about 9 days Journey from Hispahan at the Foot of a Mountain Amager oâ— Amac Amagria a Fruitful Island in the Baltick Ocean over against Copenhagen under the Crown of Denmark Amaguana one of the Luccaye Islands in America near St. Domingo Amalfi Amalphis an Archiepiscopal City and Dukedom of the Kingdom of Naples but notwithstanding these great Honours it is little and ill built It stands upon the Bay of Salerno the West part of which is called La Costa d' Amalfi It is said the Body of S. Andrew is kept here And in this place Flavio Gioia found out the use of the Compass in the Year 1300. It is â—â— miles distant from Salerno and 24 from Naples to the North-East Amana another of the Luccaye Islands Amâ—nthea Amantia a City and Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio in Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples upon the Mediterranean There is a Castle to it which with the adjacent Country depends upon the Prince of Bisignano Amanus or Amana a Mountain mentioned Cantic 4. 8. dividing Cilicia from Syria Alexander III. overthrew Darius the first time at this passage into Syria called by the antients Amanicae Portae Aâ—apaiâ— a Province of new Andalusia in America near the River Orenoque Amara an high Mountain with a City of the same Name built upon it which gives Name to a Kingdom in the very midst of Aethiopia we are told the Children and Reltations of the Royal Family are here kept in Custody and that upon the death of their Prince they fetch another from hence But others pretend they are kept in Ovohni in the Province of Oinadag It lies under the Line in 65 degrees of Longitude Amarantes an antient People of Colchis in Asia Minor dwelling upon a Mountain of the same Name whence arises the River Phasis Amasia a City of Cappadocia in Asia the Less upon the River Casalmach Iris which falls into the Euxine Sea This City is called by the Turks Amnasan it was an Archbishoprick with four Suffragans The Turks have been possessed of it three Ages it is large the Capital of those Countries and the Seat of the Beglerbeg of Cappadocia now called by the Turks Tocat Strabo the antient Geographer who was born here gives a very particular Account of this place It now gives the Title of Archbishop to Signior D'Adda the late Nuncio in England from P. Innocent XI who promoted him to a Cardinalate amongst Ten others Feb. 13. 1689. It lies in Long. 65. 52. Latit 44. 25. Amath Epiphania a Town in Palestine Built by Amath the Son of Chanaan and mentioned by Josephus as extant in his time Pliny speaks of another in the East-Indies Amathonte Amathusa an antient City of Cyprus in which Venus had formerly a Temple Consecrated to her of great Fame Since a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Nocosia Amatique or S. Thomas a Town of North America in New-Spain in the Province de Honduras 18 Leagues distant from the North Sea which was Built Anno 1597. There is a River in the same Province called Amatituâ— Amato See Lameto Amaxie an antient City of Troas in Asia Minor where Apollo had a Temple in his Honour § Another of Cilicia given by Marc Anthony to Cleopatra Amaxobient an antient People of Sarmatia The River of Amazons is one of the biggest Rivers in the World it belongs to the South America and riseth near Quitum a City of Peru out of two Marshes which lie within two Leagues of each other at the foot of the Mountains of Cordillera then running to the East and being augmented by the Streams of Coca Napo and others it passeth the Provinces of Canela and Pacamor where it receives the River Xauxa or Maranio so passing many other Provinces after a Course of 1200 Leagues it falls into the North Ocean between Brasile and Guiana The mouth of it is very large and full of Islands it was first found in 1541. by Joannes Orellano a Spaniard and therefore some have called it the River of Orellan Peter Texeira a Spaniard has made a very exact Description of it having spent 10 Months in surveying it in 1639. Ambadar a Town upon the Nile in the Kingdom of Bagamedri in Abyssinia Amba-Geshen a Mountain almost impregnable in the Confines of Amhara prodigiously high in the form of a Castle built of Free-stone It is half a Portugal League broad at the top and at the bottom half a days Journey about Ambarri an antient People amongst the Gauls mentioned by Cesar Amber Ambrus a River of Bavaria in Germany It arises towards Tirol and falls into the Iser near Landshut Amberg a City of Germany in the Province of Northgow upon the River Wils it belongs now to the Duke of Bavaria but both it and the Country about it did belong to the Elector Palatine It is 7 German Miles from Ratisbone and 8 from Noremborg Ambiam a Kingdom of the Higher Ethiopia between the Kingdoms of Bagmid and Quara It takes its Name from the head City of it Ambiancativa a City and Kingdom of Ethiopia the Higher which has the Nile on the East and the Lake of Amasen on the West Ambibarri an antient People amongst the Gauls mentioned by Cesar and supposed to be those of the Diocese now of Avranches in Normandy Ambie or Hambie a Town in Normandy thought to retain its Name from the Ambibarri Amboina is an Island of the East-Indies the whole Circuit whereof is 16 Leagues but yet it is of great Consideration by reason of the plenty of Spice which it affords It was discovered by the Portuguese in 1515. In 1605. the Dutch drove out the Portugal Forces and possessed themselves of Amboina the principal Town by one Stephen van Hagan but that which makes this Island most infamous was the Cruelties of the Dutch executed upon the English in 1618. It lies not far from the Moluccoes and is reckon'd among the Selebes This Island lies West of Banda 24 Leagues and very near the Line Amboise Ambacia is a Town and Castle in Touraine in France near the Loir over which it has a Bridge The Kings of France have often retir'd hither for their Privacy and Pleasure Charles VIII was born here 1470. and died here April 7. 1498. But most memorable is this place for the Surprize intended against Francis II. by the Hugonots in 1560. which gave Birth to a lasting War in France This Town lies 6 Leagues from Tours and 10 from Blois Amboule a fruitful Valley in the Southern part of the Isle of Madagascar Ambracia a considerable Episcopal City of Epirus upon a Bay of the same Name in which the Battel of Actium was sought by the Fleets of Augustus and Mark Antony This was the Regal City of the famous Pyrrbus King of Epirus distant from Prevesa Nicopolis 25 Miles Ambres-bury Ambresburia a Town in Wileshire about 5 Miles West of Salisbury and 2 Miles North of Stone-â—enge seated upon the River Avon which takes its Name from Ambrosius
antient Emporiae Ampurias upon the Mediterranean 6 Leagues from Girona sometime divided betwixt 3 Nations Spaniards Greeks and Romans Cato obtain'd a signal Victory over the Spaniards here in the year of Rome 558. It was afterwards the Seat of a Bishop but being ruin'd in the Wars with the Moors the See was translated to Girona Amrom or Amrod an Island towards the Dutchy of Sleswick in Denmark Amsterdam Amstelodamium is the chief Town of the Province of Holland seated upon the River Yam It is a new City first Fortisied in 1492. but within this last hundred Years it has received its greatest growth and is now one of the greatest Marts in Europe It takes its Name from the River Amstel which glides by it and has a large convenient and a well-traded-haven The Riches number of Ships and Merchants belonging to it are equal to those of most Cities in Christendom It was taken by the Hollanlers under Prince William of Nassau from the Spaniard in 1578. having been heretofore one of the Imperial Cities it stands about two Leagues from the Zuider Sea and four from Vtrecht § The Hollanders have given the Name of Amsterdam to an Island in the Frosen Sea toward Greenland To a Town and Port of theirs in their Colonies in the Northern America To an Island in the Indian Ocean betwixt Madagascar and new Holland And lastly to another Island by them discover'd towards Japan Amu or Amus a Lake in the Country of Vsbech in Tartary Amudez a Town in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa Amurgos or Murgos an Island in the Archipelago with a City that has sometime been the Seat of a Bishop Simonides the antient Poet was born here Amyclea an antient City in the Terra di Lavoro in Italy whose surprisal and destruction by the Enemy occasioned that known Proverb Amyclas perdidit silentium Amycles See Scala Marmorea § The Name also of an antient City in the Morea where Apollo had his Temple Amydon an antient City of Macedonia upon the River Axïus Amyrus a River of Thessalia Amyzon See Mezo Ana a Town of Arabia Deserta upon the River Euphrates Anabagatha a City and an Archiepiscopal See under the Patriarch of Antioch in Asia Anacandrians Indians in the Isle of Madagascar Anachimoussi other Indians in the same Anactoire an antient City of Epirus upon the Bay of Ambracia the Anactorium of the Antients And another in Ionia Anacuies Indians of Brasil Anaf or Anfa a Town sometime the Capital of the Province of Temesen in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Atlantick Ocean Burnt by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1468. Anaghelome a small Town in the County of Down in ulster in Ireland upon the River Ban. Anagni or Agnani a City and Bishops See in the States of the Church in Italy Rich and powerful in the time of the old Romans now almost ruin'd and little inhabited Anagyrus a Tract in Achaia so call'd from the growth of Bean-Cod Trees there Anandale is a County in the West of Scotland upon the River Solway which parts Scotland from England It takes its Name from the River Anan as doth also the principal Town in it which saith Camden lost all the Glory and Beauty it had by the English War in the Reign of Edward VI. Anapanomene a Fountain of Epirus mention'd by Pliny Anaph an Island in the Archipelago now call'd Nanfio Anaplyste an antient Maritim Town in Greece near Athens Anapo Anapus a River of Sicily § Also another of Epirus Anapuia a Province of Venezuela in the South America Anaquito a Country in the Province of Quito in Peru where the two Parties of Almagra and Pizarro joynt-discovers of Peru engag'd each other in Battel in 1546. See Almagra Anatolia Asia Minor call'd by the Turks Natolie is a considerable part of Asia extending it self Westward to the Shoars of Greece It is bounded on the North with the Euxine or Black Sea on the East it is separated from Syria and Armenia Major by the Euphrates on the South it has the Mediterranean and on the North it is severed from Greece and Thrace by the Bosphorus and many other Seas It is all of it in miserable Slavery under the Turks who have strangly depopulated impoverish'd and ruin'd this once most rich and powerful Country Anatolico A Village of the Province of Despotato or the antient Aetolia in Greece built in a Marsh like Venice Anazarbe See Aczar Anazzo Gnazzi or Torre d'Anasso a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the ruinated Egnatia whose Episcopal See is transferr'd to Monopoli Ancam Ancamia an Island on the Coast of China to the Province of Canton Ancamares or Anoamares Indians in the South America along the River Madera Ancaster the antient Crocolana or Crorolana a Town upon Lincoln Heath within 12 Miles of Lincoln Ancenis Ancenesium a City in Britany in France upon the Loyre The Castle that it had is ruin'd Anchiale the same with Kenkis § Also a City of Cilicia in Asia remarkable for the Tomb and Statue of the Effeminate Sardanapalus Anchisa a part of the Mountain Atlas Anchora Asine an antient small City in the Morea near Modon Anclam Anclamum a very strong Town in Pomerania under the Government of the King of Sweden upon the River Pene. It was taken from the Swedes by the Duke of Brandenburg in 1676. and restored to them in 1679. It lies 8 German Miles South-East from Stetin Ancona the principal City of Marca Anconitana which Territory takes its name from this City it stands upon the Adriatick Sea near the Promontory of S. Ciriaco Built by the Syracusans who fled hither to avoid the fury of their Tyrant The Haven was built by Trajan the Emperor and is one of the fairest in the World but not so safe as capacious In 1532. Pope Clement the VII built here a a very strong Castle upon pretence of securing the City against the Turks but in reality to bring it into a greater subjection to the Popedom in whose Dominions it is tho formerly a kind of a Republick it has a Bishop who is not under any Archbishop It is distant from Rome 110 Miles to the North-East and from Vrbino 53 Miles to the South-East Ancyra See Engury Anczakrich Anczacricus a River of Vkrane in Poland which falls into the Black Sea within one Polish Mile of Oczakow which is now in the Possession of the Turcks and stands near the Mouth of the Neister Borysthenes Andaguaslas Indians of Peru in America between the Rivers Abanca and Xauxa Andaluzia Vandalitia a Kingdom in the South of Spain bounded on the North with the Province of Estremadura and New Castile on the East with the Kingdom of Granada on the South with the Ocean and the Mediterranean and on the West with the Atlantick Ocean and Algarve in Portugal This is the most rich and fertile Country in all Spain The Moors erected in it two Kingdoms that of Corduba and that
South-East Aquileja is call'd by the French Aquilee by the Germans Aglar and Aglareu a Patriarchal City of Italy in antient times very great and one of the principal Cities of Italy the Residence of some Emperours In 452. Attila King of the Huns took and destroyed it after a Siege of 3 Years after this being rebuilt by Narsetes it was again Burnt and Ruin'd by the Lombards in 590. and was after this rebuilt by Poponâ— Patriarch of it In antient times it was under the temporal Jurisdiction of these Patriarchs but being afterwards taken by the Dukes of Austria it remains to this day in their hands It is now almost desolate by reason of its bad Air troublesom Rubbish and Ruins and the Vicinity of Venice which draws all Trade from it This City lies between the River Isonzo to the East and Ansa to the West and is not above 9 Miles distant from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea on the North. It lies in 36. 10. Long. and 45. 45. Lat. Aquino Aquinum a very antient City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capona and heretofore a Roman Colony Almost Ruin'd and little consiberable now but for its being the Birth-place of S. Thomas Aquinas as formerly of the Poet Juvenal Aquisgrana Aquisgranum See Aix la Chapelle Aqutaine Aquatania a third Part of the antient Gaul supposed to be so call'd from the abundance of its Waters The Emperour Augustus divided it into Prima and Secunda including within both Bordeaux Agne Angoulesme Xaintes Poitiers Perigueux Bourges Clermont Rodes Albi Cahors Limoges Mende and Puy Whereunto the Emperour Adrian added a third Province by the Name of Novempopulonia See Gascoigne This Country continued in Obedience to the Roman Empire till Honorius about the Year 412. yielded part thereof to Athaulfe King of the Goths whose Successours took occasion thereupon to Usurp the whole About the Year 630. it came into the Possession of the Crown of France entirely The Gascoigners soon revoulted giving to Eudos their Leader the Title of Duke of Aquitain which brought on a War that was not ended till the powerful Reign of Charles the Great In 778. Charles the Great erected Aquitaine into a Kingdom in the Person of Lewis the Debonnaire his Son It continued a Kingdom about 100 Years and then broke into particular Fiefs and Hereditaments In 1152. it came to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine in the right of Eleanor Wife to Henry II. For its fortunes since see Gascoigne Arabia is a very large Country in Asia having on the North Syria and Diarbechia upon the East the Persian Gulph and the Streights of Basor by which it is separated from Persia on the South it has the Arabian Sea and on the West the Red Sea which cuts it off in great part from Africa The Southern and Eastern parts which are the greatest are well cultivated but the Northern is for the most part barren and sandy having but few Inhabitants or Cities by reason of the vast Desarts barren Mountains and want of Water It is all under Princes of its own except a small part of Arabia Petraea in which the Turks have some few Forts This vast Country is divided into three Parts viz. The Desart The Happy and The Stony Arabia Deserta the Desart is the least part of all the three and lies most North call'd by the Asiaticks Berii Arabistan bounded on the South by the Mountains of Arabia the Happy on the East by the Province of Iraca heretofore Chaldea upon the North by Diarvechia from which it is separated by the River Euphrates upon the West by Syria the Holy Land and Arabia the Stony Arabia Foelix the Happy is the greatest of all the three parts and lies extended to the South and East it is call'd by the Inhabitants Jemen and is encompass'd on all sides by the Sea except towards the North where it bounds upon the other two Arabia's There are in this part many Kingdoms and great Cities the Soil being fruitful and the Country not easie to be invaded by the neighbour Nations by reason of its Situation Arabia Petraea the Stony lies more West and is call'd by the Turks Dase-lik Arabistan or as others say Baraab Arabistan by the Natives it is bounded on the North by the Holy Land and part of Syria on the East by Arabia Deserta in part and by Arabia Foelix in part as also on the South and on the West it has the Red Sea and Egypt Two things have made these Countries known to all the World The wandering of the Children of Israel 40 Years in the first and the Birth of that great Deceiver Mahomet in the latter of these three Parts Aracuâ—es a People of Chili which are the most Warlike of all the Americans Arach Parthia a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Arach Petra the chief City of Arabia Petraea once the capital City of Moab and then call'd Rabath afterwards an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem being taken from the Patriarch of Alexandria it was also once call'd Cyriacopolis and Mons Regalis by some now Krach it stands upon the Confines of Palestine near the Brook Zareth and lies in 66. 45. Long. and 30. 20. Lat. Arad Caucasus is a Mountain of Asia which the Fable of Prometheus has made very well known It is that part of Mount Taurus which lies betwixt the Euxine or Black Sea on the West and the Caspian Sea on the East including the Mengrelians Coraxicos Caitachians Heniochos and the Achaeans Achaeos It is continued also amongst the Asiatick Tartars as far as to the Cimmerian Bosphorus now commonly call'd Cocas This Mountain is very high and always covered with Snow It is call'd by Hayton the Armenian Cochias by others Albsor by Niger Adazer by Circassians Salatto and by the French le mont de Circassie Aradus an Island and City of Phaenicia in the Syrian Ocean over against Tortosa sometime the Seat of a Bishop till it fell under the Tyranny of the Turks Arafat a Mountain within a League or two of Mecca in Arabia On the top of it there is a Mosque whither the Mahometan Pilgrims repair tofinish their Devotions after their performance of the Ceremonies of Mecca It is the same they say that Abraham would have Sacrificed his Son Isaac upon in Commemoration whereof before they part they kill some Sheep in the Valley of Mina below and what they present not amongst their Friends they distribute to the Poor by the name of Corban that is their Oblation Aragon See Arragon Arais Araxes See Achlar Arakil-Uanc a Celebrated Village and Monastery at the foot of Ararat in Armenia in great esteem amongst the People there who believe it to be the place where Noah after the Deluge retired to offer his Sacrifices of Thanksgiving to God for his miraculous Preservation Aran Arania is a very fruitful Vale in Aquitain â—n France which lies between
the Pyrenean Hills and the County de Bigorre of which it was a part tiil 1192. when Alphonsus King of Arragon seised on it as Peter de Marca saith and annexed it to the Kingdom of Arragon tho it lies on the French side of the Pyraenei In this Vale riseth the River Garonne one of the greatest in France and there are in it 33 Castles or Villages of which Viella is the chief Aranios Aranus a River of Transylvania arising near Clausenberg and afterwards falling into the Mash Ararat Arat by the Armenians call'd Mesesousar or the Mountain of the Ark by the Persians Agri is a part of the Caspian Mountains near Erivan in Armenia and the most renowned of all others for sustaining the Ark of Noah after the Universal Deluge It exceeds in height Caucasus and Taurus carrying its head into the temperate Region whilst some of the lower part of it is covered with continual Snow Every 5 Leagues upwards the Christians have built a little Hermitage where the curious Traveller may be refreshed They will tell you there is a Cell and ordinarily a Hermite in it upon the highest Top who lives as a Recluse for his Life But the story of Noah's Ark remaining uncorrupted and entire to this day by reason of the temperature of the Air which the said Hermite shews you I suppose is grounded upon as good an Authority Arasch a Town and Port in the Province of Asgar in the Kingdom of Fez fortified with a strong Wall and a Castle Arauco a City River and Valley in the Kingdom of Chili in America The Natives had maintain'd a War against the Spaniards above 100 Years before a Peace was made in 1650. Araxai Araxius a River of Brasil in America which falls into the Mongagombe in the Province of Pairaba Araxes See Achlar Arba or Arbee a Town in Palestine call'd in Scripture Hebron and Mamre being the Sepulture of the Patriarchs § Also an Island and City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Zara in the Adriatique Ocean upon the Coast of Dalmatia Arbela an antient City of Sicily The People thereof were stupid to a Proverb Arbelles a Town in Assyria upon the River Lycus where Alexander M. entirely defeated Darius the Third time in the 423 Year of Rome and 331 before the coming of our Saviour Arbogen or Arbo a Town upon the River of the same name in the Province of Westmania in Sweden Arbon Arborfoelix a City of Switzerland under the Bishop of Constance Arboriches the antient People of the Province of Zeland in Holland Arbois a Town in the Franche County famous for the good Wines it yields Arc or L'Arc a little River of Provence in France which passes by Aix to the Berre Arcadia Pelasgia an antient Province of Peloponesus or the Morea now call'd by the Turks Tzaconia with a City of the same name In the Year of Rome 386 the Lacedemonians gave the People of this Country a bloody Overthrow by reason their Sacrilege in Pillaging the Temple of Jupiter Olympius had contracted upon them the hatred of all Greece § Also the Name of a City heretofore famous in the Island of Crete with a Suffragan Bishops See thereto The Gulph of Arcadia is the same with Cyparissus Sinus of the antients Arcani Apsarus a River of the Mengrelians which riseth from the Mountains of Chielder in Armenia Major and running Northward falls into the Euxine Sea at Arcani a Town of Mengrelia seated upon the Sea between Trapezunt from which it is distant 150 Miles and Phazzeth a City of Mengrelia Arcas a small Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo but united to that of Cuenca by P. Lucius III. at the request of Alphonsus IX King of Castile Arce The same with Petra in Arabia Deserta Arch-Angel is a very famous Sea-Port in the North of Muscovy in the Province of Dwina upon the River Dwin which near this place is divided into two Branches making the Island of Podesmeske and then falling into the White-Sea 6 German Miles beneath this City The passage by Sea to this City was first sound out by one Richard Chandler an English-man in the Year 1554 or near that time before which the Muscovites had no Communication with these parts of the World excepting by the Baltick Sea by Narva and Poland accordingly the English were at first treated with great Kindness by the Princes of Muscovy and in the Year 1569 obtain'd from Basilovits the Emperour of Muscovy that none but the English should Trade here but since that the Dutch Danes and Swedes have had their share and Arch-Angel which when it was discover'd was a Village is now become a rich and populous City This City lies in 64d of lat Archidona a Town in Andaluzia in Spain § Also a small City of Peru in America Archipelago Archipelagus mare Aegaeum is a part of the Mediterranean Sea which lies between Greece the Lesser Asia and the Isle of Creet this Sea is stored with an innumerable Shoal of small Islands and by Allusion late Writers have for that reason given the same names to divers other Seas in the East and West-Indies as Archipel de S. Lazare des Maldives du Chiloe de Mexico c. Arcissa Arcisso the Lake of Van. See Van. Arcklow is a small Town with a County belonging to it in the Province of Leinster in Ireland seated upon the Irish Sea 31 Miles South of Dublin and deserves the rather to be mentioned because it belongs to the Noble and Loyal Family of the Dukes of Ormond who are Barons of it Arcuevil a spruce Village within a League of Paris it s proper Name is Arc-Julien which was given it by Julian the Apostate in Commemoration of the Aqueducts he made here whilst he sejour'd at Paris in the Years 357 and 360. Ardaschat Artaxata a City of Armenia upon the Confines of the Territory of Erivan where are to be seen the rests of the magnificent Palace of Tyridates call'd by the Inhabitants Tact-terdat or the Throne of Tyridate Ardagh There are Four Towns in Ireland of this Name the 1st in the County of Letrim 2d in the County of East-Meath 3d. in the County of Longford and the 4th in the County of Cork Ard bracan a small Town in the County of East-Meath in Munster in Ireland Ardea a City heretofore of Italy the capital of Rutilij and antienter than Rome Now a Village of small consideration Ardevil Ardevila a Town in the Province of Servan in the Kingdom of Persia about 20 Leagues from the Caspian Sea It is a large City but not Wall'd remarkable for its being able to shew the Sepulchres of many of the Kings of Persia and in the Year 1618 the Turks and Persians fought near this place a dreadful Battle the Persians getting the Victory with a vast loss which ended in a speedy Peace offered by the Victors and accepted by the Turks
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
Adria and Hadria a City of Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples where Hadrian the Emperour was born This is an independent Bishoprick subject to no Archbishop instituted by Innocent IV. Anno Chr. 1252. The City is built upon a high Hill within 4 Miles of the Adriatick Sea and tho it has few Inhabitants yet it has the Honor of giving the Title of a Duke to the Family of the Aquaviva's It stands 10 Leagues from Pinna to the North and 15 from Theate East it lies in 38. 18. Long. 42. 51. Lat. § There is another Town belonging to the Venetians of the same Name but almost swallowed up by the Sea Attica Cecropia a Province of the antient Achaia in Greece upon the Aegean Sea now call'd the Dutchy of Athens from its Capital City It was divided in those times first into 10 then into 13 Tribes Each Tribe assumed its denomination from some or other Hero of the Country and was made to contain a certain number of Towns and Villages amounting in the whole to 174 being then as populous a Region as Holland now It extended its Dominion almost over all the Isles of the Archipelago had Mines of Silver within its Mountains and each Tribe furnish'd 50 Persons a peice to be the Judges of the Politie at Athens Attigny Attiniacum a Town in the Province of Champagne in the Dukedom of Reimes upon the River Aisne Axona 11 Miles from Reimes to the South-East in which Chilperiâ—us King of France died Anno. Christ 72â— Lewis the Debonnaire King of France and Emperour did Pennâ—nce and made a publick Confession of his Crimes before a Council here Assembled in 822. Attleborough a Market-Town in Norfolk in the Hundred of Shropham Ava or Aba a Kingdom City and River in the Terra-firma of the Indies between the States of Siam and Arachan § Also a Province and Town of the Isle of Xicoco belonging to Japan Availle Avallensis Comitatus a Territory in Aquitaine in the Province of Limofin in France Avalon Aballo a Town in Burgundy in France upon the River Cousin betwixt Auxerre and Autuâ— with a good Castle Avalon Avalonia Aveland is an Island in Somersetshire in which Glastenbury stands It gives the Title of a Viscount to the Family of the Mordants Avanches See Wiflisbourg Avares a Barbarian People of Scythia who took part with the Huns and Ravaged the Empire on either side the Danube in the sixth Century Avaux a County in Champagne in France in the Neighbourhood of Rheims giving its Title to the House of Memes Charlemaigne defeated the Normans here in 882. Aubanne Aubanca Albinia a Town and Barony in Provence in France Aube Alba a River of France which riseth in the Borders of Bnrgundy and flowing through the Province of Champagne watereth Bar after which being encreased with some additional Rivers it falls into the Seyne Sequana at Pont sur Seyne Aubenas Albenacum a Town in the Province of Vivarets in France upon the River Ardesche Aubrac a famous Rich Hospital in the Diocese of Rodes in Aquitain in France Auburne a Market-Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Ramsbury Aubusson a Town in the Province of Auvergne in France The Ruins of the Castle here shew the Grandeur of the Family of this Name who are the Lords of the place Aude Atax a River of Languedoc in France It takes its source from the Pyranees in the County of Rosillon and falls into the Mediterranean near Narbonne Avein Aveinum a Village in Luxembourg made famous by a great Victory obtained by the French against the Spaniards anno 1635. It is scarce 2 Leagues distant from S Huberts to the North. Aveira Lavara a Town in Portugal near the Mouth of the River Vouga in the Province of Beira Aveiro Averonius a River in the Province of Rovergue in France It rises in the Territory of Sovorac passes to Rhodez St. Anthonin Bourniquet Negrepelisse and having entertain'd the streams of several Rivers in the way delivers itself into the Tarn at Pointe d'Aveiron Avella a Town and Marquisate in the Terra di Lavoro in Italy 4 Miles from Nola and 15 from Naples not considerable Avellino Abellinum a City with the Title of a Principality in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples it 's a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Avenay Avenoeum a small Town in Champagne in France 4 Leagues from Rheims near the River Marne Avenmore Dabrona the Broad Water a River in the Province of Munster in Ireland it arises near the Earldom of Desmond and running East it takes in several other Rivers and having washed the Town of Lâ—smore it falls into the Ocean at Youghal where it maketh a Haven about 20 Miles West of Waterford Haven Averno Avernus Aernus a deep Lake surrounded with Mountains and a Wood in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples near to Baja and Cuma The Vapours it sends forth are very corrupt and noxious which made the Poets represent it as one of the Mouthe of Hell Nero attempted to make a Navigable Canal from hence to the Disembogure of the Tiber but the Mountains and Soil rendred it impracticable To the West of it there is a Cave struck out of a Mountain where they formerly consulted an Oracle and it s supposed the same Cave was the Grotto of the Sibylla Cumana Averâ—a a City and a Bishops See in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Built in the Eleventh Century upon the Foundations as some believe of the antient Atella and Fortifi'd with a noble Castle It carries the Title of an Earldom too together with this Episcopal See they have united that of Atella and Cuma Avesnes Avennae a Town of Haynaut little but famous and well Fortifi'd standing upon a small River which falls into the Sambre This Town stands 4 Miles South of Maubeuge 8 from Mons. It was yielded to the French by the Pyrenean Treaty An. 1659. Avesnes le Comte a small French Town in the Province of Artois in the Borders of Picardy Augarras Indians of Brasil in America in the Province of Puerto Seguro Auge a County in Normandy Augatow Augustavia a New Town in Poland upon the River Brebetz on the Borders of Lithuania betwixt Bielsko and Grodno Avigliano Aviliana a small Town in Piedmont upon the River Duria 20 Miles from Turin to the West This River is call'd Grana in the late Maps It stands on a Hill and has a ruin'd Castle Avignon Avenio a City of Provence in France upon the Rhone it is an Archbishops See a large well built Place and very much famed for having been the usual Residence of the Popes from 1306. by the Grant of Joan Queen of Naples and Countess of Provence to Clement V. to 1378. In which time died here John II. in 1334. Benedict XII in 1341. Clement VI. in 1352. Innocent VI in 1361. and Vrbanus V. in 1370. This City is an University and had once a Stone Bridge which is now decayed
carries the honor to be advanced to a Marquisate § Likewise an Island belonging to China in the Eastern Ocean having the Province of Fuquien to the West and the Philippins to the South In Latin stiled Formosa The Hollanders did their utmost endeavors to settle in it but were expelled thence by the Chinese It s chief Towns are Toyoan Gillira Wankan c. Belle-Perche a Town in the Dukedom of Bourbonne in France upon the River Allier Belluna a City of the Marquisate of Trevigiana which is the cheif and gives name to a small Territory under the Dominion of the Commonwealth of Venice It is little but fair and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja And stands upon the River Piave which falls into the Gulph of Venice 13 Leagues from Venice to the South-East the City of Belluno lies 15 Leagues from Feltria to the South-East Belvoir Castle a noble Seat of the Earl of Rutland's in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Grantham yielding a most delightful and spacious Prospect The Astroites a Stone irradiated with Beams like a Star thought heretofore to be an infallible signal of Victoctory to him that wore one is found about this Place Belz a City of Black Russia in the Kingdom of Poland 5 Leagues from the River Bug between Lembourg and Zamosky This City is small and built all of Wood but yet it is a Palatinate and possessed at present by a Person of great Worth Beltz or Belts the Name of the Baltick Sea taken from two very narrow Streights thereof so call'd the one betwixt the Islands of Funen and Zeland the other betwixt Funen and the Terra firma of Jutland which are rarely ever passed by Vessels of great Burthen because the Sound is both a deeper Water and larger than they The March of Charles Gustavus King of Sweden with his Army over this Passage upon the Ice was certainly one of the most adventurous and memorable Actions of the War the last Age neither is there an Example like it to be found in any other Belvedore a Province in the Morea heretofore call'd Elis the Capital Place is so call'd also it lies in the Western Part over against Zant. In ancient time Pausanias saith the Silks of this Country were finer and more esteem'd than those of Judea It is a pleasant Country and has its Name from its beautiful Prospect § There is another place near Syracuse in Cicily of the same name which was called by the Ancients Euryalus As is also a part of the Popes Palace at Rome Belus a river of Phaenicia in Syria It begins its course at the Lake of Cendavia near Acra and passes a valley where the Sands that it amasses together in vast Quantities says Pliny it changes into Glass yet this is the least of those Wonders which that credulous noble Author reports of it Bemarin a Province in Florida under the command of the King of the Apalechites Indians at the foot of the Mountains where stands its Capital Town Melitot Bemyster A Market Town in Dorsetshire and the chief of its Hundred Bena a Kingdom in the Southern part of Guinea in Africa with a small City of that Name seated on the South side of the River Forcados about 20 Leagues from the Ocean in Lat. 8. d. Long. 31. 50. The People of it are call'd Sousos Benacus The antient Name of one of the greatest Lakes in Italy otherwise now call'd Lac de la garde It extends it self in Length from East to West 30 Miles in Breadth about 10. in the Territory of Verona within the States of Venice There was anciently a Town Benacus in these Quarters which gave name to it It discharges it self into the Lake of Mantua by the River Menzo and thence into the Po. Benanarim a Province in Mauritania Tingitana Benares A famous City of Indostan or the Empire of the great Mogul upon the Ganges in a very good Country It is the Vniversity of the Indies the general School for Philosophy Physick Astrology and Pagan Divinity that serves all the Gentry and all the ingenious of these Parts Here the Bramans and the Pendets that is the great Doctors of Paganisme are attended not as in Europe indeed in Colleges but in their Houses and Gardens with multitudes of Scholars that study with them many years They learn first the Divine Language call'd Hanscrit in which they say the holy Books of the Law were written that God gave to Brama their Prophet Of this Language we have an Alphabet in Kircher It is quite different from the ordinary Indian and much more ancient so that none understand it but their learned Men. Next they read an Abridgment they call Purane of the Books of their Law and so pass to Philosophy In Philosophy though they know nothing of the Learning of Greece they argue much to the same effect with Plato Aristotle Democritus and Epicurus and are divided in a manner into the same Sects as they only with more Confusion of Thought with Fables Astrology they are mightily inclin'd to had they but somemore lights into that Science Their Physick is for the most part Receipts But for Anatomy they are in no Condition to know it because they will not presume to cut up the body either of man or Beast Some years since the Doctors of this place held a famous Cabal which made the more noise upon the account that they gain'd the Son of the Great Mogul to their Opinion It seems they were fallen upon the Doctrine of an Anima mundi An universal Soul and Spirit diffused throughout the World of which the Souls of Men and Animals are as so many Portions And this is also the prevailing Opinion of the Sophies of Persia Benavari a Town of Aragon in Spain to which belongs a Castle It is seated in the Confines of Catalonia 6 Leagues distant from Balbastro to the East this place is the Capital of the County of Ribagorza a small ill Peopled place between the Rivers of Cinea and Segre Benavente a Town in the Kingdom of Portugal in the Province of Estremadura 1 League from the Tage or Tajo 4 from Scalabi and 9 from Lisbon supposed to be the antient Aritium § There is another Town of the same name in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Esta which washeth the Walls of Leon It lies in a Plain and has a Castle and is the Capital of the County of Pimentel 7 Leagues from Sentica to the North about 12 from Leon to the South and 15 from Palantia to the West perhaps this is the old Vallata Ferdinand II. King of Leon died in this Town in the Year 1118. Benda a City of Albania in Macedonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Durazzo Durrachium It now lies in Ruins under the slavery of the Turks and the Bishop resides at Mamoli yet from this place the adjacent Country is call'd Benda under which Title is included also Sermenica a small District towards Croia as I
drink altogether of the Water of the Cistern There has been formerly an University here frequented from all the parts of Africa It is the Thysdrus of the Antients The Arabians call it Cairavan And a chief Pontiff of the Mahometan Law resides in it Caisar Caesarea Magna a City of Cappadocia upon the River Haly which was made a Colony by Tibenius Claudius call'd before this Archelais 60 Miles from Iconium to the North. Till the time of Valens the Roman Emperour it was the Metropolis of Cappadocia The Great S. Basil was a Bishop here Long. 64. 40. Lat. 41. 40. Caket a Kingdom and City of Georgia in Asia towards the Mountain Caucasus Conquered by the King of Persia and Govern'd under him by a Viceroy The ruins that are to be seen in the City are suffient evidences of its former magnificence This Country is properly the antient Iberia Calabria Magna Graecia Brutii Populi This is the Name of an antient Province in the Kingdom of Naples in Italy but now applyed to another which is no part of that which had heretofore the name of Calabria The antient Calabria was bounded on the North and East by the Adriatick Sea on the South by the Salentins and on the West by Apulia Pucetia taking up that part of the Kingdom of Naples which makes now the North of the Province of Otranto The present Calabria is a very large and the most Southern Province of that Kingdom itself a Dukedom the Title of which was given to the Eldest Son of the King of Naples whilst it remained a separate Kingdom This is bounded on the North by the Basilicata on the East by the Ionian Sea on the West by the Tyrrhenian and on the South by the Sicilian Streights It s greatest length is from North to South and it is one of the four principal Provinces of the Kingdom of Naples Divided commonly into the Hither or Vpper which is the more Northern and the Further or Lower Calabria The Saracens became Masters of it about the year 827. and were expell'd in the 11th Century by the valour of the Celebrated Robert Guichard a Norman who from a Souldier of Fortune made himself Duke of Puglia and Calabria about the year 1059. being the head of a Line which soon after in the Person of Roger II. attained the Crowns of Naples and Sicily Calabria is very subject to Earthquakes There is an Historical relation of one particularly which continued more or less from 1638. to 1641. Calahorra Calaguris Clunia a City of the Old Castile in the Kingdom of Spain upon the River Ebro where it entertains the River Cidacos di Castella built upon an Hill in the limits of the Kingdom of Navarr and was first made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragon by Pope Alexander VI. in 1498. but afterwards Subjected to the Archbishop of Burgos The Bishoprick of Calzada was united to this See in 1236. It lies 23 Leagues from Bajona to the South in Long. 18. 50. Lat. 43. 26. Quintilian and Prudentius were both of this City The antient Inhabitants of it call'd Caliguritani sustain'd a Siege against Pompey with so much obstinacy as at last to kill their very Wifes and Children and salt them like Pork and Eat them for Provisions Pliny mentions two Towns of this Name Caligurris Nascica and Caligurris Fibularia the first was amongst the People of Husca the other in the Country of the Gascons as some interpret him Calais Caletum Portus Iccius a strong Town of Picardy in France at the entrance of the English Channel right over-against Dover Taken by Edward III. in 1347. after a siege of a 11 Months and lost again by Q. Mary in less than a Fortnight in 1557. till when for 210 years together we had the Keys of France at our Girdles and that Princess accordingly resented the loss dying soon after of Grief as it was thought for it saying not long before her death that if she were opened they should find Calais at her Heart Cardinal Albert took this Town from the French in 1596. but it was soon after by them recover'd according to the Peace of Vervin in 1598. The Country adjacent had heretofore the Name of Caletes The Long. is 23. 00. Lat. 51. 00. Calama Thyamus a River of Epirus it falls into the Ionian Sea over against the Island of Ericusa now Alicur between Corfu to the North and Cefalonia to the South Calama or Calamata an inland City of Africa between Hippo to the East and Cirta to the West Often mentioned in the Writings of S. Austin It was formerly an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Carthage Calamata Thuria a Fort and an unwalled but well Peopled Town on the South of the Morea in the Province of Belvedore opposite to Coron from whence it is distant 40 English Miles by Sea This Castle or Fort was taken by surprize in 1659. and deserted but retaken in 1685. and is now Garrisoned by the Venetians § Another in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa near the River Major Calamianes an Island of the East-Indies which lies between Borneo and the Philippine Islands and is subject to a Prince of its own Calarauega or Calaroga a small Town in Old Castile in Spain where S. Dominique de Guzman the founder of the Order of the Preachers was born Calatagirone an inconsiderable small Town in the Island of Sicily amongst the Mountains built upon the ruins of the antient Calata some speak of another of this Name in the same Island Calataâ—ud a Town of Aragon in Spain Built as is supposed by an Arab who left his own Name to it In Latin called Bilbilis Nova from its situation near the ruins of the antient Bilbilis between Saragossa and Medina Caeli It stands in a Plain but at the foot of a high Mountain upon the River Zalon which there receives the River Baubula A large and handsom Town in a fruitful Country with a Castle to command and defend it Calatrava Oretum a City of New Castile in Spain upon the River Guadiana 15 Leagues South of Toledo Taken from the Moors by Sanctius III. in 1158. who granting it to the Templars they distrusting the strength of the place resigned it up again to him Whereupon two Cistercian Monks undertook to fortifie it as they did in a short time and upon a new Grant of it to their Order they Instituted the Order of the Knights of Calatrava for the defence of it which was confirm'd by Pope Alexander III. This Order of Knights was begun in 1185. under Alphonsus the Noble at first they had Masters of their Order but in 1489 that Dignity was annexed to the Crown Paul III. granted them leave to Marry once The Order hath 24 Mannors in Spain belonging to it Their Habit was at first the same with that of the Cistercians till Pope Benedict XIII dispensed with it Calavar a Village of the Province of Balagate which is the last Province and Town the Mogul has
first to appear to the Blessed Virgin after his Resurrection called the Chappel of the Apparition the Rock out of which his Sepulchre was hewn and the Tomb itself illuminated with 62 Lamps that burn continually Here are the Tombs of Godfrey of Bouillon the first King of Jerusalem and Baldwin I. his Brother who succeeded him in that Crown Calvi Cales a small City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples 6 Miles North of Capoua which tho it has not much above 20 Houses is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capoua It withstood a Siege against the French and Turks in 1555. the Antients called it Cales § a Town in the Island of Corsica with a Port and a considerable Fortress to the Gulph of the same name under the Genouese Calydon an antient City of Aetolia in Greece sometime adorned with an Episcopal See and the Title of the Capital of the Country giving Name to a Forest therein § Also the antient Appellation of a part of Scotland towards the County of Perth in which Dunkeld stands see Dunkeld The same continuing to the Northern Sea to this Day Calydoni a little Castle in the Vicentine in Italy whence a Noble Family of Vicenza derives their Name Calzada Calciata a small City in old Castile in Spain once a Bishops See which is now removed to Calahorra from whence it lies 12 Spanish Leagues to the West It is sometimes called S. Domingo de la Calzada from the great Devotion of People to S. Dominick there Henry II. King of Castile dyed here in the year 1379. Calzan Calzun the Arabian Gulph Camala Emisa See Hama Camarina an antient Town of the Island of Sicily built in the year of Rome 150. according to Eusebius and long since ruined leaving only its name to a River in the same Island It s situation near the purulent Lake of Camerina obliging the Inhabitants to drain that Lake up whereby the Enemy obtained a Passage to take the Town occasioned the known Proverb Camarinam movere Camb or Kamp Cambus a River of the Upper Austria in Germany springing towards the Frontiers of Bohemia and ending in the Danube Cambaia the Capital of the Kingdom of Guzurat and a noble Port lying in a very great Bay of the same Name now subject to the great Mogul the City lies in Long 105. Lat. 22. 30. and is one of the greatest the richest the best traded Cities in the East-Indies seated in a fruitful Soil and full of People commonly called the Cairo of the Indies whence the Kingdom of Guzerate is often named the Kingdom of Cambaia It is walled with a fair Wall of Free-stone hath very large Houses straight and broad Streets greater than Surat being ten Leagues in compass and hath 3 Basars or Market places and 4 noble Tanks or Cisterns able to find the Inhabitants Water all the year tho there is 7 fathom Water in the Haven at high water yet at low water the Ships lie dry in the Sand and Mud which cover the bottom of it The Inhabitants are partly Heathens partly Mahometans And in 1638. the English had here a Factory as Mandelslo acquaints us from whom the latter part of this Description is taken Cambala a City in China See Peking some represent it to be 24 Italian Miles in compass Cambalu is the Mascovian and Saracen Name for it Peking the Indian Cambaya Camboya or Camboge a Kingdom in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Borneo bounded on the West with the Kingdom of Siam and on the East with that of Cochin It is Tributary to the King of Siam This Kingdom is almost equally divided by a vast River which in July and August overflows all the Country as the Nile doth Egypt The King of it is a great Friend to the Portuguese as he of Siam is to the Dutch Upon the most Eastern Branch for there are 3 of the River mentioned before stands Cambodia the principal City built upon a rising Ground to prevent the yearly Deluges This Kingdom is extream fruitful but not potent the King not being able to bring above 25 or 30000 Men into the Field first discoverd by Alphonso d'Albuquerque in 1511. as Mandelslo saith Cambodia lies in Long. 135. 00. Lat. 10 35. Cambray Cameracum called by the Flandrians Camerick a City of Hainault upon the Schold Guicciardin saith it is a great fair strong City and has a strong Castle built by Charles V. That it abounds in excellent publick Buildings especially the Cathedral is very great and beautiful that it is populous and rich and was a very antient Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rhemes but in 1559. exempted by Pope Paul IV. and erected into an Archbishoprick The first place the French possessed themselves of after they came out of Germany in 1445. After this it became an Imperial City and continued so till Charles V. in 1543. built a Cittadel in it and annexed it to his own Dominions The French who all along pretended a Right to it at last in 1677. took it by force after a sharp defence The Archbishops are honored with the style of Dukes of Cambray Earls of Cambresis and Princes of the Empire Cambresis is a considerable Territory betwixt Picardy Flanders Artois and Hainault extreamly fruitful and adorned with a Castle of its own Name in which Henry II. of France and the King of Spain Celebrated that Treaty of Peace in 1559. which the French say was most disadvantageous to them It lies 4 Leagues from Doway South in Long. 26. 06. Lat. 49 45. Cambria the antient Name of the Principality of Wales more especially of the Western part thereof towards Ireland Cambridgeshire hath on the East Suffolk and Norfolk on the West Huntington and Bedford on the South Hartford and on the North Lincolnshire the River Ouse divides it almost in the midst Towards the South end of the County lies the Town which gives it its Name Mr. Camden saith it is called Camboritum being seated upon the East Bank of the River Cam which is here passed by a Bridge This is one of the antientest and noblest Universities in Christendom having 16 Colleges and Halls endowed or Nurseries in it of Piety and Learning the most antient of which is Peter House founded in 1257. by Hugh Balsham a Sub-Prior before which time there was only Hostels wherein the Scholars maintained themselves This place sends 4 Burgesses to the Parliament 2 for the Town and 2 for the University It has been dignified with the Title of an Earldom in several eminent Persons and lately of a Dukedom in 4 Sons of King James II. when Duke of York who all dyed very young Long. 21. 49. Lat. 52. 30. § The English have given the Name of Cambridge to a Town in New England also situated upon the River Merrimick and beautified with several fair Streets besides 2 Colleges in which they aim at the Figure of an University Camelford a Market-Town in the County of Cornwal in
having been excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII rendred himself to the Pope's Discretion and thereupon received Absolution in the Year 1077. § This is also the name of a County in the Modenese in Italy near Parmesan Canstat a small City in the Dukedom of Wirtemburg upon the River Necker within one Mile of Stuttgard and five of Pfortzhaim to the East Cantabri an antient Valiant People of Spain being those properly of the Provinces of Guipuscoa and Biscay who withstood Augustus in several Rencounters and at last kill'd themselves rather than to submit to Servitude Canterbury Cantuaria Darvernum Dorovernia is the principal City in the County of Kent very antient and without doubt saith Mr. Camden famous in the times of the Roman Empire It stands on the Eastern Shoar of the River Stour called by the British â—uvwhern from whence it had its antient Names Being the Royal Seat of the Kings of Kent when Augustine the Monk came over to convert them it by that Means became the Metropolitan See of England The Bodies of eight Kings lye interr'd in the Cathedral as likewise the Body of Thomas Beckeâ— the famous Roman-Catholick Saint once Archbishop of this See There has been several Provincial Councils celebrated here The Coronation of King John and Queen Isabel his Wife the Marriages of Henry II. and Edward I. were all performed here Augustine the first Archbishop was consecrated in 568. Dr. William Sancroft the LXXVII in this Succession was consecrated Jan 27. 1677. It lies in Long. 24. 51. Lat. 51. 16. Two Burgesses are elected for the Parliament by the Corporation Canton a Province and City in the East of China suppos'd to be the Cattigara of Ptolemy which tho the least of their Metropolitan Cities is yet beautified with many triumphant Arches large Streets and goodly Bridges over a Navigable River running on the South side of it also fortified with deep Ditches eight Bulwarks and seated in a rich and plentiful Soil The Portugals drive here saith Dr. Heylin a wealthy Trade being permitted in the day time to come into the City but at night excluded and forced to find Lodgings in the Suburbs This City lies in Alvares Samodo's Map about Long. 125. and about 26. Lat. According to others in Long. 170.00 Lat. 24.00 See Quancheu The Switz Cantons See Switzerland Capace or Capaccio Caput Aqueum a City of the Principatus Citerior in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Salerno in the place of Pesti which was ruined by Frederick the Emperor in 1249. though since rebuilt again This City lies 22 Miles from Salerno to the South in Long. 38 52. Lat. 40. 28. Caparra Capara a City of Extremadura in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain which stands in the middle between Emerita now Merida and Placentia Cap-D-Aguer the same with Santa Cruz in Africa Capelan a Mountain in the Kingdom of Pegu beyond the Gulph of Bengala in the East-Indies A Quarry of Precious Stones of divers Colours is found within it La Capelle a Fortress in the Territory of Tierache within the Province of Picardy towards the Frontiers of Hainault built in the last Age to oppose the Incursions of the Low-Countries about a League from the River Oyse It has been many times taken and retaken Capernaum or Capharnaum the Metropolitan City heretofore of Galilee in the Tribe of Naphtali towards the Borders of Zabulon near the Mouth of Jordan and upon the Coast of the Sea of Tiberias where our Saviour first began to preach S. Matthew was a Publican here when called to be an Apostle Since Solyman reduc'd this City into Ashes it has only been inhabited by a few Moors who ask Money of the Pilgrims that goe to visit the holy Places Capes a River of the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa springing from Mount Atlas and discharging it self into the Mediterranean near a Town call'd Capes where it makes a Gulph of the same Name Caphareus a famous Promontory on the East point of the Isle of Negropont otherwise now call'd Capo del oro and Capo Figera very dangerous to navigate The Grecian Navy seduc'd by Nâ—uplâ—â—s King of Eubaea by a false Light in revenge of the Death of his Son Palimedes by Vlysses being all said to have been shipwrack'd upon these Rocks Capitanata a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which in the more antient times was call'd Apulia Daunia bounded on the North and East with the Adriatick Sea on the West with the County of Molise and on the South with the Principatus Vlterior the Basilicata and the Bariano a very fruitful well watered Country the chief City is Manfredonia The Capitol Capitolium a famous Fortress of Old Rome founded by Tarquinius Prisous in the year of Rome 139. Perfected by Tarquinius Superbus in the year 221. Burnt in the Reign of Vitellius Rebuilt by Vespasian Burnt again by Lightning under Titus and reedified with very great pomp by Domitian who constituted a Quinquennial Celebration of Games which became an Aera by the Name of Agones Capitolini after the manner of the Olympiads Jupiter had a Temple here in his honour whence they denominated him Capitolinus In this place the Christians have built a Church call'd Ara Caeli dedicated to the B. Virgin Mary Capo D' Istria Caput Istriae Aegida the capital City of the Province of Histria in Italy See Cabo d'Istria Capo Cabo cap Cape de Aden Ammonium a Promontory in Arabia Foelix next to Africa in Long. 76. 30. de Alguer Atlantis in Mauritania Tingittana de Bona Speranza of Good Hope Is a famous Promontory upon the most Southern Part of Africa first discovered by Bartholomew Diaz a Portuguese in 1487. in 32 of Southern Lat. 50 of Long. It had this name given it by Emanuel then King of Portugal because he hoped by the doubling it a passage would be open by Sea to the East-Indies as it came to pass to the great enriching of his Kingdom The Hollanders near this Cape have a settlement of about 100 Houses with a strong Fort. The Natives are divided into several distinct Nations of Cornwall or the Lands End the most Western Point of England di Corso a Promontory in Corsica di Faro Pelorum the most Northern Cape of Sicily of Farewel in Greenland di Formoso in Guinea de Sierra Liona Hesperium Cornu supposed to be the most Western Point of Africa known to the Antients 70 Spanish Leagues beyond the most Southern Mouth of the River Niger de Verde the most Western Point of Africa in the Division of Nigritia South to the Mouth of the River Senega in 14 deg of Lat. There is an innumerable number of other Capes which the Brevity of this Work will not admit The Islands of Capo de Verde are a knot of small Islands by some taken for the Hesperides by some for the Gorgades of the Antients lying demicircularly with the Points to the Sea 150 Leagues off of Cape Verde under the Portuguese but
there Cardaillac a Town and very antient Barony in the County of Quercy in France near Figeac upon the Borders of Auvergne Adanced afterwards to the honour of a Marquisate Cardiff a fine Town in the County of Glamorgan in Wales upon the South Side of the River Taf 2 Miles from the Sea to which belongs a very commodious Haven This Town was fortified with a Wall and a Castle by one Fitz-Haimon a great Man in these parts Here Robert eldest Son to William the Conquerour died after a long Imprisonment It returns one Burgess to the Parliament The Earl of Pembrook has a Seat here Cardiganshire or Caerdiganshire is a County in Wales lying along the Coast of the Irish Sea and taking its Name from Cardigan the Capital of it which returns one Burgess to the English Parliament A Town pleasantly situated within 2 Miles of the River Tivy which divides the County from Caermarthenshire and Pembrokeshire on the South as the Rivers Torvi and Dovi divide it from Merionethshire and Brecknockshire to the East The Tivy is well stored with Salmon Cardona a Castle in Catalonia in Spain built upon a River called the Cardoner where there are several Mines of Salt and which gives the Title of a Duke to the Family de Folch It stands 3 Leagues from Solsona to the South Carelia or Karelen a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland extended upon the Gulph of Finland Heretofore in part under the Muscovites but now entirely under the Swedes Vibourg is the capital City of it Caremboule a Country on the South of the Island of Madagascar lying betwixt the Divisions of the Ampatres and the Mahafales It is very good Pasturage Carencia a Town of the antient Rugij upon the Coast of the Baltick Sea in Pomerania Heretofore notorious for Three Temples dedicated to Three of the most monstrous and horrible Idols that ever were invented amongst the Heathens Carentan a Town of Normandy upon a River of the same Name 3 Leagues from the British Sea and 4 from Constance to the North which has a very strong Castle It gives the Title of a Viscount And was both taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of that Kingdom Carfagniana Carferoniana Grafiniana a Valley in the States of the Duke of Florence in Italy amongst the Apennine Mountains betwixt the States of Lucca Regio and Modena Cargapol a City of Russia upon the River Onega or Poroga almost 200 Russian Miles from Archangel to the South-West This City gives name to a Province on the White Sea Caridia a small Town and Gulph in the Province of Romania in the Morea about 10 Leagues from Gallipoli upon the Archipelago Heretofore a more considerable place and known to the Antients under the Name Cardiopolis Caria See Aidinelli It may be remembred that a Council of 34 Bishops assembled in this Province in the year 366. rejected the Doctrine of the Consubstantiality of Christ with the Father to approve of the Confessions of Faith made at the Councils of Antioch and Seleucia § Also an antient City of the Morea whose Inhabitants uniting with the Persians in a War once against Greece rendred themselves so odious to their Country that their City was rased their Men put to the Sword and their Women treated with all manner of ignominy Cary Incarus a small Port in Provence in France 3 Miles from Marseille to the West famous for nothing but its Antiquity Cariati Cariatum a City of Calabria Citerior in the Kingdom of Naples upon the Gulph of Tarento which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Santa Saâ—erina from which it lies 20 Miles from the North in Long. 41. 36. Lat. 39. 30. It is small yet gives the Title of a Principality to the Family di Spinella Caribes or the Cariby Islands are a knot of small Islands whose numbers are not certainly known they lie extended like a Bow from the Coast of Paria in America to the Isle of Rico Porto Carignan a Principality and City in Piedmont situated upon the Po which is here covered with a good Bridge betwixt Turin and Carmagnole In a fruitful Soil and defended with a Castle Carin Cyrrhus a City of Syria which had its antient Name from Cyrus the Founder of it first a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Hierapolis afterwards a Metropolis under the Patriarch of Antioch seated upon the River Marsyas now Quars which falls into the Euphrates at Samosat 45 Miles from Zeugma to the North-East and as many from the Euphrates to the West and 25 from Aleppo to the North. Long. 70. 10. Lat. 36. 00. Carinola Calenum a small City in the Province di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua but the City is almost desolate by reason of the unhealthfulness of its situation It stands at the foot of Mount Massico 4 Miles from the Shoars of the Tyrrheman Sea and 25 North of Naples giving the Title of an Earldom Carinthia called by the Germans Karnten a Province of Germany bounded on the East by Stiermark and the River Lavand on the West with Saltzburg and the River Saltzach on the North with Austria and on the South with Carniola and the River Dravus The antient Inhabitants of this Country were the first in Germany that embraced the Christian Religion It is subject to the Dukes of Austria and being seated in the Alpes is generally barren and mountainous It lies along the Dravus an 100 english Miles and is 47 in breadth Advanced to the honour of a Dutchy It s capital Town is Claghenfutt Carizath a Province of Asia called antiently Hyrcania Carlisse Carleolum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of York seated upon the Rivers Eden Poteril and Caud in the County of Cumberland besides which it is defended by a good strong Stone Wall and on the West side by a large Castle and on the East a Cittadel built by Henry VIII A considerable place in the times of the Romans William Rufus finding it ruined by the Danes rebuilt the Castle and placed a Colony here which in after times became one of the principal Bulwarks against the Scots June 28. 1645 it was yieided to the invading People by Sir Thomas Glemham upon honorrable Terms In 1648. retaken for the King by Sir Philip Musgrave who kept it not long the Rebels over-powering all Long. 21. 31. Lat. 54. 55. Henry I. made it an Episcopal See In the year 1661. King Charles II. dignified this City with the Title of an Earldom in the Person of Charles Howard whose Son Edward enjoys the same at this day It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Carlingford a Sea-Port in the County of Louth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland about 30 English Miles East of Armagh and 5 North of Dundalk Carlsbourg Caroloburgum a small Town in the lower Circle of Saxony upon the Weser in the Dutchy of Bremen built by the Swedes who at the same time gave it
Cebarsussi a Town near Carthage in Africa where the Donatist Bishops in 394. held a Council and deposed Primianus Bishop of Carthage Cedar or Kedar the Hebrew name of Arabia Deserta taken from Kedar the Son of Ismael Gen. 25. 13. Cedes a great and strong Town heretofore of Judea in the Tribe of Napthali in Galilee 4 Miles from Cephet and Capernaum given by Joshua after he had killed the King thereof to the Priests and Levites It had an Asylum in it for such as committed accidental Murder that is in the Phrase of the English Law chance Medley pursuant to the Laws of Moses provided in that behalf Cedogna Laquedoniae an Episcopal City of the Further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples suffragan to the Archbishop of Conza believed by some to be the Aquilenia of Livy Cedron or Kedron a small Brook in the midst of the Valley of Jehosaphat in the Holy land near Jerusalem passed by our Saviour a little before his Death John 18. 1. and frequently in Scripture mentioned upon other Occasions Cefalu or Cifalu Cephalaedis a fair City with a good Port and a Castle in the Island of Sicily being a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Messina upon a Cape whence some conjecture that its name is derived from the Greek Word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It stands near Termini Celena the Capital City formerly of all Phrygia which being once repeopled by Antiochus Soter he caused it to be called Apamea See Haman Celtae the antient Greek Authors give this name indifferently to the Gauls and the Germans as some do to the Spaniards upon the account of the Alliances of the Celtae with the Iberi See Celtiberi But it more particularly understands the Original Gauls whose Empire in a part of Gallia from them called Celtica the Boundaries whereof you see described under the Word Gallia flourished in the time of Tarquinius Priscus when Segovesus and Bellovesus Sons or Nephews to Ambigatus King of the Celtae conducted those 2 Colonies into Italy and Germany we mentioned speaking of the Province of Berry whereof these People were the antient Inhabitants Celtiberi a mixt People as the name itself imports of the Celtae aforesaid and the Iberi or the antient Spaniards of Arragon and Castile Recorded in History with great Honor for their Courage and Fidelity Florus calls them the Force of Spain The Celtae passing out of Gallia into Spain and there alliancing themselves with the Natives was the Occasion of this Denomination Cemele an antient City near Nice in Provence amongst the Maritime Alpes of great Esteem heretofore with the Romans and yet showing the Ruins of an Amphitheatre a Temple of Apollo Inscriptions Tombs and Canals which were the Works of their curious Hands Since Christianity it became a Bishop's See and bore the Honor thereof till either the Goths and Vandals in the sixth or the Saracens in the seventh and eighth Centuries ruined it so that the See was translated to Nice Cenchrea the Port over against Corinth in the Peloponesus or Morea Ceneda Ceneta a small but well peopled City and a Bishop's See in the Marca Trivigliana seated at the Foot of the Mountains about 13 Miles South from Belluno and 15 from Trevigi North-East The Bishop is Sovereign of the City but a Suffragan of the Patriarch of Aquileia Cenis or Mont-Cenis Alpes Cottiae the Name of that famous Passage over the Alpes which parts Savoy from Piedmont Centobrica an antient City of the Celtiberi in Spain which when besieged by the Romans under Metellus placed the little Infants of Rethogenes who had run over to Metellus in the Breach where the Besiegers played their Battery And though the Breach was of that Largeness as to render the Conquest of the Town indubitable and Rethogenes himself offered his Family to be a Sacrifice to Metellus's Glory Yet rather than so Generous a Father should see the Massacre of his own Children Metellus raised the Siege And the Town ravished with his Humanity and Clemency therein voluntarily afterwards opened the Gates to him Val. Max. Centum Celles an antient Town of the Province of Toscana in Italy in which Pope Cornelius during the Persecution of Gallus was confined and put to divers Torments It is mentioned by Pliny and Procopius Leander Alberti calls it Ferolle or Forcelle Others believe it is the same with that which we now call Civita Vecchia Ceperano or Ciperano a Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon the River Garigliano P. Paschal II. held a Council here in 1114. in which William Guichard Grandson to Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman that drove the Saracens out of Italy was created Duke of Apulia and Calabria Cephalonia Cephalenia call'd by the Italians Cefalonia is an Island of the Ionian Sea just opposite to the Mouth of the Gulph of Lepanto The Inhabitants are of the Greek Church but with the Island which is not above 90 Miles in Compass subject to the Venetians It is fruitful in Wines excellent Oil and in those Grapes whereof Currans are made The Town wherein the Proveditor or Governor resides is Argostoli a small Place with a tolerable good Port on the East side of the Island There is no other Town of any Note there but only the Villages of Liscuri Finea Erisso Pillaro Samo and Lucato after whose Names together with Argostoli the whole Island is divided into seven Parts that are accordingly so notified In the twelfth Century a Bishoprick was founded here to which the Church of the Isle of Zante is annexed In 1224. the Venetians received this Island by a Donation from Gaio the Lord of it at that time In 1479. the Turks took it In 1499. the Venetians retook it and repeopled it and have since secured it with a strong Fortress called Asso that stands upon a high Rock surrounded with the Sea excepting the Reserve only of a Point of Land about 20 Paces broad to join the Castle and the Island The Proveditor's Commission is made to continue 32 Months The Antiens call'd this no less than that other Island in the Archipelago Samos Cephisus a River of Phocis in Achaia first springing up in the antient Country of Doris there and passing by the Mountain of Parnassus it continues its Course through Boeotia where it receives the Rivers Asopus and Ismene Then traversing the Lake Copae now known by the Name of Lago Stivo it falls into the Euripus or the Streights of Negropont And with a little Variation from Cephisus is now called Cefisso The Oracle of Themis said to be consulted by Deucalion and Pyrrha stood upon the Banks thereof § Some other Rivers of this Name in Greece are remembred by antient Authors as likewise a Fountain at Apollonia mentioned by Strabo and Ptolemy Cepuz Cepusiensis Comitatus a small County in the most Northern part of the Upper Hungary towards the Carpathian Hills and the Confines of Poland the greatest part of which is under the Crown of Poland though the
honour in former times to be first an Episcopal See under Rhodes and afterwards an Archiepiscopal one Now inhabited by Turks Jews Latin and Greek Christians with the free exercise of their respective Religions It enjoys the advantage of a good Port and Castle to enrich and desend it and they reckon about fifteen Villages in the Island besides Chioza Clodia Fossa Chioggia a small City which is a Bishops See in a small Island of the Adriatick about fifteen Miles from Venice South made famous by the Valour of the Genoese who in 1380. took it but it returned under the Dominion of the Venetians again The Bishop is a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Venice Chiorlick a Town in Romandiola near to which Bajazet defeated his Son Selim who was then in Rebellion against him Chippenham a Market Town in Wiltshire The Capital of the Hundred upon the River Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Chipping-Norton a Market Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Chadlington Chipping-Ongar a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Ongar Chisary the only Town of Turcomania the ancient Seat of the Turks in Asia seated upon the River Euphrates near its Head or Spring forty five German Miles West of Testis Chiton a Province of the Empire of the Great Mogul in the Terra firma of the Indies betwixt the Provinces of Malva and Guzurate having a City of its own Name for the Capital in which you see the Remains of divers Magnificent Pagods or Pagan Temples together with a Castle which serves for a Prison of State Chnin or Knin The same with Clin. Chobar see Chaibar Chocolococa or Castro Virreyna as the Spaniards call it a Town in the Kingdom of Peru sixty Leagues from Lima to the South and two from the Silver Mines of a Mountain that is perpetually covered with Snow The Silver is fine but the Veins not being very full of it they pay no more than the Tenths to the King of Spain Chogaco a Castle in the Lower Hungary surrendred to the Imperialists Octob. 18. 1687. Chogan a Town in the Province of Xansi in China near the River Fy remarkable for a Flying Bridge as the Chinese call it because it is elevated fifty Perches high in the Air which communicates a passage betwixt two Mountains on each side the River at the distance of forty Perches from one another yet consists but of a single Arch. Cholm-Kill Insula Sancti Columbani Rana an Island in the West of Scotland famous for a Monastery there built by Columbanus the Apostle of the Scotch Nation it lies opposite to Knapdale thirteen Miles North of Yea and about fifty from New-Castle in Ireland This is one of the five Islands called Hebudes or Hebrides The ancient City Sodore stands in it Chonad Canadum Genadum a City in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Merish which falls into the Tibiscus at Segedin about three German Miles East of Segedin This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Capital of the County of Chonad which lies between the Rivers of Merish and Temez Chorasan See Corasan Chotezim Chotimia See Cotzchin Christ-Church A Market Town in Hampshire situated betwixt the Rivers Avon and Stower at their fall into the Sea It is the Capital of its Hundred and has the Privilege of Electing two Burgesses for the Parliament Christianstad Christianopolis a Town of Denmark in the Confines of Sweden adorned by Christian IV. King of Denmark It lies in the County of Bleckling taken by the Swedes and burnt in 1611. which was the occasion of rebuilding it There is a good Port to the Baltick Sea there Christina a Town in New Sweden in the Northern America built by the Swedes in the year 1640. and so called from Christina their Queen of famous Memory The Dutch and English have since taken it from the Swedes and the latter again from former Chthonia a very ancient Name of the Island of Crete Chucheu a great City and Territory extending its Jurisdiction over nine other Cities in the Province of Chekiang in China set about with Mountains but the Valleys thereof are fruitful enough Chunking the Capital City of the Territory of this Name in the Province of Suchuen in China having nineteen old Cities under its Command It is one of the most Magnificent Places in China Chudleigh a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Exmister The Lord Clifford has a Noble Seat here to whom it gives the Title of a Baron Chulmleigh a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Witheridge Church-Stretton a Market Town in the County of Salop in the Hundred of Munslow Churnet a River of Staffordshire Chusistan Susiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia bounded by the Gulph of Balsera to the South the Provinces of Eatz to the East and Hyrach West The Capital City Sauster whence some of the Moderns call the Province Schouster Chuâ—ei a People of the ancient Province called Chuta in Persia who being transplanted to Samaria whence afterwards called Samaritans and there adoring the Idols that they brought with them of the Gentile invention were infested with Lions out of the Desart till they gat a Jewish Priest to instruct them in the manner of the God of the Land And then they served their Idols and the God of Israel together This transplantation happened upon the carrying away of the Jews Captives to Assyria 2 Kings 17. The men of Cuth v. 30. meaning these Chutes Cibola or Civola a Province of the Southern America the same with what the Spaniards call New Granada from a City of that Name of their building Cicones an ancient People of Thrace near the River Hebrus Ovid mentions them upon the occasion of a River in their Country that would petrisie the Bowels of such as drunk of it Flumen habent Cicones quod potum Saxea reddit Viscera quod tactis inducit marmora rebus Cicules or Zeckels a People in the North of Transylvania towards the Confines of Poland thought to be a remainder of the Huns under another Name or else derived from Tartary In Religion they are generally Calvinists or Socinians They possess seven several quarters thereabouts whereof the Capital Town is Neumark Cilicia a Province of Asia the Less lying along the Coast of the Mediterranean with Cappadocia and a part of Armenia to the North. Now contained in the Province of Caraman and sometimes called Finichia Tharsus Pompeiopolis Lajazzo are the principal Cities of it Cillei Cilleja Celia a Town in Stiria upon the River Saana which soon after falls into the Drave The Capital of a County of the same Name about five Miles from the Borders of Carniola Northward Cimbri the Origine of this ancient People lies under dispute as whether descended from the Scythians or the Saxons or the Danes or whether the same with the Cimmerii Cluverius supposes that they did anciently possess the Cimbrica Chersonesus It is certain that about the year of
