may_v throw_v down_o stone_n of_o which_o there_o be_v always_o good_a store_n ready_a or_o what_o else_o they_o have_v to_o annoy_v the_o assailant_n it_o have_v one_o only_a gate_n for_o entrance_n and_o that_o likewise_o well_o fortify_v after_o their_o manner_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o it_o fifty_o or_o threescore_o great_a house_n build_v as_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o american_n general_o be_v that_o use_v house_n in_o a_o square_a figure_n each_o side_n be_v about_o fifty_o foot_n long_o or_o more_o and_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o broad_a but_o not_o many_o story_n high_a and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o court_n or_o void_a space_n a_o place_n to_o make_v their_o fire_n and_o do_v other_o necessary_a work_n about_o it_o the_o country_n round_o about_o this_o town_n pleasant_a and_o good_a 2._o stadac_n or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o stadacone_n another_o town_n of_o the_o native_n not_o far_o from_o the_o isle_n d'_fw-fr orleans_n westward_o 3._o quebeque_fw-la another_o old_a town_n which_o the_o french_a have_v first_o expel_v the_o native_n and_o make_v it_o a_o colony_n of_o their_o own_o have_v since_o name_v st._n croix_n 4._o tadousac_n a_o town_n lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n saguenay_n have_v a_o small_a haven_n but_o very_o safe_a and_o capable_a of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o good_a ship_n 5._o franceroy_a this_o be_v little_o more_o than_o a_o castle_n and_o fort_n build_v by_o mounsieur_fw-fr robeval_fw-fr a_o french_a man_n at_o his_o first_o land_v there_o about_o the_o year_n 1540_o and_o last_o st._n lewis_n a_o place_n which_o the_o french_a design_v for_o a_o colony_n in_o the_o year_n 1611_o under_o the_o command_n of_o monsieur_n champlain_n but_o it_o come_v not_o to_o effect_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o iroquois_n a_o savage_a and_o warlike_a people_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n canada_n who_o do_v often_o trouble_v and_o alarm_n the_o french_a in_o their_o quarter_n and_o particular_o hinder_v this_o plantation_n 3._o nova-scotia_n or_o new-scotland_n be_v a_o part_n of_o this_o province_n of_o america_n so_o name_v by_o sir_n william_n alexander_n a_o scottish_a gentleman_n to_o who_o king_n james_n give_v it_o by_o letter_n patent_n in_o the_o year_n 1621._o be_v make_v afterward_o secretary_n of_o state_n for_o scotland_n and_o after_o that_o by_o king_n charles_n earl_n of_o sterling_n it_o contain_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canada_n or_o new-france_n which_o the_o french_a call_n accadie_n or_o sometime_o cadia_n which_o proper_o be_v only_o a_o peninsula_n or_o half_a island_n lie_v thereabouts_o together_o with_o so_o much_o of_o the_o main_a land_n as_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n canada_n and_o the_o bay_n francoise_n that_o be_v reach_v from_o the_o river_n of_o st._n croix_n upon_o the_o west_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o assumption_n in_o the_o east_n this_o be_v do_v present_o after_o that_o sir_n samuel_n argall_n governor_n of_o virginia_n have_v out_v the_o french_a of_o all_o their_o possession_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o canada_n that_o be_v such_o as_o lay_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o virginia_n and_o new-england_n where_o they_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n to_o do_v much_o less_o to_o molest_v and_o make-warre_n upon_o such_o people_n as_o live_v quiet_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o english_a but_o the_o patentee_n after_o sometime_o find_v that_o to_o plant_v and_o maintain_v colony_n be_v no_o business_n to_o be_v undertake_v by_o a_o single_a person_n sell_v port-royall_a which_o be_v the_o principal_a place_n he_o have_v there_o to_o the_o french_a and_o whole_o discontinue_v his_o endeavour_n in_o the_o rest_n which_o the_o french_a therefore_o have_v since_o possess_v the_o place_n of_o chief_a importance_n in_o this_o country_n be_v 1._o port-royall_a above_o mention_v this_o be_v first_o a_o colony_n of_o french_a plant_v there_o by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr montz_n about_o the_o year_n 1604._o but_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o english_a from_o virginia_n about_o the_o year_n 1613._o it_o be_v grant_v to_o sir_n william_n alexander_n who_o as_o we_o hear_v sell_v it_o back_o again_o to_o the_o french_a and_o they_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o the_o second_o time_n and_o upon_o another_o account_n howbeit_o if_o report_n speak_v true_a as_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o world_n be_v always_o uncertain_a it_o be_v now_o again_o very_o late_o take_v from_o they_o by_o some_o english_a command_v by_o major_a sedgwick_n it_o have_v a_o reasonable_a good_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o of_o a_o mile_n broad_a and_o more_o within_o and_o two_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o mouth_n or_o entrance_n be_v somewhat_o narrow_a but_o near_o upon_o a_o mile_n over_o 2._o st._n luke_n bay_n so_o name_v by_o the_o colony_n which_o sir_n william_n alexander_n send_v thither_o but_o by_o the_o french_a port_n au_fw-fr mouton_n or_o sheep_n bay_n 3._o gaspe_n or_o gachepe_n another_o fair_a port_n right_o over_o against_o the_o isle_n of_o assumption_n 4._o to_o the_o south-west_n of_o nova_n scotia_n and_o nothward_o of_o virginia_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o norim_n begua_fw-la so_o general_o call_v and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v think_v from_o a_o great_a city_n or_o town_n in_o this_o province_n or_o from_o a_o river_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n but_o as_o for_o the_o first_o late_a discovery_n find_v none_o such_o and_o as_o for_o the_o river_n that_o shall_v be_v call_v norimbegua_n it_o be_v likewise_o swallow_v up_o in_o that_o which_o be_v more_o true_o call_v pemtegovet_v which_o be_v indeed_o a_o fair_a river_n run_v many_o mile_n together_o in_o this_o tract_n but_o not_o well_o navigable_a above_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o at_o the_o most_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cataract_n or_o great_a fall_n of_o water_n which_o it_o have_v and_o which_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n incident_a unto_o many_o other_o river_n of_o the_o new_a world_n and_o do_v make_v they_o at_o several_a place_n unpassable_a the_o mouth_n of_o this_o river_n be_v say_v to_o be_v eight_o or_o nine_o mile_n broad_a have_v many_o little_a mountainous_a island_n lie_v before_o and_o about_o it_o one_o whereof_z the_o french_a call_n la_fw-fr isle_n haute_fw-fr from_o the_o great_a height_n which_o it_o seem_v to_o bear_v to_o they_o at_o sea_n westward_o of_o this_o river_n pemtegovet_v at_o a_o distance_n of_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o mile_n there_o empty_v itself_o another_o great_a river_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o call_v quinnebequi_n but_o the_o english_a as_o laet_n report_v sagadahoc_n betwixt_o and_o about_o which_o two_o river_n the_o chief_n and_o most_o know_a part_n of_o this_o country_n of_o norimbegua_n lie_v save_v only_o a_o small_a southerly_a tract_n upon_o another_o river_n which_o they_o call_v chovacovet_n the_o air_n of_o this_o whole_a country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a good_a temperature_n and_o the_o soil_n if_o it_o be_v use_v suppose_a to_o be_v no_o less_o fruitful_a especial_o towards_o the_o river_n and_o where_o it_o be_v not_o mountainous_a or_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n as_o it_o be_v in_o some_o part_n where_o yet_o it_o afford_v much_o good_a timber_n abundance_n of_o walnut_n tree_n and_o of_o other_o nut_n firre-tree_n beech_n with_o much_o other_o necessary_a and_o useful_a wood_n elsewhere_o there_o be_v as_o much_o good_a pasturage_n and_o very_o fair_a plain_n only_o the_o sea_n coast_n be_v say_v to_o be_v shallow_a and_o full_a of_o sand_n so_o that_o the_o sail_v near_o be_v general_o account_v but_o dangerous_a and_o which_o i_o suppose_v may_v be_v some_o reason_n why_o there_o occur_v not_o upon_o these_o coast_n any_o particular_a port_n or_o haven_n which_o as_o yet_o author_n seem_v to_o have_v think_v worthy_a of_o their_o report_n 5._o there_o be_v adjoin_v to_o these_o part_n of_o canada_n or_o new-france_n certain_a island_n which_o although_o they_o come_v not_o under_o any_o one_o common_a name_n yet_o it_o seem_v most_o fit_a that_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o they_o as_o appurtenance_n to_o this_o country_n the_o principal_a of_o these_o be_v 1._o natiscotec_fw-la or_o the_o isle_n of_o assumption_n situate_v in_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o canada_n it_o be_v discover_v first_o in_o the_o year_n 1534._o by_o jaques_n cartier_n a_o french_a man_n and_o contain_v in_o length_n thirty_o league_n or_o more_o but_o in_o breadth_n not_o much_o above_o seven_o or_o eight_o the_o island_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o plain_a and_o level_a and_o of_o a_o soil_n fruitful_a enough_o if_o it_o have_v inhabitant_n plentiful_o store_v both_o with_o fowl_n and_o fish_n have_v convenient_a road_n but_o no_o very_a good_a harbour_n for_o ship_n to_o stand_v and_o abide_v in_o 2._o rameae_fw-la these_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o fry_n of_o islet_n or_o
unreduce_v savage_n inhabit_v the_o mountain_n tayrone_n and_o those_o other_o mountain_n of_o this_o province_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v las_fw-fr sierras_n nievadas_n because_o their_o top_n be_v perpetual_o cover_v with_o snow_n 5._o new-salamanca_n in_o the_o same_o valley_n of_o vpar_n famous_a for_o its_o brass_n mine_n 6._o ocanna_n and_o other_o 6._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o little_a province_n lie_v on_o the_o north-east_n of_o st._n martha_n wash_v on_o all_o other_o part_n with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n or_o with_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o venezuela_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o small_a town_n call_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n about_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n have_v no_o convenient_a haven_n but_o otherwise_o seat_v in_o a_o soil_n very_o rich_a and_o fertile_a not_o only_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o and_o plant_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v bring_v from_o spain_n but_o likewise_o in_o many_o mine_n of_o gold_n gem_n of_o great_a size_n and_o value_n and_o many_o excellent_a salt_n wiche_n as_o they_o call_v they_o it_o be_v eight_o league_n distant_a from_o salamanca_n aforesaid_a and_o eighteen_o from_o cape_n vela_n the_o most_o westerly_a point_n or_o foreland_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o venuezuela_n and_o with_o the_o rest_n have_v the_o hard_a hap_n to_o be_v surprise_v and_o pillage_v by_o the_o english_a with_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1595._o 2._o rancheria_n six_o league_n eastward_o of_o la_fw-fr hacha_n inhabit_v chief_o by_o pearl-fisher_n or_o such_o as_o get_v their_o live_n for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o fish_v for_o pearl_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v good_a on_o these_o coast_n 3._o tapia_n and_o some_o other_o chap._n xii_o of_o new-granada_n 1._o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n as_o it_o be_v common_o call_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n both_o discover_v and_o conquer_v by_o gonsalvo_n ximenes_n about_o the_o year_n 1536_o and_o with_o so_o good_a success_n that_o in_o less_o than_o a_o year_n space_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v quiet_o settle_v under_o the_o spaniard_n government_n and_o the_o captain_n with_o his_o small_a company_n have_v make_v shift_n to_o gather_v together_o such_o a_o mass_n of_o treasure_n as_o may_v seem_v almost_o incredible_a viz._n from_o the_o reguli_fw-la or_o petty_a prince_n of_o those_o country_n who_o he_o have_v either_o destroy_v or_o make_v tributary_n laet_n cast_v up_o the_o sum_n thus_o one_o hundred_o ninty_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o ninty_n four_o peso_n of_o absolute_a fine_a gold_n thirty_o seven_o thousand_o of_o gold_n less_o fine_a and_o eighteen_o thousand_o of_o the_o course_v sort_n of_o all_o of_o emerald_n great_a and_o small_a eighteeen_n hundred_o beside_o abundance_n of_o other_o rich_a booty_n the_o country_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o castilia_n aurea_fw-la aforesaid_a on_o the_o west_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o east_n with_o venezuela_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o well_o discover_v by_o reason_n of_o certain_a huge_a and_o unpassable_a mountain_n which_o block_n it_o up_o whole_o on_o that_o side_n save_v only_o where_o a_o passage_n be_v keep_v open_a into_o the_o province_n of_o peru_n special_o so_o call_v it_o contain_v in_o length_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o very_a healthful_a country_n and_o abound_v in_o mine_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o metal_n beside_o other_o of_o brass_n and_o iron_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o these_o two_o province_n viz._n granada_n special_o so_o caland_n 2._o popayana_n 2._o granada_n special_o so_o call_v be_v a_o country_n of_o a_o very_a temperate_a and_o good_a air_n neither_o subject_n to_o much_o heat_n nor_o to_o extremity_n of_o cold_a the_o reason_n of_o this_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v its_o nearness_n to_o the_o line_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a northward_o but_o a_o very_a few_o degree_n the_o country_n exceed_v fruitful_a both_o of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n afford_v rich_a pasturage_n and_o many_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n many_o good_a mine_n as_o well_o of_o gold_n as_o other_o metal_n and_o in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v call_v tunia_n as_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o fair_a sort_n of_o emerald_n some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v woody_a and_o among_o other_o sort_n very_o good_a both_o for_o timber_n and_o fevel_n there_o be_v one_o which_o the_o native_n call_v guaiacum_n a_o medicinable_a wood_n and_o of_o sovereign_a use_n they_o say_v for_o those_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la and_o such_o like_a malady_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n general_o tall_a of_o stature_n and_o of_o a_o strong_a constitution_n but_o much_o more_o give_v to_o sport_n and_o pastime_n than_o to_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n or_o industry_n the_o town_n and_o place_n of_o chief_n importance_n be_v 1._o st._n foy_n common_o call_v st._n foy_n de_fw-fr bagota_n which_o be_v the_o old_a name_n of_o this_o province_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o another_o st._n foy_n in_o the_o country_n of_o new-mexico_n as_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n and_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o province_n a_o arcbishops_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n build_v by_o gonsalvo_n ximenes_n a_o spaniard_n native_a of_o granada_n in_o old-spain_n upon_o the_o lake_n call_v guatavita_n and_o be_v inhabit_v at_o this_o present_a by_o above_o six_o hundred_o family_n of_o spaniard_n 2._o st._n michael_n twelve_o league_n northward_o of_o st._n foy_n and_o a_o well_o trade_v town_n 3._o tocayma_n situate_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o paunch_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a barbarous_a people_n of_o this_o country_n not_o yet_o perfect_o reduce_v and_o possess_v not_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v fifteen_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n foy_n towards_o the_o north-east_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o pati_fw-la a_o small_a river_n a_o little_a above_o its_o confluence_n into_o the_o magdalene_n 4_o trinidad_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o another_o river_n call_v zarbi_n in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o good_a soil_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o rich_o abound_v in_o vein_n of_o crystal_n emerald_n adamant_n chalcedony_n and_o other_o gem_n of_o good_a account_n 5._o tunia_n a_o strong_a town_n build_v very_o advantageous_o for_o defence_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n &_o be_v both_o a_o garrison_n and_o place_n of_o retreat_n against_o the_o savage_n which_o sometime_o infest_v this_o tract_n and_o also_o well_o trade_v empory_n 6._o pampelona_n 60_o league_n from_o st._n foy_n to_o the_o north-east_n a_o rich_a place_n both_o for_o mine_n of_o gold_n which_o it_o afford_v and_o also_o for_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n which_o the_o country_n breed_v and_o maintain_v 7._o la_fw-fr palma_n 8._o merida_n the_o further_a town_n of_o this_o province_n northeastward_a towards_o venezuela_n on_o the_o southeast_n there_o be_v only_o st._n juan_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la lanos_fw-la or_o st._n john_n of_o the_o plain_n fitfy_v league_n distant_a from_o st._n foy_n but_o seat_v in_o a_o rich_a angle_n of_o the_o country_n and_o where_o there_o be_v good_a vein_n of_o gold_n 3._o popayana_n the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o new-kingdome_n be_v border_v on_o the_o west_n with_o part_n of_o granada_n last_o speak_v of_o from_o which_o the_o river_n st._n martha_n divide_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v nova-andalusia_n or_o cartagena_n on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n and_o on_o the_o south_n quito_n or_o rather_o some_o unreduced_a country_n lie_v betwixt_o they_o both_o it_o extend_v in_o length_n above_o one_o hundred_o league_n from_o north_n to_o south_n but_o in_o breadth_n viz_o betwixt_o the_o river_n st._n martha_n and_o the_o south_n sea_n not_o much_o above_o forty_o or_o fifty_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o little_a too_o much_o subject_n to_o rain_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n answer_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o most_o part_n very_o well_o the_o place_n of_o chief_a note_n in_o it_o be_v 1._o popayan_n situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fair_a river_n but_o not_o name_v and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o plain_a in_o a_o place_n of_o great_a wealth_n and_o enjoy_v a_o good_a air_n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n 2._o antiochia_n otherwise_o call_v st._n fide_fw-la s_o de_fw-fr antiochia_n on_o the_o border_n of_o new-andaluzia_n and_o about_o one_o hundred_o league_n from_o popayan_n 3._o caramanta_n seat_v likewise_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o
and_o towards_o the_o streit_n with_o magellanica_fw-la on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n more_o northward_o or_o to_o the_o north-east_n it_o have_v brasil_n and_o on_o the_o west_n those_o undiscovered_a country_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chile_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v the_o country_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n be_v report_v to_o be_v a_o very_a lusty_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n bear_v beside_o those_o which_o be_v proper_a and_o native_a all_o sort_n of_o european_a fruit_n and_o grain_n in_o great_a abundance_n with_o sugarcane_n as_o many_o great_a and_o good_a as_o any_o other_o province_n of_o the_o new-world_n nor_o be_v it_o excel_v by_o any_o other_o country_n for_o good_a pasturage_n and_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n sheep_n swine_n in_o particular_a horse_n be_v say_v to_o have_v so_o multiply_v here_o that_o of_o thirty_o mare_n and_o about_o six_o or_o seven_o stallion_n which_o the_o spaniard_n leave_v there_o in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n the_o whole_a country_n thereabouts_o towards_o the_o south_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o breed_n of_o they_o run_v wild_a in_o great_a company_n together_o through_o all_o the_o wood_n and_o forest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o of_o excellent_a mettle_n and_o service_n if_o they_o can_v be_v tame_v it_o afford_v likewise_o great_a store_n of_o wild_a deer_n and_o stag_n some_o lion_n tiger_n etc._n etc._n nor_o be_v it_o without_o good_a mine_n some_o both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n but_o chief_o as_o to_o what_o be_v yet_o discover_v of_o brass_n and_o iron_n and_o the_o people_n altogether_o savage_a the_o river_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la which_o as_o we_o say_v divide_v the_o country_n be_v one_o of_o the_o large_a of_o the_o whole_a world_n rise_v as_o it_o be_v suppose_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n call_v de_fw-la los_fw-la xaraye_v three_o hundred_o league_n or_o more_o within_o land_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o atlantic_a or_o north_n sea_n in_o thirty_o four_o degree_n of_o southern_a latitude_n with_o a_o estuary_n or_o mouth_n of_o thirty_o or_o two_o and_o thirty_o league_n over_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v usual_o subdivide_v into_o three_o inferior_a province_n which_o be_v 1._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la proper_o so_o call_v 2._o tucuman_a 3._o la_fw-fr crux_fw-la de_fw-fr sierra_n 2._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la proper_o so_o call_v be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o extend_v itself_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o length_n many_o league_n together_o but_o not_o answerable_a in_o breadth_n and_o contain_v these_o town_n of_o chief_a note_n and_o importance_n viz._n 1._o buenos_fw-gr air_n by_o some_o call_v la_n trinidad_n on_o the_o southern_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la sixty_o four_o league_n they_o say_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o it_o be_v seat_v commodious_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o little_a mountain_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o mudwall_n a_o little_a castle_n and_o some_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n 2._o sta._n fe_o in_o english_a st_n faith_n fifty_o league_n above_o buenos_n ayres_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n and_o a_o rich_a place_n chief_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o cloth_n of_o which_o there_o be_v here_o one_o of_o the_o great_a manufacture_n of_o all_o these_o part_n of_o peru._n 3_o nuestra_n sennora_fw-es de_fw-es la_fw-fr assumption_n common_o call_v assumption_n only_o lie_v yet_o high_o up_o the_o river_n almost_o one_o hundred_o league_n a_o well_o build_v and_o well_o frequent_v town_n say_v to_o be_v inhabit_v by_o two_o hundred_o family_n at_o least_o of_o natural_a spaniard_n beside_o mestizos_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o be_v the_o breed_n of_o spaniard_n by_o the_o american_n people_n man_n or_o woman_n and_o mulattos_n which_o be_v likewise_o their_o race_n but_o beget_v upon_o negro_n of_o both_o which_o there_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v here_o some_o thousand_o 4._o la_fw-fr ciudad_n real_a or_o more_o common_o call_v ontiveros_n fourscore_o league_n northward_o from_o assumption_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n parana_n in_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n as_o the_o country_n general_o be_v about_o all_o these_o place_n but_o the_o air_n here_o not_o so_o healthful_a 5._o st._n anne_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n 6._o st._n salvador_n 3._o westward_o of_o la_fw-fr plata_fw-la lie_v the_o country_n of_o tucuman_a extend_v itself_o as_o far_o as_o the_o border_n of_o chile_n a_o country_n not_o yet_o well_o discover_v either_o to_o the_o north_n or_o the_o south_n that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v towards_o chile_n be_v well_o manure_v and_o husband_v and_o likewise_o very_o fruitful_a but_o that_o towards_o magellanicae_fw-la neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o remain_v altogether_o untitled_a and_o barren_a the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n of_o note_n be_v 1._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr esteco_n the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o province_n and_o a_o bishop_n sea_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n esteco_n one_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o league_n distant_a from_o buenos_n ayres_n 2._o st_o michael_n de_fw-fr tucuman_n seat_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o huge_a rocky_a mountain_n but_o otherwise_o in_o a_o soil_n the_o fruitfull_a and_o best_a both_o for_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n of_o all_o this_o country_n twenty_o eight_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n jago_n 3._o talavera_n or_o nuestra_n sennora_fw-es de_fw-fr talavera_n as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o situate_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o salado_n in_o a_o good_a soil_n and_o inhabit_v by_o a_o industrious_a people_n grow_v exceed_v rich_a and_o wealthy_a chief_o by_o their_o manufacture_n of_o cotton-wooll_n whereof_o they_o have_v great_a plenty_n and_o by_o which_o they_o drive_v a_o trade_n as_o far_o as_o the_o mine_n at_o potozi_n and_o other_o part_n of_o peru._n 3_o corduba_n another_o rich_a town_n of_o this_o province_n and_o of_o great_a trade_n as_o lie_v at_o a_o equal_a distance_n viz._n of_o fifty_o league_n both_o from_o sta._n fe_o as_o they_o call_v it_o or_o st._n faith_n in_o the_o province_n of_o la_fw-fr plata_fw-la abovesaid_a &_o from_o st._n juan_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n in_o the_o country_n of_o chile_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o road_n way_n from_o potozi_n and_o those_o part_n of_o peru_n to_o buenos_n ayres_n and_o the_o north_n sea_n there_o be_v likewise_o the_o town_n 5._o chocinoca_fw-la 6._o sococha_n 7._o calebinda_n 8._o morata_fw-la and_o other_o but_o belong_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o the_o reduce_v native_n 4._o sta._n crux_fw-la de_fw-la sierra_n be_v a_o little_a territory_n at_o least_o in_o comparison_n to_o some_o other_o lying_z towards_o peru_n and_o reckon_v by_o some_o for_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peru._n it_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o two_o great_a river_n of_o paraguay_n and_o guapay_v one_o hundred_o league_n distant_a as_o it_o be_v say_v from_o charcas_n to_o which_o yet_o in_o some_o cause_n it_o be_v subordinate_a the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n abundant_o fertile_a in_o all_o sort_n of_o american_n fruit_n beside_o good_a plenty_n both_o of_o wheat_n and_o maiz_n scarcity_n of_o nothing_o useful_a for_o man_n life_n unless_o it_o be_v fresh_a water_n in_o some_o place_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o it_o be_v 1._o sta._n crux_fw-la situate_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o great_a mountain_n or_o hill_n but_o open_v upon_o a_o large_a plain_n who_o thirsty_a drieness_n be_v well_o refresh_v by_o a_o certain_a brook_n or_o torrent_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o a_o neighbour_a mountain_n &_o a_o few_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o town_n make_v a_o pretty_a lake_n which_o suppli_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o both_o with_o fresh_a water_n and_o fish_v good_a plenty_n 2._o barranea_n a_o town_n suppose_v to_o be_v not_o above_o threesore_n league_n distant_a from_o potozi_n 3._o nova-rioia_a once_o a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n but_o sack_v and_o spoil_v by_o the_o savage_n of_o these_o part_n about_o the_o year_n 1548_o and_o the_o first_o discoverer_n of_o the_o country_n namely_o nunno_n de_fw-fr chaves_n treacherous_o murder_v by_o a_o native_a since_o which_o time_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v desert_v chap._n xvi_o of_o brasil_n 1._o northward_o of_o paraguay_n or_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la lie_v the_o country_n of_o brasil_n a_o large_a province_n of_o this_o easterly_a part_n of_o america_n and_o bound_v to_o the_o east_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it nort_n or_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o andes_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o great_a river_n maragnon_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o guiana_n and_o on_o the_o south_n paraguay_n it_o contain_v in_o length_n measure_v by_o the_o sea_n coast_n from_o north_n to_o south_n two_o hundred_o league_n and_o more_o but_o in_o breadth_n that_o be_v from_o the_o andes_n to_o the_o sea_n scarce_o half_a so_o much_o
have_v all_o employment_n enough_o about_o the_o cotton-wooll_n sugarcane_n and_o tobacco_n which_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o afford_v in_o good_a plenty_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o country_n of_o guiana_n 1._o next_o to_o brasil_n towards_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n of_o guiana_n suppose_v not_o improbable_o to_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n wia_fw-la one_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o the_o province_n which_o yet_o be_v say_v to_o have_v more_o and_o fair_a than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o america_n beside_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n or_o mare_n deal_v nordt_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o andes_n or_o rather_o some_o undiscovered_a mountainous_a country_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o great_a river_n orenoque_n and_o on_o the_o south_n that_o of_o the_o amazon_n of_o orellana_n the_o country_n lie_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la extend_v from_o the_o four_o degree_n of_o southern_a latitude_n to_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o northern_a yet_o enjoy_v a_o temperate_a and_o good_a air_n not_o oppress_v with_o any_o excessive_a heat_n which_o be_v chief_o attribute_v to_o the_o brise_n or_o easterly_a wind_n almost_o perpetual_o every_o day_n about_o noon_n blow_v upon_o it_o towards_o the_o sea_n side_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o flat_a and_o level_a country_n in_o the_o more_o inland_a part_n mountainous_a and_o swell_v with_o hill_n but_o in_o all_o general_o of_o such_o a_o rich_a and_o fertile_a soil_n that_o for_o fruit_n or_o any_o outward_a commodity_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o yield_v not_o to_o any_o other_o province_n of_o the_o new-world_n but_o rather_o far_o excel_v the_o most_o have_v as_o it_o be_v a_o continual_a summer_n without_o winter_n or_o autumn_n the_o tree_n never_o unclothe_v or_o make_v bare_a fruit_n always_o ripe_a or_o grow_v to_o maturity_n the_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n always_o verdant_a and_o green_a and_o as_o we_o say_v so_o excellent_o well_o water_v with_o rivers_n that_o no_o country_n in_o the_o world_n seem_v comparable_a to_o it_o in_o this_o respect_n and_o by_o the_o principal_a of_o they_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o inferior_a or_o lesser_a province_n which_o be_v 1._o rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr amazones_n 2._o wiapoco_fw-it or_o guiana_n proper_o so_o call_v 3._o orenoque_n and_o 4._o the_o island_n of_o guiana_n 2._o rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr amazones_n or_o the_o country_n of_o amazon_n contain_v all_o that_o part_n of_o guiana_n which_o lie_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n orellana_n of_o a_o rich_a and_o good_a soil_n general_o abound_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o especial_o with_o those_o which_o the_o american_n call_v totock_n and_o love_v extreme_o out_o of_o a_o opinion_n they_o say_v that_o it_o excite_v they_o to_o venery_n whereunto_o they_o be_v of_o themselves_o but_o too_o much_o incline_v and_o of_o another_o which_o they_o call_v pita_n of_o a_o taste_n fâ—â—re_v more_o delicious_a and_o please_a and_o not_o so_o hurtful_a as_o the_o other_o the_o country_n be_v first_o discover_v by_o francisco_n orellana_n a_o spaniard_n from_o quito_n but_o it_o be_v only_o by_o the_o river_n orellana_n and_o though_o he_o be_v credible_o report_v to_o have_v sail_v no_o less_o than_o eighteen_o hundred_o league_n down_o the_o stream_n and_o to_o have_v discover_v a_o rich_a and_o fair_a country_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n well_o people_v with_o native_n and_o give_v in_o divers_a place_n no_o small_a argument_n of_o great_a wealth_n and_o riches_n more_o within_o land_n yet_o such_o be_v the_o bad_a success_n of_o his_o second_o endeavour_n and_o likewise_o of_o those_o that_o follow_v he_o that_o as_o yet_o there_o seem_v no_o further_a report_n to_o be_v give_v at_o lest_o not_o of_o any_o thing_n special_a concern_v this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n 3._o wiapoco_fw-it or_o guiana_n proper_o so_o call_v take_v up_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o this_o province_n be_v divide_v as_o the_o other_o almost_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n by_o the_o river_n wiapoco_n which_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o the_o country_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n very_o rich_a and_o fertile_a and_o so_o natural_o apt_a both_o for_o sugarcane_n cotton-wooll_n and_o tobacco_n that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o grow_v here_o all_o of_o they_o very_o good_a without_o plant_v or_o any_o art_n of_o husbandry_n in_o this_o country_n be_v likewise_o the_o famous_a dâ—rada_n as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o or_o city_n of_o gold_n if_o it_o can_v be_v find_v with_o the_o report_n and_o hope_n whereof_o some_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v not_o a_o little_a possess_v as_o well_o as_o the_o spaniard_n nor_o can_v i_o much_o blame_v they_o for_o if_o the_o story_n of_o it_o have_v prove_v true_a it_o must_v have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o goodly_a and_o fair_a city_n of_o the_o world_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o wealth_n diego_n de_fw-fr ordas_n the_o spaniard_n who_o first_o bring_v news_n of_o it_o to_o his_o countryman_n be_v say_v to_o have_v travel_v one_o whole_a day_n and_o half_a another_o in_o it_o before_o he_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o king_n palace_n which_o yet_o must_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v stand_v but_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n but_o for_o aught_o appear_v if_o the_o endeavour_n of_o future_a time_n effect_v nothing_o more_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o it_o than_o former_a have_v do_v it_o must_v pass_v for_o the_o metropolis_n of_o utopia_n still_o as_o i_o think_v most_o man_n take_v it_o to_o be_v place_n of_o less_o magnificence_n but_o more_o certainty_n be_v first_o caripo_n this_o be_v once_o a_o colony_n of_o english_a settle_v there_o by_o captain_n robert_n harcourt_n in_o the_o year_n 1608_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o wiapoco_n and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v a_o place_n by_o advantage_n of_o a_o rock_n which_o it_o have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o it_o of_o good_a strength_n and_o very_o difficult_a access_n the_o air_n about_o it_o sound_v and_o say_v to_o be_v very_o agreeable_a to_o english_a body_n 2._o gomaribo_n a_o colony_n former_o of_o the_o dutch_a on_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o wiapoco_n but_o since_o desert_v by_o they_o 3._o moyemon_n 4._o crewinay_n both_o of_o they_o town_n of_o the_o native_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o other_o 4._o orenoque_n or_o the_o three_o division_n of_o this_o province_n comprehend_v the_o most_o northerly_a part_n of_o guiana_n lie_v upon_o or_o