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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09530	Phisicke against fortune, aswell prosperous, as aduerse conteyned in two bookes. Whereby men are instructed, with lyke indifferencie to remedie theyr affections, aswell in tyme of the bryght shynyng sunne of prosperitie, as also of the foule lowryng stormes of aduersitie. Expedient for all men, but most necessary for such as be subiect to any notable insult of eyther extremitie. Written in Latine by Frauncis Petrarch, a most famous poet, and oratour. And now first Englished by Thomas Twyne.; De remediis utriusque fortunae. English	Petrarca, Francesco, 1304-1374.; Twyne, Thomas, 1543-1613.	1579 (1579)	STC 19809; ESTC S114602	539,184	716

of thy libertie forasmuch as bonde men are made so soone not only of free men but of kynges And maruayle not at it seeyng that according to the saying of Plato Kinges are no lesse made of seruauntes humane thynges are chaunged dayly There is nothyng vnder heauen permanent who wyl hope that any thyng can be fyrme or stable in so great an vncertayntie Neyther thynke thy selfe to be a free man in this respect because thou hast no maister because thou art borne of free parentes neyther wast euer taken prysoner in warre nor solde for a slaue Ye haue inuincible maisters of your myndes and there is a secrete poyson and infection whiche lurketh in the first Original of man The generation of you in the very byrth is subiect to sinne a greater bondage then which cannot be imagined Ye haue hydden enemies and priuie warres There be same that sel miserable soules whiche alas for to small a price ye make sale of Yea some of you are subiect to outragious mistresses to wyt most fylthy pleasures whereunto you are tyde with an vndissoluble knot Goe your way now vaunt of your freedome But you beyng blynde see nothyng but that which belongeth to the body so that ye iudge hym to be bounde that is subiect to one mortal maister As for hym that is oppressed with a thousande immortall tyrantes ye accompt to be free euen finely as ye doo all other thynges Veryly it is not fortune that maketh a man free but vertue Ioy. I am a free man. Reason In deede thou art so if thou be wyse yf thou be iust if thou be valiaunt yf thou be modest if thou be innocent yf thou be godly If any of these be wantyng knowe thou that in that respect thou art bonde Ioy. I was borne in a free countrey Reason Thou hast also knowne in thine age certayne free cities which in short tyme haue become bonde But yf auncient examples be more knowne and renowmed the most free cities of Lacedemon and Athens first suffered a ciuil and afterward a forraigne yoke The holy citie of Ierusalem and the mother of euerlastyng libertie was in temperall subiection to the Romanes and the Assyrians and at this present is in captiuitie to the Egyptians Rome it selfe beyng not only a free citie but the Lady of nations was first bond to her owne citizens and after to other most vyle persons so that no man can euer trust to his owne freedome or his owne Empire Of a gloryous Countrey The xv Dialogue IOY I Was borne in a glorious countrey Reason Thou hast the more trauayle to come into the lyght For the smal starres do shyne by nyght and the Star Bootis and the day star lykewyse are dull in comparyson of the beames of the Sunne Ioy. I am a citizen of a famous countrey Reason It is wel if thou be an harborer of vertues and an enimie to vice the one of these proceedeth of fortune the other of thy selfe Ioy. My countrey is fortimate and noble Reason It skilleth much by what nobilitie For a countrey is made noble by the number of inhabitauntes by the aboundaunce of rychesse by the fertilitie of the soyle and the commoditie of situation holsome ayre cleere sprynges the sea nygh safe hauens conuenient riuers A noble countrey is commonly called suche an one as is fruitful of Wyne other commodities as corne cattayle flockes of sheepe heardes of rudder beastes mynes of golde and siluer Ye cal that a good countrey wherein are bread strong Horses fat Oxen tender Ryddes and pleasant fruites But where good men are bred ye neyther enquyre after neyther thynke it woorth the enquiryng so excellent iudges of matters ye be Howbeit only the vertue of the inhabitauntes is the chiefe commendation of a countrey And therfore dyd Virgill very wel who in describyng the Romane glory and felicitie dyd not so muche as touche one of these thynges whiche ye doo only respect but declared the mightinesse of the Citie and Empire and the valiantnesse of the peoples myndes He called them men also happy in respect of theyr chyldren and issue This is the true felicitie and nobilitie of a Citie Ioy. My countrey is famous for good Citizens Reason What if thou thy selfe be obscure But what yf thine owne fame bewray thee and bryng thee out of darknesse and leade thee abroade into the lyght thou shalt then be the sooner noted Ioy. My countrey is very famous Reason Catiline had not ben so infamous vnlesse he had ben borne in so famous a countrey Vnto Gaius and Nero there happened another heape of infamie to wit an Empyre fauour aduaunced the worlds children vnto the top of fortune that they might be