support_n and_o such_o a_o schism_n be_v a_o very_a evident_a mark_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o holy_a ghost_n but_o devilish_a intrigue_n that_o preside_v in_o those_o election_n and_o therefore_o the_o most_o prudent_a of_o the_o clergy_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o neither_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o papal_a authority_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v proceed_v to_o a_o new_a election_n which_o afterward_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n the_o first_o schism_n as_o i_o take_v it_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1134_o or_o as_o other_o reckon_v 1130._o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o henry_n the_o five_o two_o pope_n innocent_a the_o second_o and_o anacletus_fw-la be_v choose_v both_o together_o and_o though_o the_o first_o have_v gain_v the_o most_o partisan_n yet_o the_o latter_a be_v vigorous_o maintain_v against_o he_o by_o the_o king_n of_o sicily_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o aquitain_n but_o he_o die_v his_o friend_n choose_v a_o three_o in_o his_o place_n name_v victor_n who_o innocent_a bring_v to_o a_o accommodation_n so_o that_o he_o at_o last_o cease_v from_o his_o pretension_n and_o free_o submit_v himself_o to_o innocent_a but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o adrian_n the_o four_o there_o be_v again_o two_o pope_n elect_v alexander_n the_o three_o and_o victor_n the_o four_o with_o the_o first_o hold_v england_n france_n and_o sicily_n with_o the_o latter_a frederick_n the_o first_o all_o germany_n and_o most_o of_o the_o clergy_n of_o rome_n and_o after_o his_o death_n his_o follower_n choose_v three_o other_o successive_o in_o his_o place_n who_o be_v all_o outlive_v by_o alexander_n now_o all_o these_o curse_a and_o excommunicate_v one_o another_o after_o the_o most_o infamous_a manner_n in_o the_o world_n and_o each_o of_o they_o be_v force_v to_o show_v more_o obedience_n than_o authority_n to_o their_o protector_n but_o the_o great_a and_o most_o scandalous_a schism_n be_v that_o which_o arise_v after_o the_o death_n of_o gregory_n the_o eleven_o when_o in_o like_a manner_n two_o pope_n be_v choose_v one_o of_o which_o keep_v his_o residence_n at_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o at_o avignon_n and_o this_o last_v among_o their_o successor_n at_o least_o forty_o year_n while_o both_o party_n vomit_v out_o all_o the_o injury_n imaginable_a against_o one_o another_o the_o pope_n of_o avignon_n be_v maintain_v by_o france_n scotland_n castille_n savoy_n and_o naples_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o christian_a state_n hold_v with_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n both_o of_o they_o brag_v of_o the_o great_a and_o holy_a person_n they_o have_v of_o their_o side_n as_o likewise_o the_o revelation_n and_o miracle_n which_o heaven_n in_o their_o favour_n have_v produce_v and_o so_o many_o reason_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o favour_n of_o each_o of_o they_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o be_v find_v than_o to_o cite_v they_o both_o before_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n where_o they_o be_v force_v to_o renounce_v their_o popedom_n and_o a_o new_a pope_n be_v elect_v the_o last_o schism_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1433_o when_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n depose_v eugenius_n the_o four_o and_o choose_v in_o his_o place_n pope_n foelix_fw-la the_o five_o but_o the_o first_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o their_o authority_n and_o the_o dissension_n last_v till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o eugenius_n when_o nicholas_n the_o five_o be_v choose_v foelix_n desirous_a of_o peace_n yield_v all_o his_o pretension_n to_o he_o on_o very_o good_a condition_n about_o the_o year_n 1438._o now_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o imagine_v how_o much_o these_o schism_n and_o quarrel_n expose_v the_o pudenda_fw-la paparum_fw-la while_o the_o council_n be_v oblige_v on_o these_o occasion_n to_o interpose_v their_o authority_n and_o bridle_v the_o irregularity_n of_o the_o pope_n to_o which_o people_n begin_v to_o appeal_v from_o the_o pope_n as_o to_o the_o high_a power_n so_o that_o when_o the_o pope_n begin_v at_o any_o time_n to_o be_v unruly_a there_o be_v no_o such_o bugbear_n as_o to_o threaten_v they_o with_o a_o council_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o pope_n can_v not_o lord_n it_o over_o the_o council_n since_o gregory_n the_o seven_o himself_o when_o he_o have_v renew_v the_o old_a quarrel_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o four_o declare_v that_o he_o will_v call_v a_o council_n in_o a_o place_n of_o security_n where_o both_o the_o friend_n and_o enemy_n ecclesiastic_a as_o well_o as_o secular_a may_v come_v without_o any_o danger_n and_o judge_v whether_o he_o or_o the_o emperor_n have_v violate_v the_o peace_n and_o to_o propose_v mean_n for_o the_o re-establish_a of_o it_o the_o same_o protestation_n be_v make_v by_o pope_n gelasius_n the_o second_o in_o his_o quarrel_n with_o henry_n the_o five_o to_o which_o he_o add_v that_o he_o be_v content_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o his_o brethren_n the_o bishop_n who_o god_n himself_o have_v make_v his_o judge_n in_o the_o church_n and_o without_o who_o he_o dare_v not_o take_v in_o hand_n a_o affair_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n innocent_n the_o three_o declare_v also_o that_o he_o dare_v not_o undertake_v to_o judge_v of_o the_o marriage_n betwixt_o philip_n august_n and_o ingeburg_n of_o denmark_n without_o ask_v the_o opinion_n of_o a_o general_n council_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v presume_v to_o do_v it_o he_o shall_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o lose_v his_o charge_n and_o dignity_n whereby_o he_o seem_v to_o own_o that_o a_o pope_n by_o the_o abuse_n of_o his_o office_n may_v lawful_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o same_o but_o when_o the_o prince_n in_o follow_a time_n insist_v upon_o those_o confession_n of_o the_o pope_n all_o the_o answer_n and_o satisfaction_n they_o can_v have_v be_v that_o true_o their_o predecessor_n have_v use_v such_o sort_n of_o expression_n but_o they_o be_v only_a compliment_n and_o bare_a ceremonious_a word_n and_o that_o the_o modesty_n which_o they_o have_v show_v in_o that_o matter_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o they_o thus_o in_o the_o year_n 1409._o the_o council_n of_o pisa_n depose_v the_o two_o antipope_n benedict_n the_o twelve_o and_o gregory_n the_o twelve_o and_o in_o their_o place_n choose_v alexander_n the_o five_o but_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n do_v not_o only_o confirm_v the_o election_n of_o the_o say_v two_o pope_n but_o also_o depose_v john_n the_o twenty_o four_o who_o succeed_v alexander_n the_o five_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n proceed_v in_o like_a manner_n against_o eugenius_n the_o four_o and_o make_v a_o decree_n beside_o that_o neither_o at_o rome_n nor_o in_o any_o other_o place_n shall_v there_o be_v any_o expedition-money_n give_v for_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n all_o which_o proceed_n strike_v at_o the_o very_a foundation_n of_o papal_a government_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o the_o pope_n be_v afterward_o so_o shy_a in_o call_v the_o council_n of_o trent_n and_o that_o they_o then_o use_v so_o many_o artifices_fw-la to_o impede_fw-la be_v decree_a any_o thing_n prejudicial_a to_o their_o authority_n and_o that_o since_o that_o time_n they_o have_v bid_v a_o eternal_a adieu_n to_o all_o council_n sect._n 24._o among_o all_o these_o schism_n the_o translation_n of_o the_o papal_a chair_n from_o rome_n to_o avignon_n do_v not_o a_o little_a weaken_v their_o authority_n the_o first_o that_o begin_v it_o if_o i_o be_o not_o deceive_v be_v clement_n the_o five_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o philip_n the_o fair_a king_n of_o france_n who_o have_v quarrel_v with_o boniface_n the_o eight_o and_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o he_o the_o effect_n of_o which_o he_o design_v to_o prevent_v if_o he_o can_v but_o once_o oblige_v the_o pope_n to_o reside_v in_o france_n especial_o while_o thereby_o most_o of_o the_o cardinal_n shall_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o french_a nation_n and_o indeed_o the_o pope_n do_v reside_v in_o that_o city_n more_o than_o seventy_o year_n without_o reckon_v the_o time_n of_o the_o anti-popes_n which_o become_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o papal_a sovereignty_n for_o till_o then_o among_o other_o pretence_n on_o which_o the_o popedom_n be_v found_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a be_v that_o st._n peter_n have_v be_v bishop_n of_o rome_n by_o his_o personal_a residence_n there_o have_v communicate_v a_o particular_a advantage_n and_o holiness_n to_o that_o city_n which_o whether_o the_o pope_n can_v transport_v to_o avignon_n be_v very_o much_o doubt_v of_o so_o that_o from_o thence_o the_o pope_n find_v himself_o very_o often_o oblige_v to_o dance_v after_o the_o frenchman_n be_v pipe_n and_o to_o be_v whole_o at_o his_o devotion_n though_o the_o french_a who_o do_v then_o much_o brag_v of_o the_o prize_n they_o have_v get_v do_v now_o complain_v that_o by_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n in_o
