a_o present_a the_o soon_o make_v their_o own_o peace_n and_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o their_o rebellion_n resolve_v to_o seize_v he_o and_o to_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o muscovite_n they_o be_v just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o put_v their_o design_n in_o execution_n when_o he_o mistrust_v the_o matter_n clap_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n and_o will_v without_o question_n have_v save_v himself_o by_o the_o swiftness_n of_o his_o horse_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v overtake_v by_o a_o arrow_n out_o of_o a_o cosack_v bow_n execute_v be_v take_v and_o execute_v which_o have_v wound_v he_o in_o the_o shoulder_n he_o be_v take_v and_o be_v bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n send_v to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n where_o he_o be_v hang_v in_o a_o chain_n before_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o that_o city_n the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n have_v consult_v their_o own_o safety_n after_o some_o contest_v among_o the_o noble_n at_o last_o by_o the_o universal_a suffrage_n of_o the_o people_n choose_v michael_n federovit_n the_o fatal_a youth_n so_o much_o fear_v by_o zuski_n their_o great_a duke_n who_o happy_o maintain_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n and_o restore_v tranquillity_n to_o the_o shatter_v empire_n of_o muscovy_n as_o will_v appear_v out_o of_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n iu._n contain_v the_o history_n of_o the_o reign_v of_o michael_n federovit_n of_o alexi_n michaelovit_n his_o son_n and_o fedor_n alexiovit_n the_o elder_a brother_n of_o the_o present_a grand_fw-fr czar_n of_o muscovy_n michael_n federovite_n be_v the_o son_n of_o fedor_n nikitis_n who_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o race_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n john_n basilovit_n by_o one_o of_o his_o daughtter_n have_v during_o the_o last_o trouble_n in_o muscovy_n live_v a_o very_a retire_a life_n and_o at_o last_o have_v forsake_v his_o wife_n for_o god_n sakâ—_n as_o they_o call_v it_o in_o muscovy_n embrace_v a_o religious_a life_n and_o soon_o after_o be_v make_v patriarch_n when_o he_o change_v the_o name_n of_o fedor_n into_o philaretes_n his_o son_n be_v scarce_o seventeen_o year_n of_o age_n when_o he_o be_v crown_v great_a duke_n of_o russia_n in_o the_o year_n 1613_o with_o one_o of_o the_o diadem_n which_o they_o find_v among_o the_o rapine_n of_o the_o pole_n notwithstanding_o which_o he_o govern_v the_o russian_a empire_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o prudence_n take_v the_o advice_n of_o his_o able_a counsellor_n but_o especial_o of_o his_o father_n in_o all_o matter_n of_o any_o moment_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o do_v after_o his_o coronation_n be_v to_o recompense_v the_o service_n of_o prosowecki_n boris_n sicin_n and_o the_o general_n of_o the_o dunensian_a cosack_n who_o have_v not_o only_o signalise_v themselves_o by_o their_o zeal_n in_o drive_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o muscovy_n pole_n truce_n begin_v betwixt_o the_o new_a great_a duke_n and_o the_o pole_n but_o also_o have_v be_v very_o instrumental_a in_o his_o election_n those_o he_o constitute_v general_n of_o his_o army_n and_o by_o their_o valour_n oblige_v the_o pole_n to_o emancipate_v they_o from_o the_o oath_n which_o the_o muscovite_n have_v swear_v to_o vladislaus_n their_o prince_n who_o be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o truce_n with_o this_o new_a great_a duke_n for_o fourteen_o year_n yet_o under_o these_o condition_n that_o the_o pole_n shall_v keep_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o their_o possession_n the_o dukedom_n of_o severia_n zeâ—ikow_n and_o smolensko_n which_o they_o have_v take_v during_o the_o late_a trouble_n in_o muscovy_n he_o also_o renew_v the_o ancient_a alliance_n with_o the_o other_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o as_o he_o be_v of_o a_o very_a good_a nature_n so_o by_o the_o mildness_n of_o his_o government_n he_o abolish_v the_o memory_n of_o his_o predecessor_n cruelty_n that_o it_o be_v grant_v the_o muscovite_n never_o enjoy_v a_o more_o peaceable_a and_o happy_a government_n for_o many_o age_n before_o his_o father_n for_o who_o he_o have_v always_o express_v so_o much_o respect_n as_o not_o only_o to_o admit_v he_o to_o all_o public_a audience_n and_o ceremony_n where_o he_o give_v he_o precedence_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1633._o which_o have_v almost_o prove_v fatal_a to_o his_o affair_n by_o the_o unfortunate_a siege_n of_o smolensko_n if_o by_o a_o seasonable_a peace_n he_o have_v not_o prevent_v the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o so_o signal_n a_o disgrace_n for_o the_o truce_n with_o the_o pole_n be_v expire_v some_o year_n before_o and_o michael_n eederovit_n be_v resolve_v to_o remove_v these_o troublesome_a neighbour_n at_o some_o further_a distance_n from_o his_o frontier_n and_o to_o draw_v out_o the_o thorn_n which_o stick_v so_o close_o in_o his_o flesh_n meditate_a the_o siege_n of_o smolensko_n for_o which_o purpose_n he_o have_v bring_v together_o a_o army_n of_o above_o anâ—_n hundred_o thousand_o man_n among_o who_o be_v several_a thousand_o german_n and_o several_a muscovian_a regiment_n exercise_v according_a to_o the_o german_a discipline_n and_o command_v by_o foreign_a officer_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o a_o great_a train_n of_o artillery_n consist_v of_o three_o hundred_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n requisite_a to_o