cracker_n but_o what_o divert_v we_o most_o of_o all_o be_v that_o out_o of_o those_o lantern_n there_o come_v a_o piece_n of_o linen_n which_o be_v fold_v together_o and_o tie_v up_o in_o knot_n have_v in_o each_o of_o those_o knot_n several_a squib_n cracker_n and_o serpent_n which_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o get_v out_o make_v a_o admirable_a show_n by_o the_o wind_n which_o the_o fire_n make_v through_o all_o the_o fold_n of_o that_o piece_n of_o cloth_n other_o carried_z in_o their_o apron_n a_o certain_a composition_n into_o which_o some_o that_o pass_v by_o let_v fire_n fall_v as_o it_o be_v negligent_o whereupon_o he_o who_o carry_v it_o shake_v his_o apron_n there_o come_v out_o a_o great_a number_n of_o star_n which_o burn_v a_o long_a time_n upon_o the_o ground_n in_o these_o firework_n the_o persian_n make_v use_n of_o white_a naphte_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o petreolum_n but_o in_o regard_n this_o drugg_n be_v seldom_o find_v in_o europe_n there_o may_v be_v use_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n the_o spirit_n of_o turpentine_n rectify_v we_o see_v also_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o the_o air_n certain_a flame_n which_o vanish_v as_o soon_o in_o a_o manner_n as_o they_o appear_v i_o conceive_v these_o flame_n proceed_v from_o a_o certain_a drugg_n which_o the_o muscovite_n call_v '_o plaun_n which_o be_v a_o yellow_a powder_n make_v of_o a_o certain_a herb_n common_o find_v upon_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o forest_n that_o be_v plant_v with_o pine_n and_o birch_n and_o be_v proper_o call_v in_o latin_a acanthus_n in_o french_a branch_n ursine_n in_o english_a bearsfoot_n or_o bears-britch_n every_o stalk_n of_o this_o herb_n have_v on_o it_o two_o button_n which_o be_v ripe_a in_o august_n and_o then_o the_o muscovite_n be_v very_o careful_a to_o gather_v they_o dry_v they_o in_o a_o oven_n beat_v they_o and_o keep_v the_o powder_n which_o come_v from_o they_o in_o ox-bladder_n to_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o pound_n it_o be_v use_v also_o in_o medicine_n 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effusion_n of_o the_o innocent_a blood_n of_o hossein_fw-fr out_o of_o a_o persuasion_n that_o by_o this_o action_n they_o expiate_v some_o part_n of_o their_o sin_n which_o persuasion_n be_v the_o strong_a in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v prepossess_v with_o a_o opinion_n that_o those_o who_o die_v during_o this_o festival_n be_v infallible_o save_v they_o speak_v also_o with_o the_o same_o assurance_n of_o their_o salvation_n who_o die_v during_o the_o festival_n of_o aly_n and_o in_o their_o lent_n as_o concern_v the_o city_n of_o ardebil_n describe_v which_o the_o turk_n call_v ardevil_n and_o may_v be_v find_v in_o map_n under_o the_o name_n of_o ardonil_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o province_n of_o adirbeitzan_n by_o the_o ancients_n call_v media_n major_a the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v ardebil_n tabris_n or_o tauris_n merrague_n natschan_n miane_n urumi_fw-la choi_n salmas_n etc_n etc_n ardebil_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o most_o celebrious_a city_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n not_o only_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o residence_n which_o several_a king_n of_o persia_n make_v there_o but_o also_o particular_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o schich_n sefi_n author_n of_o their_o sect_n live_v and_o die_v there_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o may_v be_v conjecture_v from_o the_o history_n of_o quintus_n curtius_n that_o it_o be_v the_o city_n which_o he_o call_v arbela_n in_o this_o city_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o tomb_n and_o monument_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n and_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o so_o great_a traffic_n that_o it_o may_v be_v just_o number_v among_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o the_o east_n the_o turkish_a language_n be_v much_o more_o common_a among_o the_o inhabitant_n than_o the_o persian_a i_o find_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n there_o to_o be_v at_o thirty_o eight_o degree_n five_o minute_n and_o the_o longitude_n to_o be_v 82._o degree_n 30._o minute_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o great_a plain_n which_o be_v above_o three_o league_n about_o and_o compass_v of_o all_o side_n by_o a_o high_a mountain_n like_o a_o amphitheatre_n the_o high_a part_n whereof_o call_v sabelhan_n which_o lie_v westward_o from_o the_o city_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o snow_n towards_o the_o south-south-west_n lie_v that_o mountain_n of_o the_o province_n of_o kiban_n which_o be_v call_v bakru_n it_o be_v from_o these_o mountain_n it_o proceed_v that_o the_o air_n there_o be_v sometime_o extreme_o hot_a sometime_o extreme_o cold_a insomuch_o that_o even_o in_o august_n they_o begin_v to_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o autumn_n as_o also_o to_o be_v trouble_v with_o those_o epidemical_a disease_n which_o reign_n there_o every_o year_n and_o common_o carry_v away_o a_o great_a number_n of_o person_n nor_o be_v our_o quarter_n free_a from_o they_o for_o beside_o the_o great_a number_n of_o servant_n who_o fall_v sick_a the_o ambassador_n brugman_n and_o our_o physician_n lie_v in_o of_o a_o fever_n but_o especial_o the_o latter_a who_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o lowness_n that_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o life_n in_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o day_n and_o exact_o at_o noon_n there_o rise_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o whirlwind_n which_o fill_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o dust_n but_o it_o last_v not_o above_o a_o hour_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v calm_a which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o persian_a proverb_n saba_n ardebil_n nimrus_n kardebil_n that_o be_v in_o the_o morning_n ardebil_n at_o noon_n full_a of_o dust_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o the_o cold_a quality_n of_o the_o climate_n elsewhere_o but_o its_o situation_n that_o hinder_v the_o earth_n there_o to_o produce_v wine_n melon_n citron_n orange_n and_o pomegranate_n which_o be_v
be_v do_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o schach-abas_n think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o banish_v thence_o all_o the_o public_a woman_n dinner_n be_v end_v the_o music_n and_o the_o dancer_n withdraw_v and_o the_o ambassador_n with_o the_o chancellor_n make_v some_o progress_n in_o their_o negotiation_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o be_v carry_v a_o walk_n into_o the_o garden_n where_o they_o treat_v we_o with_o fruit_n and_o conserve_n as_o to_o this_o eahtemad_a dowlet_n fortune_n his_o name_n be_v tag_n and_o he_o be_v about_o sixty_o year_n of_o age_n have_v one_o eye_n black_a the_o other_o blow_v a_o full_a face_n but_o yellowish_a or_o incline_v to_o a_o olive_n and_o very_o high_a colour_v whence_o it_o come_v that_o he_o be_v ordinary_o call_v saru_n tag_n he_o wear_v no_o beard_n as_o be_v a_o eunuch_n and_o upon_o that_o occasion_n we_o shall_v here_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o he_o and_o his_o fortune_n which_o we_o think_v may_v deserve_v insertion_n in_o this_o place_n though_o there_o be_v various_a relation_n thereof_o some_o affirm_v that_o saru_n tag_n be_v yet_o very_o young_a and_o his_o employment_n be_v to_o copy_n out_o write_n in_o the_o city_n of_o keintze_n he_o fall_v in_o love_n with_o a_o young_a boy_n and_o not_o prevail_v with_o he_o to_o consent_v to_o his_o brutality_n he_o force_v he_o the_o boy_n be_v father_n make_v his_o complaint_n to_o schach-abas_n than_o king_n of_o persia_n who_o command_v that_o saru_n tag_n shall_v have_v his_o syk_fw-mi so_o they_o call_v the_o privy_a part_n with_o all_o its_o dependence_n cut_v off_o other_o relate_v that_o schach-ahas_a condemn_v he_o to_o die_v and_o that_o tag_v come_v to_o hear_v of_o it_o cut_v off_o himself_z those_o part_n with_o a_o razor_n send_v they_o to_o the_o king_n with_o this_o request_n that_o have_v himself_o punish_v the_o member_n which_o have_v offend_v his_o majesty_n will_v be_v please_v to_o let_v his_o head_n alone_o which_o have_v do_v no_o more_o harm_n and_o might_n one_o time_n or_o other_o be_v serviceable_a to_o he_o and_o that_o the_o king_n astonish_v at_o the_o strange_a resolution_n of_o the_o man_n conceive_v a_o affection_n for_o he_o and_o find_v he_o a_o understand_a person_n make_v he_o secretary_n in_o his_o court_n of_o chancery_n schach-sesi_a have_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n kill_v taleb-chan_n this_o man_n predecessor_n send_v tagge_fw-mi the_o golden_a ink-horn_n which_o be_v the_o badge_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o chancellor_n the_o 21._o follow_v chancellor_n the_o chancellor_n invite_v the_o ambassador_n to_o a_o second_o entertainment_n by_o express_a order_n from_o the_o king_n that_o they_o may_v make_v some_o further_a progress_n in_o their_o affair_n they_o have_v a_o very_a long_a conference_n together_o after_o which_o we_o be_v treat_v at_o dinner_n but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o magnificence_n as_o the_o time_n before_o the_o 29._o the_o two_o brother_n seferas_n and_o elias-beg_a come_v to_o visit_v the_o ambassador_n who_o will_v needs_o have_v they_o stay_v dinner_n elias-beg_a endeavour_v all_o he_o can_v to_o be_v merry_a himself_o and_o to_o make_v other_o so_o but_o we_o easy_o find_v it_o be_v do_v with_o some_o violence_n and_o that_o his_o heart_n answer_v not_o his_o outward_a demeanour_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o we_o understand_v from_o his_o elder_a brother_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o great_a kindness_n for_o they_o and_o do_v they_o very_o great_a favour_n but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o jest_n with_o he_o and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o very_a sad_a assurance_n of_o it_o in_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v much_o respect_v at_o the_o courr_n for_o the_o freedom_n of_o his_o humour_n and_o his_o divertive_a conversation_n the_o king_n tell_v he_o one_o day_n that_o he_o want_v not_o any_o thing_n save_v that_o he_o be_v not_o of_o the_o mussulman_n religion_n and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v he_o a_o great_a pleasure_n than_o to_o suffer_v circumcision_n whereto_o elias-beg_a reply_v smile_v that_o that_o may_v happen_v one_o time_n or_o other_o entreat_v his_o majesty_n not_o to_o speak_v any_o further_a of_o serious_a affair_n but_o to_o prosecute_v his_o divertisement_n there_o be_v no_o more_o say_v to_o he_o of_o it_o for_o a_o good_a while_n but_o upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o clock-maker_n constancy_n the_o king_n send_v he_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v remember_v the_o promise_n he_o have_v make_v to_o be_v circumcise_a he_o will_v have_v excuse_v himself_o pretend_v what_o he_o have_v speak_v be_v in_o jest_n but_o those_o who_o the_o king_n have_v send_v to_o he_o will_v not_o be_v shuffle_v off_o with_o that_o answer_n take_v he_o and_o circumcise_a he_o by_o force_n elias-beg_a confirm_v what_o his_o elder_a brother_n have_v tell_v we_o but_o with_o this_o protestation_n that_o he_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o christian_a in_o his_o soul_n and_o that_o he_o will_v die_v in_o the_o profession_n he_o have_v ever_o make_v of_o that_o religion_n december_n the_o second_o decem_fw-la abasculi_fw-la beg_v our_o mehemandar_n come_v and_o bring_v we_o the_o present_n from_o the_o king_n ambassador_n to_o wit_n to_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n a_o horse_n with_o the_o saddle_n cover_v all_o over_o with_o plate_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o bridle_n have_v great_a buckle_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n two_o garment_n according_a to_o the_o persian_a wear_n together_o with_o the_o mendil_n and_o mianbends_n that_o be_v the_o turban_n and_o girdle_n of_o gold_n brocado_n according_a to_o the_o mode_n of_o the_o country_n moreover_o to_o be_v divide_v between_o they_o both_o two_o hundred_o and_o five_o piece_n of_o fifteen_o sort_n of_o silk_n stuff_n satin_n damask_n darai_n taffeta_n cotton_n etc_n etc_n and_o two_o hundred_o tumain_n in_o money_n which_o amont_n to_o just_a three_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o piastre_n or_o a_o thousand_o french_a pistol_n towards_o the_o expense_n of_o their_o travel_n in_o their_o return_n the_o five_o principal_a person_n of_o the_o retinue_n have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o satin_n vestment_n and_o another_o of_o taffeta_n with_o flower_n of_o gold_n and_o silk_n the_o other_o gentleman_n have_v each_o of_o they_o one_o of_o taby_n with_o flower_n of_o gold_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o retinue_n have_v not_o any_o thing_n send_v they_o the_o ambassador_n brugman_n seize_v the_o money_n bestow_v some_o of_o it_o among_o those_o of_o our_o company_n who_o stand_v in_o need_n thereof_o to_o buy_v thing_n necessary_a for_o their_o journey_n and_o distribute_v the_o rest_n among_o some_o of_o his_o armenian_a friend_n the_o next_o day_n court_n decemb._n 3._o the_o king_n send_v to_o invite_v the_o ambassador_n to_o dine_v with_o he_o once_o more_o which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o last_o treatment_n we_o be_v to_o have_v at_o court_n the_o mahemandar_n tell_v they_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v upon_o their_o own_o clothes_n the_o best_a of_o those_o garment_n which_o the_o king_n have_v send_v they_o the_o ambassador_n at_o first_o make_v some_o difficulty_n to_o have_v that_o compliance_n but_o when_o they_o be_v tell_v it_o be_v a_o custom_n observe_v by_o all_o ambassador_n and_o that_o no_o doubt_v the_o king_n will_v take_v it_o very_o ill_a at_o their_o hand_n if_o they_o present_v themselves_o before_o he_o without_o the_o mark_n of_o his_o liberality_n they_o at_o last_o resolve_v to_o do_v it_o and_o after_o their_o example_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o retinue_n we_o dine_v in_o the_o hall_n of_o the_o divan_n chane_n and_o all_o thing_n be_v perform_v with_o the_o same_o ceremony_n as_o at_o the_o first_o time_n only_o this_o happen_v more_o than_o ordinary_a king_n that_o while_o the_o fruit_n be_v yet_o upon_o the_o table_n the_o chancellor_n order_v to_o pass_v before_o the_o king_n the_o present_a which_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o make_v every_o year_n once_o and_o sometime_o twice_o for_o reason_n whereof_o we_o shall_v give_v some_o account_n hereafter_o this_o present_v consist_v in_o twelve_o excellent_a horse_n very_o rich_o cover_v forty_o nine_o camel_n load_v with_o turkey_n tapestry_n and_o other_o fine_a stuff_n of_o wool_n fifteen_o mule_n a_o thousand_o tumain_n or_o fifty_o thousand_o liver_n in_o money_n forty_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n brocado_n and_o several_a other_o stuff_n and_o commodity_n whereof_o there_o be_v such_o abundance_n that_o it_o take_v up_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a ere_o all_o be_v pass_v by_o to_o be_v dispose_v into_o the_o treasury_n in_o as_o much_o as_o for_o every_o tumain_a there_o be_v a_o several_a person_n who_o carry_v it_o in_o his_o hand_n in_o a_o silken_a purse_n of_o several_a colour_n
