of Italy not farre from Naples scituated on the sea shore 1388 miles from Ierusalem Westward taking that name from fountains or Wels of hot water being built by the Salamians as Eusebius saith about such time as the Tarquins were banished Rome 507 yeares before the natiuitie of Christ It was antiently called Dicaearchia because of their singular justice noble gouernment But when the Romans made war against Hannibal they fortified this town to withstand his forces and then called it Puteoli which name it retained a long time after At this day it is called Puzzoli At this city the Apostle Paul his companions ariued when they sailed into Rome Acts 27. Between Puteoli and Baia there lieth the lake of Lucrinus into which by the command of Augustus Caesar a Dolphin was thrown Now there was a young Youth called Simon the son of a poore man dwelling in Baia who vsually played among other youths vpon the banks of this lake and seeing the Dolphin it being a strange fish in those parts and verie amiable to looke vpon did take great delight in it and oft times fed it with bread and other things as he could get insomuch as the Dolphin when it heard the boyes voice vpon the banks of the riuer would resort to him receiue at his hand his accustomed food Thus it continued so long that the Dolphin would suffer the boy to handle him take him by the gils play with him yea and somtimes to get vpon his backe then swim with him a great way into the lake and bring him back again and suffer him to go safe vpon the shore After this manner hee continued for many yeares together and in the end the youth died Yet the Dolphin resorted to his vsuall place expecting his accustomed food from the hands of this boy but missing him he left the shore languisht away and died Concerning the nature of this fish you may read more at large in Pliny lib. 9. cap. 8. Of Colossa THis City is scituated in Phrygia a countrey in Asia minor neere the riuers of Lycus and Meander 520 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward not farre from Laodicea so called from the mighty statues and Colosso's that were set vp in it These cities Colossa Laodicea and Hierapolis where the Apostle Philip was put to death in the tenth yeare of Nero a little before Pauls martyrdome were sunke by an earthquake which without doubt was a great judgement of God vpon them because they refused the grace and comfort of the doctrine of the Gospel offered vnto them by the Apostles The Epistle of Paul dedicated to the Colossians was sent by the hand of Onesymus from Rome vnto these towns being 1080 miles For although the Rhodians were called Colossians because of that famous Colossus that stood there yet this city wherein Archippus and Philemon dwelt to whom Paul directed that Epistle stood in Phrygia a country of Asia minor and not in Rhodes Of Nicopolis NIcopolis is a city of Macedonia scituated close by the riuer Nessus not far from Philippus vpon the borders of Thrace 920 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward From hence the Apostle Paul wrot his Epistle to Titus and sent it to Creet 600 miles There are many other cities of this name one standing in Epyre built by Augustus another betweene Cilicia and Syria built by Alexander in glory of his victorie against Darius A fourth in Bythinia a fift in the holy land formerly called Emaus Of Rome THis city if wee rightly consider the deriuation of the name in Hebrew was not built without the singular prouidence of God being deriued of Rom i. Hee hath exalted or made high But the Grecians deriue it from Romen i. strength power Now although the prouidence of God extendeth to euery Creature may to the very haires of a mans head yet where hee determines to expresse his singular power there hee worketh beyond the expectation of man And who knowes not that the beginning of this City was meane raised from a confused company destitute both of ciuilitie communitie and lawes yet hath it bin and for the most part is the glory of the world and the great commander of the Princes of the earth It was so called at first by Romulus as Livy lib. 1. saith who first built it seuen hundred fifty and one yeares before the Natiuitie of Christ being scituated vpon seuen hils that is Capitolinus Aventinus Palatinus Caelius Exquilinus Viminalis and Quirinalis But after when the City was compassed about with walls the hill Ianiculus was inclosed within it The Vallies that lay between these hils were so raised vp with arches vaults and artificial mounts that in processe of time they became levell with the top of some of those hills It was beautified with faire and sumptuous buildings so that as it was the head of the world for command and power in like like manner it exceeded all the rest of the world for glory and riches but principally for stately buildings There were many goodly Temples dedicated to Iupiter Apollo Aesculapius Hercules Diana Iuno Minerva Lucia Concordia Fides Pietas Pax Victoria Isis besides many other dedicated to other gods But aboue all that was the most sumptuous that was called Pantheon deorum at this day called the Church of All hallowes Moreouer here was to be seen the princely Edifices of Kings Emperors Consuls Senators Patricians and other Romans who were mighty in wealth and substance built all of polished Marble beautified with gold and siluer beside palaces bulwarks theatres triumphant arches statues and such like al which were glorious and greatly adorned the city But aboue al these the house of Nero was most worthy of obseruation which to see to was built all of burnisht gold very curiously wrought Here also stood the monuments of the two Caesars Iulius and Augustus also their statues the one made of pure brasse the other of white marble Besides there were many fruitfull orchards water-courses wholsome baths brought thither by Antonius Nero Dioclesian and Constantine the Great Also the Emperor Constantine erected many goodly churches for the vse of the Christians indowed them with great means and amongst the rest that which was dedicated to Saint Iohn of Latteran a faire and goodly Church and for riches and curious workemanship might compare with the stateliest Temples that euer had beene in the world most of the ornaments and images beeing made of Gold and Siluer hee also erected the Vattican which was dedicated to Saint Peter and another holy house dedicated to Saint Paul in either of which he placed their seueral sepulchres and monuments bestowing extraordinary cost to beautifie them So many were the gifts and gratuites of this Emperour that they can scarce bee numbred so that although the Emperour Trajan and Boniface the fourth Pope of Rome bestowed great cost to beautifie and adorne the city yet were they nothing comparable to that which this Emperor did These things then beeing presented to your viewe
ITINERARIVM TOTIVS SACRAE SCRIPTVRAE OR The Trauels of the holy Patriarchs Prophets Iudges Kings our Sauiour Christ and his Apostles as they are related in the Old and New TESTAMENTS With a description of the Townes and Places to which they trauelled and how many English miles they stood from IERVSALEM Also a short Treatise of the Weights Monies and Measures mentioned in the Scriptures reduced to our English valuations quantitie and weight Collected out of the Works of HENRY BVNTING and done into English by R.B. LONDON Printed by ADAM ISLIP 1636. TO THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE SIR HENRY MOVNTAGVE Knight Lord chiefe Iustice of the Kings Majesties BENCH IT is a true saying of the Philosopher Right Honourable and my very good Lord that there is nothing wherin there is life but it hath either motion or action and such is the condition of man that a greater measure of both is imposed vpon him to humble him than vpon many other creatures The whole course of his life being compared vnto a Pilgrimage in which state a man can presume vpon no certaine continuance For as a Traueller that intendeth to finish his journey staies not in his Inne but desires more to be vpon his way than in his bed so it is with man who cannot possesse himselfe in rest from the time of his birth vntill his death and oftentimes is troubled with needlesse and vnprofitable Labours to attaine vnto his ends which got both they and he perish Let Alexander that great Emperour be a president of this who with much Labour hauing got a great estate enjoyed it but a short time and you may reade in this Treatise with what intollerable paines Antigonus Epiphanes endeauoured to establish his kingdome to him and yet in the end purchased little but a lamentable death There is none of the Patriarchs Princes Iudges Kings Prophets Apostles or others mentioned in the Scriptures that could make euident in the whole course of their life any better than a laborious and tedious Pilgrimage With what paines did Abraham wander from Chaldaea into the land of Canaan How was Moses tormented in the Wildernesse almost to the losse of his soule but absolutely neuer to come into the promised land And for Dauid how miserably liued hee when he could not trust his owne friends this is the state of man and to say truth he differs in little beside reason from other creatures and that either lockt vp in silence or not exprest in some memorable action makes him so much the more capable of misery being onely able to distinguish of joy and feare And that these things may be the more apparant I haue endeauoured to collect out of the Works of others this Treatise wherein is briefly described the Trauels of all the Prophets Princes c. together with the condition of Cities Countries Islands and other memorable places as they are mentioned in the Old and New Testaments All which that I might expresse that dutie which hath a long time lien concealed I haue wholly dedicated to your LL. seruice humbly intreating your fauourable acceptance of my paines that so being shrouded vnder your Ho. protection they may the better withstand the aduerse opinions of such as please to censure them At your Hon. seruice R.B. The Preface to the Reader IT hath alwaies beene held a matter worth note gentle Reader euen to the best Diuines to haue the Typographicall description of the townes and places as they are mentioned in the Scriptures and so much the rather because by comparing the actions of men with the beginnings and endings of Cities they might the better vnderstand the Prophets and perceiue the wonderfull prouidence of God who by his omnipotencie so disposeth of Estates that such Cities and Nations which haue beene mightie and ruled vpon the earth with great power notwithstanding on a sudden and by vnexpected euents haue beene vtterly subuerted and ouerthrowne Now that these things might be more apparant I haue in as good and briefe a method as I can gathered out of sundry Authors the particular description of the Cities Townes and places as they are mentioned in the Scriptures where they stood vnder whose command at what time they grew mightie and how lost and decayed To this also I haue added a particular narration of the Trauels of all the holy Patriarchs Prophets Princes Iudges Kings Emperours our blessed Sauiour and his Apostles to what townes they trauelled what memorable actions they did in those places with a short Chronologie of the times that so by comparing this discourse with any text of Scripture you may perceiue the time when those accidents happened All which things I am perswaded will proue no lesse pleasant than profitable and will giue a great light to the vnderstanding of the Bible But if you question with me How it is possible that I should come to the knowledge of those things considering that Babylon Niniuey Ierusalem and most of the Cities of the Holy Land are long since wasted and decaied to this I answer therein consists the greatnesse of the Trauell because I haue beene constrained to vse the helpe of many Authors who amongst other long and learned discourses haue here and there glanced at the actions that were done in the land of Iudaea amongst which are Strabo Ierome de Locis Hebraicis Plinie Liuie Plutarch and many others who haue described in the actions of the Persians Chaldaeans Graecians and Romans the state of the Iewes as it stood in those times with the Description of the Cities and townes And Saint Ierome who liued in that countrie tooke a great deale of paines to rectifie these imperfect discourses which more obscure authors haue laboured in and left to future ages that so those which would might by their dilligence and care make them vsefull to informe their vnderstanding both concerning the state of the Iewes and the obscure meaning of some of the prophesies Also the scituation and destruction of Ierusalem a thing pleasant and profitable to know and no whit vnworthie your consideration How all or the most part of the Townes Cities Countries Nations Islands Seas Desarts Mountaines and most memorable places are scituated from it how many miles English they stand distant what memorable actions haue beene done in them and for the most part where they stood and how they are at this day Besides to make this a perfect worke you shall finde after the end the old Testament and before the beglnning of the new a discourse concerning the weights measures and monies which are mentioned in the Scriptures reduced vnto our valuation how they were currant among the Iewes how with other people nations and countries by which meanes that necessitie of commutatiue Iustice for which monies were principally inuented will be apparent and by this meanes you shall perceiue what equalitie there is and hath beene vsed amongst Nations for the ordaining of measures and monies by which you may perceiue that this vniuerse being compared together
