month_n his_o severity_n and_o the_o mutability_n of_o those_o people_n cause_v his_o ruin_n one_o mahomet_n be_v put_v into_o his_o place_n and_o reign_v one_o year_n four_o month_n and_o twenty_o two_o day_n and_o then_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o citizen_n the_o same_o befall_v hiaya_n the_o son_n of_o hali_n who_o be_v of_o the_o other_o faction_n and_o have_v be_v before_o proclaim_a king_n he_o be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n slay_v at_o malaga_n whither_o as_o be_v say_v he_o have_v retire_v when_o he_o have_v reign_v in_o cordova_n only_o three_o month_n and_o twenty_o day_n after_o this_o idric_n brother_n to_o hali_n and_o uncle_n to_o hiaya_n be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o africa_n where_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o ceuta_n to_o take_v the_o crown_n this_o man_n be_v come_v into_o spain_n what_o on_o account_n of_o his_o kindred_n with_o the_o other_o two_o and_o what_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n sevil_n almeria_n and_o other_o 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resolve_v to_o murder_v he_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o make_v way_n to_o her_o infamous_a wedding_n the_o do_v be_v prepare_v to_o poison_n he_o but_o the_o earl_n have_v intelligence_n of_o it_o force_v his_o mother_n by_o way_n of_o respect_n to_o drink_v first_o of_o the_o cup_n she_o offer_v he_o hence_o some_o think_v spring_v the_o custom_n use_v in_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n to_o make_v the_o woman_n drink_v before_o the_o men._n other_o author_n write_v that_o a_o lady_n belong_v to_o the_o countess_n have_v see_v she_o prepare_v the_o do_v give_v notice_n to_o her_o husband_n who_o some_o call_v sancho_n del_fw-it valle_n de_fw-fr espinosa_n and_o he_o to_o the_o earl_n and_o thereby_o obtain_v that_o privilege_n enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n by_o the_o family_n of_o monteros_n de_fw-fr espinosa_n of_o guard_v the_o king_n person_n by_o night_n true_a it_o be_v i_o find_v no_o good_a ground_n to_o believe_v this_o relation_n but_o it_o be_v so_o record_v and_o the_o people_n of_o 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in_o the_o meadow_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o which_o the_o town_n stand_v some_o skirmish_n happen_v near_o the_o wall_n but_o nothing_o remarkable_a in_o they_o except_o that_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o christian_n be_v the_o better_a foot_n and_o the_o moor_n the_o experte_a horse_n tower_n of_o wood_n be_v make_v and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o engine_n apply_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o though_o they_o beat_v down_o part_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o avail_v not_o because_o the_o ascent_n be_v difficult_a the_o street_n narrow_a the_o house_n high_a and_o strong_a and_o the_o defendant_n numerous_a thus_o the_o siege_n be_v protract_v provision_n be_v scarce_o the_o country_n about_o be_v waste_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n come_v on_o and_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o be_v sickly_a all_o these_o thing_n cause_v the_o soldier_n to_o wish_v for_o some_o honourable_a accommodation_n at_o this_o time_n cyprianus_n bishop_n of_o leon_n acquaint_v the_o king_n that_o s._n isidorus_n have_v appear_v to_o he_o assure_v the_o city_n will_v be_v take_v in_o 15_o day_n the_o besiege_a suffer_v great_a want_n have_v spend_v all_o their_o provision_n whereupon_o gather_v in_o a_o body_n they_o repair_v to_o the_o palace_n with_o clamour_n require_v the_o king_n to_o capitulate_v he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o appease_v they_o affirm_v they_o shall_v be_v speedy_o relieve_v and_o find_v they_o persist_v in_o their_o demand_n send_v out_o commissioner_n to_o treat_v some_o day_n sâ—â—eing_v spend_v in_o expostulate_v and_o debate_v the_o matter_n at_o length_n the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o article_n that_o the_o palace_n surrender_n city_n gate_n bridges_n and_o king's-garden_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o king_n alonso_n that_o the_o moorish_a king_n may_v go_v to_o valencia_n or_o where_o he_o shall_v think_v sit_v the_o same_o liberty_n to_o be_v allow_v the_o moor_n that_o will_v bear_v he_o company_n and_o they_o may_v carry_v their_o good_n and_o movable_n such_o as_o will_v stay_v in_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v in_o their_o person_n or_o good_n the_o chief_a mosque_n shall_v continue_v in_o their_o possession_n no_o other_o tax_n shall_v be_v impose_v on_o they_o but_o such_o as_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o own_o king_n they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o judge_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o no_o other_o these_o article_n be_v solemn_o swear_v to_o on_o both_o side_n and_o hostage_n give_v surrender_v for_o performance_n which_o do_v king_n alonso_n with_o great_a joy_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o triumph_n enter_v the_o city_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o may_n be_v the_o feast_n of_o s._n vrban_n pope_n and_o martyr_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1085._o some_o author_n say_v 1083._o that_o city_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n about_o 369_o year_n julianus_n say_v 366._o and_o that_o the_o moor_n take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 719._o on_o s._n vrban_n day_n during_o which_o time_n the_o moor_n be_v nothing_o curious_a in_o building_n it_o lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n the_o street_n be_v narrow_a and_o crooked_a the_o house_n ill_o contrive_v the_o very_a palace_n be_v of_o mud-wall_n and_o stand_v where_o now_o be_v a_o great_a hospital_n found_v by_o d._n peter_n gonzalez_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n cardinal_n of_o spain_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v the_o chief_a mosque_n on_o a_o rise_a ground_n the_o building_n at_o that_o time_n nothing_o sumptuous_a soon_o after_o it_o be_v consecrate_a and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n build_v from_o the_o ground_n very_o large_a and_o beautiful_a the_o fame_n of_o this_o success_n be_v soon_o spread_v abroad_o and_o ambassador_n come_v to_o congratulate_v with_o the_o king_n from_o several_a prince_n the_o moorish_a king_n according_a to_o the_o capitulation_n go_v away_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n to_o valencia_n which_o be_v his_o own_o where_o he_o preserve_v the_o title_n of_o 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with_o christian_n and_o new_a fortification_n raise_v to_o secure_v it_o house_n and_o land_n be_v by_o proclamation_n offer_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o which_o draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n among_o the_o rest_n we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o one_o peter_n a_o grecian_a of_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o paleologi_fw-la of_o constantinople_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v serve_v during_o the_o siege_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n the_o town_n be_v take_v give_v he_o a_o house_n and_o land_n of_o inheritance_n from_o this_o gentleman_n the_o great_a family_n of_o toledo_n pretend_v to_o be_v descend_v from_o this_o time_n it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n quarter_n in_o toledo_n be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o king_n give_v that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o new_a inhabitant_n that_o resort_v thither_o a_o new_a palace_n be_v begin_v to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n all_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o better_a to_o curb_v the_o moor_n after_o this_o we_o emperor_n find_v king_n alonso_n begin_v to_o style_v himself_o emperor_n whether_o he_o have_v reason_n so_o to_o do_v we_o will_v not_o dispute_v he_o be_v puff_v up_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o that_o new_a kingdom_n and_o be_v sovereign_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o moorish_a king_n be_v his_o tributary_n he_o think_v no_o title_n too_o great_a his_o joy_n be_v somewhat_o allay_v by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o sister_n d._n vrraoa_o who_o he_o respect_v as_o a_o mother_n and_o she_o deserve_v it_o for_o her_o singular_a virtue_n his_o other_o sister_n d._n elvira_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr cabra_fw-la to_o who_o he_o give_v she_o to_o appease_v he_o have_v provoke_v he_o by_o some_o rash_a word_n as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o general_n history_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o wise_a chap._n x._o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o abolish_n the_o old_a missal_n and_o breviary_n the_o original_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n his_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o spain_n king_n alphonso_n wife_n and_o child_n new_a war_n break_v out_o in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1086._o the_o city_n of_o toledo_n be_v well_o inhabit_a with_o christian_n and_o the_o 1086._o moor_n keep_v under_o the_o king_n convene_v a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n at_o which_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n choose_v be_v present_a the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v to_o choose_v a_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o bernard_n abbot_n of_o sahagun_n be_v elect_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o virtuous_a life_n a_o ready_a wit_n sound_a judgement_n very_o learned_a and_o upright_o which_o good_a quality_n move_v they_o to_o prefer_v he_o before_o all_o other_o though_o a_o stranger_n as_o be_v a_o natural_a bear_v frenchman_n of_o the_o city_n of_o again_o in_o the_o province_n of_o aquitain_n or_o guienne_n in_o his_o youth_n he_o be_v a_o soldier_n at_o ripe_a year_n take_v the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n at_o aux_fw-fr and_o be_v send_v thence_o into_o spain_n by_o hugo_n the_o abbot_n at_o the_o request_n of_o king_n alphonso_n to_o reform_v the_o archbishop_n monastery_n of_o sahagun_n which_o he_o design_v to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o benedictines_n in_o spain_n after_o he_o have_v be_v their_o abbot_n some_o time_n he_o be_v promote_v to_o the_o high_a dignity_n of_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n that_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n may_v be_v the_o great_a the_o king_n free_o give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n archbishop_n of_o that_o see_v many_o town_n land_n mill_n and_o house_n in_o memory_n whereof_o a_o anniversary_n be_v celebrate_v for_o king_n alphonso_n every_o year_n in_o that_o church_n in_o june_n this_o do_v
her_o husband_n to_o succeed_v in_o the_o government_n as_o be_v a_o woman_n of_o a_o manly_a spirit_n and_o in_o great_a power_n for_o that_o when_o she_o return_v to_o castille_n her_o father_n give_v she_o the_o town_n of_o valladolid_n munon_n curiel_n and_o santistevan_n de_fw-fr gormaz_n this_o lady_n not_o only_o bear_v this_o great_a burden_n but_o out_o of_o her_o own_o revenue_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o the_o crown_n her_o virtue_n can_v never_o be_v too_o much_o extol_v her_o prudence_n devotion_n justice_n and_o care_n of_o the_o government_n be_v not_o to_o be_v parallel_v yet_o multitude_n of_o business_n and_o the_o love_n of_o retirement_n make_v her_o uneasy_a some_o who_o make_v their_o own_o end_n by_o dive_v into_o the_o affection_n of_o prince_n soon_o discover_v this_o fail_n particular_o the_o three_o brother_n of_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n alvero_n ferdinand_n and_o gonzalo_n son_n to_o d._n nuno_n earl_n of_o lara_n who_o be_v use_v to_o rule_n will_v castille_n not_o let_v slip_n this_o opportunity_n of_o seize_v upon_o the_o government_n they_o value_v not_o the_o king_n as_o be_v a_o infant_n nor_o his_o sister_n because_o she_o be_v a_o woman_n their_o resolution_n be_v to_o compass_v their_o end_n though_o the_o mean_n be_v never_o so_o foul_a two_o thing_n concur_v towards_o forward_v their_o purpose_n one_o be_v that_o a_o private_a man_n call_v garci_n lorenço_o a_o native_a of_o plasencia_n have_v great_a interest_n with_o the_o lady_n berengaria_n he_o be_v a_o subtle_a fellow_n they_o promise_v he_o the_o town_n of_o tablada_n which_o he_o much_o covet_v as_o a_o reward_n of_o his_o good_a service_n in_o case_n he_o forward_v their_o project_n the_o other_o be_v the_o absence_n of_o roderick_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o only_o by_o his_o prudence_n and_o authority_n be_v able_a to_o disappoint_v all_o these_o contrivance_n he_o be_v go_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o lateran_n council_n assemble_v by_o pope_n innocent_n thither_o council_n resort_v 412_o prelate_n 71_o of_o which_o be_v archbishop_n beside_o the_o patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o constantinople_n those_o of_o antioch_n and_o alexandria_n come_v not_o themselves_o but_o send_v their_o deputy_n the_o number_n of_o other_o priest_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v many_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n be_v handle_v in_o this_o council_n but_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o renew_v the_o war_n in_o the_o holy-land_n and_o quiet_v france_n then_o embroil_v by_o the_o heretic_n this_o council_n be_v open_v in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n and_o in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n john_n lateran_n among_o all_o the_o prelate_n roderick_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n signalise_v himself_o make_v a_o latin_a speech_n so_o set_v off_o with_o variety_n of_o other_o language_n that_o the_o father_n in_o admiration_n say_v the_o like_a have_v not_o be_v hear_v since_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n here_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o church_n of_o toledo_n be_v debate_v for_o that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o taragona_n braga_n santiago_n and_o narbonne_n will_v not_o acknowledge_v its_o supreme_a authority_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o toledo_n be_v produce_v bull_n of_o former_a pope_n their_o determination_n toledo_n decree_n of_o council_n and_o many_o argument_n deduce_v from_o antiquity_n much_o also_o be_v say_v by_o the_o other_o party_n but_o the_o case_n be_v leave_v undetermined_a because_o some_o of_o the_o party_n concern_v be_v absent_a and_o it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v be_v hear_v yet_o the_o pope_n grant_v to_o roderick_n the_o archbishop_n the_o legantine_n power_n for_o ten_o year_n and_o also_o that_o in_o case_n the_o city_n sevil_n be_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n as_o be_v hope_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a power_n of_o the_o almohade_n it_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n as_o its_o primate_n and_o no_o appeal_n to_o lie_v from_o this_o decree_n beside_o he_o give_v he_o power_n to_o legitimate_a 300_o bastard_n and_o to_o place_n bishop_n in_o all_o such_o town_n as_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o archbishop_n gain_v great_a reputation_n in_o that_o council_n not_o only_o for_o his_o knowledge_n in_o many_o language_n but_o for_o his_o extraordinary_a learning_n not_o usual_a in_o that_o age._n he_o write_v the_o history_n of_o spain_n another_o of_o the_o moor_n and_o a_o treatise_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o church_n of_o toledo_n touch_v the_o holy-war_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o all_o churchman_n shall_v contribute_v towards_o it_o part_n of_o their_o revenue_n with_o this_o subsidy_n recruit_n be_v send_v over_o and_o the_o town_n of_o damiata_n in_o egypt_n take_v as_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o france_n the_o two_o raymund_n father_n and_o son_n earl_n of_o toulouze_n appear_v in_o the_o council_n against_o simon_n of_o montfort_n who_o have_v despoil_v they_o of_o their_o dominion_n the_o result_n be_v that_o they_o be_v condemn_v as_o heretic_n and_o toulouze_n with_o all_o other_o place_n he_o have_v take_v adjudge_v to_o simon_n of_o montfort_n whereupon_o montfort_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n for_o those_o place_n and_o settle_v a_o alliance_n with_o he_o yet_o not_o rely_v on_o the_o fidelity_n of_o those_o people_n he_o cause_v toulouze_n carcassonne_n and_o narbonne_n to_o be_v dismantle_v which_o together_o with_o the_o heavy_a tax_n he_o lay_v on_o the_o subject_n render_v he_o so_o odious_a that_o many_o town_n along_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr revolt_v from_o he_o to_o raymund_n the_o young_a and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o lose_v the_o city_n of_o toulouze_n notwithstanding_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n many_o noble_n of_o kill_v france_n assist_v the_o abandon_v prince_n yet_o simon_n of_o montfort_n have_v regain_v toulouze_n but_o that_o he_o be_v unfortunate_o kill_v before_o it_o by_o a_o stone_n shoot_v from_o a_o engine_n a_o man_n 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pacify_v they_o these_o two_o assemble_v the_o people_n at_o santiago_n and_o put_v to_o death_n the_o marshal_n peter_n pardo_n and_o some_o other_o gentleman_n bring_v the_o country_n under_o subjection_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v then_o go_v to_o catalonia_n upon_o this_o account_n mahomer_n the_o great_a turk_n have_v in_o vain_a besiege_a rhodes_n the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v that_o enterprise_n part_v of_o his_o fleet_n sail_v to_o vallona_n in_o albania_n opposite_a to_o apulia_n a_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n thence_o achmet_n bassa_n who_o command_v pass_v over_o into_o italy_n and_o take_v the_o city_n otranto_n on_o the_o 13_o of_o august_n where_o he_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n italy_n spare_v neither_o sex_n nor_o age._n from_o this_o place_n the_o turk_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o country_n destroy_v all_o they_o come_v at_o to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o all_o italy_n this_o move_v the_o christian_a prince_n 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labour_v under_o the_o rebel_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o most_o considerable_a town_n and_o city_n the_o biamonteses_n have_v pamplona_n the_o other_o estela_n sanguessa_n and_o olite_a they_o represent_v that_o their_o king_n have_v nothing_o leave_v he_o but_o the_o title_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n cease_v not_o to_o commit_v all_o manner_n of_o crime_n therefore_o they_o beg_v king_n ferdinand_n to_o pity_v that_o young_a king_n and_o deliver_v he_o from_o the_o slavery_n of_o his_o subject_n king_n ferdinand_n have_v hear_v the_o two_o brother_n promise_v he_o will_v stand_v by_o king_n francis_n and_o to_o show_v his_o readiness_n send_v certain_a person_n with_o the_o two_o prince_n who_o from_o he_o shall_v advise_v the_o rebel_n to_o submit_v to_o their_o king_n the_o cortes_n of_o that_o kingdom_n meet_v at_o tafalla_n there_o king_n ferdinand_n ambassador_n give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o they_o have_v in_o commission_n the_o navarrois_n answer_v that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v not_o be_v receive_v as_o he_o ought_v in_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v not_o the_o fault_n of_o they_o all_o but_o of_o some_o few_o who_o disturb_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n yet_o if_o he_o will_v come_v to_o they_o no_o town_n will_v be_v want_v in_o express_v its_o loyalty_n this_o answer_n be_v satisfactory_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v propose_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n that_o king_n francis_n shall_v go_v to_o pamplona_n it_o be_v think_v sit_v he_o shall_v go_v with_o a_o good_a guard_n lest_o in_o that_o time_n of_o confusion_n any_o affront_n shall_v be_v offer_v he_o at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n die_v at_o sintra_n in_o the_o very_a chamber_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v and_o portugal_n on_o the_o 28_o of_o august_n his_o body_n be_v carry_v to_o aljubarrota_n his_o son_n john_n ii_o for_o his_o high_a spirit_n and_o great_a exploit_n surname_v the_o great_a succeed_v he_o this_o prince_n as_o well_o as_o his_o father_n be_v always_o a_o utter_a enemy_n to_o castille_n the_o father_n carry_v it_o more_o open_o but_o the_o son_n subtle_o and_o underhand_o and_o therefore_o more_o furious_o vent_v his_o passion_n upon_o some_o nobleman_n of_o his_o kingdom_n who_o he_o suspect_v of_o favour_v castille_n as_o we_o shall_v soon_o see_v for_o piety_n goodness_n severity_n towards_o crimina_fw-la sharpness_n of_o wit_n and_o a_o tenacious_a memory_n he_o equal_v all_o the_o king_n his_o contemporary_n and_o excel_v many_o he_o use_v to_o say_v that_o a_o kingdom_n either_o find_v prince_n wise_a or_o make_v they_o so_o by_o their_o continual_a converse_v with_o man_n of_o great_a part_n who_o constant_o be_v about_o the_o court_n of_o king_n and_o use_v all_o art_n in_o speech_n and_o behaviour_n to_o obtain_v their_o desire_n and_o discover_v their_o ability_n chap._n x._o francis_n king_n of_o navarre_n come_v out_o of_o france_n be_v crown_v and_o soon_o after_o die_v a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n discover_v and_o the_o conspirator_n punish_v peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n ratify_v luis_n the_o eleven_o king_n of_o france_n die_v three_o prince_n die_v successive_o one_o year_n after_o another_o about_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n depart_v this_o die_v life_n charles_n duke_n of_o anjou_n he_o appoint_v the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o heir_n by_o which_o mean_v anjou_n and_o provence_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n beside_o other_o pretension_n which_o serve_v only_o to_o entail_v a_o war_n upon_o that_o kingdom_n on_o the_o first_o of_o july_n in_o the_o follow_a year_n 1482_o die_v d._n alonso_n carillo_n y_fw-fr acuna_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n a_o man_n even_o when_o of_o great_a age_n lively_a and_o active_a he_o retire_v in_o his_o latter_a day_n rather_o through_o necessity_n than_o of_o his_o own_o inclination_n 1482._o he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n francis_n build_v by_o himself_o at_o alcalà _fw-fr de_fw-fr henares_n he_o also_o make_v the_o church_n of_o s._n stephen_n till_o then_o a_o parish_n collegiate_n he_o be_v addict_v to_o chemistry_n and_o die_v poor_a yet_o be_v say_v to_o have_v leave_v some_o money_n to_o repair_v the_o school_n at_o alcala_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o archbishops_n tomb_n be_v bury_v his_o son_n troilus_n which_o the_o cardinal_n d._n francisco_n ximenez_n cause_v to_o be_v remove_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o monument_n of_o that_o prelate_n incontinency_n from_o this_o troilus_n be_v descend_v the_o marquess_n of_o falces_fw-la in_o navarre_n their_o surname_n be_v peralta_n the_o cardinal_n of_o spain_n succeed_v d._n alonso_n carrille_n in_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o toledo_n he_o be_v son_n to_o ynigo_n lopez_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n marquis_n of_o santillana_n and_o brother_n to_o james_n hurtado_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n first_o duke_n del_fw-it infantado_n this_o prelate_n be_v a_o person_n of_o
the_o carthaginian_n and_o give_v they_o a_o great_a overthrow_n first_o nero_n than_o publius_n scipio_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o take_v carthagena_n p._n 26_o chap._n vii_o publius_n scipio_n rout_n asdrubal_n and_o drive_v the_o carthaginian_n quite_o out_o of_o spain_n other_o notable_a action_n of_o his_o there_o cornelius_n lentulus_n and_o lucius_n manlius_n succeed_v he_o and_o overthrow_v the_o spaniard_n that_o have_v revolt_a p._n 28_o chap._n viii_o the_o spaniard_n revolt_a be_v again_o subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n cato_n be_v consul_n come_v into_o spain_n several_a praetor_n succeed_v he_o their_o government_n and_o action_n p._n 30_o the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o first_o war_n of_o numantia_n and_o peace_n conclude_v with_o that_o city_n the_o war_n in_o lusitania_n and_o other_o part_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o praetor_n sergius_n galba_n p._n 33_o chap._n ii_o viriatus_n be_v original_a and_o action_n against_o the_o roman_n the_o government_n of_o several_a roman_a general_n and_o among_o they_o of_o metellus_z and_o pompey_n and_o death_n of_o viriatus_n p._n 35_o chap._n iii_o the_o second_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o numantia_n the_o consul_n mancinus_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o that_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o they_o the_o city_n destroy_v p._n 38_o chap._n iu_o other_o occurrence_n in_o spain_n after_o the_o war_n of_o numantia_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n of_o sertorius_n his_o action_n defeat_v and_o death_n p._n 40_o chap._n v._o pompey_n appease_v the_o tumult_n in_o spain_n julius_n caesar_n come_v into_o spain_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n there_o pompey_n be_v general_n defeat_v the_o whole_a country_n reduce_v by_o julius_n caesar_n who_o return_v to_o rome_n p._n 44_o chap._n vi_o longinus_n govern_v spain_n his_o action_n the_o war_n betwixt_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n be_v son_n the_o famous_a battle_n of_o munda_n caesar_n return_v victorious_a to_o rome_n p._n 46_o chap._n vii_o other_o commotion_n in_o spain_n after_o the_o death_n of_o caesar_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o augustus_n and_o war_n of_o cantabria_n p._n 48_o the_o four_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o birth_n of_o christ_n our_o lord_n the_o death_n of_o augustus_n and_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n tiberius_n caligula_n and_o claudius_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o come_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n into_o spain_n and_o first_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n p._n 51._o chap._n ii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n nero_n galba_n otho_n vitellius_n vespasian_n and_o titus_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o colony_n free-town_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n then_o in_o spain_n p._n 53_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n domitian_n nerva_n trajan_n adrian_n antoninus_n verus_n marcus_n aurelius_n and_o commodus_n the_o persecution_n under_o they_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n leon_n and_o rise_v of_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o gnostic_n p._n 55_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n pertinax_n severus_n caracalla_n macrinus_n heliogabalus_n alexander_n severus_n maximinus_n gordianus_n philip_n decius_n tribonianus_n gallus_n and_o aemilianus_n p._n 57_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n valerianus_n galienus_n flavius_n aurelianus_n tacitus_n flavianus_n probus_n carinus_n dioclesian_n and_o maximian_n constantius_n and_o galerius_n maximinus_n and_o licinius_n p._n 58_o chap._n vi_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o glorious_a constantine_n the_o great_a the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n the_o arian_n heresy_n the_o first_o general_n council_n of_o nice_a p._n 60_o chap._n vii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n constantius_n and_o constans_n julian_n the_o apostate_n jovianus_n valentinian_n and_o valens_n p._n 62_o chap._n viii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n gratianus_n valentinian_n theodosius_n arcadius_n and_o honorius_n p._n 64_o the_o five_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o come_n of_o several_a barbarous_a nation_n into_o spain_n as_o the_o vandal_n alan_n suevian_o silingians_n and_o goth_n their_o original_a and_o where_o they_o settle_v p._n 67_o chap._n ii_o the_o goth_n vanquish_v and_o subdue_v all_o the_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n in_o spain_n the_o vandal_n after_o this_o successful_a go_v over_o into_o africa_n the_o rise_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o suevian_o p._n 69_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n theodoredus_fw-la torismund_n and_o theodorick_n attila_n king_n of_o the_o huns_n twice_o rout_v the_o general_a council_n of_o chalcedon_n p._n 71_o chap._n iu_o the_o death_n of_o king_n theodorick_n and_o reign_v of_o euricus_fw-la and_o alaricus_n the_o goth_n twice_o overthrow_v by_o the_o frank_n p._n 73_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n gesaleycus_n theodorick_n and_o amalaricus_n several_a spanish_a synod_n defeat_v of_o the_o frank_n and_o trial_n by_o ordeal_o p._n 74_o chap._n vi_o the_o reign_v of_o theudiselus_n agila_n and_o athanagildus_n a_o great_a plague_n the_o 5_o general_n council_n a_o interregnum_fw-la and_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o suevian_o p._n 76_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o two_o sister_n galsuinda_n and_o brunechilda_n the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n liuva_fw-fr and_o leuvigildus_fw-la this_o last_o make_v his_o two_o son_n his_o companion_n in_o the_o throne_n p._n 77_o chap._n viii_o ermenegildus_n son_n to_o leuvigildus_fw-la marry_v the_o lady_n ingundis_fw-la be_v convert_v to_o the_o catholic_n faith_n be_v besiege_a by_o his_o father_n in_o sevil_n and_o put_v to_o death_n by_o he_o p._n 79_o chap._n ix_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n leuvigildus_fw-la he_o persecute_v the_o catholic_n subdue_v the_o suevian_o his_o death_n and_o cause_n of_o his_o conversion_n p._n 81_o chap._n x._o the_o reign_n of_o recaredus_n his_o and_o people_n conversion_n conspiracy_n against_o he_o detect_v and_o punish_v he_o overthrow_v the_o frank_n the_o three_o council_n of_o toledo_n p._n 82_o the_o six_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o remain_a action_n of_o king_n recaredus_n he_o marry_v clodosinda_n sister_n to_o childebert_n king_n of_o lorraine_n his_o death_n original_a of_o duke_n and_o count_n p._n 84_o chap._n ii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n liuva_fw-fr witericus_fw-la gundemarus_n sisebutus_n and_o recaredus_n ii_o several_a synod_n the_o jew_n banish_v spain_n p._n 86_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n suinthula_n rechimirus_n sisenandus_n and_o chintila_n the_o roman_n quite_o expel_v spain_n three_o synod_n at_o toledo_n p._n 87_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n tulga_n chindasuinthus_n and_o recesuinthus_n several_a synod_n of_o toledo_n increase_v of_o the_o mahometan_a power_n the_o election_n and_o coronation_n of_o king_n wamba_n p._n 89_o chap._n v._o the_o war_n with_o the_o rebel_n in_o gallia_n gothica_n paul_n wamba_n be_v general_n join_v with_o they_o the_o king_n march_v against_o they_o and_o reduce_v all_o the_o country_n to_o his_o obedience_n p._n 91_o chap._n vi_o wamba_n return_v into_o spain_n punish_v the_o head_n of_o the_o rebel_n his_o public_a work_n eleven_o council_n of_o toledo_n a_o great_a fleet_n of_o saracen_n destroy_v wamba_n depose_v ervigius_n usurp_v the_o crown_n p._n 93_o chap._n vii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n ervigius_n and_o egica_n p._n 94_o chap._n viii_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n witiza_n roderick_n ascend_v the_o throne_n ravish_v count_n julian_n be_v daughter_n and_o break_v open_v a_o old_a castle_n at_o toledo_n say_v to_o be_v enchant_a p._n 96_o chap._n ix_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o moor_n into_o spain_n they_o prove_v successful_a and_o flock_v over_o in_o great_a multitude_n king_n roderick_n overthrow_v in_o a_o great_a battle_n his_o death_n the_o moor_n overrun_v the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n p._n 98_o chap._n x._o the_o moor_n muza_n come_v over_o with_o supply_n his_o action_n the_o moorish_a computation_n of_o year_n call_v hegira_n abdalasis_n son_n to_o muza_n his_o action_n end_v of_o count_n julian_n and_o his_o family_n deplorable_a state_n of_o spain_n p._n 100_o the_o seven_o book_n chap._n i._n prince_n pelayus_n or_o pelagius_n take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o moor_n be_v declare_v king_n and_o miraculous_o vanquish_v the_o infidel_n the_o death_n of_o muza_n alahor_n govern_v spain_n p._n 102_o chap._n ii_o pelayus_n be_v power_n increase_v he_o take_v several_a to_n his_o death_n the_o short_a reign_n and_o death_n of_o favila_n several_a moorish_a governor_n in_o spain_n action_n of_o the_o infidel_n in_o france_n p._n 104_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o catholic_n his_o conquest_n and_o death_n several_a moorish_a governor_n in_o spain_n affair_n of_o the_o mahometan_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o africa_n p._n 105_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n froyla_fw-fr aurelius_n silon_n alonso_n mauregatus_fw-la and_o veremundus_n or_o bermudo_n monarchy_n
henry_n of_o castille_n create_v a_o duke_n p._n 404_o chap._n iu_o proceed_n and_o defeat_n of_o the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n death_n of_o ishmael_n king_n of_o granada_n progress_n of_o the_o rebellion_n in_o castille_n and_o most_o villainous_a action_n of_o the_o rebel_n who_o proclaim_v prince_n alonso_n king_n the_o king_n and_o they_o disband_v p._n 406_o chap._n v._o peter_n constable_n of_o portugal_n die_v the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n choose_v the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n for_o their_o king_n the_o battle_n of_o olmedo_n the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n and_o prince_z alonso_z of_o castille_n the_o king_n recover_v toledo_n the_o rebel_n of_o castille_n affront_v the_o pope_n legate_n and_o be_v excommunicate_v p._n 408_o chap._n vi_o john_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n support_n and_o head_n the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n for_o his_o father_n ferdinand_n prince_n of_o arragon_n declare_v king_n of_o sicily_n the_o crown_n of_o castille_n offer_v to_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n she_o refuse_v it_o peace_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n p._n 410_o chap._n vii_o the_o marriage_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o sicily_n with_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n and_o of_o the_o duke_n of_o guienne_n with_o the_o princess_n joanna_n who_o be_v swear_v heiress_n of_o castille_n difference_n betwixt_o the_o knight_n of_o alcantara_n and_o their_o master_n and_o trouble_v in_o biscay_n the_o portuguese_n take_v arzila_n and_o tangier_n in_o africa_n p._n 412_o chap._n viii_o the_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n in_o arragon_n sardinia_n and_o navarre_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n labour_v to_o reduce_v his_o rebel_n pope_n paul_n ii_o die_n sixtus_n iv._o choose_v king_n alonso_z of_o portugal_n take_v arzila_n and_o tangier_n in_o africa_n p._n 414_o chap._n ix_o catalonia_n reduce_v charles_n duke_n of_o guienne_n die_v cardinal_n borgia_n the_o pope_n legate_n come_v into_o spain_n interview_n of_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o portugal_n the_o master_n of_o santiago_n strengthen_v himself_o against_o his_o enemy_n barcelona_n surrender_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n p._n 416_o chap._n x._o the_o pope_n legate_n practice_n against_o king_n henry_n of_o castille_n massacre_n of_o the_o jew_n signal_n loyalty_n of_o peter_n de_fw-fr peralta_n traitorous_a practice_n of_o elizabeth_n sister_n to_o king_n henry_n of_o castille_n a_o synod_n at_o aranda_n p._n 417_o the_o twenty_o four_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o princess_n elizabeth_n pretend_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o her_o brother_n and_o open_o aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n upon_o his_o indisposition_n d._n john_n pacheco_n master_n of_o santiago_n dies_fw-la difference_n betwixt_o the_o french_a and_o arragonian_n king_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o barcelona_n jew_n massacre_v in_o sicily_n ferdinand_n and_o elizabeth_n proclaim_v king_n and_o queen_n of_o castille_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o princess_n joanna_n his_o niece_n p._n 420_o chap._n ii_o the_o death_n of_o henry_n king_n of_o castille_n ferdinand_n and_o elizabeth_n usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n from_o joanna_n the_o rightful_a heiress_n and_o be_v proclaim_a king_n and_o queen_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o rightful_a heiress_n his_o niece_n p._n 422_o chap._n iii_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n call_v himself_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v contract_v to_o joanna_n the_o rightful_a heiress_n he_o take_v several_a place_n in_o castille_n the_o french_a make_v peace_n with_o england_n and_o engage_v to_o assist_v portugal_n against_o ferdinand_n p._n 424_o chap._n iu_o prince_n john_n of_o portugal_n come_v into_o castille_n with_o force_n to_o his_o father_n assistance_n the_o battle_n of_o toro_n betwixt_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o he_o of_o portugal_n the_o latter_a defeat_v the_o castilian_a nobility_n forsake_v he_o and_o he_o return_v home_o p._n 426_o chap._n v._o the_o tumult_n of_o navarre_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v zoyage_n into_o france_n toro_n recover_v by_o the_o castiliano_fw-mi from_o the_o portuguese_n several_a other_o place_n retake_v charles_n the_o bold_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o galcazzo_n duke_n of_o milan_n murder_v p._n 428_o chap._n vi_o king_n ferdinand_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o mastership_n of_o santiago_n in_o trust_n which_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v in_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n war_n with_o the_o moor_n of_o andaluzia_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n after_o have_v abdicate_v his_o crown_n return_v home_o and_o be_v restore_v by_o his_o son_n p._n 429_o chap._n vii_o sardinia_n entire_o reduce_v the_o birth_n of_o john_n prince_n of_o castille_n the_o inquisition_n first_o settle_v in_o spain_n peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o france_n and_o castille_n the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n of_o arragon_n p._n 431_o chap._n viii_o ellenor_n queen_n of_o navarre_n the_o trouble_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o her_o death_n the_o countess_n of_o medellin_n raise_v tumult_n in_o castille_n portugueses_n overthrow_v by_o the_o castilian_n heretical_a opinion_n start_v and_o condemn_v in_o spain_n king_n ferdinand_n go_v into_o arragon_n p._n 434_o chap._n ix_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n the_o turk_n get_v foot_v in_o italy_n and_o be_v again_o expel_v king_n alonso_z of_o portugal_n die_v henry_n the_o late_a king_n of_o castille_n be_v grant_n vacate_v by_o the_o cortes_n prince_n john_n son_n to_z king_n ferdinand_z swear_a heir_n of_o castille_n p._n 435_o chap._n x._o francis_n king_n of_o navarre_n come_v out_o of_o france_n be_v crown_v and_o soon_o after_o die_v a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n punish_v and_o the_o conspirator_n punish_v peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n ratify_v luis_n xi_o king_n of_o france_n die_v p._n 437_o the_o twenty_o five_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n with_o granada_n king_n albahazen_a surprise_v zahara_n alhama_n take_v from_o the_o infidel_n and_o in_o vain_a besiege_v by_o they_o again_o p._n 440_o chap._n ii_o preparation_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n loxa_n in_o vain_a besiege_v and_o that_o war_n lay_v aside_o for_o some_o time_n some_o tumult_n in_o galicia_n a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o christian_n on_o the_o mountain_n of_o malaga_n p._n 441_o chap._n iii_o the_o moor_n defeat_v and_o boabdill_n their_o king_n take_v and_o afterward_o release_v the_o affair_n of_o navarre_n pope_n sixtus_n die_v innocent_a viii_o succeed_v he_o marquess_z deal_v gasto_n and_o pescara_n from_o who_o descend_v p._n 444_o chap._n iu_o alora_n and_o other_o place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n albohardil_n usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o granada_n and_o defeat_v the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la the_o rebellion_n in_o naples_n birth_n of_o the_o princess_n katherine_n of_o castille_n afterward_o wife_n to_o henry_n viii_o king_n of_o england_n p._n 446_o chap._n v._o the_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n several_a town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n a_o sedition_n in_o galicia_n king_n albohardil_n attack_n the_o castle_n call_v albayzin_n in_o granada_n and_o be_v repulse_v azamor_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n deliver_v to_o the_o portuguese_n p._n 448_o chap._n vi_o king_n ferdinand_n take_v malaga_n and_o other_o place_n from_o the_o moor_n albohardil_n king_n of_o granada_n have_v be_v defeat_v by_o the_o christian_n be_v expel_v by_o his_o subject_n and_o boabdil_n proclaim_v king_n mighty_a discovery_n make_v by_o the_o portuguese_n in_o the_o east_n p._n 450_o chap._n vii_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n the_o city_n associate_n there_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n renew_v and_o several_a place_n take_v from_o they_o which_o they_o with_o the_o same_o facility_n recover_v maximilian_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n aim_v to_o marry_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n p._n 452_o chap._n viii_o the_o mastership_n of_o all_o the_o military_a order_n in_o spain_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o ever_o three_o city_n and_o other_o place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n elizabeth_n princess_n of_o castille_n marry_v to_o alonso_n prince_n of_o portugal_n he_o and_o his_o father_n death_n p._n 453_o chap._n ix_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n now_o effectual_o renew_v the_o description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o granada_n king_n ferdinand_n lay_v siege_n to_o it_o and_o build_v a_o town_n for_o his_o army_n to_o quarter_n in_o during_o the_o siege_n to_o show_v his_o resolution_n not_o to_o depart_v without_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n p._n 456_o chap._n x._o a_o mighty_a mutiny_n raise_v in_o granada_n by_o a_o fanatic_a moor._n the_o city_n surrender_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o character_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n their_o triumphal_a entry_n into_o granada_n and_o universal_a joy_n for_o their_o success_n p._n 457_o the_o twenty_o six_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o affair_n of_o brittany_n the_o
asturias_n then_o cut_v gallicia_n in_o the_o middle_n and_o form_n cape_n finisterre_n butt_v out_o far_o into_o the_o sea_n by_o this_o mountain_n be_v divide_v the_o vltramontani_fw-la from_o the_o citramontani_n or_o those_o beyond_o from_o those_o on_o this_o side_n the_o mountain_n from_o these_o mountain_n spring_n that_o former_o call_v idubeda_n now_o oca_n take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o ancient_a city_n auca_n who_o ruin_n be_v to_o be_v see_v near_o villafranca_n about_o 5_o league_n from_o burgos_n this_o mountain_n rise_v near_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n on_o the_o border_n of_o asturias_n where_o be_v a_o town_n call_v fontibre_n or_o the_o fountain_n of_o ebro_n and_o run_v down_o by_o bribiesca_n and_o the_o arevaci_n near_o mount_n orbion_n and_o moncayo_n pass_v along_o between_o calatayud_n and_o daroca_n and_o end_n in_o the_o mediterranean_n not_o far_o from_o tortosa_n from_o which_o city_n that_o part_n of_o these_o mountain_n take_v name_n from_o this_o mountain_n idubeda_n or_o oca_n begin_v that_o of_o orospeda_n which_o at_o first_o rise_v so_o leisurely_o it_o be_v scarce_o perceivable_a but_o further_o on_o lift_v its_o head_n and_o form_n the_o mountain_n of_o molina_n than_o those_o of_o cuenca_n where_o on_o the_o lefthand_n be_v the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n xucar_n and_o on_o the_o right_a those_o of_o tagus_n both_o note_a stream_n next_o follow_v the_o mountain_n of_o consuegra_n near_o which_o in_o the_o plain_n former_o call_v laminitani_fw-la now_o of_o montiel_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o guadiana_n hence_o it_o go_v on_o to_o alcaraz_n and_o segura_n where_o in_o different_a place_n spring_v the_o river_n of_o segura_n former_o tader_n guadalquivir_n run_v towards_o different_a sea_n at_o caçorla_n this_o mountain_n orospeda_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n one_o of_o they_o opposite_a to_o murcia_n expire_v in_o the_o sea_n near_o muxacra_n or_o murgis_n on_o the_o right-hand_n whereof_o be_v the_o bastetani_n so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n basta_n now_o baça_n on_o the_o leave_v be_v the_o contestani_n ancient_a people_n of_o spain_n who_o metropolis_n now_o be_v murcia_n the_o other_o stretch_v itself_o towards_o malaga_n and_o join_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o granada_n run_v beyond_o gibraltar_n and_o tarifa_n as_o if_o it_o design_v to_o pass_v the_o straight_a into_o africa_n from_o orospeda_n near_o alcaraz_n rise_v the_o mountain_n mariani_n vulgar_o call_v sierra_n morcna_n the_o foot_n whereof_o all_o along_o almost_o as_o far_o as_o the_o ocean_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr which_o at_o anduxar_n cut_v andaluzia_n in_o the_o middle_n run_v by_o cordova_n italica_n and_o sevil_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n near_o the_o place_n former_o call_v templum_fw-la luciferi_fw-la now_o to_o st._n lucar_n at_o present_v this_o river_n have_v but_o one_o mouth_n in_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v two_o for_o nebrixa_n and_o asta_n which_o the_o ancient_n place_v on_o the_o island_n of_o guadalquivir_n be_v now_o two_o league_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o not_o far_o from_o the_o rise_n of_o orospeda_n and_o near_o moncayo_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o great_a plain_n other_o mountain_n lift_v up_o their_o head_n which_o no_o doubt_n be_v branch_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n as_o all_o other_o that_o cross_n spain_n be_v the_o rise_n of_o this_o be_v scarce_o perceivable_a at_o first_o but_o for_o the_o fall_n of_o several_a water_n and_o because_o the_o river_n duero_n who_o source_n be_v in_o the_o pelendones_n and_o who_o course_n be_v southward_o as_o far_o as_o soria_n it_o be_v there_o by_o they_o turn_v away_o to_o the_o westward_n among_o ancient_a author_n i_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o these_o mount_n at_o present_a they_o have_v several_a name_n take_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o the_o neighbour_a city_n as_o of_o soria_n segovia_n and_o avila_n castille_n the_o great_a province_n of_o spain_n be_v by_o these_o mountain_n divide_v into_o the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a hence_o they_o run_v on_o near_o coma_n and_o placentia_n be_v water_v on_o the_o left_a by_o the_o river_n tagus_n and_o pass_v on_o part_n portugal_n into_o two_o almost_o equal_a portion_n they_o expire_v at_o sintra_n which_o be_v on_o mount_n tagrus_n seven_o league_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o lisbon_n where_o they_o form_n in_o the_o ocean_n the_o cape_n call_v by_o solinus_n promontorium_n artabrum_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a division_n of_o spain_n of_o the_o language_n use_v there_o and_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o spaniard_n spain_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o roman_n into_o three_o part_n lusitania_n betica_n and_o tarraconensis_n the_o spain_n lusitani_n inhabit_a the_o far_a part_n of_o spain_n westward_n their_o limit_n be_v the_o river_n duero_n on_o the_o north_n and_o guddiana_n on_o the_o south_n and_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o that_o part_n of_o duero_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o simancas_n to_o puente_n del_fw-it arçobispo_n and_o thence_o through_o the_o oretani_n which_o be_v that_o part_n where_o almagro_n now_o stand_v to_o the_o bank_n of_o guadiana_n which_o line_n part_v they_o from_o the_o province_n tarraconensis_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o within_o lusitania_n be_v comprehend_v the_o country_n about_o avila_n salamanca_n soria_n and_o other_o place_n now_o belong_v to_o castille_n betica_fw-la or_o andalusia_n be_v shut_v in_o on_o three_o side_n by_o the_o river_n guadiana_n and_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o murgis_n or_o muxacra_n a_o town_n near_o the_o promontory_n charidemum_fw-la or_o cape_n gatas_fw-la from_o whence_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o castulon_n and_o the_o oretani_n where_o stand_v the_o rich_a town_n of_o almagro_n make_v the_o four_o side_n towards_o the_o east_n all_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o spain_n be_v include_v in_o the_o province_n tarraconensis_n so_o call_v from_o the_o noble_a city_n tarragona_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o scipio_n which_o for_o many_o year_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o spain_n where_o they_o keep_v their_o court_n and_o the_o majesty_n of_o their_o government_n reside_v st._n isidorus_n follow_v the_o division_n make_v by_o constantine_n the_o great_a which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o sextus_n rufus_n subdivide_v this_o province_n into_o tarraconensis_n carthaginensis_n and_o gallicia_n but_o do_v not_o assign_v the_o limit_n of_o each_o and_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n for_o these_o province_n be_v often_o lessen_v or_o enlarge_v according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o those_o who_o command_v all_o this_o province_n tarraconensis_n be_v also_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la that_o be_v the_o hither_o spain_n as_o also_o lusitania_n and_o betica_n be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o vlterior_fw-la or_o further_a for_o pliny_n and_o other_o learned_a man_n oppose_v that_o opinion_n which_o assign_v the_o river_n ebro_n for_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o two_o spain_n though_o doubtless_o once_o it_o be_v so_o both_o these_o province_n at_o present_a have_v several_a new_a name_n which_o it_o will_v be_v troublesome_a to_o reduce_v to_o any_o certainty_n but_o may_v all_o be_v comprehend_v under_o five_o kingdom_n which_o be_v erect_v as_o the_o moor_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o spain_n the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n be_v found_v by_o the_o french_a and_o their_o chief_a henry_n who_o be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o lorraine_n though_o bear_v at_o besançon_n in_o burgundy_n peter_n mantuanus_fw-la say_v he_o be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n his_o father-in-law_n king_n alonso_n the_o vi_o of_o castille_n give_v he_o in_o dower_n with_o his_o daughter_n teresa_n the_o city_n of_o porto_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n duero_n and_o some_o other_o to_n and_o some_o author_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o name_n of_o portugal_n be_v then_o compound_v of_o porto_n and_o gallia_n other_o and_o those_o more_o learned_a say_v it_o come_v from_o the_o place_n call_v cale_n now_o caya_n and_o porta_n portugal_n reach_v far_a in_o length_n than_o the_o ancient_a lusitania_n for_o take_v in_o the_o river_n duero_n it_o contain_v the_o fruitful_a field_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n minho_n and_o its_o length_n along_o the_o seacoast_n be_v no_o less_o than_o 117_o league_n but_o it_o be_v less_o in_o breadth_n than_o the_o ancient_a lusitania_n and_o beginning_n towards_o the_o east_n a_o little_a above_o bragança_n in_o the_o north_n it_o reach_v to_o the_o city_n beja_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o guadiana_n which_o river_n shut_v it_o in_o on_o the_o south_n to_o the_o n._n e._n part_n of_o portugal_n join_v the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n the_o second_o of_o the_o six_o province_n speak_v of_o this_o kingdom_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o city_n leon_n the_o head_n and_o metropolis_n thereof_o it_o contain_v all_o galicia_n and_o asturias_n de_fw-fr
oviedo_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n mearo_n and_o town_n of_o ribadeo_n to_o the_o port_n of_o llanes_n moreover_o there_o belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n all_o that_o part_n of_o old_a castille_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o wood_n of_o pernia_n and_o the_o river_n carrion_n till_o it_o come_v to_o pisuerga_n and_o fall_v into_o duero_n then_o pass_v duero_n another_o river_n call_v hera_n and_o regamon_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o make_v the_o bound_n of_o this_o kingdom_n last_o a_o line_n draw_v betwixt_o salamanca_n and_o avila_n over_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n these_o be_v former_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon._n in_o process_n of_o time_n there_o be_v add_v to_o it_o all_o the_o province_n of_o estremadura_n so_o call_v because_o for_o many_o year_n it_o be_v the_o extreme_a or_o far_a part_n of_o what_o the_o christian_n possess_v sometime_o this_o kingdom_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o merida_n in_o lusitania_n and_o badajoz_n in_o betica_n the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n the_o three_o of_o the_o five_o in_o order_n be_v among_o the_o people_n former_o call_v vascones_n this_o kingdom_n on_o one_o side_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n and_o part_n of_o that_o which_o run_v to_o cape_n finisterre_n on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o river_n arragon_n or_o arga_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o on_o the_o west_n by_o another_o small_a river_n that_o fall_v into_o ebro_n below_o calahorra_n and_o by_o part_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o part_n beyond_o ebro_n for_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n possess_v by_o way_n of_o dower_n the_o town_n of_o tudela_n of_o navarre_n and_o other_o place_n adjacent_a though_o this_o kingdom_n be_v small_a and_o so_o ill_o people_v that_o at_o present_v it_o contain_v not_o above_o 40000_o family_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o name_v it_o among_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o spain_n because_o the_o 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carthagena_n where_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o part_n the_o dominion_n of_o arragon_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o spain_n the_o people_n of_o arragon_n enjoy_v privilege_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n far_o different_a from_o the_o other_o people_n of_o spain_n most_o tend_v to_o curb_n the_o excessive_a power_n of_o their_o king_n the_o name_n of_o arragon_n be_v derive_v from_o tarraco_n which_o be_v tarragona_n or_o what_o be_v most_o likely_a from_o the_o river_n arragon_n now_o arga_n which_o run_v through_o that_o part_n whence_o first_o the_o border_n of_o this_o kingdom_n begin_v to_o be_v enlarge_v under_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n so_o call_v from_o its_o many_o castle_n and_o which_o be_v not_o only_o the_o large_a but_o most_o fertile_a and_o beautiful_a of_o all_o spain_n and_o inferior_a to_o no_o other_o province_n be_v comprehend_v that_o part_n of_o asturias_n call_v the_o santillana_n and_o all_o cantabria_n former_o a_o small_a province_n as_o not_o 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salinas_n tolosa_n the_o city_n vitoria_n and_o mondragon_n town_n of_o alaba_n in_o castille_n we_o call_v all_o that_o be_v of_o that_o lordship_n and_o use_v that_o language_n biscainer_n as_o we_o do_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n in_o gallia_n belgica_n flemings_n though_o flanders_n be_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o that_o dominion_n beside_o this_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n comprehend_v many_o city_n of_o old_a castille_n among_o they_o burgos_n segovia_n avila_n soria_n and_o osma_n the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n be_v also_o part_n of_o it_o and_o be_v now_o call_v new_a castille_n former_o carpetania_n through_o it_o run_v the_o river_n tagus_n the_o most_o note_a of_o spain_n for_o its_o golden_a sand_n the_o sweetness_n of_o the_o water_n fruitfulness_n and_o beauty_n of_o the_o field_n it_o wash_v it_o run_v towards_o the_o west_n but_o turn_v somewhat_o southward_o as_o do_v also_o the_o river_n duero_fw-la guadiana_n and_o guadalquivir_n 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sea_n near_o the_o city_n of_o lisbon_n within_o this_o same_o part_n of_o spain_n be_v include_v the_o province_n carthaginensis_n in_o which_o be_v carthago_n spartaria_n now_o call_v carthagena_n murcia_n cuenca_n and_o the_o celtiberi_n who_o metropolis_n be_v numantia_n beside_o the_o mancha_n of_o arragon_n or_o the_o contestani_n moreover_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n belong_v the_o province_n betica_n now_o andaluzia_n in_o which_o be_v sevil_n cordova_n and_o granada_n former_o iliberis_n or_o at_o least_o iliberis_n be_v very_o near_o it_o as_o appear_v by_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o granada_n to_o this_o day_n call_v elvira_n and_o a_o mountain_n hard_a by_o of_o the_o same_o name_n all_o the_o spaniard_n at_o present_a use_n one_o language_n which_o we_o call_v castillian_a and_o be_v compound_v of_o many_o other_o tongue_n especial_o the_o latin_n which_o appear_v by_o the_o name_n it_o bear_v be_v spain_n call_v romance_n
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mix_v with_o other_o nation_n return_v and_o restore_v the_o spanish_a race_n almost_o extinct_a most_o of_o our_o author_n agree_v in_o this_o account_n but_o other_o and_o those_o very_a learned_a will_v no_o way_n allow_v of_o it_o and_o the_o reason_n they_o give_v be_v that_o no_o greek_a nor_o latin_a author_n make_v any_o mention_n of_o it_o and_o so_o remarkable_a a_o transmigration_n can_v not_o have_v escape_v their_o knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a ebro_n and_o guadalquivir_n can_v have_v preserve_v any_o moisture_n during_o so_o many_o year_n if_o we_o consider_v how_o many_o great_a river_n be_v almost_o dry_v up_o in_o one_o hot_a summer_n that_o such_o a_o drought_n will_v not_o cause_v the_o ground_n to_o open_v but_o rather_o fall_v away_o all_o to_o dust_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o libya_n and_o other_o part_n of_o africa_n because_o moisture_n unite_v and_o dryness_n dissipate_v body_n this_o be_v what_o our_o historian_n write_v my_o opinion_n be_v that_o as_o thing_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n be_v always_o represent_v great_a than_o real_o they_o be_v so_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o dearth_n which_o doubtless_o be_v much_o less_o than_o it_o be_v make_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a it_o rain_v sometime_o and_o so_o much_o as_o may_v unite_v the_o earth_n and_o preserve_v the_o river_n yet_o not_o enough_o to_o produce_v any_o sort_n of_o grain_n or_o fruit._n the_o fame_n of_o this_o desolation_n be_v spread_v move_v many_o of_o the_o neighbour_a people_n once_o it_o be_v past_a to_o come_v over_o with_o their_o stock_n and_o family_n to_o repeople_n the_o country_n every_o one_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o part_n he_o like_v best_a and_o multitude_n resort_v from_o all_o part_n through_o their_o industry_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o their_o offspring_n the_o beauty_n of_o spain_n be_v again_o soon_o restore_v the_o land_n improve_v and_o many_o town_n and_o city_n build_v the_o celtae_n a_o people_n of_o france_n pass_v the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o that_o part_n of_o france_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n spain_n of_o ebro_n and_o east_n of_o the_o river_n idubeda_n a_o fertile_a and_o pleasant_a country_n where_o be_v now_o the_o city_n tarracona_n and_o former_o those_o of_o netobriga_n and_o arcobriga_n from_o these_o celtae_n and_o the_o native_a iberi_n great_a part_n of_o spain_n be_v call_v celtiberia_n these_o people_n increase_v and_o spread_v far_o southward_o as_o appear_v by_o segobriga_n belsino_n vrcesia_n and_o other_o town_n reckon_v among_o the_o celtiberi_n on_o the_o northern_a border_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n be_v the_o arevaci_n where_o be_v now_o osma_n and_o agreda_n the_o duraci_n neritae_n pelendones_n presamarci_n and_o cileni_fw-la all_o include_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o celtiberi_n and_o join_v to_o they_o by_o affinity_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o rhodian_n who_o be_v great_a sailor_n build_v rhodope_n or_o rhoda_n now_o rose_n upon_o a_o large_a bay_n near_o the_o rhodian_n foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v a_o great_a city_n and_o bishopric_n though_o now_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a the_o rhodian_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o who_o teach_v the_o spaniard_n to_o make_v cable_n and_o weave_v rush_n for_o many_o use_n and_o also_o to_o make_v horsemill_n to_o grind_v their_o corn_n they_o be_v also_o the_o first_o that_o teach_v they_o the_o use_n of_o copper_n coin_n which_o then_o appear_v very_o ridiculous_a to_o the_o spaniard_n in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o build_v a_o temple_n to_o diana_n and_o another_o to_o hercules_n about_o 12_o mile_n from_o rose_n be_v empurias_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n at_o which_o place_n about_o this_o same_o time_n the_o mountain_n be_v fire_v whether_o accidental_o or_o by_o design_n be_v not_o know_v but_o certain_a it_o be_v these_o hill_n by_o the_o greek_n be_v call_v pyr_n that_o be_v fire_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o accident_n or_o for_o the_o great_a lightning_n that_o be_v often_o on_o the_o top_n of_o they_o this_o great_a fire_n melt_v the_o vein_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v very_o plentiful_a there_o and_o in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o those_o metal_n run_v down_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o great_a surprise_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o admire_v the_o beauty_n but_o understand_v not_o the_o value_n of_o they_o but_o the_o fame_n hereof_o be_v spread_v abroad_o induce_v foreigner_n to_o flock_v thither_o in_o hope_n to_o gather_v that_o neglect_a treasure_n or_o to_o purchase_v it_o of_o the_o native_n for_o thing_n of_o small_a value_n the_o phoenicians_n be_v esteem_v the_o first_o that_o dare_v venture_v out_o with_o great_a fleet_n into_o the_o spain_n open_a sea_n and_o steer_v their_o course_n by_o the_o north_n star_n these_o have_v gain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o rhodian_n and_o phrygian_n be_v say_v to_o have_v set_v out_o from_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o tyre_n in_o quest_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o spain_n what_o part_n of_o spain_n they_o first_o land_v in_o author_n do_v not_o agree_v aristotle_n say_v the_o phoenicians_n be_v the_o first_o who_o come_v to_o the_o straights-mouth_n purchase_v of_o the_o people_n of_o tartesso_fw-it or_o tarifa_n for_o oil_n more_o silver_n than_o their_o ship_n can_v carry_v away_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a this_o be_v about_o the_o pyrenean_n as_o be_v near_o to_o they_o and_o the_o silver_n to_o be_v some_o of_o that_o melt_v by_o the_o great_a conflagration_n abovemention_v our_o historian_n relate_v that_o sichaeus_n command_v one_o of_o their_o fleet_n and_o get_v here_o those_o great_a riches_n which_o tempt_v his_o
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the_o limit_n of_o these_o people_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o labour_v to_o fix_v their_o bound_n no_o more_o than_o those_o of_o the_o massieni_n selbisii_n curenses_n lignii_n and_o other_o who_o name_n be_v find_v in_o approve_a author_n but_o what_o place_n particular_o they_o inhabit_a can_v not_o be_v assign_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n the_o native_n provoke_v by_o the_o wrong_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o grow_v jealous_a of_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o new_a city_n hold_v a_o great_a consultation_n in_o which_o they_o treat_v of_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o danger_n that_o may_v ensue_v from_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o those_o strange_n baucius_fw-la capetus_n prince_n of_o the_o turdetani_n be_v there_o present_a he_o take_v upon_o he_o with_o wise_a word_n to_o raise_v their_o droop_a spirit_n and_o do_v it_o so_o spaniard_n effectual_o that_o they_o all_o present_o vote_v the_o war_n 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be_v admit_v to_o audience_n in_o the_o senate_n lay_v before_o they_o the_o extreme_a danger_n those_o of_o cadiz_n be_v in_o that_o they_o seek_v not_o to_o recover_v what_o they_o have_v lose_v but_o to_o preserve_v carthaginian_n their_o liberty_n and_o life_n that_o the_o opportunity_n they_o have_v so_o long_o desire_v of_o enter_v into_o spain_n now_o offer_v itself_o very_o honourable_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o ally_n and_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o religion_n profane_v in_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n who_o they_o chief_o worship_v the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n bid_v they_o be_v of_o good_a heart_n and_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n till_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n can_v be_v fit_v out_o to_o be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n the_o carthaginian_n at_o this_o time_n be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v great_a fleet_n abroad_o as_o well_o of_o merchant_n as_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o be_v possess_v not_o only_o of_o
time_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v possess_v of_o some_o town_n near_o the_o promontory_n libybaeum_n not_o far_o from_o trepana_n which_o be_v a_o great_a eyesore_a to_o the_o people_n of_o agrigentum_n now_o gergento_n it_o happen_v the_o carthaginian_n go_v out_o into_o a_o wood_n near_o the_o city_n minoa_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n which_o the_o agrigentines_n who_o watch_v their_o opportunity_n lay_v hold_n of_o fall_v upon_o and_o slaughter_v all_o but_o some_o few_o that_o flee_v and_o lurk_v about_o the_o wood_n this_o news_n be_v come_v to_o carthage_n the_o people_n resolve_v to_o take_v revenge_n sicily_n send_v over_o 2000_o carthaginian_n a_o like_a number_n of_o spaniard_n and_o 500_o mallorquines_n with_o sling_n with_o these_o supply_v the_o carthaginian_n take_v the_o field_n and_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n not_o only_o vanquish_v their_o enemy_n but_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o city_n agrigentum_n whither_o they_o be_v flee_v and_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o two_o year_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 346._o the_o end_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o great_a for_o dionysius_n the_o tyrant_n of_o syracuse_n take_v into_o his_o protection_n those_o that_o flee_v from_o agrigentum_n 346._o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o carthaginian_n have_v to_o do_v with_o so_o powerful_a a_o enemy_n raise_v a_o army_n of_o 15000_o african_a foot_n and_o 5000_o horse_n beside_o 10000_o spaniard_n to_o oblige_v who_o they_o restore_v cadiz_n and_o withdraw_v all_o their_o garrison_n except_o from_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n and_o some_o other_o small_a fort_n himilco_n cipo_n be_v appoint_v general_n of_o these_o force_n who_o at_o his_o first_o land_v in_o sicily_n take_v the_o city_n camarina_n which_o he_o burn_v and_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n the_o people_n of_o gela_n terrify_v at_o this_o cruelty_n abandon_v the_o town_n dionysius_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a force_n meet_v the_o carthaginian_n and_o at_o first_o put_v they_o so_o hard_o to_o it_o that_o their_o horse_n begin_v to_o give_v way_n till_o himilco_n come_v up_o with_o a_o reserve_v of_o 2000_o fresh_a man_n oblige_v the_o sicilian_n to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n night_n prevent_v the_o pursuit_n but_o morning_n be_v come_v himilco_n attack_n the_o enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o dionysius_n save_v himself_o by_o flight_n but_o to_o see_v how_o uncertain_a humane_a prosperity_n be_v after_o all_o this_o success_n so_o violent_a a_o plague_n rage_v among_o the_o carthaginian_a force_n that_o himilco_n return_v home_o with_o a_o very_a small_a number_n where_o for_o grief_n of_o this_o loss_n he_o slay_v himself_o after_o this_o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o dionysius_n endeavour_v by_o his_o ambassador_n to_o withdraw_v the_o spaniard_n from_o side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o they_o with_o kindness_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o courtesy_n keep_v they_o in_o their_o friendship_n about_o the_o same_o time_n certain_a carthaginian_n sail_v from_o spain_n whether_o design_o or_o force_v by_o bad_a wether_n be_v not_o know_v island_n have_v traverse_v the_o vast_a ocean_n discover_v a_o large_a rich_a and_o beautiful_a island_n which_o be_v uninhabited_a some_o of_o those_o people_n stay_v and_o plant_v there_o the_o rest_n return_v and_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o they_o have_v see_v to_o the_o senate_n where_o as_o aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v agree_v this_o discovery_n ought_v to_o be_v conceal_v and_o to_o that_o purpose_n the_o discoverer_n put_v to_o death_n lest_o the_o citizen_n allure_v by_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o island_n and_o weary_a of_o war_n shall_v abandon_v the_o city_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n this_o island_n be_v one_o of_o the_o canary_n other_o that_o it_o be_v hispaniola_n or_o some_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n the_o carthaginian_n burn_v with_o the_o desire_n of_o renew_v the_o war_n in_o sicily_n raise_v man_n in_o spain_n and_o africa_n but_o the_o spaniard_n be_v averse_a to_o the_o war_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o distance_n because_o of_o the_o two_o great_a loss_n sustain_v there_o and_o for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v they_o have_v receive_v no_o wrong_n from_o the_o sicilian_n this_o oblige_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o lay_v aside_o that_o design_n till_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n which_o be_v soon_o offer_v for_o a_o great_a famine_n happen_v in_o spain_n and_o after_o it_o as_o usual_a a_o plague_n the_o spaniard_n become_v more_o inclinable_a to_o take_v up_o arm_n to_o fly_v from_o the_o misery_n of_o their_o own_o country_n 20000_o spanish_a foot_n 1000_o horse_n and_o 300_o sling_n man_n of_o majorca_n be_v raise_v hanno_n be_v appoint_v general_n for_o this_o war_n african_n who_o with_o these_o force_n and_o 10000_o african_n sail_v over_o into_o sicily_n dionysius_n who_o be_v then_o in_o italy_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o cotron_n a_o greek_a city_n have_v receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o storm_n that_o threaten_v he_o be_v force_v to_o haste_v back_o to_o secure_v his_o own_o his_o fleet_n which_o serve_v to_o transport_v his_o army_n from_o rhegio_n into_o sicily_n be_v defeat_v by_o the_o carthagian_o and_o several_a ship_n take_v in_o which_o be_v his_o own_o equipage_n among_o the_o other_o thing_n take_v be_v find_v some_o letter_n write_v in_o greek_a by_o one_o sunniatus_n a_o carthaginian_a give_v dionysius_n a_o account_n of_o the_o preparation_n make_v against_o he_o which_o he_o do_v in_o revenge_n for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o be_v appoint_v general_n but_o it_o cost_v he_o his_o life_n and_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o the_o future_a no_o carthaginian_a shall_v ever_o learn_v the_o greek_a language_n that_o they_o may_v not_o have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o converse_v with_o a_o enemy_n without_o a_o interpreter_n after_o this_o victory_n at_o sea_n many_o place_n submit_v themselves_o to_o hanno_n and_o the_o war_n be_v continue_v with_o various_a success_n till_o the_o sixteen_o year_n thereof_o which_o according_a to_o eusebius_n be_v from_o the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n 336._o or_o rather_o according_a to_o other_o the_o second_o of_o the_o 99th_o olympiad_n 336._o which_o be_v of_o rome_n 371._o then_o dionysius_n the_o elder_a die_a dio_fw-mi who_o govern_v the_o 371._o young_a dionysius_n make_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n yet_o the_o quiet_a of_o sicily_n last_v not_o long_o but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o spain_n it_o have_v be_v already_o say_v how_o the_o carthaginian_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n of_o sicily_n in_o part_n restore_v those_o of_o cadiz_n to_o their_o liberty_n this_o war_n be_v end_v they_o send_v bostar_n to_o govern_v the_o balearick_n island_n with_o order_n to_o endeavour_v to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n but_o they_o fear_v all_o his_o fair_a word_n tend_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o liberty_n will_v never_o entertain_v any_o correspondence_n with_o he_o hanno_n be_v send_v to_o spain_n govern_v cadiz_n but_o he_o be_v covetous_a oppress_v the_o native_n and_o by_o violent_a mean_n seize_v upon_o all_o the_o treasure_n as_o well_o of_o private_a person_n as_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o public_a which_o provoke_v the_o spaniard_n to_o conspire_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n all_o on_o a_o sudden_a they_o appear_v in_o arm_n slay_v many_o of_o their_o enemy_n and_o plunder_v their_o good_n hanno_n have_v lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n and_o be_v forsake_v by_o his_o ally_n in_o spain_n send_v into_o africa_n for_o succour_n these_o auxiliary_n commit_v great_a cruelty_n and_o make_v havoc_n in_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n now_o call_v andaluzia_n what_o have_v happen_v be_v know_v at_o carthage_n they_o send_v another_o to_o succeed_v hanno_n but_o we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o his_o name_n or_o any_o thing_n he_o do_v in_o that_o government_n his_o come_n be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 398._o the_o war_n which_o employ_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n give_v peace_n to_o spain_n for_o some_o time_n but_o the_o joy_n and_o 398._o satisfaction_n of_o this_o tranquillity_n be_v allay_v by_o great_a flood_n which_o destroy_v infinite_a earthquake_n number_n of_o cattle_n and_o bear_v down_o many_o building_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o earthquake_n be_v so_o violent_a that_o many_o city_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a suffer_v extreme_o more_o especial_o saguntum_n by_o how_o much_o it_o exceed_v all_o the_o other_o in_o beauty_n and_o grandeur_n the_o three_o year_n which_o be_v 405._o after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n be_v note_v for_o mighty_a storm_n at_o sea_n which_o cause_v extraordinary_a shipwreck_n 405._o the_o governor_n that_o succeed_v hanno_n die_v one_o