france_n they_o have_v gain_v nothing_o unless_o it_o be_v the_o art_n of_o chicaning_n simony_n and_o another_o abominable_a crime_n which_o it_o be_v hardly_o lawful_a to_o pronounce_v to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o the_o papal_a court_n be_v thus_o translate_v from_o its_o natural_a seat_n into_o a_o foreign_a country_n its_o imperfection_n be_v the_o more_o easy_o expose_v and_o consequent_o the_o pope_n become_v more_o despicable_a this_o absence_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v no_o less_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a land_n in_o italy_n for_o after_o that_o the_o emperor_n have_v lose_v all_o his_o authority_n there_o every_o petty_a prince_n be_v for_o erect_v himself_o into_o a_o sovereign_n and_o by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o guelph_n and_o gibelines_n all_o thing_n be_v bring_v into_o confusion_n the_o neighbour_a prince_n without_o any_o scruple_n pillage_v the_o church_n patrimony_n while_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o pope_n have_v make_v they_o forget_v all_o the_o respect_n they_o owe_v he_o the_o most_o of_o his_o city_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o florentine_n drive_v out_o his_o legate_n and_o either_o erect_v themselves_o into_o free_a state_n or_o choose_v they_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o city_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n of_o bavaria_n have_v quarrel_v with_o the_o pope_n and_o gain_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n to_o his_o interest_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o most_o of_o the_o country_n as_o be_v a_o feoff_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o invest_v therewith_o such_o as_o take_v his_o part_n against_o the_o pope_n so_o that_o st._n peter_n patrimony_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o a_o very_a bad_a condition_n nor_o have_v the_o pope_n be_v since_o able_a to_o reduce_v the_o better_a part_n of_o what_o be_v thus_o take_v from_o they_o into_o their_o power_n but_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v the_o possessor_n thereof_o in_o a_o free_a enjoyment_n of_o what_o they_o have_v get_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v at_o last_o oblige_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o pope_n sovereignty_n which_o it_o have_v so_o long_o oppose_v after_o that_o pope_n boniface_n the_o nine_o in_o the_o year_n 1393._o have_v fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o st._n angelo_n which_o serve_v to_o bridle_v the_o city_n and_o keep_v it_o in_o subjection_n alexander_n the_o six_o be_v chief_o the_o cause_n that_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n fall_v again_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o pope_n he_o have_v a_o natural_a son_n name_v caesar_n borgia_n who_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o valence_n bring_v to_o he_o as_o dowry_n by_o his_o wife_n charlotte_n d'albret_a be_v common_o call_v ill_a duca_n valentino_n now_o while_o the_o pope_n use_v all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o powerful_a prince_n in_o italy_n to_o attain_v to_o his_o end_n he_o bethink_v himself_o of_o this_o expedient_a he_o drive_v out_o those_o little_a signiori_fw-it that_o be_v possess_v of_o small_a parcel_n of_o the_o church_n territory_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o those_o place_n which_o they_o hold_v and_o then_o give_v his_o son_n the_o propriety_n thereof_o this_o his_o design_n succeed_v very_o happy_o and_o he_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o reduce_v either_o by_o force_n or_o treachery_n most_o of_o those_o little_a lordship_n into_o his_o subjection_n and_o though_o borgia_n use_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o temerity_n in_o the_o management_n of_o this_o affair_n yet_o he_o say_v he_o know_v well_o enough_o what_o he_o do_v since_o his_o father_n who_o be_v inspire_v by_o the_o holy_a ghost_n approve_v of_o all_o his_o action_n but_o when_o he_o want_v money_n to_o pay_v his_o soldier_n he_o plot_v with_o his_o father_n to_o poison_v several_a of_o the_o rich_a cardinal_n at_o a_o banquet_n design_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o to_o put_v himself_o in_o possession_n of_o their_o good_n but_o likewise_o to_o be_v rid_v of_o hateful_a person_n who_o he_o fear_v may_v oppose_v themselves_o to_o his_o design_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o servant_n he_o have_v employ_v in_o this_o his_o devilish_a design_n by_o mistake_n give_v the_o pope_n and_o his_o son_n the_o empoison_a drink_n so_o that_o the_o pope_n die_v immediate_o thereof_o and_o the_o duke_n very_o hardly_o escape_v at_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o terrible_a sickness_n nor_o can_v he_o afterward_o with_o all_o his_o authority_n oblige_v the_o cardinal_n to_o choose_v a_o pope_n that_o shall_v be_v in_o his_o interest_n thus_o borgia_n vast_a ambitious_a project_n dwindle_v into_o nothing_o for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o pius_n the_o three_o who_o hold_v the_o chair_n a_o very_a few_o week_n come_v julius_n the_o second_o the_o swear_v implacable_a enemy_n of_o borgia_n to_o succeed_v he_o who_o reduce_v all_o that_o he_o have_v take_v and_o drive_v he_o at_o last_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o this_o pope_n prevail_v so_o far_o by_o his_o bribe_n and_o artifices_fw-la that_o he_o regain_v all_o that_o the_o church_n have_v have_v before_o in_o its_o possession_n except_o the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n which_o likewise_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o last_o age_n the_o legitimate_a race_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o est_fw-la be_v end_v fall_v into_o the_o pope_n hand_n again_o he_o also_o hinder_v the_o french_a from_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o italy_n sect._n 25._o but_o now_o while_o the_o popedom_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o its_o great_a splendour_n and_o at_o as_o high_a a_o point_n of_o perfection_n as_o it_o can_v ever_o aspire_v to_o all_o the_o west_n have_v join_v itself_o to_o the_o communion_n and_o fellowship_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n except_v some_o few_o relic_n of_o the_o vaudois_n in_o france_n and_o the_o hussites_n in_o bohemia_n which_o be_v altogether_o inconsiderable_a and_o the_o quarrel_n betwixt_o pope_n julius_n the_o second_o and_z lewis_z the_o twelve_o of_o france_n which_o have_v easy_o occasion_v a_o new_a schism_n be_v happy_o compose_v after_o that_o pope_n death_n by_o leon_n the_o ten_o and_o the_o old_a complaint_n that_o be_v use_v to_o be_v make_v against_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n be_v almost_o all_o lay_v asleep_o there_o happen_v upon_o a_o very_a slight_a occasion_n so_o terrible_a a_o insurrection_n against_o the_o papal_a chair_n that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n do_v withdraw_v its_o self_n from_o the_o tyranny_n thereof_o and_o do_v run_v the_o risk_a of_o a_o irrecoverable_a destruction_n in_o which_o affair_n as_o in_o all_o other_o we_o will_v only_o observe_v how_o much_o humane_a prudence_n and_o design_n contribute_v thereto_o and_o will_v rather_o adore_v