towards_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o famous_a river_n a_o country_n likewise_o report_v to_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o comparable_a to_o peru_n itself_o for_o hide_a treasure_n which_o they_o say_v be_v not_o yet_o discover_v only_o for_o want_v of_o diligent_a and_o industrious_a search_n the_o place_n in_o it_o already_o know_a be_v only_o 1._o coniolaba_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o town_n of_o the_o native_n lie_v a_o few_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o orenoque_n towards_o the_o south_n 2._o movequito_n a_o know_a port_n or_o haven_n town_n upon_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o orenoque_n much_o frequent_v and_o of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o english_a when_o they_o discover_v those_o coast_n 3._o wenicapora_fw-la and_o last_o st._n thome_n the_o only_a town_n which_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v upon_o this_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n situate_v upon_o the_o principal_a channel_n of_o the_o oâ—enoque_n and_o consist_v of_o two_o hundred_o family_n or_o thereabouts_o it_o be_v now_o a_o fortify_v place_n and_o be_v take_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n in_o that_o unfortunate_a action_n of_o 1617._o for_o which_o the_o year_n follow_v though_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o old_a attainder_n as_o some_o say_v he_o lose_v his_o head_n 5._o the_o island_n that_o belong_v and_o be_v common_o 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convenient_a bay_n betwixt_o the_o two_o point_n viz._n st._n nicholas_n to_o the_o north_n and_o cabo_n the_o donna_n maria_n towards_o the_o south_n it_o be_v not_o think_v to_o be_v less_o than_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o league_n in_o length_n in_o breadth_n from_o threescore_o to_o thirty_o and_o to_o contain_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o whole_a four_o hundred_o league_n at_o least_o lie_v betwixt_o eighteen_o and_o twenty_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n have_v a_o air_n somewhat_o infest_a with_o the_o morning_n heat_n but_o well_o cool_v again_o in_o the_o afternoon_n by_o a_o constant_a wind_n from_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o call_v there_o virason_n it_o be_v for_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o flourish_a country_n one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o world_n the_o tâ—ees_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o there_o continual_o clad_v as_o it_o be_v in_o their_o summer_n livery_n the_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n always_o green_a and_o of_o such_o a_o excellent_a herbage_n that_o cattle_n both_o breed_n and_o thrive_v there_o almost_o beyond_o belief_n both_o great_a cattle_n and_o small_a as_o kine_n sheep_n hog_n etc._n etc._n bring_v thither_o out_o of_o spain_n have_v multiply_v to_o such_o number_n that_o they_o live_v wild_a now_o in_o herd_n as_o have_v be_v say_v and_o be_v both_o hunt_v and_o kill_v like_o stag_n or_o other_o venison_n only_o for_o their_o hide_n which_o they_o send_v yearly_a into_o spain_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n as_o a_o great_a merchandise_n and_o commodity_n of_o huge_a profit_n to_o they_o so_o plentiful_a of_o sugarcane_n that_o it_o be_v think_v no_o less_o than_o one_o thousand_o chest_n of_o refine_a sugar_n be_v send_v out_o of_o this_o only_a island_n one_o year_n with_o another_o nor_o be_v it_o former_o without_o good_a mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o whether_o they_o be_v now_o waste_v and_o whole_o exhaust_v or_o only_o neglect_v for_o want_n of_o miner_n to_o 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the_o fair_a river_n of_o the_o country_n towards_o the_o sea_n side_n where_o it_o have_v l_o kewise_o a_o good_a haven_n or_o port_n and_o on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o it_o a_o strong_a castle_n it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n at_o present_a be_v a_o archbishop_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o supreme_a court_n for_o these_o part_n of_o america_n but_o flourish_v more_o former_o with_o resort_n and_o multitude_n of_o people_n than_o now_o it_o do_v which_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o late_a discovery_n of_o mexico_n and_o peru_n by_o occasion_n whereof_o abundance_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o not_o a_o little_a of_o the_o trade_n likewise_o have_v be_v draw_v from_o it_o 2._o salvaleon_n twenty_o eight_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n domingo_n towards_o the_o east_n 3._o juguana_n or_o sta._n maria_n del_fw-it puerto_n in_o the_o more_o western_a part_n of_o the_o island_n a_o small_a town_n not_o above_o a_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o good_a haven_n but_o suppose_v not_o to_o be_v much_o fortify_v 4._o cotuy_n once_o a_o rich_a town_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o well_o frequent_v now_o say_v to_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n desert_v 5._o conception_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vega_n build_v by_o columbus_n himself_o and_o from_o whence_o he_o have_v his_o title_n duke_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vega_n it_o lie_v twenty_o or_o thirty_o league_n northward_o of_o st._n domingo_n 6._o puerto_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la or_o the_o silver-haven_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n domingo_n likewise_o towards_o the_o north_n it_o be_v the_o second_o town_n for_o wealth_n and_o trade_n in_o the_o whole_a island_n commodious_o seat_v on_o a_o bay_n or_o arm_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n 7._o azua_n or_o new-compostella_n twenty_o four_o mile_n or_o eight_o league_n westward_o of_o st._n domingo_n and_o a_o place_n much_o frequent_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o good_a sugarcane_n which_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o yield_v there_o be_v likewise_o 8._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la cavalleros_n ten_o league_n northward_o of_o la_fw-fr vega._n 9_o monte_fw-fr christo_fw-la fourteen_o league_n westward_o of_o plata_fw-la and_o last_o 10._o zeybo_fw-la on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o island_n twenty_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n domingo_n all_o of_o they_o pleasant_a and_o handsome_a town_n and_o well_o seat_v but_o destitute_a of_o inhabitant_n very_o much_o as_o likewise_o the_o whole_a island_n general_o be_v the_o native_n be_v all_o destroy_v or_o transplant_v long_o since_o and_o the_o spaniard_n themselves_o by_o the_o follow_a discovery_n and_o conquest_n upon_o the_o continent_n invite_v to_o better_a quarter_n of_o cuba_n and_o jamaica_n 1._o westward_o or_o rather_o to_o the_o northweast_n of_o hispaniola_n lie_v cuba_n part_v from_o the_o other_o by_o a_o frith_n or_o narrow_a channel_n which_o run_v betwixt_o the_o cape_n of_o st._n nicholas_n belong_v to_o hispaniola_n and_o that_o call_v mayzi_n belong_v to_o cuba_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v a_o fry_n of_o little_a island_n call_v as_o above_o say_v the_o leucayae_n island_n so_o many_o and_o so_o thick_o scatter_v that_o they_o serve_v for_o no_o small_a security_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o island_n on_o that_o side_n beside_o a_o part_n of_o the_o peninsula_n of_o florida_n which_o coast_v it_o likewise_o northward_o on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v the_o country_n of_o jucatan_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o continent_n but_o at_o a_o distance_n of_o forty_o or_o fifty_o league_n and_o on_o the_o south_n jamaica_n it_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v in_o length_n from_o cape_n mayzi_n which_o look_v towards_o hispaniola_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o st._n anthony_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n two_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n but_o in_o breadth_n neither_o proportionable_a nor_o certain_a be_v 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pagua_n or_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o island_n the_o wood_n where_o the_o country_n be_v mountainous_a and_o rocky_a as_o in_o some_o part_n it_o be_v well_o replenish_v with_o timber_n and_o many_o odoriferous_a tree_n beside_o from_o which_o they_o gather_v a_o certain_a rosin_n or_o gum_n not_o less_o precious_a and_o useful_a than_o the_o storax_n or_o sweet_a gum_n so_o call_v of_o which_o the_o herborist_n speak_v so_o much_o in_o a_o word_n the_o only_a inconvenience_n which_o the_o spaniard_n find_v in_o it_o be_v from_o serpent_n which_o the_o native_n out_o of_o a_o old_a superstition_n among_o they_o have_v preserve_v so_o long_o they_o come_v to_o be_v grievious_o annoy_v by_o they_o at_o last_o and_o when_o they_o will_v have_v destroy_v they_o can_v not_o what_o remedy_n the_o spaniard_n have_v since_o provide_v against_o they_o appear_v not_o the_o river_n caute_fw-la which_o be_v one_o
not_o hinder_v or_o divert_v by_o storm_n tide_n or_o some_o other_o accidental_a cause_n natural_o of_o itself_o and_o by_o the_o proper_a course_n and_o conduct_v of_o the_o water_n only_o bear_v towards_o land_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v not_o very_o probable_a they_o can_v have_v subsist_v alive_a and_o not_o be_v starve_v in_o so_o long_a journey_n as_o to_o have_v come_v by_o magellans_n streit_n or_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n there_o be_v extant_a likewise_o some_o positive_a testimony_n of_o certain_a person_n that_o say_v they_o have_v real_o pass_v that_o way_n as_o of_o one_o salvatierra_n a_o portughese_n and_o f._n vrdanetta_n a_o religious_a man_n mention_v by_o mr._n carpenter_n in_o his_o geography_n and_o of_o one_o juan_n de_fw-fr fuca_n be_v he_o be_v call_v a_o ancient_a greek_a pilot_n mention_v by_o mr._n purchas_n in_o his_o three_o part_n of_o eng._n voyages_n pag._n 849.850_o who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v live_v forty_o year_n in_o america_n and_o in_o his_o own_o person_n to_o have_v discover_v the_o passage_n in_o the_o year_n 1592._o at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o mexico_n but_o of_o what_o credit_n these_o testimony_n shall_v be_v think_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v the_o reader_n must_v judge_v i_o only_o report_v they_o as_o i_o find_v they_o i_o can_v hearty_o wish_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o great_a advantage_n which_o the_o nation_n may_v reap_v by_o it_o by_o have_v thereby_o a_o free_a passage_n into_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o consequent_o a_o much_o short_a cut_n to_o the_o other_o indies_n that_o the_o passage_n be_v discover_v and_o the_o english_a well_o master_n of_o it_o especial_o if_o it_o can_v be_v make_v so_o easy_o as_o the_o say_a pilot_n juan_n de_fw-fr fuca_n pretend_v and_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n as_o be_v the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n or_o from_o the_o coast_n and_o near_o the_o latitude_n of_o virginia_n as_o some_o other_o have_v argue_v and_o seem_v to_o hope_v that_o it_o may_v but_o 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land_n on_o this_o side_n or_o from_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n immediate_o be_v a_o business_n of_o so_o great_a difficulty_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o all_o one_o as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o passage_n for_o how_o many_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n worthy_a man_n and_o of_o great_a experience_n and_o skill_n at_o sea_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o our_o neighbour_n the_o dutch_a a_o people_n no_o less_o industrious_a and_o skilful_a have_v with_o undaunted_a courage_n and_o resolution_n undertake_v it_o at_o several_a time_n with_o great_a hazard_n of_o their_o life_n and_o charge_n to_o the_o adventurer_n yet_o always_o force_v to_o return_v without_o effect_n those_o northern_a sea_n whither_o they_o sail_v eastward_o or_o westward_o be_v so_o bar_v and_o block_v up_o as_o it_o be_v with_o huge_a and_o perpetual_a mountain_n of_o ice_n their_o night_n so_o long_o their_o daytime_n so_o dark_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a fog_n mist_n and_o flight_n of_o snow_n which_o be_v ever_o 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their_o neighbour_n especial_o when_o they_o be_v fair_o deal_v withal_o and_o not_o provoke_v into_o distemper_n by_o rough_a handle_n the_o country_n on_o the_o sea_n side_n replenish_v with_o very_o good_a havens_n they_o report_v that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 70_o mile_n there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o twenty_o or_o twenty_o five_o good_a and_o secure_a port_n some_o of_o they_o capable_a of_o five_o hundred_o or_o a_o thousand_o sail_n of_o ship_n and_o fence_v from_o the_o fury_n of_o wind_n and_o sea_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o certain_a islet_n which_o to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o hundred_o at_o least_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o upon_o that_o coast_n the_o place_n where_o the_o english_a have_v chief_o seat_v themselves_o be_v 1._o st._n george_n fort_n where_o the_o first_o plantation_n be_v settle_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n sagahadoc_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o peninsula_n or_o half-island_n 2._o new-plimouth_n seat_v no_o less_o 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particular_a care_n have_v of_o the_o business_n by_o several_a encouragement_n send_v from_o thence_o to_o bring_v on_o other_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o domestic_a motive_n which_o persuade_v many_o people_n to_o leave_v their_o country_n and_o go_v that_o way_n it_o be_v grow_v at_o last_o to_o a_o very_a probable_a and_o hopeful_a condition_n of_o good_a subsistence_n for_o the_o future_a be_v for_o many_o temporal_a respect_n worthy_a of_o all_o favour_n and_o cherish_n by_o the_o state_n 3._o novum-belgium_n or_o niew-nederlandt_a have_v on_o the_o north-east_n new-england_n on_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n virginia_n proper_o so_o call_v take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o netherlander_n or_o dutchman_n who_o begin_v their_o plantation_n there_o about_o the_o year_n 1614_o the_o country_n as_o they_o say_v be_v then_o void_a and_o therefore_o free_a for_o any_o body_n that_o will_v take_v possession_n of_o it_o notwithstanding_o which_o pretence_n they_o be_v scarce_o warm_a in_o their_o quarter_n when_o sir_n sam._n argall_n governor_n of_o virginia_n have_v first_o spoil_v the_o french_a in_o accadie_n as_o we_o say_v dispute_v the_o possession_n with_o these_o also_o and_o although_o they_o plead_v hudsons_n right_a who_o by_o commission_n from_o king_n james_n and_o upon_o a_o english_a account_n have_v late_o discover_v those_o part_n and_o pretend_v they_o have_v not_o only_o buy_v all_o his_o card_n and_o map_n of_o the_o country_n but_o all_o his_o interest_n and_o right_o also_o and_o have_v full_o content_v he_o for_o all_o his_o pain_n and_o charge_n in_o the_o discovery_n yet_o the_o say_a hudson_n be_v a_o english_a man_n and_o act_v all_o that_o he_o do_v by_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n upon_o debate_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o land_n can_v not_o be_v alienate_v after_o discovery_n without_o the_o king_n of_o england_n consent_n especial_o it_o be_v but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o virginia_n already_o possess_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o wave_v that_o title_n and_o the_o dutch_a governor_n submit_v his_o plantation_n to_o his_o majesty_n of_o england_n and_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o virginia_n for_o and_o under_o he_o upon_o which_o term_n for_o a_o good_a while_n they_o hold_v it_o afterward_o upon_o confidence_n it_o seem_v of_o a_o new_a governor_n send_v from_o amsterdam_n they_o not_o only_o fail_v to_o pay_v the_o promise_a contribution_n and_o tribute_n but_o fell_a to_o fortify_v themselves_o and_o to_o entitle_v the_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o a_o absolute_a propriety_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o country_n independent_a of_o any_o other_o build_v town_n as_o new_a amsterdam_n raise_v fort_n as_o orange_a fort_n near_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o nordt_n river_n which_o they_o call_v hell_n gate_n complaint_n whereof_o be_v make_v to_o king_n charles_n and_o by_o his_o ambassador_n represent_v to_o the_o state_n they_o disow_v the_o business_n and_o declare_v by_o public_a instrument_n that_o they_o be_v not_o interest_v in_o it_o but_o that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o private_a undertake_n viz._n of_o the_o west_n indian_a company_n of_o amsterdam_n whereupon_o a_o commission_n be_v grant_v to_o sir_n george_n culvert_n make_v lord_n baltimore_n in_o ireland_n to_o possess_v and_o plant_v the_o southern_a part_n thereof_o lie_v towards_o virginia_n by_o the_o name_n of_o maryland_n and_o to_o sir_n edmund_n loyden_n to_o plant_v the_o northern_a part_n towards_o new-england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o nova-albion_n which_o make_v the_o dutch_a the_o second_o time_n seem_v willing_a to_o compound_v and_o for_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o thousand_o and_o five_o hundred_o pound_n they_o offer_v to_o be_v go_v and_o leave_v all_o they_o have_v there_o but_o by_o advantage_n of_o the_o trouble_n in_o england_n which_o then_o begin_v to_o appear_v and_o soon_o after_o follow_v they_o not_o only_o go_v back_o from_o their_o first_o proposition_n and_o make_v high_a demand_n but_o also_o most_o mischievous_o and_o wicked_o as_o some_o report_n they_o furnish_v the_o native_n with_o arm_n and_o teach_v they_o the_o use_n of_o they_o as_o it_o may_v be_v think_v expect_v to_o use_v their_o help_n upon_o occasion_n against_o the_o english_a a_o act_n questionless_a of_o very_o pernicious_a consequence_n not_o only_o to_o the_o english_a adventurer_n who_o have_v since_o be_v much_o damnify_v and_o prejudice_v by_o the_o say_a native_n in_o their_o plantation_n but_o also_o to_o the_o dutch_a themselves_o who_o as_o it_o be_v report_v be_v the_o first_o or_o with_o the_o first_o that_o smart_v by_o it_o the_o savage_n be_v thus_o arm_v and_o train_v first_o of_o all_o fall_a foul_a upon_o they_o destroy_v their_o farm-house_n and_o force_v they_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o fort_n and_o fastness_n so_o that_o at_o present_a there_o be_v but_o little_a good_a account_n can_v be_v give_v further_o of_o the_o state_n of_o this_o country_n as_o to_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n it_o differ_v not_o much_o from_o the_o part_n about_o it_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o the_o same_o which_o new-england_n or_o virginia_n yield_v and_o as_o for_o town_n and_o place_n of_o abode_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o either_o the_o english_a or_o dutch_a have_v as_o yet_o set_v themselves_o much_o to_o build_n in_o this_o country_n what_o the_o english_a have_v do_v before_o our_o late_a trouble_n at_o home_n it_o may_v be_v fear_v be_v whole_o ruin_v by_o the_o misfortune_n which_o befall_v they_o there_o and_o for_o the_o dutch_a although_o they_o make_v large_a report_n of_o the_o country_n and_o challenge_v a_o huge_a circuit_n of_o land_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o new-netherlands_o and_o title_n of_o the_o state_n yet_o i_o
queen_n of_o england_n from_o who_o he_o say_v he_o come_v to_o take_v they_o into_o his_o protection_n so_o after_o many_o other_o civility_n give_v and_o return_v betwixt_o they_o the_o king_n at_o length_n depart_v and_o sir_n francis_n with_o his_o man_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n have_v first_o erect_v a_o pillar_n upon_o the_o place_n on_o which_o he_o fasten_v the_o arm_n of_o england_n with_o the_o queen_n name_n and_o his_o own_o to_o remain_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o his_o be_v there_o and_o of_o the_o surrender_n which_o be_v make_v of_o that_o country_n to_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n chap._n vi_o of_o new-gallicia_a and_o the_o province_n thereto_o belong_v 1._o new-gallicia_a be_v the_o most_o northerly_a country_n of_o all_o america_n that_o be_v inhabit_v to_o any_o purpose_n by_o the_o spaniard_n here_o it_o be_v true_a they_o be_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v at_o a_o huge_a distance_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n only_o where_o the_o mine_n be_v it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n and_o to_o the_o south_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mexico_n or_o new-spain_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o califormia_n northward_o for_o so_o much_o as_o be_v yet_o discover_v with_o quivira_n and_o cibola_n lie_v between_o eighteen_o and_o twenty_o eight_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n that_o be_v from_o la_fw-fr natividad_n a_o port_n so_o name_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o new-spain_n to_o the_o most_o northerly_a border_n of_o cinoloa_n a_o part_n of_o this_o province_n contain_v as_o be_v suppose_v not_o much_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o league_n in_o length_n and_o in_o breadth_n much_o more_o and_o whereof_o not_o a_o ten_o part_n be_v either_o use_v or_o frequent_v by_o the_o spaniard_n the_o air_n be_v general_o here_o very_o temperate_a incline_v rather_o to_o heat_v than_o cold_a and_o subject_a now_o and_o then_o to_o sudden_a storm_n of_o rain_n and_o great_a clap_n of_o thunder_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o country_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v reasonable_o healthful_a and_o the_o people_n observe_v to_o live_v general_o to_o a_o good_a old_a age_n the_o soil_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o climate_n will_v be_v a_o little_a incline_n to_o drought_n but_o that_o beside_o the_o frequent_a rain_n which_o it_o have_v it_o be_v constant_o moisten_v with_o fresh_a morning_n dew_n which_o make_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n wonderful_o fruitful_a almost_o beyond_o belief_n yield_v for_o every_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n that_o be_v sow_o threescore_o and_o of_o maiz_n two_o hundred_o for_o one_o beside_o great_a plenty_n of_o sugarcane_n and_o cochineel_n both_o which_o notwithstanding_o the_o spaniard_n be_v say_v to_o neglect_v in_o some_o sort_n employ_v themselves_o whole_o about_o rich_a commodity_n for_o the_o country_n afford_v they_o good_a store_n of_o mine_n viz._n of_o sylver_n and_o brass_n but_o of_o gold_n or_o iron_n not_o many_o as_o yet_o have_v be_v find_v the_o river_n plentiful_o abound_v with_o fish_n and_o the_o wood_n with_o venison_n and_o some_o other_o wild_a beast_n the_o country_n general_o more_o mountainous_a than_o plain_a frequent_o shade_v with_o wood_n and_o whole_a forest_n of_o the_o stately_a pine_n tree_n and_o oak_n of_o timber_n that_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o people_n be_v say_v to_o be_v somewhat_o of_o a_o waver_a and_o inconstant_a disposition_n apt_a to_o take_v offence_n and_o though_o civilise_a in_o some_o measure_n and_o make_v christian_n by_o the_o spaniard_n yet_o oftentimes_o upon_o some_o light_a distaste_n give_v they_o seem_v willing_a to_o return_v again_o to_o their_o wood_n and_o barbarism_n the_o reason_n whereof_o in_o part_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v a_o natural_a slothfulness_n and_o unwillingness_n unto_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n in_o this_o people_n which_o they_o labour_v most_o of_o all_o to_o avoid_v and_o be_v so_o wise_a that_o they_o never_o will_v be_v bring_v to_o it_o but_o upon_o good_a wage_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a give_v to_o sport_n very_o much_o viz._n sing_v dance_a and_o drink_v out_o of_o measure_n in_o so_o much_o as_o it_o be_v think_v if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o their_o belove_a liquor_n they_o will_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v long_o to_o take_v either_o the_o care_n or_o the_o pain_n of_o husbandry_n they_o be_v of_o stature_n reasonable_o tall_a dwell_v both_o in_o town_n and_o village_n be_v distinguish_v into_o certain_a clan_n or_o tribe_n each_o whereof_o be_v govern_v by_o one_o chief_a but_o all_o of_o they_o subject_n to_o the_o judge_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n it_o contain_v in_o it_o these_o inferior_a province_n 1._o cinoloa_n 2._o couliacan_a 3._o xalisco_n 4._o guadalaiara_n all_o of_o they_o on_o the_o western_a shore_n 5._o zacatecas_n 6._o new-biscay_n and_o 7._o new-mexico_n more_o within_o land_n 2._o cinoloa_n be_v the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o new-gallicia_a bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o califormia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o a_o long_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n which_o they_o call_v tepecsuan_n on_o the_o north_n with_o cibola_n and_o with_o couliacan_a on_o the_o south_n the_o country_n beside_o the_o general_a fertility_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o new_a gallicia_n yield_v great_a store_n of_o cotton-wooll_n by_o reason_n whereof_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n here_o be_v better_o apparel_v for_o the_o most_o part_n than_o elsewhere_o the_o american_n be_v exceed_o well_o water_v with_o river_n which_o descend_v from_o those_o mountain_n tepecsuan_a not_o above_o thirty_o or_o forty_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n and_o which_o with_o the_o variety_n of_o their_o stream_n and_o meandrous_a gliding_n do_v divide_v the_o country_n into_o many_o and_o good_a pasture_n which_o be_v likewise_o store_v with_o abundance_n of_o kine_n ox_n and_o other_o cattle_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o spaniard_n be_v 1._o st._n philip_n and_o jacob_n seat_v towards_o the_o sea_n side_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fair_a river_n some_o thirty_o or_o forty_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o town_n of_o couliacan_a 2._o st._n john_n de_fw-fr cinoloa_n a_o ancient_a colony_n of_o spaniard_n settle_v there_o by_o francisco_n de_fw-fr tharra_n in_o the_o year_n 1554_o which_o be_v all_o they_o have_v in_o this_o country_n except_o some_o few_o old_a fort_n of_o the_o native_n which_o they_o find_v after_o their_o manner_n poor_o furnish_v but_o have_v since_o repair_v they_o for_o defence_n against_o the_o native_n of_o those_o part_n which_o as_o yet_o remain_v unreduce_v 3._o couliacan_a lie_v southward_o of_o cinoloa_n coast_v all_o along_o the_o bay_n of_o califormia_n which_o it_o have_v on_o the_o west_n on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v new-biscay_n and_o on_o the_o south_n xalisco_n the_o country_n not_o defective_a in_o any_o kind_n of_o necessary_a provision_n more_o especial_o abound_v with_o fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n but_o the_o spaniard_n look_v only_o at_o the_o mine_n of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o few_o in_o this_o country_n the_o people_n be_v general_o clothe_v with_o garment_n of_o cotton-wooll_n when_o the_o spaniard_n come_v first_o among_o they_o but_o yet_o never_o a_o whit_n the_o more_o modest_a be_v exceed_o give_v to_o venery_n and_o that_o in_o a_o more_o shameless_a and_o beastly_a manner_n than_o many_o other_o american_n be_v that_o go_v naked_a the_o spanish_a town_n be_v these_o 1._o hiustula_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fair_a river_n distant_a about_o a_o day_n journey_n from_o the_o sea_n 2._o quinola_n 3._o quatrabarrios_n a_o old_a town_n of_o the_o native_n but_o new_o name_v by_o the_o spaniard_n 4._o el_n leon_n a_o old_a burrow_n 5._o couliacan_a the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o province_n 6._o st._n michael_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o arroba_n two_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o rich_a and_o plentiful_a country_n both_o for_o corn_n and_o fruit_n and_o build_v by_o nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr gusman_n in_o the_o year_n 1531_o after_o he_o have_v burn_v the_o town_n and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o native_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n 4._o xalisco_n or_o galesco_n as_o some_o call_v it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o couliacan_a on_o the_o south_n with_o some_o part_n of_o new-spain_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o province_n of_o guadalaiara_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o califormia_n the_o country_n chief_o fertile_a in_o maiz_n and_o mine_n of_o silver_n not_o altogether_o so_o apt_a for_o herbage_n and_o pasture_n as_o some_o other_o country_n about_o it_o the_o people_n be_v cannibal_n before_o the_o spaniard_n come_v among_o they_o and_o do_v eat_v mans-flesh_n be_v
part_n of_o whatsoever_o shall_v be_v discover_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o but_o deny_v he_o the_o government_n of_o mexico_n out_o of_o reason_n of_o state_n though_o it_o be_v say_v he_o much_o desire_v it_o 6._o the_o bound_n of_o this_o kingdom_n at_o present_a be_v thus_o on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v a_o large_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o call_v the_o bay_n of_o new-spain_n or_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v some_o part_n of_o new-gallicia_a and_o mare_n deal_v zur_n on_o the_o north_n the_o rest_n of_o new-gallicia_a and_o part_n of_o florida_n and_o on_o the_o south_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n again_o and_o part_n of_o guatimala_n it_o extend_v itself_o in_o length_n from_o the_o further_a point_n of_o jucatan_n southeast_n to_o the_o border_n of_o new-gallicia_a northward_o above_o one_o thousand_o italian_a mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n from_o panuco_n to_o the_o south-sea_n about_o half_a so_o much_o it_o lie_v whole_o under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o country_n general_o so_o mountainous_a or_o high_a seat_v as_o some_o other_o of_o america_n be_v but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n level_v or_o low_a yet_o be_v it_o so_o fan_a for_o three_o part_n at_o least_o of_o four_o by_o the_o cool_a blast_n off_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o heat_n otherwise_o so_o moderate_v with_o frequent_a rain_n which_o it_o have_v constant_o three_o month_n in_o the_o year_n viz._n june_n july_n and_o august_n that_o the_o air_n be_v render_v thereby_o exceed_o temperate_a and_o agreeable_a and_o the_o climate_n not_o unhealthful_a especial_o to_o temperate_a body_n and_o such_o as_o be_v never_o so_o little_o use_v to_o it_o a_o goodly_a country_n it_o be_v of_o inexhaustible_a wealth_n and_o riches_n whether_o we_o regard_v the_o mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n brass_n iron_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o which_o it_o have_v many_o and_o very_o good_a or_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n abundance_n of_o cattle_n plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o grain_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n and_o endowment_n of_o nature_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o enrich_n of_o the_o world_n among_o other_o thing_n it_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o cassia_n the_o fruit_n whereof_o be_v a_o thing_n well_o know_v and_o much_o commend_v by_o the_o apothecary_n for_o its_o use_n in_o physic_n especial_o for_o purgation_n and_o remove_v of_o all_o obstruction_n of_o phlegm_n choler_n etc._n etc._n such_o store_n of_o balm_n amber_n all_o sort_n of_o gum_n and_o precious_a liquor_n as_o no_o country_n in_o the_o world_n be_v better_a furnish_v with_o matter_n of_o excellent_a perfume_n and_o physic_n than_o the_o kingdom_n of_o new-spain_n be_v abundance_n of_o coco-nut_n and_o such_o plenty_n of_o that_o excellent_a dye_n call_v coccinele_o that_o it_o be_v say_v no_o less_o than_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o arrobe_n of_o spanish_a measure_n which_o make_v above_o five_o time_n so_o many_o english_a bushel_n be_v yearly_o transport_v thence_o good_a plenty_n likewise_o both_o of_o wheat_n and_o maiz_n with_o barley_n and_o pulse_n of_o all_o sort_n all_o kind_n of_o garden_n herb_n root_n and_o plant_n in_o so_o great_a abundance_n and_o so_o admirable_o thrive_v that_o it_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v believe_v whole_a wood_n and_o forest_n as_o it_o be_v of_o orange_n limmons_n citron_n and_o other_o such_o fruit_n as_o have_v be_v say_v some_o cherry_n but_o of_o apple_n pear_n and_o figgs_n etc._n etc._n beyond_o measure_n the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n very_o ingenious_a in_o divers_a mechanical_a art_n especial_o in_o make_v of_o feather-picture_n a_o piece_n of_o curiosity_n wherein_o they_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v incomparable_o or_o rather_o inimitable_o excellent_a and_o so_o industrious_a at_o it_o that_o although_o the_o american_n general_o be_v not_o a_o people_n over_o much_o addict_v to_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n or_o study_v yet_o at_o this_o they_o will_v sit_v a_o whole_a day_n together_o without_o either_o meat_n or_o drink_n only_o out_o of_o a_o natural_a affection_n they_o have_v to_o the_o work_n and_o a_o desire_n to_o be_v excellent_a in_o it_o the_o country_n indeed_o afford_v they_o great_a variety_n of_o bird_n and_o other_o fowl_n of_o most_o rare_a and_o exquisite_a colour_n which_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o their_o skill_n and_o help_n much_o to_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o their_o work_n they_o paint_v likewise_o very_o curious_o upon_o their_o cotton_n and_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v general_o the_o best_a goldsmith_n in_o the_o world_n of_o most_o perfect_a skill_n in_o the_o purge_n and_o refine_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o metal_n but_o especial_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o yet_o in_o other_o thing_n so_o strange_o stupid_a and_o ignorant_a that_o when_o the_o spaniard_n first_o appear_v among_o they_o on_o horseback_n it_o be_v report_v not_o a_o few_o of_o they_o take_v the_o horse_n and_o man_n both_o for_o one_o cteature_n and_o when_o the_o horse_n neigh_v they_o will_v inquire_v very_o serious_o what_o he_o say_v there_o be_v likewise_o many_o fair_a lake_n in_o the_o province_n of_o new-spain_n but_o the_o principal_a be_v those_o of_o chapala_n and_o mexico_n the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v in_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n towards_o the_o border_n of_o new_a gallicia_n and_o be_v chief_o famous_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o good_a salt_n that_o be_v yearly_a make_v and_o transport_v thence_o the_o other_o of_o mexico_n be_v the_o large_a and_o goodly_a one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o world_n of_o circular_a form_n and_o contain_v as_o some_o say_v little_o less_o than_o nine_o hundred_o mile_n in_o compâ—â—s_n environ_v with_o the_o main_a land_n the_o peninsula_n or_o cape_n of_o florida_n jucatan_n and_o the_o island_n cuba_n have_v two_o only_a passage_n in_o and_o out_o and_o both_o of_o they_o well_o fortify_v the_o one_o betwixt_o the_o point_n of_o jucatan_n and_o the_o isle_n cuba_n where_o the_o tide_n violent_o enter_v and_o the_o other_o betwixt_o the_o say_a island_n and_o the_o cape_n florida_n where_o it_o go_v as_o violent_o out_o upon_o which_o gulf_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v always_o some_o good_a ship_n in_o readiness_n for_o all_o occasion_n and_o by_o they_o it_o be_v suppose_v he_o do_v more_o assure_v his_o estate_n in_o those_o part_n of_o america_n than_o by_o all_o his_o garrison_n beside_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o new-spain_n be_v subdivide_v into_o these_o inferior_a province_n viz._n 1._o panuco_fw-la 2._o mexicana_fw-la 3._o mechoacan_a 4._o tlascalla_n 5._o guaxata_n 6._o chiapa_n and_o 7._o jucatan_n 7._o panuco_n be_v the_o most_o northerly_a province_n of_o new-spain_n by_o some_o call_v guasteca_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o west_n with_o vxitipa_n a_o country_n of_o new-gallicia_a on_o the_o north_n with_o some_o undiscovered_a country_n of_o florida_n from_o which_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o river_n of_o palm_n on_o the_o south_n with_o mechoacan_a and_o mexicana_n it_o be_v call_v panuco_n from_o a_o river_n of_o that_o name_n which_o run_v from_o the_o mountain_n tepecsuan_fw-mi in_o new_a gallicia_n and_o divide_v new-biscay_n from_o the_o province_n of_o zacatecas_n pass_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o country_n also_o and_o at_o last_o empti_v itself_o into_o the_o gulf._n the_o country_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v about_o fifty_o league_n in_o length_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n of_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n have_v some_o mine_n of_o gold_n in_o it_o and_o once_o very_o populous_a till_o hernando_n cortes_n and_o the_o spaniard_n about_o the_o year_n 1522_o dispeople_v it_o by_o their_o cruelty_n the_o chief_a town_n now_o remain_v and_o inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n be_v first_o st._n lewis_n de_fw-fr tampice_n a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n situate_v on_o the_o northern_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n panuco_n at_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o it_o where_o it_o have_v a_o very_a large_a haven_n but_o so_o bar_v with_o sand_n that_o no_o ship_n of_o any_o great_a burden_n can_v enter_v or_o abide_v in_o it_o with_o safety_n and_o yet_o the_o river_n otherwise_o so_o deep_a that_o vessel_n of_o five_o hundred_o tun_n may_v sail_v up_o threescore_o league_n at_o least_o within_o land_n and_o thereby_o visit_v the_o rich_a mine_n of_o zatatecas_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o it_o and_o of_o new-biscay_n on_o the_o other_o at_o pleasure_n and_o without_o fear_n of_o much_o opposition_n 2._o st._n stevan_fw-mi del_fw-it puerto_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o same_o river_n eight_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n or_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n at_o present_a the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o province_n build_v by_o cortes_n in_o the_o place_n where_o stand_v old_a panuco_n which_o be_v
