saone a Town in the Duchy of Burgundy Chambery a Town in Savoy Champaigne a Province in France Channel the name of the Sea between England and France Charletnont a Town in the county of Namur Charles Town a Town in Carolina Chazan or Kaimach a Town in North Tartarij Cheshire in the Kingdom of Mercia Chester a Town in Cheshire Chichester a Town in the County of Sussex Chili a Country in South America China a Country in Asia China Islands about the Coast of China Chotan a Town in Thebet Christianstad a Town in Bleking Ciandu a Town in North Tartary Cilly a Town in the County of Cilly Cilly Country in the Southern part of Germany Cirenza a Town in Basilicata Citadelli a Town in the Isle of Minorca Civita Vecchia a Town in the Patrimony of St. Peter Clagenfurt a Town in Carinthia Claros a Mountain between Barbary and Bildulgerid heretofore Atlas Clausenburg a Town in Transilvania Clermont a Town in Auvergne Cleves a Town in the Duchy of Cleves Cleves Duchy in the Western part of Germany Coast of the Caffres or Cafreria a Country in Africk Coblentz a Town in the Diocess of Treves Coimbra a Town in Portugal Coir a Town in the Territories of the Grisons Colberg a Town in Pomeren Colchester a Town in the County of Essex Colen a Town in the Diocess of Colen Colen Diocess in the Western part of Germany Comachio a Town in the Territories of Comachio Comachio Territories in the Dominion of the Pope Compostella a Town in New Spain Conception a Town in Chili Congo a Country in Africk Connaught a Province in Ireland Constance a Town in Schwaben Constantinople in time past Bysantium a Town in Romania Contessa a Town in Macedon Copenhagen a Town in Zeeland Cordova a Town in Tucuman Cordova a Town in Andaluzia Corsu an Island in the Mediterranean Sea near the Western Coast of Greece Corinth a Town in Morea Cork a Town in Munster Cornwall a County in the Kingdom of the West Saxons Coro a Town in Castilla del Oro. Corou a Town in Guyana Corunna or I a Corunna a Town in Gallicia Corsica an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Cosenza a Town in the Nigher Calabria Cossir a Town in Egypt Coventry a Town in Warwickshire Cracow a Town in Upper Poland Crapack Mountains between Poland and Hungary called in times past Carpathian Hills Cremona a Town in Milanese Cremz a Town in Austria Crim a Town in Little Tartary Croatia a Province in Turky in Europe part of the ancient Country of Illyricum Cronemberg a Town in Zeeland Culm a Town in Prussia Roial Cumberland a County in the Kingdom of Northumberland Curland a Province in Poland Cusco a Town in Peru. Cyprus an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Czersk a Town in Mazovia Czirkassi a Town in Ukrania D DAlmatia a Province in Turky in Europe part of the ancient Country of Illyricum Damascus a Town in Turky in Asia Damiata a Town in Egypt Dancala a Town in Nub a. Danow or Danube a River running through Germany and Turky anciently called Ister Dantzick a Town in Prussia Roial Dara a Town in Bildulgerid Darbyshire in the Kingdom of Merica Darmstad a Town in Hessen Dauphiny a Province in France Delli a Town in the Indian Continent Denbigh a Town in Denbighshire Denbighshire in Wales Denmark a Country in Europe inhabited anciently by the Cimbri Depsan a Town in Abissinia Derbent a Town in Persia Derpt a Town in Livonia Deventer a Town in Overissel Devonshire in the Kingdom of the West Saxons Dijon a Town in the Duchy of Burgundy Dol a Town in Franche County Dombrowitza a Town in Walachia Dominion of the Pope or State of the Church a great Province
of Kent Romagna a Province the Dominion of the Pope Romania in time past Thrace a Province in Turky in Europe Rome a Town in Campania di Roma Roschild a Town in Zeeland Rosetta a Town in Egypt Rosinia a Town in Samogitia Rotweil a Town in Brisgow Rouen a Town in Normandy Rouergue a Province in the Government of Guienn and Gascony Roussillon a small Province in the Government of Languedock Rugen an Island in the Baltick Sea near Pomeren Ruremond a Town in Gelderland Russia or Muscovy part of the ancient Country of Sarmatia in Europe Russia the Black a Province in Poland Rutlandshire in the Kingdom of Mercia Rye a Town in the County of Sussex Rypen a Town in the Diocess of Rypen Rypen Diocess in North-Jutland S St. Albans a Town in Hartfordshire St. Andrews a Town in South-Scotland St. Asaph a Town in Flintshire St. Davids a Town in the Isle of France St. Denis a Town in Pembrokshire St. Faith or St. Fe a Town in New Mexico St. Fe a Town in Paraguay St. Francis a Town in Peru. St. Francis the name of a River in Brasil St. George of the Mine or Mina a Town in Guinny St. Helena an Island in the Southern Ocean St. Jago a Town in Chili St. Jago de Compostella a Town in Gallicia St. Jago de Guatimala a Town in New Spain St. Jago del Estero a Town in Tucuman St. Laurence or Madagascar an Island in the Southern Ocean St. Laurence the name of a River in Canada St. Miguel a Town in Tucuman St. Nicholas a Town in Muscovy St. Omars a Town in Arrois St. Paolo or Angola a Town in Congo St. Philip or Port Famine a Town in Magellanica St. Salvador a Town in Brasil St. Salvador a Town in Congo St. Sebastian a Town in Biscay St. Sebastian a Town in Brasil St. Thomas an Island in the Southern Ocean St. Vincent a Town in Brasil Saints a Town in Saintonge Saintonge a Province in the Government of Guienn and Gascony Sala or Kilan the name of a great Lake or Sea between Persia and Tartary anciently called the Caspian Sea Salamanca a Town in the Province of Leon. Salerno a Town in the Nigher Principality Salins a Town in Franche County Salisbury a Town in Wiltshire Salonichi a Town in Macedon Saltzburg a Town in the Duchy of Bavaria Samarcand a Town in Ziagathay Samogitia a Province in Poland