least eight and thirtâ— yeares after In this market place Agrippa had built a Gallery all of marble from his own house to the Iudgment hall it was couered aboue and made with diuers and sundry roomes for men to walke in all burnished with gold and called by the name of Xiston as Iosephus hath it Here Agrippa after this cruell massacre made an Oration to the people Queene Bernice standing by him to this effect That they should forbear to raise any more commotions against the Romans and to banish the Seditious out of the city for that they saw their cruelty Iosep lib. de Bell. 2. Egesip lib. 2. cap. 8. To this Gallery there ioyned a bridge which past ouer the valley of Cedron to the Temple And amongst many other faire and sumptuous Buildings that were vpon this place there were the Colledges of the Pharisees Sadduces and the Synagogues and Schooles for the instruction of Youth which were dispersed here and there among other stately buildings and this was called the lower Towne Of the Valley of Cedron BEtweene ths lower City and the Temple there was a deepe Valley extending it selfe from the gate of Benjamin through the middle of the City to the gate of Sion From this Valley they ascended into either mountaines that is Mount Acra and Mount Moriah by certaine steppes or staires These two hills as is before said were ioyned together with a bridge and this Valley passing betweene them was called by Zephaniah cap. 1. Machten In which place aboue all the rest of the Cities dwelt Merchants and such as vsed commerce and trade as appeareth in the eleuenth verse of his prophecie Howle yee Inhabitants of the low place for the company of the Merchants is destroyed all they that exchange for siluer are cut off Vpon which place of Scripture the Chaldaean Paraphrase reades it thus Howle yee inhabitants of the valley Cedron Iosephus in tit Bell. 6. cap. 6. libr. 6. cap. 7 calleth this valley by two names one Machten from the profunditie the other Cedron from the obscurity for so the name signifieth and whosoeuer looked downe into it from the Temple fogs and mists seemed to lie in the bottome of it like a cloud of darknesse such was the depth of it There was another valley which lay betweene mount Sion and these mountaines called by the name of Tyrexdon Of the Mountaine Bezetha THis place lay Northward in Ierusalem and betweene it and the former hils were deep ditches cast it had two Townes standing vpon it diuided with two walls and was commonly called the Suburbs the name of the one which lay neerest to mount Moriah was called the second city the other that lay vpon the North was called Neapolis or the new towne In the second dwelt Hulda the Prophetesse and Zacharias the father of S. Iohn Baptist 2 Kin. 22.2 2 Chr. 34. Nehem. 3. Ioseph li. 10. c. 5. It was adorned with many faire and sumptuous buldings among which was that princely house of Herod Ascalonites that great and mighty King of the Iewes in whose time our Sauior Christ was born This house was sumptuously built supported and adorned with pillars of polisht marble and so spatious that in one room thereof there might stand a hundred tables The hall also was very great and richly gilded with refined gold intermixt with siluer about it were many pleasant and delectable walls goodly gardens and fountains for pleasure it was compast with a wal of polisht marble 30 cubits high And as Valerius writeth in that house Herod caused Christ to be mocked put a long white garment vpon him in contempt and so sent him to Pilat Here also was a prison in which Peter was kept when the Angel of the Lord deliuered him Acts 12. Of the towne Neapolis or the New City THis lay without the wals of the city and became inhabited by reason of the great concourse of people that flocked thither for in times past there were no inhabitants and stood vpon the North side of the hil Here dwelt the Christians and other laborers strangers and by all likelihood it seems that the house of Mary the mother of Iohn syrnamed Marke stood here which because of the continuall resort of the Apostles thither was called the house of the Church Hither Peter resorted when he was deliuered from the hands of Herod by the Angell for thus saith the Text Acts 12.9 That when Peter had past the first and second watch he came to the Iron gate which led into the Citie and loe it opened of it selfe And from thence he went to the house of Mary the mother of Iohn surnamed Marke Here also in my opinion Christ celebrated the last Paschall Lambe because after supper hee went into the mount of Oliues for this lying vnwalled lay open for them to goe and come at their pleasure But afterward in Herod Agrippa's time it was begunne to be compassed in with a wall and before it could be fully finished the Angell of the Lord strucke him and he died miserably Here also stood the Monuments of Iohn Hircanus the high Priest and of Alexander King of the Iewes as it appeareth in Iosephus libr. de Bello 6. cap. 6. The tops of the houses in the Citie of Ierusalem were flat and couered with faire and plaine roofes compassed about with battlements vpon which they vsed to leape dance and banquet and such recreations as they obserued vpon their festiuall daies were there celebrated And thus much shall serue to haue spoken of the mountaines or hills whereon Ierusalem stood Of the Walls that compassed the Citie THis Citie of Ierusalem was so strongly fortified by nature on euery side except the North for it stood vpon high rockes and cliffes that it seemed to be inuincible And that that side might be the better strengthened they compassed it in with three walls and these so strong that when Vespasian the Emperor and his armie inuaded the citie they had much adoe to conquer them The first of these walls was that which Agrippa built and it compassed in Neapolis otherwise called the new towne At the Northwest end of which Wall was built an exceeding high Tower of very faire Marble stone so high that standing on the top thereof a man might see from thence to the Sea and into Arabia and the vttermost bounds of Iudaea This Tower was called Psephina The second wall was that which diuided the two Suburbes wherein there stood 14 towers and gates This King Hezâ—kiah built 2. Chr. 32. in a corner of which betweene the West gate and the Valley gate there stood a high Tower wherein all the night great fire was made which cast a light a great way off round about so that trauellers passing towards Ierusalem where guided by it in their way Of this light we reade in Nehem. cap. 3. The third wall compassed in the Temple and all the lower citie in it was sixtie Towers but the chiefe of them stood in the East
the Princes and Embassadors of the King of Assyria spake blasphemous words against the Lord wherefore he slew 185 thousand of them as appeareth in the 2. King 19. Of the valley of the sonne of Hinnon THis valley lieth behind the city of Ierusalem Southward on the left hand as they went from Ierusalem to Bethelem In this valley the Iewes set vp an Idoll of copper like a King which they called Moloch that is a King of Idols This Copper Idoll stood with the arms stretching out and vnder it there was a great fire whereby the Image shewed fire-redde and besides that the more to honour it they made a great fire betweene two walls which burnt for his sake and through this fire the Idolatrous Priests cast liuing children into Molochs burning armes which he with his armes red hot burnt to death And in this manner the Iewes offered their owne children to the Idoll Moloch and when they did it they made a great noise crie and beat vpon a drum that the fathers when their children were offered should not here them crie by reason of the great noise of Drums This valley was called the valley of Tophet for Tophet signifies a Drum This was a most grosse and fearefull Idolatry therefore Christ likened this valley of Hinnon to hell fire for he called it Gehenna Mat. 5. That the Iewes should keepe themselues from this monstrous Idolatrie God made a law That if any man were taken committing this kind of Idolatry he should forthwith be stoned to death and not suffered to liue Leuit. 18. 20. The valley of Gehennon is oftentimes named in the holy Scriptures Iosh 15. Nehem. 11.2 Paral. 28.33 Ier. 7. Ierom writeth that here by this Idol Moloch in the valley of Hinnon there was a Wood for the water ran out of the Fountaine Siloah along by it and made the valley moist Of the field of bloud called Hakeldama THis field of bloud which was bought for thirty siluer pence for the which Iudas betraied our Sauiour Christ lay not farre from the valley of Hinnon Southward by the city of Ierusalem as Ierom writeth Of the hill Hameskita or offence and stander THis hill lay Southeast not farre from Ierusalem something wide of mount Oliuet so that there was but one Valley betweene them and was not altogether so high as it Also vpon this hill King Solomon in his old age suffered his wiues or concubines to make Idolatrous Temples wherein he and his wiues worshipped Idols Of the destruction of this famous Citie of Ierusalem by TITVS VESPASIAN THus haue I briefly set forth the dignitie scituation curiosity of the buildings of Ierusalem together with the richnesse of the Temple and sumptuousnesse of the houses now it rests to describe vnto you the manner and meanes how this famous Citie was destroyed surely a thing worthy wonder according to that in Ieremy Whosoeuer shall heare of it his eares shall tingle And that it might be the more famous and the Christians within it might take notice of the neer approaching desolation there were diuers strange accidents hapned and visions seene As first about some foure yeares before the riuer Iordan was turned out of her course and was brought into the Citie Pella a while after that for a yeare together there hung a Comet like a flaming sword ouer the City And in the night there was seene a light in the Temple And in the day when they were at sacrifice a Calfe brought forth a Lambe Then about the middle of the night the Easterne gates of the Temple opened of their owne accord In the skies were seene armies of men fighting and Horses and Chariots running too and againe And at last there was heard a terrible voice in the temple vttering these words Migremus hinc that is Let vs goe hence And that there might be a generall Proclamation of this sad and cruell desolation through the whole citie one Ananias the sonne of Iesus a man poore and impotent vpon the Feast of the Tabernacles ran through all the streets of the Citie and crying O a voice from the East and a voice from the West a voice from the foure windes a voice ouer Ierusalem and the Temple a voice ouer the Bridegroome and the Bride and a voice ouer the whole multitude of this Citie And although he was whipt and imprisoned and cruelly handled yet so long as he liued hee would not cease to vtter these words which by some were judg'd to foretel the horrible desolation which after hapned For Titus Caesar sonne of Flavius the Emperor about seuentie yeares after the Natiuitie of our Lord and about eight and thirty after his ascension vtterly ouerthrew it euen to the ground about the first day of the moneth of Aprill and within a yeare after these signes For he taking aduantage of the three factions which at this time swaied in Ierusalem One of Eleazer the Priest the sonne of Simon the other of Zilotus the chiefe Prince which held the Temple and the third of Iohannes Giscalenus a cruell fellow which had the command of the inferiour Citie besieged it and made this a fit opportunitie to further his enterprises whiles the seditious and factious people little regarding their owne safetie gaue way by their euill and intestine warrs to what he intended weakning themselues much more by their continued slaughters than the enemy by his inuasion Insomuch as the whole citie and Temple was filled with dead bodies common insolencies and publique rapines were ordinarily amongst them some set fire of the City others dispoiling the Temple a third sort killing the Priests euen as they were at sacrifice al places ful of dead bodies and to this to adde a greater measure of miserie without any regard at all to their future defence set fire of the store-house wherein the corne lay for the sustentation of the Citie and consumed that in one day which had been long a gathering by this meanes it came to passe that they were sorely afflicted with the pestilence through the corruption of the aire and with famine for want of Corne. All these things notwithstanding such was the crueltie obstinacie and peruersenesse of this people could not restraine them from violating the most sacred and holy things of the Temple insomuch as Iohannes Giscalenus had a full determination to haue destroyed it but that he was preuented by the Romans About this time was the feast of the Passeouer and it fell vpon the fourteenth day of Aprill being the Sabboth to the celebration whereof there resorted to Ierusalem about three hundred thousand Iewes These the enemy gaue way to enter into the Citie but considering their present necessitie for want of victuals vpon a suddain drew vp their forces and so straightly beleagered them that all this huge multitude was as it were imprisoned within the wals where partaking of the former misery they either died by the plague or famin Whence may be perceiued the maruellous prouidence
of God that euen on the same day and in the very same place where but eight and thirtie yeares before our Sauiour Christ suffered the authors of such crueltie suffered a most just and seuere reuenge Now as the army of the Romans lay vpon the North of the Citie Titus drew out a band of six hundred horse to ride about to behold and view the walls of the Towne but as he was in this manner wondring at the sumptuousnesse of the Citie the Iewes in great multitudes slipt out at a posterne gate and set vpon him so fiercely that they endangered his person being without armour and had he not with great difficultie broke through them and recouered the Tower of the Romans hee had beene there slaine But presently vpon this seeing the danger hee besieged the Citie in three parts himselfe as the Emperour of the armie built a castle about some two furlongs from the Citie iust against the Tower Psephina Thc other part of the army was intrenched right against the Tower Hippicus not farre from the Garden of the resurrection And the third part had their Castle in the Mount of Oliues some fiue furlongs or thereabouts from the Citie Then did hee build Bulwarkes make Engines and wonderfull deuises for the battering of the Walls and combining himselfe with some of the Iewes vpon the seuenth day of the second moneth which answereth to the moneth of May with great difficultie and much labour entred the first Wall which lay vpon the North and woon Mount Bezitha and Neapolie Vpon the twelfth of the same moneth which was the Sabboth day hee entred the second wall which diuided the suburbs but this was againe the same day recouered by the vertue of the Iewes so that the Iewes were constrained to fight vpon the Sabboth day according to the prophecie of our Sauiour Christ Matt. 24. But after vpon the sixteenth of this moneth of May the Romans againe recouered this wall and kept it in their owne custody Within a while after in the month of Iune about this time the famine growing intollerable within the towne Titus in the space of three daies compassed in the whole citie of Ierusalem with a Wall and vpon that set Towers and Castles lest any of the Iewes should flye to saue themselues Thus was the prophecie of our Sauiour Christ fulfilled Thy enemies shall compasse thee about and hem thee in on euery side Iosephus was now in the Citie and walking vpon the Walls earnestly intreated the Iewes to desist and no longer to oppose the Romans but this was so hatefull a speech to many that they began to fling darts at him And although at this time the extremitie of the famine was so sore that many dyed for want of sustenance yet all perswasions were in vaine and such was the calamitie that as well those as went out as those that continued in the Citie were in like danger of their liues for they were either slaine by the enemy or els by the pestilence and famine common injuries and vnmercifull outrages still attending vpon warre Their misery did rather increase then at all lesson it selfe for the jealousie of treason the hope of riches and the madnes of the seditious distracted the mindes of the Citizens with continuall feares and filled the streets full of murther and daily