this_o tract_n by_o which_o it_o be_v first_o discover_v the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n mountainous_a and_o the_o soil_n outward_o but_o barren_a but_o recompense_v all_o defect_n with_o the_o abundance_n of_o its_o more_o inward_a wealth_n i_o mean_v in_o the_o richness_n of_o its_o mine_n of_o which_o it_o be_v say_v to_o afford_v many_o and_o so_o inexhaustible_o rich_a and_o good_a that_o the_o spaniard_n here_o know_v no_o end_n of_o their_o wealth_n although_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o stoutness_n and_o untamableness_n of_o the_o native_n it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n and_o they_o meet_v with_o no_o small_a difficulty_n before_o they_o can_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o treasure_n the_o chief_a town_n they_o have_v here_o be_v 1._o la_fw-fr conception_n lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n so_o name_v and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o governor_n 2._o la_fw-fr trinidad_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o same_o river_n likewise_o but_o more_o down_o towards_o port_n beleno_fw-it and_o about_o six_o league_n eastward_o of_o conception_n 3._o st._n foy_n twelve_o league_n more_o to_o the_o south_n where_o the_o spaniard_n melt_v their_o gold_n and_o cast_v it_o into_o bar_n or_o ingot_n 4._o carlos_n a_o town_n they_o have_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o mare_n deal_v zur_n 5._o philippina_n another_o on_o the_o west_n of_o carlos_n both_o of_o these_o well_o seat_v upon_o a_o large_a and_o capacious_a bay_n before_o which_o there_o lie_v a_o fry_n of_o certain_a little_a island_n to_o the_o number_n of_o thirty_o or_o more_o which_o the_o spaniard_n be_v say_v to_o have_v whole_o dispeople_v long_o since_o by_o force_v the_o native_n over_o into_o the_o continent_n to_o work_v in_o the_o mine_n as_o usual_o they_o do_v before_o the_o emperor_n prohibition_n but_o now_o they_o use_v slave_n or_o negro_n which_o they_o buy_v for_o that_o purpose_n from_o guiny_n and_o other_o part_n chap._n x._o of_o peruana_n or_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n 1._o the_o country_n of_o peru_n understand_v by_o it_o all_o that_o part_n of_o america_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n of_o darien_n be_v general_o resemble_v to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o pyramid_n reverse_v the_o basis_n whereof_o that_o be_v as_o i_o conconceive_v the_o more_o southerly_a part_n of_o it_o towards_o magellanica_fw-la and_o the_o streit_n extend_v themselves_o large_o both_o east_n and_o west_n become_v more_o sharp_a and_o strait_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o those_o part_n by_o which_o it_o be_v join_v to_o mexicana_n in_o the_o whole_a it_o be_v suppose_v to_o contain_v a_o circuit_n of_o seventeen_o thousand_o mile_n at_o least_o and_o be_v water_v with_o four_o of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o abundance_n of_o lesser_n stream_n which_o issue_v from_o the_o andes_n and_o other_o mountain_n of_o the_o country_n do_v run_v from_o all_o part_n both_o into_o the_o north_n and_o south_n sea_n much_o fertilize_n the_o country_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v the_o four_o principal_n be_v these_o 1._o orellana_n otherwise_o call_v the_o river_n of_o amazon_n this_o rise_v in_o the_o province_n of_o peru_n and_o run_v a_o course_n of_o little_a less_o than_o five_o thousand_o mile_n discharge_v itself_o at_o last_o into_o the_o north_n sea_n through_o a_o channel_n as_o some_o say_v of_o threescore_o league_n broad_a and_o yet_o with_o such_o a_o violent_a current_n or_o stream_n that_o it_o be_v say_v to_o keep_v its_o natural_a colour_n and_o taste_v almost_o thirty_o mile_n in_o the_o sea_n 2._o orenoque_n a_o river_n of_o the_o province_n of_o guiana_n who_o head_n or_o spring_n be_v not_o yet_o discover_v it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v navigable_a a_o thousand_o mile_n together_o by_o the_o tall_a ship_n and_o no_o less_o than_o two_o thousand_o by_o pinnace_n and_o small_a vessel_n and_o discharge_v itself_o likewise_o into_o the_o north_n sea_n by_o sixteen_o several_a channel_n or_o mouth_n make_v thereby_o several_a island_n some_o whereof_z be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o good_a bigness_n and_o to_o lie_v at_o a_o distance_n of_o one_o hundred_o mile_n or_o more_o one_o from_o the_o other_o 3._o maragnon_n a_o river_n of_o a_o yet_o large_a course_n than_o any_o of_o the_o former_a be_v as_o it_o be_v say_v no_o less_o than_o six_o thousand_o mile_n from_o its_o head_n which_o be_v out_o of_o the_o andes_n in_o peru_n to_o its_o fall_n which_o be_v likewise_o into_o the_o north_n sea_n about_o cape_n blanco_n by_o a_o channel_n of_o seventy_o league_n in_o breadth_n 4._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la otherwise_o call_v paraguay_n a_o river_n of_o two_o thousand_o mile_n course_n and_o fall_v as_o the_o rest_n into_o the_o north_n sea_n by_o a_o channel_n of_o threescore_o mile_n over_o and_o about_o thirty_o four_o degree_n southward_o of_o the_o line_n towards_o magellans_n streit_n this_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n contain_v these_o particular_a province_n follow_v all_o of_o they_o wealthy_a and_o large_a viz._n castilia_n aurea_fw-la or_o golden_a castille_n 2._o nova-granada_n or_o the_o new_a kingdom_n as_o they_o call_v it_o 3._o peru_n special_o so_o call_v 4._o chile_n 5._o paraguay_n 6._o brasil_n 7._o guiana_n and_o 8._o paria_fw-la with_o some_o lesser_a island_n adjoin_v to_o all_o or_o most_o of_o these_o province_n and_o common_o reckon_v as_o part_v of_o they_o chap._n xi_o of_o castilia_n aurea_n 1._o castella_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o or_o golden_a castille_n take_v up_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isthmus_n or_o strait_n of_o darien_n which_o have_v not_o be_v yet_o speak_v of_o be_v bound_v eastward_o and_o to_o the_o north-east_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n and_o some_o part_n of_o veragua_n southward_o it_o have_v the_o new_a kingdom_n or_o granada_n it_o be_v call_v sometime_o terra_fw-la firma_fw-la because_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o firm_a land_n which_o the_o spaniard_n touch_v upon_o after_o they_o have_v pass_v so_o many_o island_n as_o seem_v for_o some_o time_n to_o block_n up_o and_o bar_v they_o from_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o these_o inferior_a province_n or_o country_n viz._n 1._o panama_n 2._o darien_n 3._o nova-andaluzia_n 4._o st._n martha_n and_o 5._o the_o little_a province_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n 2._o panama_n common_o call_v the_o district_n or_o circle_n of_o panama_n be_v bound_v eastward_o with_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o vrraba_n by_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o this_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v veragua_n one_o of_o the_o province_n of_o guatimala_n be_v on_o both_o the_o other_o side_n wash_v with_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o contain_v in_o length_n from_o cartagena_n and_o popayan_n to_o the_o confine_n of_o veragua_n about_o fourscore_o or_o ninety_o league_n in_o breadth_n not_o above_o threescore_o in_o any_o part_n and_o where_o it_o be_v narrow_a viz._n betwixt_o the_o city_n of_o panama_n and_o nombre_n de_fw-fr dios_fw-es if_o measure_v by_o a_o right_a line_n not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o over_o from_o sea_n to_o sea_n it_o lie_v almost_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n but_o a_o few_o degree_n northward_o of_o it_o and_o therefore_o somewhat_o hot_a and_o by_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o both_o sea_n subject_a to_o a_o foggy_a and_o gross_a air_n in_o comparison_n of_o some_o other_o part_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o count_v general_o so_o healthful_a a_o country_n especial_o for_o stranger_n and_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n which_o the_o spaniard_n inhabit_v here_o be_v 1._o st._n philip_n otherwise_o call_v porto_n bello_fw-la from_o the_o good_a haven_n adjoin_v to_o it_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o at_o present_a the_o staple_n of_o trade_n betwixt_o panama_n and_o spain_n the_o haven_n fortify_v likewise_o with_o two_o strong_a castle_n notwithstanding_o which_o it_o be_v both_o surprise_v and_o well_o pillage_v by_o the_o english_a under_o the_o command_n of_o captain_n parker_n about_o the_o year_n 1601_o and_o the_o governor_n himself_o pedro_n melendez_n take_v prisoner_n 2._o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_fw-es so_o name_v by_o didaco_n niquesa_n a_o spanish_a adventurer_n who_o be_v drive_v by_o distress_n of_o weather_n and_o ready_a to_o be_v wrack_v bad_a his_o man_n here_o get_v on_o shore_n en_fw-fr nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_n that_o be_v in_o god_n name_n the_o town_n be_v very_o well_o seat_v for_o commerce_n and_o trade_n at_o the_o beginning_n and_o enjoy_v it_o for_o a_o good_a while_n but_o the_o place_n be_v find_v something_o less_o healthful_a and_o otherwise_o obnoxious_a to_o enemy_n at_o sea_n the_o trade_n and_o chief_a
inhabitant_n be_v since_o remove_v to_o porto_n bello_fw-la or_o st._n philip_n aforesaid_a as_o to_o a_o more_o fortify_v and_o secure_a place_n 3._o acla_o a_o town_n upon_o the_o same_o coast_n but_o lie_v southeast_n of_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios._n 4._o nata_fw-la common_o call_v st._n jago_n de_fw-fr nata_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o this_o province_n upon_o mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n or_o the_o south_n sea_n about_o thirty_o league_n distance_n from_o panama_n towards_o the_o border_n of_o veragua_n 5._o panama_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n be_v also_o a_o bishop_n sea_n who_o be_v suffragan_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o lima_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o these_o part_n it_o be_v seat_v likewise_o upon_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o so_o near_o that_o at_o high_a water_n the_o ship_n be_v say_v to_o ride_v even_o under_o the_o wall_n through_o this_o town_n the_o wealth_n both_o of_o peru_n and_o spain_n pass_v once_o every_o year_n from_o spain_n by_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_n and_o porto_n bello_fw-la from_o whence_o whatsoever_o merchandise_n or_o other_o commodity_n come_v from_o spain_n be_v transport_v to_o panama_n by_o land_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o sea_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o peru_n and_o by_o panama_n whatsoever_o come_v from_o peru_n to_o be_v send_v into_o spain_n it_o have_v common_o a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o soldier_n in_o it_o and_o be_v doubtless_o a_o place_n otherwise_o well_o fortify_v be_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n last_o la_n crux_fw-la real_a a_o few_o league_n distant_a from_o panama_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v by_o negro_n 3._o darien_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o district_n or_o circle_n of_o panama_n on_o the_o south_n the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n eastward_o it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n abovesaid_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n darien_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o province_n and_o to_o the_o west_n with_o the_o south_n sea_n of_o a_o more_o temperate_a air_n by_o far_o than_o that_o of_o panama_n and_o a_o soil_n so_o admirable_o fruitful_a and_o lusty_a that_o they_o say_v melon_n cucumber_n and_o general_o all_o other_o fruit_n of_o the_o garden_n be_v ripe_a and_o fit_a to_o gather_v within_o twenty_o day_n or_o less_o after_o their_o first_o sow_v the_o chief_a and_o indeed_o only_a town_n of_o this_o tract_n be_v darien_n call_v ancient_o by_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o it_o st._n maria_n antiqua_fw-la and_o by_o other_o the_o antique_a of_o darien_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o town_n that_o be_v build_v by_o the_o spaniard_n on_o the_o firm_a land_n 4._o eastward_o of_o darien_n and_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o new-andaluzia_n as_o some_o call_v it_o though_o that_o name_n be_v likewise_o and_o perhaps_o more_o true_o attribute_v to_o the_o province_n of_o paria_fw-la hereafter_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o country_n call_v st._n martha_n on_o the_o north_n the_o main_a ocean_n and_o new-granada_n towards_o the_o south_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o mountainous_a country_n and_o full_a of_o wood_n which_o they_o say_v yield_v abundance_n of_o rosin_n gum_n and_o some_o very_a good_a balsam_n but_o the_o plain_n by_o reason_n of_o much_o rain_n to_o which_o the_o country_n be_v subject_a especial_o for_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n of_o but_o a_o spewy_a and_o cold_a soil_n the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o first_o come_n find_v it_o a_o rich_a country_n not_o so_o much_o from_o the_o nature_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o soil_n though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v some_o mine_n in_o it_o and_o those_o of_o gold_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o certain_a opinion_n and_o respect_n which_o the_o american_n of_o these_o part_n be_v general_o say_v to_o have_v bear_v towards_o this_o country_n insomuch_o that_o they_o will_v be_v bring_v and_o bury_v therein_o from_o other_o place_n very_o remote_a and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n not_o without_o good_a store_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o jewel_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v bury_v of_o which_o the_o spaniard_n soon_o gain_v intelligence_n and_o in_o ransack_v the_o grave_n and_o monument_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v suppose_v to_o have_v find_v a_o infinite_a mass_n of_o treasure_n but_o those_o mine_n be_v long_o since_o exhaust_v the_o place_n of_o chief_a impotance_n here_o be_v 1._o carthagena_n situate_v upon_o the_o north_n sea_n in_o a_o sandy_a peninsula_n or_o half_a island_n well_o build_v and_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o it_o of_o good_a wealth_n and_o riches_n as_o the_o english_a well_o find_v under_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1585._o when_o they_o take_v the_o place_n and_o have_v pillage_v it_o carried_z away_o beside_o abundance_n of_o treasure_n no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o brass_n piece_n of_o ordinance_n it_o be_v count_v one_o of_o the_o best_a havens_n belong_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o america_n 2._o tolu_fw-la by_o the_o spaniard_n now_o call_v st._n jago_n twelve_o league_n distant_a from_o cartagena_n a_o place_n memorable_a for_o the_o excellent_a balsam_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o &_o common_o call_v the_o balsam_n of_o tolu_fw-la 3._o st._n crux_fw-la de_fw-fr mopox_o a_o neat_a town_n seated_z a_o little_a above_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n st._n martha_n and_o magdalene_n which_o water_n this_o province_n 4._o baranca_n de_fw-fr nolambo_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n especial_o for_o all_o commodity_n of_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n it_o stand_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o magdelene_n river_n and_o about_o six_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 5._o buena_fw-es vista_n otherwise_o call_v st._n sabastian_n de_fw-fr buena_fw-es vista_n a_o town_n commodious_o seat_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n not_o far_o from_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n or_o the_o sound_n of_o darien_n about_o a_o league_n and_o half_a from_o the_o sea_n and_o last_o villa_n de_fw-fr st._n maria_n thirty_o league_n southward_a of_o cartagena_n 5._o st._n martha_n so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_n city_n of_o the_o province_n be_v border_v on_o the_o west_n with_o new-andaluzia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o new-granada_n it_o be_v about_o threescore_o and_o ten_o league_n in_o length_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n a_o mountainous_a country_n likewise_o for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o the_o ground_n not_o much_o commend_v but_o only_o for_o some_o fruit_n of_o the_o ordinary_a growth_n of_o spain_n viz._n orange_n lemon_n etc._n etc._n which_o thrive_v here_o very_o well_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o coast_n very_o hot_a but_o more_o within_o land_n as_o extreme_o cold_a viz._n upon_o the_o mountain_n the_o country_n be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v rio_n grande_n as_o they_o call_v it_o or_o the_o great_a river_n of_o magdalene_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o new-granada_n fall_v down_o into_o this_o province_n &_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o the_o city_n of_o st._n martha_n and_o cartegena_n though_o at_o a_o distance_n of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o league_n from_o either_o with_o a_o double_a stream_n and_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n that_o as_o acosta_n testify_v it_o be_v count_v not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a to_o attempt_v the_o entrance_n of_o it_o sometime_o viz._n when_o the_o tide_n and_o the_o stream_n be_v contrary_a the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o st._n martha_n seat_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n have_v a_o safe_a and_o very_a convenient_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o well_o defend_v from_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o high_a mountain_n lie_v almost_o right_o over_o against_o it_o it_o be_v no_o great_a town_n but_o rich_a for_o the_o bigness_n at_o least_o it_o be_v find_v so_o when_o sir_n francis_n drake_n surprise_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1595._o what_o it_o be_v the_o year_n follow_v when_o sir_n anthony_n shirley_n call_v there_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1630_o when_o the_o dutch_a take_v it_o i_o can_v say_v 2._o tenariffe_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o magdalene_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n martha_n 3._o villa_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr palmas_n twenty_o league_n southward_a of_o tenariff_n 4._o ciudad_fw-es de_fw-es los_fw-es reyes_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o vpar_n and_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o large_a river_n call_v guataporta_n which_o a_o little_a below_o this_o town_n fall_v into_o the_o magdalene_n it_o be_v a_o frontier_n place_n and_o but_o ill_o neighbour_v by_o reason_n of_o certain_a
the_o coast_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o some_o say_v full_a three_o hundred_o league_n in_o length_n viz._n from_o the_o cape_n del_fw-it aguia_fw-la northward_o on_o the_o border_n of_o quito_n as_o far_o as_o arequipa_n towards_o the_o south_n the_o soil_n reasonable_o fertile_a in_o all_o thing_n as_o be_v much_o more_o equal_o divide_v into_o hill_n and_o plain_a country_n and_o much_o better_o people_v than_o some_o other_o province_n the_o place_n most_o observable_a and_o important_a in_o it_o be_v 1._o miraflores_n as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o a_o well_o seat_v and_o wealthy_a town_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o zanu_n five_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v likewise_o a_o good_a haven_n or_o port._n 2._o truxillo_n two_o or_o three_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n the_o haven_n whereof_o be_v say_v to_o be_v large_a but_o not_o so_o safe_a the_o town_n itself_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o pleasant_a river_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o chicama_n consist_v of_o five_o hundred_o family_n or_o more_o the_o air_n very_o healthful_a and_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o as_o fruitful_a and_o good_a as_o any_o of_o these_o part_n of_o america_n especial_o abound_v in_o corn_n sugarcane_n and_o cattle_n 3._o la_fw-fr parilla_n twenty_o league_n southward_o of_o truxillo_n in_o the_o valley_n call_v santa_n and_o well_o neighbour_v with_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n late_o discover_v 4._o arnedo_n seat_v among_o the_o vineyard_n of_o the_o valley_n of_o changay_a ten_o league_n from_o lima_n northward_o 5._o lima_n by_o the_o spaniard_n common_o call_v la_o ciudad_n de_fw-fr los_fw-es reyes_n or_o the_o city_n of_o king_n so_o name_v because_o pizarro_n who_o build_v it_o lay_v the_o first_o stone_n on_o twelve_o day_n 1553_o which_o they_o call_v the_o feast_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o lima_n one_o of_o the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o all_o peru_n and_o so_o neat_o build_v that_o all_o the_o chief_a street_n of_o the_o city_n open_a upon_o a_o fair_a marketplace_n or_o piazza_n of_o such_o a_o large_a square_n that_o upon_o the_o side_n thereof_o be_v build_v in_o a_o stately_a and_o convenient_a manner_n the_o cathedral_n church_n and_o palace_n of_o the_o archbishop_n the_o vice-roys_n palace_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n with_o the_o exchequer_n or_o public_a treasury_n the_o town-house_n or_o place_n where_o the_o city_n magistrate_n meet_v and_o hold_v their_o court_n the_o public_a armoury_n or_o magazine_n and_o divers_a other_o fair_a building_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o better_a sort_n of_o citizen_n the_o whole_a city_n be_v environ_v round_o about_o with_o most_o delicate_a field_n and_o pleasant_a garden_n and_o scarce_o a_o citizen_n house_n within_o but_o by_o the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o river_n which_o run_v by_o it_o be_v well_o supply_v with_o water_n brief_o as_o it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o peru_n that_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a city_n for_o authority_n and_o dignity_n so_o be_v it_o likewise_o the_o chief_a for_o delight_n and_o wealth_n 6._o cullao_n this_o be_v the_o haven_n or_o port_n town_n to_o lima_n and_o but_o two_o league_n distant_a from_o it_o a_o town_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o family_n all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o seaman_n and_o not_o a_o house_n in_o it_o but_o be_v well_o provide_v of_o cellar-room_n and_o stowage_n for_o merchandise_n which_o be_v there_o receive_v from_o all_o part_n both_o come_n from_o and_o go_v to_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v with_o lima_n itself_o surprise_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1579_o and_o their_o cellar_n search_v as_o well_o as_o can_v be_v do_v in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n whereupon_o since_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v fortify_v with_o two_o strong_a bulwark_n a_o wall_n of_o earth_n and_o about_o thirty_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n plant_v on_o the_o work_n 7_o pachacama_n four_o league_n southward_o of_o lima_n memorable_a chief_o for_o pizarros_n good_a fortune_n here_o who_o be_v report_v to_o have_v find_v in_o one_o only_a old_a temple_n of_o the_o native_n the_o quantity_n of_o nine_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n beside_o what_o his_o soldier_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v seize_v on_o and_o convey_v away_o before_o he_o come_v 8._o guarco_n a_o colony_n of_o three_o hundred_o spaniard_n sixteen_o league_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o pachacama_n round_v with_o the_o best_a field_n for_o wheat_n in_o all_o peru._n 9_o valverde_n a_o great_a town_n inhabit_v by_o five_o hundred_o spaniard_n and_o though_o at_o sixteen_o league_n distance_n from_o the_o sea_n yet_o well_o trade_v and_o rich_a the_o valley_n wherein_o it_o lie_v and_o from_o which_o it_o take_v its_o name_n afford_v the_o best_a vine_n of_o america_n 10._o castro-verreina_a threescore_o league_n distant_a from_o lima_n to_o the_o south_n east_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o chocolocha_n and_o be_v a_o rich_a place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o good_a mine_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v about_o it_o and_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o tobacco_n 11._o arequipa_n a_o pleasant_a and_o delightsome_a town_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o quilca_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o league_n distant_a from_o lima_n southward_o of_o a_o temperate_a and_o fresh_a air_n a_o flourish_a soil_n and_o the_o town_n very_o rich_a and_o frequent_v by_o reason_n that_o through_o it_o much_o of_o the_o silver_n of_o potozi_n and_o divers_a other_o mine_n thereabouts_o that_o be_v design_v for_o spain_n pass_v yearly_a to_o be_v ship_v for_o panama_n at_o a_o haven_n belong_v to_o this_o town_n though_o at_o a_o distance_n as_o some_o say_v of_o 10._o or_o 21._o league_n 12_o caxamalca_n more_o within_o land_n towards_o the_o north_n a_o place_n chief_o memorable_a for_o the_o imprisonment_n &_o murder_n of_o atabalipa_n the_o last_o king_n of_o peru_n who_o the_o spaniard_n overthrow_v and_o take_v prisoner_n near_o to_o this_o place_n and_o afterward_o use_v as_o have_v be_v say_v last_o 13._o leon_n de_fw-fr guanuco_n so_o call_v from_o the_o territory_n wherein_o it_o stand_v a_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a place_n be_v ancient_o a_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n of_o peru_n very_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a now_o likewise_o much_o beautify_v with_o house_n both_o of_o the_o spanish_a and_o peruvian_n nobility_n some_o convent_v of_o religious_a man_n and_o a_o college_n of_o jesuit_n 6._o cusco_n be_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o peru_n contain_v general_o all_o the_o sierra_n or_o hill_n country_n and_o those_o part_n of_o the_o andes_n likewise_o which_o lie_v southward_o of_o the_o little_a province_n or_o cantre_v of_o guanuco_n be_v coast_v westward_o and_o to_o the_o northwest_n with_o lima_n eastward_o with_o los_fw-la quixos_n and_o some_o part_n of_o guiana_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o charcas_n enjoy_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o temperate_a and_o good_a air_n neither_o overheat_v with_o the_o scorch_a sun_n in_o the_o day_n nor_o damp_a with_o any_o cold_a mist_n or_o dew_n in_o the_o evening_n as_o some_o part_n of_o the_o plain_n of_o peru_n be_v but_o well_o water_v with_o many_o fresh_a river_n which_o make_v the_o valley_n and_o low_a ground_n of_o it_o good_a pasturage_n and_o to_o maintain_v great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n the_o wood_n especial_o store_v with_o the_o coca_n who_o leaf_n be_v count_v so_o restorative_a as_o we_o say_v chap._n 7._o and_o with_o much_o excellent_a venison_n the_o principal_a town_n and_o place_n of_o trade_n in_o it_o be_v first_o bombon_n situate_v upon_o a_o lake_n call_v chinchacocha_n say_v to_o be_v ten_o league_n in_o compass_n begird_v round_o about_o almost_o with_o hill_n and_o neighbour_v with_o many_o other_o lesser_a but_o pleasant_a village_n 2._o parcos_fw-la once_o a_o palace_n royal_a of_o the_o inca_n seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o little_a hill_n encompass_v with_o other_o rocky_a and_o high_a mountain_n on_o all_o side_n 3._o guamanga_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n st._n juan_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vittoria_n a_o fair_a and_o well_o build_v city_n and_o a_o episcopal_a sea_n threescore_o and_o ten_o league_n distant_a from_o lima_n eastward_o 4._o bilcas_n another_o palace_n of_o the_o inca_n now_o a_o good_a town_n of_o the_o native_n and_o situate_v as_o be_v suppose_v in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o country_n of_o peru._n 5._o guancavelica_n a_o new_a town_n raise_v from_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o very_a poor_a village_n to_o a_o place_n of_o very_o great_a importance_n and_o traffic_n only_o by_o the_o mine_n of_o quicksilver_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v chap._n 11._o and_o which_o be_v first_o discover_v there_o in_o the_o year_n 1566._o it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o two_o thousand_o
equal_a nor_o certain_a they_o say_v it_o be_v call_v chile_n from_o the_o word_n i_o will_v which_o signify_v cold_a it_o seem_v in_o their_o language_n as_o well_o as_o we_o it_o be_v general_o a_o cold_a and_o bleak_a country_n the_o air_n in_o many_o part_n of_o it_o so_o extreme_o sharp_a and_o pierce_a that_o both_o horse_n and_o rider_n sometime_o in_o travel_v be_v freeze_v to_o death_n as_o the_o spaniard_n find_v by_o experience_n in_o their_o first_o search_n and_o discovery_n of_o the_o country_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o diego_n almagro_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o man_n dead_a behind_o he_o in_o this_o manner_n but_o this_o be_v chief_o towards_o the_o andes_n and_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_n the_o more_o inland_n part_n of_o it_o though_o mountainous_a also_o in_o some_o part_n yet_o be_v more_o temperate_a and_o be_v also_o well_o water_v with_o rivers_n be_v much_o more_o fruitful_a than_o the_o other_o afford_v both_o wheat_n and_o maiz_n and_o likewise_o other_o grain_n excellent_a pasturage_n in_o many_o place_n and_o great_a store_n of_o cattle_n wine_n honey_n not_o without_o many_o &_o rich_a mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o native_n of_o this_o country_n be_v find_v the_o most_o stout_a and_o warlike_a of_o all_o the_o american_n the_o spaniard_n have_v hitherto_o meet_v withal_o fight_v with_o they_o and_o oftentimes_o defeat_v they_o in_o the_o open_a field_n surprise_v and_o sack_v their_o town_n and_o last_o of_o all_o take_v their_o captain_n and_o commander_n in_o chief_a prisoner_n this_o be_v pedro_n baldivia_n one_o of_o those_o good_a man_n that_o consent_v to_o the_o death_n of_o atabalipa_n the_o last_o king_n of_o peru_n after_o a_o great_a ransom_n accept_v and_o pay_v than_o perhaps_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n can_v well_o raise_v on_o a_o sudden_a if_o he_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v it_o for_o himself_o the_o araucans_n for_o so_o be_v the_o people_n call_v that_o have_v he_o prisoner_n be_v say_v to_o have_v entertain_v he_o for_o a_o while_n gallant_o make_v he_o a_o feast_n but_o for_o his_o last_o draught_n give_v he_o a_o cup_n of_o melt_a gold_n which_o the_o poor_a man_n be_v force_v to_o take_v down_o and_o so_o dye_v the_o whole_a province_n general_o be_v divide_v first_o into_o chile_n special_o so_o call_v and_o second_o magellanica_fw-la or_o that_o part_n which_o lie_v more_o southward_o down_o to_o the_o streit_n of_o magellan_n 2._o chile_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v border_v northward_o with_o the_o desert_n and_o barren_a country_n of_o atacama_n above_o mention_v on_o the_o south_n with_o magellanica_fw-la on_o the_o west_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n eastward_o and_o to_o the_o north-east_n with_o some_o part_n of_o paraguay_n or_o rather_o with_o some_o undiscovered_a country_n lie_v betwixt_o they_o both_o the_o length_n of_o it_o from_o north_n to_o south_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v little_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o league_n and_o general_o of_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n afford_v beside_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n both_o corn_n cattle_n vineyard_n and_o divers_a sort_n of_o fruit_n equal_a both_o for_o kind_n and_o plenty_n to_o spain_n itself_o and_o sundry_a other_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o air_n likewise_o for_o the_o most_o part_n temperate_a and_o the_o people_n in_o their_o manner_n and_o condition_n approach_v much_o near_a to_o the_o civility_n and_o likewise_o subtlety_n of_o european_n than_o other_o american_n do_v which_o doubtless_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o conformity_n of_o the_o climate_n under_o which_o they_o lie_v agreeable_a to_o those_o of_o europe_n though_o otherwise_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o sphere_n and_o season_n of_o the_o year_n there_o be_v diametrical_a difference_n betwixt_o we_o as_o for_o example_n their_o spring_n beginning_n in_o september_n which_o be_v our_o autumn_n and_o their_o autumn_n in_o march_n which_o be_v our_o spring_n their_o long_a day_n be_v that_o of_o st._n lucy_n on_o the_o eleven_o of_o december_n which_o be_v our_o short_a and_o their_o short_a being_n st._n barnaby_n viz._n the_o eleven_o of_o june_n which_o be_v our_o long_a etc._n etc._n the_o town_n of_o chief_a note_n and_o importance_n in_o this_o province_n be_v first_o gopiapo_n a_o old_a town_n in_o the_o most_o northerly_a part_n of_o this_o province_n towards_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o very_a commodious_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o 2._o la_fw-fr serena_n a_o town_n situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o coquimbo_n a_o pleasant_a river_n a_o little_a above_o its_o influx_n into_o the_o sea_n build_v by_o baldivia_n in_o the_o year_n 1544_o the_o country_n about_o it_o very_o rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o town_n itself_o so_o well_o garrison_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o native_n that_o when_o the_o english_a under_o sir_n francis_n drake_n about_o four-score_n year_n since_o attempt_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o place_n they_o find_v hot_a service_n of_o it_o be_v stout_o resist_v and_o beat_v back_o again_o to_o their_o ship_n by_o a_o sally_n of_o no_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o good_a horse_n and_o two_o hundred_o foot_n 3._o st._n jago_n the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o province_n a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n lie_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n tapocalma_n in_o the_o thirty_o four_o degree_n of_o southern_a latitude_n fifteen_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o south-sea_n at_o which_o it_o have_v a_o very_a commodious_a and_o much_o frequent_v haven_n which_o they_o call_v valparayso_n and_o where_o the_o english_a meet_v with_o better_a fortune_n as_o have_v be_v say_v already_o in_o the_o report_n of_o sir_n francis_n drake_n voyage_n 4._o la_fw-fr conception_n a_o strong_a town_n seat_v on_o the_o bay_n call_v penco_n threescore_o or_o seventy_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n jago_n towards_o the_o south_n a_o place_n not_o a_o little_a fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n have_v the_o bay_n and_o a_o certain_a ridge_n of_o high_a mountain_n begirt_a it_o almost_o round_o about_o and_o where_o it_o be_v otherwise_o accessible_a a_o castle_n and_o certain_a bulwark_n with_o ordinance_n beside_o a_o garrison_n of_o five_o hundred_o soldier_n at_o least_o continual_o in_o it_o and_o all_o little_a enough_o to_o defend_v it_o against_o the_o araucanes_n their_o deadly_a enemy_n who_o live_v thereabouts_o and_o be_v ever_o and_o anon_o make_v incursion_n almost_o up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o it_o over_o against_o the_o place_n in_fw-la mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n but_o very_o near_o the_o shore_n there_o lie_v a_o certain_a island_n call_v st._n maries_n exceed_o plentiful_a in_o swine_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o poultry_n which_o the_o garrison_n of_o la_fw-fr conception_n make_v good_a use_n of_o 5._o los_fw-la confine_n this_o be_v a_o frontier_n town_n build_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a baldivia_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n at_o ongol_n a_o place_n near_o adjoin_v 6._o la_fw-fr imperiale_n another_o strong_a garrison_n of_o this_o place_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n cauten_n near_o to_o which_o that_o great_a battle_n be_v fight_v where_o baldivia_n with_o divers_a other_o spaniard_n be_v take_v prisoner_n who_o be_v not_o otherwise_o overcome_v but_o by_o be_v overweary_v with_o kill_v of_o their_o enemy_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v not_o able_a to_o make_v their_o retreat_n 7._o villa_n rica_fw-la another_o colony_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o these_o part_n sixteen_o league_n distant_a from_o imperiale_n and_o twenty_o five_o from_o the_o sea_n 8._o baldivia_n so_o name_v from_o the_o commander_n himself_o pedro_n baldivia_n who_o build_v it_o in_o the_o valley_n of_o guadallanquen_n two_o or_o three_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o good_a and_o capacious_a port_n but_o near_a to_o it_o the_o best_a mine_n of_o peru_n so_o rich_a that_o it_o be_v say_v they_o yield_v baldivia_n every_o day_n so_o long_o as_o he_o can_v enjoy_v they_o twenty_o five_o thousand_o crown_n for_o every_o man_n that_o wrought_v in_o they_o 9_o osorno_n a_o town_n lie_v on_o the_o bay_n of_o chilve_n in_o a_o barren_a soil_n outward_o but_o otherwise_o neither_o less_o rich_a nor_o less_o populous_a than_o baldivia_n itself_o these_o three_o town_n viz._n baldivia_n imperiale_n and_o osorno_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 1596_o 1599_o 1604_o surprise_v by_o the_o araucanes_n and_o other_o savage_n confederate_a with_o they_o sack_v and_o burn_v and_o though_o the_o spaniard_n be_v say_v to_o have_v recover_v and_o garrisond_v some_o of_o they_o with_o fresh_a soldier_n yet_o how_o long_o they_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v they_o or_o whether_o they_o be_v master_n of_o they_o at_o this_o day_n i_o can_v say_v there_o be_v likewise_o 10_o castro_n
