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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A20934	The antibarbarian: or, A treatise concerning an unknowne tongue As well in the prayers of particulars in private as in the publique liturgie. Wherein also are exhibited the principall clauses of the Masse, which would offend the people, if they understood them. By Peter Du Moulin, minister of the Word of God in the church of Sedan and professor of divinitie.; Antibarbare. English	Du Moulin, Pierre, 1568-1658.; Baylie, Richard.	1630 (1630)	STC 7311; ESTC S111063	73,776	306

Syria and in Egypt and in Cilicia and in Cappadocia and Galatia and had made it so familiar that the vulgar tongues used before the raigne of Seleucides and of Ptolomie were lesse familiar then the Greeke For evermore preaching ought to be accommodated to the eare of the simple people even so in the Churhes of Gascogne and of Languedock Sermons and publicke service are performed in French although different from the tongue of the Countrey But the French is there in such sort understood by the people that they farre better love the French then the Gascogne and understand it with like facilitie Mounsieur the Cardinall was not ignorant of this which appeareth by this that he maintaines onely that in the East the Greek was not the vulgar tongue but maintaines not that the Greeke was not there understood by that meanes he wanders from the question For our difference is not that the publike service ought to be said in a vulgar tongue but whether it ought to bee done in a tongue understood of the people Saint Hierome in the preface of his second booke upon the Epistle to the Galathians saith that the tongue of the Galathians was like to that of the Gauls of Treves But there he speakes of the tongue that the Galathians had brought to the Countrey and not of that which they there had learned The Cardinall Du Perron useth this place of Saint Hierome to prove that in Galatia the Greeke was not the vulgar tongue But he fasifies this place according to his wonted manner which maketh wholly against him The words of Saint Hierome are Galatas excepto sermone Graeco quo omnis Oriens loquitur propriam eandem linguam habere quam Treveros That the Galathians besides the Greeeke tongue which all the East useth have a tongue proper like to that of them of Treves This place speakes clearely that the Greeke was current in Galatia as in all the East But the Cardinall alleadgeth Saint Hierome in these words The tongue of the Galathians was like to that of the Gaules neere to Treves This falsification is evident Besides the Apostle writing to the Galathians in Greeke presupposed that they understood the Greeke The Lycaonian language which is mentioned in the 14. Chapter of the Acts verse 11. was rather a dialect then a diversitie of tongues and though indeed it had beene a tongue a part of it selfe yet so it is that it appeareth that the Greeke tongue was understood by Lycaonians seeing that Paul and Barnabas speake to the multitude the presse and throngue of the people in Greeke CHAP. XII By what meanes the Latine tongue is brought into divine service in France and in Spaine FRom the East Du Perron passeth on to the West and saith that thorowout all the West the service was done in Latine for wheresoever the publike service was done in Latine there also were preached the Sermons in the same tongue and the Letany was there understood by women and children It will not bee found that in times past the service hath beene in Latine in any Countrey Where the Latine was not understood thus amongst rhe Gauls the service was done in Latine because the Latine was there more used then the ancient French tongue which was so abolished by little and little in such sort that the Gaules were called Romanes and are so ordinarily called by Gregorie of Tours and distinguished by that name from the Franks and Burgunians which were strangers and the tongue of the Countrey was called Roman different from the tongue of the Court which was high-Dutch such as is spoken in Guelders and Iubiers This difference continued still unto the time of Charlemagne For in the third Councill of Tours held under his raigne in the yeare 812. Chap. 17. there is commandement given to every Bishop to have a Et ut easdem homilias quisque apertè trāsferre studeat in rusticam Romanam linguam aut Theotiscam quo facilius cuncti possint intelligere quae dicantur Homilies or Sermons in two tongues to wit in the countrey Romane tongue that is the tongue of the common people and in the Theotisk or Tudesk that is to say in the high-Dutch tongue to the end that all might understand the Sermons Now this was the time wherein the French-Church began by the violence of this King to receive the Romish service notwithstanding the resistance of the Clergie who before that had the Ambrosian service and was not in any thing subject to the Bishop of Rome Vnder the Empire of Marcus Aurelius about