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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
city_n pound_n shilling_n sum_n 29,780 5 12.5631 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A62307 The stile of exchanges containing both their law & custom as practised now in the most considerable places of exchange in Europe ... / translated out of Low & High Dutch, French and Italian-Latine authors ... by John Scarlett, Merchant of the Eastland Company. Scarlett, John, Merchant of the Eastland Company. 1682 (1682) Wing S827; ESTC R10278 153,480 394

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vi_o in_o the_o case_n of_o exchange_n there_o shall_v lie_v no_o appeal_n from_o one_o court_n to_o another_o from_o a_o inferior_a to_o a_o superior_a unless_o the_o creditor_n be_v put_v in_o possession_n of_o his_o demand_n first_o or_o at_o least_o that_o it_o be_v secure_v to_o he_o vii_o nor_o can_v the_o judge_n be_v guilty_a of_o any_o praecipitancy_n in_o this_o case_n for_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v a_o bond_n and_o judgement_n as_o good_a as_o a_o hypotheca_fw-la and_o be_v already_o res_fw-la judicata_fw-la the_o execution_n can_v be_v suspend_v viii_o for_o the_o recognizance_n of_o bill_n draw_v by_o another_o in_o another_o place_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o fetch_v witness_n from_o other_o place_n that_o can_v swear_v they_o see_v he_o write_v they_o it_o be_v enough_o that_o by_o compare_v of_o the_o hand-writing_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o bill_n be_v of_o the_o drawer_n writing_n ix_o bill_n of_o exchange_n can_v must_v not_o by_o any_o authority_n whatever_o be_v arrest_v or_o detain_v because_o they_o be_v introduce_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n i._n e._n foreign_a bill_n x._o in_o case_n of_o exchange_n the_o custom_n of_o place_n and_o their_o municipal_a law_n concern_v the_o circumstance_n thereof_o must_v be_v observe_v as_o concern_v the_o time_n of_o payment_n of_o protest_v etc._n etc._n more_o than_o the_o common_a law_n xi_o if_o any_o subscribe_v a_o tertia_fw-la bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o security_n for_o the_o drawer_n he_o be_v as_o liable_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n if_o the_o drawer_n fail_v as_o if_o he_o be_v the_o drawer_n himself_o nor_o need_v the_o remitter_n first_o excuse_v the_o drawer_n xii_o a_o execution_n of_o payment_n or_o resconter_v if_o a_o liquidate_a debt_n otherwise_o not_o may_v be_v oppose_v to_o hinder_v the_o present_a execution_n upon_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o also_o a_o exception_n of_o prescription_n deli_fw-la male_a or_o that_o the_o bill_n be_v not_o of_o the_o drawer_n writing_n nor_o subscribe_v by_o he_o but_o a_o counterfeit_n xiii_o if_o there_o be_v one_o or_o more_o drawer_n if_o all_o have_v subscribe_v all_o the_o bill_n or_o but_o one_o of_o they_o they_o be_v all_o liable_a to_o answer_v in_o case_n of_o protest_v fourteen_o if_o any_o one_o concern_v in_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v not_o do_v their_o duty_n and_o what_o the_o courtifie_v and_o custom_n of_o merchant_n oblige_v they_o to_o they_o themselves_o be_v liable_a to_o make_v good_a all_o the_o loss_n and_o damage_n that_o may_v happen_v thereby_o xv._o by_o parata_fw-la executie_n be_v mean_v attachment_n upon_o their_o good_n or_o arrest_n upon_o their_o person_n or_o both_o for_o here_o the_o rule_n and_o maxim_n of_o law_n have_v no_o place_n qui_fw-la non_fw-la habit_n in_o aere_fw-la luat_fw-la in_o corpore_fw-la i._n e._n that_o the_o do_v of_o one_o shall_v exclude_v the_o other_o etc._n etc._n xvi_o not_o only_o common_a reason_n and_o the_o general_a custom_n of_o exchange_n allow_v this_o paratam_fw-la executionem_fw-la in_o case_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n but_o also_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o place_n of_o exchange_n xvii_o this_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v of_o virtue_n and_o power_n against_o all_o that_o be_v name_v