plenty_n of_o goat_n and_o such_o abundance_n of_o swine_n fat_a and_o large_a that_o they_o live_v wild_a in_o herd_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v but_o by_o hunt_v and_o with_o great_a pain_n and_o industry_n from_o hence_o by_o the_o twenty_o four_o of_o august_n they_o discover_v flores_n and_o corvo_n two_o of_o the_o azore_n or_o tercerae_fw-la island_n and_o upon_o the_o nine_o of_o september_n follow_v have_v first_o suffer_v a_o terrible_a storm_n and_o tempest_n upon_o the_o english_a coast_n which_o carry_v away_o all_o their_o sail_n and_o put_v they_o in_o great_a fear_n and_o danger_n of_o lose_v all_o they_o have_v get_v yet_o at_o last_o by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n and_o favour_n of_o a_o good_a wind_n they_o arrive_v safe_o at_o plymouth_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o cumberland_n voyage_n 1._o the_o right_a honourable_a george_n lord_n clifford_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n have_v before_o this_o make_v several_a voyage_n and_o adventure_n against_o the_o spaniard_n in_o and_o towards_o the_o part_n of_o america_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1586_o 89_o 92_o 94_o etc._n etc._n with_o various_a success_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1597._o he_o more_o public_o and_o avowed_o in_o his_o own_o person_n undertake_v a_o expedition_n with_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o good_a ship_n and_o about_o a_o thousand_o man_n be_v himself_o admiral_n and_o commander_n in_o chief_n he_o set_v out_o from_o portsmouth_n on_o the_o six_o of_o march_n 1597._o with_o design_n at_o first_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n out_o of_o the_o carrack_n which_o go_v yearly_a from_o spain_n to_o the_o west-indies_n but_o be_v disappoint_v of_o they_o through_o some_o intelligence_n that_o the_o spaniard_n have_v get_v of_o his_o lordship_n be_v at_o sea_n he_o sail_v on_o for_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n resolve_v by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o principal_a commander_n with_o he_o to_o make_v a_o attempt_n upon_o st._n john_n the_o port-rico_a which_o be_v the_o principal_a town_n and_o port_n to_o a_o island_n that_o bear_v the_o same_o name_n viz._n port-rico_a lie_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n in_o eighteen_o or_o nineteen_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n it_o be_v a_o place_n where_o a_o few_o year_n before_o sir_n francis_n drake_n have_v receive_v some_o loss_n and_o sir_n nicholas_n clifford_n the_o earls_z brother_n be_v slay_v by_o a_o shot_n from_o one_o of_o the_o platform_n as_o he_o sit_v at_o supper_n with_o the_o the_o general_n in_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o defiance_n the_o town_n stand_v in_o a_o little_a peninsula_n by_o itself_o yet_o close_o join_v to_o the_o main_a island_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v a_o place_n very_o well_o seat_v and_o fortify_v with_o two_o strong_a castle_n the_o one_o of_o which_o be_v build_v chief_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o haven_n the_o other_o of_o the_o town_n about_o three_o or_o four_o league_n distance_n before_o the_o town_n lie_v a_o fair_a sandy_a bay_n or_o beach_n which_o the_o sea_n wash_v on_o one_o side_n over_o which_o the_o english_a at_o their_o first_o land_v march_v direct_o to_o the_o town_n through_o a_o thick_a woody_a forest_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o upon_o a_o causeway_n of_o some_o two_o or_o three_o score_n in_o length_n and_o of_o breadth_n only_o to_o admit_v three_o person_n to_o march_v a_o breast_n at_o the_o end_n thereof_o they_o perceive_v a_o strong_a bridge_n of_o wood_n to_o be_v build_v which_o reach_v from_o one_o island_n to_o the_o other_o and_o join_v they_o both_o together_o have_v also_o some_o baricadoe_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o a_o block-house_n with_o ordinance_n on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o water_n they_o be_v inform_v that_o at_o a_o low_a water_n they_o may_v pass_v the_o bridge_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o causeway_n whereupon_o wait_v till_o two_o of_o the_o clock_n the_o next_o morning_n when_o the_o ebb_n will_v be_v they_o attempt_v the_o passage_n but_o can_v not_o gain_v it_o by_o reason_n the_o ordinance_n play_v so_o thick_a and_o direct_o against_o the_o causeway_n so_o they_o retreat_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o about_o fifty_o man_n in_o all_o wound_v and_o kill_v next_o day_n the_o general_n give_v command_v that_o another_o fort_n stand_v upon_o the_o principal_a island_n shall_v be_v attach_v by_o sea_n the_o place_n be_v of_o dangerous_a access_n yet_o by_o the_o help_n of_o some_o musketeer_n that_o be_v get_v upon_o certain_a rock_n within_o the_o island_n so_o near_o that_o they_o can_v play_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o fort_n within_o little_a more_o than_o a_o hour_n space_n the_o spaniard_n that_o keep_v it_o quit_v the_o place_n and_o they_o that_o attach_v it_o by_o sea_n in_o boat_n enter_v howbeit_o the_o ship_n that_o bring_v they_o near_o it_o be_v herself_o cast_v away_o upon_o the_o rock_n at_o the_o ebb_a of_o the_o water_n as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o fear_v that_o she_o will_v be_v the_o spaniard_n that_o have_v quit_v the_o fort_n together_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o town_n that_o be_v not_o already_o flee_v retire_v and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o another_o fort_n call_v the_o fort_n mora_n give_v the_o english_a leave_n to_o enter_v the_o town_n &_o also_o to_o block_n up_o the_o fort_n wherein_o they_o be_v so_o that_o in_o few_o day_n they_o be_v content_a to_o render_v themselves_o upon_o such_o term_n as_o the_o admiral_n offer_v they_o and_o the_o english_a become_v master_n of_o all_o the_o town_n and_o fort_n be_v thus_o take_v the_o general_n design_n be_v to_o have_v keep_v the_o place_n which_o may_v easy_o enough_o have_v be_v do_v but_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o the_o english_a partly_o through_o some_o distemperature_n of_o the_o air_n which_o in_o that_o place_n it_o be_v a_o flat_a and_o low_a island_n be_v not_o so_o pure_a and_o clear_a as_o in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o country_n but_o chief_o through_o their_o own_o intemperance_n and_o irregular_a diet_n and_o drink_n the_o place_n afford_v they_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o especial_o of_o many_o luscious_a and_o strange_a fruit_n sicken_v and_o die_v so_o fast_o of_o the_o calenture_n bloodyflux_n and_o other_o hot_a disease_n that_o after_o nine_o or_o ten_o week_n hold_v the_o place_n and_o six_o hundred_o of_o his_o man_n dead_a as_o abovesaid_a his_o lordship_n be_v force_v to_o return_v for_o england_n do_v no_o further_a hurt_n to_o the_o town_n save_v only_o the_o bring_v away_o of_o four_o score_n piece_n of_o ordinance_n the_o bell_n of_o their_o church_n and_o some_o quantity_n of_o sugar_n and_o ginger_n nor_o sustain_v other_o loss_n himself_o in_o the_o whole_a voyage_n than_o of_o three_o score_n man_n slay_v upon_o take_v the_o town_n the_o six_o hundred_o die_a of_o the_o flux_n and_o other_o disease_n the_o pegasus_n wrack_v upon_o goodwin_n sands_n the_o old_a frigate_n upon_o vshent_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o normandy_n with_o forty_o man_n in_o they_o and_o a_o bark_n lose_v by_o tempest_n about_o the_o bermuda_n the_o admiral_n at_o his_o return_v left_a sir_n john_n barcley_n behind_o he_o with_o some_o man_n and_o ship_n to_o compound_v with_o the_o spaniard_n for_o the_o town_n but_o they_o see_v the_o general_n himself_o be_v already_o go_v and_o know_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o english_a to_o be_v such_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sickness_n among_o they_o that_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a sir_n john_n will_v stay_v long_o after_o he_o make_v no_o great_a haste_n to_o compound_v but_o find_v mean_n to_o protract_v the_o business_n so_o long_o that_o at_o last_o the_o english_a be_v force_v to_o leave_v it_o to_o they_o and_o that_o without_o burn_v or_o do_v any_o other_o prejudice_n to_o it_o according_a as_o the_o admiral_n have_v give_v order_n before_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o one_o that_o seek_v honour_n more_o than_o spoil_n by_o the_o expedition_n as_o the_o spaniard_n well_o find_v of_o captain_n john_n oxenham_n 1._o hitherto_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o such_o adventurer_n and_o voyage_n to_o the_o new_a world_n as_o be_v either_o public_o or_o private_o own_v and_o avow_v by_o the_o state_n here_o follow_v one_o who_o as_o it_o seem_v want_v that_o privilege_n go_v only_o upon_o jus_o naturae_fw-la as_o he_o conceive_v and_o to_o recover_v that_o by_o force_n which_o he_o complain_v be_v by_o force_n take_v from_o he_o and_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n leave_v he_o whereby_o to_o obtain_v his_o right_n this_o be_v captain_n john_n oxenham_n a_o man_n who_o have_v former_o be_v servant_n soldier_n and_o mariner_n with_o sir_n francis_n drake_n and_o together_o with_o he_o sustain_v some_o loss_n by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o the_o port_n of_o st._n john_n d'ullua_n
inhabit_v or_o know_v save_v only_o upon_o the_o border_n or_o low_a skirt_n of_o they_o the_o three_o be_v a_o mean_a land_n betwixt_o both_o consist_v partly_o of_o mountain_n of_o lesser_a height_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n run_v parallel_n with_o the_o andes_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o peru_n southward_o and_o partly_o of_o valley_n or_o low-land_n both_o which_o together_o they_o call_v the_o sierra_n or_o hill-countrie_n and_o according_a to_o this_o diversity_n of_o site_n or_o position_n in_o the_o several_a part_n or_o province_n of_o america_n we_o be_v to_o expect_v a_o difference_n both_o in_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o for_o example_n the_o plain_n of_o america_n for_o so_o they_o be_v common_o call_v that_o be_v the_o flat_a and_o low_a part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n be_v general_o hot_a and_o neither_o so_o much_o inhabit_v nor_o count_v so_o healthful_a yet_o neither_o be_v they_o scorch_v with_o any_o intolerable_a heat_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o brise_n and_o those_o other_o frequent_a sea_n gale_n which_o as_o we_o say_v be_v continual_o blow_v upon_o they_o and_o as_o it_o be_v cool_v they_o from_o all_o part_n nor_o yet_o be_v they_o parch_v with_o any_o immoderate_a drought_n although_o it_o never_o rain_v upon_o those_o part_n of_o the_o country_n at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n for_o instead_o thereof_o there_o fall_v continual_o every_o morning_n a_o certain_a dew_n which_o after_o a_o time_n condensate_n and_o turn_v into_o small_a pearly_a drop_n of_o water_n which_o do_v not_o a_o little_a refresh_v the_o country_n beside_o that_o this_o part_n of_o america_n be_v a_o flat_a and_o level_a country_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v render_v incommodious_a for_o want_v of_o water_n that_o in_o many_o place_n it_o may_v seem_v to_o partake_v somewhat_o too_o much_o of_o that_o element_n as_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o brasil_n and_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o america_n westward_n where_o the_o country_n for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v render_v unhabitable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o water_n which_o fall_v with_o such_o huge_a torrent_n as_o they_o do_v from_o the_o mountain_n more_o within_o land_n and_o find_v no_o convenient_a passage_n in_o those_o level_n and_o flat_a country_n do_v many_o time_n drown_v the_o land_n on_o each_o side_n of_o they_o for_o a_o great_a space_n together_o or_o at_o least_o render_v the_o country_n less_o profitable_a and_o useful_a by_o open_v so_o many_o great_a lake_n or_o stand_v water_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o many_o of_o they_o of_o such_o vast_a extent_n that_o they_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v petty_a sea_n within_o land_n and_o by_o turn_v so_o much_o of_o the_o other_o land_n into_o marish_a or_o fenny_a ground_n as_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n be_v every_o where_o to_o be_v see_v 5._o contrariwise_o upon_o the_o andes_n and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chile_n especial_o more_o towards_o the_o streit_n the_o air_n be_v extreme_a cold_a and_o not_o well_o to_o be_v endure_v and_o beside_o so_o strange_o sharp_a and_o pierce_a of_o man_n body_n that_o for_o stranger_n and_o such_o who_o body_n be_v not_o use_v to_o it_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a to_o travel_v that_o way_n they_o report_v that_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o land_n it_o make_v man_n seasick_a and_o cause_v the_o same_o alteration_n vomit_n and_o other_o distemperature_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o body_n but_o much_o more_o violent_a and_o extreme_a which_o man_n common_o feel_v at_o their_o first_o go_v to_o sea_n this_o happen_v chief_o upon_o the_o mountain_n pariacaca_fw-la lucana_fw-la and_o sora_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o andes_n in_o other_o place_n viz._n about_o alas_o punas_n which_o be_v another_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n though_o lesser_a run_v parallel_n with_o the_o andes_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chile_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n be_v such_o that_o it_o take_v away_o a_o man_n life_n sudden_o and_o before_o he_o feel_v any_o sensible_a alteration_n or_o grief_n in_o himself_o either_o from_o within_o or_o without_o man_n drop_v down_o dead_a as_o they_o travel_v in_o the_o way_n without_o find_v any_o pain_n or_o sickness_n in_o themselves_o other_o lose_v their_o hand_n and_o foot_n as_o they_o travel_v or_o at_o least_o some_o of_o their_o finger_n and_o toe_n which_o fall_n and_o separate_v themselves_o from_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n with_o no_o more_o sense_n or_o feeling_n than_o when_o a_o rot_a apple_n fall_v from_o the_o tree_n that_o bear_v it_o and_o this_o how_o fabulous_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v yet_o be_v it_o a_o certain_a truth_n acosta_n and_o other_o author_n of_o approve_a credit_n do_v avouch_v it_o from_o their_o own_o experience_n viz._n of_o what_o they_o have_v find_v and_o feel_v in_o themselves_o and_o from_o what_o they_o have_v observe_v and_o see_v with_o their_o eye_n in_o other_o and_o it_o seem_v confirm_v by_o mr._n purchas_n himself_o who_o in_o the_o relation_n of_o sir_n thomas_n cavendish_n his_o second_o voyage_n to_o the_o streit_n which_o to_o his_o great_a misfortune_n happen_v to_o be_v in_o the_o deep_a of_o winter_n and_o when_o the_o weather_n there_o be_v most_o intolerable_o cold_a and_o freeze_a as_o have_v be_v former_o say_v report_v a_o like_a accident_n namely_o of_o one_o harris_n a_o englishman_n who_o go_v to_o blow_v his_o nose_n have_v the_o ill_a hap_n to_o pull_v it_o off_o and_o cast_v it_o into_o the_o fire_n before_o he_o be_v aware_a and_o of_o one_o anthony_n knivett_n of_o the_o same_o company_n who_o toe_n come_v off_o with_o his_o stocking_n in_o like_a manner_n through_o the_o extremity_n of_o cold_a in_o those_o part_n 6._o but_o the_o sierra_n or_o mean_a land_n viz._n betwixt_o the_o height_n of_o the_o andes_n and_o the_o lowness_n of_o the_o plain_n as_o it_o take_v up_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n so_o be_v it_o general_o more_o temperate_a healthful_a and_o agreeable_a to_o man_n body_n it_o be_v also_o abundant_o well_o water_v with_o fair_a and_o pleasant_a river_n such_o as_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o they_o and_o the_o largeness_n of_o their_o respective_a stream_n be_v not_o to_o be_v parallel_v in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n it_o enjoy_v constant_o its_o proper_a season_n of_o rain_n and_o fair_a weather_n no_o less_o than_o spain_n itself_o and_o many_o other_o country_n of_o europe_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o soil_n be_v likewise_o render_v so_o exceed_o fat_a and_o lusty_a that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v what_o they_o report_v concern_v the_o goodness_n and_o fertility_n of_o it_o they_o have_v in_o many_o place_n two_o harvest_n in_o a_o year_n as_o in_o the_o island_n of_o hispaniola_n reap_v in_o and_o about_o october_n that_o which_o they_o sow_v in_o april_n or_o may_n and_o in_o may_n that_o which_o they_o sow_v in_o october_n yea_o some_o say_v there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o grain_n sow_o at_o the_o west-indies_n but_o in_o some_o place_n or_o other_o it_o will_v ripen_v and_o be_v fit_a to_o reap_v within_o four_o month_n all_o kind_n of_o herb_n root_n or_o whatsoever_o fruit_n of_o the_o garden_n as_o melon_n cucumber_n etc._n etc._n in_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o day_n at_o far_a in_o some_o place_n a_o bushel_n of_o maiz_n sow_o which_o be_v their_o most_o ordinary_a breadcorn_n yield_v two_o hundred_o bushel_n of_o increase_n and_o a_o bushel_n of_o the_o best_a wheat_n threescore_o and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o usual_a thing_n there_o of_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n well_o husband_v to_o reap_v two_o hundred_o bushel_n or_o twenty_o five_o quarter_n of_o any_o grain_n whatsoever_o as_o for_o fruit_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v natural_a and_o of_o the_o proper_a growth_n of_o the_o country_n there_o be_v incredible_a plenty_n and_o variety_n of_o several_a kind_n and_o those_o incomparable_o fair_a large_a big_a more_o luscious_a and_o please_a to_o the_o taste_n than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v elsewhere_o in_o the_o world_n and_o as_o for_o such_o as_o have_v be_v transplant_v thither_o out_o of_o europe_n as_o most_o kind_n of_o european_a fruit_n have_v be_v viz._n apple_n pear_n orange_n lemon_n quince_n figgs_n etc._n etc._n they_o do_v not_o only_o thrive_v well_o but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v exceed_o improve_v and_o better_v both_o in_o bigness_n beauty_n and_o taste_v only_o through_o the_o richness_n and_o lustiness_n of_o the_o soil_n it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o ear_n of_o wheat_n have_v be_v see_v there_o as_o big_a about_o as_o a_o man_n arm_n in_o the_o
good_a for_o hurt_n bruise_n and_o old_a sore_n and_o from_o the_o bough_n they_o gather_v a_o certain_a gum_n which_o they_o likewise_o report_v to_o be_v a_o sovereign_a antidote_n against_o poison_n the_o tree_n grow_v general_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o country_n of_o mexico_n and_o new_a spain_n where_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o indian_a to_o be_v find_v worth_n the_o house_n that_o he_o dwell_v in_o but_o will_v be_v careful_a to_o have_v some_o of_o these_o tree_n plant_v and_o grow_v about_o it_o for_o the_o many_o necessary_a supply_n which_o it_o afford_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o house_n and_o family_n 7._o and_o in_o the_o country_n of_o new_a spain_n there_o likewise_o grow_v another_o famous_a tree_n called_z the_o tune_fw-la or_o tunall_n tree_n it_o be_v original_o from_o the_o root_n nothing_o but_o a_o heap_n as_o it_o be_v of_o great_a broad_a leaf_n grow_v one_o out_o of_o another_o as_o well_o from_o the_o ground_n as_o upward_o the_o leave_v long_a and_o large_a not_o sharp_a or_o point_a but_o round_o at_o the_o end_n and_o of_o the_o thickness_n of_o a_o man_n thumb_n or_o finger_n in_o which_o manner_n grow_v it_o possess_v in_o time_n a_o good_a large_a space_n of_o ground_n and_o likewise_o grow_v upward_o into_o the_o fashion_n and_o height_n of_o some_o ordinary_a tree_n it_o be_v manner_n of_o grow_v be_v only_o by_o new_a leaf_n sprout_v out_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o old_a and_o the_o old_a one_o still_o wax_v big_a and_o big_a so_o that_o at_o last_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v get_v a_o body_n and_o bough_n which_o be_v yet_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o root_n of_o the_o bige_a and_o elder_a leaf_n now_o at_o length_n come_v to_o be_v harden_v into_o a_o stock_n or_o trunk_n the_o leave_v themselves_o be_v common_o thick_o set_v with_o certain_a long_a and_o sharp_a prickle_n of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o they_o the_o wild_a and_o the_o garden_n or_o plant_v tunall_n both_o of_o which_o bear_v a_o fruit_n but_o very_o different_a one_o from_o the_o other_o both_o for_o taste_v and_o use_v the_o garden_n or_o plant_v tunall_n bear_v a_o fruit_n well_o esteem_v with_o the_o indian_n for_o meat_n be_v somewhat_o big_a than_o ordinary_a plum_n and_o have_v many_o little_a grain_n lie_v in_o the_o pulp_n or_o substance_n of_o it_o like_o fig_n of_o a_o white_a colour_n good_a taste_n and_o no_o less_o pleasant_a than_o fig_n and_o beside_o that_o of_o a_o delicate_a send_v or_o smell_n the_o fruit_n of_o the_o wild_a tunall_n be_v green_a grow_v as_o also_o the_o other_o do_v out_o of_o the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o leaf_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o fig_n narrow_a below_o or_o towards_o the_o leaf_n but_o upward_o grow_v broad_a and_o round_o and_o on_o the_o top_n environ_v with_o a_o set_n of_o thick_a leaf_n in_o fashion_n of_o a_o crown_n or_o coronet_n the_o pulp_n of_o it_o or_o substance_n within_o be_v juycie_a and_o red_a but_o neither_o please_a nor_o any_o way_n commend_v for_o the_o taste_n as_o i_o observe_v in_o stain_n the_o hand_n of_o any_o that_o touch_v it_o with_o a_o deep_a red_a or_o sanguine_a colour_n like_o mulberry_n and_o which_o be_v more_o than_o that_o the_o urine_n of_o those_o that_o eat_v of_o it_o will_v seem_v as_o if_o it_o be_v all_o turn_v into_o blood_n insomuch_o that_o some_o have_v be_v much_o fright_v at_o their_o first_o eat_v thereof_o and_o take_v themselves_o for_o dead_a man_n find_v their_o urine_n to_o be_v so_o strange_o change_v and_o not_o know_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o fruit_n within_o the_o coronet_n or_o circle_n of_o leaf_n which_o grow_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o fruit_n there_o be_v many_o little_a grain_n contain_v which_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o tunall_n and_o out_o of_o which_o if_o they_o set_v they_o there_o spring_v forth_o a_o plant_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n round-bodied_n and_o not_o unlike_a to_o the_o trunk_n of_o other_o tree_n when_o they_o first_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n which_o present_o spread_v itself_o into_o leaf_n grow_v one_o out_o of_o another_o successive_o as_o the_o first_o do_v this_o kind_n of_o tunall_n as_o we_o say_v be_v not_o so_o much_o regard_v for_o its_o fruit_n but_o for_o another_o commodity_n which_o come_v of_o it_o of_o far_o great_a profit_n and_o advantage_n than_o the_o fruit_n can_v be_v be_v it_o much_o better_a than_o it_o be_v viz._n for_o the_o grain_n call_v cochinele_o so_o famous_a and_o so_o much_o use_v by_o the_o dyer_n for_o the_o die_a of_o perfect_a scarlet_n or_o colour_n in_o grain_n which_o be_v make_v of_o this_o tree_n in_o manner_n as_o follow_v upon_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o wild_a tunall_n there_o grow_v usual_o out_o certain_a tuberous_a or_o fungous_a excrescency_n which_o in_o time_n turn_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o insect_n or_o worm_n and_o multipli_v so_o much_o that_o at_o last_o all_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o as_o it_o be_v say_v be_v very_o large_a and_o as_o thick_a ordinary_o as_o the_o thumb_n or_o finger_n of_o a_o man_n hand_n seem_v to_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o web_n of_o worm_n hang_v and_o interweave_v together_o by_o the_o fibrae_fw-la or_o little_a sinew_n of_o the_o leaf_n these_o web_n or_o verminate_v folio_n of_o the_o tunall_n the_o indian_n husband_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n and_o industry_n both_o while_o they_o be_v a_o breed_n and_o afterward_o till_o they_o be_v well_o dry_v at_o which_o time_n make_v they_o up_o into_o box_n or_o little_a cask_n they_o send_v they_o into_o spain_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o a_o great_a and_o rich_a merchandise_n which_o doubtless_o they_o be_v for_o it_o be_v say_v they_o send_v common_o one_o year_n with_o another_o betwixt_o five_o and_o six_o thousand_o arrobe_n of_o cochinele_n only_o into_o spain_n every_o arrobe_n contain_v five_o and_o twenty_o pound_n weight_n at_o least_o which_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a rate_n they_o be_v sell_v at_o amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o eighty_o three_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o peso_n by_o account_n 8._o nor_o may_v i_o quite_o forget_v the_o houâ—_n or_o hohi_n as_o some_o call_v it_o for_o though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o tree_n that_o bear_v any_o excellent_a fruit_n for_o the_o fruit_n it_o bear_v be_v only_a a_o small_a yellow_a plum_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o damosin_a and_o of_o little_a substance_n or_o meat_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o stone_n yet_o because_o it_o give_v such_o a_o propicious_a and_o healthy_a shade_n as_o they_o say_v it_o do_v so_o as_o both_o indian_n and_o spaniard_n seek_v it_o out_o on_o purpose_n to_o rest_n and_o sleep_v under_o it_o it_o deserve_v at_o least_o that_o i_o shall_v say_v what_o manner_n of_o tree_n it_o and_o where_o it_o grow_v it_o be_v of_o bulk_n a_o fair_a and_o big_a tree_n the_o bough_n grow_v chief_o towards_o the_o top_n thick_a and_o spread_a by_o reason_n whereof_o as_o i_o say_v it_o yield_v as_o cool_v a_o shade_n as_o most_o tree_n at_o the_o west-indies_n do_v the_o bark_n or_o rind_n whereof_o be_v of_o a_o more_o tender_a and_o oily_a substance_n they_o boil_v and_o make_v a_o lavatory_n or_o bath_n of_o it_o exceed_v good_a and_o wholesome_a especial_o for_o the_o leg_n in_o case_n of_o any_o extraordinary_a weakness_n or_o weariness_n from_o what_o cause_n soever_o proceed_v it_o grow_v chief_o upon_o the_o strait_a of_o darien_n but_o general_o in_o all_o part_n of_o castilia_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la and_o not_o much_o elsewhere_o and_o as_o they_o say_v have_v always_o a_o good_a air_n about_o it_o if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o seem_v give_v by_o god_n as_o a_o remedy_n and_o relief_n unto_o the_o poor_a people_n of_o those_o hot_a country_n who_o use_v much_o to_o lie_v abroad_o and_o sleep_v in_o the_o field_n against_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o otherwise_o they_o may_v be_v subject_a unto_o by_o mean_n of_o another_o tree_n which_o as_o oviedo_n affirm_v but_o name_v not_o grow_v much_o in_o the_o same_o part_n of_o such_o a_o pestilent_a and_o contagious_a quality_n that_o if_o a_o man_n rest_v never_o so_o little_a under_o it_o he_o shall_v be_v sure_a present_o to_o feel_v some_o indisposition_n in_o himself_o and_o if_o he_o stay_v or_o venture_v to_o sleep_v under_o it_o his_o head_n and_o face_n will_v swell_v and_o his_o eyelid_n in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v close_v up_o yet_o be_v the_o tree_n to_o look_v upon_o fair_a and_o goodly_a of_o a_o green_a flourish_a colour_n well_o branch_v and_o adorn_v with_o bough_n and_o thick_a leaf_n on_o all_o side_n and_o the_o fruit_n