carry_v on_o the_o siege_n with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n under_o the_o command_n of_o one_o herman_n shein_n a_o polander_n who_o by_o his_o change_a religion_n have_v gain_v he_o the_o affection_n and_o favour_n of_o the_o new_a patriarch_n the_o reduction_n of_o the_o place_n seem_v to_o be_v so_o much_o the_o easy_a in_o that_o the_o city_n be_v encompass_v with_o hill_n and_o only_o one_o single_a wall_n build_v after_o the_o old_a fashion_n without_o any_o outwork_n or_o ditch_n and_o that_o the_o polish_v garrison_n be_v not_o very_o numerous_a smoâ—ensko_n the_o new_a great_a duke_n besieges_fw-fr smoâ—ensko_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v order_v to_o attack_v it_o with_o all_o imaginable_a vigour_n the_o place_n be_v close_o besiege_v in_o the_o year_n 1633._o the_o german_n soon_o make_v a_o large_a breach_n in_o the_o wall_n on_o their_o side_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o give_v the_o assault_n which_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o general_n say_v that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o reproach_n to_o the_o whole_a muscovite_n army_n that_o a_o handful_n of_o german_n shall_v carry_v away_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o siege_n but_o these_o be_v encourage_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o foreign_a officer_n of_o several_a nation_n mount_v the_o breach_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n master_n of_o it_o when_o they_o receive_v positive_a order_n from_o the_o general_n to_o retreat_n and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n he_o will_v turn_v his_o cannon_n upon_o they_o so_o that_o not_o dare_v to_o make_v any_o further_a attempt_n the_o whole_a army_n continue_v the_o siege_n without_o do_v any_o thing_n worth_n take_v notice_n of_o vladistaus_n the_o new_a king_n of_o poland_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n leisure_n give_v he_o to_o get_v together_o a_o body_n of_o troop_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o the_o division_n among_o the_o officer_n in_o the_o muscovite_n camp_n or_o invite_v on_o purpose_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o by_o the_o muscovian_a general_n herman_n shein_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o place_n the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n be_v surround_v with_o hill_n and_o vast_a wood_n which_o give_v sufficient_a opportunity_n to_o the_o pole_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o those_o few_o avenue_n that_o lead_v to_o the_o muscovian_a camp_n smolensko_n disgrace_n receive_v before_o smolensko_n and_o by_o which_o they_o receive_v their_o provision_n so_o as_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n the_o muscovite_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o strait_n for_o want_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n that_o the_o general_n to_o prevent_v their_o be_v starve_v be_v force_v to_o capitulate_v with_o the_o pole_n to_o surrender_v the_o whole_a army_n and_o artillery_n at_o discretion_n which_o be_v to_o be_v ransom_v by_o the_o great_a duke_n the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o army_n put_v the_o whole_a empire_n under_o a_o great_a consternation_n and_o thing_n begin_v to_o look_v with_o a_o very_a ill_a face_n especial_o when_o the_o people_n begin_v to_o murmur_v open_o and_o some_o of_o the_o great_a one_o be_v suspect_v to_o have_v a_o finger_n in_o the_o treason_n king_n vladislaus_n send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n immediate_o after_o this_o defeat_n of_o the_o muscovite_n who_o by_o his_o insolent_a behaviour_n sufficient_o express_v the_o sense_n the_o pole_n have_v of_o the_o present_a turbulent_a state_n of_o the_o russian_a empire_n he_o cause_v the_o muscovite_n pristaf_v to_o alight_v and_o to_o uncover_v themselves_o first_o which_o they_o refuse_v to_o all_o other_o nation_n declare_v public_o that_o he_o be_v not_o come_v there_o to_o do_v the_o muscovite_n any_o honour_n but_o to_o receive_v
the_o absolute_a power_n they_o have_v over_o their_o subject_n life_n and_o fortune_n they_o may_v be_v parallel_v at_o least_o if_o not_o prefer_v to_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n in_o particular_a with_o a_o description_n of_o its_o chief_a city_n mvscovy_n as_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n be_v common_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n viz._n in_o the_o two_o northern_a part_n border_v on_o sweden_n and_o tartary_n the_o southern_a muscovy_n and_o the_o tartarian_a kingdom_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o russian_a empire_n we_o will_v in_o this_o chapter_n treat_v of_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n in_o particular_a reserve_v its_o more_o northern_a province_n to_o the_o follow_v and_o the_o description_n of_o the_o tartarian_a kingdom_n of_o astrachan_n casan_n siberia_n and_o other_o tartarian_a country_n call_v muscovy_n proper_o so_o call_v to_o the_o four_o and_o five_o chapter_n the_o southern_a muscovy_n comprehend_v ten_o province_n the_o first_o be_v the_o province_n of_o muscovy_n proper_o so_o call_v which_o have_v communicate_v its_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a empire_n it_o be_v a_o flat_a country_n beautify_v with_o great_a store_n of_o forest_n most_o of_o they_o of_o sir_n and_o beech-tree_n lakes_n and_o river_n abound_v in_o every_o thing_n requisite_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o human_a life_n the_o forest_n abound_v with_o honey_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o game_n as_o the_o plain_n do_v with_o grass_n