bee right or no But now wee see often times that even men that have much grace and quick sighted understandings are much in feares of their owne estates and have given themselves for hypocrites unsound yea dead yea damned men reade Psal 88. and there see Heman as a sad instance of such an heavy condition Grace lyeth often so hidden that they that seeke it cannot finde it in themselves p Habitus fidei est secundùm Theologos medium incognitum saepe enim non sentitur Baron apod ad Turneb Tetragon 4. Consult that text Rom. 8.16 The Spirit it selfe beareth witnesse with our spirits that wee are the children of God Besides the streame of Interpreters who give testimony to this testimony of the Spirit let the place it selfe be considered 1 The Text In which there are three things which come in as props to this truth 1 The Spirit witnesseth with our spirits q 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 here are two distinct witnesses our spirits that is our conscience or understanding renewed and Gods Spirit God keepes the course which himselfe appointed that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every thing shall be confirmed 2 The Spirit himselfe r 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 non idem Spiritus qu. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ut Erasm vis Estium sometimes the graces and gifts of the spirit are called the spirit as Iohn 1.15 Acts 6.5 1 Cor. 14.32 Gal. 3.2 But so it is not to be taken here ſ Not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but the spirit in this place is the Holy Ghost himselfe for so it is expressed not the Spirit but the Spirit himselfe t Non modo vox praestiti charismatis sed praestantis illius paracleti Chrys Non solius charismatis vox est sed donantis Spiritus Oecumen the graces of the Spirit are witnesses as every effect is a witnesse of its cause so God left not himselfe without witnesse to the heathen Acts 14.17 but by his workes did declare himselfe so Christ saith his works be are witnesse of him Iohn 5.36 But this is not all the testimony which the Spirit gives to the Saints but himselfe doth it saith the text 3 With our Spirits There is the particular application of the Spirit it is not thus the Spirit witnesseth that those that beleeve are sonnes as if it were onely a testification of the truth of the Gospell but it is thus the Spirit witnesseth with our our spirits that we even we are the Sonnes of God 2 Consider the Context the thing which the Apostle for their comfort would prove is that they shall live v. 13. but how doth he prove it because they are sonnes ver 14. and that they are sonnes he gives a twofold evidence 1 The Spirit of adoption by which they cry Abba Father But they might say may not men be deceived and claime a childs place with God when he is a stranger therefore he addes secondly the Testimony of the Spirit The Spirit himselfe beareth witnesse with our spirits that we are the sonnes of God As if hee had said you have a sure ground of assurance u Si homo Angelus Archangelus aliquid promiserit forte quis dubitaverit suprema vero essentia Spiritus Dei testimonium nobis intus perhibente quisnam dubitationi locus Chrys apud Par. for not onely your owne spirits but God with them joynes in testimony that ye are children But concerning this testimony note 1 That all the Saints have it not at least in such a measure as to settle the heart clearely in this perswasion that they beleeve and are children nor is the testimony of our owne spirits alike in all but as the graces are more evident and conspicuous so is the testimony clearer and herein differs the testimony of Gods Spirit and our spirit our spirits give testimony according to the measure workings and evidence of our graces but the Spirit of God gives often lesse testimony to the best Christians and all have it not at least not in a satisfactory degree 2 It is a testimony which for ought appeares in the word may cease they that have it may want it though it be true that when once the testimony is obtained though it abide not it selfe actually and alway yet the efficacy should so that it is weaknesse to doubt againe because it is the voyce of God a judiciall sentence 3 It may bee discerned from all phantasticall How this testimony is discernable from delusion or diabolicall Enthusiasmes 1 It discovers it selfe in those that have it as the light of the Sunne doth difference it selfe from all other lights so that he that hath a full testimony knoweth it to be of God Ye know him for he dwelleth with you and shall be in you John 14.17 And it must needs be so else the testimony should not be sufficient for the question would still remain undecided concerning a mans condition It is as much to be regarded who speaketh as what is spoken x Tam refert quis quam quid Though a man heard a voyce from heaven or a voyce within him declaring and pronouncing his reconciliation and adoption yet except he know it is of God it will not satisfie As if a condemned man should have newes of his pardon yet except he know it is the Kings act it cannot quiet him 2 It is ever according to the word the witnesse of the spirit and of the word is the same there are two voyces or determinations or testimonies of the word the one is concerning the way the other concerning the end that is the word saith They that beleeve shall bee saved but then the question is who beleeveth to this the word answereth by describing what that faith is which saveth and so as the rule gives sentence of that which is to be ruled by it when the word and faith in the heart are brought together by examination the word eytheraccepts or rejects approveth or