Selected quad for the lemma: country_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
country_n	ancient_a	call_v	part_n	2,588	5	4.2921	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28438	Janua scientiarum, or, A compendious introduction to geography, chronology, government, history, phylosophy, and all genteel sorts of literature by Charles Blount ...	Blount, Charles, 1654-1693.	1684 (1684)	Wing B3306; ESTC R2203	36,273	146

Consuls limited with Senators and Tribunes and in time of War or distress by Dictators who becoming perpetual were at last called Emperours Qu. How many were the first Kings of Rome name them in order Ans Seven to wit Romulus Numa Pompilius Tullius Hostilius Ancus Martius Tarquinius Priscius Servius Tullius and Tarquinius Superbus who by reason of his Tyranny was the last King of the Romans after whom they govern'd by Consuls till the Emperours times Qu. Who was the first Roman Emperour Ans Julius Caesar who making himself perpetual Dictator and having defeated Pompey took upon him the sole government of the Empire and so began the fourth Monarchy called the Roman which was afterwards established by Augustus Qu. How many years was it from the building of the City of Rome to the death of Julius Caesar Ans 710 years which was about 42 years before the Birth of Christ who was 14 years old when Augustus dy'd Qu. The first period of this Roman Empire reaching from Julius Caesar to Constantine the Great tell me in order the Names of the several Emperours Ans Julius Caesar Augustus Tiberius Caligula Claudius Nero Galba Otho Vitellius Flavius Vespasian Titus Vespasian Domitian Nerva Trajanus Adrianus Antonius Pius Anton. Phylosoph Commodus Pertinax Didius Julianus Septimius Severus Caracalla Macrinus Heliogabalus Alexander Severus Maximinus Thrax Balbinus Puppienus Gordianus Philippus Arabs Decius Tribonianus Gallus Valerian Galienus Claudius secund ' Aurelianus Tacitus Probus Carus Dioclesian and Constantius Chloras Father of Constantine the Great Qu. How many years was it from Julius Caesar to Constantine the Great Ans About 355 years Qu. Why is the first period of the Roman Empire reckon'd but to Constantine the Great when he had so many considerable Emperours that succeeded him as Constantius Julian the Apostate and others Ans First because Constantine the Great was the first Christian Emperour and secondly because he removed the Imperial Seat from Rome in Italy to Byzantium in Greece where building a great City he call'd it after his own Name Constantinople which soon after produced a division of the Empire into East and West betwixt Arcadius and Honorius and so it continued for several years under two several Emperours Qu. What became of the Empire of the East after its division Ans The Empire of the East together with its chief City Constantinople was taken by the Turks who now possess it about 230 years ago from the last Greek Emperour Constantius Palaeologus whereupon 't is observ'd that as the City of Constantinople was built by a Constantine the first whose Mothers Name was St. Helena so likewise was it lost under a Constantine the eleventh whose Mothers Name also was Helena Qu. What became of the Empire of the West which was held at Rome after Honorius Ans About 100 years after Honorius the Empire of the West was destroy'd together with its Emperour Augustulus by Odoacer King of the Herulii which Empire hath been since succeeded by two Successions of Western Franks the first beginning with Charles the Great and the second with Radulphus Auspurgensis of the House of Austria who possesses the German Empire at this present time But here it is observable how that as the Roman Empire was founded by an Augustus so was it lost by an Augustulus Qu. How was the Roman Empire destroy'd Ans By the Invasion of Barbarians such as were the Hunns Goths and Vandals Qu. Which are the best Writers of this Fourth or Roman Monarchy Ans Caesar's Commentaries Dionysius Halicarnasseus Valerius Maximus Livy Plutarch Suetonius Tacitus both the Plinies Velleius Paterculus Ammianus Marcellinus Appian Lucius Florus Herodian Polybius Dion Cassius Salust Zozimus Procopius Jornandes Cassiodorus Agathias Historiae Augustae