the farther knowen Ioy. I lyue in a most noble countrey Reason Eyther sufferyng the contempt or enuie of many For without one of these a man cannot lyue in a great Citie the first is the safer the other the more famous euyl and the noblenesse of the countrey whereof thou speakest is cause of them both Among so many eyes there is no lurkyng Ioy. I am of a well knowen countrey Reason I had rather that thy countrey were knowen by thee then thou by thy countrey vnlesse thou glister of thy selfe what other thing will the brightnesse of thy countrey bring vnto thee but darkenesse A famous Citie hath accompted of many as obscure persons who if they had ben in the darknes of some poore corner of the countrey had been sufficiently famous and noble Ioy. My countrey is renowmed Reason It hath then it owne peculyar commendation and it taketh part also of thyne What so euer thou dooest wel the chiefe prayse thereof redowneth in a maner to thy countrey There was one that went about to ascribe Themistocles glory vnto the citie of Athens who answered very grauely and as it became suche a man to doo For when a certayne felowe called Seriphius an inhabitour of a certayne smal and obscure Ilande in heat of wordes obiected hym in the teeth that it was his countreys glory and not his owne that made hym famous Veryly answered he neyther shoulde I be obscure if I were Seriphius neyther thou be renowmed yf thou were an Athenian He trusted not to the glory of his countrey but to the glory of his owne vertue muche more manlyke then Plato although he were the greater Philosopher Howbeit sometymes in great wits there be great and wonderful errours He therefore among other thinges ascribeth the renowme of his countrey to his felicitie And that thou mayest knowe the whole mynd of this most excellent man in this respect Plato sayd that he gaue thankes for many thynges Truely this was wel sayde if so be that he vnderstood to whom and for what gyftes he should geue thankes He gaue thankes to nature First for making hym a man and not a dumbe beast of the male kind not a woman a Greeke not a Barbarian an Athenian not a Thebane lastly that he was borne in

And therefore Pompeius the great who deuised not only Weares but Empires also not improperly termed this Lucullus the Romane Xerxes that is to say a dygger away of hilles What shal I say of others The first that made Weares for Lampreis was one Curus I know not what he was for notwithstandyng al his Lampreys he is scarse yet knowen whereof he had such plentie that with sixe thousande of them he furnished Iulius Caesars triumphant supper This man had also his imitatours namely Hortentius the oratour of whom we spake before a man that neuer failed in folowyng an example of wantonnes and therefore it falleth out many tymes that your learnyng nothing abateth your madnesse but it neuer bringeth any thyng that a man may woonder at whylest they that haue attayned vnto learnyng thynke that it is lawful for them to doo euery thyng and arrogate muche vnto them selues whiche they durst not if they had not learnyng It is reported therefore that this man had a Weare at the shore of the Baiane coast whereas among other fyshes whiche he had he loued so dearely one certayne Lamprey that he mourned for him when he was dead Beholde a woorthy loue and meete to prouoke so graue a man to teares He that as it is read neyther bewayled the ciuil warres of his tyme nor the proscriptions and slaughter of the Citizens neyther yet woulde haue lamented the ouerthrowe at Cannas yf it had happened in his tyme dyd he weepe for the death of a Lamprey This lightnesse is so great that that whiche is of later dayes must needes be pardoned The age and sexe of Antonia maketh her follie more excusable who is reported not to haue wept for her Lamprey but while he was liuyng to haue decked him foorth with ringes and iewels of golde insomuche that the strangenesse of the sight caused many folkes to repaire to Paulos ▪ for that was the name of the vyllage lying in the Baiane confines There were also Weares of Wylkes and Perewincles and other vanities concernyng fyshes and specially the Pyke of Tibur whiche was taken betweene the two brydges But I haue spoken yenough of other mens errours in whiche the moe thou seest enwrapped the more diligent take thou heede least thou be snared in the lyke neyther doo I nowe forbydde thee the vse of fyshes but only the ouer muche care of vyle and vnnoble thynges Of Cages of byrdes and of speaking and singing byrdes The .lxiiii. Dialogue IOY I Haue shut vp sundry byrdes in a Cage Reason I leaue nowe to woonder at the prysons for fyshes There be some also prouided for byrdes whose dwellyng is the open ayre a more large and wyde countrey Gluttonie hath founde out huntyng it hath founde out fyshing it hath founde out haukyng and it is not sufficient to take them whom nature created free but they be also kept in prysons How muche more seemely and honest were it to enforce the belly to be contented with meates that may be easily gotten and to leaue the wylde beastes to the wooddes and the fyshes to the Sea and the foules to the ayre then to bestowe so much trauel vpon them that yf it were bestowed to catch vertues