Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	reason_n	young_a	youth_n	31	3	8.0370	4	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07032	A tragicall historie of the troubles and ciuile warres of the lowe Countries, otherwise called Flanders Wherein, is sett forthe the originall and full proceedyng of the saied troubles and ciuile warres, with all the stratagemes, sieges, forceble takynges, and manlike defenses, of diuers and sondrie cities, tounes, and fortresses of the same, together, the barbarous crueltie and tyrannie of the Spaniard, and trecherous hispaniolized Wallons, [and] others of the saied lowe Countreis. And there withall, the estate and cause of religion, especially, from the yere 1559. vnto the yere 1581. Besides many letters, commissions, contractes of peace, unions, articles and agrementes, published and proclaimed in the saied prouinces. Translated out of French into Englishe, by T.S. ge[n]t.; Chronyc. historie der Nederlandtscher oorlogen, troublen enn oproeren oorspronck, anvanck enn eynde, item den standt der religien, tot desen jare 1580. English.	Stocker, Thomas, fl. 1569-1592.; Marnix van St. Aldegonde, Philips van, 1538-1598, attributed name.; Rijckewaert, Carolus, called Theophilus, fl. 1577, attributed name.; Henricpetri, Adam, fl. 1576. General historien der aller namhafftigsten unnd fürnembsten Geschichten, Thaten und Handlungen.; Le Petit, Jean François, 1546-ca. 1615, attributed name.	1583 (1583)	STC 17450.3; ESTC S111524	324,446	432

When the Leydens heard of this enterprise they tooke al the paynes that was possible to receiue them for they attended the saide Barques on the Rhin with certayne Freebutters or rather desperate Aduenturers Boates but all in vayne for this matter and yet their goyng out was not altogether in vayne for they tooke by force neere vnto Haynault bridge two wasters and speedily dispatched those that were within them When they had thus done they vnladed these shippes of all the prouision and furniture that was within borde as artillary munition victualles bread beare silkes veluets parchment lace of gold siluer and silke fifteene peeces of ordinances called Bases three Barrelles of Corne pouder and a very great number of bullets and fraught their owne boates with them Afterwarde they bouged one of the enemies vessels and sounke her and set fire on the other returning in the morning with their prize to the Towne The Spanyardes who encamped at Leyerthorpe made their account to stay these boates with all the whole prize within them at the wood bridge but the Citizens beyng in armour looking for the comming of their boates with the victualles aforesayd very couragiously salyed out of Hoogweert gate and gaue the Alarme to Leyerthorpe forte and skirmished so lustely with their enemies as that the boates and the prize passed by and besides they afterwards for the defence of the cattell which the enemy went about to carrye away so skirmished with them as that they returned all together with the sayd butyn without losse of any of the Towne cattell hauing taken Prisoner amongest those shippes one Peter Quaegelate an horrible Traytor to his countrey whom they foorthwith executed and quartered and set vp his quarters vpon the citie gates which thing the Leydens signified by their letters to his Excellency dated the 7. of Inne The Citizens dayly exercised them selues more and more to the Skirmishes aswell the youngest sorte A young youth named Lyon by reason of his valâ—ancie as also the auncientes But amongest the rest there was a proper young youth of the age of sixteene yeares named Lyon and in courage and valure a Lyon in deede For at the first siege of Leyden hee behaued him self not as a younge youth but like a Lyon against the Enemie and that to their cost This young Lyon was afterwarde in a Skirmish and laying him selfe downe vpon the grasse the Spaniards tooke him and hauing cut off his nose and eares they hoong him vp by the toes But being a very hable and strong man hee layed handes on the haulter and imped vp to the toppe of the Gallowes wher the Enemy slew him with harquebuze shot From this Lyon such an other which was taken with him the sayde Baldez wronge much matter as touching the affayres and state of the Towne Maister Thierry of Bronchorst his excellencies Substitute at Leyden and being now made Gouernour thereof The Magistrate and Nobilitie considering that the siege might last long and thereby turne to a distresse of famine during this Moneth of Iune made all the necessariest ordenaunce that possibly they could aswell for the long sauing of their victualles as also for the fortifiyng of their Rampars and Gates the better and longer to keepe their Towne And when an Inuâ—ntorie was taken of all the Come within the Towne there was found to be 4125. Busshels Ther were also then in the Towne 14000 persons Wherfore there was appoynted to euery one for the first two moneths halfe a pound of bread which oftentimes would scarsly suffice some tauellers to breakfast And therfore the Gentle Reader may easily ghesse vpon what kinde of victuals they fed most There was also an ordenaunce set down for pot hearbes and no milke to be solde whereon butter might be made Whiles the Towne of Leyden was in this sorte besieged and that the Townsmen were altogether occupyed about making of prouision of al things necessary for the defence thereof the principall parte of the sayde Commaundators Armye arryued in the quarters of Bommel Gorcum and Louuestein Howbeit the Prince the Estates made no great reckoning thereof For at Bommell which was well prouided of all things necessary was Captaine Baufour Colonell of the Scettishmen with seauen Ensignes of Scottes who dayly salied out with some Citizens and Gentlemen Hollanders to skirmishe brauly with the Enemie And besides the sufficient Garryson that was at Gorcum and Louuestein there was alwayes meanes to sâ—ccour and delyuer the Towne of Gorcum as afterward well appeared by the cutting and pearsing of the dikes The Spaniard afterward determined to goe against Worcum where lay in Garrison fiue companies of the Prince to trouble and annoy the Spaniardes as much as was possible that came from Antwarpe where by constraint and force they made the Citizens pay them foure hundred thousande Florins besides the common dammage which they there presentlye susteyned about their costs and charges This little village was shrewdly beaten with Artillery but because the Prince of Orenge would not cast away his men about the defence of so ruinous a place Worcomme taken by the Spaniards and standing onely vpon fiue familyes or housholdes he therfore commaunded theÌ„ which were in it to forsake it and so they did howbeit they could not so well nor so speedily enbarque them selues but that they lefte aboue 150 persons behind them When the Spanyardes the 8. of Iune beganne to buyld their forte and trench themselues neere Lammen which is about a quarter of a myle from Leyden standing vpon a passage of waters which flowe ouer towards Delft zoeterwood and Leyerthorpe the Leydens hauing intelligence thereof and considering what mischiefe and domage might ensue to them therby haled out the 8. of the saide Moneth sixe smal Vessels to lette their fortifying and entrenching But when they were come neere to Lammen the Enemie so lustely charged them as that notwithstanding their merueilous defence they were inforâ—ed to retyre and returne backe to the Towne neither could they so speedely doe it but that they were fayne to leaue foure of the hyndermost vesselles behynde them by reason that the nose of one of them so touched vpon the shore of the Ryuer as that she was not able well to turne her selfe about and therefore they forsooke them and saued all her people in the rest of the vessels except foure or fiue The 9. of the saide moneth the Leydens had giuen the Prince to vnderstande hereof and wroate That if it so fell out as that the enemy went about to trouble their coÌ„ming with their boats which they hoped they would not yet that commandemeÌ„t was giuen to them of Woerden Ouldwater and the rest to be still molesting of Harlem Mere in the meane while they for their parts wold indeed according to their bounden duties shew their great zeale affection and continuall trauell towardes the benefiting of the common weale of theyr countrey And on the other side the enemy slept not but still went

together with the writing the same euening exhibited as I was foorthwith enforced to departe for the cause you wote of The chiefe Officers for certayne respectes and notable aduertisementes whiche sithence come haue commanded me that ouer and besides our Ladie Churche and S. Georges that were this day named that you should like wise for the present abstaine from S. Iames and S. Michaels Which your obedience shall greatly please the Magistrate and you therin shall shew your good willes And so with my commendations I end In post haste the 23. of August 1566. All yours Iames of Wesen becke Pensioner of Antwerpe WHen they of the Religion heard that they were forbidden the occuping of these foure Churches aboue specified they had conceiued this opinion that the Magistrate woulde bee contented at the least to winke at the seruing of their turnes with the rest of the Churches Wherefore they that spake Flemish would needes preach on sunday morning being the 24. of August at the Borough Churche and the Walonnes meant to preach at the Iacopins But the very same morning there came two Gentlemen from the Prince shewing them that they must at no hande haue recourse to anie of the Churches howebeit that the chiefe Officers coulde bee contented that they shoulde meete together in the newe Towne And for this purpose they deputed one of the Sberiffes to goe and appoynt the wardes to suffer the people peaceably to passe as they went to the Sermon in that place But forsomuchas the Fleminges were already assembled in great multitudes in the saide Churches it was thought beste to let them alone for that morning vppon condition that they shoulde in the Afternoone goe to the Sermon in the newe Towne as the Walonnes did Who beeing not as yet gotten into the Iacopins for they kepte the doores shut vppon them when as they heard that there was a discharge brought that they shoulde not come in any Church assembled themselues in the new Towne by the authoritie and permission of the Magistrate Nowe at that tyme was greete trouble in Antwerpe as well by reason of the pulling downe of the Images as also in regarde of the publique Sermons whiche then serued in steede of Masses Insomuche that the whole Citie kepte almoste continuall watche and warde and the Gates and shoppes thereof were close shutte vppe Whiche was the cause that the Prince of Orange who as before is saide was gone to Bruxelles made speedye returne to Antwerpe the sixe and twentye of Auguste with the charge as Gouernour appoynted by his Maiestye for the pacifiyng of the troubles For the bringing of which to passe he caused two gentlemen to require at the handes of the two Churches to witte the Fleminges and Walonnes to depute ech of them foure wise skilfull personages who should communicate with his excellency what meanes were best to appease assure the people both of the one religion and of the other To this charge were chosen and deputed for the Fleminges Marke Peris Charles of Bombergue Herman vander Meere and Cornelius of Bombergue And for the Walonnes Frauncis Godyn Iohn Carlier Nicholas du vinier and Nicholas Sellyn Whiche eight deputies were allowed and authorized to this charge by the Prince the 28. of August and by the chiefe Officers the laste of the sayde moneth by their deedes graunted to these endes Nowe for the first conference his Excellencie propounded to the sayde Deputies these fifteene Articles ensuing with the aunsweares to euerye of them exhibited by the sayde Deputies in the name of both the Churches and his Excellencies aunsweares againe to euery of their answeares To my Lorde Monsieur the Prince MY Lord forsomuchas in your ExcelleÌ„cies absence we may haue some other his Ma. Liuetenant not endued with such wisedome iustice and affection vnto the common weale quiet of this Citie as your selfe we are therfore inforced for our greater assurance in time to come to haue certayne poynts to vs propounded more particulerly to be cleared manifested which we woulde not thinke needful if wee were assured alwayes to haue to deale with your Excellencie by reason of the great trust whiche we repose in the same The first and second Articles FIrst you shal be no let to the Papists for their going to their Churches neither yet trouble them for the hauing of such exercise of their religion as they shall thinke meete conuenient 2 You shall not preache in any Churche but onely in the newe Towne and that in suche places as shall bee assigned to you The Answeare ALthough the Churches are common and free for all the Burgesses and not particuler to the Papistes yet doe wee promise neither to take nor occupie eyther by force or violence anye of them neyther yet trouble the Papistes in the exercise of their Religion Yet notwithstanding wee humblye beseeche your Excellencie to appoynt vs some Churche of theirs for the exercise of ours hauing regarde to the multitude and to the right that wee haue as Citizens whiche wee can by no meanes loose by reason of the embracing of the doctrine of the Gospell The third Artile 3 You shal haue but two Preachers and those to be of the same countrey borne The Answeare WE pray that the number of the ministers may be according to the multitude of the people and that you will graunte vnto vs for the present necessitie at the least eight for the Flemishe Churche and three for the Walonnes For the rest wee agree that the ministers of the word shal be of the same countrey borne the kings subiectes or receiued Citizens in some good citie hereabout The fourth Article 4 You shall not carrie any forbidden weapons vnto the Sermons but shal lay downe at the Princes feete al forbidden weapons The Answeare AS for the first poynt wee verily beleeue that his excellencies meaning is not but that it shal be lawfull and free for euery of vs to weare a sworde and a dagger and that hee will not graunt a larger libertie vnto the rest then the said sword and dagger And as for the seconde poynt which is to laye downe all forbidden weapons at the Princes feete vnder correction it should seeme that such a proposition concerning the priuiledges of the citie ought to be made generall to all Citizens and inhabitants of the same The fift 5 You shall make a Catalogue or rowle of all their names that bee of your Churche and the Prince shall call them before him to knowe of them if they had the same Catalogue The Answeare FOrsomuchas the libertie which we presently enioy is not confirmed by the king and the generall Estates therefore there are manie that will hardly graunt to haue their names in writing and withall it will be very harde to make such a Catalogue as his Excellencie desireth by reason of the great multitude of the people and therefore we beseech him not to take it in euill part if herein we satisfie not his desire but