disalloweth of faith as it is in it selfe true or false but as when the gold is brought to the touch-stone though the stone may give it for true gold yet the examiner may want skill to perceive this testimony so it is in this case the word is the Law by which all are judged but as in a Civill State there is need of a Judge to open and apply the Law to particular cases so there is need of the Spirit to joyne with the word to give out not another verdict but that of the word which is made more intelligible by the Spirit not varyed but opened Still the testimony is the same so that the Spirit never looseth where the word bindeth therefore those that live in pride idlenesse or any other way of sin and pretend assurance of salvation given by the Spirit are deceived for if a man be such as the word condemnes there is no absolution from God while he continueth such
disobedience when a man sinne against such strong and continued cals a friend takes it ill when he is often denyed and long put off in a thing much desired and strongly requested 3 Listen to conscience for that is Gods deputy and it will tell you what it is that God takes ill at your hands observe at what dore conscience layeth this sad birth this miserable plight of soule which you are in for that is like to bee the Father as God witnesseth with our spirits so usually he chides with them at least he never chides without them but when he will rebuke he sets conscience to doe it heare then its errands and receive its charge it may be it will say this is thy pride or thy slightnesse in duties thy neglect of God and Christ thy harboured lusts c. I deny not but Conscience may erre and doth often charging that as sin which is no sin or making sin greater then it is or accusing a man of that which he is not guilty of or judging and condemning when the sin is pardoned therefore I adde 4 Pray the Lord to shew you wherein you have offended it was Elihu his counsell to Iob in his sad case Surely it is meete to be said unto God I have borne chastisement I will not offend any more that which I see not teach thou me if I have done iniquity I will doe no more Job 34.31 32. And when you are convinced of the evill of your wayes then look on them mourn over them◠what a thing is this that I should provoke him to leave me in whose presence I have had such light such life such strength such liberty such peace such victories such treasures such joyes Heare oh ye heavens for I have committed two great evils I have forsaken the fountain of living waters an◠have digged to my selfe cisterns broken cisterns that hold no water Jer. 2.12 Oh wretch that I am that that precious communion which I had with my God was of no more esteem with me that those sweet streames of comfort which I now want but then had from the well of life those quickning beames from the Sun of righteousnesse those refreshing those ravishing sights and tasts of Jesus Christ those pleasant banquet◠which I had in the ordinances and i◠duties those blessed embraces of the everlasting armes of the Lord my God were of so low account with me that I should lose them by my folly I have been careful to keep my name my state my health yea my vanities but I have not been careful to keep my God that life and comfort of the Spirit which Christ purchased with his blood I like prophane Esau have sold for nought Woe is me that the Spirit of Jesus Christ should come in mercy to make his abode with me and yet hath no better entertainment I set the doores open that he might depart yea by entertainning lusts and vanities I have made him weary of his dwelling and he is gone in anger that came in love u Lysimachus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plut. Apophth de sanitate tuendâ that which I begged with teares and enjoyed with comfort I have lost for sin oh what have I done against my God yea what against my selfe what madnesse was this to gain my lusts and lose my God like that great Commander who sold himselfe for a draught of water Thus break open the rountains within and adde sorrow to sorrow drink your teares like water and mourne and mourn again say oh my folly that have lost that for want of care which now◠would redeeme with my blood bu◠when once God is gone who can te◠me when he will returne againe he◠goeth from many and takes leave for ever and now if I goe long in heavinesse I may thanke my selfe if my soule be spoiled with long hostilities and tyrannies of the power of darknesse if my sins rage like the Sea if I walke a◠a shadow of death my owne hand hath brought all this upon me for God left not me till I left him x Tu me non deseris nisi prius ego te deseram Aug. in Solilo cap. 14. Yea further cause the waters of sorrow to rise yet higher look upon former times and say what was I then what am I now my silver is become drosse take up the lamentation of the Church and make it yours How is the gold become dimme how is the most fine gold changed the stones of the Sanctuary are poured out in the top of every streete the precious sons of Zion comparable to fine gold how are they as earthen pitchers the work of the hands of the potter they that fed delicately are desolate in the streetes they that were brought up in scarlet embrace dunghils her Nazarites were purer then snow they were whiter then milk they were more ruddy then Rubies their polishing was of Saphire but now their visage is darker then blacknesse their skin cleaveth to their bones it is withered it is become like a stick we are orphans and father lesse our necks are under persecution and we have no rest servants have ruled over us and there is none that doth deliver us out of their hands the joy of our heart is