the yeare of our Lord 168. the Christian Religion began to spread it selfe amongst the Gaules and then first began there to be Martyrs as saith Sulpitius Severus a Gaulois Author neere about that time in his 2. booke of his sacred Historie b Sub Aurelio deinde Antonini silio persecutio iquinta agitata Ac tum primum intra Gallias martyria visa serius trans Alpes Dei religione transgressa under Aurelius saith he the Sonne of Antoninus the fift persecution was raised up and then first were seene Martyrs in France the Religion of God having very slowly passed over the Alps. At this time the Latine tongue was so familiar amongst the Gaules that it was more used then the old Gaulois and the language of the Countrey was called Roman and the French Romans as we have said Besides it is to be presumed that this Latine of the Gaules or old French-men was not so polished nor so congruous as that of the towne of Rome Whereupon also Pacatus in a Panegirick to Theodosius Tum difficilius pro genita atquae haereditaria orādi facilitate non esse fastidio rudē hunc incultum Trāsalpini sermonis horrorem excuseth himselfe in that he spake not Latine so well as they that were borne in Italie Then were the contracts and lawpleas and all the acts of justice done in Latine The Gottick lawes which were observed from the straits of Gibraltar unto the river of Loyre abridged by the Code of Theodosius by the Kings of the Visigots were Latines as teacheth Fauchet the most learned French Antiquarie that wee have in the life of King Clovis In the yeare of our Lord 252. under the Emperour Decius according as observeth Gregorie of Tours in the first booke of his Historie Gratian came to Tours to preach the Gospell amongst the Pagans and Saturnine to Tholouse and Dionysius to Paris where he was Bishop and there suffered Martyrdome This is he whom they falsely surname Dionysius Areopagita Saturnine was cast downe headlong from the Capitoll of Tholouse These mens tongues being Latine and preaching to a people that spake Latine it is no marvaile if they established the service in Latine not after the Romish manner but with diverse Ceremonies according to the necessitie of the times and decensie of the places to reclaime and civilize the Pagans Which diversitie continued untill the Ambrosian service was received by the Gaules which

amongst them bore the sway untill the time of Charlemaigne who brought in the Romish service The Franks being entred France and having made themselves masters unto the river of Loire for the rest unto the Pirene was held by the Visigots unto the time of Clovis who left not the Visigots that raigned also in Spaine any more but Languedoc which the Romanes called Septimania Fauchet in the life of Cloves chap. 15. and a small part of Guien the Latine or Romane tongue was corrupted and fell from her puritie yet for all that not in such sort that divine service which was done in Latine was not still understood Wee have formerly heard the witnesse of Sulpitius Severus in the life of Saint Martin reciting that one of the people taking up the Psalter in the place of the absent Deacon or Reader began to reade the 8. Psalme wherein there is ut destruas inimicum defensorem which raised such a shout of the people against one called Defensor who opposed himselfe against the election of Martin unto the Bishopricke Prosper of Aquitan writ about the yeare of our Lord 450. He in 1. booke of the contemplative life Chap. 23 will have the preachers language to bee simple and plaine sit simplex apertus etiamsi minus Latinus disciplinatus tamen gravis let it be simple and open although it be not so good latine yet let it be regular and grave that it may not hinder any though he be ignorant to understand it Now he speakes of the people of Guien Much about the same time lived Sidonius Apolinaris Bishop of Clermunt in Auvernie who maried the daughter of the Emperour Avitus by whom hee had children This Bishop Vt nisi vel paucissimi quique meram Latiaris linguae pro prietatem de trivialium barbarismorum rubigine vindicav eris eam brevi abolitam defleamus who writ all his letters in Latine preacht also in Latine In the tenth Epistle of the second booke hee complaines that in his time amongst the common people the puritie and proprietie of the Latine tongue fell away and degenerated into Barbarisme and in his Epistle to Perpetuus Pope for so then were stiled all the Bishops a little more respected then the common sort of Bishops which is the ninth of the seaventh booke there is a Latine Sermon made by the said Sidonius to the people of Bourges an undoubted proofe that the people of Bourges understood the Latine Now albeit that the medley of the Visigots and of the Franks among the Gaules had altered the latine tongue yet so it was that the Latine could not thereby be utterly rooted out but rather the Kings of the Franks whose language was that of Guelders to accommodate themselves unto and to comply with their people