Selected quad for the lemma: conscience_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
conscience_n	bind_v	law_n	moral_a	1,887	5	10.0514	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A85826	The Covenanters plea against absolvers. Or, A modest discourse, shewing why those who in England & Scotland took the Solemn League and Covenant, cannot judge their consciences discharged from the obligation of it, by any thing heretofore said by the Oxford men; or lately by Dr Featly, Dr. Gauden, or any others. In which also several cases relating to promisory oathes, and to the said Covenant in special, are spoken to, and determined by Scripture, reason, and the joynt suffrages of casuists. Contrary to the indigested notions of some late writers; yet much to the sense of the Reverend Dr. Sanderson. Written by Theophilus Timorcus a well-wisher to students in casuistical divinity.	Timorcus, Theophilus.; Gataker, Thomas, 1574-1654, attributed name.; Vines, Richard, 1600?-1656, attributed name.; Baxter, Richard, 1615-1691, attributed name.	1660 (1660)	Wing G314; Thomason E1053_13; ESTC R202125	85,431	115

oath_n that_o he_o will_v never_o bear_v the_o office_n of_o mayoralty_n in_o that_o city_n this_o man_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o freeman_n what_o shall_v he_o do_v not_o hold_v say_v dr._n sanderson_n but_o pay_v his_o money_n his_o oath_n will_v bind_v here_o against_o the_o active_a part_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v 40._o penal_a law_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o establish_v the_o hierarchy_n against_o which_o the_o covenant_n be_v direct_v the_o covenant_n will_v bind_v we_o against_o they_o all_o thus_o far_o viz_o to_o suffer_v the_o penalty_n annex_v for_o not_o own_v they_o rather_o than_o to_o own_o and_o acknowledge_v they_o but_o yet_o further_o §_o 35._o 4._o let_v we_o examine_v the_o reason_n why_o a_o oath_n shall_v not_o bind_v against_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o pretend_a but_o the_o dominion_n which_o god_n have_v reserve_v to_o superior_n over_o their_o inferior_n so_o that_o if_o this_o which_o we_o call_v law_n be_v not_o clear_o a_o establishment_n of_o our_o superior_n to_o who_o legistative_a power_n belong_v which_o mere_a usage_n and_o custom_n be_v not_o argue_v no_o more_o than_o permission_n of_o superior_n or_o if_o the_o law_n be_v a_o exercise_n of_o dominion_n in_o thing_n ubi_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la dominium_fw-la where_o god_n word_n allow_v they_o no_o such_o dominion_n a_o oath_n will_v certain_o bind_v against_o such_o pretend_a law_n hence_o azorius_fw-la well_o note_v that_o boni_fw-la mores_fw-la sunt_fw-la varii_fw-la i.e._n 6._o azor._fw-la mor._n qu._n l._n 11._o cap._n 6._o good_a manner_n or_o custom_n be_v various_a some_o command_v by_o the_o write_a law_n of_o god_n some_o by_o the_o write_a canon_n law_n some_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o say_v he_o that_o maxim_n that_o juramentum_fw-la contra_fw-la bonos_fw-es more_o be_v non_fw-la obligat_fw-la a_o oath_n against_o good_a manner_n custom_n law_n do_v not_o oblige_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v if_o it_o be_v contra_fw-la bonos_fw-es more_o be_v juris_fw-la naturalis_fw-la vel_fw-la divini_fw-la scripti_fw-la vel_fw-la canonici_fw-la secus_fw-la autem_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-la juramentum_fw-la sit_fw-la contra_fw-la bonos_fw-es more_o be_v jure_fw-la civili_fw-la institutos_fw-la i._n e._n against_o good_a law_n or_o manner_n command_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n of_o god_n write_v or_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o if_o those_o good_a manner_n be_v only_o command_v by_o civil_a law_n 6._o sanches_n l._n 3._o cap._n 9_o suarez_n l._n 2._o the_o jur_n cap._n 21._o layman_n tract_n mor._n l._n 4._o cap._n 6._o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n determine_v sanchis_n layman_n and_o many_o other_o casuist_n the_o reason_n why_o they_o add_v the_o canon-law_n be_v because_o they_o believe_v their_o church_n can_v err_v so_o that_o a_o oath_n against_o their_o church_n canon_n be_v to_o they_o equivalent_a with_o a_o oath_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n §_o 36._o 5._o yet_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o oath_n in_o some_o case_n against_o civil_a law_n may_v be_v void_a but_o it_o be_v far_o from_o be_v grant_v to_o be_v a_o universal_a truth_n abbas_n sylvester_n azorius_fw-la molina_n lessius_fw-la layman_n sanches_n suarez_n all_o agree_v that_o a_o oath_n will_v bind_v against_o any_o civil_a law_n if_o the_o law_n do_v obligare_fw-la ad_fw-la paenam_fw-la non_fw-la ad_fw-la culpam_fw-la necessariò_fw-la i._n e._n oblige_v not_o necessary_o to_o sin_n in_o case_n of_o refusal_n but_o to_o punishment_n which_o be_v what_o we_o say_v before_o nay_o the_o most_o of_o they_o add_v further_o that_o it_o will_v bind_v against_o they_o ubi_fw-la materia_fw-la legibus_fw-la opposita_fw-la sine_fw-la peccato_fw-la sieri_fw-la potest_fw-la i.e._n where_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o can_v without_o sin_n be_v perform_v be_v not_o contra_fw-la jus_o naturale_fw-la aut_fw-la divinum_fw-la 6._o bartolus_n jussor_n bartolus_n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la jussor_n the_o great_a lawyer_n give_v several_a rule_n in_o the_o case_n 1._o he_o say_v a_o oath_n take_v against_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o a_o nation_n make_v chief_o for_o a_o public_a good_a will_v not_o oblige_v which_o rule_n yet_o azorius_fw-la do_v not_o think_v prove_v by_o covarruvias_n or_o imolas_n the_o friend_n of_o bartolus_n in_o the_o case_n 2._o a_o oath_n take_v to_o confirm_v a_o bargain_n which_o bargain_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n will_v say_v he_o bound_v till_o the_o church_n absolve_v as_o if_o one_o swear_v to_o pay_v a_o usurer_n more_o than_o the_o law_n allow_v the_o usurer_n to_o take_v or_o to_o pay_v a_o thief_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o redeem_v his_o life_n suppose_v a_o law_n to_o make_v such_o a_o contract_n void_a yet_o the_o oath_n will_v bind_v 13._o sayri_fw-la claevis_fw-la regius_fw-la l._n 11._o ca._n 13._o upon_o this_o case_n gregor_n sayrus_n determine_v that_o suppose_v a_o law_n that_o all_o contract_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o money_n win_v by_o play_n shall_v be_v void_a yet_o if_o one_o have_v swear_v to_o pay_v his_o fellow-gamester_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v it_o he_o quote_v with_o he_o in_o this_o opinion_n navarrus_n bannez_fw-fr salon_n lopez_n med_n na_o etc._n etc._n a_o three_o rule_n he_o give_v be_v this_o 3._o if_o the_o oath_n be_v only_a contrariant_n to_o a_o civil_a law_n make_v only_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o he_o that_o swear_v the_o oath_n will_v bind_v against_o the_o law_n we_o dare_v not_o justify_v all_o these_o rule_n but_o we_o will_v put_v a_o case_n or_o two_o to_o our_o brethren_n who_o be_v so_o free_a of_o their_o pardon_n and_o absolution_n in_o this_o case_n all_o know_v that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o a_o woman_n under_o covert_a baron_n shall_v dispose_v of_o her_o estate_n which_o she_o have_v in_o jointure_n suppose_v now_o her_o husband_n prove_v a_o bankrupt_a or_o be_v imprison_v for_o debt_n or_o suppose_v the_o woman_n herself_o want_v money_n and_o she_o to_o furnish_v herself_o or_o deliver_v her_o husband_n borrow_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n swear_v to_o he_o of_o who_o she_o borrow_v it_o that_o if_o god_n let_v she_o live_v to_o enjoy_v her_o jointure_n some_o deed_n which_o she_o make_v against_o law_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o creditor_n shall_v be_v make_v good_a though_o against_o law_n shall_v not_o her_o oath_n bound_v she_o the_o law_n of_o england_n express_o forbid_v give_v above_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o interest_n suppose_v one_o swear_v in_o his_o necessity_n to_o give_v 8_o per_fw-mi cent_n will_v not_o this_o oath_n bind_v think_v we_o in_o short_a azorius_fw-la determine_v blunt_o quando_fw-la contractus_fw-la est_fw-la solum_fw-la jure_fw-la civili_fw-la interdictus_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la confirmatur_fw-la that_o a_o oath_n will_v bind_v to_o fulfil_v a_o contract_n only_o forbid_v by_o a_o civil_a law_n §_o 37._o we_o be_v not_o altogether_o satisfy_v in_o the_o popish_a casuist_n reason_n for_o this_o determination_n we_o judge_v this_o question_n can_v be_v well_o resolve_v without_o the_o resolution_n of_o another_o very_a weighty_a question_n viz._n how_o far_o humane_a law_n bound_v the_o conscience_n we_o do_v believe_v that_o all_o such_o humane_a law_n as_o do_v necessary_o tend_v to_o preserve_v the_o government_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o a_o civil_a state_n because_o they_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o divine_a law_n reveal_v do_v apert_o bind_v the_o conscience_n so_o that_o a_o oath_n take_v against_o they_o be_v forthwith_o void_a but_o for_o law_n not_o plain_a and_o certain_a and_o express_v nor_o have_v such_o necessary_a tendency_n to_o the_o be_v of_o a_o civil_a state_n nor_o be_v so_o conformable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o write_v law_n of_o god_n whether_o they_o lie_v such_o a_o hold_n on_o the_o conscience_n as_o to_o make_v void_a a_o oath_n we_o think_v deserve_v our_o absolver_n second_o thought_n possible_o the_o take_n of_o such_o oath_n may_v be_v at_o first_o inadvised_a and_o unlawful_a but_o be_v take_v that_o they_o be_v void_v by_o second_o thought_n that_o the_o matter_n of_o they_o be_v against_o law_n we_o can_v but_o a_o little_a doubt_n and_o believe_v our_o brethren_n have_v few_o casuist_n or_o other_o divine_n of_o their_o mind_n in_o the_o case_n §_o 38._o nor_o yet_o be_v this_o our_o case_n where_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o legal_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n to_o who_o though_o not_o sole_o the_o legislative_a power_n belong_v do_v themselves_o take_v and_o require_v other_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o endeavour_v the_o extirpation_n of_o a_o form_n of_o government_n which_o they_o apprehend_v inconvenient_a which_o it_o be_v true_a be_v establish_v by_o the_o usage_n of_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n but_o no_o positive_a law_n be_v existent_a direct_v it_o as_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n in_o england_n though_o

