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it_o be_v build_v at_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n upon_o a_o hill_n that_o stretch_v along_o the_o river_n it_o may_v be_v judge_v to_o be_v a_o ancient_a town_n by_o a_o temple_n of_o pagan_n yet_o stand_v the_o copty_v have_v there_o two_o church_n but_o very_o poor_a one_o be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n and_o the_o other_o to_o s._n pelagius_n the_o christian_a copty_v here_o may_v make_v twenty_o carache_n in_o number_n they_o be_v all_o weaver_n and_o rule_v by_o two_o archpriest_n the_o one_o name_v matthew_n and_o the_o other_o soliman_n half_n a_o mile_n from_o isne_n be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o convent_n which_o the_o copty_v say_v have_v be_v build_v by_o s._n helena_n dedicate_v to_o the_o holy_a martyr_n of_o this_o town_n who_o the_o governor_n of_o dioclesian_n massacre_v in_o such_o number_n that_o their_o dead_a corpse_n cover_v fourscore_o fiddan_n or_o acre_n of_o ground_n round_o about_o this_o buryingplace_n be_v to_o be_v see_v tomb_n curious_o wrought_v which_o they_o say_v be_v erect_v by_o this_o holy_a empress_n three_o league_n from_o isne_n be_v another_o convent_n dedicate_v to_o s._n matthew_n where_o be_v four_o or_o five_o tomb_n like_o those_o that_o we_o come_v from_o mention_v upon_o a_o altar_n stone_n of_o a_o little_a chapel_n dedicate_v to_o st._n michael_n the_o archangel_n we_o sound_v some_o character_n which_o be_v not_o hyeroglyphick_n in_o a_o language_n that_o we_o understand_v not_o about_o eleven_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o isne_n at_o the_o east_n of_o nilus_n be_v to_o be_v see_v tuot_fw-la a_o great_a town_n where_o be_v a_o temple_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n twelve_o league_n from_o tuot_fw-la at_o the_o west_n of_o nilus_n be_v arment_n heretofore_o a_o great_a town_n but_o now_o forsake_v and_o ruinate_v they_o call_v it_o in_o arabic_a bele_z muse_n or_o the_o country_n of_o moses_n because_o the_o egyptian_n believe_v that_o moses_n be_v bear_v here_o here_o be_v under_o ground_n a_o ancient_a temple_n two_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o tuot_fw-la be_v two_o village_n very_o famous_a namely_o luxor_n and_o luxor_n il_fw-fr kadim_n or_o the_o old_a luxor_n they_o be_v about_o half_a a_o league_n from_o one_o another_o at_o luxor_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o remain_n of_o a_o ancient_a and_o beautiful_a temple_n of_o the_o egyptian_n in_o which_o be_v threescore_o and_o eighteen_o pillar_n of_o a_o prodigious_a bigness_n chief_o fourteen_o place_v in_o rank_n two_o and_o two_o so_o big_a that_o six_o man_n can_v scarce_o embrace_v they_o but_o they_o be_v but_o six_o perch_n high_a the_o bottom_n of_o this_o temple_n be_v yet_o entire_a here_o be_v several_a chamber_n and_o separation_n whereof_o
which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n there_o to_o be_v note_v all_o the_o rest_n be_v so_o far_o from_o satisfy_v my_o curiosity_n that_o i_o behold_v nothing_o but_o ruin_n and_o misery_n but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o lose_v altogether_o my_o labour_n in_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o mountain_n i_o go_v to_o see_v the_o cave_n that_o be_v near_o my_o guide_n lead_v i_o into_o one_o as_o high_a as_o a_o man_n on_o horseback_n so_o extraordinary_a large_a that_o without_o hyperbole_n a_o thousand_o horse_n may_v there_o draw_v up_o in_o battle_n array_n which_o cause_v i_o to_o wonder_v not_o a_o little_a as_o soon_o as_o we_o be_v out_o of_o this_o large_a cave_n my_o guide_n lead_v i_o into_o another_o hard_a by_o large_a than_o the_o former_a when_o i_o be_v within_o about_o two_o hundred_o pace_n he_o tell_v i_o to_o hearken_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o wall_n at_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o one_o go_v in_o use_v no_o doubt_n have_v make_v he_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o place_n for_o i_o see_v no_o sign_n outward_a to_o cause_v one_o to_o mind_v it_o i_o draw_v near_o to_o listen_v and_o i_o hear_v behind_o the_o wall_n the_o noise_n as_o of_o a_o windmill_n so_o distinct_a that_o i_o marvel_v great_o only_o the_o noise_n seem_v to_o come_v from_o far_o i_o wonder_v the_o more_o when_o he_o tell_v i_o that_o behind_o this_o rock_n there_o be_v no_o empty_a place_n nor_o passage_n for_o the_o air_n to_o make_v this_o noise_n which_o have_v continue_v during_o the_o memory_n of_o man._n all_o person_n of_o who_o i_o inquire_v for_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o wonder_n tell_v i_o nothing_o else_o but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o talisman_n and_o that_o there_o be_v some_o hide_a treasure_n a_o little_a further_o towards_o the_o south_n upon_o the_o same_o mountain_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o ancient_a monastery_n dedicate_v to_o s._n severus_n patriarch_n of_o antioch_n who_o the_o copty_v reverence_n as_o a_o saint_n because_o he_o maintain_v the_o doctrine_n of_o dioscorus_n their_o patriarch_n who_o opinion_n they_o follow_v the_o bishop_n of_o siut_a tell_v i_o that_o heretofore_o three_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o monk_n inhabit_v in_o this_o monastery_n who_o employ_v themselves_o in_o seek_v for_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n and_o in_o the_o work_n of_o chemistry_n a_o excellent_a employment_n for_o such_o as_o have_v leave_v the_o world_n and_o forsake_v their_o riches_n my_o return_n from_o siut_a to_o momfallot_v the_o 26_o of_o march_n i_o return_v to_o momfallot_v with_o a_o intent_n to_o take_v boat_n for_o girge_n and_o continue_v my_o travel_n far_o i_o enter_v into_o the_o town_n about_o noon_n as_o soon_o as_o i_o be_v in_o my_o former_a lodging_n a_o man_n of_o my_o acquaintance_n give_v i_o notice_n that_o the_o christian_n of_o that_o place_n those_o very_a person_n to_o who_o i_o have_v be_v recommend_v by_o their_o patriarch_n have_v accuse_v i_o to_o the_o cascief_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o i_o be_v a_o rich_a franc_n who_o make_v it_o my_o business_n to_o run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o land_n to_o discover_v where_o the_o treasure_n be_v hide_v to_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o intend_v to_o come_v and_o conquer_v egypt_n this_o friend_n say_v also_o that_o the_o cascief_n have_v command_v to_o take_v i_o where_o ever_o i_o shall_v be_v find_v this_o wicked_a news_n make_v i_o think_v upon_o a_o retreat_n and_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o conveniency_n to_o go_v by_o water_n to_o girge_n and_o because_o the_o cascief_n may_v have_v soon_o take_v i_o on_o that_o side_n his_o jurisdiction_n reach_v a_o great_a way_n i_o go_v back_o to_o melave_n because_o his_o dominion_n be_v but_o narrow_a thitherward_o i_o take_v that_o way_n to_o return_v to_o cairo_n the_o place_n of_o my_o ordinary_a abode_n whither_o i_o go_v by_o land_n for_o i_o have_v be_v by_o water_n before_o at_o our_o go_v out_o of_o momfallot_n we_o go_v by_o om_fw-la il_fw-it cossur_n a_o village_n 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it_o begin_v i_o go_v next_o to_o tanuf_n a_o village_n where_o some_o ruin_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v and_o about_o noon_n we_o be_v at_o melave_n where_o i_o lodge_v at_o the_o occale_n or_o inn_n that_o be_v near_o the_o marketplace_n at_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o town_n near_o the_o great_a mosque_n and_o because_o the_o upper_a chamber_n be_v all_o take_v up_o by_o turk_n i_o be_v oblige_v to_o lodge_v in_o a_o very_a low_a room_n where_o i_o meet_v with_o many_o inconvenience_n because_o it_o be_v near_o the_o door_n at_o the_o passage_n of_o all_o comer_n and_o goer_n wednesday_n the_o 29_o of_o the_o month_n the_o turk_n begin_v the_o feast_n call_v eid_n il_fw-fr dehie_fw-fr or_o the_o easter_n of_o the_o victim_n for_o they_o use_v to_o kill_v sheep_n during_o this_o festival_n and_o give_v the_o flesh_n to_o the_o poor_a for_o god_n sake_n this_o festival_n continue_v three_o day_n during_o which_o time_n the_o copty_v buy_v no_o victual_n from_o the_o mahometan_n nor_o bread_n wine_n flesh_n coffee_n nor_o water_n by_o this_o they_o discover_v their_o abhorrency_n of_o that_o religion_n for_o thereby_o they_o shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o communicate_v with_o they_o at_o melave_n i_o get_v acquaintance_n with_o a_o archpriest_n of_o that_o place_n call_v nassr_n alla_fw-fr he_o be_v the_o honest_a civil_a and_o able_a man_n that_o i_o ever_o know_v of_o that_o nation_n there_o be_v about_o seven_o hundred_o carache_n or_o head_n that_o pay_v tribute_n they_o have_v there_o a_o church_n dedicace_v to_o s._n michael_n which_o be_v but_o little_a poor_a and_o obscure_a the_o river_n nilus_n swallow_v up_o heretofore_o the_o ancient_a melave_n and_o now_o the_o river_n run_v in_o the_o place_n where_o that_o town_n stand_v the_o town_n now_o be_v build_v in_o another_o place_n where_o be_v ancient_o a_o wood_n that_o be_v a_o retreat_n for_o robber_n a_o voyage_n into_o the_o low_a thebes_n i_o be_v loath_a to_o return_v to_o cairo_n without_o see_v the_o 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on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o old_a luxor_n be_v a_o town_n name_v neggade_n where_o be_v a_o bishop_n with_o about_o seventy_o family_n of_o christian_a copty_v here_o be_v yet_o three_o monastery_n one_o be_v call_v their_fw-mi il_fw-it salib_n or_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n the_o second_o their_fw-mi il_fw-fr megma_n the_o three_o their_fw-mi mary_n poctor_n but_o these_o two_o last_o be_v not_o inhabit_v two_o mile_n from_o neggade_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o nilus_n be_v the_o ancient_a town_n of_o kus_n but_o here_o be_v but_o threescore_o christian_n copty_v who_o have_v here_o a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o s._n stephen_n six_o league_n from_o neggade_n on_o this_o side_n be_v ken_n a_o village_n situate_a on_o the_o eastern_a bank_n of_o nilus_n it_o be_v a_o mart-town_n and_o the_o rendezvous_n of_o the_o caravan_n that_o go_v from_o cairo_n to_o cosseir_v heretofore_o name_v berenice_n four_o day_n journey_n from_o this_o village_n and_o a_o haven_n of_o the_o red-sea_n the_o christian_n that_o live_v at_o kenne_n be_v very_o poor_a and_o without_o any_o church_n two_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o kenne_n be_v the_o ancient_a town_n of_o tentiris_n now_o call_v dendera_fw-la where_o be_v a_o wonderful_a temple_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n of_o a_o prodigious_a bigness_n and_o height_n it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o two_o league_n distance_n macrizi_n say_v that_o it_o have_v as_o many_o window_n as_o there_o be_v day_n in_o the_o year_n they_o be_v so_o place_v that_o every_o one_o answer_n to_o a_o degree_n of_o the_o zodiac_n so_o that_o the_o sun_n rise_v in_o a_o differ_a degree_n every_o day_n of_o the_o zodiac_n it_o send_v in_o its_o beam_n into_o a_o distinct_a window_n from_o the_o day_n before_o and_o when_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n it_o have_v finish_v and_o run_v through_o every_o degree_n of_o the_o zodiac_n it_o have_v also_o from_o the_o east_n cast_v in_o its_o beam_n into_o every_o window_n of_o this_o temple_n for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o wonder_n in_o egypt_n ten_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o dendera_fw-la at_o the_o west_n of_o nilus_n be_v cassr_n a_o village_n where_o be_v a_o old_a convent_n dedicate_v to_o amba_fw-la balamon_n over_o against_o this_o village_n be_v the_o ancient_a town_n hu_o where_o be_v yet_o a_o convent_n dedicate_v to_o s._n menna_n but_o there_o be_v then_o no_o priest_n two_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o hu_o on_o the_o same_o bank_n be_v bahgiura_n at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o river_n its_o port_n be_v call_v sahel_n there_o be_v two_o convent_v one_o dedicate_v to_o s._n bidabe_n the_o other_o to_o s._n george_n at_o two_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o bahgiura_n on_o the_o same_o bank_n be_v the_o village_n beliene_n where_o be_v a_o very_a beautiful_a church_n under_o ground_n dedicate_v to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n girge_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o upper_a egypt_n stand_v six_o league_n from_o beliene_n on_o this_o side_n here_o end_v the_o relation_n of_o father_n portais_fw-fr i_o can_v wish_v that_o this_o good_a man_n have_v give_v we_o a_o more_o exact_a account_n and_o more_o at_o large_a of_o the_o rarity_n that_o he_o see_v in_o these_o place_n for_o this_o relation_n be_v superficial_a the_o 14_o of_o june_n i_o go_v at_o cairo_n to_o see_v the_o enchant_a water_v place_n call_v in_o arabic_a hove_z il_fw-fr merasset_fw-la which_o be_v under_o the_o mosque_n of_o the_o palace_n call_v kalet_fw-la it_o kebsch_n no_o taveller_n have_v over_o speak_v of_o it_o it_o be_v a_o black_a marblestone_n make_v like_o a_o water_v place_n seven_o foot_n long_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n about_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a the_o side_n within_o and_o without_o be_v adorn_v with_o little_a hieroglyphic_n letter_n as_o well_o as_o the_o brim_n the_o people_n of_o cairo_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n the_o sick_a people_n do_v recover_v their_o health_n by_o drink_v water_n out_o of_o it_o and_o that_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o rassem_fw-la or_o charm_n which_o the_o priest_n of_o egypt_n have_v give_v to_o it_o the_o 20_o of_o this_o month_n i_o go_v to_o see_v the_o wonderful_a well_o which_o be_v in_o the_o castle_n common_o name_v joseph_n well_n it_o be_v top_n be_v square_a very_o large_a cut_v in_o the_o rock_n it_o be_v about_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o perch_n deep_a the_o perch_n contain_v six_o foot_n the_o water_n be_v draw_v out_o with_o two_o wheel_n the_o one_o place_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o and_o the_o other_o about_o threescore_o and_o fifteen_o perch_n underneath_o there_o be_v two_o ox_n at_o each_o wheel_n