blood_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n and_o storm_n after_o he_o maherbal_n but_o no_o account_n can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o action_n of_o they_o or_o what_o governor_n follow_v it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o as_o certain_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o marseilles_n in_o france_n be_v grow_v too_o numerous_a in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 419._o scent_n a_o colony_n into_o spain_n empurias_n and_o inhabit_a that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n empurias_n which_o be_v next_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n opposite_a to_o rose_n in_o latin_a call_v emporia_n though_o small_a it_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n whence_o in_o greek_a it_o be_v former_o call_v palaeopolis_n that_o be_v old_a town_n signify_v the_o old_a part_n of_o it_o and_o also_o diospolis_n that_o be_v two_o to_n another_o 419._o part_n of_o the_o fleet_n from_o marseilles_n pass_v cape_n denia_n and_o build_v a_o town_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n three_o remarkable_a thing_n be_v make_v know_v in_o spain_n by_o the_o come_n of_o this_o thing_n fleet_n the_o first_o the_o great_a power_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o how_o religious_o they_o assist_v and_o support_v their_o ally_n the_o second_o that_o the_o syracusan_n after_o recover_v their_o liberty_n contrive_v to_o expel_v the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o sicily_n and_o the_o three_o that_o alexander_n of_o macedon_n surname_v the_o great_a have_v vanquish_v darius_n conquer_a the_o empire_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o subdue_v more_o country_n than_o another_o man_n in_o that_o time_n can_v have_v travel_v through_o this_o great_a move_v the_o spaniard_n inhabit_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a to_o send_v a_o embassy_n to_o he_o to_o desire_v his_o protection_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o aim_v at_o the_o enslave_v of_o all_o that_o province_n paulus_n orosius_n say_v maurinus_fw-la be_v chief_a of_o this_o embassy_n who_o join_v by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o france_n go_v in_o their_o company_n to_o babylon_n where_o they_o find_v those_o of_o all_o other_o province_n that_o be_v there_o by_o alexander_n appointment_n expect_v his_o come_n alexander_n be_v come_v to_o babylon_n they_o give_v he_o a_o ample_a account_n of_o their_o commission_n receive_v a_o favourable_a answer_n with_o promise_n of_o his_o protection_n and_o have_v be_v rich_o present_v return_v home_o well_o satisfy_v no_o doubt_n but_o this_o embassy_n be_v very_o displease_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o it_o be_v no_o time_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o they_o be_v then_o employ_v in_o the_o war_n in_o sicily_n whence_o they_o be_v total_o expel_v by_o agathocles_n not_o long_o after_o ensue_v the_o first_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o carthage_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n war._n our_o author_n say_v spain_n suffer_v by_o civil_a war_n without_o name_v the_o party_n or_o place_n only_o express_v that_o it_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o the_o great_a cruelty_n kill_v plunder_v and_o burn_v on_o all_o hand_n without_o mercy_n much_o about_o this_o time_n which_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 502._o the_o mallorquines_n revolt_a from_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o have_v put_v their_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n 502._o oblige_v the_o fleet_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o harbour_n with_o shower_n of_o stone_n to_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o at_o last_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o appease_v those_o people_n to_o return_v to_o carthage_n to_o retrieve_v this_o loss_n the_o senate_n send_v hamilcar_n barchinus_n who_o with_o great_a prudence_n by_o courtesy_n and_o address_n reduce_v those_o islander_n to_o obedience_n without_o use_v any_o force_n or_o violence_n the_o year_n 507_o of_o rome_n and_o last_o of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n be_v fatal_a to_o spain_n for_o a_o great_a drought_n and_o violent_a 507._o earthquake_n earthquake_n by_o which_o part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n be_v break_v off_o and_o sink_v in_o the_o sea_n chap._n ii_o the_o second_o come_v of_o hamilcar_n asdrubal_n succeed_v he_o his_o preparation_n for_o the_o roman_a war_n and_o death_n no_o soon_o do_v the_o carthaginian_n begin_v to_o breath_n after_o their_o unfortunate_a war_n with_o rome_n and_o other_o disaster_n which_o follow_v it_o but_o they_o cast_v their_o eye_n upon_o spain_n as_o the_o most_o proper_a place_n to_o make_v up_o their_o loss_n hamilcar_n be_v appoint_v to_o command_v there_o with_o a_o spain_n absolute_a power_n he_o at_o his_o set_n out_o from_o carthage_n according_a to_o custom_n sacrifice_v and_o offer_v up_o his_o vow_n his_o son_n hannibal_n then_o but_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v present_a he_o cause_v he_o to_o touch_v the_o altar_n and_o swear_v that_o when_o he_o be_v of_o age_n he_o will_v revenge_v his_o country_n against_o the_o roman_n beside_o he_o hamilcar_n have_v three_o young_a son_n asdrubal_n mago_n and_o hanno_n be_v arrive_v at_o cadiz_n he_o receive_v ambassador_n from_o the_o turdetani_n who_o have_v always_o continue_v in_o amity_n with_o carthage_n offer_v their_o force_n if_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o their_o service_n with_o their_o assistance_n hamilcar_n not_o only_o recover_v that_o part_n which_o have_v be_v lose_v but_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n either_o by_o force_n or_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o native_n and_o this_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 516._o strabo_n say_v the_o spaniard_n at_o that_o time_n be_v 516._o so_o rich_a that_o their_o manger_n and_o water_n trough_n be_v make_v of_o silver_n hamilcar_n coast_v along_o the_o mediterranean_a run_v up_o the_o river_n ebro_n where_o he_o build_v a_o town_n former_o call_v old_a carthage_n suppose_v to_o be_v now_o cantavecha_n distant_a ten_o league_n from_o tortosa_n to_o the_o north-west_n among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v ilercaones_n the_o follow_a year_n he_o subdue_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o bastetani_n and_o contestani_n where_o now_o be_v the_o city_n baça_n and_o murcia_n and_o not_o far_o from_o where_o saguntum_n once_o stand_v and_o whence_o ambassador_n come_v to_o hamilcar_n bring_v present_n and_o congratulate_v his_o success_n but_o not_o with_o any_o intention_n of_o submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o hamilcar_n receive_v and_o dismiss_v they_o with_o kindness_n yet_o he_o earnest_o desire_v to_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v some_o colour_n or_o pretence_n for_o that_o undertake_n in_o order_n to_o it_o he_o persuade_v the_o turdetani_n to_o build_v a_o town_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o the_o saguntins_n which_o be_v call_v turdetuni_fw-la and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v terud_v 20_o league_n distant_a from_o saguntum_n this_o breed_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o those_o two_o city_n which_o be_v it_o hamilcar_n aim_v at_o and_o they_o understand_v his_o design_n resolve_v not_o to_o move_v or_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o turdetani_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n the_o carthaginian_n celebrate_v feast_n for_o the_o victory_n they_o have_v obtain_v as_o also_o for_o the_o marriage_n of_o himilce_a daughter_n of_o hamilcar_n with_o his_o kinsman_n asdrubal_n this_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 521._o while_o these_o feast_n be_v keep_v hamilcar_n 521._o be_v not_o idle_a but_o send_v ambassador_n into_o france_n to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n there_o believe_v their_o friendship_n may_v be_v advantageous_a towards_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n he_o design_v against_o rome_n when_o he_o have_v once_o subdue_v spain_n he_o win_v they_o with_o gold_n of_o which_o they_o be_v covetous_a and_o spain_n yield_v plenty_n the_o year_n follow_v he_o advance_v to_o the_o pyrenean_n conquer_a all_o from_o tortosa_n to_o the_o river_n lobregat_n then_o call_v rubricatus_n now_o it_o be_v that_o he_o build_v the_o famous_a city_n barcelona_n capital_a of_o catalonia_n and_o give_v it_o that_o name_n from_o that_o of_o his_o family_n to_o wit_n the_o barzini_n his_o design_n be_v lay_v against_o rose_n and_o empurias_n which_o he_o think_v obstruct_v he_o as_o be_v confederate_n with_o saguntum_n when_o death_n surprise_v he_o among_o the_o edetani_n whither_o he_o be_v return_v in_o order_n to_o pacify_v some_o disturbance_n in_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o native_n about_o the_o nine_o year_n after_o this_o his_o second_o come_v into_o spain_n this_o fight_n be_v so_o bloody_a that_o of_o above_o 40000_o man_n he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n two_o three_o be_v slaughter_v the_o rest_n of_o they_o under_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n escape_v to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n that_o hold_v for_o they_o livy_n say_v this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o a_o place_n call_v castrum_n altum_fw-la after_o this_o signal_n defeat_v the_o carthaginian_a force_n be_v turn_v against_o
the_o province_n betica_n or_o andaluzia_n where_o they_o total_o subvert_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o phocencian_n the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v not_o know_v but_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o commotion_n in_o that_o province_n as_o also_o the_o first_o that_o suffer_v for_o they_o at_o carthage_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o hamilcar_n the_o city_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o edi_n and_o barcini_n about_o name_v he_o a_o successor_n but_o at_o last_o by_o the_o interest_n of_o hannibal_n asdrubal_n be_v appoint_v for_o that_o command_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 524._o asdrubal_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o spain_n the_o year_n follow_v return_v to_o carthage_n 524._o hope_v to_o get_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o be_v hamilcar_n disappoint_v be_v glad_a to_o reassume_v his_o command_n in_o spain_n he_o find_v the_o province_n in_o peace_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o build_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o contestani_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n a_o city_n which_o be_v call_v new_a carthage_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o found_v by_o hamilcar_n on_o the_o river_n ebro_n this_o city_n have_v a_o good_a harbour_n secure_v from_o all_o wind_n by_o high_a hill_n which_o encompass_v it_o round_o leave_v only_o a_o narrow_a channel_n to_o pass_v into_o it_o opposite_a to_o which_o be_v a_o small_a island_n first_o call_v herculea_n then_o by_o the_o latin_n scombraria_n of_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o fish_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n thereabouts_o former_o the_o city_n be_v inferior_a to_o none_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o its_o wall_n beauty_n of_o the_o building_n nobility_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o citizen_n at_o present_a it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o small_a number_n of_o inhabitant_n yet_o retain_v some_o footstep_n of_o its_o grandeur_n and_o be_v call_v carthagena_n the_o roman_n understanding_n what_o be_v do_v in_o spain_n and_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n endeavour_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o people_n of_o marseilles_n to_o settle_v some_o alliance_n in_o spain_n it_o be_v no_o difficult_a task_n for_o they_o to_o compass_v their_o design_n all_o the_o people_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n ampurias_fw-la be_v the_o first_o city_n that_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v seat_v among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v indegetes_n that_o border_v on_o the_o laletani_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o ceretani_fw-la on_o the_o other_o and_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n than_o sameroca_n now_o sambucha_n to_o the_o ryrenean_n hill_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o those_o of_o ampurias_fw-la saguntum_n and_o denia_n come_v into_o the_o league_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o bloody_a war_n that_o soon_o after_o ensue_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n but_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o wink_v at_o they_o till_o all_o thing_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v in_o order_n to_o which_o though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n he_o obtain_v of_o the_o senate_n to_o send_v hannibal_n into_o spain_n at_o his_o arrival_n the_o soldier_n and_o his_o friend_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n and_o asdrubal_n declare_v he_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 528._o at_o this_o time_n come_v into_o spain_n ambassador_n from_o rome_n who_o propose_v that_o whereas_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n 528._o be_v friend_n and_o confederate_n and_o that_o there_o be_v of_o late_a alliance_n between_o the_o say_a roman_n and_o some_o of_o the_o people_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la therefore_o to_o prevent_v all_o misunderstanding_n and_o that_o neither_o may_v encroach_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o other_o the_o river_n ebro_n shall_v be_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a province_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o saguntum_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o that_o river_n they_o shall_v not_o intrude_v upon_o their_o liberty_n in_o fine_a that_o none_o shall_v offer_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o other_o this_o embassy_n be_v very_o ungrateful_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n think_v it_o too_o great_a a_o presumption_n in_o the_o roman_n to_o give_v law_n to_o the_o conqueror_n in_o their_o own_o province_n however_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o time_n till_o they_o be_v better_o provide_v to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n and_o therefore_o agree_v to_o all_o the_o ambassador_n demand_v and_o the_o more_o because_o they_o understand_v the_o gaul_n have_v be_v defeat_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o 40000_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o 10000_o take_v the_o ambassador_n be_v go_v asdrubal_n spend_v three_o year_n in_o provide_v all_o necessary_n for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v but_o death_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o his_o proceed_n for_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o a_o slave_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o master_n who_o name_n be_v tagus_n a_o noble_a 532._o spaniard_n that_o have_v be_v slay_v by_o asdrubal_n the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o 139_o olympiad_n and_o 532._o of_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n so_o great_a be_v the_o satisfaction_n this_o slave_n receive_v in_o kill_v of_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o altar_n as_o he_o be_v offer_v sacrifice_n that_o though_o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o exquisite_a torment_n he_o never_o express_v the_o least_o sense_n of_o pain_n but_o bear_v all_o with_o a_o cheerful_a and_o smile_a countenance_n chap._n iii_o the_o beginning_n progress_n and_o end_n of_o the_o saguntine_n war_n with_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o that_o city_n asdrubal_n be_v slay_v as_o above_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n be_v confer_v upon_o his_o brother-in-law_n spain_n hannibal_n he_o be_v then_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v 26_o year_n of_o age_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n endow_v with_o excellent_a natural_a part_n but_o no_o less_o incline_v to_o vice_n of_o body_n hardy_a as_o inure_v to_o labour_n his_o mind_n generous_a and_o more_o covetous_a of_o honour_n than_o ease_n his_o boldness_n be_v extraordinary_a his_o prudence_n and_o secrecy_n nothing_o inferior_a all_o these_o virtue_n be_v darken_v by_o his_o treachery_n cruelty_n and_o irreligion_n yet_o be_v he_o esteem_v and_o general_o belove_v by_o all_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o government_n and_o fear_v lest_o death_n shall_v cut_v he_o off_o as_o have_v happen_v to_o asdrubal_n his_o only_a study_n be_v how_o to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o find_v some_o colour_n and_o pretence_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v first_o to_o break_v with_o saguntum_n to_o revenge_v some_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o ally_n before_o he_o enter_v upon_o this_o great_a undertake_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o celebrate_v his_o nuptial_n with_o himilce_a a_o native_a of_o castulon_n than_o a_o noble_a city_n where_o now_o stand_v the_o poor_a cottage_n of_o cazlona_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n baeza_n where_o be_v still_o some_o footstep_n of_o its_o greatness_n this_o lady_n be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o milico_n a_o ancient_a king_n of_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o cyrrheus_fw-la the_o phocensian_a from_o who_o also_o she_o be_v descend_v have_v found_v that_o city_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o his_o mother_n castulona_n her_o dower_n be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o power_n of_o hannibal_n hereby_o much_o increase_v because_o the_o people_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o their_o countryman_n and_o friend_n in_o his_o time_n also_o and_o by_o his_o order_n be_v discover_v several_a mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v call_v hannibal_n well_n we_o may_v guess_v at_o the_o treasure_n these_o mine_n yield_v by_o one_o of_o they_o call_v bebelus_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v record_v there_o be_v daily_o take_v 300_o pound_n weight_n of_o pure_a silver_n hannibal_n first_o war_n be_v against_o the_o carpetani_n that_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a nation_n and_o which_o in_o number_n of_o man_n exceed_v any_o other_o in_o spain_n of_o these_o the_o olcades_n where_o now_o ocana_n stand_v though_o stephanus_n place_v they_o near_o the_o river_n ebro_n be_v the_o first_o subdue_v then_o near_o unto_o tagus_n be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n in_o which_o the_o native_n be_v defeat_v at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o arise_v difference_n among_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n which_o serve_v to_o make_v way_n for_o their_o enemy_n who_o let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n to_o quell_v these_o tumult_n the_o wise_a sort_n have_v recourse_n to_o rome_n whence_o at_o their_o
grant_v only_o that_o the_o townsman_n may_v depart_v with_o their_o wear_a apparel_n and_o build_v a_o town_n where_o the_o conqueror_n shall_v appoint_v he_o return_v not_o despair_v that_o such_o hard_a term_n will_v be_v admit_v by_o the_o besiege_a alorcus_n a_o spaniard_n that_o serve_v in_o hannibal_n army_n take_v compassion_n of_o the_o saguntines_n by_o who_o he_o have_v before_o be_v well_o entertain_v get_v into_o the_o town_n and_o take_z aside_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a man_n begin_v to_o advise_v they_o to_o make_v a_o virtue_n of_o necessity_n and_o accept_v of_o hard_a term_n rather_o than_o expose_v themselves_o to_o certain_a destruction_n this_o discourse_n of_o alorcus_n be_v receive_v with_o great_a indignation_n of_o the_o commonalty_n which_o gather_v to_o hear_v what_o he_o have_v to_o offer_v and_o many_o of_o they_o bring_v out_o their_o gold_n silver_n and_o other_o riches_n into_o the_o marketplace_n set_v fire_n to_o it_o and_o then_o cast_v their_o wife_n child_n and_o last_o themselves_o into_o the_o flame_n at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o tower_n which_o have_v long_o sustain_v batter_v fall_v down_o and_o give_v a_o open_a way_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o enter_v the_o city_n than_o all_o on_o fire_n kindle_v by_o the_o citizen_n themselves_o destroy_v whilst_o the_o soldier_n endeavour_v to_o quench_v it_o such_o be_v the_o chance_n of_o war_n that_o it_o invert_v the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n without_o any_o regard_n of_o sex_n or_o age_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n many_o of_o they_o to_o avoid_v captivity_n run_v upon_o their_o enemy_n weapon_n other_o set_v fire_n to_o their_o house_n be_v burn_v in_o they_o few_o be_v take_v and_o those_o the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n booty_n though_o some_o plunder_n be_v send_v to_o carthage_n for_o the_o townsman_n can_v not_o burn_v all_o this_o siege_n last_v eight_o month_n and_o that_o most_o noble_a city_n be_v destroy_v in_o may_n and_o the_o 536th_o year_n of_o rome_n some_o say_v 534_o but_o all_o agree_v it_o be_v when_o publius_n cornelius_n 536._o and_o titus_n sempronius_z be_v consul_n chap._n iu._n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_a war._n hannibal_n march_v through_o france_n into_o italy_n some_o of_o his_o action_n there_o and_o of_o the_o scipio_n be_v in_o spain_n the_o news_n of_o the_o destruction_n of_o saguntum_n and_o the_o ambassador_n that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o hannibal_n and_o go_v from_o he_o to_o carthage_n come_v to_o rome_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o the_o unspeakable_a carthage_n grief_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n hereupon_o war_n be_v immediate_o declare_v against_o carthage_n and_o all_o thing_n with_o diligence_n provide_v for_o the_o carry_v of_o it_o on_o nevertheless_o five_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o carthage_n to_o know_v whether_o saguntum_n have_v be_v destroy_v by_o authority_n of_o that_o senate_n but_o receive_v no_o satisfactory_a answer_n they_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n where_o they_o draw_v to_o their_o side_n the_o bargusii_n a_o people_n in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o spain_n near_o the_o ceretani_fw-la but_o be_v reject_v by_o the_o volciani_n and_o upbraid_v with_o their_o neglect_n of_o saguntum_n these_o volciani_n be_v doubtless_o near_a about_o that_o same_o part_n of_o the_o country_n though_o some_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v about_o villadolce_fw-mi not_o far_o from_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n guerva_n which_o town_n they_o say_v be_v former_o call_v volce_fw-mi this_o answer_n be_v spread_v abroad_o all_o the_o other_o city_n thereabouts_o dismiss_v they_o with_o the_o like_a scorn_n thence_o they_o pass_v over_o into_o gallia_n narbonensis_n where_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n they_o demand_v of_o those_o people_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o give_v passage_n to_o hannibal_n into_o italy_n through_o their_o country_n but_o be_v no_o better_o receive_v here_o than_o they_o have_v be_v in_o spain_n thus_o without_o any_o success_n in_o their_o negotiation_n they_o return_v by_o the_o way_n of_o marseilles_n to_o rome_n hannibal_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o have_v dismiss_v his_o soldier_n with_o leave_n to_o return_v to_o their_o house_n provide_v they_o all_o meet_v again_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n at_o carthagena_n he_o himself_o go_v to_o cadiz_n to_o offer_v his_o vow_n to_o hercules_n send_v away_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n into_o africa_n or_o to_o castulon_n next_o he_o gather_v 13000_o spanish_a foot_n call_v cetrati_n of_o the_o target_n they_o use_v 1500_o horse_n and_o 800_o mallorquin_n who_o he_o send_v to_o carthage_n and_o in_o return_n in_o the_o same_o fleet_n come_v from_o thence_o 11000_o african_n to_o which_o he_o join_v 800_o ligurians_fw-la and_o give_v they_o to_o his_o brother_n asdrubal_n for_o defence_n of_o spain_n beside_o he_o leave_v he_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n to_o secure_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n all_o the_o hostage_n give_v by_o the_o city_n which_o be_v son_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o saguntum_n under_o the_o care_n of_o a_o noble_a carthaginian_a call_v bostar_n when_o all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v according_a to_o his_o mind_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o a_o army_n compose_v of_o several_a nation_n in_o which_o be_v 90000_o foot_n and_o 12000_o horse_n polybius_n assign_v a_o much_o less_o number_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n he_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o a_o spaniard_n of_o the_o great_a note_n in_o those_o part_n call_v andubal_n with_o he_o he_o rome_n leave_v all_o the_o heavy_a baggage_n of_o the_o army_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o fit_a for_o so_o long_a a_o march_n and_o hanno_n be_v appoint_v with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o stay_v and_o secure_v that_o country_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o pyrenean_n 3000_o of_o the_o carpetani_n or_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n desert_v he_o which_o he_o not_o dare_v to_o punish_v for_o fear_n of_o offend_v the_o other_o voluntary_o dismiss_v 7000_o more_o that_o seem_v to_o go_v against_o their_o will_n by_o this_o policy_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v persuade_v the_o first_o have_v be_v also_o free_o dismiss_v and_o that_o they_o may_v all_o have_v leave_n to_o return_v home_o whensoever_o they_o please_v thus_o he_o pass_v on_o through_o all_o france_n but_o what_o he_o do_v there_o and_o in_o italy_n do_v not_o appertain_v to_o this_o history_n this_o same_o year_n spain_n be_v very_o prodigy_n plentiful_a of_o corn_n and_o all_o provision_n but_o very_o sickly_a there_o be_v plague_n earthquake_n storm_n at_o sea_n and_o apparition_n of_o army_n fight_v in_o the_o sky_n certain_a omen_n of_o the_o evil_n that_o follow_v this_o war._n hannibal_n be_v march_v into_o italy_n there_o overthrow_v the_o roman_n in_o two_o battle_n at_o ticinus_n and_o at_o trebia_n mean_a while_n cneius_n scipio_n pass_v through_o france_n into_o spain_n where_o at_o his_o first_o come_v he_o subdue_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o province_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o lacetani_n and_o spain_n cape_n creus_n to_o the_o river_n ebro_n those_o people_n easy_o submit_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o ill_n will_v they_o bear_v the_o carthaginian_n the_o roman_a fleet_n wintered_a near_o tarragona_n i_o suppose_v in_o the_o port_n of_o salu_n which_o rufus_n festus_n call_v solorius_n four_a miles_n west_n of_o that_o city_n scipio_n still_o advance_v meet_v hanno_n who_o as_o be_v say_v hannibal_n have_v leave_v to_o govern_v the_o province_n both_o side_n be_v eager_a to_o fight_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n near_o a_o town_n then_o call_v cysso_n suppose_v to_o be_v now_o sisso_n or_o salde_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o slay_v 6000_o of_o their_o enemy_n take_v 2000_o carthaginian_n prisoner_n and_o among_o they_o hanno_n and_o anubal_n who_o as_o be_v say_v have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o so_o wound_v that_o in_o a_o few_o day_n he_o die_v asdrubal_n who_o be_v march_v to_o join_v hanno_n hear_v of_o this_o defeat_n turn_v off_o short_a towards_o the_o sea_n where_o he_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o roman_a seaman_n by_o surprise_n and_o then_o with_o the_o same_o celerity_n for_o fear_v of_o meet_v the_o roman_a army_n that_o be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o repassed_a the_o river_n ebro_n and_o march_v his_o army_n consist_v of_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n into_o place_n of_o safety_n from_o ampurdan_n whither_o he_o be_v go_v after_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n scipio_n be_v force_v to_o return_v back_o upon_o the_o ilergetes_n or_o people_n about_o lerida_n for_o that_o after_o his_o departure_n they_o be_v revolt_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v come_v among_o they_o he_o pardon_v all_o
spread_v abroad_o that_o the_o spaniard_n who_o side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v plunder_v the_o house_n of_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o roman_n cneius_n have_v lose_v so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o his_o army_n resolve_v to_o retire_v another_o misfortune_n disappoint_v this_o his_o resolution_n for_o publius_n be_v straighten_v by_o massinissa_n horse_n which_o continual_o be_v skirmish_v before_o his_o intrenchment_n and_o fear_v if_o indibilis_n join_v the_o enemy_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v so_o great_a a_o force_n he_o resolve_v upon_o a_o dangerous_a remedy_n which_o be_v to_o meet_v indibilis_n and_o prevent_v his_o join_v the_o other_o force_n he_o leave_v a_o small_a guard_n in_o the_o trench_n and_o by_o night_n march_v out_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v design_v this_o be_v not_o do_v so_o secret_o but_o the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n of_o it_o massinissa_n come_v up_o with_o overthrow_v his_o horse_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o roman_n be_v engage_v with_o the_o suessetani_n and_o begin_v to_o have_v the_o better_a and_o by_o his_o unexpected_a arrival_n put_v they_o into_o confusiom_n obtain_v a_o perfect_a victory_n many_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o fight_n and_o among_o they_o publius_z their_o general_n many_o more_o in_o the_o pursuit_n some_o few_o under_o the_o shelter_n of_o the_o night_n retire_v to_o the_o neighbour_a roman_a garrison_n other_o to_o the_o city_n iliturgum_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o their_o camp_n after_o this_o victory_n that_o part_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n join_v asdrubal_n which_o make_v cneius_n conclude_v his_o brother_n be_v kill_v for_o that_o he_o be_v safe_a the_o enemy_n dare_v not_o have_v join_v their_o body_n beside_o a_o sudden_a sadness_n have_v seize_v he_o which_o seem_v to_o forebode_v some_o great_a misfortune_n and_o therefore_o he_o quit_v his_o camp_n by_o night_n without_o the_o least_o noise_n morning_n discover_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v go_v asdrubal_n order_v the_o numidian_a horse_n to_o pursue_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o play_n till_o the_o body_n of_o his_o army_n can_v come_v up_o gueius_n perceive_v no_o prayer_n nor_o exhortation_n be_v of_o force_n to_o encourage_v his_o man_n resolve_v to_o gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o hill_n that_o be_v near_o he_o which_o be_v easy_o perform_v but_o the_o ground_n be_v hard_a and_o stony_a their_o be_v no_o conveniency_n for_o cast_v up_o a_o trench_n to_o supply_v this_o want_n in_o some_o measure_n he_o cause_v the_o carriage_n and_o wagon_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o round_o his_o man_n a_o slight_a defence_n but_o that_o for_o a_o while_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o enemy_n who_o admire_v the_o valour_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o roman_n fail_v they_o not_o even_o in_o that_o desperate_a estate_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n come_v up_o blame_v the_o backwardness_n of_o their_o man_n and_o thus_o at_o length_n the_o poor_a fence_n be_v break_v they_o enter_v and_o with_o their_o multitude_n soon_o slaughter_v that_o small_a number_n cneius_n himself_o have_v play_v the_o part_n of_o a_o wise_a general_n and_o valiant_a soldier_n be_v kill_v a_o person_n of_o slain_n great_a worth_n that_o have_v govern_v spain_n several_a year_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o by_o his_o courtesy_n and_o address_n gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o native_n some_o few_o through_o the_o wood_n escape_v to_o publius_n camp_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v safe_a but_o find_v it_o be_v keep_v by_o titus_n fonteius_n his_o lieutenant_n with_o only_a a_o small_a garrison_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o the_o river_n segura_n and_o a_o town_n call_v ilorcis_fw-la suppose_v to_o be_v lorquin_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n the_o people_n of_o tarragona_n hold_v that_o a_o tower_n which_o stand_v near_o that_o city_n with_o two_o statue_n of_o marble_n on_o it_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o two_o scipio_n chap._n vi_o lucius_n marcius_n check_v the_o 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and_o repass_v the_o river_n ebro_n lucius_n marcius_n the_o son_n of_o septimius_n a_o roman_a knight_n a_o youth_n of_o much_o courage_n who_o have_v be_v a_o tribune_n in_o cneius_n scipio_n army_n gather_v a_o good_a body_n out_o of_o the_o roman_a garrison_n and_o of_o those_o who_o after_o the_o rout_n have_v resort_v to_o he_o join_v and_o give_v new_a life_n to_o those_o under_o fonteius_n so_o great_a be_v the_o joy_n of_o the_o soldier_n for_o his_o come_n that_o they_o choose_v he_o their_o general_n but_o their_o mirth_n be_v shorten_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o news_n that_o asdrubal_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n be_v march_v to_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o mago_n follow_v at_o his_o heel_n so_o great_a be_v the_o consternation_n among_o they_o at_o those_o tiding_n that_o they_o give_v themselves_o over_o for_o lose_v and_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o marcius_n who_o encourage_v and_o persuade_v they_o to_o reassume_a their_o former_a valour_n and_o all_o will_v succeed_v according_a to_o their_o wish_n by_o this_o time_n the_o enemy_n be_v not_o only_o in_o sight_n but_o come_v up_o to_o repulse_v their_o trench_n than_o their_o fear_n turn_v into_o despair_n they_o run_v like_o lion_n to_o the_o work_n and_o not_o satisfy_v with_o repulse_v their_o enemy_n sally_v out_o after_o they_o the_o carthaginian_n security_n as_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a victory_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o be_v now_o astonish_v at_o this_o unexpected_a boldness_n they_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o flee_v marcius_n will_v not_o suffer_v his_o man_n to_o pursue_v for_o fear_v of_o some_o ambush_n but_o be_v satisfy_v with_o that_o success_n sound_v a_o retreat_n at_o which_o the_o soldier_n be_v so_o offend_v they_o threaten_v they_o will_v not_o follow_v he_o upon_o another_o occasion_n this_o retreat_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v wonder_v at_o by_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o attribute_v it_o to_o fear_v they_o encamp_v without_o entrench_v marcius_n 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himself_o propretor_n but_o promise_v to_o send_v corn_n and_o clothes_n for_o the_o soldier_n claudius_n nero_n be_v appoint_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o war_n of_o capua_n be_v conclude_v to_o go_v over_o into_o spain_n with_o 11000_o foot_n and_o 1100_o horse_n nero_n land_v near_o tarragona_n and_o have_v join_v marcius_n and_o fonteius_n march_v with_o speed_n towards_o andaluzia_n in_o quest_n of_o asdrubal_n who_o be_v encamp_v at_o a_o wood_n between_o illiturgum_n and_o mentisa_n suppose_v to_o be_v montizon_n or_o cazorla_n where_o he_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o pass_n through_o which_o of_o necessity_n the_o enemy_n be_v to_o retire_v asdrubal_n have_v recourse_n to_o policy_n and_o feign_v he_o will_v take_v condition_n gain_v so_o much_o time_n that_o his_o army_n by_o night_n steal_v away_o over_o the_o mountain_n and_o the_o roman_a general_n too_o late_o discover_v the_o cheat_n that_o have_v be_v put_v upon_o he_o offer_v the_o carthaginian_n battle_n which_o they_o cautious_o avoid_v at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o rome_n publius_n cornelius_n scipio_n a_o youth_n of_o 24_o year_n of_o age_n but_o of_o spain_n great_a hope_n be_v choose_v to_o go_v proconsul_n into_o spain_n with_o 10000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n sillanus_n be_v appoint_v propretor_n in_o the_o place_n of_o nero_n and_o scipio_n choose_v his_o brother_n lucius_n and_o caius_z lelius_n for_o his_o legate_n or_o lieutenant_n this_o be_v that_o lelius_n who_o be_v think_v to_o govern_v all_o the_o action_n of_o scipio_n and_o of_o who_o it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o he_o compose_v the_o play_n and_o scipio_n act_v it_o he_o land_v in_o spain_n about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n he_o commend_v the_o soldier_n for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v honour_a marcius_n as_o he_o deserve_v and_o ever_o after_o make_v great_a account_n of_o he_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 544._o scipio_n 544._o take_v the_o field_n with_o his_o own_o and_o the_o force_n of_o his_o confederate_n resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o carthagena_n a_o city_n opposite_a to_o africa_n the_o strong_a the_o enemy_n hold_v and_o where_o they_o keep_v the_o spanish_a hostage_n and_o lay_v up_o their_o magazine_n his_o design_n be_v well_o ground_v for_o that_o there_o be_v but_o a_o small_a garrison_n in_o the_o town_n and_o the_o carthaginian_a general_n be_v at_o a_o distance_n mago_n near_o cadiz_n asdrubal_n the_o son_n of_o gisgo_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o guadiana_n and_o the_o other_o asdrubal_n in_o carpetania_n or_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n to_o lelius_n be_v give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o fleet_n with_o order_n that_o he_o shall_v steep_v near_o to_o the_o land_n army_n which_o in_o all_o consist_v of_o 25000_o foot_n 2500_o horse_n in_o seven_o day_n scipio_n come_v before_o carthagena_n and_o resolve_v to_o attack_v it_o the_o next_o day_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n mago_n who_o command_v in_o the_o town_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o provide_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o defence_n this_o city_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o rise_a ground_n over_o the_o harbour_n opposite_a to_o which_o be_v a_o island_n which_o secure_v it_o against_o all_o wind_n it_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o sea_n on_o three_o side_n and_o that_o which_o be_v on_o the_o land_n side_n look_v towards_o the_o north_n be_v of_o difficult_a ascent_n and_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o good_a wall_n scipio_n man_n attempt_v to_o scale_v this_o wall_n but_o the_o spaniard_n that_o defend_v it_o do_v not_o only_o make_v good_a their_o post_n but_o sally_v oblige_v they_o to_o retire_v in_o disorder_n till_o fresh_a supply_n come_v to_o their_o relief_n the_o spaniard_n be_v force_v to_o take_v to_o the_o shelter_n of_o the_o wall_n this_o cause_v so_o great_a a_o consternation_n in_o the_o town_n that_o many_o quit_v their_o post_n and_o the_o besieger_n lay_v hold_n of_o the_o opportunity_n lay_v their_o ladder_n to_o the_o wall_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o besiege_a perceive_v the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o take_v heart_n again_o and_o throw_v shower_n of_o stone_n and_o all_o other_o weapon_n again_o repulse_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o town_n be_v a_o shallow_a which_o the_o fisherman_n say_v a_o man_n may_v walk_v over_o at_o low_a water_n though_o the_o soldier_n have_v take_v no_o rest_n after_o the_o other_o attack_n scipio_n order_v they_o to_o assault_v the_o wall_n in_o two_o place_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o townsman_n be_v all_o bent_n upon_o the_o defence_n of_o those_o part_n his_o man_n may_v enter_v at_o that_o three_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o water_n be_v weak_a and_o unregarded_a his_o order_n be_v punctual_o obey_v and_o all_o thing_n succeed_v according_a to_o his_o wish_n for_o the_o soldier_n enter_v on_o that_o side_n open_v a_o gate_n and_o let_v in_o their_o carthagena_n companion_n thus_o the_o roman_n in_o a_o moment_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o city_n and_o mago_n have_v no_o hope_n of_o maintain_v himself_o deliver_v the_o citadel_n the_o booty_n be_v great_a many_o engine_n of_o war_n 74_o colour_n 63_o great_a ship_n that_o be_v in_o the_o harbour_n lade_v with_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n and_o 10000_o prisoner_n beside_o slave_n be_v take_v all_o the_o citizen_n of_o carthagena_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n and_o the_o more_o to_o oblige_v they_o their_o good_n restore_v part_v of_o the_o hostage_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o their_o city_n the_o rest_n honourable_o entertain_v and_o among_o they_o the_o wife_n of_o mandonius_n and_o the_o child_n of_o indibilis_n moreover_o a_o beautiful_a young_a maid_n be_v bring_v to_o scipio_n by_o the_o soldier_n he_o will_v scarce_o see_v she_o to_o avoid_v temptation_n and_o suspicion_n but_o command_v she_o to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o and_o restore_v to_o luceyus_fw-la a_o noble_a celtiberian_a to_o who_o she_o be_v betroth_v give_v she_o in_o dower_n the_o gold_n her_o parent_n offer_v for_o her_o ransom_n this_o goodness_n and_o liberality_n so_o high_o oblige_v that_o youth_n that_o soon_o after_o he_o return_v to_o serve_v the_o roman_n with_o 1400_o horse_n and_o continue_v in_o the_o service_n with_o great_a zeal_n and_o affection_n the_o soldier_n that_o first_o enter_v the_o town_n be_v reward_v according_a to_o their_o merit_n and_o because_o there_o arise_v a_o dispute_n betwixt_o sextus_n digitius_n and_o quintus_fw-la trebellius_n about_o the_o mural_a crown_n each_o pretend_v he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o mount_v the_o wall_n and_o the_o army_n be_v divide_v about_o it_o the_o general_n decree_v that_o both_o shall_v have_v it_o which_o give_v full_a satisfaction_n to_o all_o men._n to_o lelius_n be_v give_v a_o crown_n of_o gold_n and_o 30_o ox_n for_o sacrifice_n and_o he_o be_v send_v to_o carry_v the_o news_n to_o rome_n in_o a_o galley_n of_o five_o slave_n to_o a_o oar_n and_o with_o he_o mago_n and_o five_o senator_n of_o carthage_n next_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n that_o have_v be_v damage_v be_v repair_v all_o which_o be_v perfect_v scipio_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n return_v with_o great_a honour_n and_o reputation_n to_o tarragona_n where_o he_o have_v appoint_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o confederate_a spaniard_n lelius_n be_v come_v to_o rome_n lay_v before_o the_o senate_n the_o great_a advantage_n that_o have_v accrue_v to_o they_o by_o the_o take_n of_o carthagena_n but_o their_o satisfaction_n be_v much_o abate_v by_o the_o news_n bring_v they_o that_o 5000_o numidian_a horse_n and_o other_o african_a force_n be_v ready_a to_o be_v send_v from_o carthage_n into_o spain_n beside_o great_a recruit_n that_o asdrubal_n barchinus_n be_v bring_v into_o italy_n to_o reinforce_v hannibal_n who_o have_v late_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o samnite_n now_o part_n of_o abruzzo_n rout_v the_o roman_a army_n kill_v the_o praetor_n genius_n fulvius_n and_o twelve_o tribune_n with_o 13000_o man_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o or_o 7000_o according_a to_o other_o chap._n vii_o publius_n scipio_n rout_n asdrubal_n and_o drive_v the_o carthaginian_n quite_o out_o of_o spain_n other_o notable_a action_n of_o his_o there_o cornelius_n lentulus_n and_o lucius_n manlius_n succeed_v he_o and_o overthrow_n the_o spaniard_n that_o have_v revolt_a the_o take_n of_o carthagena_n change_v the_o face_n of_o affair_n in_o spain_n and_o many_o incline_v to_o the_o roman_a interest_n for_o most_o man_n follow_v the_o great_a power_n among_o the_o rest_n edeseus_n a_o man_n of_o great_a note_n come_v over_o to_o the_o roman_n because_o they_o have_v restore_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n that_o be_v among_o the_o hostage_n mandonius_n and_o indibilis_n prince_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n obtain_v pardon_n for_o the_o late_a miscarriage_n and_o be_v
their_o riches_n the_o number_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v small_a not_o exceed_v 4000_o man_n fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n other_o double_v this_o number_n their_o manner_n of_o life_n be_v constant_o enure_v to_o labour_n make_v they_o hardy_a and_o bold_a they_o be_v courageous_a in_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o prudent_a in_o manage_v of_o it_o sempronius_n gracchus_n when_o he_o govern_v spain_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o numantian_o and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n upon_o these_o article_n that_o they_o shall_v neither_o found_v nor_o fortify_v only_a town_n or_o erect_v fort_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n gracchus_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v their_o tribute_n at_o such_o time_n and_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v appoint_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v repair_v to_o the_o roman_a standard_n whensoever_o call_v upon_o among_o the_o arevaci_n be_v also_o another_o city_n call_v segeda_n 40_o furlong_n in_o compass_n appianus_n place_n it_o in_o the_o extremity_n 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compass_v though_o their_o crime_n be_v great_a he_o will_v not_o destroy_v it_o but_o cause_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o pay_v 30_o talent_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war._n not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v nertobriga_n as_o may_v be_v guesed_a by_o ptolemy_n little_a distant_a from_o tarragona_n and_o calatayud_n ambassador_n come_v fromt_v hence_o offer_v up_o the_o town_n to_o the_o consul_n he_o order_v they_o to_o send_v he_o 100_o horse_n afterward_o because_o some_o few_o of_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o baggage_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n he_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o excuse_n but_o sell_v their_o horseman_n destroy_v the_o country_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n they_o again_o send_v ambassador_n excuse_v themselves_o show_v they_o have_v be_v sufficient_o punish_v and_o pray_v they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o desperate_a course_n still_o the_o consul_n persit_v he_o will_v not_o hearken_v
to_o peace_n unless_o the_o arauci_n beli_n and_o tithii_n who_o have_v begin_v those_o commotion_n enter_v into_o the_o treaty_n those_o people_n be_v willing_a to_o make_v peace_n provide_v it_o be_v upon_o the_o same_o article_n they_o have_v make_v with_o gracchus_n marcellus_n will_v comply_v but_o the_o roman_a ally_n withstand_v it_o say_v it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a those_o who_o have_v do_v so_o much_o harm_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o same_o article_n they_o have_v make_v before_o the_o offence_n commit_v hereupon_o the_o consul_n be_v doubtful_a what_o course_n to_o take_v agree_v both_o party_n shall_v send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n to_o treat_v of_o their_o affair_n and_o the_o mean_a while_n grant_v a_o truce_n fulvius_n nobilior_n be_v then_o at_o rome_n oppose_v the_o ambassador_n of_o those_o that_o have_v revolt_v exaggerate_v their_o perfidiousness_n and_o the_o harm_n they_o have_v do_v to_o the_o roman_n so_o they_o be_v send_v back_o without_o conclude_v 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many_o to_o fall_v sick_a of_o the_o flux_n yet_o still_o the_o hope_n of_o take_v the_o town_n make_v they_o hold_v out_o have_v cut_v wood_n and_o make_v engine_n they_o cast_v down_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o adventure_v to_o give_v a_o assault_n in_o which_o scipio_n first_o mount_v the_o breach_n and_o gain_v a_o mural_a crown_n they_o be_v repulse_v and_o flee_v in_o such_o confusion_n that_o many_o be_v drown_v in_o a_o lake_n that_o be_v hard_o by_o at_o night_n the_o besiege_a repair_v the_o breach_n and_o the_o consul_n have_v be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o that_o hunger_n oblige_v the_o townsman_n to_o surrender_v the_o condition_n be_v tolerable_a that_o the_o besiege_a shall_v furnish_v 1000_o coat_n a_o number_n of_o beast_n for_o carriage_n and_o give_v hostage_n no_o money_n be_v demand_v because_o they_o have_v none_o as_o be_v a_o mountain_n surrender_v people_n that_o only_o mind_a tillage_n and_o cattle_n hence_o the_o consul_n 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destroy_v all_o that_o come_v in_o his_o way_n the_o people_n move_v by_o these_o loss_n send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o he_o excuse_v what_o they_o have_v do_v say_v it_o be_v the_o barrenness_n of_o their_o country_n oblige_v they_o to_o intrude_v upon_o their_o neighbour_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o he_o will_v assign_v they_o better_a land_n to_o inhabit_v he_o appoint_v they_o a_o day_n to_o come_v to_o he_o in_o three_o body_n which_o they_o suspect_v no_o falsehood_n or_o treachery_n ready_o treachery_n obey_v but_o the_o praetor_n be_v so_o far_o from_o keep_v his_o word_n that_o he_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o sword_n a_o cruel_a butchery_n and_o barbarous_a deceit_n part_v of_o the_o booty_n be_v give_v to_o the_o soldier_n the_o rest_n the_o general_n keep_v to_o himself_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o be_v believe_v he_o become_v the_o rich_a citizen_n in_o rome_n chap._n ii_o viriatus_n his_o original_a and_o action_n against_o the_o roman_n the_o government_n of_o several_a roman_a general_n and_o among_o they_o of_o metellus_n and_o pompey_n and_o death_n of_o viriatus_n this_o cruelty_n of_o galba_n instead_o of_o terrify_v so_o far_o incense_v the_o people_n against_o the_o roman_n that_o it_o occasion_v the_o war_n of_o viriatus_n which_o last_v fourteen_o year_n during_o rise_v which_o time_n the_o roman_n sustain_v many_o and_o very_o great_a loss_n viriatus_n be_v a_o native_a lusitania_n of_o mean_a parentage_n as_o be_v in_o his_o youth_n a_o shepherd_n leave_v that_o course_n of_o life_n he_o fall_v to_o rob_v and_o have_v by_o degree_n get_v together_o a_o good_a number_n of_o man_n made_z excursions_z into_o the_o neighbour_a country_n subject_a to_o the_o roman_n about_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n guadiana_n marcus_n vitellius_n succeed_v galba_n in_o his_o command_n the_o year_n of_o rome_n 604._o his_o first_o care_n be_v in_o time_n to_o
suppress_v viriatus_n who_o leave_v lusitania_n pass_v the_o straight_a of_o cadiz_n and_o keep_v himself_o in_o the_o fastness_n resolve_v not_o to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o praetor_n have_v beset_v those_o place_n so_o straighten_v the_o mutineer_n that_o they_o begin_v underhand_o to_o treat_v of_o submit_v vitellius_n willing_o give_v ear_n to_o they_o but_o viriatus_n understanding_n what_o be_v in_o hand_n dissuade_v his_o man_n and_o have_v bring_v they_o to_o his_o beck_n draw_v out_o as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o fight_v he_o place_v his_o cavalry_n in_o the_o front_n while_o the_o foot_n steal_v away_o through_o the_o wood_n and_o then_o they_o all_o make_v to_o tribola_n a_o city_n where_o viriatus_n hope_v to_o make_v good_a his_o ground_n and_o protract_v the_o war._n the_o roman_n pursue_v near_o the_o city_n he_o lay_v a_o ambush_n where_o 4000_o of_o they_o be_v kill_v together_o with_o the_o praetor_n the_o rest_n flee_v to_o tarifa_n whence_o offer_v again_o slay_v to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n they_o be_v all_o cut_v off_o in_o the_o year_n 605._o caius_n plaucius_fw-la succeed_v vitellius_n as_o praetor_n of_o hispania_n ulterior_a at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o come_n viriatus_n ravage_v the_o land_n of_o the_o turdetani_n and_o carpetani_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o roman_n come_v in_o sight_n he_o make_v show_v of_o fly_v and_o they_o pursue_v he_o without_o order_n he_o face_v and_o cut_v 605._o off_o 4000_o of_o the_o foremost_a the_o praetor_n rather_o move_v by_o desire_n of_o revenge_n than_o any_o hope_n of_o viriatus_n victory_n still_o follow_v the_o enemy_n as_o far_o as_o the_o mountain_n of_o venus_n whither_o viriatus_n after_o pass_v the_o river_n tagus_n be_v retire_v here_o again_o they_o engage_v and_o no_o less_o number_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v slay_v than_o before_o which_o so_o terrify_v the_o praetor_n that_o though_o it_o be_v the_o midst_n of_o summer_n he_o shut_v himself_o up_o within_o the_o strong_a town_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o dead_a of_o winter_n this_o battle_n be_v by_o some_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v fight_v in_o lusitania_n near_o the_o city_n ebora_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o tomb_n preserve_v there_o to_o this_o day_n with_o a_o latin_a inscription_n to_o this_o effect_n i_o lucius_n silo_n sabinus_n be_v strike_v through_o with_o many_o dart_n and_o arrow_n in_o the_o war_n against_o viriatus_n inscription_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o ebora_n in_o the_o province_n of_o lusitania_n and_o carry_v off_o upon_o the_o soldier_n shoulder_n order_v caius_n plaucius_fw-la the_o praetor_n to_o build_v this_o tomb_n at_o my_o cost_n and_o therein_o will_v i_o have_v no_o other_o lay_v whether_o free_a or_o a_o slave_n if_o the_o contrary_n shall_v happen_v i_o desire_v the_o bone_n of_o any_o other_o to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o my_o tomb_n if_o my_o country_n be_v free_a this_o be_v the_o ancient_a roman_a inscription_n to_o be_v find_v in_o spain_n mean_a while_n galba_n be_v impeach_v at_o rome_n for_o his_o perfidiousness_n towards_o the_o lusitanian_o and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o misfortune_n that_o have_v befall_v the_o roman_n upon_o that_o account_n but_o the_o great_a riches_n he_o have_v gather_v in_o that_o province_n bring_v 606._o he_o off_o though_o cato_n and_o scribonius_n the_o tribune_n accuse_v he_o after_o this_o in_o the_o year_n 606._o he_o claudius_n vnimdnus_n be_v send_v from_o rome_n to_o the_o war_n against_o viriatus_n and_o be_v by_o he_o vanquish_v himself_o slay_v great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n slaughter_v and_o the_o fasces_fw-la which_o be_v ensign_n of_o his_o dignity_n set_v up_o as_o trophy_n on_o the_o mountain_n of_o lusitania_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o the_o town_n of_o vrique_fw-la in_o portugal_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o stone_n there_o which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o notable_a roman_a monument_n in_o spain_n and_o andrew_n requesendius_n in_o his_o antiquity_n of_o portugal_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o the_o inscription_n it_o bear_v only_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o a_o few_o letter_n be_v as_o follow_v i_o caius_n minucius_n son_n to_o caius_n lemonia_n lubatus_n tribune_n of_o the_o legion_n decima_fw-la gemina_n who_o the_o general_n claudius_n unimanus_n leave_v for_o dead_a because_o senseless_a with_o my_o wound_n be_v preserve_v by_o the_o care_n of_o ebutius_n a_o lusitanian_a soldier_n and_o dress_v live_v some_o day_n and_o die_v with_o sorrow_n for_o not_o gratify_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n he_o that_o have_v well_o deserve_v it_o the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v 607._o caius_n nigidius_n praetor_n be_v send_v in_o stead_n of_o he_o that_o be_v 607._o kill_v he_o fight_v with_o viriatus_n near_o the_o city_n viseo_n in_o lusitania_n or_o portugal_n and_o with_o the_o viriatus_n like_a success_n to_o the_o former_a after_o nigidius_n c._n lelius_n surname_v the_o wise_a come_v into_o spain_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o break_v the_o force_n of_o viriatus_n be_v a_o man_n that_o rely_v more_o on_o policy_n than_o open_a force_n and_o hereby_o obtain_v great_a renown_n in_o the_o year_n 609._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n aemilianus_n be_v consul_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o the_o senate_n there_o be_v a_o scarcity_n of_o old_a soldier_n make_v new_a levy_n and_o raise_v 15000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n these_o force_n land_v at_o orsuna_n suppose_v to_o be_v ossuna_n in_o andaluzia_n here_o the_o consul_n keep_v his_o army_n for_o some_o time_n the_o better_a to_o train_n and_o exercise_v his_o new_a soldier_n he_o himself_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n go_v 609._o to_o cadiz_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n and_o make_v his_o vow_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n on_o the_o other_o he_o side_n viriatus_n have_v intelligence_n of_o the_o preparation_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n resolve_v to_o meet_v they_o his_o come_n be_v unexpected_a so_o he_o surprise_v and_o slay_v the_o roman_a forager_n and_o their_o guard_n the_o consul_n be_v return_v from_o cadiz_n notwithstanding_o viriatus_n offer_v he_o battle_n for_o some_o day_n refuse_v it_o only_o skirmish_v to_o try_v his_o man_n and_o show_v they_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v overcome_v at_o length_n he_o draw_v out_o and_o in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n put_v viriatus_n to_o flight_n winter_n then_o draw_v on_o the_o roman_a army_n march_v to_o cordova_n where_o they_o wintered_a but_o viriatus_n take_v up_o in_o the_o mountain_n his_o man_n be_v more_o hardy_a and_o inure_v to_o the_o cold_a thence_o he_o send_v to_o all_o part_n for_o succour_n but_o particular_o to_o the_o arevaci_n beli_n and_o tithii_n exhort_v they_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o their_o own_o liberty_n and_o the_o public_a good_n those_o people_n willing_o give_v ear_n to_o these_o proposition_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o second_o war_n of_o numantia_n as_o shall_v be_v relate_v when_o we_o have_v do_v with_o viriatus_n lucius_n hostilius_n mancinus_n be_v consul_n with_o this_o aemilianus_n of_o who_o we_o have_v now_o speak_v and_o he_o may_v be_v believe_v to_o have_v come_v into_o spain_n and_o there_o to_o have_v overcome_v the_o people_n of_o galicia_n if_o credit_n can_v be_v give_v to_o the_o inscription_n of_o anconitanus_n which_o he_o bring_v to_o this_o purpose_n other_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o credit_n that_o be_v due_a to_o he_o but_o by_o some_o learned_a man_n he_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o no_o better_a than_o a_o mere_a inventor_n of_o ill_n contrive_v fable_n and_o lie_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 610._o the_o two_o consul_n servilius_n sulpicius_n galba_n and_o l._n aurelius_n cotta_n 610._o contend_v for_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n the_o senate_n can_v not_o agree_v about_o it_o and_o scipio_n be_v ask_v which_o of_o they_o he_o think_v fit_a answer_v neither_o for_o the_o one_o have_v nothing_o the_o other_o never_o have_v enough_o hereby_o show_v that_o neither_o a_o poor_a nor_o a_o covetous_a man_n be_v fit_a to_o govern._n whereupon_o the_o praetor_n popilius_n be_v send_v to_o he_o pliny_n say_v viriatus_n deliver_v the_o town_n that_o be_v in_o his_o possession_n which_o if_o so_o be_v a_o sign_n he_o be_v much_o straighten_v by_o he_o after_o spain_n popilius_n in_o the_o year_n 611._o the_o consul_n q._n cecilius_n metellus_n surname_v macedonicus_n come_v to_o govern_v hispania_n citerior_fw-la in_o order_n to_o quiet_a the_o celtiberi_n who_o at_o the_o instigation_n of_o viriatus_n be_v raise_v commotion_n there_o be_v a_o account_n of_o one_o quintius_n who_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o 611._o viriatus_n but_o whether_o as_o praetor_n or_o by_o commission_n from_o the_o consul_n do_v not_o appear_v certain_a celtiberi_fw-la it_o be_v that_o this_o quintius_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o mount_n venus_n near_a ebora_n in_o
portugal_n give_v viriatus_n a_o great_a overthrow_n but_o he_o gather_v his_o force_n return_v upon_o he_o with_o such_o vigour_n that_o the_o victor_n have_v receive_v much_o damage_n though_o it_o be_v the_o middle_n of_o autumn_n be_v glad_a to_o retire_v to_o cordova_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v winter_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o without_o take_v any_o care_n of_o the_o spaniard_n their_o confederate_n or_o the_o other_o roman_n who_o be_v in_o weak_a garrison_n and_o leave_v expose_v to_o eminent_a danger_n metellus_n subdue_v the_o celtiberi_fw-la pliny_n say_v he_o overcome_v the_o arevaci_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n the_o year_n 612._o and_o the_o consul_n q._n fabius_n servilius_n be_v send_v against_o viriatus_n with_o 18000_o foot_n and_o 1500_o horse_n beside_o those_o force_n micipsa_n the_o son_n of_o massinissa_n send_v he_o 10_o elephant_n and_o 300_o horse_n out_o of_o africa_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o mighty_a army_n join_v to_o what_o be_v before_o under_o the_o roman_a pay_n viriatus_n who_o lie_v hide_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o andaluzia_n with_o frequent_a excursion_n do_v 612._o great_a damage_n and_o obtain_v many_o advantage_n till_o the_o roman_n remove_v their_o camp_n to_o utica_n viriatus_n former_o a_o city_n of_o andaluzia_n then_o viriatus_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n retire_v with_o his_o army_n into_o lusitania_n the_o consul_n be_v rid_v of_o that_o danger_n march_v to_o the_o cunei_n where_o he_o overcome_v two_o captain_n of_o robber_n call_v curio_n and_o apuleyus_fw-la and_o carry_v some_o town_n by_o force_n that_o be_v hold_v for_o viriatus_n with_o strong_a garrison_n a_o great_a booty_n be_v take_v and_o a_o multitude_n of_o prisoner_n 500_o whereof_o that_o be_v find_v most_o guilty_a he_o put_v to_o death_n 10000_o more_o be_v sell_v as_o slave_n metellus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n gain_v much_o honour_n by_o entire_o reduce_v the_o celtiberi_n and_o take_v the_o famous_a city_n contrebia_n versobriga_n and_o centobriga_n then_o hear_v that_o the_o consul_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v he_o he_o be_v so_o offend_v at_o it_o that_o to_o weaken_v his_o force_n he_o dismiss_v the_o soldier_n neglect_v the_o magazine_n and_o starve_v the_o elephant_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o triumph_n he_o have_v otherwise_o well_o deserve_v be_v refuse_v he_o at_o rome_n q._n pompeius_n come_v to_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 613._o servilianus_n be_v continue_v by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o his_o command_n where_o he_o receive_v into_o favour_n canoba_n a_o captain_n of_o 613._o robber_n who_o submit_v himself_o and_o force_v viriatus_n who_o lie_v before_o the_o city_n vacia_n to_o raise_v spain_n his_o siege_n and_o fly_v away_o whereupon_o many_o neighbour_a town_n submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v active_a and_o vigilant_a so_o be_v he_o no_o less_o severe_a or_o rather_o cruel_a for_o he_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o canoba_n man_n and_o 500_o other_o prisoner_n because_o they_o have_v desert_v from_o his_o camp_n this_o action_n in_o stead_n of_o terrify_v the_o native_n put_v they_o upon_o desperate_a counsel_n the_o roman_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n erisana_n viriatus_n without_o be_v discover_v get_v in_o by_o night_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n make_v such_o a_o furious_a sally_n that_o he_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o flight_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o those_o that_o escape_v draw_v up_o in_o a_o place_n of_o no_o strength_n where_o they_o be_v in_o great_a they_o danger_n of_o perish_v but_o viriatus_n lay_v hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o obtain_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o roman_n save_v their_o life_n viriatus_n be_v call_v a_o friend_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o that_o his_o man_n have_v plunder_v be_v allow_v they_o a_o great_a shame_n and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n hold_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la two_o year_n but_o because_o the_o province_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o metellus_n have_v leave_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n have_v not_o the_o opportunity_n of_o do_v any_o action_n of_o note_n on_o the_o contrary_a servilius_n who_o by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n have_v vacate_v the_o peace_n he_o make_v before_o near_o the_o city_n arsa_n put_v viriatus_n to_o the_o rout_n and_o pursue_v he_o viriatus_n into_o carpetania_n where_o by_o a_o stratagem_n he_o get_v away_o he_o draw_v out_o his_o man_n as_o if_o intend_v to_o give_v battle_n place_v his_o horse_n in_o the_o front_n and_o whilst_o the_o roman_n be_v form_v their_o body_n cause_v his_o foot_n to_o slip_v away_o through_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v near_o that_o do_v the_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o swiftness_n get_v off_o the_o consul_n despair_v of_o take_v so_o subtle_a a_o enemy_n march_v to_o the_o vectones_n in_o estremadura_n and_o thence_o without_o stop_v into_o galicia_n where_o all_o be_v in_o disorder_n and_o full_a of_o murder_n and_o robbery_n viriatus_n tire_v with_o so_o last_a a_o war_n and_o fear_v his_o man_n shall_v make_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n send_v three_o ambassador_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o consul_n the_o mean_v he_o choose_v to_o secure_v himself_o prove_v his_o ruin_n for_o servilius_n corrupt_v the_o ambassador_n who_o at_o their_o return_n murder_v viriatus_n as_o he_o lie_v sleep_v his_o funeral_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o tear_n of_o his_o soldier_n afterward_o with_o sport_n and_o the_o viriatus_n sacrifice_n of_o much_o cattle_n the_o murderer_n petition_v the_o senate_n at_o rome_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o service_n receive_v answer_v that_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o soldier_n kill_v their_o general_n to_o viriatus_n succeed_v in_o the_o command_n one_o tantalus_n but_o he_o not_o be_v of_o equal_a authority_n valour_n and_o conduct_v soon_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v receive_v to_o grace_n these_o and_o the_o other_o lusitani_n be_v disarm_v and_o land_n allot_v they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o tilling_n and_o the_o care_n of_o their_o cattle_n they_o may_v be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o live_v in_o subjection_n and_o want_v the_o power_n of_o revolt_a chap._n iii_o the_o second_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o numantia_n the_o consul_n mancinus_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o that_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o they_o the_o city_n destroy_v the_o very_a year_n that_o viriatus_n be_v murder_v by_o his_o own_o man_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 614._o the_o numantian_o again_o revolt_a the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o metellus_n have_v subdue_v the_o 614._o celtiberi_n there_o remain_v only_o the_o numantian_o and_o termestini_n who_o by_o former_a treaty_n be_v revolt_v declare_v friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o consequent_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n the_o termestini_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v about_o nine_o league_n from_o numantia_n where_o now_o stand_v a_o chapel_n call_v of_o our_o lady_n of_o tiermes_n pompey_n intend_v to_o bring_v they_o under_o subjection_n take_v for_o a_o pretence_n to_o fall_v out_o with_o they_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v into_o their_o city_n the_o segedani_n who_o have_v side_v with_o viriatus_n segeda_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v among_o the_o beli_n and_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o town_n betwixt_o soria_n and_o osma_n believe_v to_o be_v the_o remnant_n of_o that_o city_n this_o crime_n be_v not_o great_a yet_o the_o numantian_o send_v ambassador_n to_o excuse_v it_o who_o pompey_n turn_v back_o with_o disgrace_n still_o the_o numantian_o send_v other_o renounce_v their_o friendship_n with_o the_o segedani_n and_o desire_v to_o renew_v the_o peace_n and_o alliance_n they_o have_v make_v with_o gracchus_n pompey_n reply_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o treat_v of_o peace_n unless_o they_o lay_v down_o their_o arms._n all_o hope_n of_o a_o accommodation_n be_v thus_o out_o off_o the_o numantian_o provide_v for_o war_n and_o to_o this_o effect_n raise_v 8000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n a_o small_a number_n but_o of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n megara_n a_o man_n of_o great_a experience_n be_v appoint_v to_o command_v these_o men._n pompey_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o encamp_v near_o numantia_n with_o 30000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n the_o numantian_o keep_v they_o in_o continual_a alarm_n yet_o so_o that_o they_o always_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n which_o pompey_n perceive_v sit_v down_o before_o termancia_n whence_o he_o be_v also_o force_v to_o retire_v in_o great_a disorder_n by_o a_o sally_n the_o besiege_a make_v next_o day_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o
event_n whereof_o be_v dubious_a but_o that_o pompey_n march_v away_o to_o the_o city_n manlia_n which_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o though_o there_o be_v a_o numantian_a garrison_n in_o it_o there_o be_v at_o present_a in_o that_o neighbourhood_n a_o town_n call_v mallen_n perhaps_o the_o remain_n of_o that_o city_n then_o he_o return_v upon_o termancia_n and_o take_v it_o now_o only_a numantia_n remain_v before_o pompey_n move_v towards_o they_o he_o slay_v tanginus_fw-la a_o captain_n of_o robber_n with_o all_o his_o man_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o be_v former_o the_o edetani_n and_o now_o be_v zaragoza_n this_o do_v he_o march_v pompey_n again_o to_o numantia_n and_o because_o the_o siege_n be_v like_a to_o last_v long_o endeavour_v to_o turn_v away_o the_o river_n duero_n that_o no_o provision_n may_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o town_n but_o be_v force_v to_o desist_v have_v lose_v many_o man_n by_o a_o sally_n the_o besiege_a make_v beside_o they_o kill_v a_o tribune_n and_o all_o his_o man_n that_o guard_v the_o victualler_n and_o forager_n pompey_n warn_v by_o these_o loss_n keep_v his_o man_n within_o their_o work_n during_o the_o hard_a season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o cause_v many_o to_o die_v of_o sickness_n beside_o what_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o besiege_a hereupon_o though_o the_o winter_n be_v far_o spend_v pompey_n be_v force_v to_o raze_v the_o siege_n and_o disperse_v his_o army_n among_o the_o neighbour_a 615._o to_n in_o the_o year_n 615._o the_o consul_n m._n popilius_n lenus_fw-la be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v pompey_n fraudulent_o but_o he_o either_o for_o be_v blame_v at_o rome_n or_o that_o his_o successor_n may_v not_o reap_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o labour_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o numantian_o this_o treaty_n be_v dishonourable_a to_o the_o roman_n be_v manage_v in_o private_a and_o pompey_n to_o avoid_v sign_v of_o it_o feign_v himself_o sick_n popilius_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v begin_v to_o examine_v that_o affair_n pompey_n deny_v he_o have_v consent_v to_o it_o the_o numantian_o call_v the_o principal_a roman_n in_o the_o army_n to_o witness_v in_o their_o behalf_n at_o last_o the_o business_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o roman_a senate_n where_o passion_n be_v more_o prevalent_a than_o justice_n it_o be_v decree_v the_o war_n against_o numantia_n shall_v be_v continue_v whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v debate_v in_o rome_n popilius_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o lusones_n a_o people_n near_o numantia_n but_o without_o success_n for_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 616._o the_o time_n of_o his_o command_n 616._o have_v be_v prolong_v he_o be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o numantian_o in_o hispania_n ulterior_a numantian_o the_o government_n whereof_o fall_v to_o the_o consul_n decius_n brutus_n viriatus_n old_a soldier_n who_o have_v land_n assign_v they_o build_v the_o city_n valencia_n it_o be_v doubtful_a what_o valencia_n this_o be_v some_o say_v it_o be_v valencia_n the_o alcantara_n other_o valencia_n de_fw-fr mino_n and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v the_o great_a valencia_n but_o that_o can_v be_v because_o it_o be_v in_o another_o province_n to_o return_v to_o what_o be_v more_o material_a the_o year_n follow_v which_o be_v of_o rome_n 617._o brutus_n be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n 617._o and_o the_o consul_n c._n hostilius_n mancinus_n succeed_v popilius_n no_o soon_o do_v he_o take_v upon_o popilius_n he_o the_o command_n but_o he_o sit_v down_o before_o numantia_n where_o after_o receive_v several_a overthrow_v hear_v that_o the_o vacei_n and_o cantabri_n be_v march_v to_o relieve_v that_o place_n he_o be_v so_o terrify_v that_o he_o steal_v away_o by_o night_n to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v not_o in_o arms._n his_o departure_n be_v not_o know_v at_o numantia_n till_o two_o day_n after_o the_o townsman_n be_v take_v up_o in_o sport_n and_o pastime_n without_o any_o regard_n or_o care_n of_o the_o war_n it_o be_v discover_v by_o two_o young_a man_n who_o be_v at_o variance_n about_o marry_v a_o maid_n agree_v that_o he_o who_o first_o bring_v the_o hand_n of_o a_o roman_a shall_v carry_v she_o they_o go_v out_o upon_o this_o design_n and_o find_v the_o roman_a camp_n abandon_v return_v with_o the_o news_n hereupon_o the_o numantian_o follow_v the_o tract_n overtake_v the_o roman_n before_o they_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o hem_v in_o those_o who_o before_o besiege_a they_o the_o consul_n despair_v of_o his_o safety_n set_v on_o fooâ—_n and_o conclude_v numantia_n a_o treaty_n with_o the_o numantian_o by_o which_o they_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o liberty_n and_o style_v friend_n and_o confederate_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o this_o peace_n he_o obtain_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o tib._n gracchus_n who_o be_v belove_v in_o spain_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o his_o father_n sempronius_n as_o soon_o as_o this_o shameful_a peace_n be_v know_v at_o rome_n mancinus_n be_v summon_v to_o answer_v for_o himself_o and_o the_o consul_n aemilius_n lepidus_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n to_o revenge_v that_o disgrace_n the_o numantian_o send_v their_o ambassador_n with_o the_o article_n to_o the_o senate_n that_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o ratify_v they_o the_o army_n may_v be_v deliver_v into_o their_o hand_n since_o they_o escape_v under_o colour_n of_o peace_n the_o senate_n resolve_v not_o to_o stand_v by_o so_o dishonourable_a a_o peace_n decree_v that_o mancinus_n who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o numantian_o gracchus_n though_o concern_v in_o the_o treaty_n escape_v unpunished_a because_o what_o he_o do_v be_v by_o command_n but_o the_o commonalty_n say_v it_o be_v by_o the_o interest_n of_o scipio_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n cornelia_n marcus_z lepidus_z without_o stay_v to_o hear_v what_o the_o senate_n will_v decree_v fall_v upon_o the_o vacei_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o old_a castille_n upon_o pretence_n that_o they_o have_v be_v assist_v to_o the_o numantian_o after_o plunder_v and_o burn_v all_o that_o plentiful_a country_n he_o attempt_v to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o city_n placencia_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v receive_v order_n from_o rome_n to_o commence_v no_o new_a war_n with_o the_o spaniard_n lepidus_n have_v be_v worsted_n by_o those_o of_o placencia_n and_o want_v roman_n provision_n march_v away_o silent_o by_o night_n which_o those_o people_n perceive_v they_o pursue_v and_o cut_v off_o no_o less_o than_o 6000_o of_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v so_o high_o resent_v at_o rome_n that_o lepidus_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v and_o answer_v for_o himself_o as_o a_o private_a man_n and_o condemn_v of_o maladministration_n these_o loss_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n make_v easy_a by_o the_o success_n in_o the_o other_o province_n under_o the_o good_a conduct_n of_o brutus_n who_o quiet_v the_o commotion_n in_o lusitania_n and_o galicia_n and_o subdue_v the_o labricani_n he_o order_v they_o to_o deliver_v up_o all_o fugitive_n and_o themselves_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o without_o their_o arm_n which_o when_o they_o perform_v he_o draw_v his_o army_n about_o they_o and_o reprove_v they_o so_o severe_o they_o think_v they_o shall_v all_o have_v be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n but_o he_o only_o impose_v a_o fine_a and_o take_v away_o their_o arms._n for_o this_o reason_n brutus_n have_v the_o surname_n of_o gallaicus_fw-la give_v he_o the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 618._o brutus_n be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n and_o the_o new_a consul_n p._n furius_n 618._o philo_n have_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o charge_n of_o deliver_v up_o mancinus_n to_o numantian_o the_o numantian_o assign_v he_o q._n metellus_n and_o q._n pompeius_n the_o most_o powerful_a citizen_n of_o rome_n oppose_v furius_n go_n as_o to_o a_o war_n where_o great_a honour_n and_o riches_n be_v to_o be_v purchase_v but_o he_o with_o a_o wonderful_a resolution_n use_v his_o authority_n as_o consul_n command_v they_o both_o to_o go_v along_o with_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n or_o lieutenant_n be_v encamp_v before_o numantia_n he_o cause_v mancinus_n naked_a and_o his_o hand_n bind_v behind_o he_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a custom_n of_o deliver_v up_o their_o general_n to_o be_v leave_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o numantia_n but_o he_o have_v stand_v there_o all_o the_o day_n forsake_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o not_o regard_v by_o the_o enemy_n be_v again_o at_o night_n receive_v into_o the_o camp_n we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o 619._o any_o thing_n else_o do_v by_o furius_n in_o spain_n the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v 619._o brutus_n be_v worsted_n again_o continue_v in_o his_o command_n and_o q._n calpurnius_n piso_n succeed_v furius_n as_o consul_n fight_v with_o the_o numantian_o sustain_v