the Deputies culled out certaine Articles whiche shoulde serue for a full resolution which his Excellencie hauing receiued digested them in order as followeth Articles agreed vpon and signed Articles digested into forme and order TO the ende that all troubles and discordes which haue fallen out within this Citie of Antwerpe by reasoÌ„ of religion might cease be for euer stayed and that all the Citizens Inhabitauntes thereof might from hencefoorth liue soberlye and peaceablye in all loue and amitte together and the negotiation or traffique bee brought againe vnto the olde trade and this Citie be defended from all further inconueniences So it is that after diuers communications and deliberations heereuppon had and holden and diuers poyntes and Articles propounded both on the one side and on the other my Lorde the Prince of Orange Vicount of this Citie and the appoynted Gouernour thereof in his Maiesties name and the right woorshipfull the Scowte or Marshall Boroughmaisters and Sheriffes of the same haue as it were by way of tolleration vntill suche time as his Maiestie with the aduise of the Generall Estates of these lowe Countries shal bee able otherwise to dispose and ordeyne agreed with those of the new Religion and permitted and tollerated these poyntes and Articles hereafter written which they of the Religion haue also promised and are bounde to keepe and follow 1 First of all they maye no way hinder nor trouble the Seruice Sermons nor other Church matters nor yet any of the Catholique religioÌ„ nor cause them to be hindred troubled nor indamaged by any manner of meanes soeuer 2 Also they maye not occupie nor yet keepe their Sermons or other exercises of their religion in anye Churches Monasteries or other hallowed places but onelye in some of the three places vndernamed to witte in the voyde or waste grounde of Paule van Gamer in the horse market In the voyde or waste grounde of Maister Lyekercke in Wapper or in the whiting garden in the Hospitall medowes harde by the Garden of the Archers and Arbalisters Prouided alwayes that if they canne gette none of these places aforesaide that then by the consent of his Excellencye they maye in steede of them vse some other places of the like bignesse and scituation and for so many vse those places in the newe Towne whiche heretofore they ware woonted to haue their Sermons in 3 At which places they may all at one time preach on the Sunday and vppon festiuall or holie dayes but vppon none other daies except it be on the Wednesday when there falleth not an holy daye in that weeke And they may haue for euerie preaching place a Minister and another to be ioyned with him who by reason of sicknes absence or other let may supply the others place as an assistaunt 4 Also that all these Preachers and Ministers muste bee borne in the Countries Subiecte to his Maiestie or els bee Citizens of some good Citie or Towne of those lowe Countries And thereuppon shall sweare vnto his Excellencye or in his absence to the Magistrate to bee obedient and faithfull in all matters of pollicie so longe as they shal remayne there 5 They may not haue nor beare to nor fro vnto the Sermons and of assemblie any Harquebusses Pistolles Holbardes or other forbidden weapons Alwayes prouided that no manne shall trouble anye of them for wearing either sworde or dagger 6 Item they shall in all matters of pollicie bee obetient vnto the Superiors and Magistrates and bee contributories to all the common charges of the Citie euen as all the reste of the Inhabitauntes and imploye them selues for the conseruation tranquilitie and common weale therof as wel as they 7 Item that all Preachers of what Religion soeuer they bee shall take heede howe they vtter anye despitefull rayling and iniurious wordes and generally all seditious speeches whether it be against anthority or the magistrate or against those of another religion Alwaies prouided that any thing coÌ„cerning doctrine or the exercise of religion the reprehending of manners and disordered kind of life shall not be taken for seditious wordes 8 Item that his Excellencie may depute any Magistrate to be present at the choosing of any ministers Elders or deacons of their Churches or at their meetings together for the handling of any other cause concerning their Religion to that end he might alwaies make a true and faithful reporte both to his Excellency and to the Magistrate 9 Item that one of them maye not mocke another ueyther yet hinder hurte nor doe violence one to another anye manner of way by reason of the diuersitie of Religion but shal be bound to helpe one another if so be any violence or wrong be done vnto them 10 Item that no person whatsoeuer he be of the one religion or the other may stop the law either in apprcheÌ„ding punishing or executing of Churchrobbers or offenders either yet in any other cause whatsoeuer but that the malefactors may bee dealte withall according to iustice 11 Item that none may sing in the streets where any people shall assemble or may be assembled 12 Item that his excellency the Magistrate of this citie shal not onely protect those of the religion but also generally all the inhabitants of this citie liuing in obedience peace and politike vnitie without regard whether they be of the Catholike or of this religion 13 All which poynts articles the ministers preachers of their Religion shal in al their sermons declare againe vnto the people admonish them with al speed to order and behaue them selues accordingly 14 Item that all the poyntes heeretofore mentioned shal as it were by way of tolleration bee inuiolably obserued and kepte vntill suche time as his Maiesty with the aduise of the generall estates of this countrey haue otherwise ordeined vnto the whiche ordinaunce those of the religion from thencefoorth shal be subiect and from this present promise to folow and keepe Alwaies prouided that if herein any thing shal bee established contrary to their conscience and religion that in this case there shal be a fit time agreed vpoÌ„ that they may without impeachmeÌ„t freely get them away out of the countrey with their goods whethersoeuer they please 15 Item that the Preachers ministers elders deacons and other seruitours in their Churches with a good number of the best qualified in their Religion shal agree to these articles promise to keepe cause theÌ„ to be kept to thevttermost of their power subscribe also for the greater assuraunce of this present act Prouided alwayes that they shall not by reason of this subscribing in time to come be suspected troubled nor hunted after And his Excellencie with a secretary in the name of the Magistrate of this citie shall subscribe also for their safetie vnto this present Acte of whiche two shall bee expedient the one for his Excellency and the Magistrate and the other for those of the religion In witnes wherof this present act is

confederates might easily consider gather to what ende this preparation of warre and yrefull threates of his maiestie tended but the Catholikes especially who with theyr craftie clayning and subtill dawbing might the easilier deceiue the Regent feigned that they wold rather become newters or els if they did any thing that they would after a sort take part with her excellencie as they saide for the common wealth and yet it was well enough perceiued that they shewed them selues secrete enemies both to the Inquisition and also to the Spaniardes howbeit because they hoped to obteine the good will and moderation whiche the Regent on the behalfe of her brother had giuen theÌ„ to vnderstand they to the end they would not haue their enterprises to bee discouered nor hindered fell to plaine dissembling But when both the confederates and catholikes vnderstoode of the rumor of the setting forwarde of the Spanishe warres eyther partie beganne to bestyrre hym and make shift for himselfe yea and some of the Protestants who before had refused and forsaken the gentle offer and ayde of strange captaines and souldiers because they woulde streng then themselues the better confirmed with them their confederacie and thereupon caused men to bee leuied who had taken and possessed certaine townes makyng thereby the Romanistes practises of none effect c. Now because the spoyle of the Churches greatly displeased the Catholikes they also leuied a great number of men of war that they might bee auenged of the downe pullers and breakers of theyr Images punishyng many in diuers places without being any thing at all gainsaid by any of the rest of the protestants For the third part of the confederates haunted no whit any of the assemblies but interdicting also the preachings imprisoned as many as continued constant in the exercise of religion rechristening the infants and remarrying those persons which by the ministers had been before baptised and marryed and besides when they had caused the preachings to cease they hunted and chased the ministers and gaue them vp vnto the Inquisition and to all the rest of the old ordenances Whereupon many were forced to get them away into other countries and cities where the exercise of the religion had free course amongest which Valencia was the most famous For this cause the Lady Regent had required and commanded the Valencians to take in a garrison to wit fiue ensignes of footemen and foure troupes or companies of horsemen whiche Monsieur de Noircarmes the Marques of Bergues lieuetenant Gouernour of Henault had brought But the Valencians flatly refused them the 22. of September the very selfe same yeere trusting to the strength of their citie and the ayde of certaine french which were with them Valencia is the second chiefe citie of Henault The scituation of Valencia scituate in a fruitfull soyle full of moysture by reason of two riuers which streame downe thither and there meete the greater of which is called the Escante whose spring head commeth froÌ„ the countrie of Vermand out of the East mouâ—taines and running downe by Cambray and the territories thereof taketh his couse by Valencia so vnto Conde where the Riuer called the Hayne whereof all the countrie is named falleth into Escant The whiche separating and diuiding Artoys from Henault runneth down by Tournay in Flaunders euen vnto Gand where it toyneth with Lys Which discendeth from Artoys and so parting it selfe into diuers armes runneth by Deuremond and Antwerp and lastly disgorgeth it selfe into the Ocean Sea Moreouer Valencia is a fayre citie well fenced with rampiers and ditches But the chiefest commoditie it hath is that they may drown all the whole Champion Countrie thereabout through the opening of certayne sluces or flood gates made for the same purpose for the stopping of al such as intended to come neere the Towne Ouer and besides this it is a citie well furnished with all kindes of merchandise seruyng for the trade and traffique of the Frenche and lowe countrie men When the ladie Regent had vnderstood of this refusall shee againe commanded to haue the gates to be set open Valencia refuâ—eth a garrison to take in a garrison which she had sent thyther by letters and withall the Duke of Arescote and the Counte Egmont to perswade them But when they coulde by no meanes bring to passe their purpose the Valencians were taken for his maiesties enemies and so declared and proclaimed in many places which terrified and feared the other cities Neuerthelesse at the last the said lords had so persuaded them as that they agreed to receiue a garrison although against theyr priuileges but because they would gladly bee discharged of them they were contented to giue them a summe of money vpon condition that they would agree to certaine articles Howbeit the catholikes woulde in no wise accept thereof saying that it was against all reason that any subiect shoulde prescribe lawes or articles vnto his Lord wherfore they straitly besieged the citie and made their trenches and enuironed them both on foote and horse backe In this mean while Monsieur de Noircarmes had gotten a litle village somewhat neere thereto called Spr Amand and had schooled and appointed them what they should doe and afterwarde in December 1566. hee came before Valencia with his whole campe The besiegeants likewise had prepared to defend themselues against the assaultes and attempts of the catholikes and had written to the cittes confedered beseeching their aide but especially to the gentlemen confedered because they would gladly haue been assisted by them seeing that by their incitation and encouragement they had taken in hand that warre The nobilitie woulde at no hand haue to doe with that cause but som of the common people gathered themselues together in low Flanders to rayse a campe but forsomuch as they were not prouided of an expert captain for the wars they in steebe of marching against the enemie made warre with the Priests and Churches and by that meane procured the losse of Valencia and were the cause of theyr owne destruction For when the gouernour of Doway and Orchies was aduertised of this assembly he sent against them both footemen horsemen to charge them in the reare ward Which thing wheÌ„ they of Tournay vnderstood they put theÌ„selues in armes for the ayding of the Valencians remouing of the siege The gouernour of Doway had all that night gotten his people together sent them into the champion countrey so that about 6. of the clocke in the morning there were in Armes 3. hundred Harquebuziers an hundred horses forbidding them not to fight vntill such teime as Monsieur de Noircarmes were come with his tenne Ensignes of footemen an hundred horse who assoone as they were come violently suddainely charged the men of warre of the Protestantes They of Tâ—urnay discomfited and put them to the foyle so that the third parte of them lay dead in the place and the rest were saued by their fast