ceased our dancing is turned into mourning the crowne is fallen from our heads woe unto us that we have sinned for this our heart is faint for these things our eye is dimme Lament 4.1 2 5 7. Chap. 5.3 5 8 15 16 17. Look about you and gather matter of sorrow into your hearts cast your eyes upon your wayes and say how little good have I done how much evill how poore is my life my duties like things without life and my unfaithfulnesse appeares as the light in all my wayes I wonder how I could own such actions which stand all like the children of beggers clothed with ragges and full of vermine cast your eyes upon others and say such as had lesse engagements lesse encouragements then I are got far◠before me the last is first and the first last many are grieved and dulled by my deadnesse that should have been quickned by my life look up to God and say Oh foolish and unjust man have I thus requited the Lord my God look up to heaven and say I might by sowing much have made my harvest rich and full but now it is just I should reap little that have sowed little yea that having sowed vanity I should reap iniquitie Repentance is the way to make up your losses and to repaire your ruines God hath promised grace and mercy to the penitent y Qui delictis poenam per judicium destinavit idem veniam per poenitentiam spopondit Tertul. de poenit When thou art in tribulation all these things are come upon thee or have found thee if thou turne to the Lord thy God thou shalt finde him for the Lord thy God is a mercifull God he will not forsake thee
seene nor eare heard nor c. 1 Cor. 2.9 The Gospel is divided into Doctrine The Gospel is divided into History The Gospel is divided into Prophesie 1. The Doctrine hath in it somewhat that is evident and easily falling in with reason for there are things in it appertaining to naturall Philosophie as elements men beasts trees c. to Ethicks as all the morall rules and vertues to Oeconomicks precepts for ordering of families to Politicks lawes for Cities and Common wealths These a naturall understanding can deale with But there are other things of more high nature which are called Supernaturall as the Trinity Incarnation Resurrection c. these are above reason 2. The History this is of things past and have no evidence to sense for what can the eye see of Paradise the Flood the Arke c. nor to reason by any thing in themselves how should reason conclude that such things have beene but that they are related and revealed 3. The Prophefie this is of things to come and so to come as that a man cannot see them as a Philosopher may see the effects in their Causes for they come within such a course nor can any creature by reason conclude their futurity but as their being depends upon Gods Will so their manifestation that they will come is only by Gods Word Hence it is that nature being so unapt to receive things upon trust and desiring to see all hold to rules of sense and reason is very hardly brought to beleeve the Gospell Because of this unbeleevingnesse wee need a divine assistance which is the working of faith and witnessing unto faith or to the beleever the truth of the Gospell there are many witnesses of the Gospel therefore it is frequently called the Testimony there is a cloud of Witnesses miracles Heb. 2.4 the Ministers and Apostles and Prophets among them especially Acts 10.43 c. 26.16 c. 5.32 the Saints Esay 43.10 but the Holy Ghost is the head of this Grand jury Heb. 10.15 1 Ioh. 5.6 he comes with his testimony and setleth the heart in assurance of the Gospell that it may finde firme ground and sure footing so long as faith is wavering comfort will be unstable the house cannot be strong if the foundation be weake the Gospell is the foundation and if that bee laid firme the whole fabricke of peace will stand strongly able to beare out all stormes and tempests The second question is concerning themselves Their interest and their interest in the Gospell For though a man know clearly what that faith and holinesse is which gives him a reall title to the promise yet he may be unable to know his faith to be that faith There bee many things which make true faith often hardly discernable 1. Great imperfection it is hard to know certainly when 1 plant is newly put up above ground what it is a low faith hath but little evidence there is a light in every grace to shew it selfe but as it is with some starres they are so small that they are scarce seene so a man may have faith and yet not be able to say positively and peremptorily that hee doth beleeve 2. The similitude of false faith and true a man may know in generall what is requisite to the nature of gold yet when he comes to apply his rules he may bee puzzeled because art can exactly imitate nature yea so as that a famous Painter was deceived by a flye which though it was artificiall yet he thought was naturall 3. The conscience is not alwaies a competent Iudge because it may be clouded with feares and jealousies 4. Satan often doth so snarle this question that the soule is not able to extricate it selfe Wee need therefore the helpe of the Spirit whose Office it is to be our Comforter And as conscience in its Court is witnesse advocate and Iudge n Ipse accusator Iudex Carnifex vermis remordens Quintil. l. 5 Instit so is the Spirit he is a Witnesse giving evidence concerning the fact that this is done i. e. that the man doth beleeve he is an Advocate to plead the lquity of his Cause and that by the law of grace he should live he is the Iudge by pronouncing sentence applying the Law of grace in a judicial way and saith the soule shall live But all are comprized in the testimony for it is a testimony clearing and