in_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v negligent_a of_o their_o duty_n or_o any_o way_n faulty_a but_o though_o a_o three_o or_o four_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o bill_n if_o their_o name_n be_v not_o in_o the_o bill_n this_o law_n can_v reach_v they_o xviii_o if_o any_o by_o this_o ready_a execution_n do_v suffer_v wrongful_o they_o have_v their_o regress_n against_o the_o actor_n in_o a_o ordinary_a way_n only_o and_o may_v recover_v damage_n chap._n xlv_o of_o the_o par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n to_o conclude_v this_o work_n it_o will_v not_o be_v superfluous_a to_o give_v a_o transient_a view_n of_o the_o par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n and_o that_o i_o may_v be_v compendious_a in_o this_o i_o shall_v omit_v the_o unnecessary_a discourse_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o parson_n as_o also_o direction_n for_o the_o calculation_n thereof_o refer_v those_o that_o be_v desirous_a of_o information_n herein_o to_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n in_o english_a and_o to_o the_o book_n entitle_v vnderricht_v der_fw-mi wissel-handlung_a in_o holland_n and_o high-dutch_a and_o i_o shall_v only_o here_o observe_v what_o be_v the_o repute_a par_n according_a to_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n or_o as_o be_v general_o receive_v among_o merchant_n but_o before_o this_o be_v do_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o premise_v in_o what_o denomination_n every_o country_n and_o city_n do_v keep_v their_o account_n and_o make_v their_o exchange_n which_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o this_o follow_a method_n london_n all_o foreign_a exchange_n make_v for_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v make_v at_o london_n and_o account_n be_v keep_v there_o in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n 20_o s._n make_v a_o pound_n and_o 12_o d._n a_o shilling_n as_o be_v very_o will_v know_v and_o so_o general_o which_o i_o will_v have_v note_v once_o nb._n nb._n for_o all_o where_o any_o country_n or_o city_n hereafter_o specify_v be_v say_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n or_o in_o liver_n soul_n and_o denier_n as_o they_o call_v they_o that_o they_o be_v always_o divide_v or_o multiply_v by_o 12_o &_o 20_o so_o that_o 20_o shilling_n or_o sou_n make_v a_o liver_n or_o pound_n and_o 12_o penny_n or_o denier_n make_v their_o sou_n or_o shilling_n london_n then_o exchange_n with_o italy_n as_o with_o venice_n where_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o ducat_n and_o gross_v 24_o gross_v make_v a_o ducat_n the_o ducat_n be_v 6⅓_n liver_n or_o pound_n under_o which_o denomination_n some_o merchant_n in_o venice_n do_v also_o keep_v their_o account_n but_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n be_v always_o make_v upon_o the_o ducat_n and_o gross_v the_o ducat_n be_v twofold_a either_o de_fw-fr ovo_fw-la or_o banco_n which_o be_v par_fw-fr with_o 52_o d._n sterling_n or_o the_o coranto_n which_o be_v par_fw-fr with_o 40_o d._n sterling_n in_o which_o break_a number_n london_n always_o exchange_n with_o italy_n give_v they_o the_o penny_n for_o their_o ducat_n or_o crown_n etc._n etc._n the_o course_n of_o exchange_n for_o venice_n from_o london_n be_v general_o 50_o do_v to_o 51_o d._n sterling_n in_o circa_fw-la for_o their_o ducat_n in_o banco_n bergoma_fw-mi the_o same_o with_o venice_n whither_o england_n have_v little_a exchange_n direct_o florence_n where_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n de_fw-mi ovo_fw-la but_o they_o exchange_v upon_o the_o crown_n de_fw-fr ovo_fw-la which_o be_v value_v at_o 7._o of_o their_o pound_n and_o their_o crown_n currant_n at_o l._n 7._o and_o their_o pound_n or_o liver_n may_v be_v par_fw-fr with_o 9_o d._n sterling_n their_o crown_n currant_n par_fw-fr with_o 63_o d._n their_o crown_n banco_n or_o de_fw-fr ovo_fw-la with_o 67½_n d._n sterling_n there_o be_v seldom_o any_o direct_a course_n of_o exchange_n from_o london_n thither_o but_o to_o leghorne_n there_o be_v a_o course_n of_o