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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A59170	Medea a tragedie / written in Latine by Lucius Annæus, Seneca ; Englished by E.S., Esq., with annotations.; Medea. English	Seneca, Lucius Annaeus, ca. 4 B.C.-65 A.D.; Sherburne, Edward, Sir, 1618-1702.	1648 (1648)	Wing S2513; ESTC R17531	52,518	122

not seldome endangered the dashing out of one anothers Brains and therefore they usually wore a Helmet or Cap of defence especially for their eares All the Art in this was to avoid the blowes not by running back but by the dexterous motion of the Body Scaliger seemes to deride the opinion of those who make this Cestus to be a Staffe wound about with the Lora and Plummet of Lead hung at the end Vid. S•…al l. 1. Poet 27 So fade the Pleiads c. The Pleiads are said by some to be the Daughters of Lycurgus who ruled in the Island of Naxos who for that they were the Nurses of Bacchus were said to be constellated by Iupiter They were seven in Number their Names Celano Sterope Merope Alcynoe Maita Taygeta and Electra which last as Aratus sayes is scarce to be seene And for that reason by some thought to be so called others fable that for shame she obscures her selfe for as much as all the rest of her Sisters were married to Gods and she alone had a Mortall to her husband Proclus Diadochus upon Hesiod reports them to be the Daughters of Atlas begotten on the Nymph Pleione from whence they are said to take their Denomination who conceives them to be no other then the assisting Angells or Intelligences of the Seaven Spheares Allotting Celaeno to the Sphere of Saturne S•…erope to Iupiters Merope to that of Mars Aclynoe to the Sphere of Venus Maia to Mercuries Taygeta to the Moons and Electra to the Suns their Scituation according to Ovid in Phaenomenis and Servius in Virgil ante genua tauri Pleiades ante genu septemradiare feruntur Sed tantum apparet sub opaca septima nube Seav'n Pleiads 'fore the knees of Taurus shine Darke clouds the seaventh hardly seene confine Pliny places them in Cauda Tauri reprehended by Ioseph Scaliger in his Manilian Annotations since the Bull is but halfe body'd his upper parts as Ovid sayes onely appearring as cut off in the middle about which Caesure the Pleiades are seated So called either from their pluralitie or from the Greeke which signifies to saile in regard that upon their rising was the Season for Navigation as in the Latine Vergiliae from the Vernall Season the time wherein they arise Plin. l. 2. c. 41. 28 Phaenician Dye Purple or Scarlet the best being that of Tyre a Citie of Phaenicia near which the Scarlet-fish 〈◊〉 taken that yeelds that dye See Salmuthius upon Panci•…llus de rebus Perditis nuprimè Inventis 29 From Phasis horrid Bed Medea was called Phasis Colchis of the River Phasis and Region of Colchos as being by some conceived to be there borne though Pindarus in the thirteenth Ode of his Olympicks seemes to make Corinth the Countrey of Medea and not Colchos yet so may she justly be called in regard that her Father Aeeta leaving his Principalitie of Corinth or exchanging it for Colchos there raigned 30 Faire Issue of the God of Wi•…e Hymen was said to be the Sonne of Bacchus and Venus Catullus makes the Muse Urania his Mother and •…ome Apollo his Father The same with the Greekes sayes Scaliger as Thalassius with the Romans By the Indians as Boccace in Geneolog Deor. writes stil'd the God of the Night Of all the Deieties chiefly invoked at Nuptialls Lactanti•…s reports that Hymen was a beautifull Youth of Athens who for the love of a young Virgin in the habit of one disguised performing the Eleusinian Rites was with divers other Maids of that Citie taken and carryed away by Pyrats and by them supposing him a Maid lodg'd with his Mistresse Who when the Pyrats were asleepe cut their throats and then running before to Athens told the Parents of the Maids that if amongst the rest they would assure him of her whom he affected he would restore their Daughters Which being granted him and the Marriage proving fortunate it grew into a Custome afterward at Nuptialls to invoke the name of Hymen Of whom and of his severall Duties it will not be amisse as a Corollary to adde what is elegantly sung by Martianus Capella in these following Verses Tu quem psallentem Thalamis quem matre Camaena Progenitum perhibent Cepula Sacra Deûm Semina qui arcanis stringens pugnantia vinclis Complexuque sacro dissona nexa foves Namque Elementa ligas vicibus mundumque maritas Atque auram mentis corporibus socias Faedere complacito subquo natura jugatur Sexus concilias sub amore fidem O Hymenaee decens Cypridis tu maxima Cura Hinc tibi nam flagrans ore cupido micat Seu tibi quod Bacchus Pater est placuisse chore as Cantare ad Thalamos seu Genitricis habes Co•…ere verniferis florentia lamina sertis Seu consanguineo Gratia trina dedit Thou Muse-borne Who at Bridalls chant'st whose hands Doe Link the Deieties in Sacred Bands Who jarring seeds in Mystick knots dost chaine Discordants knit in concord dost maintaine Marry'st the World the Elements