year_n after_o solyman_n come_v in_o person_n into_o persia_n where_o he_o take_v tauris_n and_o besiege_v sulthania_n schach_n tamas_n who_o be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n at_o caswin_n have_v not_o so_o much_o courage_n as_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o as_o good_a fortune_n will_v have_v it_o it_o happen_v that_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o siege_n in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n some_o few_o day_n before_o their_o naurus_n there_o fall_v so_o great_a a_o rain_n accompany_v by_o such_o a_o violent_a tempest_n that_o the_o snow_n of_o the_o adjacent_a mountain_n dissolve_v and_o the_o water_n overflow_a all_o the_o valley_n soliman_n who_o be_v incommodate_v thereby_o and_o frown_v the_o water_n of_o a_o reddish_a colour_n contract_v haply_o from_o the_o ground_n through_o which_o it_o have_v pass_v be_v frighten_v thereat_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n in_o his_o retreat_n he_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o but_o be_v engage_v near_o bitlis_n where_o he_o be_v absolute_o defeat_v schach_n tamas_n die_v the_o 11._o of_o may_v 1576._o in_o the_o 68th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o the_o 42th_o of_o his_o reign_n leave_v a_o very_a ill_a repute_n of_o himself_o among_o the_o persian_n who_o speak_v of_o he_o with_o some_o prejudice_n as_o well_o in_o relation_n to_o his_o conduct_n as_o his_o courage_n they_o change_v he_o among_o other_o thing_n that_o he_o be_v very_o careless_a of_o do_v justice_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o have_v commit_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o minister_n as_o they_o be_v ordinary_o wont_a to_o do_v who_o can_v love_v a_o people_n that_o have_v no_o affection_n for_o they_o they_o blame_v he_o for_o protect_v hamajum_fw-la the_o son_n of_o selim_n king_n of_o the_o indies_n to_o who_o he_o give_v refuge_n and_o protection_n against_o the_o persecution_n of_o tzelaleden_n ekbet_n his_o uncle_n a_o young_a brother_n of_o selim_n who_o have_v usurp_v the_o crown_n and_o demand_v he_o of_o schach-tamas_a that_o he_o may_v be_v put_v to_o death_n but_o that_o be_v a_o generous_a and_o just_a action_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v produce_v among_o the_o example_n that_o be_v allege_v of_o his_o violence_n and_o injustice_n especial_o with_o any_o parallel_n to_o the_o ensue_a story_n lavassap_n prince_n of_o armenia_n have_v two_o son_n simon_n and_o david_n and_o leave_v the_o former_a as_o be_v the_o elder_a the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n david_n who_o have_v too_o much_o courage_n to_o be_v satify_v with_o a_o small_a territory_n find_v mean_n to_o raise_v a_o army_n such_o as_o may_v frighten_v his_o elder_a brother_n who_o be_v real_o afraid_a of_o a_o insurrection_n desire_v the_o assistance_n of_o schach_n tamas_n who_o send_v he_o four_o thousand_o horse_n order_v he_o who_o have_v the_o conduct_n of_o they_o if_o possible_a to_o take_v david_n alive_a and_o send_v he_o to_o he_o nay_o to_o crown_v he_o in_o case_n he_o shall_v 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to_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o he_o be_v acknowledge_v as_o such_o all_o over_o the_o palace_n but_o she_o have_v all_o the_o avenue_n so_o well_o guard_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o eider_n friend_n to_o carry_v any_o tiding_n of_o it_o to_o the_o city_n so_o that_o the_o young_a prince_n come_v to_o distrust_v his_o sister_n carriage_n and_o apprehend_v it_o may_v be_v their_o design_n to_o sacrifice_v he_o to_o his_o brother_n ambition_n conceal_v himself_o among_o the_o woman_n till_o such_o time_n as_o schamal_n a_o georgian_a his_o uncle_n by_o the_o mother-side_n find_v he_o out_o and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n ishmael_n 11._o come_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o 43._o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o reflect_v on_o his_o long_a imprisonment_n confirm_v by_o his_o procedure_n the_o ancient_a proverb_n which_o say_v that_o the_o reign_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o return_v from_o exile_n be_v ever_o cruel_a and_o bloody_a this_o man_n begin_v he_o with_o the_o execution_n of_o all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n of_o eider_n and_o all_o those_o who_o have_v advise_v his_o father_n to_o imprison_v he_o pursue_v those_o who_o he_o can_v not_o get_v apprehend_v even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o frontier_n of_o turkey_n and_o at_o his_o first_o entrance_n discover_v the_o inclination_n he_o have_v to_o the_o turkish_a religion_n which_o he_o open_o profess_v to_o find_v out_o how_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v affect_v towards_o he_o a_o report_n be_v spread_v abroad_o of_o his_o death_n but_o he_o rise_v up_o again_o too_o soon_o for_o those_o who_o have_v be_v so_o imprudent_a as_o to_o discover_v their_o aversion_n to_o his_o government_n for_o he_o bring_v to_o execution_n all_o such_o as_o he_o conceive_v any_o jealousy_n of_o and_o exercise_v so_o great_a cruelty_n that_o his_o
which_o carry_v we_o to_o the_o cap_n de_fw-fr demesne_n in_o courland_n where_o we_o cast_v anchor_n and_o stay_v all_o night_n the_o next_o day_n 13._o the_o wind_n west_n we_o weigh_v anchor_n double_v the_o cape_n enter_v into_o the_o bay_n dunemunde_fw-la and_o come_v the_o 14._o before_o the_o fort_n of_o dunemunde_n so_o call_v because_o situate_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n dune_n where_o that_o river_n enter_v the_o baltic_a sea_n within_o two_o league_n of_o riga_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o thick_a mist_n hinder_v those_o of_o the_o fort_n from_o see_v we_o we_o cause_v the_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v to_o oblige_v they_o to_o send_v we_o a_o pilot_n without_o who_o assistance_n we_o shall_v hardly_o have_v get_v into_o the_o haven_n those_o who_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o the_o custom_n come_v immediate_o to_o search_v our_o ship_n but_o find_v no_o merchant_n good_n in_o it_o for_o which_o they_o may_v challenge_v aught_o they_o return_v back_o and_o send_v 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city_n which_o be_v almost_o five_o week_n in_o expectation_n the_o fen_n of_o those_o part_n shall_v be_v freeze_v up_o and_o the_o snow_n cover_v the_o way_n which_o we_o be_v to_o travel_v in_o sledge_n we_o augment_v our_o retinue_n with_o some_o necessary_a person_n for_o that_o great_a journey_n and_o we_o have_v the_o leisure_n to_o learn_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o city_n whereof_o we_o shall_v here_o give_v a_o short_a description_n clytraeus_fw-la describe_v in_o his_o history_n of_o saxony_n p._n 19_o say_v that_o the_o city_n of_o riga_n be_v build_v by_o albert_n the_o three_o bp._n of_o livonia_n in_o the_o year_n 1196._o but_o alnoul_n abbot_n of_o lubeck_n a_o author_n of_o the_o same_o time_n as_o live_v under_o otho_n iv_o say_v in_o the_o continuation_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o helmold_n foundation_n 1._o 7._o c._n 9_o that_o it_o be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1189._o by_o bertold_v abbot_n of_o locken_n in_o the_o county_n of_o shavenbourg_n in_o the_o diocese_n of_o minden_n of_o the_o order_n of_o white-friar_n successor_n to_o menard_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o livonia_n archbishopric_n the_o seat_n whereof_o he_o settle_v at_o riga_n in_o the_o year_n 1215._o it_o be_v raise_v to_o a_o archbishopric_n and_o make_v metropolitan_a of_o all_o livonia_n prussia_n and_o curland_n the_o knight_n of_o the_o espadon_n and_o afterward_o the_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n in_o prussia_n have_v many_o time_n divide_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n in_o that_o place_n with_o the_o archbishop_n till_o that_o in_o consequence_n of_o the_o reformation_n of_o religion_n both_o lose_v the_o authority_n they_o have_v in_o this_o city_n it_o be_v force_v afterward_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n poland_n who_o it_o become_v by_o a_o voluntary_a rendition_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1561._o occasion_v by_o the_o war_n with_o the_o muscovite_n since_o that_o charles_n duke_n of_o sudermania_n have_v usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o sueden_n from_o sigismond_n his_o nephew_n who_o have_v be_v call_v to_o that_o of_o poland_n think_v it_o not_o enough_o to_o fortify_v himself_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o what_o he_o have_v usurp_v but_o conceive_v he_o may_v turn_v into_o a_o offensive_a war_n that_o which_o even_o in_o the_o defensive_a be_v criminal_a he_o enter_v livonia_n in_o the_o year_n 1605._o where_o he_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o riga_n he_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n as_o also_o to_o do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o year_n 1609._o but_o gustavus_n adolphus_n be_v so_o fortunate_a as_o to_o take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1621._o suede_n ever_o since_o that_o time_n the_o suede_n have_v be_v in_o possession_n of_o it_o though_o without_o any_o title_n thereto_o the_o treaty_n agree_v on_o between_o the_o two_o crown_n in_o the_o year_n 1635._o allow_v they_o the_o possession_n of_o it_o no_o long_o than_o till_o the_o peace_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v between_o the_o two_o king_n shall_v restore_v it_o to_o it_o be_v lawful_a prince_n or_o bestow_v it_o on_o he_o who_o be_v possess_v of_o it_o the_o suede_v discover_v how_o unwilling_a they_o will_v be_v to_o restore_v it_o by_o the_o care_n they_o take_v when_o we_o be_v upon_o our_o travel_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o fortification_n thereof_o they_o consist_v fortification_n on_o the_o land_n side_n of_o six_o regular_a bastion_n with_o their_o halfmoon_n and_o their_o counterscarp_n palisadoe_v it_o be_v situation_n be_v very_o pleasant_a in_o a_o spation_n valley_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o dune_n which_o in_o that_o place_n be_v a_o large_a quarter_n of_o a_o league_n broad_a it_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o very_o considerable_a because_o of_o its_o commerce_n as_o well_o with_o the_o english_a and_o hollander_n and_o the_o hansiatick_a town_n commerce_n in_o summer_n time_n while_o the_o baltic_a sea_n be_v navigable_a as_o with_o the_o muscovite_n when_o the_o frost_n and_o snow_n can_v bear_v sledge_n the_o traffic_n of_o it_o be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o have_v almost_o as_o many_o shop_n as_o house_n all_o provision_n be_v very_o cheap_a because_o there_o be_v such_o a_o abundance_n of_o all_o that_o a_o ox_n may_v be_v buy_v for_o three_o crown_n a_o hog_n for_o one_o and_o fowl_n and_o venison_n proportionable_o all_o the_o country_n peasant_n thereabouts_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o hunt_n though_o they_o have_v not_o any_o other_o since_o the_o last_o reduction_n of_o it_o they_o have_v no_o other_o religion_n there_o than_o the_o protestant_n the_o magistrate_n and_o inhabitant_n be_v all_o lutheran_n and_o so_o zealous_a in_o their_o way_n that_o they_o no_o less_o hate_v those_o of_o the_o reformation_n than_o they_o do_v the_o catholic_n and_o muscovite_n there_o be_v no_o inhabitant_n almost_o but_o understand_v the_o highdutch_a the_o sclavonian_a and_o curland_n language_n but_o the_o magistrate_n in_o his_o public_a act_n make_v use_v only_o of_o the_o highdutch_a the_o same_o be_v use_v by_o the_o minister_n in_o their_o sermon_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o for_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n who_o understand_v not_o the_o highdutch_a well_o there_o be_v sermon_n make_v in_o the_o sclavonian_a and_o curland_n language_n in_o two_o several_a church_n decem._n 14._o decem_fw-la we_o dispatch_v away_o 35_o sledge_n riga_n with_o part_n of_o our_o train_n and_o baggage_n and_o the_o next_o day_n the_o ambassador_n follow_v by_o the_o way_n of_o derpt_v the_o 18_o we_o come_v to_o wolmar_n a_o small_a town_n distant_a from_o riga_n 18_o league_n and_o so_o ruin_v by_o the_o muscovite_n and_o polander_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o avoid_v the_o injury_n of_o the_o weather_n have_v be_v force_v to_o make_v little_a building_n of_o wood_n upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o better_a foundation_n the_o governor_n come_v to_o meet_v we_o and_o entertain_v we_o kind_o castle_n the_o 20_o we_o get_v six_o league_n far_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o ermes_n belong_v to_o colonel_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr bar_n who_o treat_v we_o most_o magnificent_o the_o 21_o we_o get_v four_o league_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o halmet_n derpt_v where_o we_o see_v a_o young_a elk_n which_o be_v high_a than_o a_o horse_n bring_v to_o we_o while_o we_o sit_v at_o table_n the_o 22_o we_o get_v four_o league_n further_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o ringen_n and_o the_o 23_o we_o reach_v derpt_v or_o torpat_v this_o city_n be_v within_o 6_o league_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o ringuen_n upon_o the_o river_n eimbec_n between_o the_o lake_n of_o worzero_n and_o peipis_fw-la in_o the_o heart_n of_o livonia_n its_o building_n be_v very_o ancient_a but_o extreme_o ruin_v by_o the_o war._n the_o muscovite_n who_o call_v it_o juriogor_v be_v possess_v of_o it_o till_o the_o year_n 1230._o in_o which_o the_o master_n of_o the_o
the_o crown_n of_o sueden_n and_o his_o highness_n concern_v the_o commerce_n of_o persia_n they_o may_v have_v a_o private_a audience_n together_o which_o be_v according_o grant_v after_o this_o the_o great_a duke_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v ask_v whether_o they_o be_v in_o health_n and_o whether_o they_o want_v any_o thing_n give_v they_o notice_n that_o that_o day_n he_o will_v do_v they_o the_o favour_n to_o treat_v they_o with_o meat_n from_o his_o own_o table_n this_o be_v the_o first_o public_a audience_n the_o ambassador_n have_v they_o be_v bring_v back_o to_o the_o antichamber_n by_o the_o same_o bojare_n who_o have_v receive_v they_o at_o their_o entrance_n we_o mount_v at_o the_o same_o place_n where_o we_o alight_v and_o return_v to_o our_o lodging_n accompany_v by_o our_o pristaf_n ambassador_n in_o the_o same_o order_n as_o we_o have_v go_v thence_o we_o be_v hardly_o alight_v ere_o there_o come_v in_o one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n chamber_n he_o 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and_o hydromel_n and_o cause_v the_o meat_n to_o be_v serve_v out_o on_o 38._o great_a silver_n dishes_n which_o consist_v in_o boil_a roast_a and_o pastry_n all_o be_v serve_v the_o knez_n rise_v cause_v the_o ambassador_n to_o come_v before_o the_o table_n and_o tell_v they_o there_o be_v the_o provision_n which_o the_o czaar_n have_v command_v he_o to_o entertain_v they_o withal_o pray_v they_o to_o be_v please_v with_o the_o treatment_n then_o he_o take_v the_o great_a cup_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v fill_v with_o excellent_a good_a hydromel_n make_v with_o raspice_n and_o have_v drink_v his_o majesty_n health_n he_o cause_v as_o much_o to_o be_v give_v the_o ambassador_n and_o all_o their_o retinue_n oblige_v we_o to_o drink_v the_o great_a duke_n health_n all_o at_o the_o same_o time_n some_o of_o we_o will_v have_v reach_v their_o arm_n over_o the_o table_n to_o take_v the_o gobelet_n but_o the_o muscovite_n will_v not_o suffer_v it_o say_v that_o table_n then_o represent_v the_o great_a duke_n who_o permit_v none_o to_o go_v behind_o his_o table_n and_o so_o oblige_v they_o to_o come_v round_o about_o and_o take_v the_o cup._n this_o health_n be_v follow_v by_o that_o of_o our_o prince_n which_o he_o begin_v to_o the_o ambassador_n say_v god_n grant_v health_n and_o prosperity_n to_o his_o highness_n and_o make_v he_o long_o to_o continue_v in_o a_o good_a correspondence_n and_o amity_n with_o his_o majesty_n the_o three_o health_n be_v that_o of_o the_o prince_n the_o great_a duke_n son_n this_o do_v they_o sit_v to_o the_o table_n and_o some_o gobelet_n of_o a_o wine_n make_v of_o cherry_n and_o mulberry_n be_v drink_v about_o the_o ambassador_n present_v he_o with_o a_o vermilion-gilt_n cup_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o three_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v carry_v before_o he_o as_o he_o return_v to_o the_o castle_n aug._n 20._o the_o pristaf_n come_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v please_v we_o shall_v go_v 〈◊〉_d and_o give_v we_o the_o liberty_n to_o walk_v about_o the_o city_n and_o to_o that_o end_n horse_n shall_v be_v bring_v we_o from_o his_o own_o stable_n when_o ere_o we_o shall_v desire_v it_o we_o be_v also_o permit_v to_o visit_v the_o suedish_n ambassador_n and_o to_o receive_v their_o visit_n all_o which_o be_v think_v so_o great_a favour_n that_o the_o muscovite_n themselves_o be_v astonish_v at_o it_o for_o till_o then_o it_o have_v not_o be_v suffer_v that_o the_o domestic_n of_o strange_a ambassador_n shall_v walk_v about_o the_o city_n but_o when_o their_o occasion_n oblige_v they_o to_o go_v abroad_o they_o be_v accompany_v by_o one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o musketeer_n two_o day_n after_o the_o pristaf_n accompany_v by_o a_o groom_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n stable_n bring_v we_o six_o horse_n and_o conduct_v we_o to_o the_o lodging_n of_o the_o suedish_n ambassador_n who_o we_o see_v several_a time_n after_o and_o hold_v a_o very_a fair_a correspondence_n with_o they_o aug._n 23._o the_o ambassador_n will_v have_v invite_v to_o dinner_n dr._n wendelin_n the_o physician_n the_o apothecary_n and_o some_o other_o servant_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n but_o the_o chancellor_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o come_v and_o forbid_v they_o see_v we_o for_o three_o day_n of_o which_o rigorous_a treatment_n we_o can_v have_v no_o account_n till_o afterward_o that_o we_o be_v tell_v it_o be_v because_o the_o present_n have_v not_o yet_o be_v value_v among_o which_o be_v the_o cabinet_n make_v like_o a_o apothecary_n shop_n we_o speak_v of_o before_o which_o can_v not_o be_v value_v but_o by_o they_o the_o 24._o come_v before_o moscou_n arnald_n spirin_fw-mi farmer_n general_n of_o the_o custom_n in_o livonia_n through_o which_o he_o have_v pass_v and_o be_v send_v by_o the_o crown_n of_o sueden_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o negotiation_n which_o the_o ambassador_n thence_o be_v to_o manage_v for_o commerce_n wherein_o he_o be_v very_o well_o verse_v the_o muscovite_n who_o know_v he_o make_v some_o difficulty_n to_o entertain_v he_o in_o that_o quality_n but_o perceive_v the_o suede_n take_v it_o ill_o they_o be_v at_o last_o content_n to_o do_v it_o and_o send_v a_o pristaf_n to_o meet_v and_o receive_v he_o september_n 1_o septem_fw-la the_o muscovite_n celebrate_v the_o first_o day_n of_o their_o new_a year_n day_n for_o have_v no_o other_o epoch_n than_o that_o of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n which_o they_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v in_o autumn_n they_o begin_v the_o year_n with_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o they_o account_v then_o 7142_o year_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o eastern_a church_n which_o count_v 5508._o from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n whereto_o add_v 1634._o you_o will_v find_v the_o number_n 7142._o whereas_o we_o account_v from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o the_o same_o year_n 1634._o but_o 5603_o year_n their_o procession_n be_v hand_n some_o enough_o consist_v of_o above_o 20000_o person_n of_o all_o age_n who_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o outer_a court_n of_o the_o castle_n the_o patriarch_n attend_v by_o almost_o 400_o priest_n all_o pontifical_o habit_v and_o carry_v a_o many_o banner_n image_n and_o old_a book_n open_a come_v out_o of_o the_o church_n which_o be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o second_o court_n while_o the_o great_a duke_n come_v out_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o same_o court_n accompany_v by_o his_o counsellor_n of_o state_n knez_n and_o bojare_n the_o great_a duke_n and_o the_o patriarch_n advance_v one_o towards_o the_o other_o and_o kiss_v the_o duke_n have_v his_o cap_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o the_o patriarch_n who_o have_v a_o mitre_n on_o his_o head_n hold_v in_o his_o â—â—id_n a_o golden_a cross_n about_o a_o foot_n long_o beset_v with_o diamond_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n which_o he_o present_v to_o the_o great_a duke_n to_o kiss_v that_o do_v the_o patriarch_n give_v his_o majesty_n his_o benediction_n as_o also_o to_o all_o the_o people_n wish_v they_o all_o prosperity_n in_o the_o new_a year_n there_o be_v many_o muscovitis_fw-la who_o hold_v their_o petition_n in_o the_o air_n and_o their_o way_n of_o present_v they_o to_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v to_o cast_v they_o with_o no_o small_a noise_n at_o his_o foot_n whence_o certain_a officer_n gather_v they_o up_o to_o be_v carry_v to_o his_o majesty_n chamber_n that_o they_o may_v be_v answer_v this_o do_v the_o procession_n part_v and_o return_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v sept._n 3._o gillenstiern_n bureus_n and_o spire_v who_o be_v to_o negotiate_v joint_o with_o we_o concern_v the_o passage_n into_o persia_n be_v conduct_v to_o their_o public_a audience_n