Sandomir a Town in Upper Poland Sta. Fe or St. Faith a Town in New Mexico Sta. Fe de Begota a Town in Castilla del Oro. Sta. Martha a Town in Castilla del Oro. Santillana a Town in Asturia Saragossa a Town in Aragon Saragusa formerly Syracuse a Town in Val di Noto Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Sassari a Town in Sardinia Savatopoli a Town in Georgia Savona a Town in the Republick of Genoa Savoy a little Country between France Italy and Swizzerland but counted part of Lombardy Saw a River in Turky in Europe which falls into the Danube Saxony Electorship a little Province in Upper Saxony Saxony the Lower a Province in Germany Saxony the Vpper a Province in Germany Scagen a Town in the most Northern part of the Diocess of Alburg Scanderoon or Alexandretta a Town in Turky in Asia Scandinavia a large Country in the North of Europe containing the Kingdoms of Swedeland Denmark and Norway Scardona a Town in Dalmatia Schafhausen a Town in the Canton of Schafhausen Schafhausen Canton a Province in Swizzerland Scheld a River in the Low Countries Schiras a Town in Persia Schonen a Province in South Gothland Schwaben or Suevia a Province in Germany Scotland heretofore called Caledonia a Country in Europe being the North part of Great Britain Scotland beyond Tay all Scotland which lies from the Tay Northward Scotland on this side Tay the South part of Scotland which is included between the River Tay and England Scutari a Town in Albania Sea of Kilan or Sala a vast Lake between Persia and Tartary known heretofore by the name of Caspian Sea Sebenico a Town in Dalmatia Segelmessa a Town in Bildulgerid Segorbe a Town in the Province Valentia Segovia a Town in Old Castile Servia a Province in Turky in Europe being part of the ancient Country of Moesia Setines heretofore called Athens a Town in Livadia Seventeen Provinces Low Countries or Netherlands in Europe the Romans comprised them all under the name of Belgia Severn a River in England Sevil a Town in Andaluzia Seyne a River in France Shannon a River in Ireland Shetland or Hetland Isles in the Northern Ocean not far from Scotland Shropshire in the Kingdom of Mercia Sian a Town in the Indian Peninsula beyond Ganges Sicily an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Siena a Town in Tuscany Sierra Liona Mountains so called in Guiny Silesia a Province in Germany Silly Islands or the Sorlings some of the British Isles between England France and Ireland Sind heretofore called Indus a River in India Sion a Town in Valais Slavonia a Province in Turky in Europe part of the ancient Illyricum Sleswick a Town in the Duchy of Sleswick Sles-wick Duchy a little Province in South-Jutland Sluys a Town in the County of Flanders Smirna a Town in Turky in Asia Smolensko a Town in the Dukedom of Smolensko Smolensko Dukedom with that of Novogrod-Sevierski in Poland Soczow a Town in Moldavia Soloturn a Town in the Canton of Soloturn Soloturn Canton a Province in Swizzerland Somersetshire in the Kingdom of the West Saxons Sophia a Town in Bulgaria Sorling or Silly Islands some of the British Isles between England France and Ireland Sound a straight or narrow passage in in the Baltick Sea between Zeeland and Schonen Sound Isles or Islands of the Sound in the Indian Ocean Southampton a Town in Hampshire South America or Peruviana the greatest half of America so called from it's situation southward and from the Province of Peru. South Gothland a Province in Swedeland South-Jutland a Province in Denmark South sea otherwise Pacifick sea on the South-west side of America Southern Ocean or Aethiopian Sea about the south-west side of Africk Spain a Country in Europe sometimes called by the Romans Iberia sometimes Hispania and not seldom Hesperia Spalato a Town in Dalmatia Spanish Netherlands or Flanders comprehend nine or ten of the most Southern Provinces of the Low Countries Spire a Town in the Palatinate of the Rhine Spiritu Santo a Town in Brasil Spiritu Santo the name of a River running through Monomotopa and Cafreria Spoleto a Town in the Duchy of Spoleto Spoleto Duchy or Vmbria a little Province in the Dominion of the Pope Staffordshire in the Kingdom of Mercia Stalimene a Town in the Isle of Stalimene Stalimene once Lemnos an Island in the Mediterranean Sea towards Romania Stantz a Town in the Canton of Underwalden State of the Church or Dominion of the Pope a great Province in Italy Sterling a Town in South Scotland Stetin a Town in
Pomeren Stiria a Province in the Southern part of Germany Stives a Town in Livadia formerly known by the name of Thebes Stockholm a Town in Sweden Stolp the name of a company of Hills in Muscovy anciently called Riphaeen Mountains Straights of Anian between Asia and the Land of Jesso an unfrequented Country near America Northward traights of Gibraltar between Spain and Barbary joyning together the Western Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Straights of Magellan between America and that great Continent called Terra Magellanica Straights of Negropont or the Euripus an Arm of the Sea separating the Isle of Negropont from Livadia Stralzund a Town in Pomeren Strazburg a Town in Alsace Strom a Town in the Isle of Fero. Stutgart a Town in the Duchy of Wirtenberg Suaquem a Town in Abissinia Suevia or Schwaben a Province in Germany Suez or Calzem a Town in Egypt Suffolk a County in the Kingdom of the East Angles Sundrio a Town in Valtoline Surat a Town in the Indian Continent Surrey a County in the Kingdom of Sussex Sussex a County in the Kingdom of Sussex Sussex one of the Seven Saxon Kingdoms in England Sweden a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden or Swedeland Sweden or Swedeland a Country in Europe Swerin a Town in Mecklenburg Switz a Town in the Canton of Switz