determining the Case That there is such a testimony (o) S.S. donat animae pignus salutis scilicet test imoniuÌ„ quod silius Dei sis of the Spirit as doth evidence the â—yuth and sincerity of grace and consequently a personall interest in the promise appeares farther by these Arguments 1. Ber. Serm. 2. in Pent. ArgumeÌ„ts proving this testimony The spirit of bondage and the Spirit of adoption are opposed each to other Rom. 8.15 Now the thing wherein they are opposed is their proper working the one causing feare the other peace Looke then into the worke of the spirit of bondage and you will finde 〈◊〉 doth not onely enlighten the soule to know and apprehend in generall wrath against sin and to apprehend what sin iâ— but it evidenceth to a man particularly that his waies are waies of sin and conse quently works a kind of plerophorie of hell a dreadfull expectation of wrath upon himselfe so that a man comes to conclude upon conviction I am the man who have transgressed and I am the man which except salvation come to me in Christ shall be damned And as the spirit of bondage thus joyneth in the sentence of condemnation by stirring up clearing fixing and strengthening the conscience in like manner the Spirit of adoption worketh with Conscience in the sentence of absolution reconciliation and adoption 2. If the Spirit be a Comforter which will not be questioned it must witnesse the truth of our beleeving and by that our interest in the promise because till this be done till a man bee assureâ— that his faith is saving hee cannot bee satisfied in this question which now troubleth him whether hee shall beâ— saved or whether mercy be his portion There are three maine steps to comfort 1. Salvation comes through Christ in the free promise but here it yeelds 〈◊〉 other comfort but this it may bee miâ—â— if I receive it 2. The heart goeth 〈◊〉 to take hold of salvation this is a farther step to comfort and here the foundation is laid but yet though this bee sufficient to life and salvation in the end yet it is not sufficient to peace and consolation at present a man cannot bee satisfied till hee attaine a third thing which is this a knowledge that hee hath rightly and savingly received salvation 3. If the knowledge of the true definition of faith and holinesse were sufficient to give assurance to him that truly beleeves that he doth truly beleeve then none that are so qualified and doe reflect carefully upon themselves can be uncertaine or doubtfull whether their faith
in you as heretofore 4 A man is not so humbled the practicall understanding being renewed Not humbling is the Count Palatine d Curopalates vid. Seld. honoris tit next to God in the palace of the soule the power of judgement is in its hands it hath power to send out writs to summon men to its barre and to examine causes and to passe sentence and when God is with it it will afflict and chastise the soule for sinne So it is said that Davids heart smote him 2 Sam. 24. but when conscience groweth carelesse and men judge not themselves when they condemne not and afflict not themselves for sinne but the sword lieth still in the scabbard and execution is not done but crimes are winked at the offender is justified or spared it is a signe of a sleepe fallen upon them and that God hath withdrawne himselfe or if you be judged by the light yet are not humble if you can shift and ward off the blows of conscience so that it cannot wound you the efficacie of it is weakned and God is departed David was in this case his conscience was too dallying and indulgent it did not arrest him nor seise upon him with her wonted Majestie because God suffered him to he for a time as he permitted him to fall but when the spirit came in the ministery of Nathan then conscience was armed with a stronger power and laid hands on him bound him in chaines and laid him up in prison and now David humbleth himselfe confesseth his sinne weeps and sighs and mourns night and day and could have no quiet till he had his pardon and was reconciled to his God Psal 32. CHAP. IX When a man is deserted the minde is more vaine and abated in frequency complacencie consistencie in holy thoughts THe third evill that befals the minde is vacuity and emptinesse Third evill in the minde vacuity and emptinesse when God withdrawes himselfe it becomes like an empty house without inhabitant when the cloud of divine presence fils his tabernacle and the foule receives oracles from his mouth then a man hath sweet converse with him and walks with him e Pedibus duntaxat terram tangentibus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chr. hom 3. de incompr Dei nat is a man with his friend as it is said of Noah Gen. 6.9 and Enoch Gen. 5.20 God is his centre and he is much in pursuit of him My soule thirsteth after thee and I will remember thee upon my bed and meditate on thee in the night watches my soul followeth hard after thee Psal 63. he was much in the thoughts of God God was with him f De Ignatio fabulatur nomen Jesu cordi ejus insculptum invcniri and he with God when he went to sleepe yea when he awakened his heart was towards him When I awake I am still with thee Psal 139.18 yea I am continually with thee and what was the cause of it Thine hand upholdeth me Psal 73.23 an awakened heart hath God ever in sight I have set the Lord alwayes before me Psal 16.8 As water striveth to ascend as high as the head-spring from whence it cometh so a heavenly Christian as he springs from above is ever streaming thither but there are times when the minde becomes vaine and very empty of God and full of vanity either being like a watch that stands still or like a Conduit-cock that runs at waste