spectacles of lamentable tragedies The markets were vnfrequented with Corne the victuals with violence consumed and taken from the true owners And if it chanced that some one had more than would serue his turne though he dwelt in a faire and stately building yet the remotest roome and most vnfrequented he made his tabernacle and that little which was left with great parcimonie he consumed together with his life till both were ended Those that were Fathers and Senats of the people though before serued and attended with reuerenced and great state in this consusion was glad of a small morsell though with much contention The wife was not ashamed to take away the meate from her husband nor the children from their parents nor the mothers from their infants And if it hapned that in any house the seditious seemed to smell food with violence they tooke it ransackt the roomes round about whiles the master therof was made a laughing stocke and mournfull spectator of those mischiefes But according to the condition of souldiers whose naturall disposition is to be violent without any regard either of sex or kindred committed daily outrages So that here you might haue seene the mothers weeping ouer their dying infants whiles their husbands were massacred in the streets by the seditious The increase of daies were the increase of torments and the daily want of such as were in power being vnaccustomed to such euils caused them to inuent new meanes to satisfie their desire and practise vnusuall torments for no other purpose but to finde out sustenance yea such was their insatiable thirst of bloud that they spared not him whom but now gaue them all hee had and least he should liue to cumber the city either hang him vp by the heeles till he died or else pulled out his entrailes with a sharpe yron Those that went out in the night time when the Romans were asleepe to gather herbes the seditious would meet and with violence take what they had got from them and though with teares and lamentations and prayers vpon their knees they intreated but for one part a small moitie of that which a little before they had got with danger of their liues yet they would not giue it them and scap't fairely if they went away with life These insolencies were committed by the common souldiers vpon such as were of the meaner sort of people But for the rest that were either honorable or rich they became a prey to the Captains and Commanders some accused as traitors and that they would haue betraied the Citie to the Romans others as fugitiues that they would forsake the Citie most vnder pretence of one crime or other dispoiled of that they had And they whom Iohn had thus oppressed were entertained of Simon and whom Simon had injuried they were entertained by Iohn both drunke the bloud of the miserable Citizens like water So that the desire of rule was the cause of their dissention the concord of their euill and cruell actions There was an infinite number that perished in this citie by famine insomuch as houses were filled with the bodies of infants and children The Angle gate was thrust full of dead corpes The young men that remained walked vp and downe the Citie like Images of death The old men were destroyed by the pestilence the contagion of which disease taking away their senses they became madde And of such as died among the seditious their wiues or kindred had not roome nor time to bury them but as they were putting them into the graue they also dyed Yet for all this amongst this miserable societie there was no weeping no complaining no deploring
of their necessities for the violence of the famin hauing dried vp their radical moisture the feare of griefe was taken from them and such as had most cause to lament and were most pricked with the sting of sorrow before they could vtter their griefe died the beholders not shedding a tear so that through the whole city there was a still silence and a thicke mist of death and destruction did fully possesse the same But the seditious were much more cruell than these were oppressed with calamitie and sorrow for some opened the graues of the dead and taking out their bodies thrust them thorow with their swords Others to trie the sharpenesse of the edge of their weapons would fall vpon those that were yet aliue and when they had slaine them goe away laughing at their pleasure So that as Iosephus saith there was scarce any mischiefe vnder the Sunne but was both practised and tollerated in this Citie To conclude by sedition the Romans conquered the Citie and sedition conquered the Romans All loue and modestie through this extreme and intollerable famine became vtterly extinct and the deerest friends would kill one another for a crust of bread the fairest Lady commit open adultery for a little sustinance Their food was extraordinary and such as men did loath and hate Some would feed vpon snailes and wormes others of old hay chopt small many ate corne either vnground or made into bread some pluckt the meat from the spit raw others with their teeth gnaud off the leather off their shields And that very mouth which cried Crucifie him crucifie him let his bloud be vpon vs and our children was constrained to feed vpon three sorts of dung that is to say Doues dung Oxens dung and Mans dung Moreouer many were constrained for meere necessitie to feed vpon the dead bodies of such as a little before dyed partly by famine partly by the pestilence And to conclude for very madnesse eat vp their gold for some of them being taken as they were flying for their safety by the Romans in their excrement was found gold of which the souldiers hearing and supposing that all the Iewes had beene full of gold thorow couetousnesse of that gaine in one night killed 2000 of them and ript vp their bellies And had not Titus Caesar by a seuere Edict forbidden these cruell and vnheard of slaughters there had beene many more slaine To make an end of this vnheard of famine I will repeat one memorable example our of Iosephus of an outrage which a mother committed euen vpon her owne sonne There was a woman of the inhabitants beyond Iordan whose name was Marie of the stocke of Eliazer and of the Towne Bethezor which signifies the house of Hissop shee was of a noble and rich family and amongst others went to Ierusalem in hope of safety where she was likewise oppressed with the miserie of this siege for as soone as she had brought all her riches and substance into the City which she had before beyond Iordan this famine growing greater and greater vpon the inhabitants The seditious perceiuing that this woman was well furnished both with riches and sustinance on a suddain set vpon her house dispoiled her of her substance tooke away her sustinance and vtterly depriued her of all meanes to liue Shee beeing pricked with the misery and calamitie of the times saw it little preuailed to striue wherefore with teares vpon her knees she intreated that shee might haue but some small part of that they had taken from her to maintain her selfe and her son with life but the seditious gaue little eare to her intreaties wherfore being mooued to extreme anger she daily cursed with contumelious words those barbarous villains that had thus rob'd her of all her means but when shee saw that neither anger nor intreatie could procure mercie and through the Towne not one morsell of food was to be found partly prest with an extreame necessitie partly with a furious rage beyond all nature and compassion laid violent hands vpon her owne sonne and accounted an vntimely death more honourable than that he should liue to bee a prey to the seditious or a slaue to the Romans The body of this infant shee rosted and eat the soldiers of the Towne beeing prest with hunger smelling the meat supposing that as in former times they should haue found plenty with violence broke in vpon her and looke what she had prouided greedily consumed and compelled her to fetch the rest which shee did and when they were well satisfied she shewed them the head and feet of her sonne which they perceiuing loathing the inhumanitie of the fact with dejected countenance departed This famine was so extreame that one measure of graine was worth a talent that is 600 crownes But the Romans all this while did abound with plenty of all things and to vex the Iewes they shewed them the great aboundance of their store for the neighboring prouinces sent them supplies After this famine there followed an extreme plague procured partly through the stanch of the bodies that lay vnburied partly by the multitude of the massacres that daily hapned that as Egisippus writeth within the compasse of eleuen weekes there were carried out by one gate of the Citie 111000 dead bodies yet could they not emptie the Citie but that they were constrained either to bury them at the publike charge or else cast them ouer the wals into the ditches of the citie which when Titus saw and that the putrifaction of the bodies swam vpon the brim of the ditch for it was full with dead carkasses fetching a deepe sigh and lifting vp his hands to heauen he said God is my witnes this is not my fault but the punishment of God vpon them The city being thus pestired with sedition famine pestilence and warre was made now a ready prey to the Enemy and that they might make a finall end of their miseries Titus caused the engines of batterie to be brought against the walls and vpon the first day of the fourth month whicn answers to our Iune he took the third wall which lay vpon the North. Vpon the fourth of Iune after though with great labour he tooke the Tower of Antonia and in it placed a Garrison Vpon the seuenteenth day of the fourth moneth which was a fast to the Iewes Iosephus going vp to the top of that Tower made an Oration to Giscalinus and the rest to disswade them from their rebellion cease to oppose the Romans but this little preuailed Vpon the twentieth day of Iuly the Iewes burnt a part of the Porch of the Temple towards the North not far from the Tower of Antonia lest that the Romans hauing got that Hold should with the greater facilitie haue conquered the Temple also Two daies after the Romans destroyed the whole Porch with fire and the Iewes helpt to pull it downe with their hands this was none of the three Porches but a bulwarke of the Temple Vpon the 25
day of Iuly the Iewes filled the Porch toward the West with pitch and betume and then made as though they meant to fly and leaue the citie which some of the Romans perceiuing without any command of their Captaines put scaling ladders to the Tower and began to assault it but when they were most busie the Iewes of a sudden put fire to the pitch and burnt them most miserably insomuch as Titus pittied them to see their extremitie although they were such as did contrary to his command Vpon the last day of this moneth they tooke the North gate which lay towards the rising of the Sunne and close by the brooke Cedron rhis they burnt downe with fire Vpon the third of August Titus commanded to fire the gate of the Temple that was all couered ouer with gold siluer by this gate the Romans made a breach into the Temple which ere this had beene prophaned by the Iewes whiles this gate was a burning the Iewes stood astonished and not one of them resisted the Romans Caesar and all his army labored three daies to quench this fire after which hee called a councell to determine what he should do with the temple it was so rich and sumptuous that he would faine haue left it as an ornament for the Roman Empire But the Iewes hauing got a little breathing made new incursions vpon the Romans by which meanes they could not determine thereof The 6 of August the souldiers of Titus without command of their Captaines fired the Temple just vpon that day which Nebuchadnezzar before time had destroyed it as Iosephus witnesseth li. de Bell. 6. c. 26.27 Caesar would faine haue saued this Temple for the sumptuousnesse of it and beckoned to his souldiers to haue quencht the fire but they partly prest on with a desire of wealth partly being prickt on with a fury and madnesse gaue no eare to his speeches but committed most cruell massacres without either regard of age or sex So that the cries of the slaughterd the sound of the Roman trumpets the fierce resistance of the seditious and the fire furiously burning represented a most horrible spectacle The ground below was couered with dead bodies many in desperation threw themselues into the fire 6000 were burnt in the same gate whither they fled for refuge and the priests most cruelly massacred as they were in the Temple This was the end of the Temple of Ierusalem the mirror of the world being consumed and spoiled with fire and sword After these things vpon the bridge that passeth from the temple ouer the valley into the lower towne Titus made a speech by an interpreter to the two seditious Captaines gently intreating them to leaue off their rebellion and he would spare the Citie and commit no more outrages and such further requests as they desired should according to reason be granted them but if they would not embrace mercy and cease their violent resistance they must expect no manner of compassion but the very law of Armes This they contemned and made but a mocke of Caesar for all his offers whereupon in a great rage hee gaue the signall to his souldiers and they went through all the City and set it on fire The next day they woon the lower Citie and with fire and sword consumed the place where the records lay the Court and all the Princely buildings vntill they came to that stately house of Helena which stood in the midst of Acra all the houses neere being filled with the bodies of the dead and the streets horribly defiled with the bloud of those that were slaine Within a short while after Iohannes Giscalinus was taken aliue and committed to prison The inferiour Citie being thus taken and destroyed about the 16 day of August Caesar began to build his engines and batter the walls of the vpper citie which within the space of 18 daies after with extreme labour and skill hee laid flat with the ground as Iosephus saith And vpon the 7 of September with great facilitie hee conquered the citie the Iewes of their owne accord descending from the Towers and the Romanes set vpon the walls their ensignes with a great acclamation and wasted all the citie with fire and sword sparing neither men women nor children The 8 day of the moneth of September the whole Citie was destroyed and not a stone left vpon a stone but laid leuell with the ground onely the three Towers that were built by Herod which were of shining Marble viz. Hippicus Phaselus and Mariamne that future ages seeing the excellencie of those buildings they might iudge of the statelines of the rest But these also were after destroyed by Adrianus Caesar There died by the famine and pestilence an innumerable number by fire and sword ten hundred thousand 2000 were found that either killed themselues or one killed another 7900 were taken captiues of these all the seditious theeues that accused one another were slaine by Frontonius Caesar Titus freed many 7000 were sent into Aegypt with extreme labour to consume and die the properest and most able were reserued for triumph many were distributed through the prouinces some were slaine by the sword and by beasts for publike spectacles and those that were 16 yeares of age and vnder together with many other Caesar sold vnder the crowne at thirty for a siluer penny that as Christ was sold for thirty pence so thirty of them should be sold for a penny With the riches of this towne Caesar triumphed rode into Rome with two golden Chariots built the Temple of Peace and there put all the plate which he found in the temple of Ierusalem After all this for a full determination of those euils the two seditious captaines Iohannes Giscalenus and Simon the son of Giora were put to most cruell deaths Thus may we see the grieuous punishment of the obstinat and ambitious which God permitted to fall vpon them for their vnthankfulnesse and cruell tyranny How the city of Ierusalem after this destruction by Titus Vespas was vtterly beaten downe and defaced by Aelius Adr. Caesar which he re-edifying called it after his own name Aelia THe city of Ierusalem being thus laid leuel with the ground for the space of sixty yeares lay desolate a receptacle for theeues and murtherers a fit place for Wolues and wilde beasts which resorted thither to feed vpon the dead bodies And now time consuming their flesh left their bones and skuls to lye vpon the earth as in a Charnell house Thus it continued vntill one Benchochab which signifies the Son of the Stars born in the towne of Bethcoron not farre from Emaus professed himselfe to be the Messiah or Christ The Iewes supposing this to be true because of that saying of Numb 24. There shall a Starre rise vp out of Iacob assembled themselues to the number of many thousands and followed him with great tyranny and crueltie spoyling the Holy Land and through all the countrey of Iudaea committing many outrages and massacres