Switz Canton a Province in Swizzerland Swizzerland a Country in Europe near France Swol a Town in Overissel T TAdousack a Town in Canada Taio or Tagus a River in Spain Tamaraca a Town in Brasil Tanais or Don a River in Muscovy and upon the Frontiers of Little Tartary Tangier a Town in Barbary Tanguth or Campion a Town in Cathay Targa or Zaghara a Town in Zaara Targorod a Town in Moldavia Targowisko a Town in Walachia Taragon formerly Tarraco a Town in Catalonia Tartar a Town in North-Tartary Tartary of the Cham otherwise Cathay part of Great Tartary Tartary Desert part of Great Tartary Tartary the Greater once called Scythia all the Northern part of Asia Tartary the Less on the South side of Muscovy a Country tributary to the Turk it was called anciently Scythia Taurica Tavila a Town in Algarves Taurus the name of several Mountains in Asia more especially some Mountains in the Western part of Turky in Asia but Ceraunius was the most ancient name Tay a River in Scotland Teflis a Town in Georgia Teissa or Tyssa a River in Turky in Europe discharging it self into the Danube Terceran Islands or Azores in the Western Ocean Terra Arctica a great unin habited Country towards the North Pole Terra di Lavoro a Province in the Kingdom of Naples Terra Incognita or Magellanica a vast Country toward the South Pole Terra Sabina a Province in the Dominion of the Pope Tesset a Town in Bildulgerid Thames a River in England Thebet a Town in a Country of the same name Thebet or Turquestan part of Great Tartary Thionville a Town in the Duchy of Luxemburg Tiber a River in Italy Tigris a River in Turky in Asia Tirole a Province in Germany Toledo a Town in New Castile Tombote a Town in Nigritia Tonningen a Town in the Duchy of Sleswick Tornia a Town in the Territories of Tornia Tornia a River in Swedeland Tornia Territories in Lapland Toro a Town in the Province of Leon. Tortosa a Town in Catalonia Toulon a Town in Provence Toulouse a Town in Languedock Touraine a Province in the Government of Orleanois Tours a Town in Touraine Transilvania a Province in Europe tributary to the Turk being part of the ancient Country of Dacia Trent a Town and Bishoprick within the Confines of Italy but depending on the County of Tirole Trent a River in England Treves a Town in the Diocess of Treves Treves or Triers Diocess in the Western part of Germany Triest a Town in Carniola Trino a Town in Monferrat Tripoli a Town in Barbary Troyes a Town in Champaigne Truxillo a Town in New Spain Tubingen a Town in the Duchy of Wirtenberg Tucuman a Country in South America Tunis a Town in Barbary Turin a Town in Piedmont Turingia a small Province in Upper Saxony Turky a Large Empire in our Continent divided into Turky in Europe and Turky in Asia Turky the Lower the South part of Turky in Europe comprehending the two ancient Countries of Greece and Thrace Turky the Vpper the North part of Turky in Europe wherein were included formerly Pannonia Illyricum Moesia c. Turquestan or Thebet part of Great Tartary Tuscany or Duchy of Florence heretofore known by the name of Hetruria a Province in Italy Tyssa or Tessa a River in Turky in Europe which runs into the Danube U VAl di Demona a Province in Sicily Val di Mazara a Province in Sicily Val di Noto a Province in Sicily Valais a Province in Swizzerland Valence a Town in Dauphiny Valenciennes a Town in Haynault Valentia a Town in the Province of Valentia Valentia a Province in Spain Valladolid a Town in New Spain Valladolid a Town in Old Castile Valona a Town in Albania Valtoline a Province in Swizzerland Venice a Town in the Republick of Venice Venice Republick a Province in Lombardy Vercelli a Town in Piedmont Verdan a Town in Lorain Vienn a Town in Dauphiny Vienna a Town in Austria Virginia a Province in New England Viterbo a Town in the Patrimony of St. Peter Viviers a Town in Cevennes Vkrania a Province in Poland Vlm a Town in Schwaben Vlster a Province in Ireland Vma a Town in the Territories of Uma Vma Territories in Lapland Vmbria or Duchy of Spoleto in the Dominion of the Pope Vnderwalden a Province or Canton of Swizzerland Vnited Netherlands or Provinces otherwise Holland seven or eight Provinces in the North of the Low Countries Volhinia a Province in Poland Vpsal a Town in the Sweden Vrbino a Town in Duchy of Urbino Vrbino Duchy in the Dominion of the Pope Vri a Canton or Province in Swizzerland Vsbeck otherwise called Ziagathay or Mauaralnahara part of Great Tartary Vtrecht a Town in the Seigniory of Utrecht Vtrecht Seigniory one of the Seventeen Provinces in Holland W WAlachia part of the ancient Dacia a Province in Europe tributary to the Turk Wales a Country in the West of England Wardhus a Town in the Government of Wardhus Wardhus Government in Norway Warsaw a Town in Mazovia Warwickshire in the Kingdom of Mercia Waterford a Town in Munster Wells a Town in Somersetshire Weser a River in Germany Wessex or Kingdom of the West Saxons one of the Seven Saxon Kingdoms in England West-Friseland one of the Seventeen Provinces in Holland West Indies by this name is most properly meant the Antego Islands and some others upon the Coast of America but sometimes all America is so called Westmorland a County in the Kingdom of Northumberland Westphalia a Province in Germany Wester 〈…〉 lantick Sea on the West side 〈…〉 rope and Africk Westro-Gothland a small Province in North-Gothland Weteravia or Weteraw a little Province in the Western part of Germany comprehended under that of Hessen Wexford a Town in Lemster Weyssel or Wistule a River in Poland Weyssenburg a Town in Transilvania White Sea or Archipelago on the East side of Greece Wiburg a Town in Finland Wiburg a Town in the Diocess of Wiburg Wiburg Diocess in North-Jutland Wight one of the British Isles near the