and_o corn_n and_o the_o river_n and_o lake_n furnish_v the_o whole_a country_n with_o a_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fish_n except_o carp_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v here_o or_o if_o they_o be_v in_o some_o place_n they_o eat_v harsh_a and_o be_v quite_o neglect_v in_o a_o country_n where_o they_o have_v such_o store_n of_o the_o best_a fish_n in_o the_o world_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v musco_n musco_n a_o description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n to_o which_o it_o have_v give_v its_o name_n as_o it_o have_v derive_v its_o own_o from_o the_o river_n moska_n which_o pass_v through_o and_o divide_v that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n call_v strelitza_n slaâ—oda_n from_o the_o rest_n and_o after_o have_v receive_v the_o two_o small_a river_n of_o neglina_n and_o yagusa_n and_o join_v its_o current_n with_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la fall_v afterward_o into_o the_o great_a river_n wolga_n it_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o very_a fair_a plain_n betwixt_o the_o three_o abovementioned_a river_n its_o figure_n be_v almost_o circular_a contain_v in_o its_o circumference_n fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o mile_n at_o least_o though_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o conflagration_n which_o frequent_o happen_v in_o this_o city_n both_o its_o form_n and_o extent_n do_v not_o continue_v many_o year_n in_o the_o same_o condition_n it_o lie_v almost_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o frontier_n which_o on_o either_o side_n be_v above_o 600_o mile_n it_o be_v elevation_n be_v 55_o degree_n and_o 36_o min._n latitude_n its_o longitude_n 66_o degree_n before_o the_o crim_n tartar_n in_o the_o year_n 1571_o destroy_v it_o and_o the_o pole_n burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n all_o but_o the_o castle_n in_o the_o year_n 1611._o it_o be_v doubtless_o much_o big_a than_o it_o be_v now_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v by_o computation_n number_v near_o â—0000_n house_n â—0000_n â—0000_n this_o with_o the_o largeness_n of_o its_o street_n and_o the_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o house_n make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o considerable_a though_o not_o the_o most_o populous_a city_n of_o europe_n the_o city_n of_o musco_n like_o most_o of_o all_o the_o other_o town_n in_o muscovy_n be_v build_v all_o of_o wood_n except_o the_o palace_n of_o person_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n some_o church_n and_o chapel_n and_o the_o house_n of_o some_o very_a rich_a merchant_n which_o be_v of_o brick_n or_o stone_n it_o be_v the_o general_a custom_n throughout_o all_o muscovy_n to_o build_v their_o â—ouses_n of_o wood_n make_v up_o of_o beam_n and_o cross-piece_n of_o fir_n lay_v and_o join_v one_o upon_o another_o the_o vacuity_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o moss_n they_o be_v cover_v with_o bark_n of_o tree_n upon_o which_o they_o sometime_o lie_v another_o cover_n of_o turff_n the_o better_a to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o winter-season_n the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n be_v very_o spacious_a and_o handsome_a enough_o in_o dry_a wether_n but_o after_o the_o least_o rain_n very_o dirty_a and_o will_v for_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n be_v render_v quite_o unpassable_a be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o fir_n post_n which_o be_v lay_v across_o the_o street_n like_o a_o bridge_n serve_v instead_o of_o a_o pavement_n the_o combustible_a matter_n of_o which_o their_o house_n be_v compose_v together_o with_o the_o carelessness_n and_o disorderly_a housekeep_n of_o the_o muscovite_n they_o be_v much_o give_v to_o drunkenness_n make_v their_o house_n very_a subject_n to_o the_o mischance_n of_o fire_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n there_o be_v certain_a interval_n leave_v from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o the_o soon_o to_o quench_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o flame_n the_o guard_n and_o watch_n in_o the_o nighttime_n carry_v pole-ax_n wherewith_o they_o instant_o break_v down_o the_o next_o adjoin_v house_n to_o those_o that_o be_v on_o fire_n notwithstanding_o all_o these_o precaution_n there_o be_v seldom_o a_o week_n without_o some_o damage_n do_v by_o fire_n which_o however_o the_o muscovite_n be_v the_o less_o disturb_v at_o by_o how_o much_o more_o common_a it_o be_v and_o may_v be_v repair_v without_o any_o considerable_a loss_n to_o the_o owner_n their_o furniture_n consist_v common_o of_o a_o few_o bench_n only_a which_o also_o serve_v instead_o of_o bed_n and_o some_o earthen_a or_o wooden_a dish_n and_o as_o for_o their_o house_n they_o be_v almost_o as_o soon_o repair_v as_o lose_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a market_n without_o the_o white_a wall_n of_o this_o city_n where_o at_o a_o very_a easy_a rate_n wood_n be_v so_o over-plenty_n in_o this_o country_n they_o buy_v a_o house_n of_o what_o bigness_n they_o please_v ready_o build_v which_o in_o a_o little_a time_n be_v take_v down_o and_o transport_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o other_o house_n stand_v before_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o this_o great_a city_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o distinct_a quarter_n or_o circuit_n quarter_n musco_n divide_v into_o four_o quarter_n the_o first_o which_o the_o muscovite_n call_v cataygorod_n or_o the_o mid-city_n mid-city_n cataygorod_n or_o the_o mid-city_n be_v