Stanley was created Earl of Darby in 1486. by Henry VII in the first Year of his Reign The present VVilliam Stanley who is the ninth Earl of this Family and the fourth of England succeeded Charles his Father in 1672. A Title heretofore enjoyed first by the Earls of Ferrers and Darby and afterwards by several Princes of the Royal Family Darda a strong Fort at the North end of the Bridge of Esseck built by the Turks in 1686. and taken by the Germans when they burnt the Bridge Retaken by the Duke of Lorrain in 1687. and designed to be fortified but soon after deserted rather that the Turks might have a free Passage to their ruin as came to pass Aug. 12. 1687. when they received the greatest Overthrow near this Place which has befallen them in this last Century See Mohatz The Dardanelles Dardanium Dardania are two Castles built by Mahomet II. The one in Europe where anciently stood Cestos the other in Asia in the place of Abidos upon the streightest part of the Helespont They stand two hundred Miles South of Constantinople as being the Keys of that City The famous Monsieur Thevenot who saw them in 1655. thus describes them as he is translated That which is in Romania on the Side of Europe is built in a triangular Form at the Foot of an Hill which commands and covers it where there is a little Town This Castle hath three Towers covered with Lead whereof two are towards the Land and the third which is the biggest upon the Harbor It hath said he as I could discern with a Perspective-Glass about twenty Port-holes level with the Water in which besides what I could observe by my Glasses I was assured that a Man might easily creep into some of the Guns they were of such a prodigious Bore The other on the Asia Side is in a Plain and seemed to me to be almost square It hath three Towers on each Side and a Dungeon or Platform in the Middle but not so many Port-holes as the other These Castles are of no Strength to Landward being only designed against Ships as Mr. Sandys and all observe but they were kept by strong Garrisons This Place is famous for the Loves of Hero and Leander the Passage of Xerxes by a Bridge of Boats the Passage of the Turks a little above these Castles and of later times for three Naval Victories obtained here by the Venetians in 1655 1656 and 1657. Since that the Turks have built two other Castles which bear just upon the entrance of the Hellespont about three Miles more South than the old Dardanelles That on Asia Side lieth not above two Miles from Troas upon a flat Ground That on Europe on the side of a Hill with round Towers and several Ascents after the old Fashion as Mr. VVheeler observes which he saith were built since Mr. Sandys's time and in all probability since 1655. upon the Occasion of those Venetian Victories The Turks call Lepanto and Patras at the entrance of the Bay or Gulph of Lepanto the Dardanelles by way of Allusion There are two other such Castles call'd the Dardanelles of the Gulph of Larta in Epirus eighty English Miles North-West from Lepanto Dardania the ancient Name of a Country in the upper Maesia which became afterwards a part of Dacia and now makes properly the South Quarter of the Province of Servia wherein Nizza and Vscopia stand § Also an ancient Town and Province of Troas in Asia the Less mentioned by Mela Pliny c. Darha a Country City and River in the Division of Biledulgeridia in Africa The River is subject to an annual Inundation which beginning in April if a great one makes a fruitful Year Towards this River stands the City Darha in Darha properly so called which is one of the three Parts this Country is divided into the others being Itata and the Kingdom of Teslete This Country lies between the Kingdom of Morocco Tesset and Segellomessa under the Obedience of the King of Teslete who is a Tributary to the Emperor of Morocco It abounds particularly with excellent Palm-Trees Daria an ancient Episcopal City of Mesopotamia fifteen Miles from Nisibin It has also been called Anastasiopolis and Anastasia from its Founder the Emperor Anastasius Darien a City upon the Gulph of Vrraba with a great River in the Province of Terra Firma in the South America The See of this City has been transferred thence to Panama being not so considerable a Place as formerly The River is otherwise called the River of S. John and El Rio Darien Darking a Market-Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon a Branch of the River Mole which at a Place called the Swallow by the Foot of a Hill here falls under Ground and rises again the Distance of a Mile thence near Norbury Darlington a Market-Town in the Bishoprick of Durham the Capital of its Wapentake with a fair Bridge over the River Skerne where there runs another small Rivulet into it Darmstad Darmstadium a Town and Landgravate in the County of Gerawer in Franconia upon the River Darmstad which has a fine Castle where the Landgrave of Gerawer or Darmstad resides It stands two Miles from the Rhine and three from Francfort on the Mayn towards the South And belongs to a Branch of the House of the Landgraves of Hesse thence entituled the Princes of Hesse-Darmstad Daroca a Town in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain upon the River Xiloca four or five Leagues from Calatajud and about ten from Saragossa Dartford a large Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent not far from the Influx thereof into the Thames The Rebellion of John Tyler alias Jack Straw in the Reign of Richard II. in 1381. began here Darwent a River in Darbyshire another in Cumberland and a third in Yorkshire Sir Francis Ratcliff of Dilston in the County of Cumberland was made Earl of Darwent-VVater by K. James II. August 24. 1687. Baron of Tindale and Viscount Ratcliff and Langley See Derwent Daventry a Market and great Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Fauseley upon a Rivulet that falls into the Nen. Daulia Daulis an ancient City of Phocis in Achaia not far from Delphi to the South It has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Athens now ruined § A second in Macedonia whose modern Name is Eladasagni Dauphine Allobroges Delphinatus a great Province in the South-East part of France bounded on the East by Piedmont on the North by Savoy and La Bresse from which it is separated by the River Rhosne on the West by Lion and Vivarais from which the same River divides it and on the South by Provence It had heretofore Princes of its own called the Daulphines but Humbartus II. their last Prince in 1343. gave this Principality to Philip de Valois King of France upon Condition that the eldest Son of the King of France should bear this Title which has been ever since
those who love them too well to part with them It surrendred it self to Charles V. in 1529 who granted it the year following to Alexander de Medices his Son in Law with the Title of a Dukedom under which Family it still is enlarged in Bounds but perhaps diminished in Wealth and People Besides the Council I mention there have been many other held here which for brevity I must omit as also the vast number of excellent Men here born the noble Library call'd Bibliotheca Laurentiana which is one of the best in the whole World for Manuscripts the excellent Pieces of Architecture Sculpture and Painting of which sort this City shews some Pieces drawn by John Cimabac who about 1200 began to revive the Art of Painting in Italy before which this Art was only exercised by Greeks and many other Rarities plentifully enough here to be found It has three Citadels built by its Dukes at several times They observe that the politeness of the Italian Tongue shines in its greatest perfection here tho not so well pronounced as by the Romans whence that Country Proverb La lingua Toscana in bocca Romana The praise whereof is in great part to be ascrib'd to the famous Academy della Crusca Authors of the Italian Vocabulary established in this City Long. 34. 03. Lat. 43. 15. Florensac a Town in Provence seated on a River nine Miles from Narbonne to the North-East and six from Frontignan to the West Flores or Isla de Flores one of the Azores in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portuguese Florida a very large and fruitful Country in the North America so called because the Spaniards discovered it on Palm Sunday which in their Language they call Parcua de Flores in 1512. The English had before this discovered it Sebastian Cabot sent by Henry VII in 1479 to find a way to the East-Indies by the West being the very first European that landed here But the Spaniards went further searched throughly and took Possession of it for the King of Spain however the English have renewed their old Claim and taken Possession of the more Northern Part by the name of Pensilvania of which I shall speak in due time The Inhabitants call Florida Jaquasa it lies parallel with Castile in Spain and said to be of the same temper both for Air and Soil but abundantly more fruitful Bounded on the North-East with Virginia on the East with Mar del Nort on the South and some part of the West with the Bay of Mexico and on the rest of the West with New Gallicia and some Countries not yet discovered It extends from the River of Palms 25 degr of Lat. to Rio de Secco in Long. 34. which evidently shews that it is a large Country The Spaniards have only two Castles in the Southern Parts S. Matthew and S. Augustin It lies in breadth where it is narrowest thirty Miles and in other parts an hundred towards the North beyond Florida is Canada The whole Country is flat abounds with Rivers which make it over-moist but towards the Sea it is more sandy In 1520 and 1524 Lucas Vsquez invaded it to find Men to work in the Mines In 1528 Pamphilus Narviesius travelled over it In 1528 Ferdinandus Soto went thither after Peru was conquered with three hundred Horse and four hundred Foot to look for Gold but finding none returned empty and discontented bestowing only the Name of Florida upon the Country In 1549 Charles V. sent some Priests thither to Convert the Natives but the Natives destroyed them Under Charles IX of France in 1562 Charles Ribald sailed thither made a League with the Inhabitants and built Charles Fort setling a French Colony And in 1564. Renatus Laudonerius was kindly treated by the Natives which the Spaniards observing and fearing they surprised the French and hanged not only the meaner sort but many Gentlemen too In 1576. Dominic Gurges a Gascoign manned out a Ship at his own cost and charge and retook Charles Fort repaying the Spaniards in their own kind The Spaniards who were then much in the favour of the French had like to have been too hard for him at his return The Soil is very fruitful yields plenty of Sassafras and may have rich Mines but the Inhabitants take no pains to find them and not much to Till the Earth which yields them two Crops of Maze in each year one in March and another in June this is the natural bread of the Country by which and Hunting only the Natives subsist Who are of Olive Complexions great of Stature go Naked except what they are more concerned to hide naturally lovers of War out of a revengeful and unquiet Temper Flumica Crimisa a River of Calabria Citerior which falls into the Bay of Taranto near Capo dell ' Alice four Miles from the Promontory of Santa Maria di Leuca which is the most South-Eastern Cape of Italy and Europe to the West The Cape the Village dell ' lo Zeiro and il Capo dell ' Alice were by the ancient Geographers called Crimisa as well as the River though they have now three several names Flushing Vlissinga Flissinga is a Maritime Town in the Province of Zeeland in the Low Countries seated on the Mouth of the Scheld in the Isle of Walcheren one League from Middleburgh upon the most Southern point of that Island It has a very convenient Haven and the intire Command of the Scheld without whose License no Ship can pass up the River to Antwerp One of the first Towns the Hollander took by surprize from the Spaniards in 1572. by the diligence of Vorst a Seaman and one Monsieur de Berland the Bailiff thereof Then a mean place of no great strength or consideration but since fortified by the Hollanders to the utmost degree of human Art This the Briel and Fort of Ramekins were in 1585. put into the hands of Queen Elizabeth as Cautionary Towns for the repayment of such Monies as she should expend in their Protection against the Spaniards and the famous Sir Philip Sidney was made by her the first Governor of it But in 1616. King James I. resigned all again into the hands of the Hollanders The Prince of Orange is the Proprietor of this Town It is the key of the Sea of the Low Countries See Cadiz § In the Island of Tabago in the Southern America the Hollanders built a Fortress and call'd it New Flushing which the French took and rased in 1677. Fluvian Clodianus a River of Catalonia commonly called El Llobregat it ariseth from the Pyrenean Hills near Junquera in the borders of France and Rousillon and falls into the Mediterranean Sea near Empures or Poret almost seven Miles from Perpignan to the North and two from Narbonne to the South Fochien or Fokien a Province in China bounded on the North by Chekiam on the West by Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the East by the Chinian Ocean between 24. and 27. deg of Latitude It is
or rather the most Northern Branch of the River Niger which falls into the Atlantick Ocean on the North of Cape Verde and in its passage gives name to the Kingdom of Gambay on its Southern Bank not far from its first Division from the River Niger to the East of the Kingdom of Jalost Gamelara Aethusa an Island of Africa Gammacorura a flaming Mountain in the Island of Ternate amongst the Moluccaes In the year 1673. it suffered a violent Rupture out of which it vomited vast quantities of Smoak and Ashes Ganabara Januarius a vast River in Brasil so called by the Natives it falls into the Atlantick Ocean near St. Sebastian where it makes a good Harbor Gand or Gant Gandavum Clarinea called by the Inhabitants Ghent by the French Gand by the Germans Gent by the Spaniards Gante is the Capital of the Earldom of Flanders upon the River Schelde which there takes in the Lyse and Lieue made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mechlin by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. in the Reign of Philip 2. King of Spain This is a vast strong City and was once as rich and populous as unquiet and seditious as any in the Low Countries Erasmus saith of it in his time that he did not think there was any one City in Christendom that could be compared to this for Greatness Power Government and the ingenuity of the Inhabitants But the Wars and other Calamities which have ever since lain heavy upon this Country have exhausted both its Wealth and Inhabitants and brought this City particularly into a very languishing condition The Strength and Situation of it have hitherto supported it It has a Castle built by Charles V. in 1539 who was born here in 1500 and converted an old Abbey which it had into a Cathedral Church And when he built the said Castle spared not to put to death about thirty of the principal Burghers proscribe others confiscate all the publick Buildings take away their Artillery Arms and Privileges and condemn them in a Fine of twelve hundred thousand Crowns for offering to put themselves under the Protection of Francis I. King of France by a Revolt that year of which Francis generously rejecting their Plot had as generously advertised him In the Reign of Philip II. being injuriously treated by the Spaniards this City was one of the first that expelled the Roman Rites in 1578 and admitted the Prince of Orange in 1579. and having cast out the Garrison of Spanish Soldiers levelled the Citadel and fortified the City though then three German Miles in compass It maintained its Liberty till in 1585. seeing the Prince of Orange murthered and no hopes of succor from the Dutch it submitted to the Prince of Parma who rebuilt the Citadel but the Inhabitants being wasted the French took it in 1678 in six days and after restored it to the Spaniards who are now in possession of it This City stands at the equal distance of four Leagues from Antiverp Brussels and Mechlin The learned Hostius Sanderus and Jodocus Badius were Natives of it It s ancient Inhabitants are mentioned by Caesar under the name of Gorduni There are a great many Religious Houses adorning it and seven Parishes besides the Cathedral There is also a strong Castle called the Sas van Ghent or Castle of Gant four Miles from hence to the North built by the Spaniards and taken by the Hollanders in 1644. is still in their Possession Gandia a small Town in the Kingdom of Valentia upon the Coast of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Bay of Valentia eight Leagues from Xativa Setabis to the East It is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom which belongs to the ancient Family of Borgia and has also a College which bears the name of an University of the Foundation of Francis Borgia a General of the Jesuits who was lately Canonized and born here and was Duke of it Gangara A Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa situated between the Lake and Kingdom of Borno the Kingdom of Cassena and the River Niger Rich in Gold and commanded by a King who is absolute The Capital City bears its own name Gangarides an ancient People whose Name Curtius mentions towards the Mouth of the Ganges It is conjectured they might have their Dwelling in the Country we now call the Kingdom of Bengale Ganges the greatest River in the East-India which divides that Continent into two parts called Ganga by the Inhabitants and the Gange by the Europeans it ariseth from Mount Imaus Dalanguer in the Confines of the Great Tartary in the Province of Kakeres and running Southward through the Empire of the Great Mogul it watereth Sirinar Holobassa and Gouro and is augmented by the Streams of Perselus Sersily and Tziotza and many other Rivers in the Mogui's Kingdom In the Kingdom of Bengala it is divided into many Branches and dischargeth it self by five Outlets into the Bay of Bengala giving its name to a Kingdom in its Passage It is full of Islands covered with lovely Indian Trees which afford Travellers great delight The Water is esteemed Sacred by the Inhabitants the Great Mogul will drink no other because it is lighter than that of any other River the Europeans boil it before they drink it to avoid those Fluxes which otherwise it enclines them to This River receiveth from the North-East and West an innumerable number of Brooks and dischargeth it self into the Gulph of Bengala at the height of 23 deg or thereabouts Said by Pliny to be two Miles where it is narrowest and five where it is broadest having Spangles of Gold and precious Stones mixed with its Sands yet not therefore the Phison of Genesis as some mistake because it springs at the distance of twelve hundred Leagues from the Euphrates Gangra an Archiepiscopal City in Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia in the inland Parts now called Cangria Castomoni and by the Turks Kiengara In this City was a famous Synod of sixteen Bishops celebrated in 324 against Eustathius the Monk for his condemning the Marriage-State Dioscorus the Eutychian was banished to this City by Martian the Emperor in 451. after he had been condemned by the Council of Chalcedon and likewise Timotheus Aelurus a Monk of that Faction in 457. by the Emperor Leo this Monk having been chosen Patriarch of Alexandria Stephanus saith there is another City of the same name in Arabia Foelix Ganhay a Town of War by the Chinese therefore called a Fort in the Province of Fochien in China to the South-East It is magnificently built a Town of great Trade full of People and particularly remarked for a stately Stone Bridge 250 paces long Gani the Mine or Quarry of Diamonds near Coulour in Malabar See Coulour Ganking a great and populous City in the Province of Nanking in China with a Territory belonging to and denominated from it having Jurisdiction over five other old Cities It is the Seat and Government of a Viceroy distinct from the Viceroy of the Province being the more
which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
Ravensberg once an Imperial and Free City governed by its own Magistrates but in 1647. taken by the Duke of Brandenburg as Count of Ravensberg of which this was pretended to be a Member In 1673. it was retaken by the French and soon after deserted and restored to that Duke It stands ten German Miles from Munster to the East five from Minden There is in it a Nunnery the Abbess of which is a Princess of the Empire Herzegovina Arcegovina Chulmia Zachulmia Ducatus S. Sabae a Province in Servia called by the Turks Caratze-dag-ili that is the Black VVood by the Inhabitants Herzegovina by the French Le Duché de Saint Saba It is the upper part of the Kingdom of Bosnia lying upon Dalmatia towards the West and South the principal Town in it is S. Saba This was heretofore under Dukes of its own of the Family of Cossa in Venice Hesdin or Hesdin-Fert Hesdinum Hedena a fortified Town in the Borders of Artois upon the River Chanche Quantia which falls into the British Sea below Staple to the North. Built by the Spaniards in 1554. in the place where the Village of Mesnil formerly stood as a Fort against the French who have several times since taken it till in 1659. by the Pyrenean Treaty it was yielded to them It is seated in a Morass eight Miles from Abbevill to the North. Heserwaldt a Forest in the Dukedom of Cleves Hesperia the Name of Spain and Italy amongst some ancient Geographers Hessen See Hassia Hessi the People of Hessen or Hassia which drove out the Chatti and possessed their Land Heszgang the Cataracts of the Danube in Austria beneath Lentz Hethy Ocetis one of the Isles of Orkney called also Hoy. Hetland the same with Shetland another of those Isles Hetruria a large Country in the ancient division of Italy lying betwixt the Tyber the Apennine Mountains the Tyrrhenian Sea and separated from Liguria by the River Macra now Magra It was likewise called Thuscia The present Toscana or Province of Tuscany containing the greatest part of it Heu Itis the same with Assin a small River in Ross in the North-West part of Scotland Hexamili Isthmus Corinthiacus that Neck of Land which joins the Morea to the rest of Greece called thus because it is six Miles over This Passage has been attempted to be cut through to make the Morea an Island by Demetrius Julius Caesar Caligula Nero and after by Herodes Atticus a private Person These all failing it was walled against the Turks by a Grecian Emperour in 1413. By the Venetians in 1224. Amurath II. threw down this Wall in 1463. Mahomet II. in 1465. intirely ruined it though the Venetians had spared neither labour nor charge to fortifie and strengthen it making to the Wall one hundred and thirty six Towers and three Castles In 1687. the Venetians cast out the Turks again and are possessed of it See Morea Herham a Market Town in the County of Northumberland in Tindale Ward upon the River Tyne and the South side of the River Trent This has been anciently a place of great account For in the Infancy of the Saxon Church we read in Bede it was an Episcopal See with the Title of Episcopus Hagulstadiensis in the Person of S. Eata the fifth Bishop of Landisfarne and the first of Hexham to whom afterwards succeeded nine others till the fury of the Danes discontinued it and the Jurisdiction was annexed to the See of York King Henry VIII removed it from that See to the County of Northumberland whereby it became annexed to the Bishoprick of Durham The Church here was scarce inferiour to any in England before the Scots pulled a great part of it down It is fourteen Miles from Newcastle to the East and hath claimed the privilege of being a County Palatine Heydon See Headen Heyssant an Island upon the Coast of Bretagne in France Hiamuen a strong Town in the Province of Fokien in China in a near adjacent Island to the South of Ganhay from whence the Merchandises of China are transported into the Indies and the Philippine Islands It is a considerable Place as well for its Buildings as its Commerce yet the Chinese give it but the Name of a Fort because it is a Garrison Hichan the same with Chios an Island in the Mediterranean Hickling a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Happing Hidro a Mountain in Otranto in Italy Hielmeer a Lake in Sweden between the Provinces of Suderman and Neritia Hierapolis an ancient Archiepiscopal City of Syria The See was subject to the Patriarch of Antioch Also called Bambyca § There was a second in the Province now called Germian or Phrygia Major in the Lesser Asia which was likewise an Archiepiscopal See under the same Patriarch The Turks call the Ruins of this latter yet extant Bamboukale Hieres Olbia Area a small Town upon the Coast of Provence in France two Leagues from Thoulon which communicates its Name to those Islands in the Mediterranean over against it called the Hieres This was an ancient Colony of the People of Marseilles who then gave it the Name of Olbia from the Happiness of the Soil it stands in and being afterwards changed to Area it thence came to be called Hieres Charles I. King of Jerusalem and Earl of Provence purchased it of the Viscounts of Marseilles being heretofore one of the strongest Garrisons on the Coast of Provence and the ordinary place of embarquation for the Pilgrims to the Holy Land It has been adorned with a Collegiate Church ever since 1572. Hiero-Caesarea an ancient City of Doris in the Lesser Asia so called in honour of Caesar before Hierapolis Tacitus reckons it amongst the twelve Towns to which being in a great part all ruined by an Earthquake in one night Caesar remitted their Tribute for five years to recompence their loss There stood a celebrated Temple here dedicated by Cyrus to Diana L'Hiesmois Oximensis Pagus a Territory in Normandy which takes its Name from Hiesmes a Town in Normandy sixteen Miles from Caen to the South-East and eighteen from Mans to the North. Higham-Ferris a Corporation in the County of Northampton which has the Election of two Parliament-men The Capital of its Hundred It stands upon the Eastern banks of the River Nen with a Bridge over the same a Free-School an Alms-house and anciently a Castle whose Ruins yet are visible Highworth a Market Town in Wiltshire The Capital of its Hundred Hiind Indus the great River in the East-Indies Hildesheim Ascalingium Hildesia Hildesheimum Brennopolis a City in the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz erected by S. Lewis the Emperour it is seated upon the River Innerste not above two Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Brunswick seven from Zell to the South and six from Hamelen to the East The Bishop being the only Roman Catholick Bishop in all Saxony is the Protector of it which is otherwise a Free Imperial
City § The Bishoprick of Hildesheim makes a particular District of it self about ten or twelve Leagues long between the Dutchies of Brunswick and Lunenbourgh and the Principality of Halberstad In which extent there are divers Towns following the same Religion Himera an ancient City of the Island of Sicily so called from its situation at the Mouth of the River Himera or the modern fiume ai Termine Hannibal destroyed it about six hundred forty eight years before the coming of Christ two years after which the Carthaginians near its Ruins built another named Thermae Himerae or Thermae Himerenses from the Hot Baths that were in the place This is now called Termine The Poet Stesichorus was a Native of the ancient Himera Hinckley a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Sparkingho Hindon a Corporation in VViltshire in the Hundred of Mere which elects two Members of the Lower House Hingham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Forehoe Hinghoa a great City of the Province of Fokien in China The Capital of a Territory of the same Name commanding one other old City and divers Towns and Villages It is beautified with Magnificent Buildings and many Triumphant Arches and Sepulchres Hippocrene a celebrated Fountain in Boeotia in Greece sacred to the Muses amongst the ancient Poets Hippone Hippo Regius See Bonne Hippopodes an ancient People mentioned by Mela that dwelt about the Scythian Sea and were fabulously reported to have Horses feet from nothing but their agility and swiftness in running Hirpini an ancient People of Italy amongst the Samnites so called from their Capital City Hirpinum which is now a Village says Leander by the Name of l' Arpaia The farther Principate in the Kingdom of Naples was the Seat and Country of this People Hirschfeld Herofelda a small Town in Hassia upon the River Fuld which had heretofore a celebrated Abbey and was an Imperial Free-Town under the Jurisdiction of its own Abbot together with the Territory in which it stands but is now under the Landâ—-Grave of Hessen-Cassel with the Title of a Principality by the Treaty of Munster It stands five German Miles from Fuld to the North and seven from Cassel to the South Hispahan See Haspaam Hispaniola San Domingo and S. Dominique a great Island belonging to the North America called by its Natives Ayti First discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492. The Spaniards afterwards gave it this Name though it is also commonly called La Saint Domingue from its principal Town It is seated in the Bay of Mexico with Cuba and Jamaica to the West Porto Rico and the Caribbe Isles to the East the Atlantick Ocean on the North and the Bay of Mexico on the South It extends from 299 to 307. deg of Long. being one hundred and forty Spanish Leagues from East to West sixty in breadth and four hundred in compass between eighteen and twenty degrees of Northern Latitude The Spaniards have some Colonies at the East end the French others at the North-West end towards Cuba The Air is extreme hot in the Morning but cooler in the Afternoon by reason of a constant Sea Brize which then riseth The Country is always green affords most excellent Pasture the Cattle grow wild for want of Owners they encrease so prodigiously Herbs and Carrots in sixteen days become fit to Eat It affords Ginger and Suger-Canes in vast abundance and Corn an hundred fold It has also Mines of Brass and Iron some say of Silver or Gold When first discovered extreamly populous but the Spaniards in a few years destroyed three Millions of Natives so that now there are very few left The prinpal Town is St. Domingo built by Bartholomew Columbus in 1494. and removed in 1502 to the opposite Shoar of the River Ozama Whilst the Natives were Masters of this Island it stood divided into divers petty Provinces each under the obedience of a distinct Cacique or Prince of their own The Spaniards have cast it into five Cantons viz. Bainora Cubaho Cajaba Cassimu and Guacayatima San Domingo stands in Cassimu In 1586. Sir Francis Drake made a Descent here took Domingo and kept it a Month till the Spaniards redeemed it with their money again Histria Hystereich Istria is a County in Italy which on the East West and South has the Adriatick Sea and on the North Friuli It is full of Woods and Quarries affords Venice under which it is Materials both for Ships and Houses but otherwise not comparable to the rest of Italy in point of Fertility the Air is besides sickly and unwholsom The compass of it is about two hundred Miles This Country was conquered by the Venetians first in 938. and finally subdued in 1190. ever since which they have been under this State though they have made several attempts to shake off their Yoak and regain their ancient Liberty Hitchin a Market Town in Hartfordshire The Capital of its Hundred Hoaiching one of the principal Cities in the Province of Honan in the Kingdom of China Hodu the Persian Gulph Hoddesdon a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Hartford upon the River Lea. Hoeicheu a City of the Province of Nanquin in the South part of it towards Chekiam which stands in a Mountainous Country and has five small Cities under it Hoencourt a Town in the Bishoprick of Cambray near which the French were defeated in 1642. It lies three German Miles from Cambray to the North-West and a little less from Arras to the South-West Hoentwiel a Fortress in Schwaben in Germany belonging to the Duke of Wirtembergh seated upon a Rock between the Rivers Schlichaim and Breym which both fall into the Necker one above the other beneath Rotweil This Castle is seated less than two German Miles from the Danube to the North and two Miles and an half from the Fountains of the Necker to the East It stood seven or eight Sieges against the Imperialists who in one of these viz. that in 1641. spent a whole Summer upon it and at last could not take it Hog-Magog-Hilis a ridge of Hills two Miles South-Eastward of Cambridge on the top whereof is seen a Rampier formerly so strengthened with three Ditches as to be esteemed almost impregnable The same was a Danish Station Hohenloe or Holach Holachius an Earldom in Franconia in the Borders of Schwaben by the River Cochar between the Marquisate of Anspach and the Dukedom of Wirtemberg under its own Count or Earl Holbech a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Ellow Holland one of the three parts in the division of the County of Lincoln which contains the Southern Towns from Lindsey towards the Sea Adorned with the Title of an Earldom since the year 1624. When King James I. created Henry Rich Earl of Holland whose Grandson Edward Rich is the present Earl of Warwick and Holland Holland Batavia Hollandia the principal Province of the Vnited Netherlands called by the Spaniards la Olandia and by all others Holland because
Province of Kiangsi may furnish all China with a Breakfast but Huquang is able entirely to maintain it Hurepois Hurepoesium a District in the Isle of France between la Beause to the West la Brie to the East from which it is parted by the Seine and la Gastinois to the South This heretofore was a part of la Beause The Cities in it are Corbeil Castres and la Ferté Alais The Hurons are a People of North America in the Northern parts of New France towards a Lake of the same Name The River Des Hurons ariseth in the West of New France called also the River of the Otavacks a People bordering on the Hurons and runs a great way towards the North-East till at last it falls into the River of St. Laurence The Lake des Hurons is very great and in its extent resembles a Sea but the Waters are fresh it is seven hundred Leagues in Compass as the Inhabitants about it pretend the Lake of Illinia and the Upper Lake do both fall into it Huz the Country of Job between Syria and Arabia now Omps. Husum a City of Denmark in Jutland in the South part of the Dukedom of Sleswick near the Shoars of the German Ocean and Nort Strand an Island so called It has a most noble Castle built by the Duke of Holstein Gothorp in 1581. under whom it now is It stands a Gorman Mile and an half from Frederickstad to the North four from Sleswick to the West Some few years since it was fortified but the King of Denmark has slighted its Out-works Huy and Hu Huum Huyum Huyonum a Town of the Low-Countries in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Territory of Condrotz between Liege and Namur which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the Maez which here receives the River Huy which latter gives Name to it but ruined This place was taken by the French in 1675 and its Fortifications ruined It stands five French Leagues from Liege to the South-West and thirteen from Brussels to the North-East adorn'd with a Collegiate Church and divers others Hyesmes See Hiesmois Hyeres a Knot of small Islands on the Coast of Narbonne or Provence in the Mediterranean Sea See Hieres Hymburgh See Haynburgh Hymettus a Mountain of Achaia in Greece within a League of Athens and about seven or eight in circumference yielding plenty of odoriferous Herbs for the making of Honey which has been always in great esteem Some call it Monte-Matto by a corruption There are six Convents of Caloyers or Religious Greeks planted upon the sides of it The chief of which call'd by the Turks Cosbachi by the Greeks Cyriani since the Year 1455. when Mahomet II. took Athens and the Abbot of this House brought the Keys to him is exempt from all Taxes to the Port paying a sequine by way of homage Hythe one of the Cinqueport Towns in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath which Elects two Members of Parliament Hyrach Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia heretofore bounded on the North by the Hyrcanian Sea on the East by Margiana on the West by Media and on the South by Parthia properly so called Now divided into two Provinces called Taberistan Mazenderan The. Hyreanian Sea Mare Hyrcanium takes this ancient well known Name from this Province but it is no less frequently called both in Ancient and Modern Geographers and Historians the Caspian Sea This Sea is called by various Names according to the Countries which do border upon it It was anciently called the Sea of Chosar from the eldest Son of Thâ—garma a Great Grand-child of Noah by Japhet Nubius in his Geography calls it the Sea of Tavisthan the Arabians Baharcorsum the Persians Kulsum as they do also the Persian Gulph The Greek and Latin Authors Mare Hyrcanium or Mare Caspium the Persians call it also the Sea of Baku the Muscovites Gualenskoi-More The Ancients generally thought it had a communication with the Indian Ocean which is not true for it has no communication with any other Sea in the World known and therefore may most properly be called the Mediterranean Sea this was known to Aristotle and Herodotus of old It s greatest extent is from North to South that is from Astrachan to Ferabath eight deg of the Equator or one hundred and twenty German Miles or four hundred and eighty English Miles its Breadth from the Province of Chuaresin to the Mountains of Circassia or Shirwan is six deg or ninety German Miles or three hundred and sixty English Miles The Waters are in the middle as salt as those of any other Sea whatsoever but it neither Ebbs nor Flows as all the rest do which have any Intercourse with the Ocean It hath in a manner never a safe Harbor upon it the best is Minkischlak or Manguslave on the side of the Grand Tartary The Water is of the same colour with that of other Seas it has but one Island in it and that lies towards Persia called Ensil which has never an House in it Thus far Olearius who Travelled over it in 1636. It is generally very shallow and flat therefore in Tempests dangerous to those that Sail upon it the Persians never trust to it and rarely go out of sight of the Shoar This Sea has on the North the Kingdom of Astrachan and Negaia on the East Chuaresm on the South the Kingdom of Persia and on the West Georgia it receives there above an hundred Rivers which fall into it many of which are very great as the Wolga the Araxis or Cyrus the Keisilosein the Bustrow the Aksay and the Koisu towards the North are the Rivers of Jaika and Jems towards the South and East the Nios Oxus and the Oxentes which Curtius calls Tanais Olearius assures us that in twenty days Travel between Roschot and Schamakap he crossed above fourscore Rivers great and small Hyth a Port in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath which has a Castle for its Defence upon the Streights of Calais between Dover to the North and Rie to the South two Miles from the first and five from the latter It elects two Members of Parliament J A. JAbesh-Gilead an antient Town of Judaea in the Territory of Gilead belonging to the Tribes of Israel All whose Inhabitants saving four hundred Young Virgins were by the Israelites put to the Sword for not assisting in the War against the Benjamites Judg. 21. 11. 12. In the Year of the World 2963. Nahash King of the Ammonites besieg'd it and refused to accept of its surrender otherwise than upon the condition of putting out the right eye of every one In the mean time Saul coming to their relief engaged Nahash defeated him and raised the Siege 1 Sam. 11. Jacatra a City and Kingdom in the Island of Jaâ—a in the East-Indies The latter is subject to the King of Bantam the other the same with Batavia the Hollanders under whom it is having so new-named it See Batavia Jacca an ancient City belonging to the Vascenes
entereth the Dukedom of Bavaria where being augmented by several other Rivers it falls into the Danube at Passaw over against Ilstat Inspruck or Insprug Oenipons is the Capital City of the County of Tyrol in Germany little but neat and populous built in a fruitful Valley upon the River In or Inns over which it has a Bridge and from whence it has its Name at the foot of the Alpes It has a neat strong Castle in which the Dukes of Austria have sometimes resided Walled by Otho the Great in 1234. but those Walls are not now maintained it is under the Emperour This City stands twenty Miles from Saltzburgh to the South-West and eighteen from Trent to the North. Most memorable for the shameful Flight of Charles V. in 1552. when Maurice Duke of Saxony Albert Marquess of Brandenburgh and William Landtgrave of Hessen joining their Forces suddenly took Auspurg twenty Miles from hence to the North-West in four days thence marching directly for Inspruck they took in their passage Eresburgh which was thought Impregnable and put that Prince with Ferdinando his Brother then at Inspruck into such a fright that they were forced to cross the Alpes in the dead of the night by Torch-light many of the Nobility not having so much as an Horse to ride on The next day these Confederate Princes took the Town plundered all they found belonging to the Emperour and Spaniards but spared the Towns Mens Goods and Houses This Action put an end to all the Projects of that Prince in Germany and has established the German Liberty then in great danger of ruin In 1689. about January this City suffered much by the repeated shocks of an Earthquake Instad Oenostadium a Suburb of the City of Passaw upon the Eastern Bank of the River Inn where it falls into the Danube Ioannipoli Jambol a City of Bulgaria which is a Bishops See Iocelin Josselinum a Town in Bretagne in France upon the River Ouste which coming from S. Quintin falls into the River Vilaine near Redon It stands sixteen Miles from Rennes to the West and as many from S. Brieux to the North-West Ioden Judaei the Jews Iâ—gues Gymnosophistae a Heathen Sect of Philosophers of great Antiquity in the East-Indies still extant Ioigny Joviniacum a City in France upon the River Yonne Icauna in Champagne in the Territory of Sens which is built at the foot of an Hill and has splendid Castle belonging to it written by some Iviniacum Ioinville Joanvilla a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Marne Matrona eight Leagues from Chaumont to the North eighteen from Chalons to the South-East Ennobled with the Title of a Principality by Henry II. of France in 1552. in favour of Francis of Lorrain Duke of Guise Iolcos an ancient Maritime Town in Thessalia upon the Archipelago at the foot of the Mountain Pelion and near the Cities Demetrias and Pagasae The famous Argonautae were said to embarque here It has been since called Iaco. Iona Ibona Hii an Island on the West of Scotland famous for the Sepulchres of the old Scotch Kings The chief Town is Sodore a Bishops See in time past who had in his Jurisdiction all these Western Isles and the Isle of Man This See was erected in 840. This is the same with Cholmkil and lies five Miles from Dunstafag to the North-West Ionia a fruitful Province of the Lesser Asia betwixt Caria and Aetolia now called by the Turks Quiscon Famous in ancient times for many considerable Cities and Noble Temples standing in it as also for a Sect of Philosophers called the Ionian Sect who were of the Disciples of Thales of Miletus The Sea betwixt Greece and Sicily towards Macedonia Epirus Achaia and the Peloponnesus anciently bore the Name of the Ionian Sea which Name some derive from Javan the Son of Japhet Ionne Joanna a River written also Yonne it ariseth in the Dukedom of Burgundy from the Mountain called Morvant near the Castle of Chinone and visiteth the City of Clamesy in Nivergne and Cretian where it takes in the Cure after which passing on the East of Auxerre it becomes sufficient for the passage of Boats of some Bulk and admits the Serine and Armancione then passing by Sens falls into the Seyne at Montreau sur Yonne seventeen Leagues above Paris Ionquera Juncaria an old Roman Town mentioned by Antoninus and Ptolemy It is in Catalonia at the foot of the Pyrenean Hills near the Passage called Col de Pertus in the Confines of Rousillon and France three Leagues West from the Mediterranean Sea five from Perpignan to the South and seven from Girona to the North-East Ionquieres Juncariae a Town in Provence in France upon the Mediterranean Sea five Leagues from Marseille to the West and fifteen from Avignon to the South Iortan Jortanum a City and Kingdom on the North side of the Island of Java in the East-Indies The City has a good frequented Port betwixt the Streights of Palambuam and Passarvan Also a River of the same Name Ios an Island of the Aegean Sea to the North of Candia one of the ancient Sporades Famous heretofore for the Tomb of Homer according to Pliny Iotapata an ancient City of Palestine besieged taken and ruined by the Emperour Vespasian at the same time that Josephus the Jewish Historian assisted in its defence who describes the Siege Ant. Jud. l. 3. Iouare or Jouars Jotrum an Abbey of the Benedictines in the Province of Brie in France in the Diocese of Meaux where a Council was celebrated in 1130. Iour Jura a Mountain which divides France from Switzerland Ioura or Jero Gyarus Giaros Giara a small and barren Island of the Archipelago whether the Romans used relegare their Criminals i. e. in the sense of the Roman Law in opposition to deportare to banish them for a determinate or indeterminate time Juvenal understands the same place in his Aude aliquid brevibus gyaris carcere c. There is nothing at this day to be found upon it but Fishermens Cabbins Iourdain Jordan Jordanes is the greatest River in the Holy Land or Palestine and the most celebrated in the Holy Scriptures called at this day by the Inhabitants Scheriah It ariseth in the Confines of Coelosyria from two Fountains Jor and Dan both at the foot of Mount Libanus four Miles above Caesarea Philippi and running Southward it maketh two Lakes first that of Meroz then that of Capernaum called also the Sea of Galilee and having watered several of the ancient Cities of the Land of Canaan none of which are now extant it falls into the Dead Sea or Lake of Sodom It is the greatest or rather the only River in all this Country the rest being mere Brooks rather than Rivers About half as broad at Jerico as the River Seine is at Paris very rapid and the Water of it thick because it passeth through fat Lands and is very full of Fish beset on both sides with thick and pleasant Woods This account is
and Conflans upon it stands Luxevil which is about six Leagues from Langres to the East Lantriguet See Treguier Lanzano See Lanciano Lanzerote or Lanzarotta Pluitalia one of the Azores or Canary Islands which lies in Long. 4. Lat. 27. 40. The Kingdom of Lao or Laos in the East Indies is bounded by the Kingdoms of Tunquin to the East Cambaia to the South Siam and Pegu to the West and Ava to the North. Of great strength against Invasion from the Mountains surrounding it Fruitful temperate and very healthful under a King heretofore tributary to China but now absolute who receives the Tributes of divers petty Kings as their Soveraign It is divided into seven great Provinces governed by Viceroys and watered by the Mother of Rivers as they call it the River Lao which springing from about the high Mountains of the Province of Junnan upon the Frontiers of China divides into two great Rivers some Leagues from Lao whereof one passes West by Pegu to the Gulph of Bengale the other expands it self in divers Branches throughout all Lao cutting the same in two from North to South The Capital City is Langione in 18 deg of Lat. The King of Tonquin attempted not long ago to unite this Kingdom with his own but not with success It has been a Kingdom since the year 600 before which it was a sort of a Republick and before that a Member of the Kingdom of China Laodicea See Eskihisar Laudichia and Lyche Laon Laudunum Lugdunum Clavatum a City in Picardy in France which is commonly pronounced Lan. It is great and very well fortified and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rheims Baudrand placeth it in the Isle of France on a high Hill but in the borders of Picardy of which he saith it was once a part ten Miles from Rheims to the North-West and twenty eight from Paris to the North-East The Bishop is always one of the twelve Peers of France and a Duke The Diocese belonging to this City is called Laonnois or Lannois It is bounded on the North with Tierache a part of Picardy on the East by Champagne and on the South and West with Soissonne it takes this name from the principal City Some French Synods have been assembled here Lapord Lapurd Labord more commonly called Bayonne See Bayonne Lapathios Lapithus a City at the North end of the Isle of Cyprus which is yet a Bishop's See and retains the Greek Rites It is very ancient and called Lapethos by Pliny and Lapatho by Strabo Lapithae an antient People of Thessalia dwelling in the Country about Larissa and the Mountain Olympus Ovid styles them Sylvestres Virgil ascribes to them the Invention of Bridles Lapland Lapponia Lappia called by the Inhabitants Lapmarck by the Swedes Sabmienladti by the Germans Laplandt by the Moscovites Loppi and by the French Laponie It is the most Northern part of Scandinavia first mentioned by Saxo Grammaticus about the year of Christ 1190. Bounded on the North with the Frozen Sea or the North Ocean on the West with the Kingdom of Norway on the South with Bothnia and Finia two Provinces of Sweden and on the East by the White Sea It was heretofore divided into three Kingdoms and is now at this day divided between three Princes the Emperor of Moscovy the King of Sweden and the King of Denmark of which the King of Sweden has the greatest share Johannes Schefferus lately put out a very exact Account of these Countries towards the North and East it is extreamly Mountainous and barren but the South is more level and well watered with Rivers and Lakes There have been not long since found in it Mines of Brass Iron Silver and Lead besides divers sorts of precious Stones As this is one of the Hyberborean People who are buried the greatest part of the year in Snow and Darkness so they are extreamly Rude Ignorant Poor and Barbarous so fearful that they will start and be in a fright at the noise of a Leaf infamous for Witchcraft and Conjurations yet Christians in Profession and so revengeful that they will throw themselves sometimes into a River to perish willingly with one they hate in their Arms if they can but so destroy him The more Northern are the most barbarous Lar Laria a great and magnificent City in that Province of the Kingdom of Persia which gives name to a Kingdom seated in the Confines of Caramania upon the River Tisindon a hundred and seventy Miles from Ormus to the North-East but in the later Maps it is placed only forty German Miles from Ormus and on the West side of the River Monsieur Thevenot gives a large Account of this Town in the second part of his Travels cap 4. to whom I refer the Reader It lies Long. 93. 40. Lat. 27. 40. Mr. Herbert saith it consisted of about two thousand Houses and had had five but lost three thousand in an Earthquake It is as he saith famous for nothing but its Castle built at the North-end on an aspiring Mountain and stored with the Cannon brought from Ormus § The Kingdom of Lar took its name from the last mentioned City lying near Ormus and the entrance of the Persian Gulph Schah Abbas King of Persia annexed this to the rest of his Dominions in the end of the last Century viz. in 1596. by a Conquest of the Guebres who were before Masters of it and were Governed by a Prince of their own stiled King of Lar the last of which was slain by the Persians with all his Progeny to secure this barren and poor Kingdom to the King of Persia The Water of this Kingdom is extream bad and unhealthful as both Herbert and Thevenot agree the Soil barren and sandy and they both say also that in this Kingdom there are a vast number of Jews But Mr. Herbert saith That there is neither River nor Rivolet near the City of Lar by a hundred Miles and Thevenot they had nothing but Cistern-Water to drink which was subject to Corruption which seems to confirm Mr. Herbert's Report See Herbert pag. 52. Thevenot Part. 2. pag. 131. § Ptolemy mentions an Arabian River Lar Now called Om. See Om. Larache L'Haris or Arays Lixa a Town in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa in the Province of Asgar at the mouth of a River of its own name call'd by Castaldus Lusso by the Italians Fieume di Larach in Silius Italicus Lixus towards the Atlantick Ocean between Cape Spartel and Mamera taken from the Spaniards by the Moors in November 1689. after a Siege of three months mutually asserted and resisted with extraordinary Bravery Larad or Lara a Town in Old Castile in Spain upon the River Arlanza at the foot of the Mountains remakable in the Spanish History for giving name to the Family de Lara which once had seven Sons all Knighted in a day Laranda a City of Cappadocia called by the same name it now has by Ptolemy and Strabo It is a Bishop's See under the
Lewis VIII King of France which was afterward in 1267. set right by a Treaty when Lewis IX in consideration of a Marriage surrendered all his Right and Title as Son of the said Blanch to Alphonsus V. King of Leon and Castile Peter de la Marca Archbishop of Paris in his History of Bearn saith this Kingdom did not begin so early as the Spaniards pretend and endeavours to prove it But this is no place for Controversies Leon Leondoul Leona a City in Britagne in France on the North Shoar of that Province thirty three Leagues from Rennes to the West ten from Treguier and eleven from Brest to the North. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toures one S. Paul being its most ancient Bishop about the year 600 the City is often called S. Paul de Leon from him it is the Capital of the Territory of Leonnois well fortified and has also a Castle and a safe Harbour upon the British Sea Heretofore the Seat of the Dukes of Britagne and the Country of the ancient Osismi or Osismii mentioned by Caesar whence its Latin Name besides Leona and Leonum is Civitas Osismorum § There is mention made of another Leon in Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia otherwise called Vatiza and thought to be the Polemenium of the Ancients S. Leonard a Town in Limosin in France and another in Nivergne Lepanto Naupactus Aetolia a Sea-Port in Achaia now Livadia called by the Turks Enebchti is seated in that part of Greece which the Ancients called Aetolia twelve Miles from Patras the Italians gave it the name of Lepanto it is seated not far from the entrance of the Western Bay of Corinth heretofore so called but now from this place the Gulph of Lepanto The City is built on the South side of a towering Mountain formed like a Cone on the top of which is a strong Castle surrounded with four strong Walls set at some distance one above another between which the Inhabitants have their Houses The Port is very handsom and beautiful and may be secured by a Chain the Mouth of it is so streight it will hold but a few Ships and those cannot go out and in at any time for want of Water It is seated in a pleasant Country filled with delightful Gardens yielding some of the best Wine in Greece and has on the East side a a fine River which serves their Mills then their Gardens and afterward all the City and Seamen The Turks have six or seven Mosques in it the Greeks two Churches and the Jews three Synagogues In 1408. it was under the Emperor of Greece but being too remote as things then stood for him to secure it Emanuel the Emperor assigned it to the Venetians who took care to fortifie it as it is now In 1475. Mahomet the Great the same that took Constantinople having gained Corinth besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men and after four Months spent before it was forced to retire with with shame and loss The Turks having found by this costly experiment the strength of this important place in 1499. made use of another method besides a victorious Army and a potent Fleet to terrifie them he imployed Bribes corrupted Hiâ—ronimo Tropo the Venetian Governour and by a Treachery altogether unworthy of Bajazet II. who was here in person possessed himself of it In 1571. Octob. 7. in the Gulph of Lepanto from five a Clock in the morning till night was fought the most bloody Sea Battel betwixt the Christian and the Ottoman Fleets that ever besel the Turks since the beginning of their Empire There in the same Gulph where the Emperor Augustus overthrew Marc Anthony The Christians lost eight thousand Men. Of the Turks five thousand were taken prisoners and about thirty thousand slain with Hali Bassaw their Admiral Of the Turkish Gallies one hundred and thirty were taken and above ninety others sunk burnt and destroyed The Generalissimo on the Christians side was Don John of Austria a Natural Brother to Philip II. King of Spain accompanied with the Flower of the Italian Nobility At the same time nigh twenty thousand Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty In 1687. the Venetians having in the three preceding years almost beat the Turks out of the rest of the Morea and resolved to begin this Campagne with the Siege of Patras their General Morosini Landed in the Morea near Patras on July 22. notwithstanding all the opposition of the Serasquier the 24. he fought and defeated the Serasquier and having thereupon taken in Patras and the Dardanell Castle on that side so called in imitation of those of the Hellespont he crossed to the other to Lepanto and found the Turks making all the haste they could to empty the Place for him whereupon he entred and took Possession of it for that Republick without striking one blow Thus was this important Place lost as basely as it was gained and the Cowardize of this Age has revenged the Treachery of the former It had in it one hundred and twenty Brass Canon And it is an Archiepiscopal City tho the Archbishop has used to reside at Larta The Gulph of Lepanto is formed by the shooting forth of two Promontories into the Ionian Sea from the Morea and Achaia called Capo Antirio and Capo Rione The first of which has the Castle of Patras the other the Castle of Romelia for its defence Leprus Pariedrus a huge Mountain of a vast height out of which Araxes and Euphrates spring Lera Igmanus Sigmanus a River of Aquitain in France more commonly called La Leyre which falls into the small Bay of Buch eight Miles from Bourdeaux to the South-West and the same distance from the Mouth of the Guaronne to the South Leresse See the Nieper Lergue Larga a River in Gallia Narbonensis Hoffman Lericee a small Town upon the Coasts of the Republick of Genoua in Italy at the Foot of the Rocks looking to the Sea It is taken to be the Portus Erycis of Ptolemy and Antoninus A frequented place for Embarkations four or five Miles from Sarzana and East of Sestri de Levante There is a Gulph by it separated by a Neck of Land from the Gulph of Spezza or Speccia Lerida Ilerda a City of Catalonia in Spain which in the Roman times was the Capital of that part of Spain they called Tarraconensis It is now called Leyda by the Inhabitants and Lerida by the Spaniards a strong place built upon a rising ground but declining to the River Segre Taken from the Moors in 1143. and made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona In 1300. here was an University opened at which Pope Calixtus III. took his Degree of Doctor of the Laws yet it never acquired any great Fame or Repute of later times it has suffered much from the French who have made many Attempts upon it But in 1646. in one of their Attacks they were beaten off and lost all their Cannon here This City lies twenty four Spanish
Duke of his Family The French first Possessed themselves of this Dukedom under Lewis XIII in 1663 It was restored to this Family again by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1659. In the Year 1674 it was again reassumed by the French Charles Leopold the late Duke of famous memory being in the mean time employed by the Emperor as his General won more Honour than he could have done if he had succeeded his Uncle in his rightful Inheritance This great Prince died on the eighteenth of April 1690 suddenly in his forty eighth year at a Convent near Lintz in his Journey to Vienna his renowned Actions and high Merits making him extremely lamented He Married Elionora Maria of Austria Dowager of Michael King of Poland and Sister to the present Emperor by whom the Title to this Dukedom continues in the Family to his eldest Son Lorca Eliocrata Ilorcis a small but ancient City of the Kingdom of Murcia in Spain it was in the times of the Goths a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo But this See was since removed to Cartagena Nueva It stands upon the River Guadilentin in the Confines of the Kingdom of Granada ill peopled twelve Miles from Murcia in Long 19. 15. Lat. 38. 2. Lorne Lorna a County in the North of Scotland upon the Western Ocean bounded on the North by Loquabre on the East by Menteith on the South by Argyle and Cantyr and on the West by the Vergivian Ocean the old Inhabitants of this County were the Epidii as Cambden acquaints us Loretto or Lauretto Lauretum a small and a New City in the Marcha Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church made a Bishops See by Pope Sixtus V. in 1586. and in 1591. the Bishoprick of Recanati was for ever united to this new See It stands upon a long Hill three Miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea fifteen from Ancona to the South very well fortified to preserve it from the Incursions of the Turks and has a Noble Palace But that which is its greatest yea it s only Glory is the Chappel of the Virgin Mary called La Santa Casa the Holy House Pilgrims out of all parts of Europe repairing hither to perform their Devotions to the Virgin This place was anciently a desolate Grove where in the Pagan Times some think there was a Temple of Juno Cuprana The Chappel that is so much esteemed is supposed to be the very Chamber in which the Queen of Heaven was her self Educated and received the Angel's Salutation They believe it was brought hither out of Palestine by Angels All this is proved by the Testimony of Grave Men and the Memorials of an innumerable number of Miracles which are believed to have been wrought here The Reader is not to suppose it was brought from Palestine hither at once no it was deposited after the taking of Ptolomais by the Saracens first in Dalmatia in the year 1291. Thence the Thieveries of that Nation occasioned her Remove three or four years after to a Wood in this Marquisate and from thence to a Hill and here two Brothers not agreeing She at last removed to Loretto Where saith Tursellinus She hath resolved to take up her fixed and as we hope if no grievous offence of the Inhabitants or Neighbours prevent it her eternal Rest her last Remove he assures us was in 1295. And if she has been able to digest all the Italian Sins for almost four hundred years we may well presume She will remove no more at least not in our Days Lorgues Lonas Leonas Leonicae a Town in Provence in the Diocese of Frejus two Leagues from Draguignan five from Frejus and fourteen from Aix situated in a fertile Soil and adorned with a Collegiate Church of the Foundation of Pope Martin V. in 1421. together with divers Religious Houses Lorris Lauriacum a Town in the Diocese of Anger 's and the Dukedom of Anjou in France remarked for a French Synod there assembled in 843. Losere a Mountain in Languedoc in which are the Fountains of the River Tarn that separates Aquitain from Languedoc This is a Branch of the Sevennes extended towards the Lower Languedoc six Leagues from Ghave or Javoux to the North-West and eight from Vzes to the South-East mentioned by Sidonius Apollinaris in his twenty fourth Verse Losse a River of Scotland in the County of Murray called by Ptolemy Loxa it watereth the North part of that County and falls into the German Ocean beneath Elgin the Capital of that County Lot Le Olda Loda a River in Aquitain in France which ariseth from the Sevennes a Mountain in Givaudan a County of Languedoc and flowing within one Mile of Mende a City in the County and soon after augmented by the Truer and some smaller Rivers and running Westward through Rovergne and Querey which latter it divides it at last watereth Agen Cassenneil and Clerac then falls into the Garonne near Aiguillon four Leagues beneath Agen. Whereas heretofore this River was passable by Boats only as far as Ville Neuve de Agen it is of late with vast Expence made Navigable as high as Chaors to the inestimable Benefit of this Province by the present King of France in 1677. Lothaine Laudonia a County in the South of Scotland bounded on the North by the Fyrth of Edinburgh on the East by the German Ocean on the South by Marches Twedal and Cluydesdale and on the West by the County of Sterling This County is thirty four Scotch Miles in length from East to West but not above ten broad for the most part It is the principal County in that Kingdom Edinburgh standing almost in the middle of it besides which it hath Lyth Dunbar and Dalkeith Lotophagi the ancient People of the Island now called L'isle des Gerbes upon the Coast of Africa under the Spaniards They are mentioned by divers of the Ancients with applause Lotreich or Lothar-reich Lorain Loudun Juliodunum a City of France in the County of Poictou six Leagues from Salmur to the South ten from Poictiers and eighteen from Amboise to the North-West from this City the circumjacent Country is called le Laudonnois which King Henry III. erected into a Dutchy and in the Writers of the middle Age this City is called also Lausdunum Lovenstein Lovenstenum a Castle or Triangular Fort in the County of Holland in the Island of Bommel at the union of the Vahal and the Maes over against Worcum four Miles from Vtrecht to the South and a little more from Dort to the East This Fort belongs to the States of Holland and lies in the Borders of Guelderland Lough the Irish word for a Lake Loughborough a handsom pleasant Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of West Goscote upon the Banks of the River Stowre over which it has a Bridge and near the Forest of Charwood amongst fertile Meadows Lough Foyle Logia a River of Ireland in the Province of Vlster which by London-Derry falls into the Deucalidonian Ocean between the County of Derry and
Dukedom of Lunenburgh It stands upon the River Ilmenaw not above two German Miles from the Elb to the South ten from Lubeck seven from Hamburgh to the South-West and twenty from Bremen to the North-East Built by Henry the Lyon in 1190 but the Castle is older than the City an hundred and twenty four years It took this Name from the Moon the Image of which was worshiped here till the Reign of Charles the Great who took that Idolatry away It grew up out of the Ruins of Bardwick a Town within two Miles of the Elb to the South When it was exempted from the Empire I do not find but it is now under the Duke of Lunenburgh and is one of the strongest and best fortified Towns of Germany There was anciently a very famous Monastery in it of the Order of S. Benedict which Christian Lewis Duke of Lunenburgh in the year 1660. turned into a College Near it stands a Mountain called by the Germans Kalckberg which affords excellent Chalk and by it are many Salt Springs that contribute much to its Wealth it has one of the noblest Bridges in Europe over a Navigable River The Houses are magnificent the Inhabitants rich and numerous The Dukes of Lunenburgh are of the House of Brunswick Long. 32. 20. Lat. 53. 34. The Dukedom of Lunenburgh is a part of the Lower Saxony bounded on the North by the Earldom of Pinnenburgh and the Territories of Lubeck and Hamburgh on the West with the Earldom of Hoy and the Dukedoms of Bremen and Ferden on the South with the Dukedom of Brunswick and the Bishoprick of Hildesheim on the East with the Dukedom of Mechlenburgh and the Marquisate of Brandenburgh It is watered by the Elb the Aller the Ilmenaw anciently called Lindaw now commonly Die Awe and the Jetze The principal Cities and Towns are next that which gives its Name Zell Danneberg Harburgh Winsen Gifhorn Borchdorp and Walsrade This Dukedom was first given to one Otho of the House of Bavaria by Frederick II. in 1235. which Family is still extant and divided into several Branches Lure Lurense Monasterium a Monastery dedicated to S. Martin in the Franche Comte upon the River Lougnon at the Foot of Mount Vauge thirteen Leagues from Besanzon to the North. The Abbat of which has a Sovereignty belonging to his House Luri a vast Village in the Isle of Corsica near the Town of S. Florence Lusatia a Province in Germany called by the Germans Lausnitz and by the French Lusace It has been annexed both to Misnia and Bohemia but in the year 1623. it was granted by Frederick II. to the Elector of Saxony and confirmed in the year 1637. Bounded on the East by Silesia on the North by Marchia on the West by the Vppper Saxony and Misnia and on the South by Bohemia It is watered by the Sprew and Neiss and has in it six great Towns or Cities Bauken upon the Sprew Gorlitz upon the Neiss Sittaw Ramitz Luben and Guben Also divided into two parts The Upper which lies towards Bohemia and Misnia and the Lower towards Saxony which latter was granted to John George the First by the Elector of Saxony in the year 1652. The Capital of it is Soraw Lusignan Lusignanum Lucinianum a Town in Poictou with a Castle upon the River Vona five Leagues from Poictiers to the North-West towards Rochel In this place there arose a Family some of which have been Kings of Cyprus and Jerusalem it is also famous for the noble Castle of Melusine Luso or Pluso Aprusa a River of Romandiola in Italy it falls into the Adriatick Sea near Rimini between Ravenna and Pesaro Lusson Luciona Lucionum Luxiona a small City in Poictou in France which is yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Instituted by Pope John XXII in 1317. who at the same time changed its Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral It stands near a Marsh and has no Walls two Miles from the Sea six from Maillezais to the West twenty four from Poictiers to the West and five from Rochelle to the North. Cardinal Richelieu was once Bishop of this See Lusson Luconia Lussonia the principal of the Philippine Islands frequently called Manile from the principal City in it which is a Bishops See and together with the Island subject to the Spaniards This Island is said to be a thousand Miles in compass It lies between Long. 145. and 150. and 14. and 20. South Lat. Lusuc Luzuck Luzko and Luckolusuc Luceoria a great City of Poland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and the Capital of Wolhynia It stands upon the River Ster by a Lake and has a strong Castle in it not above seven Polish Miles from the Confines of Russia to the East twenty five says Baudrand thirty four from Lemburgh to the North-East and eighty five from Kiovia to the West There are more Protestants and Jews than Roman Catholicks in this City as Le Vasseur reports Luton a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Flitt upon the Borders of Hartfordshire and Buckinghamshire Lutterworth a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Goodlaxton upon the River Swift which soon after falls into the Avon in a good Soil and beautified with a large Church whereof the famous John Wicliff was a Parson whose Opinions entertained the Sessions of divers Councils at London Oxford c. besides the General Council of Constance Lutzeilstein a County in Lorain Lutzen Lutza a small Town in Misnia a Province of the Vpper Saxony in Germany where the Swedes won a signal Victory over the Austrian Forces but lost Gustavus Adolphus the bravest Prince they ever had Nov. 16. 1632. This Town stands upon the River Elster two German Miles from Maryburg to the North-East and the same from Leypsick to the West Lutsko or Lutscko the same with Lusuc Luwow the same with Lemburgh Luxemburgh Luxemburgum a very strong City and a Dukedom in the Low Countries The City is the Capital of that Dukedom It is seated upon the River Elza in part on a Hill the rest on a Plain Ptolemy calls it Augusta Romanduorum Guiccardin saith it has a good Situation a great Compass strong Fortifications and convenient Buildings tho by reason of the many Hazards of War it had gone through many of its Houses were not only neglected but deserted by their Owners It has a Convent of the Order of S. Francis Founded in the time of that Saint in which lies buried John King of Bohemia Father of Charles IV. Emperor of Germany slain by the English at the Battel of Cressy in 1346. This City has continually born the first Brunts of the Wars between the French and the Netherlands In 1529. Charles V. took it from Francis I. King of France In 1542. it was taken and sacked by the Duke of Orleans retaken and treated in the same manner in the year following It is at this day in the Hands of the French who since their late
from Vratislaw to the South and the same distance from Oppeien to the West The Dukedom of Munsterberg lies in Bohemia in the Vpper Silesia now in the possession of the Emperour Bounded by the Dukedom of Grotkaw to the East that of Schweidnitz to the North and Bohemia to the West and South Munsterthal Vallis Monasterii a small Territory in the Canton of Gottespunt amongst the Grisons Munzarrum Taurus a Mountain in the Losser Armenia Muradal or El puerto de Muradal Saltus Castulonensis a passage over the Mountains of Morena leading to New Castile Andaluzia and the Borders of Portugal where Alphonsus King of Castile with the King of Navarre obtained so great a Victory over the Moors as to leave two hundred thousand of them dead upon the place There was heretofore nigh to it a Town called Castulo now a Village by the name of Caslona which gave it the Latin Name of Saltus Castulonensis Murat a small Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the River Alagnon at the foot of the Mountains three or four Leagues from S. Flour adorned with the Title of a Viscounty Murrana Crabra a River in Italy which ariseth in Campagnia di Roma and dividing into two Branches one falls into the Teverone two Miles above Rome the other runs through Rome into the Tiber. Murcia a City and a Kingdom in Spain The Kingdom is very small lies on the South of New Castile to which it is now united which bounds it on the North. The Kingdom of Valentia on the East the Kingdom of Granada on the West and the Mediterranean Sea on the South It is called a Kingdom because during its being under the Moors it had distinct Kings for many Ages The chief Cities in it are Carthagena and Murcia the Capital of this Kingdom It is seated on the River Segura in a pleasant Plain in the Confines of the Kingdom of Valentia three Leagues from Orihuela to the West six from Carthagena to the North-West eight from the Mediterranean Sea Retaken from the Moors in 1265. and being a considerable and pleasant place injoys the presence of the Bishop of Carthagena for the most part Muret Muretum a Town in the Province of Gascoigne in Aquitain in France upon the Garonne two Leagues from Tholouse near which Simon Earl of Monfort in 1213. obtained a great Victory over the Albigeois and Arragonois Peter the King of Arragon being there slain together with the Earl of Tholouse and above twenty thousand of their men § Also a small Town in the Province of Limosin in the same Kingdom Muro Muru a small City in the Basiilicate in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza It is seated at the foot of the Appenine in the Confines of the Principate twelve Miles from Cosenza to the North-East and twenty from Acerenza to the West Murray Moravia one of the North-Eastern Shires of the Kingdom of Scotland of great extent from East to West on the North it has the German Ocean and Murray Fyrth on the East Buchan on the South Athole and Marr and on the West Loquaber It is in length ninety Scotch Miles and in its greatest breadth thirty The principal Town is Elgin which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews but he is stiled Bishop of Murray not of Elgin Murray Fyrth Vara a great Arm of the German Ocean which pierceth the Eastern Shoar of Scotland On the North and West it has the County of Ross and on the South Murray and Buchan There is no Town of any consideration upon it except Chaurie Muscovy See Russia Mussidan a Town in the Province of Perigord in France upon the River Lille four or five Leagues from Perigeux famous in the Civil Wars of Religion in the last Age. Mut Vidua a River of Ireland Muya Mulcha the Niger a vast River in Africa Mycone See Micoli Mygdonia a Country of the ancient Macedonia betwixt the Rivers Strymon Stronona Axius Vardari and the Gulph of Aiomana Apollonia Antigonia Amphipalis c. were its principal Cities § The same name was anciently also given to a Country in Mesopotamia lying along the course of the River Mygdonius which watereth the Walls of the City Nifibin and thence runs to the Bed of the Tigris Mycenae an ancient City of the Peloponnesus betwixt Argos and Corinth Otherwise called Agios Adrianos Mylaen Mylias a City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia now ruined Myra the ancient name of the City Strumita in Lycia See Strumita Myrbach a small Town in the Vpper Alsatia in Germany remarkable for a famous Abbey which before the possession of this Country by the French had the honour to be an Ecclesiastical Principality immediately dependent of the Emperour Myrlaea Apamia a City of Bythinia in the Lesser Asia upon the South Shoar of the Propontis which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzicum and still called by its ancient name Mysia a Country of Asia Minor according to the ancient Geography divided into the Greater and Lesser Mysia the former lay betwixt Phrygia Bythinia the Aegean Sea and Mysia the Less as this latter did betwixt Troas and the Hellespont Now wholly contained in Natolia and under the Turks It s principal ancient Cities were Pergamus Trajanopolis Adramyttios Cyzicus Lampsacus c. N O. NAB Nabus a River of Nortgow which ariseth out of the Mountains of Sultzberg near the Fountains of the Main and flowing Northward through Nortgow or the Vpper Palatinate is increased by several smaller Rivers at last ends in the Danube a little above Ratisbone Nabathaei an ancient people of the Stony Arabia descended in the judgment of Isidore from Nabath the Son of Ismael Their Country was bounded by Arabia Deserta on the East Palestine on the South and Arabia Foelix on the North. Their Capital City Petra Being the same people who as Josephus writes were defeated once in a great Fight by Paulus Gabinius sometime Governour of Syria Nadder a River of Wiltshire joining with the Willy at Wilton near Salisbury and there falling into the Avon Nadin a Fortress in the County of Zara in Dalmatta taken from the Venetians by Solyman II. but since retaken by them and kept Naerdem or Narden Nardenum a strong Town in Goeland whereof it is the Capital in Holland upon the Zuyder Sea almost four German Miles from Amsterdam to the East In 1572. suprised and much defaced by the Spaniards In 1672. it fell into the hands of the French but being recovered is now very strongly refortified Nagaia the Kingdom of Astracan in Tartaria Deserta in the Czar's Dominions Some describe it to be a Kingdom or a Hord of Tartars there distinct from Astracan Nagera Nagara a City in Old Castile in the Province of Rusconia by a River of the same name once a Bishops See now translated to Calzada yet honoured with the Title of a Dukedom This City lies thirty Spanish Leagues from Saragoza to the
Ovembromma in the Province of Ago which casts up the Waters very high the Well being twelve days Journey from Gouthar the Capital of Aethiopia These Waters running Northwards pass by seven Cataracts before they enter into Egypt and he saith there are no Mountains near its Head by three weeks journey If the River doth not rise sixteen foot a Famine follows for want of Water if it swells to twenty four there is a Dearth because the Seed time is lost The Abyssines entitle the Nile the Father of Rivers Nimmeghen Noviomagum a City of the Low Countries mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary called now by the Inhabitants Nimeguen by the French Nimegue by the Spaniards Nimega It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Guelderland under the Vnited Provinces seated upon the Wael between the Rhine and the Maez two Leagues from Arnheim to the South six from Vtrecht to the East three from Cleves to the West and twenty from Cologn to the same Anciently a Free Imperial City but afterwards exempt and subject to the Dukes of Guelderland being Mortgaged to one of them by William Earl of Holland who was then chosen Emperor of Germany About the Year 1585 this City was much inclined to the Interest of the Roman Catholick Religion In the Year 1589 the Hollanders endeavoured without any good success to reduce it when Skenkius their General was drowned in the Wael In the Year 1591 Prince Maurice took it after a sharp Siege In the Year 1672 it was taken by the French the only Town in all those Provinces which fought for its Liberty the year after the French deserted it In 1678 there was a Peace agreed here between the French and the Spaniards In the Year 1679 between the Germans and the French This City is said to have been first built by the Catti and the Castle by Julian the Apostate whilst he was in France Charles the Great built here a Noble Palace which together with this City was burnt by the Normans The Germans prevailing against the Normans rebuilt the City and gave it many Privileges several of the Emperors residing in it till at last it was mortgaged to Otho Duke of Guelderland and became the Capital of that Dukedom Ningive Ningiva a City in the Province of Leotunin in China Baudrand Ningque Ningqua a City in the Province of Nankin in China Ninive Ninus an ancient and most celebrated City of Assyria mentioned in the Sacred and Profane Stories Built by Ashur the second Son of Shem according to Josephus and the vulgar translation of Gen. 10. 11. But Bochartus transposes that verse and endeavours to prove that Nimrod was its Founder going forth out of the Land of Ashur Others say Ninus built or at least augmented it and gave it his own name Diodorus Siculus has left us a stately description of it In the time of Jonas we read it was an exceeding great City of three days journey Jon. 2. 3. that is in St. Jerom's construction in circuit The Prophets foretold its destruction which accordingly happened under Merodach and Nebuchadonosar Kings of Assyria It lies now in Ruins Out of it is sprung a new City called Mosul built on the other side of the Tigris which is under the Turks an hundred Miles from Bagat to the North. Ninove Niniva a small City in Flanders in the County of Alost not above two Leagues from Alost to the South in the middle between Brussels to the East and Oudenarde to the West Niort Noverogus a Town in Poictou thirteen Leagues from Rochelle to the North-East Niphates the ancient name of that part of the Mountain Taurus which runs betwixt Armenia and Mesopotamia Now called Curdo It gives source to a River of the same name passing through the same Countries to fall in the Tigris Niphonia or Niphon a great Island belonging to Japan the principal Province of that Empire in which are Jedo and Meaco the Royal Cities where the King resides It is divided into five Territories or Provinces Jamaisoit Jetsegen Jesten Ochio and Quanto being about sixty Leagues in Circuit Nisa Nyssa a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See Long. 59. 10. Lat. 40. 50. Nisibin Nisibis the principal City of Mesopotamia of great Antiquity mentioned by Pliny and Strabo It is now an Archbishops See and the Capital of Diarbeck under the Turks It stands upon the River Zaba which falls into the Tigris under Mount Taurus thirty five Miles from the Tigris to the West fifty from Amida to the South and seventy five from Taurus to the South-West In 1338. Sapores King of Persia besieg'd it in vain Nisi Coron a City in the Morea Nisi Nysa a City of Armenia the Lesser and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Caesarea from which it stands sixty Miles to the East Long. 66. 30. Lat. 40. 20. Nisi Enisis a small River on the East of Sicily which falls into the Sea between Messina to the North and Cap di S. Alescio to the South by the Town of Scaletta Nisita Nesis an Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea upon the Coast of the Terra di Lavoro in Italy three Miles from Pozzuoli Nismes Nimes Nemausium Volcarum Arecomicorum Nemausus a City of France in the Lower Languedoc which was a Roman Colony of great Antiquity now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbone in which there is an Amphitheatre very perfect and many other Roman Antiquities it is now in a flourishing State in the middle between Avignon to the East and Montpellier to the West seven Leagues from either This City was in the late Civil Wars one of the Bulwarks of the Huguenots hath had its Counts and Viscounts and in ancient times some Synods have been assembled at it Long 25. 05. Lat. 43. 6. Nisau Nissa Nisi Naisum one of the principal Cities of Servia seated upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Morava fifteen German Miles from Scopia to the North and twelve from Giustandil to the West and forty two from Thessalonica to the North-West On September 24. 1689 the Imperialists defeated entirely an Army of forty thousand Turks near this place and the next day took possession of it without any Opposition Again September 1690 the Turks recovered it from the Imperialists after a three weeks Attack Nitheâ—dale Nithia a County in the South of Scotland near the Borders of England which has Cluydesdale on the North Anandale on the East Solway Fyrth on the South and Galloway on the West The River Nyth which denominates it runs through it It s Capital Town is Dunfreis Nitracht or Neytracht Nitria a City of the Vpper Hungary which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran and stands upon a small River of the same Name Ten German Miles from Presburgh to the East the same distance from Gran to the North and five from Newhausel to the same It is the Capital of a small County of the same Name and in