with_o a_o humble_a respect_n and_o admiration_n the_o counsel_n and_o work_n of_o god_n almighty_n than_o presumptuous_o penetrate_v into_o his_o holy_a mystery_n and_o here_o we_o may_v not_o unfit_o quote_v that_o expression_n which_o tacitus_n use_v in_o his_o history_n abditos_fw-la numinis_fw-la sensus_fw-la exquirere_fw-la illicitum_fw-la nec_fw-la ideo_fw-la assequare_fw-la now_o leon_n the_o ten_o be_v a_o peaceable_a magnificent_a and_o very_a liberal_a prince_n to_o wise_a and_o learned_a man_n and_o may_v have_v pass_v for_o a_o good_a pope_n have_v he_o have_v but_o a_o indifferent_a knowledge_n of_o religion_n and_o inclination_n to_o piety_n for_o both_o which_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o be_v very_o insensible_a he_o live_v very_o splendid_o and_o have_v exhaust_v his_o treasure_n by_o the_o extravagant_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n of_o his_o court_n do_v not_o understand_v the_o art_n of_o make_v gold_n but_o be_v force_v in_o his_o necessity_n to_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o cardinal_n laurentius_n puccius_n who_o find_v all_o the_o other_o mean_n of_o get_v money_n quite_o exhaust_v bethink_v himself_o of_o indulgence_n which_o the_o pope_n disperse_v for_o money_n through_o all_o christendom_n in_o the_o most_o ample_a form_n for_o the_o service_n as_o well_o of_o the_o dead_a as_o of_o the_o live_n with_o permission_n to_o eat_v egg_n and_o milk-victual_n on_o fast-day_n with_o several_a such_o like_a privilege_n and_o the_o money_n which_o he_o hope_v to_o collect_v by_o this_o infamous_a commerce_n be_v already_o dispose_v of_o and_o that_o especial_o which_o be_v to_o be_v gather_v in_o saxony_n and_o in_o all_o that_o country_n to_o the_o sea_n be_v destine_v for_o magdalen_n the_o pope_n sister_n and_o that_o they_o may_v extract_v great_a gain_n from_o this_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n a_o commission_n of_o collect_v such_o money_n be_v give_v to_o one_o arcimboldus_fw-la a_o bishop_n in_o name_n and_o habit_n only_o but_o a_o man_n that_o be_v incomparable_o well_o verse_v in_o the_o trick_n of_o the_o genoa_n merchant_n and_o that_o will_v only_o deal_v out_o commission_n to_o
the_o history_n of_o popedom_n contain_v the_o rise_n progress_n and_o decay_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n write_a in_o high_a dutch_a by_o samuel_n puffendorff_n translate_v into_o english_a by_o j._n c._n london_n print_v for_o joseph_n hindmarsh_n at_o the_o golden_a ball_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n 1691._o imprimatur_fw-la c._n alston_n october_n 2_o d._n 1690._o to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n henry_n lord_n bishop_n of_o london_n dean_n of_o the_o chapel_n royal_a and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n this_o treatise_n be_v most_o humble_o dedicate_v by_o john_n chamberlayne_n content_n paragraph_n 1._o politic_a reflection_n on_o the_o spiritual_a monarchy_n of_o the_o pope_n par._n 2._o of_o the_o blindness_n of_o the_o heathen_n in_o matter_n of_o divinity_n what_o they_o propose_v to_o themselves_o by_o choose_v the_o path_n of_o virtue_n wherein_o their_o religion_n consist_v par._n 3._o of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n why_o other_o nation_n do_v not_o embrace_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o jew_n par._n 4._o that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v adapt_v to_o the_o humour_n of_o all_o people_n that_o it_o admit_v no_o respect_n of_o person_n that_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o civil_a government_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o sort_n of_o religion_n or_o philosophy_n that_o can_v equal_v it_o why_o many_o of_o our_o christian_n live_v like_o heathen_n par._n 5._o of_o the_o external_n government_n of_o religion_n what_o be_v here_o to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o external_n government_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n of_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o call_n of_o the_o apostle_n par._n 6._o the_o division_n of_o this_o question_n that_o this_o necessity_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o religion_n in_o general_a how_o the_o external_n government_n of_o religion_n be_v transmit_v from_o the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n to_o the_o sovereign_n of_o each_o state_n par._n 7._o that_o it_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o christian_a religion_n for_o the_o sovereign_a to_o have_v the_o direction_n of_o it_o as_o to_o its_o external_n government_n par._n 8._o the_o first_o progress_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o divine_a conduct_n in_o the_o establishment_n of_o this_o religion_n how_o the_o jesuit_n preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o chinese_n why_o god_n call_v the_o ignorant_a rather_o than_o the_o wise_a and_o learned_a men._n par._n 9_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n the_o new_a christian_n slander_v and_o calumniate_v the_o roman_n upon_o reason_n of_o state_n oppose_v their_o religion_n the_o roman_a persecution_n condemn_v par._n 10._o of_o the_o ancient_a government_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n difference_n arise_v about_o religion_n terminate_v by_o assembly_n why_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o assembly_n ought_v to_o be_v permit_v under_o heathen_a emperor_n par._n 11._o that_o the_o external_n government_n of_o the_o church_n by_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n have_v produce_v strange_a disorder_n that_o from_o hence_o some_o have_v suppose_v two_o power_n in_o the_o state_n that_o ecclesiastic_o ought_v to_o receive_v their_o call_n from_o the_o sovereign_n of_o each_o state_n par._n 12._o that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o constantin_n power_n whole_o to_o change_v the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n how_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o the_o ecclesiastic_o come_v to_o usurp_v the_o sovereign_a power_n that_o the_o sovereign_n may_v preside_v in_o the_o assembly_n where_o controversy_n be_v treat_v of_o the_o abuse_n of_o council_n par._n 13._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o bishop_n abuse_v other_o abuse_n concern_v marriage_n ecclesiastical_a discipline_n abuse_v the_o pope_n misuse_v the_o power_n of_o excommunication_n par._n 14._o the_o rise_n of_o the_o pope_n authority_n that_o ignorance_n and_o the_o barbarity_n of_o the_o age_n contribute_v much_o thereto_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o ignorance_n that_o ignorance_n help_v much_o to_o the_o establish_n of_o the_o popedom_n the_o introduction_n of_o pedantry_n into_o the_o school_n that_o the_o politic_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n be_v contrary_a to_o monarchy_n two_o dangerous_a effect_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o politic_n par._n 15._o why_o the_o monarch_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n have_v choose_v rome_n for_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n how_o the_o pope_n establish_v his_o hierarchy_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a bishop_n how_o the_o bishop_n of_o romevsurped_a the_o pre-eminence_n reflection_n on_o the_o pope_n power_n par._n 16._o how_o the_o pope_n come_v to_o domineer_v over_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n of_o the_o confirmation_n of_o bishop_n by_o the_o pope_n decision_n of_o the_o pope_n dispensation_n of_o the_o pope_n vicar_n in_o france_n of_o the_o monk_n winifred_n the_o pope_n make_v he_o his_o vicar_n he_o advance_v the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o annates_fw-la the_o pope_n annul_v the_o decision_n of_o provincial_a synod_n they_o force_v the_o bishop_n to_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o they_o par._n 17._o the_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n and_o how_o first_o get_v the_o avarice_n of_o the_o churchman_n and_o divers_a effect_n thereof_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o crusado_n a_o stratagem_n of_o pope_n par._n 18._o of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o ecclesiastic_o the_o original_a of_o monk_n and_o other_o religious_a order_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o monastery_n of_o the_o order_n of_o beg_a friar_n why_o they_o choose_v that_o