dost bind In mutuall ties to Bodies wedd'st the Mind Whose pleasing Yoake Nature her selfe doth prove Sexes unit'st mak'st Faith strike league with Love O Gracefull Hymen Joy of Erycine For in thy flagrant lookes hence love doth shine Whether the measur'd Brawles in that thy Sire Was Bacchus or to chant i'th'Nuptiall Quire In that a Muse thy Mother thou affect'st Or Gates with flowers the Graces Kinsman deck'st 31 'T is time to light thy carved Pine After the Nuptiall Supper was ended and the Dances done the Pronuba which was usually the Mother of the Bride taking the Bride by the hand led her to the Geniall Bed though others will have this to be done by Youths the nearest of Kinne of the Fathers or Mothers side Before them according to the manner of the Greekes went a Youth in a long Robe representing the Person of Hymen bearing a Torch of Pine or White-thorn by Pliny reported to be held omniū Auspicatissima After followed two others according to the manner of the Romans bearing a Distaffe and Spindle after the Custome of the Greekes a Sive or Boulter and a Pestle and Morter signifying how the Bride was to employ her future time And with these Ceremonies brought to the Bride Chamber she was there by the Bridegroome unvailed Vid. Plutarch in Romulo Scal. Scal. Poet l. 3. 32 With Wine-wet-fingers then put out The Solemne Flame c. This Verse I have thus rendred though contrary to the sense of Delrius who would have excute which Irender put out or shake out to tosse or make to blaze as being induc'd by the more plausible Interpretation of M. Farnaby Who conceives it was the Office of Hymen at Nuptialls to extinguish the Bridall Taper as well as light it I find it was the Custome likewise before the Torches were put out for the Pronuba to light the Nuptiall Lampe which was to be kept constantly burning by Night and that done all the Tapers were extinguished Which that they were not layd

of Oakes to penetrate the Earth and Globe of the Moone as Pliny sayes l. 2. Nat. Hist. c. 7. And as Plutarch writes to discerne Ships from Sicily weighing Anchor in some Parts of Africk being no lesse then 1500 Stadia Though all Mathematicians deny any visible object upon Earth or at Sea to be discerned the tenth part of such a distance adde beside the Gibbositie or convexitie of the Sea or Earth which in so great a distance must needs intercept the sight If any thing yet might be said to hinder the penetrating sight of Lynceus But the Fable of his wonderfull Perspicacitie seemes to arise from his cunning in finding out of Gold Mines which he discovered with such certaintie that thereupon the ignorant vulgar reported he could see into the Bowels of the Earth See Hygin de Poet Fabul l. 1. Here our Author seemes to adhere to the Opinion of the Stoicks and Piatonists who will have Vision to be by Emission of Radii or Beames from the sight to the Object oppugned by the Peripatetticks and the best Masters of the Opticks who say That Vision is by Radii extrinsecally flowing from the visible Object to the sight the Object being illuminated by the light and the Radii or light proceeding from that illuminated Body striking the Eye whose Radii extending in forme of a Pyramid whose Vertex or Point is in the Eye and Basis in the thing visible Vid. quae Alhaz c. 5. l. 1. As likewise what that Ornament of our Nation and Learning the Viscount of S. Albons sayes of Vision in his Natur. Hist. p. 65. 72. 144. c. 9 And all the Minyae People of Thessaly so called of Orcomenus a River of that Countrey formerly called Minyëus supposed to be the Sonne of Neptune Or as Apollonius writes l. 5. from the Daughters of Minyas perhaps after the manner of the Carians who as Herodotus report took their Names from their Mothers The Minyae were likewise of Baeotia called Minyae Orchomenii as some will from Minyas and Orchomenus his Sonne inhabiting the Citie of Orcomenus from him so called But the Minyae properly so termed were those dwelling about Iolcos 10 Creon Thy knees wee touch'd and did implore The Faith of thy Protecting hand c. The Antients made severall Parts of man the Seates of severall morall Vertues and Vices assigning modest shamefacenesse to the Fore-head the contrary vice to the Mouth Irrision and Sagacitie to the Nose Judgement to the Eare Pride and disdaine to the Eye-browes Pittie to the Knees which Suppliants us'd when they made their requests with Reverence to touch and imbrace The hand was the Pledge of Faith as Cicero sayes in the second of his Phillipp Those hands which were the Pledges of Faith are now violated with perfidious Wickednesse Which in the Act of Promise or Paction was held forth and touched by the Suppliant the reason as Varro gives it in that the Authoritie of the Antients consisted in the Power and strength of the hand Plutarch reports That the Flamins were wont to performe divine Rites Manu ad digitos in•… symbolically signifying That Faith is inviolably to be kept and that the hand was it 's consecrated Seat Upon the CHORUS 11 Rash man was he with Ships fraile-Beake Did first the treacherous Billowes