Scriptores and all the Byzantine Writers besides many learned modern Authors of the same Subject LIB IV. OF THE GREEK and ROMAN HISTORIANS Qu WHich are the most eminent of the Greek Historians Ans Herodotus Thucydides Xenophon Polybius Diodorus Siculus Dionysius Halicarnasseus Josephus Plutarch Philostratus Arrianus Laertius Appian Dion Cassius Herodian Eunapius Zozimus Eusebius and the Byzantine Historians as Procopius Agathias c. Qu. What account have you of Herodotus Ans Herodotus born at Halicarnassus a City in Greece is the most ancient of Historians we have extant next to Moses and therefore called by Cicero the Father of History He lived about 450 years before Christ when being a man of Quality and Power in his Countrey and opposing Lydamus his Cities Tyrant he was forced to fly to Thurium where he wrote those Nine Books of History which Posterity called by the names of the Nine Muses and which contained the most remarkable Transactions of the World during 240 years beginning from the time of Cyrus the first King of Persia and so on to Xerxes's time wherein Herodotus himself lived As for the Life of Homer though very ancient and ascribed to him it is thought to have been wrote by some other hand Herodotus his Stile like Homer's is sweet and easie his Dialect Ionick Some as Plutarch and Chrysostom esteem him fabulous but Camerarius Stephens especially our late Voyages and Discoveries have sufficiently vindicated him He dyed and was buried at Thurium Qu. What account have you of Thucydides Ans Thucydides was twelve years younger than Herodotus and lived 438 years before Christ Being but a Boy he wept at the hearing of Herodotus repeat his History whereby Herodotus presaged his future parts He was the Son of Orolus of a Royal Extraction and married a rich Wife the King of Thrace his Daughter by which means he expended much money both to the Athenians and Lacedemonians for good intelligence of their proceedings whereof being well informed he wrote his History and call'd it A possession for everlasting which gives an account of the Peleponesian Wars with the Athenians for one and twenty years together in 8 Books whereof the last seems uncorrect and unfinished to the former seven which makes some think it wrote by his Daughter others by Theopompus but Vossius by Thucydides himself whilst he was sick His method is preferr'd above all others His Stile pithy and full of matter His Dialect most pure Attick However Dyonisius accuses him of using obsolete words His Orations filled with good Argument but tedious Lastly he was an enemy to Fables and his Relations most faithful writing only of such things as were acted in his own time and knowledg which advantage Herodotus wanted Qu. What account have you of Xenophon Ans Xenophon by Birth an Athenian and Son of one Grillus lived 400 years before Christ He was a second Tresmegistus being a great Captain Phylosopher and Historiographer His Attick Dialect was so pure that he was called Apes Attica and was therefore envy'd and hated of Plato He was so generous that he exposed the Writings of Thucydides which he might have delivered for his own Xenophon's History treats of 46 years Transactions of the Greeks and begins where Thucydides ended shewing

Philometor 7 Ptolo Physcon 8 Ptolom Lamyrus 9 Ptolom Alexander 10 Ptol Lamyrus redux 11 Ptol Auletes 12 Ptolom Dijonisius 13 Cleopatra Daughter of Ptolom Auletes who was not only the Beloved Mistress of Julius Saesar but also of Mark Anthony whose Over throw at Actium made her in despair throw away her Life by the Biting of an Asp by her Death Egypt was also reduced into a Province Under the ROMANS Who An o M 3924 began first Period of the fourth MONARCHY or ROMAN EMPIRE which reach'd to Constantine the Great lasted 355 yeares under 1. JULIUS CAESAR 2 Augustus 3 Tiberius 4 Caligula 5 Claudius 6 Nero 7 Galba 8 Otho 9 Vitellius 10 Flavius Vespasian 11 Tytus Vespasian 12 Domitian 13 Nerva 14 Trajanus 15 Adrianus 16 Antoninus Pius 17 Antoninus Phylosophus 18 Commodus 19 Pertinax 20 Didius Julianus 21 Septimius Severus 22 Carracalla 23 Macrinus 24 Heliogabalus 25 Alexand Severus 26 Maximinus Thrax 27 Balbinus Puppienus 28 Gordianus 29 Phillippus Arabs 30 Decius 