sort_n of_o life_n the_o reason_n that_o induce_v man_n now_o adays_o to_o choose_v a_o monastic_a life_n that_o monk_n have_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o other_o churchman_n that_o they_o alone_o hinder_v the_o bishop_n from_o oppose_v the_o pope_n be_v authority_n that_o a_o great_a many_o bishop_n will_v be_v glad_a to_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o rome_n that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o bishop_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o pope_n par._n 19_o how_o the_o church_n have_v shake_v off_o all_o temporal_a jurisdiction_n how_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n slip_v their_o neck_n out_o of_o the_o emperor_n collar_n par._n 20._o the_o pope_n implore_v the_o french_a king_n protection_n against_o the_o lumbards_n the_o french_a enter_v italy_n they_o bestow_v the_o exarchat_n on_o the_o pope_n that_o the_o pope_n do_v heretofore_o hold_v those_o country_n under_o they_o of_o the_o emperor_n par._n 21._o the_o pope_n establish_v a_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n pope_n gregory_n excommunicate_v the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o four_o the_o pope_n endeavour_v to_o domineer_v over_o the_o emperor_n a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o bishop_n that_o succeed_a emperor_n have_v in_o vain_a endeavour_v to_o regain_v their_o lose_a authority_n par_fw-fr 22._o the_o pope_n exalt_v himself_o above_o all_o temporal_a power_n the_o use_n he_o make_v of_o his_o excommunicate_a power_n how_o the_o pope_n colour_v his_o usurpation_n the_o pope_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o cognisance_n of_o matrimonial_a affair_n that_o the_o pope_n allure_v the_o most_o know_a man_n into_o his_o service_n the_o unbounded_a ambition_n of_o pope_n boniface_n the_o eight_o par._n 23._o the_o pope_n find_v their_o authority_n oppose_v that_o the_o great_a schism_n in_o the_o church_n have_v much_o weaken_v their_o authority_n the_o first_o schism_n the_o second_o schism_n the_o three_o schism_n the_o four_o and_o last_o schism_n that_o the_o pope_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o lord_n it_o over_o council_n the_o confession_n of_o several_a pope_n concern_v the_o authority_n of_o council_n that_o pope_n have_v be_v depose_v by_o council_n par._n 24._o the_o removal_n of_o the_o pope_n seat_n from_o rome_n to_o avignon_n that_o it_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o pope_n be_v authority_n the_o pope_n reduce_v to_o his_o obedience_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n the_o history_n of_o caesar_n borgia_n natural_a son_n of_o alexander_n the_o six_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n reunite_v to_o the_o popedom_n par._n 25._o that_o the_o papal_a authority_n receive_v a_o terrible_a blow_n by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o luther_n the_o virtue_n and_o vice_n of_o leon_n the_o ten_o of_o indulgence_n luther_n preach_v against_o they_o and_o against_o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n par._n 26._o that_o luther_n opposition_n meet_v with_o a_o seasonable_a juncture_n of_o the_o time_n the_o miserable_a state_n of_o christendom_n at_o that_o time_n the_o ignorance_n of_o luther_n adversary_n erasmus_n favour_v luther_n that_o his_o silence_n alone_o be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o luther_n adversary_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n be_v unsatisfied_a with_o the_o pope_n why_o charles_n the_o five_o be_v willing_a that_o luther_n doctrine_n shall_v make_v some_o progress_n the_o pope_n ill_a conduct_n in_o the_o business_n of_o luther_n the_o imprudence_n of_o cardinal_n cajetan_n
improbability_n than_o one_o that_o have_v a_o better_a insight_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o a_o free_a exercise_n of_o his_o reason_n this_o ignorance_n accompany_v afterward_o with_o so_o insupportable_a a_o pedantry_n whereas_o the_o precede_a age_n be_v more_o learned_a be_v promote_v by_o different_a cause_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o invasion_n of_o a_o no_o less_o warlike_a than_o ignorant_a people_n in_o the_o western_a province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o for_o some_o age_n during_o a_o unsettle_a and_o inconstant_a government_n feel_v nothing_o but_o cruel_a war_n terrible_a disorder_n spoil_v ravage_v and_o lay_v waste_n of_o whole_a country_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o the_o misery_n that_o be_v the_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o a_o barbarous_a government_n whereas_o the_o muse_n and_o liberal_a science_n be_v the_o daughter_n of_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n but_o in_o the_o hurly-burlies_a and_o tumult_n of_o war_n book_n be_v a_o dead_a ware_n and_o shall_v lie_v long_o enough_o on_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o have_v they_o school_n and_o academy_n be_v then_o like_a wilderness_n either_o quite_o empty_a or_o haunt_v by_o none_o but_o wild_a beast_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o long_a robe_n will_v rather_o choose_v to_o shoulder_v a_o musket_n than_o trudge_v to_o westminster-hall_n with_o a_o green_a bag_n under_o their_o arm_n so_o that_o in_o such_o time_n the_o poor_a professor_n schoolmaster_n etc._n etc._n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o shut_v up_o their_o shop_n pack_v up_o their_o good_n and_o begone_v especial_o when_o the_o victorious_a enemy_n have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o letter_n and_o as_o little_a esteem_n or_o kindness_n for_o they_o there_o be_v some_o that_o will_v maintain_v that_o the_o churchman_n themselves_o do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o these_o dark_a time_n of_o ignorance_n for_o because_o the_o philosopher_n have_v give_v they_o no_o small_a trouble_n under_o the_o pagan_a emperor_n and_o that_o still_o under_o the_o christian_a emperor_n there_o be_v find_v who_o oppose_v their_o doctrine_n the_o clergy_n upon_o that_o account_n conceive_v a_o irreconcilable_a hatred_n and_o aversion_n against_o the_o philosopher_n and_o against_o their_o opinion_n and_o inspire_v the_o same_o sentiment_n into_o all_o their_o auditor_n and_o in_o all_o place_n where_o they_o have_v any_o authority_n or_o direction_n of_o the_o school_n they_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o all_o the_o heathen_a author_n under_o pretence_n that_o the_o youth_n may_v not_o be_v debauch_v and_o corrupt_v with_o the_o error_n of_o the_o gentile_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n for_o they_o to_o study_v in_o book_n fill_v with_o the_o fable_n and_o name_n of_o the_o heathen_a god_n which_o no_o good_a christian_n ought_v so_o much_o as_o to_o mention_v it_o be_v a_o very_a common_a story_n too_o which_o they_o spread_v abroad_o that_o st._n jerom_n be_v whip_v with_o rod_n in_o a_o dream_n by_o the_o devil_n because_o he_o read_v cicero_n with_o too_o great_a a_o application_n and_o about_o the_o year_n four_o hundred_o the_o council_n of_o carthage_n strict_o prohibit_v the_o bishop_n the_o read_n of_o any_o heathen_a book_n and_o as_o in_o those_o miserable_a time_n few_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o study_n of_o letter_n except_o those_o that_o be_v destine_v to_o divinity_n so_o that_o the_o few_o relic_n of_o learning_n be_v whole_o engross_v by_o the_o clergy_n the_o school_n already_o ruin_v be_v only_o use_v to_o attain_v the_o end_n which_o they_o propose_v to_o themselves_o that_o be_v the_o propagation_n of_o ignorance_n and_o the_o student_n be_v very_o well_o satisfy_v with_o the_o remission_n and_o neglect_n of_o their_o usual_a study_n as_o be_v mighty_o afraid_a of_o become_v too_o learned_a that_o such_o a_o barbarity_n do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o the_o introduction_n of_o popery_n we_o may_v learn_v from_o hence_o that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v impossible_a in_o any_o but_o such_o ignorant_a time_n to_o have_v make_v the_o epistolae_fw-la decretales_fw-la ascribe_v to_o the_o first_o pope_n pass_v for_o lawful_a wherein_o they_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v always_o the_o right_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o give_v law_n at_o least_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n to_o all_o that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o