and_o windiness_n in_o the_o stomach_n whereas_o the_o effect_n of_o chocolatte_n well_o temper_v and_o moderate_o take_v be_v say_v to_o be_v that_o it_o fortify_v and_o comfort_v the_o stomach_n which_o at_o the_o west-indies_n in_o many_o person_n be_v frequent_o subject_a to_o a_o cachexia_n or_o faint_v some_o hour_n after_o meal_n whether_o it_o be_v from_o any_o peculiar_a indisposition_n of_o the_o air_n or_o climate_n or_o from_o some_o natural_a weakness_n and_o insolidity_n in_o the_o food_n or_o diet_n of_o the_o country_n which_o though_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n luscious_a toothsome_a and_o please_a in_o the_o palate_n in_o what_o kind_n soever_o it_o be_v whether_o of_o flesh_n fish_n or_o fruit_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o hold_v to_o be_v of_o so_o strong_a and_o solid_a nutriment_n as_o the_o diet_n of_o europe_n general_o be_v it_o be_v say_v likewise_o to_o revive_v and_o exhilerate_v the_o spirit_n very_o much_o to_o help_v concoction_n to_o make_v lusty_a and_o corpulent_a and_o may_v be_v well_o take_v three_o time_n a_o day_n in_o the_o morning_n a_o little_a before_o dinner_n and_o some_o three_o or_o four_o hour_n after_o but_o very_o moderate_o and_o never_o exceed_v one_o reasonable_a draught_n at_o a_o time_n and_o a_o if_o man_n have_v occasion_n to_o watch_v or_o sit_v up_o late_o it_o will_v help_v he_o very_o much_o to_o take_v one_o cup_n of_o it_o more_o about_o eight_o or_o nine_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n 3._o now_o as_o for_o atolle_v of_o which_o i_o speak_v even_o now_o it_o be_v a_o drink_n of_o itself_o very_o delicious_a make_v of_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o young_a maiz_n or_o indian_a wheat_n much_o like_a unto_o almond_n milk_n but_o somewhat_o thick_a and_o so_o confectioned_a with_o sugar_n spice_n musk_n and_o other_o ingredient_n of_o the_o country_n that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o of_o admirable_a sweetness_n both_o for_o the_o taste_n and_o smell_v but_o much_o more_o nutritive_a and_o comfortable_a to_o the_o stomach_n and_o will_v doubtless_o be_v account_v a_o rare_a dtink_n in_o europe_n if_o it_o will_v endure_v the_o sea_n or_o can_v be_v transport_v thence_o but_o that_o it_o will_v not_o whereas_o chocolatte_n or_o cacao_n make_v up_o in_o box_n as_o we_o say_v be_v send_v abroad_o into_o spain_n flanders_n italy_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o commoner_n sort_n of_o indian_n have_v another_o kind_n of_o drink_n which_o they_o call_v chica_n a_o hellish_a slap_n and_o such_o as_o if_o it_o have_v but_o some_o good_a quantity_n of_o hen-bane_n add_v to_o the_o toad_n which_o they_o common_o put_v into_o it_o and_o steep_v he_o there_o till_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o quite_o consume_v will_v be_v a_o draught_n fit_a for_o the_o devil_n than_o a_o christian_n they_o take_v a_o great_a jarre_n or_o vessel_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o those_o which_o usual_o they_o have_v from_o spain_n and_o put_v in_o some_o certain_a quantity_n of_o water_n fill_v up_o the_o rest_n with_o melassos_n or_o the_o juice_n of_o sugar_n cane_n and_o sometime_o a_o little_a honey_n and_o beside_o these_o to_o give_v it_o a_o strength_n agreeable_a to_o their_o palate_n that_o drink_v it_o they_o put_v in_o good_a store_n of_o the_o root_n and_o leaf_n of_o tobacco_n and_o of_o several_a other_o root_n of_o the_o country_n of_o strong_a and_o violent_a operation_n add_v to_o all_o the_o big_a and_o black_a toad_n they_o can_v find_v and_o have_v so_o do_v they_o close_v up_o the_o jarre_n and_o let_v it_o stand_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o week_n or_o a_o month_n till_o all_o the_o ingredient_n be_v thorough_o steep_v and_o consume_v after_o which_o they_o drink_v it_o and_o though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o the_o first_o open_v of_o the_o jarre_n it_o give_v a_o scent_n that_o a_o stranger_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o endure_v yet_o the_o indian_n love_v it_o and_o drink_v it_o excessive_o have_v many_o great_a meeting_n only_o to_o drink_v chica_n and_o most_o common_o they_o carouse_v so_o long_o at_o it_o that_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o not_o only_o drink_v which_o be_v usual_a with_o they_o but_o even_o rage_v mad_a with_o it_o insomuch_o that_o the_o spanish_a officer_n and_o magistrate_n among_o they_o labour_v what_o they_o can_v to_o prohibit_v such_o meeting_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a custom_n and_o the_o natural_a inclination_n of_o the_o american_n to_o drink_v and_o swill_v very_o much_o hitherto_o prevail_v against_o their_o endeavour_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o some_o author_n give_v a_o better_a character_n of_o a_o certain_a drink_n at_o the_o west-indies_n under_o the_o name_n of_o chica_n nor_o can_v i_o say_v which_o of_o they_o it_o be_v that_o have_v mistake_v the_o name_n this_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o author_n who_o i_o follow_v pretend_v to_o be_v a_o eye_n witness_n and_o to_o have_v see_v with_o his_o eye_n that_o which_o he_o report_v of_o the_o thing_n itself_o viz._n the_o quality_n of_o the_o drink_n and_o manner_n of_o drink_v it_o by_o the_o indian_n which_o in_o truth_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v but_o a_o relic_n of_o their_o old_a barbarity_n and_o savageness_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v speak_v no_o more_o of_o it_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o cattle_n at_o the_o west-indies_n and_o of_o several_a sort_n of_o beast_n and_o other_o creature_n both_o of_o land_n and_o water_n proper_a to_o the_o new_a world_n 1._o i_o must_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o intention_n of_o my_o friend_n who_o call_v for_o these_o imperfect_a note_n with_o some_o importunity_n pass_v by_o many_o particular_a thing_n otherwise_o not_o unworthy_a to_o be_v know_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o tree_n plant_n and_o fruit_n and_o only_o refer_v the_o reader_n desirous_a of_o further_a satisfaction_n herein_o to_o the_o elaborate_a and_o choice_n history_n of_o american_n plant_n and_o rarity_n above_o mention_v write_v by_o franciscus_n hernandez_n a_o spanish_a doctor_n of_o physic_n augment_v and_o accurate_o comment_v upon_o by_o nardus_fw-la antonius_n recchus_fw-la and_o italian_a joannes_n terrentius_n and_o other_o proceed_v myself_o to_o give_v some_o brief_a account_n concern_v the_o cattle_n and_o such_o other_o beast_n of_o america_n as_o may_v seem_v most_o worthy_a of_o our_o knowledge_n we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o the_o cattle_n of_o europe_n which_o have_v be_v transport_v thither_o have_v thrive_v abundant_o and_o multiply_v into_o such_o incredible_a number_n as_o well_o kine_n or_o great_a cattle_n as_o those_o of_o the_o lesser_a sort_n viz._n sheep_n hog_n goat_n etc._n etc._n that_o swine_n and_o also_o great_a cattle_n in_o the_o island_n especial_o of_o hispaniola_n and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n beside_o live_v wild_a in_o herd_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o body_n that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o do_v it_o yea_o they_o say_v that_o the_o very_a dog_n which_o the_o spaniard_n carry_v over_o and_o which_o do_v they_o not_o a_o little_a service_n when_o time_n be_v against_o the_o naked_a indian_n have_v multiply_v so_o exceed_o that_o they_o go_v also_o in_o company_n like_o other_o wild_a beast_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n to_o which_o the_o country_n of_o america_n be_v subject_a for_o the_o mischief_n that_o they_o do_v to_o their_o sheep_n and_o other_o small_a cattle_n be_v become_v almost_o as_o ravenous_a and_o bad_a as_o so_o many_o wolf_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v little_o less_o than_o metamorphize_v into_o wolf_n by_o their_o wild_a and_o mountainous_a breed_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o strange_a fierceness_n which_o they_o have_v contract_v by_o such_o breed_n and_o live_v so_o as_o the_o spaniard_n that_o bring_v they_o thither_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v guard_n and_o to_o maintain_v as_o it_o be_v a_o defensive_a war_n against_o their_o own_o creature_n nevertheless_o in_o the_o most_o inland_n country_n of_o america_n where_o the_o spaniard_n live_v and_o many_o hundred_o of_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n there_o be_v so_o great_a plenty_n of_o flesh-meat_n that_o for_o a_o ryall_n of_o plate_n which_o be_v but_o six_o penny_n english_a money_n a_o man_n may_v buy_v thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o best_a beef_n mutton_n or_o pork_n in_o the_o market_n of_o a_o obligado_n as_o they_o call_v he_o or_o some_o of_o his_o deputy_n who_o be_v man_n appoint_v and_o bind_v as_o we_o say_v before_o to_o serve_v such_o a_o city_n town_n or_o place_n with_o flesh_n meat_n at_o a_o certain_a rate_n all_o the_o year_n long_o so_o that_o omit_v to_o speak_v any_o thing_n more_o concern_v foreign_a or_o european_a
sheathing-board_n the_o tar_n and_o hair_n together_o so_o involve_v and_o choke_v she_o up_o that_o she_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pass_v further_o but_o there_o stop_v and_o die_v and_o the_o thin_a the_o sheathing-board_n be_v so_o much_o the_o better_o chap._n x._o of_o sugarcane_n cotton-wooll_n mulberry_n tree_n and_o silkworm_n at_o the_o west-indies_n 1._o among_o the_o commodity_n of_o america_n which_o we_o call_v mercantile_fw-la or_o such_o as_o the_o merchant_n bring_v from_o thence_o the_o sugar_n be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v the_o least_o whether_o we_o regard_v the_o abundance_n or_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o commodity_n itself_o that_o be_v bring_v or_o the_o extraordinary_a gain_n and_o profit_n they_o make_v that_o bring_v it_o it_o be_v become_v such_o a_o general_a instrument_n of_o deliciousness_n to_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n in_o all_o nation_n and_o so_o exceed_o agreeable_a to_o dainty_a palate_n it_o be_v say_v they_o buy_v a_o pound_n of_o good_a sugar_n at_o the_o indies_n for_o five_o or_o six_o maravede_n which_o make_v not_o two_o penny_n of_o english_a money_n and_o in_o some_o place_n a_o hundred_o pound_n weight_n together_o for_o nine_o or_o ten_o rial_n of_o plate_n which_o be_v not_o above_o five_o shilling_n whereas_o with_o we_o in_o europe_n the_o rate_n of_o it_o be_v far_o otherwise_o some_o say_v it_o be_v no_o plant_n of_o the_o natural_a growth_n of_o america_n but_o bring_v thither_o from_o other_o part_n as_o namely_o from_o the_o east-indies_n or_o canary_n island_n which_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v a_o mistake_n consider_v the_o great_a abundance_n thereof_o which_o grow_v natural_o without_o any_o kind_n of_o plant_v or_o husbandry_n in_o all_o part_n of_o brasil_n paraguay_n tucuman_n and_o diverse_a other_o province_n of_o america_n both_o of_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n insomuch_o that_o in_o some_o place_n about_o the_o river_n of_o plate_n they_o report_v that_o the_o cane_n grow_v to_o the_o height_n of_o some_o lesser_a tree_n yield_v a_o proportionable_a quantity_n of_o good_a sugar_n in_o every_o joint_n or_o knot_n of_o the_o cane_n for_o original_o and_o at_o first_o we_o must_v know_v this_o delicious_a powder_n which_o we_o call_v sugar_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o pith_n or_o sweet_a marrow_n of_o a_o certain_a cane_n or_o reed_n which_o the_o latin_n call_v saccharum_n borrow_v the_o term_n as_o it_o be_v think_v from_o the_o arabick_n together_o with_o the_o first_o knowledge_n of_o the_o plant_n and_o we_o common_o the_o sugar-cane_n it_o grow_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o reed_n up_o into_o a_o long_a stalk_n with_o joint_n and_o knot_n in_o it_o common_o seven_o or_o eight_o foot_n high_a and_o where_o the_o soil_n be_v lusty_a and_o proper_a for_o it_o sometime_o more_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n arm_n in_o the_o brawn_n and_o sharp_v up_o towards_o the_o top_n as_o it_o grow_v the_o joint_n or_o knot_n of_o the_o cane_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n three_o or_o four_o inch_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o within_o full_a of_o a_o spongeous_a and_o sweet_a juycie_a substance_n or_o marrow_n of_o which_o the_o sugar_n as_o we_o have_v it_o be_v make_v at_o every_o knot_n or_o joint_n of_o the_o cane_n on_o each_o side_n there_o grow_v up_o a_o long_a leaf_n sharp_a at_o the_o point_n and_o in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o wing_n the_o root_n of_o it_o be_v likewise_o long_a and_o large_a and_o run_v not_o direct_o downward_o into_o the_o earth_n but_o rather_o slope_v and_o creep_v along_o under_o the_o uppermost_a crust_n of_o the_o ground_n out_o of_o which_o at_o several_a place_n there_o sprout_v diverse_a young_a scion_n or_o little_a plant_n which_o they_o cut_v away_o both_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o draw_v too_o much_o of_o the_o nutriment_n from_o the_o principal_a or_o mother-plant_a as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o set_v they_o for_o increase_v or_o a_o new_a stock_n of_o reed_n and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o year_n and_o half_a common_o before_o a_o plant_n of_o the_o sugar-cane_n come_v to_o its_o full_a perfection_n or_o growth_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o to_o be_v much_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o soil_n where_o they_o grow_v for_o in_o hispaniola_n where_o indeed_o the_o soil_n be_v exceed_o lusty_a and_o good_a it_o be_v say_v they_o grow_v to_o a_o cubit_n height_n in_o less_o than_o two_o month_n space_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o root_n be_v likewise_o very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a nothing_o so_o hard_a or_o woody_a as_o the_o root_n of_o some_o other_o cane_n and_o reed_n be_v but_o rather_o tender_a and_o soft_a and_o where_o the_o soil_n be_v good_a and_o proper_a for_o they_o one_o root_n will_v bear_v sometime_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o cane_n which_o in_o the_o island_n of_o hispaniola_n be_v not_o unusual_a but_o they_o never_o suffer_v all_o of_o they_o to_o grow_v up_o for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a they_o grow_v both_o in_o the_o plain_n and_o hill_n country_n in_o a_o hot_a and_o moist_a soil_n and_o require_v extraordinary_a husband_n and_o especial_o that_o the_o ground_n about_o they_o be_v keep_v clean_o and_o free_a from_o annoyance_n either_o of_o weed_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o 2._o the_o manner_n of_o make_v the_o sugar_n be_v common_o thus_o when_o the_o reed_n be_v full_o grow_v &_o gather_v they_o cut_v or_o chap_v they_o into_o small_a piece_n at_o first_o with_o a_o knife_n or_o some_o other_o fit_v instrument_n and_o afterward_o grind_v or_o break_v they_o into_o yet_o small_a in_o certain_a huge_a quern_n or_o mill_n which_o they_o have_v for_o that_o purpose_n these_o quern_n go_v sometime_o with_o wheel_n and_o be_v turn_v about_o by_o their_o slave_n who_o tread_v and_o labour_n in_o they_o just_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o turnspit_a dog_n do_v in_o many_o place_n in_o england_n other_o there_o be_v that_o be_v draw_v about_o with_o a_o horse_n or_o bufalo_fw-la but_o the_o more_o general_a way_n now_o use_v of_o late_a for_o grind_v and_o bruise_v the_o cane_n be_v by_o water-mill_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v far_o more_o quick_a and_o convenient_a especial_o where_o they_o have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o good_a stream_n when_o the_o cane_n be_v thus_o break_a and_o pulverizate_v in_o some_o sort_n they_o put_v it_o in_o great_a caldron_n or_o boil_a vessel_n of_o brass_n with_o some_o quantity_n of_o pure_a water_n and_o likewise_o a_o strong_a lie_n or_o water_n of_o ash_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o so_o boil_v it_o till_o all_o the_o sweetness_n be_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o cane_n or_o hard_a substance_n of_o the_o reed_n and_o transfuse_v into_o the_o liquor_n when_o this_o be_v do_v they_o take_v it_o out_o and_o through_o a_o colatorie_a or_o strainer_n they_o press_v out_o the_o liquor_n into_o certain_a great_a keelers_n or_o vessel_n which_o they_o call_v tangue_n and_o afterward_o boil_v it_o again_o with_o a_o less_o proportion_n of_o lie_n put_v to_o it_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o lie_n be_v chief_o to_o raise_v the_o scum_n and_o thereby_o to_o help_v to_o clarify_v and_o refine_v the_o sugar_n by_o separate_v of_o the_o sediment_n and_o grosser_n part_n of_o it_o from_o the_o pure_a when_o they_o have_v boil_a it_o to_o the_o consistency_n or_o thickness_n of_o honey_n they_o strain_v it_o out_o again_o into_o other_o vessel_n which_o they_o call_v tachas_n and_o boil_v it_o again_o to_o a_o yet_o great_a thickness_n and_o consistencie_n ever_o add_v some_o quantity_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a lie_n and_o continual_o stir_v and_o scum_v it_o as_o it_o boil_v after_o this_o they_o take_v it_o out_o and_o set_v it_o to_o cool_v in_o certain_a lesser_a vessel_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v formae_fw-la or_o plate_n which_o contain_v not_o above_o the_o quantity_n of_o two_o or_o three_o pound_n weight_n of_o sugar_n a_o piece_n they_o be_v common_o make_v of_o earth_n and_o perforate_v or_o full_a of_o little_a hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n through_o which_o the_o thin_a or_o more_o liquid_a part_n of_o the_o sugar_n drop_v into_o other_o vessel_n appoint_v to_o receive_v it_o it_o stand_v common_o in_o these_o form_n or_o plate_n about_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n both_o that_o it_o may_v be_v perfect_o cool_v as_o likewise_o to_o observe_v whether_o it_o be_v refine_v and_o purge_v of_o its_o sediment_n so_o full_o as_o it_o ought_v if_o it_o be_v not_o they_o boil_v it_o once_o again_o as_o before_o when_o it_o be_v cold_a it_o look_v like_o sand_n or_o small_a gravel_n of_o a_o dark_a brownish_a colour_n only_o it_o be_v soft_a in_o the_o hand_n and_o crumble_v not_o so_o harsh_o as_o sand_n do_v the_o way_n to_o make_v it_o white_a be_v by_o a_o certain_a
of_o silver_n a_o substance_n or_o metallick_n body_n wherein_o the_o element_n of_o water_n seem_v to_o pravail_v in_o some_o undue_a proportion_n above_o that_o of_o fire_n render_v thereby_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o metal_n of_o a_o constitution_n phlegmatic_a as_o i_o may_v say_v and_o feminine_a that_o be_v weak_a and_o less_o able_a to_o resist_v contrariety_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o pale_a colour_n of_o it_o and_o by_o experience_n upon_o all_o occasion_n of_o trial_n yet_o in_o comparison_n of_o all_o other_o metal_n except_o gold_n only_o it_o be_v with_o all_o reason_n prefer_v and_o questionless_a excel_v they_o all_o both_o in_o purity_n and_o perfection_n of_o mixture_n as_o much_o as_o itself_o be_v excel_v by_o gold_n and_o perhaps_o much_o more_o for_o i_o observe_v the_o metal_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n do_v both_o of_o they_o exceed_v all_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o metal_n whither_o iron_n brass_n copper_n etc._n etc._n incomparable_o or_o beyond_o comparison_n as_o we_o say_v i_o mean_v there_o never_o be_v any_o certain_a comparison_n or_o proportion_n of_o value_n fix_v and_o settle_v betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o by_o estimation_n or_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o man_n as_o to_o say_v how_o much_o a_o pound_n of_o gold_n be_v better_a worth_n than_o a_o pound_n of_o iron_n or_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n than_o a_o pound_n of_o brass_n or_o lead_n not_o but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o calculate_v and_o know_v how_o much_o the_o one_o exceed_v the_o other_o in_o value_n but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o common_o know_v nor_o ever_o be_v i_o suppose_v by_o any_o general_a and_o certain_a estimation_n or_o count_n among_o man_n whereas_o the_o proportion_n or_o difference_n in_o value_n betwixt_o gold_n and_o silver_n have_v ever_o be_v general_o and_o certain_o know_v among_o man_n not_o indeed_o so_o fix_v &_o certain_a as_o to_o be_v always_o &_o in_o all_o place_n one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o it_o vari_v according_a to_o time_n and_o place_n and_o especial_o according_a as_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o metal_n be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o needful_a or_o count_v less_o necessary_a among_o man_n but_o yet_o a_o proportion_n or_o some_o certain_a difference_n in_o value_n have_v be_v ever_o common_o estimate_v and_o assign_v betwixt_o they_o ancient_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o these_o metal_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v of_o ten_o for_o one_o that_o be_v one_o talon_n of_o gold_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v worth_a ten_o talent_n of_o silver_n so_o that_o if_o five_o talent_n of_o gold_n be_v due_a and_o a_o man_n will_v make_v payment_n in_o silver_n he_o shall_v pay_v fifty_o talent_n and_o for_o fifty_o due_a in_o gold_n five_o hundred_o in_o silver_n pliny_n report_v that_o at_o the_o first_o coin_v of_o these_o metal_n in_o rome_n the_o proportion_n be_v fourteen_o and_o a_o half_a or_o fifteen_o for_o one_o other_o as_o herodotus_n speak_v of_o thirteen_o but_o that_o which_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v most_o common_a at_o the_o indies_n china_n and_o other_o place_n especial_o where_o silver_n be_v scarce_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o twelve_o for_o one_o so_o that_o if_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v worth_a five_o shilling_n as_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o ounce_n of_o gold_n be_v worth_a three_o pound_n sterling_a &_o a_o pound_n of_o gold_n in_o weight_n worth_n no_o less_o than_o forty_o eight_o pound_n of_o silver_n in_o coyn._n 3._o of_o this_o metal_n viz_o gold_n there_o be_v such_o plenty_n at_o the_o west-indies_n that_o beside_o the_o infinite_a rich_a mine_n thereof_o which_o they_o have_v in_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o southern_a part_n viz._n peru_n castilia_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la chile_n etc._n etc._n and_o likewise_o in_o many_o of_o they_o in_o the_o northern_a especial_o in_o the_o country_n of_o nicaragua_n veragua_n guadalaiara_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o river_n of_o note_n in_o all_o those_o part_n but_o the_o sand_n of_o it_o be_v well_o powder_v with_o gold_n and_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o it_o to_o the_o washer_n yea_o the_o very_a earth_n or_o common_a soil_n which_o they_o dig_v or_o otherwise_o take_v up_o in_o most_o part_n of_o peru_n be_v so_o tincture_v with_o it_o and_o yield_v ever_o and_o anon_o such_o grain_n and_o crumbling_n of_o it_o that_o acosta_n a_o author_n no_o way_n lavish_a of_o his_o report_n nor_o of_o a_o light_a judgement_n profess_v to_o think_v there_o be_v much_o more_o of_o the_o metal_n yet_o to_o be_v discover_v than_o have_v be_v find_v judge_v as_o he_o do_v by_o the_o general_a quality_n or_o tincture_n of_o the_o soil_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o gold_n at_o the_o indies_n or_o rather_o the_o same_o gold_n or_o metal_n they_o find_v in_o three_o several_a manner_n or_o way_n viz._n in_o grain_n as_o they_o call_v they_o in_o powder_n and_o in_o stone_n gold_n in_o grain_n they_o call_v certain_a small_a piece_n of_o gold_n which_o they_o find_v in_o the_o earth_n of_o pure_a and_o perfect_a metal_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o base_a alloy_n or_o at_o least_o with_o so_o small_a a_o mixture_n as_o it_o scarce_o need_v melt_a or_o refine_n these_o the_o spaniard_n in_o america_n call_v pepone_n from_o some_o resemblance_n which_o the_o grain_n have_v to_o the_o seed_n of_o melon_n or_o pompion_n though_o many_o time_n they_o be_v much_o big_a and_o contain_v a_o pound_n weight_n or_o more_o they_o find_v silver_n likewise_o sometime_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n viz_o in_o grain_n and_o pure_a but_o that_o be_v but_o seldom_o and_o a_o little_a in_o comparison_n of_o what_o they_o find_v of_o the_o other_o gold_n in_o stone_n be_v a_o vein_n or_o little_a mine_n of_o gold_n which_o grow_v and_o spread_v itself_o into_o branch_n in_o some_o flint_n or_o other_o stone_n just_a as_o silver_n do_v in_o the_o mine_n much_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v find_v in_o the_o mine_n of_o curuma_n and_o about_o the_o salinas_n or_o salt-wooks_a of_o peru_n a_o place_n so_o call_v where_o they_o find_v huge_a stone_n pierce_v many_o time_n quite_o through_o and_o interlace_v every_o way_n with_o vein_n of_o gold_n in_o such_o quantity_n and_o so_o rich_o that_o the_o stone_n be_v find_v not_o seldom_o to_o be_v more_o than_o half_a gold_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v that_o which_o they_o find_v most_o common_o in_o the_o mine_n and_o be_v very_o good_a gold_n but_o require_v excessive_a labour_n and_o pain_n to_o break_v it_o from_o the_o stone_n and_o to_o get_v it_o forth_o gold_n in_o powder_n be_v that_o which_o they_o gather_v in_o river_n brook_n and_o other_o place_n where_o any_o store_n of_o water_n pass_v from_o the_o mountain_n the_o stream_n or_o torrent_n whereof_o bring_v along_o with_o they_o from_o the_o say_a mountain_n abundance_n of_o this_o metal_n in_o small_a piece_n which_o as_o it_o come_v settle_v continual_o in_o the_o sand_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o say_a river_n where_o afterward_o it_o be_v find_v i_o say_v the_o gold_n itself_o be_v most_o probable_o think_v to_o be_v engender_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n or_o mountainous_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o perhaps_o not_o far_o from_o the_o source_n and_o spring_n of_o those_o river_n in_o which_o it_o be_v find_v and_o into_o who_o stream_n it_o be_v easy_o conceive_v to_o be_v devolve_v in_o tract_n of_o time_n by_o shower_n of_o rain_n and_o by_o many_o other_o natural_a cause_n and_o be_v not_o breed_v or_o engender_v in_o the_o sand_n or_o stream_n itself_o and_o so_o likewise_o it_o be_v observe_v they_o find_v most_o plenty_n of_o it_o common_o after_o some_o great_a flood_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o gold_n they_o gather_v great_a quantity_n there_o be_v as_o i_o say_v scarce_o a_o river_n of_o note_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o peru_n or_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n who_o sand_n be_v not_o more_o or_o less_o tinctured_a and_o enamel_v with_o it_o and_o it_o be_v most_o plentiful_a so_o be_v it_o likewise_o for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o pure_a and_o need_v not_o half_a that_o labour_n of_o refine_n it_o which_o gold_n in_o stone_n or_o of_o the_o mine_n usual_o do_v to_o gather_v it_o they_o first_o of_o all_o divert_v or_o turn_v the_o course_n of_o the_o stream_n some_o other_o way_n and_o then_o search_v the_o ford_n especial_o in_o the_o breach_n if_o there_o be_v any_o and_o in_o the_o cliff_n or_o hollow_a place_n of_o the_o bank_n where_o it_o be_v likely_a it_o may_v settle_v in_o its_o passage_n with_o the_o water_n and_o in_o such_o place_n they_o always_o find_v best_a store_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o woman_n work_n to_o gather_v this_o sort_n of_o gold_n which_o
there_o and_o be_v well_o experience_v in_o the_o mine_n will_v make_v good_a by_o their_o testimony_n i_o shall_v need_v to_o name_n only_a acosta_n who_o in_o his_o natural_a history_n of_o the_o indies_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 12._o tell_v we_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o understand_a man_n in_o those_o affair_n that_o there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o quintall_n of_o metal_n refine_v at_o potozi_n every_o year_n and_o laet_n in_o his_o discriptio_fw-la novi_fw-la orbis_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 4._o tell_v i_o that_o a_o quintall_a be_v a_o measure_n which_o with_o the_o spaniard_n in_o america_n contain_v one_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o pound_n weight_n put_v these_o together_o and_o the_o sum_n will_v be_v thirty_o eight_o million_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n melt_v at_o potozi_n yearly_a i_o suppose_v it_o will_v be_v say_v he_o mean_v of_o bullion_n or_o metal_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n whereof_o silver_n when_o it_o be_v refine_v make_v not_o the_o three_o part_n i_o grant_v both_o be_v willing_a to_o give_v all_o the_o advantage_n to_o moderate_a proposition_n that_o i_o can_v but_o let_v we_o then_o suppose_v that_o every_o pound_n weight_n of_o metal_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n yield_v a_o pezo_n or_o which_o be_v less_o but_o five_o shilling_n of_o fine_a silver_n which_o i_o suppose_v no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o it_o do_v one_o with_o another_o and_o it_o will_v abundant_o justify_v what_o i_o say_v viz._n that_o if_o we_o have_v it_o it_o will_v pay_v three_o such_o army_n as_o the_o state_n maintain_v and_o afford_v a_o competent_a revenue_n for_o all_o public_a occasion_n beside_o for_o it_o amount_v to_o little_o less_o than_o ten_o million_o of_o money_n viz._n to_o nine_o million_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n by_o account_n which_o under_o favour_n i_o humble_o conceive_v be_v a_o income_n thrice_o as_o great_a as_o the_o state_n expend_v yearly_a one_o way_n or_o 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and_o serviceable_a upon_o any_o occasion_n 3._o brion_n a_o small_a island_n southward_o of_o the_o rameae_fw-la not_o above_o two_o or_o three_o league_n in_o length_n and_o about_o so_o much_o likewise_o in_o breadth_n but_o of_o a_o rich_a soil_n and_o excellent_a good_a pasturage_n though_o shade_v in_o some_o place_n with_o many_o tall_a and_o lofty_a tree_n of_o several_a kind_n have_v another_o lesser_a island_n neighbour_a upon_o it_o which_o they_o call_v isle_n blanch_n or_o the_o white_a island_n of_o like_a fertility_n with_o itself_o 4._o insula_fw-la britonum_fw-la or_o isle_n breton_n call_v also_o sometime_o the_o isle_n of_o saint_n laurence_n this_o lie_v to_o the_o southeast_n of_o the_o isle_n brion_n of_o a_o triangular_a form_n contain_v about_o eighty_o league_n in_o compass_n mountainous_a for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o rugged_a but_o in_o the_o valley_n more_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a have_v no_o river_n at_o least_o not_o any_o that_o be_v much_o know_v but_o instead_o thereof_o embrace_v much_o with_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o thereby_o not_o unlikly_a to_o be_v well_o store_v with_o fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o it_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n there_o be_v a_o great_a lake_n which_o contain_v within_o it_o many_o lesser_a island_n the_o wood_n well_o replenish_v with_o most_o sort_n of_o deer_n a_o kind_n of_o black_a fox_n and_o abundance_n of_o the_o american_n bird_n which_o they_o call_v pengwin_n the_o chief_a port_n or_o haven_n of_o it_o be_v newport_n call_v by_o the_o french_a port_n aux_fw-fr anglois_fw-fr because_o much_o frequent_v by_o the_o english_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o fish_n last_o there_o be_v the_o isle_n de_fw-fr sable_n so_o call_v by_o the_o french_a as_o it_o be_v suppose_v from_o the_o sand_n which_o lie_v so_o much_o about_o it_o contain_v about_o fifteen_o league_n in_o compass_n and_o distant_a from_o breton-isle_n not_o much_o less_o than_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o league_n hold_v to_o be_v of_o a_o unsafe_a land_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a sand_n lie_v about_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o the_o plant_n of_o it_o have_v be_v twice_o attempt_v by_o the_o french_a and_o once_o by_o the_o portughese_n yet_o the_o business_n never_o have_v success_n the_o inland_a part_n of_o this_o whole_a country_n of_o canada_n be_v still_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o savage_n or_o native_n and_o not_o much_o discover_v further_a than_o to_o know_v the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n the_o chief_a whereof_o that_o occur_v be_v these_o viz._n the_o iroquois_n a_o stout_a and_o warlike_a people_n on_o the_o north-east_n of_o norimbegua_n often_o molest_v the_o french_a the_o souriquois_n and_o etechemins_n in_o the_o country_n of_o accadie_n or_o new-scotland_n who_o be_v more_o their_o friend_n and_o do_v help_v they_o sometime_o against_o the_o iroquois_n beside_o on_o the_o bank_n and_o about_o the_o river_n of_o canada_n there_o be_v the_o algoumequin_n the_o algoiugequin_n quenongebin_n attagopautan_n and_o many_o other_o montagnet_n of_o such_o harsh_a name_n that_o we_o shall_v be_v enforce_v almost_o to_o pass_v they_o over_o in_o silence_n though_o they_o otherwise_o deserve_v to_o be_v name_v only_o this_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o the_o general_n of_o the_o savage_n of_o these_o part_n of_o america_n viz._n that_o as_o ignorant_a and_o barbarous_a as_o they_o be_v yet_o they_o have_v make_v shift_n to_o discover_v the_o faction_n emulation_n and_o enmity_n than_o be_v among_o the_o european_a people_n that_o come_v thither_o and_o be_v able_a to_o make_v such_o advantage_n of_o it_o by_o side_v some_o of_o they_o with_o the_o one_o and_o some_o with_o the_o other_o that_o they_o all_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n by_o it_o so_o that_o as_o yet_o the_o footing_n which_o either_o the_o french_a english_a or_o any_o other_o nation_n have_v among_o they_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o own_o abode_n and_o trade_n where_o they_o live_v than_o to_o give_v they_o any_o absolute_a right_n of_o possession_n much_o less_o any_o general_a command_n of_o the_o country_n chap._n four_o of_o virginia_n and_o the_o country_n thereto_o belong_v 1._o virginia_n so_o name_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n about_o the_o year_n 1584._o in_o honour_n of_o our_o maiden_n queen_n elizabeth_n of_o famous_a memory_n be_v a_o fair_a province_n of_o this_o northern_a part_n of_o america_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o canada_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o sea_n call_v mare_fw-la del_fw-it nort_n on_o the_o south_n with_o florida_n the_o western_a confine_n of_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o know_v but_o suppose_v and_o perhaps_o not_o altogether_o improbable_o to_o extend_v themselves_o as_o far_o as_o the_o south_n sea_n the_o more_o inland_n part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v mountainous_a and_o somewhat_o barren_a but_o otherwise_o thick_o set_v with_o wood_n and_o those_o as_o well_o replenish_v with_o wild_a beast_n venison_n and_o a_o sort_n of_o people_n not_o much_o less_o wild_a and_o savage_a than_o beast_n the_o maritime_a part_n more_o plain_a and_o fruitful_a the_o whole_a country_n extend_v itself_o from_o north_n to_o south_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o southermost_a part_n of_o norimbega_n to_o florida_n full_a ten_o degree_n of_o latitude_n viz._n from_o thirty_o four_o to_o forty_o four_o contain_v thereby_o inclusive_o six_o hundred_o common_a or_o english_a mile_n be_v subdivide_v into_o three_o inferior_a province_n or_o part_n which_o be_v these_o viz._n 1._o new-england_n 2._o novum-belgium_n or_o neiw-nederlands_a as_o our_o neighbour_n call_v it_o and_o 3._o virginia_n proper_o so_o call_v to_o which_o because_o it_o be_v a_o english_a plantation_n and_o a_o part_n of_o this_o western_a world_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o add_v the_o bermudae_n island_n 2._o new-england_n be_v that_o part_n of_o this_o province_n of_o america_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o canada_n or_o new_a france_n by_o which_o it_o be_v border_v towards_o the_o north_n eastward_o with_o norimbegua_n on_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n with_o niew-nederlande_a the_o other_o border_n that_o be_v direct_o westward_o remain_v yet_o unknown_a the_o country_n lie_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n betwixt_o the_o degree_n of_o forty_o one_o and_o forty_o four_o be_v natural_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o heat_n with_o france_n or_o italy_n parallel_n to_o which_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o western_a hemisphere_n but_o yet_o these_o heat_n so_o moderate_v and_o allay_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o adjoin_a sea_n that_o the_o country_n general_o be_v find_v very_o agreeable_a to_o english_a body_n the_o soil_n abundant_o fruitful_a not_o only_o of_o the_o natural_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o such_o as_o be_v transport_v thither_o out_o of_o england_n great_a store_n of_o wood_n and_o tree_n both_o for_o fruit_n and_o building_n plenty_n of_o deer_n and_o of_o turkey_n partridge_n swan_n goose_n crane_n duck_n and_o pigeon_n so_o great_a abundance_n as_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n almost_o to_o excess_n but_o the_o commodity_n whereby_o they_o chief_o maintain_v their_o trade_n be_v rich_a fur_n many_o sort_n of_o good_a fish_n some_o quantity_n of_o amber_n flax_n linen_n iron_n pitch_n mast_n cable_n yea_o and_o timber_n for_o ship_n in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v suppose_v by_o those_o which_o seem_v to_o understand_v the_o country_n well_o that_o there_o be_v little_a come_v for_o england_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o sound_n but_o may_v be_v have_v from_o hence_o at_o easy_a rate_n and_o less_o trouble_n if_o the_o business_n be_v well_o consider_v the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o be_v much_o better_o dispose_v more_o tractable_a docil_n and_o apt_a to_o be_v persuade_v to_o civility_n than_o