South Coast of England Wihitz a Town in Croatia Wilna a Town in Lithuania Wiltshire in the Kingdom of the West Saxons Winchester a Town in Hampshire Windisch Marck or the Marquisate of Windes a small Province in the Southern part of Germany joyning to Carniola Windsor a Town in Barkshire Wirtenberg a Town in the Duchy of Wirtenberg Wirtenberg Duchy in the Southern part of Germany Wirtzburg a Town 〈…〉 Wismar a Town in M 〈…〉 urg Wistule or Weyssel a River in Poland Witepscki a Town in Lithuania Wittenberg a Town in the Electorship of Saxony Wolfenbuttel a Town in the Duchy of Brunswick Wolga a River in Muscovy Wolodimer a Town in Muscovy Wologda a Town in Muscovy Worcester a Town in Worcestershire Worcestershire in the Kingdom of Mercia Worms a Town in the Palatinate of the Rhine Worotin a Town in Muscovy X XAmo or Camul a Town in Cathay Y YArmouth a Town in Norfolk York a Town in Yorkshire Yorkshire in the Kingdom of Northumberland Z ZAara a Country in Africk Zaghara or Targa a Town in Zaara Zair a River in Congo Zambera a River running through Monomotopa and Cafreria Zamoski a Town in Russia the Black Zanguebar a Country in Africk Zanhaga a Town in Zaara Zant an Island in the Mediterranean Sea near Morea Westward Zara a Town in Dalmatia Zeeland formerly Codanonia an Island in the Baltick Sea Zeland one of the Seventeen Provinces in Holand Zell a Town in the Duchy of Lunenburg Ziagathay otherwise Vsbeck or Mavaralnahara part of Great Tartary Zibit a Town in Arabia Ziden a Town in Arabia Zimbaoe or Massapa a Town in Monomotopa Zittaw a Town in Lusatia Zofala a Town in Cafreria Zuenziga a Town in Zaara Zug a Town in the Canton of Zug Zug Canton in Swizzerland Zurick a Town in the Canton of Zurick Zurick Canton in Swizzerland Zutphen a Town in the County of Zutphen Zutphen County one of the of the Seventeen Provinces in Holland FINIS
Compendium Geographicum OR A More Exact Plain and Easie INTRODUCTION INTO ALL GEOGRAPHY Then yet Extant after the latest Discoveries or Alterations Very Useful especially for Young Noblemen and Gentlemen the like not printed in English By Peregrin Clifford Chamberlayne of the Inner Temple Gent. LONDON Printed for William Crook at the Green Dragon without Temple Bar 1682. TO THE Right Honourable CHARLES Lord HERBERT Son and Heir to the Lord Marquess of Worcester My Lord THE Honour that I have had of your Lordships most obliging Kindness and Favour in your Travels abroad hath animated me humbly to beg your Lordships Patronage over these my first Fruits not that by this Enchiridion or small Pocket-book I pretend to add any thing to the Knowledge of a Person who before he had attained to the Age of thirteen Years et Mores Hominum multorum vidit et Urbes and who now at the Age of twenty is endowed with so much Judgment Wisdom and Discretion as appears every day my Lord by your eminent Service towards your King and Country in a most diligent and dextrous administration of Justice Not I say that this Epitome of Geography can add to your Lordships Knowledge but only that when your Lordships Illustrious Name shall appear in the Front hereof it may the sooner encourage the young Nobility and Gentry of this Nation to make use of it which is the main Aim of MY LORD Your Lordships Most humble and Most obedient Servant P. C. Chamberlayne THE PREFACE I Will not go about to say very much in commendation of this Science neither could I speak its praise enough to satisfie my self had I that intention therefore I will leave it to some more skilful Encomiast But I cannot sufficiently admire to see it thus neglected in a Nation where all other Arts and Sciences do flourish and abound in so great a measure No excuse ought to suffice any well bred Person for his ignorance in Geography this being a Science and I may truly say the only Science that comes within the capacity of all Mankind whether old or young Men or Women for any one may easily attain to the knowledge of it that has but a Memory a few Maps and a little Method and methinks he that is ignorant of it especially if a Man of parts must needs blush every time he reads the Gazette and cannot give an account in what Country is seated such a Place or Town of note and surely he must be strangely out of countenance to hear himself baffled in Geography by every ordinary Seaman Yet I hope there will not be found among our Oxonians that shall assert the Moors came out of Greece as did a Gentleman of the Vniversity of Paris because part of this Country is now called Morea and I can speak of my own knowledge of a young Minister beyond Sea who took Copenhagen to be the name of a Dutch Commander I may be bold to say that this Science is not necessary in our daily conversation only for he that understands it has no less advantage towards the reading of any History and he cannot but acknowledge that his skill in Maps gives an extraordinary light to what he reads Besides no one will deny but that it is also very delightful to travel round the Earth and visit each part thereof without danger and without quitting their Native Country Friends and Relations And seeing that God has allotted the Earth and all that is in it to be under the Jurisdiction of Man it seems as if they who are wholly ignorant of the Form and Dimensions of this Lower World and of the Situation Extent or Division of it's Parts did in some sort slight and despise the Creation 'T is true there are other Sciences not a little advantagious to him who will throughly understand a History as Chronology and Genealogy yet Geography is placed before these of course for the Question is generally asked first Where and afterwards When and by Whom this or that thing was done Moreover God having created the Earth before he made Man it would seem something absurd