horse may easily be placed in it And thus we may see the Temple of Solomon and city of Ierusalem not only to be in the power of the Turkes but also prophaned with the blasphemous doctrine of Mahomet And also we may here behold the abomination of desolation standing in the holy place where somtime was the Ark of the Couenant Dan. 9. Mat. 24. and the prophecie of Ieremy is fully finished ca. 19. This place shall be vnclean like vnto the place of Tophet where they did sacrifice to the Host of heauen and vnto other strange gods Of other buildings within the city of Aelia which is now called Ierusalem MOunt Sion is placed toward the South of Ierusalem where euen at this day the Monks vndertake to shew the ruines of Dauids Tower the sepulchres of the Kings of Israel and many other holy places But P. Orosius and other Historians write How in the time of Adrian Caesar there happened a great earthquake in such a terrible maner that the mountain of Sion with the sepulchre of Dauid fel down and were vtterly defaced Further all true Historians do write That Adrian the Emperour did so much deface the City that hee left not a stone standing vpon a stone nay not a whole stone but all were broken into small pieces and yet notwithstanding pilgrims are so mad and blind that they go thither with great pains to seeke those holy places where when they come with the expence of a great deale of time in recompence of their pains are made a laughing stocke to the Kings of Ierusalem and find nothing but feigned and supposed holy places and buildings since the words of our Sauior manifest That there shall not be a stone left vpon a stone which shall not be broken to pieces And Borchardus the Monk saith That the Romans caused the Temple and other princely buildings together with the mountains to be thrown downe and cast into the vallies with which being filled there remaineth not so much as an Emblem of the old Citie From whence may euidently appeare That those places which are now shewen to Pilgrims by the Monkes of Ierusalem are meerly suborned and feigned on purpose to deceiue them get their mony They are very simple therefore that go to Ierusalem seeke their saluation in such places And as for the Sepulchre as is aforesaid the Tartars beat it all in pieces so that this monument of our Lord is not to be found vpon the earth Wherefore our Sauiour Christ is no more to be sought among the dead but in the sacred monument of his holy word for there he hath promised to make euident his divine presence c. Of the Sects that are in and about the Temple of the holy Sepulchre IN and about the church which is built ouer the holy sepulcre vpon mount Calvarie there are at this day many of diuers nations and countries which inhabit of diuers opinions and Religions And although they differ in material points of their faith yet would they be al Christians of which number there are some Latines Greekes Abissines Armenians Gregorians Nestorians Surians and Iacobins The Latines for the most part are such as wee call Franciscan Monks Obseruants or Friers Latines These haue the keeping of the holy Sepulchre and looke to it very diligently where somtimes they make a certain number of Knights of the noble Order of S. Iohns Templers with many ceremonies and great solemnities These Knights are girt with a sword all gilt hanging in a red velvet girdle a chain of gold is put vpon them worth about 100 Hungarian duckets at the end whereof there hangs a Ierusalem Crosse of gold This kind of crosse also they are permitted to weare vpon their armes and clothes then haue they a paire of gilt spurres with velvet tyings But before they are admitted into this order they must sweare vpon the holy Sepulchre to maintain defend the doctrine of the Pope The Grecians that are there be also Monkes Grecians and doe inhabit within the Temple of the holy Sepulchre but they haue the keeping of the place where our Sauior Christ was crucified and differ from the Romanists For they beleeue first That the holy Ghost proceedeth from the Father and not the Sonne Secondly they giue the Sacraments in both kinds thirdly they hold not the Pope to be head of the Church fourthly they deny Purgatory and prayer for the dead fiftly they sing Masse in their own language that euery man may vnderstand it but they obserue seuen Sacraments as the Romanists do They teach men to pray to and call vpon Saints they yearly obserue two strict fasting daies and eat no flesh vpon Saturdaies The rest of the Grecians that are through the East parts leaue mariage free as well for the Clergy as Laity and condemne the Latine Priests because they marry not They allow no grauen images in their Churches but in some places of their Churches they haue faire painted pictures hanging They approue not the Pope but haue a Patriarch for their high Bishop which Patriark is greatly reuerenced and much honored in Constantinople Abissines The Abissins be such as are of Prester Iohns gouernment their complexion is browne their habitation is in the Temple vpon mount Calvary on the East side of the Church dore They also approue not the Pope but allow Priests to mary and giue the sacrament in both kinds yet there are many sects and opinions among them forbearing those meats forbidden in the old Testament they circumcise both male and female which the Iews do not they obserue our Saturday for their Sabbath they baptise their children with fire of which I will speake more hereafter in the description of the towne of Saba Armenians The Armenians are Christians and come out of Armenia their dwelling is in a Chappell vpon mount Sion neere to Saint Iames his church they deny the Pope to be head of the Church they minister the Sacraments in both kinds their Priests marry they forbeare the meats forbidden in the old Testament They haue a kinde of custome to whine and cry by the graues of the dead vpon Twelfth day they keep a great feast and the next day begins their Lent which they keep strictly and eat neither eggs nor fish nor any liuing thing during that time They obserue Wednesdayes and Fridayes they preach sing and say their Seruice in their own tongue they deny prayer for the dead and Purgatory they all weare hats with blew hat-bands Gregorians The Gregorians are Christians that dwell by the great city of Trapezunta vpon the Euxinian Sea Their Priests marrie but if their wiues die they must not marrie againe They dwell in Ierusalem in the Church vpon mount Caluarie where Christ after his resurrection shewed himselfe like a Gardner vnto Marie Magdalen The Nestorian heretickes Nestorians who now are found in great numbers in Niniuie which at this day is called Mossell and in other places
in sinne poureth out his bloud vpon vs whereby we are made capable of eternall life Of the place where Adam and Eua dwelt after the breaking of the commandement Gen. 3. ADam and Eua being driuen out of Paradise dwelt at Damascus 160 miles from Ierusalem as Munster and others write the Townes-men of Damascus at this day shew the place where Cain slew his brother Abel and it is well to be beleeued that this Citie receiues her name thereby for Damascus signifies bloud-shedding or a place which hath drunke vp bloud Of the place where Cain dwelt CAin after he had slaine his brother Abel dwelt in the land of Nod a land of feare and disquiet in the Towne of Hanoch and as some thinke it was the same place where Babylon after Noes Floud was built being foure hundred and eightie miles from Ierusalem Eastward Of the place where Noah dwelt NOah signifying quiet and rest dwelt in Armenia six hundred miles from Ierusalem Northward hard by Mount Ararat vpon which Mount the Arke after the Floud staied it selfe Gen. 8. Ptolomeus nameth These high Hills in Armenia Gordes which are alwaies couered with snow and no man may get vpon them Sem. SEm who in the holy Scriptures is called Melchisedeck that is a King of righteousnesse dwelt in the Citie of Ierusalem which as then was called Salem that is a Citie of peace Nimroth NImroth was the first Prince and regent vpon earth and built Babylon which is six hundred and eighty miles from Ierusalem Eastward Strabo writeth That in Babylon there was an old foure square Tower built of bricke foure hundred and sixteene ells high * That is 200 yards high and each side thereof foure hundred and sixteene ells broad This without doubt was a piece of the Tower of Babylon the toppe whereof should haue reached vp to Heauen Gen. 22. Babel or Babylon signifieth a confusion because in that place God confounded the workemens tongues when they built the Tower of Babylon The Trauels of Abraham 1 ABraham went out of his owne Countrey of Vhr in Chaldaea to the Citie of Haran in Mesopotamia which is 376 miles 2 Erom Haran by Gods commandement hee went to Sichem which is foure hundred miles 3 From Sichem he went to the Plaine and wood of Mamre to the Hill betweene Bethel and Hay which is 28 miles 4 From thence he went into Aegypt trauelling Southward 240 miles 5 Out of Aegypt he went againe into Canaan to the hill that lyeth betweene Bethel and Hay which is 240 miles Gen. 13. 6 From thence hee went to the Plaine of Mamre neere Hebron 32 miles 7 From the plaine of Mamre hee went to Dan which is 124 miles and there ouerthrew the foure Kings which had taken Lot prisoner Gen. 14. 8 Then he pursued the enemie for the space of 80 miles to Hobam in Phoenicia which lyeth in the left side of Damasco Gen. 14. 9 From Phoenicia hee went to Sodom wnere Melchisedech met him which are 160 miles Gen. 14. 10 From Sodom he went backe again to the plaine of Mamre which are 40 miles 11 From the Plaine of Mamre he went to Gerer which is six miles where his sonne Isaac was borne Gen. 20.21 12 From Gerar he went to Beersaba which is 12 miles where he tooke an oath of King Abimilech 13 From Beersaba he went to mount Moriah which is 40 miles where he would haue offered his sonne Isaac Gen. 22. 14 From mount Moriah hee returned againe to Beersaba which is 40 miles 15 From Beersaba he and his wife went to the plaine of Mamre by Hebron which is 16 miles and there they died and were buried Gen. 23. and 25. So that all the Trauels of the Patriarch Abraham were 1794 miles Now followeth the description of the Townes and places THe Towne of Vhr in Chaldaea where Abraham was borne at this day is called Orchae as Petrus Appianus writeth and is distant from Ierusalem 624 miles Eastward It seemeth it either tooke that name from light or fire or else from diuine worship for there they vsed to offer many burnt offerings but at that time they committed idolatry for which cause Abraham went from thence perceiuing that the Chaldeans tooke the fire for their god because fire came downe from Heauen and consumed their offerings Learned men therefore are of opinion that the Chaldaeans in the town of Vhr worshipped the fire for their god Haran or Charan that is Wrath. HAran is the chiefe city in Mesopotamia where Abraham for a time dwelt with his father Thara There the rich Roman Crassus with his army was ouerthrowne by the Parthians and is distant from Ierusalem 440 miles North-Eastward taking its name from the water Charan which runneth through it But at this day the city is called Ophra lying eleuen daies journy from Mossel or Nineueh as D. Leonard Ronwolfe writeth who in Anno 1575 vpon the thirtieth of Ianuary was in that towne Ophra or Haran is a faire city well inhabited and indifferent great compassed about with walls and towers richly furnished with merchandise but especially with faire couerlets of diuers colors that are made therein There is likewise great trade and trafique for diuers kindes of wares brought thither by Caravans which are great numbers of camels horses other beasts that cary great burdens with many men to conduct them which traffique and trauell from one city to another This city in times past belonged to the Parthians euen then when Crassus the rich Roman fifty three years before the birth of Christ robbed the temple of Ierusalem and of those holy relicks bare away to the value of six tuns of gold For which God punished him openly for vpon the sixt of Iune after hee was by the Parthians ouerthrown hard by Haran in Mesopotamia and there taken and slaine The Parthians pouring molten gold into his mouth said Drinke now thy sill thou greedy Wretch of that which thou so long hast thirsted after for with this thou mayst fill thy greedy throat In this ouerthrow were slaine thirty thousand Romans and by that meanes the city of Haran returned againe vnder the Parthians After that the Persians took it but now it is vnder the Turk In this city of Haran at this day there is to be seene a Well of very cleare water at which Rebecca gaue drinke to Eleazer Abrahams seruant and to his Camels Genes 24.19 This Well by the townsmen is called Abrahams wel there also Rachel Labans daughter first spake with the holy Patriark Iacob who turning the stone off from the Wel gaue her sheep of the water to drinke This water hath a very pleasant taste and is a notable Type of holy Baptisme for like as the holy Fathers tooke their wiues by this wel so Christ receiueth his holy congregation by the Well of Baptisme in his Word and holy Sacrament This is the right Wel of Israel which floweth into euerlasting life The city of Haran now called Ophra lieth from Nineueh 232