suppose_v they_o have_v have_v their_o hand_n so_o full_a of_o other_o business_n of_o late_a that_o they_o have_v not_o add_v much_o to_o what_o they_o have_v when_o our_o trouble_n begin_v which_o be_v only_a new-amsterdam_n as_o they_o call_v it_o and_o orange-fort_n afore_o mention_v nor_o be_v it_o so_o certain_a whither_o they_o be_v master_n of_o they_o at_o this_o day_n or_o no._n in_o stead_n of_o river_n which_o this_o country_n seem_v a_o little_a to_o want_v there_o be_v many_o large_a and_o capacious_a bay_n all_o along_o the_o coast_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v that_o which_o the_o dutch_a call_v nassovius-bay_n sometime_o the_o nordt-river_n which_o fall_v by_o it_o into_o the_o sea_n at_o may-port_n 2._o hellgate_n which_o be_v but_o a_o channel_n of_o the_o great_a nordt-river_n so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a entrance_n though_o within_o it_o afford_v a_o very_a safe_a road_n for_o ship_v and_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o fathom_n of_o water_n at_o the_o mouth_n 3._o zuid-river_n so_o call_v because_o it_o lie_v more_o southerly_a than_o the_o rest_n 4._o but_o virginia_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v in_o a_o better_a condition_n this_o be_v a_o elder_a daughter_n of_o england_n &_o one_o of_o her_o first_o plantation_n which_o have_v endure_v diversity_n of_o fortune_n and_o struggle_v for_o a_o long_a time_n at_o the_o begin_n with_o ill_a success_n be_v at_o last_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o divine_a providence_n arrive_v unto_o such_o a_o competent_a happiness_n as_o that_o the_o colony_n be_v say_v to_o live_v very_o comfortable_o and_o helpful_o among_o themselves_o and_o to_o give_v good_a hope_n of_o perpetuate_n and_o improve_n their_o condition_n to_o posterity_n the_o country_n have_v on_o the_o north-east_n of_o it_o niew-nederlandt_a aforesaid_a on_o the_o south-west_n florida_n the_o name_n of_o virginia_n which_o before_o be_v common_a to_o the_o whole_a province_n be_v upon_o the_o plantation_n of_o new-england_n and_o that_o other_o restrain_v to_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n only_o which_o reach_v from_o the_o thirty_o four_o to_o the_o thirty_o eight_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n the_o country_n somewhat_o incline_v to_o heat_n which_o yet_o be_v much_o moderate_v by_o those_o constant_a easterly_a wind_n which_o they_o call_v brise_n and_o by_o some_o other_o cool_a blast_n from_o the_o ocean_n ever_o and_o anon_o it_o be_v a_o country_n general_o well_o distinguish_v into_o hill_n and_o valley_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v well_o clothe_v with_o wood_n and_o the_o latter_a with_o fruit_n the_o soil_n be_v so_o good_a that_o it_o be_v say_v in_o many_o place_n a_o acre_n of_o land_n well_o husband_v will_v return_v two_o hundred_o bushel_n or_o twenty_o five_o quarter_n of_o good_a grain_n rich_a in_o vein_n of_o allom_n as_o likewise_o in_o pitch_n turpentine_n oil_n plenty_n of_o sweet_a gum_n and_o several_a sort_n of_o plant_n for_o dyer_n use_v not_o want_v many_o good_a mine_n of_o iron_n copper_n etc._n etc._n timber_n and_o tall_a cedar-tree_n in_o infinite_a abundance_n much_o cattle_n fish_n and_o fowl_n of_o all_o sort_n no_o scarcity_n of_o maiz_n among_o the_o native_n on_o the_o mountain_n some_o crystal_n be_v find_v and_o on_o the_o shore_n pearl_n to_o be_v short_a except_v those_o metal_n of_o peru_n and_o mexico_n of_o which_o i_o hear_v not_o that_o any_o discovery_n as_o yet_o have_v be_v make_v in_o these_o part_n it_o seem_v not_o deficient_a in_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v encourage_v or_o reward_v a_o industrious_a people_n the_o country_n not_o half_o people_v with_o native_n and_o those_o that_o be_v there_o find_v as_o much_o differ_v one_o from_o another_o in_o size_n as_o in_o language_n and_o manner_n there_o be_v some_o who_o they_o call_v sasques-hanoxi_a of_o such_o a_o vast_a bulk_n and_o stature_n that_o they_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v giant_n to_o the_o english_a themselves_o other_o who_o they_o call_v wigcocomoci_n so_o little_a and_o low_a that_o in_o company_n with_o the_o other_o they_o seem_v but_o so_o many_o pigmy_n but_o the_o generality_n of_o they_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v be_v tall_a and_o well_o limb_v though_o most_o common_o without_o beard_n their_o clothing_n be_v mantle_n of_o deer-skin_n with_o something_o like_o a_o apron_n hang_v before_o they_o they_o paint_v their_o body_n and_o face_n all_o over_o with_o figure_n of_o serpent_n and_o other_o horrid_a creature_n '_o as_o it_o be_v think_v only_o that_o they_o may_v seem_v terrible_a to_o their_o enemy_n who_o be_v so_o wise_a as_o to_o fright_v they_o again_o as_o much_o with_o the_o same_o these_o of_o virginia_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v crafty_a and_o revengeful_a and_o not_o a_o little_a more_o industrious_a and_o active_a than_o other_o native_n especial_o towards_o the_o north._n there_o be_v no_o country_n in_o the_o world_n for_o the_o bigness_n better_o water_v than_o this_o part_n of_o virginia_n be_v with_o many_o pleasant_a and_o fair_a river_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v these_o viz._n 1._o pawhatan_n so_o name_v from_o a_o principal_a roytelet_n of_o these_o part_n who_o territores_fw-la be_v divide_v and_o wonderful_o fertilize_v by_o this_o river_n which_o run_v a_o course_n of_o a_o hundred_o mile_n navigable_a all_o the_o way_n at_o least_o by_o small_a vessel_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n with_o a_o mouth_n two_o or_o three_o mile_n broad_a 2._o nansamund_n 3._o pammanuke_n 4._o toppaphanock_n navigable_a one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o mile_n 5._o pawtunxet_n of_o a_o deep_a channel_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o afford_v variety_n of_o choice_a fish_n with_o divers_a other_o the_o english_a first_o settle_v their_o plantation_n upon_o the_o southside_n of_o a_o large_a and_o goodly_a bay_n call_v by_o the_o native_n chese-peack_a which_o thrust_v itself_o a_o good_a way_n up_o into_o the_o country_n and_o receive_v into_o its_o bosom_n many_o particular_a river_n yield_v a_o very_a safe_a station_n for_o ship_n and_o be_v the_o only_a entrance_n into_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o cape_n or_o point_n whereof_o be_v therefore_o well_o fortify_v particular_o cape_n henry_n cape_n charles_n etc._n etc._n the_o town_n which_o the_o english_a have_v build_v or_o do_v frequent_a in_o way_n of_o trade_n be_v chief_o 1._o james-town_n so_o name_v by_o the_o first_o adventurer_n in_o honour_n of_o king_n james_n it_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o bay_n and_o be_v first_o build_v in_o the_o year_n 1606_o but_o since_o fortify_v with_o a_o trench_n draw_v round_o about_o it_o and_o some_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n plant_v 2._o henricopolis_n or_o henry_n town_n so_o name_v from_o prince_n henry_n then_o live_v build_v in_o a_o very_a convenient_a place_n more_o within_o land_n about_o fourscore_o mile_n distant_a from_o james-town_n 3._o dales-guift_n so_o name_v because_o build_v and_o plant_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o sir_n thomas_n dale_n deputy_n governor_n of_o the_o country_n about_o the_o year_n 1610._o there_o be_v also_o ketoughtan_n a_o town_n of_o the_o native_n upon_o the_o bay_n where_o the_o english_a be_v say_v to_o frequent_v and_o trade_n much_o and_o last_o wicocomoco_n a_o town_n of_o powhatans_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a roytelet_n of_o the_o country_n as_o have_v be_v say_v who_o the_o english_a at_o their_o first_o come_v thither_o court_v much_o and_o procure_v a_o crown_n of_o copper_n with_o some_o other_o rich_a present_n to_o be_v send_v he_o from_o king_n james_n on_o purpose_n to_o oblige_v he_o which_o yet_o they_o be_v hardly_o able_a to_o do_v for_o although_o he_o profess_v likewise_o on_o his_o part_n very_o much_o love_n and_o affection_n to_o the_o english_a yet_o partly_o by_o his_o procurement_n as_o it_o be_v say_v and_o partly_o through_o their_o own_o overmuch_a security_n not_o with_o out_o some_o provocation_n give_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o english_a there_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1621._o not_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o and_o forty_o englishman_n murder_v by_o the_o savage_n unexpected_o fall_v in_o upon_o they_o and_o with_o such_o violence_n and_o resolution_n as_o that_o if_o a_o certain_a native_a of_o the_o country_n become_v christian_n have_v not_o discover_v the_o business_n a_o very_a little_a before_o to_o they_o at_o james-town_n their_o principal_a fort_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n have_v be_v surprise_v and_o the_o whole_a colony_n almost_o at_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o savage_n but_o it_o please_v god_n to_o prevent_v their_o utter_a destruction_n by_o that_o mean_n and_o since_o that_o time_n i_o suppose_v they_o stand_v better_o upon_o their_o guard_n 5._o the_o bermuda_n be_v a_o multitude_n of_o small_a island_n in_o the_o atlantic_a or_o north-sea_n as_o at_o the_o indies_n they_o call_v it_o lie_v right_o over_o against_o
virginia_n at_o a_o distance_n of_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o mile_n they_o lie_v from_o thirty_o to_o thirty_o two_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n in_o form_n of_o a_o croissant_n or_o halfmoon_n be_v so_o call_v from_o john_n bermudaz_n a_o spaniard_n who_o first_o discover_v they_o but_o the_o principal_a of_o they_o and_o that_o which_o be_v most_o proper_o call_v bermudaz_n island_n lie_v at_o the_o low_a and_o most_o southerly_a corner_n of_o they_o in_o the_o latitude_n of_o thirty_o two_o degree_n and_o twenty_o five_o minute_n they_o be_v sometime_o call_v the_o summer_n island_n from_o sir_n george_n summer_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1609._o in_o company_n of_o sir_n thomas_n gate_n and_o about_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o person_n more_o sail_v towards_o virginia_n hardly_o escape_v a_o terrible_a shipwreck_n upon_o these_o island_n the_o ship_n which_o they_o be_v force_v to_o run_v on_o shore_n be_v lose_v but_o the_o man_n and_o much_o of_o her_o lade_n by_o god_n great_a mercy_n save_v by_o their_o bo_n they_o find_v the_o place_n altogether_o desolate_a inhabit_v neither_o by_o man_n nor_o beast_n save_v only_o some_o swine_n in_o the_o wood_n but_o of_o foul_a such_o infinite_a plenty_n that_o they_o will_v take_v a_o thousand_o of_o some_o one_o sort_n as_o big_a as_o pigeon_n in_o 2_o or_o 3_o hour_n with_o these_o and_o the_o swine_n they_o find_v there_o which_o be_v very_o large_a and_o fat_a for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o time_n they_o stay_v and_o with_o variety_n of_o fish_n they_o sustain_v themselves_o happy_o till_o they_o have_v build_v a_o new_a ship_n and_o a_o bark_n sufficient_a to_o waste_v they_o and_o their_o company_n over_o to_o virginia_n they_o find_v likewise_o diverse_a sort_n of_o fruit_n in_o the_o island_n very_o please_v and_o good_a abundance_n of_o mulberry_n tree_n and_o silkworm_n palmitos_fw-la cedar-tree_n and_o other_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_v some_o quantity_n of_o pearl_n ambergreese_a and_o other_o good_a commodity_n a_o air_n general_o so_o temperate_a and_o agreeable_a to_o their_o constitution_n that_o they_o rejoice_v not_o a_o little_a in_o their_o misfortune_n which_o have_v cast_v they_o upon_o a_o place_n so_o likely_a to_o be_v advantageous_a to_o themselves_o and_o the_o nation_n as_o by_o their_o earnest_a procurement_n it_o have_v since_o in_o part_n prove_v it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a plantation_n of_o the_o english_a and_o though_o as_o yet_o they_o seem_v to_o trade_v only_o in_o tobacco_n as_o likewise_o virginia_n be_v say_v to_o do_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o through_o any_o defect_n either_o in_o the_o one_o country_n or_o the_o other_o as_o if_o they_o afford_v no_o better_a commodity_n but_o rather_o through_o the_o fault_n and_o unskilfulness_n of_o the_o planter_n who_o busy_a themselves_o only_o in_o those_o ordinary_a and_o easy_a comedy_n and_o neglect_v the_o improvement_n of_o better_a viz._n that_o of_o the_o silkworm_n and_o of_o make_v silk_n the_o first_o colony_n be_v send_v thither_o in_o the_o year_n 1612_o under_o the_o command_n of_o captain_n rich._n moor_n which_o prosper_v so_o well_o that_o in_o a_o few_o year_n the_o whole_a island_n viz._n the_o principal_a one_o where_o they_o do_v chief_o inhabit_v be_v divide_v into_o cantred_n or_o hundred_o as_o we_o may_v call_v they_o and_o to_o every_o hundred_o a_o burrow_n or_o chief_a town_n assign_v and_o the_o government_n settle_v entire_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1623._o there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o three_o thousand_o reckon_v to_o be_v there_o ten_o good_a fort_n erect_v and_o about_o fifty_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n plant_v upon_o they_o although_o the_o place_n itself_o be_v so_o natural_o fence_v with_o rock_n and_o little_a island_n lie_v about_o it_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o that_o respect_n only_o seem_v to_o contemn_v all_o danger_n from_o without_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a without_o particular_a knowledge_n of_o the_o passage_n for_o a_o vessel_n of_o but_o eight_o or_o ten_o tun_n to_o come_v safe_o into_o harbour_n and_o yet_o with_o such_o knowledge_n there_o be_v both_o easy_a passage_n and_o secure_a station_n for_o the_o tall_a ship_n chap._n v._n of_o florida_n 1._o southward_o of_o virginia_n somewhat_o towards_o the_o west_n lie_v the_o large_a and_o spacious_a country_n of_o florida_n ennoble_v hitherto_o rather_o by_o the_o great_a pain_n which_o the_o spaniard_n have_v take_v and_o the_o ill_a success_n which_o they_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o discovery_n and_o search_n of_o this_o province_n than_o by_o any_o thing_n else_o they_o have_v discover_v in_o it_o answerable_a to_o their_o desire_n on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o atlantic_a ocean_n or_o mare_n deal_v nordt_n on_o the_o south_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o west_n the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n and_o on_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o west_n part_n of_o new-gallicia_a and_o some_o other_o country_n not_o yet_o perfect_o know_v it_o be_v first_o of_o all_o discover_v by_o sir_n sebastian_n cabot_n as_o have_v be_v say_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n about_o the_o year_n 1497_o but_o afterward_o more_o thorough_o search_v into_o by_o john_n de_fw-fr ponce_n a_o spaniard_n in_o the_o year_n 1512_o and_o by_o he_o name_v florida_n because_o he_o first_o land_v upon_o it_o on_o palm-sunday_n which_o as_o they_o say_v the_o spaniard_n use_v to_o call_v pascha_fw-la de_fw-fr flores_n or_o pascha_fw-la florida_n the_o country_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o parallel_n with_o castille_n in_o spain_n and_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v of_o a_o near_a temperature_n with_o it_o both_o for_o aire_n and_o soil_n only_o this_o of_o america_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v somewhat_o the_o more_o fertile_a and_o lusty_a as_o not_o have_v as_o yet_o be_v wear_v out_o with_o tillage_n and_o use_n as_o the_o other_o have_v they_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o maiz_n in_o this_o country_n which_o they_o both_o sow_v and_o reap_v in_o less_o than_o four_o month_n space_n and_o which_o be_v somewhat_o more_o observable_a among_o people_n otherwise_o barbarous_a it_o be_v not_o count_v among_o they_o any_o man_n private_a possession_n but_o lay_v up_o in_o public_a granary_n and_o barn_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v orderly_o distribute_v at_o all_o time_n to_o particular_a person_n and_o family_n according_a to_o their_o necessity_n it_o be_v well_o store_v likewise_o with_o diverse_a sort_n of_o fruit_n both_o proper_a to_o the_o country_n and_o common_a to_o other_o part_n especial_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o plum_n of_o a_o rare_a colour_n and_o taste_v mulberry_n tree_n cherry_n tree_n chestnut_n grape_n etc._n etc._n beast_n they_o have_v in_o abundance_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a with_o no_o less_o plenty_n of_o fowl_n many_o huge_a forest_n and_o lesser_a wood_n well_o replenish_v with_o good_a okes_n of_o the_o large_a size_n lofty_a cedar_n cypress_n and_o bay_a tree_n with_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o that_o wood_n which_o the_o american_n call_v pavame_n and_o the_o french_a saffasras_n the_o bark_n whereof_o be_v say_v to_o be_v very_o medicinal_a in_o sundry_a diseise_n especial_o for_o the_o stone_n and_o all_o obstruction_n of_o urine_n winde-colick_a and_o other_o and_o therefore_o much_o use_v by_o the_o apothecary_n they_o have_v also_o another_o sort_n of_o wood_n call_v esquine_n not_o unknown_a in_o other_o part_n affirm_v to_o be_v of_o sovereign_a and_o present_a remedy_n against_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la a_o malady_n which_o the_o indian_n be_v say_v to_o be_v general_o and_o not_o seldom_o very_o foul_o subject_a unto_o yea_o they_o say_v that_o the_o spaniard_n from_o the_o indies_n first_o bring_v it_o into_o italy_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n where_o former_o it_o be_v either_o not_o at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o not_o much_o know_v it_o be_v likewise_o think_v that_o the_o country_n be_v not_o altogether_o without_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n especial_o about_o the_o mountain_n apalatei_n as_o they_o call_v they_o though_o neglect_v by_o the_o native_n till_o the_o spaniard_n come_v and_o rifle_v so_o strange_o for_o gold_n in_o the_o other_o province_n which_o probable_o may_v make_v the_o native_n of_o this_o province_n to_o conceal_v they_o when_o the_o spaniard_n be_v among_o they_o and_o still_o to_o forbear_v the_o search_n after_o it_o in_o case_n that_o indeed_o they_o have_v any_o only_a that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v trouble_v with_o such_o guest_n but_o for_o emerald_n turquoise_n and_o other_o fine_a stone_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o country_n have_v many_o of_o great_a worth_n and_o beauty_n but_o the_o plenty_n of_o these_o make_v they_o cheap_a at_o the_o indies_n and_o to_o be_v think_v not_o worth_a the_o search_n after_o the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n
than_o any_o of_o these_o yet_o prove_v as_o fruitless_a as_o the_o rest_n he_o begin_v his_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1538._o and_o continue_v it_o till_o 1543._o overrun_v the_o country_n with_o a_o little_a army_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o horse_n and_o 90_o foot_n subdue_a the_o paracoussi_n or_o petty_a prince_n where_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n and_o compel_v they_o to_o send_v in_o their_o turkey_n hen_n and_o other_o fowl_n for_o the_o victual_v of_o his_o run_a camp_n every_o day_n till_o at_o last_o find_v his_o hope_n of_o gold_n frustrate_v and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o his_o army_n waste_v and_o the_o rest_n much_o weaken_v with_o travel_n strike_v with_o grief_n and_o as_o some_o say_v also_o with_o a_o fever_n he_o die_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o journey_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o his_o company_n under_o the_o command_n of_o ludevico_n muscoso_n his_o lieutenant_n with_o much_o difficulty_n recover_v mexico_n at_o last_o upon_o so_o many_o unsuccessfull_a attempt_n the_o spaniard_n seem_v to_o leave_v the_o country_n whereupon_o the_o french_a enter_v send_v thither_o by_o gaspar_n coligni_n admiral_n of_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1562_o but_o they_o be_v such_o as_o the_o spaniard_n like_v not_o to_o have_v so_o near_o they_o wherefore_o immediate_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o a_o second_o supply_n in_o the_o year_n 1565_o at_o charles_n fort_n upon_o the_o river_n port-royall_a above_o say_v the_o spaniard_n set_v upon_o they_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n force_v their_o ship_n violent_o upon_o the_o rock_n sack_v the_o new_a town_n and_o put_v the_o whole_a colony_n to_o the_o sword_n scarce_o one_o man_n escape_v together_o with_o ribault_n himself_o who_o be_v commander_n in_o chief_a for_o the_o expedition_n there_o be_v above_o six_o hundred_o french_a slay_v in_o this_o action_n and_o all_o their_o hope_n in_o florida_n thereby_o utter_o extinct_a since_o that_o time_n the_o spaniard_n have_v better_o fortify_v those_o place_n of_o the_o peninsula_n viz._n saint_n matthews_n and_o saint_n augustine_n abovesaid_a together_o with_o the_o castle_n of_o saint_n philip_n and_o saint_n jage_n in_o the_o more_o northerly_a part_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v like_o aesop_n dog_n in_o the_o manger_n rather_o to_o keep_v out_o other_o than_o that_o they_o make_v any_o good_a improvement_n of_o the_o country_n themselves_o and_o therefore_o if_o they_o be_v beat_v out_o and_o send_v to_o attend_v their_o mine_n and_o sugar-mills_n elsewhere_o it_o may_v seem_v but_o just_a the_o country_n be_v a_o large_a and_o goodly_a province_n of_o america_n of_o a_o fertile_a and_o good_a soil_n general_o yet_o neither_o people_v with_o native_n nor_o use_v in_o any_o sort_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o the_o advancement_n of_o public_a good_a what_o reason_n or_o justice_n therefore_o can_v it_o be_v that_o the_o spaniard_n only_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o fort_n or_o two_o upon_o the_o coast_n shall_v pretend_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n and_o neither_o improve_v it_o themselves_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v improve_v nor_o permit_v any_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v willing_a so_o to_o do_v it_o be_v suppose_v indeed_o they_o keep_v it_o as_o a_o reserve_n of_o treasure_n to_o themselves_o that_o when_o they_o have_v leisure_n or_o that_o their_o mine_n at_o potozi_n or_o other_o place_n fail_v they_o may_v make_v a_o further_a search_n about_o the_o apalatti_n of_o this_o province_n of_o which_o there_o be_v confident_a report_n that_o they_o have_v mine_n and_o though_o success_n hitherto_o have_v not_o answer_v their_o endeavour_n much_o yet_o they_o despair_v not_o in_o due_a time_n to_o find_v they_o upon_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o a_o more_o thorough_a search_n and_o true_o their_o policy_n and_o great_a providence_n seem_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v condemn_v but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n if_o any_o other_o nation_n upon_o just_a ground_n shall_v happen_v to_o step_v between_o and_o prevent_v they_o they_o have_v but_o little_a reason_n to_o complain_v or_o to_o count_v themselves_o injure_v 5._o there_o lie_v over_o against_o the_o country_n of_o florida_n westward_o or_o south-west_n certain_a small_a island_n which_o because_o they_o be_v but_o small_a one_o and_o lie_v so_o near_o the_o continent_n geographer_n sometime_o describe_v as_o a_o part_n and_o appertain_v to_o the_o continent_n they_o be_v call_v by_o a_o general_a name_n the_o leucayae_n island_n and_o have_v not_o much_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o they_o the_o chief_a be_v first_o las_n tortugas_n or_o the_o tortoise_n which_o be_v seven_o or_o eight_o little_a island_n lie_v together_o at_o the_o south-west_n point_n of_o the_o peninsula_n call_v cape_n florida_n right_o over_o against_o the_o port_n havana_n of_o the_o isle_n cuba_n from_o which_o they_o be_v distant_a about_o five_o or_o six_o league_n and_o by_o their_o lie_v so_o scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o sea_n as_o they_o do_v they_o make_v the_o passage_n from_o thence_o to_o havana_n not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a second_o los_fw-la martyr_n these_o be_v three_o great_a rock_n rather_o than_o island_n lie_v to_o the_o southeast_n of_o cape_n florida_n and_o cover_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o a_o whitish_a sand_n and_o a_o few_o bush_n grow_v on_o they_o they_o seem_v at_o a_o distance_n to_o bear_v a_o resemblance_n of_o man_n impald_v or_o bind_v to_o stake_n as_o the_o martyr_n in_o primitive_a time_n usual_o be_v which_o occasion_v the_o spaniard_n so_o to_o name_v they_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o come_v too_o near_o they_o but_o to_o have_v sight_n of_o they_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o man_n at_o sea_n for_o by_o pass_v these_o rock_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o southeast_n they_o certain_o know_v that_o they_o be_v now_o enter_v the_o streit_n not_o of_o magellan_n which_o lie_v many_o thousand_o of_o league_n further_a southward_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o due_a place_n but_o of_o bahama_n that_o be_v that_o they_o have_v leave_v the_o ocean_n and_o be_v fall_v in_o among_o those_o many_o island_n which_o do_v as_o it_o be_v barricado_n and_o block_n up_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o america_n towards_o nombre_n de_fw-fr dios_n and_o terra_fw-la firma_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o through_o which_o the_o passage_n to_o the_o continent_n be_v sometime_o dangerous_a by_o reason_n of_o contrary_a wind_n and_o always_o such_o as_o it_o require_v the_o skill_n and_o care_n of_o a_o experience_a pilot_n to_o conduct_v the_o ship_n well_o thither_o three_o bahama_n lie_v westward_o of_o cape_n florida_n famous_a for_o nothing_o but_o only_o for_o give_v name_n to_o the_o streit_n so_o call_v which_o run_v betwixt_o the_o peninsula_n of_o florida_n and_o it_o with_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n and_o torrent_n that_o although_o it_o be_v above_o sixteen_o mile_n broad_a yet_o many_o time_n neither_o wind_n nor_o oar_n can_v prevail_v against_o it_o four_o guanahani_n the_o first_o piece_n of_o american_n ground_n that_o be_v discover_v and_o name_v by_o christopher_n columbus_n saint_n saviour_n or_o salvador_n as_o have_v be_v say_v chap._n vi_o of_o califormia_n 1._o califormia_n in_o the_o general_n contain_v all_o those_o province_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o america_n whither_o discover_v or_o undiscovered_a which_o lie_v westward_o of_o florida_n canada_n and_o virginia_n and_o to_o the_o northwest_o of_o new-gallicia_a up_o to_o the_o streit_n of_o anian_a or_o that_o sea_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o divide_v the_o continent_n of_o tartary_n from_o america_n but_o more_o especial_o take_v it_o comprehend_v only_o that_o large_a peninsula_n or_o demy-island_n as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v which_o stretch_v itself_o from_o north_n to_o south_n to_o a_o vast_a length_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o mar_n vermiglio_n as_o it_o be_v common_o call_v and_o sometime_o the_o bay_n of_o califormia_n they_o that_o take_v it_o in_o ihe_n first_o and_o large_a sense_n describe_v under_o the_o name_n of_o califormia_n these_o four_o particular_a province_n viz._n 1._o quivira_n 2._o cibola_n 3._o califormia_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o 4._o nova_fw-la albion_n 2._o quivira_n take_v up_o the_o most_o northern_a and_o unknown_a part_n of_o america_n towards_o the_o west_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o suppose_a strait_o of_o anian_a aforesaid_a if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o or_o else_o join_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o tartary_n it_o be_v likewise_o the_o barren_a and_o least_o fruitful_a part_n of_o all_o the_o west-indies_n especial_o for_o corn._n cattle_n it_o have_v great_a store_n and_o pasturage_v good_a the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o level_a and_o nothing_o else_o but_o pasturage_n the_o native_n few_o and_o
savage_a live_v in_o hoard_v or_o great_a company_n together_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o tartar_n to_o who_o they_o be_v neighbour_n and_o as_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_o think_v of_o their_o race_n they_o clothe_v themselves_o viz._n the_o man_n most_o common_o in_o that_o kind_n of_o ox_n hide_n which_o we_o describe_v before_o chap._n 9_o under_o the_o name_n of_o taurus_n mexicanus_n the_o woman_n with_o little_a else_o but_o their_o hair_n notwithstanding_o the_o country_n especial_o for_o one_o half_a of_o the_o year_n be_v eucessive_o cold_a their_o cattle_n though_o they_o be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o ordinary_a kine_n of_o europe_n be_v the_o chief_a sustenance_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o native_n by_o pasture_v of_o huge_a herd_n whereof_o from_o place_n to_o place_v the_o people_n live_v and_o maintain_v a_o traffic_n with_o other_o part_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o inhabit_v town_n the_o chief_a whereof_o as_o yet_o discover_v seem_v to_o be_v these_o viz._n acus_fw-la or_o acuco_n as_o some_o call_v it_o a_o small_a town_n but_o seat_v in_o a_o strong_a defensible_a place_n have_v some_o small_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n grow_v about_o it_o 2._o tignez_fw-fr a_o town_n seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o river_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n and_o inhabit_v it_o seem_v by_o a_o stout_a and_o resolute_a people_n and_o who_o the_o spanish_a come_v among_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1540_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o master_n they_o endure_v a_o siege_n for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o week_n together_o and_o at_o last_o find_v themselves_o so_o strong_o begird_v by_o enemy_n that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_n of_o escape_n but_o by_o death_n or_o yield_v up_o themselves_o rather_o than_o they_o will_v fall_v alive_a into_o their_o hand_n they_o first_o bury_v and_o spoil_v all_o such_o treasure_n as_o they_o have_v which_o be_v chief_o saphire_n and_o a_o few_o other_o gem_n that_o the_o country_n afford_v and_o after_o that_o set_a fire_n on_o their_o household_n stuff_n they_o take_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o they_o and_o make_v a_o desperate_a sally_n out_o upon_o the_o spaniard_n wherein_o although_o they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o slay_v tread_v under_o the_o horse_n foot_n or_o drown_v in_o pass_v the_o river_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o without_o some_o loss_n to_o the_o spaniard_n themselves_o nor_o will_v those_o few_o that_o be_v leave_v behind_o deliver_v up_o the_o town_n till_o it_o be_v fire_v about_o their_o ear_n and_o that_o they_o can_v no_o long_o abide_v in_o it_o 3._o cicuic_fw-la another_o small_a town_n four_o day_n journey_n distant_a from_o tignez_fw-fr the_o country_n about_o this_o place_n although_o general_o it_o be_v all_o good_a pasturage_n and_o maintain_v abundance_n of_o cattle_n yet_o be_v it_o so_o open_a and_o plain_a that_o for_o almost_o one_o hundred_o mile_n together_o the_o spaniard_n in_o their_o march_n hither_o from_o new-spain_n find_v neither_o stone_n nor_o tree_n nor_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o can_v serve_v they_o for_o a_o landmark_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v as_o they_o march_v along_o to_o raise_v up_o heap_n of_o the_o country_n cowdung_n to_o serve_v they_o for_o direction_n in_o their_o come_n back_o which_o be_v not_o long_o after_o for_o not_o find_v the_o commodity_n they_o seek_v for_o and_o fear_v to_o be_v surprise_v by_o winter_n in_o those_o cold_a country_n where_o they_o have_v no_o kind_n of_o accommodation_n they_o make_v somewhat_o a_o hasty_a retreat_n leave_v only_o behind_o they_o some_o few_o religious_a man_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n francis_n who_o desire_n to_o do_v the_o people_n good_a by_o convert_v they_o to_o the_o true_a knowledge_n and_o worship_n of_o almighty_a god_n procure_v they_o not_o long_o after_o the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n be_v murder_v all_o of_o they_o save_v one_o by_o the_o native_n and_o he_o not_o without_o much_o difficulty_n escape_v their_o hand_n 3._o cibola_n lie_v more_o southward_o of_o quivira_n betwixt_o it_o and_o new-gallicia_a to_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v mar_n vermiglio_n or_o the_o bay_n of_o califormia_n the_o air_n of_o the_o province_n indifferent_o temperate_a especial_o if_o compare_v to_o the_o sharp_a frost_n and_o cold_n of_o quivira_n the_o country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n level_v and_o plain_a as_o quivira_n be_v few_o tree_n at_o all_o in_o it_o except_o here_o and_o there_o some_o wood_n of_o cedar_n which_o yet_o do_v abundant_o supply_v the_o native_n both_o with_o timber_n and_o fuel_n the_o ground_n afford_v plenty_n of_o maiz_n and_o some_o small_a white_a pease_n of_o both_o which_o they_o usual_o make_v bread_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o venison_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o sheep_n as_o they_o say_v and_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o their_o fleece_n as_o big_a as_o some_o little_a horse_n or_o ox_n some_o of_o their_o horn_n weigh_v forty_o or_o fifty_o pound_n but_o perhaps_o by_o some_o mistake_n of_o author_n this_o beast_n may_v be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o taurus_n mexicanus_n afore_o describe_v who_o hair_n be_v extreme_o thick_a and_o shaggy_a and_o of_o which_o they_o make_v cloth_n as_o of_o wool_n as_o have_v be_v say_v there_o be_v also_o lion_n bear_n and_o tiger_n in_o this_o province_n in_o such_o number_n than_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v not_o a_o little_a trouble_v with_o they_o and_o will_v glad_o destroy_v they_o if_o they_o know_v how_o the_o people_n be_v general_o well_o limb_v tall_a of_o stature_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o little_a more_o ingenious_a than_o their_o neighbour_n of_o quivira_n yet_o they_o go_v naked_a many_o of_o they_o only_o cover_v before_o with_o mantle_n make_v of_o skin_n which_o be_v many_o time_n paint_v and_o that_o with_o such_o curiosity_n and_o art_n as_o do_v sufficient_o argue_v that_o neither_o themselves_o nor_o their_o neighbour_n of_o quivira_n from_o who_o they_o have_v they_o in_o traffic_n do_v make_v they_o but_o that_o they_o be_v the_o merchandise_n and_o commodity_n of_o some_o other_o nation_n perhaps_o of_o cathay_n or_o china_n who_o by_o the_o northwest_n sea_n do_v trade_n with_o the_o maritime_a part_n and_o people_n of_o quivira_n 4._o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n have_v be_v reasonable_o well_o search_v by_o the_o spaniard_n but_o as_o yet_o nothing_o discover_v so_o considerable_a as_o to_o persuade_v they_o to_o stay_v in_o it_o that_o which_o seem_v most_o observable_a be_v the_o great_a lake_n tonteac_n situate_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o province_n upon_o which_o or_o near_o unto_o it_o they_o find_v seven_o or_o eight_o old_a town_n of_o the_o native_n some_o whereof_o contain_v four_o or_o five_o hundred_o of_o their_o cottage_n or_o little_a house_n and_o be_v fortify_v also_o with_o rampart_n and_o other_o work_n of_o defence_n so_o as_o the_o spaniard_n can_v not_o become_v master_n of_o they_o but_o by_o force_n and_o storm_v they_o in_o the_o attempt_n whereof_o vasquez_n caronado_n himself_o their_o commander_n in_o chief_a be_v twice_o beat_v down_o with_o stone_n by_o the_o native_n yet_o at_o last_o carry_v the_o place_n he_o find_v in_o it_o good_a plenty_n of_o maiz_n indeed_o which_o be_v some_o refreshment_n to_o his_o army_n but_o nothing_o else_o whereupon_o have_v name_v the_o place_n granada_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o new-spain_n who_o send_v he_o upon_o that_o expedition_n he_o depart_v in_o his_o return_n homeward_o he_o fall_v upon_o a_o certain_a country_n which_o he_o name_v tucayan_n of_o which_o his_o company_n report_v great_a matter_n as_o first_o of_o a_o certain_a river_n call_v huex_n on_o the_o bank_n whereof_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o league_n or_o thereabouts_o there_o stand_v no_o less_o than_o fifteen_o good_a burrough_n well_o build_v and_o furnish_v likewise_o with_o stove_n or_o hothouse_n against_o the_o cold_a as_o in_o other_o country_n of_o europe_n as_o also_o of_o a_o very_a fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a valley_n which_o therefore_o they_o call_v aroya_n de_fw-fr corazones_n of_o another_o gteat_fw-la town_n and_o territorie_n thereto_o belong_v call_v chichilticala_n and_o last_o of_o the_o valley_n of_o nuestra_n sennora_fw-es or_o our_o lady_n dale_n in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o say_a territory_n all_o of_o they_o describe_v for_o such_o rich_a and_o delicious_a place_n that_o some_o take_v they_o for_o the_o campi_n elisii_n of_o america_n especial_o see_v the_o spaniard_n be_v never_o know_v to_o visit_v they_o the_o second_o time_n the_o discovery_n which_o have_v be_v make_v since_o be_v only_o of_o the_o northwest_n part_n of_o the_o country_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o mar_n vermiglio_n and_o this_o no_o further_o than_o only_o to_o give_v name_n to_o certain_a cape_n or_o promontory_n which_o