a_o great_a number_n of_o lord_n the_o duchess_n have_v about_o she_o 36._o lady_n or_o maid_n of_o honour_n they_o be_v all_o on_o horseback_n sit_v a-stride_a clothe_v in_o red_a white_a hat_n on_o their_o head_n with_o great_a red_a band_n dangle_v at_o their_o back_n white_a scarf_n about_o their_o neck_n they_o be_v most_o wicked_o bepaint_v the_o 17._o i_o be_v send_v to_o the_o chancellor_n to_o speak_v to_o he_o concern_v our_o dispatch_n he_o will_v do_v i_o the_o great_a honour_n i_o can_v expect_v and_o order_v i_o shall_v be_v bring_v in_o to_o audience_n by_o a_o pristaf_n that_o importunate_a civility_n cost_v i_o two_o hour_n attendance_n in_o the_o antichamber_n till_o a_o pristaf_n be_v find_v the_o chancellor_n and_o vicechancellor_n receive_v i_o kind_o and_o dismiss_v i_o well_o satisfy_v the_o table_n in_o the_o audience_n chamber_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o very_a rich_a persian_a carpet_n upon_o which_o be_v a_o silver_n standish_n but_o without_o any_o ink_n in_o it_o i_o be_v tell_v afterward_o that_o they_o be_v set_v there_o only_o for_o the_o time_n i_o be_v to_o stay_v in_o the_o room_n which_o be_v but_o poor_o furnish_v without_o they_o the_o 20._o the_o pristaf_n come_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o may_v take_v our_o journey_n for_o persia_n when_o we_o please_v and_o that_o at_o our_o return_n thence_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o honour_n to_o kiss_v his_o majesty_n hand_n it_o be_v not_o fit_a they_o do_v it_o then_o since_o the_o ambassador_n be_v not_o to_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n and_o that_o at_o the_o last_o public_a audience_n only_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v oblige_v to_o answer_v the_o credential_n they_o have_v bring_v we_o according_o prepare_v for_o our_o departure_n get_v boat_n to_o be_v provide_v to_o carry_v we_o upon_o the_o river_n to_o nisa_n and_o take_v into_o our_o service_n three_o lieutenant_n four_o sergeant_n and_o twenty_o three_o soldier_n scot_n and_o german_n the_o great_a duke_n give_v we_o leave_v to_o take_v they_o out_o of_o his_o own_o guard_n for_o our_o security_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n which_o make_v travel_v near_o wolgda_n very_o dangerous_a we_o also_o hire_v certain_a muscovite_n for_o ordinary_a employment_n the_o 24._o and_o 25._o be_v spend_v in_o put_v our_o thing_n aboard_o and_o send_v away_o certain_a brass_n gun_n we_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o germany_n and_o some_o cabinet_n we_o have_v buy_v at_o moscou_n and_o part_n of_o our_o baggage_n order_v the_o conductor_n to_o stay_v for_o we_o at_o nisa_n the_o 26._o poland_n come_v in_o ambassador_n or_o as_o the_o muscovite_n call_v they_o courrier_n of_o quality_n from_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n we_o go_v out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o observe_v their_o entrance_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o perceive_v we_o they_o salute_v we_o very_o civil_o put_v off_o their_o hat_n but_o their_o demeanour_n towards_o the_o muscovite_n be_v much_o want_v of_o respect_n never_o offer_v to_o be_v uncover_v they_o also_o oblige_v the_o pristef_n to_o alight_v and_o uncover_v themselves_o first_o say_v they_o be_v not_o there_o to_o do_v the_o muscovite_n any_o honour_n but_o to_o receive_v it_o from_o they_o there_o be_v no_o horse_n out_o the_o great_a duke_n stable_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o these_o ambassador_n because_o another_o polish_v ambassador_n have_v some_o few_o day_n before_o refuse_v they_o and_o make_v use_v of_o his_o own_o this_o other_o polish_v ambassador_n have_v be_v send_v to_o the_o great_a duke_n immediate_o after_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o muscovite_n before_o smolensco_n ambassador_n which_o give_v he_o occasion_n to_o be_v so_o insolent_a as_o he_o be_v during_o his_o stay_n at_o moscow_n he_o will_v needs_o make_v his_o proposition_n sit_v and_o perceive_v that_o when_o he_o pronounce_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o his_o king_n the_o bojare_n be_v not_o uncover_v he_o stop_v till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o grand_a duke_n have_v command_v they_o to_o be_v so_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v send_v the_o great_a duke_n no_o present_a but_o the_o ambassador_n give_v he_o as_o from_o himself_o a_o very_a fair_a coach_n and_o yet_o when_o the_o duke_n send_v he_o a_o rich_a present_n of_o sables_n he_o refuse_v they_o whereupon_o the_o great_a duke_n send_v back_o his_o coach_n which_o the_o ambassador_n be_v angry_a at_o take_v that_o occasion_n to_o tumble_v the_o pristaf_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a pair_n of_o stair_n to_o the_o bottom_n the_o great_a duke_n be_v so_o incense_v thereat_o that_o he_o send_v one_o to_o tell_v the_o ambassador_n that_o he_o know_v not_o whether_o this_o demeanour_n of_o his_o be_v according_a to_o his_o master_n order_n or_o that_o the_o rudeness_n proceed_v from_o his_o own_o passion_n that_o if_o his_o king_n have_v command_v he_o to_o do_v so_o patience_n must_v be_v have_v till_o god_n enable_v he_o to_o express_v his_o resentment_n of_o it_o that_o the_o event_n of_o war_n be_v in_o his_o hand_n and_o that_o another_o time_n he_o may_v be_v the_o more_o fortunate_a but_o that_o if_o he_o have_v do_v this_o without_o order_n and_o upon_o his_o own_o account_n complaint_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o it_o to_o the_o king_n his_o master_n the_o 26_o of_o june_n the_o pristaf_n bring_v we_o the_o great_a duke_n pass_v which_o for_o the_o odness_n of_o the_o stile_n pass_n we_o think_v fit_a to_o insert_v here_o faithful_o translate_v out_o of_o the_o muscovian_a language_n from_o the_o grand_a seigneur_n and_o great_a duke_n of_o all_o the_o russes_z michael_z federovit_n we_o enjoin_v all_o our_o bojare_n weiwodes_n and_o diaken_v and_o all_o our_o commander_n from_o the_o city_n of_o moscou_n to_o columna_fw-la and_o thence_o to_o perestaf_n resansky_n and_o kasimova_n to_o murama_n and_o nisenovogorod_a to_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n to_o let_v pass_n philip_n crusius_n and_o otton_n brugman_n ambassador_n and_o counselor_n from_o frederick_n duke_n of_o 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a_o mountain_n upon_o the_o right_a shore_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n at_o 55_o degree_n and_o 51_o m._n elevation_n at_o the_o fall_n in_o of_o the_o little_a river_n sura_n which_o be_v heretofore_o a_o comâ—â—n_a frontier_n between_o the_o tartar_n of_o casan_n and_o the_o muscovite_n the_o create_v duke_n basili_n builâ—â—â—_n to_o prevent_v the_o incursion_n of_o tartar_n and_o fortify_v it_o but_o now_o that_o the_o muscovite_n have_v extend_v their_o territory_n much_o far_o they_o think_v it_o unnecessary_a to_o keep_v any_o garrison_n there_o the_o 6_o we_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o pass_v the_o sand_n which_o we_o meet_v with_o every_o foot_n so_o that_o it_o be_v afternoon_n ere_o we_o come_v up_o to_o the_o city_n which_o we_o salute_v with_o a_o volley_n of_o our_o great_a gun_n that_o honour_n we_o do_v all_o the_o city_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n the_o tartar_n we_o speak_v of_o be_v call_v ceremiss_n ceremiâ—â—ses_n and_o their_o country_n reach_v beyond_o casan_n 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circumcision_n or_o baptism_n mean_n all_o the_o ceremony_n they_o have_v when_o they_o be_v to_o give_v a_o child_n a_o name_n consist_v in_o appoint_v some_o day_n six_o month_n after_o on_o which_o they_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o that_o person_n who_o they_o first_o meet_v most_o of_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v a_o god_n who_o be_v immortal_a author_n of_o all_o the_o good_a that_o happen_v to_o man_n and_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v adore_v but_o this_o be_v all_o they_o know_v of_o he_o for_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n nor_o consequent_o the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a but_o that_o man_n and_o beast_n have_v the_o same_o beginning_n and_o come_v to_o the_o same_o end_n i_o meet_v with_o one_o of_o the_o ceremiss_n at_o a_o house_n where_o i_o lodge_v at_o casan_n he_o be_v age_v about_o 45_o year_n and_o want_v not_o ingenuity_n but_o understand_v that_o i_o be_v discourse_v with_o my_o host_n about_o some_o point_n of_o religion_n and_o that_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a he_o laugh_v at_o the_o persuasion_n and_o say_v to_o i_o those_o who_o be_v dead_a be_v real_o dead_a and_o will_v never_o return_v again_o no_o more_o than_o my_o horse_n and_o cow_n which_o be_v long_o since_o rot_v i_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o know_v who_o create_v this_o world_n and_o make_v heaven_n and_o earth_n his_o answer_n be_v tzortsneit_n the_o devil_n may_v haply_o know_v they_o do_v not_o believe_v there_o be_v any_o hell_n yet_o be_v persuade_v there_o be_v devil_n and_o evil_a spirit_n which_o afflict_v and_o torment_v people_n in_o this_o life_n and_o therefore_o they_o endeavour_v to_o appease_v they_o and_o to_o gain_v their_o favour_n by_o sacrifice_n forty_o league_n from_o casan_n there_o be_v a_o place_n call_v nemda_n amidst_o the_o fen_n where_o these_o tartar_n go_v pilgrimage_n and_o do_v their_o devotion_n and_o they_o believe_v that_o those_o who_o go_v thither_o emptyhanded_a and_o carry_v no_o present_n to_o the_o devil_n shall_v languish_v and_o pine_v away_o of_o some_o long_a and_o incurable_a disease_n a_o particular_a point_n of_o their_o faith_n be_v that_o the_o devil_n have_v his_o principal_a residence_n in_o the_o torrent_n of_o schockschem_n ten_o werstes_fw-la from_o nunda_n and_o whereas_o that_o little_a rivulet_n which_o be_v but_o four_o foot_n deep_a be_v never_o freeze_v occasion_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o its_o course_n between_o two_o mountain_n they_o think_v it_o be_v not_o without_o some_o mystery_n and_o they_o have_v so_o great_a a_o veneration_n for_o it_o as_o to_o be_v persuade_v they_o can_v come_v near_o it_o without_o danger_n of_o their_o life_n though_o the_o muscovite_n cross_v it_o daily_o without_o any_o in_o their_o sacrifice_n to_o god_n they_o kill_v a_o
horse_n a_o ox_n or_o a_o sheep_n roast_v the_o flesh_n and_o take_v a_o cut_v thereof_o in_o a_o dish_n and_o hold_v in_o the_o other_o hand_n another_o dish_n full_a of_o hydromel_n or_o some_o other_o liquor_n they_o cast_v both_o into_o a_o fire_n which_o they_o make_v before_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o creature_n that_o be_v sacrifice_v which_o skin_n they_o hang_v upon_o a_o pole_n lay_v across_o between_o two_o tree_n they_o entreat_v that_o skin_n to_o present_v their_o prayer_n to_o god_n or_o sometime_o they_o make_v their_o address_n immediate_o to_o god_n and_o pray_v he_o to_o augment_v the_o number_n of_o their_o cattle_n or_o grant_v they_o some_o other_o conveniency_n of_o this_o life_n which_o be_v the_o only_a object_n of_o all_o their_o devotion_n they_o adore_v also_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n as_o author_n of_o all_o the_o noble_a production_n of_o the_o earth_n nay_o they_o be_v so_o fond_o superstitious_a as_o to_o have_v a_o veneration_n for_o what_o ever_o present_v itself_o to_o they_o in_o the_o night_n in_o their_o dream_n and_o to_o adore_v it_o the_o next_o day_n as_o a_o horse_n a_o cow_n fire_n water_n etc_n etc_n i_o tell_v the_o tartar_n i_o speak_v of_o before_o that_o it_o be_v madness_n to_o worship_v those_o creature_n who_o life_n be_v at_o our_o disposal_n he_o reply_v that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o adore_v thing_n animate_v than_o the_o god_n of_o wood_n and_o colour_n which_o the_o muscovite_n have_v hang_v on_o their_o wall_n they_o have_v neither_o church_n nor_o priest_n nor_o book_n and_o the_o language_n of_o the_o ceremiss_n be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n nothing_o common_a with_o that_o of_o the_o other_o tartar_n nor_o yet_o with_o the_o turkish_a though_o those_o who_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o czaar_n and_o so_o oblige_v to_o converse_v with_o the_o muscovite_n make_v use_v also_o of_o their_o language_n they_o perform_v all_o religious_a ceremony_n and_o sacrifice_n near_o some_o torrent_n where_o they_o meet_v together_o especial_o when_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o any_o of_o their_o friend_n who_o have_v leave_v any_o wealth_n behind_o he_o they_o make_v good_a cheer_n with_o the_o best_a horse_n he_o have_v which_o they_o put_v to_o death_n with_o the_o master_n polygamy_n be_v so_o ordinary_a among_o they_o that_o there_o be_v few_o but_o have_v four_o or_o five_o wife_n whereof_o they_o take_v two_o or_o three_o into_o the_o same_o house_n and_o make_v no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o marry_v two_o or_o three_o sister_n at_o the_o same_o time_n their_o woman_n and_o young_a maid_n be_v all_o clad_v in_o a_o coarse_a white_a cloth_n wherein_o they_o so_o wrap_v up_o themselves_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v but_o their_o face_n those_o that_o be_v betroth_v have_v a_o particular_a dress_n for_o their_o head_n which_o have_v a_o point_n like_o a_o horn_n which_o seem_v to_o come_v out_o of_o the_o head_n about_o half_a a_o ell_n in_o length_n at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o horn_n there_o be_v a_o tassel_n of_o silk_n of_o diverse_a colour_n at_o which_o hang_v a_o little_a bell._n the_o man_n wear_v a_o long_a coat_n or_o garment_n of_o coarse_a linen_n cloth_n under_o which_o they_o wear_v breeches_n they_o all_o shave_v their_o head_n only_o those_o young_a man_n that_o be_v not_o marry_v leave_v on_o the_o head_n a_o long_a tress_n of_o hair_n which_o some_o tie_n up_o into_o a_o knot_n upon_o the_o head_n other_o suffer_v to_o hang_v down_o the_o back_n which_o particularity_n we_o have_v the_o opportunity_n to_o take_v better_a notice_n of_o at_o our_o return_n at_o casan_n when_o they_o see_v we_o upon_o the_o river_n in_o a_o dress_n so_o different_a from_o they_o they_o be_v affright_v so_o as_o that_o some_o flee_v other_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o stay_v on_o the_o river_n side_n but_o not_o one_o will_v venture_v to_o come_v into_o the_o ship_n be_v come_v at_o night_n to_o the_o river_n of_o welluka_n near_o the_o monastery_n of_o junka_n one_o of_o these_o tartar_n have_v the_o courage_n to_o bring_v we_o a_o sturgeon_n to_o sell_v for_o which_o at_o first_o he_o ask_v a_o crown_n but_o afterward_o let_v it_o go_v for_o xv_o d._n august_n 7._o we_o come_v before_o the_o city_n of_o kusmademiansky_n 40._o werstes_fw-la from_o basiligorod_n seat_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n we_o see_v in_o those_o part_n whole_a forest_n of_o elm_n the_o bark_n whereof_o they_o sell_v all_o over_o the_o country_n to_o make_v sledge_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v many_o time_n of_o such_o compass_n that_o the_o body_n of_o they_o be_v cut_v cylinder-wise_a they_o make_v great_a fat_n be_v barrel_n and_o coffin_n thereof_o all_o of_o one_o piece_n which_o they_o sell_v at_o the_o adjacent_a to_n we_o cast_v anchor_v three_o werstes_fw-la thence_o near_o the_o island_n of_o krius_fw-la where_o we_o do_v our_o devotion_n and_o celebrate_v