be ruled by the determination ordenaÌ„ce of the generall estates The dutches also was of this minde who had said before the arriuall of the confederates that she was of the opinion to moderate his maiesties determination as touching the Inquisition yea she made a kynd of shewe in the kyngs name that she would exempt the countrie of Brabant from the Inquisition howbeit sithence her first commyng into these low countries vntill her departure hence she hath in very deed shewed the contrary For shee tooke this confederacy and the exhibityng of the supplication for disobedtence and sedition although shee had notwithstanding heretofore dissembled the same both in word and deed This her dissembling and hypocrisie the prince minded to shew not that hee had beene the inuenter and furtherer of this confederacie which no way toucheth him but because he woulde hereeby declare that she iumped with his maiesties opinion who esteemed of the confederates as rebels traytours But when as the dutches by his maiesties commandement by the aduise of all the councels had agreed to the supplication of the confederates yea so far as that she had promised vnder her owne hand and seale that the confederates should not bee holden guiltie nor yet accused by reason of this coÌ„federacie nor of what soeuer followed thereon it followeth that neither his maiestie nor yet the dutches had iust occasion to distrust the confederates neyther say that the Dutches had done it for any other purpose to appease those that had vndutifully behaued themselues and cast downe the Images which was altogether done against his will and pleasure Neuerthelesse a man might say that his maiesties meaning and the Dutches were diuerse although they agreed and were all one For the intent of eyther of both was none other but to winne the friendship and good will of the confederates whereby the welfare of his maiestie as they thoughte shoulde bee more aduaunced then hyndred For the declaration of his Maiestie and of the Dutchesse hath been so at large set downe as that it is enough to excuse and purge them of the accusation wherewith they were charged wherefore it is to be considered that neyther his Maiestie nor yet the Dutchesse do take the confederates to bee seditious thus a man may easily weigh how variable and inconstant the hearts and thoughtes of Kings and Princes are Moreouer the king had written with his owne hande to the same intent and purpose in the moneth of August to wit after and before that the sayd confederacie and supplication were made that his Maiestie greatly liked of the prince of Oranges seruices neyther did hee make any account of that that had passed and that the Prince shoulde not leaue off for any other reasons to bee perswaded touching his fidelitie but that his Maiestie wholly trusted him and woulde not beleeue any reasons that shoulde tende to his hurt of whome hee wrote that they had been too blame and done very ill Thus by the reasons aboue sayde may easily bee perceiued that there is no likelihoode why the sayde Prince shoulde bee called the chiefe inuentor and fautor of those that were rebelles seeing it could not be founde that he had stirred vp maynteyned and defended the sayde confederates neither was any man able to say that euer he protected any of the confederats or others and therfore why should he be ther of accused furthermore he is charged that some of the confederates put theÌ„ selues in armes and stood at defense in diuers places without regarde of any thing what so euer which matter toucheth no whitte the sayde Prince and therefore not bounde to answere it neyther yet to excuse himself for other mens faultes and offences and agayne hee is not to be charged in that that some of the confederates became after Rebelles and Traytors seeing that what so euer ensued thereof was done not onely without his commaundement but also to his great sorrowe and griefe Yea and that which is more all these thinges were committed in his absence and for that cause leuied hee men of warre for his owne defence although his aduersaries say to the contrarie and that this was done by reason that hee woulde take al his Maiesties authoritie to him selfe considering that he had at that tyme in his handes both cities and castles Howebeit the Prince had none other meaning but according to the Dutchesse commaundement reduce the sayde Countreys especially Holland Zeland and Vtryght of which he was goueruour to peace and quiernesse and them to conserue vnder his Maiesties obedience and fidelitie doing all duetie for the saythfull administring of his Estate and office Whereof the presidentes Counselles Estates Officers and Magistrates of the sayde Countreys and Cities can beare him good witnesse and that he was no whit partiall but admonished eyther partie to bee obedient and faithfull vnto his Maiestie as hee also so did in many other places where he had any dominion Which thing may manifestly bee seene by that that the Prince by the grace of God hath there resisted and letted that in all these troubles and seditions no Citie or Towne belonging to his Maiestie hath been endomaged taken or withdrawne either from his or the Dutchesse obedience And for confutation and ouerthrowe of the Count Hooghstrate his inditement and the accusation of his ambition and for the holding of an assemblie in his castle of Hooghstrate or the conspiring with the Countes of Egmont and Horne at Deuremond likwise his conspiracie with the Prince of Orange in ioyntly ioyning together in armes against his Maiestie and the stopping with all their power and might the enteraunce of his armie into Brabant The Prince protesteth and referreth himselfe ouer to the testimonies of the Lordes that then were asseÌ„bled at Hoogstrate who can report whither any other matters were there treated of then visiting of one another and to be merry together in meeting of certain noble meÌ„ strangers their good friends kinsmen neither shall it euer be prooued that any thing in that place was determined concluded vpon that might any way turn to his M. hurt And again they shall neuer be able truly proue that he had been at any assembly either at Deuremond or in any other place about the consulting conspiring for the stopping of his M. arriuall into Brabant But he right well vnderstandeth that all these actions haue sinisterly bin enterpreted vnto his M. which hath greatly empayred his highnes louing affertion to wards him For he had gotten the copy of a letter written by Francis of Alana his M. ambassador in France to the Dutchesse that wheÌ„ time place serued the Countes of Egmond Horne and the P. of Orange shoulde be punished as they had deserued but that in the meane while they should be gently and louingly intreated and in the said letter was also conteyned that the troubles and commotions in Brabant were imputed to them Thus here we see the principall cause of their

continue this our historie The Duke of Alua seeing that the Prince with his armie had forsaken the low Countries as a triumphant conquerour pursued the tyrannous persecution which hee had begun against those of the reformed religion as more at large is set downe in the booke next before and although that in these Countries the warres were for the space of foure yeeres surpressed to wit from the yeere 1568. vnto the yeere 1572. Yet haue they not been free from the abundant spilling of innocent blood through the horrible furie of this vnnaturall and cruel tyrant But when the Lorde woulde graunt vs a beginning of our deliuerance hee suffered this foresaid Tyrant to abuse hymselfe through his owne insatiable couetousnes The duke demaÌ„ deth the tenth pennie by demanding of all the merchandize both going out coÌ„ming in vnto these low Countries the tenth pennie also the xx pennie of all the vnmoueable goods that should be sold within the said countries although all the Estates of the Prouinces tolde him of the inconueniences that might fall out by reason of this extreeme exaction yet persisted he in his demaunde thinking that no man durst once gainsaye him notwithstanding that it was cleane against their Priuiledges Which thing greatly moued the common people and the Citizens of all the Cities were maruellously grieued as wel for the tenth penny which the Duke woulde haue no nay of as also for the great tyranny hee vsed Lastly hee purposed to put this tenth pennye in execution in the Cytie of Bruxelles where his Court was thinking that by reason of his presence no manne durst say him naye But the Bruxellians dyuerslye sette them selues against it For neyther woulde the Brewers brewe anye drinke nor yet the Bakers bake anye bread To bee shorte there arose so greate troubles in this Citie of Bruxelles as that the Duke him selfe feared the tumulte and furye of the common people And therefore the Citizens of Bruxelles are woorthye all honour and prayse for so boldelye defending the Pryuiledges of theyr Countrey During these troubles in Bruxelles the common people of the rest of the cities and townes both in Brabant Flanders were also troubled so that the Hollanders and Zelanders begun likewise to rowze themselues out of their sleepe which made the fugitiues and banished men to thinke on their businesse and determined once againe to inuade the low countries seeing the Inhabitants of the said countries began to oppose themselues against the tyrant Wherfore De Lumay Earle of March being in England Briele taken by the L. of Lumay hauing at his commandement certayne ships got himself his retiâ—â—e to Sea vpon the sodaine tooke the Briele a towne in Holland the 1. of April 1572. For the saide Count first set the South gate on fire by meane whereof Inhabitantes kept them selues close in their houses and in the meane while the souldiers skaled the towne and the North gate and so woon it afterwarde brake and destroyed the Images and altars of the Churches The Duke of Alua was forthwith aduertised of this sodaine taking and although the newes pleased him neuer a whit yer made he small accompt of his enemies because he had continually most victoriously driuen them out of the countrey Wherfore he sent two ensignes of Spaniards from Vtright to the Briele to driue out the Gueses Howbeit the Gueses met them with theyr boates who discharging their Harquebuzes vppon the Spanyardes and comming on lande made the Spaniardes lustely flye through the myre and dyrt and droue them to Dordright The Count Bossu hauing the charge of ten ensignes of Spanyardes considering with himselfe that the Gueses would not willingly forsake and lose the Briele but were rather more like to get many other townes he therfore came to Rotterdame willing them that he might passe through the towne Whiche thing the Citizens at the first choppe denied him neuerthelesse in the end they were contented that his people shoulde passe by Diâ—aines A Massacre in Rotterdame but they making hed al at once at the gates entred together into the towne and villaynously murdered a great number of the Citizens and this was done the nienth of Aprill 1572. Three dayes before Flushing reuolteth whiche was Easter day the towne of Flushing reuolted wherein was a garnison of Walonnes And it so fell out that as the Citizens were at Churche sodaynely there was an vprore by reason that it was bruted that the Spaniardes were comming to lodge in the Towne and as the Harbingers were appoynting the lodginges they pycked a quarrell with one of the Citizens and gaue him yll language as they coulde well ynough The Cytizens who were at Churche hearing of this noyse came foorth and draue the Walonnes cleane out of the Towne and kepte the gates themselues When the Spanyardes were come before Flushing they woulde not let them come in whereuppon they hearing that the garnison of the Walons were driuen out tooke their course to Middlebrough the chiefe citie of the Isle of Walcheren where they were receyued Nowe when the Captayne of the Spanyardes who was the Duke of Alua his kinsman arryued at Flushing hee thought to haue found the Spanyardes there But the Townes men who knew wel inough that he was comming went to meete him byddyng him welcome and doyng him great honour as the maner is to honor such noblemen howbett that honour lasted not long for they foorthwith layde handes on hym and hanged him on the gallowes And so this towne hath been euer sithence kept for the prince of Orange which is the chiefe key of the Sea to come into the lowe countries to bee brought into subiection howbeit it is worthie great commendation by reason of the noble feates of warre which the Citizens haue exployted against the practizes and stratagemes of the Spaniardes for the defense of the countrie The 24. of May following after that the count Lodwike of Nassou had made a new couenaunt in Fraunce with the confederates he surprysed Monts in Haynault after this maner Mons in Haynault surprised The nyght before there went into Mons twelue aduenturers apparrelled like merchauntes and beeing at the table in the euenyng they asked of the hoste what tyme in the morning the Gates were opened The hoste tolde them at foure of the clocke and if so bee they woulde goe out any timelier he said that if they woulde giue the porter the wyne the Gates should bee opened for them as early as they woulde These iollye Merchants rose very timely and caused the Gates to bee opened promising to giue the Porter a peece of money But so soone as the Gates were open they dispatcht the Porter with a Pistoll shot and tooke away the keyes When the Gates were open counte Lodwike entred the towne with fortie men and placed them at the corners of the streetes and if any man went about to open eyther dore or window they would discharge their