into_o spain_n resolve_v to_o make_v good_a his_o party_n there_o to_o this_o intent_n he_o secure_v the_o port_n and_o leave_v one_o salinator_n with_o a_o sufficient_a force_n to_o guard_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n whilst_o he_o himself_o go_v far_o into_o the_o country_n raise_v man_n and_o gather_v store_n of_o arm_n and_o provision_n all_o his_o design_n be_v nip_v by_o caius_n annius_n who_o rout_v the_o guard_n upon_o the_o pyrenean_n and_o slay_v salinator_n by_o mean_n of_o one_o calpurnius_n lanarius_fw-la his_o intimate_a friend_n that_o base_o murder_v he_o sertorius_n be_v so_o dismay_v at_o this_o misfortune_n that_o he_o flee_v from_o carthagena_n into_o africa_n where_o fortune_n be_v no_o kind_a to_o he_o than_o before_o he_o suffer_v much_o yet_o pass_v over_o and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o island_n iviça_n thence_o also_o he_o be_v expel_v and_o design_v to_o fly_v from_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o canary_n island_n be_v call_v upon_o by_o the_o lusitani_n who_o be_v desirous_a of_o recover_v their_o lose_a liberty_n think_v this_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n sertorius_n ready_o embrace_v their_o offer_n and_o as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n no_o less_o verse_v in_o the_o art_n of_o peace_n than_o war_n by_o his_o affability_n and_o courtesy_n soon_o gain_v their_o affection_n for_o the_o great_a show_n of_o majesty_n he_o erect_v a_o senate_n of_o spaniard_n like_o that_o of_o rome_n with_o all_o the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n belong_v to_o it_o he_o honour_v all_o man_n but_o more_o especial_o the_o roman_n as_o his_o countryman_n and_o those_o he_o can_v best_o confide_v in_o the_o fame_n hereof_o be_v spread_v abroad_o he_o not_o only_o become_v sovereign_n of_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la but_o gain_v the_o love_n of_o the_o citerior_fw-la all_o the_o spaniard_n be_v persuade_v by_o his_o mean_n they_o may_v cast_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n to_o settle_v this_o affection_n the_o more_o he_o cause_v master_n of_o all_o art_n and_o science_n to_o come_v from_o italy_n and_o found_v a_o university_n at_o osca_n persuade_v the_o osca_n chief_a man_n to_o send_v their_o child_n thither_o to_o study_n upon_o pretence_n of_o improve_n they_o but_o in_o reality_n to_o keep_v they_o there_o as_o hostage_n without_o give_v offence_n to_o their_o parent_n as_o the_o sure_a tie_n he_o make_v use_v of_o religion_n feign_v that_o diana_n have_v give_v he_o a_o do_v which_o tell_v he_o in_o his_o ear_n all_o he_o be_v to_o do_v and_o therefore_o have_v one_o breed_v to_o hand_n that_o when_o he_o stoop_v clap_v her_o mouth_n to_o his_o ear_n as_o if_o she_o speak_v by_o which_o mean_n the_o ignorant_a native_n be_v persuade_v he_o know_v all_o that_o be_v do_v abroad_o and_o receive_v direction_n from_o heaven_n how_o to_o act._n there_o be_v piece_n of_o coin_n to_o be_v see_v in_o spain_n with_o the_o effigy_n of_o sertorius_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o do_v on_o the_o other_o there_o be_v also_o two_o 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and_o slay_v 2000_o of_o his_o men._n these_o success_n gain_v he_o much_o credit_n among_o his_o own_o people_n and_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o his_o enemy_n this_o move_v sylla_n in_o the_o year_n 674._o and_o his_o second_o consulship_n to_o send_v q._n metellus_n pius_n his_o colleague_n into_o spain_n with_o he_o go_v the_o praetor_n lucius_n domitius_n toranius_n who_o at_o the_o 674._o very_a entrance_n into_o spain_n and_o foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n be_v slay_v by_o hirtuleyu_v one_o roman_n of_o sertorius_n commander_n and_o his_o army_n defeat_v which_o misfortune_n move_v manilius_n the_o proconsul_n of_o gallia_n narbonensis_n to_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n but_o he_o fare_v not_o much_o better_a than_o the_o other_o only_o that_o he_o save_v his_o life_n be_v overthrow_v and_o force_v to_o fly_v with_o precipitation_n to_o lerida_n by_o the_o same_o commander_n metellus_n with_o his_o army_n pierce_v through_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o andaluzia_n 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call_v estremadura_n over_o the_o river_n tagus_n and_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o bridge_n of_o alcantara_n by_o a_o inscription_n that_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v on_o that_o bridge_n it_o appear_v that_o many_o town_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n contribute_v to_o the_o charge_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a piece_n of_o antiquity_n in_o spain_n in_o a_o town_n of_o andaluzia_n call_v aragua_n belong_v to_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n james_n on_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v two_o stone_n which_o be_v once_o the_o pedestal_n of_o two_o statue_n erect_v in_o memory_n of_o matidia_n and_o marcia_n sister_n to_o trajan_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n upon_o they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n call_v gemina_n quit_v the_o city_n sublancia_n in_o asturias_n because_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o ridge_n of_o a_o hill_n two_o league_n below_o it_o found_v a_o town_n which_o from_o 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god_n and_o cause_v temple_n to_o be_v erect_v without_o any_o idol_n fear_v that_o the_o greateness_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n may_v cause_v it_o to_o sink_v under_o its_o own_o weight_n he_o set_v bound_n to_o it_o to_o which_o purpose_n the_o bridge_n build_v by_o trajan_n on_o the_o danube_n be_v demolish_v and_o in_o the_o east_n he_o order_v the_o river_n euphrates_n shall_v be_v the_o utmost_a limit_v quit_v what_o be_v conquer_a beyond_o it_o he_o be_v very_o sickly_a and_o be_v tire_v with_o the_o continual_a dependence_n on_o physician_n at_o bayae_n to_o avoid_v have_v more_o to_o do_v with_o they_o he_o abstain_v from_o meat_n and_o die_v have_v reign_v twenty_o one_o year_n in_o the_o day_n of_o this_o emperor_n basilides_n in_o egypt_n and_o saturninus_n in_o syria_n spread_v the_o sect_n of_o the_o gnostic_n which_o confound_v gnostic_n the_o divine_a person_n and_o subject_v the_o free_a will_n and_o its_o operation_n to_o the_o force_n of_o destiny_n and_o the_o star_n beside_o they_o affirm_v that_o christian_a justification_n depend_v only_o upon_o faith_n a_o disciple_n of_o basilides_n call_v marc_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o there_o sow_v his_o wicked_a doctrine_n among_o other_o there_o follow_v he_o a_o woman_n call_v agape_n and_o the_o rhetorician_n helpidius_n from_o these_o ash_n and_o embers_o priscillian_n afterward_o rake_v a_o fire_n which_o spread_v a_o mighty_a flame_n as_o shall_v be_v observe_v in_o its_o place_n commodus_n verus_n die_v soon_o after_o his_o adoption_n and_o in_o his_o place_n be_v substitute_v titus_n aelius_n antoninus_n who_o succeed_v adrian_n in_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o year_n 139._o during_o the_o term_n of_o 139._o twenty_o two_o year_n and_o seven_o month_n that_o his_o reign_n last_v he_o maintain_v all_o the_o province_n year_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o such_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n that_o he_o be_v compare_v to_o numa_n all_o man_n strive_v to_o please_v and_o obey_v so_o good_a a_o prince_n and_o he_o labour_v to_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o all_o men._n his_o most_o peculiar_a virtue_n be_v clemency_n and_o meekness_n which_o gain_v he_o the_o title_n of_o pious_a and_o pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la under_o he_o the_o christian_n suffer_v no_o persecution_n as_o under_o the_o other_o emperor_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n remarkable_a in_o spain_n but_o his_o name_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o some_o roman_a inscription_n he_o die_v near_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 162_o and_o leave_v m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n and_o antoninus_n verus_n to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o empire_n this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n 162._o year_n that_o two_o emperor_n be_v see_v in_o rome_n with_o equal_a power_n and_o authority_n verus_n live_v but_o nine_o year_n he_o renew_v the_o persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n quiet_v the_o east_n where_o the_o persian_n have_v raise_v commotion_n and_o be_v believe_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v the_o title_n of_o comites_fw-la or_o count_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n by_o his_o death_n the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o government_n be_v devolve_v upon_o m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n a_o prince_n of_o great_a goodness_n the_o surname_n of_o philosopher_n give_v he_o be_v a_o sufficient_a testimony_n of_o his_o learning_n as_o be_v the_o learned_a book_n of_o his_o still_o extant_a he_o reign_v nineteen_o year_n and_o one_o month_n and_o die_v the_o 17_o of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 181._o aelius_n aurelius_n commodus_n antoninus_n succeed_v his_o father_n by_o the_o vileness_n of_o his_o action_n much_o obscure_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o family_n it_o be_v suppose_v one_o of_o his_o 181._o concubine_n name_v marcia_n have_v distemper_v his_o brain_n with_o some_o potion_n she_o give_v he_o certain_a month_n it_o be_v she_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o death_n for_o find_v she_o own_o name_n
give_v their_o name_n to_o that_o part_n of_o france_n now_o call_v burgundy_n dionysius_n who_o write_v geography_n in_o verse_n place_n the_o alan_n near_a dacia_n and_o the_o getes_n marcellinus_n place_n they_o in_o scythia_n the_o silingi_n come_v into_o spain_n with_o the_o vandal_n and_o settle_v in_o andaluzia_n without_o have_v any_o particular_a king_n of_o their_o own_o it_o be_v uncertain_a what_o part_n of_o the_o north_n they_o come_v from_o some_o believe_v they_o to_o have_v be_v part_n of_o bavaria_n where_o former_o be_v a_o town_n call_v salingostadium_n near_o the_o danube_n three_o mile_n from_o ingolstad_n grave_a author_n affirm_v the_o suevian_o have_v former_o their_o seat_n near_o the_o river_n elbe_n but_o strabo_n place_v they_o near_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o danube_n about_o the_o city_n ausburg_n it_o remain_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o goth_n who_o origin_n because_o they_o gain_v and_o maintain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o spain_n for_o many_o be_v year_n 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visogoth_n the_o balti_fw-la which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v bold_a and_o among_o the_o ostrogoth_n the_o amali_fw-la so_o call_v of_o a_o famous_a king_n and_o leader_n of_o they_o be_v the_o two_o most_o noble_a and_o kingly_a family_n the_o goth_n for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v red_a hair_n and_o beard_n their_o complexion_n fair_a like_o the_o other_o people_n of_o germany_n their_o language_n not_o unlike_a nor_o much_o differ_v from_o those_o other_o nation_n that_o about_o this_o time_n break_v into_o spain_n only_o the_o alan_n be_v say_v to_o have_v use_v the_o language_n of_o scythia_n but_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o surmise_n than_o a_o know_a truth_n as_o to_o religion_n all_o these_o nation_n have_v then_o or_o soon_o after_o do_v embrace_v christianity_n for_o before_o they_o be_v give_v to_o idolatrous_a superstition_n goth_n particular_o the_o goths_z believe_v they_o shall_v have_v no_o success_n in_o war_n unless_o they_o sacrifice_v human_a blood_n and_o therefore_o offer_v up_o the_o prisoner_n of_o war_n to_o mars_n who_o they_o chief_o honour_v and_o dedicate_v the_o best_a of_o their_o booty_n hang_v the_o skin_n of_o those_o they_o slay_v on_o tree_n before_o the_o battle_n they_o sacrifice_v horse_n and_o carry_v their_o head_n on_o spear_n with_o the_o mouth_n open_v before_o they_o they_o believe_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o that_o there_o be_v reward_n and_o punishment_n after_o death_n when_o it_o thunder_v they_o cast_v dart_n up_o towards_o heaven_n think_v to_o assist_v god_n against_o those_o that_o endeavour_v to_o force_v he_o out_o of_o heaven_n they_o sing_v the_o praise_n of_o their_o forefather_n to_o music_n as_o be_v now_o use_v in_o spain_n some_o say_v the_o arm_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v wavy_a a_o lion_n regardant_a other_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v three_o lion_n like_o those_o of_o england_n but_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o insist_v upon_o these_o uncertainty_n let_v we_o see_v the_o occasion_n that_o bring_v so_o many_o and_o so_o barbarous_a nation_n into_o spain_n in_o the_o height_n of_o that_o confusion_n into_o which_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v fall_v and_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o last_o book_n one_o marcus_n in_o brittany_n spain_n be_v salute_v emperor_n by_o the_o legion_n and_o soon_o after_o by_o they_o kill_v in_o his_o place_n they_o choose_v gracinus_fw-la who_o also_o they_o slay_v within_o 4_o month_n next_o they_o proclaim_v constantine_n for_o no_o other_o merit_n but_o the_o sake_n of_o his_o name_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o fortunate_a this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 411_o theodosius_n the_o young_a being_n than_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n his_o father_n arcadius_n be_v dead_a three_o year_n before_o a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n declare_v 411_o for_o constantine_n yet_o some_o adhere_v to_o the_o true_a emperor_n among_o these_o didimus_n and_o verinianus_n raise_v a_o army_n endeavour_v to_o secure_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n against_o constantine_n but_o be_v discomfit_v and_o slay_v by_o constans_n the_o tyrant_n son_n who_o he_o have_v take_v out_o of_o a_o monastery_n declare_v caesar_n and_o send_v before_o into_o spain_n the_o army_n of_o constans_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v up_o of_o those_o people_n that_o come_v out_o of_o germany_n into_o france_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o agreement_n they_o have_v make_v with_o honorius_n be_v call_v honoriaci_n these_o by_o consent_n of_o constans_n spoil_v all_o the_o country_n of_o spain_n as_o far_o as_o palencia_n for_o he_o design_v to_o purchase_v the_o good_a will_n of_o those_o barbarian_n with_o the_o ruin_n of_o other_o to_o these_o at_o his_o return_n into_o france_n he_o commit_v the_o care_n of_o guard_v the_o pass_v on_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n the_o spaniard_n be_v offend_v at_o it_o and_o threaten_v some_o sudden_a change_n which_o soon_o after_o happen_v for_o the_o honoriaci_n invite_v the_o vandal_n alan_n suevian_o and_o silingians_n to_o come_v into_o spain_n and_o agree_v to_o give_v they_o free_a passage_n the_o occasion_n that_o move_v they_o to_o quit_v france_n 412_o where_o they_o be_v settle_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o fear_n they_o have_v conceive_v of_o the_o goth_n who_o spain_n be_v then_o join_v with_o honorius_n they_o think_v they_o shall_v be_v in_o no_o condition_n to_o resist_v no_o less_o be_v their_o dread_n of_o constantine_n who_o have_v subdue_v great_a part_n of_o france_n aspire_v to_o be_v master_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n hermenericus_fw-la be_v king_n of_o the_o suevian_o ataces_n of_o the_o alan_n gundericus_n of_o the_o vandal_n and_o silingians_n the_o come_n of_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o spain_n for_o they_o seize_v indifferent_o as_o well_o what_o belong_v to_o spaniard_n as_o roman_n and_o destroy_v the_o town_n and_o open_a country_n whereupon_o ensue_v such_o a_o famine_n that_o the_o native_n feed_v upon_o human_a flesh_n and_o the_o wild_a beast_n range_v abroad_o to_o devour_v men._n next_o follow_v plague_n a_o plague_n and_o rage_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o betwixt_o both_o evil_n great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v leave_v waist_n and_o so_o the_o barbarian_n seat_v themselves_o where_o they_o best_o like_v the_o sùevians_n a_o part_n of_o the_o vandal_n possess_v galicia_n than_o large_a than_o it_o be_v now_o as_o contain_v all_o old_a castille_n the_o alan_n plant_v in_o lusitania_n and_o the_o province_n carthaginensis_n except_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n and_o the_o celtiberi_n who_o continue_v in_o the_o roman_a subjection_n betica_fw-la fall_v to_o the_o other_o vandal_n and_o silingians_n have_v thus_o divide_v the_o country_n they_o agree_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o then_o begin_v again_o to_o till_o the_o land_n the_o spainards_n look_v upon_o this_o slavery_n as_o more_o tolerable_a than_o the_o roman_n yet_o some_o few_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n especial_o in_o galicia_n among_o the_o suevian_o in_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la one_o maximus_n be_v salute_v emperor_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o geroncius_n a_o count_n who_o do_v it_o in_o hatred_n to_o the_o tyrant_n constantine_n though_o he_o have_v once_o be_v of_o his_o party_n his_o chief_a aim_n be_v under_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o other_o to_o make_v himself_o absolute_a therefore_o leave_v maximus_n at_o tarragona_n he_o march_v with_o a_o army_n into_o france_n take_v the_o city_n vienne_n and_o slay_v constans_n the_o caesar_n but_o hear_v constantius_n be_v come_v upon_o he_o return_v into_o spain_n where_o the_o spaniard_n set_v fire_n to_o his_o house_n and_o burn_v he_o maximus_n have_v lose_v geronoius_n who_o be_v his_o support_n lay_v aside_o the_o imperial_a robe_n flee_v and_o lead_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o life_n in_o misery_n which_o last_v till_o the_o time_n of_o paulus_n orosius_n as_o he_o himself_o testify_v
upon_o and_o endeavour_v to_o rally_v they_o he_o himself_o be_v distinguishable_a by_o his_o horse_n and_o armour_n fight_v among_o the_o foremost_a and_o appear_v where_o the_o great_a danger_n be_v exhortation_n and_o example_n be_v of_o no_o force_n his_o man_n all_o flee_v he_o remain_v among_o the_o last_o and_o see_v no_o hope_n leave_v try_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n when_o clodoveus_n or_o clovis_n who_o charge_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o man_n bear_v he_o down_o with_o a_o shock_n of_o his_o lance._n alaricus_n strive_v to_o rise_v be_v kill_v by_o a_o french_a foot_n soldier_n two_o noble_a goth_n think_v to_o revenge_v their_o king_n run_v at_o clovis_n who_o be_v save_v by_o the_o goodness_n of_o his_o armour_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o a_o youth_n call_v clodoricus_n that_o come_v in_o to_o his_o rescue_n alaricus_n be_v dead_a the_o goth_n disperse_v themselves_o into_o all_o the_o neighbour_a town_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o no_o considerable_a body_n remain_v together_o to_o oppose_v the_o frank_n whereupon_o they_o present_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o city_n angouleme_n but_o those_o goth_n who_o have_v not_o be_v in_o this_o battle_n assemble_v themselves_o have_v the_o courage_n to_o try_v their_o fortune_n near_o bourdeaux_n they_o prove_v no_o more_o successful_a than_o the_o other_o and_o the_o slaughter_n of_o they_o be_v so_o great_a that_o from_o that_o day_n the_o country_n they_o fight_v in_o change_v its_o name_n and_o be_v call_v the_o arian_n field_n from_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o goth_n after_o these_o two_o mighty_a victory_n many_o place_n submit_v to_o the_o frank_n as_o bourdeaux_n the_o vesates_n cahors_n rhodes_n and_o those_o of_o albernia_n even_o the_o city_n of_o toulouse_n where_o the_o goth_n keep_v their_o court_n be_v take_v and_o nothing_o considerable_a leave_v they_o in_o france_n among_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o gothish_a king_n be_v find_v the_o vessel_n and_o instrument_n belong_v to_o the_o sacrifice_n at_o the_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o have_v be_v take_v by_o alaricus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o those_o people_n when_o he_o sack_v rome_n leave_v by_o he_o to_o his_o successor_n and_o now_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o clovis_n alaricus_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 506._o his_o reign_n which_o last_v 23_o year_n he_o support_v by_o falsehood_n and_o cruelty_n which_o make_v his_o end_n the_o less_o pity_v all_o people_n say_v he_o have_v well_o deserve_v 506._o it_o yet_o he_o be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n that_o make_v use_v of_o write_a law_n and_o publish_v those_o of_o theodosius_n the_o same_o year_n he_o be_v slay_v before_o his_o time_n the_o goth_n like_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o their_o forefather_n to_o these_o law_n of_o alaricus_n succeed_v king_n add_v many_o other_o of_o all_o which_o together_o be_v compose_v that_o volume_n the_o spaniard_n call_v fuero_fw-la jusgo_fw-la whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n chap._n v._o the_o reign_n of_o the_o king_n gesaleycus_n theodorick_n and_o amalaricus_n several_a spanish_a synod_n defeat_v of_o the_o frank_n and_o trial_n by_o ordeal_o alaricus_n leave_v two_o son_n one_o by_o his_o wife_n theudicoda_n call_v amalaricus_n and_o one_o by_o another_o woman_n name_v gesaleycus_n the_o principal_a man_n among_o the_o goth_n choose_v the_o latter_a for_o throne_n their_o king_n by_o reason_n the_o other_o be_v but_o five_o year_n of_o age._n this_o offend_v the_o king_n of_o the_o ostrogoth_n who_o send_v 80000_o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o ilba_n as_o well_o to_o suppress_v the_o frank_n and_o restore_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o visogoth_n then_o at_o the_o point_n of_o destruction_n as_o to_o reinthrone_a his_o grandson_n amalaricus_n gesaleycus_n fear_v so_o great_a a_o power_n as_o also_o because_o the_o king_n of_o the_o burgundian_n have_v take_v narbonne_n not_o think_v himself_o secure_a in_o any_o part_n of_o france_n retire_v to_o barcelona_n he_o be_v natural_o a_o coward_n and_o consequent_o cruel_a which_o move_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o in_o his_o palace_n in_o that_o city_n to_o kill_v goericus_n a_o man_n of_o note_n ilba_n kill_v in_o france_n assist_v by_o the_o visogoth_n overthrow_v the_o frank_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o 20000_o of_o they_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o visogoth_n recover_v guienne_n the_o ostrogoth_n possess_v themselves_o of_o provence_n take_v narbonne_n from_o the_o burgundian_n and_o be_v about_o pass_v the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n hereupon_o gesaleycus_n not_o trust_v to_o his_o own_o people_n know_v the_o hatred_n they_o bear_v he_o for_o his_o cowardice_n and_o cruelty_n go_v over_o into_o africa_n thrasimundus_n king_n of_o the_o vandal_n though_o marry_v to_o the_o sister_n of_o theodorick_n receive_v he_o friendly_a and_o relieve_v he_o with_o money_n have_v receive_v this_o aid_n he_o return_v into_o france_n and_o after_o lie_v hide_v a_o year_n raise_v a_o army_n with_o which_o he_o dare_v venture_v to_o give_v a_o battle_n near_o barcelona_n but_o be_v vanquish_v by_o ilba_n and_o fly_v into_o france_n soon_o after_o die_v with_o grief_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 510._o when_o he_o have_v reign_v 4_o year_n author_n do_v not_o agree_v who_o succeed_v gesaleycus_n most_o of_o 510._o they_o affirm_v that_o theodorick_n the_o ostrogoth_n from_o thence_o forward_o call_v himself_o king_n of_o the_o death_n visogoth_n this_o opinion_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o synod_n then_o hold_v in_o spain_n in_o which_o be_v see_v the_o name_n of_o theodorick_n and_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n other_o say_v amalaricus_n succeed_v and_o theodorick_n only_o act_v as_o his_o tutor_n i_o can_v no_o way_n give_v credit_n to_o what_o spanish_a author_n write_v viz._n that_o theodorick_n come_v into_o spain_n marry_v a_o wife_n of_o the_o old_a spanish_a race_n at_o toledo_n and_o at_o her_o request_n restore_v they_o to_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n since_o no_o foreign_a writer_n make_v mention_n of_o any_o such_o journey_n of_o he_o especial_o cassiodorus_n and_o other_o who_o write_v his_o action_n very_o particular_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o theudius_n or_o theudis_n who_o have_v serve_v theodorick_n as_o his_o esquire_n at_o arm_n be_v by_o his_o favour_n appoint_v to_o govern_v during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o young_a king_n which_o be_v the_o first_o step_n by_o which_o afterward_o he_o ascend_v to_o the_o throne_n in_o the_o year_n 516._o a_o council_n of_o bishop_n be_v hold_v at_o tarragona_n here_o we_o find_v the_o first_o mention_n of_o any_o monk_n in_o spain_n here_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o jew_n sabbath_n 516._o tarragona_n sunday_n shall_v begin_v to_o be_v observe_v on_o saturday_n evening_n whence_o remain_v still_o the_o custom_n among_o spaniard_n of_o keep_v holiday_n and_o rejoice_v on_o the_o 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rage_v in_o his_o army_n that_o few_o of_o they_o return_v home_o to_o carry_v the_o news_n and_o be_v witness_n of_o the_o divine_a vengeance_n this_o danger_n be_v over_o other_o new_a trouble_n happen_v in_o spain_n as_o great_a as_o any_o have_v be_v since_o it_o begin_v to_o lift_v up_o its_o head_n these_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o discord_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o the_o earl_n d._n garcia_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v join_v their_o power_n for_o the_o public_a good_a mahomet_n castille_n govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o moor_n in_o the_o name_n of_o hissem_n the_o king_n his_o great_a aim_n be_v to_o destroy_v the_o christian_n d._n vela_n he_o that_o we_o say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o earl_n fernan_n gonzalez_n flee_v to_o the_o moor_n now_o blow_v these_o coal_n the_o moor_n join_v their_o force_n with_o a_o body_n of_o christian_n that_o follow_v d._n vela_n enter_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n duero_n which_o for_o 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enemy_n to_o depart_v have_v gain_v much_o honour_n and_o plunder_v and_o resolve_v to_o return_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n will_v permit_v d._n bermudo_n because_o the_o city_n be_v weak_a cause_v the_o body_n of_o the_o saint_n and_o king_n to_o be_v translate_v to_o oviedo_n and_o remove_v thither_o himself_o the_o care_n of_o fortify_v and_o defend_v of_o leon_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o earl_n guilien_n gonzalez_n this_o disaster_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 984._o in_o which_o miron_n bishop_n of_o girona_n 984._o son_n to_o miron_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n die_v in_o that_o country_n a_o body_n of_o moor_n near_o the_o castle_n of_o moncada_n overthrow_v borello_n cousin_n to_o the_o bishop_n miron_n above_o 500_o christian_n be_v slay_v the_o rest_n with_o the_o earl_n borello_n flee_v to_o barcelona_n the_o follow_a year_n 985_o be_v remarkable_a 985._o for_o destruction_n of_o the_o two_o famous_a city_n leon_n and_o barcelona_n on_o the_o first_o of_o day_n of_o july_n the_o moor_n lay_v siege_n to_o bercelona_n and_o take_v it_o on_o the_o 6_o day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n many_o of_o the_o moor_n citizen_n be_v carry_v away_o into_o slavery_n to_o cordova_n but_o the_o city_n be_v soon_o recover_v by_o the_o christian_n before_o it_o be_v take_v borcello_n get_v out_o to_o gather_v force_n to_o relieve_v it_o and_o have_v muster_v a_o good_a body_n at_o maresa_n and_o other_o neighbour_a place_n regain_v the_o city_n the_o earl_n borello_n die_v eight_o year_n after_o leave_v by_o his_o two_o wife_n ledgardi_n and_o aymcrudi_fw-la two_o son_n raymund_n and_o armengaud_n the_o elder_a earl_n of_o barcelona_n the_o other_o of_o vrgel_n and_o be_v head_n of_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o armengaud_n or_o armengols_n in_o catalonia_n of_o which_o in_o process_n of_o time_n there_o be_v many_o brave_a commander_n in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n mahomet_n proud_a with_o his_o last_o success_n gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n besiege_v leon._n the_o city_n hold_v out_o almost_o a_o year_n though_o continual_o batter_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o engine_n earl_n guillen_n gonzalez_n make_v it_o appear_v of_o how_o great_a consequence_n it_o be_v to_o have_v a_o brave_a commander_n be_v sick_a in_o infidel_n bed_n with_o the_o continual_a fatigue_n of_o so_o many_o month_n he_o be_v tell_v the_o town_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o furious_a assault_n that_o be_v then_o give_v he_o then_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o chair_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a danger_n be_v and_o so_o effectual_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n that_o they_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n for_o three_o day_n then_o see_v the_o town_n be_v enter_v he_o cast_v himself_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o infidel_n and_o die_v with_o his_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n the_o barbarian_n enrage_v for_o the_o loss_n they_o have_v sustain_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n all_o sex_n and_o age_n indifferent_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n and_o after_o plunder_v the_o city_n cast_v down_o the_o wall_n and_o all_o other_o work_v about_o it_o the_o same_o disaster_n befall_v astorga_n valencia_n del_fw-it campo_n the_o monastery_n of_o sahagun_n gordon_n alva_n luna_n and_o other_o town_n and_o village_n which_o be_v take_v plunder_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n next_o break_v into_o castille_n they_o take_v plunder_v and_o burn_v osma_n berlanga_n and_o atiença_n without_o meet_v any_o opposition_n nevertheless_o such_o be_v the_o madness_n of_o the_o christian_n that_o not_o regard_v the_o public_a calamity_n they_o destroy_v one_o another_o upon_o private_a feud_n and_o animosity_n for_o the_o year_n follow_v seven_o most_o noble_a brother_n lara_n call_v the_o infant_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o their_o uncle_n ruy_n velasquez_n without_o any_o regard_n of_o consanguinity_n they_o be_v the_o son_n of_o his_o sister_n da._n sancha_n and_o by_o the_o father_n side_n descend_v from_o d._n james_n porcellos_fw-la earl_n of_o castille_n these_o 7_o brother_n have_v be_v very_o famous_a no_o less_o for_o their_o noble_a action_n than_o unfortunate_a death_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o ruy_n velasquez_n lord_n of_o barcelona_n solemnize_n his_o marriage_n with_o da._n lambra_n cousin_n to_o the_o earl_n garci_n fernandez_n at_o burgos_n a_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n be_v at_o the_o wedding_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o earl_n garci_n fernandez_n and_o the_o seven_o brother_n with_o their_o father_n a_o dispute_n arise_v betwixt_o gonzalo_n the_o young_a of_o the_o brother_n and_o alvar_n sanchez_n a_o kinsman_n of_o da_fw-la lambra_n yet_o so_o that_o no_o harm_n be_v then_o do_v yet_o da._n lambra_fw-mi take_z it_o upon_o herself_o to_o wreak_v her_o revenge_n in_o the_o town_n of_o barbadillo_n whither_o the_o brother_n out_o of_o respect_n go_v to_o accompany_v she_o she_o cause_v a_o slave_n to_o throw_v a_o wet_a cowcomber_n at_o gonçalo_n which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o spain_n be_v a_o heinous_a affront_n the_o slave_n flee_v for_o shelter_n to_o da._n lambra_n but_o it_o avail_v he_o not_o for_o in_o her_o very_a arm_n they_o kill_v he_o ruy_n velasquez_n who_o be_v then_o absent_a as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v in_o a_o rage_n for_o the_o affront_n give_v his_o wife_n study_v how_o to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o seven_o brother_n he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o ensnare_v those_o he_o design_v to_o destroy_v with_o the_o show_n of_o friendship_n and_o therefore_o contrive_v that_o gonzalo_n gustio_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o treachery_n cordova_n upon_o pretence_n of_o receive_v some_o money_n of_o that_o king_n but_o in_o reality_n to_o have_v he_o destroy_v to_o which_o effect_n he_o have_v write_v a_o letter_n in_o arabic_a to_o the_o king_n who_o pity_v the_o noble_a person_n grey-hair_n only_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v imprison_v his_o confinement_n be_v not_o so_o close_o but_o the_o king_n sister_n can_v come_v at_o he_o and_o on_o she_o it_o be_v say_v he_o get_v mudarra_fw-mi gonzalez_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a family_n of_o manriquez_n ruy_n velasquez_n his_o rage_n be_v not_o appease_v with_o the_o harm_n do_v to_o gonzalo_n gustio_n near_o to_o almenara_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o arausana_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n moncayo_n he_o lay_v the_o seven_o brother_n in_o ambush_n pretend_v to_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n the_o brother_n suspect_v no_o harm_n but_o nuno_n salido_n their_o tutor_n endeavour_v to_o dissuade_v they_o as_o fear_v some_o treachery_n yet_o his_o word_n be_v in_o vain_a with_o they_o be_v 200_o horse_n a_o small_a number_n for_o the_o multitude_n of_o moor_n that_o fall_v on_o he_o the_o treason_n be_v discover_v the_o brother_n fight_v
to_o lay_v hold_n of_o the_o opportunity_n his_o absence_n offer_v for_o enlarge_a his_o dominion_n for_o the_o more_o security_n to_o his_o design_n he_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o zaragoça_n huesca_n and_o tudela_n though_o moor_n and_o join_v his_o force_n with_o they_o with_o they_o he_o break_v into_o navarre_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o tafalla_n a_o town_n of_o note_n it_o happen_v d._n garcia_n at_o the_o same_o time_n return_v from_o his_o pilgrimage_n and_o gather_v what_o strength_n he_o can_v on_o a_o sudden_a fall_v upon_o his_o brother_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o he_o force_v he_o to_o fly_v out_o of_o arragon_n without_o stop_v till_o he_o come_v to_o sobrarve_v his_o flight_n be_v with_o such_o precipitation_n that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o leap_v upon_o the_o next_o horse_n that_o come_v to_o hand_n without_o saddle_n or_o bridle_n these_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o great_a trouble_n that_o ensue_v the_o nobility_n of_o leon_n be_v offend_v at_o leon._n ferdinand_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o stir_v up_o their_o king_n d._n bermudo_n against_o he_o d._n bermudo_fw-la himself_o be_v dissatisfy_v for_o that_o the_o other_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n against_o his_o will_n and_o conquer_a a_o considerable_a part_n of_o his_o dominion_n as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o last_o book_n there_o be_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n of_o take_v revenge_n the_o brother_n be_v at_o variance_n and_o king_n ferdinand_n force_n but_o very_o small_a wherefore_o d._n bermudo_n gather_v a_o army_n and_o enter_v castille_n d._n ferdinand_n call_v upon_o his_o brother_n d._n garcia_n for_o aid_n who_o come_v speedy_o to_o his_o relief_n their_o force_n be_v join_v they_o advance_v towards_o their_o enemy_n and_o encamp_v in_o sight_n of_o he_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n carrion_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o tamaron_n near_o a_o town_n call_v lantada_n both_o side_n be_v eager_a to_o fight_v so_o there_o be_v no_o time_n lose_v but_o they_o present_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n which_o prove_v very_o bloody_a and_o great_a number_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o action_n d._n bermudo_n resolute_o break_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o enemy_n design_v to_o single_a out_o king_n ferdinand_n but_o be_v wound_v with_o a_o spear_n whereof_o he_o fall_v down_o dead_a his_o death_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n for_o king_n ferdinand_n after_o this_o victory_n enter_v the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n which_o then_o belong_v to_o he_o of_o right_n and_o easy_o possess_v himself_o of_o it_o notwithstanding_o some_o opposition_n be_v make_v only_o in_o hatred_n to_o the_o government_n of_o a_o stranger_n but_o courage_n without_o strength_n be_v useless_a the_o city_n of_o leon_n at_o first_o shut_v its_o gate_n against_o the_o conqueror_n but_o be_v whole_o unprovided_a of_o all_o necessary_n to_o hold_v out_o a_o siege_n soon_o surrender_v the_o leon._n citizen_n conduct_v the_o king_n with_o great_a joy_n to_o the_o church_n of_o s._n marry_o de_fw-fr regla_n where_o he_o be_v proclaim_v and_o crown_v servandus_fw-la bishop_n of_o leon_n perform_v the_o ceremony_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1038._o d._n ferdinand_n reign_v in_o leon_n 28_o year_n 6_o month_n and_o 12_o day_n and_o 12_o year_n more_o in_o castille_n part_v before_o and_o part_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n 1038._o chap._n ii_o ferdinand_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n the_o most_o powerful_a king_n of_o spain_n overthrow_v the_o moor_n take_v several_a town_n and_o ravages_n the_o territory_n of_o the_o infidel_n ramiro_n king_n of_o arragon_n war_n on_o his_o brother_n of_o navarre_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o this_o new_a kingdom_n d._n ferdinand_n become_v the_o most_o powerful_a king_n in_o spain_n his_o zeal_n for_o religion_n and_o many_o virtue_n which_o be_v no_o way_n inferior_a to_o his_o power_n spain_n and_o warlike_a achievement_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v call_v the_o great_a and_o the_o flattery_n of_o his_o people_n extend_v so_o far_o as_o to_o style_v he_o emperor_n beside_o he_o be_v fortunate_a in_o a_o numerous_a issue_n his_o first_o child_n before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v d._n vrraca_n next_o d._n sancho_n who_o succeed_v he_o then_o d._n elvira_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr cabra_fw-la after_o she_o d._n alonso_n who_o at_o last_o become_v sole_a sovereign_n of_o all_o those_o dominion_n and_o last_o d._n garcia_n the_o young_a all_o of_o they_o by_o one_o wife_n these_o child_n be_v educate_v with_o that_o care_n as_o become_v their_o dignity_n d._n ferdinand_n have_v settle_v his_o government_n enjoy_v a_o perfect_a peace_n but_o think_v nothing_o can_v gain_v he_o more_o reputation_n among_o his_o people_n or_o be_v more_o please_v to_o god_n than_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o river_n guadiana_n and_o tagus_n and_o along_o the_o river_n duero_n be_v then_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o moor_n be_v call_v estremadura_n and_o still_o retain_v the_o name_n have_v raise_v a_o considerable_a army_n he_o to_n march_v towards_o those_o border_n as_o be_v the_o near_a and_o because_o the_o moor_n than_o have_v make_v a_o inroad_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o take_v a_o great_a booty_n the_o king_n march_v with_o such_o speed_n that_o he_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o recover_v all_o the_o prey_n then_o encourage_v with_o success_n he_o march_v into_o their_o territory_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n about_o merida_n and_o badajoz_n without_o spare_v any_o thing_n that_o come_v in_o his_o way_n but_o drive_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o cattle_n and_o prisoner_n beside_o he_o take_v two_o town_n the_o one_o call_v sena_n and_o the_o other_o gani._n in_o portugal_n after_o a_o long_a siege_n and_o vigorous_a resistance_n make_v by_o the_o moor_n the_o city_n viseo_n surrender_v the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n be_v most_o grateful_a to_o the_o king_n not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o great_a importance_n but_o also_o because_o in_o it_o he_o find_v the_o moor_n who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o kill_v his_o father-in-law_n d._n alonso_n with_o a_o dart_n he_o throw_v from_o the_o wall_n his_o death_n the_o king_n now_o revenge_v on_o the_o infidel_n put_v out_o his_o eye_n cut_v off_o both_o his_o hand_n and_o one_o of_o his_o foot_n at_o this_o time_n also_o be_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o castle_n of_o s._n martin_n and_o taranço_n hence_o the_o king_n go_v to_o the_o church_n of_o s._n james_n the_o apostle_n to_o pay_v his_o vow_n make_v and_o offer_v new_a one_o to_o obtain_v that_o saint_n assistance_n for_o the_o future_a as_o he_o have_v till_o then_o this_o happen_v the_o second_o year_n after_o he_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o leon._n the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v of_o our_o lord_n 1040._o he_o commence_v the_o war_n with_o great_a heat_n than_o before_o by_o the_o siege_n of_o coimbra_n which_o at_o length_n be_v surrender_v to_o he_o upon_o discretion_n want_v of_o all_o 1040._o moor_n necessary_n oblige_v the_o besiege_a to_o submit_v after_o endure_v a_o siege_n of_o seven_o month_n which_o some_o author_n mistake_n and_o will_v make_v seven_o year_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a city_n in_o portugal_n now_o much_o more_o renown_v for_o learning_n have_v be_v make_v a_o university_n by_o king_n john_n iii_o of_o portugal_n who_o assign_v great_a revenue_n to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a in_o spain_n it_o be_v say_v the_o monk_n of_o a_o monastery_n call_v lormanus_n or_o rather_o lorvao_n be_v a_o great_a help_n towards_o carry_v on_o the_o siege_n by_o relieve_v the_o king_n army_n with_o great_a store_n of_o provision_n they_o have_v lay_v up_o unknown_a to_o the_o moor_n what_o return_v the_o king_n make_v be_v not_o know_v by_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n the_o territory_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n be_v extend_v to_o the_o river_n mondego_n which_o run_v through_o it_o and_o be_v call_v in_o latin_a monda_n the_o king_n give_v the_o government_n of_o this_o city_n and_o adjacent_a country_n to_o one_o sisnandus_fw-la a_o man_n well_o skill_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o fight_v with_o the_o moor_n have_v serve_v benabet_n king_n of_o sevil_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o christian_n such_o be_v the_o corruption_n of_o that_o age._n after_o settle_v his_o conquest_n the_o king_n again_o return_v to_o visit_v the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n and_o offer_v part_n of_o the_o spoil_n in_o acknowledgement_n for_o his_o success_n past_a and_o to_o beg_v a_o continuance_n for_o the_o future_a this_o do_v he_o take_v a_o progress_n to_o progress_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n in_o manner_n
storm_n threaten_v first_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o procure_v assistance_n from_o his_o brother_n and_o cousin_n gather_v a_o number_n of_o good_a soldier_n and_o march_v towards_o the_o enemy_n both_o army_n meet_v near_o a_o town_n call_v piantaca_n where_o be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n both_o side_n for_o a_o long_a time_n resolute_o maintain_v their_o ground_n but_o at_o length_n d._n alonso_n be_v discomfit_v his_o army_n put_v to_o the_o rout_n and_o he_o force_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o city_n leon._n chap._n vi_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n d._n sancho_n make_v upon_o his_o two_o brother_n he_o expel_v alonso_n king_n of_o leon_n first_o and_o then_o garcia_n king_n of_o galicia_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n zamora_n and_o be_v there_o murder_v king_n alonso_n after_o the_o defeat_n abovementioned_a have_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n recruit_v his_o army_n meet_v the_o enemy_n again_o near_o a_o town_n call_v golpelara_n according_a to_o pelagius_n brother_n bishop_n of_o oviedo_n the_o archbishop_n d_o roderick_n call_v it_o vulpecularia_fw-la on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n carrion_n here_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n be_v change_v and_o the_o castilian_n rout_v roderick_n dyaz_n who_o accompany_v king_n sancho_n in_o all_o his_o war_n guess_v that_o success_n will_v produce_v security_n to_o the_o victor_n rally_v his_o scatter_a soldier_n and_o by_o break_v of_o day_n fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n as_o they_o lay_v bury_v in_o sleep_n and_o wine_n in_o this_o confusion_n some_o flee_v other_o stand_v to_o their_o arm_n all_o command_v and_o none_o obey_v thus_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v they_o overthrow_v d._n alonso_n retire_v to_o the_o church_n of_o carrion_n which_o he_o have_v garison_v there_o he_o be_v take_v and_o send_v prisoner_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o burgos_n the_o princess_n vrraca_n sister_n to_o both_o king_n who_o love_v d._n alonso_n and_o the_o count_n d._n peranzules_n who_o never_o forsake_v he_o interpose_v king_n sancho_n consent_v that_o his_o brother_n shall_v go_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o sahagun_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n cea_n and_o there_o renounce_v the_o world_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o religious_a habit._n he_o take_v the_o habit_n in_o the_o year_n 1071._o but_o after_o some_o time_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o 1071._o those_o that_o bring_v he_o thither_o flee_v and_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o almenon_n the_o moorish_a moor_n king_n of_o toledo_n who_o have_v be_v a_o great_a friend_n to_o his_o father_n the_o moor_n receive_v he_o with_o joy_n and_o affection_n give_v he_o a_o house_n near_o the_o palace_n to_o live_v in_o and_o assign_v he_o a_o pension_n on_o the_o other_o part_n d._n alonso_n swear_v to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o that_o king_n and_o to_o be_v ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o serve_v he_o he_o be_v of_o a_o graceful_a comely_a person_n modest_a discreet_a liberal_a and_o affable_a soon_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o those_o people_n d._n vrraca_n his_o sister_n solicit_v for_o he_o she_o obtain_v leave_v of_o king_n sancho_n for_o count_n peranzules_n and_o his_o two_o brother_n gonzalo_n and_o ferdinand_n to_o go_v wait_v upon_o d._n alonso_n with_o those_o three_o go_v many_o other_o all_o who_o the_o moorish_a king_n receive_v into_o pay_n that_o they_o may_v not_o want_v subsistance_n and_o may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o neighbour_a moor_n thus_o that_o banish_a prince_n spend_v his_o time_n when_o the_o war_n cease_v he_o give_v himself_o to_o hunt_v and_o for_o the_o great_a conveniency_n build_v a_o countryhouse_n whither_o other_o resort_v and_o building_n it_o become_v a_o note_a place_n now_o call_v brihuega_n a_o town_n not_o obscure_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n his_o ordinary_a residence_n be_v in_o toledo_n where_o he_o often_o converse_v with_o the_o k._n who_o be_v very_o much_o take_v with_o he_o it_o happen_v they_o go_v out_o one_o day_n to_o recreate_v themselves_o to_o a_o garden_n near_o the_o city_n now_o call_v the_o king_n garden_n where_o d._n alonso_n fall_v asleep_a the_o king_n and_o his_o courtier_n who_o lie_v hard_o by_o under_o a_o tree_n begin_v to_o discourse_v of_o the_o great_a strength_n of_o toledo_n one_o among_o the_o rest_n say_v there_o be_v but_o one_o way_n to_o take_v the_o city_n which_o be_v by_o famine_n keep_v it_o block_v up_o seven_o year_n together_o d._n alonso_n who_o be_v not_o quite_o asleep_a or_o else_o waken_v be_v please_v to_o hear_v this_o discourse_n and_o charge_v his_o memory_n with_o it_o another_o day_n he_o be_v with_o the_o king_n his_o hair_n stand_v up_o a_o end_n and_o though_o the_o king_n stroke_v it_o down_o two_o or_o three_o time_n still_o it_o rise_v again_o the_o moor_n who_o be_v very_o superstitious_a say_v that_o be_v a_o omen_n he_o will_v possess_v himself_o of_o that_o kingdom_n if_o they_o do_v not_o prevent_v it_o by_o kill_v he_o but_o who_o can_v prevent_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o almighty_a the_o king_n who_o be_v compassionate_a can_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o break_v the_o law_n of_o hospitality_n but_o be_v satisfy_v with_o d._n alonso_n oath_n that_o he_o will_v ever_o be_v a_o true_a friend_n to_o he_o this_o be_v what_o happen_v at_o toledo_n king_n sancho_n grow_v haughty_a with_o success_n possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n some_o place_n submit_v other_o be_v take_v by_o force_n as_o be_v the_o city_n leon_n after_o hold_v out_o a_o long_a siege_n all_o be_v reduce_v he_o advance_v into_o galicia_n against_o his_o other_o brother_n who_o be_v in_o a_o very_a weak_a condition_n his_o kingdom_n be_v all_o divide_a into_o faction_n and_o full_a of_o mutiny_n by_o reason_n garcia_n of_o the_o heavy_a tax_n he_o lay_v upon_o the_o people_n as_o also_o because_o he_o put_v the_o government_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o kingdom_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o servant_n who_o be_v his_o favourite_n the_o nobility_n offend_v at_o this_o kill_v that_o servant_n in_o his_o presence_n and_o not_o so_o satisfy_v take_v up_o arm_n and_o put_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n into_o a_o uproar_n this_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o galicia_n when_o king_n sancho_n invade_v it_o d._n garcia_n find_v it_o impossible_a his_o subject_n be_v in_o rebellion_n to_o withstand_v his_o brother_n flee_v with_o only_o 300_o man_n to_o the_o moor_n in_o portugal_n and_o there_o endeavour_v to_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o espouse_v his_o quarrel_n and_o so_o to_o revenge_v their_o own_o but_o all_o his_o persuasion_n be_v of_o no_o force_n and_o he_o obtain_v nothing_o be_v disappoint_v in_o that_o part_n yet_o he_o resolve_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n with_o such_o as_o resort_v to_o he_o some_o of_o who_o come_v out_o of_o hatred_n to_o king_n sancho_n other_o in_o hope_n of_o plunder_v and_o be_v of_o both_o sort_n as_o well_o moor_n as_o christian_n thus_o 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felicity_n have_v despoil_v his_o brother_n nothing_o remain_v but_o his_o sister_n who_o also_o he_o design_v to_o deprive_v of_o the_o land_n their_o father_n have_v leave_v they_o the_o city_n zamora_n be_v well_o fortify_v have_v a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o store_n of_o arm_n and_o provision_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v faithful_a and_o resolute_a always_o ready_a to_o oppose_v any_o that_o shall_v assault_v they_o arias_n gonçalo_n a_o ancient_a experience_a and_o discreet_a gentleman_n be_v their_o commander_n and_o by_o his_o advice_n the_o princess_n vrraca_n be_v govern_v the_o king_n see_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o he_o by_o fair_a mean_n sit_v down_o with_o his_o army_n before_o that_o city_n with_o a_o resolution_n not_o to_o desist_v till_o he_o be_v master_n of_o it_o
the_o siege_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o vigour_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o engine_n then_o in_o use_n apply_v against_o the_o work_n so_o that_o the_o citizen_n be_v straighten_v begin_v to_o waver_v and_o think_v of_o a_o surrender_n such_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o town_n when_o a_o treacherous_a fellow_n call_v vellido_n delphos_n whether_o of_o his_o own_o design_n or_o by_o advice_n of_o other_o be_v not_o know_v resolve_v to_o murder_n the_o king_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o siege_n he_o get_v admittance_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o pretence_n of_o discover_v the_o design_n of_o the_o besiege_a and_o show_v he_o the_o zamora_n weak_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n man_n easy_o believe_v what_o they_o desire_v so_o the_o king_n go_v out_o with_o only_a that_o man_n to_o view_v what_o he_o promise_v to_o show_v he_o but_o when_o he_o least_o thought_n of_o it_o velledo_n dolphos_n throw_v a_o spear_n he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n at_o he_o which_o pierce_v through_o his_o body_n no_o soon_o be_v this_o do_v but_o the_o murderer_n flee_v to_o the_o city_n pursue_v by_o several_a of_o the_o king_n soldier_n who_o be_v at_o some_o distance_n can_v not_o overtake_v he_o the_o guards_z let_v he_o in_o at_o the_o gate_n this_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o besieger_n to_o believe_v all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o townsman_n have_v consent_v to_o the_o murder_n the_o troop_n of_o leon_n and_o galicia_n who_o be_v not_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o king_n immediate_o quit_v the_o field_n and_o return_v home_o those_o of_o castille_n be_v the_o ancient_a subject_n divide_v themselves_o part_n go_v to_o carry_v his_o body_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o ona_n where_o it_o be_v bury_v without_o any_o pomp_n the_o great_a number_n stay_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o siege_n and_o revenge_v his_o death_n they_o threaten_v to_o subvert_v the_o city_n and_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n as_o traitor_n particular_o james_n ordonez_n of_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n a_o youth_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o valour_n appear_v before_o the_o city_n arm_v at_o all_o point_n and_o a_o horseback_n and_o stand_v on_o a_o high_a ground_n to_o be_v the_o better_o hear_v rend_v the_o sky_n with_o loud_a cry_n threaten_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n the_o citizen_n between_o fear_n and_o shame_n dare_v not_o open_v their_o mouth_n only_a arias_n gonzalo_n though_o he_o may_v well_o have_v be_v excuse_v by_o his_o great_a age_n offer_v himself_o and_o his_o son_n to_o fight_v that_o gentleman_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o death_n country_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o castille_n that_o whosoever_o charge_v a_o city_n with_o treason_n be_v oblige_v to_o fight_v five_o one_o after_o another_o to_o make_v good_a his_o charge_n the_o three_o son_n of_o arias_n gonzalo_n peter_n james_n and_o roderick_n enter_v the_o list_n one_o after_o another_o and_o be_v all_o three_o kill_v by_o d._n james_n ordonez_n yet_o the_o last_o though_o mortal_o wound_v strike_v at_o his_o enemy_n wound_v his_o horse_n and_o cut_v his_o reins_o so_o that_o the_o horse_n affright_v carry_v d._n james_n out_o of_o the_o list_n which_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n be_v a_o token_n he_o be_v beat_v the_o judge_n can_v not_o determine_v the_o case_n one_o side_n insist_v upon_o the_o custom_n and_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o other_o plead_v this_o be_v mere_a accident_n and_o thus_o end_v that_o much_o celebrate_a dispute_n chap._n vii_o king_n alonso_z returns_z from_o among_o the_o moor_n and_o recover_v his_o brother_n kingdom_n the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o reign_n action_n of_o roderick_n de_fw-fr bivar_n king_n sancho_n of_o navarre_n murder_v by_o his_o own_o brother_n d._n vrraca_n be_v in_o care_n for_o her_o brother_n d._n alonso_n send_v away_o a_o messenger_n to_o he_o to_o toledo_n acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o advise_v he_o crown_n to_o come_v away_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o moorish_a king_n want_v not_o intelligence_n have_v spy_n in_o the_o christian_a army_n at_o length_n the_o messenger_n from_o the_o princess_n arrive_v and_o give_v d._n alonso_n a_o account_n of_o all_o that_o have_v happen_v count_n peranzule_v advise_v he_o to_o get_v away_o private_o without_o acquaint_v the_o moorish_a k._n for_o fear_n he_o shall_v stop_v he_o yet_o d._n alonso_n acquaint_v the_o king_n with_o the_o news_n he_o have_v receive_v and_o desire_v his_o leave_n to_o go_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o be_v fall_v to_o he_o the_o moor_n be_v please_v with_o this_o sincere_a deal_n assure_v he_o the_o way_n be_v lay_v in_o case_n he_o have_v attempt_v to_o steal_v away_o cause_v he_o to_o renew_v his_o oath_n to_o be_v a_o friend_n to_o he_o and_o his_o son_n hissem_n and_o that_o do_v not_o only_o lend_v he_o money_n for_o present_a use_n but_o accompany_v he_o a_o considerable_a space_n this_o i_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v more_o likely_a than_o what_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n write_v that_o he_o be_v let_v down_o over_o the_o wall_n and_o make_v his_o escape_n have_v horse_n provide_v for_o that_o purpose_n be_v come_v to_o zamora_n he_o consult_v with_o the_o princess_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v and_o dispatch_v express_v to_o all_o part_n to_o give_v notice_n of_o his_o be_v there_o the_o people_n of_o leon_n without_o any_o difficulty_n admit_v and_o proclaim_v he_o king_n galicia_n be_v dubious_a d_o garcia_n upon_o this_o revolution_n have_v break_v prison_n and_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v his_o crown_n d._n alonso_n send_v person_n of_o note_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o and_o he_o be_v fair_a condition_v and_o easy_a be_v easy_o prevail_v upon_o so_o that_o without_o any_o further_a security_n ask_v he_o come_v away_o to_o his_o brother_n not_o doubt_v to_o obtain_v what_o he_o desire_v but_o he_o be_v deceive_v be_v present_o seize_v and_o send_v back_o to_o prison_n where_o he_o continue_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o life_n with_o good_a usage_n if_o any_o can_v be_v think_v such_o where_o a_o crown_n and_o liberty_n garcia_n be_v lose_v at_o once_o thus_o galicia_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n be_v assemble_v at_o burgos_n agree_v to_o admit_v d._n alonso_n for_o their_o king_n if_o he_o will_v first_o swear_v he_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o brother_n d._n alonso_n hear_v of_o it_o go_v thither_o and_o every_o body_n fear_v to_o tender_v he_o this_o oath_n roderick_n diaz_n call_v cid_n undertake_v it_o the_o oath_n be_v solemn_o take_v he_o be_v proclaim_v with_o great_a joy_n for_o the_o present_a he_o connive_v at_o castille_n this_o affront_n but_o reserve_v a_o grudge_n in_o his_o heart_n against_o roderick_n diaz_n d._n alonso_n be_v 37_o year_n of_o age_n when_o he_o return_v to_o his_o crown_n and_o for_o his_o military_a exploit_n be_v call_v the_o brave_a beside_o he_o be_v prudent_a temperate_a modest_a and_o bountiful_a the_o death_n of_o d._n sancho_n and_o restauration_n of_o d._n alonso_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1073._o at_o this_o time_n gregory_n vii_o be_v pope_n and_o the_o same_o year_n die_v in_o spain_n s._n dominick_n de_fw-fr silos_n a_o monk_n of_o cluni_n famous_a for_o sanctity_n 1073._o of_o life_n the_o beginning_n of_o d._n alonso_n reign_n be_v not_o free_a from_o some_o trouble_n which_o be_v soon_o appease_v and_o end_v well_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v 1074._o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n 1074._o and_o toledo_n be_v at_o war_n about_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o kingdom_n d._n alonso_n as_o be_v so_o much_o toledo_n oblige_v to_o he_o of_o toledo_n gather_v a_o good_a army_n to_o assist_v he_o king_n almenon_n at_o first_o fear_v this_o preparation_n be_v against_o he_o but_o be_v better_o inform_v both_o king_n join_v their_o force_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n enter_v the_o territory_n of_o cordova_n where_o they_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n and_o bring_v away_o great_a number_n of_o cattle_n and_o prisoner_n no_o battle_n be_v fight_v because_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n shun_v it_o about_o this_o time_n die_v the_o first_o wife_n of_o d._n alonso_n her_o name_n be_v agnes_n he_o marry_v a_o french_a lady_n call_v constantia_n by_o who_o he_o have_v one_o only_a daughter_n who_o name_n be_v vrraca_n and_o who_o afterward_o inherit_v all_o her_o father_n dominion_n as_o shall_v be_v see_v in_o its_o place_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o this_o queen_n as_o i_o suppose_v a_o embassy_n be_v send_v to_o rome_n to_o desire_v the_o pope_n to_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o spain_n with_o full_a power_n to_o reform_v the_o clergy_n grow_v very_o
brother_n hiaya_n aldirbil_n much_o unlike_a to_o his_o father_n and_o brother_n he_o be_v a_o coward_n and_o unfit_a for_o government_n lewd_a in_o his_o life_n and_o spare_v not_o the_o wife_n and_o daughter_n of_o his_o subject_n whereby_o he_o become_v odious_a as_o well_o to_o the_o moor_n as_o christian_a inhabitant_n of_o toledo_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o hissem_n d._n alonso_n be_v discharge_v moor_n of_o the_o oath_n he_o have_v take_v at_o toledo_n to_o be_v friend_n to_o the_o father_n and_o son_n both_o moor_n and_o christian_n weary_a of_o the_o tyranny_n of_o that_o new_a prince_n solicit_v king_n alonso_n to_o free_v they_o from_o that_o slavery_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n these_o be_v the_o first_o inducement_n to_o undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o that_o most_o noble_a city_n the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o that_o kingdom_n d._n ramon_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n die_v in_o that_o city_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o cathedral_n thereof_o which_o he_o 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husband_n she_o spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o her_o life_n in_o much_o sanctity_n both_o monastery_n be_v give_v to_o the_o nun_n of_o s._n benedict_n d._n ramon_n arnaldo_n or_o berenguel_v who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o that_o earldom_n be_v son_n to_o this_o lady_n about_o the_o same_o time_n armengaud_n earl_n of_o vrgel_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n in_o those_o part_n and_o william_n jordan_n earl_n of_o cerdagne_n prosecute_v the_o arian_n heretic_n who_o now_o begin_v again_o to_o appear_v in_o those_o part_n after_o have_v be_v so_o long_o suppress_v he_o banish_v they_o confiscate_v their_o good_n make_v they_o infamous_a and_o put_v the_o obstinate_a to_o death_n through_o the_o valour_n of_o armengaud_n many_o town_n along_o the_o river_n segre_n be_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n and_o particular_o the_o city_n balaguer_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o vrgel_n since_o we_o have_v above_o mention_v the_o norman_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o add_v a_o few_o line_n in_o relation_n to_o they_o their_o conquest_n in_o italy_n be_v part_n we_o shall_v have_v much_o occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o in_o this_o italy_n history_n it_o have_v be_v already_o say_v how_o they_o be_v a_o northern_a people_n possess_v themselves_o of_o that_o part_n of_o france_n before_o call_v neustria_n and_o from_o they_o normandy_n this_o they_o do_v under_o rollo_n their_o chief_n and_o general_n the_o seven_o duke_n from_o he_o be_v william_n call_v the_o conqueror_n for_o that_o have_v defeat_v and_o slay_v harold_n he_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o england_n another_o army_n of_o norman_n go_v through_o france_n into_o italy_n which_o be_v then_o divide_v into_o several_a small_a principality_n and_o much_o waste_v with_o intestine_a war_n here_o they_o first_o serve_v in_o the_o war_n of_o lombardy_n and_o tuscany_n then_o pass_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n where_o they_o receive_v pay_v of_o the_o prince_n of_o capua_n and_o soon_o after_o for_o better_a pay_n go_v over_o to_o he_o of_o salerno_n who_o with_o their_o assistance_n obtain_v the_o victory_n over_o his_o enemy_n this_o war_n be_v end_v through_o the_o persuasion_n of_o maniacus_n governor_n of_o apulia_n and_o calabria_n for_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n they_o undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o sicily_n then_o possess_v by_o the_o moor_n their_o success_n be_v such_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o drive_v the_o infidel_n out_o of_o the_o island_n then_o fall_v at_o variance_n with_o the_o greek_n expel_v they_o also_o thus_o they_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o mighty_a monarchy_n in_o italy_n and_o sicily_n for_o at_o the_o fame_n of_o their_o success_n many_o more_o resort_v to_o they_o out_o of_o normandy_n all_o that_o be_v take_v be_v divide_v among_o the_o conqueror_n but_o the_o other_o soon_o die_v all_o be_v devolve_v upon_o robert_n guiscard_v and_o roger._n robert_n call_v himself_o duke_n of_o apulia_n and_o calabria_n roger_n be_v earl_n of_o sicily_n robert_n by_o two_o wife_n have_v these_o child_n boamundus_n roger_n and_o one_o daughter_n who_o if_o what_o the_o catalonian_o say_v be_v true_a be_v marry_v to_o d._n ramon_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n as_o have_v be_v above_o relate_v roger_n have_v a_o son_n also_o call_v roger_n whâ—â—_n hang_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n for_o that_o of_o king_n and_o at_o last_o become_v sole_a lord_n of_o all_o that_o the_o norman_n hold_v both_o in_o king_n italy_n and_o sicily_n beside_o italy_n and_o greece_n be_v tributary_n to_o he_o this_o be_v take_v out_o of_o gaufridus_n the_o monk_n who_o write_v the_o action_n of_o the_o norman_n in_o italy_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n roger._n but_o let_v we_o leave_v italy_n and_o return_v to_o spain_n the_o citizen_n of_o toledo_n cease_v not_o to_o solicit_v the_o christian_n to_o undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o that_o city_n exaggerate_v the_o calamity_n they_o endure_v beg_v relief_n and_o protest_v if_o they_o be_v not_o speedy_o deliver_v from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o king_n they_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o other_o moor_n for_o assistance_n king_n alonso_z be_v perplex_v and_o know_v not_o what_o to_o do_v fear_v upon_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n what_o may_v be_v say_v of_o he_o and_o consider_v on_o the_o other_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o gain_v that_o city_n therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o put_v it_o to_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o chief_a nobility_n and_o person_n of_o most_o understanding_n opinion_n as_o be_v usual_a in_o such_o case_n be_v various_a the_o most_o bold_a and_o dare_a be_v for_o undertake_v that_o war_n show_v the_o great_a advantage_n that_o will_v accrue_v to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o christianity_n in_o general_n other_o more_o wary_a say_v there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n to_o attempt_v such_o a_o conquest_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o conscience_n and_o honour_n to_o break_v the_o peace_n establish_v with_o those_o king_n where_o the_o king_n have_v receive_v such_o obligation_n the_o king_n have_v hear_v all_o their_o opinion_n at_o length_n yield_v to_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v of_o conquer_a that_o noble_a city_n and_o have_v positive_o declare_v his_o intention_n to_o be_v such_o the_o whole_a council_n easy_o agree_v to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v unanimous_o decree_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n this_o be_v resolve_v the_o king_n apply_v himself_o to_o gather_v store_n of_o arm_n provision_n horse_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n he_o make_v new_a levy_n and_o offer_v reward_n to_o such_o of_o the_o old_a soldier_n who_o be_v disperse_v about_o the_o kingdom_n as_o will_v serve_v all_o thing_n be_v furnish_v with_o the_o more_o speed_n because_o news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o moor_n have_v call_v the_o king_n of_o badajoz_n to_o their_o assistance_n he_o be_v prepare_v to_o relieve_v they_o such_o be_v their_o expedition_n that_o both_o army_n arrive_v together_o in_o sight_n of_o toledo_n but_o the_o moor_n perceive_v king_n alonso_n have_v a_o gallant_a army_n return_v without_o attempt_v any_o thing_n yet_o the_o city_n can_v not_o be_v take_v at_o that_o time_n for_o that_o the_o king_n of_o it_o be_v well_o provide_v against_o a_o siege_n and_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n deter_v all_o men._n the_o christian_n waste_v the_o country_n burn_v the_o corn_n drive_v the_o cattle_n and_o many_o prisoner_n and_o then_o return_v home_o this_o destruction_n be_v waste_v begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1079._o and_o continue_v the_o next_o and_o several_a year_n after_n canales_n and_o olmos_n two_o town_n near_o that_o city_n be_v take_v well_o garrison_v and_o thence_o all_o the_o country_n continual_o 1079._o infest_a thus_o by_o degree_n the_o city_n begin_v to_o be_v straighten_a and_o suffer_v much_o want_n toledo_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n furnish_v with_o provision_n bring_v from_o
all_o necessary_a preparation_n gather_v arm_n horse_n provision_n and_o money_n not_o only_o the_o laity_n but_o the_o clergy_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v up_o arm_n old_a and_o now_o soldier_n raise_v and_o supply_v solicit_v from_o abroad_o many_o stranger_n move_v by_o the_o great_a danger_n spain_n be_v in_o and_o desire_v moor_n to_o serve_v in_o that_o war_n come_v over_o especial_o out_o of_o france_n among_o these_o raymund_n earl_n of_o burgundy_n and_o his_o kinsman_n henry_n who_o be_v bear_v at_o besançon_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o lorraine_n and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n beside_o these_o there_o come_v raymund_n earl_n of_o toulouse_n with_o they_o come_v a_o good_a number_n of_o brave_a and_o experience_a french_a soldier_n d._n sancho_n king_n of_o arragon_n be_v not_o want_v he_o though_o very_o ancient_a yet_o have_v the_o vivacity_n and_o courage_n of_o youth_n and_o be_v a_o excellent_a commander_n have_v gain_v experience_n in_o the_o continual_a war_n he_o have_v with_o the_o moor_n all_o these_o force_n make_v up_o so_o great_a a_o army_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o invade_v the_o enemy_n country_n they_o enter_v andaluzia_n plunder_v and_o waste_v all_o wherever_o they_o come_v it_o be_v no_o time_n for_o the_o moor_n to_o be_v idle_a both_o army_n come_v in_o sight_n of_o one_o another_o near_o a_o town_n call_v alagueto_n but_o joseph_n find_v himself_o inferior_a to_o the_o christian_n shun_v sight_v his_o retreat_n be_v more_o like_a to_o a_o disorderly_a flight_n for_o he_o lose_v great_a part_n of_o the_o baggage_n king_n alonso_z think_v it_o better_a to_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o honour_n gain_v than_o to_o tempt_v fortune_n beside_o that_o his_o army_n be_v compose_v of_o so_o many_o different_a nation_n can_v not_o long_o hold_v together_o thus_o he_o return_v home_o his_o army_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o please_v with_o their_o success_n after_o this_o for_o some_o time_n the_o almoravide_n attempt_v nothing_o far_o for_o joseph_n be_v force_v to_o repair_v to_o africa_n to_o settle_v his_o new_a acquire_v kingdom_n mean_a while_n king_n alonso_z sleep_v not_o expect_v the_o war_n will_v soon_o break_v out_o again_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o with_o fresh_a ally_n abroad_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o give_v three_o of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o those_o three_o lord_n stranger_n that_o come_v to_o his_o assistance_n out_o of_o france_n raymund_n earl_n of_o toulouse_n marry_v d._n elvira_n henry_n of_o lorraine_n d._n teresa_n both_o illegitimate_a raymund_n of_o burgundy_n have_v d._n vrraca_n get_v in_o wedlock_n this_o prince_n be_v say_v to_o have_v rebuilt_a salamanca_n by_o the_o king_n order_n moreover_o sancha_n the_o king_n daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o earl_n roderick_n from_o he_o some_o will_v have_v the_o noble_a family_n of_o giron_n to_o be_v descend_v to_o henry_n be_v give_v in_o 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the_o city_n of_o lisbon_n be_v take_v by_o king_n alonso_n in_o the_o year_n 1093._o but_o this_o be_v doubtful_a for_o it_o be_v often_o take_v from_o the_o moor_n and_o lose_v again_o till_o 1093._o some_o time_n after_o this_o it_o be_v gain_v by_o the_o christian_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o remain_v in_o their_o hand_n much_o about_o this_o time_n begin_v the_o holy-war_n in_o the_o east_n carry_v on_o by_o most_o of_o the_o christian_a prince_n for_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy-land_n peter_n a_o hermit_n who_o travel_v into_o palestine_n be_v the_o first_o promoter_n of_o it_o for_o he_o make_v his_o observation_n there_o discourse_v east_n simon_n bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n about_o it_o and_o have_v receive_v letter_n from_o he_o move_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o the_o pope_n vrban_n who_o then_o sit_v in_o s._n peter's-chair_n order_v a_o council_n of_o bishop_n to_o meet_v at_o clermont_n in_o france_n to_o promote_v the_o carry_v on_o of_o this_o war_n and_o the_o mean_a while_n by_o his_o legate_n stir_v up_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o christendom_n to_o share_v in_o so_o glorious_a a_o undertake_n his_o endeavour_n prove_v so_o successful_a that_o all_o country_n sound_v of_o nothing_o but_o warlike_a preparation_n most_o prince_n aim_v to_o signalise_v themselves_o by_o show_v their_o zeal_n in_o so_o pious_a a_o war_n and_o thousand_o of_o private_a person_n voluntary_o enrol_v themselves_o to_o serve_v upon_o their_o own_o cost_n but_o we_o must_v not_o stray_v too_o far_o into_o affair_n so_o foreign_a let_v we_o return_v to_o what_o happen_v in_o spain_n chap._n ii_o the_o great_a action_n of_o d._n sancho_n ramirez_n king_n of_o arragon_n he_o be_v kill_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o huesca_n his_o son_n continue_v the_o siege_n rout_n a_o great_a army_n of_o moor_n and_o christian_n that_o come_v to_o raise_v it_o and_o take_v the_o place_n in_o the_o year_n 1094._o be_v bear_v d._n alonso_n son_n to_z henry_n of_o lorraine_n and_o his_o wife_n teresa_n who_o by_o his_o valour_n make_v the_o name_n of_o portugal_n famous_a extend_v his_o dominion_n and_o be_v 1094._o arragon_n the_o first_o of_o those_o prince_n that_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o king_n which_o he_o maintain_v in_o opposition_n to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n the_o same_o year_n be_v unhappy_a for_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o d._n sancho_n i._o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o merit_v the_o esteem_n of_o his_o subject_n not_o only_o for_o have_v govern_v and_o maintain_v his_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o his_o ancestor_n but_o for_o enlarge_n and_o extend_v its_o limit_n he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o come_v down_o from_o the_o high_a mountain_n where_o his_o predecessor_n maintain_v themselves_o by_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o those_o place_n into_o the_o plain_n where_o he_o take_v many_o city_n and_o to_n he_o have_v continual_a war_n with_o the_o moorish_a king_n of_o balaguer_n lerida_n monçon_n barbastro_n and_o fraga_n and_o oblige_v 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to_o piety_n obtain_v a_o grant_n of_o pope_n alexander_n ii_o by_o which_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pena_n and_o other_o in_o his_o kingdom_n be_v exempt_v from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n this_o be_v do_v under_o colour_n that_o the_o bishop_n through_o covetousness_n take_v to_o themselves_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o monastery_n certain_a it_o be_v in_o those_o time_n the_o monk_n aspire_v after_o too_o much_o liberty_n which_o make_v their_o abbot_n obtain_v the_o privilege_n of_o use_v the_o mitre_n and_o crosier_n to_o betoken_v episcopal_a power_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o cast_v off_o the_o subjection_n due_a to_o their_o ordinary_n the_o principal_a vice_n the_o bishop_n king_n himself_o be_v tax_v with_o be_v avarice_n for_o he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n and_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n this_o seem_v excusable_a on_o account_n of_o the_o general_a poverty_n and_o extraordinary_a charge_n of_o 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sol_n to_o d._n peter_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n of_o the_o same_o name_n both_o which_o send_v to_o demand_v they_o in_o marriage_n d._n ramiro_n have_v by_o d._n elvira_n garci_n ramirez_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o navarre_n d._n peter_n die_v before_o his_o father_n and_o leave_v no_o issue_n two_o several_a time_n king_n bucar_n who_o come_v out_o of_o africa_n be_v overthrow_v in_o sight_n of_o valencia_n by_o roderick_n diaz_n and_o his_o force_n who_o keep_v that_o city_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v which_o be_v five_o year_n after_o the_o take_n of_o it_o he_o be_v near_o his_o death_n when_o the_o same_o bucar_n come_v again_o before_o the_o city_n and_o perceive_v it_o can_v not_o be_v maintain_v after_o his_o death_n order_v in_o his_o will_n that_o they_o shall_v all_o in_o a_o body_n quit_v the_o place_n and_o return_v to_o castille_n the_o moor_n believe_v it_o be_v a_o powerful_a army_n that_o design_v to_o give_v they_o battle_n draw_v off_o 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the_o heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o crown_n but_o death_n snatch_v he_o away_o and_o with_o he_o the_o great_a hope_n moor_n have_v be_v conceive_v of_o his_o virtue_n hali_n successor_n to_o joseph_n desire_v to_o commence_v his_o reign_n with_o some_o memorable_a action_n pass_v over_o into_o spain_n with_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o have_v increase_v it_o there_o enter_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n till_o he_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o city_n king_n alonso_z by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a age_n and_o sickness_n can_v not_o go_v out_o in_o person_n to_o oppose_v he_o he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o his_o army_n to_o the_o earl_n d._n garcia_n and_o for_o the_o great_a honour_n send_v his_o son_n d._n sancho_n though_o very_o young_a with_o he_o near_a veles_n the_o two_o army_n meet_v and_o engage_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fight_n the_o prince_n be_v strike_v down_o d._n garcia_n cover_v he_o with_o his_o shield_n and_o with_o his_o 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which_o prove_v his_o ruin_n for_o the_o people_n general_o exclaim_v against_o he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o his_o fortune_n change_v after_o ransack_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n the_o arragonian_n march_v to_o besiege_v the_o city_n astorga_n have_v receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o queen_n resolve_v to_o make_v her_o last_o effort_n on_o that_o side_n martin_n muno_n come_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n with_o 300_o horse_n fall_v into_o a_o ambush_n where_o most_o of_o his_o man_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n he_o be_v himself_o take_v king_n alonso_z find_v himself_o weaken_v by_o this_o loss_n the_o many_o man_n that_o have_v die_v and_o the_o garrison_n he_o have_v place_v retire_v to_o carrion_n confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o that_o place_n there_o he_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o enemy_n for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o abbot_n clusensis_n send_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o compose_v those_o difference_n come_v and_o obtain_v of_o 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fernan_n hurtado_n which_o signify_v steal_v because_o he_o be_v a_o bastard_n and_o that_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o that_o name_n in_o spain_n descend_v from_o he_o they_o also_o say_v that_o peter_n earl_n of_o lara_n have_v to_o do_v with_o she_o chap._n vi_o the_o war_n of_o majorca_n and_o zaragoca_n the_o schism_n of_o burdinus_n peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n the_o original_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n whilst_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n happen_v in_o castille_n the_o moor_n of_o majorca_n and_o zaragoça_n be_v beset_v by_o the_o power_n of_o several_a nation_n conspire_v against_o they_o gilbert_n zaragoca_n earl_n of_o provence_n and_o aimillan_n in_o france_n die_v his_o dominion_n fall_v to_o his_o only_a daughter_n call_v dulcis_fw-la raymund_n berengarius_fw-la earl_n of_o barcelona_n husband_n to_o the_o say_v dulcis_fw-la a_o prince_n powerful_a as_o well_o in_o his_o own_o dominion_n as_o the_o 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take_v up_o all_o the_o provision_n in_o the_o country_n keep_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n the_o resolution_n of_o the_o christian_n overcome_v all_o difficulty_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o majorca_n be_v take_v by_o assault_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1115._o here_o die_v raimund_n bishop_n of_o baroelona_n to_o who_o succeed_v oldegarius_n who_o soon_o after_o 1115._o be_v translate_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o tarragona_n after_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n the_o rest_n seem_v easy_a when_o on_o a_o sudden_a news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o moor_n land_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o barcelona_n have_v strike_v a_o general_a terror_n into_o all_o the_o country_n and_o besiege_v the_o city_n the_o earl_n be_v force_v to_o go_v over_o to_o the_o continent_n leave_v the_o genoeses_n charge_v to_o secure_v the_o island_n at_o his_o first_o approach_n the_o infidel_n raise_v the_o siege_n he_o pursue_v and_o overthrow_v they_o near_o mortorel_n this_o action_n be_v tumultuary_a and_o disorderly_a the_o battle_n not_o be_v form_v two_o accident_n concur_v to_o lessen_v the_o joy_n of_o this_o victory_n one_o be_v that_o the_o genoeses_n bribe_v by_o the_o moor_n go_v away_o and_o quit_v the_o island_n as_o the_o writer_n of_o catalonia_n affirm_v for_o in_o the_o history_n of_o genoa_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o expedition_n the_o other_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o city_n carcassone_n in_o france_n atho_n as_o be_v say_v before_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n and_o rule_v tyrannical_o be_v expel_v by_o the_o citizen_n who_o return_v to_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n the_o barcelona_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o william_n earl_n of_o poitiers_n atho_n recover_v the_o city_n roger_n atho's_n elder_a son_n cause_v all_o the_o townsman_n to_o deliver_v their_o arm_n and_o that_o do_v order_v they_o to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n many_o that_o escape_v flee_v to_o barcelona_n at_o their_o instance_n the_o earl_n raimund_n arnaud_n berengarius_fw-la enter_v france_n with_o a_o army_n some_o religious_a person_n interpose_v the_o matter_n be_v adjust_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o atho_n shall_v possess_v the_o city_n but_o to_o hold_v it_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n whereas_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o hold_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o poitiers_n this_o william_n of_o poitiers_n be_v a_o man_n that_o only_o study_v to_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n though_o never_o so_o wrongful_o so_o when_o raimund_n earl_n of_o toulouze_n be_v go_v to_o the_o holy-land_n he_o seize_v upon_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o prince_n bertran_n the_o son_n of_o raymund_n return_v from_o the_o holy-land_n where_o his_o father_n be_v kill_v and_o he_o have_v get_v the_o lordship_n of_o tripoli_n find_v no_o hope_n of_o do_v any_o good_a upon_o the_o earl_n of_o poitiers_n he_o begin_v to_o treat_v with_o the_o neighbour_a poitiers_n prince_n about_o recover_v his_o patrimony_n but_o to_o no_o effect_n and_o therefore_o have_v recourse_n to_o d._n alonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n who_o receive_v he_o with_o mark_n of_o affection_n at_o barbastro_n here_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n shall_v do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n for_o his_o dominion_n in_o france_n in_o case_n he_o be_v restore_v to_o they_o by_o his_o mean_n this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1116._o but_o it_o come_v to_o nothing_o for_o the_o earl_n be_v not_o restore_v he_o of_o poitiers_n be_v very_o powerful_a and_o the_o force_n of_o arragon_n at_o that_o time_n divide_v against_o castille_n and_o the_o 1116._o moor_n yet_o some_o year_n after_o d._n alonso_n jordan_n brother_n to_o bertrand_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o toulouze_n where_o he_o have_v be_v keep_v prisoner_n and_o the_o