the_o present_a state_n of_o egypt_n or_o a_o new_a relation_n of_o a_o late_a voyage_n into_o that_o kingdom_n perform_v in_o the_o year_n 1672._o and_o 1673._o by_o f._n vansleb_n r._n d._n wherein_o you_o have_v a_o exact_a and_o true_a account_n of_o many_o rare_a and_o wonderful_a particular_n of_o that_o ancient_a kingdom_n english_v by_o m._n d._n b._n d._n london_n print_v by_o r._n e._n for_o john_n starkey_n at_o the_o mitre_n in_o fleetstreet_n near_o temple-bar_n 1678._o to_o the_o reader_n ingenuous_a reader_n to_o thou_o alone_o i_o recommend_v the_o perusal_n of_o this_o journal_n which_o not_o only_a myself_o but_o some_o other_o judicious_a person_n have_v think_v worthy_a to_o appear_v in_o our_o tongue_n and_o among_o the_o curioso_n of_o our_o nation_n the_o author_n be_v well_o know_v to_o be_v a_o man_n of_o integrity_n and_o one_o that_o scorn_v to_o impose_v upon_o the_o world_n a_o untruth_n of_o which_o in_o this_o occasion_n nothing_o can_v tempt_v he_o to_o be_v guilty_a if_o therefore_o some_o particular_n look_v with_o a_o strange_a and_o unprobable_a countenance_n be_v not_o so_o unsociable_a in_o thy_o persuasion_n as_o to_o reject_v whatsoever_o thou_o have_v no_o demonstration_n to_o prove_v a_o ridiculous_a humour_n and_o a_o pernicious_a rule_n which_o tend_v to_o deprive_v we_o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o many_o knowledge_n both_o in_o divine_a and_o humane_a matter_n it_o be_v unlikely_a that_o such_o a_o person_n of_o discretion_n and_o interest_n in_o the_o world_n as_o he_o be_v know_v to_o be_v shall_v so_o much_o forget_v his_o reason_n as_o to_o subscribe_v his_o name_n to_o such_o falsehood_n as_o may_v be_v easy_o discover_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o ordinary_a abode_n i_o confess_v some_o observation_n be_v trivial_a and_o ordinary_a but_o other_o will_v prove_v satisfactory_a to_o such_o worthy_a soul_n as_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o world_n and_o foreign_a nation_n this_o country_n of_o egypt_n have_v heretofore_o be_v the_o rich_a magazine_n of_o learning_n as_o well_o as_o of_o provision_n it_o have_v flourish_v in_o all_o manual_a art_n and_o the_o rare_a science_n no_o doubt_n but_o that_o there_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v some_o monument_n of_o the_o primitive_a grandeur_n and_o learning_n of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n as_o therefore_o vanslebius_fw-la have_v judge_v they_o worthy_a to_o be_v visit_v in_o his_o travel_n and_o afterward_o of_o this_o account_n which_o he_o give_v in_o print_n i_o think_v they_o not_o unworthy_a of_o thy_o knowledge_n which_o thou_o may_v perhaps_o improve_v in_o the_o interpretation_n of_o some_o obscure_a passage_n of_o holy_a writ_n and_o for_o other_o purpose_n according_a to_o thy_o profession_n vale_fw-la m._n d._n the_o present_a state_n of_o egypt_n or_o a_o new_a relation_n or_o journal_n of_o the_o travel_n of_o father_n vansleb_n through_o egypt_n in_o the_o year_n 1671._o about_o the_o 8_o of_o may_n i_o be_v at_o marseilles_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o sail_v again_o into_o egypt_n for_o that_o purpose_n i_o find_v a_o opportunity_n the_o ship_n the_o three_o king_n command_v by_o a_o age_a captain_n name_v artaut_n be_v ready_a to_o depart_v for_o alexandretta_n i_o go_v aboard_o and_o set_v sail_n from_o the_o port_n the_o 20_o of_o the_o same_o month_n straight_o towards_o malta_n where_o we_o remain_v five_o day_n and_o after_o direct_v our_o course_n to_o lernica_n in_o the_o island_n of_o cyprus_n where_o the_o french_a merchant_n make_v their_o abode_n on_o the_o seaside_n look_v towards_o the_o south_n we_o arrive_v the_o 17_o of_o june_n as_o soon_o as_o i_o set_v foot_n ashore_o i_o fall_v desperate_o sick_a of_o a_o ordinary_a disease_n to_o all_o stranger_n proceed_v from_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o they_o but_o my_o distemper_n can_v not_o hinder_v i_o from_o go_v to_o nicosia_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o island_n when_o i_o feel_v my_o malady_n increase_v every_o day_n and_o the_o rather_o through_o the_o dangerous_a infection_n of_o the_o plague_n which_o be_v then_o in_o the_o island_n i_o resolve_v to_o be_v carry_v to_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n the_o near_a and_o most_o convenient_a port_n where_o the_o french_a nation_n have_v a_o consul_n while_o i_o be_v at_o nicosia_n captain_n artaut_n be_v depart_v with_o his_o ship_n for_o alexandretta_n and_o the_o 26_o of_o june_n i_o go_v aboard_o another_o ship_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o lernica_n and_o the_o next_o day_n with_o a_o favourable_a wind_n we_o land_v at_o tripoli_n though_o i_o have_v forsake_v the_o infectious_a island_n the_o disease_n of_o my_o body_n forsake_v i_o not_o but_o grow_v to_o that_o pass_n that_o i_o prepare_v myself_o as_o christianity_n enjoin_v we_o to_o leave_v the_o world_n nevertheless_o at_o the_o end_n of_o 35_o day_n my_o distemper_n be_v weary_a to_o torment_v i_o suffer_v i_o to_o recover_v a_o little_a strength_n and_o though_o i_o be_v but_o weak_a i_o go_v aboard_o a_o ship_n bind_v for_o aleppo_n the_o first_o of_o septemb_n arrive_v the_o 13_o and_o abode_n there_o four_o month_n about_o the_o last_o of_o decemb._n i_o go_v to_o damascus_n where_o i_o remain_v a_o month_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o seyda_o where_o i_o be_v also_o two_o month_n my_o purpose_n be_v not_o to_o give_v any_o account_n of_o the_o curiosity_n of_o lernica_n of_o nicosia_n of_o tripoli_n of_o aleppo_n of_o damascus_n and_o of_o seyda_o these_o town_n be_v sufficient_o know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n by_o the_o many_o relation_n already_o publish_v of_o the_o levant_n country_n beside_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o time_n of_o my_o abode_n there_o together_o with_o the_o inconveniency_n of_o a_o quartan_a fever_n which_o keep_v i_o company_n sixteen_o month_n suffer_v i_o not_o to_o inquire_v into_o any_o such_o matter_n i_o shall_v therefore_o in_o this_o treatise_n give_v a_o account_n only_o of_o what_o curiosity_n i_o have_v see_v in_o egypt_n where_o during_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o month_n i_o have_v have_v the_o leisure_n and_o opportunity_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n with_o the_o great_a exactness_n and_o care_n imaginable_a which_o have_v never_o be_v do_v of_o this_o famous_a and_o beautiful_a country_n till_o now_o the_o 19_o day_n of_o february_n 1672._o i_o take_v ship_n at_o seyda_o a_o town_n of_o phoenicia_n to_o sail_v for_o damietta_n in_o egypt_n but_o a_o contrary_a wind_n rise_v and_o bring_v we_o back_o to_o seyda_o again_o where_o we_o remain_v till_o the_o 16_o of_o march_n i_o go_v then_o aboard_o and_o meet_v with_o a_o favourable_a gale_n that_o drive_v we_o very_o happy_o to_o bogas_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n i_o think_v it_o convenient_a before_o we_o proceed_v to_o give_v a_o general_a account_n and_o description_n of_o egypt_n that_o the_o thing_n that_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o mention_v may_v better_o be_v understand_v a_o general_n description_n of_o egypt_n i_o be_o one_o of_o the_o three_o son_n of_o noah_n have_v four_o child_n male_n cus_n misraim_n name_v by_o the_o arab_n beidar_n fut_o and_o canaan_n cus_n be_v the_o father_n of_o the_o abyssins_n misraim_n of_o the_o copty_v and_o nubians_n fut_o of_o the_o african_n and_o canaan_n of_o the_o syrian_n and_o their_o neighbour_n misraim_n after_o the_o deluge_n as_o macrisi_n a_o arabian_a historian_n say_v pitch_v upon_o egypt_n make_v there_o his_o abode_n and_o leave_v it_o and_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o the_o far_a part_n of_o africa_n to_o his_o posterity_n he_o have_v likewise_o four_o son_n ischemun_n atrib_o sá_n and_o coptus_n unto_o who_o he_o divide_v the_o land_n of_o egypt_n in_o four_o equal_a part_n coptus_n have_v all_o that_o tract_n of_o land_n from_o isvan_n to_o the_o city_n of_o coptus_n to_o ischemun_n he_o allot_v the_o country_n from_o that_o city_n to_o menuf_n to_o atrib_o he_o give_v the_o heart_n and_o middle_n of_o egypt_n now_o call_v delta_n and_o to_o sá_n he_o appoint_v all_o the_o continent_n from_o the_o province_n of_o beheire_n as_o far_o as_o barbary_n they_o all_o build_a city_n in_o their_o several_a dominion_n call_v they_o by_o their_o own_o name_n we_o shall_v mention_v they_o in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o their_o father_n the_o four_o brother_n be_v at_o variance_n about_o the_o sovereignty_n neither_o of_o they_o can_v endure_v a_o partner_n at_o last_o they_o resolve_v to_o end_v their_o controversy_n by_o a_o battle_n which_o be_v to_o give_v the_o chief_a command_n to_o the_o victor_n coptus_fw-la the_o young_a overcome_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n and_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o they_o as_o their_o chief_a lord_n he_o choose_v the_o city_n