christian_n but_o afterward_o when_o the_o light_n of_o knowledge_n begin_v to_o glimmer_v a_o little_a in_o europe_n and_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a any_o long_o to_o contain_v the_o european_a nation_n now_o their_o eye_n be_v open_v in_o a_o slavery_n a_o gross_a and_o blind_a ignorance_n have_v give_v birth_n to_o the_o pope_n who_o have_v usurp_v the_o care_n and_o inspection_n of_o the_o school_n and_o nursery_n of_o learning_n introduce_v therein_o the_o most_o miserable_a pedantry_n that_o ever_o can_v be_v imagine_v and_o which_o even_o to_o this_o day_n his_o creature_n teach_v and_o maintain_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o zeal_n in_o all_o their_o school_n but_o that_o which_o do_v chief_o seem_v to_o have_v powerful_o contribute_v to_o this_o greatness_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o true_a fundamental_a politic_n wherein_o be_v contain_v the_o cause_n nature_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o right_n and_o may_v of_o sovereign_n and_o wherein_o among_o other_o thing_n be_v demonstrate_v that_o to_o the_o perfection_n of_o any_o state_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v neither_o lessen_v nor_o divide_v and_o particular_o we_o find_v that_o even_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a politician_n do_v teach_v very_o pernicious_a lesson_n concern_v the_o mixture_n and_o division_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n inspire_v the_o common_a people_n with_o sentiment_n of_o love_n and_o kindness_n for_o a_o democratical_a or_o aristocratical_a state_n but_o a_o inveterate_a hatred_n against_o monarchy_n and_o that_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o more_o they_o can_v bind_v their_o prince_n hand_n the_o more_o happy_a will_v be_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o republic_n now_o these_o dangerous_a maxim_n be_v not_o a_o little_a confirm_v by_o the_o violent_a and_o tyrannical_a government_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v mortal_o hate_v by_o the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o subject_n so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o this_o science_n be_v quite_o overwhelm_v and_o lose_v in_o a_o universal_a ignorance_n especial_o while_o the_o clergy_n be_v of_o a_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o their_o profession_n from_o hence_o it_o come_v that_o upon_o the_o first_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o spiritual_a sovereignty_n the_o world_n so_o little_o consider_v or_o understand_v the_o consequence_n of_o such_o a_o work_n and_o how_o prejudicial_a it_o be_v like_a to_o be_v to_o the_o supreme_a secular_a power_n which_o if_o they_o have_v do_v they_o will_v undoubted_o have_v oppose_v themselves_o to_o its_o first_o growth_n and_o have_v quash_v a_o egg_n that_o shall_v produce_v so_o terrible_a a_o scorpion_n and_o we_o see_v even_o at_o this_o day_n that_o in_o all_o school_n where_o popish_a priest_n bear_v sway_n they_o do_v entire_o stifle_v the_o science_n of_o the_o politic_n or_o at_o least_o they_o do_v so_o turn_v and_o wrest_v the_o principle_n thereof_o that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o not_o choke_v the_o papal_a authority_n but_o do_v rather_o serve_v to_o establish_v and_o confirm_v it_o sect._n 15._o the_o reason_n that_o induce_v the_o pretend_a sovereign_n of_o the_o church_n to_o make_v rome_n the_o seat_n of_o his_o government_n be_v chief_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o city_n which_o as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n so_o be_v it_o afterward_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n emperor_n for_o as_o for_o what_o the_o papist_n tell_v of_o st._n peter_n chair_n that_o be_v a_o pure_a fiction_n and_o story_n invent_v by_o they_o to_o colour_v the_o usurpation_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v manifest_a enough_o from_o hence_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n when_o that_o city_n become_v the_o capital_a of_o the_o new_a eastern_a empire_n enjoy_v the_o second_o place_n after_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o after_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n the_o priority_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n have_v often_o be_v dispute_v by_o the_o succeed_a bishop_n of_o constantinople_n after_o that_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o heathen_a emperor_n be_v quite_o cease_v and_o that_o the_o christian_a religion_n begin_v to_o breath_n liberty_n and_o the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o clergy_n endeavour_v insensible_o to_o introduce_v a_o hierarchy_n or_o church-government_n into_o the_o republic_n under_o
the_o pretext_n of_o establish_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n and_o set_v they_o in_o good_a order_n to_o which_o end_n the_o bishop_n begin_v to_o lord_n it_o over_o the_o ordinary_a priest_n and_o to_o observe_v even_o a_o kind_n of_o subordination_n among_o themselves_o and_o to_o such_o as_o be_v bishop_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n in_o each_o province_n they_o appoint_v the_o care_n and_o inspection_n over_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o same_o province_n and_o name_v they_o metropolitan_n who_o about_o eight_o age_n afterward_o take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o arch-bishop_n among_o these_o there_o be_v four_o that_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n above_o all_o the_o rest_n namely_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n constantinople_n antioch_n and_o alexandria_n those_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a city_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v jerusalem_n famous_a for_o its_o ancient_a holiness_n and_o although_o the_o emperor_n phocas_n out_o of_o the_o hatred_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n who_o have_v refuse_v to_o approve_v of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o emperor_n maurice_n have_v give_v the_o pre-eminence_n to_o boniface_n the_o three_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o thereupon_o take_v the_o name_n of_o ecumenical_a or_o universal_a bishop_n yet_o this_o prerogative_n do_v only_o consist_v in_o a_o simple_a preference_n and_o do_v not_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o any_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n which_o none_o of_o the_o other_o patriarch_n will_v ever_o yield_v to_o he_o and_o we_o read_v that_o the_o bishop_n in_o africa_n when_o he_o of_o rome_n will_v have_v oblige_v they_o to_o truckle_n to_o his_o power_n allege_v to_o that_o intent_n a_o falsify_v canon_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n do_v very_o vigorous_o resist_v and_o baffle_v that_o his_o design_n beside_o in_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o papal_a supremacy_n we_o find_v nothing_o divine_a but_o all_o build_v upon_o humane_a institution_n and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o reason_n to_o be_v give_v why_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v the_o first_o place_n than_o he_o of_o antioch_n the_o three_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o one_o state_n have_v no_o power_n to_o prescribe_v law_n to_o another_o whole_o independent_a of_o it_o therefore_o those_o privilege_n which_o have_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o pope_n by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o the_o ancient_a council_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o congregation_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n can_v oblige_v any_o other_o state_n to_o obedience_n nor_o extend_v themselves_o far_o than_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o ancient_a empire_n and_o if_o perhaps_o in_o succeed_a time_n some_o few_o christian_a state_n have_v give_v the_o pope_n any_o authority_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n within_o their_o dominion_n they_o do_v it_o without_o doubt_n either_o because_o they_o know_v upon_o what_o ground_n that_o pretend_a power_n be_v found_v or_o else_o they_o be_v surprise_v and_o cheat_v into_o obedience_n if_o it_o be_v the_o first_o there_o be_v no_o other_o probable_a reason_n to_o be_v give_v for_o it_o than_o that_o it_o original_o proceed_v from_o some_o covenant_n or_o