do_v for_o other_o this_o when_o make_v free_o be_v by_o critic_n call_v pollicitatio_fw-la when_o at_o the_o importunity_n of_o another_o promissio_fw-la either_o way_n lex_fw-la privata_fw-la it_o become_v a_o private_a law_n oblige_v the_o soul_n moral_o virtuous_a or_o religious_o good_a to_o a_o strict_a performance_n §_o 3._o a_o oath_n be_v a_o religious_a act_n ubi_fw-la deus_fw-la testis_fw-la invocatur_fw-la where_o for_o further_a security_n to_o other_o of_o what_o we_o believe_v or_o have_v do_v or_o engage_v to_o do_v god_n be_v call_v in_o for_o a_o witness_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v but_o in_o weighty_a matter_n and_o in_o doubtful_a matter_n but_o all_o the_o future_a action_n of_o man_n be_v such_o as_o be_v subject_v to_o various_a accident_n and_o contingency_n through_o the_o mutability_n of_o our_o mind_n the_o bottomless_a deceit_n of_o our_o heart_n and_o the_o power_n which_o temptation_n from_o the_o world_n the_o flesh_n and_o the_o devil_n have_v upon_o we_o they_o be_v just_o allow_v by_o divine_n both_o as_o to_o their_o matter_n and_o circumstance_n to_o be_v the_o proper_a matter_n of_o a_o oath_n who_o formality_n lie_v in_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o dreadful_a name_n of_o god_n to_o attest_v the_o sincerity_n of_o our_o intention_n as_o to_o future_a performance_n which_o sacred_a invocation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n annex_v to_o a_o promise_n add_v high_o to_o the_o obligation_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o divine_a worship_n so_o to_o invoke_v god_n sacred_a name_n the_o security_n be_v high_o advantage_v by_o such_o a_o label_n annex_v let_v vain_a orator_n cant_v what_o they_o please_v it_o be_v determine_v by_o all_o casuist_n which_o we_o ever_o yet_o see_v 1._o filiucii_n mor._n quaest_n tract_n 25._o cap._n 4._o q._n 1._o that_o a_o oath_n do_v add_v to_o a_o promise_n a_o special_a obligation_n filiucius_n and_o other_o make_v it_o a_o article_n of_o our_o creed_n by_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v de_fw-fr fide_fw-la to_o believe_v that_o it_o do_v so_o §_o 4._o a_o vow_n say_v richardus_fw-la est_fw-la propositi_fw-la supererogatiuè_fw-la boni_fw-la promissio_fw-la deo_fw-la facta_fw-la propter_fw-la bonum_fw-la finem_fw-la ex_fw-la deliberatione_n firmata_fw-la by_o which_o description_n nothing_o necessary_a by_o the_o necessity_n of_o a_o divine_a precept_n can_v be_v the_o proper_a matter_n of_o a_o vow_n no_o it_o must_v according_a to_o he_o be_v supererogatiuè_fw-la bonum_fw-la some_o good_a thing_n which_o god_n have_v not_o require_v at_o our_o hand_n but_o we_o not_o well_o understand_v what_o good_a thing_n can_v be_v assign_v which_o fall_v under_o no_o divine_a precept_n do_v rather_o close_o with_o their_o more_o ordinary_a and_o justifiable_a description_n of_o it_o who_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v a_o promise_n make_v to_o god_n and_o indeed_o thus_o it_o differ_v from_o a_o promise_n which_o may_v be_v make_v to_o man_n and_o that_o as_o to_o the_o thing_n of_o this_o world_n a_o vow_n can_v only_o be_v make_v to_o god_n and_o that_o in_o rebus_fw-la dei_fw-la in_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n not_o to_o trouble_v ourselves_o with_o the_o nicety_n of_o the_o description_n of_o it_o certain_z it_o be_v that_o the_o obligation_n result_v from_o it_o be_v great_a aquinas_n sayrus_n filiucius_n layman_n and_o other_o determine_v the_o obligation_n of_o a_o vow_n to_o exceed_v that_o of_o a_o oath_n 8._o aq._n 22_o ae_z q._n 89._o art_n 8._o because_o say_v aquinas_n the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n arise_v only_o from_o that_o reverence_n which_o we_o owe_v to_o the_o sacred_a name_n of_o god_n but_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o vow_n arise_v from_o that_o fealty_n which_o we_o owe_v to_o god_n the_o violation_n of_o which_o be_v always_o attend_v with_o irreverence_n not_o to_o dispute_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o ratiocination_n we_o think_v this_o which_o some_o casuist_n have_v also_o hit_v upon_o may_v be_v superad_v that_o although_o in_o every_o vow_n there_o be_v not_o a_o formal_a invocation_n of_o god_n god_n be_v the_o proper_a correlate_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o party_n to_o every_o vow_n and_o therefore_o not_o formal_o to_o be_v invoke_v for_o the_o contestation_n of_o it_o yet_o there_o be_v in_o every_o vow_n a_o implicit_a calling_n god_n to_o witness_v so_o that_o certain_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o a_o vow_n be_v not_o beneath_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n §_o 5._o a_o covenant_n strict_o take_v be_v a_o mutual_a stipulation_n of_o two_o or_o more_o party_n and_o in_o that_o lie_v its_o specific_a difference_n both_o from_o a_o naked_a promise_n and_o from_o a_o oath_n and_o a_o vow_n all_o which_o maybe_o make_v by_o single_a person_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o covenant_n be_v such_o as_o require_v at_o least_o two_o party_n mutual_o engage_v each_o to_o other_o this_o obligation_n may_v be_v either_o contract_v with_o god_n or_o with_o our_o neighbour_n and_o that_o concern_v any_o kind_n of_o thing_n from_o whence_o be_v the_o several_a sort_n of_o covenant_n treat_v on_o by_o civilian_n and_o politician_n concern_v which_o we_o shall_v speak_v nothing_o in_o this_o place_n the_o jew_n contract_v a_o formal_a covenant_n with_o god_n when_o upon_o the_o promulgation_n of_o the_o law_n by_o moses_n they_o say_v whatsoever_o the_o lord_n speak_v that_o we_o will_v do_v whence_o it_o be_v as_o we_o conceive_v that_o they_o be_v so_o often_o charge_v in_o holy_a writ_n with_o break_v covenant_n in_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n and_o god_n have_v give_v we_o in_o his_o word_n a_o everlasting_a rule_n of_o righteousness_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o which_o we_o be_v engage_v by_o immutable_a promise_n although_o god_n have_v leave_v off_o to_o speak_v from_o heaven_n to_o we_o yet_o we_o be_v still_o leave_v in_o a_o capacity_n to_o make_v formal_a covenant_n with_o god_n which_o we_o do_v as_o often_o as_o we_o by_o solemn_a promise_n engage_v ourselves_o to_o the_o strict_a observance_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n the_o obligatory_a virtue_n of_o a_o covenant_n separate_v from_o the_o additional_a force_n of_o a_o oath_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v also_o further_o confirm_v seem_v to_o be_v increase_v from_o the_o mutual_a consideration_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o each_o part_n of_o a_o covenant_n shall_v be_v enter_v which_o make_v every_o covenanter_n to_o have_v a_o quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la and_o add_v a_o obligation_n from_o justice_n to_o a_o due_a performance_n so_o that_o as_o he_o who_o break_v a_o naked_a promise_n sin_n against_o his_o truth_n and_o fidelity_n and_o he_o who_o violate_v his_o oath_n high_o sin_n against_o that_o reverence_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o the_o sacred_a name_n of_o god_n so_o he_o that_o break_v a_o covenant_n sin_v against_o justice_n which_o every_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v as_o that_o which_o joynt_v all_o humane_a society_n and_o keep_v the_o world_n in_o order_n §_o 6._o now_o beside_o these_o simple_a bond_n which_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o hold_v virtuous_a and_o religious_a man_n there_o may_v be_v compound_v form_n in_o which_o there_o may_v be_v a_o mixture_n of_o two_o or_o three_o or_o all_o of_o these_o and_o reason_n will_v easy_o teach_v we_o that_o if_o any_o of_o these_o single_a cord_n be_v sufficient_a to_o hold_v a_o soul_n which_o have_v any_o value_n for_o truth_n any_o reverence_n for_o the_o name_n of_o god_n or_o profess_v any_o fealty_n to_o he_o or_o in_o who_o any_o love_n of_o common_a justice_n may_v be_v find_v and_o who_o have_v not_o without_o regard_n either_o to_o god_n or_o man_n without_o any_o conscience_n of_o religion_n or_o moral_a honesty_n take_v up_o a_o resolution_n to_o break_v all_o sacred_a bond_n asunder_o and_o cast_v all_o cord_n behind_o his_o back_n certain_o when_o two_o three_o or_o all_o of_o these_o be_v twist_v into_o one_o cord_n they_o must_v be_v strong_a than_o sampsons_n seven_o green_a with_o his_o and_o like_o solomon_n threefold_a cord_n which_o can_v easy_o be_v break_v §_o 7._o and_o if_o we_o mistake_v not_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o sacred_a cord_n the_o strength_n of_o which_o we_o be_v try_v the_o style_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v promissory_a and_o argue_v all_o the_o force_n of_o a_o promise_n in_o it_o the_o preamble_n to_o it_o conclude_v thus_o with_o our_o hand_n lift_v up_o to_o the_o most_o high_a god_n we_o do_v swear_v together_o with_o that_o clause_n in_o the_o last_o paragraph_n and_o this_o covenant_n we_o make_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o searcher_n of_o all_o heart_n sufficient_o prove_v it_o to_o be_v a_o oath_n and_o to_o have_v in_o it_o all_o the_o virtue_n of_o that_o sacred_a obligation_n if_o a_o vow_n according_a to_o