31 Tribonianus Gallus 32 Valerian 33 Galienus 34 Claudius Secundus 35 Aurelianus 36 Tacitus 37 Probus 38 Carus 39 Dyoclesian and 40 Constantius Chlorus The Father of Constantine the Great Who Removing the Seat of the Empire from Rome to Byzantium in Greece did there after his one Name Erect Constantinople where as Historians reckon began A. Ch. 306 the Empire of the East LIB I. OF GEOGRAPHY Qu. WHat is Geography Ans It is the description of the Globe of the Earth and differs from Topography which is the description of particular places as the whole differs from a part Qu. Into how many parts is the Earth divided Ans Into four Europe Asia Africa and America both North and South Qu. Which are the chief Countreys of Europe Ans Europe may be divided into these three parts I. on the Continent Scandinavia which comprehends Sweden Denmark and Norway Muscovy or Russia France Germany Poland Spain Italy and part of Turkey II. The British-Isles as England Scotland and Ireland III. Isles on the Mediterranean as Sardinia Candia Sicily Corcia Majorca and Minorca Qu. Which are the chief Countreys of Asia Ans Asia may be divided also into three parts as I. On the Continent part of Turkey Georgia Arabia Persia India or Moguls Countrey China and Tartaria II. Isles on the Ocean as Maldivies Ceylan Sunda Molucques Philippines and Japan III. Isles on the Mediterranean as Cyprus Rhodes Scio and Metelin Qu. Which are the chief Countreys of Africa Ans Africa in like manner may be divided into three parts as I. On the Continent Barbary Aegypt Biledulgerid Zaara Countrey of Negroes Guiney Nubia Abissinea or Aethiopia Zanguebar Congo Monomotapa Caffares II. Isles on the Ocean as Madera Canaries Cape Verde St. Thomas St. Helena Madagascar or St. Lawrence and Zocotora III. an Isle on the Mediterranean-Sea called Malta Qu. Which are the chief Countreys of America Ans Which America do you mean for it is usually divided into North and South Qu. Which then are the chief parts of the Northern America Ans The Northern America may likewise be divided into three parts as I. On the Continent the Arctickland New north Wales New south Wales New Britain Canada New France New Scotland New England New York New Jersey or Pennsylvania Mary-Land Virginia Carolina Florida Mexico or New Spain New Mexico Land of Jesso and Anian II. Isles on the North Sea as New-found-land and the Antilles which comprehend Jamaica together with all the Lucaif and Caribbe-Isles III. an Island in the South Sea named California Qu. Which are the chief parts of the Southern America Ans The Southern America excepting one Island called Magellanick is all a Continent having in it these several Countreys viz. the firm Land Magellan Peru Amazones Chili Brasil and Paraquay Qu. What is a Continent Ans A Continent is one great parcel of Land wherein are many Countreys joyned together without being seperated by the Sea Qu. What is an Island Ans An Island is any part of Earth encompassed round with Water as Great Britain and Ireland Qu. Of what extent or circumference is the Earth judged to be Ans Geographers divide the Globe into 360 parts or degrees So that reckoning each Degree to be 73 Italian miles or 69 English which is the same its Circumference will appear to be 26286 miles and its Diameter 8365 miles Qu. Of what scituation and extent is Europe Ans Europe is for the most part scituate in the Northern Temperate Zone and contains within its bounds the principal part of the Roman and Graecian Monarchies whose length from Cape-finis-terre on the west of Spain to the River Ianais in Muscovy is 2400 miles and breadth from Cape-Metapan in Morea to the most Northern Promontory of Norway about 2100 miles Qu. How is Europe bounded Ans Europe is bounded on the North with the Northern Ocean or frozen Sea on the West with the Western or Atlantick Ocean on the South with the Mediterranean Sea parting Europe from Africa and lastly on the East it is divided from Asia by the Rivers Duina and Tanais Qu. Of what scituation and extent is Asia Ans Asia from whence sprang the first Monarchies and Religions of the World and now possess'd by four the greatest Princes of the Earth viz. the Grand Seignior Sultan of Persia Great