either sleeping and not acting or pouring out and spending it selfe upon things that profit not In this state the soule hath lost much of a threefold excellency which it had 1 Complacency in holy thoughts 2 Frequency in holy thoughts 3 Consistency in holy thoughts First Complacencie time was when the thoughts of Gods glory and mercy and works and word and of Christ and other spirituall things Lesse complacencie in thoughts of God were as honey feeding and delighting the soule meditations were great refreshments and recreations they were wont to fill the heart with sweet content and comfort adding much to all spirituall life both of grace and peace How precious are thy thoughts to me Psal 139.17 Juvat immensospatiantem vivere coelo David reckoned his recourse to and converse with God among his chiefe treasures And indeed what is better to man in a right temper then from the Nebo of a spirituall meditation to behold Canaan and by heavenly mindednesse to walke with Christ and Angels and Saints in heaven to have that in a kinde of presence by this prospective which is yet so distant This I say peradventure was your happinesse but now you are changed and fallen from this glory your soules creepe on the dust and savour not the sweetnesse of the things above they hunger not so much after that bread of eternall life but feed upon vanities and worldly things you are not so delighted in slipping out of the world and retyring your selves that you might be with God nay haply it is become a burthen e Nulla res tam facilis est quin difficilis sit si invitus facias Sen. ep 12. to fix your thoughts on that which was your food and life before your minde is become heavy the earth hath got into your hearts and weighed them downe so that you finde it hard and tedious to pully and winde them up to such spirituall and setled meditations in which formerly you have had delight if it bee thus it is a signe that God hath much withdrawne himselfe from you 2. Frequency Lesse frequency it may be it hath been the dayly course of thy soul to visit heaven soaring on the wings of an heavenly minde and taking her flight to God and Christ as the Eagles that flie to the dead body Mat. 24.18 thou wast wont to finde in every place a passage to thy God and wert often improving that quicknesse of thy minde which is able to step from the deepest dungeon to the highest heavens in a moment The mind is so quick of foote that it is swifter than the Sun and can move further in a moment than the Sun doth in a day and thou wert wont to send this winged messenger and it returned unto thee like Noahs Dove with Olive branches of peace and comfort in its mouth Indeed a Christian drives two trades in the world one is seene the other is secret and in this he is busie when hee seemes to be vacant and is least alone when most alone when he is mured up within his Chamber or walking in a solitary way he is conversing with such companions as the world is not acquainted with he is speaking with God and hearing God speaking to him words of wisdome making him wiser than the Auncient words of reproofe piercing like a sword yet not to hurt but heale and words of comfort stronger than death and sweeter than life yea when he seemes to be in the deepes of affliction he is mounted above all sorrowes and his soule is above
3 This testimony is holy holy formally originally effectively it makes holy more humble more contrite more watchfull more zealous more thankfull c. That assurance which breeds vanity contempt of ordinances neglect of duties security in sinne is deceitfull and abominable Thus of the Efficient cause The matter of comfort now the matter of spirituall comfort followeth That which is comfortable must bee such as can in some measure satisfie and fill the desire and appetite of the soule for so long as desire is held from her object there is an unrest and unquietnesse in the heart there will be a whining and crying of spirit there is paine in hunger grief in want now as desire is an extension or reaching of the soule after something futable so it is not satisfied But 1 Eyther by possession of the thing 2 Or by hope and expectation So that the proper object of spirituall comfort is 1 Things spirituall given to us and received by us here as the light of Gods countenance the quicknings of his spirit subduing of lusts successe in our prayers tasts of heaven c. 2 Things promised as in the former desire is turned into joy and the accomplishment of desire becomes a tree of life Prov. 13.12 so here it becommeth hope and this hope giveth comfort it is the Anchor of the soule and the best cure of sorrow in the want of things future y 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Naz. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wee are saved by hope Rom. 8.24 The maine things of our life and happinesse for eternity are ours onely in the promise z Hoc ipsum quod Christiani sumus spei est Cypr. de boo pat Concerning these things note 1 That the promise gives as strong comfort to faith as things present to sense yea greater For 1 The things to come are greater 2 More permanent 1 Cor. 13. 