condition_n that_o all_o the_o country_n betwixt_o villorado_n and_o calahorra_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n that_o king_n plead_v a_o right_a to_o it_o as_o a_o dependence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n that_o in_o biscay_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n shall_v possess_v guipuscoa_n and_o alava_n province_n not_o long_o before_o take_v by_o king_n alonso_n vi_o from_o the_o crown_n of_o navarre_n that_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n shall_v withdraw_v his_o garrison_n from_o all_o other_o city_n and_o castle_n belong_v to_o castille_n and_o particular_o from_o toledo_n i_o know_v not_o which_o of_o these_o prince_n deserve_v the_o great_a commendation_n both_o of_o they_o give_v a_o great_a example_n of_o moderation_n he_o of_o arragon_n in_o part_v with_o what_o he_o have_v in_o possession_n and_o he_o of_o castille_n in_o quit_v his_o title_n to_o part_n that_o he_o may_v obtain_v the_o so_o much_o desire_v peace_n after_o this_o agreement_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1122_o some_o author_n say_v late_a these_o two_o king_n 1122._o continue_v in_o real_a amity_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v brother_n or_o father_n and_o son_n all_o thing_n arragonian_n be_v thus_o settle_v between_o the_o christian_n they_o bend_v their_o force_n against_o the_o moor_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n break_v in_o upon_o that_o side_n which_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o river_n cinga_n and_o segre_n where_o the_o town_n of_o alcolea_n which_o have_v be_v take_v by_o the_o moor_n be_v recover_v thence_o he_o advance_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n xucar_n enter_v the_o territory_n of_o murcia_n where_o he_o attempt_v the_o city_n alcaraz_n but_o be_v repulse_v rise_v thence_o he_o turn_v into_o andaluzia_n where_o all_o place_n submit_v to_o pay_v tribute_n provide_v the_o country_n may_v not_o be_v waste_v near_o a_o town_n call_v arenzon_n he_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n with_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n and_o ten_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o overthrow_v they_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1123._o the_o follow_a year_n he_o take_v medina_n celi_n a_o town_n seat_v on_o a_o hill_n betwixt_o the_o confine_n of_o 1123._o the_o celtiberi_n and_o carpetani_n in_o this_o manner_n succeed_v the_o affair_n of_o arragon_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n enter_v the_o province_n of_o estremadura_n there_o he_o recover_v the_o city_n castillian_n coria_n which_o have_v be_v lose_v after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n alonso_n grandfather_n of_o he_o then_o reign_v thence_o the_o army_n overran_a all_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n guadiana_n and_o tagus_n carry_v away_o great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n and_o then_o they_o return_v home_o load_v with_o booty_n these_o beginning_n gain_v the_o king_n much_o reputation_n and_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o virtue_n he_o bear_v great_a affection_n to_o s._n bernard_n than_o abbot_n of_o claravalle_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o erect_v many_o monastery_n of_o cistercian_n most_o of_o which_o still_o flourish_n in_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n and_o enjoy_v great_a revenue_n at_o first_o these_o religious_a man_n profess_v the_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n be_v satisfy_v with_o little_a soon_o after_o many_o bountiful_o heap_v charity_n upon_o they_o they_o grow_v rich._n beside_o these_o foundation_n the_o king_n very_o liberal_o increase_v the_o revenue_n of_o several_a church_n and_o monastery_n he_o obtain_v of_o his_o uncle_n the_o pope_n the_o erect_n of_o the_o city_n zamora_n into_o a_o bishopric_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o at_o the_o king_n instance_n the_o church_n of_o s._n james_n the_o apostle_n be_v make_v a_o archiepiscopal_n see_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o city_n archbishopric_n 1124._o of_o merida_n then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n be_v translate_v thither_o twelve_o bishopric_n be_v assign_v to_o the_o province_n of_o this_o new_a metropolitan_a which_o be_v salamanca_n avila_n zamora_n cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n coria_n badajoz_n lugo_n astorga_n orense_n mondonedo_n tuy_n and_o placencia_n some_o time_n after_o this_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1124._o that_o same_o year_n die_v pope_n calixtus_n and_o honorious_a ii_o succeed_v he_o the_o follow_a year_n alonso_n earl_n of_o toulouze_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n make_v war_n upon_o each_o other_o in_o france_n the_o former_a pretend_v a_o title_n to_o the_o earldom_n of_o provence_n possess_v by_o the_o latter_a in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n after_o much_o strife_n it_o be_v agree_v between_o they_o that_o argence_n and_o belicadre_n two_o town_n about_o which_o the_o chief_a dispute_n lay_v with_o that_o part_n of_o provenee_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n durence_n and_o liserre_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o toulouse_n all_o the_o other_o part_n and_o avignon_n a_o city_n on_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n moreover_o they_o reciprocal_o adopt_a one_o another_o that_o if_o either_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o other_o may_v be_v his_o heir_n a_o new_a kingdom_n begin_v at_o this_o time_n to_o be_v erect_v in_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n â—ow_o call_v portugal_n small_a in_o extent_n as_o to_o time_n the_o last_o that_o take_v that_o title_n in_o spain_n yet_o in_o great_a exploit_n describe_v fortunate_a and_o renown_v for_o valour_n since_o they_o not_o only_o drive_v the_o moor_n out_o of_o all_o that_o country_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n with_o extraordinary_a bravery_n discover_v way_n to_o the_o unknown_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o conquer_v many_o kingdom_n and_o province_n in_o asia_n and_o africa_n this_o province_n of_o portugal_n lie_v along_o the_o western_a ocean_n from_o north_n to_o south_n between_o the_o river_n guadiana_n and_o mino_n above_o 100_o league_n in_o length_n the_o breadth_n where_o most_o be_v about_o 30_o league_n the_o least_o 20._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_o tagus_n or_o cistagana_n and_o transtagana_n and_o that_o between_o the_o river_n duero_n and_o mino_n or_o interamnensis_n which_o be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o where_o stand_v the_o city_n braga_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o tagus_n be_v lisbon_n and_o on_o the_o other_o ebora_n all_o three_o archiepiscopal_n see_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o country_n be_v dry_a and_o barren_a the_o people_n ambitious_a of_o honour_n and_o brave_a a_o small_a part_n of_o this_o province_n which_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n be_v give_v to_o henry_n of_o lorraine_n in_o dower_n with_o his_o wife_n teresa_n bastard_n daughter_n to_o alonso_n vi_o by_o she_o he_o have_v d._n alonso_n d._n elvira_n and_o d._n sancha_n henry_n after_o he_o have_v these_o child_n go_v to_o the_o holy-land_n to_o assist_v baldwin_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n but_o return_v without_o do_v any_o thing_n of_o note_n at_o his_o return_n he_o treat_v with_o bernard_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o primate_n of_o all_o spain_n about_o restore_v the_o city_n of_o braga_n viseo_n coimbra_n lamego_n and_o porto_n to_o their_o ancient_a authority_n and_o place_v bishop_n in_o they_o henry_n die_v at_o astorga_n a_o city_n of_o galicia_n whither_o he_o govern_v go_v to_o compose_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n his_o body_n be_v bury_v at_o braga_n in_o a_o small_a chapel_n for_o the_o grandeur_n or_o rather_o madness_n of_o erect_v costly_a tomb_n now_o in_o use_n be_v not_o then_o bring_v up_o after_o his_o death_n d._n teresa_n his_o wife_n have_v no_o more_o regard_n to_o her_o reputation_n than_o her_o sister_n d._n vrraca_n she_o marry_v fernan_n paez_n earl_n of_o trastamard_n a_o match_n much_o below_o she_o if_o not_o altogether_o unlawful_a as_o be_v clandestine_v she_o be_v say_v beside_o to_o have_v have_v too_o much_o familiarity_n with_o d._n bermudo_n brother_n to_o the_o earl_n and_o that_o nevertheless_o she_o marry_v he_o to_o her_o daughter_n d._n elvira_n her_o other_o daughter_n d._n sancha_n be_v wife_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr meneses_n perhaps_o some_o of_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v malicious_o impute_v to_o this_o princess_n yet_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o ferdinand_n paez_n be_v very_o intimate_v with_o the_o countess_n and_o govern_v all_o thing_n absolute_o according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n he_o make_v war_n and_o rule_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n without_o take_v any_o notice_n of_o his_o son-in-law_n in_o his_o tender_a year_n d._n alonso_n be_v force_v to_o bear_v with_o this_o affront_n and_o wink_v at_o the_o disgrace_n of_o his_o family_n but_o afterward_o many_o in_o hatred_n of_o his_o mother_n vicious_a life_n adhere_v to_o he_o he_o resolve_v to_o take_v up_o arms._n his_o father-in-law_n be_v not_o backward_o both_o levy_v force_n and_o
estella_n in_o navarre_n signalise_v himself_o at_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n he_o be_v father_n to_o peter_n de_fw-fr açagra_n the_o first_o lord_n of_o albarazin_n of_o that_o family_n s._n isidorus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v appear_v to_o king_n alonso_n before_o the_o fight_n and_o assure_v he_o of_o success_n almeria_n ancient_o call_v abadera_n a_o city_n seat_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a between_o the_o border_n of_o andaluzia_n and_o murcia_n be_v then_o a_o place_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o a_o receptable_a of_o pirate_n thither_o the_o christian_a army_n march_v and_o encamp_v before_o it_o at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o take_v fleet_n of_o barcelona_n and_o genoa_n according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v agree_v have_v coast_v along_o lay_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o port._n the_o city_n be_v attack_v by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o have_v make_v a_o breach_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o certain_a tower_n it_o be_v at_o last_o take_v by_o storm_n on_o the_o 17_o of_o october_n in_o the_o year_n 1147._o 20000_o moor_n who_o have_v retire_v into_o the_o castle_n be_v force_v to_o 1147._o buy_v their_o life_n for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n thus_o be_v that_o nest_n of_o pirate_n that_o infest_a the_o coast_n of_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n take_v away_o the_o plunder_v be_v give_v to_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o genoeses_n be_v give_v a_o dish_n make_v of_o a_o emraud_n which_o they_o value_v above_o all_o the_o booty_n and_o preserve_v to_o this_o day_n in_o their_o treasury_n other_o say_v that_o jewel_n be_v find_v at_o the_o take_n of_o caesarea_n in_o syria_n winter_n draw_v on_o the_o army_n return_v home_o load_v with_o riches_n raymund_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n not_o to_o let_v slip_v this_o opportunity_n of_o the_o genoese_a fleet_n agree_v with_o they_o to_o assist_v he_o in_o the_o expelling_a the_o moor_n from_o part_n of_o arragon_n and_o the_o island_n of_o majorea_n and_o minorca_n in_o return_n they_o be_v to_o have_v the_o three_o part_n of_o all_o that_o be_v take_v in_o that_o war._n in_o all_o town_n recover_v from_o the_o moor_n they_o shall_v have_v a_o church_n and_o a_o tribunal_n of_o of_o their_o own_o and_o that_o all_o their_o merchant_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o custom_n and_o tax_n these_o condition_n be_v accept_v of_o they_o stand_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o catalonia_n and_o with_o their_o unite_a fraga_n force_n take_v the_o city_n tortosa_n seat_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o ebro_n and_o therefore_o a_o proper_a place_n for_o traffic_n this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1148._o the_o follow_a year_n lerida_n and_o fraga_n two_o town_n of_o note_n be_v take_v by_o the_o christian_n lerida_n be_v give_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o vrgel_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o great_a service_n during_o that_o war._n william_n peroz_n bishop_n of_o roda_n be_v appoint_v to_o the_o see_v of_o lerida_n still_o retain_v the_o city_n of_o roda_n and_o barbastro_n to_o be_v include_v in_o that_o diocese_n and_o some_o bishop_n of_o lerida_n long_o after_o this_o time_n continue_v to_o style_v themselves_o bishop_n of_o roda_n and_o barbastro_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o moor_n in_o spain_n go_v very_o much_o down_o the_o wind_n and_o the_o christian_n grow_v daily_o strong_a many_o castle_n town_n and_o city_n be_v take_v from_o the_o infidel_n almost_o portugal_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o portugal_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o river_n tagus_n form_v a_o capacious_a harbour_n the_o entrance_n or_o bar_n be_v somewhat_o dangerous_a but_o the_o port_n within_o large_a and_o secure_a on_o the_o northern_a shore_n of_o this_o port_n be_v seat_v the_o city_n lisbon_n the_o noble_a and_o rich_a in_o portugal_n at_o the_o back_n of_o it_o be_v certain_a hill_n of_o easy_a ascent_n and_o the_o top_n of_o they_o cover_v with_o building_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o city_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o length_n the_o ancient_a circumference_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v not_o very_o great_a but_o the_o suburb_n be_v large_a and_o still_o increase_v most_o of_o the_o street_n be_v narrow_a and_o crooked_a and_o in_o some_o place_n very_o steep_a but_o what_o be_v new_o build_v much_o surpass_v the_o old_a in_o beauty_n about_o it_o be_v many_o village_n and_o good_a country_n house_n and_o a_o soil_n beautify_v with_o vineyard_n and_o orchard_n of_o orange_n and_o lemmon_n tree_n d._n alonso_n ardent_o desire_v to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o this_o important_a place_n which_o serve_v as_o a_o bulwark_n to_o all_o that_o the_o moor_n hold_v in_o those_o part_n his_o own_o force_n be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o such_o a_o undertake_n and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v their_o hand_n full_a in_o other_o place_n for_o which_o reason_n portugal_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v take_v sintra_n he_o make_v advantageous_a proposal_n to_o the_o english_a flemings_n and_o french_a to_o induce_v they_o to_o assist_v he_o with_o their_o fleet_n these_o fleet_n keep_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o harbour_n that_o no_o relief_n may_v come_v to_o the_o city_n by_o sea_n the_o force_n of_o the_o native_n encamp_v where_o now_o be_v the_o monastery_n of_o s._n vincent_n the_o foreigner_n in_o the_o place_n where_o that_o of_o s._n francis_n be_v since_o build_v both_o place_n be_v now_o within_o the_o city_n they_o batter_v the_o wall_n for_o many_o day_n and_o on_o the_o day_n of_o s._n crispin_n and_o crispinian_n give_v a_o general_a assault_n the_o king_n himself_o stand_v by_o and_o encourage_v his_o men._n here_o the_o service_n be_v desperate_a the_o christian_n strive_v to_o gain_v the_o breach_n and_o the_o moor_n pour_v shower_n of_o weapon_n and_o stone_n upon_o they_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o scarce_o any_o fell_a without_o do_v execution_n our_o man_n throng_v upon_o one_o another_o at_o length_n have_v break_v open_a the_o gate_n call_v of_o alfama_n the_o city_n be_v enter_v much_o blood_n spill_v and_o all_o that_o submit_v make_v slave_n all_o the_o plunder_n be_v give_v to_o the_o soldier_n and_o prove_v great_a than_o have_v be_v imagine_v gilbert_n a_o person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o virtue_n be_v choose_v bishop_n though_o a_o stranger_n and_o consecrate_a the_o principal_a mosque_n in_o the_o very_a place_n where_o the_o king_n have_v encamp_v he_o build_v a_o monastery_n of_o the_o invocation_n of_o s._n vincent_n and_o place_v therein_o canon_n regulars_n many_o of_o the_o foreigner_n be_v take_v with_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o country_n resolve_v to_o stay_v and_o inhabit_v there_o and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v almada_n villaverde_n arruda_n zambruia_n castaneda_n and_o other_o town_n in_o that_o neighbourhood_n after_o success_n this_o the_o king_n follow_v his_o good_a fortune_n with_o wonderful_a success_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n alanquer_v obidos_n ebora_n yelve_n mura_n serpa_n beja_n and_o many_o other_o town_n and_o castle_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n all_o thing_n 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grace_n they_o order_v he_o to_o pay_v a_o yearly_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o pope_n eugenius_n appoint_v portugal_n four_o pound_n of_o gold_n alexander_n two_o mark_n whether_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n then_o pay_v it_o be_v not_o know_v of_o late_a age_n that_o crown_n have_v deem_v itself_o free_a from_o any_o such_o imposition_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o eleven_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o come_n into_o spain_n of_o the_o moor_n call_v almohade_n the_o death_n of_o d._n garcia_n king_n of_o navarre_n by_o a_o fall_n from_o his_o horse_n his_o son_n sancho_n succeed_v he_o king_n alonso_z and_o his_o daughter_n both_o marry_v many_o place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n let_v we_o be_v this_o book_n with_o another_o invasion_n of_o spain_n make_v by_o the_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a family_n of_o the_o almohade_n who_o about_o this_o time_n erect_v to_o themselves_o a_o almohade_n new_a kingdom_n in_o africa_n and_o spain_n great_a revolution_n ensue_v and_o great_a 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force_n but_o by_o the_o way_n at_o the_o wood_n of_o cazlona_n in_o sierra_n morena_n the_o emperor_n fall_v sick_a and_o near_o the_o town_n of_o fresneda_n he_o die_v in_o a_o tent_n on_o the_o 21th_o of_o august_n he_o live_v 51_o year_n 5_o month_n and_o 21_o day_n be_v king_n 35_o year_n and_o have_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n 22_o year_n and_o a_o half_a a_o prince_n worthy_a of_o a_o long_a life_n pious_a in_o his_o youth_n brave_a and_o modest_a in_o his_o ripe_a year_n always_o a_o pattern_n of_o virtue_n and_o famous_a to_o posterity_n for_o his_o zeal_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n he_o have_v three_o wife_n berengaria_n beatrix_n and_o rica_fw-la the_o second_o have_v no_o child_n the_o last_o be_v mother_n of_o sancha_n berengaria_n bring_v he_o sancho_n and_o ferdinand_n his_o successor_n also_o elizabeth_n and_o beatrix_n beside_o these_o alonso_z and_o another_o ferdinand_z who_o die_v young_a and_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o monastery_n of_o nun_n of_o the_o 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against_o navarre_n have_v take_v charge_n of_o the_o army_n by_o the_o way_n of_o briviesca_n he_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o rioja_n and_o encamp_v in_o a_o plain_a call_v valpiedra_n near_o the_o town_n of_o banares_n where_o both_o party_n order_v their_o battle_n d._n lope_n de_fw-fr haro_n lead_v the_o van_n of_o the_o navarrois_fw-mi d._n ladron_n de_fw-fr guevara_n the_o rear_n and_o the_o king_n the_o main_a body_n the_o castillian_n be_v the_o more_o numerous_a and_o resolute_a be_v not_o backward_o at_o the_o first_o charge_n the_o castillian_n give_v way_n but_o recover_v themselves_o put_v the_o navarrois_fw-mi to_o flight_n but_o make_v no_o great_a slaughter_n most_o save_v themselves_o in_o the_o neighbour_a castle_n and_o to_n supply_v come_v up_o now_o out_o of_o france_n the_o king_n adventure_v a_o second_o time_n to_o fight_v in_o the_o same_o place_n but_o with_o defeat_v no_o better_a success_n many_o of_o the_o noble_n be_v take_v be_v generous_o treat_v by_o d._n ponze_n and_o afterward_o set_v at_o liberty_n after_o this_o victory_n he_o return_v to_o burgos_n where_o the_o king_n have_v commend_v and_o reward_v the_o soldier_n above_o all_o honour_a d._n ponze_n and_o that_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o he_o march_v as_o far_o as_o the_o monastery_n of_o sahagun_n resolve_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o his_o brother_n if_o he_o do_v not_o condescend_v to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o possession_n king_n ferdinand_n perceive_v the_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o come_v to_o his_o brother_n unarm_v where_o all_o difference_n be_v agree_v and_o he_o promise_v not_o only_o to_o restore_v d._n ponze_n but_o to_o bestow_v fresh_a honour_n upon_o he_o beside_o he_o offer_v to_o do_v homage_n to_o his_o brother_n which_o king_n sancho_n with_o great_a courtesy_n refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o calatrava_n a_o town_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o guadiana_n not_o far_o from_o almagro_n when_o take_v from_o the_o moor_n be_v give_v to_o the_o knight_n templar_n but_o they_o understand_v the_o infidel_n make_v order_n great_a preparation_n to_o besiege_v it_o and_o despair_v of_o hold_v out_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o king_n no_o body_n will_v undertake_v to_o defend_v it_o only_o two_o cistercian_n monk_n who_o come_v to_o court_n upon_o business_n offer_v themselves_o these_o be_v raymund_n abbot_n of_o fitero_n near_o the_o river_n pisuerga_n and_o his_o companion_n james_n velazquez_n who_o have_v be_v a_o soldier_n be_v become_v a_o religious_a but_o still_o have_v a_o great_a spirit_n and_o persuade_v the_o abbot_n to_o undertake_v the_o maintain_n of_o that_o place_n this_o offer_n be_v very_o grateful_a to_o the_o king_n and_o to_z john_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o be_v before_o much_o concern_v for_o the_o danger_n which_o threaten_v that_o place_n the_o archbishop_n because_o calatrava_n belong_v to_o his_o diocese_n advance_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o in_o his_o sermon_n stir_v up_o the_o people_n to_o contribute_v towards_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o town_n either_o by_o adventure_v their_o person_n or_o lay_v out_o their_o money_n since_o they_o be_v all_o concern_v in_o the_o preservation_n of_o it_o as_o be_v the_o bulwark_n of_o the_o christian_a border_n which_o once_o lose_v ruin_n and_o desolation_n will_v soon_o come_v upon_o every_o particular_a man_n estate_n this_o be_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1158._o 1158._o the_o king_n free_o give_v the_o town_n of_o calatrava_n to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o cistercian_n for_o ever_o fame_n which_o common_o surpass_v truth_n be_v of_o great_a moment_n in_o all_o worldly_a affair_n as_o it_o appear_v now_o for_o the_o moor_n hear_v of_o the_o mighty_a preparation_n that_o be_v make_v to_o defend_v that_o city_n come_v not_o before_o it_o this_o be_v the_o original_a of_o the_o knight_n of_o calatrava_n for_o many_o soldier_n follow_v the_o abbot_n and_o take_v the_o habit_n he_o give_v they_o be_v return_v to_o toledo_n calatrava_n he_o bring_v a_o great_a number_n of_o cattle_n from_o his_o monastery_n and_o from_o the_o neighbourhood_n about_o 20000_o people_n to_o who_o he_o give_v the_o land_n about_o calatrava_n which_o before_o lay_v waist_n for_o want_v of_o inhabitant_n thus_o the_o town_n be_v secure_v against_o any_o danger_n abbot_n raymund_n die_v some_o year_n after_o at_o ciruelas_n a_o village_n where_o he_o be_v also_o bury_v and_o be_v honour_v as_o a_o saint_n thence_o in_o the_o year_n 1471._o he_o be_v translate_v to_o our_o lady_n of_o mount_n zion_n a_o monastery_n of_o bernardines_n near_o toledo_n james_n velazquez_n live_v many_o year_n after_o and_o die_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n peter_n at_o gumiel_n where_o he_o be_v bury_v from_o this_o beginning_n the_o military_a order_n of_o calatrava_n rise_v to_o the_o greatness_n it_o be_v now_o arrive_v at_o pope_n alexander_n iii_o confirm_v it_o by_o his_o bull_n in_o the_o year_n 1164_o the_o convent_n at_o first_o settle_v in_o calatrava_n be_v thence_o remove_v to_o ciruelos_n then_o to_o buxeda_n to_o corcoles_n salvatierra_n and_o last_o to_o covo_n there_o be_v other_o lesser_a convent_v of_o the_o order_n in_o other_o place_n but_o that_o be_v the_o principal_a this_o order_n in_o process_n of_o time_n grow_v rich_a and_o have_v the_o lordship_n of_o many_o town_n for_o their_o good_a service_n and_o through_o the_o bounty_n of_o king_n former_o the_o revenue_n of_o such_o town_n be_v give_v to_o old_a knight_n of_o that_o order_n for_o their_o maintenance_n during_o their_o own_o life_n only_o and_o not_o for_o their_o heir_n now_o they_o serve_v only_o to_o support_v the_o prodigality_n of_o courtier_n thus_o for_o the_o most_o part_n good_a institution_n be_v pervert_v chap._n iii_o the_o death_n of_o sancho_n king_n of_o castille_n the_o great_a commotion_n that_o ensue_v the_o death_n of_o raymund_n prince_n of_o
the_o original_a of_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n the_o take_n of_o cuenca_n by_o the_o christian_n increase_v of_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n or_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n several_a place_n in_o navarre_n take_v by_o the_o castilian_n the_o moor_n be_v so_o press_v by_o the_o arragonian_n that_o they_o have_v no_o place_n of_o safety_n along_o moor_n the_o river_n alga_n the_o town_n of_o favara_n maella_n fresneda_n and_o other_o be_v take_v from_o they_o on_o the_o river_n ebro_n the_o strong_a town_n of_o caspe_n a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o have_v retire_v to_o the_o mountain_n idubeda_n think_v the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n will_v secure_v they_o but_o thence_o also_o they_o be_v drive_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o christian_n so_o that_o from_o this_o time_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o moor_n extend_v no_o far_a than_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valoncia_n at_o the_o same_o time_n peter_n de_fw-fr açagra_n son_n to_o roderick_n de_fw-fr açagra_n before_o speak_v of_o and_o lord_n of_o estela_n for_o some_o signal_n service_n do_v to_o lope_n king_n of_o murcia_n have_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o albarazin_n seat_v on_o a_o uncoth_a mountain_n near_o the_o spring_n of_o tagus_n give_v he_o this_o place_n be_v soon_o after_o azagra_n make_v a_o bishopric_n and_o annex_v to_o the_o province_n of_o toledo_n both_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n be_v offend_v at_o peter_n de_fw-fr açagra_n the_o latter_a pretend_v that_o city_n be_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o his_o conquest_n whereas_o peter_n will_v do_v homage_n for_o it_o to_o no_o man._n the_o other_o complain_v he_o have_v take_v some_o castle_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o therefore_o both_o agree_v with_o their_o joint_a force_n to_o destroy_v albarazin_n for_o the_o more_o strengthen_v of_o this_o league_n cautionary_a town_n be_v give_v on_o both_o side_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n have_v agreda_n cervera_n and_o aguilar_n he_o of_o castille_n aranda_n borgia_n and_o arguedo_fw-es it_o be_v also_o conclude_v that_o hariza_n and_o its_o castle_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o former_a capitulation_n but_o because_o nuno_n sanchez_n deliver_v it_o without_o a_o special_a order_n the_o two_o king_n fall_v at_o variance_n which_o yet_o go_v no_o further_a than_o word_n this_o discord_n give_v peter_z de_fw-fr açagra_n time_n to_o strengthen_v himself_o for_o neither_o of_o the_o king_n attack_v he_o he_o of_o arragon_n despise_v the_o match_n that_o have_v be_v make_v by_o his_o father_n with_o the_o daughter_n of_o castille_n send_v ambassador_n to_o emanuel_n commenus_n emperor_n of_o constantinople_n to_o desire_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n some_o trouble_n be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o arragon_n on_o occasion_n that_o william_n aguillon_n lord_n of_o tarragona_n murder_v have_v kill_v hugo_n bishop_n of_o that_o city_n for_o maintain_v the_o privilege_n of_o his_o church_n the_o death_n of_o hugo_n fall_v on_o the_o 22th_o of_o april_n in_o the_o year_n 1171._o which_o year_n be_v also_o remarkable_a 1171._o for_o the_o death_n of_o thomas_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o england_n who_o be_v murder_v on_o the_o same_o score_n afterward_o canonize_v by_o pope_n alexander_n iii_o and_o soon_o honour_v as_o a_o saint_n in_o spain_n lope_n king_n of_o murcia_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1172._o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n think_v this_o a_o fit_a 1172._o opportunity_n to_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o and_o enter_v the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n oblige_v that_o king_n to_o buy_v a_o peace_n and_o promise_v for_o the_o future_a to_o pay_v double_a the_o tribute_n he_o have_v pay_v before_o thence_o the_o aragonian_a pass_v into_o the_o country_n of_o murcia_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n xativa_n navarre_n which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v when_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o surrender_v be_v call_v away_o to_o defend_v his_o own_o country_n against_o the_o navarrois_n who_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o hereupon_o a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v with_o the_o king_n of_o murcia_n upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v pay_v the_o same_o tribute_n his_o father_n have_v agree_v to_o this_o do_v the_o king_n march_v towards_o navarre_n in_o a_o rage_n yet_o they_o come_v not_o to_o a_o battle_n but_o he_o waste_v that_o country_n on_o the_o side_n of_o tudela_n and_o take_v the_o town_n of_o argueda_n this_o happen_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o next_o be_v 1173._o the_o war_n be_v continue_v and_o the_o arragonian_n utter_o destroy_v the_o town_n of_o milagro_n betwixt_o calahorra_n and_o alfaro_n from_o whence_o much_o harm_n have_v be_v do_v in_o the_o land_n 1173._o of_o arragon_n petronilla_n mother_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n die_v on_o the_o three_o of_o october_n the_o same_o year_n at_o barcelona_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o january_n 1174._o the_o marriage_n be_v at_o last_o consumat_v at_o zaragoça_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o sancha_n sister_n to_o he_o of_o castille_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v 1174._o long_o before_o by_o their_o parent_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n now_o upon_o second_o thought_n perfer_v the_o alliance_n of_o castille_n before_o that_o of_o a_o foreign_a and_o remote_a emperor_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o grecian_a emperor_n daughter_n arrive_v at_o montpellier_n in_o france_n where_o understanding_n how_o she_o be_v disappoint_v she_o marry_v the_o lord_n of_o that_o city_n about_o this_o time_n the_o order_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n or_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n begin_v apostle_n first_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o by_o degree_n from_o a_o small_a beginning_n be_v now_o rise_v to_o a_o regal_a grandeur_n when_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n be_v first_o discover_v the_o devotion_n of_o the_o place_n draw_v many_o pilgrim_n and_o many_o be_v deter_v by_o the_o badness_n of_o the_o way_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o moor_n for_o take_v away_o these_o obstacle_n the_o cannon_n of_o st._n eloy_n build_v many_o hospital_n on_o the_o road_n and_o one_o to_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o rest_n at_o leon._n this_o at_o first_o move_v many_o good_a people_n to_o bestow_v great_a riches_n upon_o they_o afterward_o some_o that_o have_v serve_v in_o the_o war_n join_v their_o stock_n and_o live_v under_o certain_a rule_n like_o religious_a men._n these_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o cardinal_n jacintus_n the_o pope_n legate_n join_v with_o the_o canon_n of_o st._n eloy_n who_o have_v a_o convent_n without_o the_o town_n of_o compostella_n and_o send_v commissioner_n to_o rome_n to_o pope_n alexander_n for_o the_o obtain_v his_o approbation_n of_o their_o new_a institution_n which_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n augustin_n observe_v by_o those_o canon_n pero_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr puente_n encalada_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o these_o commissioner_n who_o obtain_v the_o pope_n bull_n approve_v their_o design_n and_o assign_v they_o rule_n to_o observe_v the_o bull_n bear_v date_n july_n the_o 5_o 1175_o pero_n fernandez_n himself_o 1175._o be_v constitute_v the_o first_o great_a master_n of_o the_o order_n the_o badge_n of_o the_o knight_n be_v a_o white_a cloak_n with_o a_o red_a cross_n make_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o sword_n the_o hospital_n of_o st._n mark_v at_o leon_n be_v assign_v they_o for_o their_o monastery_n their_o possession_n in_o castille_n be_v very_o large_a among_o other_o they_o have_v the_o town_n of_o vcles_n mora_n estriana_n almodovar_n larunda_n and_o santa_n cruz_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zarça_n near_o ocena_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1176._o king_n alonso_z of_o castille_n be_v of_o age_n and_o 1176._o resolve_v to_o be_v revenge_v on_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o navarre_n for_o the_o wrong_n they_o have_v do_v leon._n he_o in_o his_o minority_n before_o he_o take_v the_o field_n make_v his_o vow_n to_o god_n in_o toledo_n and_o give_v the_o town_n of_o illescas_n and_o hazana_n to_o that_o church_n this_o do_v he_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o rioja_n as_o far_o as_o ebro_n and_o have_v waste_v the_o border_n of_o navarre_n turn_v back_o and_o bend_v his_o force_n against_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n where_o he_o burn_v and_o plunder_v all_o the_o country_n the_o king_n his_o uncle_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o withstand_v he_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n vent_v his_o anger_n upon_o the_o new_a knight_n of_o st._n james_n suppose_v they_o favour_v their_o old_a master_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o therefore_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o his_o dominion_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o fly_v to_o castille_n for_o protection_n soon_o after_o king_n ferdinand_n repent_v but_o it_o be_v too_o late_o however_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o prelate_n a_o truce_n be_v
against_o leon_n think_v the_o wrong_n do_v he_o have_v be_v sufficient_o revenge_v chap._n vi_o rebellion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n suppress_v alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n take_v by_o ferdinand_n of_o leon_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n be_v besiege_a in_o santarem_n by_o the_o moor_n be_v relieve_v by_o he_o he_o vanquish_v the_o infidel_n action_n of_o his_o son_n sancho_n the_o people_n of_o leon_n bear_v ferdinand_n their_o king_n no_o affection_n some_o pretend_v heavy_a tax_n other_o that_o he_o be_v austere_a and_o the_o city_n salamanca_n complain_v that_o he_o have_v take_v rebel_n part_n of_o their_o territory_n to_o add_v it_o to_o ledesma_n which_o he_o rebuilt_a hereupon_o they_o rebel_v under_o one_o nuno_n rabia_n who_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n say_v they_o call_v king_n the_o town_n of_o avila_n send_v they_o supply_n but_o king_n ferdinand_n come_v upon_o they_o overthrow_v the_o rebel_n take_v their_o captain_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v salamanca_n be_v easy_o reduce_v and_o zamora_n before_o mutinous_a by_o this_o example_n be_v pacify_v these_o trouble_n be_v over_o the_o king_n be_v perplex_v how_o to_o relieve_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n besiege_v by_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o moor_n s._n isidorus_n patron_n of_o leon_n be_v say_v to_o have_v assist_v he_o in_o vanquish_a they_o as_o he_o do_v and_o grow_v proud_a with_o this_o success_n enter_v portugal_n and_o plunder_v the_o frontier_n d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n be_v prevail_v upon_o by_o the_o king_n to_o quit_v the_o service_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o engage_v under_o he_o against_o castille_n who_o territory_n he_o immediate_o enter_v with_o the_o force_n of_o leon._n near_o lubricall_a in_o the_o country_n of_o campos_n he_o overthrow_v a_o body_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o come_v to_o oppose_v he_o take_v many_o prisoner_n of_o note_n and_o among_o they_o d._n nuno_n de_fw-fr lara_n his_o mortal_a enemy_n he_o treat_v they_o all_o courteous_o and_o give_v they_o their_o liberty_n only_o exact_v a_o oath_n of_o they_o that_o they_o will_v be_v his_o true_a friend_n then_o put_v away_o his_o first_o wife_n he_o marry_v d._n estephania_n king_n ferdinand_n sister_n by_o who_o he_o have_v peter_n de_fw-fr castro_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n though_o of_o a_o great_a age_n have_v warlike_a thought_n and_o resent_v that_o defeat_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n be_v a_o curb_n and_o inlet_n to_o portugal_n wherefore_o have_v gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o it_o to_o his_o son_n sancho_n order_v he_o to_o besiege_v that_o city_n be_v persuade_v the_o king_n of_o leon_n now_o engage_v in_o war_n with_o castille_n can_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o relieve_v it_o king_n ferdinand_n with_o part_n of_o his_o force_n meet_v the_o portuguese_n and_o near_o the_o town_n of_o arraganal_n overthrow_v they_o take_v many_o prisoner_n 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wound_n to_o be_v dress_v give_v he_o his_o liberty_n this_o courtesy_n so_o oblige_v the_o portague_n that_o he_o offer_v to_o submit_v himself_o and_o kingdom_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n which_o be_v refuse_v and_o nothing_o demand_v of_o he_o but_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o town_n he_o have_v take_v in_o galicia_n the_o follow_a year_n be_v 1180._o on_o the_o first_o of_o october_n die_v luis_n vii_o king_n of_o france_n and_o philip_n augustus_n succeed_v 1180._o he_o about_o the_o same_o time_n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n build_v the_o city_n victoria_n in_o that_o part_n of_o biscay_n call_v alava_n it_o be_v the_o head_n of_o that_o province_n and_o stand_v where_o former_o be_v tarragona_n a_o village_n call_v gasteiso_n at_o tarragona_n a_o synod_n be_v hold_v where_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o for_o the_o future_a the_o catalonian_o in_o the_o public_a write_n shall_v forbear_v name_v the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n as_o have_v be_v use_v till_o then_o in_o the_o year_n 1181._o die_v cerebrunns_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n gonzalo_z the_o first_o of_o this_o name_n a_o man_n of_o great_a 1181._o piety_n and_o learning_n succeed_v he_o some_o name_n peter_n de_fw-fr cardona_n before_o d._n gonçalo_n some_o after_o he_o perhaps_o he_o be_v elect_a and_o not_o consecrate_a most_o author_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o he_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n now_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o badajoz_n that_o city_n be_v altogether_o leon._n inhabit_v by_o moor_n and_o he_o can_v neither_o people_n it_o with_o christian_n nor_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a garrison_n therefore_o he_o give_v the_o government_n of_o it_o to_o abenabel_n a_o moor_n who_o soon_o rebel_v and_o call_v the_o almohade_n to_o his_o assistance_n not_o content_a with_o this_o he_o gather_v a_o army_n waste_v the_o frontier_n of_o leon_n and_o then_o march_v into_o portugal_n besiege_a king_n alonso_n in_o santarem_n king_n 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and_o how_o much_o of_o what_o the_o moor_n possess_v shall_v belong_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o each_o appoint_v wherein_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n gain_v great_a reputation_n for_o his_o modesty_n have_v no_o further_o assign_v he_o than_o to_o valencia_n but_o afterward_o his_o son_n peter_n be_v dissatisfy_v have_v it_o extend_v to_o alicant_n only_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n can_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o admit_v of_o this_o pacification_n be_v high_o offend_v at_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n for_o the_o great_a harm_n he_o have_v do_v he_o however_o for_o some_o time_n peace_n continue_v among_o the_o christians_n or_o at_o least_o no_o considerable_a hostility_n be_v commit_v the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o moor_n chief_o by_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1183._o cause_v the_o bone_n of_o s._n vincent_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o cape_n of_o his_o name_n to_o the_o cathedral_n of_o lisbon_n he_o send_v his_o son_n sancho_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tagus_n to_o 1183._o secure_v the_o frontier_n and_o observe_v the_o moor_n sancho_n be_v young_a and_o ambitious_a of_o honour_n with_o a_o good_a force_n enter_v andaluzia_n and_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o sevil._n those_o people_n dare_v to_o come_v out_o and_o give_v he_o battle_n he_o overthrow_v they_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o ilipa_n now_o call_v niebla_n but_o can_v not_o take_v it_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n upon_o news_n bring_v he_o that_o the_o moor_n have_v attack_v beja_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o portugal_n they_o also_o he_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o enter_v santarem_n in_o triumph_n at_o the_o same_o time_n intelligence_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o almohade_n with_o their_o king_n abenjacob_n gather_v mighty_a force_n against_o portugal_n but_o they_o be_v so_o quick_a that_o before_o it_o be_v expect_v they_o sit_v down_o
they_o as_o favourer_n of_o heretic_n though_o his_o friend_n advise_v he_o to_o to_o be_v more_o moderate_a he_o can_v not_o restrain_v himself_o as_o believe_v the_o city_n be_v depart_v from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n he_o go_v to_o the_o common-council_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o accident_n be_v a_o affront_n to_o all_o spain_n that_o where_o former_o just_a law_n and_o constitution_n be_v enact_v as_o be_v the_o head_n of_o a_o kingdom_n there_o at_o present_a unheard_a of_o villainy_n and_o heresy_n be_v invent_v he_o add_v god_n will_v not_o give_v they_o rain_n to_o bless_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n till_o they_o have_v cast_v down_o that_o church_n and_o throw_v away_o those_o bone_n they_o worship_v for_o so_o it_o be_v that_o ever_o since_o that_o superstition_n begin_v which_o be_v now_o ten_o month_n it_o never_o rain_v and_o there_o be_v a_o dearth_n in_o the_o country_n the_o judge_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o assembly_n say_v to_o the_o deacon_n do_v you_o assure_v we_o that_o the_o church_n be_v cast_v down_o god_n will_v give_v we_o rain_v and_o water_n the_o country_n the_o deacon_n full_a of_o faith_n answer_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o demolish_v that_o house_n and_o i_o promise_v in_o the_o name_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n upon_o forfeiture_n of_o life_n faith_n and_o good_n that_o within_o eight_o day_n our_o lord_n will_v send_v the_o necessary_a rain_n in_o abundance_n the_o company_n give_v credit_n to_o his_o word_n he_o repair_v to_o the_o place_n with_o labourer_n appoint_v and_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n level_v the_o church_n and_o scatter_v the_o bone_n about_o the_o dunghill_n it_o happen_v to_o the_o great_a astonishment_n of_o they_o all_o that_o as_o the_o church_n be_v pull_v down_o among_o the_o timber_n be_v hear_v a_o noise_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o trumpet_n to_o show_v the_o devil_n forsake_v that_o place_n the_o next_o day_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o city_n be_v burn_v down_o for_o the_o wind_n be_v very_o high_a the_o fire_n can_v not_o soon_o be_v stop_v from_o spread_v far_o the_o multitude_n mutiny_v and_o run_v to_o find_v out_o the_o deacon_n with_o a_o design_n to_o murder_v he_o say_v that_o instead_o of_o rain_n he_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o great_a fire_n the_o heretic_n appear_v scoff_v at_o the_o clergy_n and_o say_v the_o deacon_n deserve_v death_n and_o that_o what_o he_o have_v promise_v will_v not_o come_v to_o pass_v but_o the_o almighty_a have_v mercy_n on_o his_o people_n for_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eight_o day_n appoint_v he_o send_v abundant_a rain_n so_o that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n recover_v and_o there_o be_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n that_o year_n the_o deacon_n encourage_v by_o this_o success_n go_v on_o prosecute_a the_o heretic_n till_o he_o oblige_v they_o to_o quit_v the_o city_n thus_o far_o be_v the_o word_n of_o this_o author_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o pestilential_a heresy_n spread_v expel_v in_o spain_n but_o it_o be_v great_a fury_n fall_v upon_o toulouze_n whence_o ensue_v great_a mischief_n and_o the_o unhappy_a death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o will_v uphold_v it_o as_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o sequel_n the_o sect_n of_o the_o albigenses_n grow_v formidable_a and_o daily_o gather_v strength_n not_o only_o by_o the_o number_n of_o the_o commonalty_n that_o adhere_v to_o it_o but_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o person_n of_o note_n that_o support_v it_o without_o regard_v the_o pope_n authority_n or_o their_o own_o reputation_n these_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n faux_n besier_n and_o cominge_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n support_v they_o because_o these_o city_n be_v feof_n depend_v on_o he_o as_o have_v be_v say_v albigenses_n before_o beside_o he_o be_v near_o ally_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n who_o three_o wife_n be_v the_o king_n of_o aragon_n sister_n and_o the_o earl_n son_n and_o heir_n who_o name_n as_o well_o as_o his_o father_n be_v raymund_n have_v take_v to_o wife_n another_o of_o the_o same_o king_n sister_n call_v sancha_n this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o his_o declare_v for_o the_o albigenses_n and_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o they_o otherwise_o he_o be_v a_o true_o catholic_n prince_n as_o may_v be_v infer_v by_o his_o deliver_v his_o son_n d._n jaime_n or_o james_n to_o simon_n earl_n of_o monfort_n to_o be_v breed_v up_o and_o instruct_v which_o simon_n be_v general_n of_o the_o catholic_n and_o a_o scourge_n to_o the_o heretic_n such_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o affair_n that_o it_o much_o trouble_v the_o catholic_n of_o france_n but_o above_o all_o the_o pope_n who_o apprehend_v lest_o that_o evil_a shall_v daily_o take_v a_o deep_a root_n and_o gather_v strength_n by_o so_o many_o favourer_n the_o more_o for_o that_o the_o multitude_n who_o love_v novelty_n be_v deceive_v by_o the_o sleight_n of_o those_o heretic_n easy_o forsake_v the_o faith_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o embrace_v those_o extravagent_n opinion_n some_o remedy_n be_v seek_v to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o grow_a evil._n mildness_n be_v think_v at_o first_o most_o expedient_a to_o try_v whether_o by_o the_o care_n of_o good_a teacher_n those_o that_o have_v stray_v may_v be_v bring_v back_o d._n james_n bishop_n of_o osma_n in_o his_o way_n to_o rome_n whither_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n go_v through_o that_o part_n of_o france_n and_o see_v the_o condition_n of_o affair_n and_o danger_n those_o town_n be_v in_o unless_o some_o speedy_a remedy_n be_v apply_v give_v a_o full_a account_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o whole_a mischief_n and_o where_o the_o great_a danger_n appear_v with_o he_o go_v the_o glorious_a father_n s._n dominick_n than_o a_o canon_n regular_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n augustin_n and_o afterward_o on_o this_o account_n founder_n of_o the_o order_n of_o preacher_n he_o be_v bear_v at_o calervega_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o osma_n of_o a_o noble_a family_n the_o pope_n understanding_n how_o the_o matter_n stand_v resolve_v to_o give_v heretic_n a_o check_n to_o that_o spread_a evil._n he_o dispatch_v the_o bishop_n and_o his_o companion_n with_o full_a commission_n to_o quench_v that_o flame_n he_o also_o appoint_v one_o of_o the_o cardinal_n his_o legate_n with_o ample_a power_n be_v come_v into_o france_n they_o choose_v 12_o abbot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n bernard_n to_o be_v their_o associate_n that_o be_v native_n they_o may_v by_o their_o preach_a and_o example_n bring_v back_o those_o that_o have_v go_v astray_o but_o whatever_o be_v gain_v by_o this_o mean_n many_o be_v convert_v from_o their_o error_n chief_o by_o the_o preach_a of_o s._n dominick_n and_o miracle_n he_o wrought_v in_o several_a part_n no_o less_o be_v the_o number_n of_o those_o pervert_v by_o the_o heretic_n for_o who_o can_v reduce_v a_o incense_a rabble_n to_o reason_n who_o can_v restore_v to_o their_o wit_n man_n lose_v and_o harden_v in_o error_n a_o limb_n that_o can_v be_v heal_v must_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o the_o safe_a method_n be_v in_o such_o case_n to_o use_v rigour_n in_o time_n this_o move_v the_o pope_n and_o catholic_n prince_n to_o alter_v their_o method_n and_o since_o no_o peaceable_a mean_n be_v of_o force_n to_o resolve_v upon_o war_n and_o open_a force_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n ii_o the_o death_n of_o peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o of_o alonso_z king_n of_o castille_n simon_n earl_n of_o monfort_n general_n of_o the_o catholic_n overthrow_v the_o heretic_n and_o take_v the_o town_n they_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o be_v now_o resolve_v to_o decide_v these_o matter_n of_o religion_n by_o arm_n a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n be_v assemble_v out_o of_o italy_n germany_n and_o france_n hope_v to_o gain_v the_o indulgence_n grant_v albigenses_n by_o the_o pope_n to_o such_o as_o take_v up_o the_o cross_n on_o such_o occasion_n these_o first_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o city_n besieres_fw-fr and_o in_o it_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n 7000_o of_o the_o mutineer_n this_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o people_n of_o carcassonne_n that_o they_o surrender_v the_o city_n to_o the_o catholic_n and_o the_o ringleader_n be_v punish_v these_o prosperous_a beginning_n encourage_v the_o catholic_n who_o want_v a_o general_n make_v choice_n of_o simon_n earl_n of_o montfort_n a_o town_n of_o note_n in_o the_o territory_n catholic_n of_o chartres_n as_o be_v a_o experience_a soldier_n and_o of_o know_a zeal_n for_o the_o catholic_n religion_n he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o that_o charge_v and_o gather_v his_o force_n gain_v from_o the_o heretic_n the_o castle_n of_o minerva_n the_o city_n
charge_n the_o king_n warn_v mancada_n to_o forbear_v violence_n and_o stand_v to_o judgement_n and_o he_o refuse_v invade_v his_o land_n so_o furious_o that_o he_o take_v from_o he_o 130_o tower_n and_o castle_n and_o the_o town_n of_o cervellon_n near_o barcelona_n the_o castle_n of_o moncada_n be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o william_n himself_o in_o it_o can_v not_o be_v so_o easy_o carry_v thus_o much_o in_o the_o year_n 1223._o 1223._o in_o which_o on_o the_o 15_o of_o july_n die_v philip_n king_n of_o france_n at_o medun_n his_o son_n luis_n viii_o husband_n portugal_n to_o blanch_n of_o castille_n and_o father_n to_o s._n luis_n succeed_v he_o the_o year_n follow_v alonso_z ii_o surname_v the_o fat_a king_n of_o portugal_n decease_v at_o coimbra_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o alcobaça_n near_o his_o wife_n d._n vrraca_n in_o a_o mean_a tomb_n as_o be_v use_v in_o those_o day_n he_o leave_v three_o son_n sancho_n surname_v capelo_n his_o successor_n alonso_z who_o 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to_o toledo_n he_o send_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o cordova_n to_o relieve_v the_o inhabitant_n who_o suffer_v want_v the_o country_n about_o they_o lie_v still_o waste_v a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n be_v worth_a 12_o maravedy_n and_o a_o bushel_n of_o barley_n 4_o which_o in_o that_o age_n be_v a_o extrordinary_a rate_n in_o the_o follow_a year_n 1239._o we_o find_v there_o be_v two_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n one_o on_o the_o 3d_o of_o june_n 1239._o be_v friday_n when_o the_o sun_n at_o noon_n day_n be_v so_o darken_v as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v night_n the_o other_o eclipse_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o the_o same_o month_n as_o bernard_n guido_n a_o aragonian_a historian_n write_v but_o there_o must_v be_v some_o mistake_n in_o this_o last_o for_o there_o can_v not_o be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n at_o that_o time_n and_o nothing_o else_o can_v cause_v a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n pliny_n affirm_v the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n can_v return_v till_o 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de_fw-fr haro_n lord_n of_o biscay_n about_o this_o time_n revolt_a twice_o the_o cause_n not_o know_v the_o goodness_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o care_n of_o his_o son_n alonso_n still_o reduce_v he_o bestow_v great_a favour_n on_o he_o than_o before_o respect_n be_v have_v to_o the_o service_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o it_o be_v of_o evil_a consequence_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o civil_a broil_n when_o there_o be_v so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n of_o extirpate_v the_o moor_n these_o thing_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1240._o the_o same_o year_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n the_o garrison_n of_o valencia_n under_o the_o command_n 1240._o of_o william_n de_fw-fr aguillon_n and_o other_o man_n of_o note_n plunder_v the_o territory_n of_o xativa_n take_v rebolledo_n overthrow_v by_o surprise_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o chjo_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o mountain_n and_o be_v a_o inlet_n to_o a_o delightful_a and_o pleasant_a plain_n 20000_o moor_n come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o it_o who_o charge_v the_o christian_n with_o great_a resolution_n but_o be_v overthrow_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n after_o this_o victory_n the_o castle_n be_v take_v and_o demolish_a at_o the_o king_n return_n the_o moor_n complain_v of_o this_o breach_n of_o truce_n and_o reparation_n be_v make_v they_o no_o soon_o do_v that_o truce_n expire_v but_o the_o king_n enter_v their_o country_n take_v the_o castle_n of_o bayren_n seat_v in_o a_o valley_n that_o bear_v sugar_n and_o rice_n as_o do_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o gandia_n villena_n be_v also_o take_v and_o castillon_n but_o xativa_n though_o besiege_v hold_v out_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o action_n the_o king_n be_v call_v away_o to_o affair_n of_o great_a moment_n in_o france_n each_o have_v settle_v his_o kingdom_n in_o the_o best_a manner_n time_n will_v permit_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n moor_n prepare_v to_o depart_v into_o france_n and_o he_o of_o castille_n into_o andaluzia_n a_o dangerous_a 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requisite_a to_o use_v diligence_n lest_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o people_n shall_v alter_v for_o the_o moor_n be_v very_o inconstant_a therefore_o the_o prince_n set_v out_o after_o the_o ambassador_n without_o stay_v to_o consult_v his_o father_n at_o his_o arrival_n all_o place_n submit_v he_o put_v garrison_n into_o they_o particular_o into_o the_o castle_n of_o murcia_n revenue_n be_v assign_v all_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o moor_n only_o the_o city_n lorca_n former_o call_v eliocrota_n cartagena_n and_o mula_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o christian_n it_o be_v tedious_a to_o force_v they_o and_o prince_z alonso_z have_v not_o a_o sufficient_a power_n therefore_o he_o return_v with_o all_o speed_n towards_o his_o father_n who_o be_v recover_v be_v come_v as_o far_o as_o toledo_n and_o desire_v to_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o moor_n resolve_v to_o visit_v that_o new_a kingdom_n there_o be_v extant_a a_o grant_v sign_v by_o the_o king_n of_o murcia_n to_o the_o church_n 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the_o earl_n of_o alcaudete_fw-la in_o castille_n winter_n draw_v on_o the_o king_n go_v to_o poçuelo_n where_o his_o mother_n expect_v he_o to_o treat_v about_o important_a affair_n she_o be_v now_o near_o the_o end_n of_o her_o day_n he_o spend_v 45_o day_n with_o she_o in_o that_o town_n after_o which_o the_o queen_n return_v to_o toledo_n and_o the_o king_n to_o anduxar_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1243._o the_o queen_n consort_n remain_v at_o cordova_n 1243._o all_o the_o land_n about_o jaen_n and_o alcala_n surname_v bençayde_n be_v waste_v by_o the_o king_n in_o person_n illora_n be_v burn_v and_o he_o march_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o city_n granada_n d._n pelayo_n correa_n master_n of_o santiago_n who_o have_v do_v good_a service_n under_o prince_n alonso_n in_o murcia_n come_v now_o to_o andaluzia_n and_o persuade_v the_o king_n to_o lay_v siege_n to_o jaen_n which_o have_v be_v often_o attempt_v and_o always_o without_o success_n great_a difficulty_n seem_v to_o 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kingdom_n and_o life_n in_o this_o condition_n no_o refuge_n be_v leave_v he_o but_o among_o the_o christian_n wherefore_o have_v obtain_v a_o pass_n he_o come_v to_o the_o camp_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n he_o offer_v to_o serve_v he_o faithful_o if_o he_o will_v take_v he_o into_o his_o protection_n and_o in_o token_n of_o submission_n kiss_v his_o hand_n a_o league_n and_o friendship_n be_v establish_v betwixt_o they_o upon_o the_o follow_a article_n that_o jaen_n be_v immediate_o deliver_v that_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n be_v equal_o divide_v betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n it_o be_v then_o value_v at_o 170000_o ducat_n a_o year_n that_o the_o moorish_a king_n as_o homager_n be_v oblige_v when_o summon_v to_o come_v to_o the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n that_o this_o league_n be_v offensive_a and_o defensive_a thus_o the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v the_o city_n be_v surrender_v and_o
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important_a a_o place_n axatafe_n king_n of_o sevil_n be_v not_o unprovided_a but_o gather_v force_n not_o only_o of_o his_o own_o but_o out_o of_o africa_n and_o lay_v in_o great_a store_n of_o arm_n and_o provision_n all_o thing_n be_v plentiful_o provide_v for_o the_o carry_v on_o a_o long_a siege_n king_n ferdinand_n move_v from_o besiege_v alcala_n guadayra_n where_o he_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o sevil_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o august_n in_o the_o year_n 1247._o the_o king_n himself_o encamp_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n below_o the_o 1247._o city_n by_o the_o field_n of_o tablada_n d._n pelayo_n perez_n correa_n master_n of_o santiago_n take_v his_o post_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n in_o a_o village_n call_v aznalfarache_fw-la to_o oppose_v abenjafon_n king_n of_o niebla_n who_o be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o that_o neighbourhood_n many_o sally_n be_v make_v by_o the_o moor_n to_o obstruct_v carry_v on_o the_o work_n 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and_o a_o strong_a westerly_a wind_n with_o full_a sail_n so_o violent_o bear_v upon_o it_o that_o the_o chain_n which_o hold_v the_o boat_n can_v not_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o shock_n thus_o the_o bridge_n be_v cut_v off_o on_o the_o 3d_o of_o may_n to_o the_o great_a joy_n of_o the_o army_n break_v flushed_a with_o this_o success_n the_o soldier_n on_o a_o sudden_a give_v a_o onset_n on_o all_o side_n labour_v to_o make_v a_o breach_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o instrument_n so_o resolute_o that_o the_o besiege_a be_v in_o great_a danger_n their_o resolution_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o wall_n overcome_v the_o labour_n of_o the_o christian_n provision_n beginning_n to_o fail_v and_o no_o hope_n of_o relief_n appear_v the_o citizen_n at_o first_o in_o whispers_z begin_v to_o talk_v of_o a_o surrender_n soon_o after_o it_o become_v the_o public_a discourse_n and_o at_o last_o they_o demand_v a_o parley_n the_o commissioner_n send_v out_o to_o treat_v be_v for_o submit_v to_o any_o condition_n except_o deliver_v the_o city_n and_o the_o king_n will_v hearken_v to_o nothing_o less_o than_o a_o surrender_n whilst_o the_o treaty_n last_v a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v upon_o at_o first_o they_o offer_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o they_o have_v always_o do_v to_o the_o miramamolines_n this_o offer_n be_v reject_v they_o propose_v to_o deliver_v the_o three_o part_n and_o then_o half_a the_o city_n to_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n by_o a_o wall_n over_z and_o above_o those_o revenue_n king_n ferdinand_n admit_v of_o no_o proposal_n less_o than_o the_o surrender_n of_o the_o city_n at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o this_o conclusion_n that_o the_o moorish_a king_n with_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n carry_v all_o their_o good_n might_n free_o depart_v whither_o they_o please_v that_o up_o except_v sanlucar_n aznalfarache_fw-la and_o niebla_n all_o other_o town_n and_o castle_n depend_v on_o sevil_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o a_o month_n be_v allow_v for_o performance_n of_o article_n the_o castle_n be_v present_o deliver_v up_o and_o on_o the_o 27_o of_o november_n 100000_o moor_n man_n woman_n and_o child_n march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n some_o go_v over_o into_o africa_n the_o rest_n be_v disperse_v into_o other_o town_n and_o city_n in_o spain_n this_o siege_n last_v 16_o month_n during_o which_o time_n the_o camp_n be_v like_o a_o city_n all_o thing_n be_v there_o plentiful_o sell_v in_o shop_n regular_o dispose_v and_o smith_n carpenter_n and_o other_o necessary_a trade_n continual_o work_v on_o the_o 22d_o of_o december_n the_o king_n in_o great_a state_n enter_v the_o city_n and_o hear_v mass_n in_o the_o cathedral_n which_o to_o that_o purpose_n have_v be_v bless_v by_o gutierre_n late_a elect_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o place_n of_o john_n who_o die_v on_o the_o 23d_o of_o july_n raymund_n de_fw-fr losana_n be_v choose_v archbishop_n of_o the_o new_a city_n sevil_n
learn_v other_o gain_v he_o renown_n this_o move_v the_o electoral_a prince_n of_o germany_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n william_n to_o choose_v he_o his_o successor_n but_o they_o do_v not_o all_o consent_n for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o cologne_n and_o mentz_n and_o the_o count_n palatine_n elect_v richard_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n brother_n to_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n this_o election_n be_v make_v on_o the_o 6_o of_o january_n in_o the_o year_n 1256_o some_o say_v two_o year_n late_a the_o archbishop_n of_o treves_n and_o duke_n of_o saxony_n look_v upon_o the_o other_o as_o invallid_a on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o march_n follow_v make_v choice_n of_o king_n alonso_n ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o they_o both_o and_o both_o take_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n but_o richard_n have_v so_o much_o the_o advantage_n that_o he_o immediate_o go_v over_o into_o germany_n and_o be_v crown_v the_o first_o time_n at_o aquisgran_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o cologne_n king_n alonso_z be_v hinder_v 1256._o by_o his_o domestic_a trouble_n and_o force_v to_o put_v off_o his_o departure_n this_o delay_n give_v time_n to_o his_o party_n to_o cool_v in_o their_o affection_n and_o the_o other_o to_o strengthen_v itself_o richard_n seem_v to_o have_v the_o better_a title_n be_v choose_v within_o the_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o on_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o election_n and_o also_o for_o that_o within_o the_o space_n of_o another_o year_n he_o be_v crown_v at_o aquisgran_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o cologne_n and_o seat_v in_o the_o chair_n of_o charlemaigne_n in_o token_n of_o possession_n beside_o the_o prince_n and_o governor_n do_v he_o homage_n all_o these_o circumstance_n plead_v for_o richard_n right_a whereas_o king_n alonso_n have_v perform_v none_o of_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n both_o the_o elector_n palatine_n and_o king_n of_o bohemia_n who_o be_v the_o umpire_n when_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n depend_v 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exaction_n the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v equal_o please_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o grievous_a to_o he_o of_o france_n to_o divert_v his_o melancholy_n by_o offend_v his_o enemy_n he_o make_v great_a levy_n his_o land_n army_n amount_v to_o 20000_o horse_n and_o 80000_o foot_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o provide_v a_o fleet_n of_o 120_o sail_n between_o great_a ship_n galley_n and_o other_o small_a vessel_n he_o resolve_v to_o go_v in_o person_n to_o this_o expedition_n and_o with_o he_o philip_n and_o charles_n his_o son_n and_o jayme_n king_n of_o majorca_n who_o follow_v the_o french_a be_v high_o offend_v at_o the_o aragonian_a he_o brother_n with_o they_o also_o be_v cardinal_n gervasius_n send_v by_o pope_n martin_n the_o four_o as_o his_o legate_n that_o pope_n die_v at_o perosa_fw-la on_o the_o 29_o of_o march_n honorius_n the_o ivth_o a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n of_o the_o family_n sabela_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o place_n and_o take_v 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be_v well_o build_v the_o tower_n of_o stone_n and_o strong_a in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v the_o cathedral_n and_o bishop_n house_n a_o large_a and_o beautiful_a fabric_n above_o the_o cathedral_n be_v a_o large_a tower_n call_v gironela_n raymund_n 〈◊〉_d cardona_n 〈◊〉_d governor_n of_o that_o city_n have_v add_v new_a work_n and_o throw_v down_o all_o the_o suburb_n only_a 〈◊〉_d the_o church_n of_o s._n felix_n for_o the_o great_a devotion_n of_o the_o place_n and_o its_o antiquity_n his_o valour_n and_o industry_n be_v great_a so_o that_o he_o several_a time_n but_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o french_a 〈…〉_z mind_n their_o work_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v not_o far_o off_o but_o be_v too_o weak_a to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n seek_v some_o opportunity_n of_o gain_v a_o advantage_n and_o put_v relief_n into_o the_o town_n it_o have_v be_v three_o month_n besiege_a when_o sancho_n king_n of_o castille_n send_v martin_n bishop_n of_o calahorra_n and_o gonuz_fw-fr garçia_n de_fw-fr toledo_n abbot_n of_o valladolia_n his_o ambassador_n to_o compose_v these_o difference_n they_o be_v send_v back_o with_o many_o reproach_n have_v scare_n see_v the_o king_n of_o france_n it_o be_v report_v king_n sancho_n want_v not_o good_a will_n to_o assist_v the_o arragonian_n but_o that_o he_o be_v take_v up_o with_o the_o war_n in_o andaluzia_n where_o 〈◊〉_d moor_n as_o be_v say_v before_o have_v â—â—yed_v siege_n to_o xerez_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n king_n sancho_n be_v my_o of_o put_v all_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o only_o pass_v between_o sevil_n and_o nebrixa_n always_o in_o a_o readiness_n to_o cut_v off_o the_o party_n of_o moor_n that_o make_v incursion_n raise_v into_o the_o country_n thus_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o 6_o month_n the_o moor_n raise_v their_o camp_n from_o before_o xerez_n be_v iâ—â—ent_v of_o all_o necessary_n and_o fear_v lest_o king_n sancho_n shall_v offer_v they_o battle_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n guadalete_fw-la rather_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o flight_n than_o a_o retreat_n one_o ask_v of_o the_o moorish_a king_n the_o reason_n why_o he_o show_v so_o much_o 〈◊〉_d and_o he_o answer_v i_o be_o the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o family_n of_o bar-ameda_a to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n my_o enemy_n be_v descend_v from_o above_o 40_o king_n which_o in_o battle_n will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a terror_n to_o i_o and_o a_o mighty_a encouragement_n to_o he_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o good_a opportunity_n to_o pursue_v the_o infidel_n but_o king_n sancho_n be_v for_o the_o safe_a rather_o than_o dangerous_a counsel_n therefore_o have_v repair_v and_o revictual_v xerez_n he_o return_v 〈◊〉_d notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n mutter_v they_o lose_v a_o great_a opportunity_n of_o destroy_v â—â—_o enemy_n ambassador_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n and_o at_o last_o they_o have_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o guadalquivir_n other_o say_v at_o râ—â—aserrada_n there_o 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march_n go_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ambush_n be_v lay_v with_o only_o 300_o horse_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n the_o party_n meet_v and_o there_o ensue_v a_o desperate_a fight_n the_o arragonian_n be_v the_o great_a number_n but_o the_o french_a make_v the_o 〈…〉_z bravery_n and_o dexterity_n the_o king_n do_v all_o that_o can_v be_v expect_v of_o a_o wise_a commandeâ—_n and_o resolute_a soldier_n he_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o head_n and_o endeavour_v then_o to_o get_v off_o a_o 〈◊〉_d man_n seize_v his_o horse_n reins_o and_o have_v take_v he_o have_v he_o not_o with_o his_o sword_n cut_v the_o râ—ins_n and_o flee_v this_o write_v villancus_fw-la who_o give_v occasion_n to_o other_o to_o commit_v the_o same_o error_n for_o all_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o arragon_n affirm_v the_o king_n come_v off_o without_o hurt_n that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o stain_n be_v 〈◊〉_d both_o side_n though_o the_o french_a be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n thus_o 〈…〉_z author_n to_o vary_v the_o season_n be_v very_o hot_a bring_v the_o plague_n into_o the_o 〈…〉_z camp_n and_o yet_o the_o besiege_a hearing_n of_o this_o defeat_n and_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o relief_n 〈…〉_z condition_n they_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o depart_v whither_o they_o french_a please_v and_o to_o take_v 〈…〉_z as_o much_o of_o their_o good_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o carry_v much_o cruelty_n be_v use_v 〈◊〉_d they_o that_o surrender_v and_o even_o the_o church_n be_v profane_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o s._n narcissus_n who_o be_v patrâ—â—_n of_o that_o city_n and_o theâ—_n reverence_v with_o singular_a devotion_n be_v spoil_v of_o all_o the_o riches_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o carry_v away_o the_o plague_n increase_v which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o judgement_n for_o that_o sacrilege_n and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o french_a resolve_v