of_o menuf_n or_o memphis_n where_o his_o father_n live_v as_o his_o royal_a seat_n from_o this_o king_n coptus_n all_o the_o race_n of_o the_o egyptian_n be_v now_o call_v copty_v likewise_o from_o this_o first_o king_n the_o greek_n have_v give_v the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n by_o change_v the_o k_o into_o g_z which_o be_v the_o custom_n not_o only_o of_o this_o language_n but_o also_o of_o the_o arabian_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o word_n nekkade_n and_o dunkala_n write_v in_o arabian_a with_o a_o k_o and_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v pronounce_v in_o discourse_n neggade_n and_o dungala_n as_o if_o they_o be_v write_v with_o a_o g._n they_o be_v the_o name_n of_o two_o town_n the_o one_o in_o the_o upper_a egypt_n and_o the_o other_o in_o nubia_n the_o moor_n and_o copty_v natural_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n call_v it_o massr_n from_o misraim_n the_o son_n of_o cham_n and_o the_o grandchild_n of_o noah_n who_o first_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o it_o after_o the_o deluge_n and_o from_o the_o same_o misraim_n the_o turk_n have_v name_v it_o missir_n and_o the_o jew_n eretz_n misraim_n the_o country_n of_o misraim_n egypt_n be_v situate_a in_o africa_n according_a to_o the_o common_a and_o ordinary_a opinion_n nevertheless_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n have_v place_v it_o part_n in_o africa_n and_o part_n in_o asia_n make_v the_o river_n nilus_n as_o the_o bound_n between_o these_o two_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n egypt_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o nubia_n and_o the_o last_o city_n of_o egypt_n be_v isvan_n call_v by_o the_o european_n see_z which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o bay_n of_o girge_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v the_o province_n of_o vah_o and_o barca_n and_o on_o the_o east_n be_v the_o desert_n that_o divide_v it_o from_o palestina_n and_o on_o the_o north_n be_v part_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n it_o stretch_v itself_o in_o length_n from_o the_o city_n of_o isvan_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n at_o rosetta_n in_o a_o straight_a line_n that_o be_v from_o south_n to_o north_n about_o five_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o mile_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o declare_v it_o precise_o because_o they_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o measure_v the_o country_n by_o miles_n or_o by_o league_n but_o by_o the_o camel_n journey_n only_o i_o say_v here_o nothing_o but_o according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o author_n that_o have_v examine_v it_o it_o be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o divan_n or_o treasury_n into_o three_o part_n 1._o into_o say_fw-la or_o the_o upper_a egypt_n which_o begin_v at_o sint_fw-la and_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o isvan_n 2._o into_o vostani_n or_o the_o middle_a egypt_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o say_a and_o cairo_n and_o 3._o into_o bahri_n or_o inferior_a egypt_n the_o middle_n begin_v at_o gize_v a_o village_n over_o against_o boulac_n and_o reach_n as_o far_o as_o momfallon_n and_o the_o low_a commence_v at_o cairo_n and_o include_v alexandria_n and_o damietta_n the_o upper_a egypt_n or_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v habitable_a and_o useful_a be_v very_o narrow_a in_o the_o wide_a part_n a_o horse_n in_o four_o hour_n may_v pass_v over_o it_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v not_o above_o three_o hour_n ride_v and_o the_o country_n in_o both_o side_n be_v wild_a sandy_a and_o hilly_a i_o can_v give_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o its_o wideness_n in_o the_o middle_n but_o yet_o i_o be_o persuade_v it_o be_v not_o much_o large_a nor_o wide_a than_o the_o high_a part_n for_o be_v situate_v between_o both_o egypt_n begin_v to_o grow_v wide_a about_o cairo_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o middle_n be_v not_o much_o wide_a than_o the_o upper_a part_n unless_o it_o be_v about_o the_o cascieflik_a of_o fiúm_n where_o egypt_n in_o the_o middle_n begin_v to_o be_v wide_a but_o yet_o i_o can_v give_v any_o exact_a account_n of_o it_o the_o inferior_a part_n be_v wide_a the_o inhabitant_n reckon_v about_o 70_o mile_n from_o damietta_n to_o alexandria_n the_o most_o western-town_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n a_o learned_a person_n of_o this_o age_n in_o a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o nilus_n have_v very_o well_o prove_v against_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n that_o the_o low_a egypt_n have_v always_o be_v and_o be_v not_o a_o new_a gift_n of_o nilus_n he_o ground_n his_o opinion_n first_o upon_o homerus_n who_o mention_n the_o old_a city_n of_o canopus_n which_o be_v at_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a entrance_n into_o nilus_n from_o the_o sea_n second_o upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o moses_n and_o david_n ps_n 77._o who_o have_v mention_v the_o city_n of_o tanis_n where_o be_v pharaoh_n court_n and_o where_o god_n perform_v great_a wonder_n egypt_n be_v always_o govern_v by_o king_n but_o the_o royal_a seat_n have_v not_o always_o continue_v the_o same_o for_o the_o conqueror_n have_v alter_v they_o according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n the_o first_o royal_a city_n as_o macrisi_n say_v be_v amsus_n but_o the_o water_n of_o the_o deluge_n have_v ruin_v it_o the_o posterity_n of_o noah_n build_v menuf_n or_o memphis_n which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o the_o race_n of_o coptus_n till_o nabuchodonozor_n have_v sack_v it_o when_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v build_v alexandria_n he_o make_v it_o the_o principal_a city_n where_o all_o the_o succeed_a king_n of_o the_o greek_n make_v their_o residence_n for_o nine_o hundred_o year_n till_o the_o arabian_n have_v take_v egypt_n and_o make_v fostat_fw-ge metropolis_n but_o when_o giauher_o the_o general_n of_o meez_fw-fr le_fw-fr din-alla_a have_v build_v cairo_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o hegeira_n 362._o he_o call_v it_o there_fw-mi il_fw-fr memleke_n that_o be_v the_o royal_a seat_n which_o it_o have_v be_v ever_o since_o egypt_n have_v be_v govern_v by_o three_o several_a sort_n of_o mahometan_a prince_n since_o the_o arabian_n take_v it_o from_o the_o greek_n the_o first_o be_v name_v omara_n massr_n or_o lord_n of_o egypt_n without_o any_o other_o title_n they_o be_v all_o arabian_n and_o successor_n of_o amru_n ibn_n il_fw-fr ass_n who_o be_v the_o first_o conqueror_n and_o after_o to_o abu_n il_fw-fr fevares_n the_o last_o of_o that_o race_n we_o reckon_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o prince_n of_o egypt_n during_o the_o space_n of_o 337_o year_n seven_o month_n and_o twenty_o day_n their_o conquest_n happen_v about_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o hegeira_n and_o end_v in_o the_o year_n 358._o they_o all_o dwell_v at_o fostat_n masser_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o second_o race_n of_o the_o arabian_n be_v call_v caliphs_n they_o begin_v to_o take_v that_o title_n when_o general_n abuhassein_fw-fr giauher_n have_v build_v cairo_n by_o the_o order_n of_o meez_fw-fr le_fw-fr din-alba_a who_o be_v then_o prince_n of_o barbary_n and_o conquer_a egypt_n and_o take_v it_o from_o the_o arabian_n egypt_n be_v afterward_o govern_v by_o its_o caliphs_n about_o 108_o year_n 4_o month_n and_o 22_o day_n that_o be_v to_o the_o death_n of_o adet_n le_fw-fr din-alla_a who_o be_v the_o last_o and_o eleven_o caliph_n the_o three_o sort_n name_v sultan_n or_o sultan_n succeed_v immediate_o after_o of_o they_o there_o have_v be_v of_o four_o nation_n the_o first_o who_o be_v the_o posterity_n of_o a_o certain_a eijub_n be_v call_v sultan_n curd_n the_o second_o come_v from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n &_o be_v name_v mamaluk_n turk_n because_o they_o have_v be_v before_o slave_n and_o sell_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o constantinople_n to_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v bring_v up_o and_o instruct_v in_o all_o martial_a discipline_n when_o the_o king_n be_v dead_a one_o of_o these_o slave_n be_v choose_v to_o succeed_v in_o the_o throne_n the_o three_o sort_n be_v style_v mamaluk_n circassian_n because_o they_o come_v original_o from_o circassia_n and_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o merchant_n as_o the_o former_a and_o sell_v also_o as_o slave_n to_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v also_o train_v up_o as_o the_o former_a unto_o who_o they_o succeed_v in_o the_o regal_a dignity_n and_o command_n the_o four_o sort_n who_o be_v now_o in_o possession_n be_v the_o sultan_n of_o the_o race_n of_o ottoman_a who_o overcome_v the_o circassian_n sultan_n in_o the_o year_n 922._o of_o the_o hegeira_n for_o sultan_n selim_n conquer_a this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o year_n 1517._o egypt_n be_v inhabit_v at_o present_a by_o copty_v moor_n arabian_n turk_n greek_n jew_n and_o frank_n and_o other_o strange_a nation_n but_o as_o they_o be_v not_o numerous_a they_o deserve_v not_o to_o be_v mention_v the_o copty_v or_o copt_v be_v the_o natural_a
inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n thus_o call_v as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v of_o coptus_n the_o son_n of_o misraim_n who_o be_v king_n of_o egypt_n after_o his_o father_n the_o moor_n who_o be_v name_v by_o the_o arabian_n aulad_a ill_a arab_n or_o child_n of_o the_o arabian_n be_v likewise_o as_o well_o as_o the_o copty_v descend_v from_o the_o same_o father_n but_o they_o be_v become_v mahumetan_n and_o it_o may_v be_v since_o they_o have_v conquer_a egypt_n there_o be_v some_o among_o they_o yet_o that_o be_v come_v from_o the_o arabian_n the_o arabian_n be_v a_o people_n of_o arabia_n and_o though_o they_o live_v in_o egypt_n they_o have_v no_o communication_n with_o the_o moor_n who_o be_v original_o of_o the_o country_n they_o be_v of_o many_o differ_a generation_n govern_v by_o their_o several_a chieftain_n who_o i_o shall_v mention_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n the_o turk_n have_v establish_v themselves_o there_o since_o sultan_n selimus_n conquer_v egypt_n these_o govern_v the_o country_n defend_v it_o and_o act_n in_o all_o office_n of_o state_n the_o greek_n that_o live_v there_o now_o and_o that_o make_v yet_o profession_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v be_v invite_v thither_o by_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o egypt_n for_o there_o be_v no_o sign_n of_o the_o ancient_a greek_n who_o establish_v themselves_o there_o when_o alexander_n the_o great_a conquer_a egypt_n if_o there_o be_v any_o they_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o copty_v and_o be_v call_v by_o their_o name_n and_o because_o the_o greekish_a emperor_n that_o follow_v the_o council_n of_o chalcedonia_n be_v glad_a to_o encourage_v a_o party_n in_o egypt_n against_o the_o copty_v swear_v enemy_n of_o that_o council_n they_o protect_v there_o the_o greek_n that_o go_v thither_o from_o greece_n that_o submit_v to_o that_o council_n and_o give_v they_o mean_n to_o establish_v themselves_o in_o this_o kingdom_n since_o that_o time_n the_o greekish_a religion_n have_v be_v there_o profess_v the_o jew_n have_v always_o live_v there_o at_o present_a they_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o be_v in_o great_a repute_n chief_o at_o cairo_n and_o in_o the_o maritime_a town_n but_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o such_o place_n there_o be_v none_o to_o be_v find_v for_o if_o their_o occasion_n call_v they_o into_o the_o country_n they_o usual_o disguise_v and_o hide_v themselves_o for_o when_o the_o countrypeople_n find_v they_o out_o they_o abuse_v and_o affront_v they_o strange_o the_o copty_v at_o present_a in_o egypt_n be_v not_o numerous_a in_o comparison_n of_o what_o they_o have_v be_v heretofore_o for_o in_o the_o day_n of_o amru_n ibn_n il_fw-fr ass_n who_o take_v this_o country_n from_o the_o greek_n there_o be_v of_o this_o nation_n six_o hundred_o thousand_o that_o pay_v he_o tribute_n but_o now_o according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o their_o own_o patriarch_n there_o be_v scarce_o ten_o or_o fifteen_o thousand_o one_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o decrease_n be_v their_o constancy_n in_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n their_o governor_n be_v so_o furious_a against_o they_o for_o that_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v put_v to_o death_n million_o at_o a_o time_n for_o the_o history_n tell_v we_o of_o the_o governor_n under_o dioclesian_n the_o emperor_n who_o massacre_v in_o one_o night_n at_o christmas_n fourscore_o thousand_o who_o be_v bury_v upon_o mount_n achmim_n in_o the_o upper_a egypt_n and_o at_o another_o time_n near_o isna_n either_o the_o same_o governor_n or_o another_o put_v to_o death_n so_o many_o that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v number_v for_o they_o cover_v fourscore_o fiddan_n or_o furlong_n with_o their_o dead_a martyr_a body_n the_o fiddan_n in_o egypt_n contain_v 400_o cassab_n or_o yard_n every_o yard_n be_v 6_o cubit_n another_o cause_n of_o their_o decrease_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o christian_a emperor_n be_v their_o obstinacy_n in_o maintain_v the_o error_n of_o dioscorus_n one_o of_o their_o patriarch_n concern_v one_o nature_n one_o will_n and_o person_n in_o jesus_n christ_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o suffer_v almost_o the_o same_o destruction_n as_o they_o have_v do_v former_o under_o the_o heathen_a emperor_n for_o the_o christian_a faith_n for_o when_o the_o greek_a emperor_n offer_v to_o force_v they_o to_o leave_v the_o error_n of_o dioscorus_n and_o to_o embrace_v the_o faith_n establish_v in_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedone_n