the_o lord_n supper_n the_o peasant_n thereabouts_o bring_v aboard_o the_o ship_n several_a provision_n to_o sell._n about_o a_o league_n thence_o a_o tempest_n overtake_v we_o and_o force_v we_o to_o cast_v anchor_n and_o to_o stay_v there_o all_o night_n the_o 8._o the_o wind_n fair_a we_o get_v about_o noon_n near_o the_o island_n of_o turich_n but_o in_o the_o afternoon_n the_o same_o wind_n force_v our_o ship_n be_v under_o all_o the_o sail_n she_o can_v make_v upon_o a_o sand-bank_n near_o the_o island_n of_o maslof_n with_o such_o violence_n that_o it_o be_v think_v the_o mast_n will_v have_v break_v and_o this_o prove_v such_o a_o check_n to_o we_o that_o it_o cost_v we_o four_o hour_n toil_n and_o trouble_v to_o get_v off_o we_o perceive_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n a_o great_a number_n of_o tartar_n some_o afoot_n some_o on_o horseback_n come_v from_o hay-making_a we_o come_v at_o night_n before_o the_o city_n of_o sabakzar_n 40._o werstes_fw-la from_o kusmademianski_n sabakzar_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o river_n the_o building_n of_o this_o city_n be_v of_o wood_n as_o be_v those_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n but_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o be_v beyond_o comparison_n more_o pleasant_a than_o that_o of_o any_o other_o city_n of_o tartary_n the_o inhabitant_n perceive_v our_o ship_n at_o some_o distance_n know_v not_o at_o first_o what_o to_o think_v of_o she_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o weywode_n send_v some_o musketeer_n in_o a_o boat_n as_o far_o as_o the_o island_n of_o makrit_n three_o werstes_fw-la from_o the_o city_n to_o discover_v what_o we_o be_v the_o boat_n think_v it_o not_o safe_a to_o venture_v too_o near_o we_o take_v a_o compass_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n about_o our_o ship_n and_o so_o return_v to_o the_o city_n but_o they_o no_o soon_o understand_v our_o quality_n by_o our_o passport_n and_o withal_o the_o occasion_n of_o our_o voyage_n but_o there_o come_v above_o 300._o person_n to_o the_o river_n side_n to_o see_v we_o pass_v by_o the_o 9_o we_o pass_v by_o the_o island_n of_o cousin_n leave_v it_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n 12._o werstes_fw-la from_o sabakzar_n afterward_o on_o the_o same_o hand_n a_o village_n name_v sundir_n and_o thence_o we_o come_v to_o a_o little_a city_n call_v kockschaga_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o wolga_n 25._o werstes_fw-la from_o sabakzar_n the_o river_n be_v so_o shallow_a thereabouts_o that_o there_o be_v hardly_o water_n enough_o for_o our_o ship_n which_o put_v we_o to_o much_o trouble_n both_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o the_o 11._o the_o current_n have_v force_v the_o ship_n upon_o the_o shore_n where_o we_o be_v constrain_v to_o stay_v for_o several_a hour_n m._n mandelslo_n and_o myself_o go_v a_o shore_n to_o divert_v ourselves_o and_o see_v what_o fruit_n we_o can_v find_v in_o the_o wood_n which_o have_v like_a to_o have_v occasion_v we_o a_o great_a misfortune_n for_o the_o wind_n turn_v fair_a at_o our_o return_n to_o the_o river_n side_n all_o be_v go_v the_o ship_n itself_o not_o in_o sight_n though_o we_o make_v all_o the_o have_v we_o can_v to_o overtake_v it_o at_o last_o we_o see_v a_o boat_n come_v towards_o we_o which_o we_o think_v at_o first_o may_v belong_v to_o the_o cosaques_n but_o soon_o after_o we_o perceive_v they_o be_v some_o of_o our_o own_o send_v to_o bring_v we_o aboard_o the_o conrtary_n wind_n have_v stay_v the_o ship_n at_o a_o turn_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o tempest_n still_o increase_v we_o be_v force_v to_o cast_v anchor_n and_o to_o lie_v there_o all_o night_n the_o 12._o we_o spend_v in_o get_v beyond_o the_o turn_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o anchor_n which_o we_o order_v to_o be_v cast_v at_o some_o distance_n before_o we_o but_o with_o this_o misfortune_n that_o have_v
he_o word_n that_o his_o army_n be_v upon_o the_o march_n in_o order_n to_o the_o besiege_n of_o casan_n this_o siege_n cause_v the_o loss_n of_o much_o blood_n on_o both_o side_n but_o prove_v unfortunate_a to_o the_o muscovite_n who_o be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o raise_v it_o thus_o end_v the_o war_n between_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n juanovit_v and_o the_o tartar_n his_o son_n basilovit_v john_n basilovit_v to_o show_v the_o world_n how_o much_o he_o resent_v the_o affront_n which_o the_o muscovite_n have_v receive_v before_o casan_n begin_v his_o reign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o place_n have_v batter_v it_o for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n together_o fear_v that_o mendligeri_fw-la will_v come_v in_o with_o his_o crim-tartar_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o exasperate_v at_o the_o refusal_n which_o the_o besiege_a have_v make_v to_o accept_v of_o very_o honourable_a condition_n he_o command_v all_o the_o wall_n to_o be_v undermine_v and_o a_o general_a assault_n to_o be_v give_v storm_n the_o mine_n wrought_v their_o effect_n and_o take_v off_o great_a number_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o assault_n be_v give_v and_o the_o place_n carry_v by_o storm_n on_o the_o 9_o of_o july_n 1552._o the_o tartar_n perceive_v the_o enemy_n be_v get_v into_o the_o place_n take_v this_o resolution_n after_o they_o have_v make_v a_o vigorous_a resistance_n in_o two_o several_a place_n within_o the_o city_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o and_o see_v their_o chief_a commander_n kill_v or_o wound_v they_o go_v out_o at_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n make_v their_o way_n through_o the_o muscovite_n and_o get_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n casanska_n ever_o since_o the_o city_n and_o province_n of_o casan_n have_v continue_v under_o the_o muscovite_n who_o repair_v the_o breach_n renew_v the_o fortification_n and_o reduce_v the_o castle_n to_o the_o condition_n it_o be_v now_o in_o have_v four_o bastion_n of_o stone_n many_o tower_n and_o a_o good_a ditch_n he_o who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o this_o place_n when_o we_o pass_v that_o way_n be_v brother_n to_o the_o weywode_n of_o nise_n the_o ambassador_n send_v he_o as_o a_o present_a by_o their_o chamberlain_n m._n vchterit_n a_o very_a noble_a ruby_n m._n mandelslo_n and_o i_o conceive_v our_o ship_n will_v have_v lie_v there_o at_o anchor_n all_o that_o day_n and_o the_o next_o bigness_n go_v ashore_o as_o well_o to_o take_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o city_n as_o to_o buy_v certain_a provision_n we_o can_v meet_v with_o nothing_o but_o fruit_n among_o other_o particular_o melon_n full_a as_o big_a as_o our_o pompion_n and_o saltfish_n but_o such_o as_o stink_v so_o that_o we_o be_v force_v to_o stop_v our_o nose_n to_o shun_v the_o infection_n as_o we_o come_v out_o of_o the_o city_n we_o meet_v with_o divers_a tartar_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o our_o ship_n be_v go_v which_o intelligence_n oblige_v we_o to_o take_v a_o wagon_n and_o afterward_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o pristaf_n boat_n to_o bring_v we_o aboard_o which_o in_o the_o evening_n we_o find_v at_o anchor_n two_o league_n below_o casan_n where_o they_o intend_v to_o lie_v all_o that_o night_n the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n from_o nisenovogorod_n to_o casan_n wolga_n be_v eastward_o and_o south-east-ward_n but_o from_o casan_n to_o astrachan_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n it_o go_v from_o north_n to_o south_n the_o country_n be_v very_o good_a and_o fertile_a but_o in_o a_o manner_n desolate_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o cosâ—ques_n and_o have_v but_o few_o village_n aug._n 15._o we_o continue_v our_o course_n with_o the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v very_o strong_a in_o that_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o river_n bring_v we_o that_o day_n as_o far_o as_o the_o village_n of_o klitsischa_n 26._o werstes_fw-la from_o casan_n lie_v amidst_o several_a sand-bank_n which_o we_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o pass_v through_o some_o part_n of_o that_o day_n as_o also_o of_o the_o next_o we_o spend_v in_o recover_v our_o anchor_n whereof_o the_o cable_n be_v break_v we_o at_o last_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o get_v up_o the_o great_a one_o and_o leave_v the_o little_a one_o behind_o as_o be_v loath_a to_o lose_v any_o more_o time_n thence_o we_o pass_v by_o a_o tavern_n call_v kabak_a tenkofski_n 30._o werstes_fw-la from_o casan_n where_o we_o meet_v with_o great_a sand-bank_n and_o about_o half_a a_o league_n beyond_o it_o another_o bank_n near_o a_o tavern_n call_v keshofska_n which_o we_o have_v much_o difficulty_n to_o pass_v the_o 17._o we_o pass_v over_o a_o great_a bank_n which_o have_v give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o tavern_n we_o have_v pass_v by_o the_o day_n before_o thence_o we_o come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o the_o shore_n on_o one_o side_n be_v very_o high_a and_o some_o part_n of_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o river_n about_o a_o month_n before_o and_o by_o its_o fall_n have_v overwhelm_v a_o boat_n full_a of_o people_n who_o be_v go_v that_o way_n to_o gather_v cherry_n whereof_o there_o be_v abundance_n in_o those_o part_n the_o new_a pilot_n who_o we_o have_v take_v up_o at_o casan_n tell_v we_o that_o come_v from_o astrachan_n august_n he_o have_v meet_v several_a of_o those_o carcase_n float_v down_o the_o river_n towards_o the_o caspian_a sea_n hereabout_o near_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n we_o meet_v with_o great_a quantity_n of_o ice_n which_o we_o put_v into_o our_o drink_n to_o make_v they_o drink_v the_o cool_a in_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o the_o great_a river_n of_o kama_n fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n kama_n it_o come_v from_o north-east_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o permie_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n on_o our_o left_a hand_n 60._o werstes_fw-la from_o casan_n the_o water_n of_o it_o be_v blackish_a and_o it_o be_v much_o about_o the_o same_o breadth_n as_o that_o of_o weser_n in_o germany_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o there_o be_v two_o island_n whereof_o the_o great_a be_v call_v sokol_n and_o upon_o the_o continent_n over_o against_o it_o a_o handsome_a village_n call_v pagantzina_fw-la and_o three_o werstes_fw-la thence_o another_o name_v corotai_o whence_o we_o get_v seven_o werstes_fw-la further_o as_o far_o as_o a_o village_n name_v kirieska_n where_o we_o stay_v all_o night_n the_o 18._o the_o wind_n be_v so_o fair_a for_o we_o that_o we_o make_v all_o the_o sail_n we_o can_v and_o get_v by_o noon_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o river_n zerdick_n fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n which_o be_v also_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n it_o be_v indeed_o but_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n kama_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o island_n and_o have_v another_o mouth_n thirty_o werstes_fw-la from_o the_o former_a we_o discover_v at_o the_o same_o time_n on_o our_o right_a hand_n upon_o a_o little_a ascent_n tetus_n the_o city_n of_o tetus_n distant_a from_o casan_n 120._o werstes_fw-la have_v its_o 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thence_o upon_o the_o riverside_n 70._o horse_n which_o the_o tartar_n have_v draw_v off_o to_o make_v a_o discovery_n of_o we_o and_o that_o they_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o set_v upon_o we_o think_v with_o these_o story_n to_o frighten_v we_o we_o give_v they_o one_o great_a shot_n and_o keep_v on_o our_o course_n have_v the_o wind_n so_o fair_a as_o that_o it_o carry_v we_o 70._o werstes_fw-la that_o day_n utka_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o leave_v on_o our_o left_a hand_n the_o river_n vtka_n which_o rise_v near_o the_o city_n of_o bulgara_n 25._o werstes_fw-la from_o tetus_n we_o think_v fit_a the_o night_n follow_v to_o make_v trial_n what_o our_o people_n can_v do_v in_o case_n we_o shall_v be_v set_v upon_o so_o that_o the_o ambassador_n conceive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o
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he_o tell_v we_o upon_o promise_n of_o secrecy_n that_o the_o governor_n brother_n have_v be_v not_o long_o before_o execute_v and_o that_o misfortune_n have_v in_o some_o measure_n engage_v the_o whole_a family_n in_o the_o disgrace_n of_o the_o decease_a there_o be_v not_o any_o man_n dare_v undertake_v the_o delivery_n of_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o sophy_n as_o be_v ignorant_a what_o the_o content_n thereof_o may_v be_v but_o that_o after_o a_o month_n delay_n one_o of_o the_o king_n chamberlain_n have_v venture_v to_o lay_v it_o at_o his_o majesty_n foot_n the_o sofi_n will_v make_v no_o answer_n at_o all_o thereto_o but_o order_v another_o to_o write_v to_o he_o and_o send_v he_o word_n that_o there_o be_v no_o answer_n to_o be_v make_v to_o his_o letter_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o order_n send_v to_o the_o sulthan_n of_o derbent_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o letter_n ambassador_n whereof_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o read_n that_o it_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o add_v any_o thing_n thereto_o but_o a_o express_a command_n to_o the_o governor_n to_o see_v cut_v to_o piece_n in_o his_o presence_n all_o those_o persian_n that_o dare_v affront_n or_o injure_v the_o german_n during_o the_o stay_n they_o shall_v make_v in_o his_o government_n so_o that_o we_o be_v force_v to_o stay_v there_o in_o expectation_n of_o what_o order_v the_o sophy_n shall_v send_v upon_o the_o dispatch_n which_o the_o chan_n be_v then_o send_v to_o the_o court_n by_o a_o express_a jan._n 25._o the_o governor_n accompany_v by_o the_o poslanick_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o courtier_n give_v the_o ambassador_n a_o visit_n but_o in_o regard_v their_o lent_n be_v already_o begin_v he_o will_v not_o participate_v of_o our_o collation_n and_o so_o have_v hear_v our_o music_n he_o return_v to_o his_o own_o palace_n jan._n 28._o the_o muscovian_a poslanick_n go_v for_o ispahan_n not_o well_o satisfy_v with_o the_o treatment_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o governor_n and_o calenter_n 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the_o structure_n one_o of_o their_o maderis_fw-la or_o regent_n who_o read_v public_a lecture_n entreat_v we_o to_o come_v near_o he_o and_o perceive_v that_o i_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v grave_v upon_o a_o cane_n i_o walk_v with_o all_o these_o word_n in_o arabic_a 1637._o bismi_fw-la alla_fw-mi rahman_fw-mi rachim_n that_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o merciful_a god_n who_o show_v mercy_n a_o sentence_n which_o the_o persian_n put_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o write_n he_o desire_v i_o to_o bestow_v it_o on_o he_o upon_o a_o promise_n that_o he_o will_v give_v i_o a_o better_a the_o next_o day_n but_o find_v i_o make_v some_o difficulty_n to_o part_n with_o it_o he_o cut_v out_o the_o word_n alla_fw-mi which_o in_o their_o language_n be_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o god_n and_o put_v what_o he_o have_v cut_v off_o in_o a_o piece_n of_o clean_a paper_n very_o gentle_o and_o careful_o and_o tell_v i_o the_o name_n of_o god_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v write_v upon_o a_o walk_a 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this_o end_n have_v they_o at_o all_o meeting_n whether_o at_o common_a tipple_a house_n or_o elsewhere_o man_n and_o woman_n dancer_n who_o provoke_v they_o to_o brutality_n by_o their_o obscene_a posture_n they_o use_v also_o the_o seed_n and_o leaf_n of_o hemp_n to_o revive_v languish_v nature_n though_o our_o naturalist_n assign_v it_o a_o cold_a quality_n which_o weaken_v and_o corrupt_v nature_n i_o can_v imagine_v how_o this_o can_v add_v any_o fuel_n to_o their_o lustful_a inclination_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o windy_a humour_n of_o it_o be_v also_o expulsive_a or_o that_o in_o these_o hot_a country_n it_o have_v other_o quality_n than_o it_o have_v in_o europe_n to_o prepare_v this_o drugg_n they_o gather_v the_o leaf_n before_o they_o come_v to_o seed_n dry_v they_o in_o the_o shade_n beat_v they_o to_o powder_n which_o they_o mix_v with_o honey_n and_o make_v pill_n thereof_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n egg._n they_o take_v two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o at_o a_o time_n to_o fortify_v nature_n as_o to_o the_o seed_n they_o sry_v it_o put_v a_o little_a salt_n thereto_o and_o eat_v it_o by_o way_n of_o desert_n imanculi_fw-la who_o be_v send_v ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n take_v of_o it_o at_o every_o meal_n after_o he_o have_v marry_v a_o young_a woman_n at_o astrachan_n he_o himself_o being_n seventy_o year_n of_o age_n person_n of_o good_a repute_n in_o persia_n will_v not_o eat_v of_o it_o for_o they_o say_v that_o he_o who_o make_v use_v of_o this_o remedy_n commit_v a_o great_a sin_n than_o he_o that_o have_v ravish_v his_o own_o mother_n upon_o mahomet_n sepulchre_n they_o call_v those_o who_o use_v it_o bengi_fw-la kidi_fw-la bengi_fw-la but_o when_o all_o be_v do_v the_o persian_n think_v they_o have_v sufficient_o