exchange_n at_o 53_o d._n sterling_n in_o circa_fw-la for_o their_o crown_n de_fw-fr ovo_fw-la be_v of_o the_o same_o value_n with_o that_o of_o florence_n luica_fw-la the_o same_o with_o florence_n and_o leghorne_n rome_n placentia_n bologna_n keep_v account_n in_o crown_n shilling_n and_o penny_n de_fw-mi ovo_fw-la one_o crown_n make_v 20_o shilling_n 12_o penny_n make_v 1_o shilling_n the_o crown_n de_fw-fr estampi_fw-la of_o rome_n the_o crown_n de_fw-fr marchi_n of_o placentia_n be_v of_o one_o value_v 7_o s._n 6_o d._n or_o 90_o d._n sterling_n the_o crown_n de_fw-fr estampi_n be_v worth_a 12_o juliers_n the_o crown_n currant_n worth_a 10_o juliers_n the_o juliers_n be_v 10_o bayocchijs_fw-la england_n have_v no_o direct_a course_n of_o exchange_n to_o any_o of_o these_o place_n or_o very_o seldom_o naples_n barry_n lechie_n keep_v account_n in_o ducat_n tarry_v and_o grani_fw-la and_o exchange_n thereupon_o only_o they_o make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o currant_n and_o bank_n ducat_n the_o one_o be_v call_v moneta_n de_fw-fr ovo_fw-la the_o other_o moneta_n coranto_n one_o ducat_n be_v 5_o tarry_v the_o par_fw-fr with_o london_n be_v 60_o d._n or_o 5_o s._n sterling_n for_o one_o ducat_n one_o tarry_v be_v 20_o grani_fw-la the_o tarry_v be_v 1_o s._n sterling_n in_o value_n one_o crown_v de_fw-fr ovo_fw-la be_v 6½_n tarry_v or_o 6_o s._n 6_o d._n or_o 78_o d._n sterling_n one_o crown_n currant_n be_v 5●_n tarry_v or_o 5_o s._n 6_o d._n or_o 66_o d._n sterling_n one_o ducat_n exchange-monye_n be_v 6_o tarry_v or_o 6_o s._n or_o 72_o d._n sterling_n one_o ducat_n currant_n be_v as_o before_z 5_o tarry_v etc._n etc._n england_n have_v no_o direct_a course_n of_o
petty_a exchange_n the_o latter_a real_a vi_o the_o exchange_v of_o one_o sort_n or_o species_n for_o another_o be_v also_o twofold_a either_o with_o or_o without_o profit_n vii_o when_o it_o be_v do_v without_o profit_n it_o can_v be_v call_v a_o trade_n but_o be_v do_v mere_o out_o of_o friendship_n and_o as_o a_o courtesy_n and_o then_o there_o be_v a_o equal_a and_o just_a valuation_n of_o both_o the_o sort_n of_o coin_n according_a to_o their_o alloy_n or_o their_o price_n currant_n or_o intrinsic_a and_o extrinsic_a value_n viii_o but_o if_o profit_n by_o the_o exchange_n be_v design_v by_o either_o party_n than_o one_o party_n allow_v the_o other_o a_o certain_a profit_n upon_o the_o certain_a species_n he_o desire_v and_o that_o profit_n be_v call_v by_o the_o italian_n aggio_n by_o the_o dutch_a opgelt_n which_o we_o may_v call_v advance_v or_o vse-monye_n ix_o but_o then_o this_o last_o kind_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v do_v for_o advance_v or_o aggio_n be_v no_o free_a and_o lawful_a trade_n save_v to_o those_o only_a that_o be_v permit_v by_o authority_n to_o use_v it_o who_o be_v also_o oblige_v to_o observe_v certain_a rule_n and_o method_n in_o the_o use_n thereof_o such_o be_v broger_n banker_n etc._n etc._n x._o and_o to_o prevent_v all_o confusion_n and_o the_o too_o great_a advance_n of_o any_o particular_a speices_o of_o money_n the_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n hamburge_n etc._n etc._n have_v erect_v a_o bank_n for_o the_o regulation_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o true_a intrinsic_a value_n of_o every_o species_n xi_o exchange_n that_o be_v do_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n consist_v in_o a_o contract_n and_o agreement_n betwixt_o two_o party_n whereby_o the_o one_o party_n give_v his_o bill_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o certain_a precise_a sum_n of_o money_n at_o a_o certain_a and_o limit_v time_n in_o a_o certain_a and_o limit_v place_n for_o the_o value_n of_o the_o same_o sum_n already_o receive_v or_o present_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o other_o party_n this_o be_v call_v by_o marius_n real_a exchange_n xii_o exchange_n may_v again_o be_v subdivide_v viz._n into_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o usurer_n exchange_n xiii_o merchant_n exchange_n consist_v in_o a_o trade_n in_o or_o with_o money_n from_o one_o