and_o when_o they_o find_v they_o disobedient_a and_o inflexible_a they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o sword_n to_o compass_v their_o design_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o emperor_n justinian_n as_o macriz_n say_v in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o patriarch_n cause_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o copty_v to_o be_v kill_v at_o alexandria_n for_o that_o very_a purpose_n i_o shall_v not_o mention_v the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o other_o emperor_n his_o successor_n exercise_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o such_o as_o survive_v after_o such_o like_a massacre_n when_o they_o see_v the_o danger_n that_o attend_v the_o profession_n of_o this_o opinion_n and_o of_o appear_v in_o the_o city_n they_o retreat_v into_o the_o wilderness_n or_o withdraw_v themselves_o into_o the_o monastery_n in_o despair_n to_o lead_v a_o monastical_a life_n without_o marriage_n or_o think_v to_o propagate_v their_o nation_n after_o this_o the_o mahometan_a king_n and_o prince_n that_o have_v govern_v egypt_n since_o the_o christian_a emperor_n when_o they_o find_v they_o rebellious_a against_o their_o government_n have_v not_o spare_v they_o they_o have_v kill_v the_o chief_a sell_v for_o slave_n the_o wife_n and_o child_n of_o other_o so_o that_o the_o weak_a sort_n have_v be_v force_v to_o turn_v mahometan_n by_o this_o mean_n after_o so_o many_o evil_n this_o nation_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o very_a small_a number_n they_o be_v ancient_o heathen_n every_o city_n have_v a_o god_n to_o adore_v abusir_n or_o the_o old_a busiris_n worship_v a_o calf_n alexandria_n the_o ancient_a racotis_n adore_v serapis_n of_o stone_n achmim_n which_o be_v the_o old_a panos_n acknowledge_v apollo_n bana_n worship_v a_o dog_n bassa_n or_o the_o old_a bubastis_n have_v for_o god_n a_o lion_n of_o stone_n eida_o adore_a serapis_n ischemunein_a which_o be_v the_o ancient_a hermopolis_n worship_v a_o man_n of_o stone_n isvan_n call_v by_o the_o copty_v sevan_n reverence_v the_o tree_n lebaca_n cous_fw-la worship_v the_o moon_n and_o star_n mindadi_n the_o figtree_n of_o pharaoh_n memphis_n a_o calf_n atrib_o or_o the_o old_a atribis_n adore_v a_o calf_n of_o stone_n semennut_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a sebennis_n worship_v a_o calf_n of_o brass_n sa_o a_o hog_n of_o stone_n tuba_fw-la have_v a_o respect_n for_o the_o water_n and_o all_o that_o be_v therein_o i_o have_v take_v all_o these_o particular_n out_o of_o a_o old_a manuscript_n in_o arabic_a that_o i_o have_v see_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n anthony_n but_o since_o the_o come_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n they_o have_v be_v some_o of_o the_o first_o that_o have_v embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n at_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o apostle_n s_o mark_n they_o have_v continue_v in_o the_o right_a faith_n till_o dioscorus_n their_o patriarch_n fall_v into_o this_o heresy_n that_o in_o jesus_n christ_n there_o be_v but_o one_o nature_n one_o substance_n one_o will_v and_o one_o operation_n this_o error_n with_o its_o author_n be_v condemn_v in_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedone_n and_o such_o as_o receive_v it_o be_v count_v as_o heretic_n by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n therefore_o they_o have_v be_v persecute_v by_o the_o christian_a emperor_n in_o time_n past_a but_o because_o i_o treat_v more_o ample_o of_o their_o belief_n and_o ecclesiastical_a ceremony_n in_o another_o book_n name_v the_o church_n of_o alexandria_n which_o i_o compose_v for_o that_o purpose_n when_o i_o be_v at_o cairo_n therefore_o i_o will_v say_v no_o more_o at_o present_a the_o egyptian_n have_v often_o change_v their_o language_n the_o first_o and_o ancient_a language_n of_o the_o country_n be_v that_o of_o the_o copty_v which_o be_v use_v all_o the_o time_n that_o their_o king_n reign_v in_o egypt_n but_o when_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v subdue_v that_o country_n they_o be_v force_v to_o learn_v the_o speech_n of_o their_o conqueror_n which_o be_v the_o greek_a since_o common_o speak_v in_o egypt_n above_o nine_o hundred_o year_n till_o the_o arabian_n have_v drive_v away_o the_o greek_n they_o bring_v in_o the_o arabian_a tongue_n which_o be_v now_o common_o use_v of_o saida_n or_o the_o upper_a egypt_n say_a in_o arabic_a signify_v a_o place_n or_o a_o country_n high_a and_o above_o another_o therefore_o because_o the_o upper_a egypt_n be_v high_a and_o above_o the_o low_a it_o bear_v this_o name_n the_o arabian_n call_v it_o yet_o vogh_o ill_a ard_n or_o the_o face_n of_o the_o country_n
be_v situate_a on_o the_o south_n of_o cairo_n the_o hogia_n or_o priest_n of_o mahomet_n turn_v that_o way_n their_o face_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o call_v the_o congregation_n to_o prayer_n because_o mecha_n be_v towards_o the_o south_n in_o respect_n of_o all_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o ottoman_a empire_n giaf_a ibn_n daleb_n a_o arabian_a historian_n say_v that_o it_o be_v twelve_o day_n journey_n long_o as_o they_o march_v with_o camel_n in_o egypt_n but_o it_o be_v not_o above_o four_o hour_n travel_v from_o side_n to_o side_n in_o the_o country_n that_o be_v inhabit_v for_o if_o we_o shall_v comprehend_v in_o the_o breadth_n the_o mountain_n of_o sand_n on_o the_o east_n and_o west_n it_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n broad_a than_o we_o have_v say_v the_o city_n of_o isvan_n be_v the_o far_a confine_v towards_o the_o south_n which_o be_v in_o the_o cascieflick_a of_o ibrîm_n on_o the_o east_n it_o stretch_v forth_o as_o far_o as_o the_o red-sea_n and_o on_o the_o west_n as_o far_o as_o the_o province_n of_o vah_o the_o chief_a city_n heretofore_o be_v hú_fw-it whereof_o i_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o more_o at_o large_a but_o now_o the_o capital_a city_n be_v girge_n where_o live_v the_o sangiac-bey_n that_o govern_v it_o ancient_o certain_a prince_n rule_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o arabian_n call_v in_o their_o language_n omara_n say_v they_o dwell_v then_o at_o hú_fw-it which_o be_v the_o old_a diospolis_n surname_v the_o upper_a distant_a from_o girgé_fw-fr about_o a_o day_n journey_n and_o on_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n as_o we_o go_v up_o but_o when_o girgé_fw-fr be_v enlarge_v by_o time_n and_o hú_fw-it fell_z to_o decay_v the_o prince_n of_o say_a settle_v their_o abode_n at_o girgé_fw-fr which_o have_v be_v always_o the_o chief_a city_n since_o that_o time_n till_o now_o about_o fifty_o year_n ago_o the_o turk_n drive_v away_o from_o thence_o those_o arabian_a prince_n and_o in_o their_o stead_n they_o put_v the_o sangiacbeys_a who_o be_v natural_a turk_n the_o first_o be_v name_v soliman-gianballat_a this_o put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o mistake_n of_o james_n albertus_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o egypt_n he_o say_v that_o say_a be_v about_o 60_o year_n ago_o a_o kingdom_n of_o itself_o to_o which_o the_o grand_a signior_n do_v usual_o assign_v a_o pacha_n this_o error_n have_v no_o ground_n first_o because_o in_o all_o the_o history_n ancient_a and_o new_a of_o the_o arabian_n the_o province_n of_o say_a be_v never_o name_v memleke_a a_o kingdom_n nor_o pachalick_fw-mi the_o government_n of_o a_o pacha_n but_o only_o arde_n say_v i._n e._n the_o country_n of_o say_a and_o its_o ruler_n be_v not_o name_v king_n or_o pachas_n but_o only_o omara_n say_v or_o prince_n of_o say_a second_o because_o all_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o turkish_a race_n who_o have_v govern_v it_o since_o the_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o arabian_a prince_n be_v never_o call_v in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o divan_n nor_o of_o the_o common_a people_n otherwise_o than_o sangiacbeys_a two_o only_o except_v who_o be_v name_v pachas_n because_o they_o have_v be_v pachas_n before_o they_o be_v the_o governor_n of_o this_o province_n and_o though_o they_o do_v bear_v this_o title_n they_o be_v always_o subject_a to_o the_o pachas_n of_o grand_a cairo_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o province_n of_o say_a be_v very_o large_a and_o if_o it_o be_v all_o inhabit_v and_o all_o manure_v as_o be_v the_o low_a egypt_n its_o bey_n may_v contend_v with_o the_o pacha_n of_o cairo_n for_o pre-eminence_n they_o have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o free_v themselves_o from_o his_o command_n but_o because_o the_o inhabit_a country_n be_v very_o narrow_a and_o the_o village_n and_o town_n ruinate_v they_o can_v never_o succeed_v in_o their_o design_n nevertheless_o the_o government_n be_v much_o like_o that_o of_o the_o pachas_n of_o cairo_n for_o he_o have_v the_o same_o officer_n to_o attend_v he_o a_o chiaoux-bachi_n or_o a_o captain_n of_o the_o chiaoux_n a_o interpreter_n a_o aga_n of_o the_o janissary_n and_o other_o aga_n of_o the_o military_a order_n name_v in_o their_o language_n boulouk_n who_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o soldiery_n of_o cairo_n and_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o divan_n he_o have_v likewise_o his_o divan_n catebi_n or_o chancellor_n and_o in_o truth_n he_o have_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o pacha_n but_o he_o have_v not_o the_o title_n nor_o the_o quality_n nor_o ever_o have_v this_o bey_n give_v to_o the_o pacha_n of_o cairo_n as_o james_n albertus_n say_v forty_o purse_n every_o year_n beside_o he_o send_v he_o fifty_o horse_n fifty_o mule_n and_o one_o hundred_o camel_n he_o give_v also_o ten_o purse_n to_o his_o kehaja_n and_o his_o aga_n and_o for_o the_o tax_n of_o his_o country_n he_o pay_v to_o the_o divan_n of_o cairo_n one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o ardeb_n of_o wheat_n and_o when_o he_o give_v other_o grain_n he_o deliver_v one_o ardeb_n and_o a_o half_a instead_o of_o one_o ardeb_n of_o wheat_n and_o beside_o he_o send_v four_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o purse_n each_o purse_n contain_v five_o hundred_o crown_n and_o when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o his_o government_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o cause_v all_o the_o land_n of_o his_o government_n to_o be_v sow_o which_o the_o river_n have_v water_v and_o for_o his_o expense_n the_o divan_n give_v he_o a_o allowance_n of_o the_o cascief_n of_o egypt_n in_o regard_v the_o word_n cascief_n be_v often_o repeat_v in_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v think_v it_o needful_a before_o i_o proceed_v any_o far_a in_o the_o general_a description_n of_o egypt_n to_o mention_v its_o origine_fw-la and_o the_o number_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o cascief_n by_o this_o mean_n we_o shall_v see_v that_o all_o egypt_n be_v divide_v into_o little_a province_n or_o government_n the_o word_n cascief_n proceed_v from_o the_o arabik_fw-mi jickscif_fw-mi which_o signify_v to_o discover_v a_o thing_n because_o their_o ancient_a office_n be_v to_o visit_v their_o province_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o find_v out_o the_o arabian_n and_o thief_n and_o person_n of_o a_o ill_a life_n and_o to_o punish_v they_o but_o now_o their_o power_n and_o riches_n increase_v they_o have_v rent_v the_o income_n of_o their_o province_n without_o alter_v their_o name_n so_o that_o at_o this_o time_n they_o be_v the_o petty-governour_n of_o egypt_n and_o be_v in_o number_n six_o and_o thirty_o in_o the_o upper_a egypt_n be_v twenty_o four_o namely_o of_o sint_fw-la where_o the_o upper_a egypt_n begin_v of_o abutig_n of_o temeh_n of_o tahta_n of_o gezire_n of_o sobaitg_n of_o minscie_a of_o tuh_o ill_a essirat_n of_o girgé_fw-fr where_o the_o vali_n be_v the_o cascief_n all_o these_o be_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n before_o you_o come_v to_o girgé_fw-fr these_o follow_a be_v likewise_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n but_o beyond_o girge_n namely_o the_o cascief_n of_o berdis_n of_o fersciut_a of_o hu_o of_o bahgiura_n of_o jarbuksas_n of_o arment_n and_o of_o isne_n these_o follow_a reside_v on_o the_o east-part_n of_o nilus_n namely_o the_o cascief_n of_o scierkabuet_fw-la of_o achmin_n of_o scierkmerg_n of_o limbir_n ve_fw-la il_fw-fr cheijam_fw-la of_o scierkfau_n of_o cous_fw-la of_o ken_n of_o luxorein_a and_o of_o ibrim_n six_o dwell_v in_o the_o middle_a egypt_n namely_o at_o momfallot_n where_o the_o cascief_n command_v the_o other_o of_o vah_o there_o be_v the_o cascief_n of_o ischmunein_a that_o dwell_v at_o minie_n the_o cascief_n of_o behnese_a of_o fium_fw-la of_o gize_v all_o these_o be_v at_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n and_o on_o the_o east_n there_o be_v only_o the_o cascief_n of_o atfieh_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o egypt_n there_o be_v also_o six_o in_o the_o low_a egypt_n namely_o of_o menuf_n of_o garbie_n which_o two_o province_n be_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o delta_n the_o cascief_n of_o beheire_n reside_v in_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n as_o we_o go_v to_o gize_v over_o against_o cairo_n this_o province_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o alexandria_n and_o include_v the_o little_a cascief_n of_o tarane_n that_o depend_v upon_o it_o there_o be_v likewise_o the_o cascief_n of_o kel_n jub_n in_o the_o same_o side_n as_o cairo_n and_o the_o cascief_n of_o mansoura_n on_o the_o same_o hand_n near_o the_o province_n of_o keliub_n and_o the_o cascief_n of_o bilbeis_n which_o be_v on_o the_o side_n of_o crand_n cairo_n all_o the_o cascief_n of_o the_o inferior_a egypt_n and_o some_o also_o of_o the_o middle_n never_o abide_v in_o the_o town_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o only_o eight_o or_o nine_o month_n from_o january_n till_o august_n when_o nilus_n begin_v to_o overflow_v the_o bank_n than_o they_o retreat_n to_o cairo_n where_o they_o dwell_v