likewise_o the_o metropolis_n or_o head_n town_n of_o the_o native_n before_o the_o spaniard_n burn_v and_o destroy_v it_o 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la valles_n this_o be_v a_o frontier_n place_n and_o enjoy_v certain_a speciar_a immunity_n and_o some_o fair_a possession_n also_o for_n defence_n of_o the_o country_n against_o the_o savage_n it_o be_v twenty_o five_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n steven_n del_fw-it puerto_n lie_v in_o a_o open_a or_o champain_n country_n and_o be_v fence_v about_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o earth_n 8._o mechoacan_a have_v on_o the_o north-east_n panuco_n on_o the_o east_n mexicana_n proper_o so_o call_v on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o tlascalla_n on_o the_o west_n the_o main_a ocean_n or_o mare_n deal_v zur_n and_o last_o of_o all_o more_o direct_o northward_o xalisco_n which_o be_v a_o province_n of_o new_a gallicia_n the_o name_n signify_v in_o the_o american_n language_n as_o much_o as_o a_o fish_n country_n &_o so_o it_o be_v have_v many_o fair_a lake_n and_o river_n in_o it_o abundant_o well_o store_v with_o good_a fish_n the_o country_n so_o exceed_o pleasant_a and_o healthful_a that_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o sick_a person_n of_o other_o province_n to_o come_v hither_o to_o recover_v their_o health_n only_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o good_a air_n the_o soil_n so_o abundant_o fertile_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n that_o of_o four_o measure_n of_o seed_n it_o have_v be_v often_o observe_v they_o have_v reap_v the_o next_o harvest_n more_o than_o so_o many_o hundred_o measure_n of_o the_o same_o grain_n very_o well_o wooded_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o many_o river_n and_o fresh_a spring_n equal_o rich_a in_o good_a pasture_n and_o beside_o great_a plenty_n of_o medicinal_a herb_n and_o plant_n it_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o amber_n nigh_o the_o sea_n coast_n mulberry-tree_n &_o consequent_o silk_n much_o honey_n wax_n and_o divers_a other_o commodity_n both_o for_o necessity_n and_o pleasure_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o tall_a of_o a_o strong_a active_a body_n and_o a_o good_a wit_n especial_o in_o comparison_n of_o other_o native_n not_o unskilful_a in_o divers_a curious_a manufacture_n and_o the_o most_o excellent_a feather-picturer_n aforemention_v be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o province_n they_o seem_v more_o general_o incline_v to_o the_o humour_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o spaniard_n than_o many_o other_o american_n and_o receive_v the_o preach_n of_o christian_a religion_n when_o time_n be_v with_o much_o willingness_n so_o that_o the_o country_n be_v now_o entire_o christian_n and_o divide_v into_o several_a parish_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o it_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o town_n or_o burrough_n beside_o many_o scatter_a village_n must_v of_o which_o have_v free_a school_n erect_v in_o they_o for_o the_o train_n up_o of_o youth_n in_o christian_a religion_n good_a literature_n and_o art_n and_o few_o of_o they_o without_o a_o hospital_n for_o the_o sick_a of_o which_o town_n the_o principal_a be_v such_o as_o follow_v viz._n zinzoutza_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o mechoacan_a 2._o pascuar_n a_o city_n forty_o seven_o league_n distant_a from_o mexico_n once_o a_o bishop_n sea_n but_o now_o remove_v to_o valladolit_fw-la 3._o valladolit_fw-la the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n since_o the_o episcopal_a chair_n be_v remove_v from_o pascuar_n thither_o it_o lie_v upon_o a_o great_a lake_n equal_a almost_o for_o bigness_n to_o that_o of_o mexico_n and_o be_v about_o seven_o league_n distant_a from_o pascuar_n towards_o the_o east_n 4_o st._n michael_n a_o good_a town_n forty_o league_n westward_o of_o mexico_n and_o in_o the_o way_n to_o the_o zacatecas_n but_o lie_v in_o a_o road_n that_o be_v somewhat_o dangerous_a be_v not_o a_o little_a infest_a with_o savage_n on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o 5._o st._n philip_n 6._o la_fw-fr conception_n de_fw-fr salaya_n 17_o league_n distant_a from_o valladolid_n and_o a_o convenient_a stage_n for_o traveller_n be_v indeed_o with_o the_o two_o last_o mention_v build_v chief_o for_o the_o defence_n and_o secure_n of_o the_o country_n against_o the_o savage_n 7._o guaxanato_fw-it a_o town_n on_o the_o border_n of_o panuco_n where_o there_o be_v very_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n 8._o leon_n another_o town_n likewise_o of_o very_o rich_a mine_n twenty_o four_o league_n distant_a from_o valladolid_n and_o threescore_o from_o mexico_n 9_o zamorra_n 10._o villa_n de_fw-fr los_fw-es lagos_n and_o other_o towards_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v 1._o acatlan_n but_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o coast_n and_o a_o small_a town_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o safe_a and_o very_a good_a harbour_n which_o it_o have_v for_o ship_v a_o place_n of_o no_o little_a trade_n 2._o natividad_n another_o well_o know_v and_o convenient_a haven_n upon_o mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n pertain_v to_o this_o province_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o usual_o set_v sail_v for_o the_o philippine_n island_n 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr bvena_fw-es speranza_n so_o call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n perhaps_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o good_a pearl_n they_o find_v upon_o this_o coast_n 4._o colyma_n 5._o zacatula_n and_o some_o other_o this_o province_n as_o we_o say_v be_v at_o first_o a_o distinct_a kingdom_n of_o itself_o yet_o subordinate_a and_o tributary_n to_o that_o of_o mexico_n the_o king_n whereof_o name_v tamgaivan_n bimbicha_n as_o laet_n report_v at_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o spaniard_n thither_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o mexico_n voluntary_o submit_v himself_o to_o they_o and_o be_v baptize_v nevertheless_o afterward_o upon_o a_o pretence_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o treason_n intend_v by_o he_o against_o they_o and_o which_o the_o spanish_a writer_n themselves_o profess_o think_v to_o have_v be_v feign_a by_o command_n of_o nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr gusman_n precedent_n of_o the_o chancery_n of_o mexico_n he_o be_v most_o inhumane_o burn_v alive_a and_o the_o spaniard_n seize_v upon_o his_o kingdom_n 9_o mexicana_n special_o so_o call_v be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o west_n with_o mechoacan_a on_o the_o north_n with_o panuco_n and_o some_o part_n of_o new-gallicia_a and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o tlascalla_n so_o call_v from_o mexico_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n and_o of_o all_o america_n beside_o a_o large_a and_o rich_a country_n contain_v not_o much_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n both_o in_o length_n and_o breadth_n and_o if_o it_o yield_v any_o thing_n to_o peru_n in_o the_o plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o much_o excel_v it_o in_o many_o other_o commodity_n as_o namely_o in_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n abundance_n of_o cattle_n plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o grain_n in_o all_o which_o the_o advantage_n which_o this_o country_n have_v not_o only_o of_o peru_n but_o of_o all_o the_o other_o province_n of_o america_n beside_o be_v well_o know_v not_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o great_a plenty_n and_o variety_n of_o good_a fish_n which_o both_o the_o river_n and_o lake_n of_o this_o country_n afford_v which_o be_v very_o great_a insomuch_o that_o the_o very_a tribute_n of_o the_o one_o lake_n of_o mexico_n be_v say_v to_o yield_v a_o income_n of_o above_o twenty_o thousand_o crown_n yearly_a one_o with_o another_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o industrious_a and_o active_a especial_o since_o the_o spaniard_n come_v among_o they_o rich_a merchant_n if_o they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o it_o and_o they_o say_v likewise_o good_a soldier_n when_o they_o be_v train_v and_o employ_v that_o way_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n of_o the_o province_n be_v 1._o mexico_n both_o ancient_o and_o at_o present_a the_o metropolis_n and_o capital_a city_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o viceroy_n and_o chief_a governor_n of_o new-spain_n former_o it_o stand_v like_o another_o venice_n upon_o the_o water_n be_v build_v upon_o certain_a island_n within_o the_o lake_n and_o interlace_v in_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o it_o with_o divers_a pleasant_a current_n both_o of_o fresh_a and_o salt_a water_n but_o the_o old_a city_n be_v destroy_v by_o cortes_n as_o we_o say_v it_o be_v rebuilt_a by_o he_o more_o upon_o the_o firm_a land_n almost_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o great_a lake_n for_o there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o the_o one_o of_o salt-water_n the_o other_o of_o fresh_a which_o continual_o ebb_v and_o flow_v into_o one_o another_o &_o contain_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o whole_a about_o thirty_o league_n or_o more_o upon_o which_o there_o be_v think_v to_o be_v not_o less_o than_o forty_o or_o fifty_o thousand_o canoas_n or_o little_a boat_n continual_o ply_v from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o
del_fw-it zur_n with_o which_o it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n and_o west_n part_n lie_v otherwise_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o mexicana_n last_o speak_v of_o and_o that_o of_o guaxata_n which_o follow_v contain_v in_o length_n viz._n from_o one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o not_o much_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o league_n and_o in_o some_o place_n fourscore_o in_o breadth_n but_o towards_o the_o south-sea_n grow_v much_o narrow_a it_o be_v a_o country_n exceed_o plentiful_a both_o of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n full_a of_o rich_a pasturage_n and_o so_o plentiful_o store_v with_o maiz_n some_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n that_o it_o be_v count_v as_o it_o be_v the_o granary_n of_o america_n the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n when_o the_o spaniard_n first_o land_v among_o they_o live_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o free_a state_n refuse_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o mexico_n with_o who_o they_o have_v almost_o continual_a war_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n as_o have_v be_v say_v assist_v cortes_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o without_o who_o help_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a he_o have_v never_o be_v able_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n they_o enjoy_v therefore_o many_o special_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n more_o than_o other_o american_n do_v they_o pay_v no_o tribute_n but_o only_o a_o handful_n of_o wheat_n yearly_a for_o every_o person_n in_o way_n of_o acknowledgement_n and_o otherwise_o live_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o spaniard_n whole_o in_o the_o form_n of_o their_o ancient_a government_n the_o whole_a province_n be_v say_v to_o contain_v two_o hundred_o good_a town_n and_o burrough_n and_o more_o than_o one_o thousand_o village_n all_o of_o they_o exceed_o populous_a and_o suppose_v to_o contain_v in_o the_o whole_a above_o a_o million_o and_o half_a of_o native_n beside_o spaniard_n who_o have_v some_o few_o colony_n in_o the_o country_n for_o secure_v of_o it_o the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o province_n be_v 1._o tlascalla_n itself_o which_o denominate_v the_o whole_a country_n as_o the_o metropolis_n of_o it_o it_o be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o commodious_o seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o large_a and_o fertile_a campaign_n of_o threescore_o mile_n in_o compass_n it_o consist_v of_o four_o large_a and_o beautiful_a street_n or_o quarter_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o where_o they_o all_o meet_v have_v a_o piazza_n or_o market_n place_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o mexico_n and_o able_a to_o receive_v twenty_o or_o thirty_o thousand_o person_n convenient_o to_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o it_o 2._o puebla_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la angeles_n or_o the_o city_n of_o angel_n a_o town_n build_v by_o sebastian_n ramirez_n a_o churchman_n and_o he_o that_o be_v the_o first_o precedent_n or_o chief_a governor_n of_o mexico_n under_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n it_o be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1531_o almost_o in_o the_o road_n way_n from_o vera_fw-la crux_fw-la to_o mexico_n and_o seat_v in_o a_o very_a delicate_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o of_o a_o good_a air_n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o value_v at_o twenty_o thousand_o ducat_n of_o yearly_a rent_n the_o city_n itself_o suppose_v to_o contain_v about_o fifteen_o hundred_o family_n where_o there_o be_v abundance_n of_o excellent_a cloth_n make_v and_o for_o fineness_n not_o yield_v to_o the_o best_a of_o spain_n 3._o zempoallan_n seat_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n 4._o napaluca_fw-la 5._o guaxacingo_n all_o of_o they_o great_a and_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o native_n 6._o segura_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n a_o spanish_a town_n build_v by_o cortes_n present_o upon_o the_o conquest_n of_o mexico_n for_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o confine_n as_o the_o name_n import_v 7._o vera_fw-la crux_fw-la a_o town_n build_v by_o cortes_n and_o his_o companion_n at_o their_o first_o land_n and_o where_o afterward_o by_o a_o stratagem_n and_o out_o of_o a_o resolution_n either_o to_o conquer_v or_o die_v in_o the_o country_n he_o cause_v all_o his_o ship_n to_o be_v burn_v that_o his_o soldier_n may_v not_o so_o much_o as_o think_v of_o return_v back_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o town_n be_v at_o first_o build_v five_o or_o six_o league_n up_o within_o land_n but_o the_o place_n be_v find_v not_o to_o be_v so_o healthful_a the_o inhabitant_n in_o a_o short_a time_n desert_v it_o and_o seat_v themselves_o upon_o a_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n right_o over_o against_o st._n john_n d'ullua_n 8._o medellin_n another_o spanish_a town_n build_v likewise_o by_o cortes_n in_o memory_n of_o his_o own_o birth_n place_n which_o be_v medellin_n a_o small_a town_n of_o estramedura_n a_o province_n of_o spain_n last_o st._n john_n d'ullua_n a_o note_a and_o the_o most_o usual_a port_n to_o all_o this_o province_n and_o likewise_o to_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n itself_o from_o the_o north_n sea_n but_o of_o difficult_a entrance_n especial_o to_o such_o as_o be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o passage_n or_o want_v guide_n by_o reason_n of_o certain_a rock_n and_o quicksand_n wherewith_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n be_v say_v to_o be_v bar_v but_o within_o the_o station_n be_v more_o safe_a it_o have_v likewise_o two_o strong_a bulwark_n or_o fort_n raise_v on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o entrance_n one_o to_o defend_v the_o passage_n 11._o guaxata_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n on_o the_o south_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o east_n jucatan_n and_o chiapa_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o province_n of_o guatimala_n on_o the_o west_n tlascalla_n the_o country_n extend_v itself_o upon_o the_o south_n sea_n about_o a_o hundred_o league_n in_o length_n but_o from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o border_n of_o tlascalla_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o eastward_o not_o above_o half_a so_o much_o have_v a_o good_a air_n and_o a_o soil_v no_o less_o fruitful_a especial_o in_o mulberry_n tree_n and_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o silk_n which_o the_o country_n afford_v more_o than_o any_o other_o province_n of_o america_n beside_o nor_o be_v it_o less_o rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o river_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n but_o the_o sand_n of_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v tincture_v more_o or_o less_o with_o that_o yellow_a metal_n it_o yield_v likewise_o great_a plenty_n of_o cassia_n and_o cocchinele_n two_o rich_a commodity_n and_o the_o people_n general_o if_o they_o will_v take_v pain_n may_v be_v the_o wealthy_a it_o be_v think_v of_o any_o other_o in_o america_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v through_o any_o voluntary_a contempt_n of_o riches_n or_o through_o any_o natural_a sloathfullness_n as_o yet_o they_o seem_v to_o pine_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o plenty_n live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o little_o better_o than_o from_o hand_n to_o mouth_n nevertheless_o exceed_o liberal_a of_o what_o they_o have_v especial_o to_o such_o as_o bear_v the_o habit_n of_o religion_n and_o attend_v the_o service_n of_o their_o soul_n maintain_v in_o a_o plentiful_a and_o good_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v say_v no_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o convent_v of_o religious_a man_n of_o several_a order_n in_o this_o only_a province_n beside_o hospital_n school_n for_o the_o train_n up_o of_o youth_n and_o other_o place_n of_o public_a charity_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o many_o particular_a province_n which_o because_o they_o be_v many_o and_o but_o small_a in_o comparison_n of_o some_o other_o we_o may_v call_v wapentake_n or_o hundred_o rather_o than_o province_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v viz._n 1._o misteca_n 2._o tutepecque_fw-fr 3._o zapoteca_n 4._o guazacoalco_n 5._o gueztaxatla_fw-mi and_o 6._o the_o valley_n of_o guaxata_n from_o whence_o cortes_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o mexico_n have_v his_o title_n give_v he_o by_o the_o emperor_n marquis_n of_o the_o valley_n it_o be_v the_o rich_a and_o most_o pleasant_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n extend_v in_o a_o continue_a tract_n together_o full_a sixteen_o league_n or_o more_o lie_v about_o fourscore_o southward_n of_o mexico_n and_o want_v neither_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n nor_o any_o other_o of_o the_o prime_n and_o best_a commodity_n of_o the_o new-world_n the_o town_n of_o principal_a note_n inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o this_o province_n be_v first_o antequera_n in_o the_o valley_n aforesaid_a a_o stately_a city_n and_o beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a cathedral_n church_n build_v with_o pillar_n of_o the_o fine_a marble_n of_o great_a height_n and_o bigness_n 2._o st._n ildephonso_n 3._o st._n jago_n common_o call_v st._n jago_n of_o the_o valley_n nexatapa_n yet_o be_v itself_o a_o city_n fair_o seat_v upon_o a_o hill_n 4._o del_fw-it spirito_n santo_n a_o town_n build_v
the_o mine_n the_o only_a inconvenience_n which_o the_o country_n seem_v to_o lie_v under_o be_v the_o abundance_n of_o serpent_n or_o snake_n which_o it_o breed_v there_o be_v some_o of_o they_o say_v to_o be_v twenty_o foot_n long_o or_o more_o and_o do_v not_o a_o little_a infest_v the_o native_n who_o yet_o be_v not_o without_o a_o general_a antidote_n or_o remedy_n which_o the_o country_n likewise_o natural_o afford_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o leaf_n of_o some_o of_o their_o tree_n dry_v to_o powder_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o plaster_n of_o sovereign_a efficacy_n as_o it_o be_v say_v against_o their_o venom_n and_o otherwise_o general_o good_a for_o any_o old_a and_o inveterate_a sore_n the_o place_n of_o more_o principal_a note_n in_o this_o country_n inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n be_v 1._o ciudad_o real_a pleasant_o seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o round_a vale_n or_o plain_n and_o almost_o encompass_v with_o hill_n round_o about_o it_o in_o form_n of_o a_o amphitheatre_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o one_o of_o which_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o rest_n the_o city_n be_v build_v it_o be_v a_o city_n special_o privilege_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n of_o a_o pure_a and_o temperate_a air_n and_o the_o country_n about_o plentiful_o abound_v both_o in_o corn_n and_o fruit._n 2._o chiapa_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o valley_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o famous_a if_o but_o for_o one_o of_o its_o prelate_n viz._n bartholomaeus_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr casas_n of_o the_o order_n of_o preacher_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o this_o city_n and_o his_o memory_n just_o precious_a among_o the_o poor_a american_n at_o this_o day_n for_o his_o charity_n towards_o they_o and_o for_o the_o stout_a and_o zealous_a opposition_n which_o he_o make_v against_o the_o spaniard_n cruel_a and_o inhuman_a deal_n with_o the_o native_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o conquest_n by_o which_o at_o last_o notwithstanding_o much_o difficulty_n and_o resistance_n make_v by_o interest_v person_n of_o the_o other_o side_n he_o procure_v they_o liberty_n and_o a_o edict_n from_o the_o emperor_n in_o favour_n of_o they_o whereby_o they_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v free_a people_n and_o not_o slave_n and_o the_o spaniard_n forbid_v to_o use_v they_o any_o long_o as_o such_o or_o to_o force_v they_o to_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n against_o their_o will_n or_o otherwise_o than_o by_o agreement_n with_o they_o which_o liberty_n they_o enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n and_o though_o the_o spaniaiard_n be_v say_v to_o give_v they_o very_o small_a wage_n in_o some_o place_n and_o for_o their_o work_n in_o their_o sugar_n mill_n which_o be_v no_o small_a labour_n not_o above_o five_o royal_n or_o two_o shilling_n six_o penny_n a_o week_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o themselves_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n yet_o by_o reason_n it_o be_v with_o their_o consent_n and_o in_o a_o country_n where_o all_o thing_n be_v plentiful_a and_o cheap_a their_o condition_n be_v much_o better_a than_o it_o be_v and_o the_o favour_n which_o that_o good_a bishop_n do_v they_o never_o to_o be_v forget_v it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o great_a city_n and_o populous_a and_o lie_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n and_o guatimala_n 3._o st._n bartholomew_n 4._o tecpatlan_n and_o some_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o native_n 3._o vera_fw-la paz_n or_o the_o country_n of_o true_a peace_n be_v so_o name_v by_o the_o spaniard_n as_o they_o say_v because_o it_o be_v never_o conquer_v by_o the_o sword_n but_o reduce_v to_o obedience_n only_o by_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o dominican_n friar_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n and_o south-west_n with_o chiapa_n on_o the_o east_n with_o some_o part_n of_o guatimala_n and_o honduras_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o jucatan_n it_o contain_v about_o thirty_o league_n length_n and_o almost_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n be_v a_o woody_a and_o mountainous_a country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n yet_o well_o distinguish_v with_o valley_n and_o low_a ground_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o little_a too_o much_o subject_n to_o rain_n which_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v for_o nine_o month_n of_o the_o year_n almost_o continual_o by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o country_n be_v otherwise_o hot_a be_v much_o anoy_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o mosquit_n or_o great_a sort_n of_o gnatts_n which_o spoil_v the_o fruit_n very_o much_o and_o be_v otherwise_o not_o a_o little_a troublsome_a to_o the_o people_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n be_v first_o a_o kind_n of_o amber_n which_o some_o call_v liquid_a amber_n which_o drop_v from_o divers_a of_o their_o tree_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o commodity_n very_o precious_a and_o of_o much_o use_n mastic_n sazaparilla_n china_n wood_n and_o divers_a other_o medicinal_a wood_n which_o it_o afford_v in_o great_a plenty_n but_o as_o for_o any_o town_n or_o place_n of_o much_o traffic_n or_o note_n inhabit_v by_o the_o spaniard_n i_o find_v not_o any_o name_v save_v only_o st._n augustine_n near_a unto_o which_o there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o cave_n and_o fountain_n within_o ground_n which_o convert_v the_o water_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o out_o of_o several_a lesser_a spring_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o alabaster_n or_o stone_n perfect_o white_a and_o fashion_n it_o likewise_o into_o pillar_n statue_n and_o other_o artificial_a form_n very_o curious_o as_o laet_n report_v 4._o guatimala_fw-mi special_o so_o call_v have_v on_o the_o west_n the_o river_n xicalapa_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o vera_n paz_n on_o the_o east_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o country_n of_o nicaragua_n on_o the_o north_n with_o honduras_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n the_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o neighbourhood_n with_o vera_n paz_n not_o altogether_o clear_a of_o mountain_n but_o otherwise_o well_o water_v with_o rivers_n and_o enrich_v with_o fair_a and_o fruitful_a valley_n which_o afford_v not_o only_o good_a pasturage_n and_o many_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n but_o likewise_o good_a store_n of_o wheat_n maiz_n and_o other_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n great_a plenty_n of_o cotton-wooll_n general_o both_o here_o and_o in_o the_o other_o province_n viz._n of_o vera_n paz_n chiapa_n etc._n etc._n some_o medicinal_a wood_n likewise_o and_o liquor_n and_o absolute_o the_o best_a sulphur_n of_o america_n the_o people_n general_o tractable_a and_o well_o dispoe_v both_o in_o point_n of_o religion_n and_o civil_a government_n the_o town_n of_o chief_n note_n be_v 1._o guatimala_fw-mi otherwise_o call_v st._n jago_n de_fw-fr guatimala_n the_o chief_n city_n of_o the_o province_n situate_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o pleasant_a river_n and_o in_o all_o respect_v convenient_a but_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o two_o vulcan_n as_o they_o call_v they_o at_o the_o west-indies_n that_o be_v of_o certain_a mountain_n which_o cast_v fire_n and_o smoke_n out_o of_o they_o more_o or_o less_o continual_o and_o with_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 1586._o it_o be_v almost_o bury_v with_o ash_n and_o burn_a earth_n which_o the_o one_o of_o they_o for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o month_n together_o continual_v belch_v out_o in_o such_o fearful_a quantity_n that_o many_o people_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o city_n receive_v much_o damage_n by_o it_o there_o be_v many_o of_o these_o vulcan_n in_o several_a part_n of_o america_n as_o namely_o at_o arequipa_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n at_o puebla_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la angeles_n in_o the_o province_n of_o tlascalla_n abovesaid_a a_o mountain_n of_o so_o great_a height_n that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o go_v little_o less_o than_o thirty_o league_n turn_v and_o wind_v before_o they_o can_v reach_v the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o other_o in_o several_a other_o place_n they_o be_v general_o mountain_n of_o great_a height_n and_o run_v sharp_a upward_o but_o at_o the_o top_n contain_v some_o quantity_n of_o plain_a and_o level_a ground_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v the_o pit_n or_o hole_n out_o of_o which_o abundance_n of_o smoke_n and_o fiery_a ash_n be_v vomit_v almost_o continual_o and_o so_o deep_a that_o they_o be_v suppose_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o reach_v to_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o mountain_n some_o of_o these_o vulcan_n cast_v forth_o neither_o fire_n nor_o smoke_n yet_o be_v clear_o see_v to_o burn_v at_o the_o bottom_n with_o a_o quick_a fire_n and_o which_o be_v so_o extreme_o hot_a that_o it_o instant_o melt_v iron_n or_o any_o other_o metal_n that_o be_v cast_v into_o it_o as_o by_o experience_n have_v be_v find_v for_o some_o conceive_v that_o the_o matter_n which_o maintain_v these_o fire_n within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o long_o together_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o melt_v gold_n have_v
spaniard_n at_o least_o and_o twice_o as_o many_o native_n 6._o cusco_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n and_o ancient_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o peru_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o league_n or_o more_o distant_a from_o lima_n to_o the_o southeast_n begird_v round_o about_o with_o mountain_n and_o the_o city_n itself_o seat_v upon_o a_o rugged_a and_o unequal_a soil_n yet_o ancient_o very_o magnificent_a and_o beautiful_a it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o incas_fw-la or_o puruvian_n monarch_n that_o every_o one_o of_o their_o nobility_n shall_v build_v themselves_o a_o palace_n in_o that_o city_n where_o the_o palace_n royal_a be_v the_o incas_fw-la palace_n here_o be_v just_o count_v one_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v build_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o city_n wall_v round_o about_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o with_o three_o several_a wall_n all_o of_o massy_a stone_n and_o those_o of_o such_o huge_a stupendous_a bigness_n yet_o most_o exact_o lay_v together_o and_o fit_v one_o with_o another_o that_o the_o spaniard_n consider_v the_o indian_n have_v neither_o instrument_n of_o iron_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o to_o polish_v and_o fashion_v they_o nor_o engine_n to_o draw_v they_o up_o to_o that_o height_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o cart_n to_o fetch_v they_o from_o the_o quarry_n and_o place_n where_o they_o be_v find_v which_o be_v eight_o or_o nine_o league_n distance_n and_o over_o no_o small_a river_n say_v plain_o it_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o devil_n and_o not_o of_o man_n to_o lay_v they_o there_o which_o seem_v a_o thing_n not_o so_o easy_o to_o be_v suppose_v i_o must_v for_o my_o part_n as_o plain_o confess_v it_o be_v a_o problem_n somewhat_o above_o my_o capacity_n at_o present_a to_o resolve_v viz._n how_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o not_o only_o here_o but_o in_o divers_a other_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o incas_fw-la and_o their_o nobility_n have_v their_o palace_n such_o evident_a monument_n of_o absolute_a art_n and_o skill_n shall_v be_v find_v among_o a_o people_n so_o absolute_o ignorant_a and_o unacquainted_a with_o art_n as_o the_o american_n be_v report_v to_o be_v it_o be_v now_o quite_o demolish_v and_o convert_v to_o private_a dwelling_n only_o the_o wall_n be_v permit_v to_o stand_v as_o well_o to_o testify_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o ancient_a structure_n as_o because_o the_o stone_n thereof_o as_o my_o author_n laet_n report_v be_v so_o huge_o ponderous_a &_o big_a that_o the_o spainards_n know_v not_o well_o how_o to_o remove_v they_o and_o perhaps_o dare_v not_o venture_v upon_o it_o many_o other_o monument_n there_o be_v of_o the_o incas_fw-la magnificence_n &_o greatness_n as_o beside_o their_o temple_n which_o be_v very_o stately_a and_o rich_a those_o public_a cawsey_n or_o highway_n pave_v and_o lay_v with_o stone_n which_o the_o incas_fw-la with_o incredible_a 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otherwise_o in_o due_a proportion_n in_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o nobility_n all_o be_v find_v inestimable_o wealthy_a and_o rich_a and_o yet_o it_o be_v think_v what_o they_o find_v above_o ground_n be_v nothing_o in_o comparison_n of_o that_o which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o ransack_v of_o cellar_n vault_n and_o other_o subterraneous_a place_n where_o the_o poor_a conquer_a peruvian_o have_v endeavour_v to_o convey_v it_o out_o of_o sight_n which_o be_v such_o that_o to_o this_o day_n they_o say_v those_o treasure_n be_v not_o exhaust_v but_o that_o in_o dig_v upon_o occasion_n under_o ground_n they_o still_o chap_v upon_o some_o good_a quantity_n of_o conceal_a metal_n the_o city_n at_o present_a be_v think_v to_o contain_v some_o thirteen_o or_o fourteten_v thousand_o inhabitant_n whereof_o the_o three_o part_n only_a spaniard_n the_o rest_n native_n 7._o st._n francisco_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vittoria_fw-la a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n situate_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o andes_n twenty_o league_n distant_a from_o cusco_n 8._o st._n juan_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la another_o colony_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o caravaya_n neighbour_v with_o rich_a mine_n of_o the_o pure_a gold_n of_o peru._n beyond_o which_o place_n more_o towards_o the_o andes_n there_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v certain_a country_n as_o yet_o undiscovered_a much_o fame_v for_o gold_n mine_n but_o of_o such_o unpassable_a difficulty_n that_o hitherto_o the_o spaniard_n though_o divers_a time_n attempt_v it_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v any_o thing_n answerable_a to_o their_o desire_n 8._o collao_n lie_v southward_o of_o those_o country_n which_o go_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o province_n of_o cusco_n have_v on_o the_o west_n lima_n on_o the_o south_n charcas_n but_o eastward_o and_o to_o the_o north-east_n it_o be_v shut_v up_o by_o a_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n run_v in_o one_o body_n or_o continue_a tract_n from_o the_o confine_n of_o collao_n as_o far_o as_o the_o city_n of_o cusco_n where_o they_o divide_v the_o country_n general_o plain_a commodious_o water_v in_o all_o part_n with_o fresh_a river_n and_o consequent_o afford_v rich_a pasturage_n and_o good_a herd_n of_o cattle_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o most_o populous_a country_n of_o all_o peru_n what_o through_o the_o soundness_n and_o good_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n what_o through_o the_o richness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n of_o note_n in_o it_o be_v 1._o chuquinga_fw-mi a_o great_a town_n and_o hold_v to_o be_v natural_o almost_o impregnable_a as_o be_v environ_v round_o about_o either_o with_o deep_a unfordable_a water_n or_o with_o mountain_n unpassable_a and_o have_v one_o only_o causeway_n lead_v to_o it_o report_v to_o be_v for_o two_o or_o three_o league_n together_o no_o broad_a than_o to_o permit_v one_o single_a person_n to_o march_v convenien_o upon_o it_o 2._o ayavire_n by_o the_o spaniard_n call_v las_n sepulturas_fw-la be_v a_o place_n especial_o ennoble_v by_o the_o stately_a monument_n of_o the_o peruvian_n nobility_n which_o be_v find_v there_o 3._o hatuncolla_n the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a town_n of_o this_o province_n seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n caravaya_n who_o sand_n be_v very_o much_o fame_v for_o gold_n 4._o chinquita_fw-la a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o titicaca_fw-la one_o of_o the_o great_a lake_n that_o belong_v to_o america_n say_v to_o be_v fourscore_o league_n in_o compass_n have_v many_o small_a island_n in_o it_o of_o a_o good_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n abound_v in_o fish_n and_o variety_n of_o seafowl_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v fourscore_o league_n distant_a likewise_o from_o the_o south_n sea_n have_v only_o one_o estuary_n or_o mouth_n which_o be_v something_o strait_o but_o of_o such_o a_o deep_a water_n and_o violent_a stream_n that_o as_o acosta_n testify_v of_o it_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o build_v a_o bridge_n of_o stone_n or_o timber_n over_o it_o but_o the_o native_n instead_o thereof_o have_v lay_v a_o bridge_n of_o straw_n upon_o it_o which_o serve_v as_o well_o viz._n so_o many_o great_a bundle_n of_o straw_n sedge_n or_o such_o like_a matter_n well_o and_o sure_o make_v up_o and_o fasten_v together_o as_o will_v reach_v from_o one_o side_n or_o bank_n of_o the_o estuary_n to_o another_o at_o which_o likewise_o have_v make_v they_o sure_o they_o cast_v some_o good_a quantity_n of_o more_o straw_n and_o sedge_n upon_o they_o and_o have_v a_o bridge_n very_o convenient_a upon_o which_o they_o do_v both_o secure_o pass_v themselves_o and_o also_o drive_v cattle_n and_o do_v other_o necessary_a business_n the_o town_n be_v a_o place_n of_o extraordinary_a wealth_n and_o trade_n and_o so_o considerable_a that_o the_o governor_n thereof_o be_v always_o name_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n himself_o