the_o common_a notion_n of_o it_o be_v sponsio_fw-la facta_fw-la deo_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la dei_fw-la a_o promise_n make_v unto_o god_n in_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n who_o so_o read_v the_o first_o second_v or_o last_o paragraph_n must_v certain_o see_v much_o of_o a_o vow_n in_o it_o and_o if_o the_o impose_v of_o it_o under_o penalty_n deliver_v any_o that_o have_v take_v it_o from_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o vow_n either_o through_o want_n of_o freedom_n or_o deliberation_n yet_o certain_o this_o will_v not_o excuse_v the_o first_o contriver_n and_o composer_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n at_o that_o time_n do_v not_o only_o make_v a_o promise_n and_o confirm_v it_o with_o a_o oath_n but_o vow_v in_o it_o a_o vow_n to_o the_o mighty_a god_n of_o jacob_n and_o stand_v concern_v to_o do_v according_a to_o the_o vow_n which_o they_o have_v vow_v that_o it_o be_v a_o covenant_n both_o with_o god_n and_o man_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o he_o who_o run_v may_v read_v it_o so_o far_o as_o it_o contain_v in_o it_o any_o promise_n make_v on_o our_o part_n for_o the_o do_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o word_n of_o god_n reveal_v to_o be_v his_o will_n concern_v we_o that_o we_o shall_v do_v either_o relate_v to_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o church_n or_o our_o own_o personal_a reformation_n or_o for_o the_o decline_a of_o what_o be_v contrary_a thereunto_o of_o which_o nature_n be_v much_o both_o in_o the_o first_o second_o and_o last_o paragraph_n of_o it_o it_o be_v unquestionable_o a_o covenant_n with_o god_n beside_o this_o the_o king_n parliament_z and_o people_n of_o the_o three-nation_n by_o it_o mutual_o covenant_v each_o with_o other_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o respect_v they_o in_o their_o several_a station_n either_o respect_v reformation_n or_o the_o preservation_n of_o each_o other_o mutual_a right_n the_o king_n covenant_v with_o his_o people_n that_o he_o will_v reform_v religion_n in_o doctrine_n worship_n and_o discipline_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o example_n of_o the_o best_a reform_a church_n that_o he_o will_v preserve_v the_o doctrine_n worship_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o also_o the_o parliament_n join_v with_o he_o as_o also_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o people_n liberty_n king_n and_o people_n covenant_n to_o preserve_v the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n the_o people_n covenant_n with_o the_o king_n to_o preserve_v his_o majesty_n person_n honour_n and_o authority_n etc._n etc._n throughout_o the_o whole_a there_o be_v a_o mutual_a stipulation_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o three_o nation_n each_o with_o other_o §_o 8._o so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o virtue_n in_o a_o promise_n from_o the_o truth_n of_o man_n by_o it_o lay_v to_o pawn_v and_o not_o to_o be_v redeem_v without_o a_o just_a fulfil_n of_o the_o thing_n promise_v if_o any_o religion_n in_o a_o oath_n because_o of_o the_o reverence_n we_o owe_v to_o the_o sacred_a name_n of_o god_n and_o because_o the_o lord_n will_v not_o hold_v he_o guiltless_a that_o take_v his_o name_n in_o vain_a if_o any_o obligation_n result_v from_o a_o vow_n because_o of_o the_o fealty_n which_o we_o owe_v unto_o god_n before_o and_o above_o all_o other_o if_o final_o a_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v his_o covenant_n from_o the_o consideration_n either_o of_o truth_n or_o justice_n it_o all_o contribute_v to_o the_o strength_n of_o this_o sacred_a bond_n by_o which_o all_o the_o soul_n that_o have_v take_v it_o in_o the_o three_o nation_n be_v this_o day_n bind_v to_o the_o almighty_a and_o each_o to_o other_o §_o 9_o and_o certain_o for_o those_o who_o be_v not_o so_o immediate_o concern_v but_o can_v glory_v that_o either_o they_o be_v not_o of_o age_n or_o that_o they_o be_v only_a stander_n by_o when_o other_o thus_o oblige_v themselves_o if_o there_o be_v any_o ingenuity_n in_o they_o any_o reverence_n of_o god_n any_o brotherly_a love_n or_o any_o good_a will_n to_o the_o land_n of_o their_o nativity_n they_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o be_v jealous_a for_o their_o brethren_n who_o have_v thus_o bind_v themselves_o with_o a_o godly_a jealousy_n lest_o while_o for_o such_o a_o presumptuous_a transgression_n as_o the_o violation_n of_o this_o sacred_a bond_n must_v be_v the_o wrath_n of_o the_o lord_n shall_v burn_v up_o the_o dwelling_n of_o transgressor_n their_o contiguity_n of_o habitation_n expose_v they_o to_o the_o danger_n in_o which_o it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o the_o justice_n of_o a_o righteous_a god_n to_o involve_v the_o neighbourhood_n of_o sinner_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o their_o concernment_n in_o the_o profane_v of_o the_o lord_n name_v who_o honour_n be_v equal_o impeach_v by_o our_o neighbour_n sin_n as_o by_o our_o own_o if_o they_o be_v lot_n their_o righteous_a soul_n will_v be_v vex_v with_o the_o evil_a conversation_n of_o their_o neighbour_n if_o david_n their_o eye_n will_v run_v down_o with_o river_n of_o water_n because_o other_o keep_v not_o god_n law_n which_o make_v the_o bold_a discourse_n of_o some_o not_o only_o to_o grate_v upon_o our_o ear_n but_o to_o pierce_v our_o heart_n whilst_o we_o hear_v they_o not_o only_o content_a to_o dispense_v with_o their_o own_o engagement_n but_o revile_v other_o who_o conscience_n can_v allow_v they_o that_o latitude_n or_o who_o take_v themselves_o concern_v to_o warn_v the_o soul_n commit_v to_o their_o charge_n to_o beware_v of_o so_o great_a a_o sin_n as_o that_o of_o perjury_n nay_o whilst_o we_o see_v they_o so_o ill_o employ_v their_o wit_n and_o pen_n as_o to_o invent_v strange_a distinction_n and_o assert_v position_n contrary_a to_o all_o divinity_n that_o they_o may_v not_o only_o break_v god_n commandment_n themselves_o but_o embolden_v other_o so_o to_o do_v as_o if_o they_o have_v a_o ambition_n to_o be_v degrade_v into_o the_o order_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v call_v the_o least_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n mat._n 5.19_o chap._n iii_o contain_v a_o corollary_n from_o the_o premise_n conclude_v the_o mistake_n of_o those_o who_o say_v a_o oath_n add_v no_o special_a obligation_n beyond_o the_o reason_n and_o religion_n of_o the_o matter_n from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o conclude_v that_o a_o promise_n a_o vow_n a_o oath_n or_o covenant_n or_o any_o form_n of_o obligation_n compound_v of_o two_o or_o more_o of_o these_o engage_v we_o to_o any_o future_a performance_n add_v to_o any_o praevious_a obligation_n which_o may_v before_o be_v upon_o we_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n eternal_a righteousness_n for_o whereas_o the_o matter_n of_o these_o may_v be_v either_o impossible_a or_o unlawful_a in_o which_o case_n the_o obligation_n be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la null_a and_o void_a and_o we_o be_v only_o bind_v to_o repentance_n or_o 2._o indefinite_a and_o uncertain_a in_o which_o case_n the_o obligation_n must_v be_v adjudge_v and_o determine_v when_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o the_o matter_n appear_v to_o we_o or_o 3._o necessary_a praevious_o require_v of_o we_o by_o some_o divine_a law_n or_o 4._o last_o free_a and_o indifferent_a neither_o part_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o where_o the_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v promise_v swear_v vow_a or_o covenant_v for_o be_v such_o as_o be_v in_o our_o own_o power_n our_o promise_n vow_v oath_n or_o covenant_n creat_v in_o we_o a_o obligation_n to_o that_o part_n which_o we_o have_v so_o bind_v ourselves_o for_o and_o deprive_v we_o of_o our_o former_a liberty_n in_o it_o and_o hence_o a_o oath_n or_o vow_n be_v call_v by_o divine_v lex_fw-la privata_fw-la a_o by-law_n which_o man_n have_v make_v unto_o himself_o and_o where_o the_o matter_n be_v necessary_a viz._n such_o as_o god_n law_n before_o have_v require_v of_o we_o any_o of_o these_o increase_n our_o obligation_n all_o casuist_n i_o think_v be_v thus_o far_o agree_v 6._o dr._n sanderson_n de_fw-fr juram_fw-la promise_v prael_n 3._o §._o 6._o ad_fw-la quae_fw-la praestanda_fw-la vel_fw-la injuratitenemur_fw-la say_v dr._n sanderson_n jurati_fw-la certè_fw-la multo_fw-la magis_fw-la tenemur_fw-la what_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v although_o we_o have_v never_o swear_v to_o the_o performance_n we_o be_v much_o more_o oblige_v to_o when_o once_o we_o have_v swear_v it_o nor_o be_v they_o the_o bare_a word_n letter_n or_o syllable_n of_o covenant_n or_o oath_n which_o as_o charm_n bound_v any_o man_n conscience_n but_o it_o be_v the_o rational_a act_n of_o the_o man_n who_o promise_v vow_v or_o swear_v yea_o his_o religious_a act_n which_o oblige_v he_o and_o that_o beyond_o the_o innate_a reason_n and_o religion_n of_o the_o matter_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o

of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la etc._n etc._n upon_o which_o they_o insist_v when_o they_o tell_v we_o such_o pretty_a story_n as_o these_o and_o then_o we_o shall_v shape_v a_o more_o particular_a answer_n to_o that_o cavil_n chap._n ix_o whether_o the_o error_n of_o any_o man_n conscience_n that_o take_v the_o covenant_n can_v discharge_v he_o from_o the_o observance_n of_o it_o §_o 1._o have_v thus_o far_o clear_v the_o covenant_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o from_o any_o guilt_n of_o unlawfulness_n per_fw-la se_fw-la either_o primario_fw-la or_o secundario_fw-la and_o show_v that_o it_o be_v neither_o contrary_n to_o the_o holy_a law_n of_o god_n nor_o yet_o to_o the_o good_a law_n of_o any_o community_n wherein_o we_o be_v involve_v that_o it_o do_v not_o bring_v we_o under_o the_o guilt_n of_o schism_n nor_o at_o all_o thwart_a any_o former_a oath_n nor_o yet_o kill_v itself_o by_o any_o private_a quarrel_n of_o any_o member_n or_o branch_n of_o it_o with_o this_o which_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o our_o debate_n we_o must_v in_o the_o next_o place_n inquire_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o unlawful_a ex_fw-la accedenti_fw-la thus_o say_v our_o reverend_a dr._n sanderson_n a_o oath_n may_v be_v ex_fw-la errore_fw-la personae_fw-la jurantis_fw-la or_o ex_fw-la effectu_fw-la malo_fw-la rei_fw-la juratae_fw-la from_o the_o error_n of_o the_o person_n swear_v or_o some_o ill_a effect_n of_o the_o thing_n swear_v either_o as_o it_o be_v impeditiva_fw-la boni_fw-la a_o hindrance_n of_o some_o good_a or_o occasionativa_fw-la mali_fw-la occasion_v some_o evil_n either_o temporal_a to_o ourselves_o or_o spiritual_a to_o another_o give_v he_o just_a cause_n of_o stumble_v and_o scandal_n §_o 2._o every_o reasonable_a christian_a will_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o oath_n as_o to_o the_o first_o take_v of_o it_o may_v be_v unlawful_a upon_o some_o of_o these_o account_n which_o yet_o be_v take_v aught_o to_o be_v keep_v thus_o the_o reverend_n dr._n sanderson_n determine_v concern_v oath_n take_v 15._o de_fw-fr jur._n prom_o prael_n 3._o sect_n 13_o 14_o 15._o expose_v ourselves_o to_o some_o great_a temporal_a damage_n which_o the_o psalmist_n also_o determine_v psal_n 15._o or_o which_o expose_v we_o to_o great_a temptation_n and_o concern_v oath_n take_v which_o give_v scandal_n and_o offence_n to_o other_o it_o may_v possible_o be_v that_o in_o regard_n of_o some_o such_o thing_n it_o may_v at_o first_o have_v be_v judge_v unlawful_a for_o some_o to_o have_v take_v such_o oath_n but_o be_v take_v say_v he_o they_o be_v obligatory_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v keep_v §_o 3._o there_o be_v