place_n city_n or_o nation_n to_o another_o upon_o a_o uncertain_a profit_n and_o this_o sort_n of_o trade_n be_v by_o way_n of_o excellency_n term_v simple_a exchange_n fourteen_o usurer_n exchange_n consist_v in_o a_o give_a money_n upon_o interest_n with_o condition_n to_o receive_v the_o same_o sum_n of_o money_n with_o a_o certain_a profit_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o this_o be_v call_v by_o marius_n dry_v exchange_n xv._o merchant_n exchange_n be_v either_o actual_a and_o that_o which_o be_v real_o perform_v and_o accomplish_v or_o only_o pro_fw-la formâ_fw-la xvi_o the_o real_a merchant_n exchange_n consist_v in_o a_o real_a and_o effectual_a contract_n and_o negotiation_n betwixt_o the_o drawer_n &_o the_o remitter_n concern_v the_o course_n of_o exchange_n and_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o payment_n xvii_o but_o that_o exchange_n that_o be_v only_o pro_fw-la formâ_fw-la consist_v only_o in_o a_o consent_n that_o the_o name_n of_o a_o certain_a person_n be_v use_v as_o the_o remitter_n that_o the_o bill_n may_v want_v nothing_o of_o its_o formality_n without_o any_o real_a contract_n or_o negotiation_n xviii_o again_o this_o real_a exchange_n be_v twofold_a either_o certain_a or_o conditional_a xix_o real_a certain_a exchange_n be_v when_o the_o sum_n express_v in_o the_o bill_n must_v real_o and_o certain_o be_v pay_v xx._n but_o conditional_a exchange_n be_v when_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o sum_n name_v in_o the_o bill_n must_v first_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o some_o ship_n or_o of_o some_o certain_a good_n or_o upon_o some_o other_o condition_n xxi_o to_o the_o complete_n of_o a_o exchange-negotiation_n four_o person_n be_v consider_v and_o require_v two_o at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o course_n place_n time_n of_o payment_n and_o the_o sum_n be_v agree_v on_o to_o wit_v the_o drawer_n and_o the_o remitter_n and_o at_o the_o place_n of_o payment_n be_v also_o two_o to_o wit_n the_o person_n on_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v who_o must_v pay_v and_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v remit_v who_o must_v receive_v xxii_o exchange_n be_v again_o subdivide_v into_o negotiate_v and_o discount_v exchange_n or_o rescontre_v exchange_n xxiii_o negotiate_v be_v when_o the_o drawer_n and_o the_o remitter_n be_v two_o distinct_a person_n betwixt_o who_o there_o have_v be_v a_o actual_a contract_n and_o agreement_n concern_v the_o course_n etc._n etc._n xxiv_o discount_v exchange_n be_v when_o the_o drawer_n and_o the_o remitter_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n draw_v and_o remit_v xxv_o negotiate_v exchange_n be_v again_o twofold_a either_o pure_a or_o mixt._n xxvi_o a_o pure_a negotiate_v exchange_n be_v when_o real_o money_n be_v give_v for_o money_n to_o be_v receive_v according_a to_o the_o contract_n betwixt_o the_o drawer_n and_o the_o remitter_n whereby_o the_o drawer_n oblige_v himself_o to_o pay_v the_o value_n he_o have_v receive_v of_o the_o remitter_n according_a to_o the_o course_n in_o another_o place_n at_o a_o certain_a precise_a time_n xxvii_o mix_v exchange_n consist_v in_o a_o contract_n betwixt_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n oblige_v himself_o to_o the_o true_a payment_n of_o the_o money_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_n xxviii_o again_o all_o exchange_n be_v either_o for_o a_o man_n be_v own_o or_o for_o some_o principal_n be_v account_n or_o in_o the_o name_n of_o another_o xxix_o when_o it_o be_v for_o proper_a account_n it_o concern_v the_o person_n that_o be_v either_o drawer_n or_o remitter_n xxx_o when_o it_o be_v for_o the_o principal_n account_v the_o factor_n treat_v and_o conclude_v in_o his_o own_o name_n but_o the_o sum_n etc._n etc._n be_v for_o the_o principal_n account_v xxxi_o and_o it_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o another_o when_o it_o be_v do_v only_o by_o the_o full_a power_n and_o letter_n of_o attorney_n of_o another_o xxxii_o and_o last_o exchange_n be_v either_o direct_o to_o a_o