had sent for the Spanyardes whiche laie at Aloft and Mastright and were all gotten together into the same strength the 4. of Nouember 1576. thei in great furie set vpon the Toune where the Citezens did the best thei could to preserue it But what through the cowardise of the Almaines and the treason of Cornelius Vaneynd who laie in the Toune with fower Ensignes of Almaines as also by reason of the wilfull negligence of the Leaders in the ende the flowre of all the Cities in Europe was sacked a greate number murdered and the triumphant Toune house set on fire whereupon euery quarter rounde about it was dissolued into ashes so that an inestimable treasure of all kinde of Marchaundize was therein consumed ouer and besides the horrible and greeuous villanies committed bothe by the Spanyardes and traiterous Almaines Whiche horrible dealyng when the Estates of the 15. Prouinces alreadie vnited vnderstood who right well knew to their cost the Spanyardes olde canckred malice towardes the lowe Countries treated a peace with the Prince of Orenge and the Estates of Holland and Zealand the 8. of Nouember 1576. at the Citie of Gant the Copie of whiche pacification ensueth Phillip by the grace of God Kyng of Castile Leon The pâ—ciâ—â—ration of Gant Arragon Nauarre Naples Sicile Maiorque Sardingne of the Isles Indians and firme lande of the Ocean Sea Arch Duke of Austriche Duke of Burgonie Lothier Brabant Limbrough Luxenbrongh Gelderland Mylaine Count of Harbsbrough Flanders Artois Burgonie Palatine and Haynault Holland Zealand Namure and Zurphen Prince of Suane Marques of the holy Empire Lord of Friseland Salines Malines of the Citie Cities and Countrie of Vtright Transsissolaine and Groening Gouernour and chiefe Ruler in Asia and Affrique To all those to whom these presentes shall come to bee seene or heard Greetyng For so muche as the generall Estates beyng assembled in this our Citie of Bruxelles haue shewed vnto our deare and welbeloued Subiectes of our Counsell of Estate by vs deputed to the generall gouernement of our lowe Countries as it is amongst the deputies of the Prelates Nobles Cities and Members of Brabant Flanders Artois Haynault Valencian Lyle Doway and Orchie Namure Tournay Touruesy Vtright and Malines representing the Estates of the said Countries and the Deputies of the Prince of Orenge and Estates and Cities of Holland and Zealand and their Associates respectiuely on either side deputed hauyng made and set doune a certaine treatie of pacification haue required the parties aforesaied to make Letters Pattentes thereof vnder our name and seale with and insertion of the procurations of the saied Deputies and there withall a clause or prouiso that all the Subiectes of the Countries in the saied pacification comprised shal be bound to obserue the same in euery point and condition And besides to commaund and charge all Gouernours Presidents Counselles and Magistrates of our Countries to proclaime the saied pacification of which treatise the content thereof with the saied procurations hereafter ensue To all men to whom these presentes shall come to be seene heard or read Greetyng For so muche as the Countries here about these nine or teune yeares now last past through the ciuill Warres the proude and cruell gouernement loosenesse of life and suche other like disorders of the Spanyardes and their adherentes are fallen into greate miserie and calamitie for the preuenting whereof and also for the ceasing of all other further troubles oppressions and miseries of the saied Countries by the meanes of some sure peace and pacification to be had there were in Februarie in the yeare 1574. deputed and assembled at Breda the Commissaries of his Maiestie of the Prince of Orenge and of the Estates of Holland and Zealand of their Associates by whom were propounded diuers meanes and offers greatly seruyng for the settyng forward of the saied pacification and yet for all that there followed not thereof the fruite that was looked and hoped for but contrariwise whiles thei looked and hoped for comforte and meanes from his Maiesties benignitie the saied Spanyardes daiely went on in oppressyng and spoilyng thereby to bryng the poore Subiectes into perpetuall bondage and flauerie threatnyng Noble men and Cities and after a Warlike maner inuading sackyng and burnyng and therefore the Substitutes proclaimed them Enemies to his Maiestie and the common weale And the Estates here about were enforced by the leaue of the saied Substitutes to take Armes vpon them for the preuentyng of a further mischiefe or rather the vtter ruine of the whole And that the Enhabitauntes of all these lowe Countries beyng vnited together in a firme peace and accorde might ioyntly driue out the saied Spanyardes and their adherentes disturbers of the Countries and reduse them vnto the forme and maner of their olde and auncient Lawes Priuiledges Customes and Liberties whereby the traffique and wealth might be restored vnto them againe And for that cause was the former meetyng of the saied Lordes Deputies of the Countries accordyng to the treatie of the peace begun at Breda to the honor of God and seruice of his Maiestie betweene the Lords of the Cleargie the Nobilitie Cities and Members of Brabant Flaunders Artois Haynault Valencien Lysle Doway and Orchies Namure Tournay Tournesy Vtright and Malines representing the Estates of the saied Countries And the Prince of Orenge the Estates and Cities of Holland and Zealand and their Associates by the Commissaries of either side respectiuely deputed To witt the Reuerend Father Dan Ihon of Lynden Abbot of Sainct Bertrude in Louuaine Dan Gislain Abbott of Sainct Peters in Gant Dan Mathewe Abbot of Sainct Gislain chosen Bishop of Arras Lord Ihon of Mole Maister of Octingue Maister Frances Alewin Maister of Sueuegem Gouernour and Captaine of Andenerde and Commissarie for the renuyng of the Magistrates in Flanders Maister Charles Gaure Lord of Frezin Knightes Maister Elbert Leonine Doctor of the law and professor in the Vniuersite of Louuain Maister Peter Beure Counseller to his Maiestie in his Counsell in Flaunders and Maister Quintin Prietz high Sherife of Mons in Haynault with Ihon de Penants a Counseller also and Maister of his Maiesties Chamber of Accomptes in Brabant The honorable Secretarie on the behalfe of the saied Estates of Brabant Flanders Artois Haynault c. And Maister Phillip Marnix Maister of Sainct Aldegond Arnold Thorpe Maister of Teemsick Willyam Zuilen of Newfielde Maister of Heexartbergue Esquire Maister Adryan Myle Doctor of the Lawes and one of his Excellencies Counsell and also of the Prouinciall Counsell of Holland Maister Cornelius Kyng a practizer of the Lawes and an other of his Excellencies Counsell Maister Paule Buys an Aduocate of Holland Maister Peter Riche Baylife of Flusshyng Anthony Sickell Counseller of Zealand and Adryan Yong Burrough maister of Middlebrough for the saied Prince the Estates of Holland Zealand and their Associates accordyng to the tenure of their Commission inserted at the ende of this present Treatie made and established Wherein is concluded

monethe and yere he was with greate triumphe and ioye marueilously receiued The Almaines at Breda were by the Estates besieged who deliueryng vp their Colonell Fronsberg prisoner departed vppon composition frankly and freely the 4. of October The 22. of October the Prince was chosen Gouernour of Brabande to the greate contentation of the whole Countrey The Prince of Orenge chosen Gouernem of Brabant makyng Bonefiers at Bruxelles in token of wonderfull ioye After that the Duke of Arscot was appoincted Gouernour of Flanders he went to Gande where the Citezens and Enhabitauntes louyngly receiued hym bauyng marchyng before him 23. Ensignes of footmen and 300. horse she wyng all the tokens of ioy that might be Now three daies after that he was receiued as Gouernour to wit the 28. of October thei hauyng some â—umultes and vprores growyng emongest theim selues went of their owne heades to his house and tooke and ledde hym awaie prisoner to the no small greef bothe of the Prince The Duke of ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ â—aken prisoner by them of Gaunt and Counsell of Estate and also of the Generall Estates But the 14. of Nouember acknowledged their fault and the greate inâ—urie whiche thei had doen hym thei set hym free and at libertie and yet with this condition that he should forget his euill handelyng and pardon the wrong that was dooen vnto hym and neuer once thinke of it more At the very same tyme likewise thei tooke the Bishoppes of Bruges and Ypres The Baron of Rassingem the Lorde of Champigni the Lorde of Moucron and his sonne The Lorde of Sueuegem and Eycke The first of Nouember 1577. Prelates and Gentlemen taken prisoners at Groenyng the Citizens and Enhabitants of the Citie of Groening in Friselande tooke certaine Prelattes and Gentlemen of the Countrey of Groening prisoners by reason of the auncient quarrell and dissention that the Citie long tyme had against the Countrey men Wherefore thether was sent Monsire Sainct Aldegonde and Sille by his Excellencie the Counsaile of Estate and of the Estates generall Howbeit thei could winne nothyng at the common peoples hande Neuerthelesse some of the Prisoners afterwarde very craftely got out of Prison and escaped out of the Towne also The 9. or 10. of Nouember 1577. appeared a fearfull Comette in the lowe Countreis A blazyng Starre seen wherevpon ensued great sheddyng of blood and the death of Don Ihon. The chiefe Lordes there aboutes The Archduke Mathias commeth into the â—owe Countreis trustyng to mollefie the Kynges harte by makyng some of his owne blood Gouernour generall sent the Lorde of Malstede to the right high Mathias Archduke of Austriche sonne and Brother to the Emperour beseechyng hym to come thether for that ende and purpose But the Archduke seyng that the Emperour was afeard to displease the Kyng and therefore would not consent thereto secretly departed from Vienne without hauyng any bodie with hym saue the L. de Danwiâ—tes his chiefe Chamberlaine And at last came to Antwerpe the 12. of Nouember 1577. The 7. of December Don Ihon and his adherentes proclaimed open enemies Don Ihon and his Adherentes were declared to bee the Kynges and Countreis enemies and so proclaimed the tenure whereof ensueth By the Kyng OUR deare and faithfull Knight Lorde George de Lalayng Count of Renneberge free Baron de Ville Gouernour and Captaine generall of our Countrey of Friselande Oueryssell Groenyng and Lingem Greetyng Whereas certaine Cities Castles Fortresses and other places of certaine Prouinces hereabout especially certaine Noblemen Gentlemen and priuate persons haue gone about and doe contrary to the duetifull sidelitie whiche thei owe to vs and then Countrey directly to ouer reache and crosse the pacification made at Gaunt and the perpetuall Edict whiche thereon ensued by vs agreed vpon and breakyng the vnyon whiche the generall Estates of our Countreis here aboutes made and by some of them subscribed vnto takyng parte with the Spanyardes whom we of late declared and proclaimed Rebelles and had helde and did stil hâ—lde with Don Ihon of Austriche and the saied Spanyardes and their adherentes fauouryng aâ—yng and assistyng them with counsatle Men Munition Victualles Moneâ— and other necessaries shewyng them selues as aduersaries and takyng armes against vs the saied Estates generall and their owne Countrey for the whiche thei are to bee taken as Rebelles and worthie so to bee punished bothe in bodie and goodes And we are further informed and aduertised that the said Cities places and persones whiche fauour our aduerse partie as before hath beene saied seeke by all meanes possible to chaunge alter leuie and recouer their Goodes Reuâ—nues Rentes and debtes whiche thei haue had and yet haue in ouâ— Countreis here about bothe for the helpyng of them selues and also for the bestowyng of the same against vs and their Countrey and more would bestowe if wee on our behalfe looked not to the same in tyme. And therefore wee hauyng considered of the matters aforesaied and beyng very desirous to remedie the same haue by the aduise of our most deare and welbeloued the Prelattes Nobles and Deputies of the Prouinces and Cities representyng the saied generall Estates of our Countries here aboutes presently assembled in this our Citie of Bruxelles ordained and by these presentes doe ordaine all our Lieutenauntes Gouernours Officers Ammans Drossartes Bayliefes Marshalles Prouostes and Receiuers of our Reuenues euery one within his Precinct and Iurisdiction and as many to whom this shall appertaine to take a note and make seysure of all the mouâ—able and immoneable Boodes Aâ—â—ions and Credittes of our saied Aduersaries their adherentes and fauters aswell those which belong vnto the Cities Townes Commonaltie as also to priuate persones and the same to be kept and conserued for the benefite and vse of those to whom it shall appertaine and after to bee ordered and disposed as shal be thought good We also further will and commaund all those whiche haue in possession pawne or that can otherwise tell if any goodes debtes or actions belongyng to suche as take parte with our saied aduersaries and enemies of the generall Estates of what estate and condition so euer thei are that forthwith or at the least within eight daies after the publication hereof thei denounce signifie and declare vnto the chiefe Officer resiaunt amongest them together vnto the Receiuer of our Reuenues there aswell whatsoeuer thei haue in pawne and possession and whatsoeuer els thei owe vnto the saied persones fauouryng our saied aduersaries or whatsoeuer els thei knowe others to haue in pawne or possession or might any waie owe them And besides where wee haue heretofore inhibited and forbidden wee also by these presentes doe inhibite and forbidde all our Subiectes or other Enhabitauntes and Resiauntes in our saied Countreis hereabout of what estate or condition soeuer thei bee to paie or deliuer vnto any of the saied Enemies and Aduersaries of the Countreis or their adherentes whether it be to Cities Tounes Burroughes Fraternities or other priuate