situate_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o other_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n by_o a_o brick_n wall_n call_v cresne_n stenna_n or_o red_a stone_n and_o surround_v almost_o by_o the_o two_o river_n of_o mosca_n and_o neglina_n the_o first_o pass_v by_o it_o on_o the_o south_n and_o join_v with_o the_o latter_a on_o the_o north-side_n behind_o the_o castle_n musco_n the_o castle_n of_o musco_n the_o castle_n of_o the_o grand_a duke_n call_v cremelena_n by_o the_o russian_n take_v up_o near_o one_o half_a of_o it_o be_v at_o least_o two_o mile_n in_o circumference_n and_o very_o well_o fortify_v with_o a_o triple_a strong_a wall_n very_o well_o mount_v with_o cannon_n and_o strengthen_v by_o a_o very_a good_a ditch_n the_o palace_n itself_o stand_v at_o the_o further_a end_n of_o the_o castle_n next_o adjoin_v to_o that_o of_o the_o patriarch_n be_v build_v of_o stone_n after_o the_o italian_a manner_n about_o fifty_o year_n ago_o notwithstanding_o which_o the_o czar_n use_v during_o the_o winter-season_n to_o eat_v and_o to_o sleep_v in_o some_o apartment_n make_v of_o wood_n as_o be_v less_o moist_a than_o the_o other_o beside_o that_o there_o be_v several_a boyar_n who_o have_v great_a place_n at_o court_n and_o live_v within_o the_o castle_n in_o very_o fair_a house_n of_o stone_n there_o be_v several_a convent_v of_o monk_n and_o nun_n and_o near_o fifty_o church_n and_o chapel_n of_o stone_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v those_o of_o st._n mary_n st._n nicholas_n and_o that_o of_o st._n michael_n famous_a for_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o russia_n among_o a_o great_a many_o other_o steeple_n which_o adorn_v these_o church_n and_o be_v all_o cover_v with_o copper_n â—nd_v large_a cross_n gild_v on_o the_o top_n of_o they_o which_o â—eing_v burnish_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n give_v they_o 〈◊〉_d resemblance_n of_o gold_n at_o a_o distance_n two_o be_v most_o particular_o worth_a take_v notice_n of_o be_v both_o in_o â—he_n centre_n of_o the_o castle_n the_o first_o call_v
juan_n â—elike_o or_o great_a john_n be_v build_v by_o czar_n john_n basiâ—vitz_n stand_v by_o itself_o cover_v with_o copper_n â—ilt_n its_o height_n be_v compute_v to_o be_v near_o the_o same_o â—ith_n that_o of_o st._n mark_n be_v in_o venice_n the_o second_o be_v â—nly_o remarkable_a for_o its_o great_a bell_n which_o be_v â—ot_n to_o be_v manage_v but_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o thirty_o man_n 〈◊〉_d seldom_o make_v use_n of_o but_o on_o great_a festival_n and_o 〈◊〉_d honour_n the_o entrance_n or_o audience_n of_o a_o great_a ambassador_n there_o be_v also_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o â—e_a castle_n keep_v several_a of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n â—e_z exchequer_n and_o the_o grand_a magazine_n of_o proâ—â—sion_n and_o ammunition_n immediate_o without_o the_o â—ates_n of_o the_o castle_n wall_n be_v a_o very_a fair_a church_n on_o â—â—e_z south_n side_n call_v st._n trinity_n or_o jerusalem_n â—hich_v appear_v so_o extraordinary_a a_o piece_n of_o architecture_n to_o that_o great_a tyrant_n john_n basilovit_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v finish_v he_o cause_v the_o architect_n eye_n to_o be_v pull_v out_o to_o prevent_v his_o attempt_v any_o thing_n like_o it_o hereafter_o the_o castle_n be_v face_v by_o a_o very_a fair_a spacious_a place_n the_o chief_a market_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o place_n of_o resort_v not_o only_o for_o buyer_n but_o for_o person_n of_o all_o degree_n eveâ—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o very_a slave_n the_o midst_n of_o it_o be_v take_v up_o for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o sempstresses_n shop_n and_o 〈◊〉_d store_n of_o other_o women-trader_n who_o 〈…〉_o of_o sell_v ring_n set_v with_o ruby_n and_o 〈…〉_o endeavour_v to_z vend_fw-mi their_o hide_a 〈…〉_o but_o what_o be_v the_o most_o regular_a and_o beautiful_a be_v that_o each_o particular_a street_n lead_v to_o this_o marketplace_n have_v a_o certain_a trade_n allot_v by_o itself_o so_o that_o the_o merceâ—_n do_v not_o intermingle_v with_o the_o woollen-draper_n noâ—_n the_o linen-draper_n with_o the_o goldsmith_n furry_a tailor_n or_o shoemaker_n but_o every_o trade_n have_v its_o proper_a station_n the_o buyer_n may_v with_o the_o great_a conveniency_n in_o the_o world_n in_o a_o instant_n cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o such_o commodity_n as_o will_v serve_v his_o occasion_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v here_o that_o the_o painter_n have_v none_o of_o the_o mean_a station_n among_o the_o rest_n here_o for_o their_o employment_n be_v to_o furnish_v the_o muscovite_n with_o the_o image_n of_o saint_n they_o deal_v with_o their_o chapman_n by_o way_n of_o exchange_n or_o truck_v where_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o make_v their_o own_o market_n for_o a_o muscâ—vite_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o point_n of_o conscience_n to_o buy_v or_o bargain_n for_o a_o saint_n seldom_o refuseâ—_n the_o painter_n demand_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o this_o inner_a circuit_n or_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n be_v take_v up_o with_o the_o house_n of_o the_o principal_a merchant_n beside_o thâ—se_a of_o some_o knez_n and_o muscovian_a lord_n the_o second_o quarter_n city_n czaargorod_n or_o the_o royal_a city_n which_o include_v the_o first_o iâ—_n a_o semicircle_n be_v call_v czaargorod_n or_o the_o city_n royal_a the_o little_a river_n neglina_n pass_v through_o it_o be_v enclose_v in_o a_o particular_a wall_n call_v