breake This suits with that of Horace Illi Robur as triplex c. to which may be applyed the Answer of Carfilides Who being asked his Opinion what he thought of the Sea and Sea-men answered That there was nothing more treacherous then the first and that the others were it's Comrades 12 Drawne to too thin Dimensions farre 'Twixt Life and Death too poor ' a barre Alluding perhaps to that Apothegme of Anacharsis in Laertius That the distance betwixt death and those in a ship at Sea was no more then the thicknesse of the Barke Of which thus Iuvenall Inune ventis animum committe dolato Confisus ligno digitis à morte remotus Quatuor aut septem sisit latissima T•…da Satyr 12. Goe trusting in a treacherous Plank but foure Poore Inches distant or but seav'n if more From death and to the winds thy life commit 13 The stormy Hyad's A Constellation as Aratus writes of seven according to Proclus of six as Hesiod will of five Stars in the fore-head of the Bull whose rise and set was the Cause of Storms and Tempests These were the daughters of Atlas who so excessively bewail'd the death of their Brother Hyas torne in pieces by a Lyon that from him they tooke their Denomination and by the Commiserating Gods were converted into Stars Vid. Higyn astronom. Poet 13 Th' Olenian Goats bright Starre c. The Amalthaean Goat fained by Poets to be the Nurse of Iupiter so called from Olenum a Towne of Achaia neere which she gave him suck For which benefit she was afterwards by Iupiter translated among the Stars of her we have spoken already in the Annotations upon the first Chorus 14 Nor those which that old lazy Swaine Bootes drives the Northerne Waine c. Bootes is otherwise called Arctophylax whose first name as Manilius sayes is given him in that Bootes Quòd stimulo junctis instat de more Iuvencis Manil. l. 1. seu Sphaera He seemes with goad t' incite his yoaked Steeres The Northerne Waine consists of seven Starres in the Constellation of the greater Beare which is in all made up of 24 foure of which on the side of the Beare making by their Postures the Forme of a Quadrangle are called the Waine the three on her Taile if a Beare may be said to have one the Oxen Neare which Bootes being plac'd is stil'd the Waggoner or Driver called here lazy in regard of his slow Motion by reason of his Vicinitie to the Pole 15 The Pine of Thessaly c. Argos built of Thessalian Pines Thessaly being a Region of Greece abounding in Mountaines and Woods of Argos see more after 16 Argos selfe was then struck mute Argos was said to be indu'd with voice and more then that with Prophecy being by Valerius Flaccus in the first of his Argonauticks called Fa•…idicam ratem but more peculiarly the Mid-Mast of the Ship which was placed by Pallas her selfe and cut from the Dodonaean Oake which gave Oracles 16 When those Rocks that bound The Entrance to the Pontick Sound These are two Rocks in the Mouth of the Straits of the Thracian Bosphorus called Cyanae and Symplegades The first name given them in regard of their black Colour and the other in that as the Poets faign'd they justly against one another with violent concursions The ground of that Fictionarising for that to the Saylor in regard of their neer distance the Motion of the Ship and Sea they seemd now to part and then againe to close Or as I•…remias Hoelzinus in his Notes upon Apol. l. 2. vers. 608. writes In that the broken Rocks lying in the Sea in a manner close up the narrow straits

Paganisme 〈◊〉 upon the like Occasion 36 And here our Author cannot be excused of an Ana•…ronisme since Corinthian Brasse in Medea's time was of no more value then any other untill as Pliny writes l. 34. c. 1. The Citie of Corinth being taken and burnt by the Romans in the 156 Olympiall and 607 yeares after the building of the Citie of Rome divers Brazen Statua's being melted with other Vessells of Gold and Silver in that generall Conflagration and mixing together from thence arose that celebrated vaine of Brasse so much esteem'd of by the Romans that as our fore-cited Author reports they held it to be in value ante argentum ac penè etiam ante Anrum 37 Upon this blood-stai•…'d Turfe our Sacrifice To thee Wee make It was the manner of the Antient Witches to offer their •…ellish Sacrifices on an Altar of Turfe digging a Trench about it which they commonly did with their Nailes and therein to poure the blood of a Black Lamb for Nigra Triformi Hostia mactatur Deae sayes Silius Ital. l. 1. Medea to make her Sacrifice more horrid empties her own vaines as in the following Verses to supply that divellish Ceremony But of the manner of these Sacrifices heare Apollonius l. 3. Argonautic•…n {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} When humid Night just halfe her Course hath runne Goe to th' untroubled Brooke where wash'd alone Clad in a sable Vesture dig a Pit Then of a female Lamb the Throat strait slit And o're the Pit a Pile erected fire And the crude victime lay thereon entire Then Perseus sole-borne Hecate appease Wit pour'd on hony wrought by labouring Bees And that thy Worke may with successe be sign'd With