certain_a place_n or_o indirect_o and_o be_v send_v to_o some_o other_o place_n first_o to_o be_v negotiate_v chap._n ii_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o mackeler_n or_o exchange-brogers_a rule_n i._o exchange_n be_v conclude_v either_o by_o the_o mackeler_n or_o broger_n alone_o betwixt_o themselves_o or_o by_o bring_v the_o party_n face_n to_o face_n ii_o broger_n etc._n etc._n be_v person_n swear_v and_o authorize_v by_o the_o magistrate_n who_o work_n and_o trade_n it_o be_v to_o inquire_v of_o person_n that_o have_v any_o money_n to_o remit_v or_o to_o draw_v and_o to_o argree_v such_o person_n concern_v the_o condition_n act_v impartial_o between_o they_o both_o iii_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o be_v diligent_a faithful_a and_o private_a and_o not_o to_o cheat_v or_o overreach_a either_o the_o drawer_n or_o the_o remitter_n in_o any_o wise_a iv_o he_o must_v be_v content_a with_o that_o reward_n for_o his_o pain_n and_o labour_n that_o the_o magistrate_n have_v allow_v he_o which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o the_o hollander_n courtagie_n he_o must_v not_o exact_v more_o of_o one_o than_o another_o nor_o serve_v any_o man_n for_o nothing_o v._o those_o covetous_a exchanger_n that_o will_v save_v the_o courtagie_n by_o conclude_v their_o own_o exchange_n face_n to_o face_n without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o broger_n on_o that_o use_n to_o deduct_v from_o their_o allowance_n or_o that_o will_v use_v ignoramus_n because_o they_o will_v serve_v for_o less_o than_o the_o allowance_n or_o may_v be_v for_o nothing_o at_o all_o do_v sometime_o in_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n pay_v the_o courtagie_a double_a and_o tribble_v vi_o a_o broger_n must_v be_v very_o diligent_a and_o prudent_a and_o must_v first_o of_o all_o know_v of_o the_o drawer_n and_o remitter_n to_o what_o certain_a place_n they_o will_v exchange_n and_o if_o it_o be_v to_o such_o a_o place_n where_o there_o be_v always_o a_o certain_a usance_n observe_v in_o the_o payment_n of_o bill_n than_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o treat_v of_o the_o course_n or_o price_n of_o exchange_n but_o in_o case_n they_o will_v exchange_v to_o place_n where_o no_o certain_a usance_n be_v keep_v but_o the_o bill_n must_v be_v make_v at_o short_a or_o long_a date_n or_o sight_n etc._n etc._n then_o he_o must_v be_v express_a and_o certain_a as_o to_o the_o precise_a time_n of_o payment_n and_o other_o necessary_a condition_n vii_o when_o the_o mackeler_n or_o broger_n have_v conclude_v with_o any_o then_o must_v he_o tell_v the_o drawer_n to_o who_o he_o will_v have_v his_o bill_n
instant_o either_o himself_o or_o by_o some_o other_o endorse_a before_o he_o or_o for_o he_o and_o if_o he_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v it_o himself_o he_o be_v not_o then_o to_o demand_v provision_n or_o charge_n of_o the_o other_o endorser_n or_o drawer_n in_o the_o same_o place_n more_o than_o he_o himself_o have_v actual_o pay_v x._o the_o remitter_n or_o possessor_n of_o a_o bill_n protest_v for_o nonpayment_n be_v not_o oblige_v necessary_o to_o compel_v the_o drawer_n or_o endorse_o of_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o restitution_n if_o he_o have_v rather_o seek_v his_o redress_n on_o the_o acceptant_fw-la and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o be_v not_o necessary_o oblige_v to_o look_v on_o the_o acceptant_fw-la when_o he_o have_v rather_o seek_v his_o redress_n on_o the_o drawer_n or_o endorse_o nor_o be_v he_o oblige_v to_o give_v they_o any_o time_n for_o the_o payment_n but_o may_v when_o the_o payment_n be_v not_o punctual_a proceed_v against_o which_o of_o they_o he_o please_v by_o arrest_v either_o their_o person_n or_o good_n or_o both_o xi_o no_o drawer_n or_o endorse_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v restitution_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o protest_v alone_o nor_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o protest_v and_o the_o unaccept_v bill_n when_o one_o of_o they_o have_v be_v