biela_n stenna_n oâ—_n the_o white_a wall_n here_o be_v the_o arsenal_n and_o the_o place_n call_v poggana_n appoint_v for_o the_o cast_n of_o gunâ—_n and_o bell_n in_o which_o the_o muscovite_n be_v not_o behind_n hand_n with_o any_o other_o european_a artificer_n in_o thâ—â—_n part_n also_o live_v a_o great_a many_o knez_n lord_n and_o gentleman_n beside_o a_o prodigious_a number_n of_o trader_n of_o all_o sort_n the_o rest_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o butcher_n baker_n drinking-house_n corn-chandlers_n meal-shop_n and_o the_o grand_a duke_n stable_n the_o three_o quarter_n which_o run_v from_o the_o east_n all_o along_o the_o north-side_n to_o the_o west_n skoradom_n the_o three_o quarter_n of_o musco_n call_v skoradom_n include_v the_o quarter_n of_o czaargorod_n be_v call_v skoradom_n the_o little_a river_n jagusa_n run_v through_o it_o and_o afterward_o fall_v into_o the_o river_n mosca_n in_o this_o quarter_n be_v the_o abovementioned_a place_n for_o sell_v and_o buy_v of_o house_n the_o four_o and_o last_o circuit_n be_v that_o call_v strelitza_n slavoda_n slavoda_fw-it the_o four_o quarter_n call_v â—trelitza_fw-it slavoda_fw-it or_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o musqueteer_n belong_v to_o the_o great_a duke_n guard_n who_o have_v this_o part_n of_o the_o town_n assign_v they_o for_o their_o place_n of_o abide_v it_o lie_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n southly_a from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n call_v cataygorod_n its_o rampart_n and_o bastion_n be_v all_o of_o wood_n be_v design_v against_o the_o eruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n musco_n be_v inhabit_v not_o only_o by_o muscovite_n but_o also_o by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o tartar_n persian_n and_o greek_n the_o latter_a be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o muscovite_n both_o in_o religion_n and_o manner_n be_v prefer_v by_o they_o before_o all_o other_o stranger_n they_o allow_v nevertheless_o the_o public_a exercise_n of_o religious_a worship_n not_o only_o to_o the_o lutheran_n and_o other_o protestant_n but_o also_o to_o the_o turk_n persian_n and_o tartar_n except_o the_o jew_n and_o former_o the_o roman_a catholic_n there_o be_v a_o large_a slaboda_n or_o suburb_n without_o the_o city_n gate_n of_o prokoski_n slaboda_n the_o suburb_n call_v nova_n inasemska_n slaboda_n call_v nova_n inasemska_n slaboda_n where_o most_o of_o the_o foreign_a christian_n live_v together_o every_o one_o according_a to_o their_o own_o country_n fashion_n in_o which_o place_n the_o german_n english_a and_o dutch_a etc._n etc._n do_v most_o common_o reside_v beside_o the_o grand_a duke_n palace_n and_o the_o castle_n that_o which_o appear_v most_o beautiful_a to_o the_o eye_n of_o stranger_n be_v the_o great_a number_n of_o church_n and_o chapel_n in_o the_o city_n and_o suburb_n of_o musco_n of_o which_o their_o be_v two_o thousond_n in_o number_n every_o lord_n have_v his_o private_a chapel_n and_o each_o street_n one_o at_o least_o some_o two_o or_o three_o build_v of_o stone_n and_o of_o a_o circular_a figure_n who_o steeple_n be_v all_o cover_v with_o copper_n make_v a_o most_o glorious_a glitter_a show_n at_o a_o distance_n especial_o if_o you_o happen_v to_o approach_v the_o town_n in_o a_o bright_a sun-shiny_a day_n the_o next_o city_n of_o note_n in_o this_o province_n be_v call_v columna_fw-la columna_fw-la columna_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n about_o 70_o english_a mile_n distance_n from_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n by_o land_n it_o be_v near_o sevenscore_n miles_n by_o water_n it_o be_v of_o a_o considerable_a bigness_n and_o environ_v with_o a_o very_a fair_a stone_n wall_n and_o tower_n a_o thing_n not_o very_o common_a in_o muscovy_n it_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o a_o weywode_n or_o russian_a governor_n which_o show_v it_o to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o the_o province_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o bishop_n in_o all_o muscovy_n who_o keep_v his_o residence_n in_o this_o city_n but_o what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a here_o be_v that_o about_o three_o mile_n above_o this_o place_n near_o the_o convent_n of_o kolutin_n serge_n monarstir_v found_v by_o one_o sergius_n a_o great_a saint_n among_o the_o muscovite_n occa._n the_o river_n occa._n the_o mosca_n fall_v into_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la which_o come_v from_o the_o south_n be_v not_o only_o much_o largeâ—_n and_o broad_a than_o the_o former_a but_o have_v besides_o that_o on_o both_o side_n a_o noble_a country_n very_o populous_a and_o fruitful_a and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o fair_a oak_n oâ—_n both_o shore_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o rarity_n 〈◊〉_d muscovy_n render_v it_o the_o most_o delightful_a in_o the_o world_n two_o day_n journey_n from_o columna_fw-la near_o the_o border_n of_o the_o province_n of_o rhesan_n be_v the_o city_n of_o peresla_n or_o preski_n seat_v upon_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la at_o 42_o degree_n 42_o min._n elevation_n be_v govern_v by_o its_o particular_a weywode_n or_o governour_n there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o province_n some_o otherâ—_n less_o considerable_a which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o must_v pass_v by_o in_o silence_n the_o second_o province_n of_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n 〈◊〉_d the_o province_n of_o werotin_n werotin_n werotin_n have_v borrow_v its_o name_n from_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n beside_o which_o it_o have_v two_o city_n more_o the_o first_o call_v croom_n the_o latter_a arvel_n all_o three_o of_o they_o so_o inconsiderable_a as_o not_o to_o deserve_v a_o particular_a description_n here_o