is a Province of Germany in the Circle of the Rhine called by the Germans Nider Pfaltzische Landt under the Electoral Prince who has his Title from it The Rhine divides it into two unequal parts on the North it is bounded by the Bishoprick of Mentâ— and in part on the East the rest of that side is inclosed by Gerawer on the South it has the Lower Aâ—satia on the West the Bishoprick of Trier and the Dukedom of Bipont This Country is now divided into thirteen Bailywicks The chief Towns of it are Heydelberg Manheim Franckenthall Oppenheim Kaisers-Lautern and Creutznach These Countries or at least a part of them have been enjoyed by the Palatinate Family ever since 1195. Palazzulo Herbessus a City of Sicily twenty Miles from Syracuse to the West and sixteen from Lentini to the South Palencia Palantia Pallantia Palentia in Vacexis a City of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain with a Bishop's See heretofore under the Archbishop of Toledo now of Burgos Mela Livy Strabo c. often mention it In 1388. a Council was celebrated here under Pope Clement VII It has been in former times a strong and considerable Plâ—ce but in that part of its Character it is deficient now Palermo Panormus a City in the Valley of Mazara in the Island of Sicily which is an Archbishop's See and the present Metropolis of that Kingdom It is great populous and rich built by the Phoenicians before the Greeks entered this Island Under Roger Earl of Sicily it became the Capital of the Island It is pleasantly seated on the North-West Shoar at the mouth of the River Olestis where it hath a Port four Miles from Montreal to the North and fourteen from Messina to the South-West Baudrand saith the French beat the Dutch and Spaniards near this City June 2. 1676. Palestina Palaestina a small but celebrated and noble Country in Asia extended from North to South between Syria to the North the Desarts of Arabia to the East the Stony Arabia to the South and the Mediterranean Sea to the West This was that spot of Ground allotted by God to his own People the Children of Israel and divided at first into twelve Tribes About the time of our Saviour's Birth it was divided into six Provinces Now commonly called the Holy Land and in the Hands of the Turks ever since the year 1517. See Jerusalem Palestrina Praeneste Polystephanos a City of Latium in Italy of great Antiquity of a Colony made a Municipium by Augustus It is in Campagna di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope twenty two Miles from Rome to the South-East Of old it stood upon a high Hill where the Castle is now but also built down as far as the Plains This ancient City was pulled down by Pope Boniface VIII and rebuilt in the Plain upon the River Vetesis it is a Bishop's See which belongs to one of the six Senior Cardinals and a Dukedom born by the Family of Barberini Suaresius a French Man has published a particular account of it In the Roman times it had standing in it a Temple dedicated to Fortune and much resorted to upon the account of Lots Many of the Ruins thereof are yet apparent Palicenus a Fountain near the City Catania in the Island of Sicily where the Romans sacrificed to the Dii Palisci Palimban a City in the Island of Sumatra in the East-Indies Palmela a Town near Sâ—â—uval in Portugal Palma la Pova a strong and fortified City in Friuli in Italy under the Dominion of the States of Venice built by them in the Year 1593 in the Confines of their Territories and those of Austria eleven Miles from the Shoars of the Venetian Gulph and fifteen from Goritia to the North-West Dr. Brown who saw this place saith It is the largest Regular Fortification I have seen having nine Bastions bearing the Names of so many noble Venetians The Ditch is thirty paces broad twelve deep and is kept dry in order to make the place the more healthful but it may be filled upon occasion It has three Gates and about an hundred Cannon always mounted and there are many more upon occasion In the Centre of the Town there is a Well and over it is fixed a Standard The Venetians believe this the strongest Fortification in the World But the Doctor wisheth they may never know a Compleat Turkish Army before it when they are in no good condition to relieve it Travels pag. 84 85. Palma or la Palma one of the Canary Islands in the Atlantick Ocean twenty six Leagues in compass Conquered by the Spaniards in 1491 and now well inhabited The principal Town of it is Santa Cruz de la Palma There is a Volcanoe Mountain in this Island which in Nov. 1677. raged with a mighty vehemence accompanied with Thunder Earthquakes and Rivers of Fire Palma the same with Zadaon La Cividad di las Palmas Palmarum Civitas the principal City of the Island of Canaria which has an Harbor on the Atlantick Ocean and is placed on the East side of the Island Sometime called Canaria but Palmas is its true Name and it is under the Spaniards Palmyra an ancient City of Syria near the Arabia deserta the Capital heretofore of the Kingdom and Country of the Palmyreni and the See of an Archbishop The Emperor Adrian augmented it and called it Adrianople Some now give it the name of Amegara and others Faid Palipoli Celendris a City of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleâ—cia and has a tolerable Haven Palos de Moguer Palus a small Town in Andaluzia at the mouth of the River Odiel Luxia or Tinto as Baudrand explains the Latin Name in another place upon the Bay of Cadiz fifteen Leagues from Sevil to the West and nine from the Mouth of the Guadiana to the East in a declining State From this Town Columbus set Sail in 1492 when he went to discover America Palotta Paloda a Town in the Lower Hungary in the County of Alba Regalis near the Confines of Austria and about three Miles from Alba Regalis to the North which was in the Hands of the Turks till 1687. And then taken by the Imperial Forces after the Battel of Mohatz Palus Maeotis a great Gulph or Marsh made by the Euxine Sea betwixt Europe and Asia having the Crim Tartary on the West Sarmatia Europaea or Moscovia to the North and Circassia to the North and East About six hundred Miles in Circuit and passable in some places by boats Now called Limen the Sea of Zabache and the Sea of Tana See Limen Pamiers Pamiae Apamiae Epaunum Fredelacum a City in the County de Foix which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by the Institution of Pope Boniface VIII having been heretofore a part of the Diocese of Tolouse It stands near the River Ariege three Leagues from Foix to the North and nine from Tolouse A late Bishop of this Diocese has made it
much taken notice of by his opposing the present King of France in the Business of the Regalia The Counts of Carcassone built it an Abbey in the eighth Century which in 1296. Pope Boniface erected into the aforesaid Bishoprick This See was at first a Suffragan to the Archiepiscopal Throne of Narbon till Pope John XXII made Tolouse an Archbishoprick and then it became subject to Tolouse Pope Benedict XII was a Bishop of Pamiers Pampelune or Pamplona Pampelona Pompelo Pompelon the Capital of the Kingdom of Navarr supposed to be built by Pompey the Great or rather perhaps rebuilt and from him called Pompejopolis It stands upon the River Arga called by the Natives in their proper Tongue Iruna that is the Good Town in a fruitful Valley surrounded on all sides with aspiring Hills and Mountains twenty French Leagues from Bayonne to the South and forty from Saragosa to the North. Taken by Charlemaigne in 778. in his Passage into Spain This was the Seat of the Kings of Navarr till in the year 1512 it fell into the Hands of the Spaniards Philip II. built a Cittadel in it to secure his Possession It is also a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Burgos since the time of Pope Gregory XIII having been heretofore under the Archbishop of Saragoza by the Institution of Pope John XXII Some private Synods have been held here Long. 19. 50. Lat. 43. 58. Pamphylia a Province of the ancient Asia Minor now included in Caraman and called Settalia It s principal Cities were heretoâ—ore Perga Aspendus and Attalia See Settalia Panama a City and Sea-Port in South America of great Fame and Resort in the Province called Terra Firma on the Shoars of the South Sea seated in an unhealthful Air. It was built by Petrus Ario in the year 1515. for the Reception of the Effects brought from Peru as Nombre de Dios was on the opposite side of the Isthmus for those brought from Spain Soon after honoured with the Birth of a modern Saint called Rose of Panama whose Sanctity was so conspicuous that the Gnats and Flies in her Cell observed and reverenced it as Father Oliva the late General of the Jesuits informs us in her Life But alas this Saint has not been able to protect the Town from another sort of Flies for January 25. 1671. it was taken and plundered by the French and in 1686. by Captain Lawrence a Buccaneer The City though small and built of Wood only is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima eighteen Leagues from the North-Sea Long. 294. 30. Lat. 8. 30. § The Isthmus or Streight of Panama is a Neck of Land eighteen Leagues over from East to West by which the Northern and Southern America are tacked together Panaro-Scultenna a River of Italy which arising from the Apennine in the Territory of Frignana in the Dukedom of Modena and being called at first Scultenna after it has taken in the Dardagna and some others takes the Name of Panaro and dividing Modena from Bononia twelve Miles above Ferrari falls into the Po. Panarucan a City in the Isle of Java in the East-Indies by the Streights of Balambuan thirty Miles from Passarvan to the East and forty five from Balambuan to the North on the East Side of the Island It is the Capital of a small Kingdom there Near it stands a Sulphureous Mountain which in 1586. destroyed above ten thousand persons in a Rupture that hapned to it Pancalieri Pancalerium a small City in Piedmont in Italy upon the Po nine Miles from Turin to the South Pandataria See Sancta Maria. Pandâ—sia an ancient City in the Country of the Brutii in the present Kingdom of Naples in Italy Taken by the Romans at the same time with Consentia Cosenza in Calabria according to Livy and more especially remarkable for the ruin of Alexander King of Epirus here into which he was deceived by an Oracle The Town Castel Franco is supposed to stand now near the remains of this City Paniza a River in Bulgaria which falls into the Euxine Sea four German Miles North of Mesember and about five from the Borders of Thrace In Latin Panyasus Pannonia a great Country in the ancient Division of Europe comprehended betwixt Illyricum the Danube and the Mountains Cethi It was disposed into two parts called Prima secunda Consularis or the Vpper and Lower Pannonia The prima Consularis or Vpper Pannonia lay Westward containing the modern Provinces of Stiria Carniola Carinthia Croatia VVindisch-Marck and the greatest part of Austria The other to the East where are now Bosnia Sclavonia and Hungary as much as is enclosed betwixt the Danube the Raab and the Drave There was also Pannonia Riparia and Valeria The first made a part of the present Sclavonia and Bosnia the second of Stiria This Country first beheld the Roman Arms under Julius Caesar After him Tiberius rendered it Tributary next the Goths Hunns and other Barbarians possessed themselvs of it It s most celebrated ancient Cities were Sigesta or Siscia now Sisseg Petavium Pettaw Nauportus Labach Vindobona Vienna Sirmium Sirmish Taurum VVeissenbourg c. It s ancient Inhabitants were a Nation of the Celtick Gaules Panormâ— Panormus a Sea-Port in Epirus Pantiro the same with Heraclia Panuco a City and Province of New Spain in America The Province lies upon the Gulph of Mexico towards New Biscay within the Prefecture of Mexico The City its Capital is otherwise called S. Estevan del puerto Paoking or Pooking a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China at the foot of Mount Lungus Paola a Town in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria where S. Francis de Paola the Founder of the Order of the Minimes was born Paoning Paoganum a great City in the Province of Suchem in the Kingdom of China upon the River Kialing Paoting Paotinga another great City in the Province of Suchem in the Kingdom of China upon the River Kialing Papa a small but very strong City of the Lower Hungury upon the River Marchaltz in the County of Vesprin in the middle between Javarin to the North and Vesprin to the South scarce three Hungarian Miles from the Turkish Conquests This Town in the year 1683. with Dotis Vesprim and â—â—ewentz yielded to Count Teckely But after the raising the Siege of Vienna they returned under the Obedience of the Emperour Papalopaâ— a River in New Spain in the Province of Guaxaca which is called also the River of Alvarad and is the biggest in that Province It ariseth from the Mountains of Zonoholiuchan and receiving Quiyoâ—epec Huitzilan Câ—inantha Quauhquet-Zpaltâ—pec 〈◊〉 and Teyâ—ciyucan falls into the North Sea Paphlagonia an ancient Country or Province of the Lesser Asia betwixt Galatia and the Euxine Sea extended along the Coast now called Flagania Bolli and Roni It s principal Cities in those days of Antiquity were Sinope and Theuthrania Paphos a celebrated ancient City in the Island of Cyprus where Venus had a Temple in her honour
in cold Blood and in a time of Peace In 1588 the Inhabitants became almost as infamous by the Baracades against Henry III whereby the Life of that Prince was indangered and he driven out of his Royal Palace by a Seditious Subject who made himself the Head of a Faction under the Pretence of Preserving the Religion of his Country In 1589 Henry III. was stabbed by James Clement a Dominican Fryar under the Walls of Paris just as he was upon the point of revenging the Insolence of the Baracades The year 1590 was no less miserable this City being by a Siege reduced by Henry IV. to so dreadful a Famine as is scarce any where else to be read of In the year 1610 the same Streets were stained with the Blood of Henry IV. slain by Râ—villac another Enthusiastick Monk on the same Pretence that his Predecessor was In the year 1649 they suffered the Calamities of another Siege and were forced to comply with the Queen Mother of France by Famine In the year 1622 at the request of King Lewis XIII Pope Gregory XV. raised the Bishop of Paris to the Honour of an Archbishop with three Suffragans under him the Bishops of Chartres Meaux and Orleans In 1674 the Diguity of a Dukedom and Peerdom was added to the Archbishoprick by the present King Lewis XIV This great City is seated on the Seyne forty five Leagues from the British Sea Long. 23. 20. Lat. 48. 38. Charles V. Emperor others write Sigismond used to say he had seen in France one Village Poictiers one City Orleans and one World Paris The City-Walls have eight Gates those of the University nine The Houses are computed to about fifty thousand there is a great number of Hospitals Abbeys Monasteries Ecclesiastical Seminaries Churches and Palaces amongst which latter the Louvre obtainâ— the Preeminence begun by King Philip the August in 1214 and since by times gloriously enlarged and adorned by Charles V. Francis I. Henry II. Charles IX Henry IV. Lewis XIII and XIV Many Councils have been celebrated here whereof the eldest and one of the most remarkable is that about the year 362 against the Arrians held by S. Hilary Bishop of Poictiers The Territory about this City has the name of Parisis reaching heretofore as far as to Pontoise one way and to Claye towards la Brie another And our Author reports that the Villages and Castles in the space of ten Leagues round amount to the number of ten thousand Parita a Town of New Spain with an Harbour on the South Sea in the Province of Veragna which gives Name to the Bay on which it stands Parma a River of Lombardy in Italy which springeth out of the Appennine in the Borders of the States of Genoua towards Pontremali and running North through the Dukedom of Parma watereth the Capital City of it and ten Miles lower falls into the Po. Parma a City and Colony of the Boii as it is called by Strabo and Pliny now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Balogna having been under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands upon a River of the same Name in a fruitful and well watered Country ten Miles from the Po to the South thirty five from Modena to the East and from Pidcenza to the West A great rich populous City adorned with a strong Castle and a Noble Palace in which the Duke of Parma resides In the year 1599 there was an University opened here The Emperor Frederick Barberousse besieged this City two years together without success It is about three Miles in compass Has an Academy of the Ingenious settled in it called Gli innominati and in 1602 there was a Synod assembled here The Dukedom of Parma Parmensis Ditio Lo Stato del Duca di Parma or il Parmegiano is a part of Lombardy bounded on the North and West by the Dukedom of Milan on the East by that of Modena and on the South by the States of Genoua The Dukedom of Piacenza the Val di Taro and the Estates di Busseto are contained in the Estates of this Duke The principal Cities in it are Parma Borgo S. Donino Fiorenzuola Piaenza and Briscello This Dukedom was erected by Pope Paul III. in in favour of Peter Lewis Farnese his Son whom the Emperor Charles V. disturbed in the Possession thereof for some time in the year 1545. called before his Elevation Alexander Farnese Parnassus a celebrated Mountain in Phocis in Achaia now Livadia consecrated to Apollo and the Muses near to Citheron and Helicon It is now called by the Inhabitants Liacoura about twelve English Miles from the Gulph of Lepanto to the North between Leucadia to the East and Delphi to the West fifty Miles from Corinth to the North-West § There â—has also been in Cappadocia in Asia Minor an Episcopal City of this Name Parnaw Parnavia a City in Livonia subject to the Crown of Sweden in the Province of Esthonia seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name upon the Bay of Riga fifty five Miles from Revel to the South and from Riga to the North. The Maps place it twenty German Miles from each of them It is little but well fortified has a Castle and an Haven It belonged at first to the Poles but in the last Century was often taken and retaken till 1617 the Swedes finally possessed themselves of it and have kept it ever since Long. 46. 00. Lat. 57. 20. There belongs to it a small Territory or District called by the Poles Woiewodz two Parnawskie which together with the Town is now in the Hands of the Swedes Paropamisus Paropanisus and Paropanissadae a Country and People of the ancient Persia which lay betwixt Bactriana Aria India and Arachosia Ptolemy calls them by divers Names and makes them an extremely savage People Curtius adds they had no Communication with other Nations and that Alexander's Army suffered very much in their Country which was cold and barren It is placed by Moderns in part in the Province of Candahar in Persia and in part in that of Cabul in the East-Indies § A Mountain in this Country did anciently bear the same Name which the Writers of Alexander's Life miscall Caucasus Paros Paro or Pario one of the Islands Cyclades in the Aegean Sea which hath been in all times of paricular Renown for its White Marble The Ancients give it the several Names of Demetrias Pactya Minoa c. It was heretofore in the Possession of the Venetians and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes But in 1470 the Turks became Masters of it Parret a River in Somersetshire the most considerable next to the Avon in the whole County Bridgewater South-Petherton and Crokehorn stand upon it and Longport near it Parshore or Pershore a great Thorough-fare Market Town in Worcestershire upon the River Avon which it covers with a Bridge The Capital of its Hundred Enriched heretofore with an Abbey Parthenai Partheniacum a City in Poictou in France upon the River Tove in the
Heydelberg to the South and six from Spire This belongs now to the Family of Durlach but was heretofore under the Duke of Wurtembergh Pharia See Lesina â—haris an ancient City of Laconia in the Peloponnesus where there stood in the times of the Heathens an Oraculous Statue of Mercury much consulted and admired together with another of the Goddess Vesta Pharmacusa a small Island of the Aegean Sea towards the Province of Ionia in Asia the Less now called Fermaco Julius Caesar here fell into the hands of Pyrates and Attalus a King of Pergamus was killed Pharos a small Island at the Entrance of the Port of Alexandria in Egypt about a Mile distant from Alexandria to which it is now connected by a long Bank Alexander the Great not succeeding in his Attempt to build a City here because of the streightness of the Place thereupon founded Alexandria upon the Continent over against it But it became afterwards extraordinarily famous by the Light Tower erected upon it in the year of Rome 470. and the 124. Olymp. by Ptolemeus Philadelphus King of Egypt A Tower of so prodigious a Mass and Structure of the Contrivance of the great Architect Sostratus Cnidius as to be esteemed one of the Wonders of the World Ptolemy bestowed eight hundred Talents in the building of it Statius mentions it with the Elogium of Lumina Noctivagae tollit Pharos aemula Lunae It gave Light into the Sea a very great space Was dedicated in an Inscription to the Gods the Conservators of Sailors and all the like Light Towers since have been called Phari from it Pharsalus See Farsa above Only let it be added that this City since Christianity was first a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Larissa and afterwards an Archbishop's under the Patriarch of Constantinople Phaselis See Fionda Phasis a River of the Province of Mengrelia in Georgia It ariseth from a part of the Mountain Caucasus and passing by Cotatis the Capital of the Kingdom of Imiretta and the City Phasis in Mengrelia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trebisonda it runs to discharge it self into the Black Sea where its Mouth is above half a League in breadth and sixty Fathom depth Upon this River Amurath III. his Fleet of Galleys employed to make a Conquest of the North and East Coasts of the Black Sea was surprized and defeated by the King of Imiretta Towards the Mouth of it stand divers agreeable little Islands covered with Wood. The principal of them had a Fortress built upon it by the Turks in 1578 which in 1640. the King of Imiretta assisted with the Princes of Mengrelia and Guriel took and demolished carrying away thence twenty five Pieces of Cannon to Cotatis The antient Historians speak of a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Rhea upon an Island of the Phasis But we see no remains thereof at this day as neither of the City Sebaste placed at the mouth of the Phasis by the antient Geographers In the beginning of this Rivers course it is very impetuous but having gained the Plain it runs so smoothly and its Waters are so light that they swim it s said above the Euxine for some considerable Space Now called Fachs and Fasso Phazzeth Phasis the Capital of Mengrelia a City of great antiquity mentioned by Pliny and Strabo It stands upon the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of a River of the same name and was heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trebesonde Sir John Chardin who entered this River and took great pains to find this City could not find the least remainder or token of the City he saith the Channel of the River is at its fall into the Sea a Mile and half broad and sixty Fathom deep called by the Turks Fachs by the Mengrelians Rione and that it ariseth out of Mount Caucasus See Phasis Pheneum an ancient City of Arcadia in the Peloponnesus at the foot of the Mountain Cyllene which heretofore disputed the Preheminence with Tegea the Capital of the Country It stood near a Lake of the same name the different Qualities whereof in the Night and in the Day are thus described by Ovid Metham 15. Est locus Arcadiae Pheneum dixere priores Ambiguis suspectus aquis has nocte timeto Nocte nocent potae sine noxa luce bibuntur Phictiaid Picti the most ancient Inhabitants of Scotland who lived in that Kingdom when the Romans Conquered Britain and by their Inroads upon the Britains after the Romans withdrew occasioned the calling in the Saxons See Picti Phidari Euenus a River of Aetolia which riseth out of Mount Callidromus and pursues its course Southward to the Ionian Sea which it entereth not far from the Gulph of Corinth or Lepanto Philadelphia See Filadelphia in Lydia § The Antients mention a second in Cilicia a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia and a third in Coelesyria a Bishops See likewise under the Archb. of Bussereth But there have been Alterations in those Sees in following times The latter Place according to S. Jerom should be the same with the Hebrew Rabath or the modern Petra in the Stony Arabia Civtad del Re Philippe a Town built by the Spaniards in 1585. in South America purposely to preclude the passage into the Streights of Magellan from the English and Dutch Since ruined by the Indians and the place called Porto Famine Philippeville a Town in Hainault of great strength fortified by Mary Queen of Hungary Governess of the Low Countries in 1555 and so named from Philip II. King of Spain by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1660. granted to the French It stands thirteen Miles from Brussels seven from Namur and ten from Mons. The Philippine Islands Philippinae called also the Islands of Lusson and les Manilhes from the principal of them are a knot of Islands belonging to Asia which took this name from Philip II King of Spain in whose times in 1549. they were viewed and carefully observed by Ruy Lupo a Spaniard Some apprehend them to be the Barussae of Ptolemy In 1564. Michael Lupo another Spaniard was sent to people and reduce them They lie between China to the North and the Molucco Islands to the South between thirteen and fourteen degr of Northern Latitude The exact number of them is not known but they are supposed to be above ten thousand the greatest of them is Manilia or Luconia The Spaniards were once Masters of the greatest part of these Islands and built some considerable Cities in them but their Affairs growing less prosperous in Europe and the Dutch East-India Company having ruined their Trade here many of them have defected from the Spaniards who have been forced to leave others so that they do with some difficulty keep their possession in the Island of Manilia the greatest and most Northern of them the Seat of the Governour and a Bishop These Islands were at first subject to the King of China who abandoned them about 1520. First discovered by Ferdinando Magellanes
worthy of remembrance for its withstanding the repeated furious Assaults of the Turks in the Siege in 1480. Long. 58. 00. Lat. 37. 50. Rhodope See Rulla Rhoetia This ancient Country which some denominate the Western Illyricum was of that extent as to comprehend a part of what we now call the Circles of Schwaben Bavaria and Austria in Germany the Country of the Grisons and something of Switzerland Of which the Grisons who are more properly called the Alpine Rhoetians are the only People at this day retaining the memory of its Name where as one remarks of their Country you have Mountains of Pride and Valleys of Misery See Grisons Rhosne Rodanus one of the most celebrated Rivers in France called by the Germans Der Rogen by the Fronch Rhosne It ariseth from a double Spring in Mount de la Fourch in the Borders of Switzerland two German Miles from the Springs of the Rhein And running Westward through Vallais or Wallisserland it divides that Tract watering Sion or Sitten and Martinach the principal Places in it then entering the Lake of Lemane it divides Savoy from Switzerland five Leagues beneath Geneva saith Baudrand it burieth it self for some time in the Earth as I have often seen Then turning South and dividing Savoy from Bugey at Bellay it becomes great enough to bear a Boat then turning West and dividing Dauphiné from Bugey at la Bresse it entertains the Ain at Lyons it is covered by a Bridge of Stone and improved by the Addition of the Saone a great River here turning South it parts Lyonnis from Dauphiné watereth Vienne and Condrieu divides the Viverais from Dauphiné and salutes Andasse at S. Vallier over against Tournon receives the Isere above Valence beneath it the Erico the Drome and the Ardosche at S. Esprit it is again covered by a noble Stone Bridge so dividing Languedoc from Provence and encreased by the Sorgue it watereth Avignon where there is a third Bridge then receiving in the Durance and the Gardon and watering Beaucaire at Arles it divides into two Branches The Western Branch divides into two more at last it falls into the Mediterrantan Sea by five Mouths each of which has its proper Name to wit Gras du Midi Gras de Paulet Gras d' Enfer Grand Gras and Gras de Passon Some adding thereto Gras Neuf Which Word Gras is understood to be taken from Antoninus's Gradus where he speaks of the Entrance of the Rhosne into the Ocean But there is no Town built upon any of them of any note beneath Arles which stands about eight Miles into the Land This is a rapid River Rian Abravanus a Lake and River in the South-West of Galloway in Scotland of which Cambden saith that they are exceeding full of Herrings and Stone-Fishes Richelieu Richelaeum a City in the Province of Poictou built by the Cardinal of that Name who was born here in 1585 and for some time under Lewis XIII of France governed that Kingdom as he pleased Amongst other of his Actions he built or rebuilt at least this place to perpetuate the Memory of his Name and Family and procured it to be honoured with the Title of a Dukedom It stands four Miles from London to the East five from Mirebeau and one from Tours to the North-West Now in a flourishing State Richensée Verbigenus a Lake in the Canton of Argow in Switzerland Richmond a Town and County in Yorkshire lying on the North West of that County towards Lancashire which bounds it on the West It is a mountainous and desolate Place yet produceth Grass in reasonable quantity This County took its Name from Richmond a Town built by Alane Earl of Bretagne in France the first Earl of this County after the Conquest Nephew to William the Conqueror upon the River Swale over which it hath a Stone Bridge thirty two Miles from York to the North-West and twenty from the Sea to the South-West The Town is indifferently well frequented and populous It was anciently walled and fortified with a Castle by the said Alane for the greater security of these Parts against the English the Gates are still standing but in the midst of the Town its Situation being shifted Before it was thus rebuilt it was called Gilling Oswy King of Northumberland was basely murthered here in 659 ever after reputed a Martyr It is now a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons and containing two Parish Churches in the Hundred of Gillingwest Long. 18. 15. Lat. 55. 17. This Earldom continued in that Family till 1171 when it came to Geofrey Plantagenet the fourth Son of K. Henry II. by the Marriage of Constance Daughter of Conan Duke of Bretagne In 1230. Peter de Dreux was Earl of Richmond one of whose Descendents John de Montford was created Duke of Richmond in 1330 the sixteenth Earl and first Duke to whom in 1342. succeeded John of Gaunt afterwards Duke of Lancaster The twenty second Earl of Richmond was Henry VII King of England The twenty third was Henry Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Henry VIII The twenty fourth was Lewis Duke of Lenox created Earl of Richmond by King James I. in 1613 and Duke of the same in 1623. Which Family ended in Charles the fourth of that Line who died without Issue Ambassador in Denmark in 1672. In 1675 Charles Lenox was created Duke of Richmond by Charles the Second his Natural Father by the Dutchess of Portsmouth Richmont a Place in Saintonge in France Richmond a Town in Surrey upon the Thames between Kingston and London heretofore called Shene but by Henry VII named Richmond There is an ancient Palace or Royal House in it belonging to the Kings of England in which Edward III. died in 1377. Henry the Seventh rebuilt this Pile twice it being burnt in his Reign and afterwards he died here April 22. 1409. Also Queen Elizabeth of blessed Memory left this World in this place March 24. 1602. And before her Ann Daughter to the Emperor Charles V. and Wife to King Richard II esteemed a very beautiful Lady The Civil Wars in the Reign of King Charles I. left some of its effects upon this Palace This Town stands pleasantly and healthfully upon an easie Ascent fair large well built and well inhabited in the Hundred of Kingston Rickmansworth a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio near the River Coln Ries or Riez Rejus Rejensis Civitas Albecum Rejorum Apollinarium Colonia Rejorum Civitas Regiensium Rogium a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aix from which it stands twelve Miles to the North-East and six from Davignan to the North-West eight from Sisteron to the South little but populous built on a Hill by the River Auvestre which falls into the Verdon S. Hilary Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 439 in which Armentarius Bishop of Ambrun ordained by two Bishops only without the Authority of the Metropolitan was therefore
entered upon the See by the Regal Authority against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Prâ—secution from the Crown Saintonge or Xaintonge Santonia a great and fruitful Province of France bounded on the North by Poictou on the East by Angoumois on the South by the Garonne which separates it from Guienne and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain This was the Seat of the Santones an ancient Nation of the Galls its Capital is Saintes the other Cities of Note are Brouges S. Jean de Angely and Taillebourg The Rivers Garonne Charante Seudre c. water it They make great quantities of Salt in this Province The Romans had their Colonies in it who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here as Martial Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat The same habit towards the Sea Coasts is in use with the common People to this day This Province fell to the Crown of England together with Gascoigne Guienne c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England Sala the same with Saal Salado Salsum a River of Spain in Anddlusia called Guadajox which between Sivil and Corduba falls into the Guadalquivir Salamanca Salmantica a City in Spain called Vrbs Vettonum by Ptolemy and perhaps the same with Polybius his Elmantica it stands in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tormes a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella and an University founded by Alfonsus IX King of Leon in the year 1200 which is one of the most considerable in that Kingdom adorned with noble Schools and a large Library About ten Leagues from Zamora to the South fourteen from the Borders of Portugal to the East and two and twenty from Valladolid to the South-West upon several Hills in a very unequal Situation of a small circuit ill built worse repaired most of the Houses being falling down and besides its Churches Monasteries and Colleges has nothing that deserves Regard Long. 14. 45. Lat. 41. 15. Salamis Salamine an ancient Archiepiscopal City in the Island of Cyprus which boasted of the honour of having its Church founded by the Apostle S. Barnabas whose Body was discovered to lye here in 485. It afterwards took the name of il Porto Costanzo or Constantia The Philosopher Anaxarchus suffered in this City the pounding to death in a mortar by the order of Nicocreon King of Cyprus with a singular constancy It is now utterly ruined Salamis an Island See Coluri Saâ—andra Salandrilla or Aâ—alandra a River in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples passing by Risetto and thence called also Piume di Rosetto to the gulph of Taranto Salawar Zalawar or Zalad a County in the Lower Hungary upon the Borders of Stiria with the Drave to the South and the County of Vesprin to the North. Kanisa stands in this County upon the River Sala But the Capital Town of it bears the same name of Salawar Sale Sala a City ascribed in ancient time by Ptolemy to Mauritania Tingitana seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name on the Shoars of the Kingdom of Fez on the Atlantick Ocean A place of great Trade and has a noble Habor but it is an infamous Nest of Piratâ— It was heretofore a Common-Wealth now under the King of Fez who is Master of the Castle It stands one hundred Miles from Fez to the West and Tangier to the South Almanesor one of the Moorish Kings much beautified it and was after buried in it The Spaniards took it in 1287 who lost it in ten days again in 1632. King Charles I. sent a Fleet against this City which blocked it up by Sea whilst the King of Morocco besieged it by Land and by this means brought it under the Works being levelled and those Rogues Executed for which King Charles had three hundred Christian Captives sent him as a Recompence a Reward worthy of that Holy King Long. 6. 40. Lat. 33. 50. Sale the same with Saal Sale Sala a River in Quercy a Province of France Sale Sala a Province of the Kingdom of Bosnia Salefica Saleucia a City in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch It stands seventy Miles from Tarsus to the West and twelve from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North called by Niger Seleschia Long. 64. Lat. 38. 40. Salentini the ancient Inhabitants of Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Roman times Salerno Salernum Salerna a City in the Kingdom of Naples which was a Roman City and Colony called by Strabo and Livy Vrbs Picentinorum Now an Archbishops See a Principality and the Capital of the Hither Principato It stands upon the River Busanola upon the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a Bay called by its own Name and a safe and large Haven twenty four Miles from Naples to the South-East and thirty from Benevento to the South Long. 38. 44. Lat. 40. 33. This Archbishoprick was founded by Pope Boniface VII in 974. The Body of S. Matthew the Apostle is said to be in this Place Pope Gregory VII died here in 1085. It has a Castle and many Antiquities which are the Remainders of the Roman Works When Naples had distinct Kings the Title of this place belonged to the eldest Son of that Kingdom In the years 1615. and 1579. there were two small Councils held at it Salettes a Carthusian Nunnery of great note and quality upon the frontiers of Dauphine in France toward la Bresse Salfeâ—â—d an Abbey in Thuringia in Germany Salii an ancient People of Provence in France who as we find in Strabo Mela c. extended themselves from about Aix as far as to Nice § There was another Nation of the Salii in the Tract now called Sallant from them in Overyssel in the Low Countries Saline Didyme one of the Liparee Islands belonging to Sicily twelve Miles in circuit and fruitful in Allum Near this place the Dutch received a great Defeat from the French at Sea in 1676. Baudrand The Italians call it Didimo Salino Suinus a River in the Kingdom of Naples which springeth out of the Apâ—â—hine and â—inning through the Further Abruzzo watering Pennâ— a City of that Province and Pescara falls into the Gulph of Venice Salingstede Salinâ—stadium a Town in Franconia upon the Maine four Miles above Franck fort to the East By Charles the Great made a Bishap's See but in 780 this Chair was removed to Hailbâ—une It was then a very great City since become subject to the Bishop of Mentz Salins Salinae a strong City in the Franche Comté upon the River Forica eight Loagues from Dole to the East and fifty eight from Geneva to the North. It is seated in a fruitful Valley betwixt two Mountains called Scoding which has been the reason why this City in the Latin
de Dier Santo Xanthus a City and River in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia it ariseth from Mount Ida and washing the famous City of Troy falls into the Archipelago Called also by the Europeans Il Scamandro as it was Scamander by the Ancients Sanctors the same with Santerre â—ahia de â—oâ—â—s los Santos Sinus omnium Sanctorum a Gulph in Brasil in South America which gives name to a Government or Province there called Capitania de la bahia de todos los Sants betwixt the Province of the Isles Capitania dos Ilheos and that of Seregippe del Roy. The Capital of All Saints is S. Salvador under the Portugueze Santuliet or Sanflit Sanflita a small but strong Town in Brabant upon the Schelde between Antwerp to the South and Bergen op Zoome to the North three Leagues Soane Savo a small River in Campania di Roma in Italy which flowing through the Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea between Sinuessa a ruined City and Volturno Saosne or Saone Arar Savona Sangona a great River in France called by the Italians Sona it ariseth out of Mount Vauge in Lorain near Dornay about twelve Miles from the Fountains of the Moselle to the North-West or as Baudrand saith within five and running Southward through the upper part of Franché Comté it watereth Gray and beneath it takes in the Loughon a great River from the East So it passeth by Auxone to Verdun above which the Doule a great River comes in from the East So passing by Challon Tornus Mascon and Ville Franche it entreth and divideth the City of Lyons and soon after falls into the Rhosne which conveys it into the Mediterranean Sea Some derive its Latin Name Sangona from the Blood of the Christians colouring its Waters at Lyons in the Massacre that was committed upon them there in the Reign of Marcus Aurelius the Emperour Sapienza an Island over against the City Modon in the Morea which gives the name of the Sea of Sapienza to that part of the Mediterranean which watereth its Coasts It was anciently called Spagia or Sphragia The Corsaires of Barbary lye in Ambuscade behind this Island for Vessels that come from the Gulph of Venice or the Coast of Sicily Sara a City of Armenia Major and another of Illyricum remembred in the ancient Geographies Sarabat Hermus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in the Greater Phrygia and receiving the Rivers anciently called Crya Hillus and Pactolus falls into the Bay of Smyrna The Saracens Some deriving the original of this people from Hagar and Ismael call them Hagarenes and Ismaelites Others make them to be descended from Cham and that they were the Inhabitants of the ancient Saraca in Arabia mentioned by Ptolemy and of the Country whereof that City was the Capital It is certain they were an Arabian people and withal that their Name in Arabick signifies Robbers according to the common practice of their lives which they first began to discover in the fifth Century Attaining in the course of time to such an universal puissance as to over-run Syria Persia Palestine Egypt part of Sicily Italy France and most of the Islands of the Mediterranean under Kings of their own and to withstand the united Forces of Christendom in the eleventh and twelfth Ages till the Turks the Caliphs of Egypt and the Sophyes of Persia breaking severally into their Estates the very name of Saracen became abolished only as it is sometimes now applied to Mahometans because the Saracens were Mahometans Saragora Cesar Augusta Vrbs Edetanorum Salduba the Capital City of the Kingdom of Aragon in Spain called by the Inhabitants Zaragosa by the Italians Saragoza It is an Archbishops See of the Creation of Pope John XXII the Seat of the Courts of Justice for that Kingdom of an Inquisition and an University It stands upon the River Ebro which is here covered with a Bridge a little above the Confluence of the Guerva and beneath that of the Xaleon Nonius might justly say of it If the fertility of the Soil the pleasantness of its Site the beauty and elegance of the Buildings of this City be duely considered there can nothing be desired towards the improvement of it which is wanting The Houses are for the most part of Brick the Streets large and open so that for use and beauty it is equal to the best City in Spain It has a strong Wall four Gates a great number of Towers one Cittadel seventeen great Churches fourteen Monasteries and about three Miles in Circuit the Air is very clear and healthful but inclining to too much heat It is a City of great Antiquity having been a Roman Colony and in those times one of the principal Cities in Spain In 381. there was a Council celebrated here in which Priscillianus was condemned who had a great number of followers in Spain There were also other Councils held here in 516. 592. and 691. Prudentius one of the ancientest Christian Latin Poets was a Native of this place who flourished in the fourth Century This City was recovered out of the hands of the Moors in 1118. The Archbishops See was renewed in 1318. It stands forty two Spanish Miles from Valencia to the North twenty six from Pampelune and thirty eight from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Long. 20. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Saragossa See Syracusa Sarbruck or Sarbrucken Sarrae Pons a Town of Germany upon the River Sar in the Borders of the Dukedom of Lorain over against S. Jean Three German Miles from Deux-Pontz and nine from Metz to the East Heretofore an Imperial and Free City of Germany but fell afterwards under the Duke of Lorain and now in the hands of the French although not great yet it is a fine Town of great antiquity being mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary Sarcelle Rusicibar an ancient Town of Mauritania Caesariensis mentioned by Ptolemy and Antoninus and now in the Kingdom of Argier in Barbary Twenty eight Miles from the Capital of that Kingdom to the West It is a considerable Town has a large Haven on the Mediterranean Sea and a Castle Sarch Assyria a Province of Asia under the Turks See Assyria Sardinia Sandalioris Ichnusa a great Island in the Mediterranean Sea called by the Inhabitants Sardenna by the Spaniards Sardegna and by other Nations Sardinia In length from North to South one hundred and seventy Miles in breadth from East to West ninety in circuit five hundred It has eleven Harbours ninety four Watch-Towers to preserve it from the Turkish Pirats and in the Roman times it had forty two Cities in the former Ages of Christianity eighteen Episcopal ones which are now reduced to eight The first Nation that became Masters of it were the Carthaginians from whom it was taken by the Romans in the first Punick War about the year of Rome 493. two hundred fifty seven years before the Birth of our Saviour In the Fall of the Roman
men The Buildings are ancient the Inhabitants grave It stands in a Marsh which makes it less healthful though it affords the City a great plenty of all things The Cathedral Church of S. Luke that is there now was heretofore the Temple of Diana Long. 39. 24. Lat. 36. 24. Syria a vast Country in the Greater Asia called by the Jews Aram or Charam When it is largely taken it contains Phoenicia Palestine or the Holy Land and Syria properly so called In the latter Acceptation it is bounded to the North by Cilicia and the lesser Armenia on the East by Mesopotamia divided from it by the Euphrates and Arabia Deserta on the South it has Palestine and Phoenicia and on the West the Mediterranean Sea Now called by the Inhabitants Souristan by the French Sourie by the Italians Soria It s length from North to South four hundred from East to West it is in breadth two hundred Italian Miles In very ancient Times Damascus was the capital City in the middle times Antioch now Aleppo This Country is by Nature extremely Fruitful and once as Populous but now almost desolate As to the Story of it N. Damascenus mentions one Adadus slain by David King of Israel after whom there followed a Succession of Kings thirteen in number the last of which Rezin was conquered by Tiglath Phileser King of Assyria and beheaded in Damascus about the year of the World 3213. After this they were subject to the Kings of Assyria Media and Persia till after the Death of Alexander the Great Seleucus Nicanor began another Kingdom here about the year of the World 3644 whose Posterity and Successors to the number of twenty one or twenty five of which Antiochus XII was the last Reigned till Pompey the Great made a perfect Conquest of all Syrià for the Romans in the year of the World 4650 sixty two years before the Birth of our Saviour It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 636. or as others 34. when it was conquered by Haumer the third Calyph of the Saracens About the year of Christ 1075. Melech and Ducat began a Turkish Kingdom which in the year 1262 after a Descent of nine Kings was destroyed by Haalon the Tartar Next it fell into the Hands of the Mamalucks of Egypt under whom it continued till the year 1515 and then was conquered by Selim Emperor of the Turks under whom it is at this day most wretchedly harassed and desolated Syrtes two dangerous sandy Gulphs in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Barbary in Africa called antiently Syrtes magna parva now the Gulph de Sidra and de Capes In one name the Shoals of Barbary The first lies betwixt the Kingdoms of Tripoli and Barca the other betwixt Tripoli and Tunis TA. TA a River on the South of China in the Provinces of Quansey and Quantam Tabago the Tobacco Island in the West-Indies in the North Sea Possessed by the Dutch commonly also called Niew Walcheren It lies eight Miles from la Trinidad to the North-East and ninety South of Barbadoes having eighteen small Rivers and many sase Harbours about nine Dutch Miles long and three broad very fruitful and full of all Necessaries About forty years since the Dutch began to plant it In 1673. the English under Sir Tobias Bridges took and plundered it carried away four hundred Prisoners and as many Negroes In 1677. the French being desirous to drive the Dutch out of it sent the Comte d' Estrée with ten Ships which entered Klips Bay and for several days ingaged a Fleet of eight Dutch Ships there lying under the Command of James Binckes a Dutchman who so well defended the Island that though the French pretended they destroyed the Fort the Dutch had built yet they were forced to draw off and leave the Dutch Masters of the Place Long. 316. Lat. 10. 30. The whole Plantation of this Island is Tobacco after its name Tabarestan Tabarestania a Province of Persia toward the Caspian Sea containing a great part of the ancient Hyrcania The Caspian Sea is sometimes from this Province called the Sea of Tabarestan Asterabath its Capital City Tabarque Tabraca an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Hippo and Vtica It hath had the honour in the times of Christianity there to be a Bishops See but now only considerable for its Port. Pliny Claudian and Stephanus mention it Tabasco Tabasca a Town and Province in New Spain in North America The Province lies between the Bay of Mexico to the North and the Province of Chiapa to the South extended from East to West forty six Spanish Leagues The principal City in it was by the Indians called Tabasco but the Spaniards call it Nuestra Sennora de la Viâ—toria our Lady of Victory because Cortez the Spanish General gave the Mexicans an irrecoverable Defeat near this Place Tabenna an Island of the Thebais in the Kingdom of Egypt near the City Syene Inhabited formerly by the Monks entituled Tabenniosiâ—ae from it in whose times Tabennis was a small Town standing here Tabor Taborium a Town in Bohemia upon the River Lauznicz twenty Miles from Budwess and forty five from Prague The Hussites made this Place the Seat of their War and fortified it and from thence for twenty years ruined the Imperial and Hereditary Countries called thereupon Taborites Tacara a small Kingdom on the Coast of Guinea in Africa Tacaze Tacasus Astaboras a vast River in the Higher Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Angote chiefly from three Fountains and runs West sometime between Dagana and Hoga Then bending North through the Kingdom of Tigre it watereth the Desart of Oldeba and joyns the River Mareb or Marebo Being much improved it passeth through the Kingdom of Dengin and at Jalack falls into the Nile in the Kingdom of Nubia from the East Tachiali Antiochia Maeandri a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus from which it stands seventy Miles to the East upon the Meander and thirty seven from Bursia to the South Latitus Bishop of this See subscribed to the Council of Chalcedon Long. 58.00 Lat. 39. 30. Tadcaster a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire which hath a large Stone Bridge over the River Warfe and Lime-Stone digged up in its Neighbourhood in Plenty Tadouslack Tadussacum a Town in New France upon the Bay of S. Laurence where it receives the River Saguen a hundred Miles from Quebec to the South-East Taenarus See Matapan Taff Rhatostathybius a small River in Glamorganshire in Wales which watering and giving name to Landaff falls into the Irish Sea near the Borders of Monmouthshire Taflete Tafleta a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa between Segellomessa to the East and Darba to the West bounded with the Kingdom of Morocco to the North. The Capital City is of the same name A populous and plentiful City fortified with a Castle of great Trade for Indico
Targovisto Targovistum Targoviscum Tergovistus Tiriscum a great City which is the Capital of Moldavia and the Seat of their Princes The Natives call it Ternisch It stands in the Borders of Walachia up the River Jaloniza sixty Miles from Nigeboli to the North and a little more from Cronstad or Brassaw in Transylvania to the South in a Marsh Heretofore together with Moldavia under the King of Hungary And now returned under that Crown again See Moldavia Tariffa a City of Spain in Andalusia near the Streights of Gibraltar once a great and strong place but now almost ruined inhabited by a few though it has a Castle and an Haven It was recovered from the Moors in 1292. And Octob. 28. 1340. the Moors received a great Defeat near this place which stands four Leagues from Algezira to the West and six from the Coast of Barbary to the North. Tarne or le Tar Tarnis a River of Aquitain in France which springeth from Mount Losere in Givaudan and being improved by some lesser Streams watereth Millaud then entering Languedoc it visiteth Montauban where it is covered by a lovely Stone Bridge and a little beneath Moissac falls into the Garonne five Leagues above Agen. The present King of France has with great expence of late years made this River Navigable by Boats Taro or Tarro Tarus a River of Lombardy in Italy which ariseth from the Apennine in the Borders of the States of Genoua and running through a Valley of its own name and through the Dukedom of Parma falls thirteen Miles below Cremona into the Po. Upon the Banks of this River Charles VIII of France in 1495. defeated all the Forces of Italy assembled hither to stop him from going out of Italy Tarpeya a Lake in the Kingdom of Peru in South America near the City Potosi springing from a large Fountain in the middle of itself Tarragona Tarraco a City of Spain which in ancient time gave name to that part of Spain called Hispania Tarraconensis It was built by the Scipio's others say before the Roman Conquest Eratosthenes having mentioned it in the year of the World 2780. The Scipio's much enlarged it and therefore Pliny and Solinus make them the Founders Mela saith it was in his time the richest Maritim City on the Eastern Coast of Spain It was certainly a great Metropolis and had fourteen lesser Cities under it The Moors ruined the Roman City and rebuilt that which now stands walling it for the greater security It is now an Archbishops See and an University founded by Cardinal Gasparo de Cervantes Archbishop of this See in the Reign of Philip II. It stands at the Mouth of the River Tulcis now el Fracoli which affords it a small Haven on the Mediterranean Sea thirteen Spanish Leagues from Tortosa and fifteen from Barcelone In a decaying condition Long. 22. 53. Lat. 41. 58. In 1242. a Synod was held here to oppose the progress of the Doctrines of the Vaudois Tarsus Tarsos the Metropolitan City of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Cydenum which divides it into two equal parts It took divers names from the Roman Emperours At this day it is called by the Inhabitants Terassa by the Turks Terfis by the Italians Tarso Now an Archbishops See six Miles from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Pope Clement IX bore the Title of this See before his Election to the Pontificate Long. 66. 14. Lat. 38. 56. This City deservs a particular veneration from all Christians because S. Paul the Great Apostle of the Gentiles was born in it and by that means pleaded its privilege to avoid some ill usages he had otherwise suffered This is also the Tarshish whither Jonas desired to pass when he took Ship at Joppe Joh. 1. 3. which the following part of his Story hath made so memorable Lyra and S. Anselme interpret the Tharsis of King Solomon whither his Fleet went to buy precious Merchandises for the Temple of this place also But others reject their opinion and we have no Concord amongst the Learned upon that question See Ophir Tartar Occhardus a River of Serica a part of the Asiatick Tartary from which that Nation took its name of Tartaria The Country is bounded on the West by Mount Imaus and on the East by China now thought to be called Suchur There is a City upon it of the same name Tartaro Tartarus Atrianus a River in the States of Venice which ariseth in the Territory of Verona and flowing East watereth Adria an ancient City then one part of it falls into that Branch of the Po called il Fuosa and the other into the River Adige Tartary Tartaria Scythae is divided commonly into the Great and Asiatick the Lesser and European Tartary For this latter see Krim Tartary Chersonesus Taurica and Precop The Asiatick Tartary is the far greatest Country in all Asia called by the Poles Tartarcka Bounded on the North by the Frozen Ocean on the East by the same Sea and China on the South by China India Persia and the Caspian Sea on the West by Russia The North Eastern Bounds upon Japan and China are utterly unknown It is not certain but that Asia and America may there meet or at most may be divided by a narrow Channel which could never yet be discovered This Country extends from the Mouth of the Nieper to the Cape of Tabin North-East one thousand German Miles and from the Mouth of the River Obb to the Wall of China South-East fifteen hundred of the same Miles perhaps it is much greater towards the North and East It is divided into Tartary properly so called Tartaria Deserta Zagathai Cathay and Turquestan these containing many Kingdoms some of which as to the names of them are as yet unknown to us The people are the most Barbarous of Mankind Bloody Fierce and Brutish The Country appears Barren Desolate Uncultivated without Cities settled Inhabitants Agriculture and fixed Limits The Princes are absolute Masters of their respective People which live in Hoards wandring with their Wives and Children in covered Waggons from place to place with their Cattle their only Wealth as necessity and the season of the year require This course of life has in a great degree fitted them for War Accordingly when ever they have broken in upon the Civilized World they have proved in every Age the Scourges of God In this last Age one of these Princes broke in upon China and in a few years conquered it Tarudante Tarodantum Torodantum the Capital City of Suz Heretofore subject to the King of Morocco but has now a Prince of its own It is great and populous about fifty Miles from the Atlantick Ocean and three hundred from Morocco to the South Tasso Thassos Thalassia Chryse an Island of the Archipelago one League distant from the Continent of Romania in the Morea and about seven or eight in Circumference divided betwixt Plains and Mountains which afford good Wine and Marble The Phoenicians anciently planted a Colony here
to it Zerbi Zetta a small Island on the Coast of Barbary near the Shoars of the Kingdom of Tripoli Zerynthus a City and famous Cave in the Island of Samothracia in the Archipelago in the ancient times Lycophron calls the latter Antrum Canis And Ovid expresses the whole Island by the City saying Inde levi vento Zerynthia littora nacta c. Zeugitana a Country of the ancient Africa upon the Coast of the Mediterranean near Numidia included now in the Kingdom of Algiers Zeugma an ancient City of Syria which became in Christian times a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Hierapolis Alexander M. built a famous Bridge over the Euphrates here § Another in the ancient Dacia Zibit Saba Zibitum a City in the Happy Arabia the Capital of a Kingdom and a great City seated near the Gulph of Arabia one hundred and eighty Miles from Aden to the West and two hundred from the Mouth of the Gulph to the same The Turks not long since took it But the King of it has since recovered it out of their Hands There is a River in this Kingdom of the same name Long. 76.00 Lat. 16.56 Zidem Ziden Acila Ocelis a Port Town upon the Red Sea the nearest to Mecca It stands on the North side of the River Eda or Chaibar twenty German Miles from Mecca to the South-West A place of great Antiquity and anciently had a very good Trade being the usual Port as Pliny saith from whence the Ships went which sailed into the East-Indies Ziegenhaim Zigenhaemum a small City in the Lower Hassia under the Landtgrave of Hess-Cassel seven Miles from Cassel to the South four from Frislar and six from Fuld The Capital of a County Zimbao a Town and Fortress in Monotapia Zina Pamphylia a Province of the Lesser Asia Zinara a deserted Island in the Archipelago betwixt Amorgo and Levita with Charuffa to the West of it yet showing the ruines of Habitations Zinganes Indian Pyrates in the Empire of the Great Mogul The Zinhagiens See Bereberes Zirfia the Turkish Name of Servia Ziriczee a considerable Town in the Island of Schowen belonging to the State of Zeeland in the United Netherlands Built by the Flemings in 1304. The Spaniards possessed themselves of it in 1575. But were soon expelled again Zirifdin or Amansifirdin a City of the Happy Arabia understood to be the Acarman or Carman by some the Omana of the ancients Zitrachan Albania a Province of Asia Zittaw Zitavia a City of Germany in the Vpper Lusatia upon the River Neiss in the Borders of Bohemia under the Elector of Saxony four Miles above Gorlitz to the South Built or Fortified by Wenceslaus King of Bohemia in 1â—55 Ziz a Chain of Mountains in the Province of Cuzt in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the South Rich in Mines but inhabited by such as make little profit of them Znaim or Znoymo Znoimum a City of Moravia upon the River Teye in the Borders of Austria seven German Miles from Brune to the South and ten from Vienna to the South-West Taken by the Swedes in 1645 and frequently by others in the German Wars Zoaro Pisidon a Town in Barbary upon the Coast of Tripoli with a convenient Port. Taken in 1552. by the Knights of Malta by surprize Zocoroph the Gulph of Arabia Zocotora or Socotora and Socotarg Diosorias Dioscoridis Insula Ogyris a Town and Island upon the Coast of Zanguebar in Africa Mountainous hot dry and barren its principal product is Dates Aloes and Frankincense The People appear to be originally Arabians by their Customs Habits and Language The only City in it is of the same name with the Island Zoest the same with Soest Zofala the same with Sofala Zofingen a great Town or City in Argow in Switzerland under the Canton of Bearn subject anciently to the Counts of Spitzbergh who had a Cittadel near it their Arms being still born by this City But in 1285. it accepted of the protection of the Emperor Rodolph I. and in 1295 was by Siege reduced entirely under the obedience of Albert his Son In 1396. a Fire totally consumed it Again being rebuilt it obtained divers privileges of the Princes of the House of Austria In 1412. it fell together with all the Country of Argow as now under the Canton of Bearn And 1528. embraced the Reformation Zolnoch Zolnochium a City of the Vpper Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name upon the Tibiscus Forty German Miles from Waradin to the West and sixty from Buda to the East Taken by the Turks in 1552. and retaken by the Imperialists in October 1685. Zorandra the place in the Mountain Taurus upon the Confines of Armenia and Mesopotamia in Asia at which the Ancients supposed the River Tigris to bury it self under ground for some Leagues and afterwards to rise again But we have no such Modern account of the course of that River Zorlich Tzurulum a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See between Constantinople and Hadrianople Zoser an ancient City and Promontory of Attica in Greece betwixt the Piraeus of Athens and the Island Zea. Much adicted to the VVorship of the Goddesses Latona and Diana in Pagan times Zubal Zubu or Zebu one of the Philippine Islands to which the Spaniards gave the name of los Pintados because the Natives had at the time of the discovery of it their Faces painted with divers colours Zuenziga a small Kingdom in Africa in Zaara on the East of the Kingdom of Zanhaga and South of that of Morocco with a City and Desert of its name Zues the same with Sues Zug Tougium Tugium a City and Canton in Switzerland it consists all of Roman Catholicks and is very small Bounded on the North by Zurich on the East and South by Schwitz and on the West by Lucerne The City stands one Mile from the Lake of Lucerne to the East and eighteen from Zurich to the South A free Imperial City till the year 1352. when it entred the League with the other Cantons Zurich Tigurum the Capital City of a Canton of the same Name in Switzerland very great and populous Divided into two parts by the River Limat when it leaves the Lake of Zurich It stands between Schafhouse to the North and Lucerne to the South twenty five Miles from each eleven from the Rhine and forty five from Soleurre Made a Free Imperial City by Frederick II. in 1218. and Leagued with the Cantons 1351. So Ancient as to be mentioned by Caesar in his Commentaries who subjected it to the Romans In the year of Christ 300. it was burnt by the Germans and rebuilt by Dioclefian In the year 883. Charles the Gross Walled it It embraced the Reformation in 1521. Long. 30. 20. Lat. 46 58 § The Canton of Zurich is the first of the thirteen in order Bounded by Bearne and Lucerne to the West Schafhouse to the North Zug and Schwitz on the South and Appenzel to the East it consists of none
A GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY Representing the Present and Antient NAMES and STATES OF ALL THE Countries Kingdoms Provinces Remarkable Cities Vniversities Ports Towns Mountains Seas Streights Fountains and Rivers of the whole WORLD THEIR Distances Longitudes and Latitudes WITH A short HISTORICAL ACCOUNT of the same and a general INDEX of the Antient and Latin Names Very necessary for the right understanding of all Antient and Modern Histories and especially of the divers Accounts of the present Transactions of EUROPE Begun by EDMUND BOHUN Esquire Continued Corrected and Enlarged with great Additions throughout and particularly with whatever in the Geographical Part of the Voluminous Morery and Le Clerk occurs observable By Mr. BERNARD Together with all the Market-Towns Corporations and Rivers in England wanting in both the former Editions LONDON Printed for Charles Brome at the Gun at the West End of S. Pauls MDCXCIII A REFLECTION upon Le Grand Dictionaire Historique c. OR THE Great Historical Dictionary OF LEWIS MORERY D. D. Printed at UTRECHT 1692. with the Supplement of J. Le Clerc D. D. in Four TOMES in Folio French AND An Account of this Edition of the following BOOK THE Great Historical Dictionary of Monsievr Morery was an unexpected Work to come from a Person who understood not any Greek or Hebrew and had but an indifferent knowledge of Latin For it will be allowed amidst such a multiplicity of Subjects to contain many very ingenious things Yet I desire not to commend him for the Invention he ascribes to the Chinese of the Province of Xamsi who boyl their Victuals he says over Pits of Subterraneous Fires proceeding from the Bowels of the Earth Which to make the Fire burn the quicker and stronger they contract at the Mouths in such a manner as only to leave room for the Caldron to stand For though the Chinese are famous over the World for their Inventions yet the Wit of this hath so little in it of the Wisdom of their Other or Common Sense that it supersedes the Civility of the least pretence to approve of it Neither yet is it possible for me to be reconciled to his Account of a Tribe of the Troglaedytes dwelling continually in the Caverns of a Mountain in the Island of Malta near to a House of Pleasure belonging to the Great Master of the Order of the Knights there A tall robust long-liv'd inhospitable people as he describes them Who speak altogether the pure Arabick Language in which they are instructed as to matters of Religion by the Maronites that come to Malta For there appears no more Probability of an Arabian Race of Christian Troglaedytes at Malta than of a Nation of Pygmies in the Neighbourhood of the Nile Therefore in a word Monsieur Morery as he hath his Excellencies so he hath his great Faults too And it seems to be none of the least remarkable of the Latter That let a thing be never so Fabulous in Pliny and Herodotus or the Histories of the old Greeks never so extravagantly reported by the Modern Books of Voyages and Discoveries or the Common Memoires of the Times yet he mixes it with his purer Geography Which hath given me continual reason to admire the Patience and Labour of his Pen but I disagree with his Fancy if he thought such Collections pleasing to Men of Sense and with his Judgment if he thought them true In his Geography of the Kingdom and Counties of England there is no body but must be offended with him upon other Accounts The principal of our Rivers next the Thames the Severn the Trent the Humber the Medway the Derwent c. None of them have their Names with Descriptions in his Work Peterborough Wells Cambridge Shrewsbury Richmond and Rippon are wholly omitted out of our Chief Towns and Cities Cambridgeshire Hertfordshire Cheshire Shropshire and Wiltshire out of our Counties And all the Description that he gives to Eleven of our Counties more with the Capital Towns thereunto belonging will be justly rehearsed in about Eleven Lines To South-hampton he says a Town and County in the South of England with a Port to the Sea To Stafford a Town and County of England towards the middle of the Kingdom To Surrey a County in the South part of England To Sussex a County in the South of England whereof Chichester is the Capital To Warwick a Town and County of England To Westmorland a County in the North of England which was a part of the Country of the ancient Brigantes To Huntingdon and Leicestershires he adds the Names of the Rivers Ouse and Stower with two or three Towns To Middlesex a small County in the East of England included in the ancient Kingdom of the East Saxons and only considerable for London its Capital To Rutland a County in the middle of England but little considerable having no more than one Town called Oakcham in it To Suffolk a Town and County in the East of England This is Monsieur Morery's way of describing a next Neighbor Kingdom and one of the most Powerful in the World Which is the least that a Geographer says of the most distant and obscure Provinces of China and Japan or the unknown Regions of the Asiatick Tartary And though he may be something larger upon London Rochester Bristol and now and then a County yet he does it with so little Care and Art so ungeographically in comparison to his Illustration of other Countries that take his Accounts of England all together with which those of Scotland Ireland and Wales are done after the like manner and they will be found the crudest and meanest and the most Contemptible part of his Volumes I need take no Notice of his Mistakes about Rutland and Suffolk which occur even in those diminitive Sketches that he gives them and are already sensible to every running Eye He is no less mistaken about the Bishoprick of Coventry and Lichfield A Bishoprick says he about the year 656. was established at Lichfield And there being another Bishoprick afterwards establish'd at Coventry these two Bishopricks in time became united in one Whereas it never from the beginning was otherwise than one and the same Bishoprick primarily established at Lichfield in 656 Next removed to Chester in 1067 or as others in 1075. From Chester removed to Coventry in 1088 and from Coventry returned to Lichfield again in 1186. Whereupon followed an Agreement under Bishop Alexander de Savensby who succeeded to the See in 1220 that the Episcopal Style should be derived from both Coventry and Lichfield yet with the Precedence to Coventry Mons Morery is no less mistaken in the ancient Seat of the Bishops of Lincoln which was Dorchester in Oxfordshire situated at the Confluence of the Thame and the Isis For he hath the fortune not only to attribute it to Dorchester in Dorsetshire upon the River Frome but to quote William of Malmsbury for the same to aggravate the matter in mistaking both his Author and the place together It is
very pleasant to observe in his Account of Northumberland what an extent he gives to it All Northumberland says he comprehends six Counties York Durham Lancaster Westmorland Cumberland and Northumberland To which he ought to have added the South parts of Scotland too as far as Edenborough if he knew no other than that the Limits of Northumberland now remain in the same State as they were eleven hundred years ago in the time of Saxon Heptarchy Perhaps a Stranger will continually admire at the meaning of such Words as Lerbie Barthe Lanclastre Torriger c. He may be pleased to know therefore that Monsieur Morery is not much to be trusted for the Right Proper Names of Places or Persons Antient or Modern out of his own Country Yet neither can our Nation blame him for it more than another His Misnomers are most Universal and the meaning of those mentioned is Irebye in Cumberland the Bath Lancashire and the antient Britain Vortiger It is more strange to see him Misplace the Houses of Lords and Commons in the Abbey of Westminster and to see Dr. Barrow of Cambridge attributed throughout his Character to the Chairs and Preferments of Oxford and Dr. Stillingfleet quoted with the Title of the present Bishop of Winchester Yet there is a stranger and a more admirable Passage still expecting to be also remembred here which says in illustrating the occasion and manner of the Descent of the Troops from Holland in 1688. that they were landed at Torbay in Wales It is true these particular Defects and Errours import no more than the unskilfulness of the Author in the Geography and History of England whereof the disparagement redounds to himself only with Monsieur Le Clerc his late Editor at Utrecht who certainly is the Father of a share But if M. Morery hath happened to be as unfortunate as Maimbourg and Varillas in mistaking in Particulars relating to England He is also as injurious as Scaliger and Sorbiere in some of his General Characters of it It is fit I should repeat his Words First he bestows a line or two of commendation upon the Gentry and Nobility who perfect their Natural Parts and Educations by Travel and Conversation with Strangers Voc. Angleterre But on the Contrary he adds the People of England are cruel insolent brutal seditious Enemies to Strangers The abundance of all the Necessaries of life produced by their Country with little pain renders them proud and negligent They have not the same Industry nor the same Address to Works and Manufactures as their Neighbours and other People who are made to love labour and be industrious by necessity and the sterility of their Country It hath been long since said Anglica Gens est Optima flens sed pessima ridens To be persuaded of the Truth whereof one need only consider the Evils that England hath suffered these thirty or forty years by the Transport and the Malice of its sour querulous opiniative and dissembling Spirits The Men of Letters often compose their Works with a Pipe of Tobacco in their hands The Citizens and Peasants delight in the fighting of Bears and Bulls Cock-fighting and Wrestling which agree with their Inclinations which are a little cruel The Women go without Ceremony to the Taverns The Gallants carry their Mistresses to them to pleasure whom the Treat must be concluded with the fighting of Bears and Bulls Cock-fighting and Wrestling and many times with all those three together By saying all three together he imagines we fight the Bears and Bulls with one another Now as my Grandfather Heylyn answers to the like Calumnies of Scaliger by the shooting of the Bow we may easily guess the quality of the Archer If the People of France lived with all the Innocency and the Freedom of the Golden Age their Censures might have been allowed to pass with the Authority of Oracles But as it is their unhappiness to be Slaves to the Rack and the Wheel and the Galleys who have filled the Universe with the Outcries of their Persecutions at Home and their Devastations abroad and can never be forgotten for the blood of Henry III. and IV. the Barracades of Paris and the Nuptials of S. Bartholomew's Eve before they begin the Cry of Cruelty and Seditiousness upon another Nation let them remember that Divine Character of a Man who quarrels with a Mote in his Brothers Eye whilst he hath a Beam in his own If I know any thing of the Native English Temper Cruelty is the very Antipodes to it There is nothing more odious in History amongst us than the Memory of a Prince who stains his Reign with Blood As our Government is a Monarchy without Tyranny it requires our Obedience without Servility Torture is excluded our Laws with an abhorrence not only as a Servility unfit for Christians but a Barbarity unfit for Men. And that famous ancient comparison of Angli tanquam Angeli shines most especially in the beauty of their minds composed of Simplicity Integrity Modesty Mercy Open and Free-heartedness Peace Gratitude Generosity Gallantry and Love which are all comprehended in one Word they call Good Nature so appropriated by God to them and their Language that it scarce admits of a direct Translation into any other The true Reading of the Verse that is quoted by Monsieur Morery is by an Abuse corrupted and turned into Anglica gens Otherwise it is Rustica gens est Optima flens sed Pessima ridens And understands the Peasantry not of Ours or any Particular Nation but all in Common Though the Sense and Equity of it neither so is any better than the Poetry And I dare be confident the Rhiming Monk that wrote it never knew in himself what Labour and Oppression means Whilst the Peasant by the condition of his Being carries a Cross to add to the weight whereof is barbarous in Oppressing the Oppressed It is no small sign of a Disposition contrary to Brutal Insolent Querulous and Cruel that England is to a Proverb the Paradise of the Tender Sex For whom Monsieur Morery hath prepared such a Treat of Sports as hath I believe at least one excellence in it Not to be Common He ought to have excused those Sports from Cruelty in their favours too and to have known that the particular pleasure of the Peasantry therein is only to see the courage of their Beasts or laugh at Cowardise even in Beasts But for the Evils which England he says hath suffered these thirty or forty years or more it is very unjust to forget the Praises of all the Persons that were innocent of them and to draw the Character of the whole Nation from the Crimes of the guilty only Who so far as they forsook Peace and Love and the rest of the Virtues abovementioned degenerated from the Native Spirits of Englishmen Whilst fearing beyond reason and immoderately persecuting a Phantosme of Cruelty in others they begat the Monster amongst themselves So odious is the apprehension of Cruelty Slavery