therefore_o only_o two_o question_n can_v be_v make_v here_o 1._o whether_o a_o oath_n oblige_v where_o the_o matter_n be_v accidental_o unlawful_a at_o least_o presume_v to_o be_v so_o either_o from_o the_o error_n of_o the_o person_n swear_v or_o 2._o when_o it_o appear_v a_o obstacle_n to_o some_o good_a §_o 4._o as_o to_o the_o first_o the_o case_n be_v this_o whether_o suppose_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o covenant_n lawful_a if_o any_o man_n conscience_n tell_v he_o when_o he_o take_v it_o that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a or_o if_o it_o now_o tell_v he_o so_o he_o be_v yet_o oblige_v in_o conscience_n to_o do_v according_a to_o his_o oath_n §_o 5._o this_o case_n dr._n sanderson_n thus_o determine_v 1._o he_o say_v that_o the_o soul_n that_o take_v a_o oath_n concern_v which_o he_o be_v when_o he_o take_v it_o persuade_v in_o his_o own_o conscience_n that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a though_o it_o be_v a_o error_n of_o his_o conscience_n so_o to_o judge_v sin_v grievous_o 2._o he_o tell_v we_o such_o a_o oath_n do_v not_o oblige_v his_o erroneous_a persuasion_n still_o continue_v 3._o but_o in_o case_n he_o have_v take_v the_o oath_n and_o his_o conscience_n be_v afterward_o better_o inform_v his_o oath_n upon_o his_o better_a information_n oblige_v because_o in_o every_o oath_n there_o be_v a_o oblige_a virtue_n natural_a and_o inseparable_a etc._n etc._n §_o 6._o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o first_o and_o three_o branch_n of_o this_o determination_n from_o whence_o this_o follow_v that_o suppose_v any_o do_v take_v the_o covenant_n at_o first_o contrary_n to_o the_o dictate_v of_o his_o conscience_n yet_o if_o since_o he_o have_v see_v his_o conscience_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o a_o error_n he_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o first_o take_v of_o it_o perpetual_o oblige_v to_o a_o just_a observance_n of_o it_o the_o only_a thing_n in_o question_n here_o be_v this_o whether_o suppose_v that_o any_o when_o they_o first_o take_v the_o oath_n be_v under_o temptation_n of_o fear_n or_o profit_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o take_v a_o oath_n which_o their_o conscience_n tell_v they_o be_v unlawful_a and_o they_o bonâ_fw-la side_n think_v so_o still_o this_o error_n of_o their_o conscience_n suppose_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o covenant_n never_o so_o lawful_a in_o itself_o do_v not_o discharge_v they_o from_o any_o obligation_n to_o do_v according_a to_o what_o they_o have_v swear_v to_o the_o most_o high_a god_n §_o 7._o dr._n sanderson_n say_v it_o do_v discharge_v he_o and_o that_o such_o a_o oath_n do_v not_o oblige_v he_o the_o reason_n he_o give_v be_v this_o because_o a_o oath_n can_v take_v away_o a_o former_a obligation_n nor_o superinduce_v a_o contrary_a obligation_n to_o any_o which_o be_v before_o upon_o we_o but_o who_o so_o by_o swear_v oppose_v the_o dictate_v of_o his_o conscience_n cross_v that_o same_o dictate_v which_o be_v a_o former_a obligation_n upon_o he_o which_o this_o subsequent_a oath_n can_v not_o remove_v he_o therefore_o conclude_v concern_v such_o a_o oath_n quin_fw-la ipsum_fw-la potius_fw-la invalidum_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o vim_o obligandi_fw-la amittit_fw-la the_o term_n potius_fw-la speak_v to_o we_o that_o the_o reverend_a dr._n doubt_v himself_o whether_o indeed_o the_o error_n of_o conscience_n make_v void_a the_o oath_n §_o 8._o it_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a case_n the_o hinge_n of_o the_o question_n be_v how_o far_o the_o dictate_v of_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n do_v oblige_v we_o know_v divine_n say_v with_o dr._n sanderson_n that_o it_o do_v always_o oblige_v ad_fw-la non_fw-la faciendum_fw-la contra_fw-la 4.11_o amos_n casus_fw-la l._n 1._o cap_n 4.11_o to_o do_v nothing_o against_o it_o so_o also_o dr._n amos_n concern_v thing_n that_o be_v but_o lawful_a i.e._n which_o may_v be_v do_v or_o not_o be_v do_v he_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o it_o because_o a_o man_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o do_v all_o that_o be_v lawful_a but_o suppose_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v necessary_a i._n e._n such_o as_o god_n word_n oblige_v a_o man_n to_o do_v and_o a_o man_n erroneous_a conscience_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v it_o or_o have_v do_v it_o his_o conscience_n tell_v he_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o persist_v what_o shall_v he_o do_v in_o this_o case_n we_o doubt_v whether_o in_o this_o case_n he_o be_v discharge_v from_o the_o obligation_n of_o his_o oath_n by_o the_o error_n of_o his_o conscience_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n for_o when_o a_o man_n have_v swear_v the_o fulfil_n of_o his_o oath_n be_v a_o thing_n no_o long_o free_v to_o he_o but_o necessary_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o many_o precept_n of_o god_n charge_v he_o to_o take_v heed_n of_o swear_v false_o of_o take_v god_n name_n in_o vain_a etc._n etc._n and_o that_o under_o the_o high_a penalty_n so_o that_o he_o manifest_o sin_n if_o he_o do_v it_o not_o now_o it_o seem_v to_o we_o very_o hard_o to_o assert_v that_o a_o man_n error_n of_o conscience_n which_o be_v his_o sin_n shall_v absolve_v he_o from_o sin_n and_o discharge_v he_o of_o the_o obligation_n of_o his_o oath_n we_o suppose_v upon_o second_o thought_n no_o sober_a divine_a will_v maintain_v it_o §_o 9_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o misery_n of_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n be_v very_o great_a if_o any_o man_n have_v take_v the_o covenant_n and_o his_o conscience_n now_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o take_v a_o oath_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v unlawful_a for_o he_o to_o take_v and_o be_v take_v be_v unlawful_a to_o be_v keep_v if_o he_o do_v not_o keep_v it_o he_o most_o undoubted_o sin_v against_o god_n who_o oath_n he_o have_v violate_v and_o who_o precept_n he_o have_v disobey_v and_o contemn_v his_o threaten_n against_o such_o as_o swear_v false_o and_o yet_o the_o oath_n seem_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o he_o unclean_a so_o that_o if_o he_o do_v observe_v it_o he_o sin_v against_o the_o will_n of_o god_n say_v dr._n ames_n though_o not_o material_o and_o true_o yet_o formal_o and_o interpretative_o because_o what_o a_o man_n conscience_n dictate_v to_o he_o it_o dictate_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o god_n will_v concern_v he_o whether_o

it_o be_v so_o or_o no._n so_o that_o he_o be_v under_o a_o necessity_n of_o sin_v contract_v by_o his_o own_o fault_n and_o upon_o supposition_n that_o he_o retain_v this_o conscience_n which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o acquit_v himself_o of_o §_o 10._o we_o presume_v this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o very_a few_o in_o truth_n if_o it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o any_o we_o be_v afraid_a that_o at_o the_o great_a day_n they_o will_v find_v their_o oath_n oblige_v notwithstanding_o the_o error_n of_o their_o conscience_n if_o any_o only_a pretend_v such_o a_o thing_n to_o get_v quit_v of_o their_o oath_n let_v not_o our_o soul_n enter_v into_o their_o secret_n unto_o their_o assembly_n let_v not_o our_o honour_n be_v unite_v chap_n x._o the_o absolver_n plea_n against_o the_o covenant_n as_o impeditivum_fw-la boni_fw-la false_a and_o if_o true_a not_o conclusive_a according_a to_o casuist_n §_o 1._o we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o last_o pretence_n for_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o the_o covenant_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n from_o which_o some_o will_v infer_v the_o non-obligation_n of_o it_o some_o late_a absolver_n have_v confident_o tell_v the_o world_n that_o none_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o observance_n of_o oath_n further_o than_o till_o they_o see_v that_o their_o observance_n will_v hinder_v some_o good_a which_o may_v accrue_v from_o the_o violation_n of_o they_o which_o be_v once_o lay_v down_o for_o a_o principle_n it_o be_v but_o tell_v their_o proselyte_n that_o their_o persist_v in_o endeavour_n to_o extirpate_v the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n by_o archbishop_n bishop_n dean_n dean_n and_o chapter_n prebend_n chancellor_n commissary_n archdeacon_n will_v hinder_v the_o great_a good_a settlement_n order_n communion_n with_o the_o catholic_n church_n etc._n etc._n and_o they_o have_v present_o discharge_v all_o man_n soul_n as_o they_o think_v from_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o covenant_n §_o 2._o it_o be_v no_o dangerous_a matter_n we_o think_v to_o grant_v their_o principle_n and_o to_o challenge_v all_o of_o they_o to_o instance_n in_o any_o one_o particular_a piece_n of_o good_a which_o the_o restore_n of_o this_o government_n will_v put_v we_o in_o possession_n of_o more_o than_o any_o other_o government_n will_v do_v be_v it_o conformity_n to_o the_o apostolical_a or_o primitive_a church_n we_o challenge_v they_o all_o to_o prove_v any_o such_o form_n of_o government_n either_o in_o the_o apostle_n time_n or_o for_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n after_o be_v it_o conformity_n with_o the_o reform_a church_n be_v there_o any_o bishop_n in_o the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o scotland_n holland_n france_n be_v there_o any_o archbishop_n or_o any_o single_a person_n challenge_v sole_a power_n in_o ordination_n or_o jurisdiction_n in_o any_o other_o reform_a church_n whatsoever_o be_v there_o any_o dean_n prebend_n chancellor_n commissary_n archdeacon_n &c._n &c._n to_o be_v find_v among_o they_o indeed_o in_o the_o popish_a church_n there_o be_v no_o where_o else_o we_o think_v be_v the_o good_a they_o talk_v of_o order_n suppression_n of_o schism_n and_o error_n will_v not_o presbytery_n do_v the_o same_o think_v we_o if_o not_o what_o hinder_v certain_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n it_o will_v without_o it_o prelacy_n can_v do_v nothing_o §_o 3._o if_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o what_o be_v past_a we_o have_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o promise_v ourselves_o any_o such_o eminent_a good_a by_o prelacy_n under_o that_o government_n it_o be_v that_o so_o many_o godly_a learned_a and_o able_a minister_n be_v silence_v suspend_v imprison_v banish_a so_o many_o thousand_o of_o godly_a