to be well versed in the state of Humane Affairs and altogether ignorant of the Countries wherein they were acted Knowing that a good Method ought chiefly to be observed in this as well as in other Sciences I have therefore imitated that of Monsieur de Launay a very learned Man in his Introduction to Geography printed two or three years ago in France from whence I translated what made most for my purpose but from the beginning to the end of this small Treatise I have endeavoured to observe that Brevity which I first proposed to myself therefore if any esteem this Volume too little for the Subject whereof it treats I must Apologize for my self and it with Brevitas Memoriae Amica nevertheless I will at the same time affirm without any thing of Vanity that there is no Geography now extant in English except one of two of a large Bulk and larger Price that treats so fully as this of all the parts of the known Earth with their Subdivisions I confess I have inserted very little of the Historical Part that it might be the more compendious and to make the more room for what belongs purely to Geography which induces me to hope that the Reader will here find Magnum in Parvo To conclude I have taken all the care imaginable to render this Geography clear and easie even to the meanest Capacity and not to spell the Proper Nomes wrong or miscall them an Error too frequent in most others by which confusion the Reader is not seldom discouraged to proceed in what he began perhaps with no small delight Concerning the Vse of the Globe and Maps MY Intention at first was to have enlarged a little more upon this Subject of the Use of Maps but Mr. Guy Miege has lately prevented me with a Treatise called A new Survey of the whole World wherein as well this point as all others relating to Cosmography are discussed by way of Dialogue I will therefore be as brief as possible at least concerning any matter whereof he has already treated Geography in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. a description of the Earth is compounded of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies the Earth and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to write or describe Here the Earth must not be taken simply but for one Element as in Natural Philosophy but must be understood to be a Terraqeous Globe that is a Globe composed of two Elements Earth and Water which together make one Spherical Body commonly called the Earth as being the name of the more worthy part This Science differs from Cosmography as one part doth from the whole for the word Cosmography has a signification far more comprehensive as is demonstrated by its Erymology being derived from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the World and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to describe now by the World is meant the Heavens
either about our Continent or America Those of our Continent are of Europe Asia or Africk The Islands of Europe are either in the Ocean as Great Britain Ireland and Island anciently Thule or In the Mediterranean Sea as Sicily Candy which of old was called Creet and Sardinia or In the Baltick Sea as Zeeland Fuien or Funen and Rugen The Islès of Asia are divided into these eight parts following viz. 1. The Japan Islands 2. The Islands of China 3. The Philippine Islands 4. The Molucco Islands 5. The Islands of the Sound 6. The Isle of Zeilan 7. The Maldive Islands 8. The Isle of Cyprus The African Islands make six divisions or parts viz. 1. The Island of Madagascar or St. Lawrence 2. The Isles of St. Helena the Ascension the Isle of St. Thomas under the Equinoctial Line with many of less note up and down in the Aethiopian Sea 3. The Isles of Cape Verd or as heretofore the Hesperian Isles 4. The Canary anciently Fortunate Islands 5. The Islands of Madera 6. The Isle of Malta with some lesser Islands adjacent to it The Islands of America are also divided into six parts viz. 1. The Isles Azores or Terceran Islands which some make to belong to Africk 2. The Isles of New-found Land 3. The Isles of the Antilles or the Antego Islands 4. The great Island of Calisurnia 5. The Isles of New Guinny or of the Pacifick Ocean 6. The Magellanick Islands by the Straight of Magellan The Magellanick Continent and Terra Arctica shall not be spoken of here being not yet fully discovered CHAP. IV. Of the Seas Gulfs Straights Lakes and Rivers THE Water which doth incompass or separate the parts of the Terrestrial Globe are divided into Seas Gulfs Straights Lakes and Rivers The great Sea which environs our Continent is called the Ocean which is divided into four parts 1. The Northern Ocean called the Frozen and in time past the Scythian Sea which comprehends the Sea of Tartary of Muscovy and of Scandinavia 2. The Western or Atlantick Ocean this contains the Seas of Great Britain France and Spain with the Sea of the Canaries and of Guinny 3. The Southern Ocean or Aethiopian comprehends the Seas of Congo or Angola of Casreria and that of Zanguebar 4. The Eastern Oriental or Indian Ocean includes the Arabian Sea the Persian the Indian and the Sea of China The great Sea about America is divided into the North Sea the South or Pacifick Sea and the Sea of Magellanica 1. The North Sea is divided into three parts according to the Countries adjacent viz. the Sea of Canada or New France the Mexican Sea or the Sea of New Spain and the Sea of Brasil 2. The Pacifick Sea comprehends in it's full extent the Seas of Peru of New Mexico and the Archipelago of St. Lazarus towards China and the East Indies 3. The Magellanick Sea waters all the coast of Terra Magellanica within the compass of which is included the Seas of Paraguay Magellanica and Chili But leaving these exact subdivisions of the Seas this you