to an Absolute Perfection is a matter of a higher Consideration which requires the diligence of many Years and the succession perhaps of many Hands and must be content to proceed by Degrees And tho the labour in encountring oftentimes a dry and difficult Soyl is unpleasing and deterring which caused Mr. Bohun to declare he never desired to do it a second time yet as it is like to redound as well to the Honour of the English Language as the Universal benefit of Learning amongst us it will abide an encouragement to consider that every Mite bestowed upon this Corban is Meritorious and every Endeavor towards the Completing so great a Good may be placed in the number of Publick Services for which reason I am not only satisfied with my own contributing a Share thereto but am obliged also to tell the World that the Table of Measures was adjusted to my Hand by the Ingenious Mr. Halley J. A. BERNARD ADVERTISEMENT Decemb. 30. 1692. IN March next will be Publisht a complete HISTORICAL and POETICAL Dictionary representing Alphabetically the Lives and most considerable Actions of all those Personages of both Sexes who have at any time been illustrious in the World as Emperours Kings Princes Heroes Captains c. Prelates Doctors Hereticks Philosophers famous Artists learned Authors c. with the time when each Person flourish'd Also an account of the several Sects Heresies Factions and Orders either Religious or Military that have been considerable in any Age. Compiled out of the most select Writers whether Sacred Profane or Fabulous Wherein is contain'd not only whatsoever is worthy of Notice in the bulky Labour of Monsieur Morery and the Interpolations of Le Clerc but also vast Additions from the best Authors by them omitted especially great care is taken that the tedious Impertinences the palpable Errors and fulsom Partialities every where apparent in the French Work be corrected or pared off This Piece having been for above Four Years preparing for the Publick by several Hands is now in the Press and will be Publish'd in March next as is said above without Subscription that so the Buyer may see what he purchases before he lays down his Money In Folio Printed for C. Harper at the Flower-de-luce over against S. Dunstan's Church Fleetstreet ☞ These Two Volumes will not only comprise every useful Matter in the pretended Grand Dictionary but excel it in very considerable Improvements as will appear and by being Printed in Two Volumes is made more commodious as well as cheaper the Geographical Enquirer being at his choice to buy or turn over only what concerns himself and he who searches after any matter merely Historical not being oblig'd to the charge or trouble of the other Of Divers MEASURES THE Measures of differing Nations and especially those of the Distances of Places being very various it was necessary to premise something about them that the English Reader might not be at a loss when he meets with them in the following Work The English Mile by Statute Law consists of 5280 London Feet or 1760 Yards and eight Furlongs Of these Miles the Experiments of Mr. Norwood and Mr. Picart do demonstrate 69 and somewhat more to be a Degree of the Earths Surface tho till lately a Degree has been reckoned but 60 English Miles A Marine League is the twentieth part of a Degree and most Nations agree to reckon so for Distances at Sea A French League is the twenty fifth part of a Degree being nearly two English Miles and three quarters A German Mile is reckoned to be the fifteenth part of a Degree or better than four English Miles A Dutch Mile such as are now used in Holland is by the Experiment of Snellius nearest the nineteenth part of a Degree being about three English Miles and a half An Italian Mile is mille passus or a thousand Paces of five Roman Feet each and the Roman Foot being ⅖ of an Inch less than the London Foot or as 29 to 30 it follows that nearest 76 Italian Miles are a Degree And the Turkish Miles are reputed equal to the Italian The Danes Swedes and Hungarians make long Miles being about a German Mile and half or at least five or six English Miles The Polish Miles are nearly equal to the Dutch Miles and reckoned about 20 to a Degree The Scotch and Irish Miles are longer than the English by about half and are not defined by any certain measure that I can learn The Spanish League is estimated at four Italian Miles and are reckoned 17 and a half to a Degree The Russians use a short Measure they call Vorst which is little more than three quarters of an English Mile The Arabian Mile both Ancient and Modern is about an English Mile and a quarter As to the Measures of the Ancients The old Roman Mile was nearly equal to the present Italian Mile described already and was divided into eight Stadia or Furlongs of 625 Roman Feet each The Greeks measured by Stadia only consisting of 600 Greek Feet or 100 Orgyiae eight of these made the Roman Mile the Greek Foot being to the Roman as 25 to 24 nearly The Persian League or Parasanga was much about a Spanish League being 30 Stadia or three Italian Miles and three quarters The Schoenus or Egyptian League was of two sorts the greater of 60 Stadia and the lesser of 40 the one of five the other seven and a half Italian Miles A GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY In which are Represented The Present and Antient NAMES of all the Countries Provinces Remarkable Cities Towns Ports Seas Streights Fountains Rivers Mountains Vniversities c. of the Whole WORLD AA a River of Transisselane or Over-Issel a Province of the Low Countries It washeth the Walls of Steenwick and the Fort of Blockzil and then falls into the Zuyder-Sea The Word Aa is an usual Name in Germany for Rivers especially of the lesser Aa a River of Westphalia falling into the Yssel supposed by some to be the Velicer Aa a small River in the Canton of Bern in Suitzerland called by the Inhabitants des Arquebusades from the virtue it has for curing Wounds made by Gun-shot Aa another River in the Territory of Bologne called also Agnio and Euneno disemboguing it self into the Sea at Graveline Aade a small River of Brabant which runs not far from Boisleduc Aahuis a small Town in the Bishoprick of Munster situate on the River Aa from whence it hath its Name Aar Arola the principal River in Suitzerland it springs from S. Gothards Hill near the Head of the Rhosne and being increased with many Rivers falls into the Rhine at Waldshut one of the Forest Towns There are two other little Rivers in Germany thus called Aarbourg or Aarberg a pleasant little Town in Suitzerland full of wealthy Tradesmen tempted to fix their Habitations there by the Pleasantness of the Situation and the frequent Marts there holden Aba a Town in Arabia Felix according to modern Geographers §
Names of Nilus Alopecki a People of Attica near Athens amongst whom according to Diogenes Laertius Socrates had his Nativity Alost a Town in Flanders upon the River Dender This Town was taken by the French in 1667 but restored to the Spaniards again who now have it It lies in the middle between Brussels and Gaunt one mile from Dendermonde There was an Earldom belonging to this place which had Earls of its own till 1165. when it fell to Philip E. of Flanders by Inheritance and was by him united for ever to Flanders Alpes called by the Germans Alben is a long Ridg of Mountains which divide Italy from France and Germany It begins at Port Monaco a Town belonging to the States of Genoua upon the Mediterranean but in the Hands of the French ever since the Year 1641. And ends at the Gulph of Carnaro a part of the Adriatick Sea South of Istria a Province belonging to the Republick of Venice It is divided into divers parts and each of them has its proper Name besides the General From the Port of Monaco to the Fountains of the River Var they are called the Maritim Alpes From thence to Susa the Cottian Alpes from Susa to S. Bernard the less they are called the Greek Alpes from thence to S. Gothard the Pennine Alpes next to these follow the Grison Alpes to the Fountain of the River Piave that part of them which lie near the City of Trent are called by its Name Those that follow as far as Dolak are called the Norician Alpes from the Fountains of Tajamento to those of the Drave they are called the Carinthian Alpes the last are the Julian or Pannonian Alpes Yet some extend them as far as Dalmatia and others carry them to Thrace and the Euxine Sea but it is the most received opinion that they end at the Fountains of the River di Kulpe in Liburnia Thus far Cluvirius Alpheus See Orfea Alpon Vecchio Alpinus a River in the Territories of Verona which falls into the Adige a River which belongs to the States of Venice Alpuxaras Alpuxarae a considerable body of Mountains in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain they were once well peopled but are almost desolate now the Moors that inhabited them having been banished by Philip III. Alre Alera a River in Saxony in Germany See Allere Alrick or Elrick Alriens a River in Twedale in Scotland which falls into the Tweede Al 's or Alsits Alisuntia a River of the Dukedom of Luxemburg in the Low-Countries which washeth the Walls of the principal City and then with the Saar another River of the same Dukedom falls into the Moselle above Treves Alsatia called by the Germans Elsass by the French Alsace in a Province of Germany in the upper Circle of the Rhein lying between Schwaben on the East Lorain on the West the lower Palatinate the Territory of Spire the Dukedom of Bipont towards the North and upon the Switzors toward the South It is divided into three parts Alsatia properly so called and into the lower and upper Alsatia which two last parts with the Bishoprick of Basil Spire and Philipsburgh submitted to Lewis XIII in 1634. and were yielded to the French by the Peace of Munster in the Year 1648. The Territories of the Bishop and Chapter of Strasburg which lie on this side the Rhine belong to the lower Alsatia Alsen Alsa or Alsia is an Island of Denmark in the Baltick Sea on the Eastern-Shoar of the Dukedom of Sleswick from which it is parted by a small Channel At the South end of it stands a magnificent Castle called Suderburgh which belongs to a branch of the House of Holsatia with the Title of Duke and at the North end there is another Castle called Nordoburg possessed by another Ducal Family The whole Island is under the Dominion of the D. of Sunderburgh and is a part of the Dukedom of Sleswick Alsford a Market-Town in Hantshire Alster a River in the Dutchy of Holstein in Germany falling into the Elb above Hamburgh Alssfeldt one of the antientiest Towns in Hassia The Burgers of this Town were the first that embraced Luthers Reformation Alt Alta a small River in Lancashire falling into the Irish Sea at Ahnouth § Another in Transylvania See Olt. Altahein Alteimum an antient Town in the Country of the Grisons Altai a Mountain the same with Belgon Altaich the Upper and Lower is the Name of two famous Monastries on the Danow in the upper Palatinate They have their Names from Altaha Altachum or Altaichum two great old Oaks Altamura or Altavilla Altus Murus a Principality and City in the Province of Bari in Naples Altem-bourg vide Aldenburg Altembourg the Name also of a Town in Transylvania and of another in the Lower Hungary by the Hungarians call'd Owar ◠Of another in Bavaria upon the Danube as likewise of a Ruinated Castle of the Province of Argow in Switzerland giving the Title of a Count. Alten and Altenbotten a River and Branch of the Norwegian Ocean in the Province of Werdhuss Altino Altinum an antient City and Episcopal See within the States of Venice upon the River Sile betwixt Padoua and Concordia Ruined by Attila King of the Huns. The Bishoprick is Transfer'd to Torcello Alton a Market-Town in Hampshire Altorf Altorfium the Capital City of the Canton of Vri upon the River Russ in Switzerland at the Foot of the Alps. § Also a City and University in Franconia upon the River Schwartzac The University was Founded by the Magistrates of Nuremberg in 1579. and received its Privileges from the Emperour Rodolph II. in 1581. There is a Castle to it § A small but antient Town within 2 miles of Ravenspurg in the upper Schwaben in Germany the Guelpian Family were usually Buried here This Town belongs to the House of Austria and is the Residence of the high Commissioners of Suevia Altringham a Market-Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Buclow Alzira a rich and pleasant tho small City in the Kingdom of Valencia in Spain betwixt two Arms of the River Xucar over which it has two Bridges about 5 Leagues from Valencia Am a famous City in Armenia computed to have 100000 Houses and 1000 Churches Taken by the Tartars in 1219. Amachaches Amacari an American People in Brasil towards St. Sebastian Amacusa an Island and Province under Japan in the East-Indies having its Capital City of the same Name Amadabat or Armadabat a Populous City of great Trade in the Kingdom of Guzurate in the East Indies which finds out of its own Revenue for the Service of the Great Mogul 12000 Horse and 50 Elephants The Chan or Governour assumes the quality of a Prince It is 18 Leagues from Cambaya near the River Indus adorn'd with a Mosque of extraordinary magnificence where lie the Sepulchres of many of their antient Kings being heretofore and Idol Temple of the Heathens till the Turks got the Possession of it Amadan one of the finest and most considerable Cities in Persia
the first King of the Britains after the Romans forsook them who is here supposed to have been slain and buried Cambden Ambrisi Ambrisius a River in the remotest Aethiopia in the Kingdom of Congo it ariseth in the Mountains near the City of Tinda and falls into the Aethiopick Ocean between Lelunda and the Lose about 5 deg from the Line South Ambroise a small Town at the entrance into Piedmont upon the River Doria Near to it stands the celebrated Abby of L'Ecluse that they say was built by the hands of Angels belonging to the Benedictines and one of the four chief Houses in Europe of that Order Ambroni an antient People of Switzerlandâ— or according to some of Dauphiné in France on the side of Ambrune Marius gave them a bloody Overthrow near the little River Arc in Provence between Aix and S. Maximin in the year of Rome 652. The Marks of this Victory being yet extant upon the Rests of a Pyramid there Ambrune a City in the Dauphinate of France call'd in Latin Ebrodunum It is an Archbishops See small but strong seated upon the River Durance which falls into the Rhosne one League beneath Avignon it lies 23 Leagues North-East of Grenoble and 37 from Liâ—nt Amel a Kingdom of Africa upon the Atlantick Ocean between the Outlets of the River Niger and on the Western side of it Amelant an Island belonging to the Dutch in the German Ocean on the Shoars of Friseland Amelia a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy said to be built 964 years before Perseus It is an independent Bishops See about 6 Miles from Narni The Ameria of the Antients and the birth-place of that Roscius whose Cause is defended by Cicero AMERICA the Fourth Part of the World and greater than the other Three Wholly unknown to us till 1499. when Christopher Columbo or Colono a Genouese first discovered it at the Charges of Ferdinando and Isabella King and Queen of Spain Americus Vespuccio a Florentine seven years after being sent by Emanuel King of Portugal went further and discovered the Continent and from him it has its Name but it is no less frequently call'd the West-Indies It lies in length from North to South under the shape of two vast Peninsula's knit together by the Streights of Panama where the Land is not above 17 Leagues from Sea to Sea On the Western side it has the Pacifick Ocean on the East the Atlantick on the South the Streights of Magellan or Le-Maire but as to the North the Bounds of it are not discoâ—ered by reason of the great Cold and nearness to the Northern Pole Great part of it is under the Spaniards viz. Peru New Spain Terra firma Paragua Chili and many of the Northern and Southern Islands yet divers of the Maritime parts are under the Portugals English French and Hollanders Particularly the English either by being first Occupants or else by Conquest have made themselves Masters of the large Northern Continents adjoining to Hudson's Bay New England Virginia Mary-Land Carolina and of many adjacent Islands and in the more Southern Parts they are possessed of the wealthy Islands of Jamaica Barbadoes Mevis c. Those Natives that live in these parts with the Europeans are much civilized but those that inhabit the Inland Countries retain their antient barbarous Customs This vast Continent is divided into the Southern and Northern Ameica by the Bay of Mexico and the Streights of Panama The Islands which lie about it in both the Oceans are too numerous to be here recounted Amersford a small Town in the State of Vtrecht in Holland upon the River Em under the Dominion of the United States tho once an Imperial City In 1624. it was taken by the Spaniards but soon after retaken by the Dutch and in 1672. it fell into the hands of the French who deserted it two years after It lies about 3 Leagues East of Vtrecht Amersham a Market-Town in Buckinghamshire See Agmundesham Amhara See Amara Amida See Caramit Amiens Samarobrina Samarobriga the chief City of Picardy and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rheims it stands upon the River Somme mid-way in the Road between Calais and Paris about 25 French Miles from each It was a long time the Frontier Town of France surprized by the Spaniards in 1597. but soon after retaken by that Victorious Prince Henry IV. Built by Antonius Pius the Emperour and was call'd at first Samarobriga that is the Bridge upon Samara In the Cathedral Church of Nostre Dame they preserve the Head of S. John Baptist which they say was found by a Gentleman of Picardy at the taking of Constantinople in 1204. as a most extraordinary Relique There is an Historical Treatise of this Head written by the Sieur du Cange The Country l' Amiennois takes it Name from Amiens Amilo Amulus a River in Mauritania mention'd by Pliny Amiterno an antient City in the Province of Abruzzo in Italy and sometime an Episcopal See which has been translated to Aquila It was the Birth place of the Historian Salust The Ruins of a Theatre a Church and a great Tower are yet to be seen Amititan or Amuitan a Lake in New Spain in America Amixoeares an American People of Brasil Ammerze Ammer a great Lake or Marsh in Bavaria in Germany The Ammonites an antient People of Palestine descended from Ammon the Son of Lot in the History of the Old Testament famous for their Wars with Israel who gave them several great Defeats under Jephtha Saul Joab Joatham and Judas Macchabeus § Also another antient People of Libya in Africa who lived toward the Temple of Jupiter Ammon Amond Almon a River in the County of Lothain in Scotland It falls into Edenburg Fyrth Amone or Lamone a River arising at the foot of the Apennines in Italy and passing by Faenza to fall into the Po near Ravenna Amorbach Amorbachium a Town of Franconia in Germany upon the River Muldt under the Elector of Mentz Amorium an antient City of Phrygia in Asia Minor and sometime an Archiepiscopal See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Taken and burnt by the Saracens in 840. The Amorites an antient People of Palestine descended from Canaan who with their two Kings Sehon and Og were vanquish'd by the Israelites and their Country distributed amongst the Tribes of Ruben Gad and Manasseh Ampatres an Indian People in the Island of Madagascar Ampelusia Ampelos a Cape upon the Streights of Gibraltar in Mauritania Tingitana now call'd Cape Esparto § Also a Town and Cape in Macedonia call'd now Capo Canistro § And a Cape in Crete now call'd Capo Sagro Amphaxe a small Town upon the Gulph of Contessa in Macedonia It did antiently give Name to the Country Amphaxites Amphipolis See Emboli Amphryse a River in Thessalia § Another in Phrygia in Asia Minor and a Town in Phocis Ampthill a Market-Town in Bedfordshire The Earl of Alesbury has a noble Seat here Ampurdan a Country of Catalonia its capital City was the
their times whence some believe that the Canal betwixt Lesbos and it has by degrees filled up and united with the Island of Lesbos Antibes a Town and Port in Provence in France which was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ambrun but the See is since transferred to la Grace There is a Castle to it Anticyra an Island of Thessalia famous for its Hellebore Antifello Antiphellus an antient City of Lysia in Asia upon the Mediterranean and sometime the See of a Bishop Antigonia the capital City of the Province of Chaonia in Epirus Heretofore considerable § Another of Macedonia § Also an Island discovered by the Portuguese near the Island of S. Thomas Antilaban an inhabited Mountain in Syria over against Mount Libanus Antilles the same with the Caribby Islands Antinoe Antios Antinopolis a City of Aegypt 6 Leagues from the Nile and heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thebes It had Twelve Religious Houses in it for Women in the time of Palladius Now utterly ruin'd Antioch Antiochia call'd by the Turks Antachia by the Arabians Anthakia It was built by Seleucus the Son of Antiochus King of Syria one of the Successors of Alexander the Great and call'd after his Fathers Name This City was during the times the Greeks and Romans were possessed of it the Capital of Syria or rather of the East here the Disciples and Followers of our Saviour Jesus Christ were first called Christians and accordingly the Bishop of this City was accounted the Third Patriarch of the World Rome being the First and Alexandria the Second others count it the Second Patriarchate As it had these great Honors so it was excellently built strongly fortified both by Art and Nature and very Populous till it fell into the hands of the Arabians Mamalucks and Turks who have made it desolate and suffer'd all its stately and most of its common Buildings to fall into decay June 3. 1098. it was recovered by the Christians but in 1188. it was again betrayed into the hands of the Mahometans who have been the Masters of it ever since it is incompassed with a double Wall one of Stone and the other of Brick with 460 Towers within the Walls the greatest part of these Walls remain with a most impregnable Castle at the East end of the City but almost all the Houses are falling down so that the Patriarch has remov'd his Dwelling to Damascus This City is built on both sides of the River Orontes over which there was a Bridge It stands about 12 Miles from the Mediterranean the River Pharpar passing on the South side of it This place is called in the Prophets Riâ—lah and was memorable in those times for the Tragedies of â—ecâ—nias and Zedechias Kings of Judah It stands about 20 Miles from Scanderone South and 22 from Aleppo in 68. d. 10. m. Long. and 36. 20. Lat. Antiochia Ciliciae was a City of Asia the Less in Cilicia a Bishops See seated upon the River Pyramus but what it is now is not known Antiochia Meandri See Tachiali Antiochia Comagenae was a City and a Bishops See at the foot of Mount Taurus in Syria between Anazarbe and Antioch upon the Euphrates Some say it still retains its name Antioch upon the Euphrates This City is mentioned by Pliny and upon the reverse of a Medal of the Emperor Severus Perhaps the same with that which the Syrians call Arados in Stephanus who recounts 10 others of this name of less importance the places of Situation are now unknown Antiochia in America a small City in the Kingdom of Popayan in the South America 15 Leagues from S. Foy Antiochia Pisidiae mention'd Acts 13. 14. was afterwards an Archbishops See but it is now a mean Village and called by the Turks Versacgeli or as others say Antachio it is distant from Iconium 60 Miles North-West from Ephesus 160 East Antipatride Antipatris a City of Palestine built by Herod the Great and so call'd in Honor of Antipater his Father Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem took it in 1101. and erected the Church into an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Caesarea in 1265. the Saracens took it again and have quite ruined it It stood 6 Leagues from Joppe Antiscoti or the Isle of Assumption an Isle in the Gulph of S. Lawrence in New France in America where the French have establish'd some Colonies Antium Antio Rovinato an ancient City of Italy the Capital of the Volsci Famous in the Roman times for a Temple consecrated to Fortune Sometime also a Bishops See but since ruined by the Saracens Antivari Antibarum a Metropolitan City of Dalmatia seated upon a Mount upon the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea under the Dominion of the Turks The Archbishop of this City had 9 suffragan Bishops under him it is distant from Budoa West and Dolcingo East 10. Miles from Scutari South 18 Miles Antongil a Bay and Country in the Northern part of the Isle of Madagascar Antrim the most Northern County in the Province of Vlster in Ireland divided into 9 Baronies which are bounded on the East by S. Georges Channel on the the West by the River Banne that parts it from London-Derry on the North the Deucalidonian Ocean on the South the County of Down The chief Town is Carrick-fergus Antron an antient Town of Thessalia The Asses of this Country were said to be prodigiously great whence the Proverb Asinus Antronius for a very ignorant Person Antros a small Island at the Mouth of the Garonne on the Coast of Guienne in France where stands the celebrated Tour de Cordovan to light the Vessels that go to Bordeaux Antwerp Anversa called by the French Anvers by the Germans Antorf is a City of the Low Countries in the Dukedom of Brabant upon the River Scheld It is a large and beautiful City and was about 100 years since the most populous and best traded City in all those Provinces and in 1559. was made a Bishops See by Paul IV. In 1569. the Duke de Alva built here a strong Castle In 1576. the Hollanders plundred it In 1585. the Duke of Parma reduc'd it under the Dominion of the Spaniard again in whose hands it now is but all these Mutations and the building of Forts upon the River by the Hollanders has reduced much of its antient Glory and it is now decaying Abraham Ortelius a learned Geographer who was born here has described this City at large as also Lewis Guicciardin in his Description of the Low Countries It stands 10 Miles from Ghant and as many from Brussels Anzerma or S. Anna d' Anzerma a small City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America Aoaxe a River of Abissinia in Africa it riseth in the Borders of the Provinces of Xao and Oggo and being augmented with the Streams of Machi it runs Eastward through the Kingdom of Adel the Capital of which Avea Guerela being watered by it it falls into the Gulph of Arabia Aonia a mountainous Country of Baeotia in
Brietius Ardee Ardea a River of Normandy which falls into the British Sea at Auranches near the Limits of the Dukedom of Britain Ardee or Atherdee a small Market-Town in the County of Louth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland King James II. lay encamped upon the Plains here with an Army of 20000 Men whilst the Duke of Schomberg and his Forces were so strongly entrench'd at Dundalk who not accepting of a Battle when it was presented by King James both the Armies retired soon after without fighting into their Winter Quarters November 1689. Ardembourg or Rodenbourg Ardenburgum a Town in Flanders Taken by the Hollanders in 1604. One League from Sluys Ardennes Ardenna Sylva call'd by the Germans Ardenner-waldt and Luitticher-waldt is the greatest Forest in all the Low-Countries it reacheth above 100 Miles in length as this day extending itself through the Dukedom of Luxemburgh the Bishoprich of Liege the South part of Henalt and to the Borders of Champaign it is taken notice of by Cesar and Tacitus Ardes a Tract in the County of Down in Vlster in Ireland upon the Lake of Coin in the form almost of a Peninsula Ardesche a River of the Province of Vivarets in France It passes by Aubenas to the Rhosne into which it discharges itself near S. Esprit and separates Languedoc from Vivarets Ardfeart a Town in the County of Kerry in the Province of Munster in Ireland Ardila a River of Spain whichriseth in Andaluzia and dischargeth itself into the Guadiana below the City of Olivenza in Portugal Ardmonack is a Territory in the County of Rosse in Scotland belonging to the Royal Family of Scotland Charles I. as second Son to King James I. had the Title of Baron of Armonack given him at two year of Age. Ardrach a Town in the County of Longford in the Province of Connaught in Ireland Ardres Ardra is a little but well fortified Town in the County of Guienne in Picardy in France it stands in the Marshes in the Borders of Artois three Leagues from Calis toward the South and a little more from Gravelin Francis I. and Henry VIII King of England had an enterview with each other near this Town in 1520. Both Courts appearing so magnificent that they call'd the place a Field of Cloth of Gold In 1596 Cardinal Albret took it for the Spaniards who did not keep it long § Also the Name of a Kingdom and City in Guiney in Africa Ardret Ardrathen or Ardrat Ardatum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh in the County of Kerry in Ireland Are Arus a River of York-shire It arises upon the Borders of Lancashire and falls into the Ouse below York Arembourg Areburium a Town of the lower Germany lately adorn'd wiah the Title of a Principality it lies between Colen to the North and Treves to the South upon the River Aer 7 German Miles from Juliers to the South and 4 from the Rhine West Arequipa one of the most considerable Cities of Peru in America upon the River Chila 7 Leagues from the South Sea 70 from Cusco And a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima with a commodious Port. It is made rich by the Silver Mines of the Andes that are found within 14 Leagues of it In 1582. an Earthquake as the Country here is very subject to them almost shook it to peices In 1600 the Vulcano which stands by it broke out into terrible Flames They did use to bring the Treasure of Potosi hither but the difficulty of the Road has driven them to Arica Arestinga Liba an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Provinces of Kherman and Dulcinca in Persia Arethusa a City of Syria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Apamea § Another in Macedonia by some call'd Taino and Renina upon the Bay of Contessa § Also a Lake in Armenia Major near the source of the River Tigris Arezzo Aretium a City and a Bishops See immediately under the Pope in Tuscany in Italy Famous in the time of the old Romans Arg Argus a River of Swabia in Germany Passing by Wangen it afterwards falls into the Lake of Constance Argan a Town in New Castile in Spain A Council here held in 1473 enjoyns every Bishop to say Mass thrice and simple Priests four times at least a year and that none be preferred to Ecclesiastical Dignities who understand not Latin It seems the Learning and Devotion of that age went toutes par la main Argens Argenteus a River of Provence in France It arises from three several Sources then falls into the Ocean near Frejus Agentan Argentomum Argentomagum a City of Normandy in France upon the Vrne Argenten a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France upon the Creuse Argentor a River in the Province of Angoumois in France falling into the Charente at Porsac Argentrevil Argentolium a small Town three Leagues from Paris There is a Priory in it dependent of the Abby of St. Denis Argile Argathelia a very large County in the Western parts of the Kingdom of Scotland upon the West of Dunbritaine Frith This was the first Country the Scots who came out of Ireland possess'd themselves of as is shewn by Camden out of Bede First also made a County or Earldom by James II. King of Scotland who invested Colin Lord Campbell with the Title of Earl of Argile in regard of his own and of the worth of his Family which is deriv'd from the antient Princes of this Country They have also saith Camden been made Lords of Lorn and for a good while General Justices of Scotland but the two last Earls were unfortunate Anginuses an Island of Greece where the Athenians under Conon obtained a great Victory over the Lacedemonians in the Year of Rome 347. Argipeeni an antient People of Sarmatia They never would go to War with their Neighbours Arglas is a small Town in the Province of Vlster in the County of Down in Ireland with a Haven belonging to it The Lord Cromwel of Oakham is Earl of this place Argonne a Territory part in Champagne and part upon the Borders of Loraine in France Beaumont and Clermont stand in it Argos the antient capital City of a Kingdom of the same name in the Morea now call'd the Province of Romania This Kingdom was Founded by Inachus contemporary with Moses or 346 years before him in Eusebius's Calculation It continued 546 Years then changed into a Republick which maintain'd several Wars with the Grecians The City has been first an Episcopal and next an Archiepiscopal See In 1383 the Venetians bought it In 1463 the Turks took it In 1686. General Morosini reduced it under the Venetians again Argos Amphilogium was a City of Epirus ruin'd long ago § There was another of the Name in Thessalia in Macedonia call'd now Armiro Argow one of the four parts of Switzerland taking its name from the River Arg upon the Borders of Constance Arguin Arguinum a small Island with a Fort upon
Mart 1300 German Miles its breadth between the Mouth of the Red Sea and the supposed Streights of Aman is 1220 Miles now divided into five principal Parts 1 Tartary 2 China 3 India 4 Persia 5 and the Turkish Empire Asia Minor See Natolia Asine the same with Anchora Asoph Tanais called Azack or Azeck by the Inhabitants la Tana by the Italians is a City of the Precopensian Tarters at the Mouth of the River Tanais which cuts the City into two parts and then immediately falls into the Lake of Moeotis It has a large Haven and a strong Castle which stands by the River taken by the Muscovites anno 1638. which upon false Accusation cost Cyrillus Lucaris Patriarch of Constantinople his Life but it was re-taken by the Turks who are now Masters of it the Town is square and built at the foot of a Hill in 67 d. of Long. and 54. 30. of Lat. Asopus the name of 3 Rivers one in Achaia now called Arhon the second in the Morea and the third in Asia minor near Laodicea Aspe a Valley of the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland watered by the Gave de Oleron It s principal Town is Accous Asphaltites or the Dead Sea by the Arabians sometimes called Baar Lout that is the Sea of Lot in Memory of his Deliverance is a Lake of Judaea in the same place where formerly the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were consumed The Rivers Jordan Arnon and others fall into it 580 Furlongs long and 150 broad according to Josephus They say no Fish can live in it for the Bituminousness of its Water and that nothing ever grows upon its Banks Assasiniens a People formerly inhabiting about 12 Towns in Phaenicia near Tyre under a King of their own Electing Whilst they paid a Tribute to the Templers they offered to turn Christians to be discharged of the same but the Templers refused it which says William of Tyre has been the cause of the ruine of Religion in the East In 1231 Lewis of Bavaria was assassinated by these People In 1257 the Tartars came upon them and killed their Antient or King and took their Towns and we have had no further account of them ever since Assinarius a River of Sicily See Falconara Assinshire Assinus a County in the North-western part of Scotland it has Strathnavern on the North the Mountains of Marble and Alabaster on the East Rosse on the South and the Irish Sea on the West This is properly a part of the County of Rosse and therefore little is said of it Assisi Aesisium Assisium a City of Vmbria in the Patrimony of St. Peter it is a Bishops See built on a Hill 5 Miles from the River Asio L'Assumption Assumptio a small new City in the Southern America near the River of Plate in Paragua it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de la Plata Assyria the first of all the Empires and Kingdoms in the World It subsisted for 1300 years under 37 Kings or according to the computation of others for 1484 years under 41 Kings that is from Nimrod and Ninus the first of which reigned at Babylon in the year of the World 1879 the other at Ninive down to Sardanapalus who burnt himself in 3178. 876 years before the coming of our Saviour Now it is a Province of Asia called otherwise Mosul and Arzerum between Diarbeck and Persia under the Grand Seignior See Mosul Asta a City and Roman Colony lying between Piedmont and Montferrat it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan well fortified with a strong new Castle belonging to it once a Commonwealth then it became a part of the Dukedom of Milan and was under the Viscounti being disjoyned from that Dukedom in the year 1531. after various changes itfell into the hands of the Duke of Savoy who is still Master of it It is 15 Miles distant from Casal to the South § There is another City of the same name in Andalusia and another in the East-Indies in the Kingdom of Decan Astabat a City of Armenia upon the Frontiers of Persia within a League of the River Aras not great but very beautiful and enriched with excellent Wine Astaces the antient name of a River in the Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor Astachar Astacara a City of Persia upon the River Bendemir near the Ruins of Persepolis which was once the Capital of the Kingdom of Persia but is now decaying Astarac or Estarac Astaracensis tractus a little County 7 or 8 Leagues long in the Province of Gascoigne in France Asterabath or Sterabath Asterabatia a City and Province of Persia towards the Caspian Sea The City stands 20 Leagues from Gorgian Astetlan a Province of the new Kingdom of Mexico in America upon the Coast of the Vermiglian Ocean Astora Astura Augusta a City and Bishoprick in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain 9 Miles from Leone the Archbishops See to the South This City is also called Astorga Astracan Astracanum the Capital City of a Tartarian Kingdom in Asia near the Mouth of the River Rha or rather Wolga where it falls into the Caspian Sea it is built in an Island made by that River about 25 German Miles from the Sea-shoar and has been in the Hands of the Muscovites ever since the Year 1554. before which time it had Kings of its own The Kingdom of Astracan is a considerable part of the Czar's Dominion it lies in Tartaria Deserta from the Head of the River Rha to the Caspian Sea and extends West to the River Tanais which parts it from the Precopensian Tartars It was conquered by Johannes Basilovits Emperor of Muscovy Asturia was once a Kingdom but is now a part of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain it lieth in length from Biscay to Galaesia The eldest Son of the King of Castile is stil'd Prince of the Asturia's it being divided into two parts as the English Prince is of VVales of which this is an Imitation as also the Delphinate in France Atacama a Desart in the Province of los Charcas in the Kingdom of Peru in America along the Coast of the Pacifick Ocean Atad Caucasus a Mountain in Asia much celebrated by the antient Poets § Also a Country beyond Jordan in the Holy Land where the obsequies of the Patriarch Jacob were performed by his Children Gen. 50. 10. Atavillos a People of Peru. Atha a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria which falls in the Danube a little above Ingolstad Athamania a Country of Epirus between Acarnania Aetolia and Thessalia free and under Princes of its own till it submitted to Philip King of Macedon Athamas a River of Aetolia in Greece with a Mountain of the same name from whence it springs Aeth Athum a small but strong Town in the Province of Henalt upon the River Dender Tenera which falls into the Schelde 2 Leagues distant from the Confines of Flanders 5 East from Tournay Taken in 1667. by the French and by the Treaty of
Bagdad or Bagdet that part which lay on the Western side being deserted by degrees is become a heap of Rubbish This City lies in an oblong figure is great and well fortified it has a Bridge of Boats over the Tigris and a strong Castle in which the Turkish Bassa resides It has been very often taken and re-taken by the Turks and Persians The former possess'd themselves of it in 1638. after a bloody Siege in which they lost 40000 Men and have kept it ever since It lies 79. 20. Long. 35. 40. Lat. and is by many Writers mistaken for Babylon tho it lies at the distance of forty Miles from it and upon the Tigris whereas that lies upon the Euphrates Bach Bachia a small Episcopal City of the Lower Hungary under the Archbishop of Colocza upon the Danube where the River Sâ—rwizzâ— meets it This Bishoprick is united for ever to the Metropolitan See and it was in the hands of the Turks till 1686. when by the taking of Quinque Ecclesiae and the deserting of Colooza by them after Buda was taken it returned under the Obedience of the Emperor Bachian Bachianum called Bacham by the Portugals one of the Molucco Islands in the East-Indies and a distinct Kingdom small but very fruitful under the Dominion of the King of Machian from whence it lies about 30 Miles to the South and a little less from the Island of Gioli almost exactly under the Line It has a Town of the same name and a Fort belonging to the Dutch called Barnewelt Bacha Serrail or Bacie-Saray the Capital City of the lesser Tartary upon the River Kabarta and the usual residence of the Cham of the Crims Bachu a City of Albania upon the Caspian Sea in the times of the Roman Empire it is supposed to have been called Albana but there is some Controversie about it From this City the Caspian Sea is called by some Mar di Bachu § And there is also another City in Arabia Felix called by the same name in Ptolemy Backow Bachow Baccovia a City of Walachia as others of Moldavia upon the River Alauta which falls into the Danube a little above Nicopolis This was made a Bishops See by Pope Clement VIII under the Archbishop of Colocza it is in the Northern Bounds of Walachia about 25 Miles North West of Targvisco the Capital City of that Province By some called Braislow Bacras one of the Branches of Mount Taurus which rises in Cilicia a Province of Asia the less Bactriana Batter in the modern Appellation was an antient Province of Persia answering in part now to Corasan in Persia and in part to Vsbeck in Tartary divided by the River Geichon It s Capital City was Bactra hereafter mentioned by the name of Bagdasan which is of little consideration The River Bactrus of this Country has also changed its name to Buschian falling into the Geichon The antient Inhabitants had the repute of the best Soldiers in the World they were always in Arms upon the account of the Scythians their Neighbors who lived by Spoil And much addicted to Astrology Zoroaster their King being the supposed Author of that Science under the name of Magick Baeueen Baduhennae Lucus a famous Forest in Friesland one of the United Provinces mentionedby Tacitus it is still the greatest Wood in all that Province by the Common People called Seven-Wolden that is the Seven Woods It stands 3 Leagues from Groningen to the Westward towards Slote others suppose it to be meant of Coevorden a strong Town in Trans-Issillane near the River Schwart-water or Groeningen-Diep which falls near Groningen called by the Romans Virus but the most common and best supported Opinion is the first Badai a People of Tartaria Deserta adoring the Sun and some say a red Clout elevated in the Air. Badajox Pax Augusta a City of Estremadura which heretofore belonged to Portugal inthe Confines of which it stands but is now the Capital of Estremadura a Province in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain large populous and well fortified and seated on a Hill The Portugals after they had driven out the Spaniards very unfortunately attempted the Recovery of this Place in 1658. It lies 3 Leagues from Yelves to the East and 25 from Sevil to the North-West It stands upon the River Guadiana where the River Xevora falls into it on the opposite side It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella has a Bridge over the River and was heretofore a Dukedom erected by Henry IV. King of Castile Anne the Wife of Philip II. King of Spain died here in 1580. It lies in 13. d. of Long. and 38. 45. of Lat. Badara a Town in the East-Indies in a Peninsula on this side of the River Ganges upon the Coast of Malabar in the Kingdom of Calecut 6 Leagues from Calecut to the East Badascian Maracanda a City often mentioned in the Writers of the Life of Alexander the Great Tamerlane the Great was born here and had his Palace in it who much beautified it and erected here an University It belongs now to the Province Zagataja in Tartary and lies about 100 Miles North of the River Oxu A famous place for Merchandile very large and the Capital of the Eastern Tartars Chalcocondylas calls it Samarachantan and the Tartars Samarcand Badelona a Town of Catalonia in Spain call'd by Mela Baetulo once famous now a Village not far from Barcinone and about a League from a River of the same name heretofore now called Besos which falls into the Mediterranean Sea between these two Places Baden Ober Baden Aquae Castellum Aquarum Thermae superiores a Town in Switzerland between Zurich from which it is distant two Leagues and Basil from which it stands six Leagues As the Assemblies of the Cantons are usually held here this place is famed for a League treated amongst themselves in 1656. There was a general meeting of the Deputies of the 13 Suisse Cantons held here Octob. 1690. wherein they resolved in reference to the present War betwixt the Confederate Princes and France that they would maintain a Neutrality but withal secure the pass of Augst and the Bishoprick of Basle with the four Forrest Towns in which the French did pretend to take their Winter Quarters It lies upon the River Limat Limagus which a little beneath falls into the Aar Arola the greatest River in those Countries which falls into the Rhine at Waldhust a Town of Schwaben Baden Bada Thermae Inferiores a small City of Schwaben in Germany the Head of the Marquisate of that name 5 Leagues from Strasburg to the South-East 1 from the Rhine and 8 from Spire famous for its natural Baths from whence it has its name The Marquisate is of no great extent but very populous and the Villages so thick lying along the Rhine that the whole Principality is compared to one continued City Long. 28. 40. Lat. 82. 20. It is called by the Germans Margraven Baden to distinguish it from other places called by
is sprung out of it which I shall mention in its proper place yet the State of the antient Town ought here to be described This place in Scripture is called Sin which as the Greek name which it afterwards bore 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies Clay or Mire because it was seated in a deep Miry Marsh upon the Nile And it was for many Ages the Key of Egypt that Country being of a very difficult Access on the side of Syria accordingly when Cambyses invaded Egypt Polyoenus in his 7th Book de Stratag tells us that Cambyses vigorously attacked Pelusium and the Egyptians as couragiously defended it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Shutting up the Entrance of Egypt against him Diodorus Siculus tells us the Kings of Egypt fortified this place on the same account with the utmost care and diligence see M. Bochart in his Geographia Sacra lib. 4. cap. 27. The Grecian Race of Kings were no less careful of the keeping this Place and after the Romans had it they did not neglect it neither Aelius Hadrianus one of their Emperors encompassed it with 3 Walls and called it by his own name Aeliopolis In the times of Christianity it was the Seat of an Archbishop under the Patriarch of Alexandria But when the Arabians and Saracens prevailed they as their Custom is intirely ruined this antient and most Noble City and built another on the opposite Shoar of the Nile which they called Damiata Pelusium stands 150 Miles from Alexandria to the East and 120 from Memphis or Grand Cairo to the North-East and not far from the Mediterranean Sea in Long. 63. 20. and Lat. 32. 20. Beleguanza This has passed with divers for a Province of Abyssinia but Ludolfus informs us there are 2 Kingdoms in Abyssinia called Bali and Ganz and ◠hat Baleguanza instead of a Province is but a Composition of their 2 Names Belenas a City of Palestine called Dan in Antient times Beles Subi a small River of Catalonia which falls into the Mediterranean Sea between Barcelona and Tarragona at the Town of Siges Belesine a Town in the Upper Perche in France where the States of the Province ordinarily assemble It is honored with a Castle Belesta a Fountain in the County of Foix in Aquttain in France which is particular for havinga flux and reflux increasing and decreasing continually every Hour from the end of July to the beginning of December Belforte there are 3 places thus called one in Narbone in France the Seat of the old Vocontii upon the Durance another in Istria and a third in Calabria Vlterior Belgart a Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania in the Territory of Cassuben which lies between the Baltick Sea and Prusia upon the River Persante 2 Miles from the Baltick Sea and 3 from Colberg Belgan a vast Mountain in Tartary called Imaus by the Latin Geographers which runs very near the whole length of Asia from North to South See Imaus Belgae a Warlike and Hardy People of the antient Gallia Belgica mentioned with Honor by Jul. Caesar For their Boundaries See Gallia The name now of Belgae and Belgium all know is given to the Low Countries Belgiojosa a Village and Castle in the Dukedom of Milan within 5 Miles of Pavia near the Po belonging to the Counts of Barbiano Fort Belgique Arx Belgica the name that the Hollanders have given to one of their Forts in the Island of Nera belonging to Banda amongst the Moluccaes Belgrade Alba Graeca called by the Germans Griechisch Weissemburg by the Italians Belgrado is a great and strong City belonging to the Kingdom of Hungary seated upon the South side of the Save where it falls into the Danube in the Province of Rascia this was a long time the Bulwark of Christendom against the Turks who lost several Armies before it Amurath II. lost here a Victorious Army in 1439. and when Mahomet II. his Son besieged this City a second time An. 1456. with an Army of 250000 Men the brave Huniades preserved it and ruined that vast Army by a Stratagem for he suffered a Party of the Turks to enter the Town and whilst they were Plundering the Houses made a Sally upon those without took their Cannon and turned them upon themselves in the Confusion destroying 40000 of them and possessed himself of their Cannon Camp Baggage and Amunition so that the Turks were forced to an inglorious Flight Johannes Huniades died the same year of the Plague But in 1521. Solyman the Magnificent took it after a Siege of two Months Lewis then King of Hungary a Child of 15 Years of Age not regarding it and all the other Christian Princes being engaged in mutual and destructive Wars The Imperialists won it again Sept. 6. 1688. by Storm about 600 Christian Slaves were happily released on the occasion who being most of them chained together and placed before a Party of Turks to screen them from the Fury of the Soldiers obtained Quarter for themselves and their Enemies But the Turks possessed themselves again of it Oct. 8. 1690. a chance Bomb communicating a Fire from one Magazine to another with so much fury that a great number of the Garrison were blown up with the Walls and Ramparts the Ditch filled and so large a passage made for the Enemy that they entred by entire Squadrons and cut to peices all they met This City belongs properly to Servia the Despot of which Consigned it over to Sigismund King of Hungary for Lands of a better value distant from Vienna 102 German Miles 26 days Journey from Constantinople Leo X. made it a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Antivari in Dalmatia Long. 47. 00. Lat. 46. 50. Beligrard Hermonassa a small Town or City of Bessarabia towards the Mouth of the River Moncastro by the Moldavians called Bialogrod and by the Turks Beligrard See Bialogrod Bella more The White Sea Bellac a small City in the County of La Marche in France upon the River Vnicou 2 Leagues from Dorat to the South and seven from Limoges to the North. Belle or Bailleul a Town in Flanders three Leagues from Ipre Bellegarde a small City in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Saone Arar This City was once very well fortified it stands 5 Leagues from Challon to the North and not far from the Borders of the Dukedom In 1620. itself was advanced to the Title of a Dukedom § Likewise the name of a strong place in the County of Rousillon upon the Frontiers of Catalonia betwixt Ceret and Jonquera The Spaniards made themselves Masters of it in 1674. and after they had fortified it were obliged to surrender it to the French again when they attacked it under the Comand of the late famous Mareschal Schomberg Belle-Ifle Calonesus an Island upon the Southern Coast of Britany in France not far from the Port of Brest 6 Leagues in Length and 2 in Breadth called by the Dutch Boelin It is furnished with a good Road and Castles to secure it and
Winchester Castle from him and kept it through the whole course of its Fortunes Of late since its total Consumption and Ruin Lewis XIII built an Hospital in the place of it for maimed Soldiers Bicester a Market-Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Ploughley Bicoqua a small Town in the Milanese in Italy 3 Miles from Milan The French were here defeated by the Swisse in 1522. Bidache a Town upon the River Bidouse in the Territory of Bearne in France 5 or 6 Leagues from Bayonne It sustains the Title of a Principality and has a Castle which Charles V. never could Conquer Bidassoa Bidasso and Vidasso a small River which riseth out of the Pyrenean Hills in the Confines of Navarr 7 Miles from S. Johns and presently crossing the Pyrenean Mountains it runs between the Territories of Labour in France and Guipuscoa in Spain and falls into the Cantabrian Ocean at Fontarabia where it divides France from Spain Famous for the Pyrenean Treaty here made in an Island of this River between the Kings of France and Spain Nov. 7. 1659. and also for an interview between those two Princes in 1660. in the same Island called the Island of Pheasants Bidlyn the present name of Indus one of the most famous Rivers of the East-Indies Bidumi Idumaea a part of Palestine Biela Bugella Gaumellum and Laumellum a Town in the District of Vercellois in Piedmont under the Duke of Savoy and the Capital of a small Territory called Le Biallese It is rich handsom and populous Francis II. Duke of Modena died here in 1658. Biela Osero that is in the Muscovian Language the White Lake is a Province of Muscovy which is honored with the Title of a Dukedom between the Province of Wologda to the East and North and that of Novigrod which is also a Dukedom to the South and West The chief City of it is Biela seated upon a River of the same name almost in the middle between Novigrod to the East and Wologda to the West and about 62 German Miles North-West of Moskow the Capital of this Kingdom written sometimes Bela. The Grand Duke of Muscovy shuts up a part of his Treasures in this City because its Situation in the midst of many Marshes renders it almost impregnable Bielba a City of Muscovy towards the Confines of Lithuania about 30 German Miles North of Smolasko and 59 North-West from Moscow there is a Province annexed to this City called Bielki This City is written Bielha and Bielska and the Province Bielski It is one of the Titles in the Stile of the Grand Duke of Muscovy Bielski See Bielba Bielsko Bielco a City in the Province of Smolaske in Poland between Grodno to the South and Bressici to the North. This place was by Treaty surrendred to the Muscovites in 1634. together with Smolensko Novograd and other strong places and the Territories belonging to them It stands upon the River Biala with a strong Fortress betwixt Brescici and Warsaw Bienne Bienna called by the Germans Biel is a small City in Switzerland seated upon a Lake of the same name between Neufchastel to the South and Solothurn or Soleurre to the East under the Bishop of Basil but from 1547. it has been in the League with the Cantons and so in a manner almost free It was once also an Imperial City though now no part of the Empire Bientina a Town in the Province of Tuscany in Italy under the Great Duke of Florence taking its name from the Lake di Bientina Biescid a part of the Carpathian Fountains Bietala or Biutala a strong Fortress upon the furthermost Borders of the Kingdom of Barantola in Tartary It is the ordinary place of Residence for the Grand Lama that is the High Priest of their Law Bievre a small River in the Isle of France which after a short course falls into the Seyne a little above Paris The Water of this River is accounted excellent for dying of Scarlet In the years 1526. and 1579. it overflowed up to the second Story of the Houses in the Suburbs of S. Marcell at Paris Bigenis Abacena Abacenum a Town in the Island of Sicily near Messina upon the River called Fieume di Castro Reale in the Valley of Demona Bigleswade a Market-Town in Bedfordshire The Capital of its Hundred pleasantly seated on the River Ivel Bigorre Bigerrones Bigerrensis Comitatus a Province or County of France so called from the principal Town in length 10 Leagues and in breadth 3 bounded on the west with Bearn on the East with Tholouse on the North with Armagnac and Estrac and on the South with the Pyrenean Hills This was once an Earldom of a larger extent as Peter de Marca saith in his History of Bern. Tarbes is its Capital City Biguba a Kingdom of Nigritia in Africa Bilbao the chief City of Biscay in Spain call'd by the Romans Flaviobriga seated upon the River Nervio 2 Leagues from the Cantabrian Ocean a large beautiful well traded City from S. Andreo 13 Miles to the North-East and 24 from Bayonne to the South Joannes Mariana is of opinion that Bilbao is of a later Origine and saith it was built by Didacus Lupus de Haro Lord of Biscay in 1298. which is true but then it stands in the same place the old Name of Flaviobriga was given it in Honor of Vespasian This City stands in a Plain in a wet Ground upon a small River and is incompassed with very high Hills Bilbilis the Birthplace of the Poet Martial was an antient City in Hispama Tarraconensis belonging to the Celtiberi upon the River Xalon famous for excellent Iron and Steel some believe the modern Calatayud others Xiloca to be the same with it § Bilbilis is also the antient name of a River in that Country said to have a particular Virtue for tempering of Iron and Steel they now call it Xiloca See Xiloca Biledulgerid a City and Province in Africa which lies a great length from East to West but is not of equal breadth It is bounded on the North by Barbary on the East by Egypt on the South by Zahara or the Desart and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean a vast but barren Country nor has it any Cities of great Note in it Tarudante and Caphesa are the most considerable This Province was a part of the Country of the antient Getuli about 980 Miles long from East to West and 220 broad The name signifies a Country fruitful of Dates Bilefeld a Hanse Town in the Province of Westphalia in Germany towards Munster with a good Castle Bildeston a Market-Town in Suffolk in the Hundred of Cosford Bille Billena a River of Germany It riseth in the Province of Wageren separates Holstein from the lower Circle of Saxony and falls into the Elb at Hamburgh Billericay a Market-Town in Essex in the Hundred of Barnstaple Billesdon a Market-Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Gartrey Billingham a Market-Town in Northumberland in Tindale Ward Binbroke a Market-Town in
Lorrain upon the Frontiers of Germany Bitetto a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bari It is but small and indifferently Peopled Betwixt Bari and Bitonto Bithynia a celebrated Province of Asia Minor where stood the famous Cities of Nice and Chalcedon Heraclea and Apamea c. Heretofore a Kingdom which ended in the Person of Nicomedes IV. when dying without Issue he nominated the Romans his Heirs in the Year 679. that is 75 years before the Birth of our Saviour It lies towards the Euxine Sea and the Archipelago And now call'd Chintale Bito one of the Kingdoms of Nigritia in Africa separated from the Kingdom of Benin by the Mountains with a capital City of the same name Bitonto Butuntum a City of the Territory di Bari in Apulia in Italy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari 5 miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea towards the South and 8 from Bari to the West it lies in a very fruitful Plain in pretty good esteem and indifferently well Peopled Also adorn'd with the Title of a Marquisate Bitsin Bitisinum a Town in Silesia where Sigismund King of Poland besieged and took Maximilian Arch-Duke of Austria his Competitor in the Kingdom of Poland Prisoner in the Year 1578. and after upon the Intercession of Rodolphus II. and his renouncing of his pretence to Poland released him Bivar a Town of Hungary upon the Save Bivoras Salsum a River of Andalusia Bizano a Kingdom of Ethiopia divided from the Kingdom of Gojame in the same Region by the River Nile Blackburn a Market-Town in Lancashire near the River Derwent the capital of its Hundred Black Sea See Euxine Sea Blandiac a Town in the Diocese of Vsez in the Province of Languedoc in France Blanford a Market-Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Pimpern upon the River Stower Blankeberghe a Town and Port with a Castle in Flanders 2 Leagues from Bruges and thereabouts from Ostend Blanmont or Blamont Blamontium a Town in the Dukedom of Lorain upon the River Voiziere giving the Title of an Earl Formerly Fortifi'd At present in a low condition Blansac a Town in the Province of Angoumois in France upon the River Nai situated in a fruitful Soil betwixt Valette Bonteville and Angouleme Blavet a River of Bretagne in France giving Name to the Town Blavet see Porto Loüis and passing Pontivi and Hennebont falling into the Ocean at Porto Louis Blaye Blavium Blavutum a well fortified Town of great importance in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the River Gironde 6 Leagues from Bourdeaux The Gironde is a name they give the Garonne after its reception of the Dordogne Since the year 1475. by the order of Lewis XI the Foreign Vessels going up to Bourdeaux use to leave their Artillery here In the Civil Wars of France This Town was first taken by the Huguenots then by the Leaguers who held it out against a Siege in 1593. tho the Spanish Fleet coming to their assistance was defeated by the Marshal de Matignon Bleking a Province in Sweden yielded to them by the Danes in 1658. at the Treaty of Roskill It lies upon the Baltick Sea and was heretofore remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom Blemyes Blemiae an antient People of Aethiopia reduced under the Roman Empire in the time of the Emperour Marcian Fabulously reported to have their Eyes in their Breasts from nothing but an ill custom of holding down their Heads too low Blene a fruitful Country in the antient Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor watered by the River Amnias Mithridates King of Pontus defeated Nicomedes King of Bethynia here who thereupon retired into Italy Bletterans a Town in Franche Comtè upon the Borders of the Dutchy of Burgundy and the River Seile about 9 Leagues from Dole and Chalon Heretofore Fortifi'd now without Walls Bliburg or Blithborough a small Town in the County of Suffolk upon the South side of the River Blithe which a little farther falls into Southwold Bay In this Town Anna a Christian King of the East-Angles lies buried who was slain by Penda King of Mercia in a set Battle together with Ferminus his eldest Son in the year 654. Henry I. King of England founded afterwards a Priory of Black Canons But that being demolished the Town fell to ruin and is now a very small Place Blith a Market-Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Bassetlaw Blois Blesae a Town in France and Capital of a County call'd Le Blois it is well built and populous upon the Loire which is here passable by a Bridge of Stone it has also a Castle lately repair'd by Gaston Duke of Orleans The Kings of France have frequently retired hither to enjoy themselves by reason of the pleasantness of the situation of it and the Magnificence and Elegance of the Buildings Lewis XII was born here in the Year 1461. Ann his Queen died here in 1514. also Claude the Queen of Francis I. in 1524. and Catharine de Medices the Relict of Henry II. in 1589. Here was also that famous Assembly of the States of France in which by the order of Henry III. Henry Duke of Guise was Assassined together with the Cardinal his Brother which caused the Murdering of that Prince soon after by James Clement a Dominican Fryar in revenge of it This place lies between Tours and Orleans The County de le Blois is bounded on the East by the Dukedom of Orleans on the West by Tours on the South by Berry and on the North by Beausse Blonicz Blonicum a City or very great Town of the Kingdom of Poland in the Confines of the Province of Mazowski 7 Polish Miles from Warsaw towards the West built all of Timber Bobio Bobi Bobium a City in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Genoua It takes its situation upon the River Trabia and its Original from an Abby founded here in former times by S. Columbanus Bocchara a River of Bactria Bochir Canopus a City of Egypt upon the Western Branch of the Nile where Claudian the Poet was born 25 Miles East of Alexandria Bochar or Buchar Bochora and Buchara an antient and a stately City of Asia in the Province of Mawaralnahra call'd by the Romans Trans Oxiana Regio a days Journey beyond the River Oxus this City was the Birth-place of Avicenna the famous Arabian Physician and Philosopher who flourish'd in Spain in the X. Century He is said to have been the first that settled the true method of Physick by the many Books published by him he was born in 992. and died in 1050. Bodegrave a Town in Holland upon the Rhine 3 Leagues from Vtrecht Made remarkable by a Battle here fought betwixt the French and Dutch in the Year 1672. Bodmin Voliba or Voluba a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Trigg which returns Two Burgesses to the Parliament It
the Hundred of Lesnewth Camerino Camerinum an Episcopal City in the Marca Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church Seated at the foot of the Apennine upon the River Chiento which entereth the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles South of Ancona This was a considerable place in the time of the antient Romans and has sometime since born the Title of a Dukedom Leander gives it a strong Situation and plenty of People which last is rarely found in these Italian inland Cities He says also there was another Town of this Name in Campagnia di Roma which they call now Camerota It lies 24 Miles East of Spoleto Long. 36. 43. Lat. 42. 47. Camin Caminum a small City in the further Pomerania which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnisen whereas heretofore it belonged to Magdeburg It stands on the Eastern Shoar of the River Diwenow Odera over against the Island of Wolinsche not above a Mile from the Baltick Sea and about 7 from Stetin to the North. This belongs to the Duke of Brandenburgh by the Treaty of Westphalia and has imbraced the Augustan Confession Long. 39. 30. Lat. 54 12. Caminiec See Kaminieck Campagnano Campaniano Acheron a River of the Province of Calabria flowing from the Apennine and falling into the Tyrrhenian Sea about 8 Miles South of Amantea over against Stromboli a flaming Mountain in an Island of that Name Campagna a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Principato which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Conza with the Title of a Marquisate It stands between the Rivers of Atro and Tuza 16 Miles from Salerno to the East and 11 from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the East also Campagnia di Roma a Province of Italy under the Dominion of the Pope on the West it has S. Peters Patrimony on the North Sabina on the South the Mediterranean Sea and on the East the Kingdom of Naples Rome itself stands in this Province and it contains the far greatest part of the antient Latium the inland parts are fruitful and populous those towards the Sea are little inhabited by reason of the unwholsomness of the Air tho otherwise the Country is plain and fruitful enough Campanir Astacapra a City of the hither East-Indies Campden a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Kistgate the Earl of Gainesborough Viscount Campden has a Seat here Campen Campania a Town in Stiria § There is another of the same Name in Over-Yssel in the Low Countries upon the Western Banks of the Yssel near the Zuider Zee 5 Miles from Daventer to the North-East It was heretofore an Imperial free City but long since exempted and under the States General In 1672. taken by the French and the year following deserted It is a great lovely and important place and was the Birthplace of Albertus Pighius a very learned Man Long. 27. 14. Lat. 52. 42. Campiano a small Town in the State of the Valley of Taro in Italy near the River Taro. It is an important Pass and therefore carefully fortified by the Duke of Parma Campeach a City belonging to the Spaniards in the West-Indies taken by Captain Mynnes an English Man in 1662 being deserted by the Inhabitants The English took here 50 peices of Canon 14 Ships and the Governor Prisoner Campus Piorum a celebrated place in the Island of Sicily near Catania so called from the 2 Brothers Amphinomus and Anapus that carried their Father and Mother upon their Shoulders hither out of the flames of Aetna Val. Max. Cana a Town in the Tribe of Zabulon in Galilee in the Holy Land heretofore famous for the first Miracle of our Saviours operation on Earth at the Marriage of Simon Zelotes according to Nâ—cephorus Calixtus or of S. John the Evangelist according to others Now a poor Village inhabited by none but Turks For the Church which Helena the Mother of Constantine built in the place of that House where our Saviour celebrated the Marriage has been long since converted into a Mosque Nathanael was an Inhabitant of this Town Canada New France a large Country in the North America discovered first by the French and by them inhabited It lies North of New-England Quebec is the chief Colony of it The Savages speak different Languages and here as in other parts of America they have a custom to eat their Enemies taken in War a fate that particularly befel John Verrazan a Florentine who first took possession of this Country in the name of Francis I. King of France in 1525. There is a very great River of the same Country already known to run 500 Leagues full of large Islands and about 30 Leagues broad at the mouth called Canada by the Natives by the French S. Lawrence from their entrance into it upon that day The Saguenay and the Three Rivers fall into its Channel from the North. Cananor a Kingdom in the Promontory of Malabar on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies abutting upon the River Gangerocora 25 Leagues in length along the Coast with a City of the same Name sometime since taken by the Hollanders The Islands of Divandurou and Malicut amongst the Maldives are subject to this King Canara a Kingdom on this side the Gulph of Bengala in the East-Indies in the Promontory of Malabar separated from the Kingdom of Malabar to the South by the River Gangerocora and from that of Cuncan to the North by the River Aliga It is Tributary to the Great Mogul by some called Tulamar and at perpetual Enmity with the Kingdom of Malabar Canary Isles Canariae are 7 Islands over against the Coast of Lybia Interior so called from Canaria the principal of the number in which the Spanish Governor resides being about 20 Leagues in circuit and ennobled with a large handsom populous City of the same Name which is an Episcopal See These were called by the Antients the Fortunate Islands in general but their particular Names are Canaria Teneriff the Isle of Palmes the Isle of Iron Fuerte-Ventura Gomera and Lancelote and because a great number of Dogs was found in them in antient times therefore says Pliny they had all the Name of the Canaries In one of these the first Meridian is usually fixed viz. Teneriff They are are much frequented for their excellent Wines and Merchandises by the English and other Nations After the knowledg of them had been lost for many Ages they were first discovered again in 1330. Vid. Azores About the year 1344. Lewis de la Cerda Grandson to Alphonsus X. King of Castile and Earl of Clermont undertaking the Conquest of them thereby to introduce the Christian Faith was Crowned King of the Canaries by Pope Clement VI. He in his design failing they were afterwards granted to John Betancourt according as it is already remarked under the Word Azores Canathus a Fountain in the Morea in the Province of Napoli di Romania celebrated by the antient Poets for a Fiction of Juno's washing herself every year therein to
restore her Virginity § Also a City in Caelosyria in Asia which has sometime been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bastro mentioned by Ptolomy Canavese a Country in the principality of Piedmont betwixt the City Juraea and the River Po yielded to the Duke of Savoy by the Treaty of Querasque in 1631. Canche Cantius Quentia a River of Picardy springing near Blavincour in Artois passing by Ligny sur Canche receiving the Ternois at Hesdin and falling into the Ocean at Montreuil and Estaples Cancheu a great City in the Province of Kiangsi in China with a Territory of the same Name that is honored with the Government of a Viceroy distinct from the Viceroy of Kiangsi who resides in this City and commands also some Towns in the Provinces adjacent of Fokien Quantung and Huquang It is a place of extraordinary Trade and concourse Candahar Candahara the Capital of the Province of that Name belonging to the Kingdom of Persia and one of the greatest inland Cities of Asia seated on the Eastern Shoar of the River Balcan which running Northward falls into the Oboengir which last by Oxus or Gehun is conveyed in the Caspian Sea On the East it is defended by a strong Wall on the West by an high Mountain in the middle of it is a Rock on which is built a Castle The Suburbs are greater than the City and much frequented by the Persian and Indian Merchants who pass to and fro through it It lies in Long. 110. Lat. 34. 40. This City has been often taken and retaken between the Mogul and the King of Persia till at lâ—st the latter possessed himself of it and still keeps it Cande or Candes Candensis Vicus a Town in the Province of Touraine in France upon the Loyre where S. Martin the Bishop so much extolled by Sulpitius Severus who writes his Life dyed Nov. 11. An. Dom. 400. § Likewise a River in Languedoc falling into the Aveirou Candea or Candi the most considerable Kingdom in the Island of Ceylan in the East-Indies and a great and populous City the capital thereof upon the River Trinquilemale Candei an antient People of the Gulph of Arabia call'd heretofore Ophiomages from their eating of Serpents Candelaro a River of the Kingdom of Naples springing out of the Apennine Mountains in the Capitanata and ending in the Adriatick near Manfredonia Candelona or Candelora a Town and principality in the Province of Caramania in the lesser Asia The Town stands upon the Bay of Laiazzo between the lesser Asia and Syria eight Miles from Antioch to the North and 5 from Scanderoon to the South Candia Creta Jovis Insula in Virgil being heretofore consecrated to him is one of the noblest Islands in the Mediterranean Sea lying opposite to the Mouth of the Archipelago In Length from East to West two hundred and fifty Miles in Breadth sixty in Circuit five hundred and forty Heretofore it was full of a hundred potent Cities and thence call'd Hecatompolis most of which are now ruined To omit the more antient Story of this Island it was granted by Baldwin Earl of Flanders to the Earl of Montisferat who in 1194. sold it to the Venetians Others say that when the Latins in 1204 took Constantinople this and the other Islands in the Aegean Sea fell to the Venetians for their share In 1645. the Turks invaded it and in 1669. by taking of Candia possess'd themselves of all but two or three Forts upon the Sea The inland Parts are very mountainous yet fruitful especially of Wines and other such Fruits but it wants Corn. Whilst it was under the Venetians it was so populous that they might raise in it 60000 Men. The Language there then used was the vulgar Greek and they were accordingly of the Greek Church though with a mixture of the Latin Service in some places Now divided into four Territories or jurisdictions call'd Candia Canea Rettina and Sittia from the four Principal Cities in it of those Names Long. 51. Lat. 34. § Candia the chief City of the Isle of Crete called by the Greeks Castro and Candax was an Archbishop's See great rich and populous as long as it continued in the Hands of the Venetians And stood the longest Siege against the Turks of any place in the World but was at last forced to submit September 27. 1669. upon Conditions very honourable after a Blockade of 22 Years from 1645. to 1667. and a Siege of two more from 1667. to 1669. In which space the Turks are thought to have lost about 600000 Men before it It lies on the Northern shoar of that Island something nearer to the Western End The Labyrinth of Minos in a Grott cut out of a Rock is yet to be seen here Canea an Episcopal City in the Island of Candia and the Capital of an adjacent Territory denominated from it Taken by the Turks Aug. 26. 1645. which loss was an Introduction to the long Blockade and Siege of Candia Canesham a Market-Town in Somersetshire seated at the fall of the River Chire into the Avon near Bristol Cangria See Gangra Canisa See Kanisa Cannares Savages of Peru in the Province of Quito Cannae Cannata desâ—rutta in Italian is a ruined small Town in the Province of Apulia in Italy where Hannibal engaging the Romans in a bloody Battle slew 40000 of them upon the Place in the Year of Rome 558. with Paulus Aemilius Consul and so many Gentlemen that he sent to Carthage three Bushels of Rings as a Token of his vast Victory Cannes a Town in Provence in France to the Sea over against the Lerin Islands misunderstood by Cluverius to be the Oxibius Portus of Strabo because it has no Port. Cannibals the Savages of the Caribby Islands notorious for eating their Enemies whether taken alive or slain in the Field Cano or Ghana a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa bounded by the River Niger to the South the Kingdom of Cassena to the East the Agades to the West and the Desart to the North. The Capital City bears the same Name with it and stands upon a Lake Canopus an antient City of Aegypt towards that Mouth of the Nile which is distinguished by the same Name It has been an Episcopal See formerly and in the opinion of some Authors the Country of the Poet Claudian The modern Bochira near Alexandria is supposed to be this antient Place under a new Name Canosa Canusium an antient City in the Terra di Bari in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See that is united to the Archbishoprick of Bari five Miles from the Ruines of Cannae upon the Ascent of a Hill with the River Ofanto at the Foot of it Horace gives the Character of Bilingues to its Inhabitants in the old Roman Times because the Language they spoke was an ill mixture of Latin and Greek It was a famous place for fine Russet colour'd Cloath whence the Word Canusinati in Martial for such as wore of it In this City the Emperor Henry IV.
