Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	write_v	year_n	youth_n	30	3	7.6296	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A18501	Of wisdome three bookes written in French by Peter Charro[n] Doctr of Lawe in Paris. Translated by Samson Lennard; De la sagesse. English	Charron, Pierre, 1541-1603.; Lennard, Samson, d. 1633.; Hole, William, d. 1624, engraver.	1608 (1608)	STC 5051; ESTC S116488	464,408	602

visible world as in the figure of a small point and there reade that generall and constant varietie in all things so many humours iudgements beleefes customes lawes so many alterations of states changes of fortune so many victories and conquests buried and forgotten so many pomps and greatnesses vanished as if they had neuer been Heereby a man may learne to know himselfe to admire nothing to thinke nothing new or strange to settle and resolue himselfe in all things For the better attaining of this vniuersall spirit this generall indifferencie we are to consider these foure or fiue points The great inequalitie and difference of men in their nature forme composition whereof we haue spoken The great diuersitie of lawes customes maners religions opinions whereof we will speake heereafter The diuers opinions reasons sayings of Philosophers touching the vnitie and pluralitie the eternitie and temporalitie the beginning and end the durance and continuance the ages estates changes and interchangeable courses of the world and the parts thereof The Egyptian priests told Herodotus that since their first King which was aboue eleuen thousand yeares before the picture and statue of whom and of all that succeeded him they shewed him drawne to the life the Sun had changed his course four times The Chaldeans in the time of Diodorus as he saith Cicero had a register of seuen hundred thousand yeares Plato saith they of the citie of Sais had memorials in writing of eight thousand yeares and that the citie of Athens was built a thousand yeares before the said citie of Sais Zoroaster Plinie and others haue affirmed that Socrates liued six thousand yeares before the time of Plato Some haue said that the world hath been from all eternitie mortall and growing and being againe by interchangeable courses Others and the more noble Philosophers haue held the world for a god made by another god greater than it or as Plato auerreth and others argue from the motions thereof that it is a creature composed of a bodie and of a soule which soule lodging in the centre thereof disperseth and spreadeth it selfe by musicall numbers into the circumference and parts thereof the heauen the starres composed of bodies and of a soule mortall by reason of their composition immortall by the decree and determination of the Creator Plato saith that the world changeth countenance in all respects that the heauen the starres the sunne change and quite alter by turnes their motions in such sort that that which was first is last the East is made the West and according to the ancient and most authenticall opinion and of the more famous spirits worthie the greatnes of God and founded vpon reason there are many worlds in so much that there is nothing one and only in this world all kinds are multiplied in number whereby it seemeth not to haue semblance of truth that God hath made this only worke without companion and that all is concluded in this one indiuiduum at the least diuinitie saith that God could make many and infinite worlds for if he could make no more but this one visible his power should be finite because the world is such By that which we haue learned of the discouerie of the new world the East and West Indies we see first that all our ancient writers haue beene deceiued thinking to haue found the measure of the habitable earth and to haue comprehended the whole Cosmographie except some scattered Ilands doubting of the Antipodes for now behold another world almost such as ours is and that all vpon firme land inhabited peopled politiquely gouerned distinguished by realmes and Empires beautified with cities that excell in beautie greatnesse opulencie all those of Asia Africa Europe many thousand yeares ago And who doubteth but that in time heereafter there will be discouered diuers others If Ptolemy and other our ancient Writers haue been heeretofore deceiued why should not he be likewise deceiued that affirmeth that all is alreadie found and discouered Say it he that will I will beleeue him as I list Secondly we see that the Zones which were thought inhabitable by reason of their excessiue heate and cold are habitable Thirdly that in these new countries almost all things which we so much esteeme of heere and hold that they were first reuealed and sent from heauen were commonly beleeued and obserued from whence they came I will not say who dares determine it Yea many of them were in vse a thousand yeares before we heard any tidings of them both in the matter of religion as the beleefe of one only man the father of vs all of the vniuersall deluge of one God who sometimes liued in the forme of a man vndefiled and holy of the day of iudgement the resurrection of the dead circumcision like to that of the Iewes and Mahumet And in the matter of policie as that the elder sonne should succeed in the inheritance that he that is exalted to a dignitie loseth his owne name takes a new tyrannicall subsidies armories tumblers musicall instruments all sorts of sports Artillerie Printing From all these discourses we may easily draw these conclusions That this great bodie which we call the world is not that which we thinke and iudge it to be That neither in the whole nor parts thereof it is alwaies the same but in perpetuall flux and reflux That there is nothing said held beleeued at one time and in one place which is not likewise said held beleeued in another yea and contradicted reprooued condemned else-where the spirit of man being capable of all things the world alwaies tumbling sometime the same sometimes diuers That all things are setled and comprehended in this course and reuolution of nature subiect to increase changing ending to the mutation of times places climats heauens aires countries And from these conclusions we learne to marie our selues to sweare to nothing to admire to trouble our selues at nothing but whatsoeuer shall happen whatsoeuer men talke of and trouble themselues about to resolue vpon this point that it is the course of the world that it is nature that worketh these things but yet wisely to prouide that nothing hurt vs by our own weaknes and deiection of mind Enough is said of this perfect libertie of iudgement established by these three parts to iudge of all to iudge nothing to be vniuersall wherein I haue the rather insisted because I know that it pleaseth not the palat of the world it is an enemie to pedanterie as well as wisdome but yet it is a faire floure or ornament of wisdome which preserueth vs from two contrarie rocks whereon the vulgar sort do commonly lose themselues that is to say from being headie opinatiue shamefull gainsayers repenters mutable and a man maintaineth himselfe in a sweet peaceable and assured modestie and great libertie of spirit noble and magnificall vniuersalitie This is that great qualitie and sufficiencie of Socrates the Coricaeus of the wise by the confession of all of whom it is said