glory Of Capernaum THis city was so called from the pleasant and comfortable scituation of it In the Hebrew text Mathew cals it Capharnacum i. The town of comfort being deriued of Nocham i. Consolation In this town our Sauior dwelt after he had left Nazareth and in it wrought many miracles as the healing of the sick casting out of diuels and such like whereof you may read Mat. 8. Mark 1. Luke 5.7 Iohn 4. It stood in the land of Genesareth vpon the West and North side of Iordan in an angle of land ioyning to the sea of Galile 56 miles from Ierusalem Northward in the tribe of Issacher and as it is thought by some iust in the middest of the twelue tribes Mat. 9. calls it the city of our Sauior And that Christ was no stranger but an inhabitant of this city it is manifest Mat. 17. where Christ when he gaue tribute to the magistrats of this city asked Peter saying Of whom doe the Kings of the earth take tribute Peter said Of strangers Then quoth hee the children are free yet neuerthelesse c. From whence may be gathered that he was no stranger but an inhabitant in Capernaum It had vpon the Northside of it the three Tribes Nepthalim Aser and Zabulon vpon the South Benjamin Iuda Dan and Simeon vpon the West Issacher Ephraim and the halfe Tribe of Manasses and vpon the East Reuben Gad and the other halfe tribe of Manasses so that our Sauior Christ dwelt in the midst of the 12 tribes of Israel Furthermore it was a goodly market towne and had as well relation to Tyrus and Sidon two townes of the Gentiles within 44 miles of it as to Ierusalem from whence may be verified that saying of Esa ca. 8.9 The land of Zebulon and Nepthalim neere the way of the sea beyond Iordan and Galile of the Gentiles a people which sit in darknesse and in the shadow of death saw a great Light This town is therfore instly called the city of Comfort and Consolation since our Sauior Christ dwelt there who with his doctrine and preaching refreshed comforted all such as were afflicted with the burthen of their sins But the great men that were inhabitants of this City had more respect to their priuat profit than to the doctrine miracles that Christ wrought among them from whence it came to passe that they did as it were neglect and contemne that good which God had offered vnto them which made our Sauior say And thou Capernaum which seemest to be exalted vp vnto heauen shalt be cast down into hell for if the miracles had been done in Sodom and Gomorah which haue been done in thee they had continued vntill this day Verily verily I say vnto you It shall be easier for Sodom and Gomorah in the day of Iudgment than for thee Mat. 11. For there was no such benefit offered to any Citie neither such honours and dignities as were to Capernaum our Sauior himselfe dwelling there Wherefore for their ingratitude and impiety the city hath diuers times bin wasted and destroied as well by the Romanes as other nations so that at this day this glorious city is become so desolate that there is scarce 8 houses standing and they also like small sheds Of Sichar IN antient time this towne was called Sichem of which you may reade more both in the trauels of Iacob and Abimilech After it came to be called Sichar according to the opinion of Luther vpon Genesis because the inhabitants of that country were giuen to pleasure and voluptuousnesse the greatest part of their delight being in drinking and quaffing for Sichar being deriued of Schachar signifieth to bee drunke or inordinately to swallow sweet and pleasant wine of which there was great plenty in that towne made of the juice of Apples the fruit of Palme trees and honey which may very well resemble Hipocras or Metheglin as some Authors haue it And although by the incursion of the Romanes it was vtterly wasted and left desolate yet in succeeding times it was rebuilt and called Nicapolis that is a New towne It is scituated very pleasantly and aboundeth with all manner of delights but it is vnfortified neither can it by any meanes bee fortified neither haue the inhabitants any helpe if they be oppressed by the Enemy but to fly for it is scituated in the middle of a valley betweene two high mountaines so that a man may fling a stone from the top of one of them into the city About two bowes shoot without the South gate of this towne is to be seene the Fountaine or Well of Iacob vpon the brimme of which our Sauiour Christ sate when hee was wearie as wee may reade in the fourth of Iohn This Well standeth iust in the way as Pilgrimes trauell to Ierusalem Vpon the right hand aboue this Well there standeth a mountain of an exceeding height diuided into two tops the one of them being called Gerizim the other Heball In mount Gerizim the Patriarch Ioshuah built an Altar and the people standing vpon mount Heball he caused the whole booke of Deuteronomie to be read ouer with the Blessings and Cursings so that all the people might heare them for thus we reade in Ios 8. The one halfe of the people stood close by Mount Gerizim and the other by mount Heball c. Deuteronom Chap. 27. These two great mountaines began vpon the right side of the Citie Sichar and extended themselues in length to the Citie of Iericho Vpon the left side of this Wel is to be seen the ruins of a great towne which is thought to be the old Sichem and by the relicks that remaine there it may be iudged to haue been a very goodly Citie For there are yet to bee seene certaine broken Pillars of Marble as also large and spatious Buildings which in times past without question haue beene very goodly things and standeth wonderfull pleasantly the soile round about it beeing very pleasant and fruitfull onely there is want of water This Towne lieth some two Bowes shoot from Sichar and the inhabitants of that place judge this Sichar to be Thebez where Abimelech died Iudg. 9. Not farre from Iacobs Well is to be seene that piece of ground which Iacob gaue to Ioseph more than the rest of his brethren Gen. 48. It is a long valley very fruitfull and pleasant where there lies buried in a certaine faire garden the bones of Iacob and Ioseph which were brought out of Aegypt Iosh 24. the reliques of which sepulchre are yet to be seene Mount Garizim or Gerizim is so called from the cutting downe of Trees for Garaz signifies To cut downc Vpon this Mountaine is to be seene euen to this day the place where the Temple stood that was built by Sanballath dedicated to Iupiter Olympius in contempt of the Temple of Ierusalem The chiefe Priest of this Temple was one Manasses a fugitiue of the stocke of Leui. This Manasses was brother to Iaddus chiefe Priest of Ierusalem
vanisheth away and is without any corporiall substance In the same moneth of Aprill our Sauiour Christ appeared again to Peter Thomas Nathaniel the sons of Zebedeus and other two Disciples as they were fishing vpon the shore of Tiberias which stood 56 miles from Ierusalem Northward betweene Bethsaida and Capernaum Ioh. 21. The day of this apparition is not set downe From the sea of Tiberias neere to Capernaum and Bethsaida to mount Thabor scituated in Galile is reckoned 10 miles there about the end of April our Sauior Christ appeared to aboue 500 brethren at once where many worshipped him others doubted Mat. 28. 1 Cor. 15. In the month of May our Sauior Christ appeared to Iames the son of Alpheus for he had been seen before of Iames the sonne of Zebedeus both which were after crowned with martyrdom in the city Ierusalem the son of Zebedeus vpon the 25 day of Iuly ten yeares after the resurrection and the sonne of Alpheus vpon the feast day of the Passeouer was throwne from a Pinnacle of the Temple 29 yeares after the resurrection of our Sauior Vpon the 40 day after his resurrection hee returned fiftie sixe miles to Ierusalem where his disciples were assembled together and vpon the fourteenth day of May in the sight of all the Apostles with great triumph and ioy he ascended vp into heauen and sitteth at the right hand of his father in diuine majestie and glory Mar. Luk. vlt. Act. 1. Psal 28. Ephes 1. 1 Pet. 3. Heb. 1. So these Trauels of our Sauior Christ were 319 miles But if you reckon his trauels from the time of his infancie to the day of his ascention they make 3093 miles Besides his generall Visitations and journies hither and thither which were so many that as Iohn witnesseth cap. vlt. they could not be described ¶ Of the townes and places to which he trauelled Of Iericho THis city stood very pleasantly in the tribe of Benjamin ten miles from Ierusalem Northeastward Ioshuah ouercame this towne by sounding of trumpets Ios 6. Heb. 11. it was rebuilt by Hiel and was compassed about with a new wall by Herod that mighty King of the Iews who put the innocent children to death and called it after his mothers name Cyprus Ios de Bell. Iud. lib. 1. cap. 16. And although this city was taken and vtterly ouerthrown the second time by the Romans at such time as Vespasian and his son Titus wasted and destroied Ierusalem and all the land of Iudaea yet afterward it was re-edified and in Ieroms time which was 400 yeares after Christ it was a faire city There was shewn the house of Zacheus and the Sycomore tree that he went vpon to see Christ Luk. 19. But by reason of the often destructions and deuastations that hath fallen vpon it there is not to be seen at this day aboue eight houses in the towne and all the monuments and Reliques of the holy places are vtterly destroyed the house of Zacheus and the Sicomore tree are no more to be seen in that place only the place is to be seen where our Sauiour restored the blind man to sight when hee cried after him Lord thou Sonne of Dauid haue mercy vpon mee Luke Chap. 18. Also though this Countrey throughout be very fruitfull and pleasant yet is it nothing so fertile and pleasant as it was when the Children of Israel did dwell there For the Roses of Iericho are no more to bee found there but rather in a Village about sixteen miles from Iordan towards the East And although they stand so farre distant off yet they retain their antient name Between Ierusalem and Iericho there is a desart or wildernes which by the inhabitants of the holy land is called Quarentena where the man of which Christ speaketh fell among theeues Luk. 10. There is in the same place at this day great theeuing and many roberies committed as Brittenbacchus saith In this place also is to be seen the riuer Chereth where the Rauens fed Eliah 1 Reg. 17. Neere to Iericho also is found the riuer the water whereof Elizaeus made sweet by casting in salt whereas before it was bitter and it remaines very pleasant and sweet to this day 2 Reg. 2. Of Ephraim THis city is so called from the pleasantnesse and fruitfulnes of the soile being deriued from Parah To fructifie It lieth 8 miles from Ierusalem Northeastward iust in the way as you go from thence to Iericho in the wildernesse of Quarentena close by the riuer Chereth in the tribe of Benjamin Heere our Sauiour Christ after he had raised Lazarus from death to life hid himself with his disciples because the Iewes sought to take away his life by deceit The Passeouer following he was made a sacrifice for the sin of man Ioh. 11. Of Bethania THis city was a type of the Church which is alwaies subject to the Crosse and exposed to euery calamitie and therefore is called Bethania that is The house of sorrow and affliction being deriued of Baith an House and Oni Affliction According to the prophecie of our Sauiour who foretold of the afflictions and tribulations that should fall vpon his Church You shall mourn but you shall be comforted and your griefe shall be turned into ioy It was distant from Ierusalem almost two miles towards the South-East Borchardus the Monke obserueth That close by a Well about a stones cast out of this Towne there is shewed the place where Martha met our Sauiour Christ when he came to Bethania and a little after called her sister to meet him Iohn cap. 11. There is also shewne in this Towne the house of Simon the Leper where ◠certaine woman hauing an Alabaster boxe of pretious Ointment poured it on our Sauiors head not without the great indignation of his Disciples Matth. 26. There is also to be seene the house of Martha to which our Sauiour did oftentimes resort Luk. 10. Ioh. 11. 12. and in that place there is at this day a Church built in honour of those two sisters which were the sisters of Lazarus There is also seen the sepulchre out of which Lazarus was raised from death to life Ioh. 11. which stands close by the said Church and ouer it is built a chappell of Marble very decent and comely The Saracens hold this Chappell in great estimation You cannot see the citie of Ierusalem from Bethania because of the mount of Oliues but as soon as you ascend a little hill in the way as you got hence to Ierusalem you may discerne mount Sion and a part of the city then when you are discended from that hill the citie is againe hidden After that vpon the left side of the mount of Oliues some stones cast from Bethpage you doe leaue a small village standing vnder the mountaine of Offence where Solomon in times past committed Idolatry From this village the Asse and the Colt was brought vnto Christ Not farre from thence vpon the South side as you goe vpon the Mount