the_o three_o province_n be_v the_o dukedom_n of_o rhesan_n betwixt_o the_o two_o river_n of_o don_n and_o occa_fw-la lie_v southward_o from_o muscovy_n rhesan_n rhesan_n from_o which_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o river_n aka_fw-mi be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o fruitful_a province_n of_o all_o muscovy_n abound_v in_o wheat_n honey_n fish_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o venison_n and_o fowl_n its_o capital_a city_n be_v call_v likewise_o rhesan_n former_o a_o very_a considerable_a place_n which_o have_v give_v its_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a province_n but_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1568_o total_o destroy_v as_o be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o dukedom_n by_o the_o crim-tartar_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v take_v into_o consideration_n the_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n all_o along_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la which_o from_o thence_o extend_v its_o self_n to_o that_o great_a trench_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o fence_n against_o the_o eruption_n of_o those_o barbarian_n on_o that_o side_n and_o have_v get_v together_o the_o disperse_a inhabitant_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o material_n he_o order_v the_o build_n of_o a_o new_a city_n at_o forty_o miles_n distance_n from_o the_o former_a which_o be_v call_v peresla_n resanski_n because_o a_o great_a many_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n of_o peresla_n heretofore_o mention_v come_v hither_o to_o settle_v themselves_o notwithstanding_o which_o the_o old_a city_n of_o rhesan_n retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o honour_n of_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n beside_o which_o this_o province_n have_v also_o the_o city_n of_o domkagorod_n corsira_n and_o tulla_n the_o latter_a be_v situate_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n the_o four_o be_v the_o province_n of_o wolodimer_n wolâ—dimer_n wolâ—dimer_n former_o the_o chief_a of_o whole_a muscovy_n the_o capital_a city_n have_v its_o name_n from_o its_o first_o founder_n prince_n wolodimer_n who_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 928_o and_o be_v from_o â—hence_o communicate_v to_o the_o whole_a province_n which_o â—e_v situate_v in_o the_o most_o fruitful_a country_n of_o all_o musâ—ovy_n above_o 150_o mile_n eastward_o from_o musco_n between_o the_o two_o river_n of_o occa_fw-la and_o wolga_n this_o city_n which_o be_v situate_v near_o the_o river_n clesna_n be_v â—or_a a_o considerable_a time_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n till_o the_o imperial_a seat_n be_v transfer_v to_o musco_n by_o prince_n danilou_n michâ—elovits_n since_o which_o time_n it_o be_v much_o decay_v from_o its_o former_a splendour_n the_o ruin_n of_o its_o wall_n and_o house_n be_v undeniable_a demonstration_n of_o its_o former_a greatness_n unto_o this_o province_n be_v annex_v the_o two_o tartarian_a principality_n of_o cassinou_n and_o mordwa_n mordwa_n cassinou_n and_o mordwa_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o first_o be_v cassinogord_n situate_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la as_o one_o come_v from_o musco_n surround_v with_o a_o great_a many_o goodly_a village_n and_o monastery_n most_o pleasant_o seat_v among_o the_o wood_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o second_o be_v moruma_n be_v inhabit_v partly_o by_o muscovite_n partly_o by_o tartar_n but_o altogether_o under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o grand_a duke_n it_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la the_o river_n clesna_n which_o come_v from_o wolodimer_n fall_v into_o it_o at_z about_z 10_o or_o 12_o mile_n distance_n the_o five_o province_n be_v nisenovogorod_n nisâ—â—ovogorod_n nisâ—â—ovogorod_n have_v receive_v its_o name_n as_o most_o other_o in_o this_o country_n from_o its_o capital_a city_n call_v nisenovogorod_n thâ—â—_n city_n be_v build_v at_o the_o conflux_n of_o the_o two_o greâ—_n rivers_n occa_fw-la and_o wolga_n at_o 56_o degree_n 28_o min._n neâ—â—_n 500_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n by_o land_n and_o above_o 700_o by_o water_n receive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o novogorod_n the_o inhabitant_n 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v by_o order_n from_o the_o great_a duke_n basâ—â—â—_n translate_v to_o this_o place_n it_o be_v true_a it_o fall_v far_o shoâ—â—_n in_o bigness_n of_o what_o the_o city_n of_o novogorod_n be_v 〈◊〉_d former_a age_n nevertheless_o it_o have_v very_o strong_a tower_n and_o wall_n of_o stone_n and_o the_o suburb_n exceed_v 〈◊〉_d bigness_n the_o city_n itself_o be_v near_o three_o miles_n 〈◊〉_d circumference_n and_o inhabit_v by_o tartar_n muscovite_n and_o some_o dutch_a the_o most_o of_o they_o merchant_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o have_v here_o a_o protestant_a church_n whereas_o the_o city_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n take_v up_o with_o military_a officer_n victualler_n sutler_n &_o â—â—_o be_v all_o under_o the_o government_n of_o a_o weywode_n thâ—_n next_o city_n in_o this_o province_n be_v basiligorod_n build_v like_o wise_a by_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n who_o give_v it_o 〈◊〉_d name_n and_o make_v it_o a_o frontierplace_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n