though_o he_o have_v a_o obligation_n lay_v upon_o he_o to_o continue_v loyal_a favour_v the_o enemy_n prince_n henry_n grow_v peevish_a by_o his_o long_a imprisonment_n and_o use_v to_o evil_a practice_n study_v how_o to_o get_v the_o government_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o affront_n that_o the_o late_a king_n have_v make_v no_o mention_n of_o he_o in_o his_o will._n he_o first_o hold_v private_a cabal_n at_o berlanga_n then_o begin_v to_o act_v more_o open_o many_o town_n declare_v for_o he_o and_o particular_o the_o royal_a city_n burgos_n the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n assemble_v at_o valladolid_n where_o the_o nobility_n declare_v so_o much_o in_o favour_n of_o prince_n henry_n that_o though_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n 〈◊〉_d thither_o they_o will_v not_o admit_v they_o into_o the_o city_n till_o it_o be_v late_a and_o they_o have_v leave_v their_o retinue_n behind_o here_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o prince_n henry_n shall_v govern_v the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o queen_n have_v the_o education_n of_o the_o king_n to_o who_o nevertheless_o castille_n they_o all_o again_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n king_n sancho_n by_o his_o will_n leave_v the_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n as_o gain_v in_o war_n to_o his_o son_n prince_n henry_n james_n lopez_n de_fw-fr haro_n break_v into_o that_o province_n by_o the_o way_n of_o navarre_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o place_n except_o balmaseda_n and_o orduna_n the_o two_o brother_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lara_n lay_v aside_o their_o enmity_n with_o the_o house_n of_o haro_n join_v with_o he_o in_o hatred_n to_o prince_n henry_n who_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v shall_v govern_v the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o king_n will_n which_o name_v one_o of_o they_o prince_n john_n the_o king_n uncle_n who_o have_v stay_v till_o then_o in_o africa_n come_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n aim_v at_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o castille_n think_v he_o have_v a_o better_a title_n than_o his_o brother_n king_n sancho_n for_o that_o the_o present_a king_n ferdinand_n be_v not_o bear_v in_o lawful_a wedlock_n it_o be_v wonderful_a to_o see_v how_o many_o revolt_a upon_o this_o account_n which_o give_v he_o a_o opportunity_n of_o seize_v alcantara_n and_o other_o place_n on_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n king_n denis_n of_o portugal_n be_v so_o earnest_a for_o he_o that_o at_o the_o time_n the_o cortes_n be_v hold_v at_o valladolid_n he_o send_v to_o declare_v against_o castille_n a_o great_a storm_n threaten_v on_o that_o side_n but_o no_o less_o be_v on_o the_o other_o for_o at_o bordalva_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o hariza_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr cerda_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n meet_v there_o on_o the_o 21th_o of_o january_n 1296_o they_o agree_v upon_o the_o follow_a article_n that_o they_o join_v their_o force_n in_o order_n to_o restore_v d._n alonso_n to_o his_o grandfather_n kingdom_n that_o 1296_o castille_n the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n galicia_n and_o sevil_n to_o prince_n john_n cuenca_n alarcon_n moya_n and_o canete_n to_o prince_n peter_n of_o arragon_n for_o his_o service_n as_o general_n of_o that_o expedition_n in_o this_o league_n be_v include_v queen_n violante_n grandmother_n to_o d._n alonso_n the_o king_n of_o france_n portugal_n and_o granada_n and_o soon_o after_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n in_o hope_n of_o recover_v 〈…〉_z on_o the_o other_o side_n through_o the_o queen_n industry_n d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n be_v reconcile_v the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o be_v go_v to_o the_o arragonian_n add_v his_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n by_o these_o mean_v other_o great_a man_n be_v gain_v particular_o d._n john_n alonso_n de_fw-fr haro_n give_v he_o cameros_n which_o he_o have_v a_o right_n to_o the_o army_n of_o arragon_n under_o the_o command_n of_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n and_o prince_n peter_n of_o arragon_n enter_v castille_n in_o april_n at_o baltanas_n prince_n john_n and_o d._n john_n nunz_n de_fw-fr lara_n join_v they_o they_o march_v without_o any_o let_v as_o far_o as_o the_o city_n leon_n former_o great_a and_o rich_a then_o poor_a and_o unprovided_a and_o therefore_o be_v easy_o surrender_v the_o soon_o for_o that_o some_o citizen_n hold_v correspondence_n with_o the_o enemy_n there_o prince_n john_n be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o leon_n galicia_n and_o sevil._n soon_o after_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n proclaim_v king_n galicia_n of_o castille_n at_o sahagun_n thence_o they_o march_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o mayorga_n which_o be_v five_o league_n from_o sadagun_fw-ge the_o town_n be_v strong_a and_o well_o garrison_v defend_v itself_o brave_o and_o the_o siege_n last_v till_o august_n mean_v while_o the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n be_v summon_v to_o meet_v at_o valladolid_n the_o first_o that_o appear_v be_v prince_n henry_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o alight_v without_o change_v his_o ride_v apparel_n go_v to_o the_o queen_n then_o at_o mass_n in_o the_o castle_n after_o the_o usual_a reverence_n with_o a_o feign_a sorrow_n he_o lay_v before_o her_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o urge_v how_o little_a defence_n there_o be_v in_o a_o woman_n a_o child_n and_o a_o old_a man_n then_o advise_v she_o to_o marry_v the_o prince_n of_o arragon_n by_o who_o she_o may_v be_v protect_v and_o the_o crown_n defend_v the_o queen_n put_v he_o away_o with_o sign_n of_o displeasure_n affirm_v she_o will_v rely_v on_o god_n and_o not_o use_v any_o dishonourable_a mean_n for_o her_o preservation_n thus_o prince_n henry_n design_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n about_o 4000_o horse_n be_v levy_v but_o prince_n henry_n can_v not_o be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o march_v with_o they_o and_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o mayorga_n excuse_v himself_o with_o the_o war_n in_o andaluzia_n yet_o they_o march_v to_o zamora_n to_o settle_v that_o place_n then_o waver_v in_o its_o duty_n to_o the_o king_n the_o length_n of_o the_o siege_n allay_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o besieger_n and_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o wether_n together_o with_o the_o want_n of_o all_o necessary_n cause_v much_o sickness_n among_o they_o these_o thing_n and_o the_o death_n of_o their_o general_n prince_z peter_z of_o arragon_n oblige_v they_o to_o return_v home_o much_o weak_a than_o they_o set_v out_o at_o their_o first_o enter_v castille_n they_o consist_v of_o 1000_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 50000_o soldier_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v better_a success_n in_o murcia_n for_o he_o take_v the_o city_n of_o that_o name_n and_o all_o other_o place_n about_o it_o arragonian_n except_o the_o town_n of_o lorca_n alcala_n and_o mula_n which_o hold_v out_o for_o king_n ferdinand_n in_o all_o these_o danger_n and_o trouble_n prince_n henry_n who_o govern_v castille_n act_v nothing_o for_o either_o side_n but_o seem_v to_o stand_v neuter_n so_o that_o he_o oblige_v not_o the_o enemy_n and_o draw_v on_o himself_o the_o hatred_n of_o all_o man_n who_o lay_v the_o blame_v of_o all_o the_o loss_n sustain_v to_o his_o charge_n the_o queen_n wink_v at_o these_o practice_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o some_o man_n of_o note_n do_v not_o spare_v to_o upbraid_v he_o therewith_o the_o chief_a of_o these_o be_v alonso_n perez_n de_fw-fr gusman_n who_o brave_o defend_v the_o frontier_n of_o andaluzia_n and_o more_o than_o any_o oppose_v the_o design_n of_o prince_n henry_n with_o a_o body_n of_o man_n he_o gather_v the_o prince_n march_v to_o andaluzia_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v think_v altogether_o idle_a and_o in_o a_o skirmish_n he_o have_v with_o the_o moor_n near_o arjona_n be_v defeat_v and_o in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v take_v his_o reins_o be_v cut_v so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o guide_v his_o horse_n alonso_z perez_n de_fw-fr gusman_n in_o that_o danger_n furnish_v he_o with_o another_o horse_n on_o which_o he_o escape_v after_o this_o rencounter_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v propose_v to_o the_o moor_n the_o king_n of_o granada_n demand_v tarifa_n offer_v in_o lieu_n of_o it_o 22_o castle_n 20000_o crown_n in_o ready_a money_n and_o to_o advance_v the_o usual_a tribute_n of_o four_o year_n prince_n henry_n approve_v of_o these_o condition_n because_o of_o the_o present_a necessity_n and_o want_v of_o mony_n alonso_n perez_n de_fw-fr gusman_n violent_o oppose_v it_o this_o difference_n be_v heighten_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o the_o moor_n be_v join_v by_o some_o christian_n besiege_v lay_v siege_n to_o that_o city_n alonso_z de_fw-fr gusman_n have_v not_o a_o sufficient_a force_n his_o man_n desert_v and_o those_o be_v his_o enemy_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v protect_v he_o in_o
this_o condition_n he_o resolve_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o foreigner_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v a_o declare_a enemy_n of_o castille_n therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o try_v whether_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n will_v relieve_v he_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o write_v to_o he_o beg_v his_o assistance_n and_o ponder_v how_o great_a a_o service_n it_o be_v to_o christendom_n and_o how_o much_o honour_n will_v redound_v to_o he_o by_o so_o noble_a a_o action_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n answer_v extol_v his_o loyalty_n but_o as_o to_o relief_n say_v he_o can_v send_v none_o for_o that_o he_o have_v but_o just_a before_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o moor_n and_o can_v not_o in_o honour_n break_v his_o word_n another_o war_n break_v out_o at_o the_o same_o time_n from_o portugal_n that_o king_n castille_n march_v with_o his_o army_n as_o far_o as_o salamanca_n prince_n john_n king_n ferdinand_n uncle_n and_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n join_v he_o after_o the_o aragonian_a army_n return_v home_o have_v consult_v what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v it_o be_v think_v expedient_a to_o besiege_v valladolid_n where_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v with_o this_o resolution_n they_o advance_v to_o simancas_n within_o two_o league_n of_o that_o city_n there_o many_o gentleman_n desert_v the_o portuguese_n camp_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o shameful_a thing_n that_o a_o king_n shall_v be_v besiege_a by_o his_o subject_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n fear_v lest_o the_o rest_n shall_v do_v the_o same_o and_o secure_v the_o pass_n he_o may_v find_v it_o difficult_a to_o return_v home_o beside_o winter_n draw_v on_o march_v hasty_o to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n and_o thence_o to_o portugal_n dismiss_v his_o army_n the_o force_v the_o queen_n have_v prepare_v for_o this_o war_n go_v by_o her_o order_n to_o besiege_v the_o town_n of_o paredes_n nothing_o be_v do_v there_o for_o that_o prince_n henry_n with_o the_o force_n he_o have_v gather_v in_o castille_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n prevent_v their_o design_n he_o pretend_v it_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o disturb_v the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n then_o sit_v by_o bring_v the_o war_n so_o near_o to_o they_o but_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v disgu_v with_o the_o king_n and_o favour_v his_o enemy_n the_o queen_n dissemble_v and_o endeavour_v to_o gain_v he_o by_o favour_n give_v he_o at_o that_o same_o time_n the_o town_n of_o santislevaâ—_n de_fw-fr gormaz_n and_o 〈…〉_z by_o the_o same_o mean_n she_o draw_v to_o she_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n though_o no_o confidence_n â—ould_v be_v repose_v in_o he_o for_o he_o will_v have_v go_v over_o to_o the_o arragonian_n have_v they_o give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o albarazin_n the_o cortes_n be_v hold_v at_o valladolid_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1297._o and_o there_o be_v great_a 1297_o scarcity_n of_o money_n all_o place_n promise_v to_o furnish_v a_o great_a sum_n which_o they_o afterward_o perform_v money_n at_o the_o same_o time_n by_o the_o valour_n of_o john_n alonso_n de_fw-fr haro_n the_o navarrois_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n who_o have_v surprise_v part_n of_o the_o town_n of_o najara_n design_v to_o recover_v those_o part_n they_o have_v old_a pretension_n to_o and_o particular_o the_o territory_n of_o rioja_n d._n jayme_n king_n of_o arragon_n at_o rome_n whither_o he_o be_v call_v by_o the_o pope_n be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o sardinia_n and_o corsica_n corsica_n thither_o go_v from_o sicily_n constance_n his_o mother_n violante_n his_o sister_n roger_n lauria_fw-la the_o admiral_n and_o john_n prochita_n a_o match_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o the_o lady_n violante_n and_o robert_n duke_n of_o calabria_n heir_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o nuptial_n be_v perform_v with_o great_a state_n pope_n boniface_n himself_z officiate_a king_n frederick_n prepare_v to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n which_o have_v be_v give_v he_o by_o so_o general_a a_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n war_n be_v declare_v against_o he_o as_o the_o disturber_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o christendom_n and_o his_o brother_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n appoint_v generalissimo_n all_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n return_v home_o to_o prepare_v for_o the_o war._n rogor_n lauria_fw-la be_v send_v to_o naples_n to_o serve_v that_o king_n queen_n constance_n and_o john_n prochita_n weary_a of_o so_o many_o trouble_n and_o pity_v the_o unfortunate_a state_n of_o sicily_n stay_v at_o rome_n some_o say_v they_o both_o die_v there_o but_o most_o author_n agree_v she_o end_v her_o day_n five_o year_n after_o at_o barcelona_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n francis_n where_o there_o be_v a_o tomb_n to_o this_o day_n with_o a_o inscription_n and_o her_o name_n chap._n ii_o peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n settle_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o double_a allyance_n betwixt_o those_o prince_n the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n in_o sicily_n the_o jubilee_n first_o institute_v bilbao_n build_v and_o prince_n john_n reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v return_v home_o the_o town_n of_o lerida_n vlia_n filera_n and_o salvatierra_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o navarre_n in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o article_n make_v at_o agnani_fw-la not_o fulfil_v till_o then_o alonso_z ronco_n a_o frenchman_n be_v viceroy_n of_o navarre_n in_o the_o year_n 1298._o the_o city_n albarazin_n be_v take_v from_o the_o king_n of_o aragon_n bastard_n brother_n 1298._o and_o restore_v to_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n on_o pretence_n of_o do_v he_o justice_n but_o indeed_o to_o draw_v over_o that_o powerful_a man._n d._n john_n take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n at_o valencia_n on_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o april_n this_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n do_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o to_o invade_v at_o once_o castille_n and_o sicily_n attempt_v too_o great_a for_o his_o power_n the_o king_n of_o sicily_n forsake_v on_o all_o side_n be_v most_o expose_v to_o ruin_n he_o of_o castille_n be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o two_o match_n that_o be_v conclude_v the_o one_o be_v betwixt_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o constance_z reconcile_v the_o daughter_n of_o king_n denis_n though_o she_o be_v under_o age._n they_o be_v contract_v with_o great_a solemnity_n at_o alcaniz_n a_o town_n on_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n and_o the_o public_a joy_n be_v the_o great_a for_o that_o blanch_n king_n ferdinand_n sister_n be_v marry_v to_o prince_n alonso_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o king_n denis_n though_o but_o eight_o year_n old_a which_o be_v the_o other_o match_n the_o bride_n be_v deliver_v to_o her_o father-in-law_n and_o carry_v to_o portugal_n so_o eager_a be_v the_o castilian_n upon_o secure_v of_o peace_n that_o though_o nothing_o be_v give_v in_o dower_n by_o the_o portuguesse_fw-mi with_o his_o daughter_n king_n ferdinand_n with_o his_o sister_n give_v the_o town_n of_o olivença_n conguela_fw-mi and_o campo_n de_fw-fr moya_n which_o be_v no_o small_a disgrace_n to_o castille_n but_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o time_n excuse_v it_o all_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n do_v be_v to_o send_v 300_o choose_a horse_n under_o the_o command_n of_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr albuquerque_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n against_o prince_n john_n his_o uncle_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o leon_n but_o all_o this_o come_v to_o nothing_o and_o those_o horse_n return_v to_o portugal_n as_o they_o come_v d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n on_o the_o other_o side_n have_v take_v almazan_n and_o other_o town_n upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o arragon_n and_o garrison_v they_o siguença_o be_v attack_v by_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lura_n but_o defend_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o citizen_n the_o conspirator_n want_v money_n and_o therefore_o lest_o provision_n and_o the_o soldier_n pay_v shall_v fail_v they_o coin_v some_o but_o of_o base_a alloy_n denis_n king_n of_o portugal_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o son-in-law_n bring_v a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o his_o assistance_n by_o the_o way_n of_o cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n but_o be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o peace_n than_o that_o time_n will_v bear_v he_o return_v to_o portugal_n dissatisfy_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o disgust_n be_v that_o he_o will_v have_v the_o province_n of_o galicia_n give_v to_o prince_n john_n who_o call_v himself_o king_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v keep_v the_o city_n leon_n during_o his_o life_n the_o queen_n and_o nobility_n of_o castille_n will_v not_o consent_v to_o those_o condition_n as_o dishonourable_a and_o prejudicial_a upon_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n return_n some_o noble_n of_o castille_n who_o fear_v before_o awe_v begin_v to_o revolt_n but_o the_o great_a wisdom_n of_o the_o queen_n pacify_v they_o give_v every_o one_o as_o much_o as_o
he_o can_v expect_v to_o gain_v by_o rebel_a sicily_n be_v now_o distress_a with_o war._n roger_n lauria_fw-la serve_v the_o french_a and_o fortune_n seem_v sicily_n to_o incline_v to_o the_o side_n he_o take_v many_o town_n in_o italy_n be_v take_v by_o his_o conduct_n whereupon_o in_o sicily_n he_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o a_o great_a estate_n that_o have_v be_v give_v he_o for_o his_o good_a service_n be_v confiscate_v soon_o after_o have_v take_v the_o city_n cantazara_n in_o calabria_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n he_o be_v overthow_v in_o battle_n by_o a_o much_o less_o number_n of_o the_o enemy_n many_o of_o his_o man_n slay_v and_o the_o rest_n escape_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n his_o too_o great_a contempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o face_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o misfortune_n roger_n lauria_fw-la himself_n be_v wound_v lurk_v about_o some_o time_n till_o he_o make_v his_o escape_n into_o arragon_n meditate_v revenge_n be_v the_o more_o sensible_a of_o this_o disgrace_n for_o that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o befall_v he_o from_o arragon_n the_o king_n and_o roger_n lauria_fw-la set_v sail_n with_o a_o mighty_a fleet_n in_o which_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 80_o galley_n they_o go_v direct_o to_o rome_n where_o the_o pope_n blessed_v their_o standard_n and_o give_v they_o his_o benediction_n at_o naples_n robert_n duke_n of_o calabria_n join_v they_o with_o another_o squadron_n they_o scour_v the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n where_o at_o first_o they_o find_v less_o opposition_n than_o have_v be_v expect_v the_o city_n patti_n and_o some_o other_o place_n about_o it_o be_v take_v then_o turn_v cape_n milazzo_n near_o mecina_n and_o pass_v the_o straight_a they_o come_v to_o the_o city_n siracusa_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o whilst_o the_o force_n of_o arragon_n be_v employ_v at_o that_o siege_n the_o people_n of_o patti_n run_v to_o arm_n expel_v the_o garrison_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o arragonian_n john_n lauria_fw-la be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n with_o 20_o galley_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_v and_o furnish_v they_o with_o provision_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n but_o as_o he_o return_v be_v beat_v by_o the_o mecinese_n who_o lie_v in_o wait_n for_o he_o with_o a_o squadron_n in_o the_o straight_a and_o he_o with_o 16_o of_o his_o galley_n take_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o disaster_n be_v thus_o the_o sicilian_n be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o that_o swell_a and_o rapid_a streight_n where_o they_o fight_v which_o be_v betwixt_o italy_n and_o sicily_n siracusa_n hold_v out_o brave_o be_v encourage_v by_o king_n frederick_n who_o lie_v not_o far_o off_o wait_v to_o lay_v hold_n on_o any_o advantage_n that_o arragonian_n shall_v offer_v thus_o the_o arragonian_n be_v constrain_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n have_v lose_v 18000_o man_n by_o sickness_n at_o mecina_n john_n lauria_fw-la be_v try_v and_o condemn_v as_o a_o traitor_n and_o have_v his_o head_n cut_v off_o roger_n lauria_fw-la rave_v with_o passion_n know_v that_o affront_n be_v offer_v to_o he_o but_o can_v not_o then_o seek_v revenge_n be_v go_v into_o spain_n with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o winter_n be_v over_o they_o both_o return_v to_o sicily_n with_o a_o great_a fleet_n than_o before_o robert_n and_o philip_n the_o king_n of_o naples_n his_o two_o son_n join_v they_o by_o the_o way_n they_o sail_v together_o to_o cape_n orlando_n near_o the_o city_n patti_n the_o fleet_n consist_v of_o 56_o galley_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o vessel_n king_n frederick_n find_v his_o man_n in_o heart_n since_o their_o last_o success_n though_o inferior_a in_o strength_n not_o have_v above_o 40_o galley_n resolve_v to_o fight_n but_o be_v defeat_v several_a of_o his_o galley_n take_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n roger_n lauria_fw-la in_o revenge_n for_o his_o sea_n cousin_n use_v great_a cruelty_n towards_o the_o prisoner_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o and_o among_o other_o conrade_z lança_o a_o man_n of_o note_n which_o draw_v the_o catalonian_o into_o great_a hatred_n king_n frederick_n himself_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n for_o after_o a_o brave_a defence_n he_o faint_v away_o and_o yet_o his_o man_n bring_v off_o his_o galley_n which_o with_o a_o few_o other_o get_v into_o mecina_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n return_v into_o spain_n be_v call_v by_o his_o people_n but_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v offend_v at_o he_o that_o memorable_a battle_n be_v fight_v on_o a_o saturday_n be_v the_o four_o of_o july_n 1299._o the_o same_o year_n die_v at_o rome_n gonçalo_n cardinal_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n as_o appear_v 1299_o by_o the_o inscription_n on_o his_o tomb_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n marry_o the_o great_a in_o that_o city_n d._n gonçalo_n the_o iiid_n his_o nephew_n succeed_v he_o the_o french_a who_o remain_v in_o sicily_n to_o prosecute_v their_o victory_n divide_v their_o force_n robert_n and_o roger_n lauria_fw-la lay_v siege_n to_o rendazzo_n a_o strong_a place_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o patti_n and_o catanea_n philip_n duke_n of_o taranto_n go_v with_o part_n of_o the_o fleet_n to_o scour_v the_o coast_n about_o cape_n trapana_n king_n frederick_n come_v upon_o he_o so_o unexpected_o that_o he_o be_v defeat_v and_o take_v prisoner_n which_o occasion_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n and_o those_o two_o nation_n conclude_v a_o alliance_n as_o fortunate_a as_o the_o war_n have_v be_v destructive_a it_o be_v now_o the_o last_o year_n of_o this_o century_n viz._n 1300._o remarkable_a for_o the_o jubilee_n first_o institute_v 1300_o by_o pope_n boniface_n who_o ordain_v that_o every_o hundred_o year_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o full_a remission_n institute_v of_o sin_n to_o all_o those_o that_o visit_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n clement_n the_o vith_o reduce_v it_o to_o every_o 50_o year_n and_o afterward_o sixtus_n the_o ivth_o consider_v the_o shortness_n of_o man_n life_n to_o 25._o in_o biscay_n this_o year_n be_v build_v the_o famous_a city_n bilbao_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n ibaisebolo_fw-it build_v two_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n a_o place_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bermeo_n all_o remove_v thither_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n found_v a_o university_n at_o lerida_n navarre_n enjoy_v a_o perfect_a peace_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o viceroy_n alonso_n roleedo_n who_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o queen_n of_o castille_n then_o at_o valladolid_n to_o demand_v restitution_n of_o all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o atapuerca_n a_o town_n near_o burgos_n allege_v it_o appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o navarre_n and_o have_v be_v wrongful_o possess_v by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n the_o queen_n entertain_v the_o ambassador_n noble_o but_o give_v they_o no_o satisfactory_a answer_n whereupon_o they_o repair_v to_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n and_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o have_v in_o vain_a attempt_v valencia_n be_v retire_v to_o duenas_n d._n alonso_n have_v hear_v the_o ambassador_n easy_o grant_v what_o he_o have_v not_o and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v send_v to_o france_n to_o desire_v succour_n little_o be_v do_v in_o that_o matter_n though_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n and_o his_o brother_n both_o follow_v d._n john_n into_o france_n for_o they_o get_v nothing_o but_o good_a word_n and_o leave_v to_o raise_v man_n in_o navarre_n the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n in_o flanders_n they_o according_o form_v a_o body_n in_o navarre_n and_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o calahorra_n be_v rout_v by_o d._n john_n alonso_n de_fw-fr haro_n lord_n of_o cameros_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v take_v and_o can_v not_o be_v release_v till_o he_o deliver_v up_o all_o the_o town_n he_o hold_v for_o the_o king_n and_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n make_v use_v of_o this_o occasion_n to_o take_v from_o he_o the_o town_n of_o albarazin_n he_o have_v before_o give_v he_o 1301_o prince_n john_n the_o king_n uncle_n submit_v himself_o in_o the_o year_n 1301._o upon_o these_o condition_n viz._n that_o he_o shall_v forbear_v still_v himself_o king_n and_o restore_v all_o place_n take_v during_o the_o war_n k._n that_o he_o shall_v leave_v the_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n to_o which_o he_o pretend_v a_o title_n by_o his_o wife_n to_o d._n james_n lopez_n de_fw-fr haro_n that_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o town_n of_o medina_n de_fw-fr ruyseco_n castronuno_n mansilla_n paredes_n and_o cebreros_n be_v give_v he_o to_o support_v his_o dignity_n chap._n iii_o of_o raimundus_n lullus_n and_o the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n the_o marriage_n of_o king_n
that_o victory_n some_o slave_n also_o be_v give_v he_o and_o he_o return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n bear_v he_o company_n as_o far_o as_o caçalla_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr sierra_n a_o present_n be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n then_o at_o avignon_n of_o 100_o horse_n each_o carry_v a_o scimitar_n and_o buckler_n hang_v at_o the_o pummel_n of_o the_o saddle_n 24_o colour_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o royal_a standard_n and_o the_o horse_n upon_o which_o king_n alonso_n charge_v the_o cardinal_n come_v out_o of_o town_n to_o meet_v john_n martinez_n de_fw-fr leyva_n the_o ambassador_n the_o pope_n himself_o after_o say_v a_o thanksgiving_n mass_n speak_v much_o in_o commendation_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n appoint_v giles_n bocanegra_n a_o genoese_a admiral_n give_v he_o in_o charge_n to_o secure_v the_o straits_n mouth_n lest_o the_o moor_n shall_v return_v this_o be_v do_v to_o oblige_v the_o genoeses_n that_o they_o may_v not_o recall_v their_o galley_n as_o the_o arragonian_n and_o portugueses_n have_v though_o they_o soon_o after_o send_v they_o again_o more_o in_o number_n than_o at_o first_o it_o be_v moor_n fear_v the_o moor_n have_v recruit_v their_o army_n will_v return_v in_o spring_n this_o danger_n be_v over_o all_o man_n thought_n be_v bend_v upon_o whole_o drive_v the_o moor_n out_o of_o spain_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o raise_v money_n for_o all_o that_o be_v take_v have_v be_v expend_v in_o gratify_v and_o pay_v the_o soldier_n and_o the_o king_n be_v in_o great_a want_n only_o the_o merchant_n be_v rich_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v exhaust_v with_o tax_n at_o ellerena_n and_o madrid_n a_o extraordinary_a subsidy_n be_v grant_v but_o it_o be_v small_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o press_a necessity_n of_o the_o crown_n however_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1341_o the_o army_n have_v 1341_o rendezvous'd_v at_o cordova_n enter_v the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n some_o ship_n be_v send_v load_v with_o provision_n to_o divert_v the_o enemy_n as_o if_o it_o be_v design_v to_o besiege_v malaga_n the_o moor_n supply_v that_o place_n with_o all_o necessary_n and_o the_o king_n on_o a_o sudden_a set_v down_o before_o alcalà _fw-fr la_fw-fr real_a which_o surrender_v on_o the_o 26_o of_o august_n upon_o condition_n the_o inhabitant_n may_v free_o depart_v after_o this_o priego_n rute_n benanècir_n and_o several_a other_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v take_v then_o the_o army_n be_v send_v into_o winter-quarter_n leave_v sufficient_a garrison_n upon_o the_o frontier_n all_o the_o king_n thought_n be_v fix_v upon_o besiegeing_n algezira_n and_o raise_v mony_n he_o be_v advise_v to_o lay_v a_o duty_n upon_o merchandise_n which_o then_o seem_v easy_a yet_o afterward_o be_v find_v to_o be_v attend_v with_o some_o inconvenience_n this_o advice_n be_v approve_v of_o the_o king_n go_v away_o for_o burgos_n leave_v the_o care_n of_o the_o frontier_n to_o the_o master_n of_o santiago_n he_o keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o valladolid_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1342_o the_o king_n summon_v 1342_o many_o prelate_n and_o noble_n to_o burgos_n particular_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o bishop_n of_o burgos_n and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n that_o they_o may_v gain_v the_o other_o at_o they_o and_o the_o king_n instance_n the_o people_n of_o burgos_n grant_v the_o king_n the_o 20_o part_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v sell_v towards_o the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n but_o this_o only_a during_o the_o siege_n of_o algezira_n this_o example_n set_v by_o burgos_n be_v follow_v by_o leon_n and_o most_o of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n this_o new_a imposition_n be_v call_v alcavala_n a_o word_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o people_n be_v not_o a_o little_a encourage_v to_o grant_v this_o new_a duty_n by_o the_o news_n bring_v that_o the_o moor_n have_v be_v defeat_v at_o sea_n at_o ceuta_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n there_o lay_v 83_o galley_n in_o order_n to_o renew_v the_o war_n and_o 12_o more_o in_o the_o port_n of_o bullon_n these_o last_o be_v destroy_v by_o 10_o of_o we_o that_o surprise_v they_o before_o they_o can_v join_v the_o main_a fleet._n afterward_o the_o whole_a fleet_n of_o sea_n the_o infidel_n be_v overthrow_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n guadameçil_n after_o a_o bloody_a fight_n 25_o galley_n be_v take_v and_o sink_v and_o both_o the_o admiral_n of_o africa_n and_o granada_n kill_v the_o galley_n of_o arragon_n be_v not_o in_o this_o action_n but_o they_o come_v from_o home_n defeat_v 13_o galley_n of_o the_o enemy_n lade_v with_o provision_n near_a estepona_n take_v four_o and_o sink_v two_o of_o they_o the_o rest_n flee_v into_o africa_n both_o sea_n and_o land_n favour_v the_o christian_n the_o victory_n at_o guadameçil_n have_v be_v great_a have_v the_o moor_n be_v assail_v by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o the_o king_n haste_v towards_o xerez_n in_o order_n to_o it_o there_o the_o news_n of_o the_o victory_n overtake_v he_o a_o accident_n cause_v the_o battle_n to_o be_v give_v so_o soon_o for_o three_o of_o our_o ship_n be_v leave_v aground_o upon_o the_o ebb_n the_o moor_n attack_v they_o and_o the_o christian_n come_v up_o to_o rescue_v they_o that_o bloody_a battle_n ensue_v chap._n v._o the_o siege_n and_o surrender_n of_o algezira_n the_o infidel_n attempt_v to_o murder_n king_n alonso_z of_o castille_n the_o earl_n of_o derby_n and_o salisbury_n come_v to_o his_o assistance_n out_o of_o england_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o faux_n out_o of_o france_n robert_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v the_o late_a success_n make_v all_o thing_n appear_v easy_a our_o fleet_n lie_v in_o the_o port_n of_o besiege_v xatarez_n near_o tarifa_n thither_o the_o king_n go_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o algezira_n by_o sea_n and_o find_v it_o a_o beautiful_a and_o spacious_a city_n the_o captive_n also_o affirm_v it_o be_v ill_o provide_v with_o corn_n he_o resolve_v to_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o his_o force_n we_o 〈◊〉_d â—ut_v small_a and_o he_o have_v no_o store_n of_o provision_n nevertheless_o he_o call_v together_o all_o the_o garrison_n of_o the_o neighbour_a place_n and_o summon_v many_o of_o the_o nobility_n to_o attend_v he_o the_o council_n of_o andaluzia_n furnish_v more_o than_o their_o usual_a quota_fw-la towards_o the_o war_n and_o the_o king_n go_v away_o to_o sevil_n to_o provide_v magazine_n 2000_o horse_n and_o about_o 5000_o foot_n be_v gather_v he_o set_v down_o before_o algezira_n on_o the_o three_o of_o august_n the_o galley_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n be_v to_o guard_v the_o sea_n for_o those_o of_o portugal_n after_o the_o victory_n of_o gaudameçil_n return_v home_o in_o the_o town_n be_v 800_o horse_n and_o 12000_o archer_n a_o force_n great_a enough_o to_o have_v give_v battle_n in_o open_a field_n they_o make_v often_o salley_n and_o skirmish_v with_o various_a success_n yet_o the_o tower_n of_o cartagena_n near_o the_o city_n be_v take_v from_o they_o one_o day_n the_o king_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v kill_v by_o a_o captive_n who_o strike_v at_o he_o with_o a_o dagger_n he_o snatch_v out_o of_o a_o soldier_n hand_n but_o such_o as_o be_v near_o interpose_v it_o be_v believe_v the_o siege_n will_v last_v long_o and_o therefore_o trench_n be_v â—â—ast_v up_o mean_a while_n to_o the_o king_n be_v great_a dissatisfaction_n in_o september_n the_o fleet_n of_o arragon_n go_v away_o on_o pretence_n of_o the_o war_n with_o majorca_n yet_o soon_o after_o upon_o the_o king_n of_o castile_n press_a instance_n 10_o galley_n be_v send_v he_o under_o the_o aragonian_a viceadmiral_n matthew_n mercero_n and_o again_o 10_o more_o under_o jayme_n escrivia_fw-la at_o this_o time_n die_v the_o master_n of_o santiago_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o much_o in_o the_o king_n favour_n that_o honour_n be_v give_v in_o the_o camp_n to_o frederick_n the_o king_n son_n though_o under_o age_n in_o october_n fall_v such_o great_a rain_n that_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o camp_n be_v spoil_v the_o army_n labour_v under_o many_o hardship_n especial_o want_v of_o money_n and_o the_o kingdom_n be_v exhaust_v the_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o borrow_v of_o pope_n clement_n the_o vith_o and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o portugal_n the_o king_n of_o france_n lend_v 50000_o ducat_n 20000_o down_n and_o the_o rest_n upon_o bill_n at_o genoa_n the_o pope_n give_v the_o 3d_o part_n of_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n these_o be_v but_o small_a sum_n yet_o the_o king_n resolution_n overcome_v all_o difficulty_n the_o besiege_v promise_v great_a reward_n castille_n to_o any_o that_o will_v undertake_v to_o murder_v the_o king_n and_o a_o moor_n blind_a of_o one_o eye_n be_v take_v and_o confess_v he_o and_o several_a other_o be_v out_o
about_o this_o time_n at_o exerica_n whither_o the_o king_n retire_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o plague_n the_o king_n have_v overcome_v the_o rebel_n of_o valencia_n make_v severe_a example_n of_o they_o to_o terrify_v other_o the_o knight_n of_o calatrava_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n be_v at_o variance_n and_o have_v choose_v two_o calatrava_n master_n one_o at_o calatrava_n the_o other_o at_o alcanizes_n garci_n lopez_n who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o order_n 20_o year_n before_o this_o time_n be_v accuse_v of_o nation_n crime_n and_o summon_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o answer_v for_o himself_o flee_v to_o arragon_n and_o garci_n lopez_n protect_v by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n reside_v at_o alcanices_n a_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o order_n and_o there_o support_v his_o authority_n though_o condemn_v as_o a_o rebel_n by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o depose_v from_o his_o mastership_n yet_o he_o exercise_v that_o power_n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr prado_n who_o be_v report_v to_o be_v bastard_z son_n to_o the_o lady_n blanch_n aunt_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o abbess_n of_o the_o monastrey_n of_o huelgas_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o place_n the_o cistercian_n abbot_n confirm_v this_o election_n yet_o the_o arragonian_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o it_o but_o garci_n lopez_n die_v make_v choice_n of_o alonso_n perez_n de_fw-fr toro_n and_o he_o be_v confirm_v by_o arnoldus_fw-la abbot_n of_o morimonte_n in_o france_n it_o be_v often_o endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o â—â—ights_n but_o can_v never_o be_v effect_v till_o now_o alonso_n perez_n die_v they_o of_o alcanizes_n elect_v john_n rodrigues_n before_o this_o last_o election_n be_v confirm_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n cause_v the_o two_o master_n of_o the_o order_n to_o meet_v at_o zaragoâ—a_n where_o their_o case_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n he_o give_v uudgment_n in_o favour_n of_o castille_n and_o john_n rodriguez_n be_v depose_v but_o have_v the_o chief_a commendâ—â—â—_n of_o alcanicez_fw-fr give_fw-mi he_o with_o jurisdiction_n over_o all_o the_o knight_n of_o that_o kingdom_n during_o by_o life_n at_o this_o time_n luis_n earl_n of_o clermont_n son_n to_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n call_v the_o disinherit_v be_v fit_v out_o a_o fleet_n in_o catalonia_n the_o pope_n have_v two_o year_n before_o give_v he_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o canary_n or_o fortunate_a island_n with_o the_o island_n title_n of_o king_n of_o they_o upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v cause_v the_o gospel_n to_o be_v preach_v to_o the_o barbarous_a inhabitant_n these_o island_n lie_v in_o the_o great_a atlantic_a ocean_n westward_o of_o africa_n they_o be_v 7_o in_o number_n and_o in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 27_o degree_n north._n the_o 〈…〉_z call_v ganaria_n whence_o the_o other_o take_v name_n they_o be_v very_o fruitful_a but_o be_v once_o almost_o destroy_v by_o rabbit_n which_o carry_v from_o the_o continent_n increase_v beyond_o measure_n the_o island_n call_v hierro_n have_v no_o other_o water_n than_o what_o distil_v from_o the_o leave_v of_o one_o tree_n d._n luis_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n in_o france_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o battle_n oâ—_n cressy_n in_o which_o philip_n of_o france_n be_v defeat_v by_o the_o english_a never_o go_v forward_o with_o this_o conquest_n about_o 50_o year_n after_o this_o time_n the_o biscainer_n and_o andaluzians_n set_v out_o a_o fleet_n to_o plunder_v these_o island_n and_o have_v bring_v a_o great_a booty_n from_o that_o call_v lançarote_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v a_o desire_n to_o conquer_v they_o but_o be_v divert_v by_o other_o thing_n some_o year_n after_o john_n betancour_n a_o frenchman_n with_o permission_n of_o henry_n the_o iiid_n of_o castille_n undertake_v the_o conquest_n upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v hold_v they_o off_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n he_o subdue_v the_o 5_o lesser_a island_n but_o can_v not_o conquer_v the_o two_o great_a a_o bishop_n call_v mendoza_n be_v send_v thither_o â—_o menautâ—_n heir_n to_o betancouâ—_n and_o this_o bishop_n be_v at_o dagger_n draw_v the_o former_a regard_v nothing_o but_o his_o interest_n and_o the_o latter_a not_o endure_v to_o see_v the_o poor_a islander_n oppress_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n hear_v of_o these_o disorder_n send_v one_o peter_n baâ—â—â—_n who_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o island_n and_o sell_v they_o to_o a_o gentleman_n call_v porâ—ca_n from_o 〈◊〉_d one_o 〈◊〉_d have_v they_o and_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o canaria_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o conquer_v grand_a canaria_n he_o sell_v four_o of_o the_o island_n to_o the_o catholic_n king_n ferdinand_n and_o retain_v gomera_n still_v himself_o earl_n of_o it_o king_n ferdinand_n conquer_v and_o annex_v all_o those_o island_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n let_v we_o return_v to_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1349_o the_o lady_n ellâ—nor_n elder_a sister_n â—o_o luâ—â—_n king_n 〈…〉_z be_v marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n with_o great_a pomp_n at_o valencia_n 1349_o chap._n vii_o the_o siege_n of_o gibraltar_n the_o king_n die_v and_o the_o siege_n be_v raise_v king_n peter_n succeed_v he_o the_o â—â—dy_n ellâ—nor_n de_fw-fr guzman_n kill_v some_o noble_n rebel_n and_o be_v subdue_v biscay_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n interview_n of_o king_n great_a confusion_n arise_v in_o africa_n about_o this_o time_n for_o abohacen_n the_o son_n of_o albohacen_n rebel_v against_o his_o father_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n in_o africa_n and_o of_o africa_n gibraltar_n ronda_n and_o all_o other_o place_n subject_a to_o the_o african_a crown_n in_o spain_n he_o blame_v his_o father_n for_o all_o the_o loss_n sustain_v in_o spain_n promise_v to_o reestablish_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o giddy_a multitude_n easy_o give_v â—ar_v to_o these_o speech_n and_o adhere_v to_o he_o these_o broâ—â—s_n among_o the_o 〈◊〉_d seem_v â—o_o offer_v the_o christian_n a_o opportunity_n of_o make_v their_o advantage_n but_o thâ—_n 〈…〉_z they_o use_v make_v for_o ten_o year_n obstruct_v it_o yet_o some_o plead_v that_o â—â—ey_n be_v abâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d from_o that_o oath_n because_o he_o be_v dead_a to_o who_o they_o make_v it_o interest_n be_v always_o more_o powerful_a than_o conscience_n money_n be_v want_v the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n be_v summon_v to_o alcalà _fw-fr de_fw-fr henares_n and_o many_o town_n be_v now_o allow_v to_o send_v their_o representative_n that_o have_v never_o that_o privilege_n before_o andalâ—zia_n and_o the_o kingdom_n alcalà _fw-fr of_o toledo_n use_v â—o_o be_v free_a from_o tax_n because_o they_o be_v at_o great_a expense_n in_o make_v good_a the_o frontier_n against_o the_o moor_n it_o be_v now_o labour_v they_o shall_v pay_v the_o duty_n that_o castille_n and_o lâ—on_n do_v for_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v sell_v in_o this_o assembly_n there_o rise_v a_o contest_v 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madrid_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n sevil_n granada_n murcia_n cordova_n and_o jaen_n in_o andaluzia_n among_o these_o burgos_n lâ—â—n_n granada_n sevil_n cordova_n murcia_n and_o jaen_n have_v precedence_n according_a to_o this_o order_n â—s_n be_v the_o head_n of_o kingdom_n toledo_n be_v apart_o as_o have_v be_v say_v above_o all_o other_o town_n and_o city_n sit_v promiscuous_o as_o they_o come_v at_o these_o cortes_n of_o alcala_n many_o other_o place_n have_v their_o representative_n the_o king_n bestow_v that_o honour_n 〈◊〉_d many_o to_o oblige_v the_o people_n here_o the_o king_n demand_v the_o alcavala_n or_o duty_n upon_o all_o thing_n sell_v which_o though_o with_o difficulty_n be_v grant_v and_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n vote_v according_o preparation_n be_v instant_o make_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n the_o army_n be_v assemble_v march_v into_o andaluzia_n and_o lay_v siege_n â—â—_o gibraltar_n cast_v up_o great_a work_n about_o the_o town_n and_o apply_v besiege_v their_o engine_n the_o
the_o king_n of_o navarre_n than_o a_o prisoner_n in_o france_n be_v solicit_v by_o both_o party_n but_o he_o will_v declare_v for_o neither_o though_o he_o rather_o incline_v to_o the_o aragonian_a incursion_n be_v make_v three_o several_a way_n into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n prince_n ferdinand_n of_o arragon_n hope_v that_o kingdom_n will_v rebel_v but_o he_o be_v deceive_v for_o they_o be_v terrify_v with_o punishment_n thus_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o at_o the_o end_n of_o august_n with_o great_a desolation_n of_o the_o country_n near_o the_o same_o time_n be_v the_o memorable_a battle_n of_o poitiers_n in_o france_n in_o which_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v discomfit_v by_o a_o small_a number_n of_o english_a poitiers_n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o young_a son_n philip_n take_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o nobility_n slay_v that_o famous_a battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 19_o of_o september_n 1356._o upon_o occasion_n of_o this_o defeat_n the_o king_n of_o navarre_n break_v prison_n and_o get_v to_o paris_n head_v the_o people_n against_o the_o dauphin_n 1356_o there_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n he_o complain_v of_o the_o wrong_n do_v he_o and_o plead_v his_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n as_o grandson_n to_o king_n luis_n hutin_n whereas_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v son_n to_o the_o lady_n elizabeth_n that_o king_n sister_n this_o have_v be_v a_o ground_n of_o new_a confusion_n but_o that_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n want_v power_n however_o he_o prevail_v so_o far_o as_o to_o have_v all_o that_o be_v his_o own_o restore_v to_o he_o with_o a_o addition_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o mascon_n and_o bigorre_n yet_o he_o can_v not_o obtain_v the_o earldom_n of_o champagne_n brie_n and_o burgundy_n to_o which_o he_o pretend_v to_o have_v right_a heny_n earl_n of_o trastamara_n escape_v from_o that_o fight_n flee_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v invite_v by_o he_o this_o be_v the_o first_o step_n he_o rise_v towards_o obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n it_o be_v agree_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o he_o that_o count_n henry_n shall_v renounce_v his_o country_n and_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o aragonian_a and_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v give_v he_o pay_v for_o 600_o horse_n and_o as_o many_o 1357_o foot_n who_o be_v to_o serve_v under_o he_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o year_n 1357_o the_o war_n go_v on_o with_o various_a success_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n the_o arigonians_n take_v alicant_n side_n the_o castilian_n embite_n and_o bordalva_n chief_a commander_n for_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v count_n henry_n d._n peter_n de_fw-fr exerica_n and_o count_n lope_n ferdnandez_n de_fw-fr luna_n for_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n d._n frederick_n master_n of_o santiago_n the_o two_o prince_n of_o arragon_n and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n those_o of_o arragon_n serve_v their_o master_n with_o great_a fidelity_n than_o those_o castille_n who_o at_o last_o be_v all_o draw_v over_o by_o the_o enemy_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n and_o alvar_n perez_n de_fw-fr gusman_n be_v the_o first_o that_o desert_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n remember_v the_o death_n of_o d._n alonso_n colonel_n who_o daughter_n they_o have_v marry_v and_o who_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o king_n order_n as_o also_o fear_v the_o king_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o da._n aldonça_o wife_n to_o alvar_n perez_n they_o flee_v to_o andaluzia_n hope_v to_o raise_v a_o rebellion_n there_o at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n lay_v siege_n to_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o border_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n call_v tebat_fw-la or_o as_o other_o write_v silamo_n there_o he_o receive_v the_o news_n that_o those_o gentleman_n be_v flee_v into_o andaluzia_n he_o pursue_v they_o a_o while_n but_o find_v it_o impossible_a to_o overtake_v they_o return_v to_o the_o war_n with_o more_o fury_n than_o before_o he_o take_v 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and_o gilos_n bocanegra_n the_o admiral_n from_o france_n come_v the_o earl_n of_o faux_n with_o many_o gentleman_n of_o note_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n his_o enemy_n the_o lord_n la_fw-fr brie_n come_v with_o a_o number_n of_o lance_n to_o king_n peter_n pope_n innocent_n legate_n the_o cardinal_n of_o bolonia_n send_v to_o that_o purpose_n labour_v much_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o peace_n and_o at_o last_o obtain_v a_o truce_n for_o 15_o month_n mean_a while_n bernard_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n and_o john_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr hinestrosa_n be_v appoint_v commissioner_n the_o first_o for_o arragon_n the_o other_o for_o castille_n to_o treat_v all_o place_n take_v on_o both_o side_n be_v deliver_v in_o trust_n to_o the_o cardinal_n legate_n who_o excommunicate_v he_o that_o shall_v offer_v to_o break_v the_o truce_n this_o agreement_n be_v make_v on_o the_o 18_o of_o may._n this_o month_n die_v alonso_n the_o iiid_n king_n of_o portugal_n aged_n 77_o year_n and_o a_o half_a he_o reign_v portugal_n 31_o year_n 5_o month_n and_o 20_o day_n and_o be_v bury_v by_o his_o queen_n beatrix_n in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o that_o city_n his_o son_n peter_n call_v the_o cruel_a succeed_v he_o about_o a_o month_n before_o he_o have_v a_o son_n bear_v to_o he_o of_o da._n teresa_n gallego_n who_o he_o keep_v after_o his_o father_n cause_v the_o lady_n agnes_n de_fw-fr castro_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n she_o be_v graceful_a but_o have_v no_o other_o good_a quality_n her_o son_n be_v call_v john_n to_o who_o heaven_n have_v reserve_v the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o its_o place_n the_o truce_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n the_o aragonian_a deliver_v up_o to_o the_o legate_n the_o place_n he_o have_v take_v be_v but_o few_o but_o king_n peter_n can_v never_o be_v induce_v to_o draw_v the_o soldier_n out_o of_o taraçona_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v house_n there_o he_o go_v away_o to_o sevil_n to_o settle_v andaluzia_n and_o set_v out_o a_o fleet_n to_o infest_v the_o coast_n of_o arragon_n for_o he_o neither_o expect_v nor_o desire_v peace_n at_o sevil_n he_o be_v so_o take_v with_o the_o lady_n aldonça_n colonel_n that_o he_o make_v no_o account_n of_o da._n maria_n de_fw-fr padilla_n the_o legate_n offend_v at_o his_o course_n of_o life_n excommunicate_v he_o and_o lay_v a_o interdict_v upon_o all_o castille_n this_o be_v a_o extravagant_a action_n of_o the_o legate_n therefore_o the_o pope_n call_v he_o out_o of_o spain_n all_o be_v contrive_v by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n to_o make_v king_n peter_n odious_a another_o displeasure_n befall_v he_o the_o lady_n joanna_n wife_n to_o count_n henry_n be_v convey_v into_o arragon_n to_o her_o husband_n by_o peter_n carillo_n a_o servant_n of_o he_o which_o cut_v off_o all_o hope_n of_o peace_n the_o other_o brother_n frederick_n and_o tello_n be_v willing_a to_o rebel_v but_o fear_v they_o can_v have_v nothing_o in_o arragon_n 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vain_a thence_o he_o sail_v to_o barcelona_n where_o he_o find_v 12_o galley_n of_o arragon_n which_o he_o twice_o attempt_v to_o carry_v off_o but_o can_v not_o because_o they_o lie_v near_o the_o shore_n and_o be_v brave_o defend_v by_o the_o catalonian_o thus_o disappoint_v he_o sail_v for_o the_o opposite_a island_n he_o land_v at_o yviça_n and_o though_o he_o assault_v the_o town_n of_o that_o name_n can_v not_o take_v it_o mean_o while_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n have_v gather_v 40_o galley_n sail_v over_o to_o majorca_n design_v to_o fight_v the_o castilian_a fleet._n the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o people_n stay_v in_o the_o island_n and_o send_v the_o fleet_n under_o the_o command_n of_o bernard_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n his_o admiral_n and_o the_o viscount_n to_o find_v out_o the_o enemy_n who_o leave_v yviça_n be_v come_v to_o calpe_n with_o the_o same_o resolution_n the_o aragonian_a fleet_n lie_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n that_o fall_v into_o the_o 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castille_n the_o tumult_n continue_v and_o consequent_o the_o poor_a people_n suffer_v but_o the_o king_n raise_v force_n such_o of_o the_o nobleman_n as_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o oppose_v he_o submit_v upon_o security_n give_v for_o their_o person_n there_o come_v first_o to_o court_v the_o archbishop_n of_o santiago_n and_o after_o he_o the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n they_o plead_v in_o their_o own_o defence_n the_o great_a power_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o promise_v to_o make_v amends_o for_o their_o fault_n by_o their_o future_a fidelity_n both_o be_v pardon_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o more_o to_o oblige_v the_o duke_n he_o have_v a_o pension_n of_o 500000_o maravedy_n allow_v he_o and_o the_o town_n of_o valencia_n submit_v in_o estremudura_n give_v he_o in_o lieu_n of_o the_o portion_n he_o be_v to_o have_v from_o portugal_n but_o upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v be_v accountable_a for_o as_o much_o of_o the_o king_n revenue_n as_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o last_o 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off_o and_o keep_v correspondence_n with_o the_o mutinous_a nobleman_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n be_v displease_v and_o this_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o embassy_n it_o happen_v the_o earl_n of_o trastamara_n under_o stand_v what_o be_v design_v against_o the_o queen_n go_v away_o from_o court_n to_o roa_n where_o she_o be_v to_o assist_v she_o that_o no_o violence_n shall_v be_v offer_v she_o his_o departure_n trouble_v the_o king_n fear_v new_a tumult_n and_o the_o more_o for_o that_o it_o be_v suspect_v he_o have_v communicate_v his_o design_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n who_o be_v therefore_o send_v for_o to_o court_n and_o be_v come_v be_v arrest_v and_o secure_v on_o the_o 25_o of_o july_n this_o do_v lest_o the_o queen_n and_o earl_n shall_v grow_v strong_a the_o king_n with_o the_o force_n he_o have_v prepare_v against_o the_o earl_n of_o gijon_n march_v hasty_o to_o roa_n the_o earl_n flee_v in_o time_n to_o galicia_n the_o queen_n understand_v the_o qulete_v danger_n she_o be_v in_o go_v out_o with_o her_o child_n in_o mourn_v to_o appease_v the_o king_n and_o excuse_v herself_o say_v she_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o the_o earl_n escape_v and_o can_v do_v no_o less_o than_o receive_v her_o brother_n who_o come_v to_o comfort_v she_o these_o excuse_n seem_v to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n yet_o he_o secure_v the_o town_n leave_v she_o the_o revenue_n and_o carry_v she_o to_o valladolid_n where_o she_o be_v keep_v under_o a_o guard_n that_o she_o may_v not_o fly_v mean_o while_o the_o earl_n of_o gijon_n fortify_v himself_o in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o king_n march_v speedy_o for_o asturias_n he_o take_v the_o city_n oviedo_n which_o hold_v for_o the_o earl_n and_o then_o advance_v and_o encamp_v before_o gijon_n the_o place_n can_v not_o be_v take_v by_o force_n because_o of_o its_o natural_a strength_n and_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o season_n and_o sickness_n in_o the_o army_n will_v not_o allow_v to_o lie_v long_o before_o it_o yet_o the_o labour_n be_v not_o quite_o lose_v for_o the_o earl_n of_o trastamara_n submit_v be_v pardon_v and_o come_v to_o the_o camp_n it_o be_v also_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o gijon_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v put_v garrison_n into_o all_o town_n of_o his_o estate_n except_o only_o that_o also_o that_o the_o earl_n shall_v appear_v in_o person_n before_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o by_o both_o party_n be_v appoint_v umpire_n betwixt_o they_o and_o shall_v stand_v by_o his_o judgement_n for_o security_n to_o performance_n 〈◊〉_d earl_n deliver_v his_o son_n henry_n as_o a_o hostage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n thus_o they_o lay_v down_o 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o kingdom_n be_v ease_v of_o a_o great_a trouble_n this_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o affair_n in_o castille_n when_o pope_n clement_n die_v at_o avignon_n on_o the_o 16_o continue_v of_o september_n all_o the_o christian_a prince_n by_o their_o ambassador_n require_v the_o cardinal_n not_o to_o proceed_v rash_o to_o another_o election_n but_o find_v out_o some_o method_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o schism_n which_o so_o long_o disturb_v christendom_n they_o resolve_v not_o to_o delay_v the_o election_n but_o to_o show_v they_o in_o some_o measure_n comply_v with_o those_o prince_n ordain_v that_o every_o cardinal_n shall_v positive_o swear_v that_o in_o case_n he_o be_v elect_v he_o will_v abdicate_v the_o papacy_n whensoever_o the_o pope_n at_o rome_n will_v do_v the_o same_o which_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o best_a expedient_a to_o unite_v christendom_n by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o 21_o cardinal_n who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o election_n d._n peter_n de_fw-fr luna_n cardinal_n of_o arragon_n be_v â—â—osen_v his_o birth_n be_v well_o know_v his_o learning_n famous_a in_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n beside_o many_o embassy_n in_o which_o he_o have_v be_v employ_v he_o be_v very_o dexterous_a in_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o all_o men._n in_o his_o papacy_n pope_n he_o be_v call_v benedict_n the_o xiiith_o on_o 〈◊〉_d choose_v he_o begin_v to_o think_v of_o remove_v his_o seat_n into_o italy_n without_o remember_v the_o oath_n 〈◊〉_d take_v or_o consider_v of_o mean_n to_o abdicate_v the_o papacy_n this_o much_o surprise_v the_o french_a a_o assembly_n of_o noble_n and_o prelate_n be_v hold_v at_o paris_n and_o there_o in_o order_n to_o curb_v the_o aspire_a thought_n of_o the_o new_a pope_n who_o they_o know_v be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o high_a spirit_n as_o he_o sufficient_o testify_v afterward_o they_o resolve_v to_o send_v some_o eminent_a person_n to_o represent_v to_o he_o the_o desire_n of_o france_n and_o the_o church_n in_o general_n the_o duke_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o boâ—rges_n be_v appoint_v embassadâ—â—â—_n these_o be_v come_v to_o avignâ—â—_n require_v he_o to_o restore_v â—eace_n to_o christendom_n to_o 〈◊〉_d the_o calamity_n câ—â—sed_v by_o that_o division_n in_o the_o church_n to_o remember_v his_o oath_n and_o particular_o press_v he_o to_o call_v a_o general_a council_n in_o which_o the_o prelate_n may_v determine_v what_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v in_o that_o case_n he_o answer_v he_o will_v upon_o no_o account_n for_o sake_n the_o church_n of_o the_o live_a god_n and_o quit_v the_o helm_n of_o s._n peter_n ship_n put_v into_o his_o hand_n this_o answer_n be_v no_o way_n please_v to_o those_o prince_n but_o see_v they_o can_v prevail_v no_o fâ—rther_o upon_o he_o they_o return_v home_o much_o offend_v as_o be_v their_o king_n and_o all_o the_o nation_n to_o appease_v the_o king_n the_o pope_n grant_v he_o the_o ten_o of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n for_o one_o year_n this_o happen_v in_o may_n and_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1395_o in_o which_o the_o new_a pope_n prosperity_n begin_v by_o degree_n 1395._o to_o decline_v and_o be_v convert_v into_o misery_n the_o governor_n of_o avignon_n by_o the_o king_n order_n with_o french_a force_n besiege_v he_o in_o his_o palace_n a_o 〈◊〉_d be_v also_o publish_v forbid_v all_o person_n to_o have_v recourse_n to_o he_o upon_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n all_o his_o cardinal_n forsake_v he_o except_o only_o he_o of_o pamplâ—na_n who_o continue_v with_o he_o till_o death_n in_o fine_a he_o be_v so_o streighten_v he_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v in_o a_o disguise_n to_o câ—â—alonia_n but_o this_o happen_v somewhat_o late_a many_o embassy_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o christian_a prince_n about_o this_o affair_n the_o king_n of_o france_n labour_v to_o draw_v those_o of_o castille_n arragon_n and_o navarre_n from_o the_o obedience_n of_o that_o pope_n they_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v persuade_v especial_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n who_o send_v the_o bishop_n of_o câ—enca_n ambassador_n into_o france_n to_o reconcile_v that_o king_n to_o the_o pope_n
their_o territory_n by_o the_o way_n of_o murcia_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o vera_n but_o can_v not_o carry_v it_o be_v unprovided_a of_o all_o necessary_n for_o such_o a_o undertake_n beside_o that_o a_o great_a body_n of_o moor_n be_v march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o place_n therefore_o raise_v the_o siege_n they_o advance_v to_o meet_v the_o infidel_n and_o 〈◊〉_d xuxena_n engage_v and_o overthrow_v they_o the_o slaughter_n be_v not_o great_a because_o they_o have_v a_o retreat_n near_o at_o hand_n yet_o they_o take_v and_o plunder_v the_o town_n but_o the_o moor_n 〈…〉_z this_o success_n make_v so_o great_a a_o noise_n that_o the_o cortes_n hope_v it_o be_v a_o good_a omen_n of_o future_a advantage_n grant_v the_o supply_n that_o be_v require_v of_o they_o by_o the_o queen_n and_o prince_n they_o also_o as_o be_v but_o reason_n appoint_a prince_n ferdinand_n general_n betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o queen_n there_o begin_v to_o be_v some_o misunderstanding_n malicious_n person_n such_o as_o be_v always_o encourage_v in_o court_n heighten_v those_o discontent_n and_o say_v one_o day_n prince_n ferdinand_n will_v perplex_v the_o queen_n and_o her_o child_n many_o lay_v the_o blame_n on_o a_o woman_n call_v ellenon_fw-mi lopez_n for_o that_o she_o breed_v ill_a blood_n betwixt_o they_o and_o be_v great_a with_o the_o queen_n than_o become_v her_o majesty_n or_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n these_o difference_n increase_v it_o be_v contrive_v the_o government_n prince_n shall_v be_v divide_v so_o that_o the_o queen_n shall_v have_v old_a castille_n and_o the_o prince_n the_o new_a with_o some_o town_n of_o the_o old_a this_o â—one_n the_o prince_n send_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n and_o set_v out_o himself_o from_o sagovia_n for_o villareal_n design_v that_o the_o general_a randezvouz_n of_o the_o force_n mean_o while_o the_o commander_n on_o the_o frontier_n cease_v not_o to_o make_v incursion_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n waste_v their_o land_n and_o drive_v great_a booty_n of_o cattle_n and_o captive_n yet_o sometime_o they_o come_v off_o with_o 〈◊〉_d worst_a a_o moor_n incline_v to_o christianity_n come_v over_o from_o they_o and_o be_v carry_v before_o laurence_n suarez_n de_fw-fr figueroa_n master_n of_o santiago_n who_o command_v on_o the_o frontier_n and_o be_v then_o at_o ezija_n say_v to_o he_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a how_o odious_a the_o name_n of_o â—â—_o deserte_a be_v to_o all_o man_n yet_o i_o resolve_v to_o come_v over_o to_o you_o be_v move_v to_o it_o from_o heavenâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d my_o 〈…〉_z testify_v the_o sincerity_n of_o 〈◊〉_d word_n first_o let_v i_o be_v buptize_v and_o i_o will_v give_v you_o instance_n of_o my_o real_a fidelity_n be_v 〈◊〉_d he_o inform_v they_o he_o will_v show_v they_o a_o way_n â—o_o surprise_v pruna_n a_o considerable_a town_n of_o the_o moor_n they_o give_v credit_n to_o his_o word_n and_o the_o chief_a commendary_a of_o santiago_n go_v with_o he_o the_o moor_n perform_v his_o promise_n and_o the_o town_n be_v take_v on_o the_o four_o of_o june_n thus_o the_o moor_n lose_v that_o nest_n whence_o they_o continual_o infest_a the_o christian_a territory_n prince_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o cordova_n and_o thence_o to_o sevil_n 〈…〉_z fall_v sick_a at_o such_o time_n as_o there_o come_v to_o that_o city_n the_o earl_n of_o march_n son_n in_o law_n to_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n of_o the_o best_a blood_n of_o france_n of_o a_o graceful_a presence_n and_o so_o courteous_a that_o he_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o all_o men._n he_o bring_v with_o he_o 80_o horse_n to_o serve_v in_o that_o war_n which_o be_v expect_v will_v prove_v long_o and_o dangerous_a the_o moor_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o first_o assault_v lucena_n a_o great_a town_n and_o find_v they_o can_v not_o carry_v it_o they_o march_v away_o â—o_o baeça_o their_o number_n be_v great_a for_o it_o be_v lay_v they_o amount_v to_o 7000_o horse_n and_o 100000_o foot_n a_o incredible_a multitude_n but_o such_o it_o be_v as_o put_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n into_o a_o consternation_n nevertheless_o they_o can_v not_o take_v the_o city_n for_o it_o be_v brave_o defend_v but_o they_o burn_v the_o subarb_n all_o the_o christian_n far_o and_o near_o take_v the_o alarm_n and_o gather_v to_o relieve_v that_o important_a place_n which_o the_o moor_n understand_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o depart_v load_v with_o booty_n and_o with_o many_o captive_n sea_n take_v in_o that_o country_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n alonso_n enriquez_n the_o admiral_n obtain_v a_o considerable_a victorâ—_n over_o the_o infidel_n on_o the_o sea_n near_o cadiz_n the_o king_n of_o tunez_n and_o tremezen_n have_v fit_v out_o 23_o galley_n to_o scour_v the_o coast_n of_o andaluzia_n at_o the_o request_n of_o their_o confederate_n the_o king_n of_o granada_n the_o admiral_n when_o he_o discover_v they_o have_v but_o 13_o galley_n yet_o attack_v they_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o he_o 〈◊〉_d eight_o sink_v some_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n mean_a while_n prince_n ferdinand_n recover_v to_o the_o sickness_n and_o be_v joyful_a for_o this_o success_n march_v from_o sevil_n on_o the_o seven_o of_o september_n he_o have_v not_o fix_v what_o enterprise_n to_o take_v in_o hand_n therefore_o a_o council_n of_o war_n be_v call_v it_o be_v resolve_v to_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o ronda_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o zahara_n a_o town_n of_o note_n in_o that_o country_n this_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n and_o they_o begin_v to_o batter_v it_o with_o 3_o great_a piece_n of_o cannon_n day_n and_o night_n yet_o the_o harm_n they_o do_v be_v inconsiderable_a because_o the_o gunner_n in_o those_o day_n be_v not_o expert_a at_o play_v and_o level_v their_o piece_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o siege_n may_v have_v prove_v difficult_a if_o the_o besiege_a beginning_n to_o feel_v want_n and_o fear_v they_o shall_v have_v no_o quarter_n have_v not_o make_v haste_n to_o surrender_v capitulate_v only_o for_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n and_o deliver_v up_o their_o arms._n other_o small_a town_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o zahara_n and_o submit_v septenil_n a_o town_n strong_a and_o well_o garrison_v refuse_v to_o submit_v it_o be_v therefore_o besiege_v and_o batter_v at_o such_o time_n as_o peter_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n recover_v ayamonte_n from_o the_o moor_n as_o have_v be_v give_v he_o in_o charge_n by_o prince_n ferdinand_n the_o moorish_a king_n be_v unwilling_a to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n and_o therefore_o govern_v himself_o by_o policy_n endeavour_v to_o live_v his_o enemy_n some_o considerable_a diversion_n he_o gather_v his_o force_n which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v amount_v to_o 6000_o horse_n and_o 80000_o foot_n but_o they_o be_v a_o mere_a rabble_n without_o discipline_n or_o sense_n of_o honour_n with_o this_o army_n he_o sit_v down_o before_o jaen_n but_o sail_v it_o for_o our_o army_n march_v thither_o with_o speed_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o retire_v with_o shame_n some_o harm_n he_o do_v in_o the_o country_n but_o that_o be_v retaliate_v by_o waste_v all_o his_o territory_n 〈…〉_z beside_o several_a party_n spread_v themselves_o over_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o moor_n so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o place_n of_o safety_n it_o be_v some_o disappointment_n that_o 〈◊〉_d be_v not_o take_v autumn_n be_v advance_v and_o the_o usual_a great_a rain_n begin_v to_o fall_v therefore_o prince_n ferdinand_n raise_v the_o siege_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o october_n and_o return_v to_o sevil_n restore_v to_o its_o place_n the_o sword_n with_o which_o the_o holy_a king_n ferdinand_n take_v that_o city_n which_o be_v there_o keep_v to_o this_o day_n and_o use_v then_o to_o be_v take_v out_o by_o general_n when_o they_o go_v upon_o any_o considerable_a enterprise_n this_o do_v he_o put_v his_o force_n into_o quarter_n in_o sevil_n cordova_n and_o other_o place_n and_o go_v away_o himself_o to_o toledo_n to_o raise_v more_o man_n and_o make_v other_o provision_n â—â—_o continue_v the_o war._n chap._n viii_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n by_o he_o of_o burgundy_n the_o war_n carry_v on_o with_o the_o moor_n 〈…〉_z conclude_v original_a of_o d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr luna_n continuation_n of_o 〈…〉_z schism_n 〈…〉_z time_n die_v at_o calahorra_n peter_n 〈◊〉_d ayala_n chancellor_n of_o castille_n a_o man_n 〈…〉_z for_o many_o thing_n and_o particular_o for_o the_o chronicle_n he_o write_v of_o the_o king_n peter_n henry_n the_o iid_n and_o joâ—â—_n the_o be_v it_o though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v he_o wrong_v king_n peter_n magnify_v his_o vice_n and_o say_v more_o than_o be_v true_a in_o commendation_n of_o king_n henry_n france_n murder_v be_v in_o confusion_n for_o that_o john_n duke_n of_o 〈◊〉_d have_v cause_v luis_n duke_n of_o orleans_n to_o be_v murder_v in_o
descent_n be_v from_o king_n alonso_n ivth_o who_o be_v his_o great_a grandfather_n his_o son_n arragon_n jaym_v be_v father_n to_o peter_n and_o grandfather_n to_o the_o present_a earl_n beside_o he_o have_v to_o wife_n king_n martin_n sister_n the_o daughter_n of_o king_n peter_n by_o queen_n sibila_fw-la d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr arragon_n marques_z de_fw-fr villena_n the_o earl_n of_o deniâ—_n have_v also_o a_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o it_o be_v far_o remove_v yet_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o his_o friend_n though_o very_o old_a he_o set_v up_o his_o title_n among_o the_o rest_n as_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o jayme_n the_o iid_a king_n of_o arragon_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n give_v audience_n to_o the_o french_a bishop_n hearken_v to_o his_o demand_n and_o the_o reason_n on_o which_o he_o ground_v his_o claim_n after_o that_o be_v over_o retire_v to_o his_o apartment_n arragon_n those_o that_o be_v about_o he_o continue_v the_o discourse_n and_o at_o length_n come_v to_o argue_v the_o case_n in_o form_n before_o the_o king_n william_n de_fw-fr moncada_n plead_v for_o the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n who_o doubtless_o the_o right_n be_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o his_o descent_n set_v down_o before_o bernard_n de_fw-fr centellas_fw-la argue_v for_o the_o earl_n of_o orâ—el_n and_o bernard_n villalice_n for_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n who_o be_v the_o remote_a when_o they_o have_v all_o do_v the_o king_n have_v his_o opinion_n which_o agree_v with_o none_o of_o they_o for_o he_o positive_o affirm_v prince_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n have_v the_o best_a title_n as_o be_v his_o nephew_n the_o son_n of_o his_o own_o sister_n ellenor_n in_o reality_n he_o be_v himself_o but_o a_o usurper_n the_o duke_n of_o anjon_n have_v a_o better_a right_o than_o he_o but_o he_o resolve_v to_o cut_v he_o off_o and_o continue_v the_o crown_n in_o his_o own_o family_n this_o discourse_n of_o the_o king_n be_v be_v make_v public_a first_o at_o barcelona_n where_o it_o be_v speak_v and_o afterward_o through_o all_o christendom_n much_o advance_v prince_n ferdinand_n his_o pretention_n and_o avail_v he_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o his_o competitor_n this_o be_v the_o common_a discourse_n of_o the_o town_n and_o even_o in_o the_o king_n presence_n â—â—_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v please_v yet_o in_o his_o heart_n he_o be_v more_o incline_v to_o his_o grandson_n 〈◊〉_d bastard_n son_n to_o the_o late_a king_n of_o sicily_n who_o he_o have_v already_o create_v earl_n of_o luna_n and_o in_o order_n to_o make_v he_o capable_a of_o inherit_v the_o crown_n treat_v with_o pope_n benedict_n about_o his_o legitimation_n if_o this_o succeed_v not_o he_o prefer_v his_o nephew_n prince_n ferdinand_n before_o all_o other_o his_o valour_n and_o virtue_n and_o his_o despise_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n have_v render_v he_o worthy_a of_o another_o kingdom_n nevertheless_o upon_o the_o press_a instance_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o vrgel_n the_o king_n constitute_v he_o vicar_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n a_o honour_n usual_o give_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o may_v have_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o other_o pretender_n have_v he_o not_o underhand_o give_v order_n to_o the_o vrreas_n and_o herias_n two_o powerful_a family_n in_o zaragoca_n not_o to_o admit_v he_o into_o that_o city_n or_o suffer_v he_o to_o exercise_v that_o office_n notwithstanding_o his_o letter_n patent_n this_o doublâ—_n deal_v high_o offend_v the_o earl_n of_o vrgel_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a trouble_n chap._n x._o the_o moor_n have_v do_v maâ—â—h_a harm_n in_o the_o christian_a territory_n prince_n ferdinand_n march_v against_o they_o defeat_v they_o and_o take_v antequera_n and_o other_o place_n martin_n king_n of_o arragon_n die_v a_o love-adventure_n the_o truce_n with_o the_o moor_n be_v now_o expire_v and_o their_o boldness_n provoke_v and_o oblige_v infidel_n the_o christian_n to_o renew_v the_o war_n for_o they_o 〈◊〉_d the_o town_n of_o zahara_n ravage_v all_o the_o country_n and_o drive_v the_o cattle_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o their_o fury_n and_o revenge_v the_o wrong_n receive_v prince_n ferdinand_n have_v make_v the_o necessary_a provision_n of_o man_n money_n ammunition_n and_o victual_n in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n of_o the_o year_n 1410_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o cordova_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o infidel_n be_v disappoint_v of_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o zahara_n abandon_v 1410._o the_o town_n and_o our_o force_n speedy_o repair_v the_o wall_n and_o put_v the_o place_n into_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n prince_n ferdinand_n army_n consist_v of_o 10000_o foot_n and_o 3500_o horse_n the_o very_a flower_n of_o the_o castillian_a force_n all_o brave_a and_o resolute_a soldier_n with_o he_o be_v sancho_n de_fw-fr rojas_n bishop_n of_o palencia_n alvero_n de_fw-fr guzman_n john_n de_fw-la mendoça_fw-la john_n de_fw-fr velasco_n d._n ruy_n lopez_n davalas_n and_o other_o 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to_o they_o this_o 〈…〉_z necessary_a his_o force_n at_o that_o time_n be_v weak_a because_o several_a party_n be_v abroad_o by_o 〈◊〉_d order_n plunder_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n which_o be_v do_v 〈…〉_z to_o the_o wall_n of_o malaga_n great_a harm_n be_v do_v but_o the_o terror_n spread_v abroad_o be_v much_o great_a the_o moorish_a king_n command_v all_o that_o be_v of_o age_n without_o exception_n 〈…〉_z and_o appear_v in_o arm_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o gather_v a_o 〈◊〉_d multitude_n 〈…〉_z not_o to_o hazard_v another_o battle_n and_o only_o show_v himself_o to_o terrify_v the_o christian_n 〈…〉_z keep_v on_o the_o hill_n and_o in_o the_o wood_n the_o besiege_a begin_v to_o be_v strenghten_v 〈…〉_z most_o perplex_v they_o be_v that_o they_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o relief_n it_o be_v as_o bad_a as_o death_n to_o surrender_v and_o they_o have_v no_o mean_n to_o hold_v out_o it_o happen_v 300_o horse_n of_o the_o garrison_n or_o jaen_n make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o moor_n 〈…〉_z orderly_o that_o they_o be_v surprise_v and_o all_o cut_v off_o this_o small_a success_n encourage_v the_o besiege_v to_o hope_v that_o some_o misfortune_n may_v befall_v the_o besieger_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v at_o 〈…〉_z the_o new_a pope_n die_v choose_v at_o bolonia_n on_o the_o 3d_o of_o may._n his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o church_n 〈…〉_z of_o that_o city_n the_o cardinal_n of_o his_o party_n meet_v and_o on_o the_o 〈…〉_z month_n cota_n deacon-cardinal_n bear_v at_o naples_n who_o be_v then_o legate_n 〈…〉_z himself_o in_o his_o papacy_n john_n the_o xxiiid_n he_o be_v bold_a subtle_a 〈…〉_z make_v of_o good_a or_o bad_a practice_n as_o the_o occasion_n require_v or_o be_v 〈…〉_z purpose_v 〈…〉_z happy_a in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o predecessor_n when_o he_o govern_v all_o thing_n than_o in_o his_o own_o be_v cast_v down_o and_o deprive_v of_o the_o tiara_n soon_o after_o follow_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n die_v who_o die_v of_o a_o stoppage_n in_o his_o head_n on_o the_o last_o of_o may_n at_o valdoncellas_n a_o monastery_n of_o nun_n adjoin_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o 〈…〉_z his_o body_n be_v 〈◊〉_d at_o poplete_a with_o very_o little_a pomp_n the_o people_n be_v affirm_v at_o their_o present_a loss_n and_o apprehenstâ—â—_n or_o what_o be_v like_a to_o follow_v the_o cortes_n of_o that_o principality_n be_v 〈…〉_z not_o without_o some_o 〈…〉_z of_o trouble_v likely_a to_o break_v out_o 〈…〉_z that_o all_o the_o state_n shall_v depute_v certain_a person_n of_o note_n to_o 〈…〉_z king_n in_o his_o 〈◊〉_d and_o entreat_v he_o that_o to_o prevent_v disorder_n he_o will_v appoint_v who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o this_o be_v according_o put_v in_o execution_n and_o by_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o deputy_n fâ—rrer_a head_n of_o the_o council_n of_o that_o city_n be_v appoint_v