must observe that the Seas always or most commonly borrow the names of the adjacent Countries so that he who understands the division of the Maritime States and of the Islands knows for the most part the names of the Seas The three most famous Gulfs of our Continent which for their greatness are called Seas are the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Africk the Baltick Sea between Sweden Germany and Poland and the Red Sea between Asia and Africk The three Gulfs of America are the Gulf of Mexico between Mexico and Florida Hudsons Gulf or Bay North-Westward from Canada and the Gulf of La Plata in Paraguay The three most famous Straights of the World are the Straights of Gibraltar the Nè plus ultra of the Ancients between Europe and Africk this joins the Mediterranean Sea to the Ocean the Straights of Magellan between America and Terra Magellanica and the Straights of Anian between our Continent and the Land of Jesso The three most considerable Lakes round about the Terrestrial Globe are 1. In Asia on the North side of Persia the Caspian Lake or Sea otherwise called the Sea of Kilan or of Sala 2. The Lake Parima under the Equator in Guyana 3. The Lake called the Fresh-water Sea in Canada The most famous Rivers in the World are in Europe nine the Thames in England Tornia in Scandinavia Wolga in Muscovy the Loire in France the Rhine in Germany the Weyssell or Wistule in Poland the River Tagus now Taio in Spain Po in Italy and the Danow or Danube in Turky in Europe In Asia twelve Euphrates and Tigris in Turky in Asia Indus or Sind Ganges the River of Pegu and Menan in India Kiang and Hoang or Caramoran in China Ghammas Jihun or Balch anciently Oxus Ardock or Alsagsh in time past Jaxartes and Obius in Great Tartary Six in Africk viz. Nile in Abissinia and in Egypt Niger in Nigritia Ghir in Zaara the Zair in Congo Zambera and Spiritu Santo in Monomotopa and Cafreria In America there are also six the River of St. Laurence in Canada Paria or Orenoke between Castilla del Oro and Guyana the River of the Amazons otherwise Orelhana in Peru that of St. Francis in Brasil the River Parana in Paraguay and that of La Plata in the same Country the largest River in the World the mouth of which is not unfitly stiled a Gulf. CHAP. V. Of Europe in general ALL our design in this little Compendium of Geography is to take particular care to describe Europe the knowledge whereof is most necessary for us Although Europe gives place to Asia Africk and America for greatness and extent nevertheless it 's infinite number of advantages render it without contradiction the most considerable part of the inhabitable World For if we consider the situation of it we shall find that lying in the middle of the Temperate Zone the Countries of this part of the World are exceedingly more fertile and fuller of People than those of the other three Moreover it is to be observed that through the natural situation of the Countries of Europe the Inhabitants have great trading one among another by the means of the Seas Straights and Gulfs which belong to it and by the convenience of a great number of Rivers which run through all parts of it so that by their Voyages Navigation Trade and their frequent Wars they are become the most expert People in the World and so warlike that they have in their hands the Soverainty of the other parts of the Earth Witness the Conquests of the Grecians and Romans in old times and the victorious Navigations in this Age by which the Spaniards the English the French and the Hollanders have added what was wanting to their own felicity by the spoils of forreign Nations that they have overcome Besides Europe receives a greater advantage by the profession of the Gospel of JESVS CHRIST whose
Stiria ch T. Graiz Carinthia ch T. Clagenfurt Carniola ch T. Lauback with the only Imperial Haven of Triest The County of Cilly ch T. Cilly and the Marquisate of Windes or Windisch Mark ch T. Metling 9. Imperial Hungary ch T. Presburg Komora and Raab or Javarin The Eastern or Bohemian Germany towards Poland comprehends four parts whereof the three last depend upon the Kingdom of Bohemia which is the first and principal part of them all 1. The Kingdom of Bohemia ch T. Prague Kuttenberg and Egra 2. The Marquisate of Moravia ch T. Olmutz Brinn and Newstad 3. The Duchy of Silesia ch T. Breslaw Gros Glogaw and Lignitz 4. The Marquisate of Lusatia now under the jurisdiction of the Duke of Saxony ch T. Bautzen Gorlitz and Zittaw Northern Germany about the Elbe and Oder towards the Baltick Sea is divided into the Upper and Lower Saxony Upper Saxony comprehends three parts viz. 1. The Electorship of Saxony properly taken with Misnia and Turingia ch T. Dresden in Misnia Wittenberg in Saxony and Ersurt in Turingia 2. The Electoral Marquisate of Brandenburg divided into the Old the New and the Middle Marquisate ch T. Berlin Francfort upon Oder and Brandenburg 3. Pomerania or Pomeren ch T. Stetin Stralzund and Colberg Lower Saxony comprehends likewise three great parts subdivided again into several others viz. 1. The Dukedoms of Lunenburg and Brunswick ch T. Wolfenbuttel Zell and Hannover 2. The Stares of Bremen Ferden Minden and Oldenburg ch T. of the same name 3. Mecklenburg ch T. Swerin Wismar and Gustrow I shall not make mention here of the Dutchy of Holsten although it be part of Germany having spoken of it before in the description of Jutland It sufficeth to observe the two famous Imperial Hans-Towns Hamburg and Lubeck which live under the form of Common-wealths The five chief Rivers of Germany are the Rhine the Danube called long since Ister the Elbe the Oder and the Weser CHAP. XI Of Poland THE Elective Kingdom of Poland is the most Easterly of the three middle parts of Europe It lies