accept_v but_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v sufficient_a caution_n and_o security_n to_o the_o remitter_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o protest_v alone_o and_o to_o make_v payment_n when_o both_o the_o accept_a bill_n and_o the_o protest_v be_v present_v xii_o no_o drawer_n or_o endorse_o be_v oblige_v at_o the_o present_n of_o the_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n make_v before_o the_o last_o respite_n day_n when_o the_o acceptant_fw-la have_v not_o absolute_o deny_v payment_n but_o only_o desire_v delay_n till_o the_o last_o respite_n day_n to_o give_v any_o caution_n or_o security_n much_o less_o to_o re-pay_a the_o re-change_n and_o charge_n etc._n etc._n if_o he_o can_v prove_v that_o the_o acceptant_fw-la or_o a_o three_o person_n supra_fw-la protest_v will_v on_o the_o last_o respite_n day_n pay_v the_o same_o and_o that_o the_o bill_n have_v effectual_o be_v pay_v if_o it_o have_v remain_v at_o the_o place_n of_o payment_n so_o long_o xiii_o no_o drawer_n or_o endorse_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o re-change_n of_o a_o accept_a bill_n if_o the_o protest_v be_v not_o make_v within_o the_o limit_v day_n of_o respite_n fourteen_o if_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o bill_n be_v demand_v on_o the_o day_n it_o become_v due_a and_o the_o acceptant_fw-la be_v command_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o magistrate_n not_o to_o pay_v it_o yet_o the_o possessor_n may_v protest_v for_o nonpayment_n and_o the_o drawer_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o rechange_v but_o if_o for_o any_o accidental_a occurence_n the_o payment_n can_v be_v demand_v as_o perhaps_o a_o city_n may_v be_v besiege_v and_o the_o possessor_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o go_v in_o to_o make_v his_o demand_n etc._n etc._n then_o the_o drawer_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o make_v restitution_n but_o the_o whole_a sum_n run_v upon_o the_o risco_fw-la and_o hazard_v of_o the_o possessor_n or_o remitter_n of_o the_o bill_n xv._o if_o the_o endorse_a unadvised_o or_o ignorant_o make_v restitution_n for_o a_o bill_n protest_v for_o nonpayment_n after_o the_o respite_n day_n and_o the_o drawer_n refuse_v to_o make_v he_o satisfaction_n than_o the_o endorse_a have_v no_o redress_n but_o to_o demand_v restitution_n again_o from_o the_o person_n to_o who_o he_o pay_v the_o value_n xvi_o the_o drawer_n or_o he_o that_o make_v restitution_n for_o a_o bill_n protest_v for_o nonpayment_n within_o the_o day_n of_o respite_n must_v remember_v to_o demand_v cessionem_fw-la actionis_fw-la from_o the_o possessor_n against_o the_o acceptant_fw-la who_o he_o may_v compel_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n xvii_o it_o many_o time_n happen_v that_o the_o possessor_n of_o a_o accept_a bill_n protest_v for_o nonpayment_n be_v by_o the_o drawer_n after_o restitution_n make_v desire_v under_o pretence_n and_o protest_v of_o the_o drawer_n refusal_n to_o make_v restitution_n to_o compel_v the_o acceptant_fw-la to_o give_v satisfaction_n but_o it_o be_v very_o unhandsome_a for_o a_o three_o person_n unconcern_v to_o receive_v cessionem_fw-la actionis_fw-la and_o seek_v his_o redress_n on_o the_o acceptant_fw-la xviii_o when_o the_o drawer_n have_v pay_v the_o bill_n that_o be_v return_v with_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n the_o drawer_n be_v thereby_o free_o discharge_v against_o all_o party_n to_o who_o the_o say_a bill_n be_v make_v payable_a either_o immediate_o in_o the_o bill_n or_o mediate_o by_o assignment_n be_v they_o never_o so_o many_o nor_o can_v any_o one_o any_o way_n molest_v or_o trouble_v the_o drawer_n nor_o can_v any_o one_o of_o they_o prosecute_v the_o accepter_n on_o that_o account_n any_o further_o but_o yet_o the_o accepter_n be_v not_o total_o discharge_v if_o the_o bill_n be_v for_o the_o drawer_n or_o any_o other_o account_n to_o who_o the_o acceptant_fw-la shall_v be_v responsible_a chap._n xxi_o what_o a_o acceptant_fw-la of_o a_o bill_n that_o he_o have_v suffer_v to_o be_v