3 Sure a Fidelis futura veluti praesentia possidet magis ea adesse putat quam praesentia Clem. Alex. so that faith makes them as present Heb. 11.1 2 The soule may have the comfort of hope yet lose that of sense it may finde the way sad when it beleeves the end will be sweet 3 If a man lose the life and comfort of hope hee loseth the comfort of sense his way will bee sad who is afflicted about his end 4 According to the strength of faith and hopes claime comfort is advanced when hope fluctuates and lookes for eternall life onely as possible or probable then comfort also is unstable and weake but when it lookes upon it as certainly future then the heart hath a full rest Now having seene the nature and Causes Comfort may bee lost let us come to the defectibility of Comfort It may be lost the tenure of grace and peace is not the same in point of Comfort we are but tenants at will and may in a moment be turned out of a heavē upon earth into a hell upon earth Comfort is not of the being but well being of the Saints it is rather a reward than grace and belongs rather to glorification than sanctification Not joy makes a Christian but grace as it is the light not the warmth of the sunne that makes day so that this may faile 1. God may suspend his testimony or 2. Hee may let in Satan to afflict or 3. Hide himselfe and not meet them in approches to him in combats for him c. I must cut my selfe short here for I see the booke swels bigger than I desire Let this therefore suffice for entrance into the businesse it selfe CHAP. XXXV Of the state and degrees of this sad condition NOw I come to the sad state of the soule wanting the comforts of the Holy Ghost God withdrawing himselfe in respect of that gracious effusion of his mercy and manifestation of his love to the soule shutting up those sweet streames of refreshment which were wont to flow Here I will speake of 1 The Case 2 The Cure The state of a deserted and disconsolate soule requires to consider of 1 The nature of it 2 Degrees of it 3 Effects of it 4 Cause of it First then let us see what it is It is an eminent and abiding uncomfortablenesse of heart towards God or a losse of that comfort which the soule was wont to have in God 1 It is a losse of comfort in God A man may have much unquietnesse It is a losse of comfort towards God and yet not be in this case we speake of discomfort except the object of it bee Gods displeasure or departure makes not a deserted case A man may be afflicted in his spirit many waies yet Gods wonted presence may continue As the conscience of some sinne may cause much sadnesse and mourning eyther some sinne stirring or some sinne acted may much afflict but trouble of reluctance or sorrow of repentance are there and will be there where God is most present Paul is a patterne in the first Romanes 7. and David in the other Psal 51. The sinnes of others may disquiet Rivers of teares runne downe mine eyes because men keepe not thy lawes Psal 119. Lot Ezra all that have most of God have most of these sorrowes and these sorrowes are no miseries but mercies there is much sweetnesse in this temper The troubles of the Churches may in a way of compassion and sympathy afflict yea outward afflictions may in a naturall way paine the spirit for a time and the soule may mourne because of its deficiencies and poverty wanting that compleatnesse of holinesse which it desireth b Non perfecte de aliquo gaudet cui non sufficit Aquin though present degrees of grace are sweet yea because sweete the soule is not contented being in a state of want it will be in motion till it attaine the fulnesse Philip. 3.12 but desertion imports a losse of comfort in God 2 It is a losse of usuall comfort as the former kinde of desertions is a losse of usuall quicknings A losse of usuall comfort so this is a losse of usuall quietnesse And as there are seasons in which God gives more of himselfe in way of quickning then he will constantly continue so he gives comfort sometimes in such fulnesse as shall not alwaies abide Not of extraordinary comfort every day is not a feasting day Paul was taken up into the third heavens but he came downe againe the Sunne doth not alwaies shine in an equall lustre God sometimes gives coruscations of glory but like lightnings they shut in againe As a father sometimes sends for his sonnes from schoole and makes merry with them at home but these play times come not every day they must to schoole againe and live under tutors and governours till they come to full age God opens himselfe much at some times 1 In speciall approaches of the soule to him then a man seeth and tasteth such things that hee is loth to depart but these comforts though
with it if the minde be puzled the heart is troubled if the Pilot be disconsolate how are the passengers afflicted what teares what palenesse what wringing what fainting may one see there what sighing crying howling screeching may one heare In such a troubled case is the heart when God hides himselfe and will not be found like Rachell weeping for her children and will not be comforted because they are not But when the soul seeth God then it is quiet the cryes of the heart are stilled her wound is healed her paine ceaseth and all is calme 2. Ioy Ioy. This is an higher degree of comfort peace is negative comfort joy is positive comfort that is a cessation or mitigation of trouble this is an higher contentment that is like the laying of the storme this like the breaking out of the Sun a woman in travell when paine ceaseth is at rest but when a child is borne she hath joy Iohn 16.21 A condemned man when he is pardoned is at peace his feares and sorrowes cease but if with his pardon he attaine preferment he rejoyceth There is a kinde of joy in peace and so joy is the fruit of peace and rest but still it is a farther contentment than meere peace sorrow is turned into joy Joh. 16.21 but first it is turned into peace Ioy is the noone-tide of comfort and peace is the morning peace is a returne to it selfe after that it had beene tossed and driven from its desired state joy is an ascent above it self peace is a rest within it selfe joy carrieth the heart higher it is a kinde of elation b GaudiuÌ„ a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ios Scalig in Conject which if it be strong is called exultation which is a kinde of valting and leaping of the mind yea a leaping out of it self c Exultatio est gaudium gestuosum ab ex salto Becmde orig lat ling. peace is contentment when the heart is bounded by its condition and is not effused and poured out of its owne channell as the river is when the chanell is too scant or not passable but joy is an enlargement of the heart d Laetus qu. Latus Vt moerore contrahimur sic gestimus gaudio Sen. Laetis diffunditur per universum corpus calor ac plus foris motus ejus essertur ut tristibus intro Galen l. 3. de causis pulsuum Apud Cornel. a lap in Proverb 17.22 Dilatatur affectus per delectationem quasi se tradens ad continendum interius rem delectantem Aquin. 