people_n force_v to_o leave_v their_o country_n imprison_v hunt_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o they_o and_o their_o family_n undo_v and_o all_o because_o they_o can_v not_o allow_v humane_a imposition_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o that_o god_n who_o be_v a_o spirit_n and_o will_v be_v worship_v in_o spirit_n and_o truth_n who_o require_v to_o be_v sanctify_v of_o they_o that_o draw_v nigh_o unto_o he_o leu._n 10.3_o and_o have_v reveal_v his_o wrath_n of_o old_a against_o the_o jew_n for_o do_v or_o allow_v that_o in_o his_o sanctuary_n which_o he_o command_v not_o this_o be_v the_o good_a england_n have_v former_o have_v by_o they_o for_o dean_n and_o prebend_n all_o the_o good_a they_o do_v be_v to_o eat_v up_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n enjoy_v profit_n and_o great_a revenue_n for_o no_o considerable_a service_n at_o all_o §_o 4._o but_o it_o must_v not_o be_v grant_v that_o our_o apprehend_v the_o observance_n of_o a_o oath_n as_o hinder_v some_o good_a which_o may_v accrue_v by_o the_o violation_n will_v discharge_v we_o of_o our_o obligation_n to_o observe_v it_o indeed_o gregor_n sayrus_n resolve_n that_o every_o private_a person_n have_v a_o power_n to_o commute_v a_o oath_n for_o something_o better_o but_o sylvester_n and_o other_o 15._o greg._n sayri_fw-la clavis_fw-la reg_fw-la l._n 5._o ca._n 8._o n._n 15._o oppose_v he_o and_o think_v the_o pope_n must_v first_o determine_v the_o good_a to_o be_v better_o soto_n sanches_n cajetan_n panormitane_n arragon_n and_o other_o do_v allow_v some_o case_n wherein_o they_o say_v a_o oath_n hinder_v some_o other_o good_a be_v void_a but_o they_o be_v all_o agree_v in_o several_a limitation_n 1._o it_o must_v be_v a_o great_a good_a which_o be_v hinder_v 2._o this_o great_a good_n must_v be_v no_o otherwise_o attaineable_a than_o by_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o oath_n for_o if_o we_o can_v keep_v our_o oath_n and_o obtain_v the_o good_a too_o unquestionable_o we_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o 3._o that_o melius_fw-la bonum_fw-la that_o great_a good_n must_v be_v certain_a not_o doubtful_a and_o disputable_a and_o only_o possible_a 4._o they_o all_o agree_v that_o the_o oath_n thus_o irritate_v and_o make_v void_a must_v be_v only_o make_v to_o god_n for_o say_v they_o if_o it_o be_v make_v to_o our_o brother_n also_o for_o his_o advantage_n much_o more_o if_o it_o be_v a_o covenant_n make_v with_o he_o upon_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n his_o consent_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o commutation_n before_o the_o oath_n can_v be_v make_v void_a now_o when_o our_o absolver_n shall_v have_v show_v we_o a_o good_a certain_o great_a than_o the_o peace_n of_o conscience_n which_o may_v be_v have_v from_o the_o keep_n of_o a_o lawful_a oath_n and_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o we_o that_o this_o good_a can_v no_o other_o way_n be_v attain_v than_o by_o break_v our_o covenant_n and_o that_o if_o we_o break_v it_o we_o may_v certain_o be_v put_v into_o possession_n of_o it_o and_o last_o that_o all_o the_o people_n of_o scotland_n and_o england_n mutual_o engage_v in_o this_o covenant_n have_v consent_v to_o the_o violation_n they_o shall_v have_v say_v something_o and_o till_o that_o time_n this_o plea_n consist_v of_o nothing_o but_o aery_a nonsignificant_a word_n §_o 5._o to_o return_v to_o our_o eminent_a dr._n sanderson_n he_o determine_v this_o case_n more_o like_o a_o divine_a than_o some_o other_o thus_o juramentum_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la illicitum_fw-la aut_fw-la obligandi_fw-la vim_o amittere_fw-la praecisè_fw-la ob_fw-la hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la videatur_fw-la esse_fw-la impeditivum_fw-la majoris_fw-la boni_fw-la 12._o de_fw-fr juram_fw-la prom_fw-la prael_n 3._o §._o 12._o i._n e._n a_o oath_n be_v not_o unlawful_a nor_o do_v it_o lose_v its_o obligatory_a virtue_n precise_o for_o this_o because_o it_o seem_v a_o obstacle_n to_o a_o great_a good_a unless_o say_v he_o other_o circumstance_n also_o concur_v as_o usual_o there_o do_v which_o either_o evince_n it_o unlawful_a or_o non-obliging_a he_o give_v this_o reason_n because_o in_o all_o case_n it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o every_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v what_o be_v best_a so_o that_o our_o brethren_n must_v desert_v this_o plea_n and_o find_v out_o something_o else_o to_o prove_v the_o oath_n unlawful_a or_o non-obligatory_a and_o indeed_o to_o grant_v that_o the_o prospect_n of_o a_o great_a good_a to_o be_v obtain_v by_o the_o violation_n of_o a_o oath_n will_v discharge_v we_o from_o its_o observance_n be_v to_o open_v such_o a_o gap_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o perjury_n as_o all_o may_v creep_v out_o at_o and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o manner_n of_o security_n which_o either_o god_n can_v have_v of_o his_o creature_n or_o man_n of_o his_o brother_n by_o any_o verbal_a obligation_n whatsoever_o but_o we_o have_v say_v enough_o to_o prove_v that_o nothing_o have_v be_v say_v against_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o covenant_n sufficient_a to_o prove_v it_o either_o unlawful_a or_o void_a and_o not_o obligatory_a chap._n xi_o the_o covenant_n clear_v from_o any_o fault_n as_o to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n whether_o external_a or_o internal_a sufficient_a to_o make_v it_o void_a be_v once_o take_v the_o plea_n from_o the_o suppose_a unlawfulnesse_n of_o

bed_n and_o v._o 12._o require_v of_o they_o to_o swear_v unto_o she_o by_o the_o lord_n that_o as_o she_o have_v show_v kindness_n unto_o they_o so_o that_o when_o they_o have_v conquer_v jericho_n they_o will_v save_v alive_a her_o father_n and_o her_o mother_n and_o her_o brethren_n and_o her_o sister_n and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v they_o swear_v according_o in_o the_o 6_o of_o joshua_n you_o read_v that_o jericho_n be_v take_v by_o the_o israelite_n v._n 22._o joshua_n command_v these_o spy_n to_o go_v into_o the_o harlot_n house_n and_o to_o bring_v out_o the_o woman_n and_o all_o that_o she_o have_v as_o they_o swear_v unto_o she_o if_o joshua_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o israelite_n have_v be_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o our_o late_a absolver_n how_o much_o may_v they_o have_v plead_v in_o discharge_n of_o this_o oath_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o there_o be_v a_o appearance_n of_o unlawfulness_n in_o it_o because_o of_o the_o command_n of_o god_n to_o destroy_v the_o canaanite_n and_o not_o to_o pity_v or_o spare_v they_o 2._o it_o be_v make_v without_o joshua_n advice_n 3._o it_o be_v impose_v by_o a_o unlawful_a power_n 4._o the_o man_n can_v not_o but_o fear_n that_o if_o they_o have_v refuse_v rahab_n may_v have_v discover_v they_o which_o have_v she_o do_v they_o must_v unquestionable_o have_v die_v but_o that_o age_n it_o seem_v be_v not_o so_o cunning_a to_o quit_v themselves_o of_o oath_n it_o be_v the_o probable_a opinion_n of_o magalianus_n that_o the_o precept_n of_o god_n for_o destroy_v the_o canaanite_n be_v with_o a_o exception_n to_o such_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v express_v signal_n kindness_n to_o the_o israelite_n and_o for_o other_o thing_n they_o be_v to_o learn_v that_o a_o oath_n take_v otherwise_o lawful_a be_v discharge_v by_o any_o such_o pretence_n §_o 9_o the_o second_o instance_n be_v that_o of_o zedekiah_n the_o story_n be_v this_o zedekiah_n be_v a_o three_o son_n of_o josiah_n the_o scripture_n mention_v three_o son_n of_o that_o good_a king_n jehoahaz_n who_o succeed_v josiah_n immediate_o jehoiachim_n and_o zedekiah_n call_v by_o his_o father_n mattaniah_n jehoahaz_n have_v reign_v wicked_o three_o month_n be_v overcome_v and_o carry_v into_o captivity_n by_o pharaoh_n necho_n king_n of_o egypt_n where_o he_o die_v for_o aught_o we_o know_v childless_a 2_o king_n 23.32_o 33_o 34._o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n set_v up_o in_o his_o stead_n eliakim_n a_o second_o son_n of_o josiah_n and_o turn_v his_o name_n to_o jehoiachim_n he_o reign_v 11_o year_n in_o his_o day_n nabuchadnezzar_n king_n of_o babylon_n conquer_v his_o land_n he_o die_v also_o and_o leave_v only_o one_o son_n mention_v in_o scripture_n jehoiachin_n call_v by_o the_o prophet_n jeremy_n also_o jeconiah_n and_o so_o ordinary_o by_o the_o 70_o interpreter_n jeremiah_n also_o in_o contempt_n call_v he_o coniah_n domini_fw-la nomen_fw-la à_fw-la regis_fw-la nomine_fw-la avulsum_fw-la fuit_fw-la say_v hierom._n this_o man_n die_v childless_a according_a to_o that_o jer._n 32.30_o write_v this_o man_n childless_a where_o and_o when_o he_o die_v the_o scripture_n speak_v not_o probable_o he_o die_v a_o prisoner_n in_o babylon_n 2_o chron._n 36.13_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n make_v mattaniah_n a_o three_o son_n of_o josiah_n brother_n by_o father_n and_o mother_n side_n to_o jehoahaz_n they_o be_v both_o the_o son_n of_o hamutal_a the_o daughter_n of_o jeremiah_n of_o libnah_n 2_o king_n 23.31_o ch_n 24.18_o king_n in_o his_o stead_n he_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o zedekiah_n by_o god_n 2_o chron._n 36.13_o that_o this_o oath_n be_v extort_a by_o fear_n be_v past_a denial_n zedekiah_n be_v of_o the_o king_n seed_n ezek._n 17.13_o son_n of_o josiah_n brother_n to_o jehoahaz_n uncle_n to_o jehoiachin_n or_o jechoniah_n there_o appear_v nought_o to_o the_o contrary_a but_o that_o he_o be_v the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n jehoahaz_n and_o jehoiachim_n be_v dead_a and_o probable_o jeconiah_n dead_v too_o sure_o we_o be_v he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o his_o liberty_n he_o can_v neither_o have_v this_o crown_n nor_o yet_o his_o liberty_n without_o take_v this_o oath_n to_o the_o usurper_n the_o king_n of_o babylon_n he_o must_v else_o have_v always_o live_v a_o slave_n to_o a_o pagan_a prince_n and_o have_v be_v in_o daily_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n and_o the_o more_o as_o the_o refuse_v such_o a_o oath_n will_v have_v render_v he_o to_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n as_o suspicious_a for_o hatch_n some_o design_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o own_o and_o his_o country_n liberty_n he_o take_v it_o and_o it_o be_v very_o like_a that_o he_o have_v some_o about_o he_o of_o the_o complexion_n of_o our_o late_a casuist_n who_o may_v tell_v he_o it_o be_v