almost inuincible and for that cause called The mother of strength as the Church is called The mother of the righteous against which the gates of hell shall not be able to preuaile In the time of Iudas Macchabeus though it was then a small city it was numbred amongst the greatest cities of Iuda because of the scituation and strength of it To this place our Sauiour trauelled from Ierusalem the same day that hee arose from the dead Luke 24. In the time of the Romans warres in Iudaea this city was wonderfully defaced and ruined by the souldiers of Tiberius Maximus who was chiefe Captaine in this countrey in the absence of Titus Vespasian but yet not vtterly abolished for about a hundred and fiftie yeares after Heliogabolus Emperour of Rome caused it to be rebuilded and called by the name of Nicopolis that is the citie of Victorie Not farre from Emmaus there was an Inne or a place to which strangers might resort and there three waies met two went of either side the towne and one through it in this place the two Disciples constrained our blessed Sauiour to stay with them because it was then about Sunne-set Neere vnto this Inne Nicephorus and Zozemenus say in their Ecclesiasticall Historie there was a Spring or Well of that admirable vertue that if either man or beast that was infirme or sicke did drinke of the water thereof they were immediately restored to their former health The reason that these Authors haue for it because they are impertinent I willingly omit But to return ro the city of Emmaus as it is now called Nicopolis being scituated eight miles from Ierusalem towards the Northeast in the way as you goe thence to Ioppa the countrey round about it being very fertile and pleasant by reason of the riuers and springs wherewith it is watered as Pliny saith l. 5. c. 14. and much altered from that which it was in times past but because you may reade more of this city in Pliny as it is at this day and in Nicephorus and Eusebius I leaue to speake further of it Of Simon of Cyrene THis Simon which carried the Crosse of our Sauiour Christ was born in Kir a city in Africa scituated 16 miles from Ierusalem towards the West Matth. 27. Luke 23. In which city Tiglath Phulasser Emperour of the Assirians planted many of the inhabitants of Damascus after he had conquered that city 2 Reg. 16. This citie and the country round about it by reason of these new inhabitants by little and little changed the name and wheras in former times it was called Kir in the time of our Sauiour it was commonly called Cyrene and this man of that countrey Simon of Cyrene At this day it is a strong and beautifull city scituated betweene Mareotides and Zeugitania at first built by Battus whom Callimachus the Poët claimeth to be his progenitor This Battus was a mighty king in Africa but was one that had a great impediment in his speech insomuch that many thinke this word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to haue beene originally vsed by him and by none other Afterward as is said Tiglah Phulasser hauing obtained the jurisdiction of this citie planted the people of Damascus in it and they obtaining some power there continued till a long time after Christ and imbraced the religion of the Iewes built vp Synagogues and dispersed that law in many parts of those quarters There were some of this countrey that opposed that holy Marter Stephen and were consenting to his death There were many learned men in it as Eratosthenes the Mathematician Callimachus the Poët both which were had in great estimation among the Aegyptians Carneades also the Academian Cronus Apollonius and Hegesias the Philosopher of whom Cicero speaketh in the fifth book of his Tusculans and Eratosthenes the Historian who was sonne of Agaclis Salust saith that this citie in his time was so mightie that it maintained war against the Carthaginians for their bounds and limits of their fields and grounds a long time and Iustine lib. 39. That they maintained warre against two nations the Phoenes and the Aegyptians in which warres they gaue Aprius the King of the Aegyptians such a mighty ouerthrow that there were very few of his army that returned into his countrey with him as Horodot affirmeth lib. 4. there were also many great Princes that ruled in this city of which because you may reade in diuers other Authors more at large I omit to speake of them Of Ioseph of Arimathea who buried Christ THis Ioseph which caused our Sauior Christ to be buried in his garden was a rich man vpright just in all his actions a Senator of Ierusalem and one that expected the Kingdome of God borne at Arimathea a citie of the Iewes Luc. 23. This citie was sometime called Ramathaim Sophim and sometime Ramah because it was scituated in a high place and in times past was a fair citie standing 16 miles from Ierusalem toward the Northwest the description whereof you may reade before At this day it is called Ramalea being nothing so farre as it was but like a countrey towne the houses being carelessely dispersed here and there lying without walls or bulwarkes to defend it notwithstanding the ancient ruins of the former city is to be seen euen at this day There is also a great Inne or resting place for strangers hauing within it many roomes for the receit of passengers and a well of very sweet water This house was first purchased at the charge of Philip Duke of Burgondie and by him committed to the protection of the Monkes of Mount Sion by whom it is at this day made an hospitall wherein pilgrims trauellers and strangers are entertained and find much reliefe In an inward Orchard belonging to this hospital there is a faire plot of ground that bringeth forth great aboundance of Aloes of which there is often mention in the holy Scriptures but more especially in Psalme 48. Thy garments smell of Aloes and Cassia when thou commest out of thy Iuorie pallaces where they haue made thee glad Nichodemus a Prince of the Iewes together with Ioseph of Arimathea brought with them an hundred pound of Aloes mixed with Myrrhe to embalme the body of our Sauiour Christ when they had begged it of Pilat before they buried it Ioh. 19. Myrrh is a kind of gum that issueth out of a tree that growes in the East countries but principally in Arabia the tree out of which it issueth is commonly two yards and a halfe high with some pricks vpon it the barke whereof being cut there issueth out of it drops like teares which congealeth into a gum and is called Mirrh the principall vertue that it hath is to keepe the bodies of the Dead incorruptable see Pli. li. 12. ca. 15. 16. In Arabia Foelix there is such abundance of sweet Myrrhe Frankincense and other odoriferous gums that such as saile in the Red sea may easily smell the sauour of them There is also found
in the holy Land Myrrhe and Aloes Aloes is the juyce of a certaine bitter herbe which by some is called Euerliuing it killeth the wormes and preserueth from putrifaction it is also good for the sight There is to be gathered in India Arabia and the Holy land a certaine herbe of an extraordinary sweet smell with leaues broad fat and juicie which being prest yeeldeth more Aloes than honey from whence this metaphoricall prouerbe is vsed Quod plus molestiae quam voluptatis gignit that is more troublesome than profitable You may reade also in Plautus that the life of man tasteth more of Aloes than honey And Iuvenal speaking of an euill wife saith she hath more of Aloes than honey So Euripides Euery sweet hath his sowre So also the holy Crosse seemeth to haue more of Aloes than hony notwithstanding it preserueth vs from eternall corruption and killeth the venomous worms of conscience clenseth vs from our sinnes and freeth vs from the feare of the Diuel eternall death that so we might be recreated and by the faith of our Sauiour be raised vp at the last day and pertake with him in his euerlasting kingdome according to that of Iohannes Taulerus Where the crosse there the light where temptation there prayer and regeneration c. The Trauels of Peter IN the 35 yeare after the natiuitie of Christ about the moneth of Ianuary and a little before the conuersion of the Apostle Paul Peter and Iohn were sent from Ierusalem to Samaria which was 32 miles that the Samaritans might receiue that admirable gift of the Holy-Ghost and there they disputed with Simon Magâ—â— Acts 8. From Samaria they returned backe again to Ierusalem which was 32 miles In this journey they went to diuers townes of the Samaritans teaching and preaching vnto them the doctrine of the Gospell Acts 8. In the sixt yere after the resurrection of Christ Peter went to Lidda which was distant from Ierusalem twentie miles towards the Northeast where he cured Aeneas who had lien sicke eight yeares of the Palsie vpon his bed Acts 9. From thence hee went to Ioppa which was three miles here he raised Tabitha from death Acts 9. In the seuenth yeare after the resurrection of Christ Peter went from Ioppa and came to Caesarea Strato which was six and thirtie miles where hee preached the Gospell to Cornelius the Centurion and baptised him and his whole familie Acts 10. Clemens Recogn lib. 9. From Caesarea he returned to Ierusalem which was 32 miles where being accused for going to the Gentiles hee excused himselfe Acts 11. In the eleuenth yeare after the resurrection of Christ hee was cast into prison and set at libertie by an Angell of God Acts 12. So he went secretly from Ierusalem as it was thought into the desart or to some other vnknowne place vpon the second day of August in the same yeare Herod Agrippa King of the Iewes was strucke by an Angell of God at Caesarea and he was deuoured of wormes Acts 12. Ioseph Antiq. lib. 19. cap. 4. After Herod Agrippa being dead and buried Peter returned to Ierusalem where hee was in Councell with the rest of the Apostles about sixteene yeares after the resurrection of Christ and fourteene after the conuersion of Paul Gal. 2. Acts 15. See also Bede vpon the Acts of the Apostles In the seuenteenth yeare after the resurrection of Christ Peter went from Ierusalem and came to Antiochia in Syria which journey was 280 miles there Paul resisted him Gal. 2. From Antiochia hee went to Babylon in Aegypt where hee wrote his first Epistle this journey was 520 miles So all his Trauels which are mentioned in the Scripture were 955 miles Allegations of the Author to proue that Peter was neuer at Rome BVt that Peter was twenty fiue yeares seuen moneths and fiue daies Bishop and chiefe Priest at Rome cannot be proued by the testimony of the Scripture and is vtterly repugnant to the supputation and true accompt of the times First because it is manifest by that which hath beene said that he continued at Ierusalem and in Iudaea during the time that Tiberius Caligula and Claudius were Emperours of Rome And shortly after the martyrdome of Steuen hee and Iohn were sent into Samaria that the Samaritans might also receiue the gift of the holy Ghost Act. 8. Paul also in the third yere after his conuersion came to Ierusalem and there spoke with Peter and remained with him fifteene daies Act. 9. Gal. 1. Fourteene daies after the conuersion of Paul Peter was at the Apostolicall councell held in Ierusalem and there with Iames and Iohn gaue the right hand of fellowship to Paul and Barnabas that they should goe and preach the Gospell vnto the Gentiles and that hee and the rest would goe vnto the Iewes those that were circumcised Gal. 2. In the time of Claudius Caesar Peter was committed to prison by Herod Agrippa in Ierusalem and miraculously deliuered by the Angell of God Act. 10. In the ninth yeare of Claudius Caesar Peter was at Antiochia in Syria where Paul resisted him to his face Gal. 2. All these things manifestly proue that the Apostle Peter was not at Rome at such time as any of these three viz. Tiberius Caligula and Claudius were Emperors but either in Ierusalem or else at Antiochla in Syria Secondly it may axactly bee made euident out of the holy Scriptures that Peter was not at Rome in the time of Nero. For in the second yeare of Nero Paul wrote his Epistle to the Romans and sent it from Corinth by the hand of Phebe in which Epistle he saluted all his friends which he had in that citie by name as by the conclusion of the Epistle more plainely appeareth but there is no mention of the Apostle Peter who if that at time Bishop of that place surely should not haue bin omitted Also in the fift yeare of Nero Paul being then in prison at Rome wrot his Epistles to the Galatians Ephesians Philippians Colossians and to Philemon and in the conclusion of these Epistles he expressely nameth all his friends that he had in Rome yet makes no mention of Peter And when he was the second time in prison vnder Nero in the last yeare of the reigne of this Emperour hee wrot from Rome his second Epistle to Timothy beeing a little before his death at the end of which Epistle he plainly shewes that he had no companion there but Luke 2 Tim. 4. From whence it is manifest that Peter during all the pilgrimage and life of Paul was neuer at Rome how then can it possible be that Peter should be bishop of Rome for the space of almost 26 yeares Truly there are many learned men and they also of great iudgement which hold this opinion false and vtterly repugnant to holy Scripture neither can be proued by any good Authors or histories But if Peter were euer at Rome hee came thither after the last imprisonment of Paul and a few daies before his martyrdom
in carts Thus God turneth the aire and the earth to the confusion of those that persecute his Church Of Pergamus THis was another of the townes whereto Iohn wrot his Reuelation It was a famous city and metropolitan of Mysia scituated in Asia minor 228 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward It stood vpon a high rock close by the riuer Caicus from whence it was called Pergamus For in antient times all famous and notable places were called amongst the Graecians Pergama as Suidas and Servius obserueth Strabo lib. 13. saith That in the time of Lysimachus the sonne of Agathocles who was one of the successours of Alexander the Great it was but a castle in which place because of the strength of it he vsually kept all his treasures and those things that were of account and committed the custody of it vnto one named Philetaerus an Eunuch of Tyanus But this man being accused to Lysimachus That he would haue forced his wife Arsinoës for feare of some future punishment because of that offence moued the inhabitants of that Hold to rebellion At the same time also there happened many commotions in Asia whereby Lysimachus was constrained to leaue this and make opposition against Seleucus Nicanor who had inuaded his dominions But in this war Lysimachus was slaine And Philetaerus hauing in his possession great riches that hee might enioy what hee had was alwayes obseruant to him that gat the victorie by which meanes he kept himselfe and his riches for the space of 20 yeares in that castle and then dyed and left all his wealth to Eumenes his brothers sonne who inlarged his gouernment and ouercame Antiochus the sonne of Seleucus This man after hee had raigned 32 yeares dyed and Attalus his sonne succeeded him in the Gouerment who hauing conquered Galatia made a league with the Romans and by them was first called by the name of a King After him succeeded his son Eumenes the second of that name who aided the Romanes against Antiochus magnus King of Syria for which seruice the Romans gaue him all the dominions that Antiochus had on this side the Alps. This man was the first that enlarged the castle of Pergamus and made it a goodly city planting round about it a thick wood or grove and called it Nicephorus And after he had reigned 49 yeares he died and left his kingdom to his son Attalus called Philometor This Attalus after hee had done many notable exploits died without issue when hee had reigned 5 yeares and left his kingdome to the Romans who turned it into a prouince There liued in this town many learned men as Galen the Physitian who was famous in the time of Trajan the Emperor and as the fame went liued 140 yeares Of that town also was Apolodorus the Rhetoritian who was schoole-master to Augustus Caesar of which man the Apollodorean sect tooke name and Dionysius Atticus his scholer Here Antipas was crowned with the Wreath of martyrdome To the Bishop of this Towne Iohn wrot his Reuelation and in the second Chapter thereof sharpely reprehendeth him because he bore with the sect of the Nicholaitans which although it lasted not long yet it was very dangerous Eusebius saith That Nicholaus one of the seuen Deacons for the poore at Antiochia of whom you may reade Act. cap. 6. was the first author of this sect yet Clem. Alexand. cleares him of it laying that offence rather on certaine idle persons that misconstruing his words being giuen ouer to vile affections couered their euils vnder his name calling themselues Nicolaits though indeed he had no hand in it but liued and died honestly The opinion that this Sect held as Euseb saith li. 3. ca. 23. and Irenaeus libr. 1. Chap. 27. was That women