agreement_n make_v betwixt_o those_o state_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n while_o the_o former_a imagine_v that_o their_o church_n can_v not_o be_v well_o govern_v till_o they_o abandon_v the_o care_n and_o direction_n of_o they_o to_o the_o latter_a now_o such_o a_o agreement_n primary_o depend_v on_o the_o free_a will_n and_o consent_n of_o any_o republic_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o other_o obligation_n be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n when_o it_o turn_v to_o the_o extreme_a disadvantage_n of_o the_o republic_n or_o when_o the_o pope_n abuse_v that_o power_n which_o be_v grant_v to_o they_o but_o if_o this_o papal_a supremacy_n be_v introduce_v dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la by_o the_o trick_n and_o cheat_v of_o the_o knavish_a priest_n than_o the_o abuse_v and_o miss-led_n state_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v discover_v how_o they_o have_v be_v impose_v on_o may_v lawful_o cast_v off_o so_o unjust_a a_o yoke_n and_o have_v right_a to_o pursue_v the_o cheater_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o refund_v all_o the_o damage_n they_o have_v sustain_v by_o his_o usurpation_n sect._n 16._o but_o it_o be_v not_o all_o at_o once_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n be_v able_a to_o lay_v so_o heavy_a a_o yoke_n on_o all_o the_o western_a church_n on_o the_o contrary_a he_o find_v himself_o oblige_v to_o insinuate_v this_o his_o usurp_a authority_n by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o steal_v it_o insensible_o by_o divers_a slight_v and_o artifices_fw-la and_o where_o once_o he_o happen_v to_o fasten_v his_o claw_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v he_o lose_v his_o hold_n till_o he_o have_v carry_v away_o a_o good_a share_n of_o the_o prey_n beside_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n never_o be_v want_v to_o serve_v themselves_o very_o advantageous_o of_o a_o good_a occasion_n of_o which_o the_o most_o advantageous_a to_o they_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v the_o emperor_n leave_v rome_n and_o choose_v other_o city_n for_o their_o residence_n whereas_o if_o they_o have_v always_o continue_v to_o have_v maintain_v their_o authority_n in_o that_o place_n the_o bishop_n thereof_o will_v have_v never_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o have_v erect_v themselves_o into_o sovereign_n as_o we_o see_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n who_o perhaps_o have_v no_o less_o vanity_n and_o itch_a after_o gevernment_n than_o he_o of_o rome_n be_v never_o able_a to_o raise_v his_o authority_n to_o so_o high_a a_o flight_n the_o division_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n into_o several_a new_a kingdom_n found_v by_o the_o heathen_a and_o unlearned_a people_n do_v no_o less_o contribute_v to_o the_o aggrandize_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n for_o these_o people_n be_v all_o convert_v by_o the_o prelate_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n think_v themselves_o therefore_o very_o much_o oblige_v to_o honour_n and_o respect_v they_o and_o pay_v a_o deference_n to_o they_o as_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o most_o considerable_a christian_n of_o the_o west_n it_o be_v not_o our_o design_n here_o to_o deduce_v all_o circumstance_n at_o length_n it_o be_v enough_o that_o we_o represent_v the_o most_o remarkable_a in_o haste_n as_o it_o be_v and_o enpassant_a but_o one_o thing_n we_o can_v let_v slip_n unobserved_a that_o the_o bishop_n beyond_o the_o alps_o after_o the_o five_o century_n be_v use_v to_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n to_o visit_v there_o the_o grave_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n either_o out_o of_o superstition_n and_o biggottry_n or_o else_o in_o sign_n of_o their_o approve_v and_o follow_v those_o apostle_n doctrine_n which_o voluntary_a piece_n of_o devotion_n be_v afterward_o change_v into_o a_o act_n of_o necessity_n so_o that_o as_o many_o as_o afterward_o neglect_v that_o voyage_n be_v excommunicate_v from_o which_o custom_n without_o doubt_n the_o pope_n have_v pretend_v to_o oblige_v all_o bishop_n to_o receive_v their_o confirmation_n from_o rome_n the_o other_o bishop_n too_o and_o church_n have_v often_o recourse_n to_o that_o of_o rome_n as_o novice_n to_o their_o superior_n in_o all_o weighty_a affair_n consult_v their_o advice_n in_o the_o use_n and_o explication_n of_o the_o canon_n now_o when_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n perceive_v that_o their_o answer_n be_v receive_v as_o absolute_a decision_n they_o begin_v to_o make_v decree_n and_o order_n before_o ever_o they_o be_v desire_v to_o do_v it_o under_o the_o pretence_n that_o rome_n be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a seat_n of_o christendom_n it_o be_v the_o right_n and_o office_n of_o the_o bishop_n thereof_o to_o see_v that_o the_o canon_n and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n be_v put_v in_o execution_n thereupon_o they_o constitute_v immediate_a judge_n of_o the_o difference_n among_o the_o other_o bishop_n encroach_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o metropolitan_o depose_v the_o bishop_n which_o be_v either_o not_o right_o ordain_v or_o that_o be_v accuse_v of_o any_o great_a crime_n and_o force_v they_o to_o come_v to_o rome_n to_o plead_v their_o cause_n in_o person_n after_o which_o all_o such_o as_o desire_v to_o enjoy_v any_o prerogative_n or_o exemption_n from_o the_o ordinary_a canon_n go_v to_o rome_n where_o they_o be_v always_o well_o receive_v and_o gratify_v in_o their_o request_n that_o so_o the_o pope_n may_v there_o erect_v a_o general_a office_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o dispensation_n those_o also_o that_o have_v lose_v their_o cause_n before_o the_o ordinary_a magistrate_n be_v wont_a out_o of_o spite_n to_o appeal_v to_o rome_n where_o they_o be_v always_o welcome_a and_o seldom_o fail_v of_o a_o good_a exit_fw-la thus_o the_o french_a historian_n tell_v we_o that_o when_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n have_v erect_v the_o city_n of_o
be_v free_a especial_o whilst_o it_o seem_v very_o strange_a to_o they_o that_o the_o pope_n who_o be_v a_o clergyman_n shall_v likewise_o be_v a_o temporal_a prince_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o rome_n take_v up_o arm_n and_o drive_v out_o of_o their_o city_n pope_n leo_n the_o three_o who_o betake_v himself_o to_o charlemagne_n be_v by_o he_o re-establish_v in_o his_o popedom_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o pope_n conjoint_o with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n declare_v charlemagne_n emperor_n whereby_o he_o become_v sovereign_a over_o the_o exarchate_o of_o ravenna_n and_o other_o place_n of_o italy_n which_o have_v raise_v themselves_o into_o free_a state_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n so_o that_o afterward_o the_o pope_n himself_o hold_v those_o land_n dependent_o of_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v likewise_o name_v advocatus_fw-la et_fw-la defensor_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la which_o last_v till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o four_o sect._n 21._o but_o at_o last_o this_o advocacy_n or_o protection_n of_o the_o emperor_n begin_v to_o seem_v tedious_a to_o the_o pope_n because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v elect_v without_o the_o emperor_n consent_n and_o confirmation_n who_o use_v likewise_o to_o curb_v they_o when_o they_o grow_v insolent_a and_o proceed_v even_o sometime_o to_o the_o deposal_n of_o they_o now_o to_o shake_v off_o this_o heavy_a yoke_n of_o the_o emperor_n the_o pope_n leave_v no_o stone_n unturned_a and_o take_v a_o wonderful_a deal_n of_o pain_n before_o they_o can_v attain_v to_o their_o desire_n it_o be_v therefore_o they_o labour_v so_o earnest_o to_o give_v the_o emperor_n their_o hand_n full_a of_o work_n sometime_o in_o germany_n sometime_o in_o italy_n thereby_o to_o weaken_v their_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o which_o the_o german_a bishop_n do_v not_o a_o little_a concur_v who_o be_v not_o well_o please_v to_o be_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o receive_v their_o bishopric_n at_o his_o hand_n therefore_o they_o conspire_v with_o the_o pope_n to_o establish_v a_o absolute_a sovereignty_n in_o