Articles But because the Catholiques had not obserued the saied Articles of a gremente thei of the reformed Religion sent the old Magistrate and Franciscane Friers out of the Toune because thei would not agree to graunt theim of the reformed Religion any libertie and besides thei had also broken that poincte of the agreement whiche was made about the cause of the sworne men As the Spanyardes laie at the siege of Nyuelle Niuelle rendreth Monsire de Villers Gouernour of the Towne abode the Canon and although it was not to holde out yet he so valiauntly helde out fower assauâ—tes to wit from twelue of the clocke in the afternoone vnto seuen of the clocke at night as that the enemte made his retraict without order and afterwarde helde it two daies without parle still lookyng for ayde In the meane while the Prince and the Count of Bossu wrote vnto hym that he should withdrawe hymself with the sauftie of his people aswell as he could whiche thyng he did and departed thence by composition with bodies and goodes swordes and daggers and so did likewise the Captames and Chieftaines of the Horsemen the 15. of February 1578. Duryng these exploites An imperiall diet at Wormes there was an imperiall dyet appointed at Wormes whether was sent Monsire Sainâ—t Aldegonde Counsailour for the Estate by his Excellencie and the Estates to shewe there the estate of the affaires hereabout together for the requiryng of ayd from the Empire and Germaine Princes their good Neighbours as to people who ought to haue had some feelyng and compassion of this their greate miserie and â—alamitie The Estates also meanyng to make the same request to the Queene of England appointed for that purpose the 9. of March The Estates request to the Queene of England the Marques of Hawreche who so well plied his businesse as that he obtained at her Maiesties handes assueraunce bothe of men and money for the aidyng of the saied Estates who was also greatly honored for his owne priuate cause and besides receiued at her highnesse handes a very goodly present The 21. of Marche the greate Counsaile of Friselande was taken at Leeward to witt the President Ygrammes Ichlum Iuliers Dekema Peter Fritzma Forco Bommerts Aâ—thony Leualy Counsailours and many others and in their steade were appointed newe Counsailours to witt Maister Francâ—s Kysinga Maister Fecco Baida Maister Ihon de Steueren and many others And besides the chiefe beyng the Bishoppe of Leewarde was sent to the Castle and also certaine Counsailours whiche was taken and the rest were restâ—ained within their owne houses The 7. of Aprill the yeare aforesaied seuen of the Wallon Ensignes A mutynie amoÌ„gst some of the Souldiers at Mastright of the nine whiche laie in Garnison at Mastright mutyned for their paye and tooke the Baron of Heze their Colonell and Gouernour of the saied Towne prisoner and all the Captaines Liutenauntes Ensigne bearers and Officers of his Regiment And besides conspired to deliuer vp the Towne into the handes of the Enemie But after thei had sent Seigniour Nycholas Salmier Knight Lorde of Melcroye with the saied payes and contented the Souldiers he first of all released the prisoners and afterwarde by his wâ—t and pollicie became Maister of the Conspirators some of whiche were drouned and some hanged and hauyng brought in an other Garnison was assured thereby of the Towne in the behalf of the Countrey The 22. of Aprill An ordenaÌ„ce vpon the pacification of Gaunt there was a newe ordenaunce published at Antwerpe about the obseruation of the pacification at Gant and that all the Enhabitauntes and Citizens there about of what estate or condition soeuer thei were should bee sworne and as many as refused the same to be taken for enemies In so muche that all persones both Ecclesiasticall and seculer tooke the same othe sauyng the Iesuites who because thei would not obeye were merueilously suspected by reason whereof the common people mutyned against them Howbeit thei were for all that no waie miâ—used because of the good order whiche the Colonelles had set in the Towne The Ieâ—uites and Frters goe out of the Citie of Antwerpe saue onely were honestly sent out of the Towne aswell for their priuate assueraunce as also beyng suspected for the benefite and saufetie of the Commonweale whiche thyng was doen vpon Whitsondaie Then the Friers craued tyme to deliberate vppon but when thei sawe in the ende that the rest of the beggyng Friers Prelattes Cathedrall Churches and all Ecclesiasticall persones were obedient to the saied commaundement thei were resolued to doe the like except the Prior and three others of his Couent who obstinately stood inâ—t and therefore were likewise as men suspected tourned out of the Toune Whiles these Friers were deliberatyng what to doe some of the people that were in Armes beyng not well pleased went on forwarde with the matter and would haue enforced them which their fonde dealyng the Burroughmaister clerely frustred Nenerthelesse twoo of the companie beyng Souldiers so farre forgott them selues as that thei helde the pointes of their swordes before hym for the whiche thei lost their heades The Duke of Aniowe The men of warre of the Duke of Aniowe enter into the Countrey sent his men of warre vnto the Borders of Haynault where thei were greatly oppressed by the enemie And the Estates likewise had appointed Colonell Combelle to enter into the saied Countrey and laie with his people at Leus in Haynault a Towne of Monsire de Barlaymont whom the Spanyardes commyng to set vpon were brauely repulsed and ioliilie cooled and therevpon were enforced to retire the 21. of Maâ—e 1578. After that the Spanyards had long time besieged the Toune of Phillippeuille it was enforced at laft Phillippeuille beâ—ged and rendred for want of Victualles and Munytion to yeeld vpon composition the saied 21. of Maie While the Enemie was makyng preparation to besiege Limbourg Limbourg besteged and rendred the Gouernour and Souldiers demaunded Victualles and Munytion and promised that if thei might haue them to keepe the Towne and Castle Then the Archduke Mathias and the Estates prouided for all thynges necessarie And yet notwithstandyng thei fell to a parle with the Enemie and yeelded the same place the 15. of Iune the yere a oresaied The Duke of Aniowe for the better accomplishyng of his deuise came with a small companie to Mons in Haynault the 11. of Iulie howbeit his trame followed hym Campen besâ—eged and rendred The Almaine Souldiers of the Regiment of Polwyler who before the pacification of Gaunt laâ—e in Garnison in the Countrey of Oueryssell in Campen and Deueuter refused to come thence yea thei so greatly and so long dissembled the matter as that the saied peace was broken declaryng then that thei helde the saied Tounes for Don Ihon. Whereupon the Estates besieged them and first the Count of Rennenberge Baron of Ville and Gouernour of Friselande who was there named the generall of the