Mogul and Cham of China and Tartary is seated mostly in the Temperate Zone and extends in length from Smyrna in the West to the farthest part of Tartary near Jesso in the East about 4800 miles and in breadth from the lowest part of Malacca in the South to the Streights of Weigats in the North near 4200 miles Qu. How is Asia bounded Ans Asia on the west is seperated from Africa by the Red-Sea and by the Istmhus of Sues from Europe by the Rivers Tanais and Duina and towards the other part of the World is environ'd by the Tartarian Chinean Indian Persian and Arabian Seas Qu. Of what scituation and extent is Africa Ans Africa is scituated under the Torrid Zone being in length from Cape-Verde to Gaardafuy 4300 miles and in breadth from Cape-Bon to the Cape of good-hope 4200 miles Qu. How is Africa bounded Ans Africa is formed like a Triangle and seperated from all parts of the World but Asia by four Seas being limited on the North by the Mediterranean on the East by the Red-Sea or Arabian-Gulph on the South by the Aethiopian and on the West by the Atlantick-Ocean Qu. How is America bounded Ans America the fourth and last known part of the World which Columbus first discovered 190 years ago is bounded on the East by the Atlantick and Vergivian Seas which part it from Europe and Africa on the West by Mare Pacificum which divides it from Asia on the South by Terra incognita seperated by the Streights of Magellan and on the North by parts as yet undiscovered so as no extent thereof can certainly be given Qu. Now forasmuch as it concerns all

for Decius the Samnite for Sextilius and others Likewise his two Books of Analogy gave him great repute among the Grammarians Besides which he wrote several other Tracts of Augurie and witty Apothegms as well as of the motion of the Stares which he had Learnt in Egypt and wherein he Prognosticated his own Death on the Ides of March as the Elder Pliny relates nor is he less eminent for his Reformation of the Kalender But what surpassed all his other Writings were his seven Books of Commentaries describing nothing but his own Actions and things that he himself had seen Asinius Pollio that carping Critick accuses him as Suetonius saith for suerving from the Truth in many Relations about himself and that he differs extreamly from the account which Dion Plutarch and other Authors give of the same Actions as also that he reports many things unjustly to the Defamation of the Ancient Gauls But these Censures are only conjectural As for the excellency of his Stile 't is so Easie Natural and Eloquent that his Latin has ever been compar'd to Xenophon's Greek as well as his other Characters The eight Book of his Commentaries was written by Hirtius Caesars Writings though adorn'd with some Orations are destitute of many Rhetorical Ornaments wherewith he could have beautified them in so much that Cicero esteems his Commentaries to be nothing but short Notes prepared by Caesar in order to a more compleat History had not his untimely Murder prevented him Qu. What account have you of Salust Ans Crispus Salustius or as others call him Sallustius was born at Amiternum in the Sabines Territory the third year of the 173 d. Olympiad which was the same year that Sylla's Souldiers took and Sack'd Athens for he was Elder than Caesar though he out-liv'd him seven years Salust was first Educated in Rome spending his youth in Ingenious Studies so as to be preferr'd to many considerable Offices in the Government as Senator Tribune Treasurer and Praetour in Africk by the favour of Julius Caesar in which last Office by his Extortions he grew so vastly Rich as to purchase the Village Tiburte and his Country-house at Tivoli as well as the chief Houses on Mount Quirinal in Rome together with those spacious Gardens called at this day The Gardens of Salust He was descended from the Noble Salustian Family and Educated under his Tutor Attejus Praetextatus Philologus Of his Works Catalin's Conspiracy and the Jugurthine War are the two chief that are extant Besides which he wrote the History of Rome from its foundation with a particular Narration of Marius and Sylla as also the Atchievments of Pompey in the Mithridatick War of all which we