the_o church_n and_o to_o put_v this_o their_o design_n in_o execution_n they_o find_v no_o time_n more_o convenient_a or_o proper_a than_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o dissolute_a life_n and_o government_n be_v in_o perpetual_a dissension_n with_o his_o state_n of_o germany_n therefore_o when_o gregory_n the_o seven_o who_o be_v before_o name_v hildebrand_n ascend_v the_o papal_a chair_n be_v a_o proud_a ambitious_a and_o resolute_a man_n he_o begin_v to_o exclaim_v against_o the_o emperor_n give_v out_o that_o the_o distribution_n of_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n do_v not_o belong_v to_o he_o because_o he_o make_v a_o scandalous_a traffic_n of_o they_o sell_v they_o to_o people_n of_o a_o ill_a repute_n and_o installing_n they_o therein_o before_o they_o have_v take_v holy_a order_n and_o because_o the_o emperor_n undertake_v to_o defend_v his_o just_a right_n the_o pope_n thunder_v out_o a_o excommunication_n and_o animate_v the_o bishop_n and_o the_o other_o sate_z of_o germany_n against_o he_o and_o give_v he_o so_o much_o trouble_v and_o vexation_n that_o at_o last_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o abandon_v his_o right_n of_o bestow_v the_o bishopric_n and_o leave_v they_o whole_o in_o the_o pope_n disposal_n but_o the_o pope_n main_a aim_n be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o free_v the_o bishop_n from_o the_o emperor_n jurisdiction_n as_o to_o make_v himself_o supreme_a in_o italy_n and_o to_o bring_v all_o the_o prince_n in_o subjection_n to_o the_o papal_a chair_n and_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o may_v at_o last_o have_v effect_v what_o he_o have_v begin_v whilst_o europe_n at_o that_o time_n be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o little_a lordship_n and_o most_o of_o they_o have_v weak_a and_o inconsiderable_a prince_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o either_o out_o of_o devotion_n or_o else_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v swallow_v up_o by_o the_o great_a one_o choose_v free_o to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o papal_a chair_n and_o to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n so_o that_o if_o there_o have_v but_o succeed_v three_o or_o four_o pope_n as_o courageous_a and_o cunning_a as_o gregory_n cover_v their_o design_n with_o the_o veil_n of_o religion_n and_o take_v the_o specious_a pretext_n of_o defend_v the_o people_n interest_n against_o the_o oppression_n of_o their_o prince_n they_o have_v make_v themselves_o temporal_a as_o well_o as_o spiritual_a monarch_n and_o the_o pope_n do_v not_o only_o pretend_v to_o slip_v his_o neck_n out_o of_o the_o collar_n and_o free_v himself_o from_o the_o emperor_n power_n but_o he_o do_v likewise_o endeavour_v to_o make_v he_o take_v his_o turn_n and_o to_o submit_v he_o to_o his_o own_o authority_n for_o he_o make_v himself_o judge_n of_o the_o emperor_n action_n summon_v he_o to_o appear_v before_o his_o tribunal_n and_o answer_v to_o the_o complaint_n which_o his_o subject_n make_v against_o he_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o non-appearance_n he_o declare_v he_o excommunicate_v and_o fall_v from_o the_o empire_n and_o although_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o five_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v what_o the_o pope_n have_v squeeze_v out_o of_o his_o father_n and_z seizing_z upon_o pope_n paschal_n oblige_v he_o to_o restore_v to_o he_o his_o right_n of_o invest_v the_o bishop_n yet_o the_o clergy_n of_o europe_n be_v so_o discontent_v therewith_o and_o tease_v he_o continual_o till_o they_o have_v force_v he_o in_o the_o year_n 1122._o to_o resign_v for_o ever_o that_o right_o to_o the_o pope_n not_o long_o before_o the_o same_o dispute_n arise_v in_o england_n which_o at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 1107._o be_v thus_o adjust_v the_o king_n shall_v no_o long_o insist_v upon_o his_o right_n of_o invest_v the_o bishop_n and_o they_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o that_o favour_n shall_v do_v he_o homage_n which_o article_n be_v not_o very_o please_v to_o the_o pope_n who_o have_v be_v better_o content_v if_o they_o have_v refuse_v to_o pay_v any_o sort_n of_o submission_n to_o their_o king_n as_o he_o do_v effectual_o forbid_v the_o bishop_n of_o france_n to_o do_v but_o lewis_n the_o six_o and_o his_o successor_n stand_v up_o so_o stout_o in_o defence_n of_o this_o their_o right_n that_o the_o pope_n be_v force_v with_o shame_n to_o quit_v his_o pretension_n beside_o fear_v to_o draw_v upon_o his_o head_n two_o powerful_a monarch_n of_o germany_n and_o france_n he_o think_v it_o better_a to_o keep_v in_o with_o one_o who_o he_o in_o time_n of_o need_n may_v oppose_v against_o the_o other_o especial_o while_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o his_o interest_n to_o weaken_v the_o french_a king_n with_o who_o he_o have_v not_o so_o many_o feather_n to_o pluck_v as_o to_o humble_v the_o emperor_n who_o be_v then_o very_o powerful_a in_o italy_n and_o endeavour_v to_o bring_v into_o subjection_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n beside_o he_o know_v that_o germany_n be_v not_o so_o straight_o unite_v as_o france_n and_o while_o the_o other_o prince_n be_v jealous_a and_o apprehensive_a of_o the_o emperor_n greatness_n they_o easy_o agree_v with_o the_o pope_n to_o humble_v he_o a_o little_a which_o design_n they_o palliate_v with_o the_o pretence_n of_o protect_v the_o papal_a chair_n and_o the_o church_n authority_n it_o be_v true_a frederick_n the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o use_v all_o their_o effort_n to_o re-establish_a the_o imperial_a power_n over_o the_o pope_n but_o ineffectual_o while_o italy_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o two_o faction_n of_o the_o guelph_n and_o gihelines_n the_o former_a of_o which_o hold_v with_o the_o pope_n the_o latter_a with_o the_o emperor_n and_o cause_v so_o obstinate_a and_o implacable_a quarrel_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o emperor_n to_o reduce_v italy_n to_o a_o perfect_a obedience_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o frederick_n the_o second_o whilst_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o a_o strange_a confusion_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_a interregnum_fw-la that_o then_o succeed_v the_o follow_a emperor_n thank_v god_n that_o they_o can_v maintain_v themselves_o peaceable_o in_o germany_n without_o trouble_v their_o head_n any_o more_o with_o the_o affair_n of_o italy_n so_o that_o the_o pope_n have_v quiet_o exercise_v their_o sovereignty_n as_o well_o personal_o as_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n sect._n 22._o but_o this_o greatness_n can_v not_o terminate_v the_o pope_n ambition_n but_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o his_o start_v another_o doctrine_n which_o serve_v to_o extend_v his_o power_n far_o beyond_o that_o of_o all_o other_o prince_n for_o it_o maintain_v a_o sort_n of_o a_o indirect_a authority_n right_a of_o examine_v and_o animadvert_v on_o the_o action_n of_o all_o the_o temporal_a sovereign_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o say_v in_o