expiate_v the_o sin_n of_o fornication_n when_o immediate_o after_o they_o have_v have_v their_o pleasure_n of_o a_o woman_n they_o either_o bathe_v themselves_o 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his_o stomach_n maintain_v his_o proceedure_n by_o this_o general_a maxim_n that_o a_o disease_n be_v to_o be_v cure_a by_o what_o be_v contrary_a thereto_o when_o woman_n or_o child_n be_v trouble_v with_o any_o disease_n or_o indisposition_n they_o do_v not_o send_v for_o a_o physician_n but_o for_o the_o midwife_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o midwife_n have_v some_o skill_n in_o medicine_n the_o book_n which_o treat_v thereof_o have_v this_o extraordinary_a that_o the_o remedy_n they_o prescribe_v be_v as_o fit_v for_o horse_n as_o men._n our_o physician_n who_o have_v join_v to_o galen_n method_n certain_a maxim_n of_o paracelsus_n and_o use_v chemical_a remedy_n with_o very_a good_a success_n grow_v so_o famous_a in_o persia_n that_o the_o king_n himself_o proffer_v he_o very_o considerable_a allowance_n to_o engage_v he_o to_o continue_v in_o that_o court_n nay_o he_o grow_v into_o such_o repute_n after_o he_o have_v recover_v some_o person_n who_o have_v be_v give_v over_o by_o 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they_o have_v live_v so_o many_o narus_n that_o be_v so_o many_o year_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a function_n of_o the_o minatzim_n to_o observe_v by_o the_o astrolabe_n the_o happy_a minute_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o declare_v it_o be_v they_o all_o begin_v to_o rejoice_v their_o epoch_n be_v the_o hegira_n or_o flight_n of_o mahomet_n which_o fall_v on_o the_o 10._o of_o july_n in_o the_o 622._o year_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o persian_n have_v heretofore_o their_o almanac_n or_o takhuim_n which_o be_v particular_a to_o they_o and_o every_o day_n of_o the_o month_n have_v its_o name_n from_o some_o of_o their_o king_n or_o hero_n as_o oromasda_n behemer_n adarpahascht_v scharias_fw-la etc_n etc_n as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o scaliger_n in_o his_o incomparable_a treatise_n de_fw-fr emendatione_fw-la temporum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o ephemerides_n of_o origanus_n but_o they_o be_v not_o use_v now_o no_o more_o than_o 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against_o who_o he_o have_v take_v up_o arm_n and_o the_o second_o be_v poison_v by_o the_o three_o so_o that_o vssum_n cassan_n die_v on_o the_o five_o of_o january_n 1485._o jacup_n succeed_v he_o but_o he_o enjoy_v not_o long_o the_o kingdom_n he_o have_v get_v with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o brother_n blood_n for_o his_o own_o wife_n poison_v he_o within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n after_o his_o death_n schich_v eider_n son-in-law_n to_o usum_fw-la cassan_n surname_v harduellis_fw-la from_o the_o place_n of_o his_o birth_n pretend_v to_o the_o succession_n but_o it_o be_v dispute_v against_o he_o first_o by_o julaver_n a_o persian_a lord_n and_o afterward_o by_o baylinger_n and_o rustan_n the_o turk_n who_o slight_v schich_n eider_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o meanness_n of_o his_o birth_n notwithstanding_o which_o vssum_n cassan_n have_v bestow_v on_o he_o his_o daughter_n martha_n who_o he_o have_v have_v by_o despina_n the_o daughter_n of_o 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and_o his_o horse_n and_o that_o of_o a_o musketty_a two_o hundred_o they_o have_v the_o reputation_n not_o to_o be_v over-scrupulous_a in_o the_o keep_n of_o their_o word_n as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o capitulation_n they_o grant_v the_o garrison_n of_o iruan_n which_o be_v very_o ill_o observe_v those_o who_o speak_v of_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n revenue_n think_v they_o speak_v of_o a_o vast_a and_o incredible_a sum_n when_o they_o assign_v he_o a_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o eight_o million_o of_o gold_n and_o imagine_v they_o raise_v the_o reader_n into_o admiration_n when_o they_o affirm_v that_o the_o province_n of_o candahar_n alone_o bring_v in_o yearly_a near_o a_o million_o of_o gold_n that_o the_o city_n of_o bagdat_n and_o iruan_n with_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o pay_v in_o a_o manner_n as_o much_o and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o the_o register_n office_n of_o the_o chancery_n that_o the_o king_n get_v out_o of_o the_o suburb_n of_o ispahan_n 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crown_n there_o be_v no_o horse_n sell_v but_o pay_v xv_o d._n to_o the_o king_n a_o ox_n as_o much_o and_o a_o ass_n one_o half_a and_o a_o sheep_n which_o be_v as_o thick_a as_o ant_n all_o over_o the_o country_n iij._o d._n a_o piece_n the_o king_n let_v out_o the_o caravansera_n which_o be_v in_o city_n and_o be_v appoint_v for_o lodging_n for_o foremer_n and_o warehouse_n for_o merchant_n especial_o at_o ispahan_n where_o there_o be_v twenty_o five_o of_o they_o of_o which_o not_o any_o pay_v less_o than_o five_o thousand_o crown_n per_fw-la ann_n he_o farm_n out_o also_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o river_n the_o bath_n and_o stove_n the_o place_n of_o public_a prostitution_n and_o the_o spring_n of_o nefte_a he_o sell_v also_o the_o water_n which_o come_v into_o the_o fountain_n and_o raise_v only_o from_o the_o river_n of_o senderut_n at_o ispahan_n the_o yearly_a sum_n of_o sixteen_o thousand_o crown_n all_o the_o armenian_a christian_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a number_n in_o persia_n pay_v yearly_o a_o poll-money_n of_o two_o crown_n for_o every_o head_n nay_o what_o be_v more_o there_o be_v not_o a_o person_n those_o only_o except_v who_o be_v maintain_v by_o or_o have_v some_o relation_n to_o the_o king_n but_o pay_v a_o tax_n proportionable_o to_o what_o he_o get_v even_o to_o the_o very_a midwife_n i_o say_v nothing_o here_o of_o the_o present_v bring_v the_o king_n from_o all_o part_n and_o which_o fall_n by_o several_a channel_n into_o the_o prince_n treasury_n the_o great_a lord_n though_o they_o make_v good_a the_o king_n revenue_n yet_o abate_v nought_o of_o their_o own_o advantage_n and_o find_v way_n to_o fleece_v the_o country_n so_o as_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v admire_v there_o be_v so_o little_a wealth_n to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o people_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o true_a as_o what_o a_o certain_a emperor_n sometime_o say_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o spleen_n shall_v be_v swell_v in_o any_o body_n and_o that_o the_o other_o member_n of_o the_o same_o body_n shall_v not_o be_v waste_v and_o become_v hectic_a it_o be_v also_o schach-abas_n who_o order_v the_o melt_a down_o of_o seven_o thousand_o and_o two_o hundred_o mark_n of_o gold_n for_o the_o make_n of_o the_o pâ—ate_n we_o have_v mention_v elsewhere_o which_o his_o successor_n still_o produce_v at_o the_o entertainment_n they_o make_v foreigner_n and_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o dish_n pot_n flagon_n and_o other_o drinking-cup_n what_o we_o say_v before_o of_o the_o military_a officer_n court_n to_o wit_n that_o they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o but_o mean_o clad_v be_v as_o true_a in_o those_o officer_n who_o belong_v to_o the_o court_n for_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o one_o who_o can_v make_v ostentation_n of_o but_o ordinary_a parentage_n the_o eatemad_a dowlet_n chancellor_n or_o chancellor_n who_o be_v the_o precedent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n the_o soul_n of_o affair_n the_o principal_a minister_n of_o state_n and_o as_o it_o be_v viceroy_n of_o persia_n be_v the_o son_n of_o one_o who_o get_v his_o livelihood_n by_o write_v at_o mesanderan_n as_o we_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o these_o scrivener_n as_o i_o may_v call_v they_o be_v employ_v only_o in_o the_o coppy_n and_o transcribe_v of_o book_n in_o regard_n they_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o in_o this_o country_n the_o use_n of_o print_v as_o we_o have_v in_o europe_n he_o be_v call_v eahtemad_a dowlet_n in_o regard_n he_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n and_o treasury_n this_o be_v the_o most_o self-concerned_a person_n of_o all_o that_o ever_o have_v the_o management_n of_o public_a affair_n as_o a_o minister_n of_o state_n for_o there_o be_v no_o business_n do_v at_o court_n whereof_o he_o make_v not_o some_o advantage_n and_o there_o be_v no_o charge_n or_o employment_n to_o be_v get_v but_o the_o person_n petition_v for_o it_o must_v have_v make_v his_o agreement_n with_o the_o chancellor_n who_o exaction_n be_v in_o this_o particular_a excessive_a not_o only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o present_n which_o be_v make_v by_o he_o twice_o every_o year_n to_o the_o court_n render_v the_o king_n himself_o in_o a_o manner_n a_o complice_n of_o his_o concussion_n but_o also_o upon_o this_o consideration_n that_o be_v a_o eunuch_n all_o the_o wealth_n he_o get_v be_v at_o his_o death_n to_o fall_v to_o the_o king_n the_o kurtzibaschi_a kurtzibaschi_a who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o ten_o thousand_o horse_n who_o schach-ismael_n appoint_v as_o a_o stand_a army_n to_o be_v constant_o maintain_v name_v tzani-chan_n be_v a_o peasant_n son_n of_o schamlu_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o schach-abas_n have_v be_v a_o menial_a servant_n to_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o court_n these_o horse_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n
be_v much_o trouble_v to_o imitate_v then_o follow_v three_o young_a boy_n have_v their_o right_a shoulder_n and_o arm_v naked_a and_o their_o forehead_n and_o arm_n so_o scratch_v that_o the_o blood_n trickle_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n last_o there_o follow_v three_o man_n carry_v each_o of_o they_o a_o tree_n whereto_o they_o have_v fasten_v certain_a red_a apple_n and_o the_o tress_n of_o hair_n which_o the_o say_v gentleman_fw-mi three_o wife_n have_v either_o pluck_v or_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n as_o also_o certain_a piece_n of_o red_a and_o green_a paper_n these_o go_v immediate_o before_o the_o body_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o eight_o man_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n and_o upon_o the_o bier_n there_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a garment_n line_v with_o the_o precious_a skin_n of_o the_o buchar-sheep_n behind_o the_o corpse_n there_o follow_v four_o man_n carry_v in_o a_o very_a high_a chair_n a_o young_a lad_n who_o read_v certain_a passage_n of_o the_o alcoran_n and_o the_o procession_n be_v close_v with_o the_o relation_n and_o friend_n of_o the_o decease_a who_o go_v along_o with_o the_o body_n to_o a_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o city_n where_o it_o be_v to_o remain_v till_o such_o time_n as_o it_o shall_v be_v transfer_v to_o bagdat_n to_o be_v dispose_v near_o their_o imam_n the_o travel_n of_o the_o ambassador_n from_o the_o duke_z of_o holstein_n into_o muscovy_n tartary_n and_o persia_n the_o seven_o book_n have_v give_v a_o account_n in_o the_o precedent_a book_n of_o all_o we_o think_v worthy_a our_o observation_n in_o the_o city_n of_o ispahan_n during_o the_o abode_n we_o make_v there_o as_o also_o of_o all_o we_o can_v learn_v of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o persia_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o their_o manner_n of_o life_n at_o least_o as_o far_o as_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o relation_n of_o our_o travel_n it_o shall_v be_v our_o business_n in_o the_o subsequent_a to_o set_v down_o the_o particular_n of_o 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barbarous_a whereas_o all_o the_o other_o persian_n be_v civil_a and_o oblige_a it_o raise_v a_o apprehension_n in_o some_o that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v those_o order_n purposely_o to_o ruin_v we_o and_o it_o be_v report_v that_o his_o majesty_n be_v incense_v against_o the_o ambassador_n brugman_n who_o in_o several_a occurrence_n have_v demean_v himself_o insolent_o and_o imprudent_o intend_v to_o make_v those_o people_n the_o instrument_n of_o his_o revenge_n upon_o he_o and_o all_o of_o we_o and_o this_o it_o have_v be_v the_o more_o easy_a for_o he_o to_o do_v in_o that_o he_o need_v only_o to_o awaken_v the_o resentment_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o derbent_n and_o scamachie_n who_o the_o ambassador_n brugman_n have_v indiscreet_o affront_v at_o our_o first_o passage_n that_o way_n most_o of_o our_o people_n be_v so_o prepossess_v with_o this_o apprehension_n and_o have_v give_v so_o much_o credit_n to_o the_o report_n which_o be_v spread_v up_o and_o down_o the_o city_n to_o that_o effect_n that_o five_o of_o our_o retinue_n go_v and_o take_v up_o their_o quarter_n with_o lion_n bernoldi_n in_o the_o allacapi_a or_o sanctuary_n to_o wit_n the_o captain_n of_o our_o ship_n michael_n cordes_n his_o mate_n one_o of_o the_o page_n the_o chirurgeon_n who_o afterward_o go_v along_o with_o mandelâ—lo_n into_o the_o indies_n and_o one_o of_o the_o guard_n we_o leave_v ispahan_n on_o the_o 21._o of_o december_n towards_o the_o evening_n most_o of_o the_o english_a merchant_n accompany_v we_o above_o a_o league_n out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o a_o certain_a place_n where_o they_o give_v we_o a_o collation_n decem_fw-la at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o pleasant_a green_a hill_n which_o do_v they_o take_v leave_v of_o we_o and_o return_v to_o the_o city_n ispahan_n the_o same_o night_n we_o travel_v three_o league_n to_o a_o village_n name_v reschman_n where_o we_o contain_v all_o the_o next_o day_n as_o well_o for_o some_o reason_n not_o fit_a to_o be_v discover_v as_o in_o expectation_n of_o the_o poslanick_n or_o muscovian_a envoy_n who_o be_v to_o take_v the_o same_o way_n and_o accompany_v we_o the_o augustine_n father_n of_o ispahan_n and_o f._n ambrose_n prior_n of_o tistis_fw-la come_v thither_o also_o to_o take_v their_o leave_n of_o we_o and_o afterward_o mounseur_fw-fr malon_n the_o most_o considerable_a person_n among_o the_o french_a merchant_n come_v also_o to_o make_v we_o his_o compliment_n mounseur_fw-fr mandelflo_n come_v also_o to_o the_o say_a place_n as_o well_o to_o take_v his_o final_a leave_n of_o we_o as_o to_o acquaint_v we_o that_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n have_v appoint_v imanculi_fw-la sulthan_n eischickagasi_n or_o one_o of_o his_o steward_n for_o the_o embassy_n he_o intend_v to_o send_v to_o his_o highness_n the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n our_o master_n that_o he_o carry_v along_o with_o he_o a_o present_a amount_v to_o five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o crown_n and_o that_o he_o be_v take_v his_o leave_n in_o order_n to_o 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the_o morning_n scamachie_n that_o we_o may_v in_o good_a time_n pass_v over_o the_o mountain_n of_o scamachie_n which_o extend_v itself_o in_o those_o part_n like_o a_o crescent_n towards_o the_o east_n from_o the_o sea_n along_o the_o river_n cyr_n and_o it_o be_v call_v there_o lengebus_fw-la tachi_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o a_o village_n name_v lengebus_fw-la which_o be_v upon_o the_o open_fw-mi of_o the_o mountain_n the_o rain_n which_o be_v then_o so_o cold_a that_o we_o think_v winter_n come_v on_o again_o have_v so_o break_v the_o highway_n that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o sad_a day_n journey_n we_o have_v ever_o since_o our_o first_o set_v forth_o the_o ambassador_n and_o such_o other_o as_o be_v well_o mount_v get_v to_o the_o city_n ere_o daylight_n be_v shut_v