a_o oath_n against_o the_o law_n of_o israel_n impose_v by_o a_o usurper_n force_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o prisoner_n and_o therefore_o do_v not_o oblige_v what_o ever_o the_o motive_n be_v he_o break_v it_o and_o ezech._n 17.15_o send_v ambassador_n into_o egypt_n to_o give_v he_o horse_n and_o much_o people_n but_o observe_v how_o god_n take_v this_o whether_o he_o also_o concur_v that_o zedekiahs_n oath_n and_o covenant_n be_v null_a and_o void_a god_n declare_v his_o sense_n of_o it_o by_o the_o prophet_n ezech._n chap._n 17._o under_o the_o parable_n of_o two_o eagle_n and_o a_o vine_n from_o v._o 1._o to_o v._o 11._o he_o expound_v this_o parable_n ver_fw-la 11._o &_o sequent_a say_v now_o to_o the_o rebellious_a house_n etc._n etc._n v._o 12._o behold_v the_o king_n of_o babylon_n be_v come_v to_o jerusalem_n and_o have_v take_v the_o king_n thereof_o and_o the_o prince_n thereof_o and_o lead_v they_o with_o he_o into_o babylon_n v._o 13._o and_o have_v take_v of_o the_o king_n seed_n and_o make_v a_o covenant_n with_o he_o and_o have_v take_v a_o oath_n of_o he_o he_o have_v take_v also_o the_o mighty_a of_o the_o land_n v._o 14._o that_o the_o kingdom_n may_v be_v base_a that_o it_o may_v not_o lift_v up_o itself_o but_o that_o by_o keep_v of_o his_o covenant_n it_o may_v stand_v v._o 15._o but_o he_o rebel_v against_o he_o send_v ambassador_n into_o egypt_n that_o they_o may_v give_v he_o chariot_n and_o horse_n etc._n etc._n may_v he_o not_o do_v so_o notwithstanding_o his_o oath_n according_a to_o our_o new_a casuist_n the_o oath_n be_v null_a and_o void_a zedekiah_n be_v a_o prisoner_n the_o jew_n in_o captivity_n zedekiah_n have_v never_o swear_v to_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n sure_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v to_o recover_v his_o right_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v afraid_a of_o death_n or_o imprisonment_n or_o perpetual_a exile_n certain_o he_o can_v not_o offend_v god_n in_o violate_v such_o a_o force_a oath_n but_o it_o seem_v the_o thought_n of_o god_n be_v otherwise_o for_o the_o prophet_n go_v on_o shall_v he_o prosper_v shall_v he_o escape_v that_o do_v such_o thing_n or_o shall_v he_o break_v the_o covenant_n and_o be_v deliver_v v._o 16._o as_o i_o live_v say_v the_o lord_n god_n sure_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o king_n live_v that_o make_v he_o king_n who_o oath_n he_o despise_v and_o who_o covenant_n he_o break_v even_o with_o he_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o babylon_n he_o shall_v die_v v._o 18._o see_v he_o despise_v the_o oath_n by_o break_v the_o covenant_n when_o lo_o he_o have_v give_v his_o hand_n and_o do_v all_o these_o thing_n he_o shall_v not_o escape_v v._o 19_o therefore_o thus_o say_v the_o lord_n god_n as_o i_o live_v sure_o my_o oath_n that_o he_o have_v despise_v and_o my_o covenant_n that_o he_o have_v break_v even_o it_o will_v i_o recompense_v upon_o his_o head_n be_v it_o possible_a now_o that_o any_o own_n the_o name_n of_o divine_n and_o interpreter_n of_o scripture_n shall_v tell_v we_o that_o oath_n extort_a by_o fear_n do_v not_o oblige_v §_o 10._o nor_o have_v our_o absolver_n any_o better_a encouragement_n from_o the_o suffrage_n of_o divine_n in_o the_o case_n whether_o they_o be_v ancient_a or_o modern_a papist_n or_o protestant_n azorius_fw-la tell_v we_o it_o be_v communis_fw-la sententia_fw-la the_o common_a sense_n of_o divine_n that_o oath_n so_o extort_a do_v bind_v in_o conscience_n sanches_n say_v that_o quidam_fw-la antiqui_fw-la some_o old_a divine_n do_v think_v they_o do_v not_o oblige_v but_o who_o they_o be_v we_o can_v find_v 3_o aq._n 21_o ae_z q._n 89._o art_n 7._o resp_n ad_fw-la 3_o sure_o we_o be_v that_o aquinas_n sayrus_n azorius_fw-la filiucius_n sanches_n al._n hales_n bonaventure_n richardus_fw-la gabriel_n john_n bacon_n panormitan_n durandus_fw-la scotus_n estius_n soto_n cajetan_n navarrus_n suarez_n valentia_n layman_n antoninus_n dr._n ames_n dr._n sanderson_n baldwin_n etc._n etc._n all_o determine_v that_o such_o oath_n do_v oblige_v some_o of_o

time_n however_o forget_v now_o that_o every_o oath_n which_o any_o man_n have_v make_v and_o can_v keep_v without_o the_o hazard_n of_o his_o eternal_a salvation_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v in_o this_o rule_n also_o agree_v sanchez_n suarez_n molina_n etc._n etc._n §_o 19_o six_o because_o the_o performance_n of_o a_o promise_v ratify_v by_o such_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o virtuous_a action_n suppose_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o promise_n lawful_a though_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a yet_o when_o we_o have_v promise_v it_o the_o performance_n become_v actus_fw-la virtutis_fw-la for_o no_o act_n individuo_fw-la be_v indifferent_a whatever_o it_o may_v be_v in_o specie_fw-la sanches_n say_v true_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o make_v a_o oath_n oblige_v that_o the_o matter_n be_v necessary_a it_o be_v enough_o if_o it_o be_v free_a and_o indifferent_a and_o if_o no_o more_o yet_o a_o oath_n make_v it_o necessary_a as_o to_o we_o and_o a_o promise_n in_o such_o a_o matter_n say_v cajetan_n who_o argument_n this_o be_v be_v a_o virtuous_a act_n and_o such_o must_v the_o fulfil_n of_o it_o be_v §_o 20._o seven_o a_o multiplication_n of_o ineffectual_a cause_n though_o it_o impli_v a_o addition_n to_o their_o number_n yet_o it_o add_v nothing_o to_o their_o weight_n say_v filiucius_n here_o be_v two_o cause_n in_o the_o present_a case_n which_o may_v be_v pretend_v why_o such_o oath_n shall_v not_o oblige_v 1._o the_o injury_n 2._o the_o fear_n both_o these_o be_v inoperative_a and_o ineffectual_a single_o 1._o fear_v alone_o will_v not_o nullisie_v a_o oath_n as_o we_o say_v before_o a_o oath_n into_o which_o a_o lawful_a power_n do_v fright_v his_o subject_n by_o penalty_n be_v yet_o obligatory_a and_o grant_v so_o by_o all_o 2._o the_o injury_n of_o a_o usurp_a power_n will_v not_o do_v it_o without_o fear_n casuist_n agree_v that_o oath_n otherwise_o lawful_a impose_v by_o unlawful_a power_n if_o once_o take_v do_v oblige_v now_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n that_o these_o two_o ineffectual_a cause_n shall_v joint_o do_v what_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o they_o can_v single_o and_o apart_o this_o be_v filiucius_n his_o argument_n §_o 21._o eight_o justice_n require_v that_o a_o condition_n lawful_a to_o be_v perform_v by_o i_o shall_v be_v make_v good_a to_o another_o 15._o de_fw-fr jur._n prom_o prael_fw-it 4_o sect._n 15._o when_o i_o have_v obtain_v the_o end_n for_o which_o i_o so_o engage_v dr._n sanderson_n speak_v like_o a_o divine_a in_o this_o case_n every_o conditional_a covenant_n the_o condition_n be_v fulfil_v oblige_v whence_o both_o he_o and_o other_o conclude_v that_o if_o any_o man_n have_v swear_v to_o a_o thief_n that_o upon_o consideration_n that_o he_o shall_v spare_v his_o life_n he_o will_v pay_v to_o he_o such_o or_o such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v it_o §_o 22._o nine_o say_v dr._n sanderson_n we_o ought_v always_o to_o suspect_v our_o carnal_a wisdom_n and_o reason_n as_o contrary_a to_o purity_n of_o heart_n and_o peace_n of_o conscience_n but_o what_o can_v be_v call_v wisdom_n of_o the_o flesh_n if_o this_o be_v not_o to_o oppose_v our_o own_o reason_n without_o any_o warrant_n of_o scripture_n to_o the_o express_a and_o severe_a letter_n of_o scripture_n concern_v the_o obligation_n of_o oath_n §_o 23._o last_o say_v dr._n sanderson_n which_o be_v also_o observe_v by_o baldwin_n in_o the_o case_n the_o heathen_n stand_v upon_o record_n commend_v to_o posterity_n for_o the_o not_o violate_v such_o oath_n among_o who_o be_v regulus_n so_o high_o as_o we_o remember_v commend_v by_o augustine_n and_o pompnius_n the_o tribune_n honour_v by_o tully_n who_o yet_o elsewhere_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o different_a mind_n to_o divine_n in_o this_o case_n §_o 24._o upon_o these_o and_o the_o like_a reason_n we_o with_o the_o generality_n of_o divine_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o in_o all_o age_n conclude_v against_o the_o sciolist_n and_o novellist_n in_o divinity_n of_o this_o present_a age_n that_o oath_n extort_a by_o fear_n be_v if_o otherwise_o lawful_a notwithstanding_o such_o fright_n or_o pretend_a force_n obligatory_a §_o 25._o in_o which_o conclusion_n divine_n be_v so_o high_o agree_v that_o they_o not_o only_o determine_v the_o traveller_n bind_v to_o pay_v the_o sum_n of_o money_n which_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o pay_v to_o a_o thief_n for_o the_o spare_n of_o his_o life_n but_o also_o that_o he_o who_o be_v just_o imprison_v and_o in_o danger_n yea_o certain_a to_o lose_v his_o life_n if_o he_o return_v to_o his_o keeper_n hand_n have_v seal_v his_o parol_n with_o his_o oath_n that_o he_o may_v have_v a_o liberty_n of_o breathe_v in_o the_o open_a air_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o return_v yea_o the_o most_o though_o vasquez_n corruvias_n and_o some_o other_o dissent_v determine_v he_o so_o bind_v though_o he_o be_v unjust_o and_o unlawful_o imprison_v §_o 26._o we_o shall_v only_o add_v this_o that_o if_o this_o new_a divinity_n be_v allow_v in_o the_o world_n that_o oath_n to_o which_o one_o be_v fright_v do_v not_o oblige_v the_o wide_a floodgate_n imaginable_a will_v be_v set_v open_a to_o perjury_n it_o be_v but_o for_o any_o subject_a to_o say_v he_o be_v by_o the_o penalty_n annex_v fright_v into_o the_o take_n of_o his_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o obedience_n to_o his_o superior_n and_o he_o will_v be_v discharge_v but_o enough_o for_o such_o a_o piece_n of_o licentious_a doctrine_n not_o fit_a to_o ba_o mention_v among_o christian_n chap._n fourteen_o the_o absolver_n plea_n from_o the_o pretend_a sinfulness_n of_o the_o end_n of_o the_o covenant_n examine_v whether_o the_o deformity_n of_o the_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n can_v make_v it_o not_o obligatory_a the_o contrary_a prove_v the_o absolver_n plea_n from_o hence_o atheological_a and_o vain_a §_o 1._o have_v thus_o far_o patient_o hear_v the_o clamour_n of_o our_o new_a casuist_n against_o the_o obligatory_a virtue_n of_o the_o covenant_n because_o of_o the_o suppose_a failer_n as_o to_o the_o material_a and_o efficient_a cause_n of_o it_o whether_o more_o external_a or_o internal_a we_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n examine_v it_o as_o to_o the_o formal_a cause_n under_o which_o head_n