in this tyme by good studie hauing obteyned them for they wyl not flie away ye might haue planted them within the closet of your myndes from whence they could neyther escape away nor be purloyned Ioy. I haue fylled my Cage with byrdes Reason A thyng nothyng at al necessary and no lesse harde to be founde then difficult to be preserued auncient notwithstandyng whiche aboue a thousand and foure hundred yeeres since one Lelius surnamed Strabo fyrst deuised not that Lelius that was counted the wyse who yf he had founde out byrd cages had lost the tytle of wysedome There be some inuentions that seeme to be profitable and pleasant whiche notwithstandyng become not noble wyttes they that fyrst found out fyshpondes and hyrde Cages what other thyng dyd they respect then theyr bellyes whiche is farre from those that are studious in vertue Ioy. I haue fat Chrushes and Turtle doo●●s in my Cage Reason But not slowe tormentours since thyne appetite beyng prouoked by so many enticements requireth the punyshment of a sicke stomacke Hast thou not hearde the saying of the Satyrical Poet This notwithstanding is a present Punishment when thou puttest of thy clothes being swelling full and cariest thy vndigested Peacocke with thee into the baine He speaketh there of a Peacocke It is a beautiful a famous foule but it is not he alone that pincheth the ouergreedfe panche The delyght of thy belly is but of short tast which in short tyme wil also turne to loathyng vnlesse it be moderated Rawnesse that is not easily disgested is a sicknesse that bryngeth long payne and many tymes death Goe thy wayes nowe and bragge of thy fat Thrushes Turtledooues Ioy. I haue speaking Choughes and Pyes Parrats Reason The Emperour Augustus takyng pleasure in the lyke gaue great summes of money for them that saluted hym conquerous and trimphant Caesar And when afterward there were many other such presented vnto him answered that he had yenough such saluters at home alredy laying there a measure to that vanitie sauyng that the last Crowe with his strange pastyme caused hym selfe to be bought more deare thou were the residue These histories are read in the Saturnalia But what in the naturall Historie of our neighbour of Verona This Crowe that was so docible vsyng to flie out of the Coblers shop where he was most diligently fedde and commyng abrode into the open streete woulde salute Tiberius Caesar and Drusus and Germanicus by name and the whole people of Rome with such admiration and loue of them all that when as a neighbour mooued eyther with enuie or anger had killed hym with great sorowe and griefe of almen the killer was first driuen out of those quarters and afterward stayne by the people and the Crowe with diligent exequies and solemne funeral was taken vp and buried O alwayes vnspeakable madnesse of the people In that citie there was a Crow wept for and buryed and he that kylled him beyng a Citizen of Rome was put to death in whiche Citie neyther Africane the greater had a Sepulchre neyther the lesse a reuenger for that on Gods name this Crowe as I haue sayde saluted the people but these men of whom I speake dyd not salute but procured safetie and glory to the people Thus the speach of Crowes is more acceptable then the vertue of valiant men Let any man nowe deny that it is safe for hym to agree to the peoples iudgement although who so is an vpryght considerer of thinges he wyl not marueyle at the publique contempt wherein worthy men are had since of these woonderers at Crowes and other pratling byrdes diuine voyces and heauenly Oracles are despised Ioy. I haue a faire Parrat Reason This bird forsooth aboue al the residue is notable for his golden chayne vnlesse

since that care appertayneth no longer to thee hereafter Feare I am afeard lest after my decease my wyfe marrie agayne Reason Some there be that marrie their olde husbandes lyuing Thus dyd Herodias among the Hebrewes Sophronisba among the Africanes and Martia and Liuia among the Romanes although their husbandes consent commaundement doo excuse these two last recited wylt thou onely binde thy wyfe from marriage Yea there are but few that lyue faythfully towardes their husbandes wilt thou require that thy wife continue her truth to thy cold senselesse ashes If she haue liued faythful to thee vnto the last day of thy lyfe then hath she accomplyshed the duetie of a true and trustie spouse Feare I am afeard that my wyfe wyl marrie agayne Reason That she first married perhaps thou shouldest haue feared more that belonged to thee but her second marrying shal apperteyne to another But this is your common trade ye contemne the things that ye ought to feare and feare the thynges that ye ought to contemne esteeming of nothyng iustly as ye ought Thou en●redst the combat of the married bed without feare not forethinkyng what danger thou passedst into and art thou afeard now least another should do the like Feare I would not I confesse haue my wyfe marrie agayne Reason For a woman of exact perfecte chastitie I graunt although she be permitted by lawe to marrie agayne yet were it better to abstayne but most of al to eschue perilous widowhood There is moreouer some such tyme occasion that a woman is not onely