not all inhabited Capoua Capua a City and Archbishoprick in the Kingdom of Naples in the Province Di Lavoro at the foot of Mount Tifata 16 Miles North of Naples and 12 from the Tyrrhenian Sea in Long. 38. 04. Lat. 41. 00. A City that was never fortunate and is now declining into ruins It was built by the Lombards upon the River Voltorno and advanced to a Bishoprick by P. John XIV in 968. Two Leagues from the Ruines of the famous antient Capoua that delicious City as they call'd it which compared itself with Rome and Carthage and so debauched the Army of Hannibal with its pleasures in one Winter that they quartered there after the Battle of Cannae that they were not capable of beating the Romans any more In 1118 Pope Gelasius II. held a Council here in which the Emperour Henry V. was Excommunicated together with Gregory VIII an Antipope Cappadocia a Province of Asia Minor bounded to the East by the Lesser Armenia to the South Cilicia to the West Pamphylia and Galatia and to the North by the Euxine Sea It has been twice a Kingdom The first time for 470 years successively till the Romans overcame and changed it into a Province The second from the 12th Century to the year 1461. by the Title of the Kingdom of Trebisonde from the City Trebisonda till Mahomet II. Emperour of the Turks took and carri'd the King prisoner into Greece It is now known by the name of Tocat See Tocat Capraia Capraria Aegilium is a small Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea on the Confines of the States of Genoua between the Coast of Italy to the East and the Island of Corsica to the West to which last it belongs and is therefore subject to the State of Genoua it is 18 Miles in compass and has a Castle for its security against Pyrats full of Mountains but yet not barren nor unpeopled and chiefly abounds in Goats from whence it hath its Name and excellent Wines 36 Miles South from the States of Genoua and 24 from Corsica There is another Island of the same Name in the Adriatick Sea upon the Coast of Apulia and La Palma one of the Canary Islands was antiently call'd Capraria Caprarola a stately and magnificent Palace in S. Peters Patrimony in Italy 25 miles from Rome near Viterbo belonging to the D. of Parma and built in the last Age by Cardinal Alexander Farnese It is particularly remark'd for a whispering Room in it where four Persons at several Corners shall understand the lowest whispers of one to another whilst those in the middle of the Room cannot here a word that is said It is one of the noblest structures in all Italy Capri Caprea an Island belonging to the Kingdom of Naples famous for the Secession of Tiberius Caesar who lived here in great privacy in the latter part of his Reign spending his time in Debauchery and Villany It lies in the Tyrrhenian Sea at the Mouth of the Bay of Naples about 3 miles from the Cape of Campanella and is about 12 in compass The chief Town of it is called by the same Name and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Amalfi seated at the South End of the Island The Bishops best revenue comes from Quails which twice in the year resort in vast numbers to this Island whence some have called him the Bishop of Quails This Island is much mentioned in the Writers of the Life of Tiberius and other Roman Historians Capsa an antient Town in Libya Interior defended by the Sands and Serpents of the Desarts that environ it on all sides better than any Walls and Ramparts could do say Salust and Florus Carabes Pelusium the most Eastern Mouth of the Nile Carabogaana one of the Names of Moldavia Caragoza Caesar Augusta See Saragoza Caraman Caramania a Province of the Lesser Asia extended from East to West upon the Mediterranean Sea opposite to the Isle of Cyprus this Country had heretofore Princes of its own but has now for many Ages been subject to the Turks it includes the antient Provinces of Cilicia Pamphylia and a part of Caria One of the potentest Viceroys or Beglerbegs of the Turkish Empire takes his Title from this Province tho his Jurisdiction is somewhat larger The principle Cities in it are Cogni Antiochia and Satulia There is another Caramania or Carnania a large Country in Persia bounded on the East with Gedrosia or Circan on the West with Farsi Sublestan to the North and the Gulph of Ormus with the Indian Ocean to the South Containing the Provinces of Guadel Dulcinda and Ormus It is now called Kherman after its capital City which stands upon the River Bessiry The Northern part is rather barren but the middle is blessed with fruitful Vales. Caramit Amida Ammaea the capital City of Mesopotamia which is an Archbishops See upon the River Tigris Heretofore called Constantia from Constantius the Emperour The Romans in this place received a great defeat by the Parthians Long. 75. 00. Lat. 39. 30. according to the latest Maps It is secured with good Walls and 360 Towers Caragues Salvages of Peru in the Province of Quito towards the Coasts of the South Sea Caratcholi or Karakioles a People about the Mountain Caucasus in Asia descended from the Hunns and speaking the Turkish Language Caravacca or Crux de Caravacca so called from a miraculous Crucifix there preserved which they pretend was brought from Heaven by an Angel is a Village amongst the Mountains in the Kingdom of Murcia in Spain near the River Segura upon the Borders of Old Castile Caravaggio a Town in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy upon the Borders of the Bergamasco Where Francis Sforza Duke of Milan gain'd a signal Victory over the Venetians in 1446. Carbury a Town and Barony in the County of Kildare in Ireland and another Town in the County of Cork Carcanossi a fruitful and well cultivated Country in the South of the Isle of Madagascar where the French have established some Colonies not long since Carcassonne Carcassum Volcarum Tectosagum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Narbonne upon the River Atax l' Aude a little above its confluence with the Fresquel Famous for Cloathing and other mechanick Trades It stands 5 Leagues South of Aleth having a Castle Long. 23. 05. Lat. 42. 40. The Diocese belonging to this City is called Le Comte de Carcassonne the Earldom of Carcassone The antient Earls whereof were great protectors and favourers of the Albigenses Whence One came to be Massacred in the Church at Besiers in 1167. and a Second had his Estate confiscated to the Earl of Monfert by a Decree of the Synod of Mountpellier in 1214. and afterwards of the grand Council of Lateran in 1215. Carcinatus or Carentus the Western Bay of the Euxine Sea which shuts the passage into the Crim Tartary in that Neck of Land which makes it a Peninsula and is defended by the Fort Pericop that gives name to the whole Nation
Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Frebridge which Elects two Burgesses for the Parliament The Haven here being many years since choak'd up with Sands has brought this Town into decay Caston a Market-Town in Norfolk in the Hundred of S. Erpingham Castor a Market-Town in the Division of Lindsey in Lincolnshire and in the Hundred of Bradley Castres or Chartreux Castrum Albiensium a City and a Bishop's See upon the North side of the River Gout in the County of Albigeois in Languedoc in France This Bishoprick was first instituted by P. John XXII in 1317. under the Archbishop of Berry but in 1678. it was put under the Archbishop of Alby from which place itstands 7 Leagues to the South and 10 from Tholouse to the East The Huguenots took and Pillaged it in 1567. It also honoured with the Title of an Earldom Castro a Dutchy and Town belonging to the House of Farneze the Dukes of Parma but likewise challenged by the Ecclesiastical State For in the Wars betwixt Edward Duke of Parma and Pope Vrban VIII this Town amongst others was seised for the Pope in consideration of the Arrears of a certain Rent reserved to the Apostolick Chamber from the Dutchy as held to be a Fief of the Church Innocent X. razed it entirely to the ground and in the place thereof erected a Pillar with this Inscription Here was Castro and annexed the Dutchy to his See But the said Annexation was conditionally revoked by the Treaty of Pisa in 1664. The admirable Palace of Caprarola stands in this Dutchy The Dutchy is bounded on the East by S. Peter's Patrimony the Siennese to the West the Mediterranean to the South and the Territory of Orvieto to the North. The City had the Honor to be a Bishop's See immediately under the Pope till the Year 1646 that Innocent X. transferr'd the See to Acqua pendente and quite destroy'd Castro as we said in revenge because the inhabitants happened to kill the Bishop that he sent thither to reside and govern It stood about 11 Miles from the Sea near Toscanella and Corneto environed with such Precipices as rendred the access to it very Difficult § A City in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples being a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Otranto upon the Shoars of the Ionian Sea Ravaged by the Turks in 1537. who carried away a great Number of the Inhabitants into Slavery Some suppose it to be the Castrum Minervae of the Antients § There are others of inferiour Note One in the Hither Calabria near Cassano A second in the Province of Abruzzo call'd Castro Novo A third in the Campagnia di Roma A fourth in the Basilicate Another in the Island of Meleos c. Catadupi a People of Aethiopia about the Cataracts of the Nile deafned says Tully in Somnio Scip. by the Noise of them Catalognia a Province and Principality in Spain bounded on the West by the Kingdoms of Arragon and Valentia on the East and South by the Mediterranean Sea and on the North it has the Pyrenean Hills which separate it from France Heretofore it had Earls of its own who were under the Protection of the Crown of France but in 1137. it was annexed to the Kingdom of Arragon a mountainous but fertile Country and well watered with Rivers The Inhabitants are great Lovers of their Civil Liberties and being ill us'd by some Irish Soldiers which were quartered upon them in 1640. they revolted from Spain and call'd in the French but during the Civil Wars of France about 1652. they returned to their old Master the King of Spain again By the Treaty of Peace in 1659 the Pyrenees are made to divide the two Kingdoms of France and Spain Barcelona is the Capital City of this Country Catania one of the principal Cities of Sicily on the Eastern shoar of that Island about forty Miles North of Syracuse It has a Port made of late Years and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Montreale On the South of it runs a small River called Judicello This City was built by the Chalcidian Greeks as Eusebius saith Charles V. wall'd and fortified it against the Turks and Moors by which Securities it grew Great and Rich but in 1669. it suffered very much by a dreadful Irruption of Mount Aetna which stands about 20 Miles North from it four Rivers with Fire or melted Rocks and Earth making their Way through the Territories of this City and bearing down all before them passed a Mile into the Sea before those Waters were able to conquer this outrageous Fire so that it was then thought the whole Island of Sicily would have perish'd Aetna is observ'd to overflow with Torrents of Fire every 15 Years K. Hiero died in this City The Remains of an Amphitheatre with divers Inscriptions and Marks of its Antiquity are yet to be seen Long. 39. 40. Lat. 37. 00. Our English Sandys saith That the Bay upon which it stands is but shallow and not capable of Ships The Country fruitful and the City being an Vniversity and not having much Trade is the more inhabited by Gentlemen Catanzaro Catacium a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Regio 2 or 3 Miles from the Ocean between Squillaci and Nicastro Cataonia an antient City and Country in Asia Minor between Cilicia and Cappadocia in Strabo's time subject to the King of Cappadocia Bellona had a sumptuous Temple in her honour in this City to whose service above 6000 Men and Women were Consecrated under the direction of a Soveraign Priest who here resided Cateau or Catteau-Cambresis Castrum Cameracense a small Town in the district of Cambresis 5 Leagues from Cambray and 2 from Landreci The Treaty of Peace in 1559. by the French said to be so disadvantageous to them was celebrated here Ce Catelet a Town in Picardy upon the River Escaut and the Frontiers of Hainault and Cambresis Taken by the Spaniards in 1557. and once again in this Age but restored to the French by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659. A considerably strong place Caterlagh Catherlogh Carlough Caterlogum a City in the Province of Leinster in Ireland on the West side of the River Barrow 30 Miles South-West of Dublin which Lionel Duke of Clarence began to Wall and Bellingham Lord Lieutenant of Ireland fortified with a Castle This is also the head of a County of the same Name Cathness Catnesia Cathanesia is the most Northern County in the Kingdom of Scotland on the North and East washed by the Caledonian Ocean on the West it hath the same Ocean and the County of Strathnavern in part and on the South it hath Sutherland Generally barren little inhabited yet it is a Bishoprick and an Earldom Catolica a Town in the Province of Romagna in Italy between Pesaro and Rimini so call'd in the third Century from the Catholicks of the Council of Rimini who
separating themselves from the Arians who in the number of 400 Bishops convocated by Pope Liberius to this Council carried the Majority by a great many came hither to say their Masses Cattay or Catio a Region of Asia supposed by learned Men to be China or some part of it towards the North comprehending the Provinces of Peking Xantung Honan Suchuen Xensi and Xansi whereof Peking is the Capital City Being under the K. of Tartary it is likewise called Tartary de Kan Cattaro Cattara a City in Dalmatia which has been under the Venetians ever since 1420. It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Bari and is a strong Place well seated on a Hill having a Castle belonging to it and 17 Villages It lies 40 Miles South of Ragusa and 35 North-West of Scutari upon a Bay of the Adriatick Sea call'd Cattaro which takes its name from this Place The Turks have often attempted to take it in Vain Catti an antient People of Hassia and Thuringia in Germany who sometime passing into Holland have left the Names of Catwick Opzee to a Town upon the Sea Coast and Catwick op den Rhein to another upon the Rhine In the Reign of Tiberius the Hermanduri gave them a terrible Defeat wherein they destroy'd both Man and Beast upon a pretence of having Consecrated the Spoils to Mars and Mercury Catzenelbogen Catti Meliboci a Country in the Province of Weteraw in Germany under the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel The antient Catti its Inhabitants have left it this Name In the Year 1548. the Emperor Charles V. adjudged this Country to William Earl of Nassau who made pretensions to it But the Arrest was afterwards cassated by the Treaty of Paslaw Cava a great and populous City and a Bishop's See in the hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples seated partly upon a Hill and partly in a Valley within four Miles of Salerno and about 20 from Naples to the South This Bishop was heretofore a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Salerno but now exempted and is immediately under the Pope which Honor was obtained from Boniface IX in 1394. yet is the Bishop's Jurisdiction limited with the Walls of the City There is also a Abbey in it Cavado Cavadus a River of Portugal which ariseth in Gallicia and watering the City of Braga falls into the Ocean Cavaillon Cabellio Vrbs Cavallicorum a small and ill built City in the County of Venaissin in Provence in France in an Isle made by the River Durance within 4 Leagues of Avignon to the South-East This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Avignon and under the Dominion of the Pope Cavan a Town and County in the Province of Vlster in Ireland The Duke of Berwick in an Action before this Town against K. William's Forces Feb. 11. 1689. had his Horse shot under him It is not without a strong Fort. Caucasus a Part of the great Mountain of Taurus in Asia towards Georgia beginning about the Mouth of the River Phasis It is very fruitful and well inhabited by Christians for the most part of the Georgian Church Full of Rocks and Precipices and shewing the Ruins of several Castles and Churches Yet covered at the Top with Snow perpetually Cauda a River of Cumberland which running through West-Ward Forrest by Dauston on the West of Carlisle falls into the River Eden Caudebec Calidobeccum a considerable Town in Normandy upon the Northern shoar of the River Seine in the Pais de Caux about 5 Miles West of Rouen 7 from le Haure East much Celebrated for Weaving This is one of the Principal Towns of the Pais de Caux which is bounded by the British Sea to the North and West by Picardy to the East and by the Seine to the South and lies from East to West 25 Leagues The Caudebec Hats come from hence The Caves in Wiltshire between Luckington and great Badminton upon the Edge of the County nine in Number of a Row of several Dimensions the least 4 Foot broad and 9 or 10 Foot long are credibly supposed to be the Tombs of some Heroick Men among the antient Romans Saxons or Danes because Spurs and Pieces of Armour have been digged out of them Cavita de Manilha Manilhanus Sinus a Gulph of the Philippine Islands Cavours a Town 5 Leagues from Pignerol in Piedmont under the French near the River Peles fortified with two Castles It was taken by Lesdiguieres in 1594. and retaken by the Duke of Savoy the Year after Now made a Dependant of Pignerol Caurestan a great Village in the Province of Farsistan in Persia betwixt Lar and the Isle of Ormus Caux or Pais de Caux a District contain'd within the Province of Normandy in France betwixt the Seine and the Sea in which Diepe Haure de Grace Caudebec Aumale S. Vallery c. are comprehended There is also of the same Name with it a Town and a Promontory Cawood a Market-Town in the West-Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Barkston Caxamalca a Country within the Province of Lima in Peru adorn'd heretofore with Divers Royal Palaces of the Inca's of that Kingdom Thirty Leagues from the Pacifick Sea but near the River Vagna It was here that the Noble Atabalipa King of Peru was defeated and taken Prisoner by Francis Pizarro who basely and barbarously afterwards murthered him in 1533. Caxton a Market-Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Stow. Caxume the Capital City of the Kingdom of Tigremahon in Abyssinia thought to be the same with the Tenesis of Strabo where the Queen of Sheba dwelt that visited Solomon Cayenne an Island under the French in the North Sea upon the Coast of Guyana about 20 Leagues in Circuit 4 Degrees from the Equinoctial Northward and South of the Disembogure of the River Cayenne which glides betwixt the Countries of the Caribes and the Galibes It s principal Commodity is Tobacco The French have built themselves a Fort at Bourg their cheifest Settlement of about 200 Houses and besides they guard the Harbor with Canon Cayernittes some small Islands frequented by the Fishers for Tortoises which here are to be found of the largest Size near the Western shoar of Hispaniola in America Cayphas an antient Town so call'd from Caiphas High Priest of the Jews who formerly re edified it at the Foot of Mount Carmel in the Holy Land upon the shoars of the Mediterranean 2 Leagues by Water from S. Jean d' Acre Since Saladine demolish'd it in 1191. it has never been fortified again and therefore now become a Village inhabited by some Moors Jews and Greeks Cazan See Casan Cazares an antient People who took part with the Hunns and the Avares in their Incursions to ravage the Empire Cea Ceos or Zee Zie and antiently among the Greeks call'd Hydrusca is one of the Cyclades Islands in the Aegean Sea whereof Julide Julis is the Capital City in which Simonides and Bacchylides the two famous Lyrique Poets with the Philosopher Ariston are said to be born
chief Town Leutsch with the Southern part of the County is subject to the Emperor as King of Hungary John de Zapol Earl of this County was crowned King of Hungary in 1526. Ceram or Ceiram a pretty large and well inhabited Island in the Indian Ocean betwixt Terra des Papaous Gilolo c. and the Moluccaes Affording Spices and the like Indian Commodities Ceramici the Tuilleries of old Athens Cerasus an antient Town of Cappadocia upon the Coast of the Euxine Sea now called Chirissonda and otherwise Emid oâ— Omidie In Pomponius Mela's Time we find it was as considerable a Place as Trebizonde assuming this name from the abundance of Cherries that grew in it which Lucullus first brought into Italy from hence says Athenaeus and S. Jerom in his Return from the Conquest of Pontus and Armenia It is very little inhabited now and under the Turks as all the rest of Anatolia Ceraunii Acroceraunii Montes The Greeks are us'd to call by this Name divers Chains of Mountains whose Heighth exposes them to be struck with Lightning and Thunder But it more especially understands those upon the Confines of Epirus running a vast length from East to West between that Kingdom and Albania about 50 Miles distant from the Island of Corfou Now known by the Name of Monti di Chimaera in Chaonia and Chimarioti Cerdanna Cerdagne Cerretania is a County annexed to Catalaunia and belongs to the Crown of Spain though it lies on the North side of the Pyrenean Hills It has Languedoc on the North the County of Rousillon on the East from which it is separated by the Pyrenean Hills and on the North and South Catalaunia divided into two parts by the River Segre Sicoris the Eastern part of it has been under the French ever since the Year 1660. according to the Regulation of the general Peace in the Year precedent The antient Cerretani were of this Country The Capital Town whereof is Puicerda Ceremissi See Czeremissi Cerenza or Cirenza See Acerenza Cerigo Cytherea an Island upon the Coast of the Morea belonging to the Venetians between Cape Matapan to the West and Cape Anzolo to the East The first Island of the Archipelago towards Europe at the Distance of 40 or 45 Miles from Candia about 60 in Circuit and antiently dedicated to Venus whom the Poets represent as born at Cithera which was a Town here of so much Note as to give Name to the whole Island The Lacedemonian Vessels from Egypt and Libya made this Island their Retreat Sometimes stil'd the Lanthorn of the Archipelago because it is from hence that you may see the Countenance of the Turks and sometimes Porphyris by the Antients from the abundance of Porphyry found in it It is now adorned with a City standing upon a Rock having a Castle and a convenient Port to it very strong by Nature and Art of the same Name with it self which is also an Episcopal See and full of People Great Veneration is paid to the Monastery of San Giovanni della grotta here above all others belonging to the religious Greeks because the People have been perswaded that S. John began the Book of the Revelations in the Place where it stands Cerisoles a small Town in Piedmont near Carmagnole famous for the Victory obtained by the French under the Conduct of the Duke d' Enguien at 22 Years of Age over the Marquess du Guast in 1544. twelve thousand being kill'd upon the Place Cerne a Market-Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Totcombe standing in a Champaign Country and watered with a fine Rivulet considerable for its being heretofore an Abbey-Town Cervetere a great and flourishing Place in the Times of the Old Romans under the Name of Caere Vetus the Capital of Hetruria Now a small Town in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy 8 Miles from Bracciano and 3 from the Thuscan Sea The Tabulae Caerites in which the Censors set down the Names of Persons who for Misdemeanours were deprived of the Right of Suffrage received that Appellation from hence For when the Gauls took Rome this Town entertained the Refugee Romans with so much Kindness that they had the Honour afterwards the first of any People as a Reward for the same to be made a free City of Rome nevertheless without the Right of Suffrage Cervia otherwise call'd Ficocle is a City in the Province of Romandiola in Italy upon the Adriatick with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna A Synod was held in it in 1634. Cesena Curva Cesena in Antoninus is a City in the Province of Romandiola in Italy upon the River Savio with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It has sometime belong'd to the Bolognese sometime to particular Families till at last remitted to the Church You see in it the Ruins of a Castle which the Emperor Ferdinand II. is said to have built Pope Alexander VI. gave it to Caesar Borgia But he did not enjoy it long It has been many times near the being entirely ruined by Factions Cesse a River in the Dutchy of Luxemburg in the Low-Countries passing by Ham sur Lesse near Rochfort then by the Mouth of a hideous Cavern throwing it self entirely under Ground for the space of a League and at its Rise again appearing with the same Freshness as it hath at its Descent Attempts are made to search into the subterraneous Abyss in vain for the Frightfulness of the Danger frustrates all Ceva Ceba a Town in Piedmont upon the River Tanaro in the Borders of the Marquisate of Montisferat towards the Apennine and the Dictrict call'd the Langhe This had heretofore Marquesses of its own but is now subject to the Duke of Savoy It lies seven Miles from Mondui to the South eighteen from Savona to the North and the same Distance from Alba to the West being the Capital of the said District of le Langhe with a Castle In 1558 the French took it Cevennes a Territory at the Foot of the Mount of Cevennes in Languedoc See Sevennes This Country was for a long time the Theatre of the Civil Wars of Religion towards the End of the last and the Beginning of this Age till Lewis XIII brought the Rebels under Subjection Ceurawalth the Name of an austere Sect amongst the Banjans in the East-Indies They so superstitiously believe the Metampsychosis as to be afraid of killing the least Insect and for the Mortifications of Life they may be compared with the most Religious Votaries of any Profession whatsoever Ceuta a Town and Castle in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary upon the Streights of Gibraltar belonging to the King of Portugal the Capital in former times of Mauritania Tingitana call'd by the Romans Civitas by Mela Septa by Ortelius thought to be the Exilissa of Ptolomy From the Romans the Goths from the Goths the Arabs from them John I. King of Portugal took it in 1415. It has a Collegiate with the Rights of a Cathedral Church in it
upon the River Morine five or six Leagues from Meaâ—x Colophon an ancient City of Ionia in Asia the Less now called Altobosco and Belvedore which has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Edessa It pretends with others to the Honour of giving Birth to Homer And in the Days of Antiquity was particularly renowned for excellent Cavalry Colossis or Colosse an antient City of Phrygia in Asia the Less upon the Confines of Caria and the River Licho Now called Chonos by the Greeks It has been an Episcopal and afterwards an Archiepiscopal See Made universally known by S. Paul's Epistle to the Primitive Christians that were here Coloswar See Clansenburgh Columb Magna a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Pider Columbo a City in the Isle of Ceylan in the East-Indies built by the Portuguese on the West Side of that Island but taken from them some years since by the Hollanders Columpton a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Hayrudge Coluri an Island in the Gulph of Engia called formerly Salamine or Salamis which pretends to the Honour of being the Birth-place of Homer and is famous in ancient History for the Defeat of Xerxes's vast Fleet. Colzim a Mountain of the Desart of Gebel in the Kingdom of Egypt a days Journey from the Red Sea There is a Monastery of Religions standing upon it called S. Anthony's Com. See â—om Coma Como Comum and Novo Comum a City in the Duâ—ohy of Milan upon a Lake of the same Name a hundred Miles in Circuit in Latin called Larâ—â—s Lacus seventeen Miles North of Milan It is a rich large and handsom City and gave Birth to the ancient Poet Caecilâ—â—s mentioned in Caâ—ullus to the younger Pliny to the Historian Paulus Jovius and to the late Pope Innocent XI who was chosen Pope Sept. 21. 1676. and died Aug. 12. 1689. in his seventy eighth year Comachio Comacula a City of Romandiola a Province of Italy in the Dukedom of Ferâ—ard which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna and under the Dominion of the Pope It is little and not well inhabited by Reason of the badness of the Air being seated in a Marsh amidst the Lakes that are made by the Po three or four Miles from the Adriatick giving Name to the Valley of Comaâ—chio It lies twenty Miles from Ravenna to the North and forty from Bologna to the East and belongs to the See of Rome The Venetians in 932. almost ruined it Comagena the ancient Name of a Country in Syria which as we find in Josephus was a Kingdom in the Time of Marâ— Anthony who overcame he says Antiochus King of Comagena Afterwards made by the Romans a Province It s chief City being Samosata a place famous for giving Birth to Lucian and Paulus Samâ—saâ—eâ—â—â—â— the Patriarch of Anâ—ioch Comana an ancient City of the Kingdom of Pontus in Asia the Less upon the River Iris having been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Neocaesarea And famous in the Times preceding Christianity for a Temple dedicated to Bellona § Another of Cappadocia upon the River Sarus with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Melitene Comania a Country of Asia betwixt Georgia to the North and the Tannais to the South for the most part under the Turks and Moscovites It enjoys a fertile Soil but ill cultivated the People chusing rather to live by Robbery than their honest Industry Comb-Martin a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Branton Comenolitari Thessalia a part of Maoedonia Comine Cuminum a small Island in the Sicilian Sea belonging to the Order of the Knights of Malta who have built a Castle in it It lies betwixt Maltha and Gozo Cominges See S. Berâ—â— and de Cominges Commetcy Commeroium a small City in the Dukedom de Barrois in Champaigne six Leagues from Clermonâ— to the South It is seated on the West Side of the Moselle or Meuse Commâ—ites a Town and Castle in Flanders upon the River Lis near Messines giving Name to an Honourable Family Como See Coma. Compiegne Compendium a City in the Isle of France of good Esteem in the County of Senlis upon the River Oise which a little lower falls into the Aisne seventeen Leagues from Paris to the North and five from Soissons to the West In the year 833. King Lewis the Debonnaire by the Conspiracy of his three Sons and the Sentence of a Council of Bishops here was deposed Clotharius the â—â—â—st King of France and Lewis the Bald Emperor and King of France died both here the latter in 879. who built here also a Monastery and adorned the City with so many magificer Ediâ—â—ces that it was for some time called Carolopolis or Charles â—â—wn from him Complutum See Aleala The Biblia Complutensia have that Name after the old one of this Compostella Brigantium Janasum Compostella the Capital City of Galaecia in Spain upon the River Sar or Sardela which in 1124. was by Pope Calixtus II. made an Archbishops See instead of Merida then in the Hands of the Moors The Bones of S. James the Apostle are said to rest here in a celebrated Church thence called S. Jago di Compostella the Steeple of which was built by Lewis XI King of France in 1483. But Alphonsus the Chast King of Gallaecia had erected the Body long before upon an Hill in 835. out of the Ruins of Ira Flavia an old Roman Town There is a small Castle and an University here Alphonsus I. King of Castile was also here born it stands thirteen Leagues from Cape Finisterre the most Western Promontory of this part of Spain Long. â—1 00. Lat. 43. 00. by the Maps 8. 19. 43. 00. Compostella Nueba is a City of America in New-Spain in the Province of Xalisco not far from the South-Sea an hundred Miles from Guadalaxara to the West It was for some time a Bishops See but being in a bad Air and barren Soil the See was translated thence to Guadalaxara in 1570. They formerly call'd it Villa de Spiritu Santo Cona Conos see Colosse a City of Phrygia much celebrated of old now ruined by the Turks Conca Crustuminum a small River of Vmbria in Italy which riseth in the Dukedom of Vrbino from the Appenine near Leopoli and falls into the Venetian Gulph six Miles South-East of Rimino There was heretofore a City of the same Name now eaten up by the Sea Concarneau Concarneum a strong Town and Port in Britany in France four Leagues from Quimperley to the East saith Baudrand La Conception a small City in America in Paraguaia at the fall of the River Vrvaig into Rio de la Plata with another of the same Name in Chili which is the most considerable place there the ordinary Residence of the Governour of the Province walled and secured with a strong Cittadel upon the Pacifick Ocean over against the Island of S. Vincent § The Spaniards have given this Name to a Town by them built in the Province of Mechoacan in the
that Agesilaus the Athenian General defeated the Boeotians in the year of Rome 359. In the third Century it became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens Now a Miserable Village inhabited by none but Turks Coropa a Province in Guiana in South America between the River of Amazons and the Lake of Parymaea near the River of Coropatuba but not inhabited by any of our European Colonies Coronna Varonnum Adrobicum and vulgarly the Groyne a famous Sea-Port-Town on the North-West Shoar of Spain in Gallicia strong rich and full of people ten Miles from Compostella to the North and six from the Isle of Sisarga in Long. 8. 40. Lat. 44. 20. The Town stands upon a Peninsula and is almost surrounded by the Sea The Country affords excellent Iron Steel and several other Metals which cause the Port to be the more frequented Corozaim or Chorazim mention'd Matth. 11. 21. an ancient Town of Galilee in Palestine which was one of the ten that composed the Country of Decapolis It stood over against Capernaum upon the Banks of the River Jordan and near the Sea of Tiberias Corregio Corregium a great and populous Town in the Dukedom of Modena which had heretofore Princes of its own but in 1635. it came into the hands of the Duke of Modena it stands thirteen Miles from Regio to the North-East and twelve from Modena to the North between the Rivers of Navila West and Fossa Rossa East and has the honour of a good Castle Corsica called la Crose by the French and Corsega by the Spaniards is a considerable Island in the Mediterranean Sea in length from North to South 110 Miles in breadth 50 and its Circuit 280 100 Miles South from Genoua and 8 from Sardinia This Island has ever been ill inhabited by reason of the Asperity of a great part of it and the great difficulty of approaching it The Tusci or old Italians were the first Inhabiters of this Island who were conquered by the Carthaginians the Carthaginians yielded to the Tomans the Saracens followed these who finally in 1144. were subdued by the Genouese The Pisans and the Kings of Arragon have since contested with the Genouese but however that Republick has desended the place against all pretenders to this day There are five Episcopal Sees in it to wit Ajazzo Aleria Sagona Mariana and Nebio the three first under the Archbishop of Pisa the other of Genoua It is watered by the Rivers Liamon and Tavignan which both spring out of the Lake of Crena Bonifacio is its best Port and Basta the Capital Town There is a Cape call'd Corso which is the same with the Sacrum Promontorium of the Ancients Corschi the Name of a Numerous people in Persia living in Tents and descended from the Turks out of which the Sophy always composes his first Troops Corthestan Taurus Cortona Cortonium Corto a small but very ancient City in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy it lies on the Borders of the Estate of the Church and is a Bishops See made by Pope John XXII under the Archbishop of Florence four Miles from the Lake di Perugia to the North and fourteen from Arezzo to the South Corwey Corbeja Saxonica or Nova called by the French Corbie is a small City in West phalia which has an Abbey founded by S. Lewis King of France in 815. It lies upon the Weser nine Miles from Paderborne to the West Cosa Cosas a small River in the State of the Church which falleth into Garigliano Liris by Feretino and Veroli Cosano Cossano Cosa Cosanum a City of Calalabria in the Kingdom of Naples six Miles from the Gulph of Taranto and one and twenty from Rosano to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza Cosenza Consentia the principal City of Calabria and one of the greatest in the Kingdom of Naples an Archbishops See seated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Crate which has belonging to it a strong Castle upon a Hill Alaricus XII King of the Goths died in this City In 1638. it suffered much by an Earthquake fourteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and thirty from Rossano to the West in Long. 40. 20. Lat. 39. 11. Cosir a City of Egypt upon the Red Sea written also Cossir Coslin Coslinum a Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania under the Dominion of the Duke of Brandenburgh upon a small River three German Miles from the Baltick Sea and six from Treptow to the East Heretofore the Seat of the Archbishop of Casmires but given from him by the Treaty of Westphalia to the present Possessor Cosmopolis a Town in the Isle of Elbe in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to the Duke of Florence which has a convenient and safe Port it lies over against Piombino twenty five Miles to the West Cosne Conoda Conium a small Town some place it in the Province of Beausse some in Nivernois upon the Loyre in France betwixt Nevers and Orleans often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of the last Age there Cossa a ruined City on the Coast of the Tyrrbenian Sea six Miles from Orbitello to the East and seventy from Rome to the North destroyed by Charles the Great Ansidonia sprung out of its ruines which last is now in the Possession of the Duke of Florence Cossaques a Martial People inhabitants of the Province of Vkraine in Red Russia renowned for their great services done as well to Christendom in general as to the Crown of Poland in guarding the Frontiers of that Kingdom against the Tartars Nevertheless in some times guilty of great Revolts too which have occasion'd divers Treaties of Peace betwixt them and Poland They speak a Dialect of the Polonian Language and for Religion are a mixture of the Greek the Roman and the Protestant Churches Cosse a Seigniory in the Province of Maine in France near St. Susanne giving Name to a Family of Quality Cossaei an ancient People dwelling about a Mountain of Media whom Alexander the Great sacrificed to the Manes of his dear Ephaestion in a transport of Grief for his Death say Polybins and Diodorus Cossovia Campus Merulâ—â— a Plain in Bulgaria not very much exceeding Lincoln-Heath yet the Stage of great Actions Here the greatest Christian Army that was ever brought into the Field in Europe consisting of 500000 Men under Lazarus Despot of Servia fought with the Forces of Amurath I. and lost the day in which Battel Lazarus was slain and Amurath viewing the dead bodies was stabbed by Michael Cobloivitz a Christian Souldier left for dead in the field Amurath hath here a Funeral Monument to this day This happened in 1390. In the same Field was also fought that remarkable Battel between Huniades and Mahomet for three days together in which Huniades his Forces were beaten being very unequal in number This Plain is bounded by the Mountains of Negri to the South by the River Nesaus to the East by Nissa to the North and by Ibar to the West one hundred and thirty
of Highworth which returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Crema Crema Forum Diuguntorum a City in the State of Venice called by the French Creme which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Boâ—oma seated upon the River Serium Serio sixty Miles from Verona to the West and twenty from Milan to the East This City was once a part of the Dukedom of Milan and is very strongly fortified Made a Bishoprick in 1579. by Pope Gregory XIII being the Capital of the Territory adjacent called Cremasco Cremera a small River in the Dukedom of Thuscany in Italy falling into the Tiber five Miles below Rome The 300 Fabii were cut to pieces by an Ambuscade of the Enemy upon the Banks of it A Misfortune so lamented by the Romans that they cursed the very City-Gate by which they marched with the Title of Scelerata and placed the Day of their overthrow in the Catalogue of black and dismal Days Cremona Colonia Vrbs Crenomanorum a City of the Dukedom of Milan which is a Bishop's See under that Archbishop and stands upon the Po in the Borders of the Dukedom of Parma forty Miles from Mantua to the East and the same distance from Milan to the South-East This City was built 445 Years after Rome and made afterwards a Roman Colony it has been often ruined and rebuilt at present a strong great rich populous City and has a strong Castle to the East with an University granted by Sigismund the Emperor The Territory belonging to it is a fruitful delicious Plain having on the North and East the River Ollio on the South the Po where there are several Districts beyond that River belonging to it and on the West the River Abdua The French and Modenese besieged this City in 1648. but were not able to take it Crempen Crempa a small but fortified City in the Dukedom of Holsatia in the County of Stormaren upon the River of that Name not above one Mile from the River Elb to the North about ten Danish Miles from Lubec to the West and fifteen from Embden to the East This belongs to the King of Denmark Crequi a Seigniory in Artois upon the Confines of Picardy giving Name to an honourable Family which has been famous for divers illustrious Persons Cressy See Creci Crespi Crepiacum the chief Town of the Dukedom de Valois in the Isle of France built in a fine Plain seven Miles from Meaux to the North and three from la Ferte Francis I. and the Emperor Charles V. held a Treaty of Peace here in 1544. Crest Crestidium Crista Arnaldi a City in the Dauphinate in France upon a River of the same Name two Miles from the Some to the East and twenty two from Avignon to the North. Fortified with a Castle and a Tower Creta See Candia Crevant Crevantium a Town in Burgundy in France upon the North Side of the River Sure in the North-West Border of that Dutchy two Miles from Auxerre to the North and twenty three from Dijon to the North-West In 1423. there was a sharp Fight here between the English and the French with the Victory by Confession to the English There is a Stone-Bride over the Sure here Creuse Crosa a River in France which riseth in la Marche and running to the North West entereth Berry and passeth through the Town of Black in the Borders of Berry then entering Touraine it falls having in this Course received the Little Creuse and some other Rivers into the Loyre at â—â—ndes above Saumur Crewkern a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred Seated on the Banks of the River Parret Written also Crokehorn Crickhowel a Market-Town in the County of Brecknock in Wales the Capital of its Hundred The Marquess of Worcester has a Castle here Crim Tartary or the Precopensian Tartars is a vast Tract of Land bounded on the North by Russia from which it is parted by the River Donetz in great part and also by Ockraina and Dikoia on the East by Pervolock on the South by the Kingdom of Astarcan the Petigori Cabardia the Palus Meotis and Euxine Sea and on the West by the Boristhenes which parts it from Wolynia Extended vastly from East to West but not so broad The chief Force of it lies in the Peninsula in the Black Sea These Tartars have been heretofore Christians but now Mahometans and the inseparable Allies of the Turks in hopes to succeed upon the failure of the Ottoman House otherwise they live under a Prince of their own See Krim Crincon Crientio a River of Artois near Arras Crinisus a River in the West of the Island of Sicily springing in the Valley of Mazara twenty five Miles from Palermo and afterwards falling into the Sea of Tunis Now called Il Belicidestro Crismato Phaenus a Mountain in Normandy Croatia Liburnia a Dukedom belonging to the Emperor of Germany call'd by the Germans Crabaten and is a part of the Kingdom of Hungary Bounded on the North by Sclavonia on the East by Bosnia on the South by Dalmatia and the Adriatick Sea and on the West by Carniola a Province of Germany The Turks were heretofore possessed of all the Southern Parts of it but the Emperor has lately recovered them The Inhabitants are excellent Horsemen and have of late done great Service against the Turks Crocodilon an ancient City in the Kingdom of Aegypt upon the Banks of the Nile in the Country called Thebais They adored the Crocodiles as Gods in the vulgar Opinion at this Place and therefore it came to take their Name Croia the principal City of Albania a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Durazzo Dyrrhachium upon the River Lisana within ten English Miles of the Adriatick thirty from Durazzo to the North about a hundred and ten South of Ragusa It was heretofore very strong George Castriot commonly called Scanderbeg often broke the Fury of the Ottoman Forces here but after his Death it fell into their Hands Cromer a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of North Erpingham lying to the Sea Croncarty a Sea-Port-Town in Ross in Scotland upon the Eastern Sea at the North Point of Murray Fyrth Cronenburg Coronaeburgum a strong Castle in Zealand belonging to the King of Denmark taken by the Swedes in 1658. but since restored again At this place which was built by Frederick II. King of Denmark for the purpose in 1577. all Ships are forced to pay their Toll which pass the Sound Cronstat Corona a City of Transylvania often called Brassovia by the Inhabitants Brassaw in the middle of the Eastern Borders of that Dutchy towards Walachia at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains upon the River Burzazgh It is a strong Place and has three great Suburbs inhabited by three several Nations forced to receive an Imperial Garrison in May 1688. General Heusler in a Fight near this place Aug. 21. 1690. suffered a great Defeat wherein himself was taken Prisoner by the Tartars who not knowing him sold him
to Count Teckeley who commanded the Action for seventy Rix Dollars Crosno Crosna a small City in the Black Russia in the Kingdom of Poland in the Palatinate of Primyslie near the Carpathian Hills and the Rivers Visloc and Jasiolde Crossen Crossa a City in the Province of Silesia and Kingdom of Bohemia upon the River Oder where it entertains the River Borber from the South about ten Miles above Franckfort This is the Capital of a small Dukedom which being many Ages ago mortgaged to the Duke of Brandenburg and not redeemed in due time has ever since been in his Possession Crotona an ancient City in the Further Calabria in Italy which is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio Milo and several other famous Athletae were Natives of this place in whose times it was no less than twelve Miles in circuit Croty a Sea-Port on the North side of the Somme in Picardy two French Miles from Asselane to the South and the same distance from Caen in Normandy to the North. Crouch one of the little Rivers of the County of Essex Crow or le Crou Crodoldus sometimes called Gonnesse is a River in the Isle of France which arising above a Village called Louvre five Miles East from St. Dennis falls into the Seine at S. Dennis Crowland a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Ellow upon the River Weeland in a very fenny low ground The best Streets of it are severed from each other not unlike Venice by interjacent Water-courses and the Causeys leading to it so narrow that no Carts can possibly pass which may justifie the Proverb saying All the Carts which come to Crowland are shod with Silver Croy a Village in Picardy two or three Leagues from Amiens giving its Name to a Family of Honor in the Low Countreys Croydon or Croyden Neomagus a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred seated near the Spring head of the River Wandle nine Miles from London where the Archbishop of Canterbury has a Countrey House it has an Hospital for the Poor and a Free-School for Children founded by Archbishop Whitgift Crumaw or Crumeaw Crumaviae a Town in the Province of Moravia in Germany betwixt Brin and Znaim adorned with the Title of a Dukedom and a fine Castle Crussol a Seigniory in the Province of Vivaretz in France near the Rhosne giving its Name and the Title of Earl to an Honourable Family Cresiphon an ancient Town of the Kingdom of Assyria near the Tygris said to be built by the Parthians Cuama or Coama a River of the Kingdom of Sofala in Africa said to derive its Source from the Lake of Sachaf where it has the Name of Zamber towards the Mountains of the Moon the same Lake that the Moderns take to be the Head of the Nile Cuba an Island in the Bay of Mexico in America to the South of Florida which is one of the greatest that belongs to that part of the World It has on the East Hispaniola divided from it by a Bay of the breadth of fourteen Spanish Leagues on the West the firm Land of America on the South Jamaica at the distance of nineteen Leagues In length two hundred Spanish Leagues in breadth not above thirty five The greatest part of it is Mountainous but well watered Infinitely peopled when the Spaniards discovered it but they destroy'd all the Inhabitants and have not been able yet to people it themselves so that the greatest part is desolate This and Jamaica were the first Places of America which Columbus discovered in 1492. There are six Cities in this Island the principal of which is St. Jago on the South side and Havana a noble and well fortified Sea-Port on the North side under the Tropick of Cancer Cuckfield or Cuxfield a Market Town in Sussex in Lewis Rape Cuco a strong City by Situation upon a high Hill in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa towards the River Major The Soil it stands in affords plenty of all things necessary for humane life Cucusa an ancient City of Armenia the Less upon the Frontiers of Cilioia and Cappadocia having formerly born the honour of an Episcopal See and the more remark'd in History for being the place whither S. John Chrysostom was banished by the order of the Empress Eudoxa Cuenca Concâ—a a City of New Castile in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo the Capital of La Sierra It stands in a Rocky and Mountainous Country upon the River Xucar twenty five Leagues East from Toledo and thirty four West from Valencia Built by the Goths out of the Ruines of a Roman City called Valeria not far distant The Moors became next Masters of it and kept it till 1177. when the Spaniards recovered it again Cueva a Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain giving its Name there to a Family of Honor. Cufa a City of Chaldaea or Yerach in Asia upon the West side of Euphrates sixty Miles South from Bagdet or Babylon on the Borders of Arabia Deserta and heretofore the Residence of the Califfs after that it was under the Persians and at present under the Turks being much declined from its ancient Splendor Wealth and Greatness Long. 79. 10. and Lat. 32. 00. forty five German Miles above Balsera North. Cuhiung a City and Territory of the Province of Junnan in China having Jurisdiction over six other old Cities and standing in a fruitful and pleasant Country that is provided with Mines of Silver and Precious Stones Cujavio Cujavia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland bounded on all sides by the greater Poland but the North where it has Prussia The chief Town is Brestia Brezestie ten Miles from Thorn to the South and thirty from Damzick Culhu Cullus a Town and Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa where the River Collo or Culhu is discharged into the Sea betwixt Hipone and Bugia Culliton a Market Town in Devonshire the Capital of its Hundred Culm a City of Poland upon the Vistula in Prussia built upon a Hill This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesa though heretofore under the Archbishop of Riga built in 1223. by the Knights of the Teutonick Order but having suffered much in the Swedish Wars it is now almost desolate and the Bishop has removed his Palace to Colme three Miles more to the East Culm stands twenty Miles South of Dantzick and ten North from Waldislaw and is the Capital of a little Country adjacent called by the Inhabitants Colmischland Culembach Culembachium a small Town in Franconia upon the River Mayn near the Rise of it six Miles from Bamberg East and as many from Coberg South-East the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to the Duke of Brandenburg and part of the Burgravate of Noremburg between the Territory of Bamberg to the West Misnia to the North Bohemia and Bavaria to the East and Norimburg to the South belonging also to the Duke of Brandenburg Culembourg
Culemburgum a Town and Castle in Guelderland belonging to the United Provinces yet as to the Revenue possessed by its own Count it stands on the River Rhine above two German Miles from Vtrecht to the South-East and six from Nimeguen to the West Taken by the French in 1672. and dismantled in 1674. Culiacan a Province in New Spain in America within the Jurisdiction of the Governor of Guadalaxara between New Mexico to the North New Biscay to the East and the Purple Sea to the South and West It has a City of the same Name Cuma Cumae once a Colony and famous City of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which in 1207. was utterly ruined by the Saracens The Ruines of it are yet visible upon an Hill on the Tyrrheman Sea twelve Miles from Naples to the North-West In the latter times of the Roman Empire this City was wonderfully fortified so that Narses the General of Justinian could not take it without a tedious Siege and at this day the Ruines of it are wonderful many Noble Antiquities are to be seen amongst them The Bishops See that was fixed here is united with that of Averâ—a Virgil speaks of an admirable Temple of Apollo and a Fortress that adorned this City in Ancient Times Neither must it be forgotten that the Sibylla Cumana her Grott being in the neighbourhood took her Title from hence whose Verses prophesied so favourably of our Saviour that Julian the Apostate thought fit to order them to be burnt § The Ancients mention other places of the same Name One upon the Gulph of Smyrna in Asia Minor now called Foya Nova betwixt Smyrna and Pergamus accommodated with a Port and Fortress Near to which the Venetian Fleet obtain'd a Victory over the Turks in the year 1650. Of the rest nothing said Cumberland is the most North-Western County of England on the North bounded by Scotland on the South and West it has the Irish Sea and on the East Lancaster Westmorland the Bishoprick of Durham and Northumberland It took its Name from the Inhabitants who being of the old British Race called themselves Kumbri or Kambri The Country though cold and uneven is yet not unpleasant to the Traveller And it affordeth great plenty of Corn Cattle Fish Fowl and Metals nor is it destitute of many Roman Antiquities the Reliques of the Roman Garrisons who lay here to defend Britain from the devouring Picts The principal City is Carlisle Prince Rupert whilst he lived was Duke of Cumberland by the Creation of King Charles I. his Uncle 1643. He dying without Issue November 30. 1682. that Honor is now in the Person of his Royal Highness Prince George of Denmark It became a Dukedom from an Earldom For in the year 1525. H. VIII conferred the Title of Earl of Cumberland upon Henry Lord Clifford in whose Family it continued from thence to 1642. The Eden is the principal River of this County Cuneo Cuneus See Coni. Cuningham a County of Scotland on the Western Shoar over against the Isle of Arran on the West it has the Irish Sea on the North Dunbritoun Fyrth which parts it from Lentieth on the East Cluydsdale and on the South Kile The chief Town is Largis on the Irish Sea seventeen Scotch Miles from Glasco to the West Cunsar one of the Names of the Hyrcanian Sea Curacao or Curassaw one of the Islands known by the Name of Sottovento in the South America over against the Province of Venezuela betwixt Oraba and Bonnaire Taken from the Spaniards by the Dutch in 1632. Curdistan Chaldaea a vast Province in Asia under the Dominion of the Turks but upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Persia containing Chaldaea part of Assyria towards Media and a great part of Armenia Major The Western Bounds are closed by the River Euphrates and the Eastern by the Tigris having Tarcomania to the North and Alidulia to the South The Curdes a People partly Mahometans Heathens and Christians take their Name from and dwell in this Province The ancient Chaldaea was divided into two parts the one North of Mesopotamia in which Vr stood the Country of Abraham the other South of Babylon near Arabia Deserta a large Champion Country in which the Philosophers lived and flourished whose same became extended over all the East and whose enquiries gave the first birth to Astronomy Astrology Magick Philosophy and Theology Babylon was the Capital of the ancient Chaldaea La Cure Cora Chora a River of France arising in the Dukedom of Burgundy and flowing through Nivernois Vezelay or Verzelet and Clamessy at Vermenton just opposite to Crevant in the Dutchy of Burgoigne falls into the Sure Cures an ancient Town of the Sabines in Italy from whence the Name of Quirites became derived to the Romans and remarkable also for being the Birth-place of Numa Pompilius It is thought Vescovio was afterwards built upon the Ruines of this Town Curetes a Name of the ancient People of the Island of Crete Curiale Dianae Oraculum a small Town on the Coast of Arabia Foelix towards the Persian Gulph about twenty seven Miles to the North-West of Cape Raz the most Eastern Point of that Country and and eight from Mascate a City Curland Curlandia a Province of Livonia called by the Germans Kureland by the Dutch Coerlandt by the French Courlande is bounded on the East by Semigalen on the South by Samogithia and on the North and West by the Baltick Sea This Country belonged anciently to the Teutonick Order but Sigismund Augustus King of Poland in 1587. forced Gothardus Ketler Master of that Order to renounce their Right and hold it together with Semigalen as a Fee of the Crown of Poland So that ever since it has been separated from Livonia and annexed to that Crown and is still in the Possession of the Family of Ketlers as Dukes of Curland and Subjects to the Crown of Poland The Capital City of it is Goldingen Curresi Avens a River of Italy in the State of the Church in the Diocese of Sabina between Campania to the South and Vmbria to the North. It watereth S. Lorenzo and the Abby di Farfa and then falls into the Tyber fifteen Miles North of Rome Curta a Village of Hungary upon the Danube between Comora and Gran. It is a Roman Town ruined Curzola Corcyra Nigra an Island of the Adriatick Sea on the Coast of Dalmatia under the Dominion of the State of Venice which is twenty five Miles in length from North to South and five in breadth It has a small City or Town of the same Name which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza and there are five other small Villages in it It lies only five Miles from Cape Cabiccello a Promontory of Dalmatia Le Curzolari Echinades Echinae five small Islands over against the Mouth of the Gulph of Lepanto Near to which the Christians gain'd that Signal Naval Victory over Selim II. his Fleet in 1571. in the Battel called the Battel of Lepanto Cusa an
River Helevacho in the Confines of the Kingdom of Guzarate but under the King of Decan between Daman to the North and Goa to the South in 20. deg of Lat. Dacia the ancient Appellation and Division of a large Country of Europe bounded on the North by the Carpathian Mountains and the River Preuth on the East and South by the same River together with the Danube and by the Theysse on the West It was divided into 1. Dacia Ripensis which contained a part of the present Hungary and Walachia 2. Dacia Alpestris answering to another part of Walachia and to Moldavia 3. Dacia Mediterranea or Gepida in which was comprehended the present Transylvania The Albocensii Sinsi Taurissi Piephigi Biepti c. were the then Inhabitants of this Country under the Government of Kings of their own till Trajan conquering Decebalus reduced them into a Roman Province in the year of Rome 98. and affixed the Name of Colonia Vlpia Trajana to their Capital City otherwise called Varhel or Zarmisogethusa The Greeks called this people Getae It was the Romans that derived the Title of Daci and Dacae upon them Dacia also in the Monastick Writers is put abusively for Dania Daci for Dani and Dacicum for Danicum In the University of Paris the Danish College is called Collegium Dacorum The Marish and the Olt were the principal Rivers of Dacia Dacha Paropanisus a Province in the Greater Asia Dada an ancient City of Pisidia in the Lesser Asia otherwise by Ptolomy and Strabo written Adata and Adadata Dadastana an ancient City of Bithynia in Asia the Less upon the Confines of Galatia remarkable for the death of the Emperor Jovian here Dadivan a delightful Plain four or five Leagues in Circuit in the Province of Farsistan in Persia between Schiras and Lar richly planted with Orange Lemon and Pomgranate Trees and traversed by a River that affords plenty of Fish The English and Dutch residing at Ormus are wont to pass the end of the Summer here for pleasure Dafar the Seat of the ancient Homeritae in Arabia Foelix upon the Arabian Sea Daghestan or Dachestan a Province between the Kingdom of Astracan to the North and the Province of Schirwan in Persia to the South Inhabited by Tartars under a Prince of their own in security against Invasions by the means of inaccessible Mountains The principal City here is Tarku Dagho Daghoa a small Island upon the Coast of Livonia to the North of the Island of Oesel in the Baltick Sea at the mouth of the Bay of Riga which has two Castles and is under the King of Sweden Dagno Thermidava a City of Dalmatia or Albania upon the River Drino Dai or Daae an ancient People of Scythia Asiatica upon the Caspian Sea adjoining to the Massagetae Dalanguer Imaus Dalecarle Dalecarlia or Dalarne a great Province in the Kingdom of Sweden towards the Mountains of Savona and Norway which bounds it on the West on the North it hath Helsinga Gestricia on the East and Vermelandia on the South a vast Country but it has never a City or good Town in it Taking this Name from the River Dalecarle which is one of the most considerable of all the Rivers of the Kingdom of Sweden It is a Mountainous Country Dalem Dalemum a small Town of the Dutchy of Limburg in the Low Countreys under the Hollanders It stands upon a Stream two Leagues from Liege and three from Aix la Chapelle fortified with a strong Castle and adorned with the Title of an Earldom and likewise enjoying a Jurisdiction over a Territory of many Villages beyond the Meuse Dalia a Province contained within Westrogothia in the Kingdom of Sweden between the Lake of of Vener and the Prefecture of Bahuys Dalebourg is the most considerable Town in it Dallendorf a Village and Castle in Eyfel in the Dutchy of Juliers which was the Seat of the ancient Taliates sometimes called Tallenford Dalmatia the Eastern part of the ancient Illyricum called by the Ancients Delmio or Dalmatia from a City of that Name its Capital The Inhabitants of which revolting with about twenty Towns from the Kingdom of Epirus called this small District by the Name of Dalmatia Afterwards it was conquered by the Romans and after this by the Sclavonians called by the Turks Bosnaeli by the Poles Slowienska by the Italians Schiavonia by the French Dalmatie That Country which now goes by the Name is but a small part of the ancient Dalmatia lying upon the Adriatick Sea and bounded on the North by Croatia and Bosnia on the East by Servia on the South by Albania and on the West by the Adriatick in which Bounds Morlachia is included In the year 1076. Pope Gregory VII in a Council held at Salona actually erected this Country into a Kingdom by the Investiture of Demetrius then Duke of Dalmatia with all the Ensigns of Royalty Now the greatest part is under the Turks but the Sea-Coasts and Islands are in the hands of the Venetians who have taken several Forts from the Turks in this present War The Common-wealth of Ragusa lies in Dalmatia also which is not subject either to the Turks or Venetians though it payeth a voluntary Tribute to the former but in 1686. they were very earnest with the Emperor of Germany by their Embassador to undertake their Protection against the Turks The Sclavonian Language is spoken by the Natives of Dalmatia Dalton a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Loynsdale seated in a Champaign Country not far from the Sea Dam a strong Town in Flanders built of late years to secure Bruges against the Hollanders from which it stands but one League towards the North. This is still in the hands of the Spaniard § Dam a strong Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania upon the River Oder right over against Stetin which is in the Possession of the King of Sweden § Dam a Town in Gronningen three Miles from the chief City of that Province to the East and one from Delfziil to the West seated upon Damsterdiep Damala Troezeu once a City now a small Town or Village on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea twenty seven Miles from Napoli to the North-East and fourteen from Corinth to the South-East Daman or Damaon a celebrated Port on the West of Malabar in the Kingdom of Guzurate upon the Coast of the Gulph of Cambaia twenty Leagues from Surate in 20. deg of Northern Latitude in the hands of the Portuguese who built it and have so strongly fortified it that the Great Mogul in vain of late besieged it with forty thousand men Damascus is the principal and the most ancient Town in Syria seated in a Plain upon the Chrysorrhoas or a River called the Golden Stream by the Ancients surrounded with Mountains one hundred and forty Miles from Jerusalem to the South and Antioch to the North. This City is so ancient that it is not known when or by whom it was built but it is mentioned by Abraham In the succeeding Ages
the South thirty six from Lion to the North. It is a great and well built City and has an old Castle and a small Territory belonging to it Long. 26. 02. Lat. 46. 50. Aurelian the Emperor walled it The Children of Hugh Capet who made this the Capital of the Kingdom of Burgundy much enlarged and beautified it Under the Dukes of Burgundy it had Counts And Lewis XI who got the possession of it after the Death of the Duke of Burgundy by the means of the then Prince of Orange built the Castle to keep the Inhabitants in Subjection The Reformed Religion in 1562. beginning to spread here was extinguished by an Edict those that imbraced it being disarmed and some of them banished Near this City S. Bernard was born There was a French Council held here in 1075. And another in 1199. under Pope Innocent III. at the Instance of Canutus King of Denmark in the behalf of his Sister Isemburge Wife of Philip the August King of France who had divorced her and remarried Whereupon the whole Kingdom was interdicted by the Pope's Legate in this Council and continued so seven Months till King Philip vacated the said Divorce and received the Lady for his Wife again By a Stone with an old Roman Inscription here found it appears that this City was in those times called Dibione The Mayor of it is honoured with the Title of a Viscount Dilinghen Dilinga a City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the Danube in the Diocese of Auspurgh seven Miles East of Vlm and the same Distance North-West from Auspurgh An University here was founded by Cardinal Otto Trucio Bishop of Auspurgh under Pope Julius III. in 1549. This City and the County belonging to it were united for ever to the Bishoprick of Auspurg by Hermanus the last Count Bishop of this Diocese who died about the Year 1260. The Jesuits of Dilinghen gave great Provocations to the Swedish War in Germany by perswading Ferdinand II. that the Protestants of his times were not the same with those of 1530. tolerated by Charles V. and therefore the Emperor who was then victorious was not obliged to keep the Peace with them By which Insinuation in 1629. they put that Prince on those Actions which brought on a War that had like to have ended in the Ruin of the House of Austria the German Liberty the Empire and the Roman Catholick Religion there Dillemburgh a Town and County in the Circle of the Rhine in VVesterwalt The Town stands on the River Dilla five German Miles from Marpurgh to the West and eleven from Francfort upon a Hill and has a strong Castle in which the Counts reside The County is called by the Germans Das Graffschaft von Dillemburgh bounded on the East by Hassia on the North by Westphalia on the West by the Rhine and on the South by Solmis This is under the Dominion of its own Prince who is of the Family of Nassau There is in it besides Dillemburgh a Town called Herborn which is an University Dimel Dimola Dilla a River of Germany which divides Hassia from VVestphalia and falls into the Weser at Helmerstrusen seven Miles East of Paderborn Dimitrado See Demetriade Dimotuc Didymotyches a City of Thrace upon the River Hebrus which almost surrounds it about seven Miles from Adrianople to the South Formerly a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Adrianople but now an Archbishop's Bajazet one of the Turkish Emperors was born here who resign'd the Empire and retired hither again Dinant Dinantium a Town in the Bishoprick of Leige upon the River Maes over which it hath a Stone-Bridge that has been ruined often but now repaired ten German Miles from Brussels to the North-East Taken by the French in the Reign of Henry II. in 1554. and almost ruined and its Cittadel demolished But all very well rebuilt again and its Cittadel is now standing upon a steep Rock There is another Town of the same Name in the Dutchy of Britain in France upon the River Rance five Miles South of S. Malo which was heretofore a strong Place and gave the Title of Earl to the younger Sons of the Dukes of Brittany Dingle Dinglae a small Town and a convenient Port in the County of Kerry in the Province of Mounster in the South-West Part of Ireland which stands upon a large Bay of the same Name seventy English Miles West of Cork § There is a Marsh in the County of Suffolk of the same Name which signifies salt Water washes as Mr. Camden seems to intimate Dingolving or Dingelfing Dingolvinga a small Town in the Dukedom of Bavaria where there was a Council held in 772. Dinkesipiel Dinchespila a small Imperial City in the Borders of Franconia upon the River Warnaw twelve Miles from Vlm to the North-East and ten from Nuremberg to the South-West It belongs to the Circle of Schwaben and has been often taken by the Swedes and French in the Wars of Germany Dionysia a figurative Name of the Island Naxia in the Archipelago given it by the Ancients in Allusion to Dionysius or Bacchus upon the Account of its abounding with excellent Wines Dionysiopolis divers antient Cities occur under this Name One in Bulgaria see Varna One upon the River Indus in Asia in the Country where stood the Pillars called Dionysii Columnae This the Ancients report to have been built by Dionysius or Bacchus being the same with the Nagara Nysse or Nerus of the modern Geographers One in Phrygia mentioned by Pliny And another in Africa by Stephanus Dioscoros Dioscori or Dioscoride an Island of Magna Graecia in the Calabrian Ocean over against Capo delle Colonne at a few Leagues distance § Another of Africa See Zocotera Diospolis an ancient City in the Thebais in the Kingdom of Aegypt surnamed Hecatompylos from its having an hundred Gates or rather so many Princely Palaces in it when the Kings of Aegypt called Diospolites after its Name made this place their Residence and Capital of their Kingdom § Also an ancient City of the Holy Land which was made a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem Called otherwise Lydda Rama and S. George and remarked in Ecclesiastical History for a Council assembled at it in 415. against Pelagius wherein he was acquitted of the Accusations of his Adversaries Dirgh a Lake in the County of Dungal in the Province of Vlster in Ireland out of which the River Leffye springs In an Island thereof you see the Cave the People call S. Patrick's Purgatory near the Ruines of a Monastery that was dedicated to S. Patrick The Noise of some subterraneous Winds or Waters heard by the People hath occasioned this conceited Name amongst them Disne See Aisne Disse a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk upon the River Wavenay The Capital of its Hundred Ditmarsen See Dietmarsh Diu Diou or Dive a small Island with a Fort upon it in the Mouth of the River Indus belonging to the Portuguese It has also a small but very strong
City belonging to it which the Turks in the Years 1538. and 1548. besieged in vain This Island is a part of the Kingdom of Guzarate and lies fifty Leagues from Surata to the West at the Entrance of the Bay of Cambaya It hath been in the Hands of the Portuguese ever since 1535. Divan Du Rou Insulae Divandurae a Knot of five or six small Islands in the Archipelago de Maldivas in the East-Indies under the King of Cananor About twenty seven Leagues distant from the Island of Malicut They are reputed extreamly healthful Dive in Latin Diva and Deva a River in Normandy which riseth near the Town of Dive and running North-West takes in the Ante at Morteaux the Leison and Vie at Hervetot the Mauch the Beverrone and some others and falls into the British Sea below Cabour five Miles and a half West of Honfleure § There is a River in the Province of Poictou of this Name which takes its Rise at the Town Grimaudiere receives the Gron at Moncontour and continuing its Course to Londun takes in the Matrevil and the Briaude till below S. Just it self is received by the Thouay which soon after falls into the Loyre Divertigi Selucia ad Belum a City of Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Apamea lying in Syria thirty Miles from Antioch to the East It may be supposed to be now ruined being hardly to be found in the later Maps Divice a famous Fountain at Bourdeaux Diul Indus Dixmuyde or Dixmude Dixmuda a very strong Town in Flanders in the Possession of the Spaniards though it has been often taken by the French This Town stands upon the River Ipre three Miles from New-Port to the South and is now a Frontier Town against the French Doblin Dublinum a City in Curland upon the River Terwa in the Confines of Samogitia six German Miles from Mittaw to the West and fourteen from VVomic or Mednici to the East Under the Duke of Curland Dobroncha Epidaurus a Maritime City of Dalmatia Dobrzin Dobrinum Debricinium Dobriznum a Town in Poland which is the Capital of a Palatinate upon the Vistula between Ploczko to the South and Wladislaw to the North a few Leagues above Culm The Palatinate is usually taken for a part of that of Ploczko on which it borders to the North as it does on the Vistula to the West and Prussia to the North. Docastelli Lycastum a Town of Cappadocia in the Borders of Paphligonia upon the Shoars of the Euxine Sea near the Bay of Amisenum between Halis and Iris Irio distant from Amiso to the East thirty six Miles Docum Dockum or Dorkum Doccumum Docomium one of the principal Towns in West-Friesland four Leagues from Leeuwarden towards the North-West and five from Groningen upon a Canal near the Sea Dodbrook a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Colrudge Dodona an ancient City of the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece in the Country then called Molossia famous for the neighbouring Grove of Dodona in which Jupiter had his Temple and his Oracle with the Title of Dodonaeus thence It stood near a River of the same Name that joined it self with the Achelous Doesbourg or Doesborck Doesburgus Drusiburgus Arx Drusiana a strong rich and populous Town in the Province of Guelderland in the Low-Countreys upon the Issel at the Mouth of the old Canal of Drusus one German Mile from Zutphen Taken by the French in 1672. It is no very great Town Doffrini the Mountains of Scandinavia Doggers bank the Name of some Sands in the German Ocean Doira and Doria a double River of Piedmont The Greater which is called Doria Balta springeth from the Grecian Alpes in the Borders of Le Vallais and leaving Aosta Pont de S. Martino and Inurea to the East at the latter it divides sends one Branch to Vercelli called the Naulio then continuing its course it receiveth from the West the Cuisella and ends in the Po at Verolengo or S. Giovan thirty two Miles from Alexandria to the North-West The Lesser Doria riseth in the Cottian Alpes from the Mountains called the Genebre in the Dauphinate and running East it washeth Susa Bozolengo and Aviglana and falls into the Po not above half a Mile beneath Turino Dol Dolum Neodunum Tollium a City in the Lesser Britainy in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours called by the Ancients NEODVNVM stands in a Marshy Ground and of no great Circumference not above two Leagues from the British Sea and four from S. Maloe's with a Castle There was a Council here assembled by Pope Vrban II. in 1094. The Bishops of this See have formerly made strong Pretensions to the Metropolitanship of Bretagne Dolcigno See Dulcigno Dole Dola ad Dubim a City in the Dukedom of Burgundy strongly fortified being the Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Parliament and an University founded in the year 1426. by Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy It stands upon the River Dou Dubis nine Miles from Dyon to the East and from Verdun to the North. This Town was sack'd by Lewis XI in 1479. Fortified by the Emperor Charles V. in 1530. Besieged by the French without their taking of it in 1636. Taken by the French from the Spaniards in 1668. Retaken in 1674. and by the Treaty of Nimeguen annexed to the Crown of France for ever The Country about is called the Bailage de Dole which together with the Town was then resigned to the French King Dollert a vast Lake or Bay at the Mouth of the River Amasus between Groningen and Emden which in 1277. was made by an Inundation of the Sea in which thirty three Villages were swallowed up and irrecoverably lost It is otherwise called the Gulph of Emden The South part of Groningen suffered not much less by such another raging Overflow from Groningen diep in the year 1686. Dolomieu A Village in Dauphine betwixt Moresel and La Tour du Pin. Much spoken of in France in the year 1680. for a feigned Story of the killing of a Flying Dragon there and of a Carbuncle in his head of extraordinary value Dombes Tractus Dombensis a small Territory of France incompassed on all sides by le Bresse except on the West where it is bounded by the River Saone which parts it from Baujolois It lies between Mascon to the North and Lyon to the South and though small is yet very fruitful honoured with the Title of a Principality under its own Princes of the House of Bourbon The Capital of it is Trevoux four Miles above Lyon to the North. This Principality was given to Lewis II. Duke of Bourbon by Edward the last Duke of the Race de Baujolois in 1400. Domburg a Town of good Antiquity and pleasantly situated in the Isle of Walcheren in Zealand about two Dutch Miles from Middleburg in the same Island to the West Domezopoli Domitiopolis once a famous City of Isauria in the Lesser Asia and a Bishops See under