nec formidabilium appetitio diligentissima Seneca in tutela sui fortitudo est eadem patientissima eorum quibus falsa species malorum est Vertue cannot be without knowledge and apprehension a man cannot trulie contemne the danger which he knoweth not if a man will also acknowledge this vertue in beasts And indeed they that ordinarilie attempt without any foresight or knowledge when they come to the point of execution the sent is their best intelligence The third condition this is a resolution and stayednes of the mind grounded vpon the dutie and the honestie and Bodily strength iustice of the enterprise which resolution neuer slacketh whatsoeuer hapneth vntill he haue valiantlie ended the enterprise or his life Many offend against this condition first and more grossely they that seeke this vertue in the body and in the power and strength of the limmes Now valour is not a qualitie of the bodie but of the mind a setled strength not of the armes and legs but of the courage The estimation and valure of a man consisteth in his heart and will heere lieth his true honor and the only aduantage and the true victorie ouer his enemie is to terrifie him and to arme himselfe against his constancie and vertue all other helps are strange and borowed strength of armes and legs is the qualitie of a porter to make an enemie to stoope to dazell his eies at the light of the sunne is an accident of fortune He whose courage faileth not for any feare of death quelleth not in his constancie and resolution and though he fall is not vanquished of his aduersarie who perhaps may in effect be but a base fellow but of fortune and therefore he is to accuse his owne vnhappinesse and not his negligence The most valiant are oftentimes the most vnfortunate Moreouer they are deceiued which disquiet themselues and make account of those vaine Thrasonicall brags of such swaggering Braggadochios who by their loftielooks and braue words would win credit of those that are valiant and hardie if a man would do them so much fauour to beleeue them Moreouer they that attribute valour to subtiltie and craft 6 Arte and industrie or to arte or industrie do much more prophane it and make it play a base and abiect part This is to disguise things and to place a false stone for a true The Lacedemonians permitted no Fencers nor master-Wrestlers in their cities to the end their youth might attaine thereto by nature and not by arte We account it a bold and hardie thing to fight with a Lion a Beare a wilde Bore which encounter a man onely according to nature but not with Waspes for they vse subtiltie Alexander would not contend in the Olympique games saying there was no equalitie because a priuate man might ouercome and a king be vanquished Moreouer it is not fitting for a man of honour to trie and aduenture his valour in a thing wherein a base fellow instructed by rule may gaine the prise For such victory commeth not of vertue nor of courage but of certaine artificiall tricks and inuentions wherein the basest will doe that which a valiant man knoweth not neither should he regard to doe it Fencing is a tricke of arte which may be attained by base persons and men of no account And although infamous and ruffinlike fellowes are apt to fight or doe any thing in cities or townes with the dexteritie of the sword if they see an enemie would they not runne away Euen so is it in that which is attained By long habit and custome as builders tumblers mariners who vndertake dangerous things and more difficult than the most valiant being trained and instructed therein from their youth Finally they which consider not sufficiently the motiue 7 Passion and circumstance of actions wrongly attribute to valour and vertue that which appertaineth and belongeth to some passion or particular intent Eor as it is not properly vertue nor iustice to be loyall and officious towards some which a man particularly loueth nor temperance to abstaine from the carnall pleasure of his sister or of his daughter nor liberalitie towards his wife and children so is it not true valour to aduenture himselfe to any danger for his owne benefit and particular satisfaction Wherefore if it be good for gaine as spies pioners traitors merchants on the sea mercenarie souldiers if for ambition or reputation to be esteemed and accounted valiant as the most part of our men of warre who say being naturally caried thereunto that if they thought they should lose their life would not goe if wearie of his life through paine and griefe as the souldier of Antigonus who liuing in extreame torment by the meanes of a fistula he had was hardie to attempt all dangers being healed auoided them if to preuent shame captiuitie or any other euill if through furie and the heat of choler to be brief if by passion or particular consideration as Aiax Catiline it is neither valour nor vertue Sicut non martyrem poena sic nec fortem pagna sed causa fecit The fourth condition It ought to bee in the execution 8 Indiscretion therof wise and discreet whereby many false opinions are reiected in this matter which are not to hide themselues from those euils and in conueniences that threaten them neither to feare lest they surprise vs nor to flie yea not to feele the first blowes as the noise of thunder or shot or the fall of some great building Now this is to vnderstand amisse for so that the minde remaine firme and entire in it owne place and discourse without alteration hee may outwardly disquiet and make a stirre He may lawfully yea it is honorable to ouerthrow to vndoe and to reuenge himselfe of euils by all meanes and honest indeauors and where there is no remedie to carrie himselfe with a setled resolution Mens immota manet lachrymae voluuntur inanes Socrates mocked those that condemned flight What saith he is it cowardlinesse to beate and vanquish them by giuing them place Homer commendeth in his Vlysses the skill to flie the Lacedemonians professors of valour in the iourney of the Plateans retired the better to breake and dissolue the Persian troope which otherwise they could not doe and ouercame them This hath beene practised by the most warlike people In other places the Stoickes themselues allowed to waxe pale to tremble at the first sudden encounter so that it proceed no farther into the minde and courage And this is valour in grosse There are things which are iustly to be feared and flied as shipwracks lightnings and those where there is no remedie neither place of vertue prudence valour Of fortitude or valour in particular TO diuide the matter and discourse of that which is heere The proposition and diuision of this matter to be said this vertue is exercised and employed against all that which the world accounteth euill Now this euill is two-fold externall and