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saffron_n and_o rose-water_n this_o water_n be_v make_v at_o schiras_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o kerman_n either_o by_o infusion_n and_o then_o they_o call_v it_o gul-ab_a whence_o no_o doubt_n the_o word_n julip_n come_v or_o by_o extraction_n in_o a_o still_o and_o then_o they_o call_v it_o areka-gul_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o sweâ—_n of_o rose_n they_o esteem_v the_o former_a incomparable_o beyond_o the_o other_o and_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a commodity_n that_o a_o man_n can_v carry_v to_o the_o indies_n where_o they_o sprinkle_v it_o about_o their_o chamber_n and_o use_v it_o in_o the_o preparation_n of_o perfume_n there_o be_v make_v also_o in_o those_o part_n great_a quantity_n of_o linen-cloth_n but_o the_o weaver_n instead_o of_o do_v their_o work_n in_o loom_n at_o their_o house_n as_o they_o do_v elsewhere_o fasten_v the_o woof_n of_o the_o cloth_n to_o some_o tree_n without_o the_o city_n and_o have_v make_v a_o pit_n in_o the_o ground_n they_o put_v 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upon_o they_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o strict_o search_v the_o ship_n to_o see_v what_o merchandise_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o hollander_n pay_v no_o duty_n according_a to_o a_o privilege_n they_o obtain_v of_o scach-abas_n and_o whereof_o they_o endeavour_v all_o they_o can_v to_o preserve_v the_o enjoyment_n by_o the_o present_v they_o ever_o and_o anon_o make_v to_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o persia_n but_o the_o english_a be_v so_o far_o from_o pay_v any_o thing_n gamron_n that_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o enjoy_v many_o other_o privilege_n and_o exemption_n and_o shall_v by_o right_o receive_v one_o half_a of_o the_o custom_n upon_o what_o account_n we_o shall_v declare_v anon_o but_o they_o have_v hardly_o the_o ten_o part_n allow_v they_o nay_o be_v oblige_v to_o take_v that_o little_a which_o they_o have_v in_o commodity_n and_o this_o the_o persian_n do_v with_o so_o much_o confidence_n and_o so_o open_o that_o they_o stick_v not_o to_o affirm_v when_o they_o be_v surprise_v in_o their_o fraud_n that_o it_o be_v not_o ill_o do_v of_o they_o to_o endeavour_v the_o advantage_n of_o their_o own_o prince_n though_o ever_o so_o much_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o stranger_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v christian_n among_o other_o the_o english_a have_v this_o further_a privilege_n to_o send_v away_o yearly_o out_o of_o persia_n twelve_o horse_n without_o pay_v any_o thing_n whereas_o the_o dutch_a be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v for_o the_o licence_n of_o transportation_n fifty_o crown_n at_o least_o for_o every_o horse_n as_o the_o english_a be_v also_o if_o they_o send_v away_o above_o twelve_o indian_n the_o persian_n who_o have_v a_o great_a advantage_n over_o the_o indian_n in_o this_o respect_n that_o they_o be_v better_o horse_v then_o the_o other_o be_v very_o unwilling_a that_o horse_n shall_v be_v send_v over_o to_o the_o indian_n who_o be_v their_o enemy_n among_o who_o they_o be_v so_o high_o esteem_v that_o a_o ordinary_a horse_n there_o will_v bring_v four_o hundred_o crown_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o gamron_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n persian_n arabian_n or_o indian_n but_o all_o in_o a_o manner_n speak_v the_o portuguez_n language_n which_o they_o learn_v by_o the_o commerce_n they_o have_v have_v with_o that_o nation_n who_o be_v a_o long_a time_n possess_v of_o the_o city_n of_o ormus_n but_o now_o that_o be_v the_o only_a nation_n which_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o come_v to_o gamron_n though_o all_o other_o be_v suffer_v to_o trade_n there_o christian_n and_o jew_n be_v welcome_a thither_o as_o also_o mahometan_n and_o pagan_n but_o ever_o since_o the_o reduction_n of_o ormus_n the_o portuguez_n and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n subject_n be_v not_o admit_v thither_o yet_o these_o last_o be_v suffer_v to_o come_v to_o a_o little_a island_n within_o three_o league_n of_o it_o and_o there_o to_o traffic_v where_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n have_v a_o sulthan_n who_o command_v the_o castle_n receive_v the_o duty_n at_o come_v in_o and_o go_v out_o and_o hinder_v the_o portuguez_n from_o approach_v with_o their_o great_a vessel_n so_o that_o these_o nation_n be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o open_a hostility_n the_o portuguez_n come_v sometime_o with_o their_o frigate_n and_o take_v prize_n even_o in_o sight_n of_o gamron_n and_o often_o land_n party_n in_o the_o neighbour_a island_n the_o city_n of_o ormus_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o island_n describe_v which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o continent_n two_o league_n and_o be_v think_v to_o be_v about_o six_o about_o it_o be_v as_o barren_a as_o the_o country_n about_o gamron_n for_o it_o be_v a_o continue_a rock_n which_o produce_v nothing_o but_o salt_n insomuch_o that_o it_o do_v not_o yield_v even_o fresh_a water_n and_o yet_o its_o haven_n be_v so_o good_a and_o its_o situation_n so_o advantageous_a that_o the_o city_n
become_v so_o eminent_a for_o commerce_n that_o not_o only_o it_o have_v its_o particular_a king_n but_o the_o arabian_n say_v of_o it_o by_o way_n of_o proverb_n that_o if_o the_o universe_n be_v but_o a_o ring_n the_o city_n of_o ormus_n be_v the_o diamond_n that_o shall_v be_v set_v in_o it_o teixera_n say_v that_o scach_n mahomet_n the_o son_n of_o a_o arabian_a king_n who_o live_v in_o the_o ten_o age_n have_v reduce_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n the_o province_n that_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o persian_a gulf_n as_o far_o as_o besra_n pass_v over_o into_o the_o island_n where_o he_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o ormus_n schabedin_n mahomet_n eleven_o king_n of_o ormus_n of_o the_o posterity_n of_o mahomet_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1228._o and_o he_o who_o live_v when_o the_o portuguez_n become_v master_n of_o it_o be_v call_v sâ—yfadin_n and_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o king_n of_o persia._n d._n alfonso_n d'_fw-fr albuquerque_n make_v a_o conquest_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1605_o for_o emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n of_o which_o attempt_n the_o manner_n and_o success_n of_o it_o take_v the_o follow_a account_n tristan_n de_fw-fr cugna_fw-la portuguez_n who_o have_v take_v the_o island_n of_o zocotora_n whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v hereafter_o leave_v certain_a vessel_n under_o the_o command_n of_o albuquerque_n with_o order_n to_o visit_v the_o coast_n of_o arabia_n while_o he_o attempt_v some_o new_a conquest_n in_o the_o indies_n he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a resolution_n think_v his_o only_a course_n to_o settle_v himself_o there_o be_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ormus_n which_o he_o do_v with_o 470._o soldier_n who_o he_o have_v aboard_o his_o fleet._n emanuel_n osorio_n bishop_n of_o selvas_n in_o portugal_n say_v that_o albuquerque_n make_v his_o advantage_n of_o the_o mahometan_a king_n weakness_n who_o then_o reign_v for_o understanding_n that_o the_o principal_a minister_n of_o state_n who_o name_n be_v cojeatar_a a_o foreigner_n a_o native_a of_o bengala_n and_o a_o eunuch_n have_v exasperate_v the_o people_n against_o he_o by_o convert_v the_o public_a revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o own_o profit_n and_o advantage_n have_v leave_v his_o sovereign_n only_o the_o bare_a title_n of_o king_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o strike_v in_o at_o that_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n and_o to_o that_o end_n leave_v zocotora_n upon_o the_o 20._o of_o august_n and_o have_v in_o a_o very_a few_o day_n take_v in_o the_o city_n of_o calaâ—ate_n curiate_n mascate_v soar_n and_o orfassam_n he_o take_v his_o march_n direct_o to_o the_o principal_a city_n to_o which_o he_o come_v the_o 25._o of_o september_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o do_v be_v to_o defeat_v a_o very_a strong_a fleet_n which_o the_o moor_n have_v within_o the_o haven_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v oblige_v the_o king_n to_o come_v to_o a_o capitulation_n by_o which_o the_o king_n of_o ormus_n promise_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n to_o pay_v he_o every_o year_n fifteen_o thousand_o ducat_n as_o a_o tribute_n in_o gold_n silver_n or_o pearl_n and_o five_o thousand_o towards_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o present_a war_n and_o to_o permit_v albuquerque_n to_o build_v a_o citadel_n where_o he_o shall_v think_v most_o convenient_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o city_n the_o portuguez_n begin_v the_o say_a citadel_n on_o the_o 25._o of_o october_n follow_v and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o our_o bless_a lady_n of_o victory_n it_o be_v true_a this_o establishment_n be_v not_o so_o absolute_a at_o the_o beginning_n but_o that_o the_o moor_n make_v some_o attempt_n to_o rid_v themselves_o of_o these_o new_a guest_n but_o the_o portuguez_n make_v a_o shift_n to_o maintain_v what_o they_o have_v get_v and_o to_o make_v the_o place_n they_o be_v in_o a_o magazine_n of_o arm_n for_o the_o indies_n take_v occasion_n by_o that_o mean_n to_o engross_v all_o the_o commerce_n to_o themselves_o and_o oblige_v all_o the_o persian_n and_o arabian_n to_o buy_v of_o they_o all_o those_o commodity_n which_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o from_o the_o indian_n nay_o this_o be_v so_o rigorous_o observe_v that_o the_o governor_n of_o ormus_n prohibit_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o sell_v any_o of_o their_o commodity_n till_o such_o time_n as_o he_o have_v sell_v his_o own_o the_o permit_v seyfadin_n to_o live_v in_o the_o island_n but_o at_o a_o certain_a place_n far_o enough_o from_o the_o citadel_n so_o not_o to_o give_v the_o portuguez_n any_o occasion_n of_o jealousy_n scach_v abas_n king_n of_o persia_n be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o portuguez_n and_o very_o much_o incense_v at_o their_o receive_n into_o protection_n the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o gabrieli_fw-it who_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o elsewhere_o bethink_v himself_o of_o some_o course_n to_o get_v these_o foreigner_n out_o of_o those_o part_n to_o effect_v this_o he_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o english_a who_o trade_v at_o ormus_n and_o by_o the_o advantageous_a proffer_n that_o he_o make_v oblige_v they_o to_o promise_v he_o all_o the_o assistance_n they_o can_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o city_n which_o be_v assault_v and_o take_v by_o the_o english_a in_o the_o year_n 1622._o they_o put_v both_o the_o city_n and_o citadel_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n who_o find_v in_o it_o six_o hundred_o great_a gun_n some_o iron_n some_o brass_n which_o scach_n abas_n cause_v to_o be_v transport_v to_o laar_n and_o ispahan_n all_o but_o fourscore_o piece_n which_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o citadel_n he_o cause_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n to_o be_v demolish_v and_o the_o material_n thereof_o to_o be_v translate_v to_o gamron_n which_o begin_v even_o at_o that_o time_n to_o raise_v itself_o upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o its_o neighbour_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n desirous_a to_o reward_v the_o service_n which_o the_o english_a have_v do_v he_o upon_o that_o occasion_n do_v not_o only_o grant_v they_o a_o absolute_a exemption_n from_o all_o imposition_n but_o he_o also_o bestow_v on_o they_o one_o moiety_n of_o those_o duty_n which_o other_o merchant_n be_v to_o pay_v there_o but_o as_o we_o say_v before_o the_o english_a come_v very_o far_o short_a of_o receive_v what_o be_v due_a to_o they_o i_o find_v in_o the_o port_n of_o gamron_n a_o english_a ship_n call_v the_o swan_n of_o 300._o tun_n carry_v 24._o gun_n master_n honywood_n agent_n for_o the_o affair_n of_o england_n recommend_v i_o to_o the_o captain_n of_o it_o and_o command_v he_o to_o carry_v i_o over_o to_o the_o indies_n and_o to_o defray_v all_o my_o charge_n till_o i_o come_v to_o suratta_n i_o have_v bring_v eight_o horse_n with_o i_o make_v account_n to_o sell_v they_o with_o very_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o indies_n but_o the_o ship_n be_v so_o full_a of_o good_n that_o it_o be_v with_o much_o ado_n that_o i_o can_v get_v in_o only_o two_o of_o they_o so_o that_o i_o be_v force_v to_o put_v off_o the_o other_o six_o to_o very_o great_a loss_n as_o be_v able_a to_o get_v but_o thirty_o pound_n for_o those_o which_o have_v cost_v i_o sixty_o pound_n at_o ispahan_n and_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v sell_v at_o above_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pound_n at_o suratta_n i_o embark_v the_o six_o of_o april_n april_n with_o mr._n manley_n and_o mr._n hall_n english_a merchant_n who_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o english_a at_o suratta_n have_v order_v to_o come_v from_o ispahan_n suratta_n about_o some_o business_n concern_v the_o company_n and_o go_v aboard_o accompany_v by_o most_o of_o the_o stranger_n that_o be_v at_o gamron_n as_o also_o many_o indian_a merchant_n with_o who_o i_o have_v upon_o some_o occasion_n make_v acquaintance_n the_o captain_n order_v four_o piece_n to_o be_v fire_v at_o our_o come_n aboard_o and_o receive_v we_o with_o much_o civility_n invite_v we_o it_o be_v then_o about_o noon_n to_o dine_v with_o he_o we_o go_v from_o gamron_n to_o suratta_n in_o nineteen_o day_n during_o which_o the_o captain_n treat_v i_o very_o magnificent_o and_o do_v i_o the_o honour_n to_o resign_v his_o own_o bed_n to_o i_o and_o to_o give_v i_o precedence_n upon_o all_o occasion_n he_o be_v well_o furnish_v with_o fowl_n mutton_n and_o other_o fresh_a meat_n but_o above_o all_o thing_n with_o excellent_a good_a sack_n english_a beer_n french_a wine_n arak_fw-mi and_o other_o refreshment_n which_o prove_v so_o well_o for_o i_o that_o by_o the_o help_n of_o these_o good_a cordial_n and_o the_o benefit_n i_o have_v by_o the_o drink_n of_o ptizanne_n which_o i_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v with_o cinnamon_n and_o rind_n of_o pomegranate_n at_o my_o
province_n of_o bakor_n lie_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o ganges_n bakor_n its_o chief_a city_n be_v call_v bikameer_n the_o province_n of_o narvar_n narvar_n the_o metropolis_n whereof_o be_v call_v gehud_o have_v run_v through_o it_o a_o most_o noble_a river_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o ganges_n the_o province_n of_o nagracut_n nagracut_n or_o nakarkut_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o northerly_a province_n of_o the_o mogul_n country_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o from_o which_o it_o have_v the_o name_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o a_o sumptuous_a chapel_n the_o floor_n whereof_o be_v cover_v with_o plate_n of_o gold_n the_o effigy_n of_o a_o animal_n or_o rather_o a_o monster_n call_v matta_n which_o bring_v thither_o every_o year_n a_o great_a number_n of_o indian_n who_o go_v to_o do_v their_o devotion_n there_o and_o offer_v unto_o it_o a_o little_a snip_n which_o they_o cut_v out_o of_o their_o own_o tongue_n in_o this_o same_o province_n be_v the_o city_n of_o kalamaka_n famous_a for_o its_o pilgrimage_n which_o be_v the_o more_o frequent_a there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flame_n cast_v forth_o by_o the_o cold_a spring_n as_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n which_o flame_v the_o inhabitant_n adore_v the_o province_n of_o siba_n siba_n whereof_o the_o metropolis_n be_v hardwari_fw-la give_v its_o rise_n to_o the_o river_n ganges_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n imagine_v that_o the_o rock_n out_o of_o which_o it_o issue_v have_v a_o cow_n head_n for_o which_o beast_n they_o have_v a_o certain_a veneration_n and_o that_o there_o be_v somewhat_o divine_a in_o that_o production_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o bathe_v themselves_o every_o day_n in_o the_o river_n this_o province_n be_v no_o less_o mountainous_a than_o that_o of_o nakarkut_o though_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o towards_o the_o north._n kakares_n kakares_n the_o principal_a city_n whereof_o be_v dankaler_n and_o binsola_n be_v a_o very_a spacious_a province_n but_o very_o full_a of_o mountain_n mount_v caucasus_n lie_v between_o it_o and_o tartary_n the_o province_n of_o gor_o gor._n which_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v also_o full_a of_o mountain_n and_o give_v its_o rise_n to_o the_o river_n perselis_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o ganges_n the_o province_n of_o pitan_n pitan_n or_o partan_a and_o its_o chief_a city_n which_o give_v it_o the_o name_n have_v run_v through_o they_o the_o river_n kanda_n which_o also_o fall_v into_o the_o ganges_n this_o be_v also_o a_o very_a mountainous_a province_n and_o have_v on_o the_o west_n of_o it_o that_o of_o jamba_n the_o river_n iderclis_n divide_v the_o province_n of_o kanduana_n kanduana_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v karaeh_n by_o some_o call_v katene_n from_o that_o of_o pitan_n this_o province_n and_o that_o of_o gor_o be_v the_o further-most_a of_o the_o mogul_n territory_n towards_o the_o north._n the_o province_n of_o porena_n be_v as_o fruitful_a as_o the_o two_o last_o name_v be_v barren_a porena_n it_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n of_o ganges_n perselis_n gemini_fw-la and_o candach_n and_o be_v so_o call_v from_o its_o chief_a city_n the_o city_n of_o rajapore_n jewal_n or_o reyapor_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n of_o jewal_n the_o province_n of_o mevat_a mevat_fw-la the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v call_v narnol_n be_v a_o country_n barren_a enough_o reach_v from_o the_o ganges_n eastward_o the_o province_n of_o voessa_n voessa_n or_o voeza_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v jascanat_n be_v the_o uttermost_a province_n of_o the_o mogul_n kingdom_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o province_n of_o bengala_n may_v no_o doubt_n be_v number_v among_o the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o the_o country_n bengala_n give_v its_o name_n to_o the_o gulf_n into_o which_o the_o ganges_n disembogue_n itself_o by_o four_o several_a channel_n or_o mouth_n it_o be_v principal_a city_n be_v raymebel_n kaka_n or_o daeca_n philipatan_n and_o satigam_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o many_o other_o lesser_a province_n the_o most_o considerable_a whereof_o be_v puna_n and_o palan_n from_o which_o several_a king_n have_v not_o think_v it_o much_o to_o assume_v their_o title_n texeira_n in_o his_o description_n of_o persia_n speak_v of_o certain_a province_n of_o the_o indies_n name_n that_o of_o vtrat_n with_o its_o chief_a city_n but_o he_o only_o name_v it_o without_o give_v any_o