an ancient Country of Achaia in Greece now known by the Name of the Valley of Livadia as all Achaia is now called Livadia The Cities Lilaea Erineus c. in those times stood in it It was particularly famous for one of the four Dialects of the Greek Tongue called the Dorick after its own Name in which Archimedes Theocritus and Pindar write and which was in use in the several Countrys and Kingdoms of Lacedaemonia Argos Epirus Lydia Sicily Rhodes and Crete § There was another Doris in Caria in the Lesser Asia which received its Name from this Dorisques Drosica Doriscum a Tract in the Province of Romania or Thrace in Greece mentioned in ancient History to be the place in which Xerxes numbered his vast Army in the Gross by the quantity of the Ground they stood upon Dormans a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Marne betwixt Epernay and Chateau-Tierry giving Name to an ancient Family of that Province Dorn See Tornaw Dornick See Tournay Dornock Dorno Durnodunum a Town in Sutherland on the East of Scotland North of the Fyrth of Murray and Terbat-Ness The head City of this County and the common Residence of the Bishop of Cathnesse who is under the Archbishop of S. Andrews it has also a large and a safe Haven upon a Gulph called the Fyrth of Dornock Long. 15. 10. Lat. 58. 10. Doro Oboca a River in Ireland It takes its Origine in the County of Dublin and passing thence through that of Catherlogh receives into its Bed some small Rivers with which it falls into the Irish Sea near the Port of Arcklow Dorsetshire Durotriges is bounded on the North with Somersetshire and Wiltshire on the West with Devonshire and some part of Somersetshire on the East with Hampâ—shire and on the South which is the longest side by the British Sea generally fruitful the North parts full of Woods from whence it descends by fruitful Hills and pleasant Meadows intermixed one with another to the very Shoars of the Ocean The principal City in it is Dorchester The principal Rivers the Stower and the Frome The Honourable Charles Sackvill is the Sixth of this Family that has born the Title of Earl of Dorset he succeeded his Father in 1667. The Beauforts and the Greys had enjoyed the Title of Marquesses of Dorset before The last of which was Henry Grey Duke of Suffolk beheaded in 1553. Dorsten Dorsta a City of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Lype which falls into the Wesel at Ducat this City is under the Elector of Cologne well fortified but yet it has of late been often taken and retaken It stands ten Miles from Cologne to the North and a little less from Munster to the South-West Dort Dordracum sometime called Dordrecht is the principal Town in the County or Earldom of Holland seated at the Mouth of the Maes in South-Holland seven Leagues from Leyden to the South five from Breda to the North and three from Rotterdam to the South-East This was the Seat of the Counts of Holland in ancient times and then of great consideration In 1421. by a violent Inundation of the Sea the Vahal and the Maes in which sixty two good Towns were irrecoverably lost this City which was before a Continent was turned into an Island There perished then one hundred thousand persons Con tuti li loro beni with all their Wealth and Goods and only some little part of the Land has been since recovered The City is great beautiful rich potent and has many gentile Buildings both publick and private but the great Church which is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and was founded in 1363. is exceedingly magnificent In ancient times it was the Staple of the Rhinish Wines and of the Corn that came from Guelderland Cleves and Juliers which contributed much to the Wealth and Populousness of it thus far Guicciardin Also famous for the Synod here holden against the Remonstrants or Arminians in 1618. and 1619. When Philip II. King of Spain made his Royal Entry in 1549. they thus expressed the site and glory of this Place Me Mosa Vvalis cum Linga Meruaque cingunt Aeternam Batavae Virginis ecce Fidem by which is shewn that she stands upon four Rivers the Meuse the Merwe the Rhine and the Linghe and was never taken by any Enemy Dortmund Termonia Dormania a City in the Circle of Westphalia in the County of Mark or Markischlandt upon the River Emser five German Miles from Dorsten to the South-East and seven from Munster to the South-West This City is small but rich and populous a Free and Imperial City one of the Hanse-Towns notwithstanding the Pretences of the Duke of Brandenburgh who is Master of the Mark in which it stands There was a Council celebrated here in the year 1005. by the order of the Emperour St. Henry Dotecom a small Town in the Dutchy of Guelderland in the Low-Countrys two Miles from Doesborck upon the Issel It surrendred to the French in 1672. being a place of no Strength Dou Doux Dubis and Alduadubis a River of France it ariseth in Switzerland from the Mountain of Jura near Mortay in the Franche County and running North-East it watereth Franchimon and Montbeliart where it turns and runs South-West by Lisle Clerval Besanzon and Dole beneath which it receiveth the Louve a considerable River from the South and at Verdun it ends in the Saone Araris It is called in the Maps Le Doule Douay Duacum a City of Flanders upon the River Scarpe which falls into the Schelde about one Mile lower in the Borders of Artois and Flanders five Leagues from Cambray to the South-West four from Arras to the North. At first only a Castle which being almost ruined Amatus a Bishop repaired it in 665. But now a great and a fortified City and has a fine Magazin well furnished In 1572. Philip II. King of Spain made it an University and opened those Colleges for the English Roman Catholicks which have rendered it more known to this Nation than any other thing Taken by the King of France in 1667. and by the Treaty of Aquisgrane confirmed to him so that it is still in his Possession Doue Dovaeum Duaeum a Town in the Dukedom of Anjou in France beyond the Loyre upon the River Layon four Leagues from Saumur to the South-West and seven from Anger 's to the South-East Though this is now a small Village yet it deserves to be taken notice of for an Amphitheatre built here in the times of the Roman Empire which is still standing and almost perfect it contains only sixteen hundred Foot in Compass and yet is so contrived that above fifteen thousand persons might see their Exercises without incommoding each other there are here also Vaults and Sewers built under the Earth and Arched with wonderful Art and Expence § Dove a River in Staffordshire upon which Tudbury stands Dover Dorovernum Darvernum DVBRIS is a very ancient strong Town seated in the middle
Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Scarhampton by the Sea side Dunwich an ancient Corporation once a potent City on the Coast of Suffolk Foelix the Burgundian who established the East Angles then wavering in the Christian Faith in 630. placed here a Bishops See which continued till Bisus the fourth Bishop after him removed to North Elmham leaving a suffragan Bishop only at Dunwich in which times it was very populous and so strong that it curbed Robert Earl of Leicester in his Rebellion against his Prince In the Reign of Henry II. it had a Mint William of Newbery calls it Vicus insignis variis opibus refertus a Town of good note well stored with all sorts of Riches But it is now a poor small Corporation which bating the honor of sending two Burgesses to the Parliament has nothing to Consolate it self withal Time the Sea and Men as bad as either have by degrees ruined not only the Town but the greatest part of the ground it stood upon and instead of its ancient variety of Riches there is now an uniform Poverty and desolation Durance Druentius Durantius a very rapid River in Provence in France which infesteth the Country with frequent Inundations It ariseth from Mount Genebra one of the Cottian Alpes not far from Pignerol in Piedmont or as others in the Dauphinate near Brianzon and passing on watereth Embrun and Gap and entring Provence takes in the Hubaye the Buech the Suse then passing Sisteron and Manosque it entertains the Verdon and a little beneath Cavaillon and Avignon unites with the Rhosne It will neither indure Boats nor Bridges by reason of its great rapidity and swiftness especially beneath Sisteron Durango Durangum a City of North America in the Province of New Biscay but near the Confines of New Spain towards the Zacatecas built at the foot of an Hill which was made a Bishoprick by the Archbishop of Mexico in 1620. § There is a small Town of this name also in the Principality of Biscay in the Kingdom of Old Spain Durazzo Durracium Dyrrachium Epidamnus called by the Turks Drazzi by the French Duras is a very ancient and much celebrated City of Macedonia in the Kingdom of Albania It has now a strong Castle and a large Haven seated on the Eastern Shoar of the Adriatick Sea upon the River Argentaro or Arzento North-East of Brindisi or Brundusium in the Kingdom of Naples from which it is distant one hundred and twenty Miles Built by the Corcyreans now called Corfu in the Year of the World 3327. One hundred and thirty years after Rome and six hundred twenty one before the Birth of our Saviour In the Year of the World 3512. being much streightned by its Fugitives it had recourse to the Assistance of the Corinthians but the Corcyreans taking part with those Exiles the Corinthians were beaten which drew on an Athenian War and that the Peloponnesian This City fell first with the rest of Greece under the Power of the Kings of Macedonia and together with Macedonia was subject to the Romans who made it a Roman Colony In the times of the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey it was the Seat of great Actions for Pompey chose it and it was the only prosperous Scene of that Party and had proved the ruin of Caesar if Pompey had pursued his first successes with vigor Not long before it had given entertainment to Cicero in his Exile and appears every where favourable to the Republicans It was also a Roman Colony but when setled I cannot now find In the times of Christianity it became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople as it is still in the later times of the Greek Empire it had Princes of the Caroline Line of France from whom it passed to the Venetians and from them it was taken by Mahomet III. But the Venetians Sacked it in 1554. by their Fleet. Long. 44. 20. Lat. 41. 42. Duren Dura Duria Marcodurum a City in the Dukedom of Juliers in Germany upon the River Roer not two Miles from Gulick to the South and five from Cologne to the West This was the ancient Marcodurum in the opinion of Cluverius and all the other Geographers made a Free Imperial City by Charles IV. Emperor of Germany Charles V. being incensed against John Duke of Cleves who had married Mary the Daughter of William the last Duke of Juliers and Leagued with the French King Francis I. against him in 1545. entred the Dukedom of Juliers and after a sharp Siege took this City and burnt it it has been reduced into subjection again and is now under the Duke of Newbourg by the Treaty of Faisans in 1659. Three Councils were Celebrated here in the years 761. 775. 779. Durgat Phrygia a part of Anatolia or Asia the Less Durham Dunehelmum a City and County Palatine in the North of England The City is seated upon the River Ware in a Peninsula made by this River which washeth three sides of it and gives passage into it by three Bridges The ground of it is a natural Hill which contributes no less than the River to the strength and pleasantness of its situation also secured by a Wall and a Castle in the midst of it the Cathedral being a Bishops See under the Archbishop of York is towards the South side of the City and of great beauty This City is yet of no great Antiquity being built or rather begun by the Monks of Dindisfarn in 995. before which it was a Wood and then not cleared without difficulty In the times of William the Conqueror it was imployed by the Saxons as a place of Refuge against him but they were soon forced to betake themselves to Scotland for their greater security VVilliam the Conqueror being possessed of it built the Castle for a Curb to these Northern parts and a security against the Scots The present Cathedral was began about the same time by VVilliam de Careleph then Bishop of Durham and finished by his Successor This City gave great Protection to the English in 1346 when David Bruce King of Scotland harrassed the Nothern parts whilst Edward III. besieged Calais but the said Bruce was soon after overthrown in Battel and taken Prisoner at Nevills Cross In the times of Edward VI. the Bishoprick was dissolved by Act of Parliament and given to that Prince but Q. Mary dissolved that Statute and restored the Bishoprick with all its Franchises In 1640. in the beginning of the Rebellion it fell after Newbury Fight into the hands of the Scots and being left by them the year following it followed the fate of the War as the Parties prevailed upon each other Long. 22. 00. Lat. 54. 57. The County or Bishoprick of Durham is bounded on the North and West by the River Derwent which separates it from Northumberland on the South by the River Tees which parts it from Westmorland West and York to the South and on the East it has the Sea The West
another River Iberus which is apprehended to be the same with that the Moderns call Rio Tinto Ebudae Hebudes Hebrides Aebudae five small Islands to the West of the Kingdom of Scotland now more commonly thence called the VVestern Isles They have the honour to constitute a Bishoprick under the Archbishoprick of Glascow Eburones Eburonices Aulerici Eburiaci and Eburovices an ancient People of Gallia Celtica dwelling at and about the modern Eureux in Normandy and the Diocese of Liege taken in its former Latitude Ebusus See Ivica Ecbatana the Capital City of the Kingdom of the ancient Medes apprehended to be the same with the Modern Casbin or else Tauris of Persia See Casbin Hani and Tauris King Cambyses died here in the year of the World 3532. Parmenion by the order of Alexander Magnus was killed in 3725. and the alter Alexander Hephaestion buried here in 3728. with so much Funeral Pomp as amounted to twelve thousand Talents § There was another ancient Ecbatana in Phoenicia towards Mount Carmel Eccleshal a Market-Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill Ecija Astigi Astygi a City of the Kingdom of Andalusia in Spain called by Pliny Augusta Firma upon the River Xenil over which it hath a Bridge eight Miles from Cordova to the South and fourteen from Sevil to the North. This was anciently a Bishops See but now a part of the Diocese of Sevil and at this time one of the best Cities in Andaluzia recovered from the Moors in 1239. L'Ecluse See Sluys Eda Baetius a River in Arabia Foelix which springing out of the Mountains of Ghazuan Bengebres watereth Harsan and a little below Tajef takes in the River Chaibar then by passing by Badid Almortasse Baisat and Mecca it falls into the Red Sea at Ziden or Giodda over against Suaquem in Africa Edel Rha. See Wolgha Eden the Garden of Paradise described Gen. 2. 3. to be planted by the Divine hand at the head of a River which afterwards breaking into four Currents produces the Rivers Pison Geichon Hiddekel and Euphrates from whence they conjecture this Garden to have had its place in the Country about Mesopotamia in Asia Not but that the circumstances of the Guardian Cherubims and a Flaming Sword invisible the Fruit-Trees of Life and Knowledge the Serpents talking with Humane Voice and by an easie fallacy trepanning of his Lord into a condition of entailing Curses upon posterity unborn c. have administred apprehensions to the Curious of this History's being either an Hypothesis of the Writer or an Allegory § Eden Ituna a River of England which ariseth from Huseat Movel-Hill in Yorkshire It passeth Pendragon Castle Kirby Steven Appleby and at Hornbey takes in the River Eimot and entereth Cumberland out of VVestmâ—rland running Northward it passeth Corby Castle and VVarwick then turning West it watereth Carlisse taking in Petterel and Canda one above the other beneath that City also the Irthing which falleth by Brampton and Kirksop the Boundary of England and Scotland so falleth by the Bay of Itune or Eden into the Irish Sea between Anand Castle in Scotland and Boulnesse in England Eder Adrana Aeder a River of Germany which ariseth in the Vpper Hassia and flowing through the Earldom of VValdeck watereth Franekenberg VValdeck and two Miles above Cassel to the North falls into the River Fuld Edernay Hadrianopolis See Adrianople Edessa See Rhoa Edgware a small Market Town in the County of Middlesex in the Hundred of Gore Edinburgh Agneda Edenburgum is the Capital City of the Kingdom of Scotland and Seat of the Kings of that Nation It stands in the South part of Scotland in the County of Lothaine anciently called CASTRVM ALATVM and Edenburroth signifies the same thing for Aidan in the Welsh is Wing it stands on a high Ground in an healthful Air a fruitful Soil watered by many excellent Springs in length from East to West a Mile the breadth something less the Walls strong the publick and private Buildings Magnificent full of People and has a competent Trade by the advantage of the Port of Leith not far from it At the East end is the Royal Palace by it a fine Park and not far off a strong Castle upon a Rock As the variety of the Fortune of War changed this City fell sometimes into the hands of the English and at others of the Scots till 960. when the last prevailed by the means of the Danish Irruptions September 14. 1650. after the Battel of Dunbar the Castle was delivered into hands of the English who kept it till the Restitution of Charles II. And June 13. 1689. the Duke of Gourdon surrendred the same to K. William's Forces under Sir John Lanier upon Conditions for the Garrison only For as to his own Interest he submitted himself to K. William's discretion It lies in Long. 16. 00. Lat. 56. 15. § The Fyrth of Edinburgh is one of the greatest Bays in Scotland on the North it has Fife on the South Sterling and Lothaine and several of the principal Cities of this Kingdom stand about it or near to it Edge-Hill a place in VVarwickshire near Kyneneton seven Miles South of VVarwick where on Sunday October 23. 1642. was fought the first Battel between Charles I. and the Parliamentarians under the Earl of Essex The Earl of Lindsey Commander of the King's Battalia and General of the Field was slain and the Standard taken but retaken by Sir John Smyth who after the Fight was made a Knight Banneret The King had in this first Battel clearly the advantage and opened his way to Oxford and London and the next day took Banbury whereas Essex retreated first to VVarwick then to Coventry and left both the Field and the Passes Edom. See Idumaea Efeso See Ephesus Ega a River in Spain it ariseth in Aalva in Biscay and flowing through the Kingdom of Navarr watereth Stella and Villa Tuercta and between Calahorra and Villafranca falls on the North into the Ebro Egates or Aegates a knot of Islands in the Sicilian Sea over against the Promontory of Drepanum in Sicily to the West They are memorable for the Naval Victory obtained here by C. Lutatius Catulus the Roman Consul over the Carthaginians wherein seventy of their Vessels being taken and fifty sunk a Peace by them desired was concluded upon condition they should quit all their pretensions to the Islands betwixt Italy and Africa with which the first Punick War ended in the year of Rome 513. i. e. 241. before Christ See Gotham Egaean Sea See Archipelago Eger and Etlaw See Agria Eger Egra and Oegra a strong Town in the Kingdom of Bohemia upon a River of its own Name towards the Frontiers of Franconia in Germany It was the Seat of the ancient Narisci according to Thuanus and became first a dependent of the Crown of Bohemia by Mortgage in 1315. In the German Wars often besieged Those of the Country call it Heb or Cheb Egers Aegiricius Egericius commonly called Gers a River of France in the
small Island near Malta to the West at the distance of four Miles only mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Now belonging to the Knights of Maltha who have fortified it with a Castle § Also an Island in the Sea of Crete near Cape Crio called Claudia in the Acts of the Apostles C. 27. 16. and otherwise by the Ancients Claudus and Claudos La Grace or La Grasse a City of Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the stead of Antipolis now Antibe it is seated upon an Hill and is a fine well built City with divers Churches and Religious Houses in it three Leagues from Antibe to the West seven from Nice to the same quarter about twenty four from Embrun to the South and the same from Sisteron to the South West Hadr. Vales in his Notitia Galliae saith this City in 1285 belonged to the Bishoprick of Arles and Antibe was then the Bishops See but in 1322. this is named as a Suffragan Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the Itinerary of Gregory XI And that the See was removed hither upon the account of the daily Incursions of Pyrats and Robbers and upon the slaughter of one of the Bishops of Antibe For saith he Antibe is a Sea-Port but La Grace is a strong Castle and more remote from the Sea Which reason sheweth the weakness of the French Nation at Sea in those times Gracias a Dios a Town and Cape of the Province of Honduras in New Spain in the Northern America possessed by the Salvages with the whole Country thereabouts to the extent of fifty Leagues living in a Republican way without any Soveraign King or Prince over them and when they go to War making choice of one out of themselves to command for that present Juncture The Spaniards honour them with the Title of los Indios Bravos for their Gallantry having been never conquered yet Gradiska Gradiscia a principal Town of the Province of Sclavonia in the Lower Hungary upon the Save betwixt Possega and Zagrabia towards the Borders of Croatia See Sclavonia Some will have it to be the true Servitium of the Ancients § A Fortress likewise in Friuli in the County of Goritia upon the River Sisonzo which belongs to the House of Austria Grado Gradus a City and Island belonging to Friuli on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea or Gulph of Venice built by the Inhabitants of Aquileja eight Miles from Venice to the East and twelve from Aquileja to the South under the Venetians The Patriarchs of Aquileja long since removed from thence and settled here as they went afterwards from hence to Venice about two hundred years since Elias one of these Patriarchs in 602. celebrated a Council in this place Grafignana Caferoniana a County within the Apennine the greatest part of which is under the Duke of Modena the rest belongs to the Republick of Lucca Graftschaft Mansfeld Mansfeldiensis Comitatus the County of Mansfield The word Graftschaft in the German Town signifying a County Grafton a Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Cleley adorned with a Park and an ancient Seat of the Family de Wideville Earls of Rivers The Marriage of King Edward IV. with the Lady Grey which was the first Marriage of any King of England with a Subject from the Conquest received its consummation here From the year 1490. to Henry VIII this Seat bequeathed by Richard the last of the Male Line of the Rivers to Thomas Grey Marquess of Dorset continued in the Name of the Greys and then in an exchange for Lands in Leicestershire became united to the Crown It is well known for giving the Title of Duke to the late Henry Fitz Roy created by King Charles II. his Father Baron of Sudbury Viscount Ipswich and Earl of Euston in 1672. and Duke of Grafton five years after who dyed of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Cork Grambusia Crambusia a small Island on the Coast of Cilicia Grampond a Market and Borough-Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder which returns two Members of Parliament Gran Strigonium a City of the Lower Hungary seated on the South-West side of the River Danube where the River Gran falls into the Danube It s Castle is a very fine Pile built upon the Banks of the Danube upon a Rock which is very steep The City is of a Triangular form It has two great Towers one toward Thomasberg and the other towards the Danube over against Barkan between these Towers there is a Wall which has small Flanks and Redoubts and a Dike flanked with hewen Stone at the foot of the Dike there runs a Terrasse which has strong Pallisadoes and four great Points instead of Ravelins the other side towards the Danube has nothing but Walls and Pallisadoes it is very steep on that side and secured by the River The Castle stands very high but there are two Mountains from which it may be battered This City is divided into two parts the High and the Low Town the last commanding the Danube they are both very strong and have good Walls S. Thomas's Hill is also well fortified because being very near the Town it would otherwise have commanded it There are in it excellent temperate Baths This City was heretofore the Capital of Hungary and has many magnificent Buildings in it as S. Stephens Church the Archbishops Palace c. The Country about it affords excellent Wines there is plenty of hot Springs so that the pleasantness of its situation and the fertility of the Soil easily induced the ancient Kings of Hungary to settle here The importance of this Place has brought upon it many bloody Sieges John King of Hungary besieged it without any success about 1529. Solyman the Magnificent took it in 1544. The Count of Mansfield retook it for the Arch-Duke Matthias in 1595. It was lost again by the Cowardize of the Garrison in 1605. the Governour being accidentally killed Just over against it stands Barkan to which there is a Bridge of Boats over the Danube which together with Barkan was burnt by the Christians in 1664. In 1683. there was under the Walls of this City a sharp Engagement between the Turks and Germans the latter prevailing and taking the City of Gran also October 23 after they had beat the Turks from Vienna July 30. 1685. the Turks again besieged this City but were forced to retire Aug. 16. with the loss of all their Cannon and Baggage It stands six German Miles from Alba Regalis to the East the same from Buda to the North and Comora to the South in a most fruitful and pleasant Plain Called by the Inhabitants Stegran by the Germans Gran by the Italians Strigonia S. Stephen King of Hungary was born here This City is also an Archbishops See the Archbishop is perpetual Chancellor of the Kingdom of Hungary and ought by his place to have the Honour of Crowning the King after he is
of a different both Stature and Humour from the rest of France which is not much to be wondered at considering the English Nation for three hundred years together were possess'd of this Country See Gascoigne The principal Rivers of it are the Garonne and the Dordonne which meet at Retraicte and in one Channel fall into the Ocean The chief Cities are Bourdeaux Baionne and Dax or D'Acqs Guienne is thought to be but a Corruption of Aquitania which was the Roman Name for it then enlarged to a sar greater Extent Guilan or Guilao the Hyrcanian Sea Guilford the Capital Town of the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Woking which returns two Members to the House of Commons It is pleasantly situated upon the River Wey containing three Parishes well frequented accommodated and handsom The Saxon Kings had a Royal Mansion here in whose time it was a Place of greater Extent The Ruins of a large old Castle near the River remain yet to be seen In the year 1660. King Charles II created Elizabeth Viscountess of Kinelmalky in Ireland Countess of this Place for her Life In 1674. the Title of Earl of Guilford was granted by the same King to John Maitland the late Duke of Lautherdale in Scotland After whom the late Lord Francis North received the Title of Baron Guilford from the same King also S. Guillain Gislenopolis a Town in Hainault which has a Monastery belonging to it Taken by the French in 1654. and retaken by the Spaniards in 1656. Guimaranes Catraleucos Vimananum Egita Araduca once a City and frequently mentioned as such now a small Village in Entre Douero è Minho in Portugal three Leagues from Braga towards the East This was the Place where S. Damasus one of the ancient Popes was born Guinee Guinea a very great Country on the Western Shoars of Africa which by the Portuguese the first Discoverers of it is divided into two Parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper Guinee is bounded with Nigritia on the North the Atlantick Ocean on the South and has the Kingdom of Congo on the East and the Mountains of Leon on the West It is a very fruitful Country in Gold Ivory Sugar Cotton Rice c. of a great Extent from East to West and much frequented by the European Ships It is divided into three Parts Guinee properly so called which lies in the middle Malâ—gueta which lies to the West and the Kingdom of Beni which lies to the East § Guinee properly so called is a very large Country in Africa upon the Shoars of the Ocean between Malegueta to the West from which it is separated by the Cape of Palmes and the Kingdom of Beni to the East from which it is divided by the River de la Volta It is divided into la Coste d'or which lies East between the Rivers Asien and la Volta and la Coste des Dents which lies West between the Cape of Palmes and the River Asien by which it is parted from the former On the Coste d'or are many Castles belonging to the English Swedes Danes and Hollanders This Country was discovered in 1365. by the French as is pretended Baudrand But in the dismal Wars between the English and French under Charles VI and VII they were forc'd to omit the Prosecution of this Navigation Hofman It is much more probable and better attested that it was discovered in 1452 by Henry Duke of Visco Son of John I. King of Portugal But then the Spaniards in 1477. pursued this Discovery and till 1479 excluded the first Discoverers who regaining the Trade in the Island of S. George built he the strong Fort or Town of Mina in 1486. to secure their Trade there for the future and command all the rest of this Coast Which was the first Place built by the Europeans on this Coast New-Guinee this Country has not been hitherto so far discovered as that we know whether it be an Island or a Part of the Continent of the Terra Australis It is separated from Terra de Papaous which lies East of Ceram and Gilolo in the East-Indies in 51 deg of Southern Lat. by a narrow Straight of the Sea Guinegat a small Town in Artois made famous by a great Defeat of the French Forces by the Flandrians in 1479. by which Victory Maximilian the Emperor then married to Mary the Daughter of Charles the Hardy the last Duke of Burgundy recovered Tournay out of the Hands of the French and settled the Low-Countries in the House of Austria It lies three French Miles from S Omar to the South the same from Renty to the East and two from Ayre to the West Guines a fine Town two Miles East of Calais and the Capital of a County of the same Name having Boulonois on the South and East Terre d'Oye on the North and the German Sea or Streights of Calais on the East This County was of old a Part of Boulonois and the Town belonged then to Picardy King Edward III. of England possessed himself of both in 1351. to whom afterwards they were confirmed by a Treaty in 1360. And in the Reign of Charles VI. of France lost again to that Crown Guipuscoa Ipuscoa now a Province but once a Kingdom in Spain In the middle Times annexed to the Kingdom of Navar but now separated from it and united to Biscay By which it is bounded on the West on the South it has Aâ—ava on the North the Bay of Biscay and the Kingdom of Navar on the East The principal Cities in it are Tolosa which is the Capital S. Sebastian and Fontarabie It is about thirty six Miles in Compass anciently peopled by the Cantabri a hardy and a valiant People This Country was wrested from the Crown of Navar in 1079. by Alphonsus I King of Castile but it was restored again and continued under that Crown till 1200. when it revolted to Castile again and ever since it has been united to Biscay Guir Dirus a River of Mauritania Guise Guisa Guisia a Town in Picardy in France in the Territory of Tierache which has a Castle seated upon the River Oise in the Confines of Hainault nine Miles from Cambray to the South five from la Fere to the North-East and about seventeen from Amiens to the East This Town was besieged by the Spaniards without any Success in 1650. But that which made it most remarkable was the Dukes of Guise who in former times had a very great Hand in all the Affairs of France from the Reign of Francis I. to that of Henry IV. This Family was a Branch of the House of Lorrain advanced by Francis I. in 1528. from Counts or Earls of Guise which was their Inheritance to Dukes of the same Place The first thus raised was Claude the Son of Renate II. He had eight Sons of which were Francis Duke of Guise Claudius Duke of Aumale and Renatus Marquess of Ellebove Francis became very famous by his defence of Mets against Charles V.
a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Risbridg not far from the head of the River Stower Havessen Cimmeriorum Populi a Province in Georgia upon the Caspian Sea as Ortelius conjectures from the Description of Haiton the Armenian But not being called by this Name by our later Travellers it can be no further described here Havre de Grace Portus Gratiae a strong Sea-Port Town in Normandy in France which has a well fortified Castle and an excellent Haven Seated at the Mouth of the Seyne in the Païs de Caux eighteen Leagues beneath Roan to the West fifteen from Caudebec and almost twenty from Dieppe to the South upon the Shoars of the British Seas over against Shorham in Sussex This Town was in 1563. put into the hands of Q. Elizabeth by the Protestants of France then ingaged in War against their King as a Cautionary Place a Peace was soon after concluded without any regard taken of that Princess or her Interest by those she succoured And not contented with this both Parties joyning against the English then commanded by the Earl of Warwick besieged the Town which being surrounded with Enemies without and wasted by the Plague within was forced in a short time to surrender to the French It is now one of the Keys of that Kingdom Haut-Combe a Village in the Principality of Savoy one League distant from Bellay where there is an Abbey of Cistercians and a remarkable Fountain which twice in an hour ebbs and flows Haut-Riue Alta-Ripa a Town in Languedoc upon the River Auriege Alburacis which ariseth in de Foix from the Pyrenean Hills and falls into the Guaronne four Miles from Tolouse to the South Haux Halla See Hall in Hainault Hawkeshead a Market Town in Lancashire and the Hundred of Loynsdale in a hilly and wooddy Country Hay a Market Town in the County of Brecknock in Wales in the Hundred of Talgarth La Haye Haga Com. See Hague Haye du Routol Haga Brotona a Village in the Forest of Routal in France La Haye en Touraine Haga Turonica a Town in Touraine upon the River Crausia Creuse ten Leagues from Tours to the South in the Confines of Poictou three Miles from Noyers to the East where the Creuse falls into the Vienne This Town gave Birth to des Cartes the famous modern Philosopher who died at Stockholm in Sweden in 1650. And it is besides remark'd with the Title of a Barony Hayâ—sham A Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Bulmer Haynan or Hainan an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Quangtung in China abounding with fine Woods Forests and Fruits and Mines of Gold and Silver It s capital City is Kiuncheu which with twelve other Cities lying upon the Sea Coast belongs to the Emperor of China whilst the inland parts remain under the possession of the Natives Upon the Northern Coast of this Island they find much Pearl Hayne See Haisne Haynburgh by corruption Hamburgh Comagenum a small Town in the Lower Austria on the Confines of Hungary upon the Danube six German Miles from Vienna to the East and three from Presburg West near which are the Mountains of Kâ—â—nberg called heretofore Comagenus Mons. This Town is remarkable for nothing but its Antiquity having been a Roman Town Hea a Province of the Kingdom of Morocco in Barbary bounded by the River Ecifelmeli to the East the Mountain Atlas to the South and the Ocean to the North and West Headon or Heydon an antient Borough Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Holderness upon a small River near its fall into the Humber and a few Miles East of Hull whose rise has occasioned the decay of this place It has the Election of two Parliament Men. Hebal or Ebal a Mountain of Palestine in the Tribe of Ephraim from whence Joshua pronounced a multitude of Curses upon the Violaters of the Jewish Law Some make it to be but a part of Mount Gerizim Hebrides the same with the Ebudae Hebron an antient and famous City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Juda near to which the Patriarch Abraham did abide It was the Capital of the Country of the Philistines and afterwards taken by Joshua and given to Caleb his General David retiring to it after the death of Saul came to be elected King here and made it his residence seven years till the taking of Jerusalem It had the honour to be advanced to an Episcopal See when Christianity was re-established in Palestine but now almost ruined Hecatompylis a Name antiently given to the Cities Thebes Haspaam c. from their having 100 Gates Hecâ—a a burning Mountain in Island near the City Schalholt in the South part of the Isle The Natives call it one of the mouths of Hell It vomits Floods and Rivers of Fire like Aetna and Vesuvius notwithing its nearness to the Polar Circle Hegow Hegovia a small Territory in the Circle of Schwaben between the Lake of Zell or the Zeller Sea to the East and Schwartzwaldt or the Black Wood to the West not above six German Miles in length In part under the House of Austria and in part under the Duke of Brandenburgh Heidelburgh Edelberga Budoris Heidelberga The chief City of the Palatinate of the Rhine seated in a Plain at the foot of an Hill upon the River Necker which is covered here with a woodden Bridge This is a great well peopled place and the usual Residence of the Elector Palatine who has here a noble and magnificent Castle built upon an Hill It stands three Miles from Spires to the North-East ten from Franckfort upon the Main to the South and twenty from Vlm to the North-West Said to be a Fee of the Bishoprick of Worms and that it was granted to Lewis Count Palatine in 1225. by Henry Bishop of VVorms Robert Count Palatine afterwards Emperor in 1392. as Marquardus Freherus saith much enlarged it and joined the Village of Berghimb to it as a Suburb Rupertus Count Palatine in 1346. opened here an University and endowed it with great Privileges In 1622 this City was taken by the Spaniards and plundered and the Noble Library which the Princes Palatine had collected was sent to Rome In the long Swedish War it was taken and retaken several times till at last in 1649. by the Treaty of Munster it was restored to its former Master In 1688. October 25. both the City and Castle were surrendred to the French This City is supposed to be the Budoris of Ptolemy and was in ancient times the Seat of the Vangiones Heiden Heida a Town in Holstein Heidenheim Ara Flavia a Town in Schwaben Herâ—a Hela a Town in Prussia Polonica upon the Bay of Pautzkerwick almost encompassed by the Baltick Sea It stands four German Miles from Dantzick to the North burnt in 1572. by an accidental Fire but since rebulit Heilichlandt Actania Saxonum Insula a small Island belonging to the Duke of Holstein six Miles
of Edessa at first but afterwards it became the Metropolis it self Seated in the Province of Diarbeck near the River Chabor forty Miles from Edessa sixty from Euphrates to the East The Tartars under Tamberlane treated this City with great Cruelty since that it has been in a declining condition and now not much inhabited It is mentioned several times in the Holy Scriptures upon the account of Abraham's sojourning and burying his Father Terah here before he went into the Land of Canaan Gen. 11. 31. Acts 7. 4. in which last place it is called Charran in Mesopotamia And by Pliny and Ptolemy Charrae It s Long. is 73. 20. Lat. 36. 10. Heresbach a Town in the Diocese of Cleves in Germany Heri Aria a Province in Persia in Asia more commonly called Hera or Herat it has a City and a River of the same Name This River in the later Maps called Pulimoilon riseth out of the Mountains of Cassubi and washing the Walls of this City on all sides it standing in an Island falls into the Lake of Burgian The City is called Ser-heri in Long. 100. 13. and Lat 36. 20. Ninety German Miles West of Candahar one hundred and twenty South-East of the Caspian The Roses of this Province are thought the best in the World The Province of Heri is a part of that of Chorasan which is one of the most rich fertile and populous Provinces in all Persia In the City of Heri are made the best Persian Tapestries on which and other accounts it is much frequented by the Indians who must pass through it in their way to Persia See Olearius his Travels Herit Adramitae a Province in Arabia the happy Herma or Erma a City of Galatia called Germa or Therma by the ancient Geographers and now sometimes Germaste It stands in the Confines of Bithynia and Phrygia upon the River Sagarium Sacrio where it falls into the Casilirnach which falls into the Euxine Sea at Cagani twenty one German Miles East of Scutari This City is placed thirty six German Miles East of Bursia Now an Archbishop's See Long. 60. 10. Lat. 42. 25. Hermanstad Cibinium a City in Transylvania commonly by the Inhabitants called Seben and Zeben by the Italians Cibinio by the Germans Hermanstad The Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Prince a great populous strong well-built City seated in a Plain upon the River Cibinium Cibin which a little lower falls into the Aluta The Inhabitants are Saxons it stands fifteen Miles from Clausemberg to the East and eight from Alba Julia. A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza though there is now no Bishop of it The late Duke of Lorrain of famous Memory in November 1687. put into this place a Garrison of three thousand Imperialists by the agreement of Prince Abafti then Prince of Transylvania to enjoy the same for their Winter Quarters Hermanstein or Erenbreitstein Eremberti lapis a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trier in Germany upon the Rhine near its Confluence with the Moselle standing on a Rock that is on all sides inaccessible which makes it one of the strongest in Germany It sustained a long Siege in the year 1637. and could only at last be taken by Famine Hermanville a place near Calais in France Herndall Herndalia a part of Norway on this side the Mountains of Norway by the Province of Jemplandt on which depends Nomedale Hellegelandt Frostein Inder Heroa and some others which together with it were yielded to the Swedes in 1645. by the Danes Herou Heropolis a City of Egypt near the bottom of the Red Sea ninety miles from Damiata to the South-East about thirty five English Miles from Sues to the West and sixty from the next Shoar of the Mediterranean to the South Mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy It s Long. 63. 30. Lat. 29. 50. Herstal Heristel or Haristal a Town upon the Maes near Liege in Westphalia adorned heretofore with a magnificent Palace built by Pepin King of France who resided so frequently at it that in the French History he is sirnamed Pepin of Heristel This Palace was afterwards destroyed by the Normans Hersteld a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Weser belonging to the Bishops of Paderborne since the year 1608. The People of Paderborne conspiring once against their Bishop the Episcopal See was removed from Paderborne hither which was re-established at Paderborne again in 799. Charles the Great also resided here some considerable time Hertford Durocobriva a Town in a County of the same name in the South of England upon the River Lea or Ligean as the Saxons called it which runs through it In 607. here was a Synod Now saith Mr. Cambden it is not very populous yet for its Antiquity it deserves-regard It has given Name to this County and is reputed the Shire-Town It has a Castle built as some think by Edward the Elder enlarged by the Family De Clare to whom it belonged as Earls of Hertford in the times of Henry II. and King Stephen Afterwards it belonged to the Crown Edward III. granted it to John of Gaunt his Son then Earl of Richmond and after Duke of Lancaster Hertfordshire Herfordiae Comitatus Cattieuchlani hath on the North Cambridgeshire on the West Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South Middlesex and on the East Essex it is very fruitful as to Corn and Pasture has plenty of Woods and Groves and for great Towns and Rivers it may vye with most Counties in England considering its bigness This County had first for Earls or Marquesses the Family De Clare who for seven Descents between 1139. and 1314. enjoyed this Title Being extinguished Henry VIII in 1537. created Edward Seymour Viscount Beauchamp Earl of Hertford who afterward in 1551. was made Duke of Sommerset being the fourteenth Earl and seventh of his Family who hath born this amongst other Titles of Honour Hertogenraiad Rodia Ducis a Town in Holland Hertzogthumb in the High Dutch signifies a Dukedom and is frequently used by them So Hertzogthumb Bremen is the Dukedom of Bremen Hertzogthumb Ferden is the Dukedom of Ferden Heruli an ancient People of the Country now called the Dukedom of Meckleburg in the Lower Saxony in Germany towards the Baltick Sea who established themselves in Italy in the fifth Century and were of the number of those Barbarians that formed their States upon the ruin of the Roman Empire Odoacer their King dispossessed Augustulus in the year 476. and having reigned about seventeen years he was slain by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths The Emperor Justinian granted them Lands to cultivate whereupon they not only gave themselves entirely to him but became Christians and Gethesius their King was baptized in 528. Till this Conversion their Customs were to offer Men in Sacrifices to their Gods to kill the sick and aged to oblige Wives not to survive their Husbands and to indulge themselves in every voluptuousness Hervorden Hervordia a City in VVestphalia in the County of
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
Isles of Scotland over against Cantyr in 56 deg of Lat. twenty four Miles long and sixteen broad plentiful in Wheat Cattle and Herds of Deer The principal Towns in it are Kilmany Dunweg and Crome besides which it hath divers Villages Ilchester a Market and Borough Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Tintinhull which returns two Burgesses to the House of Commons It stands upon the River Ill or Yeovel having heretofore sixteen Parish-Churches as a place of great Note Strength and Antiquity now reduced to two The County-Goal is kept here Iler Hilarus Ilarus a River of Schwaben in Germany which riseth in Tirol and running Northward watereth Kempten then falls into the Danube over against Vlm Ilerda Lerida Athanagia a fortified and strong City in Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona seated upon the River Segre Sicoris three Leagues above its fall into the Ebro in the Confines of Arragon This City is mentioned in Livy as taken by Scipio and rendred famous for an Encounter near it between a General of Sertoris and Manilius Proconsul of Gallia where the latter was defeated with the loss of three Legions of Foot and 1500 Horse Ilion See Troja Ilfordcomb a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Branton Ill Ellus Hellus Hellelus a River of Germany which ariseth in Suntgow and passing through Alsatia watereth Mulhausen Ensisheim Colmar and Strasburg below which it falls into the Rhine Illyricum Illyris Illyria In the antient Geography of Europe this Country lay betwixt Pannonia to the North and the Adriatick Sea to the South divided into two parts Liburnia and Dalmatia whereof the first was subjected to the Romans a little before the second Punick War the other the Eastern part not till the Reign of Augustus It is now nigh wholly comprehended under Dalmatia and Sclavonia under the respective Dominion either of the Venetians or the Turks except the Republick of Ragusa and some Places more The Illyricus Sinus is now call'd the Bay of Drin and the Gulph of Venice Ilmen a considerable Lake in Russia towards Livonia on the South of the City Novogorod which disburthens it self into the Lake of Lagoda by a River which passeth on the East of that City called the Wolga Ilment Arabius one of the most considerable Rivers in the Kingdom of Persia it ariseth from the Mountains of Sibocoran in the Province of Sigistan and watering Mut Gilechi Racagi beneath Sistan it takes in the Sal beneath Sereng the Ghir beneath Chicheran the Ilmentel and beneath Pasir falls into the Arabick Ocean in Long. 106. 30. near Macran to the West Iltz or Izilz Ilza a small Town in the Palatinate of Sandomir in the Lesser Poland with a Castle which belongs to the Bishop of Cracow Ilmister a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Abdick Imaus is one of the greatest Mountains in the Greater Asia it begins at Mount Taurus near the Caspian Sea and running Southward through the whole Continent of Asia it divides the Asian Tartary into two parts and ends at the rise of the River Ganges where it again spreads it self East and West and becomes a Northern Boundary to the Empire of the Great Mogul or Indostan having performed a Course of 450 German Miles and taking various names from the Nations it passeth as Althai Belgan Dalanguer c. Imiretta or Imaretza a Kingdom in Gurgistan in Asia stiled by the Turks Pacha Koutchouc or a Little Principality is inclosed betwixt the Mountain Caucasus Mengrelia the Black Sea Guriel and Georgia properly so called About 120 Miles in length in breadth 60. Wooddy and mountainous yet not without its agreeable Valleys and Plains Mines of Iron and the Necessaries of Life Under a Prince of its own to whom heretofore Mengrelia and Guriel after their shaking off of the Yoke of the Emperors of Constantinople and Trebizond own'd Subjection but now together with them tributary to the Turk who obliges the King of Imireta every year to send him eighty Children as a Tribute There are three Fortresses in this Kingdom Scander towards the South and Regia and Scorgia towards the North near the River Phasis besides scattered Villages It s most valuable Commodities are Wine and Swine which makes it difficult here to observe the Laws of Mahometanism The Kings pretend to be descended of the race of King David Imzagor Claudius a Mountain in Stiria Immirenieni an antient People towards the South of the Kingdom of Persia of which History relates that they embraced Christianity in the Reign of the Emperor Anastasius about the year 500 and at their request had a Bishop sent amongst them Imola Cornelia Forum Cornelii Imola a City in the Dominions of the Church in Romandiola upon the River Santerno This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna of which Alexander VII was Bishop when in 1655 he was chosen Pope It is a fine and a populous City twenty Miles from Bononia to the East and twenty five from Ravenna Narses is said to have ruined and the Lombards to have repair'd it Caesar Borgia made himself Master of it in the Pontificate of Alexander the Sixth from which time it became subject to the Church Imperiati a small City in the Kingdom of Chili in America near a River of the same Name four Leagues from the South Sea said to be an Episcopal See under the Spaniards Inacho Apheas a small River of Epirus which watereth Larta on the South and falls into the Bay called the Gulph of Larta Index Vid. Indus India is taken for a considerable part of Asia commonly called the East-Indies to distinguish it from America which is called the West-Indies It is thought to be the Havilah in the Holy Scriptures by the Natives Indostan Bounded on the North with the Asiatick Tartary the Mountains of Imaus and Emodus on the East with the Kingdom of China on the South with the Indian Ocean and on the West with the Kingdom of Persia This Country consists partly in a vastly extended Continent partly in Islands some of which are very great That upon the Continent is divided into three Parts 1. The Empire of the Great Mogul or North India which is a part of India intra Gangem Indum and more peculiarly called Indosthan in this there are thirty five Kingdoms 2. The Peninsula of Malabar 3. The India extra Gangem In the India extra Gangem are four more considerable Kingdoms Pegu to the West Ava to the North Siam to the South and Cochinchina to the East each of which contains many particular or lesser Kingdoms in it The principal of the Islands are Borneo Ceylan Java Sumatra Celebes Mindano Luconia Hainan Pakan Gilolo the Moluccaes and Philippine Isles Many of these are so great as to be divided in many Kingdoms some of them have never been throughly discovered by the European Nations This Country extendeth in length from deg 106. to 159. of Long. and from deg 10. of
to the North. Iser Isara a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria It ariseth in the Borders of the County of Tyrol three Miles from Inspruck to the West and flowing to the North through Bavaria watereth Munick or Munichen the Capital of that Dutchy and Frisingen beneath which the Amber Ambra from the West falls into it at Landschut and at last it ends in the Danube over against Derkendorf six Miles West of Passaw and the same distance above Straubing to the East L'Isere Isara a River in France which is caled Isar by Ptolemy and Scoras by Polybius it ariseth in the Territory of Tarentaise near Moutiers in the Dukedom of Savoy which it watereth beneath which it takes in the Arche from the South then passeth by Montmelian to Grenoble over against which it admits the Drac from the South and above Valence falls into the Rhosne It is a rapid River § There is another of this Name in the Dukedom of Bavaria in Germany Isernia Aesernia a City in the Kingdom of Naples by some called Sernia It stands in the Province of Molise and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua seated four Miles from the River Volturno to the East and the same from the Confines of the Terra di Lavoro at the foot of the Apennine thirty Miles from Capua to the North and almost twenty from Trivento to the South It is now in a tolerable good state and made more famous by the Birth of St. Peter Celestine a Pope Isin Istnisca a Village and a River in Bavaria six Miles from Munichen to the East Isis a River of Oxfordshire at the Confluence of which with the River Thame stands Dorchester in the same County Island Thule Islandia is a great Island in the Northern Ocean called by the Dutch Het Islandt by the Germans Ynslandt It lies between Norway to the East and Greenland to the West from East to West two hundred French Leagues and about half so broad Well peopled and fruitful towards the Sea-shoar but the middle is barren desolate and very Mountainous Nâ—ddock a Norwegian first discovered it in 860. and called it Sneeland that is the Land of Snow Flocko a Pyrate of Norway afterward gave it the Name of Isee-Land from the great quantity of Ice he found about it It began to be inhabited by the Norwegians under Ingulphus so soon as ever it was discovered that Nation being then dissatisfied with Horald their Prince It became subject to Norway in 1260. by doing Homage to that Crown and in the Right of that Kingdom it belongs to the King of Denmark who every year sends them a Governour who resides at the Castle of Bestede called otherwise Kronniges-Gard that is the Vice-Roys Residence They were converted to the Christian Faith by Adebert Bishop of Bremen Canutus King of the Vandals settled Bishops first amongst them in 1133. one at Hola another at Schalholt the two principal Cities and to each of them annexed a School They had at first neither Money nor Cities but lived in Caves in the sides of Mountains covered their Huts with Fishes Bones and eat dried Fish instead of Bread They speak the ancient Cimbrian Tongue In 1584 the Bible was Printed in their Language They have no Cattle but Horses and Cows nor any Trees but Box and Juniper The Country produceth so great a quantity of sweet Grass that their Cattle would burst 't is said if they did suffer them to eat it as they would On the East and West sides of the Isle there are burning Mountains The Inhabitants are strong and fierce It lies between eight and ten degrees of Long and in Lat. 67. one hundred and fifty German Miles from the Shoars of Norway to the West Their longest day in Summer is twenty four hours without night and their night in Winter when the Sun enters into Capricorn the same without day The Vulgar believe the Mountain Hecla to be the Prison of damned Souls Mines of Sulphur are found in it with which the Merchants drive a Traffick Isle de feu the Island of Fire one of the Islands of Cap. Verde upon the Coast of Africa so called from a burning Mountain therein It has a Port defended by a Fort on the North West The Ille of France Insula Franciae is a very great Province the most celebrated rich and populous of any in that Kingdom It is bounded on the North by Picardy on the East by Champagne on the West by Normandy and on the South by La Beausse it contains in it twelve Counties as le Parisis la Brie Francoise l' Hurepois le Gastinois le Mantoan le Vexin Francois le Beavoisis le Valois le Soissonois c. The principal City is Paris the Royal City of this Kingdom Islas de los Ladrones or Islas de las Velas by the French called Isles des Larrons a mass of little Islands in the Archipelago of St. Lazare betwixt the Oriental and the Pacifick Oceans extending from North to South at the extremity of our Hemisphere Eastward Discovered in 1520. by the famous Magellan Some inhabited by a salvage people whose addiction to Thievery occasioned this general ill name upon them all of the Islands of Thieves Yet the greatest part are barren They reckon fifteen principal ones The Air temperate but that the Hurricanes from time to time rage with violence These Salvages are excellent at making of Matts and they traffick to Tartary in Canoes Isle Maurice an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean to the East of Madagascar so named by the Hollanders in 1598. in honour of Maurice of Nassaw Prince of Orange But the Portugueze made the first discovery of it who called it Ilha do Cerno or Swan-Island the English also have given the Name of Warwick to its Haven In 1640. the Hollanders settled upon it and have built it a Fort. It yields Palm-trees Cocao Ebony plenty of Fish and Tortoises of a vast magnitude § There is another small Island of this Name near the Coast of Moscovia to the West of Weigats Streight discovered by the Hollanders in 1594. in their search for a North Passage to China Full of Lakes Ponds and Marishes Isles des Papas du Pape or des Princes called by the Turks Papas-Adasi by the Greeks Papadonisia or the Priests Island from their being inhabited by the Religious Caloyers of the Order of S. Basil lie within four Leagues of Constantinople betwixt the Sea of Marmora and the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli The Europeans of Constantinople and Pera ordinarily divert themselves at them Isles des Perles the Islands of Pearl are a Shoal of Islands in the South Sea twelve Leagues from Panama in South America to which the abundance of Pearls heretofore fish'd out of the Sea adjacent occasioned the giving of this Name The two principal are Del Rio and Tararequi Maze and odoriferous Trees grow upon them The Spaniards here having made an end of all the Natives serve themselves
Brandenburg upon the River Warta twenty Miles from Frisingen to the East and thirty from Ratisbon to the South It is well fortified and has a Castle seated on or near a Hill Landskroon Stephanopolis Corona a small City but very strongly fortified belonging to the Crown of Sweden seated in the Province of Scania upon the North side of the Sound or entrance into the Baltick Sea It belonged to the Danes till 1658. when by Treaty it was yielded to the Swedes It stands eighteen German Miles from Koppenhagen to the North-East and a little more from Malmoe to the North. Built by Erick the Pomeranean King of Denmark in 1413. before which time it was called Sundre Soeby Near this place Christian V. King of Denmark received a great defeat from Charles X. King of Sweden July 24. 1677. The Danes took it from the Swedes in 1676 and restored it to them again in 1679. Landsperg Lansperga a Town in Germany in the New Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Water six Miles from Custrin to the East and thirteen from Stetin to the South in the Confines of Poland Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Landsperk a Town in Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria built on a Hill by the River Leeh Licus which parts Schwaben from Bavaria and falls a little beneath Auspurg into the Danube above which last place this Town stands five German Miles to the South Landspurg Segestica a City of Sclavonia the same with Zigea Landt van Endracht a part of the Southern Continent which was accidentally discovered by the Hollanders in a Voyage to the Molucho Islands in 1618. called also Concordiae Regio Land van Pieter Nuitz another part of the same Continent found in 1625. by a Dutchman It is a great Country of a vast extent from North to South and is a part of New Holland but only viewed by the Dutch as yet Langhac Langhâ—acum a small City in Auvergne seated in a Plain surrounded almost on all sides by Mountains near the River Allier over which it has a Bridge three Leagues from Fleury to the East and fifteen from Clermont to the South Langhe Langa a small Province in Italy on the South of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat between the Apennine and the Rivers of Tanaro Vrba and Stura extending also to the Confines of the State of Genoua the City of Alba is the Capital of it This is a fruitful and well peopled Territory Lang-landt an Island belonging to Denmark in the Baltick Sea between the Isles of Fionia Zeland and Haland seven German Miles in length and two in breadth it has sixteen Villages and a strong Castle and from its form is called the Long-Land Langley Abbey a Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio not far from Watford Remarkable for being the Birth-place of Pope Adrian IV. who was sometime surnamed Breakspear Lango Cos Coos an Island in the Archipelago called Stinco by the Greeks and Stanco by the Sailors so that this name begins to prevail It lies not above twenty Miles from the Shoars of Asia of a great length and about seventy Miles in Circuit the principal Town in it is Lango which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhodes This Island was the native place of Apelles the Painter and Hippocrates the great and most ancient Physcian It was under the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem now of Malta but conquered by the Turks from them under whom it now is Our Sandys who saw it saith it is a delicate Country to behold lying for the most part level only towards the East it is not unprofitably Mountainous from whence fall many Springs which water the Plains below and make them extraordinarily fruitful where grow those Wines valued in all times Cypress Trees and Turpentine with divers other Plants delightful as well as profitable In ancient times it was much regarded on the account of a Temple of Aesculapius to whom this Island was consecrated in which those who recovered out of any Disease Registred their Cures and the Medicines by which they recovered which Hippocrates abridged and recommended to Posterity Langport a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Pitney upon a Hill near the River Parret in a Moorish Country Langres Andromatunum Lingones Andromadunum Lingonum an ancient great strong and rich City of France in the Province of Champagne near the Fountains of the Marne one of the principal Rivers of France six Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Burgundy twenty two from Troyes to the South-East sixteen from Dijon to the North and thirty from Monthelyard to the West This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lions the Bishop is always one of the twelve Peers of France and a Duke Near this City Constantine the Great twice overcame the Germans in one of which Battels that Prince slew 60000 of them The Vandals in the beginning of the fourth Century committed great spoils here Within the Diocese there are six hundred Parishes contained and the Territory of Langres giving source to five or six Rivers is thought to stand the highest of any in the Kingdom Divers French Synods have been assembled at it Lang See Verbanus Lacus a Lake in the Duchy of Milan called by the Italians il Lago Magiore and by the Germans Langsée It is extended from North to South 36 Italian Miles in breadth five It lies thirty six Miles from Milan to the North-West and twenty five from Como to the West and is one of the most considerable Lakes in Italy Langis Aturus See Dour Languedoc Volcae Septumani Occitania a Province in France of very large bounds and extent It is the Western part of that which the Romans called Gallia Narbonensis afterwards it was called Gallia Gothica and then the Earldom of Tolouse Bounded on the East by the Rhosne which divides it from Dauphiné and Provence on the South by the County of Rousillon and the Mediterranean Sea on the West it is separated from Gascogne by the Garonne and on the North it has Quercy Rovergne Auvergne and le Forez There are in this Province twenty two Dioceses the principal City in it is Tolouse which is the Seat of the Parliament of this Generality This is also one of the most Populous Rich Fruitful and Pleasant Provinces in France Divided into the Upper and Lower Languedoc to the East and West and watered by the Rivers Rhosne Eraut Vistre Tarn c. The Goths establish'd a Kingdom here in the fifth Century from whom some derive its name as Languedoc quasi Landt-Goth making Tolouse the Capital of the same which they afterwards extended as far as to the River Loyre In 778. Charles the Great granted this Province to the Earls of Tolouse from whom in 1361. K. John finally taking it united it to the Crown of France Lauschet a City of Poland See Lencicia Lantaine Lantana a River in the Earldom of Burgundy which falls into the Saone between Falcougney
it It is not very great but as neat and handsom a City as most in Germany There is in it a very great Market-place with never a bad House in it the whole Town is built of a very white free Stone and the Castle upon the Hill is of a Modern building very large there is also a Bridge over the Danube The Imperial Forces Rendezvouzed here when Solyman came to Vienna in 1532. This was also besieged by the Peasants of Austria in the time of Ferdinand II. They having got a Body together of forty thousand Men and many pieces of Ordnance but were stoutly repulsed after many Assaults and at last overcome by Papenheim The late renowned Duke of Lorraine dyed at a Convent near this Lintz See Lorraine Lintz Lentium a small Town upon the Rhine in the Diocese of Cologn in Westerwaldt five Miles beneath Coblentz to the North six from Cologn in the borders of the Dukedom of Juliers Lintzgow Lentinensis Populus a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria Lipari Liparae a knot of small Islands being seven in number belonging to the Kingdom of Sicily they lie in the Tyrrhenian Sea about thirty Miles to the North-West of the Island and the same distance from Calabria to the West Though they belong to Sicily yet Charles V. for his convenience attributed them to the Kingdom of Naples but in 1609. they were restored to Sicily and at this day are holden by the King of Spain as a part of it The ancient Poets Epithet them Aeoliae and Vulcaniae from a fiction of their being the Country of the Gods of those names The principal is the Island called Lipari which has an Episcopal City to enable it under the Metropolitical jurisdiction of Messina in Sicily In 1544. Barberousse the Turkish Admiral ruined this City but it was rebuilt again and a considerable Fortress added to it Lippa a City of Transylvania seated upon the River Marosch which falls in the Tibiscus at Segedin It stands five Hungarian Miles from Temeswar to the North and thirteen from Alba Julia or Weissenburgh to the South-West This City was taken in 1595. from the Turks by the Emperor Retaken by Assault by General Caraffa with a Body of ten thousand Imperialists on Aug. 19. 1688. And the Castle into which the Garrison retreated to save themselves being about two thousand Soldiers was obliged to Surrender upon discretion two days after There were eighteen pieces of Cannon in it Lippe Lippia a City of Westphalia more commonly called Lipstat It stands upon the River Lippe three German Miles from Paderborn to the East in Marshes and a bad Air yet it is a Hanse Town very great and the Capital of a County of the same name It was once too a Free Imperial City in length of time it became exempt and fell under the Jurisdiction of the Counts of Lippe and by one of them was mortgaged to the Duke of Cleve for eight thousand Marks of Silver and never since redeemed but together with Cleve fell to the Duke of Brandenburgh Charlemaigne assembled the Bishops of Germany here in 780. The County of Lippe is a part of the Circle of Westphalia between the Bishoprick of Paderborn the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County or Earldom of Ravensberg It is under its own Count the principal Town excepted whose Residence is at Lemgow He has also a part of the Earldom of Schaumburgh not long since granted him by Maurice Landtgrave of Hassia The Lippe Lupias Luppia is a River of Germany mentioned by Strabo and Mela. It ariseth in a Village called Lippsprinck near Paderborn and running Westward watereth Lippe or Lipstad separating the Diocese of Munster from the County of Mark it passeth by Ham Dorsten and Wesel into the Rhine twelve Miles beneath Cologn to the North-West Lippio Hyppius a River of Bithynia which falls into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea Ponti Lipuda Aretas a River of Calabria which falleth by the City of Vmbriatico into the Ionian Sea Lire Lira See Liere above Only let me add the Elogy given it by L. Guicciardin Lira elegans amoenum Brabantiae oppidum adeo ut multorum hujus Tractus Nobilium in otio degentium à curis turba jucundissimus sit recessus Lire is so beautiful and pleasant a Town of Brabant that many of the Nobility thereof make it their beloved recess from Cares and Crouds of Men. Lirio Iris the same with Casalmach Lis Loegia The same with Leye Lisbon Olysippo Vlysippo the Spaniards call it Lisboa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Portugal the Royal Seat of their Kings and an Archbishops See made by P. Boniface IX It has a large safe convenient Harbor and a Castle built on a Hill by the Taso on the North side of which River the City stands two Leagues from the Ocean and six from Cabo di Rocca Sintra In Long. 11. 00. Lat. 38. 50. According to Dr. Heylyn in Long. 9. 10. Lat. 38. 30. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1147. It is the greatest in all Spain and every day encreasing At a Town called Bethlem within half a League of it are to be seen the Tombs of the Kings of Portugal Of this City the Spaniards have a Proverb Qui no ha visto Lisboa no ha visto cosa boa He that has not seen Lisbonne has seen nothing that 's good Lisieux Lexobii Lexovium Neomagus a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Tucca or rather Lezon which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan a great and fine City seated in a fruitful Country five Leagues from the Shoars of the British Seas to the East eighteen from Roan to the West and ten from Caen to the East The Country about is from it called the Lieuvin Caesar in his Commentaries twice mentions the Forces of the ancient People thereof against the Romans In 1106. The Ecclesiastiques held a Council here in the presence of Henry I. King of England and since others Lismore Lismora a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Waterford which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell but this Bishoprick has been united to that of Waterford since 1363. It stands upon the River More fifteen Miles from the Vergivian Ocean and twenty two from Cashell Lisnia a strong Fortress in Bosnia surprized by the Imperialists July 18. 1690. after having in the two precedent Years been thrice attack'd by them in vain Two hundred Christian Slaves were here free'd Lison Casius a Mountain of Syria mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy lying between Cilicia and Phoenicia near Antioch and Laodicea There is another Mountain by it called the Anticasus and a Country between them called heretofore Casiolis in which are the Cities of Antiochia Seleucia Laodicea Epiphania Marathus Antaradus and some others most of which are by the Turks now Masters of this Country ruined A Gentleman who had Travelled over this Country informing me that it was little
Possession of it have added to its Fortifications Four Leagues from Thionville to the North six from Trier or Treves to the South-West and nineteen from Maier to the North-East The Dukedom of Luxemburgh is one of the seventeen Provinces of the Low Countries lying most to the South-East which was a part of the District belonging of old to the Treviri on the East it is bounded by the Bishoprick of Trier separated by the Mosel on the North it has the Dukedoms of Limburgh and Namur with the Bishoprick of Liege on the West Picardy in part and Hainault on the South Lorrain on the West the Maes and the Forest of Ardenne do both close it That part that lies towarps the West is barren but abounds in Game and Venison That which lies more to the East is fruitful in Corn Minerals Quarries of excellent Stone and whatever is necessary to the Life of Man It is in compass about sixty French Leagues At first a part of the Earldom of Ardenne dismembred from it in the time of Otho the Emperor made a Dukedom in 1309. as L. Guicciardin avers by Henry VII who had been Count of Luxemburgh before he was chosen Emperor Sigismond the last Duke and Emperor gave it to Elizabeth Daughter of John Duke of Gorlitz his Brother to prefer her in Marriage to Anthony Duke of Burgundy and with the rest of the Estates of that House it came to the House of Austria The French who have ever lain heavy on this Frontier Country have ravished from them the Southern parts and the Cities of Monmedy and Thionville The Spaniards possess the Northern with Bastogne Luzcko See Lusuc Lyche Laodicea an ancient Maritime City of Syria towards the foot of the Mountain Libanus built by Seleucus together with Antioch Apamea who called those three Cities the three Sisters Dionysius Africanus intimates its pleasant situation upon the Sea Coast It is a different place from Laodicea in Asia Minor Lycia an ancient Province of Asia Minor betwixt Caria and Pamphilia famous for the Mountain Chimaera and the Cities Patara Mira Andriaca c. A part of it is now contained in Aidinelli and the rest in Briquia or Manteselli Lycopolis the ancient Name of Munia in Egypt given it says Diodorus Siculus from the peoples adoration of Wolves there in the time of the Egyptian Idolatries It has sometime been a Bishops See See Munia The famous Meletius was Bishop of Lycopolis about the year 300. Lydia an ancient and celebrated Province of Asia Minor wherein stood the Cities Sardus Philadelphia Thyatira c. It had the honour to be a Kingdom for six hundred seventy five years till King Croesus in the fifty ninth Olympiad and the year of of the World 3510. and the year of Rome 210. was overcome by Cyrus who subjected it to the Persian Empire as afterwards it fell successively under the Greeks and Romans and now is under the Turks by the name of Carasia The Rivers Hermus now Sarabat Pactolus and Caystrus now Chiai added to its ancient fame A Colony which this Country transmitted into Italy settled in the Provinces of Tuscany the present as Virgil also remarks Lyd A Market Town in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath It is a Member of the Cinque Ports Lym Moschius a River of Bulgaria Baudrand calls it Ibar Lymbach Olimachum a Town in the Lower Hungary in the Consines of Stiria not above one German Mile from the River Muer and four from Canisa to the South West § There is another called by the same name four Miles from this to the South Lyn Linum Regis a Sea-Port-Town and Corporation in the County of Norfolk seated on the Eastern Shoar of the River Ouse where it falls into the Washes called by Ptolemy Aestuarium Metaris It is a large Town incompassed with a deep Trench and for the most part walled divided by two small Rivers which have about fifteen Bridges over them Built out of the ruins of another old Town called Lyn too but standing in Marsh Land on the opposite side of the River chiefly preferred on the account of the Haven which is safe and easie of access It was at first called Bishops Lyn because the ground it stands upon belonged to the Bishop of Norwich till the Reign of Henry VIII It has great Privileges which it obtained from King John by siding with him against the Barons he gave them his own Sword to be carried before their Mayor and a gilt Cup which they still keep From this place he went in 1216. with a mighty Army over the Washes into Lincolnshire with a design to fight the Barons then united against him under Lewis Dauphine of France but lost his Treasures and Carriages in the passage and his Life soon after Then it was that he granted them their Charter and he expiring soon after and his Son having a necessity to comply with his Barons for the expulsion of the French their Liberties were seised and the Town reduced to what it was before In 1221. a Rebellion breaking out in Lincolnshire this Prince Henry III. had occasion for their Loyalty and Valour again and they gave him such experience of both that he regranted them their Charter which they have ever since injoyed Nor does this place deserve the less commendation for their Loyal Attempt on the behalf of Charles I. in 1643. though instead of success it involved the Loyal Inhabitants in great Calamities Charles II. created Sir Horatio Townsend Baronet Baron of Lyn April 20. 1661. rewarding at once his and their Loyalty by this Honour It elects two Members of Parliament Lyons Lugdunum Segusianorum is an ancient City in France called by the Inhabitants Lyon by the Germans Leon by the English Lyons and by the Poles Lugdun It is a very great famous strong rich populous City an Archbishops See and the Capital of a Province called from it Lionnois seated at the foot of an Hill upon the confluence of the the Saone and Rhone two of the principal Rivers of France in the Confines of la Bresse and le Dauphine one hundred Leagues from Paris to the South five from Vienne thirty six from Avignon sixty from Turin as Baudrand represents the distances and sixty five from the Mediterranean Sea to the North. The first Colony the Romans settled in this part of France and built by Munacius Plancus under Augustus thirty five years before Christ After this it flourished very much especially under the Auspicious Reign of Claudius Caesar who was born here nine years before the Birth of our Saviour thirty three after the slaughter of Julius Caesar In the twelfth year of the Reign of Nero the year of Christ sixty five it was miserably ruined by Fire and Nero contributed very freely to the rebuilding of it as Tacitus tells us in his Annals In after times no City in the Empire flourished more both as to Learning and Commerce Severus the Emperor treated it about 199. with great severity
