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A28496 Irelands naturall history being a true and ample description of its situation, greatness, shape, and nature, of its hills, woods, heaths, bogs, of its fruitfull parts, and profitable grounds : with the severall ways of manuring and improving the same : with its heads or promontories, harbours, roads, and bays, of its springs, and fountains, brooks, rivers, loghs, of its metalls, mineralls, free-stone, marble, sea-coal, turf, and other things that are taken out of the ground : and lastly of the nature and temperature of its air and season, and what diseases it is free from or subject unto : conducing to the advancement of navigation, husbandry, and other profitable arts and professions / written by Gerald Boate ; and now published by Samuell Hartlib for the common good of Ireland and more especially for the benefit of the adventurers and planters therein. Boate, Gerard, 1604-1650.; Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662. 1657 (1657) Wing B3373; ESTC R27215 105,129 208

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but all the walls quite through and at the out-side as well as at the in-side be perfectly burnt and turned into good brick wherein oftentimes through the unskilfulness or neglect of those who make fill these Kilns and of those that govern the fire there is great loss and that two manner of ways For sometimes great part of the Bricks is found not to be sufficiently nor uniformly burnt and on the other side it falleth out oftentimes that great quantities are reduced into one beeing burnt or half-burnt into great unshapely masses or lumps which are good for nothing They do commonly burn in those Kilns two or three hundred thousand Bricks at a time the which for the most part all charges being reckoned come to stand betwixt six and eight shillings sterling the thousand Sect. 8. Of the Glass made in Ireland We shall conclude this chapter with the Glass there having been severall Glass-houses set up by the English in Ireland none in Dublin or other cities but all of them in the countrie amongst which the principall was that of Birre a market-Market-town otherwise called parsons-Parsons-town after one Sir Laurence Parsons who having purchased that Lordship built a goodly house upon it his son William Parsons having succeeded him in the possession of it which Town is situate in Queens county about fifty miles to the South-west of Dublin upon the borders of the two Provinces of Leinster and Munster From this place Dublin was furnished with all sorts of vvindovv and drinking-glasses and such other as commonly are in use One part of the materials viz. the Sand they had out of England the other to vvit the Ashes they made in the place of Ash-tree and used no other The chiefest difficulty vvas to get the clay for the pots to melt the materials in this they had out of the North. CHAP. XXI Of the Temperature and Qualities of the Air and Seasons in Ireland as for Heat Cold and Moisture Sect. 1. Of the Cold weather and the Frosts ALthough the climate of Ireland is somewhat Northerly the Land extending it self from the beginning of the one and fiftieth degree of Latitude until the end of the five and fiftieth nevertheless is the Air there very temperate and nothing subject to violent Colds not onely in Munster Leinster and Connaught but even in the most Northern-part to wit the Province of Ulster much less than any other Land lying in the same height or latitude yea than many Countries of a much more Southerly-climate True it is that the Cold-weather doth commonly begin here somewhat soon namely in the beginning of October and sometimes in the middle or latter end of September continuing ordinarily the space of five or six moneths until the midst or latter end of March and sometimes also good part of April during which whole space of time all such persons as are chilly and cold of nature and do sit still much can hardly be any long while without a fire But again on the other side it is very seldom violently cold there and freezeth but little there are commonly three or four Frosts in one Winter but they are very short seldom lasting longer than three or four days together withall at their very worst nothing near so violent as in most other Countries so that some all Winter long hardly come near a fire once in a day and that not only in the ordinary cold weather but even whilst it is a freezing Yea many times the cold is so slack even in the midst of the Winter-moneths that by walking onely or doing some other moderate exercise you shall find your self as warm and the Air as sweet and pleasant as if it were in the moneth of May. There hath been some Winters wherein it hath frozen ten or twelve dayes together so as the Liffie and other the like Rivers were quite frozen and might be gone upon by men and beasts But those are altogether extraordinary and do come very seldom hardly once in the space of ten or twelve years But how mild they ordinarily be and how little subject to excessive cold may appear hereby that all kind of beasts and cattle as cows horses and sheep do there all Winter long remain abroad and do ●eed in the fields where they are left in the night-time as well as in the day and that many herbs which in England and Netherland do● dye every Winter here continue all the year long Sect. 2. Of the Warm-weather And as the cold in Winter is very moderate and tolerable so is also the heat in Summer the which is seldom so great even in the hottest times of the year as to be greatly troublesome And it falleth out oft enough in the very Summer-moneths that the weather is more inclinable to cold than to heat so as one may very well endure to come near a good fire And this cometh to pass only during the Wet-weather for else and whilst it is fair it is very warm all summer long albeit seldom over-hot And so it is many times also even on the rainie dayes whereas for the most part it is very cool in them and the heat much less than the season doth require Sect. 3. Of the Rain and We●-weather The Rain is very ordinary in Ireland and it raineth there very much all the year long in the Summer as well as in the Winter Commonly in the Spring of the year it is very fair weather with clear sun-shine from morning till night for the space of five or six weeks together with very little or no interruption which fair weather beginneth commonly in the mon●th of March some years in the beginning other yeares in the midst and sometimes in the latter end of it But the same being once past it raineth afterwards very much all the Summer long so as it is a rare thing to see a whole week pass without it and many Summers it is never dry weather two or three dayes together Which inconstancy and wetness of the weather is not only troublesome to men but also hurtfull to all things growing out of the ground for mans behoof For the heat never being very great and there besides often interrupted by the intervention of the foul weather hath neither time nor strength enough to ripen them so well and so soon as otherwise it would whereby it cometh to pass that as well the fruits of trees as the corn and grass here commonly much ●ater do come to perfection than in the most part of other neighbouring Countries And as the ripeness of the fruits and other increase of the earth is greatly retarded by the abundance of unseasonable rain so it doth also fall out oftentimes that the same being come to ripeness it is difficult to get them in by reason of the exceeding store of rain which doth come down during the Hay-time and the Harvest Wherefore it behoveth one here to be wonderfull diligent and not to lose any part of the fair weather