there_o be_v no_o heed_n to_o be_v take_v of_o their_o word_n nor_o of_o their_o oath_n in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v very_o proper_a to_o be_v employ_v in_o all_o evil_a action_n my_o conversation_n with_o man_n of_o that_o nation_n of_o all_o sort_n have_v cause_v i_o to_o discover_v they_o to_o the_o bottom_n the_o woman_n of_o the_o country_n be_v usual_o of_o a_o low_a stature_n of_o a_o brown_a complexion_n all_o their_o beauty_n consist_v in_o a_o lively_a eye_n their_o discourse_n be_v troublesome_a and_o their_o clothing_n be_v not_o handsome_a the_o wife_n of_o the_o better_a sort_n bring_v from_o other_o part_n of_o turkey_n be_v better_o breed_v and_o more_o please_v in_o all_o respect_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n the_o discovery_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o nilus_n which_o have_v cause_v so_o many_o dispute_n among_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o for_o which_o some_o great_a person_n be_v at_o vast_a expense_n without_o any_o success_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o portuguese_n who_o have_v find_v they_o out_o in_o our_o age._n father_n tell_v a_o jesuit_n say_v in_o his_o history_n of_o ethiopia_n print_v at_o lisbon_n that_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gojam_n which_o be_v about_o 12_o degree_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a towards_o the_o west_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o sacahala_n inhabit_v by_o the_o agaus_fw-la in_o a_o field_n of_o no_o great_a extent_n encompass_v about_o with_o many_o high_a mountain_n there_o be_v a_o little_a lake_n over_o which_o one_o may_v cast_v a_o stone_n full_a of_o bush_n and_o low_a tree_n whereof_o the_o root_n be_v so_o thick_a and_o entangle_v that_o in_o summer_n one_o may_v walk_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o lake_n be_v two_o great_a and_o deep_a fountain_n very_o near_o together_o from_o hence_o issue_v out_o a_o clear_a water_n that_o run_v under_o these_o bush_n and_o low_a tree_n in_o two_o several_a channel_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o about_o the_o distance_n of_o a_o musket-shot_a they_o turn_v to_o the_o north_n about_o half_a a_o mile_n from_o thence_o there_o appear_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o water_n and_o a_o considerable_a river_n into_o which_o run_v many_o other_o stream_n and_o about_o 15_o mile_n from_o thence_o it_o receive_v another_o big_a water_n call_v gema_n which_o lose_v then_o its_o name_n a_o little_a far_o turn_v towards_o the_o east_n it_o receive_v also_o two_o other_o considerable_a stream_n call_v kelti_fw-la and_o branti_fw-la near_o this_o place_n be_v the_o first_o fall_n of_o the_o river_n not_o much_o far_o in_o run_v towards_o the_o east_n it_o enter_v into_o the_o lake_n of_o the_o abyssins_n name_v bahr_n dembea_n or_o the_o sea_n of_o dembea_n when_o it_o be_v pass_v through_o without_o mingle_v its_o water_n with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o lake_n it_o receive_v many_o other_o river_n very_o great_a and_o namely_o the_o river_n tekeze_fw-mi near_o egypt_n as_o soon_o as_o nilus_n be_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n 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current_n at_o sciobret_n il_fw-fr yeman_n a_o village_n situate_a on_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n about_o halfway_n between_o cairo_n and_o damietta_n which_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o brullos_n beside_o these_o three_o branch_n there_o be_v a_o four_o which_o be_v artificial_a and_o full_a of_o water_n but_o about_o thirty_o day_n of_o the_o year_n it_o begin_v at_o a_o village_n call_v latf_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n in_o go_v to_o rosetta_n about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o alexandria_n where_o the_o water_n of_o this_o current_n run_v into_o the_o sea_n therefore_o the_o egyptian_n reckon_v it_o among_o the_o true_a mouth_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o beside_o these_o four_o there_o be_v any_o other_o as_o herodotus_n and_o strabo_n affirm_v for_o they_o reckon_v about_o seven_o but_o egypt_n be_v much_o alter_v so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o appearance_n nor_o remembrance_n of_o the_o seven_o city_n where_o they_o be_v as_o they_o say_v when_o i_o be_v at_o rosetta_n i_o inquire_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n concern_v this_o particular_a but_o they_o can_v not_o give_v i_o any_o account_n but_o only_o of_o these_o four_o some_o tell_v i_o that_o beside_o the_o great_a current_n at_o damietta_n there_o be_v another_o artificial_a channel_n at_o gaza_n where_o the_o water_n do_v run_v into_o the_o sea_n but_o i_o can_v believe_v it_o but_o if_o this_o be_v true_a gaza_n be_v not_o in_o egypt_n therefore_o it_o can_v be_v one_o of_o the_o seven_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n speak_v of_o by_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n i_o can_v wish_v that_o some_o other_o curious_a traveller_n will_v inquire_v they_o out_o and_o tell_v we_o the_o truth_n this_o be_v remarkable_a of_o nilus_n 1._o that_o it_o begin_v to_o increase_v and_o decrease_v on_o a_o certain_a day_n precise_o 2._o that_o when_o it_o first_o increase_v it_o grow_v green_a 3._o that_o afterward_o it_o appear_v red_a and_o 4._o that_o it_o change_v its_o channel_n sometime_o the_o day_n in_o which_o it_o begin_v to_o increase_v be_v yearly_a the_o 12_o of_o june_n of_o the_o copty_v or_o the_o 17_o day_n of_o our_o june_n on_o which_o day_n they_o observe_v the_o feast_n of_o s._n michael_n the_o archangel_n on_o which_o day_n the_o drop_n fall_v now_o these_o drop_n be_v nothing_o else_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o the_o mercy_n and_o blessing_n of_o god_n they_o believe_v on_o that_o day_n god_n send_v the_o archangel_n s_o michael_n to_o cause_v the_o river_n to_o be_v fruitful_a this_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o people_n but_o the_o learned_a say_v that_o these_o drop_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o dew_n which_o fall_v towards_o the_o last_o quarter_n of_o the_o night_n near_o the_o morning_n and_o which_o cause_v the_o river_n to_o be_v fruitful_a purify_v the_o air_n from_o all_o the_o infection_n of_o cumsin_n and_o give_v strength_n and_o virtue_n to_o all_o thing_n upon_o which_o it_o fall_v these_o drop_n be_v doubtless_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o nilus_n this_o be_v easy_o see_v for_o as_o soon_o as_o this_o dew_n be_v fall_v the_o water_n begin_v to_o be_v corrupt_a and_o to_o be_v of_o a_o greenish_a colour_n this_o colour_n increase_v more_o and_o more_o till_o the_o river_n appear_v as_o a_o lake_n cover_v all_o over_o with_o moss_n this_o colour_n be_v to_o be_v see_v not_o only_o in_o its_o great_a channel_n but_o also_o in_o all_o the_o pond_n and_o branch_n that_o come_v from_o thence_o only_o the_o cistern_n keep_v the_o water_n pure_a some_o year_n this_o green_a colour_n continue_v about_o 20_o day_n and_o sometime_o more_o but_o never_o above_o 40._o the_o egyptian_n call_v this_o time_n when_o the_o river_n be_v green_a il_fw-it have_v raviat_fw-la for_o they_o suffer_v much_o because_o the_o water_n be_v corrupt_a without_o taste_n and_o unwholesome_a and_o that_o good_a water_n be_v very_o rare_a these_o drop_n or_o dew_n purify_v the_o air_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o fall_v the_o plague_n cease_v to_o be_v mortal_a none_o die_v of_o it_o the_o air_n be_v wholesome_a all_o distemper_n cease_v and_o if_o any_o person_n grow_v sick_a he_o never_o die_v this_o dew_n give_v life_n to_o every_o thing_n and_o when_o it_o fall_v upon_o the_o wheat_n it_o cause_v it_o to_o continue_v many_o year_n without_o corruption_n or_o worm_n and_o be_v far_o more_o nourish_a than_o that_o corn_n upon_o which_o it_o never_o fall_v for_o this_o cause_n they_o never_o house_v the_o corn_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n in_o the_o barn_n till_o this_o dew_n be_v fall_v upon_o it_o that_o it_o may_v keep_v the_o long_o without_o worm_n the_o increase_n of_o the_o river_n proceed_v from_o several_a cause_n the_o first_o and_o the_o
s._n menna_n so_o that_o when_o the_o copty_v perceive_v they_o they_o know_v not_o what_o to_o say_v by_o this_o we_o may_v judge_v that_o this_o church_n have_v not_o be_v build_v by_o the_o optic_a rule_n of_o art_n and_o that_o only_a by_o chance_n these_o shadow_n have_v appear_v and_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o this_o apparition_n continue_v three_o day_n follow_v in_o which_o time_n there_o be_v such_o a_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n that_o one_o be_v ready_a to_o be_v stifle_v i_o perceive_v that_o they_o do_v call_v every_o saint_n according_a to_o their_o devotion_n and_o respect_n without_o order_n and_o when_o they_o see_v some_o shadow_n upon_o the_o wall_n which_o have_v a_o relation_n with_o those_o saint_n that_o be_v paint_v in_o their_o church_n they_o cry_v out_o for_o joy_n in_o their_o language_n selam_n lak_a kaddis_n filan_n i_o salute_v you_o o_o saint_n n._n n._n to_o this_o they_o add_v a_o hymn_n proper_a to_o the_o saint_n and_o prayer_n tie_v upon_o the_o wall_n some_o little_a cross_n of_o wax_n of_o all_o the_o saint_n that_o their_o church_n worship_n i_o have_v hear_v none_o call_v upon_o but_o the_o bless_a virgin_n s._n george_n s._n menna_n and_o s._n porter_n on_o this_o festival_n day_n all_o the_o arabian_n thereabouts_o meet_v here_o out_o of_o a_o ancient_a custom_n to_o be_v treat_v for_o three_o day_n with_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o church_n when_o i_o be_v there_o they_o can_v make_v up_o near_o five_o hundred_o horse_n and_o five_o hundred_o foot_n the_o horseman_n be_v arm_v with_o a_o lance_n the_o footman_n with_o a_o club_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n point_v with_o iron_n this_o custom_n of_o feed_v the_o arabian_n thereabouts_o be_v very_o ancient_a it_o come_v from_o their_o pretend_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o country_n round_o about_o where_o this_o church_n be_v build_v and_o therefore_o for_o this_o consideration_n they_o hinder_v not_o the_o christian_n as_o they_o be_v able_a from_o come_v to_o this_o festival_n therefore_o the_o epitrope_n or_o treasurer_n of_o the_o church_n have_v care_n to_o provide_v all_o thing_n needful_a for_o their_o entertainment_n he_o kill_v that_o year_n seven_o young_a cow_n two_o every_o day_n he_o provide_v for_o they_o rice_n bread_n and_o barley_n for_o their_o cattle_n he_o have_v a_o care_n also_o to_o send_v for_o cook_n and_o all_o implement_n necessary_a for_o a_o kitchen_n so_o that_o the_o arabian_n have_v nothing_o else_o to_o do_v here_o but_o to_o eat_v