saied 25 And for the due execution as well of matters of life and death as ciuile and the reasonable satisâ—yng of euery man It is ordeined that all Lawes and Magistrates of perticuler Cities Castles Tounes and Manors of all the Countreis hereabout shall be chosen to be suche men as are best qualified and louers of their Countrey without difference of Religion 26 Which Lawes and Magistrates shall entermeddle them selues onely and altogether in the state of Iustice Pollicie or Gouernement of those Cities and places where thei are chosen 27 That no man shall herein any waie hinder trouble or let them nor by any meanes haue to doe with them in any matter or vnder any colour whatsoeuer 28 And seeyng that in this behalfe there haue of late newe Magistrates been chosen thei whiche are called the eighteene or others whiche are appointed in their steades whether thei bee moe or fewer shall fully and wholie be deposed and forbidden to thrust them selues in about any dealynges of the publique affaires nor yet with the fortefiyng and guardyng of any of the Cities except thei bee especially chosen and deputed thereto by the saied Magistrates 29 And as concernyng this point thei maie not set doime any order of importaunce without thei first talke thereof with those Magistrates of the Cities where thei are appointed to deale and that by their expresse appointment vpon the paines aforesaied 30 And to the cude that this our ordenaunce might the better bee obserued the Commissioners and the rest of the Deputies or suche as haue auchoritie to chose newe Magistrates shal substitute fower notable vertuous and well qualified persones who vppon all occasions without exception maie by vertue of their Office make inquisition of the infringyng and crossyng of the saied Ordenaunce and the same so made to sett it doune in writyng and three of their handes at the least to be at it and immediatly to bee deliuered vp into the handes of the Magistrate and he hauyng taken a sommary knowledge thereof to proceede against the transgressors with speedie execution vpon the paines aforesaied 31 Prouided alwaies that the Office of the said notable and vertuous men shall last but one yeare and bee newe chosen and chaunged with the Magistrate 32 And by reason that the disobedience of certaine Cities hereabout against their Magistrate giueth occasion of greate distrust hauyng partly euen vnto this present hindred the permission of the libertie of the Religion and that without the sinceritie of the saied obedience there can no good grounde of any assueraunce be looked for It is therefore enacted ordeined and accorded that not onely all Magistrates but also all others of what estate qualitie or condition soeuer thei are shall from henceforth be bounde to obeye and followe all the Ordenaunces Commissions Letters and Commaundementes aswell of the said Archduke his hignesse beyng Gouernour and Captaine Generall as also of the saied Lordes the generall Estates bothe for the leuiyng dischargyng entertainyng and wagyng of men of Warre and Garmsons and shall also accordyng to the custome and maner of a Gouernour and Captaine receiue and paie out all suche sommes of money as are meere for the maintenaunce of this present Warre and generally for all thynges els 33 And all Prisoners without exception of any of what qualitie or condition soeuer thei bee and where soeuer thei are kept shall forthwith bee brought to the Lawe before their ordenarie Iudge or for want hereof to be released vnder suche conditions as for the Common wealth the sauetie bothe of them selues and Countrey shall be thought conuement vpon paine that the offenders bothe in generall and perticuler shall be left to them selues as enemies and disturbers of the Common wealthe and their goodes to be bestowed vpon the necessitie of the rest in generall 34 Prouided alwaies that if so bee any reasonable causes maie be shewed why menne should not forthwith be bound to obeye the aforesaied Ordenaunces Letters and Commaundementes that then the execution of theim to bee deferred in case the matter be able to abide any delaye vntill suche tyme as vppon the receipt of a gentle and reuerend aunswere backe again some other order be taken therein 35 And the same seconde Ordenaunce and Commaundement euery man shall bee bounde to obeye without further repliyng or delaye 36 All this to bee doen without hurt to the Priuiledged and laudable Customes or Orders of euery of the saied Prouinces whiche are still in their full force and strength notwithstanding this Ordenaunce by whiche wee meane not any waie to derogate from the saied Priuileges Alwaies reseruyng to his highnesse and the generall Estates and to either of theim the interpretation declaration diminution augmentation or chaunge of this ordenaunce and euery parte and parcell of the same as to the welfare and peace of the Countrey hereafter shall be founde to appertaine And for a full confirmation and assuraunce of all that hath been before saied the high and mightie Princes willingly and in good earnest haue comprised themselues within this treatie whiche Princes and either of theim haue as a warraunt and pledge of their fidelitie as well on the one part as the other and for a full accomplishment and setled obseruation of whatsoeuer hath been abouesaied promised and sworne in the woordes of a Prince and by the faithe and Religion whiche thei receiued at their Baptisme to defend warraunt make restitution both on the one side and on the other vnto him whosoeuer he be that shal finde hymself hereafter to bee endomaged in what maner soeuer either in parte or in all by the breakyng or crossyng of that whiche heretofore hath been saied And will also if it be possible singulerly protecte the Prelates and all other Ecclesiasticall persones so that thei shall not any waie be molested or troubled either in their persones exercises of their said Religion neither yet in the peaceable possessyng and entoiyng either of their Tithes or whatsocuer gooddes and possessions els And this is bothe by the Counsell of Estate and also of the general Estates of the Countreis hereabout assembled at Antwerpe deuised and decreed the 12. of Iuly 1578. After the publication of this peace of the Religion Publicke preachyng throughout all the towe Couutreis the reformed Religion was publickly vsed in many Cities of the low Countreis but especially at Leeward in Friselande was the first Sermon that was openly preached the 13 of August 1578 in the Iacopines Churche euen by the consent of the Friers themselues that were owners of the saied Churche The Cities of Quesnoy and Landercy whiche the Estates had promised to Monsieur Duke of Aniowe would not receiue in the Frenche but refused theim And therevpon the Abbot of Marolles was sent to see if he could cause theim to graunt vnto it howbeit it was to no purpose And therefore the said Duke required to haue some other places The Emperour beeyng greeued in weighyng and consideryng of the miserie and warre

hereabout sent the Count of Swertsenbergh to the Estates offryng theim if it were possible to agree them with their kyng and to be an intercessour for them yea and promised further all the aide and seruice he was able to make and doe for that purpose The Emperour the Frenche king and the Queene of Englande sende their Imbassadours to the Estates The Frenche kyng also by Monsieur de Ballenre and the Queene of Englande by the Lorde Cobham and Maister Secretarie Walsingham one of her Maiesties priuie Counsell beyng sent all at one tyme to his highnes to Monsieur the Prince and to the Estates made the same declaration and offer whiche was to goe to Don Ihon to heare hym speake of that whiche thei pretended to gett of hym whiche thyng thei did and so tooke their iourney towardes him carriyng with them the Articles of the Estates and thei were all so foreward in their businesse as that the Deputies on either side mette at Louaine And as thei had brought the matter to a ioylly forewardnesse the kyng wrate to Don Ihon to leaue of that matter and put it into the Emperours handes Wherevppon euery manne retourned from whence he came without any forewardnesse or conclusion of the thyng And this matter begaÌ„ to be treated of in the latter ende of August and ended in the beginnyng of September 1578. Duke Casunere hauyng rested hymself for a tyme Casimere coyneth hym self with the Camp of the Estates in the Countrey of Zurphen about the musteryng of his men to witte vii thousande footemen wherof fower thousande were French shotte and sixe thousande horse arriued in Brabande and ioyned hymself with the Estates the 26. of August Certaine Prelates and Gentlemen of the Countrey of Groenyng who were kept in prison in Groenyng seeyng that thei could not bee released by any of the chief Lordes letters to witte neither by his highuesse excellencie and Estates neither yet by the Commissioners whiche were expresly sent thether founde the meane to make an escape and the 17. Certaine prisoners eskape from Groenpng of September thei by a deuise got awaie sauyng three Prelates and three gentlemen who durst not put it in suche an aduenture because thei feared to bee surprised in their departure For there was greate partialitie betweene the Citie of Groenyng and the Countrey men by reason of certain Rightes and Priuiledges whiche was the cause that thei were taken prisoners Thei called also to remembraunce that the Nobilitie had heretofore armed theim selues against the Citie and had leuied and gotten together menne of warre whom the Citezeins of Groenyng draue out of the Castle of Couerden and tooke Bartholmewe Eyents their Captaine prisoner who was afterward released So soone as the force of Monsire the Duke of Aniowe Bins taken by the Duke of Aniowe was gotten into the Countreis he besieged the Citie of Bins which beyng well battered with tenne Canons and sixe Serpentines rendred the 7. of October at the discretion of the saied Duke who pardonyng the Souldiers put his owne people in Garnison The first of October The death of Don Ihon. Don Ihon dyed of the Pestilence in his Campe whiche laie hard by Namure in whose steade came Alexandra the Prince of Parma vnto whom the whole Campe sware their obedience and fidelitie 1578. The 15. of October the yere aforesaid at Leeward in Friseland in the Church called Niewenhoue and in the Franciscanes Churche were all the Images broken in peeces whiche were afterwarde restored by the Letters of the Liutenaunt the Count Rennenberge The 17. of October 1578. the Magistrate of Arras The Magistrate of Arras clapt in prison was by some of the Citezens and with the helpe of Captaine Ambrose and his people taken and kept in the Toune house whiche came by reason of a certaine Rumour that was there sowen abroade that he had receiued certaine intelligeuce from the Enemy How beit the 21. of the saied Moneth the people deliuered hym and some others were clapt vp in prison parte of whiche were afterwarde executed and parte banished Now The originall of the MalcoÌ„tentes when the Gantois had driuen out all their Churche men and broken doune all the Images in their Churches because that Don Ihou and his Adherentes had broken the pacification of Gaunt certaine Wallon Ensignes vnder colour of their paye and the restoryng of Gaunt vnto the Romishe Religion she wed them selues Malcontentes willyng that the Ecclesiasticall persones should bee restored to the possession of their goodes and that the Prisoners which were kept in Gaunt from the 20. Montigni taketh Menin of October 1577. should bee released Wherevpon also thei tooke the Citie of Menin who after thei had therein fortefied them selues and their nomber encreased their Chieftaine the Lorde Montigni and thei together beganne to make open warre vpon Gaunt for the reasons aforesaied But Duke Casimere beyng sent for came with certaine Bandes of Boyters to the ayde of Gaunt without makyng the Estates priuie thereto The Almaines that were besieged in the Citie of Deuenter Deuenter besieged and rendred stoode to the defence thereof so long as was possible yea euen vnto the 20. of Nouember and vntill suche tyme as that Count Rennenberge Baron de Ville had three whole daies together lyen beatyng at it with the force of the Canon by whiche meane thei were constrained to render it vppon Composition as thei of Campen had doen before Maister Sainct Aldegonde and soone after hym certaine others were sent to Gaunt to decide the quarrell betweene them and the Wallons howbeit thei founde those matters growne to suche a poinct and the parties so well flesht as that men iudged it to bee most necessarie for the Prince to goe thether The Prince of Orenge goeth to Gaunt for the appaising of them who to that ende tooke his iorney the 24. of Nouember 1578. The first of December the yere aforesaid the Count Swertsenbergh the Emperour his Ambassador was sent againe to the Estates with the aduise of the Emperour and of the Electors about the last treatie of peace and therevpon demaunded an aunswere from the Estates with the whiche he was forthwith changed and all by reason of the great affection whiche he had about the suppressyng of this warre and the restoryng of this miserable lowe Countreis to vnitie and peace with the Prince of Parma The 21. The death of the Count Bossu of this Moneth the Lord Maximilian Count Bossu Captaine generall of the Campe for the Estates Lorde great Maister of his highnesse housholde and a Counsailour of the Estate dyed in Antwerpe of an hot buruyng Feuer to the greate sorrowe and griefe not onely of all the Souldiers but also of all the Lordes of the Countreis and people in generall The 25. of December Mousire the Duke of Aniowe The Duke of Aniowe returneth in to Fraunce defender of the libertie of the low Countreis sent by Maister