Eastward from Germany on the North of Hungary Transilvania and Moldavia and South-westward from Muscovy It comprehends two States that of true Poland with the Provinces annexed thereto and the great Duchy of Lithuania with its dependances which is now united to the Crown of Poland We will divide the true Poland into nine great Provinces and Lithuania into three after having first considered that this State is watered by four great Rivers The Wistule the Boristhenes or Nieper the Niemen and the Niester which divides Poland from Moldavia The nine great Provinces of Poland are 1. The Province of Poland divided into the Lesser or Upper Poland wherein are these chief Towns Cracow Sandomir and Lublin and into the Greater or Lower Poland ch T. Gnesna or Gniesen Posnan or Posen and Kalisz 2. Prussia part belonging to Poland ch T. Dantzick Marienburg and Culm and part to Brandenburg ch T. Koningsbeg Elbing and Memel 3. The Duchy of Curland the Prince whereof owes fealty to the Crown of Poland ch T. Mittaw and Goldingen 4. Mazovia ch T. Warsaw and Czersk 5. Polachia or Podelassia ch T. Bielsko 6. Little Russia or Black Russia to distinguish it from Muscovy which is sometimes called Great or White Russia ch T. Leopol otherwise Lewenburg Halicz and Zamoski 7. Podolia where is Kaminieck Braclawor Bratzlaw and Bar. 8. Volhinia whereof the ch T. are Kiow and Lutzko 9. Vkrania generally included within the limits of Volhinia ch T. Czirkassi Moreover Lithuania contains three parts viz. 1. The great Duchy of Lithuania ch T. Wilna Witepscki and Novogrodeck 2. Samogitia ch T. Rosinia 3. The Palatinates or Dukedoms of Smolensko and Novogiod-Sevierski with the Towns so called CHAP. XII Of Spain THis Country at first was called Iberia from the River Iberus now Ebro and also Hesperia from Hesperus the Evening Star always seen in the West for it lies the most Westward of all the Countries of Europe afterwards in the time of the Romans it was more universally known by the name of Hispania and by them divided into three Provinces Baetica so named from the River Baetis now Guadalquivir running through the middle of it Tarraconensis or the Province of Tarraco and Lusitania which is now the Kingdom of Portugal It is encompassed with the Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea which make it a Peninsula and is contiguous to France on the North-East side from which it is divided by the Pyrenies But now to the modern division of this Kingdom Spain is divided at present into fifteen Provinces most of them Kingdoms heretofore whereof the greatest part do still reta in the titles to which one may add three Isles that are in the Mediterranean Sea Of these fifteen Provinces three are Northerly viz. 1. Navarr whereof the ch Towns are Pampelona Estella and Olita 2. Biscay ch T. Bilbao Fontarabia and St. Sebastian 3. Asturia ch T. Oviedo Santillana and Aviles Three are Westerly viz. 4. Gallicia ch T. St. Jago de compostella Mondonnedo and La Corunna 5. The Kindom of Portugal now free from the Soverainty of the Spaniards ch T. Lisbon which they say was built by Vlysses Braga and Coimbra 6. Algarves belonging to the Kingdom of Portugal ch T. Faro and Tavila Three are Southerly viz. 7. Andaluzia ch T. Sevil Cadiz and Cordova 8. Granada ch T. Granada Guadix and Malaga 9. Murcia ch T. Murcia and New Carthage or Carthagena Three are Easterly viz. 10. Valentia ch T. Valentia Aliâ—ant and Segorbe 11. Catalonia ch T. Barcelona Tarragon and Tortosa 12. Aragon ch T. Saragossa Jacca and Balbastro The three last Provinces are situated in the middle of Spain viz. 13. Leon ch T. Leon Salamanca and Toro 14. Old Castile ch T. Valladolid Burgos Segovia and the ancient Numantia famous for holding out a Siege of fifteen years against the Romans but now ruined 15. New Castile ch T. Madrid Toledo and Alcala de Henares not forgetting the most famous Monastry of the Escurial not far from Madrid The three neighbouring Isles depending upon this Country are Majorca Minorca and Ivica with the chief Towns of the same name except Minorca which hath the Fortress of Citadelli The five greatest Rivers of Spain are Taio or Tagus Ebro Duero Guadiana and Guadalquivir CHAP. XIII Of Italy ITaly is situated in the Mediterranean Sea which makes it a kind of Peninsula under the shape of a Leg. It is separated from France and Germany by the Alps and divided from one end to the other by the Apennine Hills Italy as well as Spain hath been named Hesperia by the Greeks from whom it lies Westward it hath also sometimes gon under the name of Ausonia but most generally known as well anciently as at present by that of Italia It was heretofore divided into fourteen Countries which were inhabited by so many distinct sorts of People Towards the North lie four great parts Gallia Transpadana Venetia Liguria and Gallia
in the Duchy of Lunenburg Lunenburg and Brunswick Duchy in Lower Saxony Lusatia a Province in the Eastern part of Germany Lutzko a Town in Volhinia Luxemburg a Town in the Duchy of Luxemburg Luxemburg Duchy one of the Seventeen Provinces in Flanders Lyonnois a Province in the Government of Lyonnois Lyonnois Government in France Lyons a Town in Lyonnois M MAcao a Town in a small Island upon the Coast of China Macedon a Province in Greece Madagascar or St. Laurence an Island in the Southern Ocean Madera Islands in the Western Ocean Madragan or Monomotopa a Town in the Country of Monomotopa Madrid a Town in New Castile Maestricht a Town in the Duchy of Limburg Magadoxo a Town in Zanguebar Magellanica a Country in South America Magellanica or Terra Incognita a great Tract of Land towards the South Pole Magellanick Islands in the Magellanick Sea Magellanick Sea towards the most Southern side of America Magliano a Town in Terra Sabina