naples_n in_o may_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n come_v to_o cordova_n and_o from_o thence_o send_v d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr luna_n before_o he_o with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n who_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n and_o destroy_v the_o very_a orchard_n in_o sight_n of_o granada_n without_o spare_v a_o beautiful_a palace_n that_o king_n have_v there_o yet_o neither_o this_o damage_n granada_n nor_o the_o challenge_n send_v by_o d._n alvero_n can_v draw_v the_o moor_n out_o to_o fight_v a_o council_n of_o war_n be_v hold_v at_o cordova_n some_o advise_v only_o to_o pillage_n and_o waste_v the_o country_n other_o to_o undertake_v some_o considerable_a siege_n at_o length_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o march_v to_o granada_n and_o try_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o complete_a battle_n as_o one_o gilairo_n advise_v who_o have_v be_v take_v by_o the_o moor_n young_a have_v renounce_v the_o faith_n but_o not_o from_o his_o heart_n and_o be_v therefore_o now_o return_v to_o cordova_n he_o assure_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v appear_v before_o the_o city_n joseph_n benelmao_n the_o grandson_n of_o mahomet_n the_o red_a who_o be_v kill_v at_o sevil_n will_v come_v over_o with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o men._n this_o be_v resolve_v the_o queen_n who_o till_o then_o accompany_v the_o king_n depart_v for_o carmona_n and_o the_o army_n march_v on_o the_o king_n halt_v at_o alvendin_n till_o all_o the_o force_n be_v join_v 80000_o man_n randezvouze_v there_o and_o among_o they_o many_o of_o note_n james_n ribera_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr guzman_n have_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o major_a general_n which_o before_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o marshal_n advance_v thence_o of_o the_o 2d_o day_n they_o come_v into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n march_v in_o order_n as_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o sight_n d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr luna_n lead_v the_o van_n in_o which_o be_v 2500_o man_n at_o arms._n in_o the_o main_a body_n be_v the_o king_n with_o many_o noble_n in_o the_o rear_n come_v 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receive_v by_o the_o moorâ—â—_n â—â—_z and_o great_a cry_n raise_v on_o both_o side_n for_o some_o time_n the_o battle_n stand_v firm_a so_o that_o no_o advantage_n appear_v on_o either_o side_n the_o king_n be_v among_o the_o foremost_a rank_n which_o great_o encourage_v his_o man_n and_o make_v they_o charge_n with_o fresh_a fury_n then_o the_o moor_n give_v way_n some_o reture_v to_o the_o city_n other_o flee_v to_o the_o mountain_n our_o man_n pursue_v till_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n part_v they_o it_o be_v not_o exact_o know_v what_o number_n be_v kill_v but_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v about_o 10000_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr cereçuela_fw-mi bishop_n of_o osma_n gain_v the_o enemy_n camp_n which_o be_v among_o the_o vineyard_n and_o olive_n garden_n the_o other_o churchman_n go_v out_o with_o their_o cross_n to_o meet_v the_o king_n as_o he_o return_v to_o the_o camp_n there_o the_o army_n continue_v ten_o day_n no_o proposal_n of_o peace_n be_v make_v by_o the_o moor_n 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have_v long_o live_v retire_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o carmelites_n build_v by_o himself_o in_o lisbon_n die_v now_o in_o the_o 71_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o 46_o of_o his_o constableship_n he_o also_o found_v two_o other_o monastery_n one_o of_o st._n george_n at_o aljubarrota_n and_o another_o of_o st._n mary_n at_o villaviciosa_fw-la the_o king_n honour_v his_o funeral_n with_o his_o presence_n at_o the_o say_a church_n of_o the_o carmelites_n he_o leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n call_v beatrix_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o d._n alonso_n duke_z of_o bragança_o bastard_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n all_o his_o estate_n he_o divide_v among_o his_o grandchild_n bear_v before_o his_o death_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n warn_v by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o friend_n who_o be_v of_o the_o same_o age_n with_o he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o long_o to_o live_v resolve_v to_o use_v all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o castille_n king_n john_n have_v depart_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n very_o hasty_o whereby_o many_o say_v a_o good_a opportunity_n of_o gain_v some_o advantage_n be_v lose_v it_o be_v report_v that_o d._n alvero_n be_v bribe_v to_o give_v this_o advice_n by_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n send_v he_o in_o a_o present_a of_o dry_a fig_n and_o this_o be_v the_o more_o easy_o credit_v because_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o his_o advice_n from_o cordova_n they_o go_v to_o toledo_n and_o thence_o to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n whither_o the_o cortes_n be_v summon_v in_o they_o nothing_o remarkable_a be_v do_v except_o the_o change_v the_o truce_n with_o portugal_n portugal_n into_o a_o perpetual_a peace_n which_o be_v proclaim_v on_o the_o 30_o of_o october_n at_o medina_n and_o lisbon_n the_o earl_n of_o castro_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n the_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o master_n of_o alcantara_n be_v confiscate_v and_o garrison_v by_o the_o king_n peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n earl_n of_o haro_n ferdinand_n alvarez_n de_fw-fr toledo_n and_o d._n gutierre_n de_fw-fr toledo_n bishop_n of_o palencia_n be_v apprehend_v their_o charge_n be_v favour_v the_o prince_n of_o arragon_n and_o contrive_v to_o kill_v d._n alvero_n these_o thing_n much_o incense_v the_o nobility_n some_o of_o who_o resolve_v to_o take_v up_o arms._n particular_o ynigo_n lopez_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n fortify_v and_o garrison_v the_o town_n of_o hita_n money_n be_v raise_v for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n which_o be_v now_o well_o advance_v the_o lieutenant_n and_o master_n of_o calatrava_n have_v take_v meros_n ronda_n cambil_n illoro_n archidona_n setenil_n and_o other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n and_o also_o the_o city_n loxa_n though_o very_o strong_a be_v gain_v our_o force_n besiege_v the_o
have_v leave_v a_o great_a estate_n in_o arragon_n and_o sell_v the_o town_n give_v he_o in_o castille_n be_v by_o his_o prodigality_n reduce_v to_o poverty_n he_o resolve_v to_o plunder_v the_o rich_a city_n of_o sevil._n he_o be_v offend_v at_o the_o earl_n of_o niebla_n who_o have_v great_a power_n in_o that_o city_n and_o design_v by_o the_o way_n to_o be_v revenge_v on_o he_o so_o great_a a_o enterprise_n be_v not_o to_o be_v undertake_v without_o company_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o draw_v together_o many_o who_o their_o lewd_a life_n have_v reduce_v to_o want_v and_o among_o they_o two_o considerable_a man_n call_v regidores_o of_o sevil._n a_o secret_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v among_o so_o many_o the_o plot_n be_v discover_v and_o d._n frederick_n secure_v at_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n whither_o the_o king_n go_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n thence_o he_o be_v carry_v to_o vrena_n and_o afterward_o to_o a_o castle_n near_o olmedo_n where_o he_o end_v his_o day_n pity_v 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that_o name_n signify_v the_o lord_n alexander_n he_o be_v give_v up_o a_o hostage_n to_o amurat_n the_o turk_n but_o make_v his_o escape_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n hold_v out_o for_o several_a year_n in_o epirus_n and_o overthrow_v great_a army_n of_o turk_n but_o find_v himself_o too_o weak_a alone_o to_o oppose_v that_o great_a power_n he_o labour_v to_o get_v foreign_a aid_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o venetian_n implore_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o send_v a_o solemn_a embassy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1451_o offer_v if_o he_o relieve_v he_o with_o man_n and_o money_n that_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v that_o province_n shall_v 1451._o pay_v the_o same_o tribute_n to_o he_o it_o use_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o turk_n the_o king_n send_v some_o supply_n but_o too_o small_a to_o oppose_v the_o vast_a power_n of_o the_o enemy_n this_o year_n be_v fortunate_a to_o spain_n for_o the_o 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calatrava_n but_o this_o succeed_v not_o for_o peter_n giron_n who_o be_v in_o possession_n make_v himself_o strong_a in_o the_o town_n of_o almagro_n resolve_v to_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n so_o d._n alonso_n be_v force_v to_o return_v to_o arragon_n as_o he_o come_v which_o high_o offend_v the_o king_n of_o navarre_n to_o add_v to_o his_o trouble_n prince_n henry_n be_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o d._n alvero_n entire_o reconcile_v to_o his_o father_n but_o the_o most_o grievous_a thing_n of_o all_o be_v that_o a_o tedious_a and_o bloody_a civil_a war_n break_v out_o in_o navarre_n that_o nation_n have_v be_v long_o divide_v betwixt_o two_o faction_n the_o biamonteses_n and_o the_o agramonteses_n head_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n and_o marquis_n of_o cortes_n and_o navarre_n much_o blood_n have_v be_v spill_v the_o agramonteses_n be_v for_o the_o king_n the_o biamonteses_n entice_v the_o prince_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o his_o father_n who_o they_o say_v wrongful_o withhold_v the_o crown_n from_o he_o in_o the_o first_o place_n they_o make_v a_o league_n with_o castille_n and_o france_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n promise_v to_o assist_v the_o prince_n provide_v he_o will_v declare_v and_o take_v up_o arms._n the_o king_n of_o france_n do_v the_o same_o be_v then_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o do_v it_o have_v recover_v all_o guienne_n from_o the_o english_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o civil_a war_n break_v out_o in_o navarre_n the_o biamonteses_n seize_v several_a town_n and_o city_n and_o among_o they_o pamplona_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n olite_a and_o aivar_n yet_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o principality_n of_o viana_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n power_n he_o have_v in_o time_n put_v garrison_n and_o give_v the_o government_n of_o town_n to_o man_n of_o approve_a fidelity_n prince_n henry_n and_o soon_o after_o his_o father_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n come_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o estela_n where_o the_o queen_n of_o navarre_n be_v the_o king_n her_o husband_n speed_v from_o zaragoça_n to_o her_o relief_n but_o bring_v small_a force_n with_o he_o and_o the_o agramonteses_n not_o be_v yet_o able_a to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n he_o be_v force_v to_o return_v to_o zaragoça_n design_v to_o raise_v man_n in_o that_o kingdom_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v go_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o castille_n as_o it_o the_o war_n be_v end_v though_o they_o have_v do_v nothing_o at_o the_o request_n of_o prince_n charles_n return_v to_o burgos_n his_o mild_a nature_n be_v hurtful_a to_o prince_n charles_n for_o his_o father_n have_v raise_v a_o army_n though_o small_a in_o number_n yet_o compose_v of_o old_a soldier_n lay_v siege_n to_o ayvar_n a_o well_o fortify_v town_n his_o son_n come_v to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a and_o on_o the_o 3d_o of_o october_n both_o army_n draw_v out_o some_o religious_a person_n labour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o father_n and_o son_n prince_n charles_n be_v willing_a to_o lay_v down_o arm_n upon_o condition_n all_o that_o have_v follow_v he_o shall_v be_v pardon_v that_o the_o principality_n of_o viana_n and_o half_a the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o he_o and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n without_o who_o he_o have_v swear_v he_o will_v make_v no_o peace_n shall_v approve_v of_o these_o article_n the_o king_n of_o navarre_n allow_v part_n and_o reject_v part_n of_o the_o condition_n whereupon_o the_o signal_n for_o battle_n be_v give_v on_o both_o side_n at_o first_o the_o biamonteses_n make_v their_o enemy_n give_v way_n but_o roderick_n rebolledo_n the_o king_n lord_n chamberlain_n stand_v his_o ground_n with_o such_o bravery_n that_o he_o give_v time_n for_o those_o who_o have_v not_o engage_v to_o come_v up_o and_o then_o they_o that_o flee_v before_o rally_v endeavour_v to_o blot_v out_o the_o shame_n of_o have_v turn_v their_o back_n thus_o the_o prince_n force_n be_v a_o undisciplined_a multitude_n not_o able_a to_o bear_v the_o charge_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n the_o first_o that_o run_v be_v the_o horse_n of_o andaluzia_n but_o a_o few_o be_v kill_v many_o take_v the_o prince_n himself_o be_v beset_v deliver_v his_o sword_n and_o gauntlet_n to_o his_o brother_n alonso_n author_n do_v not_o write_v what_o number_n fight_v or_o what_o be_v kill_v nor_o give_v any_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o prince_n be_v send_v prisoner_n to_o tafalla_n and_o thence_o to_o monroy_n it_o be_v report_v he_o be_v always_o suspicious_a of_o be_v poison_v and_o therefore_o when_o take_v will_v not_o eat_v till_o his_o brother_n have_v taste_v the_o king_n of_o navarre_n after_o this_o victory_n return_v to_o zaragoça_n with_o his_o wife_n who_o prove_v soon_o after_o with_o child_n yet_o the_o biamonteses_n be_v no_o way_n dismay_v at_o this_o loss_n especial_o because_o prince_n henry_n come_v to_o their_o assistance_n beside_o the_o nobility_n of_o arragon_n favour_v prince_n charles_n and_o plot_v how_o to_o release_v he_o navarre_n be_v in_o a_o miserable_a condition_n the_o country_n plunder_v by_o soldier_n and_o the_o town_n divide_v into_o faction_n which_o often_o fall_v to_o blow_n in_o andaluzia_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o christian_n succeed_v better_a on_o the_o 9th_o of_o february_n 1452_o a_o much_o less_o 1452._o party_n of_o christian_n rout_v 600_o moorish_a horse_n and_o 800_o foot_n who_o waste_v the_o country_n moor_n about_o arcos_n d._n john_n ponce_n earl_n of_o arcos_n and_o lord_n of_o marchena_n command_v this_o party_n in_o march_v 600_o horse_n and_o 1500_o foot_n of_o the_o infidel_n be_v overthrow_v with_o great_a slaughter_n by_o 300_o christian_a horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n near_o lorca_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n and_o a_o booty_n of_o 40000_o head_n of_o cattle_n
in_o poverty_n yet_o wicked_o and_o hate_a by_o all_o men._n thus_o he_o soon_o endure_v the_o punishment_n of_o his_o short_a pleasure_n be_v severe_o chastise_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n as_o he_o have_v well_o deserve_v the_o end_n of_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxiii_o chap._n i._n the_o council_n of_o mantua_n beginning_n of_o tumult_n in_o castille_n war_n at_o naples_n betwixt_o the_o arragonian_n and_o house_n of_o anjou_n scanderbag_n prince_n of_o epirus_n come_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n pope_n pius_n the_o second_o have_v appoint_v a_o general_n council_n to_o meet_v at_o mantua_n a_o great_a number_n of_o bishop_n from_o all_o part_n and_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n repair_v thither_o as_o mantua_n do_v the_o pope_n himself_o his_o only_a care_n be_v to_o stir_v up_o all_o christendom_n to_o unite_v its_o force_n against_o the_o common_a enemy_n david_n emperor_n of_o trebizonde_n a_o city_n in_o asia_n the_o lesser_a upon_o the_o euxine_a sea_n ussumcassanus_n king_n of_o armenia_n and_o george_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o persia_n offer_v great_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o a_o mighty_a fleet_n but_o there_o be_v little_a confidence_n to_o be_v repose_v in_o their_o promise_n the_o western_a country_n be_v so_o entangle_v with_o broil_n and_o confusion_n at_o home_n that_o little_o can_v be_v hope_v from_o they_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o difficulty_n the_o pope_n be_v not_o discourage_v but_o resolve_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o promote_v the_o holy_a war_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o full_a assembly_n of_o those_o that_o come_v to_o the_o council_n make_v a_o most_o learned_a speech_n lay_v before_o they_o how_o great_a a_o reproach_n to_o christianity_n the_o loss_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n have_v be_v and_o how_o much_o near_o since_o that_o time_n the_o danger_n threaten_v all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n he_o press_v for_o some_o prince_n to_o encourage_v that_o war_n by_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o be_v general_n and_o then_o offer_v to_o carry_v the_o cross_n before_o they_o himself_o his_o word_n move_v the_o auditory_a but_o the_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n waste_v the_o time_n in_o private_a controversy_n particular_o john_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n son_n to_o renee_n duke_n of_o anjou_n complain_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v give_v the_o investiture_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o ferdinand_n his_o enemy_n thus_o nothing_o be_v do_v to_o any_o purpose_n only_o a_o verbal_a decree_n be_v make_v for_o carry_v on_o the_o war._n the_o pope_n publish_v a_o bull_n in_o which_o contrary_a to_o his_o own_o opinion_n at_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n he_o ordain_v that_o none_o shall_v appeal_v from_o the_o pope_n to_o a_o general_n council_n thus_o the_o council_n be_v dissolve_v the_o eight_o month_n after_o the_o open_n of_o it_o the_o aragonian_a ambassador_n after_o the_o council_n break_v up_o go_v away_o to_o naples_n to_o congratulate_v with_o the_o new_a king_n upon_o his_o accession_n to_o that_o crown_n inigo_n lopez_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n the_o ambassador_n of_o castille_n obtain_v of_o the_o pope_n a_o jubilee_n for_o all_o that_o give_v certain_a alm_n employ_v to_o build_v at_o tendilla_n a_o monastery_n of_o friar_n of_o st._n isidorus_n of_o the_o invocation_n of_o st._n ann._n mean_v while_o the_o city_n guadalajara_n be_v take_v from_o his_o brother_n james_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n he_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o it_o wrongful_o john_n fernandez_n galindo_n a_o famous_a officer_n surprise_v it_o with_o 600_o horse_n this_o the_o noble_n take_v for_o a_o new_a cause_n of_o discontent_n and_o combine_v against_o the_o king_n d._n â—â—ederick_a the_o admiral_n heighten_v their_o discontent_n he_o solicit_v his_o son-in-law_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n to_o join_v with_o the_o seditious_a nobility_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o castille_n with_o he_o join_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n d._n peter_n giron_n master_n of_o calatrava_n and_o the_o family_n of_o manrique_n and_o mendoça_n their_o pretence_n be_v to_o reform_v the_o government_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n archbishop_n of_o sevil_n give_v the_o king_n a_o account_n of_o these_o practice_n as_o a_o reward_n for_o this_o good_a service_n the_o archbishopric_n of_o santiago_n vacant_a by_o the_o death_n of_o d._n roderick_n de_fw-fr luna_n be_v give_v to_o a_o kinsman_n of_o he_o call_v also_o alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n who_o be_v dean_n of_o sevil._n d._n luis_n osorio_n have_v then_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o revenue_n of_o that_o church_n confide_v in_o the_o power_n of_o his_o father_n the_o earl_n of_o trastamara_n none_o but_o a_o person_n of_o great_a authority_n can_v reduce_v he_o and_o therefore_o the_o two_o archbishop_n change_v see_v by_o the_o king_n consent_n the_o church_n of_o pamplona_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o d._n martin_n de_fw-fr peralta_n be_v give_v to_o cardinal_n besarion_n a_o greek_a but_o very_o learned_a and_o of_o a_o godly_a life_n the_o trouble_n of_o naples_n be_v the_o chief_a thing_n that_o disturb_a pope_n pius_n otherwise_o whole_o anjou_n bend_v upon_o the_o holy_a war._n the_o war_n begin_v again_o to_o break_v out_o betwixt_o john_n the_o son_n of_o renee_n and_o the_o new_a king_n ferdinand_n most_o of_o the_o neapolitan_a nobility_n as_o give_v to_o change_n favour_v the_o house_n of_o anjou_n the_o first_o that_o appear_v in_o arm_n be_v anthony_n centellas_n marquis_n of_o croton_n who_o have_v get_v his_o liberty_n meditate_a revenge_n but_o the_o king_n be_v too_o quick_a and_o again_o lay_v he_o in_o prison_n martin_n marciano_n though_o marry_v to_o ellenor_n the_o king_n sister_n head_v the_o rebel_n many_o join_v with_o he_o among_o who_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o prince_n of_o taranto_n anthony_n cardora_n and_o john_n paul_n duke_n of_o sora._n francis_n sforcia_n duke_n of_o milan_n be_v at_o the_o council_n of_o mantua_n advise_v the_o pope_n to_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o king_n ferdinand_n for_o that_o the_o french_a be_v expel_v italy_n all_o difficulty_n that_o obstruct_v the_o war_n with_o the_o turk_n will_v be_v easy_o surmount_v the_o pope_n approve_v of_o this_o council_n but_o it_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v put_v into_o execution_n for_o that_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v then_o besiege_v in_o barletta_n a_o city_n of_o apulia_n and_o know_v not_o well_o how_o to_o defend_v himself_o the_o pope_n will_v send_v he_o no_o relief_n because_o the_o enemy_n have_v secure_v all_o the_o avenue_n by_o land_n therefore_o he_o send_v to_o george_n scanderbag_n prince_n of_o epirus_n naples_n than_o a_o most_o renown_a general_n who_o understand_v the_o pope_n will_n send_v before_o coicus_n strosius_n with_o 500_o albanian_a horse_n and_o soon_o after_o gather_v a_o good_a fleet_n sail_v to_o ragusa_n and_o thence_o to_o barleta_n immediate_o upon_o his_o arrival_n the_o rebel_n raise_v the_o siege_n king_n ferdinand_n have_v join_v the_o succour_n send_v he_o by_o the_o pope_n and_o duke_n of_o milan_n overthrow_v his_o enemy_n in_o battle_n and_o soon_o recover_v the_o town_n that_o hold_v for_o they_o scanderbag_n have_v spend_v a_o year_n in_o this_o expedition_n return_v home_o well_o satisfy_v with_o the_o king_n who_o give_v he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o city_n trani_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o st._n john_n and_o siponto_n after_o this_o he_o obtain_v several_a victory_n over_o the_o turk_n and_o die_v at_o the_o end_n of_o seven_o year_n leave_v a_o son_n call_v john_n under_o the_o care_n of_o the_o venetian_n nevertheless_o he_o order_v he_o till_o he_o can_v recover_v his_o principality_n to_o live_v at_o naples_n upon_o what_o estate_n that_o king_n have_v give_v he_o from_o he_o be_v descend_v the_o most_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o castriot_n marquess_n of_o civita_n de_fw-fr santangelo_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n in_o spain_n charles_n prince_n of_o viana_n have_v obtain_v pardon_v for_o himself_o and_o his_o follower_n and_o the_o promise_n of_o a_o competent_a revenue_n for_o his_o maintenance_n come_v from_o majorca_n to_o barcelona_n on_o the_o 22d_o of_o march_n 1460._o it_o be_v propose_v to_o marry_v he_o with_o catherine_n sister_n 1460._o to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n when_o the_o match_n be_v as_o good_a as_o conclude_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n take_v it_o off_o offer_v he_o his_o sister_n elizabeth_n with_o assurance_n of_o obtain_v what_o he_o desire_v of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o castille_n hereupon_o prince_n charles_n no_o far_o think_v of_o the_o match_n with_o portugal_n and_o the_o princess_n catherine_n go_v into_o the_o monastery_n of_o she_o clare_n at_o lisbon_n where_o she_o end_v her_o day_n at_o such_o time_n as_o it_o be_v design_v to_o marry_v she_o to_o edward_n iv._o
of_o jaen_n there_o appear_v such_o a_o multitude_n of_o locust_n that_o they_o hide_v the_o sun_n every_o one_o interpret_v this_o and_o the_o like_a prodigy_n as_o his_o fear_n dictate_v rather_o than_o according_a to_o any_o reason_n at_o this_o time_n roderick_n sanchez_n de_fw-fr â—revalo_fw-la who_o command_v the_o castle_n of_o s._n angel_n at_o rome_n write_v in_o latin_a a_o history_n of_o spain_n more_o devout_a than_o elegant_a it_o be_v call_v palentina_n from_o the_o author_n who_o be_v afterward_o bishop_n of_o palencia_n pope_n paul_n ii_o give_v he_o that_o bishopric_n at_o the_o request_n of_o king_n henry_n to_o who_o he_o dedicate_v that_o history_n the_o say_v roderick_n sanchez_n though_o a_o spaniard_n be_v very_o familiar_a with_o that_o pope_n chap._n v._o peter_n the_o constable_n of_o portugal_n die_v the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n choose_v the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n for_o their_o king_n the_o battle_n of_o olmedo_n the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n and_o prince_z alonso_z of_o castille_n the_o king_n recover_v toledo_n the_o rebel_n of_o castille_n affront_v the_o pope_n legate_n and_o be_v excommunicate_v castile_n be_v full_a of_o confusion_n and_o tumult_n nothing_o but_o rapine_n and_o murder_n appear_v in_o all_o place_n the_o government_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o punish_v these_o insolence_n for_o this_o reason_n castille_n the_o town_n and_o city_n associate_v themselves_o and_o by_o the_o king_n consent_v rule_n be_v prescribe_v the_o head_n of_o the_o association_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o people_n general_o fear_v leave_v the_o moor_n shall_v again_o conquer_v spain_n the_o kingdom_n be_v no_o less_o debauch_v than_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n roderick_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n be_v common_o in_o scorn_n call_v d._n oppas_n which_o be_v the_o name_n of_o he_o that_o have_v help_v to_o betray_v the_o country_n to_o the_o infidel_n when_o they_o overran_a it_o these_o division_n encourage_v the_o earl_n of_o faux_n to_o invade_v navarre_n as_o his_o wife_n dower_n not_o content_a to_o expect_v the_o death_n of_o his_o father-in-law_n though_o he_o have_v blame_v that_o forwardness_n in_o his_o brother-in-law_n prince_n charles_n not_o so_o satisfy_v he_o resolve_v to_o oblige_v king_n henry_n of_o castille_n to_o deliver_v up_o those_o town_n of_o navarre_n in_o which_o he_o have_v garrison_n at_o the_o first_o onset_n he_o take_v the_o city_n calahorra_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o alfaro_n king_n henry_n send_v james_n enriquez_n del_fw-it castillo_n his_o chaplain_n who_o also_o write_v a_o chronicle_n of_o this_o king_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o earl_n but_o he_o find_v nothing_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o fair_a mean_n gather_v what_o force_n he_o can_v and_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n calahorra_n be_v also_o restore_v to_o the_o king_n the_o townsman_n expel_v the_o garrison_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o faux_n in_o catalonia_n the_o arragonian_n in_o several_a 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in_o league_n with_o he_o he_o also_o court_v the_o english_a and_o at_o the_o begin_n king_n of_o the_o year_n 1467_o send_v peter_n peralta_n his_o constable_n to_o castille_n to_o join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o confederate_a lord_n for_o the_o better_a compass_v his_o end_n he_o give_v commission_n to_o treat_v of_o match_v his_o daughter_n joanna_n with_o prince_n alonso_n and_o his_o son_n ferdinand_n with_o beatrix_n daughter_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o villena_n neither_o of_o these_o marriage_n have_v effect_v the_o earl_n of_o benavente_n at_o this_o time_n get_v prince_n alonso_z from_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n for_o pretend_v to_o entertain_v he_o in_o his_o castle_n of_o portillo_n when_o he_o have_v he_o in_o he'kept_a he_o yet_o not_o long_o after_o at_o 1467._o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n restore_v he_o to_o the_o rebellious_a lord_n thus_o all_o thing_n tend_v to_o open_a war_n which_o king_n henry_n earnest_o desire_v to_o prevent_v condescend_v again_o to_o have_v two_o conference_n with_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n but_o all_o to_o no_o effect_n notwithstanding_o the_o earl_n of_o plasencia_n lady_n a_o person_n of_o great_a part_n and_o well_o affect_v towards_o the_o king_n be_v present_a in_o hope_n she_o will_v reduce_v her_o husband_n and_o some_o other_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n be_v more_o subtle_a to_o gain_v a_o advantage_n than_o king_n henry_n to_o disappoint_v he_o another_o interview_n be_v appoint_v at_o plasencia_n which_o the_o loyal_a nobility_n be_v concern_v at_o say_v it_o be_v lessen_v of_o the_o king_n to_o have_v so_o many_o conference_n with_o a_o subject_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o summer_n the_o king_n remove_v from_o madrid_n to_o segovia_n and_o the_o rebel_n possess_v themselves_o of_o olmedo_n peter_n de_fw-fr silua_n commandant_n of_o the_o garrison_n deliver_v it_o up_o mota_n de_fw-fr medina_n belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o there_o be_v danger_n it_o will_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n king_n henry_n move_v by_o all_o these_o affront_v order_v great_a levy_n to_o be_v make_v then_o he_o summon_v the_o nobility_n there_o come_v to_o he_o the_o earl_n of_o medina_n celi_n the_o bishop_n of_o calahorra_n the_o duke_n of_o albuquerque_n who_o till_o then_o have_v be_v absent_a from_o court_n and_o peter_n hernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n who_o be_v pardon_v his_o former_a fault_n be_v now_o send_v by_o his_o father_n with_o 700_o horse_n and_o a_o good_a body_n of_o foot_n for_o this_o service_n he_o have_v the_o ten_o of_o the_o admiralty_n grant_v he_o so_o great_a fear_n have_v possess_v the_o king_n and_o he_o be_v so_o desirous_a to_o gain_v the_o nobility_n that_o to_o secure_v the_o marquis_n of_o santillana_n he_o deliver_v up_o his_o daughter_n joanna_n to_o be_v keep_v by_o he_o in_o his_o town_n of_o buytrago_n every_o one_o sell_v his_o service_n the_o dear_a he_o can_v the_o king_n 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which_o make_v the_o nobility_n very_o jealous_a see_v he_o prefer_v and_o reward_v when_o he_o deserve_v the_o severe_a punishment_n ellenor_n countess_n of_o faux_n govern_v navarre_n for_o her_o father_n nicholas_n echavaria_n bishop_n of_o pamplona_n recover_v urania_n which_o till_o then_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o castilian_n a_o son_n of_o this_o lady_n call_v gaston_n as_o be_v his_o father_n have_v at_o this_o time_n by_o his_o wife_n magdalen_n sister_n to_o lovis_n king_n of_o france_n a_o son_n call_v francis_n who_o for_o his_o great_a beauty_n have_v the_o surname_n of_o phaebeus_n his_o daughter_n catherine_n her_o brother_n die_v by_o marriage_n unite_v the_o state_n of_o albret_n and_o crown_n of_o navarre_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o its_o place_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n reside_v at_o tarragona_n to_o be_v near_o to_o give_v order_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n in_o catalonia_n
from_o pope_n pius_fw-la ii_o but_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v false_a by_o the_o bull_n afterward_o grant_v upon_o that_o occasion_n by_o pope_n sixtus_n iv._o king_n ferdinand_n be_v but_o 16_o year_n of_o age_n but_o proper_a and_o strong_a the_o new_a marry_a couple_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o pope_n king_n henry_n and_o other_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n excuse_v their_o be_v so_o hasty_a in_o marry_v they_o be_v force_v to_o borrow_v money_n for_o their_o expense_n about_o the_o same_o time_n henry_n son_n to_z prince_z henry_n of_o arragon_n be_v by_o the_o king_n his_o uncle_n create_v duke_n of_o segorve_n and_o alonso_n the_o king_n bastard-son_n earl_n of_o ribagorça_n on_o the_o 6_o of_o december_n die_v at_o rome_n d._n john_n cavajal_n cardinal_n and_o bishop_n of_o plasencia_n he_o be_v auditor_n de_fw-mi rota_n legate_n to_o three_o pope_n and_o a_o man_n of_o a_o good_a life_n he_o build_v a_o bridge_n over_o tagus_n in_o estremadura_n which_o be_v still_o call_v the_o cardinal_n bridge_n whilst_o king_n henry_n be_v busy_a settle_v the_o affair_n of_o sevil_n advice_n be_v send_v he_o from_o cantillana_n by_o the_o master_n of_o santiago_n of_o his_o sister_n marriage_n his_o displeasure_n be_v very_o great_a immediate_o he_o set_v out_o for_o truxillo_n design_v to_o give_v that_o town_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o plasencia_n for_o his_o good_a service_n during_o the_o trouble_n the_o townsman_n resolve_v to_o oppose_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n rather_o than_o use_v violence_n give_v he_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o the_o town_n of_o arevalo_n in_o old_a castille_n and_o because_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a so_o much_o as_o the_o other_o add_v to_o it_o the_o title_n of_o a_o duke_n at_o truxillo_n the_o master_n of_o alcantara_n who_o have_v side_v with_o prince_n alonso_n be_v pardon_v and_o the_o king_n give_v or_o restore_v the_o city_n coria_n to_o gutierre_n de_fw-fr caceres_n and_o solis_n his_o brother_n thus_o many_o who_o 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have_v fix_v his_o affection_n on_o his_o daughter_n joanna_n who_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n have_v send_v to_o demand_v in_o marriage_n for_o his_o brother_n charles_n create_v duke_n of_o guienne_n beside_o he_o press_v king_n henry_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o call_v a_o general_n council_n in_o opposition_n to_o pope_n paul_n with_o who_o he_o be_v at_o variance_n this_o request_n be_v flat_o deny_v by_o the_o king_n the_o business_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v put_v off_o at_o the_o same_o time_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n at_o cordova_n apprehend_v the_o marshal_n d._n james_n de_fw-fr cordova_n who_o suspect_v no_o such_o design_n he_o be_v soon_o release_v by_o the_o king_n order_n but_o think_v he_o shall_v obtain_v no_o satisfaction_n for_o that_o wrong_n go_v away_o to_o granada_n and_o thence_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n send_v a_o challenge_n to_o his_o adversary_n to_o fight_v upon_o the_o plain_a of_o granada_n on_o the_o appoint_a day_n have_v wait_v till_o sunset_n and_o d._n alonso_z not_o appear_v he_o drag_v his_o effigy_n at_o his_o horse_n tail_n that_o do_v he_o send_v letter_n to_o all_o part_n with_o picture_n represent_v that_o passage_n the_o knight_n of_o alcantara_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o master_n their_o master_n and_o the_o dispute_n come_v to_o open_a hostility_n the_o master_n not_o be_v able_a alone_o to_o oppose_v so_o many_o beg_v assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n gutierre_n de_fw-fr solis_fw-la they_o want_v money_n and_o garci_n alvarez_n de_fw-fr toledo_n earl_n of_o alva_n lend_v they_o a_o sum_n upon_o the_o mortgage_n of_o the_o city_n coria_n thus_o the_o earl_n afterward_o duke_n of_o alva_n get_v that_o city_n which_o be_v confirm_v to_o they_o by_o grant_n of_o king_n remain_v in_o the_o family_n to_o this_o day_n nothing_o remarkable_a happen_v between_o the_o master_n and_o knight_n only_o they_o hinder_v his_o force_n pass_v the_o river_n tagus_n and_o soon_o after_o they_o be_v disperse_v the_o master_n be_v thus_o out_v his_o estate_n die_v some_o year_n after_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n son_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o arevalo_n succeed_v he_o and_o be_v the_o last_o master_n of_o alcantara_n he_o resign_v up_o that_o dignity_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n d._n john_n pacheco_n master_n of_o santiago_n lay_v sick_a at_o ocena_fw-la be_v great_a in_o the_o king_n favour_n than_o ever_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o misdemeanour_n which_o occasion_v the_o people_n to_o say_v he_o have_v bewitch_v the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v give_v out_o the_o court_n remove_v to_o madrid_n only_o to_o be_v near_o he_o when_o he_o return_v to_o court_n after_o his_o sickness_n the_o king_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o escalona_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o refuse_v to_o receive_v he_o the_o king_n go_v thither_o in_o person_n to_o deliver_v it_o to_o he_o the_o earl_n of_o armagnac_n flee_v into_o spain_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v kill_v because_o he_o private_o marry_v the_o earl_n of_o faux_n daughter_n without_o her_o father_n consent_n he_o be_v well_o receive_v by_o the_o king_n and_o soon_o after_o return_v into_o france_n the_o cardinal_n of_o albi_fw-la in_o that_o king_n name_n assure_v he_o his_o life_n but_o it_o prove_v fatal_a to_o he_o as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o the_o biscayner_n who_o have_v be_v long_o divide_v into_o the_o faction_n of_o one_o and_o gamboas_n about_o this_o time_n fall_v biscay_n into_o great_a confusion_n peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n earl_n of_o haro_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n to_o appease_v they_o which_o he_o soon_o do_v banish_v the_o two_o head_n of_o the_o faction_n call_v peter_n de_fw-fr avendano_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr moxica_fw-la pope_n paul_n ii_o grant_v a_o jubilee_n to_o all_o that_o give_v alm_n two_o three_o thereof_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o rebuild_v the_o church_n of_o segovia_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o his_o own_o use_n king_n henry_n go_v 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queen_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o daughter_n of_o her_o own_o name_n ambassador_n come_v from_o france_n to_o press_v the_o marriage_n before_o treat_v of_o and_o it_o be_v now_o agree_v to_o all_o thing_n be_v conclude_v the_o marquis_n of_o santillana_n bring_v the_o princess_n joanna_n for_o which_o service_n and_o for_o have_v keep_v she_o the_o king_n give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o alcoçer_n valdolivas_fw-la and_o salmeron_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o countess_n of_o santistevan_n who_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o have_v the_o town_n of_o requena_n with_o all_o the_o duty_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v considerable_a because_o that_o place_n be_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o valencia_n a_o monastery_n of_o carthusian_n call_v paular_a between_o segovia_n and_o buytrago_n be_v the_o place_n
ampurias_fw-la and_o pardon_v all_o past_a fault_n which_o high_o oblige_v the_o earl_n of_o benavente_n his_o cousin_n it_o be_v now_o the_o easy_a to_o content_v he_o because_o he_o have_v lose_v all_o hope_n of_o marry_v the_o princess_n joanna_n she_o be_v go_v from_o escalona_n to_o truxillo_n in_o order_n to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n the_o town_n of_o perpignan_n be_v press_v with_o a_o long_a siege_n surrender_v on_o the_o 14_o of_o march_n upon_o condition_n the_o aragonian_a ambassador_n detain_v in_o france_n shall_v be_v release_v and_o the_o townsman_n have_v liberty_n either_o to_o stay_v there_o or_o depart_v whither_o they_o please_v a_o truce_n for_o 6_o month_n be_v conclude_v between_o france_n and_o arragon_n king_n ferdinand_n send_v a_o embassy_n into_o france_n to_o propose_v a_o peace_n and_o treat_v about_o restore_a russillon_n the_o king_n of_o france_n receive_v the_o ambassador_n honourable_o and_o send_v one_o to_o castille_n to_o propose_v a_o match_n betwixt_o the_o dauphin_n and_o the_o princess_n of_o castille_n which_o if_o conclude_v he_o promise_v supply_n of_o man_n and_o money_n to_o reduce_v the_o nobility_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o to_o stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o arbitrator_n as_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o russillon_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v not_o averse_a from_o this_o proposal_n but_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n resent_v it_o and_o complain_v that_o such_o important_a affair_n shall_v be_v manage_v without_o his_o privity_n above_o all_o he_o fear_v lest_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o set_v up_o another_o king_n in_o castille_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v ready_a on_o the_o frontier_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 5000_o horse_n and_o 14000_o foot_n thus_o all_o hope_n of_o accommodation_n be_v take_v away_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n prepare_v for_o war._n andrew_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n to_o make_v himself_o the_o more_o acceptable_a deliver_v up_o the_o royal_a treasure_n for_o which_o he_o be_v create_v marquis_n of_o moya_n earl_n of_o chinchon_n and_o hereditary_a governor_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o segovia_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n a_o great_a town_n of_o trade_n be_v secure_v to_o the_o king_n interest_n the_o castle_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n the_o rendezvous_n be_v at_o valladolid_n whither_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n go_v and_o soon_o gather_v a_o indifferent_a army_n king_n ferdinand_n stay_v in_o old_a castille_n where_o the_o people_n be_v well_o affect_v towards_o he_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_z pass_v the_o mountain_n to_o endeavour_v to_o appease_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n but_o he_o to_o avoid_v see_v she_o go_v away_o from_o alcalà _fw-fr to_o brihuega_n a_o strong_a little_a town_n pretend_v there_o be_v a_o design_n to_o kill_v he_o peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n the_o constable_n send_v by_o the_o queen_n upon_o the_o same_o errand_n can_v not_o prevail_v with_o he_o however_o the_o queen_n labour_n be_v not_o lose_v for_o she_o secure_v toledo_n put_v a_o garrison_n into_o that_o city_n and_o expel_v the_o earl_n of_o cifuentes_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr ribera_n who_o favour_v the_o archbishop_n she_o go_v not_o to_o madrid_n because_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n hold_v the_o castle_n this_o do_v she_o return_v to_o segovia_n to_o coin_v all_o the_o silver_n and_o gold_n that_o be_v there_o king_n ferdinand_n secure_v salamanca_n but_o the_o house_n of_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o other_o party_n be_v plunder_v zamora_n open_v the_o gate_n to_o he_o but_z alonso_z de_fw-fr valencia_n the_o governor_n will_v not_o deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n of_o which_o he_o be_v governor_n he_o think_v not_o fit_a to_o attempt_v reduce_v it_o by_o force_n nor_o to_o go_v to_o toro_n fear_v john_n de_fw-fr vlloa_n a_o powerful_a citizen_n who_o be_v inclinable_a to_o favour_v the_o portuguese_n have_v deserve_v death_n for_o several_a crime_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n be_v come_v to_o valladolid_n the_o city_n of_o alcaraz_n submit_v to_o they_o and_o the_o citizen_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n the_o earl_n of_o paredes_n the_o lord_n of_o coca_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o avila_n assist_v the_o townsman_n and_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n come_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o find_v himself_o too_o weak_a desist_v this_o loss_n move_v he_o by_o letter_n to_o hasten_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n that_o king_n be_v on_o the_o frontier_n near_o badajoz_n in_o may_n upon_o the_o 18_o day_n of_o which_o month_n he_o have_v a_o grandson_n bear_v at_o lisbon_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o good_a omen_n he_o be_v call_v alonso_n be_v swear_v heir_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o live_v not_o long_o the_o earl_n of_o feria_n who_o stand_v firm_a to_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v in_o badajoz_n and_o have_v late_o take_v a_o town_n call_v xerez_n the_o portuguese_n ought_v to_o have_v take_v the_o right_a hand_n way_n and_o break_v into_o andaluzia_n where_o carmona_n ezija_n and_o cordova_n be_v for_o they_o so_o that_o have_v secure_v sevil_n they_o have_v leave_v no_o enemy_n behind_o they_o yet_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o left_a and_o march_v through_o estremadura_n to_o plasencia_n in_o this_o city_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v contract_v to_o the_o princess_n joanna_n and_o though_o they_o consummate_v not_o the_o marriage_n expect_v a_o dispensation_n because_o of_o the_o near_a kindred_n that_o be_v betwixt_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v crown_v and_o proclaim_a heiress_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o castille_n here_o the_o king_n create_v lope_n de_fw-fr albuquerque_n earl_n of_o penamacor_n to_o reward_v his_o labour_n in_o gain_v the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n a_o manifesto_n be_v also_o publish_v and_o send_v to_o all_o part_n declare_v the_o right_n of_o the_o princess_n joanna_n and_o reflect_v on_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o war_n break_v out_o in_o several_a part_n at_o the_o same_o time_n villena_n with_o its_o dependency_n be_v infest_a with_o force_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n hereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o city_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o paredes_n take_v up_o arm_n and_o declare_v for_o king_n ferdinand_n have_v first_o capitulate_v that_o they_o shall_v for_o ever_o be_v incorporate_v in_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n cuidad_fw-es real_a be_v recover_v from_o the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n who_o have_v possess_v himself_o thereof_o without_o any_o other_o right_o than_o that_o of_o arms._n great_a havoc_n be_v make_v by_o both_o party_n in_o andaluzia_n and_o galicia_n peter_n alvarado_n save_v the_o city_n tuy_n for_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n the_o citizen_n of_o burgos_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o that_o city_n which_o inigo_n the_o zuniga_n the_o governor_n and_o d._n luis_n de_fw-fr acuna_n the_o bishop_n hold_v for_o the_o portuguese_n that_o king_n be_v call_v upon_o on_o every_o side_n know_v not_o whither_o to_o go_v first_o the_o nobility_n fail_v in_o their_o supply_n of_o man_n money_n and_o provision_n the_o people_n hate_v the_o portuguese_n and_o they_o themselves_o begin_v to_o grow_v weary_a of_o the_o war_n perceive_v king_n ferdinand_n who_o at_o the_o time_n they_o break_v into_o castille_n have_v scarce_o 500_o horse_n now_o head_v a_o army_n of_o 10000_o horse_n and_o 30000_o foot_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n march_v first_o to_o arevalo_n a_o town_n that_o be_v for_o he_o and_o thence_o go_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o toro_n and_o samora_n king_n ferdinand_n march_v after_o he_o and_o encamp_v near_o toro_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v design_v to_o relieve_v that_o castle_n which_o still_o hold_v out_o for_o he_o no_o action_n happen_v betwixt_o they_o king_n ferdinand_n send_v a_o challenge_n by_o a_o herald_n the_o portague_n answer_v his_o force_n be_v disperse_v yet_o offer_v to_o accept_v of_o single_a combat_n therefore_o king_n ferdinand_n not_o be_v able_a to_o relieve_v the_o castle_n which_o be_v at_o last_o surrender_v provision_n and_o money_n grow_v scarce_o return_v to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n the_o cortes_n assemble_v in_o that_o city_n grant_v he_o towards_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n half_o the_o silver_n and_o gold_n of_o the_o church_n provide_v he_o engage_v to_o restore_v it_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o kingdom_n be_v free_a from_o war._n then_o he_o send_v out_o to_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o burgos_n many_o say_v king_n ferdinand_n retire_v from_o toro_n through_o fear_n and_o that_o it_o denote_v a_o ill_a posture_n of_o affair_n certain_a it_o be_v it_o move_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n without_o regard_v the_o prayer_n of_o all_o his_o relation_n and_o friend_n to_o go_v away_o and_o join_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n with_o 500_o horse_n he_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o arevalo_n advise_v that_o king_n to_o march_v in_o
they_o from_o thence_o that_o they_o level_v it_o with_o the_o ground_n the_o garrison_n of_o both_o place_n according_a to_o article_n be_v conduct_v to_o portugal_n mendavia_n governor_n of_o castronuno_n receive_v 7000_o florin_n and_o deserve_v great_a praise_n for_o have_v so_o long_o defend_v that_o place_n against_o so_o great_a a_o power_n the_o queen_n be_v no_o less_o intent_n upon_o reduce_v truxillo_n the_o castle_n of_o whice_n place_n be_v hold_v for_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n peter_n de_fw-fr baeza_n the_o governor_n be_v summon_v answer_v at_o first_o that_o he_o will_v not_o surrender_v unless_o the_o marquisate_n of_o villena_n be_v restore_v to_o his_o lord_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v the_o queen_n offer_v to_o put_v those_o town_n into_o the_o power_n of_o a_o three_o person_n to_o be_v name_v by_o the_o governor_n who_o shall_v deliver_v they_o to_o the_o marquis_n at_o the_o end_n of_o 6_o month_n but_o he_o fear_v some_o fraud_n will_v not_o submit_v at_o last_o the_o marquis_n to_o please_v the_o queen_n go_v into_o the_o castle_n and_o can_v hardly_o persuade_v he_o to_o surrender_v the_o governor_n be_v so_o hig_o offend_v that_o he_o discharge_v himself_o from_o ever_o more_o serve_v the_o marquis_n who_o have_v not_o capitulate_v for_o he_o and_o his_o men._n king_n ferdinand_n on_o the_o one_o side_n desire_v to_o go_v to_o andaluzia_n whither_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n call_v he_o and_o on_o the_o other_o have_v a_o great_a mind_n to_o see_v his_o sister_n joanna_n before_o she_o embark_v for_o italy_n navarre_n keep_v he_o employ_v and_o he_o can_v not_o well_o depart_v thence_o that_o princess_n sail_v from_o barcelona_n in_o august_n aboard_o a_o fleet_n bring_v thither_o to_o carry_v she_o by_o d._n alonso_n her_o son_n in_o law_n d._n peter_n de_fw-fr guevara_n marquis_n del_fw-it gasto_n and_o many_o other_o person_n of_o quality_n she_o touch_v at_o genoa_n be_v there_o noble_o entertain_v and_o last_o arrive_v at_o naples_n there_o her_o marriage_n be_v celebrate_v with_o all_o expression_n of_o joy_n imaginable_a john_n lopez_n the_o medina-celi_a archdeacon_n of_o almaçan_n build_v a_o college_n at_o siguença_n for_o 13_o collegian_n and_o a_o monastery_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n hierome_n call_v st._n anton._n there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o the_o trouble_v either_o in_o castille_n or_o andaluzia_n every_o nobleman_n possese_v hold_n himself_o of_o what_o town_n he_o can_v the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n hold_v sevil_n the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n xerez_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n cordova_n their_o pretence_n be_v to_o secure_v themselves_o against_o their_o enemy_n especial_o the_o portuguese_n but_o the_o real_a design_n to_o enlarge_v their_o estate_n those_o very_a city_n be_v divide_v into_o faction_n in_o sevil_n some_o favour_v the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n other_o the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n in_o cordova_n be_v the_o faction_n of_o alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la queen_n elizabeth_z though_o advise_v to_o the_o contrary_a as_o have_v no_o sufficient_a force_n go_v first_o to_o sevil._n there_o she_o possess_v herself_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o triana_n and_o the_o other_o work_v belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n king_n ferdinand_n leave_v navarre_n and_o have_v in_o some_o manner_n settle_v old_a castille_n constitute_v peter_n de_fw-fr villaldrando_n earl_n of_o ribadeo_n governor_n of_o galicia_n and_o his_o own_o brother_n d._n alonso_z de_fw-fr arragon_n with_o the_o constable_n lieutenant_n of_o castille_n this_o do_v he_o set_v out_o towards_o andaluzia_n by_o the_o way_n visit_v the_o church_n of_o guadalupe_n and_o order_v the_o duke_n of_o alva_n and_o earl_n of_o benavente_n to_o bear_v he_o company_n be_v suspicious_a of_o they_o because_o it_o be_v give_v out_o they_o be_v associate_a with_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n on_o the_o 3d_o of_o september_n he_o come_v to_o sevil_n there_o he_o find_v the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n be_v suspect_v and_o it_o be_v say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o be_v inclinable_a to_o assist_v the_o portuguese_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n keep_v a_o garrison_n at_o alcalà _fw-fr de_fw-fr guadaira_n under_o the_o king_n nose_n it_o be_v propose_v to_o gain_v and_o appease_v he_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o have_v a_o meeting_n with_o the_o king_n by_o himself_o at_o night_n it_o be_v move_v that_o he_o shall_v deliver_v up_o the_o fort_n he_o have_v take_v he_o answer_v he_o can_v not_o do_v it_o unless_o the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n at_o the_o same_o time_n surrender_v the_o fortress_n of_o nebrixa_n and_o utrera_n and_o other_o castle_n otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v only_o weaken_v of_o he_o to_o strengthen_v his_o adversary_n this_o demand_n be_v think_v reasonable_a and_o therefore_o both_o of_o they_o deliver_v up_o their_o fort_n to_o the_o king_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_n be_v induce_v to_o follow_v their_o example_n especial_o because_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v by_o d._n james_n de_fw-fr cordova_n earl_n of_o cordova_n with_o the_o king_n of_o granada_n in_o who_o they_o repose_v their_o great_a confidence_n the_o affair_n of_o navarre_n be_v in_o a_o worse_a posture_n and_o no_o hope_n of_o any_o composition_n because_o the_o old_a animosity_n go_v on_o the_o princess_n elinor_n seek_v some_o remedy_n and_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n that_o the_o term_n of_o 16_o month_n wherein_o they_o have_v promise_v to_o accommodate_v all_o affair_n be_v near_o expire_a at_o the_o same_o time_n she_o protest_v that_o since_o there_o be_v no_o help_n in_o her_o father_n or_o brother_n she_o will_v have_v recourse_n to_o some_o other_o the_o blame_n whereof_o must_v lie_v at_o their_o door_n who_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o for_o if_o some_o care_n be_v not_o take_v that_o kingdom_n must_v inevitable_o run_v to_o ruin_v great_a misfortune_n make_v the_o afflict_a speak_v bold_o nevertheless_o all_o be_v deaf_a to_o these_o complaint_n both_o king_n be_v far_o off_o and_o they_o embroil_v with_o affair_n of_o their_o own_o beside_o the_o affair_n of_o rusillon_n those_o of_o sicily_n and_o sardinia_n perplex_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n raimund_n floch_n sardinia_n earl_n of_o cardona_n be_v viceroy_n of_o sicily_n he_o go_v over_o to_o naples_n with_o queen_n joanna_n and_o return_v thence_o to_o his_o command_n at_o such_o time_n as_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n die_v young_a his_o earldom_n of_o modica_n fall_v to_o his_o sister_n anne_n many_o aim_v at_o that_o estate_n some_o will_v exclude_v she_o other_o aspire_v to_o marry_v she_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n because_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o find_v a_o husband_n to_o that_o great_a fortune_n resolve_v to_o marry_v she_o to_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr arragon_n bastard_z son_n to_o his_o son_n king_n ferdinand_n this_o do_v not_o succeed_v but_o afterward_o frederick_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o the_o admiral_n of_o castille_n carry_v she_o from_o all_o his_o rival_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v join_v that_o earldom_n to_o his_o own_o patrimony_n in_o sardinia_n leonard_n de_fw-fr alagon_n marquis_n of_o oristan_n mutinied_a he_o have_v never_o be_v thorough_o pacify_v and_o now_o complain_v of_o new_a wrong_n do_v he_o by_o nicholas_n carroz_n de_fw-fr arborea_fw-la neither_o age_n nor_o sickness_n hinder_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n from_o attend_v public_a affair_n the_o marquis_n of_o oristan_n be_v impeach_v and_o judgement_n give_v against_o he_o at_o barcelona_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o october_n by_o which_o he_o be_v declare_v to_o have_v forfeit_v his_o estate_n one_o only_a ship_n be_v send_v with_o recruit_n which_o be_v a_o small_a succour_n the_o war_n last_v long_o king_n ferdinand_n after_o reduce_v andaluzia_n be_v still_o in_o care_n about_o portugal_n he_o rejoice_v that_o though_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n have_v bring_v home_o a_o dispensation_n 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to_o every_o man_n fancy_n but_o what_o most_o trouble_v they_o be_v to_o see_v those_o who_o carry_v the_o standard_n to_o church_n to_o be_v bless_v look_v extraordinary_o melancholy_a other_o laugh_v at_o all_o these_o observation_n as_o at_o vain_a and_o accidental_a thing_n the_o day_n follow_v the_o king_n go_v away_o to_o ezija_n all_o person_n of_o any_o note_n strive_v to_o have_v part_n in_o that_o undertake_n according_a as_o have_v be_v resolve_v they_o march_v to_o loxa_n where_o they_o encamp_v and_o entrench_v themselves_o near_o the_o suburb_n among_o olive_n garden_n on_o that_o side_n where_o the_o river_n xenil_n be_v so_o straighten_v by_o high_a bank_n that_o it_o be_v not_o sordable_a the_o ground_n be_v straight_o and_o not_o proper_a for_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o citizen_n be_v master_n of_o the_o bridge_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o pass_v the_o river_n near_o this_o place_n be_v a_o hill_n call_v albohacen_n which_o be_v commodious_a to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n 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in_o their_o march_n the_o army_n attack_v velez_n a_o town_n near_o malaga_n the_o garrison_n sally_v fall_v upon_o the_o troop_n of_o galicia_n which_o though_o courageous_a enough_o not_o be_v well_o discipline_v be_v worsted_n till_o other_o force_n come_v up_o the_o enemy_n be_v drive_v within_o the_o wall_n the_o suburb_n be_v take_v the_o artillery_n be_v plant_v to_o batter_v the_o town_n all_o the_o country_n about_o rose_n to_o succour_v the_o besiege_a but_o to_o no_o purpose_n albohardil_n understand_v the_o design_n of_o the_o christian_n resolve_v to_o relieve_v that_o city_n on_o which_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n depend_v to_o this_o purpose_n he_o send_v before_o reduan_n venegas_n governor_n of_o granada_n a_o brave_a soldier_n with_o some_o foot_n and_o 300_o horse_n promise_v to_o follow_v they_o very_o speedy_o reduan_n design_v to_o surprise_v our_o guard_n and_o nail_v the_o cannon_n his_o design_n fail_v the_o moorish_a king_n come_v and_o encamp_v on_o a_o 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castille_n and_o many_o arragonian_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o draw_v a_o trench_n round_o the_o city_n to_o terminate_v at_o the_o sea_n on_o both_o side_n and_o to_o keep_v a_o force_n on_o the_o hill_n on_o which_o the_o lesser_a fort_n stand_v the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n command_v on_o the_o hill_n the_o queen_n come_v to_o the_o siege_n and_o with_o her_o the_o cardinal_n of_o spain_n and_o bishop_n of_o avila_n many_o skirmish_n happen_v before_o the_o trench_n be_v finish_v in_o one_o of_o which_o john_n the_o ortega_n who_o have_v do_v great_a service_n this_o war_n be_v kill_v on_o the_o 29_o of_o may_v 3000_o moor_n sally_v and_o attack_v the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n his_o quarter_n kill_v the_o outguard_n and_o enter_v his_o work_n the_o marquis_n nothing_o daunt_v have_v draw_v up_o his_o man_n charge_v the_o enemy_n many_o be_v kill_v on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o marquis_n
easy_o reconcile_v to_o the_o church_n if_o ambassador_n be_v send_v and_o peace_n and_o commerce_n settle_v with_o they_o but_o most_o of_o these_o thing_n happen_v some_o year_n late_a it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o castille_n chap._n vii_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n the_o city_n associate_n there_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n renew_v and_o several_a place_n take_v from_o they_o which_o they_o with_o the_o same_o facility_n recover_v maximilian_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n aim_n to_o marry_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n after_o the_o take_n of_o malaga_n when_o king_n ferdinand_n think_v to_o have_v go_v on_o in_o his_o conquest_n the_o trouble_n in_o arragon_n oblge_v he_o to_o go_v thither_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o murder_n granada_n and_o robbery_n commit_v there_o at_o valencia_n d._n philip_n de_fw-fr arragon_n master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o montesa_n kill_v john_n de_fw-fr valterra_fw-la a_o noble_a youth_n and_o his_o rival_n for_o both_o court_v the_o lady_n ellenor_n marchioness_n of_o cotron_n and_o daughter_n of_o anthony_n centellas_fw-la which_o occasion_v great_a tumult_n in_o that_o city_n to_o obviate_v these_o harm_n king_n ferdinand_n set_v out_o from_o cordova_n and_o arrive_v at_o zaragoça_n on_o the_o 19_o of_o november_n the_o manner_n of_o choose_v magistrate_n in_o that_o city_n be_v alter_v the_o council_n and_o commons_o use_v before_o to_o have_v the_o election_n of_o they_o and_o now_o because_o that_o produce_v dispute_n and_o mutiny_n they_o desire_v for_o the_o future_a the_o nomination_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n beside_o the_o town_n associate_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o castille_n each_o engage_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o 150_o horse_n who_o be_v to_o travel_v about_o and_o punish_v all_o malefactor_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o choose_n of_o the_o captain_n of_o this_o association_n or_o brotherhood_n out_o of_o 3_o citizen_n of_o zaragoça_n name_v by_o the_o council_n of_o that_o city_n law_n be_v also_o enact_v to_o prevent_v their_o abuse_v the_o power_n give_v they_o this_o be_v conclude_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1488._o at_o the_o same_o time_n 1488._o come_v leonard_n tocco_n a_o grecian_a and_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n who_o the_o turk_n have_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o dominion_n and_o oblige_v to_o fly_v into_o italy_n ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n to_o conclude_v the_o match_n before_o propose_v betwixt_o the_o grandson_n of_o that_o king_n and_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n daughter_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n this_o affair_n take_v not_o effect_n because_o the_o king_n design_v to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o else_o to_o the_o prince_n of_o portugal_n hope_v that_o will_v be_v a_o secure_a band_n of_o friendship_n with_o either_o of_o those_o nation_n instead_o of_o she_o he_o offer_v his_o other_o daughter_n the_o princess_n mary_n from_o zaragoça_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n go_v to_o valencia_n thither_o come_v to_o they_o alan_n father_n to_o john_n d'_fw-fr albret_n king_n of_o navarre_n he_o come_v to_o ask_v succour_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o have_v conquer_a part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o the_o navarrois_n themselves_o who_o be_v in_o rebellion_n particular_o the_o biamonteses_n be_v possess_v of_o great_a part_n of_o navarre_n and_o keep_v the_o king_n out_o notwithstanding_o but_o three_o year_n before_o all_o thing_n have_v be_v agree_v and_o the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n with_o his_o whole_a family_n and_o follower_n have_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o possession_n and_o other_o give_v they_o that_o they_o may_v rest_v content_v it_o be_v also_o propose_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v protect_v francis_n duke_n of_o brittany_n who_o daughter_n ann_n many_o prince_n seek_v to_o have_v to_o wife_n because_o he_o have_v no_o heir_n male._n charles_n the_o 8_o king_n of_o france_n make_v war_n on_o he_o on_o this_o account_n mounseur_fw-fr d'_fw-fr albret_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n favour_v that_o duke_n maximilian_n then_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v assault_v by_o the_o people_n of_o bruges_n in_o flanders_n and_o keep_v prisoner_n all_o these_o thing_n trouble_v the_o king_n because_o maximilian_n be_v a_o friend_n to_o spain_n and_o d'_fw-fr albret_n who_o give_v the_o intelligence_n his_o confederate_n in_o fine_a a_o league_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o alan_n against_o all_o prince_n except_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a for_o alan_n or_o his_o son_n to_o disoblige_v because_o their_o dominion_n be_v either_o in_o his_o power_n or_o at_o least_o lay_v expose_v to_o he_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v counterfeit_n for_o the_o real_a design_n be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o force_n of_o spain_n against_o france_n it_o be_v agree_v among_o other_o thing_n that_o a_o fleet_n shall_v be_v fittedout_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o biscay_n and_o man_n raise_v to_o be_v send_v to_o brittany_n under_o the_o command_n of_o michael_n john_n de_fw-fr gralla_n a_o catalonian_n all_o this_o affair_n be_v conclude_v and_o sign_v on_o the_o 21th_o of_o march._n the_o cortes_n of_o valencia_n be_v open_v in_o that_o city_n and_o break_v up_o at_o origuela_n to_o settle_v that_o country_n which_o do_v king_n ferdinand_n make_v haste_n through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n that_o border_n moor_n on_o the_o moorish_a territory_n great_a preparation_n be_v make_v for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o subdue_a that_o country_n where_o albohardil_n with_o much_o difficulty_n support_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n though_o still_o strong_a than_o his_o nephew_n as_o be_v possess_v of_o guadix_fw-la almeria_n and_o baça_n with_o all_o the_o mountain_n country_n of_o granada_n which_o be_v as_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n whence_o he_o gather_v a_o great_a revenue_n because_o the_o mountain_n be_v untouched_a beside_o the_o great_a advantage_n make_v of_o the_o silken_a manufacture_n which_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o spain_n the_o native_n hate_v boabdil_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o coward_n and_o friend_n to_o the_o christian_n and_o albohardil_n have_v gain_v reputation_n by_o take_v a_o great_a booty_n about_o alcalà _fw-fr real_a john_n de_fw-fr benavides_n who_o command_v there_o soon_o revenge_v this_o loss_n burn_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o almeria_n the_o warlike_a preparation_n be_v not_o carry_v on_o with_o that_o vigour_n the_o king_n can_v have_v wish_v because_o andaluzia_n have_v suffer_v this_o year_n and_o the_o last_o by_o the_o plague_n the_o king_n order_v the_o rendezvouz_n to_o be_v at_o murcia_n where_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o attack_v vera_n a_o town_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n no_o resistance_n be_v make_v but_o it_o surrender_v on_o the_o 10_o of_o june_n muxacra_fw-la velez_n el_fw-es blanco_n and_o velez_n el_fw-es rubio_n with_o several_a other_o town_n and_o castle_n that_o be_v not_o well_o fortify_v do_v the_o same_o the_o king_n be_v desirous_a to_o lay_v siege_n to_o almeria_n a_o city_n in_o that_o neighbourhood_n a_o impregnable_a castle_n call_v taberna_fw-la stand_v in_o the_o way_n and_o the_o old_a moorish_a king_n come_v in_o person_n with_o 1000_o horse_n and_o 20000_o foot_n to_o put_v a_o garrison_n into_o it_o resolve_v to_o lie_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o cut_v off_o our_o party_n and_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n because_o his_o man_n be_v raw_a and_o undisciplined_a the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o fight_n our_o force_n have_v the_o more_o liberty_n to_o waste_v the_o country_n most_o harm_n be_v do_v about_o almeria_n and_o baça_n which_o be_v a_o fruitful_a country_n because_o water_v the_o channel_n that_o convey_v the_o water_n be_v the_o occasion_n that_o many_o of_o our_o man_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o among_o they_o d._n philip_n de_fw-fr arragon_n master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o montesa_n a_o forward_a and_o brave_a youth_n to_n king_n ferdinand_n his_o force_n be_v weak_a and_o he_o call_v away_o upon_o other_o affair_n have_v garrison_v the_o frontier_n go_v away_o towards_o castille_n no_o soon_o be_v he_o go_v but_o the_o moorish_a king_n recover_v all_o the_o town_n have_v be_v take_v from_o he_o mean_o while_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o guasin_n a_o very_a strong_a town_n near_o ronda_n conspire_v put_v all_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o they_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o that_o action_n for_o the_o neighbour_a moor_n to_o show_v they_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o that_o slaughter_n and_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v suffer_v for_o it_o assemble_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o guasin_n the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n and_o earl_n of_o cifuentes_n come_v with_o force_n from_o sevil_n to_o their_o assistance_n and_o have_v take_v the_o town_n in_o revenge_n either_o put_v
all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n or_o sell_v they_o as_o slave_n king_n ferdinand_n come_v to_o valladolid_n upon_o the_o 6_o of_o september_n there_o a_o opportunity_n be_v offer_v he_o of_o recover_v the_o city_n placencia_n which_o the_o late_a king_n have_v alienate_v and_o give_v to_o the_o family_n of_o zuniga_n d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n die_v a_o grandson_n of_o he_o who_o father_n be_v dead_a before_o inherit_v his_o estate_n james_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n uncle_n to_o the_o heir_n pretend_v he_o have_v a_o better_a right_n as_o be_v son_n to_o the_o decease_a the_o kindred_n be_v divide_v between_o both_o thus_o the_o family_n of_o the_o caravajale_v seize_v the_o city_n but_o can_v not_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o castle_n which_o be_v well_o defend_v by_o the_o garrison_n king_n ferdinand_n come_v to_o appease_v that_o sedition_n seize_v all_o d._n alvero_n the_o new_a duke_n surrender_v and_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o town_n of_o bejar_n and_o its_o dependency_n in_o lieu_n of_o that_o city_n this_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o all_o the_o nobility_n fear_v they_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o restore_v to_o the_o king_n now_o grow_v strong_a all_o they_o have_v extort_a from_o his_o predecessor_n in_o time_n of_o consusion_n new_a tumult_n break_v out_o in_o arragon_n upon_o account_n that_o the_o nobility_n be_v for_o break_v off_o the_o association_n not_o long_o since_o form_v betwixt_o the_o city_n as_o a_o thing_n that_o curb_a they_o they_o never_o give_v over_o till_o some_o year_n after_o at_o the_o cortes_n hold_v at_o barcelona_n they_o obtain_v the_o association_n shall_v be_v dissolve_v for_o ten_o year_n john_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n and_o alvero_n arronio_n be_v send_v ambassador_n to_o flanders_n to_o procure_v the_o liberty_n of_o maximilian_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n imprison_v by_o the_o people_n of_o bruges_n they_o manage_v their_o business_n so_o well_o that_o he_o be_v release_v and_o reconcile_v to_o 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and_o do_v we_o some_o harm_n our_o man_n be_v entangle_v betwixt_o the_o channel_n of_o water_n but_o other_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n the_o enemy_n be_v repulse_v with_o considerable_a loss_n several_a other_o skirmish_n happen_v our_o man_n destroy_v all_o the_o orchard_n about_o the_o city_n our_o man_n can_v not_o deal_v with_o the_o enemy_n upon_o equal_a term_n but_o they_o overpowr_v they_o in_o number_n thus_o the_o siege_n be_v prolong_v and_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v dubious_a whether_o he_o have_v not_o best_o raise_v the_o siege_n especial_o because_o he_o lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n by_o sickness_n and_o other_o accident_n the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n then_o make_v a_o duke_n advise_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n however_o the_o king_n resolve_v to_o continue_v it_o and_o the_o more_o to_o curb_n the_o besiege_a cause_v a_o trench_n to_o be_v draw_v quite_o round_o the_o wall_n with_o nine_o fort_n at_o convenient_a distance_n all_o strong_o guard_v to_o prevent_v be_v surprise_v by_o the_o enemy_n sally_v all_o the_o army_n be_v convenient_o post_v about_o the_o place_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o cadiz_n with_o 4000_o horse_n have_v charge_n of_o the_o artillery_n thus_o no_o relief_n can_v enter_v the_o city_n but_o they_o have_v plenty_n of_o provision_n in_o the_o camp_n there_o be_v great_a scarcity_n of_o bread_n and_o money_n and_o yet_o fresh_a troop_n come_v in_o daily_a about_o october_n come_v the_o duke_n of_o najara_n and_o alva_n in_o mourn_v for_o their_o father_n late_o decease_v the_o admiral_n also_o come_v and_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr astorga_n soon_o after_o arrive_v the_o queen_n with_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n the_o cardinal_n of_o toledo_n and_o other_o prelate_n the_o queen_n come_v as_o i_o believe_v alter_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o besiege_a believe_v now_o the_o siege_n be_v fix_v hazen_n the_o
governor_n have_v consult_v his_o king_n who_o be_v at_o guadix_fw-la though_o he_o may_v have_v hold_v out_o much_o long_o surrender_v the_o city_n when_o least_o the_o christian_n expect_v it_o on_o the_o four_o of_o december_n the_o capitulation_n be_v sign_v and_o the_o day_n follow_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n enter_v the_o city_n in_o triumphant_a manner_n james_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n lieutenant_n of_o caçorla_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o cardinal_n of_o spain_n be_v make_v governor_n this_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o moor_n that_o many_o town_n surrender_v give_v hostage_n and_o furnish_v corn_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n among_o these_o the_o chief_a be_v taverna_n and_o seron_n what_o be_v more_o wonderful_a the_o city_n guadix_fw-la and_o almeria_n either_o of_o which_o may_v have_v endure_v a_o long_a siege_n submit_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n king_n albohardil_n himself_o consent_v to_o it_o and_o come_v out_o of_o almeria_n to_o meet_v king_n ferdinand_n in_o the_o camp_n by_o who_o he_o be_v splendid_o entertain_v beside_o two_o strong_a castle_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n be_v take_v the_o one_o call_v almunecar_o in_o which_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n use_v to_o be_v keep_v the_o other_o be_v solobrena_n where_o the_o brother_n and_o son_n of_o the_o king_n use_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o nature_n or_o prisoner_n francis_n ramirez_n general_n of_o the_o artillery_n who_o have_v behave_v himself_o brave_o upon_o several_a occasion_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o that_o castle_n after_o perform_v such_o great_a action_n a_o review_n of_o the_o army_n be_v take_v on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n precede_v the_o year_n 1490_o and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o muster_n roll_v 20000_o man_n be_v lose_v 3000_o of_o they_o kill_v by_o the_o moor_n the_o rest_n consume_v by_o sickness_n many_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n be_v freeze_v to_o 1490._o death_n king_n ferdinand_n let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n 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queen_n go_v away_o to_o ecija_n and_o thence_o to_o sevil._n all_o place_n by_o the_o way_n receive_v they_o as_o if_o they_o have_v drop_v from_o heaven_n foreign_a prince_n move_v by_o the_o fame_n of_o these_o great_a action_n send_v to_o congratulate_v with_o they_o and_o seek_v their_o friendship_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n in_o prosecution_n of_o what_o have_v be_v before_o treat_v desire_v portugal_n to_o marry_v his_o son_n alonso_n to_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n as_o a_o sure_a bond_n of_o friendship_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n he_o send_v ambassador_n to_o this_o purpose_n and_o the_o match_n be_v agree_v upon_o at_o sevil_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o april_n there_o be_v great_a rejoice_v on_o this_o account_n in_o both_o kingdom_n but_o less_o in_o portugal_n because_o the_o follow_a month_n the_o princess_n joanna_n sister_n to_o that_o king_n die_v at_o aveiro_n unmarried_a neither_o be_v the_o joy_n of_o castille_n last_v though_o the_o princess_n from_o 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air_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o father_n river_n tagus_n prince_n alonso_n who_o be_v with_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o run_v a_o race_n with_o john_n de_fw-fr meneses_n in_o the_o course_n the_o horse_n stumble_v and_o fall_v so_o bruise_v the_o prince_n that_o he_o soon_o die_v it_o be_v needless_a to_o represent_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o parent_n and_o wife_n grief_n his_o body_n be_v bury_v with_o the_o usual_a pomp_n among_o his_o ancestor_n the_o princess_n elizabeth_n no_o soon_o a_o wife_n than_o a_o widow_n return_v to_o castille_n in_o a_o mourn_a litter_n grief_n cast_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n into_o a_o linger_a disease_n of_o which_o he_o die_v 4_o year_n after_o he_o found_v the_o royal_a hospital_n at_o lisbon_n and_o lay_v the_o first_o stone_n of_o it_o he_o leave_v no_o issue_n male_a lawful_o beget_v only_a d._n george_n who_o he_o have_v by_o the_o lady_n ann_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n and_o who_o though_o but_o a_o child_n he_o leave_v master_n of_o avis_n and_o santiago_n in_o portugal_n after_o his_o death_n a_o new_a line_n of_o king_n begin_v emanuel_n cousin_n german_n to_o the_o decease_a king_n and_o son_n to_o ferdinand_n duke_n of_o viseo_n inherit_v the_o crown_n john_n iii_o be_v son_n to_o this_o king_n and_o prince_n john_n his_o grandson_n who_o die_v young_a inherit_v not_o the_o crown_n therefore_o king_n sebastian_n son_n to_o the_o prince_n succeed_v he_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o moor_n in_o africa_n leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n first_o to_o cardinal_n henry_n his_o great_a uncle_n and_o after_o he_o to_o philip_n ii_o king_n of_o castille_n who_o be_v also_o nephew_n to_o the_o cardinal_n and_o grandson_n to_o king_n emanuel_n by_o his_o mother_n elizabeth_n the_o empress_n let_v we_o leave_v this_o and_o return_v to_o the_o war_n of_o granada_n king_n ferdinand_n earnest_o desire_v to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n which_o be_v so_o well_o advance_v beside_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o city_n granada_n and_o that_o it_o be_v abundant_o furnish_v with_o all_o necessary_n another_o great_a difficulty_n perplex_v the_o king_n which_o be_v that_o his_o word_n people_n be_v engage_v to_o king_n boabdil_n that_o neither_o he_o nor_o he_o shall_v be_v prejudice_v by_o he_o a_o opportunity_n offer_v itself_o of_o subdue_a that_o city_n without_o breach_n of_o faith_n the_o citizen_n without_o regard_v the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o from_o abroad_o besiege_v their_o king_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o albaycin_n and_o press_v he_o so_o hard_o that_o scarce_o any_o hope_n be_v leave_v of_o save_v himself_o the_o furious_a multitude_n threaten_v never_o to_o desist_v till_o they_o have_v his_o life_n it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a to_o forsake_v that_o unhappy_a prince_n when_o he_o beg_v relief_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n threaten_v that_o if_o king_n ferdinand_n do_v not_o give_v over_o persecute_v the_o moor_n he_o will_v put_v to_o death_n 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this_o in_o september_n when_o he_o spend_v 15_o day_n in_o destroy_v all_o the_o latter_a corn_n on_o which_o the_o moor_n hope_v to_o feed_v the_o follow_a year_n the_o moor_n at_o guadix_fw-la mutinied_a and_o think_v to_o have_v destroy_v the_o garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n but_o fail_v and_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n come_v with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n turn_v they_o out_o of_o the_o city_n which_o prevent_v any_o disorder_n for_o the_o future_a k._n ferdinand_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n again_o ravage_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o granada_n boabdil_n besiege_v salobreria_n which_o francis_n ramirez_n defend_v with_o much_o bravery_n the_o moor_n believe_v king_n ferdinand_n will_v relieve_v the_o place_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o return_v to_o granada_n because_o the_o subject_n of_o abohardil_n mutinied_a and_o will_v not_o obey_v he_o king_n ferdinand_z according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v capitulate_v permit_v he_o to_o go_v over_o 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arm_n and_o horse_n only_o deliver_v up_o the_o artillery_n that_o they_o keep_v their_o mosque_n and_o have_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n that_o they_o be_v govern_v according_a to_o their_o own_o law_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n person_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n shall_v be_v appoint_v by_o who_o advice_n the_o king_n officer_n shall_v administer_v justice_n to_o they_o that_o part_n of_o the_o usual_a tax_n be_v abate_v during_o the_o term_n of_o three_o year_n and_o shall_v never_o after_o be_v great_a than_o they_o use_v to_o pay_v to_o their_o own_o king_n that_o such_o as_o will_v go_v over_o into_o africa_n may_v sell_v their_o good_n and_o shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o ship_n for_o their_o passage_n in_o any_o port_n they_o shall_v choose_v that_o boabdil_n son_n and_o the_o other_o hostage_n deliver_v by_o he_o be_v restore_v since_o the_o city_n be_v surrender_v there_o be_v no_o more_o occasion_n for_o hostage_n according_o they_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o castle_n of_o moclin_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o chap._n x._o a_o mighty_a mutiny_n raise_v in_o granada_n by_o a_o fanatic_a moor_n the_o city_n surrender_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o character_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n their_o triumphal_a entry_n into_o granada_n and_o universal_a joy_n for_o their_o success_n the_o surrender_n of_o granada_n be_v agree_v upon_o in_o this_o manner_n all_o have_v like_a to_o have_v be_v break_v off_o again_o upon_o the_o follow_a occasion_n in_o all_o place_n the_o multitude_n but_o especial_o moor._n among_o the_o moor_n be_v faithless_a disloyal_a changeable_a inclinable_a to_o mutiny_n hate_v peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o upon_o any_o small_a motive_n run_v into_o sedition_n a_o certain_a moor_n who_o name_n be_v not_o yet_o know_v as_o if_o he_o be_v possess_v with_o some_o fury_n or_o quite_o distract_v with_o violent_a word_n cease_v not_o to_o persuade_v the_o people_n to_o take_v arms._n he_o preach_v and_o harangued_a the_o multitude_n at_o the_o corner_n of_o street_n and_o in_o the_o market_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n and_o horrid_a countenance_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o stir_v up_o 20000_o man_n to_o take_v arm_n and_o run_v about_o like_o man_n out_o of_o their_o sense_n the_o cause_n of_o their_o discontent_n or_o what_o they_o aim_v at_o be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o the_o remedy_n hard_a to_o be_v find_v boabdil_n call_v the_o little_a king_n fear_v they_o will_v offer_v violence_n to_o he_o keep_v close_o within_o the_o alhambra_n the_o multitude_n be_v furious_a at_o first_o but_o soon_o cool_a chief_o they_o who_o have_v no_o head_n and_o be_v consequent_o weak_a and_o know_v not_o their_o own_o mind_n therefore_o the_o next_o day_n the_o king_n go_v to_o the_o albaizin_n where_o the_o people_n be_v well_o affect_v towards_o he_o there_o he_o