protest_v for_o nonpayment_n and_o be_v return_v with_o protest_v be_v oblige_v to_o rule_n i._o if_o the_o acceptant_fw-la at_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n refuse_v to_o discharge_v bill_n he_o accept_v if_o the_o bill_n be_v return_v to_o the_o drawer_n with_o protest_v to_o demand_v satisfaction_n and_o the_o drawer_n refuse_v to_o do_v it_o return_v the_o bill_n again_o than_o the_o possessor_n of_o the_o bill_n have_v as_o much_o right_a and_o law_n against_o the_o acceptant_fw-la as_o against_o the_o drawer_n himself_o viz._n their_o person_n and_o good_n may_v be_v arrest_v and_o attach_v ii_o though_o the_o possessor_n of_o a_o bill_n have_v no_o redress_n upon_o the_o drawer_n if_o he_o after_o the_o day_n of_o respite_n cause_n the_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n of_o a_o accept_a bill_n to_o be_v enter_v yet_o this_o notwithstanding_o if_o the_o drawer_n be_v yet_o in_o credit_n the_o acceptant_fw-la can_v be_v compel_v by_o arrest_n or_o attache_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n till_o the_o bill_n send_v with_o protest_v to_o the_o drawer_n be_v again_o return_v on_o the_o acceptant_fw-la iii_o a_o bill_n make_v payable_a for_o the_o account_n of_o the_o drawer_n himself_o not_o pay_v at_o the_o due_a time_n but_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n need_v not_o be_v return_v on_o the_o drawer_n but_o he_o may_v instant_o without_o delay_n compel_v the_o drawer_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n by_o arrest_n and_o attache_n wherever_o he_o find_v he_o iv_o a_o acceptant_fw-la of_o a_o endorse_v bill_n protest_v for_o nonpayment_n can_v be_v proceed_v against_o by_o arrest_n and_o attache_n if_o any_o one_o or_o all_o the_o endorser_n refuse_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n unless_o the_o drawer_n himself_o also_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o and_o this_o be_v prove_v by_o good_a evidence_n v._o the_o acceptant_fw-la of_o a_o bill_n return_v with_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n and_o again_o return_v on_o the_o acceptant_fw-la be_v only_o oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v provision_n and_o postige_n and_o no_o other_o charge_n more_o vi_o the_o exchange_n be_v reckon_v according_a to_o the_o course_n at_o sight_n at_o that_o time_n and_o in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o protest_v be_v make_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o payment_n must_v be_v make_v by_o the_o drawer_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o pay_v there_o than_o the_o sum_n be_v again_o increase_v the_o provision_n and_o postige_n be_v again_o add_v and_o then_o the_o course_n be_v reckon_v again_o upon_o the_o whole_a sum_n according_a as_o it_o shall_v be_v at_o that_o time_n and_o place_n upon_o sight_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o the_o acceptant_fw-la be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o rechange_v and_o all_o the_o charge_n although_o the_o parcel_n be_v not_o effectual_o negotiate_v and_o redraw_v i._n e._n rechange_v provision_n and_o postidge_n must_v be_v twice_o pay_v etc._n etc._n as_o vii_o provision_n twice_o for_o the_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v viii_o the_o charge_n be_v no_o other_o than_o postidge_n and_o for_o the_o protest_v unless_o the_o acceptant_fw-la force_v by_o his_o delay_n and_o excuse_n the_o possessor_n of_o the_o bill_n upon_o some_o unnecessary_a charge_n which_o the_o acceptant_fw-la be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v but_o no_o extraordinary_a charge_n as_o for_o travel_v bribe_v and_o spend_v etc._n etc._n ix_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v interest_n if_o he_o do_v not_o present_o without_o delay_n satisfy_v the_o return_v bill_n which_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v from_o the_o day_n that_o the_o bill_n be_v due_a upon_o to_o the_o time_n of_o its_o discharge_n and_o the_o possessor_n may_v charge_v his_o account_n with_o interest_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o