account_n of_o its_o situation_n he_o speak_v also_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o caeche_n and_o say_v it_o be_v considerable_a for_o the_o race-horse_n it_o breed_v near_o cambaya_n towards_o the_o north_n but_o certain_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o province_n of_o candisch_n before_o speak_v of_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o mogul_n country_n country_n from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v about_o six_o hundred_o league_n and_o from_o north_n to_o south_n about_o seven_o hundred_o french_a league_n since_o its_o uttermost_a frontier_n towards_o the_o south_n be_v at_o twenty_o and_o the_o furthermost_a towards_o the_o north_n at_o forty_o three_o degree_n as_o concern_v the_o province_n of_o gusuratta_n gususatta_n which_o the_o portuguez_n improper_o call_v cambaya_n it_o lie_v all_o along_o the_o seaside_n extend_v itself_o much_o like_o a_o peninsula_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v on_o both_o side_n a_o gulf_n or_o bay_n one_o whereof_o be_v eight_o league_n broad_a at_o the_o entrance_n and_o grow_v narrow_a and_o narrow_a for_o forty_o league_n thence_o the_o land_n extend_v itself_o westward_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o northward_o it_o have_v the_o province_n of_o soret_n quismer_n and_o bando_n eastward_o those_o of_o chitor_n and_o kandish_n and_o southward_o the_o kingdom_n of_o decan_n heretofore_o its_o frontier_n reach_v along_o the_o sea-coast_n as_o far_o as_o gualor_n eight_o day_n journey_n beyond_o amadabat_n and_o southward_o as_o far_o as_o daman_n but_o though_o its_o extent_n be_v not_o so_o vast_a at_o present_a as_o it_o have_v be_v extent_n yet_o it_o be_v now_o a_o very_a great_a province_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o reach_v above_o sixscore_o league_n along_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o comprehend_v above_o twenty_o thousand_o city_n town_n and_o inhabit_v village_n beside_o the_o place_n which_o be_v lay_v desolate_a some_o year_n since_o by_o war_n or_o famine_n it_o be_v principal_a city_n most_o whereof_o be_v maritime_a city_n be_v surat_n broitschia_n gandee_a goga_n cambaya_n diu_n patepatane_n mangalor_n gondore_fw-la nassary_n gandivi_fw-la balsara_n or_o belsera_n the_o city_n of_o hamed-ewad_a or_o amadabat_n which_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n be_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o principal_a river_n of_o this_o province_n be_v the_o nadabat_n river_n which_o pass_v by_o broitschia_n the_o tapta_n and_o the_o wasset_n beside_o these_o convenience_n it_o have_v two_o of_o the_o best_a port_n in_o all_o the_o indies_n port_n which_o be_v that_o of_o the_o come_v of_o suhaly_n to_o wit_n that_o of_o surat_n and_o that_o of_o cambaia_n there_o be_v no_o province_n in_o all_o the_o indies_n more_o fertile_a than_o gusuratta_n fertility_n nor_o any_o that_o afford_v more_o fruit_n and_o provision_n which_o grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n there_o that_o all_o the_o neighbour_a province_n be_v thence_o supply_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1640._o the_o great_a drought_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o continual_a rain_v reduce_v it_o to_o so_o deplorable_a a_o condition_n that_o the_o particular_a account_n may_v be_v give_v thereof_o will_v deprive_v the_o reader_n of_o the_o diversion_n which_o it_o be_v our_o design_n to_o find_v he_o in_o this_o relation_n but_o the_o province_n have_v since_o that_o time_n well_o recover_v itself_o of_o that_o desolation_n yet_o not_o so_o as_o but_o the_o mark_n of_o it_o may_v be_v see_v every_o where_o but_o to_o prosecute_v our_o relation_n as_o to_o what_o happen_v to_o i_o during_o my_o stay_n at_o surat_n while_o i_o be_v at_o ispahan_n continue_v have_v fix_v my_o resolution_n to_o travel_v into_o the_o indies_n i_o take_v into_o my_o service_n a_o persian_a who_o be_v to_o serve_v i_o as_o a_o interpreter_n for_o the_o turkish_a and_o persian_a language_n which_o i_o then_o begin_v a_o little_a to_o understand_v he_o be_v bear_v of_o christian_a parent_n his_o father_n and_o mother_n have_v be_v of_o those_o who_o scach-abas_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v translate_v from_o georgia_n to_o ispahan_n where_o his_o brethren_n then_o live_v in_o good_a rank_n which_o consideration_n oblige_v i_o to_o treat_v he_o with_o the_o great_a civility_n and_o to_o promise_v he_o by_o way_n of_o wage_n four_o crown_n a_o month_n he_o have_v make_v i_o believe_v that_o his_o engage_v himself_o into_o my_o service_n be_v partly_o out_o of_o this_o respect_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o have_v the_o convenience_n of_o re-imbracing_a
couteval_fw-fr or_o king_n lieutenant_n have_v give_v he_o by_o way_n of_o present_a about_o 15._o penny_n for_o every_o waggon_n and_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o all_o foreigner_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v and_o trade_n in_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n those_o only_o except_v which_o be_v prohibit_v as_o gunpowder_n lead_v and_o salt-peter_n which_o may_v not_o be_v transport_v without_o the_o governor_n permission_n but_o that_o it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o obtain_v make_v but_o a_o slender_a acknowledgement_n of_o his_o favour_n therein_o the_o city_n of_o amadabat_n comprehend_v within_o its_o territory_n twenty_o five_o great_a town_n and_o two_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o ninety_o and_o eight_o village_n revenue_n so_o as_o that_o the_o revenue_n thereof_o amount_v to_o above_o six_o million_o of_o crown_n whereof_o the_o governor_n have_v the_o disposal_n and_o therewith_o maintain_v the_o soldier_n who_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v for_o the_o king_n service_n especial_o against_o robber_n upon_o the_o highway_n though_o many_o time_n he_o protect_v they_o and_o divide_v the_o booty_n with_o they_o the_o couteval_n who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n command_v under_o the_o sulthan_n and_o mannage_n the_o political_a government_n nay_o meddle_v also_o with_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n joint_o with_o the_o kasi_n or_o ordinary_a judge_n the_o mogul_n have_v there_o also_o several_a other_o officer_n who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v controller_n and_o supervisor_n of_o those_o we_o last_o name_v the_o day_n follow_v i_o spend_v in_o see_v the_o sepulcher_n which_o be_v about_o the_o city_n and_o among_o other_o kasi_n particular_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o village_n of_o zirkees_n about_o a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o amadabat_n it_o be_v the_o work_n of_o a_o king_n of_o guzuratta_n build_v by_o he_o to_o the_o memory_n of_o a_o kasi_n who_o have_v be_v his_o praeceptor_n and_o be_v grow_v very_o famous_a 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he_o see_v such_o abundance_n of_o they_o that_o he_o may_v well_o think_v he_o be_v go_v into_o a_o forest_n among_o other_o thing_n i_o take_v particular_a notice_n of_o the_o highway_n which_o they_o call_v bascaban_n and_o lead_v to_o a_o village_n six_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o city_n it_o be_v so_o straight_o that_o it_o shall_v seem_v they_o take_v a_o great_a pleasure_n in_o plant_v the_o tree_n about_o it_o whereof_o there_o be_v a_o double_a row_n on_o both_o side_n upon_o a_o straight_a line_n they_o be_v cocos-tree_n which_o at_o all_o time_n refresh_v traveller_n with_o their_o shade_n but_o this_o road_n come_v nothing_o near_o that_o which_o go_v from_o agra_n to_o barampour_n together_o which_o make_v but_o one_o continue_a ally_n for_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o germane_a league_n together_o all_o these_o tree_n lodge_v and_o feed_v a_o incredible_a
of_o those_o grandee_n who_o have_v high_o express_v their_o dissatisfaction_n with_o his_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n and_o consider_v with_o himself_o that_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o more_o powerful_a protection_n make_v his_o application_n to_o achobar_n the_o mogul_n or_o king_n of_o indosthan_n and_o entreat_v he_o to_o come_v in_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o ward_n promise_v to_o deliver_v up_o amadabath_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o his_o hand_n achobar_n think_v it_o no_o prudence_n to_o neglect_v so_o favourable_a a_o occasion_n and_o so_o immediate_o enter_v guzuratta_n with_o a_o powerful_a army_n but_o instead_o of_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o city_n of_o amadabath_n he_o become_v absolute_a master_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o carry_v away_o madofher_o and_o his_o guardian_n prisoner_n to_o agra_n madofher_o be_v come_v to_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n and_o beginning_n to_o reflect_v on_o the_o misfortune_n of_o 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throat_n the_o mogul_n govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o guzuratta_n by_o a_o viceroy_n guzuratta_n or_o governor_n general_n who_o have_v his_o ordinary_a residence_n at_o amadabath_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o all_o the_o other_o governor_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o their_o administration_n and_o to_o receive_v order_n from_o he_o his_o power_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n absolute_a for_o though_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o civil_a cause_n as_o also_o when_o he_o consult_v about_o affair_n of_o importance_n he_o advise_v with_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n and_o of_o his_o court_n yet_o can_v it_o not_o be_v say_v that_o he_o have_v any_o settle_a council_n but_o take_v their_o proposal_n rather_o to_o discover_v their_o sentiment_n then_o to_o follow_v they_o insomuch_o that_o if_o his_o employment_n be_v settle_v for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o year_n he_o will_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o envy_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o mogul_n himself_o but_o this_o government_n depend_v mere_o on_o the_o king_n pleasure_n who_o take_v occasion_n often_o to_o change_v the_o governor_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o know_v that_o the_o least_o order_n from_o the_o court_n may_v dispossess_v they_o let_v slip_v no_o occasion_n of_o make_v their_o advantage_n and_o receive_v from_o all_o hand_n especial_o near_o the_o time_n they_o expect_v to_o be_v recall_v for_o than_o they_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o get_v excessive_a sum_n of_o money_n out_o of_o the_o rich_a merchant_n in_o the_o country_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o amadabath_n who_o be_v force_v to_o clear_v themselves_o of_o false_a accusation_n which_o they_o have_v not_o be_v charge_v withal_o but_o to_o squeeze_v they_o of_o some_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n inasmuch_o as_o the_o governor_n be_v supreme_a judge_n of_o all_o cause_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o criminal_a they_o must_v either_o expect_v certain_a destruction_n or_o satisfy_v the_o governor_n avarice_n there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o europe_n have_v so_o noble_a a_o court_n as_o the_o governor_n of_o guzuratta_n magnificence_n nor_o any_o that_o appear_v in_o public_a with_o great_a magnificence_n he_o never_o come_v abroad_o but_o he_o be_v attend_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o his_o guard_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n have_v march_v before_o he_o a_o great_a many_o elephant_n with_o their_o cover_a clothes_n of_o brocadoe_n or_o velvet_n embroider_v banner_n drum_n trumpet_n and_o timbrel_n in_o his_o palace_n he_o be_v serve_v as_o a_o king_n and_o permit_v not_o any_o to_o come_v within_o his_o lodging_n till_o they_o have_v demand_v audience_n kingdom_n he_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o all_o the_o levy_n and_o imposition_n which_o be_v make_v in_o his_o government_n so_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o become_v master_n of_o incredible_a wealth_n especial_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o all_o the_o arable_a land_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o governor_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o body_n of_o horse_n which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o defray_v but_o comâ—s_v much_o short_a of_o the_o number_n it_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o guzuratta_n amount_v heretofore_o to_o eighteen_o million_o of_o gold_n to_o not_o account_v the_o custom_n of_o brodra_n and_o broitschia_n which_o bring_v in_o yearly_a near_o eight_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n this_o country_n have_v no_o enemy_n it_o need_v stand_v in_o feâ—r_n of_o but_o the_o mountain_n of_o those_o part_n be_v the_o retire_a place_n of_o certain_a radias_n or_o petty_a prince_n who_o live_v only_o upon_o rapine_n and_o the_o incursion_n their_o subject_n make_v upon_o the_o mogul_n territory_n who_o with_o all_o his_o great_a power_n be_v not_o able_a to_o force_v they_o out_o of_o those_o inaccessible_a place_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v also_o certain_a company_n of_o robber_n or_o tory_n who_o sometime_o make_v up_o a_o body_n of_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o man_n to_o rob_v upon_o the_o highway_n insomuch_o that_o travel_v can_v be_v without_o danger_n unless_o so_o many_o travel_n together_o as_o can_v in_o some_o measure_n make_v their_o party_n good_a against_o the_o attempt_n of_o those_o villain_n who_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o easy_o defeat_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o have_a no_o fire-arme_n the_o couteval_n be_v he_o who_o judge_n of_o affair_n of_o lesser_a consequence_n justice._n but_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n among_o they_o be_v very_o pleasant_a in_o as_o much_o as_o he_o who_o complain_v first_o most_o common_o get_v the_o better_a of_o it_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v among_o they_o according_a to_o the_o proverb_n that_o who_o bear_v away_o the_o blow_n pay_v for_o the_o bloud-whip_n capital_a crime_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o several_a city_n who_o cause_n their_o sentence_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n by_o the_o couteval_n there_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n no_o crime_n whereof_o a_o man_n may_v not_o avoid_v the_o punishment_n by_o money_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o those_o part_n with_o great_a reason_n than_o of_o any_o other_o that_o gibbet_n be_v set_v 〈◊〉_d only_o for_o the_o unfortunate_a the_o crime_n punish_v with_o great_a severity_n be_v murder_n and_o adultery_n especial_o when_o it_o happen_v to_o have_v be_v commit_v with_o a_o gentlewoman_n of_o any_o quality_n upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v that_o they_o permit_v brothel-house_n all_o which_o pay_v a_o certain_a tribute_n to_o the_o couteval_n who_o in_o requital_n protect_v they_o so_o well_o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o safe_a but_o also_o honourable_a for_o any_o man_n to_o frequent_v they_o we_o have_v already_o give_v a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o guzuratta_n guzuratta_n as_o amadabath_n cambaya_n surat_n brodra_n broitschia_n etc_n etc_n all_o which_o we_o pass_v through_o in_o our_o travel_n so_o that_o it_o remain_v only_o that_o we_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o other_o more_o inconsiderable_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n goga_n goga_n be_v a_o small_a city_n or_o rather_o a_o great_a village_n thirty_o league_n distant_a from_o cambayâ—_n at_o a_o place_n where_o the_o gulf_n be_v so_o narrow_a that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o river_n this_o place_n be_v sufficient_o well_o people_v and_o most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v benjan_o and_o live_v either_o by_o their_o relation_n to_o the_o sea_n or_o by_o weave_v it_o have_v neither_o gate_n nor_o bulwark_n but_o only_o a_o freestone_n wall_n towards_o the_o seaside_n where_o the_o portuguez_n frigate_n have_v their_o rendezvous_n in_o order_n to_o the_o convey_n of_o their_o merchantman_n to_o goa_n pattepatane_n and_o mangerol_n mangerol_n be_v two_o great_a town_n nine_o