from_o the_o mouth_n of_o indus_n extend_v to_o malabar_n and_o that_o to_o cape_n comori_fw-la betwixt_o these_o two_o nation_n in_o a_o small_a island_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o decan_n be_v seat_v the_o famous_a city_n goa_n the_o front_n of_o it_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o part_n by_o two_o arm_n of_o a_o river_n among_o the_o malabar_n there_o be_v four_o condition_n of_o people_n the_o nobility_n call_v caymale_n the_o priest_n brahman_n who_o authority_n be_v great_a the_o soldiery_n style_v nayre_n and_o the_o commonalty_n such_o as_o tradesman_n and_o country_n people_n general_o the_o merchant_n be_v stranger_n from_o the_o waste_n upward_o they_o go_v naked_a the_o low_a part_n be_v cover_v with_o silk_n or_o cotton_n their_o cymiter_n hang_v down_o from_o their_o shoulder_n their_o custom_n and_o worship_n be_v very_o strange_a let_v it_o suffice_v to_o say_v the_o woman_n marry_v as_o many_o husband_n as_o they_o please_v and_o therefore_o the_o sort_n do_v not_o inherit_v the_o father_n estate_n but_o the_o son_n of_o sister_n be_v the_o heir_n malabar_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a kingdom_n the_o chief_a whereof_o who_o all_o the_o other_o look_v upon_o as_o their_o superior_a and_o be_v therefore_o call_v zamori_fw-la that_o be_v emperor_n be_v the_o king_n of_o calicut_n a_o rich_a and_o large_a city_n seat_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o coast_n the_o house_n in_o it_o do_v not_o stand_v close_o together_o but_o at_o great_a interval_n each_o have_v garden_n and_o orchard_n belong_v to_o it_o only_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o temple_n be_v of_o stone_n the_o rest_n of_o timber_n low_a and_o cover_v with_o leaf_n of_o palm-tree_n neither_o the_o noble_n nor_o commons_o be_v allow_v to_o raise_v stately_a building_n this_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o calicut_n when_o vasco_n de_fw-fr gama_n arrive_v there_o many_o boat_n come_v out_o immediate_o to_o see_v such_o strange_a people_n calicut_n gama_n send_v ashore_o one_o of_o the_o banish_a man_n he_o have_v with_o he_o a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o people_n encompass_v he_o among_o the_o rest_n be_v two_o moor_n bear_v at_o tunez_n these_o find_n by_o the_o habit_n the_o man_n be_v a_o spaniard_n one_o of_o they_o call_v monçayde_v ask_v he_o in_o spanish_a of_o what_o part_n of_o spain_n he_o be_v he_o answer_v of_o portugal_n he_o carry_v the_o man_n home_o and_o have_v discourse_v he_o go_v aboard_o to_o see_v the_o commander_n who_o he_o inform_v he_o have_v faithful_o serve_v king_n john_n of_o portugal_n when_o he_o send_v to_o tunez_n for_o arm_n and_o have_v give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o the_o country_n offer_v to_o serve_v he_o in_o what_o lie_v in_o his_o power_n next_o day_n gama_n send_v two_o ambassador_n with_o monçayde_n to_o the_o king_n to_o acquaint_v he_o he_o will_v not_o land_v without_o his_o leave_n but_o have_v once_o obtain_v it_o will_v deliver_v the_o letter_n he_o bring_v from_o his_o king_n and_o treat_v with_o he_o about_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n the_o king_n be_v then_o at_o pandarane_n a_o town_n two_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n there_o he_o receive_v the_o messenger_n friendly_a answer_v he_o will_v glad_o hear_v what_o their_o commander_n have_v to_o propose_v and_o the_o mean_a while_n will_v have_v he_o bring_v his_o ship_n under_o the_o shelter_n of_o pandarane_n because_o the_o place_n where_o he_o lie_v be_v not_o safe_a this_o be_v according_o do_v and_o some_o day_n after_o he_o send_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n who_o he_o call_v catual_a to_o conduct_v gama_n to_o his_o palace_n he_o leave_v his_o brother_n to_o command_v in_o his_o place_n order_v he_o and_o nicholas_n coello_n that_o if_o any_o misfortune_n happen_v to_o he_o ashore_o they_o shall_v immediate_o hoist_v sail_n and_o return_v to_o portugal_n to_o give_v the_o king_n a_o account_n of_o their_o voyage_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v still_o keep_v their_o boat_n well_o man_v upon_o the_o shore_n he_o carry_v with_o he_o 12_o of_o his_o man_n in_o the_o best_a order_n he_o can_v from_o the_o shore_n he_o be_v carry_v on_o man_n shoulder_n to_o the_o king_n palace_n there_o he_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o caymale_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o brahmenes_n clothe_v all_o in_o white_a this_o man_n take_v gama_n by_o the_o hand_n lead_v he_o through_o several_a room_n the_o door_n of_o each_o of_o they_o be_v guard_v by_o ten_o men._n they_o come_v to_o a_o large_a room_n the_o floor_n cover_v with_o silk_n carpet_n and_o the_o wall_n hang_v with_o silk_n and_o gold_n about_o it_o be_v certain_a step_n like_o a_o theatre_n which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o king_n sit_v on_o a_o raise_a throne_n clothe_v in_o white_a cotton_n adorn_v with_o rose_n of_o gold_n on_o his_o head_n a_o cap_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n in_o shape_n like_o a_o mitre_n his_o arm_n and_o leg_n naked_a but_o with_o brazelet_n and_o plate_n of_o gold_n on_o his_o finger_n and_o toe_n be_v ring_n set_v with_o diamond_n and_o pearl_n of_o a_o great_a value_n his_o complexion_n be_v tawny_a his_o stature_n large_a his_o countenance_n majestic_a gama_n have_v salute_v the_o king_n and_o be_v command_v to_o sit_v make_v a_o harangue_n tell_v the_o king_n that_o he_o be_v send_v to_o he_o by_o the_o mighty_a emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n who_o move_v by_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o grandeur_n which_o have_v reach_v the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o west_n be_v ambitious_a to_o settle_v a_o friendly_a correspondence_n and_o commerce_n with_o he_o and_o his_o country_n that_o it_o will_v doubtless_o be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o both_o nation_n to_o have_v a_o free_a trade_n and_o it_o will_v much_o redound_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o they_o both_o to_o be_v the_o first_o who_o at_o that_o distance_n have_v settle_v amity_n and_o friendship_n this_o say_v he_o present_v the_o letter_n he_o carry_v write_v in_o arabic_a and_o portague_n as_o also_o the_o present_n he_o carry_v the_o embassy_n be_v please_v to_o the_o king_n who_o answer_v that_o he_o willing_o embrace_v the_o friendship_n of_o king_n emanuel_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o allow_v of_o a_o free_a trade_n he_o ask_v many_o question_n concern_v their_o voyage_n and_o country_n and_o order_v the_o commander_n and_o all_o his_o man_n to_o be_v well_o lodge_v the_o moorish_a merchant_n fear_v to_o lose_v their_o trade_n and_o in_o hatred_n to_o the_o christian_n assemble_v together_o and_o labour_v all_o that_o lay_v in_o their_o power_n by_o false_a information_n they_o devise_v to_o turn_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o courtier_n against_o the_o portuguese_n they_o say_v they_o be_v pirate_n and_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n and_o that_o if_o they_o be_v admit_v into_o calicut_n all_o the_o moor_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o remove_v and_o seek_v some_o other_o place_n to_o trade_n in_o that_o it_o be_v worthy_a their_o consideration_n whether_o it_o be_v answerable_a to_o abandon_v their_o old_a try_a friend_n who_o bring_v so_o great_a a_o trade_n to_o the_o country_n for_o a_o few_o robber_n the_o malabar_n be_v a_o people_n inconstant_a and_o easy_o persuade_v therefore_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o moor_n and_o at_o their_o instigation_n they_o begin_v to_o contrive_v how_o to_o destroy_v all_o the_o portuguese_n monçaide_v give_v gama_n a_o account_n of_o their_o design_n he_o steal_v away_o the_o best_a he_o can_v though_o not_o without_o danger_n to_o his_o ship_n and_o stand_v out_o to_o sea_n thence_o he_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o king_n full_a of_o great_a complaint_n and_o particular_o against_o catual_a who_o he_o be_v assure_v contrive_v to_o do_v he_o all_o the_o harm_n he_o can_v and_o desire_v he_o will_v cause_v certain_a portuguese_n and_o some_o merchandise_n leave_v ashore_o to_o be_v restore_v to_o he_o the_o king_n give_v good_a word_n but_o perform_v not_o what_o be_v demand_v gama_n resolve_v to_o use_v force_n take_v the_o first_o ship_n that_o come_v that_o way_n and_o in_o it_o six_o man_n of_o note_n with_o their_o servant_n the_o king_n to_o redeem_v they_o send_v the_o portuguese_n and_o merchandise_n with_o his_o letter_n in_o answer_n to_o those_o bring_v by_o gama_n nevertheless_o he_o will_v not_o restore_v the_o malabar_n think_v it_o convenient_a to_o carry_v they_o to_o show_v in_o portugal_n that_o they_o may_v give_v a_o more_o particular_a account_n of_o that_o country_n before_o vasco_n de_fw-fr gama_n hoist_a sail_n to_o return_v to_o portugal_n monçaide_v get_v aboard_o fear_v his_o correspondence_n with_o the_o portuguese_n will_v cost_v he_o his_o life_n he_o leave_v all_o his_o good_n at_o calicut_n portugal_n for_o he_o have_v not_o time_n to_o carry_v any_o thing_n away_o in_o portugal_n he_o
that_o vast_a ocean_n to_o refresh_v the_o seaman_n with_o its_o fruit_n fish_n and_o flesh_n though_o scarce_o inhabit_a be_v but_o four_o league_n in_o length_n and_o so_o far_o from_o any_o land_n thence_o by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o island_n terceras_fw-la the_o ship_n general_o return_v to_o lisbon_n in_o august_n or_o september_n the_o end_n of_o the_o 26_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxvii_o chap._n i._n the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o castille_n of_o charles_n viii_o king_n of_o france_n match_n of_o two_o daughter_n of_o spain_n the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n expel_v naples_n france_n and_o spain_n agree_v hierome_n savonarola_n burn_v at_o florence_n the_o affair_n of_o spain_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n prosper_v in_o italy_n and_o within_o spain_n have_v a_o mixture_n of_o felicity_n and_o adversity_n two_o match_n for_o as_o many_o of_o king_n ferdinand_n match_v daughter_n be_v conclude_v that_o be_v of_o the_o princess_n catherine_n with_o arthur_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o heir_n to_o henry_n vii_o king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n with_o emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n these_o marriage_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n because_o together_o with_o those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n they_o bind_v such_o mighty_a prince_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o spain_n the_o match_n with_o england_n be_v full_o conclude_v upon_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n 1497._o to_o forward_o the_o marriage_n with_o portugal_n d._n john_n manuel_n that_o king_n foster-brother_n come_v to_o 1497._o castille_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n shall_v carry_v the_o princess_n their_o daughter_n to_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n where_o king_n emanuel_n shall_v meet_v they_o to_o consummate_v the_o marriage_n upon_o the_o last_o day_n of_o september_n ceclamin_n be_v at_o first_o the_o place_n appoint_v to_o meet_v but_o that_o town_n want_v conveniency_n they_o spend_v three_o day_n together_o at_o valencia_n de_fw-fr alcantara_n their_o joy_n be_v much_o abate_v by_o the_o news_n of_o the_o indisposition_n of_o prince_n john_n who_o die_v the_o 13_o day_n after_o he_o be_v take_v ill_o at_o salamanca_n on_o the_o four_o of_o october_n to_o the_o die_v great_a loss_n and_o grief_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n he_o leave_v the_o princess_n with_o child_n but_o that_o avail_v little_a for_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o she_o miscarry_v the_o prince_n body_n be_v carry_v to_o avila_n to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o famous_a dominican_n monastery_n of_o s._n thomas_n this_o dismal_a news_n come_v to_o alcantara_n whilst_o yet_o the_o rejoice_v for_o the_o wedding_n last_v but_o after_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v go_v king_n emanuel_n beg_v of_o the_o queen_n his_o mother-in-law_n not_o to_o let_v the_o queen_n his_o wife_n know_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o and_o so_o go_v away_o with_o she_o to_o ebora_n there_o she_o be_v at_o last_o acquaint_v with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n her_o brother_n she_o resent_v it_o as_o become_v a_o love_a sister_n but_o his_o parent_n bear_v their_o loss_n with_o great_a magnanimity_n the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v not_o yet_o peaceable_a because_o the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n and_o his_o party_n mistrust_v the_o king_n fortify_v their_o town_n and_o castle_n the_o first_o demonstration_n that_o prince_n give_v of_o his_o ill-will_a be_v that_o though_o he_o appear_v when_o king_n frederick_n be_v proclaim_v at_o naples_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o be_v present_a at_o his_o coronation_n under_o colour_n of_o poverty_n however_o the_o prince_n of_o basiniano_n come_v to_o court_v the_o day_n follow_v to_o excuse_v himself_o and_o intercede_v for_o he_o of_o salerno_n no_o mean_n of_o peace_n prevail_v and_o the_o king_n be_v force_v to_o march_v with_o his_o army_n and_o besiege_v he_o in_o his_o strong_a town_n of_o diano_n gonçalo_n fernandez_n be_v now_o about_o return_v to_o spain_n as_o reckon_v the_o war_n of_o naples_n at_o a_o end_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o have_v go_v into_o calabria_n thence_o to_o sicily_n and_o now_o come_v to_o naples_n to_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n they_o press_v he_o to_o aid_v they_o in_o that_o siege_n because_o the_o defendant_n be_v numerous_a and_o the_o king_n party_n favour_v they_o the_o great_a captain_n gather_v 500_o spaniard_n and_o the_o king_n furnish_v he_o 500_o german_n naples_n he_o so_o straighten_a the_o besiege_a though_o with_o much_o danger_n of_o his_o person_n that_o the_o prince_n be_v force_v to_o surrender_v it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o prince_n with_o all_o such_o as_o will_v follow_v he_o may_v safe_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n with_o their_o good_n that_o all_o the_o town_n and_o fort_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n he_o pay_v for_o the_o cannon_n and_o provision_n in_o they_o thus_o diano_n be_v surrender_v upon_o the_o 28_o of_o december_n and_o the_o prince_n put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o melfi_n to_o be_v conduct_v to_o sangalla_n a_o city_n in_o marca_n de_fw-fr ancona_n which_o side_v with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o earl_n of_o conça_n and_o lauria_fw-la his_o confederate_n bear_v he_o company_n he_o of_o capacho_n be_v very_o old_a put_v himself_o upon_o the_o king_n mercy_n this_o same_o year_n in_o autumn_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr gusman_n duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n send_v a_o fleet_n over_o to_o africa_n to_o people_n melilla_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o almeria_n and_o have_v be_v abandon_v by_o the_o moor_n in_o recompense_n for_o the_o charge_n he_o have_v be_v at_o that_o town_n be_v give_v to_o the_o duke_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o the_o xeque_n or_o lord_n of_o gelve_n who_o be_v in_o rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n of_o tunez_n his_o sovereign_n to_o secure_v himself_o under_o the_o christian_a protection_n deliver_v up_o that_o island_n and_o port_n to_o the_o catholic_n king_n and_o in_o his_o name_n to_o john_n de_fw-fr lanuça_n than_o viceroy_n of_o sicily_n captain_n margarit_n be_v leave_v with_o the_o spanish_a force_n to_o secure_v that_o island_n a_o solemn_a embassy_n from_o france_n now_o meet_v the_o king_n at_o alcala_n de_fw-fr henares_n the_o proposal_n spain_n make_v be_v that_o the_o two_o king_n with_o their_o joint_a force_n shall_v invade_v italy_n that_o as_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o catholic_n king_n shall_v possess_v calabria_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o french_a king_n in_o exchange_n shall_v give_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o 30000_o ducat_n yearly_a for_o what_o it_o be_v worth_a above_o that_o kingdom_n that_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n and_o genoa_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o french_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n be_v equal_o divide_v betwixt_o they_o the_o catholic_n king_n be_v not_o averse_a from_o the_o business_n of_o naples_n but_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n will_v not_o be_v concern_v without_o advertise_v the_o empire_n who_o have_v so_o great_a a_o right_a to_o it_o at_o last_o it_o be_v resolve_v king_n ferdinand_n shall_v send_v ambassador_n to_o france_n to_o prosecute_v this_o treaty_n at_o this_o time_n all_o the_o monastery_n of_o castille_n be_v reduce_v to_o the_o strict_a observance_n of_o their_o order_n which_o the_o dominican_n augustins_n and_o carmelites_n easy_o condescend_v to_o the_o franciscan_n at_o first_o make_v some_o resistance_n according_a to_o agreement_n the_o king_n send_v ferdinand_n duke_n of_o estrada_n and_o two_o other_o his_o ambassador_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o france_n at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v believe_v the_o french_a king_n resolve_v to_o invade_v roussillon_n but_o death_n prevent_v his_o design_n he_o depart_v this_o life_n at_o amboise_n on_o the_o 17_o of_o april_n 1498._o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n call_v luis_n xii_o succeed_v 1498._o he_o at_o blois_n where_o the_o new_a king_n be_v and_o afterward_o at_o orleans_n the_o treaty_n of_o he_o peace_n be_v carry_v on_o that_o king_n always_o give_v good_a word_n and_o fair_a promise_n only_o to_o gain_v time_n till_o he_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o can_v be_v divorce_v from_o his_o present_a wife_n sister_n to_o the_o late_a king_n in_o order_n to_o marry_v the_o duchess_n of_o brittany_n who_o since_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a king_n her_o husband_n be_v for_o return_v into_o her_o own_o country_n he_o at_o last_o compass_v his_o end_n and_o have_v by_o that_o duchess_n two_o daughter_n only_o the_o elder_a of_o which_o be_v marry_v to_o francis_n the_o heir_n of_o that_o crown_n before_o the_o death_n of_o king_n charles_n it_o be_v propose_v that_o caesar_n borgia_n shall_v resign_v his_o cardinal_n cap_n to_o which_o purpose_n that_o king_n promise_v he_o a_o estate_n in_o
of_o milan_n join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o french_a king_n engage_v to_o aid_v they_o with_o 1200_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 6000_o swisser_n for_o this_o supply_v the_o king_n be_v to_o give_v they_o cremona_n and_o guiradada_n two_o town_n of_o note_n in_o that_o dukedom_n the_o duke_n see_v little_a prospect_n of_o help_n in_o the_o christian_n prevail_v with_o the_o turk_n to_o infest_v the_o venetian_a territory_n which_o render_v he_o still_o more_o odious_a at_o the_o same_o time_n die_v the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n leave_v the_o pretension_n to_o that_o principality_n and_o his_o hatred_n to_o the_o house_n of_o arragon_n to_o his_o son_n robert_n the_o king_n of_o navarre_n demand_v of_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o restitution_n of_o the_o town_n of_o arcos_n guardia_n and_o s._n vincent_n which_o the_o latter_a hold_v instead_o of_o the_o city_n estela_n adjudge_v by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n to_o henry_n iv._o of_o castille_n when_o he_o be_v arbitrator_n betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o navarre_n this_o pretention_n give_v occasion_n to_o fear_v some_o breach_n with_o france_n but_o that_o king_n be_v whole_o take_v up_o with_o his_o pretension_n in_o italy_n have_v not_o leisure_n to_o engage_v in_o other_o man_n quarrel_n for_o about_o the_o same_o time_n time_n a_o mighty_a army_n of_o french_a pass_v the_o alps_o and_o march_v to_o the_o city_n aste_n which_o for_o some_o year_n have_v belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n be_v give_v to_o charles_n duke_n of_o orleans_n by_o philip_n duke_n of_o milan_n for_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o war_n with_o the_o venetian_n in_o august_n 1499._o that_o army_n advance_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o aubeni_n and_o john_n james_n trivulcio_n they_o meet_v no_o opposition_n but_o in_o few_o day_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o alexandria_n 1499._o pavia_n plasencia_n and_o many_o other_o to_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o venetian_n take_v cremona_n dukedom_n guiaradada_n lodi_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n on_o that_o side_n this_o give_v the_o people_n of_o milan_n occasion_n to_o mutiny_n the_o duke_n flee_v to_o the_o castle_n and_o have_v send_v his_o treasure_n and_o family_n before_o he_o to_o germany_n follow_v soon_o after_o himself_o on_o the_o 6_o of_o september_n genoa_n submit_v to_o the_o french_a the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o till_o then_o have_v stay_v at_o lion_n come_v to_o reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o this_o success_n duke_n valentine_n come_v with_o he_o who_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o assist_v with_o 300_o horse_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o 4000_o swiss_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o romania_n he_o also_o promise_v to_o aid_v the_o florentine_n to_o recover_v pisa_n the_o conquest_n of_o milan_n be_v so_o easy_o perform_v the_o king_n of_o france_n encourage_v by_o the_o pope_n bend_v his_o thought_n upon_o naples_n but_o first_o return_v home_o to_o recruit_v his_o army_n the_o catholic_n king_n labour_v to_o prevent_v the_o war_n in_o italy_n and_o make_v advantageous_a proposal_n to_o the_o french_a in_o behalf_n of_o king_n frederick_n find_v nothing_o will_v after_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n he_o resolve_v to_o set_v on_o foot_n again_o the_o treaty_n of_o divide_v that_o kingdom_n betwixt_o that_o king_n and_o himself_o since_o king_n frederick_n as_o descend_v of_o a_o bastard_n can_v have_v no_o right_n to_o this_o effect_n he_o send_v one_o of_o his_o domestic_n to_o join_v with_o his_o ambassador_n john_n gralla_n then_o in_o france_n it_o be_v believe_v these_o proposal_n will_v have_v produce_v a_o firm_a peace_n betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n king_n frederick_n threaten_v if_o the_o french_a invade_v he_o he_o will_v bring_v the_o turk_n upon_o italy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o make_v large_a offer_n to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o pope_n which_o duke_n valentin_n prevent_v take_v any_o effect_n by_o writing_n how_o displease_v those_o overture_n be_v at_o the_o french_a court._n at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n be_v bear_v in_o flanders_n the_o lady_n ellenor_n elder_a daughter_n to_o the_o archduke_n who_o be_v first_o queen_n of_o portugal_n and_o afterward_o of_o france_n about_o this_o time_n the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n begin_v to_o find_v a_o university_n at_o alcalà _fw-fr after_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o at_o paris_n the_o king_n be_v at_o granada_n and_o think_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o found_v moor_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a will_v be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o secure_v that_o kingdom_n give_v it_o in_o charge_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o that_o city_n with_o who_o join_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n they_o consult_v about_o punish_v some_o who_o have_v be_v christian_n and_o be_v again_o become_v moor_n and_o resolve_v to_o baptise_v their_o child_n they_o also_o treat_v the_o alfaquy_n with_o much_o courtesy_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o many_o infidel_n be_v baptise_a these_o thing_n move_v the_o moor_n of_o the_o quarter_n of_o albaicin_n to_o mutiny_n and_o fortify_v themselves_o but_o they_o be_v at_o last_o suppress_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o tendilla_n the_o governor_n and_o on_o the_o 18_o of_o november_n 3000_o of_o they_o be_v baptise_a many_o that_o persist_v obstinate_a be_v punish_v and_o their_o mosque_n be_v consecrate_a into_o church_n about_o 50000_o of_o another_o quarter_n in_o granada_n follow_v their_o example_n the_o moor_n live_v along_o the_o mountain_n call_v alpujarras_n hear_v they_o be_v to_o be_v baptise_a by_o force_n rebel_v and_o first_o those_o of_o huejar_n who_o be_v soon_o subdue_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o tendilla_n and_o the_o great_a captain_n soon_o after_o the_o moor_n in_o the_o mountain_n be_v in_o rebellion_n and_o the_o infidel_n besiege_v marxena_n but_o d._n peter_n faxardo_n take_v alhumilla_n they_o raise_v the_o siege_n king_n ferdinand_n hereupon_o come_v from_o sevil_n to_o granada_n and_o gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n rebel_n march_v himself_o to_o lanjaron_n on_o the_o first_o of_o march_n 1500._o that_o town_n be_v take_v by_o storm_n and_o plunder_v the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n and_o other_o nobleman_n take_v several_a strong_a place_n whereupon_o the_o rebel_n submit_v and_o be_v receive_v to_o mercy_n upon_o promise_n they_o will_v within_o 4_o day_n deliver_v up_o castilde_a ferro_fw-la adra_n and_o banol_n as_o also_o all_o arm_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a and_o pay_v 50000_o ducat_n this_o do_v the_o king_n dismiss_v his_o army_n and_o return_v to_o granada_n to_o forward_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o infidel_n and_o soon_o after_o those_o of_o alpujarras_n almeria_n baça_n guadix_fw-la and_o other_o place_n be_v baptise_a preacher_n be_v send_v to_o all_o part_n with_o guard_n for_o security_n of_o their_o person_n this_o and_o the_o report_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o quit_v 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the_o earl_n of_o urena_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o cifuentes_n be_v send_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o those_o people_n the_o native_a moor_n have_v be_v easy_o reduce_v but_o that_o some_o who_o come_v from_o barbary_n encourage_v they_o to_o stand_v it_o out_o however_o many_o come_v from_o ronda_n and_o be_v baptise_a for_o fear_n all_o the_o rest_n retire_v to_o sierra_n bermeja_n which_o be_v very_o difficult_a of_o access_n our_o force_n encamp_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n the_o moor_n at_o the_o same_o time_n guard_v the_o pass_v some_o christian_n carry_v a_o standard_n with_o they_o their_o design_n be_v only_o to_o plunder_v pass_v a_o brook_n and_o begin_v to_o ascend_v the_o hill_n the_o other_o fear_v some_o misfortune_n may_v befall_v they_o followed_z after_z the_o moor_n endeavour_v to_o keep_v they_o down_o still_o secure_v every_o advantageous_a post_n but_o be_v
drive_v till_o our_o man_n come_v to_o a_o plain_a where_o the_o enemy_n leave_v their_o good_n wife_n and_o child_n this_o place_n the_o infidel_n soon_o quit_v and_o the_o christian_n fall_v to_o plunder_v which_o a_o old_a valiant_a moor_n perceive_v he_o encourage_v the_o rest_n who_o soon_o rally_v and_o give_v a_o fresh_a charge_n upon_o the_o christian_n here_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n and_o above_o 200_o of_o his_o man_n be_v kill_v his_o son_n d._n peter_n de_fw-fr cordova_n with_o much_o difficulty_n be_v bring_v off_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o urena_n who_o make_v good_a his_o ground_n the_o earl_n of_o cifuentes_n make_v a_o halt_n somewhat_o low_o and_o there_o stay_v those_o that_o flee_v stand_v the_o enemy_n till_o towards_o morning_n they_o draw_v back_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n the_o king_n who_o be_v then_o at_o ronda_n send_v the_o duke_n of_o najara_n against_o daydin_n and_o order_v the_o earl_n of_o urena_n and_o cifuentes_n to_o make_v show_n as_o if_o they_o will_v mount_v the_o same_o way_n they_o attempt_v before_o the_o moor_n perceive_v they_o be_v lose_v man_n offer_v to_o submit_v it_o be_v agree_v that_o such_o as_o will_v may_v have_v liberty_n to_o be_v transport_v to_o africa_n pay_v ten_n double_v a_o head_n all_o that_o will_v stay_v shall_v turn_v christian_n many_o go_v over_o to_o barbary_n many_o more_o stay_v and_o be_v baptise_a yet_o be_v no_o better_a than_o those_o that_o go_v away_o thus_o that_o war_n which_o have_v much_o alarm_v all_o spain_n be_v conclude_v the_o death_n of_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n happen_v the_o ensue_a year_n let_v we_o return_v to_o what_o we_o leave_v behind_o in_o point_n of_o time_n chap._n iii_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o v._o the_o french_a possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n and_o take_v the_o duke_n and_o his_o brother_n the_o cardinal_n the_o great_a year_n of_o jubilee_n 1500_o the_o league_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n cefalonia_n take_v from_o the_o turk_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o moor_n of_o the_o mountain_n alpujarras_n be_v in_o rebellion_n king_n ferdinand_n have_v order_v a_o fleet_n to_o be_v rig_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o be_v command_v by_o venetian_n the_o great_a captain_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o venetian_n and_o against_o the_o turk_n who_o threaten_v italy_n it_o be_v give_v out_o that_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n have_v bring_v they_o to_o their_o assistance_n against_o their_o enemy_n duke_n valentin_n with_o force_n bring_v out_o of_o france_n make_v war_n in_o romania_n as_o general_n of_o the_o church_n against_o several_a who_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o town_n in_o that_o territory_n he_o take_v imola_n and_o fori_fw-la the_o countess_n whereof_o he_o make_v prisoner_n his_o chief_a design_n be_v against_o the_o lord_n of_o pesaro_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n who_o understanding_n his_o own_o danger_n have_v garrison_v the_o city_n absent_v himself_o luis_n sforcia_n solicit_v the_o emperor_n and_o prince_n of_o germany_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o recover_v his_o dominion_n he_o raise_v man_n among_o the_o swisser_n and_o grison_n and_o send_v his_o brother_n the_o cardinal_n ascanius_n before_o with_o they_o all_o place_n he_o come_v to_o submit_v to_o he_o the_o people_n of_o milan_n drive_v their_o governor_n into_o the_o castle_n whence_o he_o be_v force_v the_o 3d_o day_n to_o fly_v towards_o pavia_n that_o same_o day_n the_o cardinal_n enter_v milan_n and_o after_o he_o the_o duke_n with_o great_a joy_n of_o the_o people_n though_o still_o the_o castle_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o french_a pavia_n lodi_n pertona_n and_o plasencia_n do_v the_o same_o the_o main_a of_o the_o french_a army_n rendezvouz_v at_o novaro_n in_o order_n to_o oppose_v the_o duke_n thither_o repair_v the_o french_a force_n that_o have_v be_v with_o duke_n valentin_n he_o thereupon_o return_v to_o rome_n where_o 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the_o foot_n who_o lie_v about_o the_o field_n overcome_v with_o thirst_n and_o weariness_n this_o nothing_o dismay_v the_o great_a captain_n who_o cause_v the_o horse_n to_o take_v up_o behind_o they_o such_o of_o the_o foot_n as_o be_v most_o faint_a he_o himself_o do_v the_o same_o and_o carrying_z drink_n to_o those_o that_o want_v most_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o reach_v their_o camp_n without_o any_o loss_n two_o hour_n before_o sunset_n at_o this_o time_n the_o enemy_n horse_n appear_v and_o the_o spaniard_n soon_o draw_v up_o within_o their_o trench_n fear_v often_o be_v more_o powerful_a than_o weariness_n the_o great_a captain_n go_v about_o encourage_v his_o man_n and_o then_o the_o fight_n begin_v it_o be_v so_o late_o the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n be_v willing_a to_o have_v defer_v it_o till_o next_o day_n but_o the_o lord_n d'_fw-fr alegre_n press_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v delay_v believe_v the_o victory_n be_v certain_a on_o each_o side_n be_v 13_o piece_n of_o cannon_n the_o french_a play_v they_o first_o which_o do_v no_o execution_n but_o we_o be_v plant_v high_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n it_o be_v fire_v but_o once_o because_o a_o italian_a think_v the_o spaniard_n have_v flee_v set_v fire_n to_o two_o wagon_n of_o powder_n the_o confusion_n that_o follow_v be_v great_a and_o the_o flame_n spread_v so_o much_o that_o all_o give_v themselves_o for_o lose_v still_o the_o great_a captain_n have_v so_o much_o presence_n of_o mind_n that_o he_o say_v with_o a_o cheerful_a countenance_n to_o those_o about_o he_o a_o good_a omen_n my_o friend_n for_o these_o be_v bonfire_n for_o the_o victory_n we_o have_v already_o in_o our_o hand_n the_o harm_n do_v by_o our_o cannon_n move_v the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n to_o join_v battle_n immediate_o he_o charge_v our_o body_n with_o 800_o man_n at_o arms._n before_o our_o man_n be_v a_o trench_n which_o he_o have_v not_o observe_v and_o oblige_v the_o french_a to_o wheel_n off_o without_o break_v lance_n to_o put_v themselves_o again_o into_o a_o posture_n then_o the_o german_a musqueteer_n fire_v upon_o that_o squadron_n make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n after_o the_o man_n at_o arm_n follow_v the_o lord_n chandiou_n with_o the_o swiss_n and_o gascon_n these_o the_o spaniard_n charge_v with_o such_o bravery_n that_o they_o instant_o break_v they_o the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n and_o melfi_n who_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n advance_v be_v receive_v by_o the_o great_a captain_n as_o become_v he_o to_o conclude_v the_o enemy_n on_o all_o side_n flee_v the_o spaniard_n pursue_v they_o to_o their_o camp_n which_o be_v 6_o mile_n off_o and_o be_v take_v at_o the_o same_o heat_n our_o man_n find_v their_o supper_n ready_a whereof_o they_o have_v need_n enough_o be_v so_o tire_v the_o booty_n find_v there_o be_v great_a this_o famous_a battle_n be_v fight_v upon_o the_o 28_o of_o april_n at_o the_o first_o onset_n be_v kill_v the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n who_o body_n the_o great_a captain_n cause_v to_o be_v honourable_o bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n francis_n at_o barleta_n beside_o he_o die_v the_o lord_n chandiou_n the_o count_n morcon_n and_o most_o of_o the_o swiss_n commander_n the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n and_o melfi_n and_o marquis_n de_fw-fr lochito_n be_v wound_v all_o their_o cannon_n and_o most_o of_o their_o colour_n be_v take_v the_o slaughter_n have_v be_v much_o great_a but_o that_o night_n come_v on_o prevent_v it_o the_o victor_n have_v rest_v that_o night_n next_o day_n cirinola_n surrender_v upon_o discretion_n as_o do_v 700_o that_o have_v flee_v to_o the_o castle_n canosa_n also_o declare_v for_o spain_n none_o but_o the_o spaniard_n signalise_v themselves_o in_o this_o battle_n for_o the_o german_n bate_v the_o volley_n they_o pour_v in_o upon_o the_o enemy_n do_v nothing_o among_o other_o they_o that_o gain_v most_o honour_n be_v of_o the_o italian_n the_o duke_n of_o term_n and_o of_o the_o spaniard_n d._n james_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n of_o who_o the_o great_a captain_n say_v he_o have_v behave_v himself_o as_o become_v the_o grandson_n of_o such_o a_o grandfather_n of_o the_o french_a it_o appear_v 3700_o be_v kill_v of_o the_o spaniard_n only_o 9_o and_o never_o a_o man_n of_o note_n true_a it_o be_v many_o die_v by_o the_o way_n with_o droughth_n and_o 1500_o can_v not_o be_v drag_v from_o the_o water_n they_o find_v in_o certain_a well_n nor_o do_v any_o service_n that_o day_n which_o render_v the_o success_n the_o more_o dubious_a and_o consequent_o the_o victory_n the_o more_o glorious_a after_o this_o great_a defeat_n of_o the_o french_a almost_o all_o the_o kingdom_n submit_v to_o the_o spaniard_n captain_n the_o great_a captain_n be_v diligent_a in_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o the_o victory_n which_o be_v the_o more_o complete_a for_o that_o the_o day_n follow_v he_o receive_v letter_n give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o french_a and_o take_v the_o lord_n of_o aubigni_n near_o semenara_n this_o account_n be_v not_o bring_v soon_o because_o d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr andrada_n have_v succeed_v luis_n portocarrero_n in_o the_o command_n do_v not_o think_v himself_o subordinate_a to_o the_o great_a captain_n which_o he_o resent_v and_o ask_v leave_v to_o return_v to_o spain_n the_o catholic_n king_n order_v ferdinand_n to_o cease_v from_o that_o pretention_n and_o the_o great_a captain_n to_o give_v he_o a_o company_n of_o man_n at_o arms._n the_o news_n of_o these_o two_o victory_n and_o send_v of_o several_a baron_n home_o to_o their_o estate_n soon_o cause_v most_o of_o capitanata_n and_o basilicata_n to_o submit_v and_o in_o the_o principality_n many_o town_n and_o baron_n declare_v for_o spain_n those_o who_o flee_v from_o the_o battle_n make_v their_o way_n to_o campania_n design_v to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o gaeta_n a_o city_n natural_o impregnable_a give_v all_o the_o rest_n for_o lose_v peter_n de_fw-fr paz_n pursue_v they_o with_o some_o horse_n who_o approach_n give_v opportunity_n to_o capua_n to_o declare_v for_o spain_n and_o some_o of_o the_o citizen_n pursue_v the_o french_a kill_v about_o 50_o man_n at_o arm_n before_o they_o can_v get_v into_o gaeta_n the_o marquis_n of_o sochito_n though_o hurt_v in_o the_o fight_n go_v away_o with_o his_o wife_n and_o what_o he_o can_v carry_v to_o rome_n to_o his_o uncle_n the_o cardinal_n of_o sienna_n mounseur_fw-fr d'_fw-fr alegre_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n make_v their_o way_n towards_o naples_n with_o 500_o horse_n lose_v above_o 200_o of_o they_o kill_v or_o take_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o montela_n luis_n d'_fw-fr arsi_fw-la fortify_v himself_o at_o venosa_fw-la rely_v on_o the_o strentgh_a of_o the_o castle_n the_o great_a captain_n encamp_v at_o leonesa_n near_o to_o melfi_n and_o venosa_fw-la there_o the_o prince_n of_o melfi_n submit_v himself_o upon_o condition_n he_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o live_v in_o another_o of_o his_o town_n till_o it_o be_v know_v whether_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n will_v admit_v he_o into_o his_o service_n upon_o the_o term_n before_o propose_v but_o there_o be_v little_a confidence_n to_o be_v repose_v in_o his_o fidelity_n fabricius_n colona_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o papulo_fw-la and_o montorio_n be_v send_v to_o abruzzo_n to_o reduce_v that_o province_n entire_o villamarin_n the_o admiral_n be_v order_v immediate_o with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v make_v to_o sail_v towards_o naples_n whither_o the_o great_a captain_n be_v march_v with_o his_o army_n by_o the_o way_n of_o benevento_n and_o gandelo_n from_o this_o last_o place_n he_o send_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o citizen_n of_o naples_n promise_v they_o all_o manner_n of_o good_a usage_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o prevent_v his_o army_n do_v any_o harm_n in_o their_o territory_n the_o earl_n of_o matera_fw-la and_o the_o syndic_n come_v out_o to_o treat_v and_o surrender_v the_o city_n at_o this_o time_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr vannes_n son_n to_o the_o lord_n d'_fw-fr albret_n hear_v of_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o french_a obtain_v leave_v of_o duke_n valentine_n who_o he_o serve_v to_o go_v join_v the_o remain_v of_o the_o french_a army_n in_o naples_n which_o he_o do_v with_o 200_o horse_n and_o some_o foot_n these_o be_v strengthen_v by_o some_o force_n from_o apulia_n calà bria_n and_o abruzzo_n form_v some_o manner_n of_o army_n and_o encamp_v near_o garelliano_n for_o this_o reason_n about_o 400_o spanish_a horse_n be_v put_v into_o capua_n and_o sessa_o the_o great_a captain_n keep_v with_o he_o 1000_o man_n which_o he_o think_v enough_o to_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o naples_n send_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o enemy_n the_o spanish_a soldier_n desirous_a to_o be_v at_o naples_n the_o night_n before_o demand_v their_o pay_n which_o they_o say_v the_o general_n have_v promise_v to_o give_v
they_o at_o naples_n to_o prevent_v further_a disorder_n he_o take_v the_o spanish_a foot_n with_o he_o send_v the_o man_n at_o arm_n light-horse_n and_o german_n to_o sessa_o assure_v they_o he_o will_v soon_o be_v with_o they_o on_o the_o naples_n 16_o of_o may_v he_o enter_v naples_n with_o as_o great_a pomp_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o king_n himself_o before_o he_o march_v the_o spanish_a foot_n the_o gentry_n come_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o the_o multitude_n cover_v the_o field_n admire_v that_o general_n who_o have_v so_o often_o overthrow_v his_o enemy_n he_o be_v conduct_v through_o the_o street_n rich_o hang_v strew_v with_o flower_n and_o full_a of_o sweet_a perfume_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o when_o their_o king_n go_v to_o be_v crown_v nothing_o but_o joy_n appear_v they_o that_o be_v most_o incline_v to_o the_o french_a express_v most_o satisfaction_n to_o disguise_v their_o own_o fault_n the_o city_n naples_n from_o whence_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n take_v its_o name_n be_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a rich_a and_o most_o populous_a in_o all_o italy_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a at_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n that_o rise_v betwixt_o the_o west_n and_o the_o north._n the_o street_n be_v long_a and_o straight_o full_a of_o stately_a building_n because_o the_o nobility_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a live_v there_o most_o of_o the_o year_n and_o vie_v among_o themselves_o in_o erect_v stately_a house_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v those_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n and_o duke_n of_o gravina_n they_o incline_v to_o live_v there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o beautiful_a garden_n that_o surround_v the_o city_n so_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o city_n where_o so_o many_o great_a man_n reside_v it_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o sejo_n which_o be_v so_o many_o council-house_n where_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o each_o quarter_n meet_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o city_n the_o church_n monastery_n and_o hospital_n be_v numerous_n and_o magnificent_a particular_o the_o hospital_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr annunciata_n which_o spend_v yearly_a above_o 50000_o ducat_n gather_v by_o the_o charity_n of_o the_o people_n upon_o pious_a uses_n the_o wall_n be_v strong_a adorn_v with_o tower_n and_o four_o strong_a castle_n of_o these_o the_o first_o be_v castelnovo_fw-la large_a and_o to_o appearance_n impregnable_a seat_v on_o the_o shoar_n near_o the_o mole_n which_o make_v the_o harbour_n the_o second_o the_o gate_n of_o capua_n on_o the_o north_n former_o a_o famous_a place_n of_o strength_n now_o the_o place_n for_o hold_v the_o court_n of_o judicature_n the_o three_o the_o castle_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la in_o the_o sea_n on_o a_o small_a rock_n but_o inaccessible_a the_o four_o that_o of_o santelmo_n in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n command_v it_o all_o and_o be_v of_o late_o strong_o fortify_v two_o of_o these_o fort_n to_o wit_n castelnovo_n and_o castel_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la be_v now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a as_o soon_o as_o ever_o the_o great_a captain_n alight_v he_o go_v to_o give_v order_n for_o besiege_v those_o castle_n castelnovo_n be_v furious_o batter_v and_o they_o begin_v to_o undermine_v it_o but_o the_o besiege_a make_v a_o vigorous_a defence_n villamarin_n with_o the_o fleet_n come_v to_o a_o anchor_n at_o nostra_fw-la signora_n de_fw-fr pie_n de_fw-fr gruta_n seven_o day_n after_o the_o great_a captain_n enter_v the_o city_n on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o may_n the_o pope_n create_v nine_o cardinal_n five_o of_o they_o native_n of_o valencia_n on_o the_o 12_o of_o june_n after_o a_o vigorous_a resistance_n castelnovo_n be_v take_v by_o storm_n john_n pelaez_n de_fw-fr berrio_n servant_n to_o the_o great_a captain_n be_v the_o first_o that_o enter_v the_o captain_n peter_n navarro_n a_o able_a man_n at_o mining_n and_o nuno_n d'_fw-fr ocampo_n signalise_v themselves_o the_o last_o have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o fort_n give_v he_o among_o other_o prisoner_n take_v there_o be_v hugh_n roger_n earl_n of_o pallas_n who_o have_v be_v above_o 40_o year_n in_o rebellion_n against_o the_o catholic_n king_n and_o his_o father_n king_n john_n he_o be_v send_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o xativa_n where_o he_o end_v his_o day_n some_o french_a and_o genoese_a ship_n come_v from_o gaeta_n too_o late_o to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a the_o french_a fleet_n consist_v of_o 6_o carrac_n other_o great_a ship_n and_o 5_o galley_n beside_o small_a vessel_n come_v at_o last_o and_o villamarin_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v they_o retire_v to_o the_o port_n of_o ischia_n which_o be_v beset_v by_o our_o fleet_n defend_v itself_o so_o well_o that_o small_a harm_n be_v do_v to_o it_o the_o marquis_n del_fw-it gasto_n take_v care_n to_o defend_v the_o fleet_n and_o island_n the_o great_a captain_n can_v not_o stay_v to_o take_v the_o castle_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la but_o leave_v that_o in_o charge_n to_o peter_n navarro_n and_o nuno_n d'_fw-fr ocampo_n they_o in_o boat_n cover_v with_o hides_n approach_v to_o undermine_v the_o rock_n on_o the_o side_n of_o picifalcon_n our_o battery_n kill_v most_o of_o the_o defendant_n so_o that_o only_o 20_o remain_v they_o surrender_v article_v only_o for_o their_o life_n at_o the_o same_o time_n fabricius_n colona_n with_o 800_o man_n send_v from_o rome_n take_v the_o city_n of_o aquila_n the_o chief_a of_o abruzzo_n and_o all_o that_o province_n submit_v fracaso_n de_fw-fr s._n severino_n and_o hierome_n gallofo_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o french_a faction_n in_o that_o city_n make_v their_o escape_n to_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n the_o end_n of_o the_o 27_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxviii_o chap._n 1._o the_o siege_n of_o gaeta_n the_o death_n of_o pope_n alexander_n vi_o pius_n iii_o choose_v practice_n of_o the_o spaniard_n the_o french_a invade_v roussillon_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o june_n the_o great_a captain_n set_v forward_o from_o naples_n towards_o s._n german_n in_o order_n to_o oppose_v the_o french_a who_o lie_v encamp_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n garellano_n former_o call_v lyris_fw-la and_o to_o reduce_v some_o town_n thereabouts_o that_o still_o hold_v for_o the_o french_a he_o pass_v through_o aversa_n and_o capua_n those_o city_n desire_v to_o see_v he_o and_o express_v their_o affection_n to_o spain_n whilst_o he_o be_v thus_o stay_v james_n garzia_n de_fw-fr take_v paredes_n and_o christopher_n zamudio_n advance_v with_o 1500_o man_n to_o attack_v s._n german_n that_o city_n and_o its_o castle_n soon_o surrender_v notwithstanding_o that_o peter_n de_fw-fr medicis_n lie_v with_o some_o french_a force_n near_o hand_n at_o montecasino_n he_o despair_v of_o hold_v out_o there_o go_v away_o leave_v 200_o man_n in_o the_o monastery_n who_o surrender_v the_o place_n the_o great_a captain_n take_v roca_n guillerma_n a_o strong_a place_n also_o targeto_o upon_o the_o river_n garellano_n and_o other_o place_n castellon_n and_o mala_n which_o lie_v near_o gaeta_n submit_v this_o do_v the_o great_a captain_n on_o the_o first_o of_o july_n besiege_v encamp_v near_o the_o suburb_n of_o gaeta_n that_o city_n be_v very_o strong_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n only_o towards_o the_o land_n be_v a_o narrow_a and_o uncouth_a way_n to_o it_o and_o over_o the_o city_n mount_n orlando_n of_o difficult_a access_n where_o the_o french_a have_v plant_v many_o piece_n of_o cannon_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o come_n near_o to_o it_o in_o the_o place_n be_v 4500_o man_n 1500_o of_o they_o horse_n what_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o the_o spaniard_n and_o consequent_o there_o be_v no_o hinder_v the_o recourse_n of_o provision_n or_o other_o supply_n to_o they_o though_o villamarin_n come_v thither_o with_o his_o galley_n the_o great_a captain_n cause_v his_o cannon_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o naples_n to_o batter_v the_o mount_n whence_o his_o man_n be_v much_o annoy_v lie_v within_o shot_n many_o of_o his_o man_n be_v kill_v and_o among_o they_o d._n hugh_n de_fw-fr cardona_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worth_n the_o besiege_v suffer_v for_o want_v of_o provision_n but_o chief_o of_o meal_n not_o have_v wherewith_o to_o grind_v their_o corn._n on_o the_o 6_o of_o august_n they_o receive_v supply_n of_o provision_n and_o 1500_o man_n in_o two_o carrac_n 4_o galleon_n and_o some_o galley_n which_o carry_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr saluzes_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n as_o viceroy_n the_o same_o day_n this_o supply_n come_v to_o they_o rabastein_n colonel_n of_o the_o german_n that_o serve_v in_o the_o spanish_a army_n be_v kill_v by_o a_o cannon_n shoot_v this_o
make_v the_o great_a captain_n draw_v back_o to_o castellon_n all_o this_o while_n nothing_o be_v do_v for_o though_o a_o breach_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o town_n wall_n it_o can_v not_o be_v attack_v nor_o do_v the_o besiege_a offer_n to_o sally_n but_o the_o day_n we_o retire_v 2500_o man_n attack_v our_o german_n in_o the_o rear_n who_o draw_v they_o on_o to_o a_o open_a ground_n far_o from_o the_o city_n than_o 400_o spaniard_n charge_v they_o so_o furious_o they_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o gaeta_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o 200_o who_o our_o man_n return_v strip_v at_o their_o leisure_n whilst_o this_o be_v do_v at_o gaeta_n both_o side_n make_v great_a preparation_n the_o king_n of_o france_n send_v the_o lord_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr trimoüille_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o gaeta_n with_o 600_o french_a lance_n and_o 8000_o swiss_n beside_o 4000_o french_a go_v by_o sea_n to_o leghorne_n telamonius_n and_o porto_n hercules_n the_o rendezvous_n be_v at_o parma_n thither_o repair_v the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n the_o marquis_n of_o mantua_n and_o other_o italian_a nobleman_n trimoüille_n die_v the_o marquis_n of_o mantua_n be_v make_v general_n of_o that_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o catholic_n king_n send_v 6_o galley_n to_o naples_n with_o man_n and_o money_n under_o the_o command_n of_o d._n raimund_n de_fw-fr cardona_n still_o the_o spanish_a fleet_n be_v inferior_a to_o the_o french_a which_o consist_v of_o 30_o sail_n of_o all_o sort_n the_o great_a captain_n labour_v to_o bring_v the_o family_n of_o the_o ursini_n to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o catholic_n king_n and_o at_o length_n prevail_v bartholomew_n de_fw-fr albiano_n come_v into_o the_o service_n as_o their_o chief_n and_o behave_v himself_o afterward_o with_o much_o bravery_n in_o the_o war_n of_o spaniard_n italy_n money_n be_v offer_v the_o emperor_n to_o induce_v he_o to_o invade_v lombardy_n and_o the_o pope_n be_v also_o tamper_v with_o to_o declare_v for_o spain_n for_o at_o this_o time_n he_o stand_v neuter_n but_o the_o treaty_n seem_v to_o be_v well_o advance_v if_o there_o be_v any_o confidence_n to_o be_v repose_v in_o duke_n valentin_n death_n prevent_v this_o take_a effect_n for_o the_o pope_n be_v snatch_v away_o by_o poison_n duke_n valentin_n have_v prepare_v for_o certain_a cardinal_n in_o the_o garden_n of_o cardinal_n adrian_n corneto_o where_o they_o supp_v the_o servant_n mistake_v the_o bottle_n give_v the_o pope_n the_o duke_n and_o cardinal_z adrian_z of_o the_o poison_n the_o duke_n immediate_o take_v antidote_n which_o with_o the_o strength_n of_o youth_n carry_v it_o off_o but_o the_o pope_n and_o cardinal_n be_v old_a can_v not_o overcome_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o potion_n this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o pope_n alexander_n who_o have_v scandalize_v the_o world_n many_o aspire_v to_o succeed_v he_o ground_v their_o pretension_n on_o their_o interest_n rather_o than_o their_o learning_n or_o piety_n king_n frederick_n have_v now_o a_o interview_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n at_o macon_n and_o proposal_n be_v make_v for_o restore_v he_o but_o all_o to_o no_o purpose_n great_a apprehension_n there_o be_v of_o a_o war_n in_o spain_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o force_n that_o gather_v about_o narbonne_n hereupon_o the_o catholic_n king_n go_v to_o zaragcça_n raise_v man_n and_o constitute_v roussillon_n d._n frederick_n de_fw-fr toledo_n duke_n of_o alva_n general_n of_o russillon_n some_o be_v for_o persuade_v the_o king_n to_o be_v beforehand_o with_o the_o enemy_n and_o invade_v france_n the_o distrust_n conceive_v against_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o navarre_n daily_o increase_v all_o that_o family_n be_v of_o the_o french_a interest_n insomuch_o that_o the_o lord_n of_o vannes_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n serve_v under_o they_o at_o naples_n and_o his_o father_n the_o lord_n d'_fw-fr albret_n be_v now_o make_v governor_n of_o guienne_n beside_o the_o lord_n of_o lusse_n intend_v to_o enter_v into_o the_o valley_n of_o anfo_n which_o be_v part_n of_o arragon_n to_z attack_z the_o castle_n of_o verdun_n and_o this_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o he_o be_v suffer_v to_o pass_v through_o val_n de_fw-fr roncal_n belong_v to_o navarre_n that_o king_n endeavour_v to_o clear_v himself_o and_o have_v to_o that_o purpose_n send_v his_o daughter_n magdalen_n to_o be_v breed_v under_o queen_n elizabeth_n but_o this_o be_v now_o a_o small_a tie_n because_o this_o same_o year_n be_v bear_v to_o he_o a_o son_n call_v henry_n who_o inherit_v that_o crown_n upon_o this_o suspicion_n queen_n elizabeth_n order_v the_o constable_n of_o castille_n and_o duke_n of_o najara_n with_o their_o own_o force_n and_o 500_o horse_n she_o send_v to_o draw_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o that_o kingdom_n though_o john_n de_fw-fr ribera_n who_o command_v there_o before_o be_v put_v all_o thing_n into_o the_o best_a posture_n he_o can_v no_o body_n doubt_v but_o the_o war_n will_v break_v out_o on_o that_o side_n so_o it_o prove_v for_o the_o king_n of_o france_n with_o all_o his_o force_n which_o amount_v to_o 20000_o man_n though_o the_o strength_n of_o they_o consist_v in_o 10000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n resolve_v to_o invade_v roussillon_n believe_v he_o shall_v find_v no_o sufficient_a force_n there_o to_o oppose_v he_o about_o the_o end_n of_o august_n the_o marshal_n de_fw-fr rieux_n have_v assemble_v all_o these_o force_n encamp_v on_o the_o border_n of_o roussillon_n at_o a_o place_n call_v palma_n there_o they_o stay_v some_o day_n and_o then_o march_v towards_o salsas_n the_o foot_n over_o the_o mountain_n the_o horse_n through_o the_o plain_a leave_v the_o pass_v guard_v lest_o our_o force_n shall_v cut_v off_o their_o provision_n that_o come_v from_o france_n on_o the_o 16_o of_o september_n they_o sit_v down_o before_o salsas_n the_o duke_n of_o alva_n be_v then_o at_o perpignan_n with_o 1000_o light_a horse_n 500_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 6000_o foot_n next_o day_n after_o he_o come_v d._n sancho_n de_fw-fr castilia_n who_o command_v there_o before_o throw_v himself_o into_o salsas_n some_o of_o the_o duke_n party_n go_v out_o to_o view_v the_o enemy_n camp_n and_o alarm_n they_o the_o duke_n himself_o come_v out_o of_o perpignan_n and_o encamp_v at_o rabalta_n above_z sallas_z and_o the_o french_a army_n there_o be_v no_o come_n at_o he_o there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o lay_v hold_n of_o any_o advantage_n shall_v be_v offer_v yet_o he_o offer_v battle_n which_o be_v too_o much_o boldness_n consider_v how_o much_o weak_a he_o be_v than_o the_o enemy_n but_o he_o have_v much_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n whilst_o the_o french_a lay_n before_o salsas_n the_o cardinal_n at_o rome_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o conclave_n to_o choose_v a_o new_a pope_n there_o be_v many_o candidate_n the_o cardinal_n of_o rouen_n be_v strong_o support_v by_o the_o french_a and_o the_o cardinal_n bernardin_n de_fw-fr carvajall_v no_o less_o by_o the_o great_a captain_n yet_o neither_o of_o they_o nor_o the_o cardinal_n peter_n julia_n de_fw-fr robere_fw-la nor_o he_o of_o naples_n who_o also_o make_v interest_n carry_v it_o though_o they_o stay_v the_o election_n 35_o day_n the_o cardinal_n agree_v that_o whosoever_o be_v choose_v pope_n shall_v be_v oblige_v within_o two_o year_n to_o assemble_v a_o general_n council_n and_o that_o one_o shall_v be_v call_v every_o 3_o year_n ever_o after_o to_o reform_v all_o abuse_n to_o this_o all_o the_o cardinal_n swear_v and_o then_o by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n make_v choice_n of_o francis_n picolomini_n cardinal_n of_o pope_n sienna_n who_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o pious_a man._n he_o be_v elect_v on_o the_o 22th_o of_o september_n and_o take_v the_o name_n of_o pius_n iii_o in_o honour_n of_o his_o uncle_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n pope_n pius_n ii_o his_fw-la first_o thought_n be_v to_o reform_v the_o church_n and_o state_n which_o he_o declare_v before_o his_o coronation_n resolve_v to_o call_v a_o general_n council_n immediate_o but_o death_n snatch_v he_o away_o 26_o day_n after_o his_o election_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o all_o his_o virtuous_a design_n chap._n ii_o the_o french_a besiege_v saulse_n or_o as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o salsas_n the_o siege_n raise_v nineteen_o sail_n of_o infidel_n destroy_v pope_n pius_n iii_o die_n julius_z ii_o choose_a the_o french_a army_n march_v through_o italy_n two_o defeat_v give_v they_o at_o salsas_n or_o as_o the_o french_a call_v it_o saulse_n they_o batter_v the_o castle_n so_o furious_o at_o the_o same_o time_n carry_v on_o their_o mine_n that_o they_o overthrow_v a_o large_a space_n of_o the_o great_a tower_n and_o saulse_n bulwark_n that_o be_v not_o quite_o finish_v thus_o the_o ditch_n be_v fill_v up_o they_o make_v their_o approach_n to_o
not_o long_o for_o the_o enemy_n soon_o flee_v our_o man_n pursue_v they_o close_o at_o the_o heel_n up_o to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o mola_n and_o gaeta_n where_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n save_v themselves_o many_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o way_n they_o lose_v 32_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o 1500_o horse_n such_o of_o the_o french_a as_o flee_v towards_o fundi_n and_o other_o that_o be_v quarter_v thereabouts_o be_v kill_v or_o take_v by_o the_o country_n people_n who_o rose_z and_o secure_v all_o the_o pass_n so_o that_o very_o few_o of_o they_o escape_v bartholomew_n de_fw-fr alvinao_n and_o d._n hugo_n de_fw-fr moncada_n give_v proof_n of_o their_o valour_n in_o this_o action_n and_o during_o the_o whole_a time_n it_o be_v in_o hand_n chap._n iii_o the_o city_n gaeta_n surrender_v a_o truce_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o perfect_a of_o rome_n submit_v to_o spain_n the_o nobility_n of_o naples_n swear_v allegiance_n to_o spain_n and_o several_a city_n of_o italy_n sue_v for_o its_o protection_n truce_n for_o three_o year_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o great_a captain_n will_v glad_o have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o confusion_n the_o french_a be_v in_o to_o captain_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o mount_n orlando_n which_o command_v gaeta_n but_o the_o rain_n be_v so_o violent_a and_o the_o soldier_n so_o weary_a and_o spend_v with_o hunger_n not_o have_v eat_v that_o day_n or_o the_o night_n before_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o return_v to_o his_o former_a camp_n at_o castellon_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o french_a to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o mola_n with_o their_o field_n piece_n believe_v that_o will_v be_v the_o first_o place_n attack_v but_o the_o great_a captain_n have_v refresh_v his_o man_n to_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o the_o enemy_n consternation_n march_v direct_o to_o gaeta_n very_o little_a defence_n be_v make_v at_o the_o mount_n where_o our_o cannon_n have_v before_o make_v a_o breach_n and_o the_o garrison_n have_v scarce_o time_n to_o retire_v into_o the_o city_n here_o they_o lose_v what_o have_v be_v save_v in_o the_o fight_n 1000_o horse_n be_v take_v and_o two_o piece_n of_o cannon_n that_o do_v we_o all_o the_o mischief_n the_o first_o siege_n what_o be_v more_o the_o french_a be_v quite_o dismay_v especial_o when_o they_o see_v the_o spaniard_n entrench_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_v of_o the_o town_n 50_o man_n at_o arm_n command_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o mirandula_n come_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o surrender_v themselves_o that_o same_o night_n 3_o deputy_n come_v out_o from_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr saluzze_n to_o treat_v of_o a_o surrender_n their_o first_o demand_n be_v to_o have_v the_o prisoner_n ransom_v which_o be_v deny_v they_o then_o they_o offer_v to_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n and_o castle_n of_o gaeta_n the_o rock_n of_o mondragon_n and_o all_o the_o spanish_a and_o italian_a prisoner_n they_o have_v in_o exchange_n for_o the_o french_a and_o italian_a prisoner_n on_o our_o side_n this_o proposal_n be_v not_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o great_a captain_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o felease_v the_o italian_n particular_o the_o marquis_n of_o bitonto_n matthew_n de_fw-fr aquaviva_fw-la and_o alonso_n de_fw-fr sanseverino_n cousin_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bisiniano_n who_o he_o intend_v whole_o to_o put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o catholic_n king_n after_o some_o debate_n the_o french_a abandon_v the_o italian_n and_o on_o the_o first_o of_o january_n 1504_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o aubigni_n and_o the_o other_o french_a shall_v be_v discharge_v and_o that_o as_o to_o the_o italian_n the_o catholic_n king_n shall_v not_o execute_v any_o of_o they_o till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o king_n of_o france_n can_v send_v ambassador_n to_o intercede_v for_o they_o the_o soldier_n be_v to_o depart_v with_o their_o arm_n and_o baggage_n the_o citizen_n of_o gaeta_n to_o be_v no_o way_n molest_v nor_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o other_o place_n for_o have_v side_v with_o the_o french_a upon_o this_o agreement_n such_o as_o be_v to_o go_v by_o sea_n begin_v immediate_o to_o embark_v theodore_n trivulcio_n march_v out_o with_o the_o french_a and_o italian_n that_o be_v to_o go_v by_o land_n this_o do_v on_o the_o 3d_o of_o january_n the_o city_n and_o castle_n be_v deliver_v up_o and_o the_o prisoner_n on_o our_o side_n release_v the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n and_o castle_n be_v give_v to_o luis_n de_fw-fr herrera_n as_o he_o have_v well_o deserve_v his_o command_n of_o lieutenant_n of_o taranto_n be_v confer_v on_o peter_n hernandez_n de_fw-fr nicuessa_n two_o day_n after_o the_o surrender_n come_v thither_o the_o lord_n of_o aubigni_n and_o about_o 1200_o french_a prisoner_n aubigni_n go_v present_o aboard_o the_o rest_n be_v conduct_v by_o land_n but_o most_o of_o they_o die_v by_o the_o way_n as_o do_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr saluzze_n at_o genoa_n the_o sieur_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr palisse_n have_v before_o be_v exchange_v for_o d._n antony_n de_fw-fr cardona_n this_o d._n antony_n serve_v very_o well_o as_o do_v his_o brother_n wherefore_o the_o catholic_n king_n give_v he_o padula_n which_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o caparlo_n and_o create_v he_o marquis_n thereof_o someblamed_a the_o great_a captain_n for_o give_v such_o advantageous_a term_n but_o he_o have_v reason_n enough_o to_o justify_v his_o proceed_n the_o chief_a be_v want_v of_o money_n to_o pay_v his_o man_n who_o he_o fear_v may_v again_o mutiny_n then_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v whole_o devote_v to_o the_o french_a and_o last_o the_o treaty_n about_o restore_a king_n frederick_n which_o do_v the_o spaniard_n a_o incredible_a diskindness_n for_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o spanish_a faction_n be_v discourage_v and_o their_o adversaire_n take_v heart_n beside_o none_o of_o the_o revenue_n be_v pay_v in_o every_o one_o wait_v to_o pay_v it_o to_o king_n frederick_n if_o he_o return_v thus_o the_o want_v of_o the_o army_n daily_o increase_v therefore_o gaeta_n be_v reduce_v before_o any_o change_n shall_v happen_v the_o duke_n of_o term_n be_v send_v to_o govern_v abruzzo_n and_o bring_v under_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr bitonto_fw-mi in_o that_o province_n bartholomew_n de_fw-fr albiano_n against_o luis_n de_fw-fr arsi_fw-la who_o fortify_v venosa_fw-la against_o the_o earl_n of_o conversano_n go_v the_o earl_n of_o matera_fw-la and_o peter_n de_fw-fr paz._n giles_n nieto_n and_o peter_n navarro_n besiege_v the_o earl_n of_o capacho_n in_o laurino_n and_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o depart_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o equipage_n to_o trana_n hold_v by_o the_o venetian_n but_o he_o be_v to_o leave_v the_o cattle_n cannon_n and_o ammunition_n in_o galabria_n gomez_n de_fw-fr solis_n take_v all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o rosano_n except_o the_o city_n rosano_n and_o sanseverino_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v besiege_a the_o great_a captain_n design_v to_o invade_v the_o land_n of_o the_o perfect_a of_o rome_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n which_o he_o prevent_v by_o submit_v they_o to_o the_o spain_n crown_n of_o spain_n wherewith_o the_o great_a captain_n be_v satisfy_v though_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v in_o his_o heart_n a_o frenchman_n and_o only_o to_o submit_v to_o necessity_n rosano_n be_v at_o last_o deliver_v up_o by_o the_o townsman_n and_o in_o it_o the_o prince_n and_o several_a baron_n be_v make_v prisoner_n sanseverino_n soon_o after_o do_v the_o same_o peter_n de_fw-fr paz_n take_v conversano_n by_o storm_n thus_o all_o calabria_n be_v reduce_v and_o d._n hugo_n de_fw-fr moncada_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o it_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ayelo_n grow_v unfit_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a age._n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o gaeta_n and_o order_v it_o to_o be_v inhabit_a by_o spaniard_n to_o save_v the_o great_a charge_n of_o a_o garrison_n the_o great_a captain_n go_v away_o to_o naples_n where_o he_o be_v spain_n receive_v with_o such_o applause_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v their_o king_n who_o have_v return_v victorious_a thither_o he_o summon_v the_o baron_n &_o counsel_n because_o many_o though_o they_o have_v submit_v to_o spain_n have_v not_o yet_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n such_o as_o have_v serve_v well_o he_o gratify_v and_o reward_v particular_o bartholomew_n de_fw-fr alviano_n to_o who_o in_o the_o principality_n of_o bisignano_n he_o assign_v 8000_o ducat_n a_o year_n and_o 2200_o among_o his_o kindred_n according_a to_o every_o man_n merit_n these_o favour_n do_v to_o the_o ursini_n so_o nettle_v the_o colonese_n that_o prosper_n colona_n go_v to_o spain_n to_o complain_v and_o have_v the_o government_n alter_v and_o fabricius_n send_v from_o rome_n to_o ask_v leave_n to_o serve_v the_o florentine_n which_o be_v grant_v lest_o
will_v never_o consent_v to_o it_o unless_o he_o be_v allow_v to_o share_v in_o the_o government_n and_o also_o in_o the_o revenue_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o think_v to_o supply_v his_o great_a want_n he_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v into_o his_o service_n 1500_o of_o the_o catholic_n king_n be_v soldier_n that_o serve_v in_o france_n but_o the_o catholic_n king_n send_v alonsode_n olmedes_n to_o keep_v they_o where_o they_o be_v they_o obey_v though_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n declare_v they_o rebel_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v the_o emperor_n subject_n the_o emperor_n high_o resent_v that_o the_o catholic_n king_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o andrew_n de_fw-fr burgo_n who_o he_o send_v with_o the_o character_n of_o his_o ambassador_n at_o this_o time_n king_n emanuel_n of_o portugal_n extend_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o name_n still_o send_v new_a fleet_n to_o india_n and_o obtain_v fresh_a victory_n the_o king_n of_o calicut_n and_o cambaya_n be_v profess_v enemy_n of_o the_o portuguese_n and_o therefore_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o cochin_n and_o other_o prince_n who_o receive_v they_o into_o their_o port_n and_o trade_v with_o they_o the_o nobility_n of_o andaluzia_n be_v offend_v for_o that_o the_o catholic_n king_n make_v not_o so_o great_a account_n of_o they_o as_o of_o those_o of_o castille_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o malcontent_n be_v the_o marquis_n andaluzia_n of_o priego_n d._n peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr cordova_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la in_o a_o tumult_n at_o cordova_n the_o officer_n of_o justice_n apprehend_v one_o of_o the_o mutineer_n who_o the_o bishop_n servant_n rescue_v king_n ferdinand_n set_v fernan_n gomez_n de_fw-fr herrera_n a_o alcalde_fw-es de_fw-fr corte_z with_o some_o man_n to_o punish_v that_o insolency_n he_o have_v begin_v to_o do_v his_o duty_n the_o marquis_n of_o priego_n send_v he_o order_n to_o desist_v and_o depart_v the_o city_n till_o the_o king_n pleasute_n be_v far_o know_v he_o on_o the_o contrary_n command_v the_o marquis_n and_o his_o brother_n in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o be_v go_v out_o of_o cordova_n the_o marquis_n gather_v a_o force_n apprehend_v the_o alcalde_fw-es but_o release_v he_o again_o upon_o promise_n that_o he_o will_v not_o return_v to_o cordova_n this_o affront_v the_o king_n high_o resent_v and_o set_v out_o himself_o to_o revenge_v it_o at_o arcos_n he_o take_v prince_n ferdinand_n from_o the_o queen_n against_o her_o will_n upon_o pretence_n of_o his_o health_n he_o summon_v force_n to_o join_v he_o in_o order_n to_o punish_v that_o insolence_n and_o in_o pursuance_n thereof_o the_o deputy_n of_o sevil_n d._n inigo_n de_fw-fr velasco_n order_v all_o betwixt_o 60_o and_o 20_o year_n of_o age_n to_o be_v ready_a to_o march_v against_o the_o marquis_n the_o great_a captain_n write_v to_o the_o marquis_n his_o cousin_n advise_v he_o to_o submit_v and_o he_o intend_v so_o to_o do_v the_o nobility_n and_o particular_o the_o great_a captain_n labour_v to_o appease_v the_o king_n who_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o give_v way_n to_o entreaty_n the_o marquis_n come_v to_o submit_v himself_o when_o the_o king_n be_v at_o toledo_n and_o be_v order_v to_o wait_v 5_o league_n from_o court_n and_o deliver_v up_o all_o his_o strong_a hold_n he_o obey_v with_o the_o king_n go_v to_o cordova_n 1000_o horse_n and_o 3000_o foot_n the_o marquis_n be_v take_v and_o charge_v with_o high_a treason_n will_v make_v no_o defence_n but_o cast_v himself_o upon_o the_o king_n mercy_n judgement_n be_v give_v some_o gentleman_n be_v condemn_v to_o death_n some_o of_o the_o commonalty_n execute_v the_o house_n of_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr carzama_n mutineer_n and_o bernardin_n de_fw-fr bocanegra_n who_o be_v in_o prison_n be_v raze_v the_o marquis_n be_v banish_v for_o ever_o out_o of_o cordova_n and_o out_o of_o andaluzia_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n who_o be_v also_o to_o secure_v all_o his_o strong_a hold_n except_o his_o house_n at_o montilla_n which_o be_v to_o be_v demolish_v the_o great_a captain_n and_o constable_n be_v extreme_o disgu_v at_o this_o severity_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v think_v the_o latter_a will_v have_v depart_v the_o kingdom_n from_o cordova_n the_o king_n send_v d._n henry_n de_fw-fr toledo_n and_o the_o licenciat_a ferdinand_n tello_n to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o pope_n for_o the_o queen_n his_o daughter_n at_o naples_n die_v the_o queen_n of_o hungary_n so_o very_o poor_a the_o viceroy_n be_v force_v to_o pay_v the_o charge_n of_o her_o obsequy_n she_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n peter_n martyr_n where_o the_o body_n of_o her_o mother_n lie_v king_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o sevil_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a pomp_n and_o joy_n with_o he_o go_v the_o queen_n his_o wife_n and_o prince_n ferdinand_n henry_n duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n be_v leave_v young_a by_o his_o father_n under_o the_o guardianship_n of_o d._n peter_n giron_n to_o who_o sister_n he_o be_v contract_v the_o duke_n be_v haughty_a and_o turbulent_a and_o have_v design_v to_o assist_v the_o marquis_n of_o priego_n to_o appease_v the_o king_n it_o be_v offer_v he_o shall_v deliver_v up_o his_o chief_a fortress_n and_o the_o constable_n will_v be_v bind_v for_o his_o good_a behaviour_n nevertheless_o neither_o the_o duke_n nor_o d._n peter_n giron_n come_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n who_o thereupon_o put_v d._n peter_n from_o his_o guardianship_n banish_v he_o from_o sevil_n and_o all_o the_o land_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n and_o the_o duke_n be_v command_v to_o deliver_v up_o all_o his_o place_n of_o strength_n they_o both_o flee_v to_o portugal_n and_o the_o king_n order_v their_o lieutenant_n to_o deliver_v the_o fort_n those_o of_o niebla_n and_o figueras_n will_v not_o submit_v and_o therefore_o niebla_n be_v take_v by_o force_n and_o plunder_v this_o severity_n make_v all_o place_n comply_v this_o estate_n be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o sevil_n and_o the_o council_n order_v to_o prosecute_v d._n peter_n giron_n the_o nobility_n but_o chief_o the_o constable_n resent_v this_o rigorous_a proceed_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v resolve_v to_o humble_v their_o pride_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n advise_v he_o so_o to_o do_v the_o catholic_n king_n spend_v all_o autumn_n in_o settle_v andaluzia_n and_o thence_o promote_v the_o war_n in_o africa_n assist_v the_o portuguese_n who_o be_v much_o distress_v the_o king_n of_o fez_n be_v at_o variance_n with_o his_o two_o brother_n it_o be_v think_v a_o good_a opportunity_n to_o gain_v some_o advantage_n in_o africa_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n a_o fleet_n be_v fit_v out_o at_o malaga_n the_o pirate_n of_o spaniard_n velez_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr gomera_n do_v much_o harm_n at_o this_o time_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o granada_n count_n peter_n navarro_n our_o admiral_n give_v they_o chase_n take_v some_o vessel_n and_o pursue_v the_o other_o to_o a_o island_n opposite_a to_o velez_n and_o the_o common_a refuge_n of_o those_o corsair_n there_o be_v 200_o moor_n in_o the_o fort_n of_o that_o island_n which_o they_o call_v penon_n these_o think_v the_o earl_n will_v attack_v velez_n abandon_v the_o island_n to_o defend_v the_o town_n but_o he_o immediate_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o castle_n which_o command_v the_o harbour_n and_o city_n and_o thence_o do_v they_o so_o much_o harm_n that_o the_o moor_n be_v force_v to_o live_v under_o ground_n this_o place_n be_v take_v on_o the_o 23th_o of_o july_n and_o order_v to_o be_v fortify_v and_o well_o garrison_v the_o portuguese_n make_v war_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n along_o the_o ocean_n a_o moor_n call_v zelum_fw-la cousin_n to_o the_o king_n of_o fez_n offer_v to_o put_v they_o in_o a_o way_n to_o take_v azamor_n a_o famous_a city_n on_o that_o coast_n king_n emanuel_n give_v credit_n to_o he_o fit_v a_o fleet_n which_o carry_v 400_o horse_n and_o above_o 2000_o foot_n under_o the_o command_n of_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr meneses_n this_o fleet_n sail_v from_o lisbon_n on_o the_o 26_o of_o july_n and_o find_v all_o thing_n otherwise_o than_o they_o expect_v for_o the_o citizen_n defend_v themselves_o well_o and_o zelum_fw-la aid_v they_o this_o bring_v the_o portuguese_n into_o great_a danger_n and_o they_o be_v force_v to_o depart_v arzila_n without_o do_v any_o thing_n the_o wether_n be_v bad_a and_o the_o tide_n low_a some_o vessel_n and_o among_o they_o one_o galley_n strike_v the_o rest_n come_v to_o the_o straits_n mouth_n this_o loss_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o special_a providence_n for_o the_o king_n of_o fez_n with_o a_o mighty_a power_n sit_v down_o before_o arzila_n on_o the_o 19_o of_o october_n d._n vasco_n coutino_n earl_n of_o borva_n be_v governor_n who_o the_o first_o day_n repulse_v the_o moor_n with_o much_o bravery_n but_o the_o next_o day_n