casuist_n examine_v whether_o those_o oath_n be_v lawful_a or_o obligatory_a where_o no_o word_n be_v use_v or_o where_o man_n swear_v not_o by_o the_o live_a god_n but_o by_o some_o creature_n how_o far_o the_o intention_n of_o he_o that_o swear_v be_v necessary_a and_o discourse_n concern_v equivocation_n and_o mental_a reservation_n with_o many_o other_o but_o we_o do_v not_o find_v any_o of_o they_o snarl_v at_o the_o covenant_n upon_o any_o of_o these_o account_n though_o we_o believe_v too_o many_o of_o they_o have_v mentem_fw-la injuratam_fw-la there_o be_v only_o one_o case_n more_o relate_v to_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o covenant_n which_o need_v be_v speak_v to_o §_o 2._o a_o great_a sin-absolver_n much_o improve_v a_o fancy_n in_o order_n to_o the_o irritation_n of_o the_o covenant_n that_o the_o design_n of_o it_o be_v only_o to_o engage_v the_o scot_n with_o the_o parliament_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o covenant_n be_v mere_o politic_a and_o unlawful_a the_o covenant_n must_v needs_o also_o be_v void_a and_o null_a §_o 3._o his_o sacred_a majesty_n who_o have_v as_o much_o reason_n as_o any_o other_o to_o judge_v uncharitable_o of_o the_o end_n in_o impose_v and_o take_v that_o covenant_n yet_o be_v more_o charitable_a he_o as_o we_o say_v before_o profess_v himself_o to_o have_v so_o much_o charity_n as_o to_o believe_v that_o many_o good_a man_n intention_n in_o take_v that_o covenant_n be_v to_o preserve_v religion_n in_o purity_n and_o the_o kingdom_n in_o peace_n §_o 4._o but_o for_o once_o suppose_v that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o covenant_n have_v some_o obliquity_n in_o it_o it_o be_v worthy_a the_o inquire_v where_o our_o modern_a casuist_n learn_v this_o divinity_n that_o the_o obliquity_n or_o unlawfulness_n of_o the_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n do_v render_v it_o once_o take_v void_a and_o not_o oblige_v i_o be_o sure_a 9_o de_fw-fr jur._n prom_n .._o prael_n 6._o sect._n 14._o bald._n casus_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 9_o not_o of_o dr._n sanderson_n he_o teach_v they_o the_o quite_o contrary_a baldwin_n will_v have_v learn_v they_o to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o a_o act_n and_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o good_a may_v result_v from_o it_o he_o will_v have_v tell_v they_o that_o if_o a_o adulterer_n have_v swear_v that_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o child_n by_o a_o adulteress_n he_o will_v then_o do_v some_o high_a service_n for_o god_n he_o be_v bind_v have_v that_o child_n to_o do_v the_o good_a service_n if_o a_o prince_n swear_v a_o service_n to_o god_n if_o he_o return_v safe_a from_o a_o

scotland_n and_o our_o brethren_n in_o england_n engage_v with_o we_o but_o it_o confirm_v a_o solemn_a vow_n and_o promise_v make_v to_o god_n in_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n for_o such_o certain_o be_v the_o government_n of_o his_o church_n reformation_n in_o doctrine_n worship_n and_o discipline_n according_a to_o his_o word_n etc._n etc._n now_o ab_fw-la homine_fw-la ea_fw-la sola_fw-la relaxari_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la homini_fw-la facta_fw-la sunt_fw-la 7_o dr._n sanderson_n ibid._n prael_n 7_o say_v dr._n sanderson_n man_n can_v only_o release_v for_o themselves_o 2._o according_a to_o the_o doctor_n six_o determination_n suppose_v that_o god_n be_v not_o interest_v as_o a_o party_n but_o the_o covenant_n be_v a_o mere_a civil_a pact_n between_o man_n and_o man_n yet_o all_o party_n must_v release_v before_o the_o relaxation_n can_v be_v good_a as_o to_o the_o whole_a obligation_n we_o have_v swear_v to_o maintain_v the_o king_n person_n honour_n and_o authority_n 2._o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n if_o indeed_o his_o majesty_n or_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n by_o any_o of_o their_o act_n to_o release_v we_o they_o may_v do_v it_o as_o to_o their_o own_o peculiar_a concern_v and_o interest_n but_o we_o have_v also_o in_o the_o covenant_n swear_v to_o the_o nation_n of_o scotland_n and_o to_o our_o brethren_n in_o england_n for_o their_o profit_n and_o advantage_n and_o unquestionable_o our_o brethren_n in_o scotlnnd_n look_v upon_o the_o abolition_n of_o the_o english_a hierarchy_n as_o to_o its_o ancient_a form_n as_o a_o thing_n high_o tend_v to_o their_o advantage_n and_o so_o do_v many_o in_o england_n both_o minister_n and_o people_n who_o have_v woeful_o suffer_v under_o it_o now_o how_o a_o release_n shall_v be_v good_a unless_o from_o all_o person_n and_o party_n concern_v we_o be_v yet_o to_o learn_v if_o any_o one_o say_v what_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n or_o scotland_n do_v all_o the_o people_n be_v bind_v up_o in_o we_o answer_v not_o as_o to_o release_n obligation_n contract_v by_o oath_n we_o presume_v our_o brethren_n will_v not_o determine_v so_o in_o other_o case_n we_o have_v swear_v out_o the_o pope_n supremacy_n in_o england_n we_o hope_v our_o brethren_n will_v not_o say_v that_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o which_o god_n forbid_v any_o such_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v will_v discharge_v those_o that_o have_v take_v that_o oath_n from_o the_o observance_n of_o it_o 3._o concern_v dr._n sanderson_n 2_o 3_o and_o four_o determination_n there_o may_v be_v some_o question_n if_o a_o man_n swear_v to_o another_o for_o his_o advantage_n we_o be_v apt_a to_o believe_v the_o oath_n bind_v in_o conscience_n though_o he_o to_o who_o we_o swear_v know_v not_o of_o it_o much_o less_o apert_o accept_v and_o ratify_v it_o suppose_v a_o man_n swear_v to_o breed_v up_o his_o child_n to_o learning_n or_o to_o a_o trade_n etc._n etc._n we_o believe_v the_o oath_n will_v bind_v though_o the_o child_n do_v not_o like_o it_o etc._n etc._n there_o may_v also_o appear_v some_o doubt_n about_o the_o power_n of_o he_o to_o who_o we_o swear_v to_o release_v we_o in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n because_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o from_o every_o such_o oath_n there_o result_v a_o double_a obligation_n 1._o to_o man_n 2._o to_o god_n now_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o man_n shall_v discharge_v god_n debt_n dr._n sanderson_n aware_a of_o this_o exception_n answer_v that_o in_o a_o promise_n make_v 7._o dr._n sanderson_n ib._n prael_n 7._o mere_o far_o the_o advantage_n of_o another_o and_o confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n god_n be_v only_o invoke_v as_o a_o witness_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o our_o heart_n in_o promise_v and_o challenge_v as_o a_o revenger_n in_o case_n we_o violate_v our_o faith_n so_o confirm_v but_o if_o the_o party_n release_v we_o our_o faith_n be_v not_o violate_v so_o that_o no_o injury_n be_v do_v to_o god_n in_o it_o we_o think_v this_o as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v say_v whether_o sufficient_a or_o no_o we_o will_v not_o here_o inquire_v this_o not_o at_o all_o concern_v our_o case_n we_o conclude_v then_o that_o as_o we_o can_v see_v no_o error_n in_o the_o efficient_a material_a formal_a or_o final_a cause_n of_o this_o oath_n of_o god_n which_o be_v upon_o we_o sufficient_a to_o discharge_v we_o from_o the_o obligation_n of_o it_o consider_v thing_n as_o they_o be_v now_o state_v and_o that_o the_o oath_n be_v take_v so_o we_o can_v believe_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o save_o god_n alone_o by_o dispensation_n irritation_n commutation_n or_o relaxation_n to_o discharge_v we_o from_o a_o endeavour_n to_o perform_v it_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o term_n endeavour_n remain_v yet_o to_o be_v measure_v by_o we_o with_o a_o reed_n from_o the_o sanctuary_n and_o that_o shall_v be_v our_o last_o task_n chap._n xvi_o concern_v the_o limitation_n of_o the_o covenant_n common_a to_o all_o premissory_a oath_n or_o particular_o relate_v to_o this_o what_o endeavour_v as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o covenant_n be_v not_o require_v §_o 1._o such_o be_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o god_n over_o all_o such_o the_o power_n which_o the_o divide_v law_n have_v reserve_v to_o superior_n such_o our_o own_o ignorance_n and_o infirmity_n of_o which_o yet_o in_o due_a time_n we_o may_v be_v convince_v and_o such_o the_o mutability_n of_o humane_a affair_n that_o divine_v reasonable_o say_v that_o to_o all_o promissory_a oath_n certain_a condition_n though_o not_o express_v be_v yet_o necessary_o to_o be_v suppose_v viz._n si_fw-mi deus_fw-la voluerit_fw-la if_o god_n will_v otherwise_o the_o performance_n will_v be_v impossible_a 2._o if_o lawful_o i_o may_v otherwise_o the_o oath_n will_v be_v vinculum_fw-la iniquitatis_fw-la and_o make_v we_o debtor_n to_o hell_n 3._o save_v the_o right_a of_o my_o superior_a for_o as_o we_o say_v before_o god_n have_v reserve_v to_o some_o superior_n a_o power_n of_o irritation_n or_o suspend_v rather_o such_o obligation_n 4._o if_o thing_n continue_v in_o their_o present_a state_n §_o 2._o as_o the_o three_o must_v not_o be_v understand_v otherwise_o than_o we_o have_v before_o prove_v so_o the_o last_o must_v not_o be_v take_v in_o its_o latitude_n for_o then_o such_o be_v the_o contingency_n and_o vicissitude_n of_o humane_a affair_n that_o very_o few_o promissory_a oath_n relate_v to_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v at_o any_o distance_n of_o time_n will_v be_v find_v oblige_v it_o be_v true_a if_o the_o state_n of_o the_o case_n be_v so_o alter_v that_o it_o will_v be_v sin_n for_o we_o to_o fulfil_v our_o oath_n the_o oath_n will_v not_o oblige_v such_o be_v the_o instance_n casuist_n give_v of_o a_o oath_n to_o give_v a_o sword_n to_o one_o who_o before_o he_o receive_v it_o from_o we_o prove_v mad_a 2._o and_o when_o the_o state_n of_o the_o case_n be_v so_o alter_v that_o the_o plain_a end_n of_o the_o oath_n and_o the_o expectation_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v appear_v frustrate_v the_o oath_n be_v only_o make_v to_o a_o creature_n for_o his_o or_o her_o advantage_n it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o the_o oath_n oblige_v yea_o or_o no_o such_o be_v that_o other_o case_n put_v by_o casuist_n where_o one_o have_v swear_v marriage_n to_o another_o and_o before_o the_o time_n of_o marriage_n come_v he_o discern_v she_o have_v be_v defile_v by_o another_o in_o which_o case_n his_o refusal_n to_o marry_v be_v little_a other_o than_o a_o bill_n of_o divorce_n allow_v by_o god_n law_n in_o case_n of_o adultery_n as_o this_o be_v after_o such_o a_o contract_n in_o god_n sight_n but_o none_o of_o these_o will_n at_o present_a gratify_v our_o absolver_n §_o 3._o some_o therefore_o have_v observe_v the_o express_a limitation_n in_o the_o term_n of_o the_o covenant_n 1._o we_o will_v endeavour_v 2._o in_o our_o calling_n and_o place_n 3._o so_o far_o as_o lawful_o we_o may_v and_o god_n forbid_v the_o term_n shall_v have_v be_v any_o other_o far_o be_v it_o from_o we_o to_o assert_v that_o a_o man_n be_v tie_v by_o his_o oath_n beyond_o his_o endeavour_n yea_o and_o lawful_a endeavour_n and_o in_o his_o call_v too_o we_o say_v that_o the_o utmost_a that_o any_o conscientious_a christian_a be_v by_o the_o oath_n tie_v to_o be_v his_o utmost_a lawful_a endeavour_n in_o his_o call_v as_o a_o parliament-man_n as_o a_o magistrate_n as_o a_o minister_n as_o a_o private_a person_n according_a to_o his_o present_a capacity_n or_o future_a capacity_n and_o if_o by_o endeavour_v honest_o and_o lawful_o he_o can_v attain_v his_o end_n it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o sit_v down_o and_o commit_v his_o soul_n and_o his_o cause_n to_o god_n who_o doubtless_o will_v accept_v the_o sincerity_n of_o his_o heart_n only_o we_o hope_v it_o