in the Province of Languedoo in the Territory of Givaudan upon the River Colange towards the Borders of Rouergne seven Leagues from S. Flour in Auvergne to the South and almost four from Mende the Capital of Givandan to the West some write it Marologium Maryland a considerable Country and Colony of the English in the North America in forty deg of Latitude Bounded with Pensylvania New-England and New York to the North with the Atlantick and De la Ware Bay to the East the River Potomeck which divides it from Virginia to the South and the Indian Territories to the West It contains ten Counties The Capital Town of all is S. Maries which is well built and provided with a convenient Harbour for Shipping Masandran Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia upon the Caspian Sea which is called the Masandran Sea also from this Province as it was before the Hyrcanian Sea There is a City in this Province of the same Name Masano Massalia a River in the Isle of Candy or Crete Masay Misauci Pagus Mosanus a Canton amongst the Grisons called by the Inhabitants Maeslandt Masbate one of the Philippine Islands which is under the Spaniards Mascalate a City in Arabia Foelix about sixty Miles from the Shoars of the Persian Gulph which is the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 85. 10. Lat. 24. 10. Mascate a City together with a Sovereign Principality on the South-Eastern Shoar of Arabia Foelix upon the Gulph of Ormus which has a convenient Haven and a strong Castle built by the Portuguese who for a long time were Masters of it but some few years since were beaten out by the King of Mascate Long. 94. 00. Lat. 24. 27. Mascon Matiscona Matisco a City of France in the Dukedom of Burgundy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lyon and has a Territory belonging to it of the same Name It stands upon a rising ground upon the River Saone in the Borders of the Province of Bresse and it has a Stone Bridge over the Saone Eleven Miles saith Baudrand from Lyon to the North and Challon to the South Long. 26. 07. Lat. 46. 00. according to the newest Maps Le Masconois is a small Territory in the South part of the Dukedom of Burgundy to which it is annexed for ever whereas heretofore it had Counts of its own it lies between the Territory of Challon to the North Beaujolois to the South La Bresse to the East and Foretz to the West Maseyck See Maeseyck Masfa a City in Arabia Foelix in the inland parts three hundred Miles from Ormus and two hundred from Mascate to the West The same with that which was called of old Maspha as some think and now the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 90. 00. Lat. 23. 00. Masham a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hangeast upon the River Youre Masiers Maderiacum a strong City in the Province of Champaign seated upon the East Side of the Maes which almost surrounds it about half a League from Charleville to the South-East four from Sedan to the West six from Bouillon to the North and fifteen from Namur to the South It is now in a thriving state Masotto the same with Masano a River in Candy Masovie Mazovia a Province in the Kingdom of Poland the Capital of which is Warsaw called by the Poles Mazowskie by the Germans Masaw and by the French Masovie On the East it has Lithuania on the North Prussia on the West the Greater Poland and on the South the Lesser Poland It is divided into four Palatinates which have their Names from the Cities of Mazow Ploczko Dobrin and Podlach This was once a separate and independent Dukedom which submitted to the Crown of Poland under Casimir the Great but continued under its own Duke till the year 1526. when upon the Death of John and Stanislaus the two last Dukes it was united under Sigismond I. King of Poland to that Kingdom Massa or Massa di Carrara Massa Carraiae a Town in Italy between the Dukedom of Florence and the State of Genoua great and well peopled lately adorned with the Title of a Dukedom it being also a small Sovereignty twelve Miles from Sarasana to the South-East twenty five from Lucca to North-West and three from the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea Most famous for its excellent Quarries of Marble Massa di Sorriento Massa Lubrensis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sorriento small and not much inhabited It stands twenty Miles from Naples to the South on the opposite Shoar of the Bay of Naples and about nine from the Town of Capri to the North-East Built in 1465. in a place of great height and natural Strength Massa Massa Veternensis a small City in the Territory of Siena in Italy within five Miles of the Tyrrhenian Sea thirty five from Siena to the South-West and twenty from Piombino to the North-East made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena in the stead of Populonium a ruined City on this Shoar called Porto Barbato yet it is very small Built upon a Hill under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence The Dukedom of Massa is a small Territory between the States of Genoua to the West the Dukedom of Florence to the North the States of Lucca to the East and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the South under its own Duke who is of the House of Cibo whereas before it was but a Principality The principal places are Massa and Cararia which last though very small is a Marquisate and lies five Miles from Sarasana to the South thirty from Pisa to the North. Massagetae an ancient Scythian people Some place them about the Palus Moeotis and the Euxine Sea Others towards the Mountain Imaus and the Country now called Zagathai in Tartary They dwelt in Tents and sacrificed to the Sun Masserano Massoranum a small Town in Piedmont upon a Hill sixteen Miles from Iurea to the East and eight from Vercelli to the North. This is the Capital of a Principality under its own Prince who is under the Protection of the Pope He has Crevacore and some other places of small importance Masulepatan Musulepatanum a City and Sea-Port in the Hither East-Indies on the Shoars of the Bay of Bengala in the Kingdom of Golconda which has a convenient Harbour and a Castle heretofore in the hands of the Portuguese Mataca a Bay on the North side of the Island of Cuba in America where all the Spanish Galeons in their return to Spain touch for Water and where the Dutch defeated a Fleet of those Galeons richly laden in 1627. Mataman a Kingdom of Africa to the West of the Aethiopick Ocean betwixt Caffreria and the Kingdom of Angola and towards the River Verte Matan one of the Philippine Islands in the East-Indian Ocean where the famous Magellan some say died It
had heretofore Kings of its own till the Portugueze expelled them But of late the Natives have expelled the Portugueze Matane a Country in Africa East of the Island of Madagascar where the French have some time since established Colonies Matapan Taenarus the most Southern Cape of all Europe in the Morea provided with two good Ports betwixt which the Turks in 1570. built a Fortress to bridle the Mainotes called Castro di Maini But the Venetians soon after destroyed it to favour the Mainotes with their Liberty again Mataya a Province towards the River of Amazons in South America betwixt the Mouth of the Rivers Madera and Tapaysa where they both fall into the River of Amazons Matayone a Dutchy in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the Magdalonum or the Meta Leonis of the Ancients Matera Mateola a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Borders of the Basilicate and of the Territory of Bari upon the River Canapro seated in a Valley surrounded on all sides with Mountains This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari and now in a very good state it stands thirty six Miles from Taranto to the North-West and twenty five from Bari to the South-West Long. 40. 45. Lat. 40. 42. Materan or Materaw Materanum a great City on the South Side of the Isle of Iava in the East-Indies one hundred Leagues from Bantam to the East The Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name of great extent from East to West And once the Capital City of the whole Island of Iava Long. 135. 40. Southern Lat. 8. 20. Matharee or Matheree a sweet and delicious Seat two Leagues from Cairo in Aegypt concerning which the Cophtite Christians entertain a Tradition that the Blessed Virgin with the young Child reposed for some time there in their flight from Herod into this Kingdom Matin Mathis a River of Macedonia which falls into the Gulph of Venice near Durazzo Matique Matica a Province in Florida towards the Apalatean Hills Matâ—agia Messene a very ancient but ruined City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar towards the West Matzuma a Country in the Land of Jesso lately discovered by the Hollanders between Japan and Tartary which has a City of the same name See Jesso Maudre Modre Maldra a small River in the Isle of France which ariseth near Montfort and falls into the Seyne at Mayenne Maulcon a Town in Biscay Mauleon de Soule Malleo Mauleosolium a Town in the Pais des Basques in France The Capital of the Viscounty of Soule Mauli a River in Sicily See il fiume di Ragusa Mauâ—ve See Mauve Mauren-Haer Sogdiana a Province on the North-East of Persia Mauriac Mauriacum a Mountain in Auvergne Maurice Mauritia a City in Brasil in Pernambuck built by John Maurice Prince of Nassaw in 1644. The Capital of the Dutch Plantations in those Countries afterwards taken by the Portuguese This City stands upon the River Biberibi a little above its Mouth two Spanish Leagues from Olinda to the South and has a safe Port near Reciff It was called by the Dutch Mauritzstadt Maurienne a Valley or Province of Savoy extended from the Alpes to the River Isere on the one side and from la Tarantaise to Dauphine on the other It s Capital City is S. Jean de Maurienne an Episcopal See upon the River Arche This Valley has been honoured with the Title of an Earldom above six Ages since and some are of opinion that it anciently was the Seat of the Brannovices mentioned by Caesar Mauritania an ancient large Region of Africa which now lies contained within the Western part of Barbary They divided it into Caesariensis Tingitana and Sitifensis Mauritania Caesariensis had Getulia to the South the Mediterranean Sea to the North Tingitana to the West and Sitifensis to the East and is now almost wholly included in the West of the Kingdom of Algiers Mauritania Tingitania was bounded on all sides by the Atlantick and Mediterranean Oceans together with Caesariensis and Getulia And in the time of the Emperour Constantine was called by the Spaniards Mauritania Transfretana The name of Tingitana came from the City Tingi now Tangier Mauritania Sitifensis had for its bounds Numidia to the East Caesariensis to the West the Mediterranean to the North and Gaetulia to the South And the Eastern part of the present Kingdom of Algiers stands in this Mauritania Mauritz-Mylandt Cygnea an Island in the Aethiopian Sea upon the Coast of Africa called Docerne by the Portuguese who first discovered it See Isle Maurice Long. 80. Lat 20. South Mauritzlandt a part of America Magellanica in the Land of Fire on the South of the Streights of Magellan most extended to the East of those Streights and first discovered by the Hollanders in 1616. It had this name from the Prince of Orange who occasioned the Discovery Maurothalassa the Euxine Sea Maurum Taurus a Mountain in Asia Mauve Malva a small River in the Dukedom of Orleance which falls into the Loyre at Mehun four Leagues beneath Orleans to the West Baudrand writes Mauâ—ve St Maws a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder returning two Members to the House of Commons Maxi Loryma or Laryma a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes from whence it stands twenty Miles to the North. Mayence See Mentz Mayenne Meduana a fine City in the Province of Maine upon the River Mayne six Leagues from the Borders of Normandy towards Anjou twenty Miles from Angiers to the North the same distance from Dol in Bretagne to the East and from Rennes to the North-East This City is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Mayn Meyn Moenus a River of Germany which ariseth from a double Spring in Mount Fichtelburg called Meiss-Mayn White Mayne and Rot-Mayn Red Mayn which two uniting in one Stream at Culembach and flowing Westward near Bamberg it receives the Rednitz Wareres Swinefurt Wurtsburg and Vertheim then cutting Franconia into two parts it passeth by Asburg and Franckfort augmented with the Saal Tauber and some smaller Rivers into the Rhine near but above Mentz Gustavus Adolphus laid a Bridge of Boats over this River which has not been-since continued See Mentz La Mayne Mayenne or Majene Meduana a River of France which ariseth in the Territory of Seez in the Borders of Normandy and flowing South through Maine watereth the City of Mayenne La Val the Castle of Gontier where it entereth Anjou and a little above Angiers being augmented with the Sartre and the Loir it falls into the great Loire above Nants twelve Leagues to the East Mayo Maii Insula an Island on the Coast of Africa in the Atlantick Ocean one of those that belongs to Cape Verde and famous for its Salt Works It is under the Portuguese Long. 366. 4. Lat. 50. 00. North. Mayo
Tongue signifies the Fishing-Place Meckleburg or Mekelbourg Meckelburgum Megalopolis a City of Germany in the Lower Saxony heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme and the Capital of the Dukedom of Meckelburg now ruined nothing remaining but a Castle near the Baltick Sea one Germany Mile from Wismar to the South and three from Swerin which is now the Bishops See to the North. This in the times of the Vandals and Heruli was the greatest City in Europe ruined by removing the Ducal Seat to Wismar because this Town was too big to be fortified as Crantius saith The Dukedom of Meckleburg is a Province of Germany in the Lower Saxony of considerable extent on the North bounded with the Baltick Sea on the East by Pomerania on the West by Holstein and Lawenburg and on the South by the Marquisate of Brandenburg It is now under two Princes of the same Family the Eastern under the Duke of Gustrow and the Western under the Duke of Swerin The Vandals Heruli and Burgundians were the ancient Inhabitants of this Country The Dukes are descended from Peribislaus the last King of the Heruli who being conquered by Henry the Lyon was forced about 1158. to take the Title of Duke instead of King as an Homager to the House of Saxony This Division was made about 1592 upon the Death of John the last single Duke of this intire Dukedom The Reformation was embraced betimes in this Country Medelpad Medelpadia a Province of Sweden which is a part of Angerman between Helsinga to the South Angerman properly so called Jemptland to the North the Baltick Sea to the East and Dale-Carle to the West Medemblick a Town in West Friesland one of the Vnited Provinces of the Low-Countries seated upon the Zuyder Sea upon which it has a large and secure Haven two Miles and an half from Hoorn and above eight from Amsterdam to the North. It is in the Maps Medenblick Media an ancient and celebrated Kingdom of Asia betwixt Armenia Major Hyrcania the Caspian Sea Assyria Susiana c. Where are now the Provinces of Schirvan Gilan Hyerach Agemy and Dilemon in Persia It was in the beginning subject to the Assyrians till Arbaces Governour of Media under Sardanapalus King of Assyria taking advantage of the loosness of that Prince to cast off the yoak of the Assyrian Empire established a Second in Media in his own person Anno Mundi 3178. according to the common Computation one hundred years before the first Olympiad and eight hundred seventy six before the Coming of Christ This Monarchy of the Medes continued under nine Kings from Arbaces to Astyages three hundred and seventeen years and then Astyages lost his Crown and Throne to Cyrus Anno Mundi 3495. Anno Romae 195. in the beginning of the fifth Olympiad The Capital City of the Medes was Ecbatana The others Arsacia now Casbin Cyropolis c. As for the name of Media most agree to derive it from Madai one of the Sons of Japhet Medina del Campo Methymna Campestris a Town in Old Castile in Spain Medina Caeli Ecelesta Augustobriga Mediolum Secontia Vetus Methymna Celia a small Roman City in Old Castile in Spain built upon an Hill near the River Xalon Salo and gives the Title of a Duke to the Family de Corda one of the Noblest Families in Spain which pretends a Right to the Crown of that Kingdom This City stands two Leagues from the Fountains of the River Xalon to the East thirty one from Madrid to the North-East and thirty four from Saragoza to the South-West Medina del rio Seco Forum Egurrorum Methymna Sicca a Town in the Kingdom of Spain Medina Sidonia Asindum Assidonia a Town in Andaluzia mentioned by Ptolemy now made famous by giving the Title of a Duke to the Family of Gusman in Spain it stands upon a Hill nine Miles from Cadiz to the East twenty five from Malaga to the West and was once a Bishops See as Haubertus avers Medina Talnabi that is the City of the Prophet a City in Arabia upon the River Laakic thirty Miles from the Red Sea to the East two hundred from Mecca to the North having a Port upon the Red Sea called Jambi at the Mouth of the River Long. 70. 10. Lat. 26. 00. according to our last Maps This City was of old called Jatrib by Stephanus Jatrippa by Ptolemy Latrippa at present Metina Medina It is seated in a Plain between Mount Ohod to the North and Mount Air to the South Mahomet the Grand Impostor who was born here in 560. finding his Country-men not overmuch inclined to imbrace his new Doctrines fled from hence to Mecca in 617. Having there by his Impostures gathered a great Rabble and pretending a quarrel against the Jews who had a Synagogue in this City he attempted to reduce it by force of Arms unprosperously at first but with better success the second time thereupon he turned the Jewish Synagogue into the first Mosque for the Exercise of his new Religion They of Mecca being alarmed with this Conqueâ—t in the next place took up Arms against him and prevailed but in the second Battel were defeated and subdued Therefore he fixed his chief Seat at Mecca where or here as others say he died in 631. at sixty three years of Age according to some at seventy twenty three of which he spent in propagating his abominable Doctrines thirteen at Medina and ten at Mecca five of which ten followed his Conquering Mecca The Mosque is extremely rich and magnificent sustained by four hundred Pillars which are charged with above three thousand Lamps of Silver and Here there is seen the Tomb of Mahomet which is a Coffin elevated upon Pillars of Black Marble under a Canopy of Cloath of Silver and Gold which the Bassa of Egypt by the Grand Seignior's Order renews every year surrounded with Ballisters and abundance of Lamps of Silver The Mediterranean Sea called by the Romans Mare Internum by the French Italians and Spaniards with little difference il Mare Mediterraneo by the Germans die Mittellendish Meer by the Dutch het Meidâ—anichezee by the Poles Morze Modkeâ—emie idoce by the Turks Ac Denghiz This is the most celebrated Sea in the whole World first discovered and most used by mankind It breaks in from the Atlantick Ocean between Spain and Africa by a Streight of seven Miles broad as the Ancients report it on the North it has Europe on the East Asia and on the South Africa Called by various names as to its parts that Branch of it between Spain France and Italy is called the Tyrrhenian Sea that between Italy to the West Greece and Dalmatia to the East the Adriatick now the Gulph of Venice and the Ionian Sea that which parts Greece from Asia to the Dardanells formerly called the Aegean Sea is now called the Archipelago that which expands it self between Greece and Asia as far as Constantinople is called the Propontis or Sea of Constantinople and that much
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
in 1452. when the Emperor Frederick III. in favour of Borso d'Este first erected this State into a Dukedom Tho this Family is the same with that of Brunswick in Germany said to be eight hundred years old yet the noblest Branch it ever produced is Mary Queen Consort to King James II. This Country is much celebrated for its great fertility Modica Motuca an ancient City of Sicily upon a River of the same name ten Miles from Pachino the most South-East Cape of that Island and five from the Southern Shoar It is now in a flourishing State Modin an ancient Town of Palestine upon a Hill betwixt Emaus and Rhama famous for being the Country of the Heroical Macchabees Modon Methone a City of the Morea on the Southern Shoar in the Province of Belvedore called Messenia by Strabo Pliny and others by the Venetians Modon by the Turks Mutune It is now a fine strong City a frequented Port and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Patras has a strong Castle a large and safe Haven about eleven English Miles from Navarino to the South twenty five from Coron to the West and sixty two from Cape Matapan to the same quarter Seated in a fruitful and delightful Country strong by Nature and Art and is the common Residence of the Sangiac of the Morea In the times of Trajan it suffered very much by a parcel of Illyrian Barbarians who surprized and slew many of its Inhabitants which loss that generous Prince repaired by his Princely Compassion and advantageous Privileges granted to it In 1208. the Genouese ravished it from the Venetians but did not hold it long In 1124. it came first into the hands of the Venetians but was taken from them the year following by the Greek Emperor In 1204. the Venetians retook it Bajazet II. in 1498. besieged it with an Army of an hundred and fifty thousand Men and took it by a kind of surprize after a stout defence upon the arrival of a considerable Succour which drew the Inhabitants from their Posts to their ruin In 1659. Morosini the Venetian General took it and might have taken Coron too if he had not been forced to Sail away to the Dardanells for the security of Candy The Turks regained this Place in the end of the Candian War But in 1686. the Venetian Arms again prevailed to deliver this noble and strong City out of the Hands of the Infidels They found in it ninety nine pieces of Canon Modruch Modrusa a City in Croatia eighteen Miles from Zeng or Segna to the North and eight from Carlstat to the South-West Once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Zara in Dalmatia Moen or Mone an Island in the Baltick belonging to Denmark and not far from Zeland Having in it a Town called Stege or Stoke Moers See Muers Moeris a Lake in the Kingdom of Egypt seventy two Miles from the ancient Memphis to the West said by Mela to be twenty Miles in circumference Here stood the Labyrinth so famous in Antiquity by the descriptions that are given of it in Pliny Herodotus and Strabo It contained sixteen or thirty some say several principal quarters of Apartments full of the Statues of the Gods and Kings of Egypt together with such numbers of Palaces Temples Pyramids Galleries c. Contrived one about and within another that it required the help of a thread to walk forth Travellers report there are yet to be seen three hundred and fifty Chambers in the fashion of a Labyrinth in the same place and that it is now called Castro Caron Moesel Mosella a River in the Dukedom of Lorain called by the French la Moselle by the Germans Das Moesel it ariseth from Mount Vauge a little above the Village of Bussans in the Confines of Alsatia and the Franche Comte and flowing Northward through Lorain watereth Toul beneath which it takes in the Murthe from Nancy so goes to Metz where it takes in the Seylle another great River from the East so passeth Thionvillein and Luxemburgh to Trier or Trevès above which it takes in the Sar and at Coblentz falls into the Rhine Moesia a Province of the ancient Illyricum betwixt Macedonia Thracia and Dacia called by the Romans for its fertility the Granary of Ceres It was divided into the Vpper and Lower Moesia The first is the same now with the modern Servia the other with Bulgaria Moghali Emodus a vast Branch of Mount Taurus in Asia which separates India from Tartary called by others Dalanguer See Taurus and Dalanguer The Empire of the Great Mogul See Indostan Mohacz Mohatz a Town in the Lower Hungary upon the Danube between the River Sarwiza to the North and the Drave to the South four German Miles from either six from Esseck to the North and nine from Colocza to the South This otherwise small Place is memorable for two great Battels here fought the first between Lewis King of Hungary and Solyman the Magnificent in 1526 in which that unfortunate Prince Lewis being about twenty years old with twenty five thousand Men fought three hundred thousand Turks when being over-powered by number twenty two thousand of the Christian Army were slain upon the place five thousand Wagons eighty great Cannon six hundred small ones with all their Tents and Baggage were taken by the Victors and the King in his flight over the Brook Curass feil into a Quagmire and was swallowed up after which Solyman took and slew two hundred thousand Hungarians and got such a footing in this Kingdom that he could never be expelled This fatal Battel was fought October 29. The second in some part retrieves the Loss and Infamy of the former The Duke of Lorain being sent by the Emperor with express Orders to pass the Drave and take Esseck his Highness July 10. 1687. with great difficulty passed that River then extremely swelled with continued Rains but finding the Prime Visier Encamped at Esseck with an Army of an hundred thousand Men so strongly that it was not possible to Attack him in that Post without the ruin of the Christian Army he retreated and repassed the 23 of the same Month whereupon the 29 the Prime Visier passed that River at Esseck and upon August 12. there followed a bloody Fight in which the Turks lost an hundred pieces of Cannon twelve Mortars all their Ammunition Provisions Tents Baggage and Treasure and about eight thousand Men upon the place of Battel besides what were drowned in passing the River which could never be known after which Victory General Dunewalt September 30. found Esseck totally deserted by the Turks and took Possession of it Mohilow Mohilovia a City of Poland in the Province of Lithuania upon the River Nieper in the Palatinate of Witebsko ten Polish Miles from Orsa to the South twenty two from Smolensco to the North-West and eighteen from Mâ—islaw to the West It is seated on a Hill well fortified full of Inhabitants the Russ in 1654. took it but the Poles in 1656. regained
Mount Feretranus near the River Arimino in the Confines of Romandiola twenty Miles from Vrbino to the South-West and fifteen from Arimini to the South giving name to an honourable Italian Family This Chair was removed to Pinna a Town four Miles from it by Pope Pius V. in 1572. Monferrant Monferrandum a City in Auvergne in a very fruitful Soil from whence it has the name It stands upon an Hill about one Mile from Cleremont two Leagues from the River Allier and twenty five from Lion now in a flourishing state with divers Religious Houses in it The River Bedat glides by it § There is another Monferand in the Territory called le Pais entre les deux mers that is betwixt the confluence of the Garonne and the Dordogne This latter is the first Barony in Guienne Monferrat See Montferrat Monfâ—a an Island on the Eastern Coast of Africa over against against Quiloa In Long. 65. and deg 8. Southern Lat. Monfort l' Amauri Montfortium Amalrici Monfortium Almariae a small Town in the Territory of Montoran in the Government of the Isle of France betwixt Dampiere and Mante upon an Hill with a little River gliding at its foot about ten Leagues from Paris It carries the name of an honourable Family Mongaguabe a River in Brasil in the Prefecture of Paraiba Mongibello Mount Aetna and by allusion any burning Mountain in the Italian use of this Word Mongul a Province in the Asiatick Tartary Monlui a Mountain in Catalonia Monlusson Monlussonium a City of France in the Dukedom of Bourbon in the Confines of Berry upon the River Cher four Leagues from the Borders of Auvergne and thirteen from Moulins to the West It is ordinarily epitheted la fertile for its Vineyards and Pasturage Monnedy Mons medius Mons maledictus a small but very strong City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Low Countries upon the River Chier seven Leagues from Virdum to the North and about nine from Luxemburgh to the South-West It stands upon a Hill very well Fortified yet by the negligence of the Spaniards for want of Ammunition and sufficient Garrisons frequently taken by the French At last in 1657 being taken by then it was by the Pyrenean Treaty yielded to France Monmirail Monmiralium a Town in the Province of Brie in France upon an Hill where glides the River Morin falling afterwards into the Marne § Also one of the five ancient Baronies of Perche-Gouet Monmorency Monmoreniacum a Town in the Isle of France four Leagues from Paris to the South-West which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most ancient Families of France From this Town the Valley in which it lies one of the most fruitful spots of Ground in the whole World is called the Valley of Montmorency Monmorillon a small Town in the Province of Poictou in France upon the River Gartampe here covered with a Bridge and the frontiers of la Maache Monmouthshire Monumethia hath on the North the County of Hereford on the East Glocester on the South the Severn and on the West Glamorgan and Brecknockshires It is twenty four English Miles from North to South and nineteen from East to West Full of Hills Valleys Woods and Springs every where fruitful abounding in Corn and Cattle and injoys a temperate healthful clear Air. The most ancient Inhabitants were the Silures Conquered by Julius Frontinus in the Reign of Vespasian after a War of about an hundred years continuance with great loss on the Roman Side nor was this County won with less difficulty by the English the Welsh being intirely possessed of it when the Normans conquered England yet being conquered before Wales it was united to the Crown of England in the Reign of Edward I. and accounted an English County tho lying on the North of the Severn Monmouth which gives Name to this County stands between the Wye and the Monow over both which Rivers it has a Bridge in the North-East Border of the County where Monmouth Hereford and Glocestershires meet as it were all in one Center Three parts of it are secured by these Rivers On the fourth it has a small Brook called Monnors which runs through the Town on the North-East Side where the Town is most accessible it has an ancient Castle once a place of great Strength and Beauty in which Henry V. King of England thence called Henry of Monmouth was born But now ruined and used as a Farm-House there are three of the Gates standing with a part of the ancient Wall it is still a Corporation governed by a Mayor This was also the Birth place of Geofry of Monmouth the Historian It now gives the Title of Earl to the R. H. Charles Mordant Created E. of Monmouth by K. W. As before of a Duke in the Person of James the late unfortunate Duke of Monmouth and it returns two Members to the House of Commons Long. 17. 36. Lat. 52. 08. Monnow a River of Monmouthshire between which and the River Wye stands the Town of Monmouth falling into the Severn Mono Emugi a Kingdom in Africa see Monemagi There are abundance of Elephants with Mines of Brass Silver and Gold found in this Kingdom A part of the Mountains of the Moon is enclosed therewith and the Subjects traffick more especially for Silk Cotton and Amber with the Kingdoms of Queilloa Melinde and Monbaze Betwixt the Estates of the Grand Negus and it lye some petty principalities which are ever in Vassalage to the strongest side Monomotapa a City and Kingdom in the Southern Aethiopia in Africa of great extent which contains in it twenty five other Kingdoms and reaches from North to South two hundred and fifty Spanish Leagues Cluverius stretches it from the Aethiopick Ocean to the Red-Sea Some speak particularly of an Amazonian Kingdom amongst the rest where the Women go to War and acquit themselves with admirable bravery The Portuguese call the King of Monomotapa the Emperor of Gold from the abundance of that mettal found in Mines and the Rivers of his Dominions Monomotapa the Principal City which gives Name to this vast and fruitful Empire lies in Long. 48. 00. Southern Lat. 24. 35. Upon the banks of the River Spiritu Santo very large and adorned with a most magnificent Palace Royal. Monopoli Monopolis a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which sprung out of the Ruins of Egnatia an ancient City not far off a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari but exempt from the Jurisdiction of its Metropolitan This City tho small is very splendidly and magnificently built twenty two Miles from Bari to the East and twenty five from Taranto to the North. Monosceli an ancient People of Aethiopia also called Sciopodes and mentioned by Pliny Monreale Montreali Mons Regalis a small City in the Island of Sicily which is yet an Archbishops See It stands upon a Hill about four Miles from Palermo to the South built by William II. King of Sicily By
Pope Lucius III. adorned with this Archiepiscopal Chair in the Year 1182 at the Request of that Prince who assigned this See a large Revenue and built a stately Palace for the Archbishops Mons Montes Montes Hannoniae the Capital City of the Province of Hainault in the Low Countries called by the Dutch Berghen by the Germans Berg by the French and English Mons Seated upon the River Troville which a little lower falls into the Haisne in the middle between Douay to the West and Namur to the East twelve Miles from either and ten from Brussels to the South-West It is very strongly seated because all the Country about it may be drowned and it is well walled has three deep Trenches about it a Castle in it The publick and private Buildings are very Magnificent many of them adorned with excellent Fountains The French besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men in 1678 under the Command of the Duke of Luxemburgh and so strongly retrenched their Army that they despised any Attempt that could be made upon their Camp yet the Prince of Orange coming up to the Relief of this City bravely and resolutely attacked them and by the Valour chiefly of ten thousand English led on by the brave Lord Ossory entered the French Camp with their Swords drawn at high Noon-day the French General very hardly escaping This rich strong populous City defended it self against the encroachment of the French and remained in the hands of the Spaniards till 1691. when the French besieg'd and took it The ancient Counts or Earls of Hainault used the title of Earls of Mons. There is a famous Abbey of Chanonesses in it permitted to marry Mons en Puelle a Village and Castle in the Chastellanie of L'isle in Flanders betwixt the Cities L'isle and Doway where Philip le Bel K. of France fought the Flemings Aug. 18. 1304. and killed of them 25000. Monserat or Montserrat Mons Serratus a Mountain in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Lobregat nine Miles from Barcelone to the South-West very high and steep in the middle of it is a Monastery famous for the Worship of an Image of the Virgin Mary which was found here in 880. Monsoreau a Town in Anjou in France Monstieres a City and an Archbishoprick in Tarantaise in Savoy Mont a Marquisate in the Ecclesiastick State subject to the Pope Montacute a sharp-pointed Hill in the South parts of Somersetshire which has the honour to give the title of a Viscount to the R. H. Francis Brown descended from Anthony Brown created Viscount Montacute in the Reign of Qu. Mary in 1554 which Anthony was descended from Tho. Montacute Earl of Salisbury created Lord Montacute and afterwards Marquess Montacute by K. Edw. IV. Montagnia a considerable City of Natolia upon the Coast of the Sea of Marmora and the Gulph called heretofore Cianus Sinus five Leagues from Bursa accounted to have five or six thousand Inhabitants of Turks Greeks and Jews and by the way of the Gulph entertaining a good Commerce with Constantinople Montaldo a small place in Piedmont subject to the Pope Mont-alcino or Monte Alcino Mons Alcinous and Mons Alcinus a small City in the Territory of Siena under the Great Duke of Tuscany built upon an Hill twenty one Miles from Siena to the South-West and fifty five from Piombino to the North-East A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena but exempt from his Jurisdiction Montalto Mons Altus a New City in the Marchia Anconitana in the States of the Church under the Dominion of the Pope upon the River Monocia twelve Miles from Fermo to the South-West and eight from Ascoli to the North A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ferme founded by Pope Sixtus Wwho was born here § There is another Montalto in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which passes for the Vffuguim of Livy A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cozenza § Besides a small Town under the Pope in Italy upon the Confines of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat Montames Caliabrum once a City of Lusitania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Merida now a considerable Town in the Province of Estremadura in Spain which has a Castle in the Possession of the Knights of Saint James six Leagues from Merida Montargis Montargium a pleasant City in le Gastinois a Province of France seated upon the River Loing which falls into the Seyne twenty five Leagues from Paris to the South and eighteen from Orleans to the East Being besieged by the English in 1418. it was burnt and rebuilt in the Year 1528. since which time it has been esteemed the Capital of le Gastinois Montauban Montalbanus Mons Aureolus Mons Albanus a City of France in the Province of Quercy in Aquitain in the Confines of Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolose founded by Pope John XXII in 1317. upon the River Tarn eight Leagues from Tolose to the North nine from Caors to the South and ten from Agen to the North-East This is a pleasant great rich populous City generally built with Brick and a very strong Place By the Edict of Nants made in 1599 by Henry IV. this was one of the places put into the Hands of the French Protestants for their Security They quietly enjoyed it till the Year 1621 when it was in vain attempted to take it from them by a potent Siege It had a Brick Bridge upon the River which being much damnified in this Siege was rebuilt in 1667 with a flanting Inscription in Latin Montbelliard See Monbeliar Montblanc Mons Albus a small Town in Catalonia Honored by being made the Title of a Dukedom it stands upon the River Francolinum five Leagues from Tarragona to the North. Montbrison See Monbrison Monte-Cassino See Cassin Monte-Corbino a City of the Kingdom of Naples in Italy of good antiquity It was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento but in 1433 the See became united with that of Vulturara in the same Kingdom Monte-Falco a Town in the Province of Ombria in Italy near the City Spoleti Monte-Fiascone Mons Physcon a small City in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy made a Bishops See by Pope Vrban V. It stands upon the Lake of Bolsena Volsinium between Viterbio to the East and Bolsena to the West eight Miles from either of them and twenty from Corneto to the North. with the Bishoprick of which this is united for ever The Wines of this place have ever been in great esteem Monte-Fiore a Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy Monte-Leone Mons Leo Hippo Vibo a City and Colony of the Brutii now in the Further Calabria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza but that Chari was removed to Melito by Pope Gregory VII This place is in a very good estate four Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea twenty from the Ionian Sea and about thirty eight from Cosenza to the South See Melito Some
who perished in one of them The Air of them is very mild and temperate the Soil is very fruitful and produceth whatever is needful to the Life of Man The Names of the principal of them are Mindano Peragoja Calamianes Mindora Tandaja Cebu in which Magellanes was slain Pintados Parraja Masbat Sabunra Matan Luban Capul Abilyo Banton Bâ—hol la Verde dos Negous and San Juan Philippo See Filippopoli Philippstadt Philippopolis a City in Sweden in Vermelandia a County of Gothland built in the Fens Twenty five Miles from the Lake of Wener and the same distance from Carlstad to the South-East Philippopolis an ancient City of Phaenicia in Syria mentioned in the Ecclesiastical Histories of Socrates and Sozomen upon the occasion of a Statue erected there in the Primitive Times of our Saviour Jesus Christ together with the Statue of the Woman he cured of an inveterate Bloody Flux by the touch of his Garment placed at his Foot The same Historians relating that an Herb of an unknown Species of so soveraign a Vertue as to heal all sorts of Diseases sprung up close by them and when the Emperor Julian the Apostate in the year 362. commanded them to be broken down and a Statue of himself to be advanced in their rooms a Fire from Heaven destroyed Julian's Statue Philipsbourg Philippoburgum a strong Fort or Castle upon the Rhine which before was called Vdenheim First walled in 1343. by Gebhard Bishop of Spire And afterwards took its present name from Philip Christopher de Soeteren Bishop of Spire who in 1615. refortified it for the defence of that Bishoprick George Count Palatine of the Rhine a former Bishop of Spire had built in this place in 1513 a noble Castle or rather Palace which was much improved in 1570 by Marquardus ab Hatstein another Bishop Being thus improved and made very considerable it was reduced by the Swedes in 1634. by Hunger Surprized by the Spaniards by a Stratagem in 1635. Taken by force by the French in 1644. The French bestowed very much during the time they were possessed of it in adding to the Fortifications but in the year 1676. the Duke of Lorrain retook it though the French came up with a great Army to relieve it By the Treaty of Nimeguen in the year 1679 it was consigned to the Bishop of Spire The French began the present War with the Siege of it and obliged it to surrender November 1. 1688. This Town stands three German Miles from Heydelberg to the South one from Spire to the North and three from Durlach Philips-Norton a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Wello near the River Froume The Philistines a part of the most antient Inhabitants of the Land of Canaan disposed along the Sea Coast towards the Borders of the Kingdom of Egypt whose frequent Wars with and Victories over the Israelites their taking and remitting of the Ark and all their valiant Actions at various times conquering and conquered with Sampson David Saul Ely c. are recorded in the History of the Old Testament Phocaea See Fogie Phocis an ancient City and Country of Greece betwixt Baeotia and Aetolia Honoured heretofore with the Cities Delphos Anticyra Cirrha the Mountain Parnassus and the River Helicon situated in this Country In the Year of Rome 399. and the hundred and sixth Olymp. the Phocenses pillaging the Temple of Apollo at Delphos and defeating the Locrenses their Neighbours in a Battel under Philomelus drew upon themselves the Vengeance of Greece to such a measure that a Holy War to punish their Sacrilege was presently commenced against them which tho the Athenians and Lacedaemonians became their Allies ended with the total rasure of the City Phocis in the Year of Rome 408. Olymp. 108. Phortskeim See Pfortsheim â—hrygia a Country of the Lesser Asia divided in ancient times into Phrygia Magna or Major and Phrygia Minor Phrygia Major lay betwixt Bithynia Galatia Pamphylia Lydia and Mysia It s principal Cities were Synnada and Hierapolis Sometime called Pacatiana Now as it is under the Turks Germian The other was famous for the Rivers Xanthus and Simois and the City Troy standing in it the ancient Troas being in this Phrygia contained by the general accounts This Phrygia had the name also of Hellespontiaca from its situation upon the Aegean Sea towards the Hellespont Piacenza Placentia a City of Lombardy of great Antiquity called by the French Plaisance It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bologna and the Capital of a Dukedom of the same name which ever since 1557. has been in the Hands of the Dukes of Parma It is a neat populous City said to have twenty five thousand Citizens within its Walls and to be five Miles in Circuit full of fine Buildings and blessed with an ingenuous Race of Men fit either for Arts or War One Mile from the Po forty from Milan to the East and thirty five from Parma to the North-East in a pleasant place surrounded with fruitful fields Meadows and Pastures having many Channels cut for the watering their Ground and the bringing in Merchandizes It has several Salt-Springs Mines of Iron plenty of Wine Oil Corn and Fruits of all sorts the best Cheese in the whole World is made here in great quantity Nor does it want Woods and Forests for Hunting so that all things considered it is one of the pleasantest situated Cities in the World and thought to have taken its name from thence It was one of the first Colonies the Romans setled in Gallia Cisalpina against the Gauls They fortified it so well that though the Insubres and Boii out of discontent Revolted and joined with Hannibal who made the Siege of this place one of his first Attempts yet he was not able to take it Nor had Asdrubal who followed him any better success so that Livy informs us this was one of the twelve Colonies which in the second Punick War saved Rome In the Year of Rome 553. Amilcar a third Punick General took this City with the help of the Gauls and in a great degree ruined it by Fire and Sword Caelius a Thuscan General not being able to defend it against the Siege of Cinna and Marius rather than he would be taken desired his friend Petronius to give him his sword in his heart who did so and afterwards executed the same to himself Spurina a Commander under Vitellius defended this City with great Gallantry against Cecina one of Otho's Generals who yet at last took and burnt it Anno Christi 69. In 269. M. Aurelianus received a great overthrow from the Marcomanni near it In 542. Totilas King of the Goths took it by a Siege which reduced them to the necessity of eating Mans Flesh About 1335. it fell first into the Hands of the Viscounts of Milan About 1447. they called in the Venetians and endeavoured to shake off the Dominion of the Milanese which had like to have ended in their Ruin the City being taken and sacked and a most cruel
in and before the Roman times Now the eldest Sons of the Dukes of Savoy are styled Princes of Piedmont Pienza Pientia Corfinianum a City of Hetruria now in the Territory of Siena and a Bishops See by the Institution of Pope Pius II. in 1462. who was born at it under the Archbishop of Siena It is little but well Peopled six Miles from Monte Pulciano to the West ten from the Popes Dominions and twenty five from Siena to the North-East under the Duke of Florence Baudrand in another place states the distance thus three from Monte Pulciano and twenty two from Siena Piergo See Polina Pieria and Pierius By these names in ancient Histories we find mentioned a River of the Peloponnesus in Achaia § A sountain in Elis in the same Country § A Mountain of Thessalia in Macedonia consecrated to the Muses by the Poets who therefore give them the name of Pierides § An entire Province of the ancient Macedonia towards the Sinus Thermaicus and the Borders of Thessaly the Inhabitants whereof were called Pieres § As likewise a part of Syria near Cilicia Pifar Phiternus Tifernus the same with Biferno a River in the Kingdom of Naples it ariseth out of the Apennine in the Province of Molise near Boiano and flowing to the South-East watereth Guardia Alferes and passeth by Larina at last by Termini a City of the Capitanata falls into the Adriatick Sea between il Fortore and Trigno two other Rivers of that Kingdom Pignerol Pinarolo Pinarolium a City of Piedmont upon an Hill which has a strong Castle upon the River Cluso at the foot of the Alpes Twelve Miles from Turin to the North-West nineteen from Suse to the South and ten from Saluzes This City belonged to the Dukedom of Savoy but was ravished from that Prince by Cardinal Richelieu in 1630 and by Lewis XIII United March 31. 1631 to the Crown of France for ever according to the Articles of the Treaty of Querasque betwixt him and Victor Amadaeus D. of Savoy There are divers Churches and Religious Houses here And the Castle is very strong both by art and nature Pilaca Ajax a River of Calabria which falls into the Ionian Sea Pilau Pilaua a strong Fort or Castle in the Ducal Prussia at the Mouth of the Bay of Koningsperg three German Miles from that City to the West Taken by the Swedes in 1626 but now under the Duke of Brandenburg and has a very good Harbour belonging to it Pilsen Pilsenum a City of Bohemia upon the River Mies nine German Miles from Prague to the West six from the Borders of the Vpper Palatinate and eleven from Eger or Heb. This is a great and strong City besieged unsuccessfully by the Hussars but taken by the Count de Mansfeldt in 1118. The Mies below it receives a small River in that form as makes this place seem to stand in a Peninsula Pilsno Pilsna a City of the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Sandomir near the Vistula the Capital of a Territory of the same Name Pinco Pincus a River in the Isle of Candy or Crete Pindus a vast Mountain now called Mezzovo ascribed by Strabo to Macedonia by Ptolemy to Epirus it passing between it and Macedonia by others to Thessalia It stretcheth from East to West from the Acroceraunian Hills now called Capo della Chimera in Albania to the Thermopylae now Bocca di Lupo in the midst of this Course it brancheth out to the South the Parnassus and Helicon which has occasioned the confounding these three Names The Enacho and Eas two Rivers spring from this Mountain Pingiam a great and rich City of the Province of Xansi in China said to be the Capital over thirty others in the same Province Pingive a City in the Province of Queicheu in China Pingleang a City in the Province of Xensi in China upon the River Kiang at the Foot of the Mountains Pinglo a great City in the Province of Quamsi in China upon the River Li. The Capital over several other Cities Pinhel Pinelum a small but strong City in the Kingdom of Portugal in the Confines of the Kingdom of Leon upon a River of the same Name four Leagues from the Duero to the South and six from Guarda Piâ—sk Pinscum a Town in Lithuania in the Palatinate of Brescia upon a River of the same Name Once a very considerable place and now the Capital of a District called by its Name but being taken by the Cossacks they burnt and plundered it by which Devastation it is reduced into a mean Condition It stands nineteen Miles from Brescici to the East Piomba Helvinum Matrinas a River of Abruzzo flowing between the Cities of Adria and Penna in the Further Abruzzo into the Adriatick Sea Piombino Piumbinum a great and strong City in the Territory of Siena in Italy on the Tyrrhenian Sea under the Dominion of a Prince of its own but has a Spanish Garrison for its Protection It lies in the midst between Orbitello and Ligorne fifty Miles from either and from Siena This City sprung out of the Ruins of Populonium which stood not far from it Pir Orontes Pirgi Perga once an Archbishops See now a small Village in Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia Pirn a Town in the Province of Messen Misnia in the Vpper Saxony in Germany upon the Elbe three Leagues from the Borders of Bohemia near Dresden Remarkable for a Treaty concluded at it in 1635 betwixt the Elector of Saxony and the Emperor Ferdinand II. As also for the Protection given here in 1628 to the Refugee Protestants of Bohemia and Austria In 1640 the Army of the King of Sweden took this Town Pisa Pisae a Town of Hetruria of great Antiquity built by the People of Peloponnesus as Strabo averrs now an Archbishops See upon the River Arno which divides it and is covered with three Bridges Great but not well peopled It has an University which was opened here in 1349 and a strong Cittadel Also once a potent Commonwealth which recovered Sardinia out of the Hands of the Saracens mastered Carthage and Majorca and gave great assistance to the Christians of the East but being it self first overpowered by the Florentines and restored to its former Liberty by Charles VIII of France it fell the second time under their Power and together with Florence subjected to the House of Medices under whom it now is This City stands six Miles from the Mouth of the Arno to the East and forty five from Florence ten from Lucca to the South fifteen from Ligorne In a numerous and splendid Council here held in 1400 Alexander V. was chosen Pope and the two Antipopes Benedict XIII and Greg. XII declared to be Schismaticks and Hereticks and as such deposed It is famous for many other noble Councils One in 1134 under Pope Innocent II. excommunicated the Antipope Anacletus Another in 1511 acted against the person and Government of Pope Julius II. Whereunto add the Treaty in 1664
Church-man very old when he came to the Crown Philip II. King of Spain obtained this Kingdom by force and a pretended Title in 1584. After whom Philip III. and IV. successively enjoyed it But in 1640. John Duke of Braganza who had a better Title encouraged by the unsupportableness of the Spanish Government to the Portugueze by an universal Revolt of the people in all parts ejected the Spaniards and assumed the Kingdom succeeded in it by two of his Sons the youngest of which Peter is now King of Portugal and the second of his Name Porzevera a River of Italy which falls into the Sea by Genoua Posega or Possega the Capital City of Sclavonia upon the River Oriawa eight Miles from the Save to the North thirty from Gradisca to the East it consists of about ten thousand Houses They are mean and small after the manner of the Buildings in this Country It is seated in a very fruitful Earth which produceth Fruits of all sorts of a more than ordinary size and gives its name to a County lying betwixt the Save and the Drave This Town fell into the Hands of the Turks under Solyman the Magnificent about 1544. together with Walpo and Quinque Ecclesiae and continued so till 1687. when the Turkish Army after the Battel of Mohats revolting from and mutinying against the Prime Visier their General the Garrison which was laid in this City to defend it of a sudden no Enemy being near them deserted and carried many of the Inhabitants with them and slew others Whereupon General Dunewalt who had then crossed the Drave to besiege Zygeth returned and took Possession of it without force or any opposition and immediately took care to secure it by raising new Works and Forts Four hundred Villages depend upon this City Posnan Posnam or Posen Posnania a City in the Greater Poland the Capital of a Palatinate called by the same Name built upon the River Warta amongst the Hills seven Miles from Gnesna to the West twenty from Franck fort upon the Oder to the East and as many from Wratislaw to the North it is little yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and has an excellent and well built Castle The Palatinate of Poznanskie is bounded on the West by the Marquisate of Brandenburg on the North by the Further Pomerania on the East by the Palatinate of Kaliski on the South by Misnia Poson See Presburg Potenza Potentia a City of Italy ascribed by Ptolemy to Lucania now seated in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples at the foot of the Apennine fifteen Miles from Acerenza to the North-West and eighteen from Venosa Venusia to the South This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Acerenza and now in a tolerable good condition Pothereus a River of the Island of Crete mentioned by ancient Writers as passing by the City Gortis or Gortyna there Potosi Potosium a great City in South America in the Kingdom of Peru on the South part of that Country in a Province called Los Charcas seated at the foot of a Mountain of the same Name and divided in two by a Rivulet from a Lake that stands about a quarter of a League off Eighteen Spanish Leagues from La Plata to the East eighty from the Pacifick Ocean to the East one hundred and sixty from Cusco to the South Mostly regarded on the account of rich Mines of Silver here discovered in 1544. by the Spaniards who built this City and call it an Imperial one which is since become one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities in America adorned with divers Magnificent Churches and Monasteries and inhabited by above twenty thousand people Spaniards Strangers Indians Moulates c. almost every one appearing in Gold and Silver Potton a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Bigleswade bordering upon Cambridgesh Pouges a Village in the Province of Nivernois in France betwixt Nevers and la Charitè much frequented upon the account of two Medicinal Springs at it which have long been in great esteem for the curing of the Dropsie Pouligny or Poligny Polichnium a Castle in the Franche Comté which was heretofore a place of great strength It stands seven Leagues from Dole to the South Poulton a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Amounderness upon the River Irwell Powhatan or James River the principal River in Virginia dividing that Country by the middle It denominates an Indian Kingdom there in which Captain Smith in his Voyages made large Discoveries The Capital Town of it was Pomeiok Powis or Powisland a Sovereign Principality in the former times in Wales whereof Mathraval in the County of Montgomery was the Capital Pozzuoli or Pozzuolo Puteoli Dicaearchia a City of Italy in the Province of Campania built by the Samians and called Flavia by Vespasian now in the Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Naples It stands upon an Hill by the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a large and safe Haven and a Bay of the same name eight Miles from Naples to the West There are within the bounds of this City thirty five natural Baths which have their different sorts of warm Water wonderously useful for the Cure of several Diseases This City was the place to which the Roman Emperours retreaed for the most part for their divertisement and pleasure at this day a great populous fine City in which the Spaniards have built a Cittadel There are very many Roman Antiquitios and natural Rarities in it not easily to be found elsewhere Some Remains particularly of Caligula's Bridge of three thousand nine hundred Paces over the Gulph reaching from Pozzuoli to Bajae which he proudly passed and repassed in triumph Mr. Sandys in his Travels has largely described others of these Prague by the Inhabitants called Prag Praga Casurgi◠Marobudum Bubiemum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Bohemia an Archbishopric kinstituted by Pope Clement VI. and the Royal City or rather three Cities within one Wall which together make it undoubtedly the greatest City in Germany It stands upon the River Muldau called by the Inhabitants Vetaue a large rapid River covered by a Stone Bridge of sixteen great Arches seventeen hundred foot long and thirty five broad This City is divided into three parts the Old the New and the Little City The Old lies on the East of the Muldau very populous full of Buildings and in this the University was founded by the Emperor Charles IV. about the year 1370. 2. The New is very large separated from the former by a large Ditch or Trench 3. The Klein Seitten or Lesser Prague for pleasantness beauty of Buildings and fair Palaces far exceeds the other two this lies on the West of the Muldau in this is the Royal Palace the Cathedral Church dedicated to S. Veit built by S. Wenceslaus Duke of Bohemia in 923. The Circuit of the City is very great
Taro takes its course to the Po. The Towns Campiano and Borgo di Val di Taro stand in this Principate Pristina a large City in Bulgaria situated in the midway between Nissa and Vscopia Taken by the Imperialists in the year 1689. Prochita or Procida an Island three Miles in compass on the Coast of Terra di Lavoro near the Bay of Naples which has a fine Castle and a Monastery Propontis the Sea betwixt Asia Minor and Thrace now called the Sea of Marmora See Marmora La Provence Provincia one of the Southern Provinces of France The first part of France which the Romans conquered and reduced into the form of a Roman Province from whence it has its Name Provincia Romana In those times it was bounded on the East by the Maritim Alpes on the South by the Mediterranean Sea on the West by the Rhosne and on the North by the Vocontii Caturiges and Ebroduntii three Gallick Tribes or Nations within which bounds it contained all these other Tribes the Cavares the Salii Desviates Albici Mimeni and Oxybii It is now much less than it was then but still one of the greatest Provinces in France bounded on the North by the Dauphine on the East by the Alpes and the County of Nizza on the West by Languedoc cut off by the Rhosne and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea From East to West from the Rhosne to the Var forty four Leagues from North to South thirty two in Circuit one hundred fifty eight as Honorate de Bouche has shewn in a very exact Description of it lately published The Capital of this Province is Aix the other Cities are Antibe Arles Avignon Carpentras Digne Dragugnan Frejus Grasse Marseille Orange Sisteron Tarascon Toulon Voison The Rivers Rhosne Var Durance Verdon Argens c. water it This Province was conquered by the Romans before Julius Caesar entered France upon the complaint of the Marsilians against the Salians M. Fulvius Flaccus was sent with an Army against them in the year of Rome 627. one hundred twenty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and the War was ended by Fabius Maximus in 632. It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 411. when it was granted to Atholphus King of the Goths with Placidia a Sister of the Emperour Honorius by that Prince Theodorick expelled this Nation in 462. and brought it under the Ostrogoths or Goths of Italy from whom it passed to Theodobert King of Metz a Frank about 549. by the Grant of the Emperour Justinian From these it passed to Rodolph Duke of Burgundy and in 876. Hugh de Arles obtained this Province of Boson King of Burgundy by the Title of Earl of Provence It continued under Earls with the changes of Families till 1481. when Charles Earl of Maine the last Earl of Provence gave it to Lewis XI King of France his Cousin German from which time it has been united to the Crown of France There were in this Province three other small States not subject de Jure to the Crown of France as Avignon under the Pope Nizza under the Duke of Savoy and Orange under the Prince of Orange Provins Provinum a Town sometime the Capital of la Brie in France upon the River Vousie whence the Province-Roses take their denomination It has been understood by some to be the Agendicum of the Ancients Prusa See Bursa Besides which two other ancient Episcopal Cities in Bithynia in the Lesser Asia have their Names remembred by Strabo Pliny and Ptolemy Said to be now called Cheris and Barech Prussia Borussia Pruthenia a great and fruitful Province of the Kingdom of Poland which is a Dukedom called by the Inhabitants Prouss by the Poles Prussy by the Germans Preussen and by the Italians Prussia Bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea on the West by Pomerania on the South by Poland and Mazovia on the East by Lithuania Samogitia This Province was at first under Sovereign Dukes of its own after that under the Knights of the Teutonick Order who in 1228. began a long and bloody War towards the Conquest of it in 1454. the Western part was lost from that Order being subdued by the Poles In 1500. the Grand Master of the Order triumphed over the Moscovites that had fallen upon Prussia and Lithuania In 1525. the Eastern part submitted to the Crown of Poland too Albert Marquess of Brandenburg the thirty fourth and last Master of that Order doing Homage and obtaining from that Crown the Eastern part with the Title of Duke of Prussia It stands now divided into two parts called the Regal and the Ducal Prussia in the first are Dantzick Marienburg Elbing and Thorn in the second are Koningsberg and Memel The Regal Prussia Dantzick excepted was yielded by a Treaty in 1655. to the Crown of Sweden The Ducal is under the Duke of Brandenburgh who farmes the Amber-Fishery along the Coast of the Baltick Sea in this Province at eighteen or twenty thousand Crowns a year Pruth Porata Hierasius a River of Moldavia which arising in Red Russia entereth Walachia and watereth Jaczy the Capital of that Province and at last falleth into the Danube Pruym or Prume Prumia a Castle Town and Monastery in Germany of the Order of S. Benedict in the Forest of Ardenne built by Pepin King of France in the year 760. It stands upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Saar betwixt the Electorate of Trier and the Dutchy of Luxemburgh seven Leagues to the North from Trier and six from Limburg to the South Lotharius the Emperour Son of Lewis the Debonnaire resigning the Imperial Dignity died a Monk in this Monastery in 855. In 1576. the Territory belonging to the Abbey which till then had been subject to the â—bot of this House only fell under the Elect of Trier whose Successors are ever since the pectual Administrators of this Jurisdiction confirm therein by the Diet at Ratisbone in 1654. which extends to some Villages about this Monastery Przemysl Premislia a City of the Kingdom of Poland upon the River san in Red Russia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lemburg and sixteen Polish Miles from Sandomir to the South and eighteen from Lemburg to the West It stands upon an Hill well peopled and in a flourishing state Psylli an ancient people of Libya in Africa described by Suetonius Herodotus Gellius c. to have had a particular art at expelling and mortifying of Poisons whence Augustus Caesar desiring to preserve Cleopatra for a Triumph caused these Psylli to suck the Poison out of her But too late Ptolemais See Aca. Ptolemais Cyrenaica one of the five Cities of the ancient Pentapolis in the Kingdom of Egypt which was a Bishops See of great note heretofore in the Person of Synesius its Bishop who in 411. assembled a Council at it for the excommunication of Andronicus Prefect of the Country The modern Name of it is Tolometa
County is bounded on the North by the Curlew Mountains dividing it from Slego on the East by the River Shannon dividing it from the Counties of Lotrim Longford West-Meath and Kings County on the South by Kings County and Galloway and on the West by the River Suck which parts it from Galloway and Mayo It is of a considerable length viz. sixty English Miles from North to South but not above nineteen where broadest the Soil is level and extremely fruitful so that it abounds with Grass and Corn produced by very little Husbandry Roscomen the principal Town which gives name to it stands upon the River Suck towards the Western Border but near the middle of the County twelve Miles from Athlone to the North-West and thirty three from Galway to the North-East Rosas Rhoda Rhode Rodopolis once a City now only a Castle and a small Town in the County of Roussillon in Catalonia in Spain which has a large Harbour on the Mediterranean Sea very strongly and well fortified taken by the French in 1645. but restored by the Pyrenean Treaty to Spain It stands ten Spanish Leagues from Perpignan to the South This place was first fortified by Charles V. before which it was only a Monastery though in the time of the Romans it had been one of the most considerable Cities in Spain supposed to have been built by the Rhodians before the Romans were Masters of this Kingdom and from them to have taken this name Rosetto Metelis a City of Egypt called by the Turks Raschit by the Italians Rosetto it stands with a Port upon the Mediterranean Sea upon the Mouth of that Branch of the Nile which was anciently called Canopicum now one of the principal Cities of that Kingdom Monsieur Thevenot who travelled from Alexandria hither tells us that it is sixty short Miles This City saith he was anciently called Canopus it lies five Miles up the River from the Sea and is next to Cairo one of the best Cities in Egypt and still encreasing being a place of great Traffick very pleasant surrounded by lovely Gardens and full of well-built tall Houses and in which there is great plenty of Victuals very cheap but in the Months of July and August they have none but Cistern-waters to drink Many pieces of ancient Money have been found in the Sand betwixt Alexandria and this City The Country about it yields Sugar-Canes in plenty Long. 60. 45. Lat. 31. 6. Roseveque a small Town in Flanders famous for a Battel which Charles V. won against the Rebellious Gante-men of whom were slain forty thousand and their General Philip d' Artevill taken and hanged Rosieme Rosima a City in Poland the Capital of Samogithia upon the River Dubissa twelve Polish Miles from Corona to the North thirty from Riga to the South and twenty seven from Vilna to the West this place is little and ill peopled Baudrand writes Rosienie Rosâ— Russia a County in the North of Scotland bounded on the North by Naverina and Sutherland on the South by Murray and Abria on the East by the German and on the West by the Irish Sea Charles I. was Earl of this County in the Life of his Father Rossano Roscianum Ruscianum a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and a Principality built upon a Rock incompassed on all sides by Rocks and seated scarce three Miles from the Shoars of the Bay of Taranto sixteen from Bisignano to the East thirty five from Cosenza to the South-East and twelve from Thurium to the South which last being an old City was formerly the Bishops See This Place is great well peopled and was the Birth-place of Pope John VII Rosse Rossa a Town anciently in the Province of Mounster in the County of Cork and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell it stands upon the British Channel at the Mouth of a small River called Fin thirty Miles from Cork to the South-West and twenty two from Kinsale to the West The Bishops See in 1618. was united to that of Cork the Town being reduced to a meer Village § There is a Market Town of this name in Herefordshire in the the Hundred of Greytree upon the River Wyc Rossetto See Rosetto Rossillon Ruscinonensis Comitatus a County of Catalonia called by the French Roussillon by the Spaniards Rossillon bounded on the East by the Mediterranean Sea on the North by Languedoc on the West by Ceretania and on the South by Catalonia The Capital of it is Perpignan There are besides in it Leucate Villa Franca Rodes Eâ—na and some other Places of note it extending from East to West eighteen Spanish Leagues This Country was anciently a part of Gallia Narbonensis annexed to Spain in the Times of the Goths had then Earls which were Sovereign Princes of it and on the Death of Gerard the last of them under Alphonsus II. added to Arragon By James I. annexed to the Kingdom of Majorca and recovered back again to that Crown by Pedro IV. By King John II. sold to Lewis XI of France in 1462. and by Charles VIII of France returned back freely to Ferdinando on condition he should not obstruct his Conquest of the Kingdom of Naples in 1493. It continued under that Crown till 1659. when Lewis XIII retook it by his Arms. and had the Possession confirmed by the Pyrenean Treaty There are three considerable Rivers watering it the Tet the Tech and the Egli Rostock Rostocium Rostochium Raciburgum Rhodopolis Rosarum or Rosarium Vrbs a City in the Lower Saxony upon the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Meckleburg in Germany which is a Free Imperial City and has an Harbour made by the River Warna on which it stands eight Miles from Wisemar to the East and eleven from Stralsundt to the West It is under the Protection of the Dukes of Meckleburg by whose Ancestors it was built about 329. and walled by another about 1160. It s Ancient Name was Rostzoch or Rotzoch which signifies a Miry Ground Ericus King of Denmark conquered this Territory about 1286. Christopher III. his Successor in 1322. restored it to the Duke of Meckleburg Waldemarus IV. granted this City and its Territory to Albert Duke of Meckleburg in 1360. Aâ—bert another Duke in 1416. founded an University here which was opened three years after It is about five Miles in compass and almost equal to Lubeck A Sedition arising in this City in 1573. against the Duke he entred it in Arms and treated the Senate with great severity In 1629. it was with the whole Dutchy of Mecklenburg taken by the Imperialists out of whose hands it was recovered by the Swedes Octob. 16. 1631. Long. 34. 20. Lat. 54 20. Rostow Rostovia a great City in Russia which is the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name and an Archbishops See It stands upon the River Cotorea having a Fortress of Wood twenty six Miles from the Wolga to the South and thirty four from Mosco to the