excused but also enforced to marrie agayne For it is an hard matter for a fayre woman to lyue alone chastly Feare My sweete wyfe wyl marrie another husband Reason There are but fewe women found yea among them that are counted honest that euen whyle their present husbande is lyuing do not determine in their minde who shal be their next My husband say they is a mortal man and yf he chaunce to dye shal I marrie next for vertue or nobilitie or loue or eloquence or bewtie or person sake Feare My wife wyl marrie againe Reason Not thy wyfe verily for death wyl make that she shal not be thine And no merueile though it part man and wyfe whiche dissolueth the bandes whereby the body and soule are knyt togeather Feare My wyfe wyl marrie agayne Reason The wyues of the Romane Captaines and Dukes and Emperours haue also married agayne and therefore take in good part this fortune whiche is common to thee with thine auncetours Feare My wyfe wyl marrie agayne Reason The Romane Captaynes and Prynces did marrie wyddowes also so did the most godly kyng Dauid take to wife two wyddowes that had been the wyues but of meane persons and it may so happen that one greater then thou may marrie thy wyfe vnto whom resigne this carefulnesse seeing thou goest thyther where there is no marrying at all Feare My sweete wyfe wyl marrie another man. Reason If she marrie a better reioyce at her prosperity whom thou louedst But if to a woorse be glad yet for that she wyl thinke more often vpon thee and holde thee more deere For there be many that haue learned to knowe and loue their first husbandes onely by their second marriages Of one dying that is careful what wyl become of his countrey after his deceasse The .cxxix. Dialogue FEARE WHat shal become of my countrey after my death Reason All good men haue but one countrey and all euyl men another take heede nowe into whiche of these two countries thou wilt be admitted a countreyman As for a third countrey there is none but onely an Inne and a place of passage a thoroughfare Feare What wyll become of my countrey Reason That countrey which thou goest vnto continueth alwayes in one estate and this whiche thou now forsakest as I haue oftentymes sayde before is not thy countrey but hath rather been thy place of banishment Feare What wyl my countrey do after my deceasse Reason This is the peculiar care of kynges to thynke what wil become of their kyngdomes dominions after their death the lyke whereof thou readest there rested in the heart of the great king of Assyria or of the most mightie emperour of the Romans This care exceedeth the calling of a priuate person But since nowe euen at thy very ende thou art so affected that thou lust to terme that stoarehouse of miserie and hospital of payne and sorow wherein thou hast passed foorth the swyft tyme of thy lyfe in great trouble aduersitie and heauinesse by the name of thy countrey and art desirous to knowe what it wyl doo I wyl tell thee it wyl do as it dyd and as other countreyes do What is that thou wylt say It wyl be troublesome disquiet dissentious and studious of innouations it wyl followe factions chainge lordes and gouernours alter lawes and both these many tymes for the woorse seldome for the better spurne agaynst the best and most noble subiectes aduaunce the vnwoorthie banishe the well deseruing esteeme of the pillers poullers of the treasurie loue flatterers hate them that speake the trueth contemne the good honour the myghtie woorshyp the enimies of it libertie persecute the defenders of the Commonwealth weepe sometyme and laugh without cause esteeme of golde and precious stones reiect vertue and embrace pleasures these are the manners and state of your Cities and Countreys There is none but may most assuredly prophecie vnto thee of these matters vnlesse he be such an one as hath alwaies led a rurall lyfe or entred into Townes with deafe eares and dimme eyes Feare What wyll befall vnto my Countrey after my deceasse Reason Why art thou carefull and troubled herewith Whatsoeuer hapneth to thy Countrey thy house shal be free from burnyng theeues and ouerthrowing Whether the yeere fall out to be pestilent or els to be deare or plentiful hot or drye haylie snowie or raynie frostie or otherwyse moyst rotten yea the byrdes of the ayre wild beastes of the wooddes the Caterpiller and Chaffer finally earthquakes and raginges of the lea dearth of victualles inuasions of enimies or ciuile warres none of all these are able to touche or concerne thee hereafter Feare O what shal be the estate of my Countrey or to what ende shal it come Reason To what other thinkest thou then that the greatest citie and state that euer was or shal be is come vnto to wit dust ashes rubbysh scattered stones and a name only rem●yning I could prooue this to be true by innumerable argumentes but thou knowest the matter sufficiently To be short there is nothing apperteining vnto man that is euerlasting no worldly thyng permanent but only the soule of man which is immortal Enclosures shal fayle sowed landes shal decay buildinges shall fall downe all thynges shall come to naught and why art thou greeued and vexed in the minde If thou be in heauen thou wylt both dispise this and all other worldly