learned the Latine tongue as witnesseth Fortunatus speaking of King Aribert Cum sis progenitus clara de gente Sicamber Floret in eloquio lingua Latina tuo But thorow laps of time the Latine being abastardised amongst the Gauls and the Thioise abolisht the Romane was corrupted in such sort that it became another tongue from the Latine And alreadie in the time of the second race of our Kings the tongue of the Countrey was no more Latine and neverthelesse thorow the negligence of Bishops and by the ignorance of people there was no care taken to put the divine service into the vulgar tongue One might see that then the studdie of the Bishops was to adorne their Churches and to heape together reliques and to finde out men that had a faire Organe to diversifie and descant on a Church song and make their voices sound out the loudest Images were not as yet received into them nor the single life of the Clergie nor the power of the Popes nor Purgatorie nor Romish indulgences But the Warres of the French in Italie against the Lumbards in the time of Pepin and of his Sonne Charlemagne brought a strait communion betweene our Kings and the Bishop of Rome who in that warre used all his power and was a mortall enemy of the Lumbards Whence it fell out that Pepin and after him Charles his Sonne and Lewis le Debonnaire Charles his Sonne bestowed on the Bishops of Rome great presents and gave them all the lands and possessions which the Pope holdeth at this day in Italie reserving neverthelesse the Royaltie Vnto these benefits Charlemaigne added this That at the request of Pope Adrian I. See Durand in the 5. book of his Ratioonal chap. 2. and Fauchet in 7. booke of his french Antiquities in the yeare 796. hee abolished out of the Kingdome of France the Ambrosian Service and established therein by force and Maugre the Clergie of France the Romish or Gregorian service By this change the Latine tongue in the publike service was fully established for that which was but done formerly thorow the negligence of the Bishops of France from thenceforth was done by law according as the servitude increased from age to age It would be now a crime of Heresie and a manifest rebellion against the papall Sea to goe about to have divine service in any other tongue then in the Latine or Romane At this day one of the most essentiall Marks of the Romish Hierarchie is the Romish language And I wot not whether it was by chance or by conjecture or by inspiration that Ireneus above fourteene hundred yeares agoe in this word Latine found out the name of Antichrist and the number of six hundred sixtie six The like matters happened in Spaine where the Latine tongue became so frequent and so familiar that in the times of the Emperours Domitian and Trajan and a long time after them the Latine tongue was there as familiar as at Rome except in Arragon and in the Cantabrick Mountaines which is the countrey of Biscay and in Galicia Seneca and Quintilian and Martiall excellent Authors of the Laine tongue were Spaniards The Father and the Mother of Martial were called Fronto and Flacilla which are Romane names as also the names of Martial and of Quintilian an evident signe that the language was there Romane Whereupon we need not wonder if when the Christian religion thither entred the ordinarie service was done in Latine not for all that after the forme nor by the ordinance of the Bishop of Rome who indeed there was respected by reason of the dignitie of the Cittie but had not there any power nor jurisdiction In the yeare of our Lord ' 408. Genseric King of the Vādals Conquered Spaine upon the Romane Empire which a while after he left to passe over into Africa and left the place to the Visigots who raigning formerly in Aquitane made themselves masters of Spaine in the yeare of our Lord 417. The lawes of the Visigots were Latine and although their tongue was Gotick yet did they accommodate themselves to the Latine Whence likewise their Councills and generall Assemblies were made in Latine The office or ordinarie service of the

were also the Frisons Suibert in the yeare 704. and following very much advanced Christianitie along the Rhine and in the Countrey of Brandenbourge But it appeares not to us by Histories in what tongue hee established the service In the yeare 719. Winofrid surnamed Boniface preached the Gospell to the Germane Pagans sent by Gregory II. Pope a great defendor of images This Boniface being wholy given to the advancing of the Papal Sea I doubt not but that hee gave to the Germanes newly converted from Paganisme the service in the Romane forme and tongue CHAP. XIIII Concerning Africa and how the service in the Latine tongue entred thither COncerning Africa Mounsieur du Perron speakes thus Lib. 6. c. 1. p. 1091. Saint Augustine witnesseth to us that in Africa the custome which was amongst the people of pronouncing in singing of the Psalmes De doctrina Christiana lib. 2. cap. 13. Floret sanctificatio mea instead of saying Florebit