Dampmartin vnto the Estates what the cause was of his retournyng into Fraunce and of the forsakyng of the lowe Countreis and amongest other thynges he wrote vnto them of the louyng request of the Kyng his Brother by reason of an vprore that arose in Fraunce So that hereby some bodie had perswaded the people that his presence was an hinderaunce to the generall peace of the lowe Countreis and besides that he went about none other thyng but to make hym self Lord and Maister of all the Cities hereabout whiche his dealyng he forsooth would aswell as he could needes excuse saiyng that it was vtterly vntrue and his reason was because that at his departure he rendred vp all thinges into the handes of the Estates further offryng that wheresoeuer he became he would alwaies remaine their good frende and so takyng his leaue required that thei would in regarde hereof be myndfull of the greate charges he had beene at for the aidyng of them leauyng with the saied Estates Maister Pruneaux as his Ambassadour lydger The Estates greatly marueilyng The Estates sende thankes to the Duke of Antowe at this his so sudden and vnlooked for departure dispatched Seigmour Froymont and Gyles Martin a Doctor of the Ciuile Lawe and Secretarie of the Citie of Antwerpe towardes the saied Duke to declare vnto hym how greatly thei had weighed and considered of his departure beseechyng hym to take suche a course as that he might still remaine hereabout and acknowledgyng the benefites whiche thei had receiued by hym offered hym all their seruice with promise of suche satisfaction and contentation as was meete for one in so high a callyng Now the Prince of Orenge had so well and wisely handled his matters at the Citie of Gaunt as that the peace of the Religion was there proclaimed the 27. of December 1578. and with all certaine other Articles concernyng the Ceremonies of the Romishe Religion The 29. of Ianuary 1579. The Estates of Hollande and Sealande Vtright Gelderlande Friselande and the reste of the Prouinces wisely consideryng that the Enemie went about to dismember the Prouinces as hereafter you shall heare and that the Malcontentes were very foreward in the suppressyng of those of the reformed Religion fell to a conclusion of a farre better vnion at Vtright the tenure whereof hereafter ensueth Wee hauyng by wofull and lamentable experience founde out The vnion of Vtright that sithence the pacification of Gaunt by whiche all the Prouinces of the Lowe Countreis sufficienâ—ly bounde theim selues to aide one an other bothe with their bodies and goods for the driuyng out of these Countreis the Spanyardes and other Foreine nations with all their adherentes the Spanyardes with Don Ihon of Austriche and the reste of their Chieftaines and Captaines haue hunted and still by all meanes possible doe daiely hunte after the saied Prouinces aswell whollie as in parte for the bryngyng of them vnder their subiection tyrannicâ—ll gouernement and sclaucrie And bothe by armes and practizes to dismember thesaied Prouinces and make the vnioÌ„ whiche was made sithence thesaied Pacification of none effect to the vtter ruine and desolation of thesaied Countreis whiche wee in deede haue founde not long sithence by their perseueraunce in their said purposes through the soliciting of certaine Cities and places by their letters as the Countrey of Geldrelande and the surprisyng of others by Armes And therefore all thei of the Duchy of Geldrelande and of the Countrey of Zurphen and all thei of the Counties of Hollande and Sealande Vtright and the Countreis about Friselande beyng betweene the Riuer of Eems and Lauwers haue thought it bothe good and profitable to binde and vnite themselues together more nerely and particulerly not that thei meane to cutt them selues of from thesaied generall vnion that was made by the PacificatioÌ„ of Gaunt but to be thereby a greate deale the stronger and prouide against all inconueniences wherevnto thei might fall through the Stratagemes enterprises or force of the Enemie and vnderstande how and in what sorte the aforesaid Prouinces might behoue themselues in suche occurraunces and so defende themselues against the power of the Enemie And for the auoidyng of a further separation of the saied Prouinces and the particuler members of the same leauyng still the saied generall vnion and Pacification of Gaunt in full strength and vertue are accordyng thervnto by the Deputies of the said Prouinces fully by theirs respectiuely aucthorised to the same agreed and concluded vpon the poinctes and articles ensuyng not meanyng thereby whatsoeuer shall otherwise fall out to separate theim selues from the holy Romishe Empire 1 And first it is agreed and concluded vpon that thesaid Prouinces shall binde confederate and vnite them sclues together and by these prefentes doe binde coÌ„federate and vnite themselues for euer to holde together euery maner of waie as if thei were but one onely Prouince without also for euer to separate deuide or cut of theim selues one from an other either by will graunt alteration contracte treatie of peace or of mariage nor yet for any other occasion whatsoeuer that might happen and to vphold and maintaiue the Prluiledges Fraunchises Exemptions Lawes Statutes laudable and auncient Customes Vsances and whatsouer either especiall or particuler Rightes of euery Prouince particuler Cities and all the members and enhabitauutes of the same and none of theim to hurte and hinder one an other but rather aide and helpe one an other by all the meanes possible thei can yea if neede bee mainteine confirme strengthen garde and defende one an other bothe with their bodies and gooddes against all and euery persone and persones whether it bee man or woman whiche shall goe about in deede any waie to infringe theim Prouided alwaies that the controsies that are or hereafter maie be betwene some of the saied Prouinces members or Cities of this vnion as touching their perticuler and speciall Priuiledges Fraunchises Exemptions Lawes Statutes Laudabse and auncient Customes Vsances and other rightes shal be decided by the ordenarie course of law arbitrement or frendly agrement and none of the other Countreis and Prouinces Cities or members of any of them so loÌ„g as either partie is contented to submit hym self to the law once to haue to doe with them without it shal be their pleasures to go frendly betwene them for the makyng of a louyng and peaceable accorde 2 Item for the conformyng and accomplishyng of the saied vnion and confederacie the saied Prouinces shal be bound to aide one an other bothe with their bodies goodes and blood against all the force and violence that any waie maie be offred them vnder the colour and name of his Maiestie or in his behalfe whether it be by reason of the PacificatioÌ„ made at Gant or because thei tooke armes vpon them against Don Ihon of Austrich receiued Archduke Mathias for their gouernour and whatsoeuer dependeth or hath fallen or shall fall out thereon although it should be vnder colour onely of reestablishing restoring or

bringyng in again of the Catholick Romish Religion or of any innouations or alteratioÌ„s which haue happened in some of the said Prouinces Cities or members of the same sithence the yere 1558. either yet by reason of this present vuion and confederacie or suche like occasions and the case to be all a like in vsyng the saied forces and violences against one of the saied Prouinces Estates Cities or any one onely member of the same as if thei vsed them against all the rest in generall 3 And the Prouinces aforesaid shall in like maner be bound to assiste aide and defende one an other against all Lordes Dukes or Princes Countreis Prouinces Cities or the members of them who generally or particulerly would vse any force violence or wrong against them or yet make warre vpon them alwaies prouided that the generall assistaunce of this vnion shall vpon good vnderstandyng and knowledge and according to the necessitie of the cause bee decreed 4 And for the better assuraunce and sauftie of the saied Prouinces Cities and members of theim againste all power the frontier Cities and all the reste also in whatsoeuer Prouince thei are if it shall be so thought necessary shall by the aduise and appointment of these vnited Prouinces be fortesied and doubte strengthned at the costes and charges of those Cities and Prouinces wherein thei are scituate and therein bee generally assisted of the one moitie Saufe that it shal be lawfull for the saied Prouinces if thei thinke it good and profitable to plant certain newe fortes and Fortresses or if any be there already to chauÌ„ge or pull them doune and the necessarie charges of the same to be borne by all the Prouinces in generall 5 And for prouidyng of the necessarie charges in the cases aforesaied for the defense of the saied Prouinces it is agreed vppon that there shal be continually in a readinesse for the commoÌ„ defense of the saied Prouinces certaine impositions imposed and commonly at the fardest from three monethes to three monethes or at some other fit tymes to be gathered throughout all the vnited Prouinces Cities and members of the same vpon all kindes of Wines Beare Brued either within or without them grindyng of all kinde of Corne Salt Clothe of Gold and Siluer Silkes and Woolle Oxen and Kine Corne grounde all kinde of fleshe meate that is kilde Horses Oxen solde or chopped and chaunged all thinges sold by waight and all other thinges els that maie hereafter be found by common aduise and coÌ„sent to bee good and accordyng to the ordenaunce whiche shall hereon be deuised and made and shall employe the reuenues of his Maiesties Demeines the charges of the same beeyng deducted to that vse 6 Whiche impositions shall by a common aduise bee raised and abased as in that behalfe and in those cases shall bee thought needefull and bee onely employed for the common defence and so farre forthe as thei in generall shall therein be bouÌ„d to beare and yet not so fully and wholly to bee emploied thereon as that the saied impositions maie not be conuerted to some other necessarie vses 7 That thesaid Frontier Cities and all the reste also if neede be shall at all times be bounde to receiue into them suche a garrison as the saied vnited Prouinces shall thinke good of and besides if any Gouernour of the Prouinces shall by his owne aduise appoinct any Garrison to be thrust in into any of them thei shall in no wise refuse the same Prouided alwaies that the saied vnited Prouinces shall paie the saied Garrisons their wages And that all Captaines and Souldiers ouer and besides their generall othe shal be particulerly sworne to the Citie or Cities and Prouinces wherein thei shal be placed and this poinct also for this ende and purpose shal be put in emonges the rest of their Articles That suche order discipline shal be kept emongst the Souldiers as that the Citizens and Enhabitauntes of the Cities and Countrey aswell Ecclesiasticall as Temporall shall not hereby bee vexed nor iniuried neither shall the saied Garrisons bee any more exempt from the Assises and Impostes then the Citezens and Enhabitauntes of the place where thei shal be placed and besides there shall in generall be giuen vnto thesaid Citizens and Enhabitauntes money for the Souldiers lodginges euen as it hath vnto this present been vsed throughout all Hollande 8 And for the more assured aidyng and mainteinaunce of the Countreis at all tyme and tymes all the Enhabitauntes of euery of these Prouinces Cities and vplande Countreis thus vnited beeyng betweene 18. and 60. yeres of age shall within one moneth at the fardest after the date of these presentes be enrowled and mustered to the ende that the nomber of the polles beeyng knowne there might be some further order taken after the first assemble of these confederates as shall seeme moste meete for their better defence and sauetic of these vnited Prouinces 9 Neither shall there be any agreement of trewes or peace no nor yet any Warre taken in hande nor any impositions or contributions imposed touchyng this generall League but by the common aduise and consent of the saied Prouinces Neuerthelesse as concernyng the gouernement of this confederacie in other thynges and whiche maie fall out and ensue thereon euery man shall liue and be gouerned accordyngly as shall be aduised and concluded vpon by the greater nomber of the voyces of the Prouinces comprised within this League whiche shal be gathered together euen as it hath been wonted generally to be vsed of the Estates vnto this daie that by waie of tolleration vntill suche tyme as by the common aduise of these confederates there bee other prouision therein made Saufe that if it so fall out that the Prouinces in matters of trewes peace warre or contributioÌ„ can not agree together the controuersie shal by way of tolleration be referred and set ouer vnto the Lordes Lieutenauntes of the saied Prouinces beyng at this present vnited together who shall deale indifferently about the controuersie betweene the saied parties or els pronounce therein accordyngly as thei shall finde appertaine to the equitie of the cause Prouided alwaies that if the Lordes Lieutenauntes can not herein make them agree that then thei shall take and ioyne vnto them suche indifferent Assistauntes as thei shall thinke good and the parties shall be bounde to stande to suche order as shall be by the saied Lordes Lieutenauntes accordyngly sett doune in maner and forme as before hath been saied 10 That none of the saied Prouinces Cities or any of their Members shall make any Confederacie or League with any Potentates or their nere Neighbours without the consent of the rest of the vnited and confedered Prouinces 11 It is agreed and accorded that if any Prouinces Potentates Countreis or Cities nere adioyning will vnite themselues with the saied Prouinces and yeeld vnto this confederacie that thei shall bee receiued into it by the aduise and consent of these Prouinces 12 That the saied