Pray'rs propitiate her sterner Mind Which done Goe from the flaming Pile Nor let The Noyse of barking Dogs or trampling Feet Make thee on that revert thy looke againe If so thy Sacrifice proves all in vaine 38 This funerall Torch supplyes Nocturnall fires snatch'd from the flaming Pile The Lamiae of antient times used to burne Lights in their Nefandous Mysteries observed likewise by those of latter times in whose Conventions as Delrius reports Ignis accensus erat ut plurimùm Teter horridus Nor would any Torch or Brand serve them so well in their infernall Rites as that which was snatch'd from a Funerall Pile Remigius in his second Booke of Daemonolatreia c. 3. relates a most Prodigious story of two moderne Witches who having digged up two buried Carcases and burnt them to Ashes all but the right Arme of one of them made thereof a Torch to give light to their Acts of darknesse The fingers ends of the dissected Arme all the while they were about their devillish Work burning with a blew and Sulphury flame Which when the flame their Ceremonies done was extinguished remain'd notwithstanding intire and as if untouch'd by the fire 39 To thee our head We tosse with neck bow'd c. The Gestures and Actions which were used by the antient Witches in their Ceremonies Adorandi gratia were most preposterous perpetuated by the Maintainers of their abhorred Arts at this day who in their Conventions when they adore the Devill President of their meeting doe it as Del Rius reports l. 2. Q. 16. with their back towards him not bowing their heads downward but tossing them up and reclining them backward so that their Chins respect the Heavens 40 That thus O Persis c. Hecate so called being the Daughter of Perseus and Neece of Iupiter or as some will the Daughter of Iupiter and Asteria Bacchylides saies she was {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Daughter of Torch-bearing large bosom'd Night 41 He who rues his heavenly theft with still Renewed liver Of Prometheus being bound to the Mountaine Caucasus where an Eagle still tir'd upon his Liver we have in part already spoken a Fable sufficiently knowne yet was he at length by Iupiter releast from thence though the God to save his oath caus'd one of his fingers to be bound with a hoope or Ring of Iron made of a peece of his Chain and in it a stone taken from the Mountain to which he was bound From hence as Pliny writes in the Proem of his 38 booke came the Custome of wearing Rings in memory of Promethens at the first made of Iron and so along time worn by the Romans afterward of gold Vid. Salmuth Pancir l. 1. 42 The Triple-shap'd Chimaera c. Chimaera by Fulgentius is thus described A Monster of a triple forme the fore-parts representing a Lyon the midst a Goat and the hinder parts a Dragon Solinus writes that the Chimera was not a Beast but a Mountaine of Lycia ejecting flames from the top thereof neare which Lyons were wont to harbour in the midst were fields in which Goats us'd to feed and the bottome was infested with Serpents Lycophrons Paraphrastes sayes otherwise who makes Chimera to be a woman of that name the Daughter of Amisodarns Governour of Lycia who with her two Brothers Drace and Leo having seiz'd upon certaine Straits or Passages spoyl'd and slew all that travelled that way These 3 in that they joyn'd together unanimously to the Ruine of others gave occasion of the Fable of this triple-shap'd Monster as the usuall ordering of their Forces the positure of their shapes For in the Front or Van Leo still fought in the midst or battell Chimera and in the Reare Draco Bellerophon having vanquished these in fight was therefore faigned to have slaine this Monster Vid. Plut. in l. de Virtutibus Mulier de Bollerophonte et Chimaera 43 Medusa's Gall c. Medusa was the daughter of Phorcus who had besides her two other Daughters their names were Euriale and Sthenio these inhabited the Islands called Dorcades in the Aethiopick Sea opposite to Hesperides they were said to have but one eye in common amongst them Snaky Tresses Tuskes like Boares Brazen hands and Golden wings Some say they were all of admirable equall form and beauty on whom who ever looked were strook with admiration and stupisying astonishment from whence sprung the Fable that the sight of them converted men into Stones Called Gorgons as some think of their nimblenesse and agility There be who report if this be not the greater Fiction that in Libya there is a kinde of Beast call'd a Gorgon not much unlike to a Sheep his head shaggy with haire hanging over his eyes when shaking his haire from his eyes and erecting his head hee kills those that see him with his very look The haire of Medusa which was once her greatest ornament was by Pallas converted into Snakes as a punishment inflicted upon her for suffering her selfe to be abused by Neptune in her Temple Her Snake-hair'dhead was afterward cut off by Perseus and by him in the Constellation is held forth called the Devills head and Caput Algol Vid. Ovid Met. l. 3. 4. Natal Comet l. 7. c. 12. 44 Our Prayers are heard thrice Hecat ' bark'd aloud