of_o which_o likewise_o but_o a_o small_a portion_n be_v yet_o discover_v and_o less_o possess_v the_o portughese_n who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o country_n hold_v only_o some_o few_o place_n towards_o the_o sea_n with_o so_o much_o of_o the_o upland_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o can_v use_v leave_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o native_n or_o such_o as_o will_v adventure_v further_o for_o it_o the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o part_n mountainous_a and_o well_o set_v with_o forest_n and_o huge_a wood_n yet_o general_o of_o a_o champaign_n and_o low_a ground_n commodious_o distinguish_v and_o water_v with_o good_a river_n the_o air_n for_o the_o most_o part_n sound_v and_o healthful_a be_v say_v to_o be_v very_o much_o clear_v by_o certain_a fresh_a wind_n from_o the_o southward_n which_o they_o have_v almost_o continual_o all_o along_o upon_o the_o coast_n the_o soil_n will_v be_v admirable_o fruitful_a be_v it_o not_o for_o overmuch_o rain_n to_o which_o especial_o in_o some_o part_v the_o country_n be_v subject_a nevertheless_o it_o be_v wonderful_o plenteous_a and_o abound_v with_o sugarcane_n more_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o america_n beside_o the_o portughese_n here_o have_v their_o ingenios_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o sugar-mill_n up_o and_o down_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n with_o many_o thousand_o of_o slave_n work_v in_o they_o which_o be_v bring_v they_o yearly_o out_o of_o guiny_n congo_n and_o other_o part_n of_o africa_n and_o it_o be_v a_o merchandise_n doubtless_o of_o huge_a profit_n to_o they_o the_o portughese_n be_v suppose_v to_o transport_v one_o year_n with_o another_o only_a out_o of_o brasil_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o arrobe_n of_o fine_a sugar_n every_o arrobe_n contain_v twenty_o five_o bushel_n as_o some_o say_v of_o english_a measure_n there_o be_v likewise_o great_a quantity_n of_o that_o red_a wood_n which_o they_o common_o call_v brasil-wood_n so_o much_o use_v both_o in_o england_n and_o other_o part_n for_o die_v of_o cloth_n the_o tree_n of_o this_o wood_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o such_o incredible_a bigness_n that_o whole_a family_n of_o the_o native_n live_v upon_o or_o within_o a_o arm_n of_o they_o and_o they_o be_v a_o principal_a stowage_n and_o refuge_n for_o they_o when_o the_o land_n be_v overflow_v with_o water_n as_o at_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n it_o happen_v to_o be_v and_o that_o unexpected_o on_o the_o sudden_a this_o country_n be_v another_o africa_a abound_v with_o variety_n of_o many_o strange_a and_o prodigious_a creature_n more_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o new-world_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o author_n especial_o laet_n lib._n 15._o cap._n 5._o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o native_n general_o no_o less_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a go_v for_o the_o most_o part_n naked_a eat_v mans-flâ—sh_a the_o man_n cruel_a to_o extremity_n and_o the_o woman_n as_o wanton_a and_o immodest_a both_o of_o they_o especial_o more_o towards_o the_o 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field_n both_o towards_o the_o east_n north_n and_o south_n westward_o it_o overlook_v a_o little_a wood_n or_o forest_n and_o be_v neighbour_v they_o say_v with_o very_o rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n in_o the_o mountain_n pernapiacaba_n six_o or_o seven_o league_n distant_a 6._o st._n philip_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o iniambis_n a_o fair_a river_n of_o this_o country_n the_o prefecture_n of_o rio_n de_fw-fr janeiro_n a_o district_n of_o this_o country_n once_o hold_v by_o the_o french_a but_o take_v from_o they_o by_o the_o portughese_n in_o the_o year_n 1558_o and_o all_o the_o french_a put_v to_o the_o sword_n it_o have_v these_o town_n 1._o colignia_fw-la so_o name_v from_o that_o famous_a huguenot_n gaspar_n coligni_n admiral_n of_o france_n by_o who_o assistance_n and_o encouragement_n chief_o it_o have_v be_v people_v by_o the_o french_a be_v seat_v on_o a_o bay_n of_o the_o river_n janeiro_n 2._o st._n sebastian_n a_o town_n build_v by_o the_o portughese_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o say_a bay_n and_o fortify_v with_o four_o strong_a bulwork_n 3._o angra_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la reyes_n twelve_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n sebastian_n westward_o beside_o some_o burrough_n of_o the_o native_n very_o populous_a but_o neither_o strong_a nor_o fortify_v the_o prefecture_n del_fw-it spirito_n santo_n one_o of_o the_o most_o fertile_a prefectship_n of_o all_o brasil_n plentiful_o store_v with_o cotton-wooll_n water_v with_o excellent_a river_n especial_o that_o which_o they_o call_v parayba_n of_o a_o large_a stream_n and_o full_a of_o good_a fish_n the_o prefecture_n itself_o be_v not_o very_o large_a as_o have_v one_o only_a town_n of_o note_n in_o it_o inhabit_v by_o the_o portughese_n call_v likewise_o spirito_n santo_n but_o it_o have_v two_o hundred_o family_n at_o least_o in_o it_o and_o a_o very_a safe_a and_o commodious_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o three_o or_o four_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n the_o prefecture_n of_o puerto_n seguro_fw-la fifty_o league_n more_o to_o the_o north_n of_o spirito_n santo_n have_v these_o towm_n viz._n 1._o puerto_n seguro_fw-la itself_o seat_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o rock_n or_o cliff_n towards_o the_o sea_n side_n where_o it_o command_v the_o haven_n and_o contain_v in_o it_o about_o two_o hundred_o family_n of_o portughese_n 2._o sta._n crux_fw-la three_o league_n distant_a from_o puerto_n seguro_fw-la 3._o amaro_n or_o st._n omars_n in_o america_n once_o a_o rich_a town_n and_o well_o trade_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o sugarcane_n which_o the_o country_n afford_v but_o since_o desert_v as_o some_o say_v by_o the_o portughese_n not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o place_n and_o their_o trade_n against_o the_o savage_n thereabouts_o who_o have_v kill_v &_o likewise_o eat_v most_o of_o the_o slave_n at_o their_o sugar-farm_n in_o the_o country_n seem_v to_o threaten_v no_o less_o to_o themselves_o the_o prefecture_n do_v ilheos_n as_o the_o portughese_n call_v it_o either_o from_o certain_a island_n which_o lie_v before_o it_o or_o from_o the_o principal_a town_n call_v ilheos_n seat_v upon_o a_o convenient_a bay_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n about_o thirty_o league_n distant_a from_o puerto_n seguro_fw-la to_o the_o north._n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o hundred_o or_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o family_n of_o portughese_n in_o it_o and_o a_o few_o league_n from_o it_o more_o within_o land_n a_o lake_n of_o ten_o or_o twelve_o league_n in_o compass_n well_o store_v with_o good_a fish_n especial_o those_o call_v manati_n a_o dainty_a fish_n for_o meat_n as_o have_v be_v say_v and_o so_o big_a that_o as_o laet_n report_v some_o of_o they_o here_o be_v find_v of_o a_o thousand_o or_o eleven_o hundred_o pound_n weight_n and_o sometime_o more_o the_o portughese_n hereabout_o will_v quick_o grow_v rich_a by_o the_o abundance_n of_o sugarcane_n and_o good_a cattle_n which_o the_o
country_n breed_v but_o for_o the_o guaymuri_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o savage_n of_o gigantine_n size_n and_o stature_n as_o they_o say_v much_o more_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a than_o other_o and_o which_o do_v very_o much_o infest_v their_o quarter_n the_o prefecture_n of_o todo_fw-es los_fw-es santos_n in_o english_a all_o saint_n lie_v upon_o a_o goodly_a and_o spacious_a bay_n call_v likewise_o the_o bay_n of_o all_o saint_n thirty_o league_n distant_a from_o do_v ilheos_n abovesaid_a and_o be_v a_o very_a convenient_a and_o safe_a harbour_n for_o ship_v in_o those_o sea_n which_o be_v sometime_o not_o a_o little_a stormy_a and_o tempestuous_a it_o be_v a_o place_n very_o well_o fortify_v and_o especial_o memorable_a for_o a_o brave_a exploit_n perform_v there_o by_o peter_n heynes_n a_o dutch_a man_n and_o admiral_n of_o a_o squadron_n of_o state_n ship_n in_o the_o year_n 1627._o who_o as_o it_o be_v say_v only_o with_o his_o own_o ship_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o company_n not_o be_v able_a to_o follow_v he_o thrust_v into_o a_o fleet_n of_o spaniard_n of_o no_o less_o than_o twenty_o six_o sail_n that_o lie_v at_o anchor_n in_o the_o bay_n and_o have_v sink_v their_o admiral_n take_v all_o the_o rest_n at_o mercy_n and_o carry_v they_o out_o with_o he_o in_o spite_n of_o some_o other_o ship_n that_o lay_v there_o and_o the_o castle_n and_o above_o forty_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n plant_v on_o the_o shore_n their_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n salvador_n build_v on_o a_o little_a hill_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o bay_n it_o be_v a_o wall_a town_n and_o fortify_v with_o no_o less_o than_o three_o strong_a castle_n yet_o surprise_v by_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o year_n 1624._o but_o lose_v again_o the_o next_o year_n follow_v as_o they_o will_v make_v we_o believe_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o some_o of_o their_o own_o company_n the_o prefecture_n of_o fernambuck_n hold_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a and_o best_a of_o the_o country_n both_o for_o tobacco_n sugar_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o brasil_n wood_n which_o be_v yearly_a bring_v from_o thence_o their_o chief_a town_n be_v first_o olinda_n the_o big_a town_n and_o best_a people_v of_o all_o brasil_n contain_v by_o estimation_n above_o two_o thousand_o person_n portughese_n not_o reckon_v ecclesiastic_n and_o religious_a man_n into_o the_o number_n of_o which_o yet_o there_o be_v many_o it_o lie_v towards_o the_o sea_n side_n but_o upon_o such_o a_o uneven_a ground_n that_o it_o be_v not_o apt_a to_o be_v fortify_v otherwise_o then_o it_o be_v by_o nature_n neither_o be_v the_o haven_n so_o great_a as_o a_o town_n of_o such_o trade_n will_v require_v yet_o be_v it_o fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n and_o some_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n the_o castle_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o suburb_n along_o the_o coast_n be_v surprise_v by_o the_o english_a under_o captain_n lancaster_n in_o the_o year_n 1595_o and_o a_o rich_a prize_n of_o the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o brasil_n and_o india_n bring_v from_o thence_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1630_o the_o town_n itself_o castle_n and_o all_o take_v by_o the_o dutch_a who_o thereupon_o become_v master_n of_o this_o whole_a prefecture_n which_o they_o hold_v for_o many_o year_n together_o against_o the_o spaniard_n but_o have_v since_o lose_v it_o whole_o again_o to_o the_o portughese_n 2._o garasa_n five_o league_n distant_a from_o olinda_n a_o small_a town_n but_o hold_v likewise_o some_o little_a commerce_n with_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o river_n upon_o which_o it_o stand_v 3._o amatta_n de_fw-fr brasil_n 4._o san._n lorenzo_n and_o some_o other_o village_n the_o prefecture_n of_o tamaraca_n so_o call_v from_o a_o little_a island_n lie_v before_o it_o and_o part_n of_o its_o precinct_n it_o be_v count_v the_o first_o that_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a prefectship_n of_o brasil_n have_v otherwise_o nothing_o in_o it_o that_o be_v very_o considerable_a save_v only_o a_o good_a haven_n or_o port_n with_o a_o castle_n for_o the_o security_n and_o command_n of_o it_o hold_v to_o be_v impregnable_a the_o prefecture_n of_o parayba_n so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o province_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n s_o domingo_n and_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o bay_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o ship_n of_o good_a burden_n come_v up_o even_o close_o to_o the_o town_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o above_o five_o hundred_o portughese_n a_o wall_a town_n and_o likewise_o fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n upon_o cape_n delo_n near_o adjoin_v to_o it_o the_o prefecture_n of_o rio_n grande_n or_o the_o great_a river_n a_o small_a precinct_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o rio_n grande_n where_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v once_o possess_v by_o the_o french_a about_o the_o year_n 1597_o who_o be_v out_v by_o the_o portughese_n and_o the_o place_n fortify_v both_o against_o they_o and_o the_o savage_n with_o a_o castle_n which_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o year_n 1631_o find_v a_o impregnable_a piece_n and_o too_o hard_o for_o they_o and_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v not_o much_o in_o the_o whole_a prefectship_n that_o seem_v memorable_a the_o prefecture_n of_o siara_n in_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v as_o little_a that_o be_v no_o town_n of_o note_n only_o a_o castle_n and_o some_o few_o house_n for_o those_o that_o attend_v the_o gather_n of_o cotton-wooll_n some_o crystal_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n which_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o afford_v the_o prefecture_n of_o maragnon_n this_o be_v a_o island_n lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n maragnon_n in_o the_o further_a part_n of_o brasil_n northward_o the_o soil_n exceed_o fruitful_a if_o there_o be_v any_o body_n to_o manure_v and_o husband_n it_o afford_v plenty_n of_o maiz_n natural_o and_o a_o certain_a other_o root_n which_o the_o savage_n call_v mariot_n and_o use_v likewise_o for_o bread_n great_a store_n of_o cotton-wooll_n sugarcane_n saffron_n with_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o tobacco_n not_o without_o some_o balm_n and_o amber_n water_v with_o many_o fresh_a river_n and_o spring_n well_o wooded_a both_o for_o timber_n and_o fuel_n and_o the_o air_n so_o exceed_o temperate_a and_o agreeable_a that_o no_o people_n in_o the_o world_n be_v general_o long_o live_v than_o those_o of_o this_o island_n be_v otherwise_o very_o strong_a and_o able_a of_o body_n healthful_a of_o constitution_n never_o bald_a and_o the_o woman_n so_o fruitful_a and_o lusty_a that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o bear_v child_n many_o of_o they_o at_o seventy_o or_o eighty_o year_n of_o age_n the_o man_n very_o curious_a in_o the_o feather_n work_v of_o america_n and_o not_o a_o little_a industrious_a in_o the_o manufacture_n of_o cotton-wooll_n it_o lie_v some_o few_o degree_n southward_o of_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o contain_v not_o in_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n above_o fifty_o or_o threescore_o league_n at_o most_o the_o french_a be_v once_o master_n of_o it_o viz._n about_o the_o year_n 1612_o when_o they_o build_v the_o strong_a fort_n call_v st._n lewis_n upon_o the_o principal_a bay_n or_o port_n belong_v to_o the_o island_n and_o plant_v twenty_o two_o good_a piece_n of_o ordinance_n upon_o it_o and_o by_o the_o pain_n of_o some_o religious_a man_n among_o they_o begin_v to_o do_v much_o good_a upon_o the_o native_n by_o reduce_v they_o to_o civility_n and_o good_a manner_n and_o instruct_v they_o in_o the_o true_a knowledge_n of_o god_n and_o of_o christian_a religion_n but_o be_v soon_o after_o viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1614_o drive_v out_o by_o the_o portughese_n under_o the_o command_n of_o hierom_n de_fw-fr albuquerque_n who_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o island_n against_o they_o and_o the_o native_n that_o take_v their_o part_n build_v those_o other_o two_o fort_n which_o be_v call_v st._n maries_n and_o st._n francis_n and_o likewise_o two_o town_n more_o within_o the_o island_n which_o he_o found_v and_o people_v name_v the_o one_o of_o they_o st._n andrew_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o st._n james_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o last_o the_o prefecture_n of_o para._n this_o be_v the_o most_o northerly_a part_n of_o brasil_n border_v upon_o guiana_n so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n para_n which_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o upon_o which_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o upon_o raise_a ground_n the_o portughese_n have_v build_v a_o very_a strong_a castle_n well_o wall_v on_o all_o side_n save_v only_o towards_o the_o river_n where_o it_o be_v plant_v with_o ordinance_n it_o be_v build_v in_o a_o quadrangular_a form_n and_o have_v at_o least_o 300_o person_n of_o the_o portughese_n nation_n beside_o the_o garrison_n soldier_n belong_v to_o it_o who_o
endeavour_v several_a time_n to_o extract_v and_o draw_v it_o forth_o in_o certain_a vessel_n of_o iron_n and_o brass_n which_o they_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vulcan_n or_o pit_n by_o long_a iron_n chain_n make_v on_o purpose_n but_o as_o we_o say_v the_o extreme_a heat_n and_o force_v of_o the_o fire_n below_o always_o melt_v they_o before_o they_o can_v be_v draw_v up_o again_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v hitherto_o render_v all_o such_o attempt_n frustrate_v 2._o st._n salvador_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o guatimala_n eastward_o and_o seat_v upon_o the_o river_n guacapa_n 3._o acaputla_fw-mi a_o town_n of_o the_o native_n situate_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o say_a river_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o port_n town_n to_o st._n salvador_n 4._o trinidad_n a_o town_n of_o great_a resort_n be_v the_o general_a empory_n and_o place_n of_o traffic_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n betwixt_o the_o people_n of_o new-spain_n and_o peru._n 5._o st._n michael_n two_o or_o three_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o bay_n fonseca_n upon_o the_o south_n sea_n 6._o xeres_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o this_o province_n towards_o the_o border_n of_o nicaragua_n 5._o honduras_n have_v on_o the_o south_n guatimala_fw-mi abovesaid_a on_o the_o west_n a_o certain_a bay_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o call_v goulfo_n dulce_fw-la from_o the_o aboundace_n of_o fresh_a water_n which_o run_v into_o it_o from_o all_o part_n on_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n and_o somewhat_o to_o the_o southeast_n nicaragua_n it_o contain_v in_o length_n viz._n from_o east_n to_o west_n coast_v along_o upon_o the_o sea_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o league_n and_o in_o breadth_n fourscore_o the_o country_n rich_a both_o in_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n be_v say_v to_o be_v very_o much_o advantage_v that_o way_n by_o the_o constant_a overflowing_n of_o the_o river_n which_o it_o have_v very_o many_o about_o michael-mass_n time_n and_o which_o the_o people_n order_n so_o well_o that_o they_o water_n their_o very_a garden_n and_o exceed_o fertilise_v the_o whole_a champaign_n or_o low_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n by_o they_o the_o country_n be_v not_o think_v to_o be_v without_o some_o good_a mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n but_o the_o native_n so_o little_o covetous_a of_o wealth_n and_o the_o spaniard_n it_o seem_v so_o much_o busy_v elsewhere_o that_o as_o yet_o no_o great_a discovery_n have_v be_v make_v save_v only_o about_o gracias_fw-la a_o dios_fw-es and_o some_o few_o other_o place_n where_o there_o be_v good_a mine_n the_o chief_n town_n of_o this_o province_n be_v 1._o new-valladolidt_a ancient_o call_v commayagua_n seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a valley_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n chamalucon_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 2._o gracias_fw-la a_o dios_fw-es thirty_o league_n distant_a from_o valladolidt_n westward_o make_v a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n by_o gabriel_n de_fw-fr roias_n in_o the_o year_n 1530_o for_o defence_n of_o the_o mine_n thereabouts_o against_o some_o savage_n that_o be_v not_o then_o reduce_v 3._o san_n pedro_n a_o place_n of_o great_a wealth_n and_o traffic_n and_o the_o usual_a residence_n of_o the_o farmour_n of_o the_o king_n custom_n for_o this_o province_n 4._o puerto_n de_fw-fr cavallos_n ten_o league_n distant_a from_o san_n pedro_n so_o call_v from_o the_o abundance_n of_o horse_n which_o in_o a_o great_a tempest_n and_o storm_n at_o sea_n the_o spaniard_n be_v force_v to_o cast_v over_o board_n at_o this_o place_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o note_a havens_n of_o these_o part_n and_o natural_o strong_a yet_o so_o ill_o guard_v former_o that_o the_o english_a twice_o pillage_v it_o viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1591._o under_o captain_n newport_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1596_o under_o captain_n shirley_n what_o the_o state_n of_o it_o at_o present_a be_v i_o can_v say_v only_o that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a inlet_n into_o a_o rich_a country_n 5._o st._n thomas_n de_fw-fr castille_n eighteen_o league_n distant_a from_o cavallos_n another_o strong_a place_n and_o to_o which_o they_o say_v the_o colony_n of_o puerto_n cavallas_n be_v late_o transpote_v 6._o truxillo_n a_o town_n pleasant_o seat_v betwixt_o two_o river_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o mountain_n not_o far_o from_o the_o cape_n de_fw-fr honduras_n which_o at_o this_o town_n first_o begin_v to_o show_v itself_o run_v far_o out_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o the_o shore_n still_o withdraw_v itself_o as_o it_o be_v more_o inward_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o this_o province_n till_o it_o join_v with_o jucatan_n there_o be_v make_v a_o very_a spacious_a and_o goodly_a bay_n call_v common_o the_o bay_n of_o honduras_n otherwise_o golfo_n dulce_fw-la as_o we_o say_v have_v many_o good_a and_o secure_a station_n for_o ship_v 7._o st._n george_n the_o olancho_a so_o call_v from_o the_o valley_n of_o olancho_a in_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v a_o rich_a part_n of_o the_o country_n both_o in_o mine_n and_o otherwise_o insomuch_o that_o the_o governor_n of_o this_o province_n and_o these_o of_o nicaragua_n more_o than_o once_o fight_v for_o the_o possession_n of_o it_o in_o the_o field_n and_o it_o be_v some_o time_n before_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n can_v determine_v the_o controversy_n betwixt_o they_o 6._o nicaragua_n be_v a_o country_n of_o this_o province_n border_v northward_o with_o honduras_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n and_o part_n of_o veragua_n on_o the_o south_n with_o mare_n deal_v zur_a and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o guatimala_n be_v call_v by_o some_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o leon._n it_o have_v few_o river_n in_o it_o the_o want_n whereof_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o great_a lake_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n laguna_n de_fw-fr nicaragua_n contain_v as_o be_v suppose_v above_o one_o hundred_o in_o league_n compass_v it_o emptye_v itself_o by_o the_o port_n of_o st._n juan_n into_o the_o atlantic_a or_o north_n sea_n but_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o south_n or_o mare_n deal_v zur_n at_o least_o within_o a_o very_a few_o league_n and_o from_o whence_o some_o spanish_a captain_n be_v say_v to_o have_v make_v a_o passage_n though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n into_o the_o lake_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o north_n sea_n it_o be_v abundant_o well_o store_v with_o good_a fish_n but_o withal_o much_o haunt_v with_o crocodile_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o so_o plentiful_a in_o all_o thing_n especial_o cattle_n cotten-wooll_n sugar_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o fruit_n that_o the_o spaniard_n common_o call_v it_o mahomet_n paradise_n the_o people_n say_v to_o be_v the_o most_o hispaniolized_a of_o all_o other_o american_n since_o the_o conquest_n both_o in_o behaviour_n apparel_n manner_n etc._n etc._n the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o leon_n de_fw-fr nicaragua_n a_o bishop_n sea_n 2._o granada_n both_o of_o they_o seat_v upon_o the_o lake_n very_o commodious_o yet_o distant_a one_o from_o the_o other_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o league_n at_o least_o 3._o segovia_n thirty_o league_n distant_a from_o granada_n have_v some_o vein_n of_o silver_n about_o it_o 4._o jaen_fw-la a_o town_n almost_o at_o the_o end_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o lake_n from_o whence_o by_o a_o long_a channel_n of_o about_o three_o or_o four_o league_n it_o disembogue_n or_o empti_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o port_n st._n juan_n 5._o realeio_fw-la this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chattam_n of_o america_n be_v a_o place_n on_o the_o south-sea_n where_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v all_o his_o ship_n build_v that_o be_v build_v of_o american_n timber_n and_o inhabit_v by_o few_o or_o none_o but_o shipwright_n mariner_n and_o man_n of_o that_o profession_n 6._o nicoya_n a_o town_n that_o give_v name_n to_o a_o little_a territory_n which_o some_o reckon_v as_o a_o distinct_a part_n of_o this_o province_n by_o itself_o 7._o avarines_fw-fr 8._o cartago_fw-la forty_o league_n distant_a from_o nicoya_n and_o lie_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o isthmus_n or_o streit_n of_o darien_n equal_o distant_a both_o from_o the_o north_n and_o south_n sea_n on_o both_o which_o it_o be_v say_v likewise_o to_o have_v a_o convenient_a port_n or_o haven_n for_o ship_v 7._o veragua_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o that_o part_n of_o nicaragua_n which_o some_o call_v casta_n ricca_fw-it &_o make_v a_o distinct_a province_n of_o this_o country_n be_v indeed_o a_o very_a wealthy_a part_n of_o it_o on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o district_n or_o country_n of_o panama_n be_v otherwise_o wash_v on_o all_o side_n by_o the_o sea_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o river_n of_o great_a note_n in_o
general_o be_v cover_v with_o thick_a wood_n and_o wild_a forest_n the_o hill-country_n for_o a_o great_a part_n naked_a and_o open_a the_o plain_n in_o many_o place_n sandy_a and_o dry_a and_o will_v be_v much_o more_o scorch_a with_o heat_n than_o they_o be_v but_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o afford_v they_o many_o cool_a gale_n from_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n wind_n who_o property_n although_o it_o be_v natural_o in_o other_o part_n to_o be_v tempestuous_a to_o bring_v rain_n and_o foul_a weather_n yet_o here_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o serenity_n and_o fair_a sunshine_n day_n all_o the_o year_n long_o although_o these_o wind_n blow_v almost_o without_o cease_v upon_o the_o country_n and_o no_o other_o at_o any_o time_n whereas_o the_o sierra_n or_o hill_n country_n have_v wind_n from_o every_o coast_n and_o such_o as_o bring_v all_o sort_n of_o weather_n with_o it_o rain_n hail_o frost_n snow_n great_a clap_n of_o thunder_n etc._n etc._n the_o country_n afford_v not_o so_o much_o cattle_n of_o the_o breed_n of_o europe_n as_o some_o other_o province_n of_o america_n but_o instead_o of_o these_o both_o the_o wood_n and_o pasture_n be_v replenish_v with_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o vicugne_v and_o pacos_n above_o mention_v which_o be_v of_o no_o less_o profit_n &_o service_n the_o pacos_n here_o be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o big_a as_o some_o young_a heifer_n of_o two_o year_n old_a bear_v a_o fleece_n like_o sheep_n and_o their_o flesh_n no_o less_o pleasant_a than_o the_o mutton_n of_o europe_n but_o the_o great_a wealth_n of_o this_o country_n lie_v out_o of_o sight_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n in_o those_o rich_a and_o as_o they_o may_v seem_v inexhaustible_a mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v this_o country_n of_o peru_n afford_v more_o than_o any_o other_o province_n of_o america_n beside_o the_o people_n be_v say_v to_o be_v at_o least_o exterior_o of_o great_a simplicity_n than_o some_o other_o american_n both_o in_o point_n of_o behaviour_n and_o judgement_n yet_o of_o good_a courage_n in_o the_o war_n and_o fearless_a of_o death_n they_o be_v note_v also_o to_o be_v dissembler_n and_o not_o always_o to_o declare_v their_o mind_n true_o and_o plain_o and_o which_o be_v worse_o than_o all_o to_o have_v be_v give_v over_o to_o that_o foul_a sin_n of_o sodomy_n in_o so_o much_o that_o their_o woman_n be_v general_o find_v to_o be_v of_o small_a esteem_n with_o they_o to_o be_v use_v no_o better_a than_o slave_n and_o most_o cruel_o beat_v by_o they_o upon_o every_o light_a occasion_n for_o both_o which_o their_o unnatural_a filthiness_n and_o inhumaninity_n if_o it_o please_v the_o divine_a justice_n to_o deliver_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o who_o use_v they_o likewise_o cruel_o who_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n be_v just_a and_o that_o they_o receive_v such_o recompense_n for_o their_o work_n as_o the_o apostle_n say_v rom._n 1.13_o be_v meet_v the_o country_n be_v general_o divide_v into_o three_o juridical_a resort_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o court_n of_o appeal_n which_o be_v quito_n lima_n and_o charcas_n but_o the_o particular_a province_n as_o they_o be_v common_o observe_v by_o geographer_n say_v to_o be_v six_o viz._n 1._o quito_n 2._o los_fw-la quixos_n 3._o lima._n 4._o cusco_n 5._o charcas_n and_o 6._o collao_n 3._o quito_n be_v the_o first_o province_n of_o peru_n towards_o the_o north_n or_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n with_o which_o on_o that_o side_n it_o be_v bound_v have_v on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o south_n lima_n and_o on_o the_o east_n los_fw-es quixos_n it_o lie_v in_o a_o manner_n right_n under_o the_o line_n the_o soil_n reasonable_o fertile_a and_o well_o store_v with_o cattle_n especial_o with_o the_o pacos_n or_o peruvian_n sheep_n have_v plenty_n also_o of_o fish_n and_o fowl_n good_a store_n of_o cotton-woll_a in_o which_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v especial_o industrious_a make_v a_o cloth_n or_o stuff_v thereof_o equal_a almost_o to_o silk_n for_o fineness_n much_o tobacco_n guaiacum_n sarzaparilla_n and_o other_o medicinal_a plant_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o caranguez_n ancient_o a_o royal_a city_n where_o stand_v a_o sumptuous_a and_o stately_a palace_n of_o the_o king_n of_o peru_n now_o almost_o desert_v 2._o ottavallu_n another_o place_n of_o the_o same_o dignity_n and_o the_o same_o condition_n at_o present_a with_o carangue_n 3._o quito_n common_o call_v s._n francisco_n de_fw-fr quito_n it_o be_v a_o city_n build_v by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o certain_a ridg_z of_o mountain_n which_o it_o have_v on_o the_o north_n and_o north-west_n side_n of_o it_o and_o be_v say_v by_o laet_n to_o cross_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o peru_n quite_o over_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n sea_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o five_o hundred_o family_n of_o spaniard_n at_o least_o beside_o native_n and_o well_o fortify_v and_o may_v be_v think_v a_o town_n very_o well_o seat_v in_o all_o respect_n but_o for_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o vulcan_n which_o at_o time_n annoy_v it_o very_o much_o as_o namely_o in_o the_o year_n 1560_o when_o it_o vomit_v out_o such_o abundance_n of_o flame_a cinder_n and_o other_o sulphurous_a matter_n as_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n unexpected_o fall_v will_v have_v much_o damnify_v if_o not_o destroy_v the_o place_n 4._o tacunga_n fifteen_o league_n distant_a from_o cusco_n 5._o rhiobamba_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o that_o 6._o thomebamba_n 7._o cuenza_n threescore_o and_o four_o league_n from_o quito_n on_o another_o road_n but_o environ_v on_o all_o side_n with_o mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n brass_n iron_n and_o likewise_o some_o vein_n of_o sulphur_n 8._o loxa_n sixteen_o league_n southward_o of_o cuenza_n and_o seat_v pleasant_o betwixt_o two_o river_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o rich_a valley_n or_o plain_n call_v guixibamba_n 9_o zamorra_n twent_o league_n eastward_o of_o loxa_n these_o be_v all_o town_n inhabit_v by_o spaniard_n and_o lie_v more_o within_o land_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n there_o be_v first_o puerto_n vieio_n so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v the_o first_o town_n the_o spaniard_n possess_v on_o this_o continent_n a_o place_n of_o no_o very_a good_a air_n and_o therefore_o not_o much_o frequent_v 2._o mantu_n another_o sea_n town_n and_o of_o good_a resort_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v here_o chief_o drive_v betwixt_o panama_n and_o peru._n 3_o guaiaquil_n or_o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr guaiaquil_n a_o famous_a and_o well_o frequent_v empory_n seat_v upon_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o say_a river_n guaiaquil_n 4._o castro_n a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n towards_o that_o part_n of_o this_o province_n which_o some_o call_v provincia_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr esmauldas_n or_o the_o land_n of_o emerald_n 5._o st._n michael_n the_o first_o colony_n which_o the_o spaniard_n build_v in_o this_o country_n call_v by_o the_o native_n piura_n 6._o payta_n a_o small_a town_n yet_o neighbour_v by_o a_o safe_a and_o well_o frequent_v haven_n guard_v against_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o point_n st._n helena_n on_o the_o north_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o punta_n piura_n yet_o burn_v by_o captain_n cavendish_n in_o the_o year_n 1587._o and_o the_o rich_a island_n puna_n near_o adjoin_v ransack_a and_o pillage_v 4._o los_fw-la quixos_n lie_v south_n and_o to_o the_o southeast_n of_o quito_n be_v border_v more_o direct_o eastward_o with_o a_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o guiana_n call_v by_o some_o el_n dorada_fw-la or_o the_o golden_a country_n on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v lima_n and_o cusco_n of_o the_o country_n itself_o there_o be_v not_o my_o thing_n observe_v that_o may_v seem_v peculiar_a the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o baeza_n build_v in_o the_o year_n 1559_o by_o ramirez_n de_fw-fr avila_n eighteen_o league_n from_o cusco_n 2._o archidona_n twenty_o league_n to_o the_o southeast_n of_o baeza_n 3._o avila_n 4._o sevilla_n del_fw-it oro._n all_o of_o they_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n then_o be_v there_o in_o the_o sierra_n or_o hilly_a part_n of_o the_o country_n more_o towards_o the_o andes_n 1._o valladolidt_n 2._o loyola_n 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr montannas_n all_o colony_n likewise_o that_o you_o may_v know_v the_o country_n have_v something_o in_o it_o worth_a the_o look_v after_o 5._o lima_n call_v also_o los_fw-la reyes_n have_v on_o the_o east_n collao_n and_o some_o part_n of_o cusco_n on_o the_o north_n los_fw-la quixos_n on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n and_o on_o the_o south_n charcas_n the_o country_n extend_v itself_o in_o length_n upon_o