have only some few Fragments remain but for the true delivery of his Punick History he was so Zealous that he Travail'd into Africa on purpose to be the better inform'd His Stile in imitation of Thucydides whom Quintilian compares him to is Concise Short and Pithy Of the Ancients as well as Tacitus and Seneca as St. Austin did highly esteem Salust and of the modern Criticks Lipsius Turnebus and Scaliger prefer him to Caesar or Livy Nevertheless Asinius Pollio Livy and others accuse him for inventing new words as well as for the using obsolete ones and for too much obscure brevity in his expressions wherein Tacitus imitates him He is likewise censur'd for stealing out of Thucycides and Cato many Select Sentences and for the too often repetition of the same words as well as for inserting many inessential things into his History more especially his two Prefaces before Catalin's Conspiracy and the Jugurthine War which relate not at all to the following subjects But the first a general Harangue against Idleness and the second an Invective against those whom Debauchery diverted from their Employs Yet that for the which he was the most condemned is his own extravagant Life so much contrary to his Writings When not being satisfied with his own Wife Terentia whom he married after her Divorce from Cicero he was taken in Adultery with Fausta Lucius Sylla's Daughter for the which he was not only expell'd the Senate but condemn'd also to be Whipt by Milo and fain to buy off that punishment with Money Finally his Orations discover both his amity to Caesar and enmity to Cicero Notwithstanding some question whether these two address'd to Caesar were Salusts or no. But most certain it is that that one Oration which Cicero ascribes to Salust is counterfeit and none of his it being in no wise Historical The most considerable of his Friends were Julius Caesar Cornelius Nepos Messala and Nigidius Figulus Qu. What account have you of Livy Ans Titus Livius Patavinus was born at Padua and flourish'd chiefly under Augustus and Tiberius He began to write after Augustus's Triumph for the War at Actium and finished his History in the beginning of Tiberius's reign He wrote as Seneca tells us many Philosophical Dialogues before he came to Rome the which he dedicated to Augustus Caesar whereby he procured his Favour And Quintinian informs us that in a Letter to his Son he deliver'd many excellent Precepts of Rhetorick but his chief Piece is his History which contain'd 142 Books or as some say but 140. beginning with the Foundation of Rome by Romulus and extending for the space of 746 years to the German War mannag'd by Drusus who lost his Life in that Expedition This History was not divided into Decades as now we find it by Livy himself but by others since his time And of the 140 or 142 Books which he wrote there remain at present not above 35. neither are those altogether entire For that the whole second Decade is wanting also we have but the first third and fourth with half of the fifth which was found at Wormes by one Symon Gryneus Likewise the beginning of the fourty third Book has been lately recover'd by a Manuscript in the Chapter of Bamberg But for the remaining fourteen Decades we must rest contented with the Epitomy of Florus who as some vainly fancy was the occasion of the loss of the whole His Stile notwithstanding Asinius Pollio blames it for its Patavinity or Paduan Dialect where he writes sibe for sibi and quase for quasi as we now pronounce it is yet extoll'd by Quintilian as most Eloquent and his History equall'd to Herodotus Also however the Emperour Caligula accuses him of Verbosity yet the same Prince was no less an enemy to Homer Virgil Seneca and all Ingenious men It is true that Augustus blamed Livy for too much favouring Pompey's party against Caesar but yet he withdrew not his favor from him as perceiving it his Countries cause who were all of the Pompejan Faction Again Trogus Pompejus as Justin informs us accuses Livy's Orations as too direct and long which censure might happily arise out of Jealousy betwixt two Historians of the same Age and Subject And for what Mascardi blames him of beginning his History with part of an Hexameter Verse