Maine a Province in the Government of Orleanois Majorca a Town in the Isle of Majorca Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Malacca a Town in the Indian Peninsula beyond Ganges Malaga a Town in the Province of Granada Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean Malines a Town in the Seigniory of Malines Malines Seigniory one of the Seventeen Provinces in Flanders Malmuyen a Town in Schonen Malta an Iland in the Mediterranean Sea Man one of the British Isles between England Scotland and Ireland Mandinga a Town in Nigritia Manfredonia a Town in Capitanata Manoa or El Dorado a Town in Guyana Man 's a Town in Maine Mantua a Town in the Duchy of Mantua Mantua Duchy a small Province in Lombardy Maraâ—baon a Town in Brasil Marienburg a Town in Prussia Royal. Marne a River in France Marocco a Town in Barbary Marquisate of the Holy Empire or Antwerp Seigniory one of the Seventeen Provinces in Flanders Marseilles a Town in France Marstrand a Town in the Government of Bahus Massapa or Zimbaoe a Town in Monomotopa Mavaralnahara otherwise Vsbeck or Ziagathay part of Great Tartary Mazovia a Province in Poland Meath a Province in Ireland Mecca a Town in Arabia Mecklenburg a Province in Germany Medina a Town in Arabia Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Africk Melinda a Town in Zanguebar Melun a Town in the Isle of France Memel a Town in Prussia Ducal Menan a River in India Mentz a Town in the Diocess of Mentz Mentz Diocess in the Western part of Germany Mercia one of the Seven Saxon Kingdoms in England Merida a Town in New Spain Merionethshire in Wales Messina a Town in Val di Demona Metling a Town in Windisch Marck Metz a Town in Lorain Meuse a River in the Low Countries Mexicana or North America All the North part of America so called from Mexico Mexico a Town in New Spain Mexico or New Spain a Country in North America Middelfurt a Town in Funen Middelfurt Sound a Straight or narrow passage in the Baltick Sea between Jutland and Funen Middleburg a Town in Zeland Middlesex a County in the Kingdom of Essex Milan a Town in Milanese Milanese a Province in Lombardy Mina or St. George of the Mine a Town in Guinny Minden a Town in the Territories of Minden Minden Territoris in Lower Saxony Minorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Mirandola a Town in the Duchy of Mantua Misithra anciently Lacedaemon a Town in Morea Misnia a little Province in Upper Saxony Mittaw a Town in Curland Modena a Town in the Duchy of Modena Modena Duchy a little Province in Lombardy Moldavia part of the ancient Dacia a Province in Europe tributary to the Turk Molingar a Town in Meath Molissa a Town in the County of Molissa Molissa County in the Kingdom of Naples Moluccoes Islands in the Indian Ocean Mombaza a Town in Zanguebar Mompellier a Town in Languedock Monbelliard a Town in the County of Monbelliard Monbelliard County in the Government of Franche County Mondonnedo a Town in Gallicia Monferrat a little Province in Lombardy Monmouthshire in the Kingdom of Mercia Monomotopa a Country in Africk Monomotopa or Madragan a Town in the Country of Monomotopa Mons a Town in Haynault Monstiers a Town in Savby Montgomery a Town in Montgomeryshire Montgomeryshire in Wales Montmedy a Town in the Duchy of Luxemburg Montmelian a Town in Savoy Montreal a Town in Canada Montreal a Town in Val di Mazata Moravia a Province in Germany Morea a Province in Greece called heretofore Peloponnesus Morlakia a small Province in Turky in Europe contiguous to Croatia Mosco a Town in Muscovy Mosul a Town in Turky in Asia Moulins a Town in Bourbonnois Mountains of the Moon between Abissinia and Monomotopa Muzambick a Town in Zanguebar Munchen a Town in the Duchy of Bavaria Munster a Town in Westphalia Munster a Province in Ireland Muoncheu or Cambalu a Town in Cathay Murcia a Town in the Province of Murcia Murcia a Province in Spain Muscovy or Russia part of the antient Sarmatia a Country in Europe N NAmur a Town in the County of Namur Namur County one of the Seventeen Provinces in Flanders Nanciang a Town in China Nancy a Town in Lorain Nanking a Town in China Nantes a Town in Bretaigne Naples called formerly Parthenope a Town in Terra di Lavoro Naples a Kingdom and a great part of Italy Narbonn a Town in Languedock Narsinga a Town in the Indian Peninsula on this side Ganges Navarr a Province in Spain Negropont a Town in the Isle of Negropont Negropont heretofore Euboea an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastside of Greece Netherlands or Seventeen Provinces in Europe anciently known by the name of Belgia Nevers a Town in Nivernois Newburg a Town in the Palatinate of Bavaria New Carthage or Carthagina a Town in Murcia New Castile a Province in Spain Newcastle a Town in Northumberland New England a little Province in the great Country of New England New England a Country in North America New-found Land a great Island in the North Sea near Canada New France or Canada a Country in North America New Granada a Town in New Mexico New Guinny a great Island in the Pacifick Sea towards Asia New Holland or New York a little Province in New England New Mexico a Country in North America New Plymouth a Town in New England New Spain or Mexico a Country in North America Newstad a Town in Moravia New-Town or Cambridg a Town in New England New York a Town in the Province of New York New York or New Holland a little Province in New England Niburg a Town in Funen Niemen a River in Poland Nieper or Boristhenes a River in Poland Niester a River in Poland Nigepoli a Town in Bulgaria Niger a River in Nigritia Nigritia or Land of the Blacks a Country in Africk Nikopen a Town in Sweden Nile a River in Egypt Nimmegen a Town in Gelderland Nisa a Town in Servia Nivernois a Province in