and_o drink_v and_o divert_v themselves_o twice_o every_o every_o day_n these_o arabian_n perform_v their_o warlike_a exercise_n to_o show_v their_o jolly_a humour_n and_o to_o give_v sport_n to_o the_o assembly_n the_o horseman_n play_v at_o girit_n or_o the_o dart_n by_o cast_v it_o to_o one_o another_o ride_v one_o against_o another_o and_o fence_v therewith_o with_o much_o dexterity_n the_o footman_n likewise_o skirmish_v one_o against_o another_o very_o pleasant_o with_o their_o great_a staff_n the_o three_o day_n of_o this_o festival_n the_o arabian_n have_v nothing_o give_v they_o but_o a_o dinner_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v eat_v it_o they_o be_v to_o depart_v so_o that_o if_o two_o hour_n after_o any_o of_o they_o be_v find_v there_o and_o that_o the_o bey_v lieutenant_n have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o he_o he_o will_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v punish_v either_o by_o the_o purse_n or_o a_o bastinado_n so_o that_o none_o have_v liberty_n to_o stay_v there_o that_o day_n but_o christian_n who_o the_o epitrope_n treat_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o do_v the_o arabian_n i_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a person_n invite_v the_o treasurer_n entertain_v i_o under_o his_o own_o tent_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a banquet_n only_a wine_n be_v want_v and_o spoon_n fork_n knife_n and_o napkin_n be_v not_o use_v the_o meat_n be_v to_o be_v tear_v in_o piece_n between_o the_o finger_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n afterward_o out_o of_o the_o tent_n a_o long_a skin_n of_o leather_n be_v spread_v upon_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o ordinary_a people_n where_o they_o be_v very_o well_o treat_v i_o shall_v finish_v this_o relation_n with_o a_o advice_n to_o all_o franc_n that_o intend_v to_o see_v this_o festival_n they_o ought_v to_o take_v the_o same_o way_n as_o we_o have_v do_v because_o it_o be_v the_o easy_a the_o most_o commodious_a and_o the_o less_o dangerous_a let_v they_o get_v a_o good_a tent_n for_o there_o be_v no_o lodging_n but_o in_o the_o open_a air_n let_v they_o carry_v wine_n strong-water_n meat_n hen_n bread_n and_o other_o thing_n for_o nourishment_n during_o the_o festival_n let_v they_o also_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o furniture_n of_o the_o table_n a_o carpet_n a_o cushion_n to_o sit_v upon_o and_o some_o coverlet_n for_o their_o conveniency_n and_o to_o appear_v handsome_o water_n and_o wood_n be_v here_o plenty_n there_o be_v fish_n also_o to_o be_v sell_v for_o the_o fisherman_n of_o nilus_n that_o be_v near_o adjoin_v bring_v hither_o a_o great_a deal_n i_o be_v provide_v with_o all_o these_o thing_n therefore_o i_o appear_v very_o decent_o there_o be_v here_o no_o danger_n of_o be_v rob_v for_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o bey_n of_o mohelle_n be_v also_o at_o this_o festival_n with_o a_o good_a guard_n of_o spahin_n to_o prevent_v disorder_n quarrel_n and_o robbery_n which_o may_v happen_v among_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a people_n so_o that_o in_o this_o place_n one_o may_v be_v with_o as_o much_o safety_n as_o at_o cairo_n in_o a_o house_n upon_o this_o account_n there_o happen_v a_o pleasant_a accident_n a_o poor_a arabian_a have_v take_v from_o a_o christian_a a_o handful_n of_o barley_n to_o give_v it_o to_o his_o ass_n he_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o fact_n the_o christian_n immediate_o drag_v he_o with_o a_o great_a noise_n to_o the_o bey_v lieutenant_n to_o have_v he_o punish_v while_o they_o be_v lead_v he_o a_o great_a tumult_n of_o people_n run_v to_o see_v he_o some_o upbraid_v he_o with_o his_o boldness_n and_o impudence_n to_o steal_v without_o apprehend_v the_o punishment_n of_o the_o saint_n that_o appear_v in_o their_o church_n and_o do_v so_o many_o great_a miracle_n another_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o do_v not_o fear_v that_o god_n will_v punish_v he_o at_o which_o word_n he_o answer_v one_fw-mi baaref_n rabbene_n that_o be_v what_o do_v i_o know_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n or_o i_o know_v not_o what_o be_v god_n this_o cause_v i_o to_o wonder_v both_o at_o the_o copty_v settle_v persuasion_n of_o the_o real_a apparition_n of_o their_o saint_n and_o at_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o arabian_n see_v that_o some_o of_o they_o know_v not_o that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n at_o last_o this_o wretch_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o cage_n and_o i_o know_v not_o what_o happen_v to_o he_o afterward_o it_o be_v time_n to_o prepare_v to_o depart_v when_o the_o company_n withdraw_v itself_o and_o if_o one_o desire_n to_o return_v to_o cairo_n by_o another_o way_n one_o may_v go_v by_o land_n to_o brullos_n from_o thence_o to_o rosetta_n by_o this_o mean_v one_o may_v go_v through_o the_o low_a part_n of_o delta_n a_o curious_a journey_n which_o i_o never_o hear_v that_o any_o franc_n have_v make_v but_o in_o case_n any_o danger_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v in_o this_o way_n one_o may_v go_v from_o gemiane_n to_o great_a mohelle_n where_o the_o way_n be_v full_a of_o people_n and_o from_o thence_o one_o may_v go_v by_o land_n to_o cairo_n and_o see_v all_o the_o antiquity_n that_o be_v in_o mohelle_n and_o all_o along_o the_o wav_fw-mi i_o go_v away_o on_o wednesday_n morning_n when_o every_o one_o be_v depart_v and_o return_v to_o cairo_n the_o same_o way_n that_o i_o come_v because_o the_o other_o way_n seem_v to_o be_v dangerous_a i_o arrive_v at_o cairo_n the_o 20_o of_o the_o same_o month_n eleven_o day_n after_o my_o departure_n the_o representation_n of_o this_o church_n be_v in_o the_o cabinet_n of_o monsieur_n c._n on_o the_o 27_o of_o may_v i_o go_v to_o visit_v the_o patriarch_n of_o the_o copty_v call_v muallim_n mattaos_n or_o master_n matthew_n who_o i_o have_v see_v in_o my_o first_o voyage_n i_o entreat_v he_o to_o give_v i_o a_o letter_n to_o recommend_v i_o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o saint_n macarius_n whither_o i_o intend_v to_o go_v which_o he_o grant_v i_o very_o willing_o the_o 30_o of_o this_o month_n a_o bey_n of_o constantinople_n arrive_v at_o cairo_n bind_v for_o the_o island_n of_o suaquen_n situate_v in_o the_o red-sea_n where_o he_o be_v to_o govern_v as_o pacha_n at_o the_o same_o time_n come_v don_n pietro_n a_o abyssin_n who_o i_o have_v know_v at_o rome_n and_o who_o have_v give_v i_o the_o manuscript_n of_o the_o synod_n
cost_v 140_o piastre_n ben_n a_o fruit_n of_o the_o indies_n whereof_o the_o measure_n of_o a_o rotol_n cost_v 7_o piastre_n and_o a_o half_a tamarindis_fw-la whereof_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 15_o piastre_n coloquinte_n whereof_o 100_o cost_n 10_o piastre_n pepper_n whereof_o 100_o rotol_n cost_v 22_o piastre_n and_o a_o half_a clove_n whereof_o 125_o rotol_n cost_v 25_o piastre_n herb_n flax_n comb_v whereof_o the_o quintal_n of_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 5_o piastre_n flax_n or_o hemp_n of_o menúf_n 6_o or_o 7_o piastre_n flax_n or_o hemp_n of_o squinanti_n whereof_o the_o schive_n cost_v 10_o piastre_n black_a flax_n whereof_o the_o schive_n cost_v 10_o piastre_n flax_n or_o hemp_n of_o fium_fw-la whereof_o the_o schive_n cost_v 8_o piastre_n hemp_n of_o forfeit_n seven_o piastre_n and_o a_o quarter_n hemp_n of_o oleb_n of_o the_o besantins_n sené_fw-fr the_o quintal_n cost_v 40_o piastre_n flower_n as_o spikenard_n whereof_o 133_o 1_o 3d_o of_o rotol_n cost_v 120_o piastre_n saffron_n of_o nambrosia_n whereof_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 12_o piastre_n saffron_n of_o say_a cost_v 6_o piastre_n cotton_n in_o ramo_n or_o branch_n cost_v 6_o piastre_n cotton_n in_o thread_n cost_v 20_o piastre_n ordinary_a cotton_n cost_v 10_o piastre_n root_n as_o hermodat_n whereof_o the_o quintal_n of_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 3_o piastre_n root_n call_v sine_fw-la of_o the_o fine_a sort_n cost_v 200_o piastre_n ginger_n whereof_o 133_o 1_o 3d_o rotol_n cost_v 25_o piastre_n cretonart_n whereof_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 15_o piastre_n rhubarb_n whereof_o the_o rotol_n cost_v 5_o piastre_n salsepareille_fw-fr whereof_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 200_o piastre_n tooth_n as_o fine_a and_o great_a elephant_n tooth_n 110_o rotol_n cost_v 25_o piastre_n wool_n as_o wool_n unwashed_a 200_o rotol_n cost_v 6_o piastre_n wash_v the_o quintal_n cost_v 10_o piastre_n feather_n as_o of_o the_o ostrich_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o sort_n whereof_o the_o rotol_n cost_v 24_o piastre_n of_o the_o tail_n whereof_o four_o rotol_n cost_v 24_o piastre_n of_o the_o black_a four_o rotol_n cost_v the_o same_o price_n sharp_a 1100_o cost_n 1_o piastre_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o wing_n 100_o cost_n 6_o piastre_n fish_n and_o other_o sea_n commodity_n as_o the_o lizard_n green_a 1100_o cost_n 30_o piastre_n pearl_n shell_n whereof_o 1100_o cost_n 10_o piastre_n saltfish_n 200_o clean_a cost_n 25_o piastre_n mommy_n whereof_o the_o quintal_n of_o 110_o rotol_n cost_v 2_o abukelb_n salt_n as_o ammoniac_a whereof_o the_o quintal_n of_o 204_o rotol_n cost_v 16_o piastre_n niter_fw-la or_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o salt-peeter_n whereof_o 140_o rotol_n clean_o cost_v one_o piastre_n roch-alum_n whereof_o the_o quintal_n of_o 139_o rotol_n cost_v 9_o piastre_n linen_n blue-linen_n the_o piece_n contain_v 40_o else_o of_o cairo_n cost_v 65_o meidin_n of_o alexandria_n the_o piece_n cost_v 55_o meidin_n of_o menuf_n the_o piece_n of_o 83_o else_o cost_v 80_o meidin_n great_a blue_n of_o inbab_n the_o piece_n of_o 30_o else_o cost_v 150_o meidin_n little_a blue_n of_o cairo_n the_o piece_n of_o 12_o else_o cost_v 19_o meidin_n of_o alexandria_n the_o piece_n cost_v 14_o meidin_n of_o col_n the_o piece_n cost_v 15_o meidin_n paint_a cost_v 60_o meidin_n battanones_n the_o piece_n cost_v 20_o meidin_n magrabine_n whereof_o the_o piece_n cost_v 55_o meidin_n messalina_n whereof_o the_o piece_n cost_v 80_o meidin_n lizarde_n whereof_o the_o piece_n cost_v 120_o meidin_n cambrasine_n whereof_o the_o piece_n cost_v 5_o piastre_n stuff_n as_o wrought_v stuff_n of_o cairo_n the_o piece_n cost_v 18_o meidin_n of_o damietta_n between_o 25_o and_o 28_o meidins_n of_o alexandria_n 24_o meidin_n fine_a girdle_n of_o rosetta_n cost_v by_o the_o dozen_o 14_o piastre_n ordinary_a girdle_n by_o the_o dozen_o 10_o piastre_n fine_a handkerchief_n at_o 18_o to_o the_o packet_n cost_v 24_o meidin_n ordinary_a handkerchief_n of_o the_o same_o number_n 12_o meidin_n other_o ordinary_a one_o at_o 10_o to_o the_o packet_n cost_v 10_o meidin_n bladder_n as_o musk_n whereof_o the_o dram_n cost_v a_o piastre_n carpet_n as_o fine_a carpet_n by_o the_o ell_n cost_v about_o 2_o piastre_n or_o one_o and_o a_o half_a course_n carpet_n cost_v half_o a_o piastre_n a_o ell._n european_a commodity_n carry_v and_o sell_v in_o egypt_n with_o their_o ordinary_a price_n 1673._o be_v mineral_n as_o agarick_n whereof_o the_o ock_n or_o 400_o dram_fw-la be_v worth_a a_o piastre_n white_a arsenic_n whereof_o the_o quintal_n of_o 125_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 9_o piastre_n yellow_a arsenic_n be_v worth_a 14_o piastre_n archifù_fw-fr whereof_o 150_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 8_o piastre_n orpiment_n the_o chest_n or_o box_n be_v worth_a 25_o piastre_n antimony_n be_v worth_a by_o the_o quintal_n 200_o piastre_n sublimate_v one_o rotol_n be_v worth_a a_o piastre_n and_o a_o half_a quicksilver_n 102_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 100_o piastre_n vitriol_n by_o the_o quintal_n be_v worth_a 70_o piastre_n vermilion_n whereof_o 110_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 14_o piastre_n cinaber_n by_o the_o quintal_n contain_v 102_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 150_o piastre_n salsepareille_fw-fr whereof_o 110_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 200_o piastre_n fine_a cine_n be_v worth_a 200_o piastre_n flower_n and_o herb_n as_o nardum_fw-la celticum_n whereof_o the_o quintal_n contain_v 110_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 55_o abukelb_n spiknard_n whereof_o 110_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 150_o piastre_n iron_n steel_n copper_n lead_v and_o pewter_n as_o copper_n thread_n whereof_o 