call_v ceremiss_n of_o whoâ—_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v immediate_o it_o 〈◊〉_d situate_v at_o 55_o deg_fw-la 51_o min._n at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o volga_n to_o reckon_v from_o its_o source_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v from_o all_o the_o other_o place_n mention_v in_o this_o treatise_n at_o the_o fall_n in_o of_o the_o small_a river_n sura_n heretofore_o the_o common_a boundary_a betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o the_o tartar_n of_o casan_n since_o the_o muscovite_n have_v extend_v their_o conquest_n over_o the_o tartar_n on_o that_o side_n even_o to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n this_o place_n have_v be_v neglect_v its_o wall_n be_v quite_o ruin_v and_o its_o edifice_n altogether_o of_o wood_n it_o resemble_v now_o more_o a_o great_a village_n than_o a_o city_n the_o tartar_n ceremiss_n ceremiss_n the_o tartar_n ceremiss_n who_o we_o mention_v just_a now_o have_v their_o habitation_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n betwixt_o this_o place_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o casan_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n they_o be_v a_o nation_n barbarous_a treacherous_a and_o cruel_a live_v upon_o robbery_n and_o addict_v to_o sorcery_n their_o food_n be_v honey_n and_o wild_a fowl_n they_o take_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o milk_n which_o their_o pasture_n furnish_v they_o with_o they_o 〈◊〉_d not_o inhabit_v house_n but_o most_o wretched_a hut_n those_o that_o live_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n wolâ—a_n be_v call_v nagorni_n or_o mountaineer_n as_o those_o inhabit_v on_o the_o left_a side_n be_v call_v lugoivi_n from_o â—heir_a meadow_n which_o supply_v they_o on_o both_o â—ides_n of_o the_o river_n with_o hay_n they_o be_v general_o speak_v heathen_n use_v neither_o circumcision_n â—or_a baptism_n they_o give_v a_o child_n its_o name_n from_o â—he_n first_o person_n they_o meet_v that_o day_n when_o this_o â—eremony_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v which_o be_v six_o month_n â—fter_o its_o birth_n they_o acknowledge_v a_o immortal_a â—od_n the_o author_n of_o all_o good_a who_o ought_v to_o be_v adore_v but_o ridicule_n the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n â—ho_n '_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v a_o hell_n they_o dread_v the_o â—evil_n as_o the_o author_n of_o all_o their_o misfortune_n â—hom_n therefore_o they_o pretend_v to_o appease_v with_o saâ—ifices_n their_o chief_a devotion_n and_o pilgrimage_n â—hich_v they_o do_v to_o the_o devil_n be_v perform_v at_o a_o place_n â—â—lled_v nemda_n among_o the_o fen_n where_o every_o body_n 〈◊〉_d oblige_v to_o carry_v a_o present_a when_o they_o offer_v â—â—eir_n sacrifice_n to_o god_n they_o kill_v a_o hoâ—se_n a_o ox_n or_o a_o sheep_n some_o of_o the_o flesh_n thereof_o be_v roast_v and_o put_v into_o a_o dish_n and_o hold_v in_o the_o other_o hand_n another_o vessel_n fill_v with_o hydromel_n or_o some_o other_o liquor_n both_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o fire_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n before_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o creature_n that_o be_v sacrifice_v be_v extend_v upon_o a_o pole_n lay_v a_o crosâ—_n two_o tree_n this_o skin_n they_o adore_v in_o order_n to_o intercede_v for_o they_o with_o god_n unto_o who_o they_o also_o make_v sometime_o their_o address_n the_o whole_a subject_n of_o their_o devotion_n tend_v to_o some_o conveniency_n 〈◊〉_d another_o of_o this_o life_n but_o most_o common_o to_o the_o augment_v the_o number_n of_o their_o cattle_n they_o pay_v a_o great_a veneration_n even_o to_o adoration_n to_o the_o suâ—_n and_o moon_n who_o they_o believe_v the_o author_n of_o the_o production_n of_o the_o earth_n they_o make_v use_v of_o no_o church_n priest_n or_o book_n their_o sacrifice_n and_o other_o religious_a exercise_n be_v perform_v near_o somâ—_n torrent_n or_o another_o polygamy_n be_v use_v amongâ—_n they_o even_o so_o as_o to_o marry_v two_o or_o
three_o sister_n at_o 〈◊〉_d time_n their_o woman_n and_o maid_n be_v all_o wrap_v up_o iâ—_n a_o piece_n of_o coarse_a white_a cloth_n scarce_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v see_v but_o their_o face_n the_o man_n wear_v a_o lonâ—_n coat_n make_v of_o linen_n cloth_n under_o which_o thâ—â—_n wear_v breeches_n they_o all_o shave_v their_o head_n thâ—_n young_a man_n who_o be_v unmarried_a leave_v however_o for_o distinction_n sake_n a_o long_a tress_n of_o hair_n hang_v upon_o their_o back_n their_o language_n be_v peculiar_a 〈◊〉_d themselves_o have_v no_o relation_n with_o that_o of_o the_o â—ther_o neighbour_a tartar_n or_o with_o the_o turkish_a 〈◊〉_d muscovian_a language_n though_o some_o of_o they_o that_o aâ—â—_n conversant_a with_o the_o muscovite_n have_v attain_v soâ—â—_n knowledge_n of_o their_o tongue_n but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o five_o remain_a province_n of_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n which_o be_v muâ—â—_n less_o considerable_a than_o those_o we_o have_v describe_v bâ—fore_o we_o will_v treat_v of_o with_o all_o the_o brevity_n imaginable_a scarce_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o name_n of_o their_o 〈◊〉_d place_n be_v to_o be_v know_v by_o foreigner_n the_o six_o therefore_o be_v the_o province_n of_o jarostve_n 〈◊〉_d jarostaf_n jarostaf_n jarostaf_n have_v beside_o its_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o samâ—_n name_n two_o city_n call_v riâ—iena_n and_o nova_fw-la româ—_n the_o seven_o be_v susdal_n susdal_n susdal_n have_v also_o borrow_v