other_o who_o in_o conscience_n can_v submit_v etc._n etc._n be_v not_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n oblige_v etc._n etc._n and_o that_o a_o free_a consultation_n and_o debate_n be_v have_v with_o the_o assembly_n of_o divine_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n twenty_o of_o his_o majesty_n nomination_n be_v add_v unto_o they_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v determine_v by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o two_o house_n how_o the_o say_a church-government_n and_o form_n of_o public_a worship_n after_o the_o say_a time_n may_v be_v settle_v or_o soon_o if_o difference_n be_v agree_v we_o wonder_v where_o episcopacy_n be_v here_o include_v sure_o we_o be_v the_o proposition_n send_v be_v for_o the_o utter_a abolish_n of_o it_o by_o this_o first_o essay_n the_o reader_n may_v judge_v what_o to_o conclude_v m._n russel_n assertion_n and_o to_o show_v that_o that_o parliament_n never_o intend_v to_o annul_v the_o bond_n of_o the_o covenant_n they_o no_o soon_o meet_v anno_fw-la 1659._o but_o order_v it_o to_o be_v hang_v up_o before_o their_o eye_n in_o the_o parliament_n house_n for_o a_o continual_a monitor_n to_o they_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o mr._n prin_fw-mi &_o doubtless_o high_o prevail_v both_o with_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o member_n and_o also_o of_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o long_a parliament_n to_o further_o the_o restore_n of_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n therefore_o sure_o it_o be_v not_o annul_v by_o that_o parliament_n 1648._o in_o any_o man_n understanding_n but_o only_o according_a to_o the_o peculiar_a intellect_n of_o this_o sin-absolver_n §_o 6._o in_o the_o first_o page_n of_o his_o book_n we_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n that_o though_o his_o zeal_n appear_v high_a for_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n it_o must_v not_o he_o say_v be_v impose_v without_o great_a prudence_n nor_o take_v without_o great_a care_n etc._n etc._n nor_o handle_v without_o great_a fear_n etc._n etc._n yet_o he_o have_v omit_v one_o main_a thing_n viz._n this_o nor_o violate_v without_o just_a warrant_n from_o god_n word_n let_v that_o be_v put_v in_o and_o we_o be_v so_o far_o agree_v §_o 7._o in_o his_o second_o page_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v wonderful_o free_a he_o will_v grant_v we_o by_o way_n of_o supposition_n all_o but_o one_o point_n he_o will_v suppose_v it_o to_o have_v be_v 1._o impose_v by_o a_o lawful_a authority_n 2._o not_o defective_a in_o circumstance_n 3._o clear_a from_o ambiguity_n 4._o perfect_a in_o form_n 5._o pious_a in_o the_o end_n 6._o fair_a in_o the_o manner_n without_o fraud_n violence_n with_o deliberation_n and_o consent_n 7._o as_o to_o the_o matter_n lawful_a only_o he_o will_v not_o grant_v we_o that_o it_o can_v be_v release_v by_o any_o humane_a act_n or_o power_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v say_v this_o man_n have_v make_v we_o rich_a we_o will_v yield_v he_o all_o again_o but_o the_o seven_o and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o give_v we_o that_o we_o will_v buy_v it_o of_o he_o at_o a_o full_a price_n of_o reason_n and_o argument_n such_o as_o shall_v be_v currant_n with_o all_o divine_n we_o will_v suppose_v that_o at_o first_o it_o be_v not_o impose_v by_o a_o lawful_a authority_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v a_o defect_n in_o the_o circumstance_n 3._o that_o as_o to_o some_o part_n there_o be_v ambiguity_n 4._o that_o it_o be_v not_o perfect_a in_o the_o form_n 5._o that_o the_o end_n be_v not_o pious_a 6._o that_o there_o may_v be_v fraud_n or_o force_n or_o too_o much_o haste_n in_o the_o take_n or_o impose_v it_o and_o yet_o what_o the_o book_n in_o chinkeford_n study_v say_v we_o can_v tell_v our_o divinity_n book_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o oath_n take_v notwithstanding_o all_o these_o will_v oblige_v as_o for_o what_o he_o hug_v so_o fast_o that_o he_o will_v not_o grant_v it_o we_o though_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o tell_v he_o all_o learned_a man_n that_o ever_o we_o hear_v of_o will_v yet_o we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o unclasp_v his_o hand_n and_o try_v if_o we_o can_v get_v it_o by_o fair_a wrestle_n with_o this_o great_a champion_n be_v well_o assure_v he_o will_v refuse_v upon_o any_o fair_a ground_n to_o try_v a_o fall_n with_o we_o upon_o this_o issue_n and_o that_o all_o divine_n of_o judgement_n will_v hiss_v at_o he_o that_o do_v it_o but_o he_o tell_v we_o page_n 2._o that_o he_o will_v by_o sufficient_a argument_n and_o testimony_n prove_v that_o the_o same_o specifical_a power_n or_o a_o high_a than_o that_o which_o impose_v this_o vow_n upon_o we_o may_v release_v we_o from_o the_o same_o either_o tacit_o or_o express_o when_o he_o have_v do_v that_o he_o must_v prove_v too_o that_o they_o have_v do_v it_o §_o 8._o it_o be_v reason_n we_o shall_v listen_v to_o this_o great_a undertake_n only_o we_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o take_v notice_n that_o himself_o both_o here_o and_o elsewhere_o call_v it_o a_o vow_n which_o according_a to_o all_o divine_n be_v a_o solemn_a promise_n make_v to_o god_n in_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n from_o such_o a_o obligation_n as_o this_o he_o undertake_v to_o prove_v our_o discharge_n and_o yet_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o p._n 14._o in_o those_o oath_n where_o god_n be_v judge_n and_o party_n there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v release_v from_o the_o bind_a power_n but_o god_n alone_o we_o will_v fain_o know_v whether_o in_o a_o vow_n god_n be_v not_o judge_n and_o party_n and_o what_o divine_v ever_o say_v otherwise_o or_o to_o who_o a_o vow_n be_v make_v if_o not_o to_o god_n and_o then_o let_v this_o author_n advise_v how_o to_o reconcile_v himself_o to_o himself_o and_o he_o will_v be_v more_o likely_a to_o agree_v with_o we_o §_o 9_o the_o foundation_n of_o his_o argumentation_n be_v the_o power_n of_o man_n in_o some_o case_n to_o release_v the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o their_o neighbour_n the_o truth_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v declare_v in_o the_o word_n of_o dr._n sanderson_n 230._o dr._n sanderson_n de_fw-fr jur._n prom_o prael_n 7_o §._o 7._o p._n 229_o 230._o have_v first_o determine_v that_o none_o can_v discharge_v we_o from_o vow_n he_o tell_v we_o 2._o that_o if_o we_o swear_v for_o the_o good_a and_o advantage_n of_o our_o brother_n mere_o viz._n with_o respect_n to_o his_o single_a honour_n obedience_n profit_n etc._n etc._n if_o he_o to_o who_o we_o swear_v for_o such_o his_o sole_a profit_n and_o advantage_n will_v release_v we_o we_o be_v discharge_v from_o our_o oath_n and_o not_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o fulfil_v it_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o our_o brother_n may_v yield_v we_o his_o right_n and_o so_o we_o have_v pay_v the_o debt_n which_o do_v we_o be_v not_o oblige_v as_o for_o god_n in_o a_o oath_n make_v praecise_a in_o favorem_fw-la alterius_fw-la mere_o for_o our_o brother_n advantage_n god_n be_v only_o concern_v as_o a_o witness_n of_o our_o fidelity_n and_o a_o revenger_n in_o case_n we_o be_v not_o faithful_a but_o if_o our_o brother_n have_v discharge_v we_o we_o be_v not_o unfaithful_a in_o not_o do_v the_o thing_n and_o so_o no_o transgressor_n before_o god_n §_o 10._o but_o although_o we_o have_v say_v this_o before_o and_o now_o again_o to_o let_v our_o sin-absolver_n know_v we_o have_v no_o such_o desire_n as_o he_o suggest_v p._n 2._o to_o snare_v people_n conscience_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o think_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o be_v prove_v from_o the_o instance_n of_o abraham_n and_o his_o servant_n gen._n 24._o which_o he_o make_v the_o whole_a business_n of_o his_o book_n how_o fit_o will_v appear_v by_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o just_a view_n of_o the_o text._n §_o 11._o in_o the_o 24._o of_o genesis_n abraham_n call_v the_o elder_a servant_n of_o his_o house_n and_o bid_v he_o put_v his_o hand_n under_o his_o thigh_n and_o he_o will_v make_v he_o swear_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o take_v a_o wife_n for_o isaac_n of_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o canaanite_n etc._n etc._n but_o v._o 4._o thou_o shall_v go_v unto_o my_o country_n and_o to_o my_o kindred_n and_o take_v a_o wife_n to_o my_o son_n isaac_n ver._n 5._o and_o the_o servant_n say_v unto_o he_o peradventure_o the_o woman_n will_v not_o be_v willing_a to_o follow_v i_o unto_o this_o land_n must_v i_o needs_o bring_v thy_o son_n again_o unto_o the_o land_n from_o which_o thou_o come_v and_o abraham_n say_v beware_v that_o thou_o bring_v not_o my_o son_n thither_o again_o v._o 8._o and_o if_o the_o woman_n will_v not_o be_v willing_a to_o follow_v thou_o than_o thou_o shall_v be_v clear_a from_o my_o oath_n etc._n etc._n after_o all_o this_o v._o 9_o the_o servant_n put_v his_o hand_n under_o the_o thigh_n of_o abraham_n his_o master_n and_o swear_v to_o he_o concern_v that_o matter_n here_o we_o have_v abraham_n discover_v to_o his_o servant_n a_o