150_o rotol_n of_o the_o great_a cost_n 6_o piastre_n and_o of_o the_o least_o 50_o piastre_n beat_a brass_n 20_o piastre_n white_a iron_n or_o tin_n by_o the_o barrel_n be_v worth_a 40_o piastre_n steel_n of_o venice_n 110_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 15_o piastre_n lead_v whereof_o 130_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 12_o piastre_n pewter_n whereof_o 102_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 45_o piastre_n seed_n as_o cochenille_n whereof_o the_o ock_n be_v worth_a 20_o piastre_n paper_n the_o pack_n of_o 24_o ream_n be_v worth_a 20_o piastre_n of_o 14_o ream_n 22_o piastre_n of_o 12._o ream_n 24_o piastre_n silk_n stuff_v as_o satin_n of_o florence_n be_v worth_a by_o the_o ell_n 60_o meidins_n clothes_n as_o of_o london_n whereof_o the_o pick_n be_v worth_a 5_o abukelb_n of_o bucioche_n whereof_o the_o pick_n be_v worth_a 60_o meidins_n of_o the_o holy_a bridge_n of_o rome_n whereof_o the_o pick_n be_v worth_a 50_o meidins_n clothes_n of_o holland_n fashion_n whereof_o the_o pick_n be_v worth_a 80_o meidins_n scarlet_n by_o the_o pick_n be_v worth_a 90_o meidins_n ordinary_a cap_n of_o marseilles_n by_o the_o dozen_o be_v sell_v for_o 5_o piastre_n other_o cap_n of_o a_o half-make_a be_v sell_v by_o the_o dozen_o for_o 10_o piastre_n of_o a_o perfect_a make_v 14._o piastre_n corral_n as_o rough_a corral_n of_o messina_n be_v worth_a by_o the_o quintal_n 110_o piastre_n taraille_n be_v worth_a 25_o piastre_n corral_n wrought_v whereof_o 100_o rotol_n of_o cairo_n be_v worth_a 400_o piastre_n white_a tartre_n whereof_o 125_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 14_o piastre_n red_a tartre_n whereof_o 125_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 12_o piastre_n of_o brasil_n 110_o rotol_n that_o make_v a_o quintal_n be_v worth_a 30_o piastre_n roch_n alum_n 139_o rotol_n be_v worth_a 10_o piastre_n and_o because_o we_o have_v mention_v in_o this_o place_n several_a weight_n and_o money_n that_o be_v in_o use_n in_o egypt_n it_o be_v needful_a to_o give_v a_o explication_n of_o they_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v make_v use_n of_o this_o journal_n with_o satisfaction_n to_o himself_o the_o ock_n contain_v 400_o dram_fw-la the_o rotol_n contain_v 144_o dram_fw-la one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o rotol_n of_o cairo_n be_v 108_o pound_n weight_n of_o marseilles_n the_o quintal_n gerovin_n contain_v 217_o rotol_n of_o cairo_n the_o abukelb_n be_v the_o doller_n of_o holland_n with_o the_o lion_n rampant_a and_o be_v worth_a 33_o meidin_n to_o be_v change_v but_o in_o species_n 38_o meidins_n and_o sometime_o more_o the_o ordinary_a piastre_n which_o be_v but_o a_o imaginary_a coin_n be_v worth_a 30_o meidin_n and_o with_o it_o they_o trade_n and_o pay_v money_n in_o egypt_n the_o real_n of_o spain_n be_v worth_a 33_o meidin_n in_o change_n but_o in_o species_n 40_o and_o sometime_o more_o as_o they_o be_v in_o request_n the_o sequin_n or_o golden_a ducat_n of_o venice_n which_o next_o to_o the_o real_n of_o spain_n be_v the_o best_a money_n to_o be_v use_v in_o all_o the_o country_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n be_v worth_a in_o trade_n 100_o meidin_n but_o the_o divan_n of_o cairo_n take_v it_o but_o for_o fourscore_o and_o five_o the_o meidin_n or_o the_o para_n be_v the_o same_o piece_n of_o money_n make_v by_o the_o pacha_n of_o cairo_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n it_o be_v currant_n in_o all_o part_n of_o egypt_n be_v worth_a one_o penny_n halfpenny_n of_o france_n and_o
by_o the_o arab._n ein_fw-mi il_fw-it mandura_fw-it and_o that_o every_o holy-thursday_n a_o great_a many_o christian_n be_v wont_a to_o meet_v there_o to_o drink_v of_o this_o water_n out_o of_o devotion_n but_o that_o the_o people_n of_o the_o place_n who_o be_v all_o mahometan_n have_v stop_v it_o up_o to_o prevent_v the_o continuance_n of_o this_o superstition_n when_o we_o have_v well_o see_v these_o thing_n we_o return_v to_o the_o town_n and_o in_o our_o way_n we_o go_v over_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ancient_a arsinoe_n where_o i_o see_v nothing_o remarkable_a but_o some_o old_a wall_n which_o my_o guide_n tell_v i_o be_v the_o remain_v of_o a_o bath_n when_o we_o be_v come_v near_o the_o town_n we_o leave_v it_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o go_v to_o see_v the_o needle_n of_o bibig_n whereof_o this_o be_v the_o description_n this_o needle_n be_v place_v on_o the_o ground_n without_o any_o basis_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o cornfield_n in_o a_o place_n where_o be_v no_o house_n nor_o mark_v of_o any_o that_o have_v be_v there_o it_o be_v distant_a from_o fium_fw-la about_o a_o long_a half_a league_n near_o a_o village_n call_v bibig_n from_o whence_o it_o borrow_v the_o name_n this_o village_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o south-west_n of_o fium_fw-la and_o belong_v unto_o it_o it_o be_v build_v in_o a_o long_a square_n very_o high_a its_o large_a side_n have_v six_o foot_n and_o the_o narrow_a be_v of_o four_o this_o needle_n abut_v not_o into_o a_o sharp_a point_n as_o other_o in_o egypt_n and_o italy_n but_o the_o top_n be_v make_v like_o a_o ass_n back_n on_o the_o southside_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o large_a there_o be_v three_o rank_n of_o image_n that_o represent_v man_n and_o woman_n hold_v one_o another_o by_o the_o hand_n under_o these_o three_o rank_n begin_v fourteen_o rank_n of_o hieroglyphic_n character_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o finger_n which_o be_v to_o be_v read_v from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n every_o rank_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o other_o which_o be_v near_o with_o a_o line_n that_o be_v draw_v between_o all_o along_o the_o needle_n so_o that_o without_o doubt_v this_o needle_n be_v the_o most_o curious_a that_o may_v be_v see_v in_o every_o one_o of_o the_o lesser_a side_n be_v but_o one_o rank_n of_o lesser_a character_n which_o yet_o continue_v very_o clear_a and_o beautiful_a there_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v lament_v at_o that_o time_n have_v almost_o blot_v out_o the_o figure_n from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o pillar_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o that_o the_o stone_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o corruption_n be_v much_o wear_v out_o it_o be_v of_o a_o red_a stone_n as_o all_z other_o it_o be_v top_n be_v like_o a_o ass_n back_n and_o very_o large_a sit_v for_o the_o vulture_n and_o hawk_n to_o pitch_v upon_o it_o at_o night_n these_o bird_n have_v so_o whiten_v it_o with_o their_o dung_n that_o the_o uppermost_a figure_n be_v scarce_o to_o be_v discern_v i_o have_v take_v notice_n that_o all_o the_o needle_n that_o i_o have_v see_v in_o egypt_n stand_v not_o upon_o any_o basis_n but_o upon_o the_o ground_n which_o make_v i_o believe_v that_o the_o invention_n of_o plant_v they_o upon_o a_o basis_n be_v not_o derive_v from_o the_o egyptian_n but_o from_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v take_v notice_n that_o this_o kind_n of_o pillar_n be_v very_o useful_a and_o contain_v great_a mystery_n in_o their_o character_n they_o have_v raise_v they_o upon_o a_o basis_n to_o render_v they_o more_o remarkable_a and_o considerable_a to_o the_o curious_a we_o return_v to_o the_o town_n about_o noon_n a_o little_a journey_n to_o sennuris_n svnday_n the_o 31._o of_o july_n i_o go_v to_o sennuris_n a_o village_n belong_v to_o the_o cascieflik_a of_o fium_fw-la situate_a on_o the_o north_n of_o this_o town_n and_o about_o four_o hour_n travel_v on_o horseback_n to_o see_v the_o remain_v of_o antiquity_n that_o be_v there_o and_o thereabouts_o beside_o my_o servant_n some_o other_o copty_v christian_n go_v with_o i_o when_o i_o have_v a_o little_a rest_v myself_o at_o sennuris_n in_o the_o house_n of_o sciech_n ill_a bele_z the_o chief_z of_o the_o village_n a_o moor_n where_o my_o friend_n oblige_v i_o to_o take_v my_o lodging_n i_o go_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o village_n which_o be_v great_a and_o very_o beautiful_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o see_v the_o church_n of_o the_o copty_v dedicate_v to_o the_o archangel_n s_o michael_n but_o it_o be_v very_a mean_v nevertheless_o i_o take_v notice_n there_o of_o one_o thing_n very_o remarkable_a namely_o a_o square_a stone_n where_o be_v three_o little_a figure_n cut_v the_o first_o represent_v the_o archangel_n s_o michael_n the_o middle_n represent_v the_o virgin_n mary_n who_o hold_v in_o her_o arm_n her_o son_n and_o the_o three_o the_o angel_n raphael_n the_o name_n of_o every_o one_o be_v write_v underneath_o in_o greek_a letter_n in_o the_o copty_v language_n this_o stone_n be_v a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a long_o from_o side_n to_o side_n the_o priest_n inform_v i_o that_o this_o stone_n be_v heretofore_o in_o the_o chancel_n but_o when_o they_o see_v that_o the_o people_n render_v homage_n to_o these_o figure_n they_o place_v they_o in_o a_o corner_n of_o the_o church_n that_o they_o may_v hinder_v they_o from_o idolatry_n they_o offer_v it_o to_o i_o for_o a_o piastre_n and_o a_o half_a because_o i_o seem_v to_o value_v it_o at_o a_o high_a rate_n i_o will_v not_o take_v it_o because_o i_o have_v no_o intent_n to_o return_v so_o soon_o to_o cairo_n but_o to_o go_v further_o into_o sayda_n at_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o village_n about_o a_o musquet-shot_a from_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o very_a ancient_a bridge_n of_o brick_n make_v for_o a_o passage_n for_o the_o river_n when_o it_o overflow_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n say_v that_o joseph_n jacob_n son_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v build_v it_o be_v apparent_a by_o its_o ruin_n that_o heretofore_o it_o be_v very_o great_a but_o now_o there_o remain_v no_o more_o but_o four_o arch_n round_o about_o this_o village_n be_v sow_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o flax_n but_o it_o be_v not_o esteem_v so_o good_a as_o that_o which_o grow_v in_o other_o part_n of_o egypt_n at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v as_o well_o as_o at_o fiúm_n a_o want_n of_o fresh_a water_n because_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n usual_o cast_v into_o the_o river_n their_o hemp_n where_o they_o take_v their_o water_n to_o drink_v this_o have_v so_o poison_v the_o water_n that_o they_o do_v stink_v so_o that_o i_o be_v force_v to_o cause_v some_o fresh_a water_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o fiúm_n which_o be_v about_o four_o hour_n distant_a from_o this_o village_n in_o a_o evening_n i_o walk_v to_o see_v the_o lake_n kern_n which_o be_v very_o near_a sennúris_n on_o the_o westside_n this_o lake_n be_v narrow_a but_o long_o for_o i_o be_v tell_v that_o it_o be_v about_o two_o day_n travel_v for_o a_o horse_n in_o length_n this_o be_v doubtless_o the_o lake_n miris_fw-la mention_v by_o pliny_n when_o he_o say_v inter_fw-la arsinoïten_n prafecturam_fw-la ac_fw-la memphiten_n lacus_n fuit_fw-la circuitu_fw-la ccl.m._fw-la passuum_fw-la aut_fw-la ut_fw-la mutianus_n tradit_fw-la ccccl_n m_o &_o latitudinis_fw-la l._n passuum_fw-la manu_fw-la factus_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la qui_fw-la fecerat_fw-la moeridis_n appellatus_fw-la for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o lake_n between_o fium_fw-la which_o be_v arsinoe_n and_o the_o city_n of_o memphis_n or_o the_o place_n where_o it_o stand_v at_o its_o eastern_a end_n be_v place_v the_o village_n tamÃch_o mention_v before_o and_o in_o its_o west_n end_n be_v the_o famous_a castle_n of_o vizir_fw-it charon_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o this_o lake_n receive_v all_o the_o water_n that_o run_v from_o the_o field_n when_o nilus_n be_v overflow_v and_o from_o the_o river_n of_o joseph_n they_o become_v salt_n because_o the_o earth_n be_v full_a of_o niter_n here_o be_v much_o fish_n chief_o a_o fish_n call_v be_v arab._n hove_z which_o i_o have_v describe_v in_o the_o chapter_n concern_v the_o fish_n of_o nilus_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v desert_n of_o sand_n very_o large_a i_o have_v hear_v from_o person_n worthy_a to_o be_v believe_v that_o there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v many_o remarkable_a ruin_n of_o ancient_a town_n particular_o of_o temeh_n issebag_n or_o of_o temeh_n of_o lieus_n a_o town_n so_o name_v because_o of_o the_o statue_n of_o lieu_n that_o be_v there_o to_o be_v see_v here_o be_v also_o to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o ancient_a monastery_n name_v their_fw-mi abulÃfe_n or_o the_o monastery_n of_o abulÃfe_n they_o tell_v i_o that_o they_o have_v