by the Sacred Writers It was seated upon a Mountain in the Tribe of Ephraim built by Omri King of Israel as is recorded 1 Kings 16. about the year of the World 3112 or as others 3â—19 and becoming from thenceforward the Royal City of that Kingdom it became one of the greatest strongest and most populous as well as most beautiful Cities of the East Benhadad King of Syria besieg'd it first about 3146. with a vast Army and reduced it to great Extremities it was then delivered by a Miracle Salmanazar King of Assyria was the next that attempted it and took it after a Siege of three years in 3314. He carried the Israelites into Captivity and peopled it with a new Colony composed of divers Nations and Religions who were the implacable Enemies of the Jewish Nation especially after the building of a Temple in Samaria after the manner of that of Jerusalem about the times of Nehemiah by one of the Sons of Joida the High Priest who had married a Daughter of Sanballat the Horonite Governour of Samaria under Darius King of Persia for whom his Father-in-law built a Temple on Mount Gerizim Hyrcanius the High Priest of the Jews about the year of the World 3941. took and intirely ruined this City which lay desolate till Herod the Great rebuilt it about 4033. and called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Honour of Augustus The Temple of Samaria was standing in our Saviour's time as appears in S. John's Gospel after our Saviour's Passion this City received the Christian Faith by the Preaching of Philip the Evangelist about the year of Christ 35. Simon the Father of Heresie was one of these new Converts and the Founder of the Gnosticks About 42. Herod Agrippa obtained this City as an Addition to his Kingdom from Caligula In the first ruin of the Jewish Nation under Vespasian this Nation and City had no great share of the Calamity because I suppose they sided with the Romans in this first Revolution against the Jews But in the second under Adrian the Emperour they acted otherwise and about the year of Christ 135. were together with the Jews extirpated by the Arms of that Prince This City has ever since lain buried in its Ruins though there are some few remainders of the Samaritan Nation to this day in Palestine and Grand Cairo where they keep their Synagogues and their ancient Sacrifices Especially at Sichem now called Naplouse in Palestine the residence of their High Priest who pretends to be of the Race of Aaron But following Laws and Rites different from those of the Pentateuch they have nevertheless the esteem of Hereticks amongst the Jews The Samaritans of Mount Gerizim were mortal enemies to the ancient Christians there till the Emperour Justianian took and burnt their King Julian and curbed them from time to time by very severe Edicts See Gerizim It stood thirty five Miles from Jerusalem to the North. Long. 66. 40. Lat. 31. 30. or as Mr. Fuller saith Long. 69. 10. Lat. 32. 30. Sambales the little Islands near the Peninsula of Jucatan in New Spain in America where good Amber-Greese is fished up with great dexterity by the Indians Sambas Sambasum a City on the North side of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies which has an Harbour upon the Ocean though it lies thirty Miles from the Shoar up into the Land Sambia a Province of Prussia called by the Poles Szamlandt one of those twelve Counties into which Prussia was divided by Venodotius one of its Princes in 733. § Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gâ—â—sna whose Seat was at Coningsperg but now united with the Bishoprick of Ermeland or Warmerland It lies between the Bay of Curland to the North the River Pregel to the South and was a part of the Circle of Natingen now under the Duke of Brandenburg Sambre Sabis Saba a River of the Low-Countries which aâ—iseth in Picardy and soon after entring Hainault divides it watring Landrecy Berlamont and Maubeuge It passeth by Charleroy to Namur the Capital of the Province and there falls into the Maes Samnites an ancient and powerful people of Italy who inhabited the Countries now contained in the Terra di Lavoro the Capitanata the Abruzzo the Dukedom of Benevento c. and made War with the Romans a long time before they could be entirely reduced Samo Samos Parthenia Cyparissa an Island belonging to the Lesser Asia in the Ionian Sea near Ionia as being but five Miles from the nearest Shoar of Ephesus and sixty from Chius now Sio to the South It is about eighty in compass It has a City on the East side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus so poor that it will scarce find its Bishop Bread yet is this Island so fruitful that almost nothing can be planted which the Earth will not bring to maturity The Wines of it are exceeding pleasant but for want of a Trade and encouragement the Inhabitants plant little more than they use The Inhabitants were so powerful in ancient times that they managed a prosperous War against the Ephesians and afterwards against the Athenians and Milesians about the year of Rome 313. and the eighty fourth Olympiad till Pericles about the year of the World 3510. reduced them Upon his departure they reassumed their Liberty and forced him to besiege their City nine Months before he could take it to invent the Battering Ram and several other Engines for that purpose and even after this they sustained some other Wars Their greatest Glory was Pythagoras the Father of Philosophy Juno was their principal Patroness and Goddess in whose honour there was a famous Temple erected by them This Island once so powerful rich and populous is by the Turks who are Masters of it reduced to that mean and depopulated condition that a few Pyrates dare land and plunder it as they please So that ever since 1676. no Turk durst venture to live upon it lest he should be carried into Captivity by these Rovers as four of them were then by Monsieur Crevellier a famous Privateer Samogithia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Samodzka-Zembla by the Poles Samudska-Ziemia by the Germans Samaiten by the French Samogitie It is a very large Province bounded on the North by Curland on the East by Lithuania on the South by Prussia Ducalis and on the West by the Baltick Sea its length from East to West is thirty five German Miles but not of equal breadth The principal Towns in it are Midniky or Womie Kowno and Rossienie which last is the Capital of this Province It was anciently divided into twelve Counties now into three and overspread with dark thick Woods Yet it is a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Bishop having his Residence at Womie and this Province is very often included in Lithuania largely taken the Fortunes of which it has always followed Samoiede or Samoyedes Samoieda a Province in the North-East of Muscovy upon
Northern Picts by Palladius a Deacon of Rome about 435. The Bishops of Scotland were always subject to the Archbishop of York till 1478 when on the pretence of the frequent Wars between them and England their two Archbishops Sees were erected and they became a separate Church from that of England Scotusa Scotussa a small City in Thessalia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa near to which it stands Scutari or Scutaret Chrysopolis Dianae fanum a Town upon the Propontis in the Lesser Asia over against Constantinople believed by some to be sprung out of the ruins of the ancient Chalcedon Scylla See Scillo Scythia The vast Region anciently understood by this name was divided into Scythia Europaea and Asiatica 1. Scythia Europaea was the Country of the Nomades Basilidae c. lying along the Borysthenes towards the Euxine Sea and the Palus Maeotis making on that side a part of Sarmatia Europaea and now contained properly in the Lesser Tartary But besides this betwixt Moecia Dacia Thrace and the Danube there lay Scythia Europaea Pontica where we have now the East quarters of Bulgaria and the Territories of Dobrzin and Bessarabia Of which the Scythians possessed themselves in the fifth Century 2. Scythia Asiatica was subdivided into Citerior and Vlterior the Hither and Further Seythia by the Mountain Imaus And distributed accordingly betwixt the Sarmatae and Persae to the West India to the South the Tartarian Ocean and the Hyperborei to the North. The antient Alani Sacae and Jaxartae were some of its Native Barbarians This Scythia now lies comprehended in the Desart and great Tartary The Manners of the old Scythians and modern Tartars being much-what the same Scythopolis the ancient Roman name of Bethshan in Palestine upon the Lake of Genezareth which Pliny and Ptolemy misplace in Coelesyria See Bethshan Scrikfinner Scritophinis a People in Scandinavia between Norway to the North and Lapland to the East These People are said to Cloath themselves with the Skins of Beasts like the Samoiedes as is usual with all these Hyperborean Nations Sdille See Delos Sdrin Sdringa Stridonium a City of Dalmatia the Birth place of S. Jerome the most Learned of the Latin Fathers ruined by the Goths but afterwards rebuilt and in some degree Peopled Others place it upon the Confluence of the Mure and the Danube fifteen Miles beneath Rakelspurg in Stiria Seafull a high Hill in the middle of the Island of Man in the Irish Sea which affords the Beholder a Prospect of three Kingdoms at once England to the East Scotland to the North and Ireland to the West Sebaste Sebastia Sebastopolis See Samaria Suvas Saustia and Savatapoli Sebenico Sebenicum Sicum a small City very well fortified in Dalmatia upon the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spalato under the Venetians ever since 1412. having before been a Maritim City of Croatia It has a Castle and Fort built upon a Rock which are Places of great strength and have four times humbled the Ottoman Forces and preserved this important Place under that State It lies at the Mouth of the River Kerka or Kirka thirty eight Miles from Zara to the East and three hundred from Venice Made a Bishops See by Pope Boniface VIII The ruins of the ancient Sicum of Ptolemy appear at some distance from this City Sebourg a Castle and Seigniory in the Province of Hainault in the Low Countries three Leagues from Valenoiennes and near Bavay It has the honour of the Title of a Viscounty Secchia Gabellus a River of Italy which springeth from the Apennine in the Borders of Carfagnana between Tuscany and the Apennine running Northward and dividing the Dutchy of Modena from that of Reggio in some Places it watereth Sassuola leaving Modena to the East and Cappi to the West it falls into the Po at S. Benedicts Abbey in the Duchy of Mantoua five Italian Miles from Mirandola to the North West Sechy a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Frebridge Seckaw Secovia Secovium a small Castle in Stiria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh erected in 1219 by Pope Honorius III. and Eberbard Archbishop of Saltzburgh It stands upon the River Gayl a little above its fall into the Mure not above four German Miles from the Borders of Austria to the South and twenty from Saltzburgh to the East The Archbishop has the Election and Consecration of this Bishop gives him his Investiture takes an Oath of Fealty from him and he has no Place nor Voice in the Diet of Germany Sedan Sedanum a City in Champagne in France upon the Maes with a very strong Castle Anciently in the Propriety of the Bishop of Reims by whom it was exchanged with the Crown for Cormicy Afterwards it had particular Lords of the Families of Braquemont and Marcan and in the Family of Turene was made a Principality In 1642. this little Principality was forced to submit to the Crown of France It stands sixteen Leagues above Namur to the South and from Verdun to the North in the Frontiers of Champagne and Luxemburgh See Seva Segia a small River in Normandy six Miles from Auranches to the West Seelandt Selandia Codadonia a great Island in the Baltick belonging to the Crown of Denmark separated from Scania to the North by the Sound on the South it has the Baltick Sea It is sixteen German Miles in length twelve in breadth a very fruitful and pleasant spot of ground The Capital of it is Coppenhagen the Royal City of Denmark The rest are Helsinore Cronenburgh and Fridericksburgh and besides these it has three hundred and Forty Parishes Séez Sagiensis Vrbs Sagium Sajorum Civitas Vrbs Seluniorum a City in Normandy in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan It stands near the Fountains of the River Orne thirty six Leagues from Paris to the West eleven from Lisieux to the South and five from Alenzon to the East Seged or Segedin Segedunum a City of the Upper Hungary seated upon the Tibiscus where it receives the Merish a great River out of Transylvania in the County of Bodroch twenty six German Miles from Buda to the South-East and fifteen from Colocza Taken by the Turks in 1552. The Imperialists plundred it in 1685 and took it from the Turks without resistance after they were possessed of Buda Segeswar Segethusa Sandava Singidava Segesuaria a City of Transylvania called by the Germans Schezpurg it is seated partly on the side of an Hill partly in a Valley upon the River Cochel which after falls into the Merish ten German Miles from Hermanstadt or Zeben to the North and fourteen from Kronstadt or Brassaw to the West near the foot of the Carpathian Hills Under the Prince of Transylvania Segewoldt Segevoldia a City in Livonia upon the River Teyder five Swedish Miles from the Bay of Riga to the East and seven from Riga to the South-East Segna Senia
on the East by the Palatinate of Ploczko The principal Town is Mittaw the usual Residence of the Dukes of Curland under whom this Province is Semender See Spenderobi Semnitz one of the Names of the Carpathian Hills Sempach a Town in Switzerland under the Protection of the Canton of Lucerne Semur en Auxois Semurium a small City in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Armanson ten Leagues from Autun to the North eleven from Dijon to the West and twenty two from Troye to the South Semur en Briennois a Town in the Dukedom of Burgundy in the Territory of Autun one League from the Loyre to the East and three beneath Roanne to the North. Sendomir Sendomira a City in Poland the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name in the Lesser Poland built upon an Hill by the Vistula where it receives the Sanum twenty eight Polish Miles from Crakow to the East and thirty two above Warsaw to the South This Town was taken by the Swedes in 1655 and retaken next year by the Poles Seuef a Town in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Low Countries made remarkable by a Battel betwixt the French under the Prince of Conde and the Spaniards joyned with the Dutch in 1674. in which the former carried the Victory It stands upon the Borders of Hainault and Namur Senega a great River in Africa called by the Portuguese Zanaga by the Natives Ouedec One of the principal Branches of the Niger and the most Northern which was called Darat or Daradus and falls into the Atlantick Ocean by Cape Verde where there is a French Colony Upon its Banks stand the Cities of Genehoa Tombutum and some others its course is from East to West between the Kingdoms of Genehoa and Jalofarum Senez or Senes Civitas Sanitiensium Sanesio Sanitio Sanitium a small Clity of Provence and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ambrun from which it stands fourteen Leagues to the South and eight from Sisteron to the North-East Now reduced almost to a Village The See is removed to Castellane a Town upon the Verdon two Miles South from Senez And the Chapter of the Cathedral of the Order of S. Austin was secularized by Pope Innocent X. in 1647. It stands amongst the Mountains of Provence believed by some to be the Sanitium of Ptolemy Il Senese Senensis Ager a Territory in Italy called by the Inhabitants Il Sanese by the French le Sienois it is a considerable part of Tuscany towards the South between Florence and Pisa to the North and West the Tyrrhenian Sea to the South and the States of the Church to the East Heretofore a Commonwealth and a Free State but has been subject above a hundred years to the Duke of Florence The Maremma di Siena is divided between the Prince di Piombino under the Protection of the Spaniards and the Stato di Presidii in which is Orbitello and Tellamont immediately under the Spaniards though they be parts of the Senese The Capital of this Province is Siena The other Cities are Monte Alciano Colle Pienza Soana Chiusi Massa Rosetto and Piombino and the Island on this Coast belonged also to this State Senga or Cinoa Cinga a River in the Kingdom of Aragon which ariseth from the Pyrenean Hills above Biela and flowing South watereth Ainsa Balbastro Moncon and Fraga at Mequinenca falls into the Segre and with it into the Ebro having in this course entertained the Essera the Guaticalema and Ysuela and some other Rivers Senigaglia Senogallia Sena Gallica a small but handsome and strong City upon the Coast of the Gulph of Venice in the Dukedom di Vrbino in Italy belonging formerly to the Dukes of Vrbino and the Family of the Malatesti now to the Papacy It has a Port at the Fall of the River Nigola into the Gulph and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vrbino In 1627. a Synod was held at it The Senones a Tribe of the ancient Gauls establishing themselves in the Country hereabouts gave it this name of Senogallia Asdrubal received a Defeat before it whose name is retained by a neighbouring Mountain called The Mountain of Asdrubal Senio Senna a River of Vmbria in Italy Senlis Augustomagus Silvanectum Sylviacum a small City in the Isle of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reims and the Capital of its County Seated upon the River Nonette ten Leagues from Paris to the North it has this Name Sylvanectum because it is surrounded with Wood from the Forest de Rets The County or Bailliage de Senlis lies between the Isle of France Le Valois the Oyse and the Aysne The principal Towns in it being Senlis and Compeigne Senlis contains seven Parishes and two Collegiate Churches The Leaguers in the Civil Wars besieged it and were here engaged by the Kings Party There have been divers French Synods assembled at it Senne or Zenne Senna a small River of the Low Countries which arising in Hainault and slowing through the Dutchy of Brabant watereth Brussels and Mechlen then falls into the Rupel Senno Siris a River in the Basilicate a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which watereth Agromento and then falls into the Bay of Taranto fifteen Miles from Torre di Mare to the South It had once a City upon its Banks called Siris too but now intirely ruined its Rubbish scarce appearing three Miles above its Out-let Senonois Senonensis Ager a Tract in France annexed to the Generalité of Champagne which is a part of the Possessions of the old Senones and has this Name from Sens its capital City Sens Senones Agendicum Senonum a great City of France called by the Italians Sans so very antient that it is thought older than Rome and an Archbishops See Built in a beautiful Plain upon the River Yonne which has over it there a Stone Bridge It is also the Capital of Senonois in the Prefecture of Champagne though ill attributed by some to Burgundy A beautiful City twenty six Leagues from Paris to the South-East and the same from Orleans to the North-East Made famous heretofore by the Conquests of the Senones a Tribe of the Gauls its old Inhabitants in Italy and Greece who in the former took Rome and built Siena and Senogaglia with other Places to this day retaining their Memory in the Names they gave them Robert King of France took this City out of the hands of its Counts in 1005. It is plentifully watered by Rivulets from all Parts adorned with a noble Metropolitan Church six Abbeys and divers Ecclesiastical and Religious Houses The Archbishops take the Title of Primates of Gaul and Germany Several French Councils have been celebrated here The Territory of Senonois reaches about sixteen or seventeen Leagues in length and eight in breadth The learned Petrus Abaelardus suffered the Condemnation of one of those Councils in 1140. in the presence of K Lewis le Jeune and S. Bernard from which he appealed to the Pope Senguino Arymagdus a
River of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which springeth out of Mount Taurus and falls into the Mediterranean Sea between the Cities of Anemora and Arsinoë Sentino Sentinus a small River in the Marchia Anconitana which running by Sentina once a considerable Town but now only a Castle in the Dukedom of Vrbino in a pleasant Valley fifteen Miles from Eugubio the Town being ruined by the Lombards falls into the Esino Sephoris an antient City of Palestine in Galilee four Miles from Nazareth towards Mount Carmel upon a little Hill in the midst of a Plain Herod made it the principal Place for Strength in all Galilee for the greater security of his Tetrarchy Joachim and Ann the Father and Mother of the B. Virgin were Natives and Inhabitants of it in the place of whose House a Christian Church in the Primitive Times was erected as appears by the remaining Ruines There is a very large Fountain near it called commonly by the same name of the Fountain of Sephoris by which the Christian Armies often assembled in the times of the Kings of Jerusalem From Sephoris some write that Joachim and Ann removed to Nazareth and thence to Jerusalem It has been since called Dio-Cesarea but now lies in Ruines Ser Cyrrhus a River of Albania a Province or Kingdom of Greece Seraio Seraium a City of Bosnia upon the River Migliazka in the Lower Bosnia It is great and strong the Capital of that Kingdom being some few Miles from the Borders of Servia and about thirty from the Save to the South and about hinety from Belgrade to the South-West Seram a River of Bugey in France in the Territory of Valromey passing under the Bridge of Soy into the Serâ—erin and thence near Rochefore into the Rhosne Serchio Aesaris Auser Sarculus a River of Italy which ariseth out of the Apennine in Tuscany in the Borders of the Dukedom of Modena and flowing through Carfagnana and the States of Luca not far from the Capital City of that State entertaineth the Osaro and entring the Dukedom of Florence falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea five Miles North of the Mouth of the River Arno. Sere Sara a River of France in Touraine Another in the Low Countries which falls into the Oyse Seregippe del Rey a City in Brasil in South America built on an Hill near the Mouth of the River Potigipeda on the Eastern Coast the Capital of a Province of the same name between Pernambuc to the North and the Province of All Saints to the South both City and Province being subject to the King of Portugal Sereth Tiarantus a River of Moldavia which falls into the Danube near Galacz or Axiopolis Serica a great Region of the ancient Asia betwixt China to the East and the Mountain Imaus to the West famous heretofore for Manufactures in Silk Its Cities were Issedon Serica Ottorocorra Piada c. The Inhabitants are known in Antiquity by the name of Seres This Country at present lies contained in the Kingdoms of Niuche Tangut c. in the Asiatick Tartary to which some add Cathay As some include it in the ancient Scythia Asiatica others make them separate The Occhardus now Tartar is a River of Serica Serio Serius a River in Lombardy in the States of Venice which springeth out of the Mountains in the Borders of the Grisons and flowing South by Bergamo and Crema falls into the Adda above Piciglione a great Town in the Dukedom of Milan five Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Parma Sermoneto Sulmo Sermineta a Town in Campagua di Roma in the States of the Church which gives the Title of a Duke to the Family of Cajetan It stands twenty eight Miles from Rome to the South and seventeen from Terracina to the North-East Serpa a Town in the Kingdom of Portugal towards the Borders of Andalusia near the River Guadiana upon an Eminence with a Castle for its security It hath an unfruitful Country about it Serphino or Serfinus Seriphus an Island in the Archipelago towards Europe full of Rocks about thirty Miles in Circuit betwixt the Islands of Fermema or Thermia and Sifano The Romans used to banish Criminals to it Serrano a small uninhabited Island in the North-Sea in America betwixt Jamaica and the Region of Nicaragua in New Spain to which the Misfortunes of a Spaniard called Serrano who was Shipwrack'd upon it in the time of Charles V and detained all alone some years there for want of a Vessel to take him up again have fastned his own name Serres or Seres Serrae a City of Macedonia mentioned in Niceta Cedrenus and the latter Greek Writers by Leunclavius now called Seres It is now a considerable and well peopled Place advanced to the Honour of an Archbishops See in the place of Amphipolis between which Thessalonica and Philippi it stands upon an Hill our latter Maps place it thirty four Miles from Amphipolis to the South-East sixty from Thessalonica to the North-East and thirty from Contessa to the North-West Servan or Schirwan Servania Atropatia a Province in the North West of the Kingdom of Persia towards the Borders of Georgia and the Turkish Empire the Northern Bounds of which are the Caspian Sea It has many great Cities and is one of the most Fruitful and Populous Provinces in that Kingdom though it has suffered much in latter times by the Depredations of the Turks The Cities of it are Tauris Schamachie Servan Ardebeil and Baâ—â— This Country makes a part of the ancient Media Servia a Province of the Turkish Empire called by them Zirfia It is of great extent Bounded on the West by Croatia or rather Bosnia and Dalmatia and in part by Sclavonia on the North by the Danube which separates it from the Vpper Hungary and Moldavia on the East by Bulgaria and on the South by Macedonia Albania and Dalmatia The chief Towns and Cities in it are Belgrade Prisren Novibazar Procupie Semander and Scopia which was anciently the Capital In the times of the Romans this was called Moesia Superior esteemed a part of Thrace and the most barbarous Nation the Romans had subdued which was done by Marcus Licinius Crassus in the times of Augustus Caesar In the fall of the Roman Empire the Servi a Branch of the Sclaves became Masters of this Country and gave it the name of Servia About 1000. it was conquered by the Emperors of Constantinople but suffered to continue under their own Princes as Homagers to the Empire Amurath I. was the first of the Ottoman Princes who invaded this Country He took Nissa about 1374. after which they maintained a Bloody War with some Intermissions till 1460 when they finally submitted to Mahomet the Great and ever after esteemed a Province of that Empire The Christian Faith was first setled here by Cyril and Methodius between 860. and 890. Methodius taking care to give them the Bible in the Sclavonian Tongue together with the Divine Offices which they hold in high esteem to this day The
The Poles after many other fruitless attempts recovered it again under Sigismund III. in 1611. after a Siege of two years The Russ besieged it in 1616. and in 1633. to their great loss Being the last time after a years besieging of it defeated by Vladislaus IV. King of Poland who obtained from the Pope the settlement of a Bishops See in it In 1654. it was taken by them October 13. under whom it now is and by a Treaty in 1656. yielded to the Russ It lies one hundred and fifty Polish Miles from Vilna to the East and the same distance from Kiovia to the North. Smyrna a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia of great Antiquity as laying claim to the Birth of Homer The Turks call it Ismyrna It is an Archbishops See great rich and populous the Seat of a Turkish Sangiack built partly on an Hill partly in a Plain in the form of an Amphiatheâ—re upon the River Mele having a large and secure Haven upon a Gulph of the Archipelago to which it gives name very much frequented by the English and Dutch Merchants to whom alone the present Greatness and Wealth of it is owing The ancient Greeks and Persians went often to War about it Taken by the Venetians in 1344. from the Turks and not retaken till 1428. This was one of the Seven Churches mentioned in the Revelations and almost the only one that is in a tolerable condition See Mr. Wheeler's Travels pag. 240. Long. 55. 30. Lat. 39. 28. An Earthquake and a Fire conspired the same day to do mischief to this City June 13. 1688. They reckon in it besides the Northern Merchants about sixteen thousand Turks fifteen thousand Greeks eight thousand Armenians six or seven thousand Jews The Turks have fifteen Mosques for their Religion the Jews seven Synagogues the Latin Christians three Churches the Greeks two and the Armenians one There is a Convent of French Capuchines with some French Jesuits and Italian Cordelieres Each foreign Nation keeps a Consul here for Commerce which consists in Persian Silks Turkey Leather Camelets Tapistry c. Some curious Ruins of its ancient Magnificent Buildings are yet extant of which and of its Noble Statues many have been thence transported by the English It was heretofore much greater than now The Summer Season would be insupportably hot but for a refreshing Air from the Sea which rises ordinarily about ten in the Morning and blows till Night Provisions are cheap in it The Turks govern it not by a Bassa but a Cady a Civil Officer who uses the Christians obligir gly Snath a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Osgodcross adjoined by the Tract of Marshland Snetham or Snetsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Smethden seated upon a Rivulet not far from the Sea Soana Suana a small City in the Territory of Siena which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena It stands upon a very high Hill near the River La Flore in the Borders of the States of the Chürch forty eight Miles from Siena to the North-East In a declining State and wasted almost to a Village Long. 34. 46. Lat. 42. 11. Pope Gregory VII was born here In 1626. a Synod was held here also Sobrarbe a Tract in Arragon towards the Pyrenean Hills and Catalonia Honoured formerly with the Title of a Kingdom Soconusco a Province in New Spain in South America lying along the Pacifick Ocean Soczow See Suchzow Sodom the Capital of the five miserable Cities of the Plain in Palestine called in one name Pentapolis whose destruction by Fire from Heaven according to the History of the Old Testament Gen. 19 or by an Earthquake vomiting forth a Lake of Subterraneous Sulphur and Brimstone according to Strabo who advances the number of these Cities to thirteen became a Proverb to the World Sodore Sodera an ancient decayed City in the Island of Cholmkill on the West of Scotland and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Glasco in which place there are interred forty eight Kings of Scotland four Kings of Ireland and eight Kings of Norway The Abbey here was built by S. Columbus the Great Apostle of the Northern Nations and from this place the Bishop of the Isle of Man is stiled Sodorensis in Latin Soest Susatum a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany in the County of Mark called by the French Soust Once an Imperial Free City but now subject to the Elector of Brandenburg as Earl of Mark Taken by the French in 1673. and afterwards deserted This City in more ancient times was granted by Frederick I. to the Archbishop of Cologne but being too much oppressed by them it put it self under the Protection of the Counts of Mark and this in time turned to a Sovereignty but it has some remains of its ancient Liberty It stands seven German Miles from Paderborne West and Munster South and four from Ham to the East Sofala Zofala a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia in Africa in the Country of Cafraria towards the Ethiopick Ocean in an Island in the Mouth of the River Zambez in the Borders of Zanguebaria which takes its name from Sofala a strong City under the Portuguese one hundred and fifty Miles from Zanguebar and three hundred and forty from Mosambique Fifty Miles West of this City there are rich Mines of Gold called the Mines of Manica from which the Portuguese raise a vast Revenue Some have therefore believed Sophala to be the Ophir of King Solomon confirming their conjecture by the Septuagint's Translation of Ophir into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which by an ordinary change of r into l makes Zopheila or Sofala together with this that the people of Sofala pretend to prove from their own Books that the Jews in Solomon's time voyaged to those Coasts from three year to three year to buy Gold and the Country shews several Buildings and ancient Inscriptions in unknown Characters which must be understood to be the Works of Strangers See Ophir The Portuguese call the King of Monomotapa the Emperour of Gold from these and other Mines in his Dominions For Sofala is contained in Monomotapa Sofia Sophia the Capital City of Bulgaria called by the Turks Triadizza which is an Archbishops See anciently called Sardica seated upon the River Boiana at an equal distance from the Borders of Thrace East Servia West and Macedonia South being now a great populous City and the Seat of the Turkish Governour but it has no Walls nor other Fortifications Hoffman calls the River Ciabrum In this place was the greatest General Council of the Ancients held that ever met in 347. In which the Nicene Council by the Arts of Constantius was condemned It stands three hundred Miles from Constantinople to the West one hundred from Thessalonica to the North and two hundred and fifty from Belgrade to the South in the Road to Constantinople Long. 51. 00. Lat. 42. 43. Sogdiana a large
South called Swold's Bay made by the shooting forth chiefly of Easton Ness the most Eastern Point of England The Cliff hath several Pieces of Ordinance planted upon it Sowe the River upon which Stafford is situated Sowtham a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow Spa a small Town in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Low Countries famed for its Medicinal Mineral Waters Spahan See Hispaam Spain Hispania is one of the most considerable Kingdoms in Europe called heretofore Hesperia and Iberia It is separated from France towards the North-East by the Pyrenean Hills on all other sides surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea the Streights of Gibraltar and the Atlantick Ocean so that it lies in the form of a vast Peninsula joined to France by a Neck of eighty Spanish Leagues over Called by the Natives La Espanna by the French L'Espagne by the Italians La Spagna by the English Spain by the Poles Hispanska by the Germans Spanien and by the Dutch Spangien It s greatest length from East to West is one hundred and ninety German Miles or five hundred Italian It s circuit two thousand four hundred and eighty Italian Miles taking in the Creeks and Windings of the Seas and Mountains it is two thousand eight hundred and sixteen Miles the least of which Computations is four hundred and sixty Miles greater than France was forty years agone The ancient Geographers with one consent affirm That it abounded with whatsoever the Ambition or Needs of Men required full of Men and Horses all over replenished with Mines of Gold Silver Brass Iron and Lead white and black had Corn Wine and Oyl in abundance in short so extremely fruitful that if any place for want of Water was less useful yet even there Hemp and Flax thrived very well It was in those days the West-Indies of the World and like them the Store-House of the ancient Treasures The Ancients divided it into three great parts called by them Tarraconensis Baetica and Lusitania First Hispania Tarraconensis was the greatest of the three and the most Eastern On the East bounded by the Pyrenean Hills on the North by the Bay of Biscay on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and Lusitania on the South by the Mediterranean Sea and Baetica Secondly Hispania Baetica was the most Southern part bounded on the East and South by the former in part and by the Ocean on the West and North by the same Ocean and Lusitania Thirdly Hispania Lusitanica was the most Western part extended upon the Ocean between Hispania Tarraconensis and Hispania Baetica The very ancient History of this Country is either fabulous or lost The Phoenicians may justly be supposed to have been the first Civilizers of it and the Founders of the most ancient Cities as Diodorus Siculus and Strabo affirm After these who settled mostly in Baetica the Grecians followed who from Marseille sent many Colonies into Hispania Tarraconensis The Carthaginians were the next who about forty years after they were by the Romans dispossessed of Sicily Sardinia and Corsica in the end of the first Punick War about the year of Rome 512 by the Isle of Gades which was theirs before entered Spain and in less than twenty years under Amilcar Asdrubal and Hannibal the Son of Amilcar destroyed Saguntum built New Carthage conquered all the Nations of this Country as far the Pyrenean Hills and the Mediterranean Sea and might easily have subdued the rest but that Hannibal chose rather to revenge the Injuries of his Country and ruin Rome by an Invasion of Italy The Jealousie of the Carthaginians ruined his Designs in Italy and the Roman Fortunes prevailed in Spain too under Cornelius Scipio about the year of Rome 545. The People having been broken by the Carthaginians submitted the more willingly and easily to the Romans and continued under them till about the year of Christ 400 when Gundericus King of the Vandals first conquered them The Goths followed these and in 418 set up a Kingdom which in time extirpated the Vandals or drove them over the Sea into Africa This Kingdom continued under thirty one Princes till 724 when the Moors came in and after a Fight of seven Days continuance prevailed against the Goths and forced Spain They brought over fifty thousand Families of Moors and Jews and so fixed themselves here that though they were in a short time cantoned into a small Kingdom and the Spaniards with the remainders of the Goths who had secured themselves in the Mountains and other places of difficult access by the help of the French made a gainful and prevailing War upon them yet they could not be intirely subdued before 1492 In after times it is hard to say whether the good Fortunes or ill Government of the Spaniards have contributed most to the ruin of this once most potent Kingdom For first Ferdinando and Isabella in 1492 expelled out of Spain one hundred and seventy thousand Families of the Jews Philip II. in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors And America being found in the mean time the numbers of Spaniards that passed thither is unknown Philip I. succeeded in 1504 The first Prince of the House of Austria who reigned in Spain Charles V. his Son in 1516. Philip II. in 1556. Philip III. in 1598. Philip IV. in 1621. Charles II. the present King began his Reign in September 1665 being then an Infant This Kingdom is now divided into fifteen Kingdoms or Provinces viz. 1. Navarre 2. Biscay 3. Guipuscòa 4. Leon and Oviedo 5. Gallicia 6. Corduba 7. Granada 8. Murcia 9. Toledo 10. Castile 11. Portugal 12. Valentia 13. Catalonia 14. The Kingdom of Majorca 15. And the Kingd of Arragon Which are at this day all reduced under three Crowns or Governments Castile Portugal and Arragon The Religion professed is strict Roman Catholick especially since the introducing the Inquisition by Pedro Gonsales de Mendoza Archbishop of Toledo in 1478. The Christian Faith was taught this Nation very early by S. James or more probably by S. Paul Arianisin entered with the Goths and continued till 588. They never heard of the Roman Rites till after 1083 when a Frenchman being made Archbishop of Toledo endeavoured the Introduction of that Service and was at first opposed in it by all the other Prelates and People It had been well for Spain if it had never been received seeing it has cost that Nation so many of its People no less than three thousand Families having been destroyed by the Inquisition in one Diocese in three years not to mention the loss of the United Netherlands and the ruin of Flanders The Cities of Spain are too numerous to be here inserted New Spain Hispania Nova is a considerable Country in North America called by the Spaniards la Nueva Espanna and sometimes el Mexico from its Capital City It contains all that space of Land between the North and the South Sea that lies between the Terra Firma or Streight of Panama to the East and Florida to
Course piece of Cloth with a fine List Besides the Thames here is the VVay the Mole and the Wandle whose head springs from Croydon all emptying themselves in the Thames It has many Noble and Princely Houses but few Towns or Places of any considerable greatness the Principal Town in it being Kingston upon Thames The Regni an old British Tribe were the first Inhabitants of this County In the times of the Saxon Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the South Saxons The first Earl of it was VVill. de VVarren Created by VVilliam the Conqueror in 1067. VVilliam the third of this Line succeeded in 1135. who was followed by VVilliam de Blois Son of King Stephen first Husband of Isabel de VVarren in 1148. and by Hameline Plantagenet base Son of George Earl of Anjou half Brother to Edward III. second Husband of the said Isabel in 1163. His Posterity enjoyed it in four descents till 1347 when the Male Line failing Richard Fitz Alan Lord Treasurer was Earl of Surrey In 1398. Thomas Holland was Earl of Kent and Duke of Surrey afterwards Beheaded Thomas Fitz Alan Son of the former Richard died Earl of Surrey in 1414. In 1451 John Lord Mowbray was Created Earl of VVarren and Surrey and after Duke of Norfolk In 1475. Richard a second Son of Edward IV. was the thirteenth Earl of Surrey In 1483. Thomas L. Howard L. Treasurer after Duke of Norfolk was Created Earl of Surrey in which Family it is at this day Surunga a City and Kingdom in Japan in the Island of Niphon Sus Susa or Susum a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa so called from a River of the same Name It is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Morocco on the East by Darha on the South by Tesseta and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean Divided into seven Provinces the principal Cities in it are Tarudant the Regal City Teseut and Sancta Cruz. This is a pleasant rich fruitful Kingdom yields Wine Grain Fruits Pasturage Indico Alum c. has a great Quantity of Gold which is a perpetual cause of War amongst them and many Castles and Villages well fortified by the Natives since the Portuguese abandoned this Country in the last Century Now subject to the Kingdom of Fez tho it has been a distinct Kingdom and the Inhabitants are for the most part Mahometans and some of the best Soldiers in Africa Susa one of the principal Cities in the Principality of Piedmont upon the Doria at the foot of the Cottian Alps which separate Piedmons from Dauphine and the Capital of a Marquisaâ—e of its own Name belonging to the Duke of Savoy but taken by the French Forces under Monsieur Cattinat November 1690. Nineteen Miles from Pignerol The French call it Suse This City shews an Inscription upon a Triumphal Arch from which Learned Men conclude that the Emperor Augustus erected his Trophy hereabouts for the Conquest of the Alpine Nations in the year of Rome 740 fourteen Years before our Saviour For tho others place that Trophy about the Foot of le Col de Tende or the Maritime Alpes near Nice and Monaco from a part of the words Gentes Alpinae Devictae seen there upon a Fragment of a stone yet these two Opinions are reconcilable by supposing that Augustus set up this Trophy at the foot of both the Maritime and Cottian Alpes for the greater glory § Susa was also the Capital of the ancient Country Susiana in Asia at the entrance of a spacious Plain which the River Choaspes watered The Kings of Persia used to pass the Spring at it Darius repaired it says Pliny Alexander the Great took it It is now in a flourishing state if the same Souster See Souster Susdal Susdalia a City of Muscovy the Capital of a Province of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rostow It stands eighty Miles from Moscow to the South-East and one hundred and thirty from Novogorod Nisi to the North-West Susiana an ancient Country of Asia betwixt Syria Persia and Chaldaea whereof Susa was the Capital City and Melitene one considerable Province It had the honour to be a Kingdom which after the death of Abradatus King of Susiana submitted to the power of Cyrus Sussex Sussexia one of the Southern Counties of England Bounded on the North by Surrey and Kent on the East by Kent on the South by the British Sea and on the West by Hampshire It s Length from East to West is sixty Miles the broadest part from North to South not above twenty and its Circumference about one hundred and fifty wherein are contained one hundred and twelve Parishes with eighteen Market Towns The Air is good but subject to great Fogs and Mists out of the neighbour Sea which recompenceth this Inconvenience with plenty of Fish and Fowl There are few Harbors upon this Coast the Soil is rich and fruitful but the Roads miry and unpleasant the Middle of the Country has excellent Meadows the Sea-coasts are Hilly but afford plenty of Corn and Grass the North-side full of Woods and Groves The principal River is Arun. The chief City in it is Chichester which is a Bishop's See the next to it Lewes The Regni were the ancient Inhabitants of this County who were subdued by Aulus Plautius in the reign of Claudius the Roman Emperor In 478 Ella erected here the Kingdom of the South-Saxons from whence this County has its Name The first Earl of it was William de Albeney Earl of Arundel who married Adelizia the Relict of Henry I in 1178. He was succeeded by VVilliam his Son it continued in this Family for five Descents In 1243 John Plantagenet Earl of Surrey succeeded In 1305 John a Son of the former followed In 1529 Robert Ratcliffe was Created by Henry VIII Earl of Sussex whose Posterity enjoyed this Honor six Descents In 1644 Thomas Lord Savil was Created the fourteenth Earl of Sussex whose Son succeeded and in him that Family ended This Honor in 1674 was conferred upon Thomas Leonard Lord Dacres who married Anne Fitz-Roy eldest Daughter to the Duchess of Cleavland by Charles II. Sutherland Sutherlandia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the North by Caithness and Strathnavern on the West by Assint on the South by Rosâ— and on the East by the German Ocean The principal Town in it is Dornock Sutri Sutrium Colonia Julia Sutrina a City in the States of the Church in S. Peters Patrimony upon the River Pozzolo which is a Bishops See but for ever united to the See of Nepi from whence it stands four Miles to the West and twenty four from Rome to the South-West It is little and incompassed with Rocks on all sides Livy says of it that Camillus when it had revolted against the Romans went with an Army to reduce it In the year of Christ 1046. the Emperor Henry III. assembled a Council here which deposed Pope Gregory VI. who had intruded into the Roman
See in 1044. and elected Constantine II. in his stead In 1059. another Council confirm'd Pope Nicholas II. his Election to the See and deposed the Antipope to him Benedict before Bishop of Veletri Sutton-Cofield a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Hemlingford Suvas Sebastopolis a City of Cappadocia in Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sebastia now a very considerable Place and the Seat of a Turkish Governor about fifty Miles from Amasia to the North-East Long. 67. 30. Lat. 42. 30. Swafham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of S. Greneho Swansey a Market Town in Glamorganshire in Wales the Capital of its Hundred Swarteness Iccium a Cape in Picardy so called by the Dutch four Leagues from Calais to the West and six from the Coast of Kent The English call it Blackness Swarte Sluys a small City in Over-Yssel one of the United Provinces of the Low-Countries Sweden Suecia one of the Northern Kingdoms of Europe called by the Inhabitants Swerie Swedenrick and Sweriesryke by the Germans Schweden by the French Suede by the Poles Szwecya and Szwedzka Ziemia by the Italians La Suetia by the Spaniards La Suecia It is a great and populous Kingdom contains the greatest part of that which was of old called Scandinavia for some time united to the Crown of Denmark and has been a separate and distinct Kingdom only since 1525. Bounded on the North by Lapland Norway and the Frozen Ocean on the East by Muscovy or great Russia on the South by the Baltick Sea and on the West by Denmark and Norway The principal Parts of it are first Gothia second Sweden properly so called third Norland fourth Finland fifth Ingria sixth Livonia all which are subdivided into thirty four Counties They are again subdivided into Haeradlis like our Hundreds It has seventeen Cities the Capital of all Stockholm The Air of this whole Kingdom is very cold clear or foggy as it lies nearer or remoter from the Seas Lakes and Marshes and for the most part more temperate and pure than that of Norway In length from Stockholm to the Borders of Lapland one thousand Italian Miles in breadth twenty days Journey on Horseback so that with all its Appendages it is thought nine hundred Miles greater than France and Italy put together It hath one Forest betwixt Jenkoping and Elsimbourg thirty Leagues long with plenty of Rivers Lakes Marshes Rocks and Mountains so that the soil is more fertile than that of any other of the Northern Kingdoms which enables them to transport great quantities of Malt and Barley Brass Lead Steel Copper Iron Hides of Goats Bucks Oxen rich Furrs Deals and Oaks for Buildings They have some Silver in their Mines in the Woods Tar and Honey and vast quantities of Sea and Fresh-water Fish The People are strong and healthful hospitable and civil live sometimes to a hundred and forty years of Age. So industrious that a Beggar is not to be seen amongst them Of latter times they have shewn the World they are good Soldiers and capable of Learning too This was the Country of the Goths who in the fourth Century pulled up the Roman Empire in the West and let in the other Barbarous Nations who still possess it This People were never subject to the Romans but have been under Kingly Government from the first Peopling of the Country We have a pretty certain Catalogue of these Kings from the times of Charles the Great to Magnus IV. King of Norway and Sweden amongst these Olaus II. first took the name of King of Sweden his Predecessors were called Kings of Vpsal after their capital City who in 1363. was succeeded by Albert Duke of Mecklenburg in prejudice of Haquin King of Denmark and Norway after whom succeeded Margaret the Semiramis of the North Queen of Denmark Sweden and Norway in 1387. She united all these Kingdoms into one by an Act of State In 1411. Erick IV. Duke of Pomeren succeeded as her Adopted Son in all these Kingdoms After this the Kingdom became Elective and Unsteady till in 1523. or 25 Gustavus Ericus was chosen King who expelled the Danes and put an end to that Union He died in 1560. In 1611. Gustavus Adolphus the Great attained the Succession in this Line who was killed in the Battel at Lutzen in Misnia in Germany in 1632. To him succeeded his Daughter the most famous and admired Christina who of her own voluntary motion and pleasure by declaration in form of Law with the consent of the States i. e. truly Abdicated the Crown to her Counsin Charles Gustavus in 1654. and lately died at Rome Charles the present King of Sweden is the ninth in this Line and succeeded Charles II. his Father in 1660. This People was converted to the Christian Faith by Ansgarus Bishop of Bremen about 816. Lotharius the Emperor procured the settlement of Bishops in these Northern Countries in 1133. They received the Reformation under Gustavus I. in 1525 and have ever since stuck to the Augustane Confession which they preserved in Germany too when it was about 1630. in great danger to have been over-powered by the Prosperity of the House of Austria They have also planted a New Sweden in New America not far from Virginia Swerin Suerinum a City of Germany which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme in the Lower Saxony Heretofore subject to its own Bishop and the Duke of Mecklenburgh but now intirely under that Duke by the Treaty of Munster It stands upon a Lake of the same name seven German Miles from Gustrow to the West and three from Wismar to the South This City received with its Bishop the Augustane Confession in 1530. In 1631. taken by Gustavus Adolphus and was under the Swedes till the Peace of Munster The Bishoprick was Founded by Frederick I. Emperor of Germany Swernicke a considerable City and Pass upon the River Trina near the Confines of Bosnia Taken by the Imperialists October 15. 1688. Swilly a Lake in the County of Derry in Ireland Swindon a Market Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Kinwarston Swine a River or Bay in Pomerania the same with the Oder the Germans write Schwine Switzerland Helvetia is a large Country in Europe which of ancient Times was esteemed a part of France or Gallia in the middle times of Germany and for three of the last Centuries has been a Free and Independent Country governed by its own Magistrates It is called by the Germans Schwitzerland by theÌ„ French Suisse by some of the Natives Eyatgnosts-Schafft that is the United Lands by the Italians l' Elvetia by the Spaniards Helveciae by the Poles Szwayâ—zarska On the North it is bounded by the Rhine which separates it from Germany on the East by the Lake di Idro or Brescia and the same River which divides it from Germany and the Grisons on the South by the Lake Lemane Walisserland and the Dukedom of Milan on the West by the Frenche
but no more and so S. Thomas was the Head of Theirs In 1546. Dom Juan Albuquerque a Franciscan Archbishop of Goa erected a College at Cranganoor for the conversion of these Christians to the Church of Rome In 1587. the Jesuits established another one League from Cranganoor And in 1559. Meneses Archbishop of Goa and Primate of the East was employed in a grand Mission hither to promote the same Conversion But the Christians of S. Thomas will not by all the endeavours that are used be induced to forsake the ancient Customs of their Forefathers They use the Chaldee language in their Offices Acknowledge the Patriarch of Babylon for their Chief Practise their own Ceremonies and in matters of Faith are Nestorians Thongcaster an ancient Town in the division of Lindsey in Lincolnshire upon the side of a Hill Owing its rise to a Castle said to be built here with the permission of Vortiger the British Prince by Hengist the Saxon after his Victory over the Picts and Scots Thorn Torunium a City of Prussia Regalis upon the Vistula four Polish Miles from Culm twenty two from Dantzick to the South and twenty nine from Warsaw to the North-West This was once an Imperial and Free City under the protection of the Teutonick Order whom some make the Founders of it in 1234 but in 1454. it put it self into the Hands of the Poles who have granted it great Privileges Nicolas Copernicus the great Astronomer was a Native of this Place Albert King of Poland died here in 1501. In 1645. there was a Conference here between the Lutherans Calvinists and Roman Catholicks which had no success In 1655. this Place was taken by the Swedes retaken by the Poles in 1658. by a Siege of six Months Thornbury a Market Town in Gloucestershire The Capital of its Hundred Thorne a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Strafford Thorney-Iâ—e a small Island to the East of Portsmouth in Hampshire Thou a Castle in Champagne giving name to the ancient and Honourable Family de Thou which produced the Historian Jacobus Augustus Thuanus in the last Century born in 1553. made Counsellor of State to Henry IV. of France and Commissioner at the Conference of Fontainbleau in 1600 he composed a noble History of his times from 1543. to 1608. in one hundred thirty eight Books in Latin and dyed May 17 1617. in great Honor. Thovars Duracium a City of Poictou in France upon the River Tove six Leagues beneath Salmur to the South towards Rochelle and the Confines of Anjou It gives the Title of a Duke and was lately beautified by a magnificent Castle built by the Duke de Tremolle Thoura Aremone or Emmone Armenia the Less in Asia Thrace Thracia Pieria Odrysia is a great Province of Greece called by the Italians Romania by the Greeks Rumelie and by the Turks Icella Bounded on the South by the Archipelago on the East by the Propontis and the Black Sea on the North by Bulgaria and on the West by Macedonia The Principal Cities in it are Constantinople Gallipoli Adrianople Philippopoli Selivrée and Trajanopoli two of which are the Royal Cities of the Turkish Empire The Mariza or Hebrus is its principal River Rhodope Orbelus and Haemus its most famous Mountains Abdera Cypsella and Perinthus some of its ancient Cities The Thrausi mentioned by Livy for a custom of making rejoycings for deaths and mournings for births were some of its ancient Inhabitants This Province is twenty days Journey in length from East to West and seven broad Its Soil not fruitful nor its Air pleasant Corn and Fruits by reason of the sharpness of the Air ripening slowly and yielding meanly The Story of this Country is already delivered in Constantinople and Adrianople Thrapston a Market-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Navisford upon the Eastern Banks of the River Nen. Thrasymene a Lake in Hetruria now in Ombria in the States of the Church upon the Borders of the Dukedom of Thuscany seven Miles from Perugia Hannibal obtained a Victory over Flaminius a Consul at this Lake It is now called the Lake of Perugia di Castiglione and di Passignano The Three Churches in Turcomannia or Armenia Major are three famous Monasteries near to one another three Leagues from the City Erivan upon the Borders of Persia where the Patriarch of the Armenian Christians attended by his Archbishops and Bishops living in Community resides under the protection of the King of Persia They are much visited by the Caravans that pass that way receive for their maintenance yearly a small rent of every Christian of the age of 15. and are allowed by the King of Persia steeples and ornaments to their Churches One of these Monasteries is a Nunnery for Women The Turks call the place Eguriasin Thrusk or Thirsk a Market Town and Borough in the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Budforth It had antiently a strong Castle for its security and now is represented in Parliament by two Burgesses Thryn a River in the County of Norfolk Thule is commonly understood to be Iseland in the Northern Ocean or Schetland Thur or Dur Durus a River of Switzerland which ariseth in the Valley of S John and watering Durgow falls into the Rhine two Miles above Eglisow in the Canton of Zurick Plantinus saith it falls into the Rhine at Schellenburgh Thuringia a Province of Germany called by the Natives Thuringen and Duringen It lies in the Upper Circle of Saxony between Misnia to the East Anhault and Brunswick to the North the Lower Hassia to the West and Franconia and Henneberg to the South The Capital is Erfurt under the Archbishop of Mentz In the times of the Clodovean Kings of France this Province had Kings of its own but now divided amongst many Princes Lewis the first Landâ—grave of Thuringe who died in 1055. was a Descendent of Charles the Great and thought to be the Son of Charles Duke of Lorain Brother of Lewis IV. Brother of S. Lewis V. who died in 1215. In 1423. it became united with the Dukedom of Saxony as it now is It is invironed with woody Mountains within plain pleasant and fruitful in Corn has some Mines of Gold and Silver and rich Pits of Salt so that it wants nothing but Wine About one hundred and twenty Miles square but so populous that it has twelve Earldoms one hundred and forty four Cities as many Market Towns one hundred and fifty Castles and two thousand Villages Tibarent an ancient People mentioned by Strabo and Pliny towards the Euxine Sea and Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia Neighbours to the Chalybes Tiber Tiberis is one of the most noted Rivers of Italy in the most ancient Times called Albula In those of the Roman Empire it separated Hetruria from Umbria Sabina and Latium At this day called by the Italians Tevere by the French le Tibre It ariseth from Falterona one of the Apennine Hills near Monte Corvaio a Village in the Dukedom of
by the constant Tradition of the Country thereabouts confirmed by their situation in the Plains of Shinar in Chaldaea the same Place and by their Construction in the most solid parts with Burnt-brick and Slime the same Matter with Babel expressed in Gen. xi 2. 3. The Basis of them approaches nigh to a Square containing in circuit about 1150 Paces and the height terminates almost every where in Pyramidal Points First built by the general concurrence of the Families of the Sons of Noah under Nimrod whether for an Asylum against a second Deluge or a Memorial of the former and of their Names to continue after their separation into several Parts none know according to Chronologers about the hundred and seventieth year after the Flood of Noah Whereof the Greek and Latin Poets after many Ages coming to a confused sense they embellished the Story with Fictions of Giants scaling Heaven upon Mountains laid upon Mountains It seems the Undertaking was so displeasing by the History of Genesis to God that to stop it he broke the one common universal Speech of the Builders into all the jarring and disconsonant Languages of Mankind at this day The Tower of Leander a square Fortress upon a Rock in the midst of the Hellespont betwixt the Point of the Seraglio at Constantinople and Scutari on the other side in Asia Yielding a charming Prospect of the City and Country about Constantinople The Turks guard it with several Pieces of Canon calling it in their Language Khescalasi the Castle of the Young Maid as the Europeans do the Tower of Leander in allusion to the story of Hero and Him tho it stands in a quite different place than where Leander by the Relation did swim Towridge a River in Devonshire upon which Torrington Bediford and Hatherley are all situated Trabisonda Trapezus a great City on the Euxine Sea in the Lesser Asia which is the Capital of Cappadocia Called by the Inhabitants Trabosan by the French Trebisonde by the Italians Trabisonda and Trebisonda An Archbishops See the Seat of a Turkish Governour and has a large safe Haven In 1204. Alexis Comnenus established a Kingdom over Cappadocia Paphlagonia Pontus and other Provinces with the Title of the Kingdom of Trebizonde from this its Capital City It continued under Princes of its own of the Family of Lascara from 1261. to 1460 when taken by Mahomet II. Emperor of the Turks In 1616. this City was sacked by the Cossacks It is built at the Foot of an Hill Long. 71. 06. Lat. 44. 03. Traerback a Town upon the Moselle in the County of Spanheim eighteen Miles from Luxemburgh between Trier and Coblentz The King of France's erecting a new Fort over against this Place in 1687 occasioned a great Dispute in the Imperial Diets whether it was not a Violation of the twenty years Truce tho he erected it upon the Grounds re-united to his Crown Tragonara The same with Dragonara Trajanopoli Trajanopolis a City of Thrace which is an Archbishops See upon the River Hebro or Mariza eleven German Miles beneath Adrianople to the South Now very small and not much inhabited Trajanopolis See Islenos § There was another ancient City of this Name in the Island of Sicily An Archbishops See in the time of Pope Gregory the Great The Greeks called it Draginae Trajeto Trajectum an Episcopal City in the Terra di Lavaro in the Kingdom of Naples Tralles an ancient City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus or Sardis Entirely now ruined Trani Tranium Trana a City in the Province di Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which is great and populous the See of an Archbishop It stands in a fruitful Soil upon the Adriatick Sea and had heretosore a great Haven which is now stopped with Sand. Frederick II. built a strong Castle in it to defend it against the Saracens In 1589. a Provincial Council was held here Long. 40. 39. Lat. 41. 15. Transchin a County in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Vag betwixt Silesia to the North Moravia to the South Turocz to the West and Neytracht to the East It s capital Town bears the same name Tranfissalane See Over-Yssel Transylvania Septemcastrensis Erdelia a Province of the Vpper Hungary called by the Natives Erdely by the Germans Sievenburgh by the Dutch Sevenburgh by the Poles Siedmigrodka by the Sclavonians Gradikaziemia by the Turks Ertel and by the Italians Transylvania Bounded on the North by Red Russia a Province of Poland on the East by Walachia and Moldavia on the South by the latter and Hungary on the West by the Vpper Hungary The principal Places in it are Hermanstadt Alba Julia or Weissenburgh Clausenburgh Bistriz or Besterze Schiesburgh or Segeswar Medwisch or Megies and Croonstadt or Breslaw Separated from its Neighbours by the Carpathian Hills which encompass it It s length from East to West is sixty eight French Leagues its breadth sixty two It affords great plenty of Corn Wine Cattel not destitute of Mines of Gold Silver and Salt This Prince is able to raise about twenty thousand Men for War After the Saxons who cultivated this Country very much the Romans were Masters of it in the time of Trajan The Religion prosessed ever since 1561. is the Augustane Confession but mixed with Calvinists Socinians and some that follow the Greek Rites and some Turks This Principality was separated from Hungary by John King of Hungary in 1541. In 1571. Stephen Battori Prince of Transylvania and afterwards King of Poland endeavoured in vain the re-establishment of the Roman Catholick Religion Christopher Battori his Brother and Successor founded a College of Jesuits at Clausenbourgh but dying in 1583. Sigismond Son to Christopher and Successor was constrained to disperse it in 1588. Others reckon its Princes from John Hunadies made Vaivode hereof by Vladislaus IV. Michael Abafti the twenty third Prince from John Huniades who succeeded John Kemeni in 1661 by a solemn Act given at Hermanstadt May 9. 1688 with the full consent of the States of Transylvania made an entire submission of this Country to the Emperor and the King of Hungary to endure for ever Which till then was tributary to and had its Prince after his Election by the States confirmed by the Grand Seignor Accordingly he received Imperial Garrisons into all the principal Places The said Prince dying April 1690 the States in a general Assembly resolved firmly to adhere to the Interests of the Emperor and the young Prince Son to the deceased he being confirmed by the Emperor in the Succession against all the Pretences of Count Teckely or the Ottoman Port according to the Ten or of the said Treaty And thus they remain intirely incorporated with the Crown of Hungary under the Protection of the Emperour Trapano or Trapani Drepanum a City in Sicily in the Valley of Mazara which is a celebrated Mart and has a large and safe Harbor on the Western Shoar of that Island Twenty two Miles from
the Archbishop of Seleucia now a poor Village Dominico one of the Caribby Islands in North America twenty Leagues in compass discovered by the Spaniards on a Sunday and thence so called Long. 322. 00. Lat. 14. 35. North-West of Barbadoes S. Domingo the principal City in the Island of Hispaniola built by Bartholomew Columbus in 1494. on the East Bank of the River Ozama and after in 1502. removed by Nicholas de Obando then Governor of the Island to the opposite Shoar It is situate in a pleasant Country amongst rich Pastures and has near it a safe and a large Haven enriched with the Residence of the Governour the Courts of Justice an Archbishops See many Religious Houses and an Hospital to which belongs a Revenue of twenty thousand Ducats by the year The Houses are neatly built most of Stone the Town is walled and has a Castle at the West-end of the Peer to defend the Haven It was much greater before Mexico was taken but has now not above six hundred Families of Spaniards the rest Negroes Sir Francis Drake in 1586. took it by force and kept it a Month burning a great part of the Houses and forcing the Spaniards to redeem the rest with mony Long. 305. 40. Lat. 14. 00. Domitz Domitium a strong Town not very large but well fortified in the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh on the North side of the Elbe where it receives the Elde in the Jurisdiction of the Duke of Swerine eight Miles above Lavenburgh to the West and ten from Lunenburgh to the East Dommele a River of Brabant which riseth near Peer and running North passeth by Eyndhoven or Eindoven then turning to the West it falls into the River Runne about half a Mile above Shertogenbosch through which they both pass into the Maes I find it by the Maps called De Dormale but corruptly as appeareth by L. Guicciardin and a Town a Mile above Eindoven on this River called Dommelen Domochi Domonichus a small Village in Thessalia once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa It lies South-West of Larissa and Volo and is mentioned in Mr. Morden's Map Don Tanais Donato Isaurus a River of Calabria Vlterior it falls by Cerenza and Neto into the Mediterranean Sea between Cotrone and Strongoli one Mile beneath S. Severina Donaw See Danube Donawert Donaverda Donavertia Vertia a City in Schwaben in Germany upon the Danube over which it has a Bridge it lies in the Confines of the Dukedoms of Newburgh and Bavaria seven German Miles from Auspurgh to the North and from Ingolstad to the West This City was in 1420. made a Free Imperial City by Sigismund the Emperour but in 1607. it lost this Privilege and is now subject to the Duke of Bavaria Doncaster or Dimcaster a Town in the West-Riding of Yorkshire on the River Done or Dune called by Antoninus DANVM in 759. burnt with Lightning but being by degrees rebuilt with a fair Church and Castle and becoming a Town of good Accommodations and Trade it has had the Honor of giving the Title of an Earl to James late Duke of Monmouth and some others The River Done riseth near Denbye and running South-East watereth Sheafield then turning North-East goeth by Rotheram where it takes in from the North another considerable River called as I suppose Dar or Dare then passing by Doncaster a little more East it takes in the River Went and soon after ends in the River Are at Tunbridge and both the Are and Done enter the Ouse about three Miles further thirteen Miles beneath York from which great City Doncaster stands two and twenty Miles to the South Doncheri a Town in the Territory of Retelois in Champagne towards the Frontiers of Luxembourg upon the Meuse betwixt Charleville and Sedan It is a fortified Town Done a River See Doncaster Donetz a vast River which riseth in Dikoia near Borissagorda and running Eastward turns and falls into the Tanais now called Donon Donitz too of which I shall give a further account in Tanais There is another River Donitz which riseth more East and falls into the Tanais more to the North at Gilocha Dongo a Town in Japan Donostein Menlascus a River of Guipiscoa in Spain commonly called Rio Orio Donoy Dinia See Digne Donussa Donysa a small Island in the Archipelago remarkable for nothing but the green Marble brought from thence Donzy a Town of the Duchy of Nevers in France upon a small River near the Cosne The Capital of the Territory of Donziois La Dorat oratorium a City of France in La-Marche fourteen Miles from Poictiers to the South-East and Limoges to the North upon the little River Seve Dorvie a River which falls into the Taen a River of Languedoc in France which last falls into the Garonne five Leagues above Agen. Dorchester Duronovaria a City of England in the County of Dorset upon the River Frome or Fraw about five Miles from the Sea and upon the Via Fossa a Causey of the Romans many Pieces of whose Coins have been found here It is the Capital of that Shire yet saith Mr. Camben neither great nor beautiful but certainly a Roman Town of great Antiquity which was ruined both by the Danes and Normans and once of a large compass as the Tract of the Walls and Trenches yet shew Fortified also in former times with a Castle which upon its decaying was converted into a Monastery and the Monastery afterwards demolished In the year 1645. King Charles I. created Henry Lord Pierrepont Marquiss of this Place At present it gives the Title of Countess to the Lady Catharine Sidley advanced to that Dignity by King James II. It still sends two Burgesses to Parliament and is adorned with three Parish Churches § There is another old Roman Town called Dorchester Dorcestria in Oxfordshire at the meeting of Thame and Isis nine Miles South of Oxford where the Bishoprick of Lincoln was at first settled for four hundred and sixty years before it was removed to Lincoln This last is called by Bede Civitas Dorcina by Leland Hydropolis i. e. as the word Dorchester it self also signifieth the Water-Town Dor in the Brittish Language being Water It was yielded to the Earl of Carnarvan Aug. 2. 1643. Dordogne Duranius Dordonia one of the principal Rivers of France It ariseth in the Province of Auvergne from two Fountains saith Baudrand one of which is called Dor the other Done running Westward between Limosin to the North and Auvergne to the South it takes in Chavanoy Rue Auze and Serre then entering Limosin Quercy and Perigort successively it meets Vezere and Cozere watereth Scarlat Limiel and Bergerac and so passeth to Libourne where it receiveth from the North the Lille which comes from Montignac and not far from Bourdeaux it unites with the Garronne and they send their united Streams to the Bay of Biscay or Sea of Gascogne called by the Romans Mare Aquitanicum at the Tour de Cordovan Dordrecht See Dort Dergwyn See Derwent Doria See Doira Doris
of the Asiatick Tartary and called by the Russ Ziemnoipoias that is the Girdle of the World in their Language Rhoa Edessa a City of Mesopotamia mentioned by all the ancient Geographers famous for the Story of King Abgarus very great and an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch It has had anciently many other Names at this day it is the Capital of Diarbeck or Mesopotamia under the Turk It stands in the middle between Aleppo to the West and Amida to the East In the times of the Holy War it had Counts but falling into the Hands of the Mahometans again they have reduced it into the State in which it now is Thus described by Mr. Thevenot who saw it This City is about two hours march in circuit the Walls are fair and pretty entire and form a Square within there is hardly any thing but Ruins to be seen and yet it is very populous on the South Side is a Castle upon an Hill with large and deep Ditches tho they are cut in the Rock this Castle is of a large circumference has little within it but Ruins and some pitiful old broken Guns Long. 72 30 Lat. 37. 30. Rhodes Rhodus a celebrated Island in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of the Lesser Asia near its South-West Point over against Caria having Cyprus to the East Egypt to the South and Candia to the West Of old it had very many names and is now called by the most remarkable of them About an hundred and thirty Miles in compass or as others say an hundred and ten The principal Place in it is Rhodes an Archbishop's See seated upon an insensible Ascent of a Hill near the North-East part of the Island and environed with divers other little Hills full of Springs and Fruits it sprung out of the Ruins of Jalissi an ancient City near it It has a delicate Harbor to the East and North form'd by two strong Moles approaching each other demicircularly so as to leave a Passage betwixt them for no more than a single Vessel and of old much famed for a vast Coloss or Statue of Brass of the Sun made by Chares a Lydian a Scholar of Lysippus of Sicyon seventy Cubits high which stood a-stride over the Mouth of this Harbor upon two Rocks so that the Ships failed between his Legs and this was then thought one of the seven Wonders of the World The Brass of this Statue in 654 one thousand four hundred and sixty one years after it was built when Muhavia the Saracen Sultan of Egypt had conquered the Island was carried to Alexandria in Egypt by the Saracens upon the backs of seventy two Camels having it is said been thrown down in an Earthquake which verifies the Prediction of the Oracle long before That Rhodes should be lost when that Colossus broke This Island is seated twenty Miles from the nearest Coast of Asia to the South one hundred and thirty four from Crete or Candy to the North-East and five hundred from Constantinople to the South of a most fertile Soil and so serene and pleasant an Air that as the Ancients dedicated both it and the Colossus to the Sun because not a day passes without the full displaying of his beams here so many of the chief Romans chose it for the place of their Retreat First peopled by Dodanim the Son of Javan Grandchild of Japhet before he peopled Greece After these the Empire of this Island passed to the Phaenicians who made the Inhabitants so very expert in Navigation that for some Ages they gave Law to the World and were Sovereigns of the Sea their Constitutions and Judgments in Affairs concerning the Sea being withal so just as to become incorporated afterwards into the Roman Pandects Their fear of the Macedonians made them sue to the Romans for Protection whom they served very effectually to the Ruin of the former after which they helped on the Ruin of Antiochus and withstood the flattering Fortune of Mithridates King of Pontus till at last the Roman Greatness became undisputable by this small Island and under Vespasian they were made a Roman Province It continued under the Greek Empire to which it fell in the Division till 652 when it was conquered by Muhavia the Saracen Sultan of Egypt It returned under the Greeks again during the Civil Wars of the Saracens and in 1124. was taken by the Venetians The Greeks recovered it under John Ducas about 1227. About 1283. it fell together with the Lesser Asia under the Turks In 1310. the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem when Jerusalem and all the Holy Land was lost from the Christians retook it after a Siege of four years under Fulk Villares Great Master of that Order The Turks ' ere it could be re-fortified again besieged it in which Conjuncture Amadaeus IV. Duke of Savoy bravely succoured it and to eternalize the Memory of his Victory changed the Eagles the Arms of his Predecessors into the Silver Cross of the Order of the Knights with these four Letters F. E. R. T. to signifie Fortitudo Ejus Rhodum Tenuit After this it was one of the Bulwarks of Christendom against the Turks Mahomet II. the Great attempted the Reduction of it in 1457. Again in 1480 with 100000 Men and the greatest Art and Obstinacy imaginable for 3 Months but without Success in commemoration whereof Peter d'Aubusson the then Grand Master built the Church of S. Maria della Victoria with a Chappel to the Honour of S. Pantaleon here it being upon his day that the Turks in their last Assault were defeated Nor had Solyman II. the Magnificent had any better Success in 1522 if he had not met one Andrea Amarato a discontented Traitor a Portuguese discontented at the Elevation of another to the dignity of Grand Master before him within the place who was Chancellor of the Order and betrayed their Counsels to that Prince who yet spent six Months before it and lost an infinite number of Men. And Amarato his Treason being before the Surrender discovered had his Head cut off on Oct. 30. Mr. Knolls in his Turkish History p. 391 has well described the Situation of the principal City in this Island Bellonius saith it was seated in a Plain fenced with double Walls thirteen Towers and five Bastions of great Strength and Beauty The Turks have to this day so great a Veneration for the Valor of those Knights of S. John of Jerusalem that they preserve saith he their Houses as they left them with all the Arms Paintings Statues and Inscriptions and the Walls of the City are put into the same state they were before the Siege From hence these Knights passed to Sicily and in 1530. obtained from Charles V. the Isle of Malta Two small Bays accompany the Harbour on the North and South sides The former is lock'd up by a Mole which enters into the Sea above 300 Paces bearing a Fort called The Tower of S. Nicholas built by the Order in 1464 and