were to be common That it was lawful to eat meat offered to Idols That fornication and Adultery was no sin beside many other wicked and peruerse opinions concerning the Deity which would be too tedious to recite in this place You may read more of it in Eusebius and Tertullian Of Thyatira THis was the fourth church to which Iohn wrot his Reuelation it was scituated close by the riuer Caicus vpon the borders of Mysia and Lydia 600 miles from Ierusalem Northeastward It was a very faire city in Asia minor yet subiect to the Lydians In this country Lidda was born that dwelt at Philippa and gaue entertainment to Paul and Sylas Acts 16. Philippa was distant from this town 400 miles It was at first called according to the testimony of Stephen Pelopea and Semiramis But after Seleucus Nicanor K. of Syria making war vpon Lysimachus king of Thrace comming to this towne had newes that his wife had bore him a daughter in honor whereof he would needs haue the town called Thugateira which in Greeke signifies a daughter but Thyatira Diuine reuerence Of Sardis TO this city also S. Iohn wrot his Reuelation It was a famous and princely seat scituated in Asia not farre from the mountaine Tmolus where Croesus King of the Lydians kept his court being 536 miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest It was so called without doubt of Sardus the sonne of Hercules which maketh Sardis in the plural number Of this Towne were those two Diodories which were Oratours The younger of them did write Histories and Poems and was one of Strabo's great friends Close by this Towne is found a precious stone which after the townes name is called Sardis it is of a fleshly colour and therefore is commonly called Carnalia of which you may reade more in Pliny lib 37. cap. 4. Of Philadelphia SAint Iohn also wrote his Reuelation to this city It was scituated in Mysia a countrie in Asia Minor being 450 miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest This city is so often troubled with Earthquakes that the inhabitants are many times constrained to dwell in the open fields Vpon the East side thereof lies a dry and barren country which seemeth to be burnt and scorcht with heat being 60 miles long and 48 miles broad where there grows no trees but there are found great plenty of grapes which being prest yeeld very pleasant wine and may compare with the best of those parts The superfices of the earth seemeth like ashes mountany stony and blacke many conjecture the cause therof to be by reason of the great thunders and lightning that they haue there but there are some which giue other reasons for it It was called Philadelphia of Attolus Philodelphius who first built it Of Laodicea THis was the seuenth and last Citie that Iohn directed his Reuelation to It stood close by the riuer Lycus in Caria a country in Asia the lesse fiue hundred and twentie miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest and is likewise oftentimes troubled with Earthquakes as Sardis Magnesia and Philadelphia are The reason of these often Earthquakes is thought to be because there are vaults and hollow caues vnder the earth into which the aire in the time of heat hauing free entrance
he bore to Homers Iliads Wherefore looke what Alexander had promised Lysimachus one of his chiefe Princes and King of Thrace after his death performed for he returned to Troy enlarged the city beautified it with goodly buildings set vp a stately Temple and then compast it about with strong wals After this sort it continued a long time vntill Fimbria a Questor of the Romans when he had slaine Valerius Flaccus the Consull with whom hee was sent against Mithridates King of Pontus besieged it and within ten dayes space woon it making his vaunts that hee conquered that citie in ten dayes which Agamemnon could scarce do in ten yeares to which one of the inhabitants of the citie answered That then Troy had a Hector but now it had none But for this hee cruelly wasted the citie This destruction hapned in the 84 yeare before Christ thus it lay desolate till Augustus Caesars time who caused it again to be re-edified and beautified with many faire and goodly buildings because the Romanes and especially those noble families of the Iulij and Caesars doe deriue their progenie from the Trojans for which cause Augustus vsed such diligence in the rebuilding of this citie and bestowed such infinit cost that he much exceeded Alexander and made it a faire and goodly citie At this day it is called Ilium But in the place of old Troy there is little to bee seene only a small towne as Strabo saith It is distant from Ierusalem 760 miles Northwestward Of Bythinia THis countrey is opposite to Constantinople scituated in Asia minor distant from Irusalem Northwestward and so called of Bythinus the sonne of Iupiter and Thrax It was sometime called Pontus Bebrycia and Mygdonia as Stephanus saith In this countrey the Apostle Paul could not preach the Gospel of Christ when he went into Macedonia and Graecia because hee was hindred by the Spirit Act. 16. The principall cities thereof were Calcidon Heraclea Nicea Nicomedia Apamea Flauiopolis Libissa where Hannibal lieth buried and Prusa now called Byrsa where in times past the Emperours of Turkie kept their Courts and were buried The mother and metropolis of all these cities was Nicea or rather Nicaea beeing distant from Ierusalem 720 miles towards the Northwest at the first called Antigonia of Antigonus the sonne of Philip King of Asia who built it after the death of Alexander the Great But Lysimachus called it Nicaea after his wifes name and at this day is called Nissa The compasse thereof is two miles being foure square scituated as Strabo saith lib. 12. in a faire and pleasant place lying close by the poole of Ascania and hath in it 4 gates standing in a direct line al which gates might easily haue beene seene from a certaine stone which stood in the middle of the Market place In this citie the most Christian Emperor Constantine the Great celebrated a Councell anno Dom. 325. at which time there were present 320 Bishops who condemned the Arrian herisie and instituted the Nicaen Creed But after that viz. anno Dom. 326 the Arrians endeauouring to hold a second Councell in this citie to confirme their opinions and to dissolue that which went before the Lord hindred them with an Earthquake by which almost half the citie was throwne down Not long after there hapned another earthquake which vtterly destroied it notwithstanding it was rebuilt again and in it a second Councell held wherein the Nicaen Creed was condemned There were many cities of this name that before spoken of another in Thrace a third in France not far from the riuer Varus a fourth as Stephanus saith is amongst the Lorrenses in Graecia a fift in Illeria a sixt in India a seuenth in Corsica and the eighth in Leuctris of Boetia Of Mysia THis is a country of Asia the lesse bordring vpon Helle spont and Troada being diuided into two parts that is the greater and the lesse That part that bordreth vpon Troada is distant from Ierusalem 800 miles Northwestward but that which is called Mysia the lesse and bordring vpon Lydia is 1028 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward In this countrey stood Pergamus to which Iohn wrote his Reuelation Scepsis where one Neleus kept the bookes of Aristotle til Apollonius time also Antandrus Adramitium Tranoiapolis and Apollinia which stood close by the riuer Thyndaeus The inhabitants were men of a base condition and contemned of the world insomuch as they became a prouerbe as often as a man would denote a thing of no estimation they would say Vltimum esse Mysiorum that is It is worse than the Mysians as it appeareth in Cicero's oration for Flaccus Yet notwithstanding Paul and Iohn the Euangelist preached the doctrine and light of the Gospell to this poore and despised people so that the Mysians which were a contemptible and abhominable nation before all the world were not so before God for they were conuerted at the preaching of Iohn and Paul From whence he saith Not many wise according to the flesh not many mightie not many noble but God hath chosen the foolish things of this world that they might confute and ouerthrow the wise c. 1. Cor. 1. In times past they were a great people though of smal estimation for they had vnder their iurisdiction Lydia Caria Pergamus Thyatira Sardis Philidelphia and Laodicea to many of which Iohn wrote his Revelation Also as Herodotus saith Lib. 7. the Mysians and Teucrians before the Trojan war past into Europe and there woon and held Thracia Macedonia and all the land to the Adriatick sea c. Of Troas THis citie Troas where Paul raised Eutichus which signifies happie or fortunate from death to life Acts. 10. stood vpon the sea of Hellespont in Asia the lesse 720 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward Antigonus king of Asia called it Troas because it was in the countrey where Troy was But after the death of Alexander he called it after his owne name Antigonia And the better to honour it kept his court there But Lysimachus King of Thrace hauing got this city into his iurisdiction bestowed great cost vpon it and set vp many fair and goodly buildings then called it after Alexanders name Alexandria and so it began to be called Alexandria Troas Plin. lib. 5. Strabo l. 13. Ier de locis Hebraicis Now it was called Alexandria Troas to put a difference between it and diuers other cities of that name for there was an Alexandria in Aegypt another in India and many others elsewhere but only this in the countrey where Troy stood It was scituated in a high and spacious mountaine about a mile and a halfe from the shore of Propontus towards the East between which Troads is twentie and eight miles It is a thing worthy obseruation to consider by what diuers names the sea that lies between Europe and Asia the lesse is called for betweene Constantinople and Calcidonia close by the Euxine sea it is called Thracius Bosphorus in which place it is not aboue halfe a mile
broad here Xerxes when he inuaded Graecia built vp a bridge for his army to passe ouer There is also another strait and narrow place in this sea which is called by the name of Cimmerius Bosphorius These two Bosphori are so called as some authors hold because a Bull when he loweth may be heard from the one side to the other but Pliny seemeth to deriue the name from Io that faire maid which Iupiter turned into a Cow who swam ouer this sea and of her was called Bosphorus lib. 6. cap. 1. It is also called Propontus because it lieth just before the Euxine sea and Hellespont from Helle the daughter of Athamantis K. of Thebes who was drowned therein then running thence it falleth into a gulph of the Mediterranean Ocean there it is called the Aegean sea of Aegeus King of Athens who drowned himselfe therein for the supposed losse of his sonne Theseus In this sea were scituate the Isles of Pathmos Mytelene Samothrace Chius Lesbus and many other Isles as you may reade in the trauels of S. Paul Of Samothracia ot Samothrace SAmothracia is an Isle of the Aegean sea scituate between Troades and Thracia eight hundred and eightie miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest close to that part of Thracia where Hebrus falleth into the sea sometimes called Dardania of Dardanus King of Troy who when hee had slaine his brother Iacius and taken from him the Palladiam he came first into Samothracia and then into Asia where he first laid the foundation of the citie called Troy and of that Kingdome And although this Isle at that time was called Dardania yet because of the neerenes that it had to Thrace and the altitude of the rocke whereon it stood it soone changed the name and then especially when the people called Samos came thither to inhabit who after their own name called it Samothracia It stood vpon such a loftie place that from thence all the countries round about might easily bee seen Arsinoë Queene of Thrace was banished by Ptolomeus her brother into this Island who after put to death all her children and vsurpt vpon the kingdome of Thrace A cruell part in a brother Virg. li. Aeneid 3. makes mention of this Island saying Treiciamque Samum quae nunc Samothracia fertur And Samian-Troy which now adayes is Samo-Thracia call'd Strabo also writeth of it li. 13. And in Acts 16. it is said S. Paul sailed from Troad is to Samothracia so went thence into Thracia and came to the city of Neapolis Of Neapolis THis Neapolis to which Paul went was a city of Thrace not far from Macedoni 880 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward called also of some Caurus There are many other Cities of this name one in Iudea where Sichem and Sichar stood another in Caria a third in Africa a fourth in Pannonia but aboue all that which stands in Campania is most remarkable being the chiefe city of the Neapolitan kingdome Of Philippa THis city in times past was called Crenides because of the veins of gold that were found close by it But after Philip King of Macedon father of Alexander the Great caused it in the yeare before Christ 354 to bee re-edified and inlarged and then after his own name called it Philippos It was scituated in Grecia close by the riuer Stridon 936 miles from Ierusalem toward the Northwest and endowed with many priuiledges In those times the gold was so much increased in this place that the reuenue thereof was worth vnto this King more than a thousand Talents which at 4500 li. the talent amounteth to forty fiue Millions of pounds yearely By the which means King Philip grew so rich that he caused his gold to be coined and called it after his owne name Philippian gold To this place Paul came and did many miracles taught the Gospell and conuerted many From hence he wrote his second Epistle to the Corinthians and sent it to Corinth euen 292 miles He also wrote an Epistle from Rome to the Christians of this Towne and sent it them by the hands of Epaphroditus euen 628 miles It was afterward a Colony of the Romans Of Amphipolis THis was a city of Macedonia compassed about with the riuer Strymon from whence it tooke the name and was distant from Ierusalem 960 miles towards the Northwest Here also the Apostle Paul was Acts 17. Of Apollonia THis was a citie of Mygdonia scituated not farre from Thessalonica towards the West close by the riuer Echedorus 948 miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest being so called from Apollines which signifies the Sunne it stood twentie miles from Thessalonica There are many other Cities of this name one scituate in Graecia close by the Adriatick sea another among the Islands of Thrace a third in Creet on this side the riuer Ister a fourth in Syria and a fift in Africa amongst the Cyrenes Of Thessalonia or Thessalonica THis was a citie of Macedon in ancient times called Halia because it stood vpon the sea after called Therma of the hot bathes that were in it and lastly Thessalonica of Philip the sonne of Amyntas King of the Macedonians who gaue it that name either of the great victory that he had against the Thessalonians or else after the name of his daughter called Thessalonica who was the mother of Cassandrus it stood close by the Thermaick gulph not farre from the mouth of the riuer Echedorus 932 miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest The Apostle Paul taught publiquely in this city and there conuerted a great multitude of people Act. 17. Hee also wrote two Epistles to the inhabitants thereof and sent them from Athens being 232 miles distant In the time of Theodosius the first Emperor of Rome there hapned by reason of some discontent a grieuous sedition amongst the Thessalonians in which stirre some of his captains gouernors were slain Wherefore the Emperor hauing intelligence of what had hapned sent an army against the city with authority to put to death a certain number of those who had rebelled whence it hapned that the city was filled with many vniust slaughters for the soldiers respecting more their priuat profit than the equitie of the cause spared neither innocent nor nocent yong nor old so that as well the inhabitants as strangers that resorted thither did partake of this miserie and suffered like punishment as did they which were the first authors of this rebellion But because the emperor was consenting vnto these euils Ambrose Bishop of Millaine would not suffer him without publique repentance to come to the sacrament of the Lords supper wherefore in a publique assembly hee acknowledged his offence with great contrition Theodor. li. 5. ca. 17. Soz. li. 7. ca. 24. This town was afterward purchased by the Venetians of Andronichus Palaeologus son of Emanuel Emperor of Constantinople who held it a long time vntill Amurath Emperor of the Turkes won it from them and exercised grieuous cruelty vpon the inhabitants At this day it is