which_o differ_v from_o the_o sovereign_n only_o in_o time_n as_o that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v many_o lord_n to_o gratify_v with_o a_o employment_n which_o enrich_v they_o sufficient_o in_o that_o time_n for_o beside_o that_o his_o whole_a court_n lie_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n he_o have_v the_o disposal_n of_o all_o his_o revenue_n and_o every_o year_n make_v a_o visit_n for_o sixty_o or_o eighty_o league_n about_o which_o be_v worth_a to_o he_o very_o much_o but_o the_o present_n which_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o the_o governor_n and_o under_o officer_n make_v he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v value_v he_o have_v his_o council_n of_o state_n and_o his_o court_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n he_o be_v absolute_a judge_n in_o all_o civil_a cause_n the_o most_o important_a only_o except_v wherein_o there_o may_v appeal_v be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n criminal_a sentence_n be_v execute_v there_o notwithstanding_o the_o appeal_n but_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o viceroy_n power_n to_o indict_v a_o gentleman_n but_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o send_v he_o with_o the_o information_n bring_v in_o against_o he_o to_o portugal_n unless_o the_o king_n order_n some_o other_o course_n to_o be_v take_v with_o he_o the_o viceroy_n at_o his_o arrival_n into_o the_o indies_n land_n in_o the_o island_n of_o bard_n or_o some_o other_o haven_n on_o that_o side_n whence_o he_o immediate_o send_v his_o agent_n to_o goa_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o his_o charge_n and_o what_o ever_o depend_v on_o it_o his_o predecessor_n make_v way_n for_o he_o upon_o the_o first_o news_n he_o receive_v of_o his_o arrival_n unfurnish_v the_o palace_n and_o leave_v he_o only_o the_o guard_n and_o the_o bare_a wall_n thus_o much_o we_o think_v fit_a to_o say_v of_o the_o city_n of_o goa_n january_n 22._o about_o noon_n voyage_n the_o precedent_n send_v away_o the_o two_o ship_n which_o come_v along_o with_o we_o from_o surat_n and_o be_v to_o carry_v thither_o the_o money_n which_o have_v be_v receive_v at_o goa_n and_o after_o he_o have_v dismiss_v certain_a jesuit_n and_o several_a other_o person_n of_o quality_n of_o goa_n who_o be_v come_v to_o visit_v he_o aboard_o we_o hoist_v sail_v yet_o expect_v to_o come_v aboard_o our_o ship_n the_o general_n of_o the_o dutch_a fleet_n who_o name_n be_v van_n kenlen_n who_o have_v entreat_v he_o to_o convey_v some_o letter_n to_o his_o superior_n but_o he_o come_v not_o in_o the_o evening_n we_o see_v all_o the_o dutch_a fleet_n under_o sail_n whence_o we_o imagine_v that_o the_o general_n intend_v to_o give_v we_o a_o visit_n but_o with_o the_o night_n we_o lose_v sight_n of_o they_o and_o have_v a_o reasonable_a good_a wind_n keep_v on_o our_o course_n jan._n 23._o at_o break_v of_o day_n we_o have_v a_o sight_n of_o the_o dutch_a fleet_n again_o and_o then_o we_o conceive_v they_o be_v go_v to_o relieve_v the_o king_n of_o ceylon_n who_o have_v entreat_v the_o general_n to_o assist_v he_o against_o the_o portuguez_n who_o have_v declare_v war_n against_o he_o about_o noon_n we_o be_v at_o thirteen_o degree_n latitude_n and_o out_o of_o sight_n of_o land_n but_o in_o regard_n we_o intend_v to_o go_v towards_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n upon_o intelligence_n bring_v we_o that_o a_o english_a ship_n come_v from_o bantam_n rich_o load_v with_o spice_n have_v be_v set_v upon_o and_o spoil_v by_o the_o malabar_n pirate_n the_o next_o day_n we_o change_v our_o course_n and_o take_v it_o more_o eastward_o so_o to_o get_v towards_o the_o land_n the_o malabar_n have_v take_v their_o advantage_n of_o the_o condition_n that_o ship_n be_v in_o which_o be_v so_o overburdened_a that_o she_o can_v make_v use_n of_o but_o six_o gun_n they_o find_v indeed_o no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o enter_v she_o but_o they_o be_v no_o soon_o in_o ere_o the_o english_a send_v above_o six_o hundred_o of_o they_o with_o the_o upper_a deck_n into_o the_o sea_n they_o dispatch_v as_o many_o with_o the_o second_o but_o afterward_o be_v themselves_o force_v to_o go_v to_o the_o stern_a to_o avoid_v the_o fire_n they_o yield_v to_o the_o malabar_n who_o with_o the_o ship_n take_v the_o captain_n the_o master_n mate_n the_o clerk_n and_o fourteen_o other_o who_o we_o intend_v to_o redeem_v about_o noon_n we_o pass_v in_o sight_n of_o monteleone_n monteleone_n a_o high_a mountain_n from_o which_o the_o malabar_n discover_v at_o a_o distance_n the_o vessel_n they_o conceive_v they_o may_v set_v upon_o with_o advantage_n and_o at_o night_n we_o come_v to_o the_o haven_n of_o cananor_n where_o we_o find_v three_o english_a vessel_n the_o dragon_n the_o catharine_n and_o the_o seymour_n command_v by_o captain_n weddell_n one_o of_o the_o most_o experience_a sea-captain_n of_o his_o time_n one_o that_o have_v be_v at_o the_o take_n of_o ormus_n and_o be_v then_o entertain_v into_o the_o service_n of_o a_o new_a company_n erect_v not_o long_o before_o in_o england_n for_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o indies_n have_v fire_v some_o gun_n to_o salute_v the_o castle_n we_o send_v to_o captain_n weddell_n to_o know_v what_o condition_n the_o english_a prisoner_n be_v in_o and_o hear_v they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o set_v at_o liberty_n we_o will_v stay_v no_o long_o on_o that_o coast._n the_o portuguez_n have_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o cananor_n malabar_n but_o the_o city_n be_v inhabit_v by_o malabars_n they_o call_v by_o that_o name_n all_o those_o people_n who_o live_v upon_o that_o coast_n from_o the_o city_n of_o goa_n as_o far_o as_o the_o cape_n of_o comory_n or_o comorin_n the_o country_n be_v very_o fertile_a and_o bring_v forth_o abundance_n of_o spice_n but_o particular_o the_o best_a pepper_n in_o the_o indies_n which_o be_v most_o esteem_v because_o the_o grain_n of_o it_o be_v big_a than_o it_o be_v any_o where_o else_o even_o then_o that_o which_o grow_v in_o sumatra_n and_o java_n the_o inhabitant_n go_v stark_o naked_a cover_v only_o those_o part_n which_o nature_n will_v not_o have_v see_v even_o in_o beast_n they_o make_v hole_n in_o the_o tip_n of_o their_o ear_n and_o be_v black_a but_o have_v not_o such_o great_a lip_n as_o the_o moor_n of_o africa_n they_o tie_v up_o their_o hair_n together_o upon_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n and_o let_v their_o beard_n grow_v to_o the_o full_a length_n without_o any_o order_n or_o trim_v in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o be_v not_o unlike_o those_o figure_n under_o which_o we_o will_v represent_v the_o devil_n nor_o be_v their_o disposition_n unsuitable_a to_o this_o pleasant_a external_a shape_n for_o they_o understand_v nothing_o of_o civility_n nor_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o commerce_n or_o conversation_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n pirate_n and_o soldier_n who_o may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v rashness_n rather_o than_o courage_n and_o be_v expert_a enough_o in_o the_o handle_n of_o their_o arm_n which_o be_v sword_n and_o buckler_n bow_n and_o arrow_n they_o make_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o musket_n themselves_o and_o use_v they_o with_o advantage_n they_o obey_v neither_o the_o king_n of_o cuncam_n nor_o the_o viceroy_n of_o goa_n but_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a king_n or_o prince_n who_o also_o perform_v the_o function_n of_o highpriest_n and_o be_v of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o brahmin_n these_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a enemy_n the_o portuguez_n meet_v with_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o establishment_n in_o the_o indies_n but_o ever_o since_o they_o make_v a_o treaty_n with_o they_o they_o have_v live_v in_o very_o good_a correspondence_n cananor_n their_o prince_n who_o they_o call_v zamorin_n be_v also_o king_n of_o calicuth_n upon_o the_o same_o coast._n in_o the_o year_n 1604._o the_o dutch_a make_v a_o treaty_n with_o he_o for_o the_o freedom_n of_o trade_n but_o the_o portuguez_n come_v to_o be_v more_o powerful_a in_o those_o part_n and_o the_o dutch_a find_v it_o easy_a to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o other_o place_n where_o they_o continue_v their_o trade_n with_o great_a advantage_n they_o have_v neglect_v the_o friendship_n of_o these_o barbarian_n i_o observe_v at_o cananor_n that_o there_o be_v some_o man_n among_o they_o who_o never_o pare_v their_o nail_n and_o that_o there_o be_v other_o who_o wear_v bracelet_n and_o ring_n about_o their_o arm_n these_o be_v the_o gentry_n of_o the_o country_n who_o they_o call_v nayre_n that_o they_o may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o person_n of_o mean_a condition_n who_o they_o call_v polyas_n the_o nayre_n be_v very_o proud_a and_o conceit_v of_o themselves_o and_o permit_v not_o the_o polyas_n so_o much_o as_o to_o touch_v they_o they_o always_o go_v with_o their_o sword_n and_o buckler_n wherewith_o they_o make_v a_o noise_n in_o the_o street_n as_o they_o go_v and_o perpetual_o cry_v out_o po_n po_n that_o people_n
grey_a every_o order_n have_v its_o general_n who_o they_o call_v tricon_n who_o live_v in_o the_o city_n of_o xuntien_n he_o have_v under_o he_o provincial_n who_o make_v visitation_n within_o their_o several_a jurisdiction_n to_o see_v that_o there_o be_v a_o observance_n of_o discipline_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o remission_n of_o the_o rigour_n require_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o order_n these_o have_v also_o the_o nomination_n of_o superior_n and_o guardian_n in_o the_o several_a monastery_n the_o general_n continue_v in_o that_o dignity_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v and_o when_o he_o die_v the_o king_n name_v his_o successor_n make_v choice_n of_o he_o among_o those_o who_o be_v most_o deserve_v he_o be_v clothe_v in_o silk_n but_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n as_o be_v wear_v by_o the_o religious_a man_n of_o the_o order_n and_o never_o go_v out_o of_o his_o own_o house_n without_o a_o retinue_n of_o four_o religious_a man_n who_o carry_v he_o in_o a_o ivory_n chair_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n he_o have_v a_o particular_a seal_n for_o such_o affair_n as_o concern_v his_o order_n and_o his_o religious_a man_n never_o speak_v to_o he_o but_o on_o their_o knee_n the_o king_n allow_v he_o what_o may_v keep_v a_o plentiful_a house_n and_o contribute_v also_o to_o the_o subsistence_n of_o the_o monk_n in_o the_o monastery_n and_o if_o they_o want_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o liberality_n of_o private_a person_n the_o religious_a man_n be_v all_o clad_v in_o serge_n and_o all_o after_o the_o same_o fashion_n save_v that_o they_o be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o colour_n bead_n they_o all_o shave_v their_o head_n and_o beard_n they_o use_v bead_n and_o say_v their_o matin_n and_o other_o office_n much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o our_o monk_n in_o europe_n do_v those_o who_o enter_v into_o the_o monastery_n make_v a_o feast_n for_o all_o the_o monk_n but_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o family_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o take_v the_o habit_n in_o regard_n the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n forbid_v it_o and_o will_v have_v he_o to_o be_v the_o comfort_n and_o support_v of_o the_o weak_a and_o decrepit_a age_n of_o his_o father_n their_o vow_n be_v not_o indispensable_a but_o they_o may_v quit_v the_o monastery_n and_o marry_v the_o chinese_n observe_v at_o their_o funeral_n the_o follow_a ceremony_n ceremony_n assoon_o as_o any_o person_n be_v decease_v they_o wash_v the_o body_n put_v about_o he_o his_o best_a clothes_n well_o perfume_v and_o set_v he_o in_o the_o big_a chair_n they_o can_v find_v in_o the_o house_n that_o do_v the_o wife_n child_n brother_n sister_n and_o afterward_o all_o the_o relation_n kneel_v down_o before_o he_o and_o take_v their_o leave_n of_o he_o that_o ceremony_n over_o they_o put_v he_o into_o a_o coffin_n of_o sweet-wood_n well_o close_v and_o set_v he_o upon_o a_o table_n or_o two_o trestle_n and_o they_o cover_v he_o with_o a_o hearse-cloth_n reach_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o they_o draw_v the_o picture_n of_o the_o decease_a they_o leave_v he_o in_o that_o posture_n fifteen_o day_n during_o which_o time_n in_o some_o other_o chamber_n or_o hall_n there_o stand_v constant_o set_v on_o a_o table_n wine_n fruit_n and_o two_o wax_n torch_n light_v for_o the_o priest_n who_o spend_v the_o night_n there_o in_o sing_v and_o pray_v according_a to_o their_o way_n but_o especial_o in_o make_v divers_a enchantment_n against_o the_o evil_a spirit_n and_o in_o burn_a several_a image_n and_o fasten_v other_o to_o the_o hearse-cloth_n which_o cover_v the_o coffin_n which_o image_n they_o ever_o and_o anon_o move_v with_o their_o hand_n think_v they_o by_o that_o mean_n force_v the_o soul_n to_o heaven_n the_o fifteen_o day_n be_v over_o the_o body_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o country_n where_o the_o priest_n inter_v it_o and_o common_o plant_v a_o pinetree_n near_o the_o sepulchre_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o have_v a_o particular_a veneration_n for_o that_o tree_n their_o mourning_n be_v austere_a enough_o son_n continue_v it_o for_o a_o whole_a year_n and_o sometime_o two_o mourning_n during_o which_o time_n they_o be_v clad_v in_o a_o course_n cloth_n cover_v their_o head_n with_o a_o hat_n of_o the_o same_o and_o tie_v about_o their_o upper_a garment_n with_o a_o cord_n nay_o some_o quit_v the_o public_a employment_n they_o have_v with_o the_o king_n consent_n and_o ever_o after_o live_v private_o remote_a kindred_n go_v in_o mourning_n for_o some_o month_n and_o friend_n put_v it_o not_o off_o till_o the_o body_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o ground_n from_o what_o we_o say_v before_o concern_v the_o wall_n which_o divide_v china_n china_n from_o tartary_n it_o may_v well_o be_v infer_v that_o the_o chinese_n have_v a_o dreadful_a enemy_n beyond_o it_o it_o must_v indeed_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o though_o we_o have_v not_o any_o author_n that_o have_v give_v a_o pertinent_a account_n of_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o tartary_n which_o reach_v from_o little_a tartary_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascar_n to_o the_o eastern_a sea_n and_o the_o straits_n of_o anian_n above_o japan_n yet_o have_v we_o it_o for_o certain_a that_o out_o of_o those_o part_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o samahania_n taniulth_n niuche_fw-mi niulhan_n etc_n etc_n come_v those_o nation_n who_o overran_a several_a province_n of_o euâ—ope_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n all_o asia_n under_o tamerlaine_n and_o under_o other_o chief_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1206_o china_n the_o tartar_n who_o the_o chinese_n call_v tata_n because_o they_o do_v not_o pronounce_v the_o letter_n r._n enter_v china_n with_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o after_o a_o war_n of_o seventy_o two_o year_n become_v master_n of_o it_o force_v thence_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o house_n of_o sunga_n which_o then_o reign_v and_o be_v peaceable_o possess_v of_o the_o whole_a country_n for_o the_o space_n of_o near_o seventy_o year_n till_o a_o certain_a priest_n servant_n name_v chu_n consider_v that_o the_o savageness_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v much_o abate_v by_o the_o delight_n of_o china_n undertake_v a_o war_n against_o they_o thence_o and_o force_v they_o out_o of_o china_n in_o the_o year_n 1368._o the_o aversion_n the_o chinese_n have_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o foreign_a power_n soon_o prevail_v with_o they_o to_o become_v subject_a to_o chu_n who_o assume_v the_o quality_n of_o hugnus_fw-la that_o be_v great_a warrior_n and_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o royal_a family_n of_o teim_v teym_v which_o reign_v in_o china_n even_o to_o our_o day_n chu_n not_o think_v it_o enough_o to_o have_v force_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o chiâ—a_n enter_v with_o a_o army_n into_o that_o of_o niuche_n whither_o the_o tartar_n be_v retreat_v and_o force_v they_o to_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n the_o tartar_n divide_v themselves_o into_o seven_o colony_n which_o war_v one_o against_o the_o other_o till_o they_o be_v reduce_v into_o one_o state_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o niuche_n about_o the_o year_n 1600._o about_o that_o time_n reign_v in_o china_n war._n vanlie_n who_o have_v succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o year_n 1573._o and_o live_v in_o a_o absolute_a peace_n when_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o frontier_n conceive_v some_o jealousy_n at_o the_o great_a powerfulness_n of_o the_o tartar_n will_v needs_o hinder_v their_o merchant_n from_o trade_v into_o china_n oppose_v the_o match_n which_o the_o king_n of_o nâ—uche_n will_v have_v make_v between_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o king_n of_o tanyu_n take_v he_o and_o kill_v he_o the_o king_n of_o nyuche_n son_n desirous_a to_o revenge_v his_o father_n death_n raise_v a_o army_n pass_v over_o the_o great_a wall_n enter_v china_n in_o the_o year_n 1616._o and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o gayven_v whence_o he_o write_v in_o very_o respectful_a term_n to_o vanlie_n who_o be_v then_o live_v and_o represent_v to_o he_o the_o injury_n have_v be_v do_v he_o by_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o frontier_n proffer_v to_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n and_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o condition_n his_o complaint_n may_v be_v hear_v and_o justice_n do_v he_o vanlie_n instead_o of_o reflect_v on_o the_o justice_n of_o this_o demand_n return_v the_o business_n to_o the_o council_n of_o state_n where_o it_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a so_o much_o as_o to_o answer_v his_o letter_n the_o tartar_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v so_o incense_v at_o this_o slight_n of_o his_o proposal_n that_o he_o vow_v to_o sacrâ—fice_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o chinese_n to_o the_o mane_n of_o his_o father_n according_o leatung_n have_v take_v the_o city_n of_o leaoyang_n by_o