was so deeply rooted thorow long use amongst the people that there was no meanes to bereave them or to weane them from it and yet neverthelesse it is certaine that the Latine tongue was not vulgar any where out of Italie and the townes of the Romane Colonies spread abroad thorow the Empire as was Carthage in Africa wherein the Latine tongue was vulgar whence it was that Saint Augustine as such saith that hee learned it from the blandishments and hugging of his Nurses This Prelat doth according to his accustomed manner which is to proove a thing which is not in controversie and so to wander from the question Hee saith that the Latine tongue was not vulgar in Africa but that is not the question Wee dispute not here of the vulgar tongue but of a tongue understood by the people It matters not whether the Latine was or was not the vulgar tongue in Africa the question is whether it was there understood or no. In this part of Africa which he noteth to us the Liturgie was said in Latine because the Latine tongue was there more common and better understood by the people then the Punick tongue which was their ancient vulgar tongue It is already much that Du Perron yeeldeth us that the Latine tongue was the vulgar tongue of Carthage a Capitall towne of Africa Hee confesseth also the like of the townes of Africa which were Colonies Now the vulgar tongue of the capitall towne of the countrey being Latine where the Proconsuls Court was and the officers of the Emperour and where the causes were judged in Latine and wherein there were an innumerable multitude of people and many other townes being Romane Colonies and thorow out all these townes they whom the Romanes called Curiales the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whom in France we call les Gens du Roy being Latine it is no wonder if all the people thorow the maine Countrey were accustomed to speake Latine and that the Latine tongue there was more usuall then the Punick tongue which was the vulgar tongue Wherefore as at Carthage so also at Bonne and in other townes of Africa subject to the Romanes not onely the Liturgie but also their Sermons were made in Latine In Latine it was that Saint Cyprian and Aurelius and Augustine preached The which Augustine being borne in the towne of Thagast or Tegest in Numidia where the people were halfe barbarous and farre from Carthage yet neverthelesse in the 1 of his Confessions Chapter 14. Latina didici sine vllo metu atque cruciatu inter etiam blandimenta nu tricum ioca arridentium saith hee had learned the Latine amongst the blandishments and flatteries of his Nurces for that his Father was a Courtier and an officer of the Romane Emperour as witnesseth Possidonius in the life of Saint Augustine And therefore also in the books of Saint Augustine there are many passages by the which it appeareth that the people of Africa understood the Latine better then the Punicke tongue As in the a Ser. 16. de verbis Apostoli Proverbium notum est Punicum quod quidē Latinè vobis dicam quia Punicè non omnes nostis 26. Sermon of the words of the Apostle hee speaketh thus to the people There is a Punicke proverbe well knowne which I will tell you in Latine because you doe not all of you understand the Punicke And upon the 50. Psalme We all know that in Latine wee say not sanguines nor sanguina And in his second booke of Christian doctrine Chapter 10. Cum dicimus bovem b Cum dicimus bovē intelligimus pecus quod omnes nobiscum Latinae linguae homines hoc nomine vocunt When wee say OXE we meane that beast which all they which with us are Latinists by tongue doe call by that name And in his first booke of retractations Chapter 20. c Volens causam Donatistarum ad ipsius humilimi vulgi omnino imperitorū idiotarum notitiam pervenire eorum quātùm fieri posset per nos inhaerere memoriae Psalmum qui eis cantaretur per literas Latinas feci Desiring that the cause of the Donatists might come to the knowledge of the common people and of the most ignorant and of very Idiots and that by our meanes it might bee deepely imprinted in their memories I have put it into Latine in a Psalme for them to sing By all this hitherto laid open it appeareth as cleare as day that the Primitive and ancient Church in Greece Egypt Asia Armenia Ethiopia Africa subject to the Romanes In Italie in France Spaine and England divine service was said in a tongue understood And this Mounsieur Du Perron covertly without any words acknowledged in that hee durst not say that in these Churches service was said in an unknowne tongue but maintaines that it was not said in the vulgar tongue and that is false too in Italie in Greece and in the most part of Asia the lesse In the Towne of Carthage and and in all the Romane Colonies of Africa and in all of them it is true without exception that Sermons and service were performed and done in the same tongue FINIS LONDON Printed by George Miller for George Edwards dwelling in Greene-Arbor without New-gate 1630.