a faire and goodly city wherein is to be seen 23 Churches and is inhabited both by Christians Iews and Turks as Sebastian Munster saith but the greatest number is Iews who are partly merchants partly of other trades their number in this place as it is said by some of their own nation is 14000 and they haue 80 synagogues but they are constrained to weare yellow wreaths about their heads the Christians blew the Turks white There are many Iewes also in Constantinople and Adrianople but in no place more than in this town which is now called Salonica Of Berraea THis is a city of Macedon scituated vpon the riuer of Halakmon 960 miles from Ierusalem Northwestward In this city the Iewes stirred vp a great tumult and sedition against the Apostle Paul Acts 17. At this day it it is called Voria Of Athens THis was the most famous City of all Grecia the mother of Arts and a bountifull nourisher of large and mighty Colonies in that part of Achaia called Acte or Attica It was scituated vpon the shore of the Mediterranian sea 720 miles from Ierusalem Westward It tooke name from a Diuine knowledge for the word is deriued of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. the minde of God It was first built by Cecrops fiue yeares before Moses fled out of Egypt into the land of the Midianites and of him called Cecropia This Cecrops was the first King thereof and there succeeded him at least 40 both famous worthy princes But after it was called Mopsonia of Mopsus K. of Thessaly and after Ionia which name it held for a while and lastly Athens dedicated to Pallas which goddesse the Grecians say was born of the brain of Iupiter which name it held a long time after There liued in this city Solon Socrates Plato Aristotle Demosthenes and many other excellent Philosophers It was scituated vpon a faire and strong Rocke beautified with many goodly Temples and buildings but principally that of Minerva was most sumptuous in which there hung a great number of Lampes which gaue a continuall light There was also the Monasterie of the holy Virgins and the image of Pallas made all of white Ivorie very curious and costly There were many Schools Colledges and pleasant gardens in which Philosophers vsed to walk and it abounded with sweet and delectable musick and with great resort of Merchants and Schollers To conclude in those times it was the most notable city in the world Moreouer there were many profitable hauens for the receit of ships but that which was called Piraeum exceeded being capable to receiue 40 * As some say 400. ships beautified with many goodly buildings in compasse two miles fortified with seuen walls and ioyning to the city wherof Terence writeth in Eunuch Act. 3. Scen. 4 At this day it is called Porto Lini fortified with two wals foure miles in length extending to the hill Munichya the syrname of Diana being compassed in the figure of a Chersonesse so ioyned to the city of Athens In which distance there are two other hauens besides that of Piraeum In this Iupiter had a magnificent Temple and in it were found many artificiall tables pictures and grauen images all which are at this day destroied and carried away It hath beene three times destroyed first by Xexes and Mardonius which happened in the yeare before Christ 479. Then by Lysander who broke downe an hundred paces of the wall and almost vtterly destroyed their ships and broke downe the hauen of Peraea It was also sore oppressed by the Romans and they also brake downe their hauen and burnt their shippes but spared the towne and held it in great estimation But it was the third time ouerthrowne and vtterly destroyed by the Turks who both changed the place and name of the city after it had flourished 3113 yeares At this day it is diuided into three parts and called by the name of Sethina because of the varietie of the inhabitants that liue in it being very well peopled and a faire and spatious City but much altered from that it was in times past For although before it was the very mother of eloquence and glory of Attica yet at this day it is so much altered that their language is base and their glory is eclipsed The vppermost part of the city where formerly the temple stood dedicated to the vnknown God is now wholly and absolutely in the hands of the Turkes in which they haue built a strong and almost inuincible Castle which hath the command of the rest of the towne The second and middle part of the towne is all inhabited by Christians In the third there standeth a fair and goodly Palace supported with marble pillars and adorned with goodly workes In this part of the City there inhabiteth people of diuers sects and conditions And heere also is the seat of a Metropolitane who hath vnder him many Bishops So that God doth support and maintaine his Church euen amongst the enemies thereof for there ate four Patriarks in Turky to which al the other Christian Metroplitans and Bishops are subiect viz. the Patriarch of Alexandria Constantinople Antiochia and Ierusalem Paul was the first man that preached the Gospell of Christ in this city and conuerted many citisens but especially Dionysius the Areopagite who dwelt vpon a promontory without the city and as it seems was one of the principal Iudges and gouernors of the town for after he had taught publiquely in the towne had disputed against the Iewes and Philosophers concerning Christ they supposing him to be a busie fellow and one worthy of death as a disturber of the common peace brought him before this Dionysius that so by his iudgement he might receiue condign punishment for his offence But S. Paul so well behaued himselfe and preached with such admirable eloquence and learning that hee not only confuted his enemies but among others conuerted this Dionysius Areopagitus who was afterwards the first Bishop of Athens as Euseb saith lib. 4. cap. 23. and went captiue with Paul to Rome and from thence to Paris in France where he suffered martyrdome vnder Dionysius the Emperor Of Corinthia COrinthus is a famous city in Grecia scituated in Peloponessus a pleasant countrey of Achaia ioyning to the continent of Grecia like an Isthmus or Peninsula distant from Ierusalem 760 miles towards the West commonly called Corantha built as Eusebius saith by Sisiphus sonne of Aeolus at such time as Ioshuah gouerned Israel who was a mighty Pirat At first it was but a castle and called after his name Sisiphyus but after because of the strength of the place and pleasant scituation it became a faire towne and called by the name of Corcyra as Strabo faith then Ephym of Ephyra who was a faire and goodly Nymph and Queen of that place Now although euen in those times it was held in great estimation yet it became much wasted and decayed through the continuance of time vntill
many famous men that either liued or were borne in this towne as Thales Milesius one of the seuen Wise-men of Graece Anaximander who was his scholler Anaximenes and Hecataeus the Historian also Eschenes the Orator not he that contended with Demosthenes who taking too much libertie against Pompey was banished Timothius the musician and Pittacus the Philosopher besides many others But of all these Thales Milesius was held in greatest estimation because he was thought to be the first that taught natural Philosophie and the Mathematicks amongst the Grecians He was the first also that foretold of the Eclipse of the Sun about such time as the battell was fought betweene Cyaxares father of Astyages King of the Medes and Hallyatâ—es father of Croesus K. of the Lidians which was about the 44 Olimpiad There came vnto him a certaine man who asked him what was the hardest thing in the world he answered seipsum nosce to know himselfe Another came to him and askt him how he might do to liue justly he answered Si quae in alijs reprehendimus ipse non faciamus That we doe not those things which we reprehend in others He died about the 58 Olympiad Meletus at this day is called Melasa Of Cous. THis is one of the Cyclad Islands lying in the Aegean sea bordring vpon Caria being so called from the Vaults and caues that are in it and distant from Ierusalem 524 miles It hath a city called after the same name wherein there was a stately Temple built in honour of Iuno another standing in the suburbs therof dedicated to Aesculapius this was a very sumptuous temple and made very rich because of the many presents and gifts that were sent and dedicated to it When the Romanes had obtained the command of this Isle Octavius the father of Augustus Caesar tooke out of this temple a naked Venus which was a goodly image and carried it with him to Rome in honour of his progenitors who deriued their progenie from her It is in compasse 56 miles being so pleasantly scituated that it was a sea marke to Mariners very fruitfull and bringing forth abundance of wine silke by reason of a certain fish that is found there from which they got great plenty See Plin. lib. 11. cap. 22. There were many that liued onely by weauing of silke and aboue the rest there was one Pamphila the daughter of Plates that was most excellent in that Art There were many famous men that were either born or liued in that country as Hipocrates that excellent Physitian Apelles that notable painter Simus the Physician Philetas the poët and orator Nicia the prince and tyrant of Cous Ariston the Peripatetick and Theomnestus that notable politician At this day this Isle is within the Turkish Empire and by them called Stacu also the principall citie thereof is called by the same name and wholly inhabited by the Turks two towns only being inhabited by the Grecians but there are many that dwell in strong castles compassed with round and stately towers This countrey is very fertile abounding with cattell and the mountaines thereof are little inferior to those of Creet Of Rhodes THe city and Isle of Rhodes which is so called from the sweet smell or roses is scituated in the Mediterranean sea a little from Asia the lesse vpon the South being distant from Ierusalem 140 miles toward the Northwest as Strab. saith l. 14. It is in compasse 112 miles It was at first called Ophy then Statilia after Telchin of the inhabitants thereof who were called Telchines a people which as some say were witches others say curious Artificers and were the first that found out the making of brasse and yron At last it tooke the name of Rhodes from the principal city that stood in it for there were three cities in it viz. Lyndus Camirus and Ialyssus In Lyndus Cleobulus one of the seuen Wisemen of Graece and Chares that famous Statuarie who made the Colossus which stood in this Isle were borne Ialyssus of a Rose that was found in it was called Rhodes being scituated vpon an exceeding high promontorie lying toward the East part of that Isle This exceeded the other two cities both for ports waies walls and other ornaments and the inhabitants were gouerned with such excellent lawes and so skilfull in nauigation that it might compare with the strongest citie of the world and for a long time had the command of the sea round about and vtterly abolished all Pirats and robbers from those parts Diodorus Sicul. li. 6. saith that it was called Rhodes of Rhodia a faire and beautifull maid who was dearely beloued of Apollo and therefore this Island was dedicated to the Sunne for as Solinus saith though the heauens be neuer so cloudy yet the Sun shineth in Rhodes Pindarus the Poet because of the fertility of the soile and the exceeding opulencie of the inhabitants saith that it rained gold in that country In former times it flourished with learning and good arts insomuch that the Romans for the most part sent their children to be brought vp at Rhodes This Isle is very fruitfull and bringeth forth many things necessarie for the maintenance of life but aboue all a certaine red wine which the Romans did greatly delight in and valued at a high price In this city liued that notable Painter called Protogines which Apelles conquered in that science as Pliny saith lib. 35. ca. 10. Demetrius King of Asia erected a notable Collossus or Statue of the Sun in this Isle which that notable caruer Chares made being outwardly all of pure brasse but within nothing but stones it was seuentie cubits high and so artificially made that it was accounted for one of the wonders of the world Afterward it was carried into Aegypt by the Aegyptians who woon the towne This Isle is famous to this day in times past it was accounted one of the keys of Christendome but at this day subject vnto the Turk of which you may reade more in the Turkish History Of Patara PAtara was a Citie of Licia so called of Patarus the builder thereof who was the sonne of Apollones or Lacones as Strabo and Servius saith it was scituated vpon the South side of Asia the lesse close by the shore of the Mediterranean sea 408 miles from Ierusalem towards the Northwest Ptolomaeus Philadelphius K. of Aegypt inlarged this city and called it after his sisters name Arsinoës Lysiaca to put a difference betweene it and other Cities called after that name for there was an Arsinoe in Aegypt and another neere Cyrene where Apollo in certaine Moneths of the winter season by the help of the Divel gaue answer to them that sought after him S. Paul was in this towne Acts 11. There was also another towne of this name in Achaia where S. Andrew was crucified The Trauels of S. Paul when he was taken captiue and carried Prisoner to Rome IN the 57 yeare after the natiuitie of Christ Paul being then 47 yeares of