learned_a men._n they_o have_v likewise_o in_o the_o romish_a church_n make_v a_o great_a reformation_n among_o the_o ordinary_a priest_n and_o friar_n and_o that_o brutality_n and_o ignorance_n which_o heretofore_o be_v so_o common_a among_o they_o be_v now_o no_o more_o to_o be_v see_v the_o brave_a and_o learned_a sermon_n of_o luther_n be_v that_o which_o at_o first_o procure_v he_o and_o his_o disciple_n so_o great_a a_o concourse_n of_o people_n they_o edify_v a_o great_a many_o by_o the_o excellent_a book_n which_o they_o put_v out_o in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o meditation_n piety_n prayer_n and_o spiritual_a exercise_n both_o which_o the_o papist_n have_v since_o imitate_v and_o there_o be_v find_v among_o they_o a_o great_a many_o good_a preacher_n and_o wholesome_a book_n of_o prayer_n and_o meditation_n so_o that_o at_o present_a the_o protestant_a clergy_n have_v no_o long_o reason_n to_o reproach_v the_o romish_a with_o their_o want_n of_o that_o modesty_n and_o excellent_a conduct_n which_o they_o observe_v in_o the_o external_a service_n of_o god_n they_o be_v also_o well_o verse_v in_o all_o controversy_n and_o be_v ready_a with_o whole_a dozen_o of_o distinction_n for_o every_o objection_n make_v against_o they_o for_o example_n whereas_o there_o be_v nothing_o can_v be_v more_o ridiculous_o invent_v than_o the_o pope_n distribute_v out_o indulgence_n for_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o thousand_o year_n they_o give_v it_o a_o colour_n with_o the_o distinction_n of_o intensiuè_fw-la and_o extensiuè_fw-la potentialiter_fw-la and_o actualiter_fw-la wherein_o the_o young_a student_n take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pleasure_n and_o the_o ignorant_a imagine_v some_o great_a mystery_n to_o be_v envelop_v therein_o whereas_o also_o in_o luther_n time_n the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o their_o hatred_n to_o learned_a man_n be_v so_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o popedom_n those_o of_o that_o communion_n and_o especial_o the_o jesuit_n have_v since_o find_v remedy_n for_o that_o inconvenience_n for_o the_o jesuit_n have_v not_o only_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o information_n and_o instruction_n of_o the_o youth_n but_o in_o the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v establish_v they_o have_v as_o it_o be_v make_v a_o monopoly_n thereof_o so_o that_o learning_n be_v now_o so_o far_o from_o be_v any_o long_a prejudicial_a to_o they_o that_o it_o procure_v they_o great_a advantage_n last_o they_o desist_v from_o the_o propagation_n of_o their_o religion_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o endeavour_v to_o allure_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o protestant_n with_o good_a word_n great_a promise_n and_o effectual_a preferment_n those_o that_o will_v go_v over_o to_o they_o if_o they_o have_v any_o part_n and_o capacity_n be_v sure_a to_o make_v their_o fortune_n to_o which_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o church_n riches_n they_o have_v the_o best_a opportunity_n in_o the_o world_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o will_v turn_v protestant_n and_o do_v not_o bring_v mean_n along_o with_o he_o or_o be_v not_o of_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a understanding_n he_o have_v nothing_o but_o contemptible_a poverty_n to_o expect_v last_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n have_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o raise_n up_o and_o restore_v of_o the_o popedom_n by_o drive_v out_o the_o protestant_n not_o only_o out_o of_o its_o hereditary_a land_n but_o likewise_o from_o bohemia_n and_o the_o depend_v province_n and_o late_o out_o of_o all_o hungary_n or_o else_o by_o oblige_v they_o to_o embrace_v the_o romish_a religion_n sect._n 29._o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o may_v easy_o be_v understand_v how_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v this_o spiritual_a monarchy_n have_v insinuate_v itself_o in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o christendom_n but_o that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o conceive_v the_o structure_n and_o all_o the_o resort_n of_o this_o machine_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o pope_n two_o way_n first_o as_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n and_o second_o as_o the_o ghostly_a sovereign_n of_o the_o occidental_a church_n as_o to_o the_o first_o we_o say_v that_o the_o pope_n may_v very_o well_o pass_v for_o one_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n in_o italy_n but_o under_o this_o consideration_n must_v he_o yield_v to_o most_o of_o the_o potentate_n of_o europe_n his_o territory_n be_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n with_o its_o dependence_n on_o both_o the_o side_n the_o tiber_n the_o duchy_n of_o benevento_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n of_o spoletto_n urbino_n and_o ferrara_n the_o marquisate_n of_o ancona_n several_a place_n in_o hetruria_n as_o also_o the_o romaniola_n or_o flaminia_n contain_v the_o city_n of_o bolonia_n and_o ravenna_n in_o france_n he_o have_v the_o county_n of_o avignon_n parma_n be_v a_o fee_n of_o the_o church_n which_o paul_n the_o three_o invest_v his_o son_n peter_n lewis_n farnesse_n with_o though_o since_o that_o time_n it_o have_v be_v resolve_v that_o for_o the_o future_a it_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o the_o pope_n power_n to_o alienate_v the_o vacant_a fee_n nor_o invest_v any_o one_o with_o the_o church-land_n for_o fear_v of_o weaken_v the_o papal_a state_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o pope_n may_v have_v wherewithal_o to_o maintain_v his_o court_n if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o any_o part_n of_o his_o foreign_a revenue_n shall_v fail_v or_o come_v short_a the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v likewise_o a_o fee_n or_o copyhold_a of_o the_o church_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o which_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n do_v yearly_o present_v the_o pope_n with_o a_o white_a hackney_n and_o five_o thousand_o ducat_n as_o for_o the_o pope_n pretension_n upon_o other_o land_n they_o be_v now_o no_o long_o passable_a all_o these_o country_n be_v people_v and_o fertile_a enough_o and_o do_v comprehend_v a_o great_a many_o considerable_a town_n and_o city_n from_o whence_o the_o pope_n do_v yearly_o draw_v about_o two_o million_o of_o gold_n and_o his_o officer_n be_v very_o careful_a that_o the_o people_n may_v not_o grow_v too_o rich_a though_o there_o be_v good_a soldier_n enough_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o pope_n dominion_n yet_o his_o militia_n be_v not_o very_o considerable_a whilst_o the_o mean_v he_o use_v to_o maintain_v his_o country_n be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o those_o of_o other_o prince_n he_o keep_v ready_a equip_v about_o twenty_o galley_n which_o usual_o lie_v at_o civita_n vecchia_n the_o politic_a maxim_n of_o the_o pope_n which_o he_o as_o temporal_a prince_n put_v in_o practice_n do_v most_o consist_v in_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o italy_n and_o retain_v it_o in_o the_o same_o posture_n and_o condition_n as_o it_o be_v at_o present_a and_o especial_o in_o suppress_v any_o upstart_n power_n that_o may_v give_v law_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n beside_o it_o be_v his_o peculiar_a interest_n to_o hinder_v the_o turk_n from_o get_v footing_n in_o italy_n and_o in_o case_n of_o any_o invasion_n to_o unite_v not_o only_o all_o the_o italian_a prince_n but_o likewise_o all_o christendom_n against_o he_o who_o likewise_o ought_v not_o to_o suffer_v that_o this_o noble_a country_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o barbarian_n the_o pope_n have_v now_o no_o reason_n to_o be_v alarm_v by_o germany_n as_o long_o as_o it_o do_v continue_v in_o its_o present_a form_n of_o government_n but_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o fall_v under_o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n it_o may_v easy_o revive_v its_o old_a pretension_n spain_n and_o france_n be_v those_o which_o can_v only_o give_v the_o pope_n his_o hand_n full_a of_o business_n and_o therefore_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o it_o be_v the_o pope_n interest_n to_o foment_n a_o continual_a division_n betwixt_o they_o or_o to_o balance_v they_o so_o equal_o that_o neither_o may_v be_v able_a to_o trample_v upon_o the_o other_o i_o do_v doubt_v but_o the_o pope_n wish_v with_o all_o his_o heart_n that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v not_o so_o near_o a_o neighbour_n to_o he_o in_o italy_n and_o will_v not_o be_v sorry_a to_o see_v he_o drive_v out_o of_o naples_n but_o there_o be_v no_o probability_n that_o he_o can_v effect_v that_o himself_o and_o to_o call_v in_o the_o french_a to_o drive_v out_o the_o spanish_a be_v to_o leap_v out_o of_o the_o frying-pan_n into_o the_o fire_n therefore_o the_o pope_n must_v be_v content_v to_o hinder_v the_o spanish_a from_o make_v any_o great_a progress_n in_o italy_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n spain_n shall_v attempt_v it_o france_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o italian_a prince_n will_v soon_o be_v upon_o their_o back_n nor_o be_v it_o less_o the_o pope_n interest_n to_o hinder_v france_n from_o get_v so_o sure_a foot_n there_o as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o sway_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o country_n according_a to_o its_o own_o will_n