the_o kingdom_n of_o asturias_n but_o the_o king_n say_v it_o have_v never_o allow_v any_o prince_n and_o therefore_o consent_v to_o allow_v he_o 30000_o ducat_n a_o year_n and_o to_o add_v to_o that_o sum_n whensoever_o he_o be_v marry_v the_o emperor_n also_o demand_v for_o himself_o 100000_o ducat_n of_o which_o 50000_o be_v allow_v he_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o florentine_n on_o account_n of_o the_o delivery_n of_o pisa_n to_o they_o king_n ferdinand_n also_o offer_v to_o assist_v the_o emperor_n against_o the_o venetian_n with_o 300_o man_n at_o arm_n to_o who_o he_o will_v give_v 4_o or_o 5_o month_n pay_n it_o be_v also_o agree_v that_o whensoever_o prince_n charles_n will_v go_v into_o spain_n a_o fleet_n shall_v be_v send_v for_o he_o and_o prince_n ferdinand_n shall_v go_v to_o flanders_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o other_o be_v land_v in_o spain_n upon_o these_o condition_n they_o join_v in_o league_n and_o all_o difference_n be_v reconcile_v because_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o cardinal_n d'_fw-fr amboise_n have_v be_v choose_v arbitrator_n these_o article_n be_v send_v to_o they_o to_o peruse_v and_o they_o approve_v of_o the_o same_o on_o the_o 12_o of_o december_n this_o do_v all_o their_o estate_n be_v restore_v to_o those_o who_o have_v be_v of_o the_o emperor_n be_v and_o prince_n party_n and_o d._n peter_n de_fw-fr guevara_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n according_a to_o capitulation_n upon_o which_o some_o gentleman_n depart_v the_o kingdom_n pretend_v to_o go_v serve_v the_o prince_n among_o these_o d._n alonso_n manrique_n bishop_n of_o badajoz_n be_v most_o remarkable_a at_o this_o time_n the_o earl_n of_o pitillano_n the_o venetian_a general_n die_v at_o lonigo_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o vincenza_n king_n ferdinand_n order_v the_o earl_n of_o lemos_n who_o still_o hold_v intelligence_n in_o portugal_n and_o flanders_n to_o deliver_v up_o the_o fort_n of_o sarria_n and_o monforte_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o poça_n than_o governor_n of_o galicia_n d._n raymund_n de_fw-fr cardona_n viceroy_n of_o sicily_n be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v the_o earl_n of_o ribagorça_n at_o naples_n and_o d._n hugo_n de_fw-fr moncada_n to_o be_v viceroy_n of_o sicily_n various_a report_n be_v spread_v abroad_o concern_v this_o change_n of_o viceroy_n at_o naples_n most_o man_n say_v the_o earl_n of_o ribagorça_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o that_o command_n other_o believe_v the_o ursini_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o removal_n but_o who_o can_v stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o multitude_n or_o fathom_v the_o design_n of_o prince_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v desirous_a to_o employ_v his_o force_n against_o the_o infidel_n be_v always_o for_o conclude_v venice_n a_o peace_n with_o the_o venetian_n and_o join_v in_o league_n with_o they_o after_o each_o of_o the_o confederate_n have_v recover_v what_o he_o pretend_v a_o right_a to_o thus_o he_o propose_v with_o the_o joint_a force_n of_o they_o all_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o turk_n the_o common_a enemy_n of_o christendom_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o reconcile_v such_o different_a interest_n he_o propose_v to_o join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o other_o prince_n and_o to_o go_v himself_o in_o person_n to_o the_o levant_n this_o his_o design_n he_o make_v know_v to_o the_o pope_n who_o approve_v of_o it_o and_o offer_v to_o forward_o it_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o sicily_n lie_v opportune_o for_o this_o enterprise_n those_o who_o well_o weigh_v the_o circumstance_n of_o thing_n think_v it_o not_o fit_a for_o the_o king_n at_o his_o age_n and_o in_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o affair_n in_o castille_n to_o absent_v himself_o so_o far_o off_o it_o be_v think_v more_o expedient_a to_o continue_v the_o conquest_n of_o africa_n so_o fortunate_o begin_v count_n peter_n navarro_n have_v 13_o ship_n well_o equip_v in_o the_o port_n of_o mazalquivir_n he_o sail_v thence_o with_o some_o choose_a troop_n to_o the_o island_n yviça_n where_o hierome_n vianelo_n 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army_n and_o be_v near_o damascus_n defeat_v and_o slay_v by_o selimus_n the_o turkish_a emperor_n in_o his_o stead_n the_o mamaluke_n set_v up_o tomombeyu_v who_o be_v by_o the_o turk_n in_o battle_n put_v to_o the_o rout_n and_o the_o city_n cairo_n take_v be_v by_o they_o empale_v thus_o the_o turk_n selimus_n have_v conquer_v the_o province_n of_o syria_n and_o egypt_n return_v home_o victorious_a his_o empire_n be_v much_o augment_v and_o his_o strength_n increase_v by_o so_o large_a a_o addition_n martin_n luther_n take_v this_o occasion_n to_o spread_v his_o new_a doctrine_n pope_n julius_n have_v begin_v luther_n the_o structure_n of_o the_o vatican_n and_o pope_n leo_n the_o ten_o his_o successor_n to_o finish_v it_o grant_v a_o jubilee_n throughout_o the_o world_n to_o such_o as_o give_v some_o charity_n towards_o that_o work_n albertus_n archbishop_n of_o mentz_n to_o who_o the_o charge_n of_o publish_v this_o jubilee_n in_o germany_n be_v commit_v give_v it_o in_o charge_n 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levant_n italy_n in_o several_a place_n ravage_v the_o coast_n of_o naples_n the_o fear_n be_v great_a than_o the_o harm_n though_o he_o take_v and_o plunder_v the_o city_n and_o island_n of_o lipari_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n he_o take_v plunder_v and_o burn_v the_o city_n pati_fw-la many_o thousand_o soul_n be_v carry_v by_o he_o into_o captivity_n the_o duke_n do_v anguien_v with_o a_o great_a army_n enter_v milan_n the_o marquis_n del_fw-it gasto_n march_v to_o oppose_v he_o they_o meet_v near_o a_o town_n call_v carigno_fw-la and_o the_o battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 14_o of_o april_n which_o be_v very_o bloody_a but_o the_o french_a obtain_v the_o victory_n and_o yet_o can_v not_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o england_n have_v make_v a_o league_n against_o france_n the_o emperor_n france_n break_v into_o france_n by_o the_o way_n of_o flanders_n take_v several_a town_n and_o come_v near_o to_o paris_n so_o great_a be_v the_o terror_n he_o spread_v that_o many_o of_o the_o wealthy_a citizen_n abandon_v that_o city_n this_o consternation_n be_v the_o great_a for_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o city_n of_o boulogne_n under_o these_o circumstance_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v set_v a_o foot_n the_o ambassador_n of_o these_o prince_n meet_v at_o soissons_fw-fr where_o they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n upon_o the_o follow_a condition_n that_o all_o thing_n take_v on_o either_o side_n since_o the_o truce_n conclude_v at_o nice_a shall_v be_v restore_v that_o they_o shall_v join_v their_o force_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o catholic_n religion_n against_o the_o turk_n and_o heretic_n that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v renounce_v all_o his_o pretension_n in_o flanders_n arragon_n or_o naples_n that_o the_o emperor_n shall_v give_v to_o charles_n duke_n of_o orleans_n the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o young_a son_n one_o of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n or_o else_o one_o of_o those_o of_o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n in_o case_n he_o give_v his_o own_o daughter_n he_o shall_v give_v she_o in_o dower_n the_o low_a country_n with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n to_o her_o husband_n but_o if_o it_o be_v his_o brother_n daughter_n that_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n shall_v be_v her_o dower_n the_o agreement_n be_v make_v on_o the_o 24_o of_o september_n but_o it_o take_v no_o effect_n charles_n duke_n of_o orleans_n soon_o after_o die_v anno_fw-la 1545._o prince_n philip_n of_o spain_n be_v before_o contract_v to_o mary_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n philip._n last_o year_n they_o be_v marry_v at_o salamanca_n with_o great_a solemnity_n the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n go_v to_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n to_o conduct_v the_o bride_n who_o soon_o after_o prove_v with_o child_n and_o be_v
ferdinand_n gonçaga_n governor_n of_o milan_n seize_v that_o city_n and_o put_v a_o garrison_n into_o it_o the_o pope_n fortify_v parma_n and_o put_v camillus_n vrsinus_n into_o it_o afterward_o that_o dominion_n be_v give_v to_o octavius_n farnesius_n duke_n of_o parma_n son_n to_o peter_n luis_n anno_fw-la 1548._o the_o break_v up_o of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o resent_v for_o that_o among_o the_o other_o article_n of_o peace_n with_o the_o prince_n and_o city_n of_o germany_n one_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o father_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n heretic_n this_o design_n fail_v to_o reconcile_v all_o matter_n in_o difference_n at_o the_o diet_n at_o auspurb_n a_o book_n be_v publish_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o catholic_n doctrine_n but_o allow_v the_o laity_n to_o communicate_v in_o both_o kind_n and_o priest_n to_o marry_o it_o be_v call_v a_o interim_n because_o to_o last_o till_o the_o 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navarre_n and_o mother_n to_o the_o abovementioned_a lady_n joanna_n in_o germany_n some_o synod_n be_v hold_v particular_o at_o treves_n metz_n and_o cologne_n by_o the_o emperor_n procurement_n to_o bring_v the_o delude_a people_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o church_n in_o africa_n a_o man_n call_v xerife_n the_o son_n of_o a_o merchant_n and_o himself_o a_o schoolmaster_n africa_n under_o the_o pretend_a veil_n of_o sanctity_n draw_v together_o a_o number_n of_o arm_a people_n wherewith_o he_o expel_v the_o king_n of_o morocco_n fez_n and_o veles_n he_o of_o veles_n flee_v for_o refuge_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n of_o who_o he_o receive_v nothing_o but_o good_a word_n this_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o bloody_a war_n in_o africa_n in_o england_n peter_n martyr_v at_o oxford_n begin_v public_o to_o teach_v the_o heresy_n of_o the_o sacramentarian_o and_o great_a tumult_n happen_v about_o the_o change_n of_o religion_n they_o 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that_o city_n lie_v near_o to_z forward_z the_o proceed_n of_o the_o council_n king_n henry_n of_o france_n on_o the_o sudden_a commence_a war_n in_o flanders_n and_o milan_n he_o call_v the_o turkish_a fleet_n to_o his_o aid_n which_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n take_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o augusta_n flanders_n seat_v beyond_o the_o city_n catania_n thence_o they_o sail_v over_o to_o malta_n but_o not_o succeed_v there_o cross_v the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n take_v tripoli_n deliver_v to_o they_o by_o the_o knight_n of_o malta_n who_o have_v keep_v it_o ever_o since_o rhodes_n be_v lose_v two_o french_a knight_n have_v the_o great_a share_n in_o that_o treachery_n the_o spaniard_n pay_v dear_o for_o their_o loyalty_n about_o 400_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n it_o be_v give_v out_o the_o turk_n do_v this_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n of_o
bohemia_n and_o austria_n to_o his_o brother_n mathias_n reserve_v to_o himself_o a_o portion_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o court._n after_o this_o he_o die_v in_o the_o same_o city_n the_o 20_o of_o january_n this_o year_n soon_o after_o the_o elector_n meet_v at_o francford_n and_o choose_v mathias_n brother_n to_o the_o late_a emperor_n his_o successor_n this_o year_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o april_n die_v at_o valencia_n francis_n hierome_n simon_n a_o benefice_a priest_n of_o that_o city_n be_v 33_o year_n of_o age_n the_o people_n reverence_v he_o as_o a_o saint_n and_o have_v particular_o signalise_v their_o zeal_n herein_o the_o archbishop_n will_v have_v hinder_v their_o proceed_n as_o too_o forward_o whereupon_o ensue_v many_o tumult_n till_o at_o last_o this_o affair_n be_v refer_v to_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1613._o about_o this_o time_n come_v into_o spain_n the_o latin_a history_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-mi thou_o precedent_n of_o parliament_n a_o great_a favourer_n of_o heretic_n and_o enemy_n to_o catholic_n he_o neither_o spare_v the_o pope_n nor_o king_n of_o france_n be_v a_o utter_a enemy_n to_o the_o house_n of_o guise_n once_o the_o great_a stay_n of_o that_o crown_n he_o be_v sufficient_o stuff_v with_o falsehood_n and_o be_v prohibit_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1610._o soon_o after_o in_o spain_n it_o be_v order_v to_o be_v purge_v a_o french_a man_n write_v learned_o against_o he_o and_o calls_z himself_z john_n baptista_z gallus_z which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o feign_a name_n none_o dare_v public_o to_o write_v against_o a_o person_n so_o great_a in_o power_n as_o a_o precedent_n a_o false_a catholic_n do_v more_o harm_n than_o a_o open_a heretic_n as_o say_v s._n bernard_n anno_fw-la 1614_o upon_o saturday_n the_o 24_o of_o may_v there_o happen_v a_o earthquake_n in_o the_o island_n tercera_n which_o do_v much_o harm_n in_o the_o town_n of_o playa_n the_o mischief_n be_v great_a for_o private_a earthquake_n house_n monastery_n and_o church_n be_v overthrow_v in_o the_o city_n angla_n 11_o church_n and_o 19_o chapel_n beside_o private_a house_n be_v destroy_v in_o august_n our_o fleet_n command_v by_o d._n luis_n faxardo_n take_v the_o city_n mamora_n as_o be_v before_o hint_v it_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o ocean_n five_o league_n from_o tangier_n and_o twenty-five_o take_v from_o arzila_n anno_fw-la 1615._o there_o have_v be_v of_o late_a war_n in_o italy_n betwixt_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n and_o mantua_n the_o mantua_n cause_n of_o it_o be_v that_o alfonso_n duke_n of_o mantua_n who_o marry_v the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n daughter_n at_o his_o death_n leave_v no_o issue_n but_o one_o daughter_n his_o brother_n alexander_n the_o cardinal_n resign_v up_o his_o cap_n inherit_v that_o dominion_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n pretend_v that_o his_o grandchild_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o late_a duke_n though_o as_o a_o woman_n she_o can_v not_o be_v heiress_n to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mantua_n yet_o she_o may_v to_o that_o of_o montferrat_n which_o for_o some_o year_n have_v be_v unite_v to_o the_o other_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o blow_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n by_o force_n possess_v himself_o of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o country_n the_o catholic_n king_n philip_n the_o three_o to_o prevent_v the_o embroil_v of_o italy_n will_v have_v have_v this_o difference_n determine_v by_o course_n of_o law_n and_o because_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n refuse_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o after_o some_o bloodshed_n it_o be_v at_o last_o agree_v on_o the_o 21th_o of_o july_n this_o year_n that_o both_o party_n shall_v disarm_v and_o the_o difference_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o emperor_n as_o the_o proper_a judge_n those_o dominion_n be_v feoffe_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o king_n approve_v not_o of_o this_o peace_n and_o therefore_o the_o war_n break_v out_o again_o d._n peter_n de_fw-fr toledo_n marquis_n of_o villafranca_n after_o a_o long_a siege_n take_v the_o city_n vercelli_n soon_o after_o affair_n be_v compose_v it_o be_v restore_v by_o d._n goniez_fw-fr de_fw-fr figueroa_n duke_n of_o feria_n who_o succeed_v the_o marquis_n in_o the_o government_n of_o milan_n it_o be_v report_v the_o venetian_n underhand_o assist_v the_o duke_n in_o this_o war._n the_o duke_n of_o ossuna_n then_o viceroy_n of_o naples_n arm_v against_o they_o and_o in_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n take_v some_o of_o their_o ship_n beside_o other_o harm_n he_o do_v they_o soon_o after_o the_o duke_n of_o feria_n take_v valtolina_n a_o most_o important_a place_n as_o be_v the_o pass_n between_o italy_n and_o germany_n which_o he_o fortify_v and_o put_v into_o it_o a_o strong_a garrison_n at_o burgos_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o october_n prince_n philip_n be_v marry_v by_o proxy_n to_o the_o lady_n elizabeth_n sister_n sister_n to_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n contract_v to_o anne_n princess_n of_o castille_n this_o princess_n two_o day_n before_o renounce_v any_o right_a or_o title_n she_o may_v have_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o her_o brother_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o castille_n or_o arragon_n or_o to_o the_o low_a country_n the_o two_o bride_n be_v exchange_v upon_o the_o river_n vedaso_n which_o part_v france_n and_o spain_n on_o the_o 9th_o of_o november_n the_o king_n himself_o be_v present_a at_o all_o these_o ceremony_n and_o together_o with_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n receive_v the_o princess_n his_o daughter-in-law_n at_o burgos_n thence_o about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n he_o return_v to_o madrid_n the_o king_n of_o france_n receive_v his_o bride_n at_o bourdeaux_n where_o he_o be_v with_o the_o queen_n his_o mother_n anno_fw-la 1616._o a_o ship_n that_o sail_v from_o holland_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n the_o last_o year_n after_o a_o long_a and_o south-sea_n difficult_a voyage_n in_o january_n this_o year_n beyond_o the_o straits_n of_o magellan_n in_o 57_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n discover_v another_o passage_n into_o the_o south-sea_n and_o to_o india_n this_o ship_n have_v go_v round_o the_o globe_n return_v to_o holland_n 2_o year_n and_o 18_o day_n after_o it_o set_v out_o from_o thence_o they_o lose_v one_o day_n in_o their_o reckon_a and_o by_o that_o mean_v call_v that_o monday_n which_o be_v tuesday_n and_o so_o throughout_o the_o week_n anno_fw-la 1617._o upon_o saturday_n the_o 15_o of_o april_n in_o the_o philippine_n island_n a_o notable_a victory_n be_v obtain_v hollander_n over_o the_o hollander_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr ronquillo_n who_o command_v there_o defeat_v 10_o galleon_n of_o there_o be_v some_o of_o which_o be_v sink_v other_o burn_v and_o the_o rest_n flee_v these_o rebel_n have_v do_v great_a harm_n in_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n along_o the_o south-sea_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o many_o place_n in_o india_n anno_fw-la 1618._o in_o october_n the_o duke_n of_o lerma_n depart_v the_o court_n leave_v the_o government_n of_o the_o government_n kingdom_n which_o he_o have_v chief_o manage_v for_o several_a year_n have_v a_o cardinal_n cap_n send_v he_o from_o rome_n before_o he_o quit_v not_o long_o after_o d._n roderick_n calderon_n his_o great_a favourite_n be_v apprehend_v who_o after_o he_o have_v lie_v two_o year_n and_o a_o half_a in_o prison_n be_v condemn_v to_o death_n and_o his_o good_n confiscate_v d._n bernardin_n de_fw-fr rojas_n y_fw-fr sandoval_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n die_v sudden_o at_o madrid_n the_o seven_o day_n of_o december_n he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o chapel_n of_o our_o lady_n which_o he_o build_v and_o rich_o adorn_v the_o king_n labour_v to_o bestow_v that_o bishopric_n upon_o his_o son_n prince_n ferdinand_n then_o but_o 9_o year_n of_o age._n anno_fw-la 1619._o mathias_n the_o emperor_n have_v late_o resign_v the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n to_o his_o cousin_n the_o archduke_n ferdinand_n the_o bohemian_n rebel_v and_o war_n ensue_v the_o emperor_n die_v at_o prague_n in_o march_n without_o issue_n and_o the_o elector_n assemble_v the_o 23th_o of_o august_n choose_v the_o same_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n emperor_n in_o april_n the_o catholic_n king_n set_v out_o from_o madrid_n for_o portugal_n and_o make_v his_o entry_n into_o lisbon_n on_o the_o 29_o of_o june_n on_o the_o 14_o of_o july_n the_o three_o estate_n take_v their_o oath_n to_o portugal_n the_o prince_n as_o heir_n and_o next_o day_n the_o cortes_n be_v open_v the_o pope_n in_o october_n beatify_v f._n francis_n xaverius_n one_o of_o the_o first_o companion_n of_o s._n ignatius_n and_o apostle_n of_o india_n pope_n gregory_n the_o xv._n canonize_v they_o both_o in_o the_o year_n 1622._o anno_fw-la 1620._o prince_n ferdinand_n be_v before_o make_v cardinal_n in_o may_n have_v possession_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o toledo_n give_v he_o the_o bohemian_n proceed_v in_o their_o rebellion_n choose_v the_o elector_n toledo_n palatin_n for_o
to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n retreat_n on_o that_o side_n and_o as_o many_o more_o in_o the_o way_n to_o elvas_n he_o lay_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o troop_n betwixt_o both_o place_n ready_a to_o relieve_v either_o 300_o man_n be_v in_o the_o watch-tower_n well_o provide_v with_o all_o thing_n for_o their_o defence_n our_o troop_n beset_v it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o 3_o regiment_n of_o foot_n and_o 17_o squadron_n of_o horse_n with_o 5_o piece_n of_o cannon_n come_v out_o of_o elvas_n to_o relieve_v those_o in_o the_o tower_n the_o duke_n have_v draw_v up_o his_o horse_n in_o the_o plain_a with_o his_o 200_o foot_n assault_v the_o tower_n outwork_n and_o carry_v they_o and_o then_o begin_v to_o undermine_v the_o tower_n mean_v while_o the_o enemy_n troop_n post_v themselves_o among_o certain_a old_a wall_n and_o olive-garden_n play_v their_o cannon_n thence_o and_o the_o duke_n perceive_v they_o can_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o battle_n file_v his_o troop_n off_o from_o the_o rear_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o a_o post_n a_o musquet-shot_a from_o they_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o tower_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v blow_v up_o surrender_v upon_o discretion_n the_o tower_n and_o another_o strong_a house_n be_v blow_v up_o which_o do_v the_o enemy_n retire_v and_o the_o duke_n return_v with_o honour_n to_o badojoz_n the_o duke_n of_o s._n german_n be_v well_o assure_v that_o the_o portuguese_n intend_v to_o besiege_v badajoz_n portuguese_n have_v press_v for_o succour_n to_o enable_v he_o to_o oppose_v they_o but_o all_o in_o vain_a he_o have_v in_o the_o town_n 2000_o horse_n and_o about_o 300_o foot_n and_o scarce_o provision_n for_o 6_o day_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o enemy_n approach_v with_o a_o army_n of_o 16000_o foot_n and_o 3500_o horse_n the_o town_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n open_a have_v no_o defence_n but_o a_o old_a wall_n scarce_o a_o yard_n thick_a and_o that_o in_o many_o place_n ruinous_a without_o ditch_n palisade_n or_o any_o other_o outwork_n all_o its_o strength_n consist_v in_o a_o fort_n call_v s._n christopher_n on_o the_o side_n next_o to_o portugal_n but_o that_o not_o fit_a to_o make_v any_o considerable_a defence_n badajoz_n stand_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n guadiana_n by_o which_o it_o be_v divide_v from_o portugal_n and_o over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o strong_a stone_n bridge_n the_o channel_n be_v broad_a and_o muddy_a but_o not_o deep_a so_o that_o at_o that_o time_n be_v the_o 13_o of_o june_n when_o the_o enemy_n appear_v it_o be_v fordable_a in_o several_a place_n john_n mendez_n de_fw-fr vasconcelos_n who_o have_v serve_v well_o in_o flanders_n be_v general_n of_o the_o portuguese_n their_o ready_a way_n to_o gain_v the_o town_n without_o expense_n have_v be_v to_o find_v out_o the_o ford_n which_o be_v but_o weak_o guard_v without_o stay_v to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o fort_n s._n christopher_n the_o duke_n of_o s._n german_n well_o know_v that_o the_o only_a way_n to_o preserve_v the_o city_n be_v to_o divert_v the_o enemy_n but_o busy_v he_o on_o the_o otherside_n in_o take_v the_o fort_n so_o to_o gain_v time_n d._n ventura_n de_fw-fr tarragona_n general_n of_o the_o artillery_n and_o governor_n of_o fort_n s._n christopher_n be_v a_o engineer_n throw_v up_o certain_a redoubt_n in_o the_o valley_n at_o 30_o pace_n distance_n from_o the_o cover_a way_n which_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o enemy_n course_n who_o have_v they_o at_o first_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o valley_n they_o may_v in_o two_o day_n have_v lodge_v themselves_o on_o the_o cover_a way_n fort_n s._n christopher_n be_v opposite_a to_o the_o castle_n of_o badajoz_n and_o command_v it_o and_o the_o city_n but_o on_o the_o side_n next_o to_o portugal_n be_v not_o so_o high_a it_o be_v fortification_n at_o that_o time_n consist_v in_o two_o bulwark_n and_o a_o half_a bastion_n very_o narrow_a in_o the_o neck_n all_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o fort_n be_v so_o small_a that_o the_o garrison_n may_v easy_o have_v be_v dislodge_v with_o only_a bomb_n the_o ditch_n be_v narrow_a and_o but_o a_o yard_n deep_a and_o the_o palisades_n be_v all_o go_v to_o decay_v this_o be_v a_o poor_a defence_n against_o so_o considerable_a a_o army_n the_o duke_n have_v before_o send_v for_o two_o regiment_n out_o of_o andaluzia_n one_o of_o spaniard_n and_o another_o of_o irish_a who_o understand_v the_o danger_n the_o place_n be_v in_o march_v 26_o league_n in_o two_o day_n without_o leave_v a_o man_n behind_o and_o on_o the_o 22d_o of_o june_n they_o enter_v badajoz_n the_o spanish_a regiment_n command_v by_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr lançarote_n consist_v of_o 550_o soldier_n beside_o 150_o reformades_n the_o irish_a whereof_o sir_n walter_n dungan_n be_v colonel_n contain_v 450_o men._n this_o succour_n much_o encourage_v the_o duke_n but_o because_o the_o man_n be_v extreme_o harass_v with_o that_o precipitate_a march_n he_o cause_v they_o immediate_o to_o go_v to_o rest_n resolve_v the_o marquis_n shall_v the_o next_o day_n go_v into_o the_o fort._n at_o midnight_n the_o alarm_n beat_v for_o the_o portuguese_n hear_v the_o two_o regiment_n be_v get_v into_o the_o city_n and_o have_v make_v a_o sufficient_a breach_n decree_v immediate_o to_o give_v the_o assault_n john_n mendez_n their_o general_n choose_v 6000_o man_n for_o the_o attack_z there_o be_v a_o line_n of_o communication_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bridge_n to_o the_o fort_n this_o be_v first_o assault_v and_o force_v all_o the_o defendant_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n the_o same_o happen_v at_o the_o redoubt_n and_o cover_a way_n and_o the_o enemy_n lodge_v themselves_o upon_o the_o breach_n after_o much_o debate_n among_o our_o chief_a officer_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o marquis_n lançarote_v who_o name_n be_v d._n peter_n paniagua_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o send_v the_o marquis_n his_o major_n and_o two_o captain_n whereof_o one_o be_v his_o elder_a son_n with_o 70_o foot_n and_o two_o squadron_n of_o horse_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o fort._n these_o man_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o lose_v the_o action_n be_v so_o desperate_a yet_o though_o their_o horse_n forsake_v they_o the_o enemy_n cavalry_n be_v bend_v upon_o pursue_v of_o they_o the_o foot_n break_v through_o 300_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o get_v into_o the_o fort_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o only_o one_o reform_a captain_n d._n ventura_n de_fw-fr tarragona_n who_o command_v in_o the_o fort_n order_v the_o major_a that_o get_v in_o with_o his_o 70_o man_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n who_o be_v make_v their_o lodgment_n on_o the_o breach_n and_o in_o the_o redoubt_n the_o major_a consider_v it_o be_v a_o rashness_n for_o 70_o man_n to_o assault_v 2000_o who_o be_v fortify_v represent_v it_o so_o to_o the_o governor_n who_o still_o insist_v upon_o his_o order_n the_o major_a obey_v first_o he_o drive_v the_o enemy_n from_o a_o line_n whence_o they_o do_v much_o harm_n to_o the_o fort_n and_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o redoubt_n the_o major_n be_v kill_v and_o of_o the_o 70_o only_a 16_o remain_v whereof_o one_o be_v the_o marquess_n son_n who_o never_o look_v back_o though_o strike_v through_o the_o arm_n with_o a_o spear_n till_o d._n ventura_n send_v he_o a_o positive_a command_n to_o retire_v he_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v good_a the_o line_n take_v at_o first_o because_o it_o command_v the_o redoubt_n and_o be_v supply_v with_o 70_o fire-arm_n he_o make_v great_a havoc_n in_o the_o redoubt_n where_o the_o man_n stand_v thick_a never_o a_o shot_n be_v lose_v d._n ventura_n acquaint_v the_o duke_n with_o all_o that_o have_v happen_v affirm_v the_o fort_n be_v not_o to_o be_v maintain_v unless_o the_o enemy_n can_v be_v bearen_v from_o the_o breach_n and_o he_o must_v be_v force_v to_o abandon_v it_o by_o break_v of_o day_n because_o the_o breach_n command_v all_o the_o parade_n which_o the_o enemy_n have_v not_o discover_v in_o the_o night_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v light_n have_v all_o the_o garrison_n at_o their_o mercy_n a_o council_n be_v again_o call_v to_o consider_v whether_o the_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v relieve_v and_o the_o marquis_n d._n peter_n paniagua_n again_o prevail_v for_o it_o undertake_v the_o action_n himself_o with_o 300_o man_n repose_v more_o confidence_n in_o their_o valour_n than_o number_n before_o break_v of_o day_n he_o be_v at_o the_o forth_o of_o the_o bridge_n and_o attack_v the_o enemy_n trench_n with_o such_o resolution_n that_o he_o himself_o be_v the_o first_o that_o enter_v they_o this_o no_o way_n dismay_v the_o portuguese_n who_o though_o they_o have_v lose_v their_o trench_n confide_v in_o their_o number_n be_v then_o ten_o to_o one_o of_o out_v make_v such_o a_o furious_a fight_n in_o the_o redoubt_n that_o the_o victory_n
to_o king_n ferdinand_n 463_o rout_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o africa_n 539_o s._n saguntum_n build_v by_o the_o greek_n 8_o besiege_a 20_o destroy_v 21_o s._n dominick_n preach_v to_o the_o albigenses_n 193_o s._n elizabeth_n queen_n of_o portugal_n 300_o s._n francis_n of_o assis_n 200_o s._n german_a take_v 501_o s._n gregory_n book_n send_v for_o to_o rome_n 89_o s._n james_n apostle_n of_o spain_n his_o martyrdom_n his_o body_n bring_v into_o spain_n 52_o his_o church_n make_v a_o archipiscopal_a see_n 115_o miracle_n at_o his_o tomb._n 129_o s._n isidorus_n his_o body_n translate_v from_o sevil_n to_o leon._n 140_o salamanea_n make_v a_o university_n f._n 208_o p._n 2_o sancha_n wife_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o first_o of_o leon_n her_o death_n 143_o sancho_n the_o first_o of_o castille_n be_v restore_v after_o have_v be_v expel_v 124_o be_v poisón_v 126_o sancho_n ii_o of_o castille_n 143_o war_n upon_o his_o brother_n 144_o expet_n his_o brother_n garcia_n besieges_n zamora_n treacherousiy_a murder_v there_o 145_o a_o combat_n about_o his_o death_n 146_o sancho_n iii_o of_o castille_n 175_o his_o death_n 176_o sancho_n iu._n his_o father_n live_v aspire_v to_o usarp_a the_o crown_n of_o castille_n from_o his_o nephew_n 218_o his_o practice_n to_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n rebel_n against_o his_o father_n 221_o usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n 225_o dies_fw-la 235_o sancho_n i._n king_n of_o navarre_n call_v abarca_n and_o why_o 121_o sancho_n ii_o inherit_v the_o crown_n of_o navarre_n 125_o sancho_n iii_o king_n of_o navarre_n 131_o inherit_v castille_n 135_o divide_v the_o dominion_n of_o spain_n among_o his_o son_n settle_v matter_n of_o religion_n 136_o be_v murder_v 137_o sancho_n iu_o king_n of_o navarre_n 140_o sancho_n v._n king_n of_o navarre_n 147_o break_v into_o castille_n dies_fw-la 185_o sancho_n vi_o king_n of_o navarre_n dies_z 206_o sancho_n king_n of_o arragon_n his_o action_n against_o the_o moor_n 155_o be_v kill_v 156_o sancho_n son_n to_o alonso_n the_o first_o king_n of_o portugal_n send_v to_o besiege_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n defeat_v 182_o succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n and_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o name_n 184_o his_o death_n 188_o sancho_n ii_o king_n of_o portugal_n expel_v the_o kingdom_n by_o his_o rebellious_a subject_n f._n 209_o p._n 2_o die_v at_o toledo_n 210_o 213_o sancho_n earl_n of_o castille_n 131_o make_v his_o mother_n drink_v poison_n she_o have_v prepare_v for_o he_o 133_o his_o issue_n 134_o sancho_n prince_n of_o castille_n kill_v by_o the_o moor_n 158_o sapph_n the_o carthaginian_a 14_o sarazen_n their_o great_a power_n sardima_n conquer_a by_o the_o arragonian_n 252_o reduce_v 431_o saxon_n first_o mention_v in_o roman_a history_n 63_o scanderbag_n come_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n 402_o schism_n in_o the_o church_n 163_o 295_o 297_o 316_o ends._n 350_o schismatic_a cardinal_n submit_v scipio_n cneius_n pass_v into_o spain_n 21_o overthrow_v the_o carthaginian_n 26_o scipio_n pub._n corn._n send_v to_o assist_v his_o brother_n 22_o scipio_n defeat_v asdrubal_n 23_o stain_n 26_o scipio_n pub._n corn._n proconsul_n of_o spain_n take_v carthagena_n 27_o gain_v the_o african_n 29_o scipio_n nasica_n 31_o scipio_n corn._n 34_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o numantia_n 36_o triumph_n over_o numantia_n and_o be_v call_v numantinus_n 40_o sea_n fight_n the_o arragonian_n defeat_v by_o the_o genoeses_n 361_o sedition_n in_o the_o dominion_n of_o castille_n 269_o seed_n of_o discord_n in_o castille_n 230_o siege_n of_o saulse_n raise_v 503_o sempronius_n gracchus_n 32_o sempronius_n longus_n 32_o sergius_n galba_n 34_o sertorius_n his_o action_n 41_o find_v a_o university_n at_o osca_n 42_o his_o last_o exploit_n and_o death_n 43_o servilius_n cepio_n 32_o servilius_n break_v the_o peace_n and_o rout_n viriatus_n 37_o several_a province_n submit_v to_o the_o roman_n 31_o governor_n of_o spain_n 31_o synod_n 85_o town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n 104_o governor_n in_o spain_n 104_o town_n rebuilt_a 114_o town_n conquer_a town_n in_o navarre_n take_v by_o the_o castillian_n 182_o town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n 166_o 208_o exploit_n against_o the_o moor_n place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n 250_o 255_o 452_o governor_n choose_v in_o the_o province_n of_o castille_n 250_o place_n in_o castille_n rebel_n 454_o pretender_n to_o castille_n 288_o town_n take_v by_o the_o christian_n 330_o loss_n of_o the_o french_a 493_o 495_o city_n in_o italy_n sue_v for_o the_o protection_n of_o spain_n 506_o severus_n reign_v 17_o year_n 57_o sevil_n describe_v f._n 210_o 2_o besiege_a siege_n reinforce_v bridge_n break_v deliver_v 211_o sicily_n reduce_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o arragon_n 311_o siculus_n son_n to_o atlas_n inherit_v the_o crown_n 7_o signal_n loyalty_n of_o peter_n peralta_n 418_o silingi_n who_o they_o be_v 67_o they_o come_v into_o spain_n 68_o silon_n and_o adosinda_n king_n and_o queen_n 108_o simon_n earl_n of_o montforte_n general_n of_o the_o catholic_n 198_o be_v kill_v 199_o sintra_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n 170_o siracusa_n in_o vain_a besiege_v by_o the_o arragonian_n 239_o sisebutus_n elect_v king_n 86_o subdue_v the_o asturian_o overthrow_v the_o roman_n dies_fw-la 87_o sisenandus_n usurp_v the_o crown_n have_v expel_v suinthila_n and_o his_o son_n 88_o sixteen_o put_v to_o death_n for_o treason_n 286_o sixtus_n iu_o choose_a pope_n dies_fw-la 415_o slaughter_n of_o moor_n and_o christian_n 313_o of_o the_o christian_n 443_o 360_o of_o arragonian_n 219_o small_a body_n of_o christian_n deseat_v a_o great_a one_o of_o moor_n 360_o sultan_n fleet_n worsted_n in_o india_n some_o rebel_n submit_v but_o fresh_a trouble_n ensue_v in_o castille_n 411_o spain_n its_o description_n 1_o it_o be_v form_n and_o situation_n 2_o its_o river_n and_o mountain_n 3_o it_o be_v ancient_a and_o modern_a division_n 3_o it_o be_v language_n 5_o divide_v betwixt_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n 46_o entire_o subdue_v by_o augustus_n 50_o how_o divide_v and_o govern_v 54_o true_a religion_n flourish_v there_o 84_o spaniard_n revolt_v from_o the_o roman_n who_o kill_v 15000_o of_o they_o they_o revolt_v again_o 30_o honour_a to_o incline_v they_o to_o serve_v the_o roman_n 25_o decline_v in_o calabria_n 470_o defeat_v 482_o their_o practice_n 489_o spurius_n lucretius_n 32_o storm_n 17_o strange_a custom_n 49_o way_n of_o adoption_n 129_o prodigy_n 159_o fondness_n betwixt_o king_n john_n and_o d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr luna_n 348_o stranger_n come_v to_o serve_v against_o thr_fw-mi moor_n 154_o strife_n among_o the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n 308_o success_n of_o the_o arragonian_n 164_o of_o the_o castilian_n 164_o 203_o of_o the_o arragonian_n against_o the_o moor_n 166_o of_o the_o arragonian_n at_o naples_n 369_o of_o the_o portuguese_n in_o in_o india_n 533_o 543_o succession_n of_o the_o moorish_a monarch_n 108_o of_o the_o moor_n 148_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n 148_o in_o sicily_n f._n 213_o p._n 2_o succour_n from_o england_n and_o other_o part_n 264_o succour_n from_o spain_n land_n in_o naples_n 497_o suevian_o who_o they_o be_v 67_o they_o come_v into_o spain_n 68_o be_v convert_v cause_o of_o their_o conversion_n 77_o reduce_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o goth_n their_o kingdom_n abolish_v 81_o suinthila_n choose_v king_n 87_o cause_n of_o his_o ruin_n be_v expel_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n and_o the_o franc_n 88_o swister_n descend_v into_o italy_n 549_o rout_n the_o french_a 555_o synod_n vid._n council_n syphax_n rout_v by_o massinissa_n 25_o t._n tacitus_n reign_v 6_o month_n and_o 20_o day_n 98_o tahuste_n and_o other_o place_n take_v 163_o tamerlan_n the_o tartar_n his_o exploit_n 321_o tangier_n and_o arzilla_n take_v by_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n 415_o tarifa_n besiege_v by_o the_o moor_n 234_o 237_o &_o 261_o terentius_n varro_n 32_o teresa_n countess_n dowager_n of_o portugal_n govern_v 165_o territory_n of_o the_o infidel_n ravage_v 139_o &_o 260_o theobald_n the_o first_o king_n of_o navarre_n engage_v in_o the_o holy_a war._n 208_o dies_fw-la 212_o theobald_n the_o second_o king_n of_o navarre_n 212_o marry_v fol._n 213_o p._n 2_o dies_fw-la 216_o theodoredus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o goth_n 71_o theodorick_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n invade_v spain_n 72_o theodorick_n by_o the_o french_a call_v thierri_n 77_o theodosius_n declare_v emperor_n in_o the_o east_n 64_o excommunicate_v for_o his_o cruelty_n at_o thessalonica_n die_v at_o milan_n reign_v 16_o year_n and_o 2_o day_n 66_o theudis_fw-la king_n by_o election_n his_o death_n 76_o theudiselus_n elect_v king_n be_v murder_v 76_o three_o synod_n 75_o remarkable_a thing_n 17_o legate_n send_v to_o govern_v spain_n 45_o city_n and_o other_o small_a town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n 454_o defeat_v of_o the_o infidel_n at_o sea_n 357_o great_a man_n die_v 437_o tiberius_n reign_v
castille_n die_v 1158._o infidel_n twice_o defeat_v faction_n of_o the_o two_o great_a house_n of_o castro_n and_o lara_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n enter_v castille_n alonso_z the_o young_a k._n of_o castille_n secure_v by_o some_o noble_n raymund_n prince_n of_o arragon_n successful_a against_o the_o french_a and_o moor_n 1162._o his_o death_n alonso_z succeed_v raymund_n his_o father_n in_o the_o dominion_n of_o arragon_n 1163._o 1166._o alonso_z receive_v as_o king_n of_o castille_n 1168._o toledo_n declare_v for_o he_o he_o be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o rebel_n siege_n of_o the_o castle_n zurita_n just_a reward_n of_o of_o treachery_n earthquake_n and_o flood_n cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n build_v 1170._o k_o alonso_n assemble_v the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n meet_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n conclude_v a_o league_n with_o he_o marry_v ellenor_n daughter_n of_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o england_n arragonian_n success_n against_o the_o moor_n league_n against_o peter_n ruiz_n de_fw-fr azagra_n two_o archbishop_n murder_v 1171._o 1172._o war_n betwixt_o arragon_n and_o navarre_n 1173._o 1174._o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n of_o santiago_n or_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n 1175._o 1176._o alonso_z of_o castille_n invade_v leon._n the_o conquest_n of_o cuenca_n resolve_v upon_o it_o be_v description_n the_o siege_n the_o town_n take_v 1177._o increase_v of_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n 1178._o 1179._o several_a town_n of_o navarre_n take_v by_o the_o castillian_n the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n rebel_n sancho_n son_n to_o alonso_n king_n of_o portugal_n send_v to_o besiege_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n defeat_v alonso_z king_n of_o 1180._o victoria_fw-la city_n build_v synod_n at_o tarragona_n 1181._o alonso_z of_o portugal_n besiege_v by_o the_o moor_n and_o deliver_v by_o the_o king_n of_o leon._n 1181._o a_o legate_n make_v peace_n among_o christian_n 1183._o alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n vanquisheth_z the_o moor_n 1184._o armengaud_n earl_n of_o vrgel_n slain_n king_n of_o navarre_n break_v into_o castille_n 1185._o alonso_z the_o first_o king_n of_o portugal_n die_v 1186._o 1187._o jerusalem_n lose_v 1188._o sancho_n the_o first_o succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n alonso_n 9th_o to_o that_o of_o leon._n 1189._o a_o league_n against_o castille_n 1188._o 1190._o 1191._o 1192._o castille_n commence_v war_n with_o the_o moor_n 1194._o sancho_n the_o wise_a king_n of_o navarre_n die_v a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o infidel_n come_v into_o spain_n king_n alonso_z overthrow_v by_o the_o infidel_n 1195._o 1196._o king_n alonso_z of_o arragon_n die_v his_o son_n peter_n ii_o succeed_v he_o famine_n &_o plague_n 1197._o 1198._o a_o truce_n with_o the_o moor_n 1199._o plague_n &_o famine_n in_o portugal_n 1200._o king_n of_o leon_n divorce_v navarre_n overrun_v by_o they_o alonso_n k._n of_o castile_n two_o daughter_n marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o leon._n 1201._o marriage_n 1206._o a_o great_a eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n &_o flood_n 1208._o four_o king_n of_o spain_n meet_v and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n 1209._o several_a exploit_n against_o the_o moor_n 1210._o prince_n ferdinand_n of_o castile_n death_n a_o vast_a army_n of_o foreigner_n come_v into_o spain_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o christian_n 1212._o sancho_n k._n of_o portugal_n die_v his_o son_n alonso_z ii_o succeed_v he_o a_o mighty_a army_n of_o christian_n in_o castille_n the_o christian_a army_n advance_v against_o the_o infidel_n a_o great_a victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o christian_n 200000_o infidel_n say_v to_o be_v kill_v in_o this_o battle_n arm_n of_o navarre_n further_a action_n of_o the_o christian_a army_n this_o call_v the_o battle_n of_o navas_n de_fw-fr tolosa_n and_o why_o 1213._o cause_o of_o the_o war_n betwixt_o france_n &_o arragon_n heresy_n of_o the_o albigenses_n its_o original_a description_n of_o the_o city_n albis_n disorder_n raise_v by_o the_o heretic_n in_o the_o city_n of_o leon._n friar_n preacher_n &_o other_o oppose_v the_o heretic_n a_o deacon_n zealous_a in_o this_o affair_n great_a faith_n heretic_n expel_v favourer_n of_o the_o albigenses_n s._n dominick_n preach_v against_o the_o heretic_n proceed_n of_o the_o catholic_n against_o the_o albigenses_n simon_n earl_n of_o montfort_n general_n of_o the_o catholic_n 1213._o a_o wonderful_a defeat_n of_o heretic_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n slay_v jayme_n or_o james_n succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n a_o great_a famine_n and_o plague_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n chancellor_n of_o castille_n war_n with_o the_o moor_n original_a of_o the_o knight_n of_o alcantara_n alonso_z ii_o king_n of_o portugal_n at_o war_n with_o his_o sister_n alonso_z the_o viii_o k._n of_o castille_n die_v 1214._o also_o ellenor_n his_o queen_n &_o other_o trouble_n in_o castille_n and_o arragon_n upon_o the_o accession_n of_o two_o child_n henry_n and_o jayme_n or_o james_n to_o those_o crown_n two_o uncle_n strive_v to_o usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n jayme_n the_o young_a k._n come_v into_o spain_n sancho_n k._n of_o navarre_n decrepit_a 1215._o henry_n i._o king_n of_o castille_n 11_o year_n of_o age_n the_o house_n of_o lara_n conspire_v against_o the_o young_a k._n of_o castille_n lateran_n general_n council_n honour_n do_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n simon_n of_o montfort_n kill_v the_o family_n of_o lara_n seize_v the_o government_n of_o castille_n into_o their_o hand_n oath_n the_o archbishop_n oblige_v they_o to_o take_v alvero_n the_o elder_a brother_n ex-communicated_n he_o seize_v upon_o the_o queen_n land_n and_o banish_v she_o young_a k._n henry_n marry_v be_v part_v from_o his_o wife_n on_o account_n of_o consanguinity_n 1216._o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n escape_v from_o his_o keeper_n 1217._o trouble_n of_o castille_n they_o break_v out_o into_o open_a war._n 1217._o henry_n i._n the_o young_a king_n of_o castile_n death_n 60000_o moor_n kill_v blanch_n and_o berengaria_n sister_n to_o k._n henry_n of_o castille_n berengaria_n heiress_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n resign_v she_o right_o to_o her_o son_n ferdinand_n ferdinand_n king_n of_o castille_n the_o king_n of_o leon_n make_v war_n upon_o his_o son_n the_o k._n of_o castille_n d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr lara_n take_v by_o the_o king_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n d._n alvero_n d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr lara_n their_o death_n 1218._o the_o order_n of_o s._n dominick_n and_o la_fw-fr marced_a for_o redemption_n of_o captive_n institute_v s._n francis_n of_o assis_n 1219._o civil_a broil_n in_o arragon_n 1220._o ferdinand_n of_o castille_n marry_v beatrix_n daughter_n to_o the_o emperor_n philip._n his_o issue_n jaime_n k._n of_o arragon_n marry_v ellenor_n of_o castille_n 1221._o earthquake_n flood_n and_o storm_n commotion_n in_o castille_n two_o several_a rebellon_n quell_v 1222._o cathedral_n of_o burgos_n build_v by_o a_o englishman_n other_o structure_n affair_n of_o arragon_n 1223._o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o portugal_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n a_o prosperous_a expedition_n 1224._o a_o conspiracy_n against_o jaime_n k._n of_o arragon_n the_o king_n seize_v 1225._o success_n of_o the_o castilian_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n escape_v and_o invade_v valencia_n kill_v the_o rebel_n peter_n ahones_n 1226._o town_n take_v by_o the_o castilian_n defeat_v of_o the_o moor_n 1227._o d._n lucas_n bishop_n of_o tuy_n a_o famous_a writer_n war_n renew_v with_o the_o moor_n by_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n raymund_n eael_n of_o toulouze_n a_o hetick_a reduce_v pacification_n in_o arragon_n 1229._o the_o conquest_n majorca_n resolve_v upon_o by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n insolency_n of_o a_o moor._n pope_n legate_n in_o arragon_n majorca_n describe_v king_n jayme_n land_n on_o it_o the_o arragonian_n rout_n the_o majorcans_n majorca_n take_v by_o storm_n 1230._o alonso_z king_n of_o leon_n overthrow_v the_o moor_n and_o take_v merida_n and_o badajoz_n the_o death_n of_o alonso_n i._o king_n of_o leon._n union_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o leon._n rebellion_n in_o navarre_n interview_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o navarre_n roderick_n the_o archbishop_n invade_v the_o moor_n john_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n come_v into_o spain_n 1232._o the_o island_n minorca_n and_o yuisa_n conquer_v 1234._o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n die_v theobald_n i._o king_n of_o navarre_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n meet_v castilian_n and_o arragonian_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n division_n among_o the_o moor_n many_o place_n take_v by_o the_o christian_n part_v of_o the_o city_n cordova_n take_v by_o a_o handful_n of_o men._n 1235._o king_n ferdinand_n haste_v to_o secure_v the_o conquest_n of_o cordova_n description_n of_o cordova_n the_o siege_n 1236._o city_n surrender_v a_o moorish_a king_n baptize_v siege_n of_o valencia_n resolve_v 1237._o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n in_o danger_n description_n of_o valencia_n valencia_n besiege_v the_o king_n wound_v at_o the_o siege_n 1238._o valencia_n deliver_v up_o to_o the_o christian_n theobald_n king_n
of_o navarre_n engage_v in_o the_o holy-war_n peace_n for_o some_o time_n ferdinand_n king_n of_o castille_n marry_v 1239._o two_o eclipse_n bravery_n of_o a_o woman_n several_a town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n salamanca_n make_v a_o university_n 1240._o 20000_o moor_n overthrow_v the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n deliver_v up_o by_o the_o moor_n king_n of_o arragon_n league_n with_o 3_o prince_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n 1241._o a_o defeat_n of_o the_o christian_n the_o christian_n successful_a 1242._o 1243._o jaen_fw-la city_n describe_v besiege_a surrender_v 1243._o discord_n in_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n king_n sancho_n of_o portugal_n expel_v the_o kingdom_n by_o his_o rebellious_a subject_n general_n council_n at_o lion_n king_n sancho_n of_o portugal_n die_v at_o toledo_n martin_n de_fw-fr freitas_n be_v the_o name_n of_o this_o loyal_a governor_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n prepare_v to_o besiege_v sevil._n 1245._o 1246._o carmona_n besiege_a and_o other_o town_n take_v the_o moor_n vanquish_v in_o a_o sea_n fight_n the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n under_o a_o interdict_v description_n of_o sevil._n this_o measure_n i_o believe_v be_v mistake_v as_o to_o height_n sevil_n besiege_v 1247._o carmona_n surrender_v to_o the_o christian_n 1248._o accommodation_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o leon._n besieger_n reinforce_v bridge_n of_o sevil_n break_v sevil_n and_o its_o dependency_n deliver_v up_o king_n luis_n of_o france_n send_v present_n to_o the_o church_n of_o toledo_n &_o undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n 1249._o 1250._o discord_n among_o the_o arragonian_n his_o good_a ordinance_n alonso_z the_o 10_o succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n 1253._o theobald_n king_n of_o navarre_n dies_fw-la theobald_n the_o second_o king_n of_o navarre_n moor_n banish_a valencia_n 1254._o queen_n violante_n prove_v with_o child_n and_o prevent_v be_v divorce_v from_o the_o king_n 1255._o k._n alonso_n choose_v emperor_n by_o part_n of_o the_o elector_n and_o richard_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o the_o other_o 1256._o contest_v about_o the_o imperial_a crown_n k._n alonso_n quality_n town_n in_o andaluzia_n take_v difference_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n compose_v 1256._o sancho_n k._n of_o portugal_n die_v at_o toledo_n in_o exile_n 1258._o king_n of_o france_n and_o arragon_n meet_v and_o be_v reconcile_v death_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o queen_n of_o arragon_n theobald_n king_n of_o navarre_n marry_v unjust_a proceed_v of_o alonso_n k._n of_o portugal_n portugal_n under_o a_o interdict_v embassy_n to_o the_o k._n of_o castille_n from_o the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n 1260._o 1261._o succession_n of_o sicily_n king_n of_o arragon_n marry_v his_o son_n to_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sicily_n 1262._o the_o family_n of_o the_o merines_n obtain_v the_o empire_n of_o africa_n moorish_a king_n in_o spain_n revolt_n moor_n begin_v the_o war._n cuidad_fw-es real_a build_v 1263._o town_n recover_v by_o the_o christian_n 1264._o trouble_n in_o arragon_n 1265._o the_o king_n of_o castue_n and_o arragon_n invade_v the_o moor_n 1266._o murcia_n take_v by_o the_o arragonian_n charles_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n crown_v king_n of_o sicily_n christian_n nobles_n persuade_v the_o infidel_n to_o revolt_n empress_n of_o constantinople_n in_o spain_n 1268._o war_n in_o italy_n a_o new_a debate_n in_o arragon_n jayme_n king_n of_o arragon_n at_o toledo_n preach_v among_o the_o tartar_n embassy_n from_o tartary_n 1269._o jayme_n king_n of_o arragon_n imbark_v for_o the_o holy-land_n english_a &_o french_a in_o the_o holy-land_n expedition_n 1270._o theobald_n king_n of_o navarre_n die_v portugal_n make_v independent_a of_o castille_n nobility_n of_o castille_n conspire_v against_o their_o king_n progress_n of_o the_o rebellion_n in_o castille_n 1272._o disorder_n in_o arragon_n henry_n king_n of_o navarre_n alonso_z k._n of_o castille_n aspire_v to_o the_o empire_n 1273._o rodulphus_fw-la of_o ausburg_n choose_a emperor_n 1274._o henry_n k._n of_o navarre_n dies_fw-la joanna_n his_o daughter_n queen_n noble_n of_o castille_n reconcile_v to_o king_n alonso_n article_n betwixt_o arragon_n &_o navarre_n progress_n of_o king_n alonso_n of_o castille_n 1275._o king_n alonso_z of_o castille_n meet_v the_o pope_n in_o france_n king_n alonso_z returns_z home_o the_o emperor_n of_o morocco_n call_v into_o spain_n a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o infidel_n land_n in_o spain_n overthrow_n of_o the_o christian_n 1275._o a_o second_o defeat_n prince_n ferainand_n of_o castille_n die_v affair_n of_o navarre_n death_n of_o 4_o pope_n pr._n sancho_n aspire_v to_o usurp_v the_o crown_n from_o his_o nephew_n slaughter_n of_o the_o arragonian_n jayme_n i.k._n of_o arragon_n die_v his_o issue_n peter_n crown_v king_n of_o arragon_n trouble_n of_o navar._n navarre_n bring_v under_o by_o the_o french_a violante_n queen_n of_o castille_n with_o her_o grandchild_n sly_n to_o arragon_n 1277_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o castille_n imprison_v commotion_n in_o catalonia_n alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n his_o death_n denis_n succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n 1280_o prince_n sancho_n his_o practice_n to_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n 1281_o league_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n rebellion_n of_o prince_n sancho_n against_o his_o father_n 1282_o king_n denis_n of_o portugal_n marry_v s._n elizabeth_n the_o cortes_n summon_v by_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n follow_v the_o latter_a king_n of_o morocco_n come_v to_o assist_v king_n alonso_n king_n alonso_z disinherit_v and_o curse_v his_o son_n sancho_n conspiracy_n against_o the_o french_a in_o sicily_n pope_n martin_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n at_o variance_n massacre_n of_o the_o french_a call_v the_o sicilian_a vesper_n mecina_n besiege_v by_o the_o french_a a_o challenge_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o arragon_n 1283_o the_o cortes_n meet_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n rebellion_n in_o castille_n interdict_v in_o castille_n and_o arragon_n at_o one_o time_n the_o enmity_n betwixt_o k._n alonso_n of_o castille_n and_o his_o son_n sancho_n increase_v 1284._o king_n alonso_z of_o castille_n die_v sancho_n usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n the_o arragonian_n gain_n two_o victory_n at_o sea_n albarazin_n take_v by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n seek_v aid_n against_o the_o french_a 1285._o charles_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v the_o french_a army_n enter_v catalonia_n girona_n besiege_a by_o the_o french_a xere_n besiege_v by_o the_o moor_n and_o the_o siege_n raise_v peace_n with_o the_o moor_n girona_n take_v be_v the_o french_a aragonian_a destroy_n the_o french_a fleet_n philip_n the_o fair_a king_n of_o france_n death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n birth_n of_o ferdinand_n prince_n of_o castille_n 1286_o alonso_z the_o iii_o king_n of_o arragon_n crown_v d._n lope_n and_o haro_n favourite_n to_o king_n sancho_n of_o castille_n arragonian_n successful_a in_o italy_n the_o rightful_a prince_n of_o castille_n prisoner_n charles_n prince_n of_o salerno_n make_v king_n of_o apulia_n and_o sicily_n article_n betwixt_o france_n and_o castille_n king_n denis_n of_o portugal_n his_o issue_n seed_n of_o discord_n in_o castille_n d._n lope_n de_fw-fr haro_n kill_v at_o court_n the_o rightful_a prince_n of_o castille_n release_v war_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n mutiny_n at_o badajoz_n 1290_o interview_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o castille_n d._n john_n nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr lara_n revolt_v from_o castille_n d._n john_n reconcile_v to_o king_n sancho_n again_o ready_a to_o fly_v from_o he_o 1291._o peace_n betwixt_o france_n and_o aragod_n death_n of_o alonso_n the_o 3d_o king_n of_o arragon_n jayme_n crown_v king_n of_o arragon_n a_o league_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n 1292._o moor_n vanquish_v at_o sea_n endeavour_n of_o accommodation_n betwixt_o france_n and_o arragon_n 1293._o alcala_n de_fw-fr henares_n make_v a_o university_n tarifa_n besiege_v by_o the_o moor_n 1295._o king_n sancho_n of_o castille_n die_v ferdinand_n the_o ivth_o king_n pope_n celestine_n the_o v._o abdicate_v france_n and_o arragon_n make_v peace_n rebellion_n in_o castille_n pr._n henry_n govern_v castille_n 1296_o confederation_n against_o castille_n pr._n john_n proclaim_v king_n of_o leon_n and_o galicia_n murcia_n take_v by_o the_o arragonian_n tarifa_n again_o besiege_v k._n of_o portugal_n invade_v castille_n 1297_o the_o cortes_n of_o castille_n raise_v money_n k._n jayme_n of_o arragon_n proclaim_v k._n of_o sardinia_n and_o corsica_n 1298._o castille_n and_o portugal_n reconcile_v war_n in_o sicily_n siracusa_n in_o vain_a besieg_n by_o the_o arragonian_n ferderick_n k._n of_o sicily_n beat_v at_o sea_n 1299_o 1300_o jubilee_n first_o institute_v city_n bilbao_n build_v 1301_o pr._n john_n reconcile_v to_o the_o k._n raymundus_n lullus_n garcia_n lopez_n the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n depose_v marriage_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n 1302._o a_o synod_n at_o toledo_n peace_n betwixt_o sicily_n and_o naples_n more_o trouble_n in_o castille_n 1303._o pope_n boniface_n die_v benedict_n
geryon_n be_v bury_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n and_o after_o worship_v as_o a_o god_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o temple_n of_o osiris_n build_v in_o sicily_n by_o hercules_n and_o his_o famous_a oracle_n at_o milan_n which_o prince_n often_o visit_v as_o suetonius_n affirm_v osiris_n have_v thus_o rescue_v spain_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o geryon_n think_v not_o fit_a to_o punish_v the_o crime_n of_o the_o father_n in_o the_o child_n which_o be_v three_o beautiful_a son_n to_o these_o therefore_o he_o give_v the_o kingdom_n appoint_v who_o shall_v govern_v during_o their_o minority_n and_o then_o return_v into_o egypt_n these_o geryon_n be_v come_v to_o age_n do_v not_o only_o tyrannize_v over_o their_o subject_n but_o meditate_v revenge_n for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n induce_v typhon_n to_o murder_v his_o brother_n osiris_n which_o he_o perform_v and_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n of_o egypt_n orus_n the_o son_n of_o osiris_n who_o then_o govern_v scythia_n understand_v what_o have_v pass_v haste_v into_o egypt_n and_o in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n murder_n slay_v typhon_n then_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n he_o pass_v into_o spain_n and_o drive_v the_o geryon_n into_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o fear_v lest_o so_o great_a a_o army_n shall_v suffer_v want_n if_o the_o war_n be_v protract_v and_o desire_v to_o avoid_v the_o great_a bloodshed_n that_o must_v ensue_v if_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n he_o offer_v to_o decide_v the_o quarrel_n by_o his_o own_o person_n and_o sight_n the_o three_o brother_n they_o accept_v of_o the_o challenge_n and_o be_v all_o slay_v by_o he_o their_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o island_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_o it_o be_v call_v erithrea_n of_o some_o people_n that_o come_v geryon_n with_o orus_n or_o hercules_n from_o the_o red_a sea_n who_o with_o the_o approbation_n of_o their_o general_n plant_v there_o this_o do_v hercules_n cause_v vast_a 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bury_v and_o place_v priest_n therein_o hispalus_n and_o hercules_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o latter_a before_o his_o death_n appoint_v hesperus_n brother_n to_o atlas_n and_o one_o of_o his_o compavion_n to_o succeed_v he_o the_o fame_n of_o this_o hesperus's_n hesperus_n valour_n and_o virtue_n gain_v he_o such_o credit_n among_o the_o people_n that_o of_o he_o some_o greek_a and_o latin_a author_n say_v spain_n be_v afterward_o call_v hesperia_n though_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n it_o be_v from_o hesperus_n the_o evening_n star_n the_o good_a fortune_n of_o this_o king_n be_v not_o lasting_a for_o his_o brother_n atlas_n offend_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o come_v over_o into_o spain_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n soon_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n reign_v hesperus_n thus_o forsake_v flee_v into_o italy_n where_o he_o be_v friendly_o entertain_v and_o soon_o after_o constitute_v tutor_n to_o the_o young_a king_n coritus_n call_v by_o other_o janus_n or_o jupiter_n wherein_o he_o behave_v himself_o so_o well_o that_o have_v gain_v the_o affection_n of_o that_o people_n he_o give_v his_o name_n to_o italy_n as_o he_o have_v do_v to_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v call_v hesperia_n atlas_n jealous_a of_o his_o brother_n greatness_n and_o fear_v he_o may_v in_o time_n recover_v his_o kingdom_n resolve_v to_o prevent_v he_o in_o order_n hereunto_o he_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o under_o colour_n of_o honour_v they_o take_v the_o chief_a man_n of_o spain_n along_o with_o he_o into_o italy_n but_o his_o design_n be_v to_o keep_v they_o as_o hostage_n lest_o the_o people_n in_o his_o absence_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o cast_v off_o a_o foreign_a yoke_n at_o sea_n a_o violent_a storm_n scatter_v his_o fleet_n and_o instead_o of_o land_v in_o italy_n he_o be_v force_v into_o sicily_n that_o island_n be_v exceed_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a he_o leave_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o spaniard_n to_o 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people_n of_o italy_n call_v morgetes_n for_o which_o there_o be_v no_o other_o authority_n but_o frame_v likeness_n of_o word_n philistius_n siracusanus_n authority_n be_v sufficient_a to_o believe_v that_o siculus_n the_o son_n of_o atlas_n crown_n govern_v spain_n in_o his_o father_n absence_n and_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n after_o his_o death_n in_o his_o time_n the_o two_o brother_n jasius_n and_o dardanus_n be_v at_o variance_n about_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tuscany_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n coritus_n siculus_n their_o uncle_n go_v over_o with_o a_o army_n to_o pacify_v they_o and_o by_o the_o way_n land_v in_o sicily_n be_v say_v to_o have_v give_v his_o name_n to_o that_o island_n till_o then_o call_v trinacria_n of_o the_o three_o great_a promontory_n that_o run_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n thence_o pass_v over_o into_o tuscany_n he_o endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o brother_n but_o dardanus_n deal_v treacherous_o murder_v jasius_n and_o 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be_v assign_v the_o build_n of_o valencia_n the_o three_o be_v palatuus_fw-la from_o he_o they_o write_v the_o palatui_n and_o the_o city_n palencia_n take_v their_o name_n such_o another_o be_v erithrus_n feign_v to_o have_v come_v from_o beyond_o the_o red_a sea_n last_o among_o these_o be_v melicola_n call_v also_o gargoris_n of_o who_o justin_n make_v mention_v i_o will_v not_o whole_o omit_v the_o name_n of_o these_o king_n such_o as_o they_o be_v because_o learned_a man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o ignorant_a have_v stumble_v upon_o they_o though_o they_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o no_o better_a than_o old_a woman_n tale_n i_o suppose_v justin_n call_v siculus_n sicorus_n which_o i_o note_v that_o none_o may_v be_v deceive_v and_o imagine_v they_o be_v two_o distinct_a king_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o come_n of_o several_a nation_n into_o spain_n as_o the_o celts_n rhodian_n carthaginian_n and_o phoenicians_n also_o of_o abide_v and_o a_o wonderful_a dearth_n it_o be_v impossible_a 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bacchi_fw-la the_o first_o son_n of_o deucalion_n or_o noah_n the_o same_o above_z called_z ostris_fw-la the_o second_o son_n of_o proserpina_n or_o ceres_n who_o be_v paint_v with_o horn_n to_o show_v he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o yoke_v ox_n to_o plough_v the_o land_n the_o three_o the_o son_n of_o semele_n bornin_n adultery_n in_o the_o city_n meros_n which_o signify_v a_o thigh_n whence_o the_o poet_n feign_v that_o jupiter_n bread_n he_o in_o his_o thigh_n of_o he_o it_o be_v say_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o first_o dionysius_n he_o travel_v the_o world_n gain_v many_o victory_n and_o deliver_v spain_n from_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n about_o this_o same_o time_n milico_n the_o son_n of_o mirica_fw-la be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v great_a power_n and_o authority_n among_o the_o spaniard_n and_o that_o his_o successor_n not_o far_o from_o the_o place_n where_o baeça_n now_o stand_v build_v castulon_n among_o the_o oretani_n former_o one_o of_o the_o noble_a city_n in_o spain_n 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several_a encounter_n with_o the_o native_n thence_o they_o sail_v about_o to_o saguntum_n and_o be_v well_o receive_v as_o be_v all_o greek_n from_o saguntum_n they_o go_v over_o to_o majorca_n and_o take_v bocorris_n the_o king_n of_o that_o island_n but_o understand_v there_o be_v no_o gold_n there_o have_v take_v in_o provision_n and_o some_o large_a ox_n they_o pass_v into_o italy_n where_o hercules_n slay_v cacus_n and_o then_o return_v into_o greece_n hecateus_n deny_v that_o ever_o this_o hercules_n come_v into_o spain_n but_o diodorus_n and_o all_o other_o author_n testify_v the_o contrary_n to_o he_o it_o be_v that_o virgil_n attribute_n the_o kill_v of_o the_o geryon_n but_o this_o be_v a_o poetical_a licence_n and_o great_a mistake_n of_o time_n after_o the_o come_n of_o hercules_n and_o death_n of_o milico_n gargoris_n reign_v in_o spain_n and_o be_v call_v mellicola_n be_v the_o first_o that_o find_v out_o the_o take_n of_o honey_n in_o this_o king_n time_n happen_v the_o famous_a trojan_a war_n which_o end_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o trojan_n spread_v themselves_o and_o plant_v in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n in_o spain_n the_o first_o reckon_v among_o those_o that_o come_v be_v teucrus_n the_o brother_n of_o ajax_n who_o not_o be_v permit_v by_o his_o father_n telamonius_n to_o spain_n return_v home_o alone_o go_v first_o to_o cyprus_n where_o he_o build_v the_o city_n salamina_n now_o famagosta_n and_o thence_o pass_v into_o spain_n and_o be_v there_o say_v to_o have_v erect_v another_o city_n call_v teucria_n in_o the_o place_n where_o carthagena_n now_o stand_v justin_n and_o st._n isidorus_n both_o mention_n his_o come_n to_o spain_n but_o not_o his_o building_n any_o city_n but_o all_o agree_v that_o he_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o straits_n and_o sail_v along_o the_o coast_n land_v in_o galicia_n where_o he_o found_v the_o city_n helen_n now_o pontevedra_n and_o add_v that_o he_o erect_v another_o call_v amphilochia_n by_o the_o roman_n call_v aquae_n calidae_n by_o the_o suevi_n auria_n now_o orense_n next_o tydeus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v attempt_v several_a part_n of_o the_o spanish_a coast_n but_o that_o meeting_n opposition_n he_o sail_v on_o to_o the_o northern_a coast_n of_o portugal_n where_o betwixt_o the_o river_n minho_n and_o lima_n he_o found_v the_o city_n tuy_n in_o latin_a tude_n or_o tyde_n strabo_n write_v that_o mnesteus_n the_o athenian_a with_o a_o fleet_n come_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n belon_n now_o guadalete_fw-la where_o he_o build_v a_o city_n of_o his_o own_o name_n and_o be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v now_o port_n st._n marry_o and_o beside_o a_o temple_n between_o the_o two_o branch_n of_o guadalquivir_n which_o be_v call_v oraculum_fw-la mnesteum_n to_o conclude_v strabo_n and_o solinus_n affirm_v that_o ulysses_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o build_v the_o city_n of_o lisbon_n from_o he_o in_o latin_a call_v vlysippo_n but_o other_o reject_v this_o opinion_n in_o regard_n the_o ancient_a name_n be_v olysippo_n not_o vlysippo_n and_o because_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n to_o believe_v that_o ever_o ulysses_n be_v there_o about_o this_o time_n according_a to_o justin_n gargoris_n reign_v over_o the_o curetes_n and_o reside_v in_o the_o mellicola_n forest_n of_o the_o tarresii_n where_o ancient_n feign_a the_o titan_n wage_v war_n with_o the_o go_n this_o king_n stain_v all_o the_o virtue_n with_o which_o he_o be_v endow_v with_o the_o cruelty_n he_o use_v towards_o his_o grandson_n abide_v this_o child_n be_v bear_v of_o his_o daughter_n out_o of_o wedlock_n the_o grandfather_n to_o hide_v this_o shame_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v expose_v to_o wild_a beast_n who_o forget_v their_o education_n fierceness_n nurse_v he_o with_o their_o milk_n gargoris_n no_o way_n mollify_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v lay_v in_o a_o path_n where_o cattle_n be_v to_o pass_v to_o be_v
the_o synod_n break_v up_o have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o city_n the_o king_n go_v away_o to_o leon_n leave_v queen_n constance_n and_o the_o archbishop_n there_o with_o a_o good_a garrison_n there_o be_v but_o a_o small_a number_n of_o christian_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o moor_n yet_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v well_o secure_v however_o the_o rashness_n of_o the_o new_a prelate_n put_v the_o city_n in_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v our_o lady_n church_n which_o as_o curious_a person_n have_v observe_v be_v now_o a_o monastery_n of_o carmelites_n be_v then_o the_o cathedral_n the_o great_a church_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n it_o seem_v not_o decent_a that_o in_o a_o city_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n they_o shall_v possess_v the_o best_a church_n this_o might_n in_o time_n have_v be_v regulate_v but_o the_o archbishop_n haste_n have_v like_a to_o have_v ruin_v all_o he_o agree_v with_o the_o queen_n to_o take_v it_o forcible_o from_o they_o by_o night_n article_n and_o according_o break_v open_v the_o door_n cast_v out_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o mahometan_n erect_a altar_n and_o hang_v a_o bell_n in_o the_o steeple_n call_v together_o the_o christian_n to_o assist_v at_o divine_a service_n this_o alarm_v the_o infidel_n so_o that_o they_o can_v scarce_o refrain_v from_o revenge_v themselves_o and_o only_o forbear_v in_o hope_n the_o king_n will_v do_v they_o justice_n when_o the_o news_n of_o what_o have_v be_v do_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n he_o be_v great_o enrage_v and_o post_v away_o to_o toledo_n with_o full_a resolution_n to_o punish_v this_o breach_n of_o article_n with_o the_o utmost_a severity_n all_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n of_o toledo_n know_v his_o design_n go_v out_o in_o mourn_v to_o meet_v he_o and_o the_o clergy_n in_o procession_n and_o be_v come_v to_o his_o presence_n prostrate_v on_o the_o ground_n beg_v pardon_n their_o entreaty_n be_v of_o no_o force_n for_o he_o persist_v inflexible_a god_n 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they_o the_o pall._n this_o process_n of_o time_n be_v extend_v to_o bishop_n upon_o these_o two_o motive_n the_o archbishop_n resolve_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n but_o before_o his_o departure_n with_o the_o king_n approbation_n he_o gather_v a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n and_o consecrate_a the_o cathedral_n of_o toledo_n under_o the_o invocation_n of_o st._n mary_n st._n peter_n st._n paul_n st._n stephen_n and_o the_o holy-cross_n vrban_n ii_o be_v pope_n in_o the_o year_n 1088._o bernard_n the_o archbishop_n be_v at_o rome_n obtain_v all_o he_o desire_v to_o wit_n the_o recall_v of_o the_o legate_n and_o the_o confirm_v of_o himself_o primate_n of_o all_o spain_n 1088._o and_o that_o part_n of_o france_n call_v gallia_n gothica_n by_o this_o authority_n be_v return_v from_o rome_n he_o call_v a_o synod_n of_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n to_o toulouze_n where_o he_o prevail_v to_o be_v receive_v as_o their_o spain_n metropolitan_a before_o the_o return_n of_o the_o archbishop_n to_o toledo_n the_o legate_n have_v attempt_v to_o abrogate_v the_o gotbick_a missal_n and_o breviary_n and_o introduce_v the_o roman_a this_o have_v be_v often_o endeavour_v but_o the_o people_n tenacious_a of_o old_a custom_n still_o oppose_v it_o now_o the_o queen_n the_o primate_n and_o the_o legate_n use_v such_o mean_n that_o at_o length_n they_o prevail_v yet_o so_o that_o in_o the_o ancient_a church_n the_o ancient_a form_n shall_v still_o be_v continue_v which_o be_v observe_v to_o this_o day_n introduce_v and_o that_o service_n be_v still_o use_v on_o certain_a festival_n in_o those_o church_n beside_o in_o the_o cathedral_n there_o be_v a_o chapel_n to_o which_o belong_v a_o number_n of_o chaplain_n call_v mocarabe_n or_o more_o proper_o mixtiar_n abes_fw-la who_o still_o use_v that_o massal_n and_o breviary_n this_o name_n of_o mixtiarabe_n corrupt_o moçarabe_n be_v give_v to_o the_o christian_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o moor_n live_v under_o their_o government_n and_o mix_v 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consecration_n now_o the_o goth_n who_o at_o first_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n have_v subdue_v all_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n in_o spain_n and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n hence_o this_o city_n be_v the_o court_n of_o those_o king_n begin_v to_o assume_v a_o superiority_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n this_o authority_n take_v its_o first_o force_n in_o the_o seven_o council_n of_o toledo_n which_o ordain_v that_o all_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n shall_v in_o their_o turn_n be_v call_v by_o he_o their_o primate_n repair_v to_o that_o city_n and_o there_o attend_v on_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month._n the_o archbishop_n superiority_n be_v thus_o far_o establish_v be_v much_o advance_v in_o the_o twelve_o council_n of_o that_o city_n which_o decree_v that_o the_o election_n of_o