1.2 q. 33. a. 1. It is called enlargement of heart Psal 119.32 the heart opens it self and is filled with the thing it loves 3. Triumph and glorying Triumph and that in two things which is joy elevated and it consisteth in two things 1 A victoriousnesse and magnanimous conquest of heart over all things Victoriousnesse of spirit when the heart is raysed to this pitch of comfort in God all the world is brought under a man and the greatest evills cannot daunt There is such a gradation as we speake of Rom. 5. We have peace towards God ver 1. we rejoyce in hope ver 2. and not onely so but we glory in tribulation also ver 3. 2 A boasting and holy vaunting of heart Boasting in God the word which is used by the Apostle for glorying importeth a jetting or strutting of the neck e 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cervix it is often used by the Apostle for boastings as 2 Cor. 9.2 Rom. 2.17.23 Chap. 11.18 2 Cor. 10.8 c. A man boasts when he is full of that which he thinkes excellent and to adde worth and excellency to him when a man counts it not onely happinesse but honor to have such a God and is not onely not ashamed of him but in his account magnified by him when he is able to hold up his spirit against the proffers and terrours of the world and doth professe to heaven and earth amidst all blasphemies jealoufies threats sufferings glory which is in the world that God is good sufficient worthy of all love feare and trust I say when the heart comes with undauntednesse and full contentment sets God against all this is a holy boasting of God or in God like that of David I will blesse the Lord at all times his praise shall continually be in my mouth my soule shall make her boast in the Lord Psal 34.2 In God we boast all the day long and praise thy name for ever Psal 44.8 Psal 64.10 CHAP. XXXIV The causes and roote of comfort NOw from the nature of spirituall comfort let us descend to the cause and roote of it and that wee may not run too large a compasse we will confine our selves to the causes 1 Efficient First cause efficient God 2 Materiall The efficient cause is various but we will only pitch upon the principall working cause which is God who is called the God of all comfort 2 Cor. 1.3 f Patrem dicens non unius misericordiae tantum sed misericordiarum Deum non unius sed totius consolationis qui consolatur nos non modo in hac vel ill 1. sed in omâ—i tribulatione c. Bern. Serm. 5. de natal Dom. here briefly two things 1 That it is of God 2 How wrought by God 1 That comfort is of God this appeares thus 1 Suppose a man dead in trespasses and sinnes here is required the same power to give comfort which is to give life 2 Suppose one troubled in spirit vexed with feares here no lesse power can comfort then the power of God For comfort in this case is an act of supremacy as in a civill state none can take off chaines of imprisonment but he that put them on all creatures in heaven and earth cannot loose him whom God hath bound though all should speake well yet if God frowne chide smite condemne this prevailes because he is supreame nothing can comfort but to have what God onely can give as pardon of sinne deliverance from hell c. and to know what God onely can reveale as whether sinne bee pardoned God reconciled c. these things God onely knoweth and none can know them but those to whom hee reveales them and farther when God afflicts he doth it for an end till that be compassed the soul lieth in the deeps grief and feare is to bring in the heart to Christ therefore none but he can take it off who is set to be the Physitian to cure the sores and wounds of a broken spirit and there is in the soule when God shaketh it with his power a disposition so set towards him that nothing can satisfie the soule but his favour 3 Consider what comfort is it is a strength or satisfaction of spirit That then which comforteth must be proportionable to or exceeding that which may cause griefe or trouble now if a man bee
in great affliction from the world that which can comfort must be something greater then the world or if afflicted by terrors of conscience comfort cannot be but by one that is greater then conscience if death sin hell wrath disquiet the soule what good in heaven or in earth can weigh downe these but God himself Secondly God workes comfort First preparing the soule note how this comfort is wrought by God There are three acts of God concurring in this work of comfort Preparation or disposing of the soule for comfort by giving sight Preparation or disposing of the soule for comfort by giving faith Preparation or disposing of the soule for comfort by giving fitnesse Collation of the matter of comfort Attestation c. 1 God illuminates the understanding to see the true fountaine and proper object of true comfort By illumination with the meanes and conditions of it till a man know the excellency of spirituall