Horsemen vnder the charge of Hans Storiff of Enbricke wherevpon he caused his Army to marche towardes the Citie of Oldenzeel whiche Citie not meanyng to tarrie the siege rendred to the saied Count of Rennenbergue the 24. of September When thei of Steenwike heard of this thei receiued in a Garnison and Souldiers for their defence against the Enemie and so fortefied their Citie and Rampars still lookyng for the Army of the Euemie who planted his siege before the same the 18. of October about noone with 20. The Siege before Steenwyke companies of Almaines and others and 1500. Horse Wherupon that Euenyng two of the Gates of the Citie the one named the Giest Gate and the other Onniger Gate were with Earth and Trees fast rampard vp against the force of the Artillary of the Enemy The self same daie the Souldiers of the Toune sallied twise out to skirmish with the Enemie and so also did thei the 19. daie ensuyng and caried home with them fower Prisoners Towardes the Euenyng the Enemie passed the Riuer of Ae with eleuen companies of Friselanders and entrenched about the Chappell Steendicq The 20. daie there issued out of the Citie certaine Souldiers at the Wood Gate and had wonne and defaced the little Trench about the Chappell cariyng home the butin with them whiche Trench the night followyng was made vp againe The same daie in the Afternoone thei againe sallied out at the East Gate and after thei had skirmished with the Enemie thei caried backe with them three Prisoners and two Horses The 23. of October in the night the Enemy marched towardes the Kuynder to the ende thei might light vpon the two companies of Ihon de Eschede and Roeloff de Laughen whiche thyng thei performed For the next daie ensuyng as thei returned to the Campe thei trailed at an Horse taile iust before the Toune one of their Ensignes The 25. daie there was a braue skirmishe where the Enemie receiued a notable losse bothe of Souldiers and Horses and our men returned to the Citie without any losse cariyng with them two Prisoners and three Horses The 28. daie of the saied Moneth the Count George de Lalayng as Gouernor for his Maiestie in Friseland sent a Trumpet to sommon the Citie for the yeeldyng thereof whom Captaine Conrade aunswered that he kept the Citie for his Maiestie the Estates and the Prince of Orenge and would defende it against whom soeuer came Commaundyng the Tumpett to bee packyng without thei loued to be hausled with a Cannon shott The Count of Rennenbergue beyug stirred with this aunswere caused three peeces of greate Ordenaunce to be planted whiche he had that daie receiued and that euenyng discharged against the Citie three of the same Cannot shott This daie at the instaunce of certaine good honest Citezins was an ordenaunce made and a price sett vppon Victualles in maner and forme followyng whiche was proclaimed and afterterwarde set vp vpon one of the postes of the Toune house And first it was ordeined that no man should Brewe nor sell any Beare aboue halfe a Patart the pot of Steenwike measure A pounde of Larde was priced at three Sous A pounde of Butter fower Sous A pounde of Creame Cheese two Sous A pounde of course Cheese one Sous and one Lyard A Stockfishe two Sous sauyng a Lyard Twelue pounde of waightie Rye bread sixe Sous A measure of Eastland Graines eighteene Sous A measure of Countrey Graines sixteene Sous A measure of Barley fifteene Sous A measure of Buckweyt foreteene Sous A Bushell of Salte twelue Sous A pot of Beare called Iupenbere seuen Sous A pot of Rennishe Wine nine Sous A pot of Frenche Wine fiue Sous Whiche was proclaimed and commaunded to bee straightly obserued by the Enhabitauntes of the Citie The 29. of October were sixe greate peeces of Ordenaunce moe brought to the Campe of the Enemie and planted to batter the Citie withall whiche was in deede doen the next daie followyng so that thereby thei had no vse of the twoo Milles of the Citie The same daie the Citie understoode by Captaine Herman Olthoff his man that the Enemie meant to giue them a liuely assault The Citezens make them selues ready for the assault and therefore euery man prepared hymself to giue them an hot repulse and to that ende thei brought al the brewyng Vesselles in the Citie to the Rampars which thei had filled with hot skaldyng water and Lime for the washyng of the heades and bodies of the Enemie Thei prepared also all kindes of necessary Armour and Weapon to defende themselues against the force of the Enemie in so muche that the Souldiers and all the Citezens were fully determined to receiue and withstande the assault of the Enemie who in steade of assaulting the Citie cast vp his trenches from Giest Gate euen vnto Onniger Gate The first of Nouember a Messenger was sent to the Estates to aduertise them of the estate of the Citie And about 10. of the Clocke in the night there issued 26. valiaunt Souldiers vnder the conduct of Ihon Vorberg Captaine Cornput his Lieutenaunt who charged the very body of the Watche whiche laie betweene Giest Gate and Onniger Gate and there so pretely well cooled the courages of 24. men of the saied Watche as that 20. of them were leaft dead in the place and three caried awaie prisoners and one of them whiche would not goe was hurt vnto death and left without the Citie where he died that night but he that was in the watch saued himself with a light paire of heeles The 2. of the saied Moneth in the night the Enemie cast vp the Trenche betweene the foresaied Gates as if he would haue made there some Mount and therefore thei likewise within began to make an other Mount about Giest Gate and then were the Captaines quartered for the defending of the Rampars The same daie also were twoo deepe ditches made at Giest Gate because thei feared that the Enemie would vndermine the Citie The 3. daie at night issued certaine Souldiers and suddenly fell vpon the Pyoners certaine Countrie men and Souldiers whereof many were slaine and afterwarde thei retiered to the Citie with their butin The 7. Daie thei sallied out at the East Gate and brought awaie two Souldiers and a Victualler Prisoners leauyng behinde them vpon the waie many hurte men which would not goe with them Thei caried also awaie with them in despight of the Enemie fiue Kyne and a Souldiers wife The same daie in the afternoone there was the like sallie whereat was a liuely skirmishe so that by reason of the retraict of Captaine Oltholffe his Ensigne bearer and of Captaine Herman Olthoffe they were bothe hurt The Ensigne bearer also of Captaine Cornput standyng vpon the Citie Rampere was with a Cannon shot slaine in the place The 9. daie the Messenger returned with Letters from the Prince and the Estates to the Citie promising to ayde the Citie and raise the Campe of the

Enemie And againe the night followyng came in two Citezens saiyng that the ayd was commyng on whiche should helpe the Citie The 11. daie the Horsemen of the Enemie trouped on from Onnen by Westwyke towardes the Wood who were brauely hausled with greate Ordenaunce from the Toune to the greate losse of their people The 12. of the saied Moneth there was a sallie and a Skirmishe made to the hurte of the Enemie in whiche one Willyam Dorth Captaine Olthoffe his Sergeaunt was hurt to death and dyed the next morrow On which daie in the Sermon while there came to the Gate a man at Armes on Horseback very wel armed who was receiued into the Toune But when the Souldiers sawe that he was none of the wisest or rather a counterfeit thei thrust him out of the Gates after the Sermons were ended and slue him with Harquebouze shot keeping behinde with them his Horse and Armour The 16. and 17. daie the Enimie battered the Toune and thesame Euenyng in token thei had obtained a victorie of Hegemans people the Enemie trailed an Ensigne at his horse taile and made Bonefiers rounde about the Citie as though thei would haue assaulted it with fiers The 18. The fire taketh holde in Steenwyke daie the Enemie shotte fier into many places of the Citie in so muche that at one tyme the Citie was all on a light fier by reason whereof there were 70. houses burnt By this fier was muche victuall and other Munitions burnte to the greate losse of the enhabitauntes Diuerse houses in Onnigerstreate through the greate diligence of the Citezens were saued and so had there been also in many other places if the souldiers had not garded the Rampares because the Enemie costed all alongest one side of the Citie with Ensigne displaied as though he would haue giuen the assault whiche he might easily hatte doen by reason that in many places the Diches were hard frosen vp The Enemy sommoneth the Citie Thesame daie about the Euenyng the Enemie sent twoo Trompetts to sommon the Citie in his Maiesties name and to yeeld it self vnto the Prince of Parma as Captaine Generall and to the Count of Rennenberg as Lieutenaunt and gouernour of Friselande and so thei should depart with bagge and baggage Whom Captaine Frauncis Platte in the name of all the reste of the Captaines answered That thei kepte the Citie in the behalfe of his Maiestie of Archduke Matthias of Austriche as Captaine Generall of the Prince of Orenge his Lieutenaunt and of the Estates And that thei had none other thyng for the Count of Rennenberg to commaunde but Bullettes and pouder and therefore wished theim quietly departe without thei liked to be saluted with Cannon shotte Thesame night a messenger was dispatched towardes Campen to declare vnto them what losse thei had receiued by fier The 19. daie the Enemie moste diligently went aboute to shoote fire again into the Citie but it was to no purpose This night there came a messenger into the Citie who saied that he had cast awaie his letters whiche he had of the Estates because he feared as he saied thei carried no good newes with theim and within one houre after there came in the taile of hym three other Citezens agreyng all with one voice that there was no aide in the whole worlde ready for thei saied that the people of the Hegemans was discomfited and the Scluse and Bloczeell forsaken wherevpon the nexte daie followyng ensued greate trouble and dissention For A diuision in Steenwyke many of the Papisticall Citezens and others cried out and saied that it was reason a Oromme should bee sent to the Enemie and the Citie to bee rendred vp Howbeit there were certaine Souldiers and all the reformed citezens whiche would none of that who bothe with faire speeches also with threatnyng wordes said that thei would rather kill one an other then thei would so yeld vnto the Enemie consideryng that thei had no want of victualles In so muche that many honest and constant Citezens did weare that daie bothe Armour and weapon vnder their cloakes Some others greeuously accused the Prince and the Estates because thei had not holpen certaine Cities whiche had been besieged as Dopslach Delffziell CouerdeÌ„ Maestright Harlem and Ziericzea could largely witnesse neuerthelesse the reste stoode stoutly to their trckle so that in the ende the trouble and sedition was suppressed And sone after there came a Dromme to the gate bringing letters from captaine Gedeon Pameren praiyng that he might haue his souldiers deliuered for other prisoners or els for a monethes wages whiche was graunted hym In the euenyng the Enemie very diligently sought to shoote more Fire into the Toune but it was to no purpose This night came in the faithfull and vertuous seruaunt of the Countrie Matthias Kies bringyng with hym good newes saiyng that the Estates were makyng of the moste diligent preparation that was possible to aide the Citie Some hope of ayde as also it appeared by the letters of the Estates whiche refreshed again the hartes of al the white liuered knightes of the Toune and this night Herman Henricx and George Waterwike with one of Hans Vrancquebourg Souldiers were sent out of the Citie The 21. of Nouember there issued aboute the daie breake out of the Easte gate 70. shotte who laie hidd in a secret place vntill some of Westwike Campe came that waie And then with the aide of the horsemen of the Citie thei sette vpon theim and caried awaie with theim 11. horses with a Charrette and Chariot and a victualler slayng suche as would not goe with them This victualler had about him in gold to the worth of 20. Florins and when he was examined he saied that he thought in his opion that the Enemie meant to plant the greate Ordenaunce in Eastwike and batter the Citie on that side or els cast fier into it for the doyng of it the more mischiefe but it proued nothyng The 22. the Enemie sent a Dromme for certaine prisoners whiche thyng the Captaine of the Toune denied hym for that daie because he vnderstoode not of the sedition that had been in the Citie by reason of the ill newes and former fier The droÌ„me saied that the Counte by reason of this refusall would hang all those prisoners whiche were ours and that thei should heare of other newes shortly but he was answered againe that if thei so did thei would in like maner deale with the prisoners whiche thei had of theirs The 23. daie the Enemie beganne to caste vp a mightie and strong Trenche from Eastwike aboute the winde Milne hill and towardes euenyng he brought thether three companies of Souldiers But as the horsemen trouped on the side of the Citie some of them were slaine with Musket shotte and thesame daie thei beganne to fill vp the East gate with yearth and ramforce the Rampares and Vauntmures betwixte the saied gate and Onniger gate In the Euenyng the Enemie made a false Alarme and

Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Text snippets containing the quad