foot_n of_o this_o mountain_n in_o this_o place_n our_o bark_n run_v in_o the_o sand_n and_o when_o the_o boat-man_n be_v not_o able_a to_o free_v she_o the_o janissary_n that_o be_v with_o we_o force_v all_o the_o other_o traveller_n and_o christian_n with_o cudgel_n to_o leap_v over_o into_o the_o water_n to_o help_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v free_v we_o proceed_v on_o in_o our_o way_n and_o we_o begin_v to_o discover_v the_o cave_n of_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v at_o the_o east_n of_o nilus_n and_o a_o little_a after_o the_o mount_n of_o bird_n call_v in_o arabic_a gebel_n teir_n which_o be_v so_o equal_a from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n about_o half_a a_o mile_n that_o it_o look_v like_o a_o strait_a wall_n build_v by_o hand_n rather_o than_o a_o rock_n make_v thus_o by_o nature_n which_o be_v a_o very_a delightful_a sight_n to_o traveller_n the_o water_n of_o nilus_n wash_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o it_o on_o the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n be_v the_o monastery_n of_o the_o copty_v call_v their_fw-mi il_fw-mi baccur_v and_o a_o little_o further_a several_a cave_n and_o the_o ruin_n if_o a_o ancient_a town_n tuesday_n night_n we_o be_v in_o sight_n of_o minie_n but_o our_o vessel_n run_v aground_n once_o more_o in_o the_o bank_n of_o sand_n so_o that_o the_o boat-man_n can_v not_o free_v it_o before_o night_n and_o there_o it_o stop_v till_o next_o day_n wednesday_n in_o the_o morning_n while_o our_o boat-man_n be_v busy_a in_o free_v the_o boat_n i_o go_v to_o see_v the_o city_n of_o minie_n situate_a on_o the_o west_n of_o nilus_n belong_v to_o the_o cascieflik_a of_o behnese_a i_o go_v also_o into_o the_o mosque_n without_o fear_n because_o i_o be_v clothe_v in_o a_o turkish_a habit._n when_o our_o boat-man_n have_v free_v the_o bark_n they_o draw_v she_o up_o to_o minie_n for_o we_o sail_v upward_o there_o i_o go_v on_o board_n to_o go_v towards_o melave_n about_o a_o hour_n sail_v from_o minie_n we_o begin_v to_o discover_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o east_n the_o cave_n this_o in_o my_o judgement_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o country_n of_o thebes_n they_o be_v to_o be_v see_v along_o the_o mountain_n as_o far_o as_o momfallot_v i_o count_v four_o and_o thirty_o in_o a_o rank_n but_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o cave_n be_v stop_v up_o with_o earth_n that_o be_v fall_v in_o the_o same_o day_n about_o three_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n we_o pass_v by_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ancient_a city_n insine_n leave_v it_o at_o our_o left_a hand_n and_o at_o night_n we_o go_v to_o lie_v before_o melave_n we_o sail_v away_o on_o thursday_n morning_n the_o second_o of_o march_n and_o we_o see_v in_o our_o way_n many_o cave_n in_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v at_o the_o east_n at_o noon_n we_o leave_v the_o great_a channel_n of_o nilus_n because_o there_o be_v but_o little_a water_n and_o we_o enter_v into_o one_o of_o its_o branch_n which_o make_v a_o island_n by_o meet_v again_o with_o the_o great_a stream_n we_o pass_v before_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n of_o joseph_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o in_o the_o description_n of_o fium_fw-la friday_n morning_n the_o three_o day_n of_o the_o month_n we_o land_v at_o momfallot_n where_o i_o lodge_v in_o a_o house_n call_v ocalet_n emir_n otman_n or_o the_o dwell_n of_o prince_n otman_n which_o be_v in_o the_o marketplace_n it_o be_v a_o old_a dwelling_n much_o decay_v and_o though_o there_o be_v another_o more_o beautiful_a and_o more_o commodious_a i_o will_v not_o lodge_v in_o it_o that_o i_o may_v not_o suffer_v the_o affront_n of_o the_o jamssary_n and_o spahin_n who_o lodge_v there_o and_o who_o will_v have_v insult_v over_o i_o have_v they_o know_v i_o to_o be_v a_o franc._n momfallot_n the_o abode_n of_o the_o cascief_n of_o the_o province_n be_v a_o very_a great_a and_o beautiful_a town_n of_o egypt_n situate_a upon_o the_o bank_n of_o nilus_n on_o the_o westside_n in_o the_o middle_a egypt_n there_o be_v make_v much_o linen-cloth_n a_o great_a many_o christian_n copty_v live_v here_o but_o they_o have_v no_o church_n the_o name_n of_o this_o town_n signify_v in_o arabic_a the_o exile_n of_o lot_n because_o a_o certain_a lot_n be_v banish_v thither_o by_o his_o brother_n a_o ancient_a king_n of_o egypt_n as_o the_o copty_v say_v over_o against_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o nilus_n be_v the_o sign_n of_o a_o ancient_a town_n i_o can_v never_o understand_v the_o name_n from_o cairo_n to_o benesuef_n there_o be_v two_o day_n journey_n by_o land_n and_o by_o water_n sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o according_a to_o the_o wind_n from_o benesuef_n to_o minie_n be_v three_o day_n journey_n by_o land_n from_o minie_n to_o melave_n be_v a_o little_a day_n journey_n from_o melave_n to_o momfallot_n be_v a_o little_a more_o than_o a_o day_n journey_n chief_o when_o the_o horse_n be_v not_o good_a and_o from_o momfallot_v one_o may_v go_v and_o dine_v at_o siut_a if_o one_o take_v the_o morning_n in_o the_o province_n of_o momfallot_n they_o reckon_v one_o and_o fifty_o town_n six_o and_o thirty_o at_o the_o west_n side_n of_o nilus_n and_o fifteen_o at_o the_o east_n which_o agree_v not_o with_o the_o relation_n of_o james_n albert_n of_o egypt_n who_o reckon_v up_o two_o hundred_o and_o seventeen_o in_o this_o he_o be_v mistake_v here_o be_v one_o and_o twenty_o church_n or_o monastery_n eleven_o at_o the_o westside_n of_o nilus_n namely_o moharrak_fw-mi with_o that_o of_o the_o abyssins_n near_a by_o the_o church_n of_o the_o angel_n gabriel_n at_o buk_n that_o of_o s._n theodore_n at_o timsahte_n that_o of_o s._n george_n at_o ballot_n that_o of_o the_o archangel_n raphael_n at_o tetelie_o that_o of_o s._n philothea_n at_o nemire_n that_o of_o the_o arch-angel_n gabriel_n and_o raphael_n at_o benekelb_n that_o of_o s._n mercurius_n at_o gauli_n that_o of_o the_o holy_a virgin_n at_o meessera_n that_o of_o s._n john_n of_o heraclea_n at_o om_fw-la il_fw-fr kossur_n there_o be_v twelve_o at_o the_o east-side_n of_o nilus_n namely_o the_o church_n of_o s._n theodore_n martyr_n s._n john_n son_n at_o bossra_n the_o monastery_n of_o s._n menna_n surname_v thoumatourgos_n at_o the_o church_n of_o the_o holy_a virgin_n at_o and_o another_o at_o maabde_v the_o church_n of_o mary_n poctor_n at_o gebravi_n another_o of_o the_o same_o saint_n at_o fadda_n that_o of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n at_o bene_n mohammed_a that_o of_o s._n george_n at_o bene_n morr_n and_o three_o that_o be_v at_o ibnub_n il_fw-fr hammam_fw-la namely_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n the_o church_n of_o s._n john_n the_o baptist_n and_o that_o of_o abufam_n il_fw-fr ghindi_fw-la the_o seven_o day_n of_o this_o month_n i_o go_v about_o seven_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n for_o siut_a where_o i_o arrive_v about_o noon_n these_o be_v the_o village_n in_o the_o way_n 1._o mandara_n where_o several_a ruin_n remain_v that_o bespeak_v it_o to_o have_v be_v a_o great_a town_n 2._o hantaca_n 3._o gauli_n where_o be_v to_o be_v see_v some_o ancient_a ruin_n and_o a_o old_a bridge_n to_o give_v passage_n to_o the_o river_n nilus_n when_o it_o overflow_v the_o country_n 4._o negghe_o where_o the_o caravan_n common_o rest_v that_o come_v from_o dungala_n when_o it_o go_v towards_o cairo_n 5._o benehsein_fw-fr and_o a_o little_o further_a coum_n benehsein_n where_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o tomb_n of_o one_o call_v sciech_n iscander_n 6._o mongabat_fw-la that_o new_a which_o be_v a_o very_a good_a town_n at_o the_o west_n of_o nilus_n and_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n hard_o by_o old_a mongabat_n but_o now_o ruinate_v at_o last_o we_o come_v to_o siut_a which_o lie_v south-south-east_n from_o momfallot_n when_o i_o be_v arrive_v at_o siut_a i_o take_v two_o chamber_n in_o the_o house_n call_v occalet_n il_fw-fr hammam_fw-la or_o the_o bathing-house_n so_o name_v because_o it_o be_v over_o against_o a_o public_a bath_n and_o though_o it_o be_v but_o little_a it_o be_v pleasant_a and_o commodious_a a_o few_o day_n after_o i_o crave_v acquaintance_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o city_n call_v amba_fw-la joannes_n he_o be_v a_o very_a honest_a man_n of_o a_o good_a life_n he_o make_v i_o know_v a_o certain_a coptie_a name_v muallim_n athanasius_n the_o only_a man_n of_o all_o the_o upper_a egypt_n that_o understand_v his_o natural_a tongue_n that_o be_v the_o copty_v but_o i_o can_v not_o benefit_v myself_o much_o by_o he_o because_o he_o be_v deaf_a and_o about_o fourscore_o year_n of_o age_n nevertheless_o i_o have_v the_o satisfaction_n to_o behold_v that_o man_n with_o who_o the_o copty_v language_n will_v be_v utter_o loft_n siut_a call_v in_o
but_o little_a encompass_v about_o with_o the_o ruin_n two_o of_o these_o pillar_n be_v on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o door_n and_o two_o on_o the_o other_o three_o be_v yet_o stand_v only_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o four_o appear_v they_o be_v make_v of_o a_o certain_a white_a sandy_a stone_n which_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n near_o this_o town_n they_o be_v hollow_a on_o the_o side_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o middle_n but_o the_o rest_n upward_o be_v smooth_a the_o bottom_n or_o bulk_n be_v nigh_o thirteen_o foot_n about_o their_o capital_n be_v of_o two_o piece_n seven_o foot_n in_o diameter_n every_o bottom_n be_v of_o five_o piece_n and_o every_o piece_n be_v seven_o foot_n long_o there_o be_v behind_o this_o palace_n on_o the_o southeast_n side_n four_z other_o pillar_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n form_n and_o substance_n but_o they_o be_v overthrow_v i_o can_v scarce_o discern_v where_o their_o basis_n stand_v the_o pillar_n of_o marcus_n aurelius_n stand_v at_o the_o north-west_n side_n of_o this_o old_a palace_n the_o same_o day_n i_o go_v again_o to_o see_v the_o pillar_n of_o marcus_n aurelius_n its_o basis_n be_v thirteen_o foot_n high_a make_v up_o with_o eight_o rank_n of_o stone_n the_o first_o and_o low_a be_v half_a in_o the_o ground_n and_o half_a out_o the_o second_o be_v two_o foot_n high_a the_o three_o a_o foot_n and_o eight_o inch_n the_o four_o five_o and_o six_o upon_o which_o be_v the_o inscription_n each_o two_o foot_n and_o two_o inch_n the_o seven_o bend_v out_o the_o eight_o be_v the_o immediate_a basis_n upon_o which_o the_o pillar_n stand_v this_o basis_n be_v five_o foot_n long_o and_o two_o foot_n and_o ten_o inch_n high_a it_o be_v square_a in_o the_o bottom_n in_o the_o middle_a octogone_n or_o of_o eight_o angle_n and_o in_o the_o top_n oval_n upon_o this_o stone_n be_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pillar_n which_o be_v make_v up_o of_o five_o piece_n the_o lowermost_a be_v beautify_v with_o oaken_a leaf_n carve_v in_o the_o stone_n i_o have_v never_o see_v the_o like_a elsewhere_o it_o be_v three_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a high_a the_o four_o other_o piece_n be_v of_o seven_o foot_n each_o and_o three_o inch_n long_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o pillar_n be_v of_o three_o foot_n and_o seven_o inch_n the_o capital_a be_v of_o one_o stone_n three_o foot_n and_o a_o inch_n high_a the_o circumference_n be_v of_o seven_o foot_n upon_o the_o capital_a stand_v a_o unpolished_a stone_n four_o foot_n and_o two_o inch_n long_o and_o three_o foot_n high_a i_o perceive_v that_o in_o this_o town_n heretofore_o there_o have_v be_v two_o street_n more_o remarkable_a than_o the_o other_o one_o begin_v at_o the_o abulkerun_v and_o end_v at_o the_o four_o pillar_n of_o marcus_n aurelius_n stretch_v from_o east_n to_o north._n this_o street_n be_v adorn_v with_o two_o rank_n of_o pillar_n one_o rank_n in_o each_o side_n the_o second_o begin_v at_o the_o arch_n of_o triumph_n which_o be_v at_o one_o 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