things with their sufficiency and eternity and till he see them haveable and attainable either the heart is deluded with the dying vanities of this sinfull and mortall life or held under the terrors of a guilty accusing misgiving and despairing conscience Though there be incomparable worth and most delightfull sweetnesse in Jesus Christ yet what is this to him that dwels in darknesse the understanding is the gate both of life and comfort and as the heart rueth not what the eye seeth not so it joyeth not in what it knoweth not It is necessary to true and strong consolation that a man have a sight 1 Cleare Dark visions breed but weak comforts darknesse is the harbour and womb of doubts and in this case so far as the soule doubts it dyes If a condemned man have a pardon but so written either for letter or language that he cannot reade or understand it though his pardon is his life indeed yeâ— it is but small comfort at present 2 Extended The heart cannot bee established and filled with comfort till the latitude of the object of comfort appeare except the minde see things in all their due requisites which makes them able to comfort fully there will bee somewhat wanting to a peacefull state as if he see a worth but not fitness or if that yet if not the possibility or if that yet not sufficiency or if that yet not perpetuity I say if any one of these appeare not the heart will remaine unsatisfied what a check to contentment in a thing is this when though a man seeth it is good yet he saith it is not fit for me it pleaseth not or it is not possible I cannot obtaine it or it is not sufficient it will not serve my turne or it is fading and not certaine I may lose it againe 3 Actuall For not knowing good but minding good doth comfort habituall knowledge doth not comfort it hath a power to comfort but till our knowledge be actuall it gives not actuall comfort it is but as fire in the Embers which warmeth not except it bee blowne up the rich promises laid up in a knowing man is but as bread in the Cubbord which except by actuall knowledge the minde feed upon it starves If a man have much wealth in his Chest except he take it forth for his use wherein is he happier than a begger though the Well be full of water yet except a man draw it out he may thirst We must not forget our consolation unmindfulnesse breeds uncomfortablenesse when therefore God will give comfort he is the remembrancer of his people 4 Serious For fleeting thoughts breed flashie comforts passant viewes and glances of the minde cannot raise a setled comfort nay rather they discomfort as much by their vanishing as they comfort by their presence The fruit of such sights of God Christ heaven c. yeeldeth a present but a transient blaze of joy like fire in straw soon up and soon downe yea this sweelnesse leaves a bitternesse and wounds the heart to lose that so quickly which iâ— had so happily so that by such transitory gusts the soule learnes more indeed how to prize the things for sweetnesse and how to lament them for their absence not his comfort but his sorrows are increased by such cursory viewes howsoever this is sure except our light be permanent our comfort will be transient and the heart will be still unsatisfied these fits of glaring light are but like night-lighinings which make not day it is night still in the soule because the Sun sets over it when therefore God comforteth he fixeth the eye of the soule upon himself and the good things of his grace The second act of preparation of the heart for comfort is working of faith By working faith which is the main organ of comfort though a man know the Gospel yet except he beleeve it all the glorious treasures of grace and mercy in it are but as a golden dreame or a pleasant tale or as a fire which is painted on a wall which yeelds neither light nor heate the word profiteth not him that beleeâ—eth not This was the case of the lews they had great promises made to them But the Word preached did not profit them not being mixed with faith in them that heard it Heb. 4.2 g 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 h. c. Caleb Joshua qui soli crediderunt sic Chrys Theoph. Oecumen At intelliguntur potius ipsi Judaei Par. c. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vt vinum aqua temperatum fit mitius utilius infirmis ita ardua illa promissio opinione major incredibilis non admisâ—a side non profait Cornel. à lapide à cibo bene condito ducit Metaphoram Camer in Respons ad Quaest in Hebr. at 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Legunt Syridc vers Beza Marian. Estius Aug. in Psal 77. c. As exceeding strong drink not tempered and qualified profits not nature so those great promises so much exceeding opinion and expectation of reason not being mixed with faith did not profit them or as some conceive the Metaphor lyeth thus as he that drinkes of an empty cup so were they not beleeving the promise to them was but as an empty cup or as in the margin of out Bibles they were not united by faith to them that heard i. e. to them that beleeved so that they had not the same benefit by the word Faith then is a necessary requisite and that 1. as a condition upon which comfort is given 2. As an instrument by which it is received for faith gives the promise a life and subsistence though not in it selfe yet in us except the Gospell be beleeved it hath no dwelling no roote no power no life no being to us but is as a thing that is not therefore God works faith which doth enable and dispose the soule to sucke sweetnesse from the breasts of consolation Joy and peace are fruits of faith Now the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in beleeving