its_o name_n from_o its_o capital_a city_n of_o that_o name_n which_o 〈◊〉_d also_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n beside_o which_o 〈◊〉_d contain_v the_o town_n of_o jorgowitz_n and_o castroâ—mow_n the_o eight_o be_v call_v rosthou_fw-mi roâ—thou_fw-mi roâ—thou_fw-mi its_o capital_a city_n be_v vglitz_n these_o three_o dukedom_n be_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n appropriate_v to_o the_o use_n of_o and_o enjoy_v by_o the_o young_a brother_n of_o muscovy_n till_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o john_n basilovitz_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1565._o they_o be_v reunite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n north-east_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n be_v the_o nine_o province_n belong_v to_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n be_v it_o be_v calâ—ed_v it_o be_v it_o have_v receive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o capital_a city_n it_o be_v as_o the_o latter_a be_v indebt_v for_o its_o name_n to_o the_o river_n it_o be_v which_o together_o with_o â—he_n river_n of_o volga_n pass_v by_o it_o the_o city_n be_v siâ—uated_v at_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n about_o forty_o mile_n from_o hence_o more_o to_o the_o north_n be_v another_o town_n â—alled_v torsock_n build_v likewise_o on_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o â—ill_n not_o altogether_o so_o big_a as_o it_o be_v but_o surround_v â—ith_n rampart_n and_o bastion_n of_o wood._n both_o of_o â—â—em_n have_v their_o particular_a weywode_n oâ—_n governor_n the_o ten_o and_o last_o of_o these_o province_n be_v roshovie_n roshovie_n roshovie_n â—aving_a not_o any_o thing_n remarkable_a but_o its_o capital_a city_n â—f_n that_o name_n if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o three_o famous_a â—ivers_n of_o volga_n the_o dwina_n and_o the_o boristhenes_n â—hich_v have_v their_o rise_n in_o this_o province_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o northern_a province_n of_o muscovy_n the_o northern_a province_n of_o muscovy_n be_v divide_v into_o those_o which_o border_n upon_o sweden_n and_o those_o border_n upon_o tartary_n lapland_n muscoviâ—â—_n lapland_n we_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o first_o where_o the_o muscovian_a lapland_n offer_v itself_o to_o our_o consideration_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o three_o lesser_a province_n the_o first_o call_v mouremankois_n have_v the_o city_n of_o kola_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n and_o swanchet_n the_o second_o call_v terskoi_n where_o be_v the_o city_n of_o jokena_n and_o polin-osâ—ro_a the_o three_o call_v bellamoresko_n contain_v the_o city_n of_o kondulatz_n omay_n and_o komi_n the_o second_o in_o order_n of_o the_o great_a northern_a province_n belong_v to_o muscovy_n be_v the_o province_n of_o dwina_n dwina_n dwina_n have_v derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n duina_n which_o have_v its_o rise_n at_o the_o conflux_n of_o the_o river_n of_o jagel_n and_o sachona_n fall_v into_o the_o white_a sea_n near_o the_o city_n of_o archangel_n this_o province_n be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o northern_a on_o the_o swediâ—â—_n side_n of_o muscovy_n be_v in_o former_a age_n subject_a to_o thâ—_n duke_n of_o novogorod_n and_o have_v but_o one_o city_n calleâ—_n duina_n in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o it_o but_o since_o thâ—_n english_a dutch_a and_o hanseatick_a town_n remove_v theâ—_n traffic_n from_o the_o city_n of_o narva_n to_o archangel_n thâ—_n province_n be_v become_v one_o of_o the_o most_o considerabâ—â—_n of_o the_o russian_a empire_n as_o the_o city_n of_o archangel_n be_v now_o the_o staple_n of_o the_o whole_a continent_n of_o mâ—â—scovy_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o safe_a and_o commodious_a hâ—â—bour_n the_o city_n of_o archangel_n or_o st._n michael_n archangel_n a_o archbishops_n seat_n archangel_n archangel_n and_o now_o the_o capital_a of_o 〈◊〉_d province_n be_v situate_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o riâ—â—â—_n duina_n on_o the_o left_a side_n as_o you_o enter_v it_o from_o the_o wâ—â—â—_n sea_n where_o it_o make_v the_o island_n of_o podesemski_n 〈◊〉_d none_o of_o the_o large_a but_o withal_o so_o populous_a that_o no_o other_o place_n in_o whole_a muscovy_n be_v comparable_a to_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n which_o flock_v thither_o from_o the_o circumjacent_a province_n to_o truck_v their_o commodity_n which_o consist_v in_o corn_n caviarr_n fur_n hemp_n russia_n leather_n and_o wax_n against_o cloth_n velvet_n damask_n spice_n tin_n lead_v wine_n and_o strong-water_n import_v by_o the_o english_a dutch_a and_o hamburgher_n so_o that_o sometime_o 300_o or_o 400_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v see_v of_o several_a nation_n in_o the_o port_n of_o archangel_n the_o custom_n of_o which_o be_v say_v to_o amount_v yearly_o to_o near_o 200000_o l._n sterling_n it_o be_v above_o sevenscore_n year_n ago_o since_o the_o english_a begin_v to_o remove_v their_o trade_n from_o narva_n to_o this_o place_n for_o king_n edward_n vi._n have_v set_v out_o a_o fleet_n for_o the_o establish_n a_o trade_n in_o some_o unknown_a country_n they_o have_v follow_v the_o northern_a passage_n be_v at_o last_o bring_v into_o the_o port_n of_o archangel_n john_n basilovitz_n the_o then_o grand_a czar_n of_o muscovy_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o draw_v the_o english_a traffic_n thither_o â—o_o encourage_v their_o undertake_n grant_v they_o a_o privilege_n of_o commerce_n without_o any_o custom_n or_o impost_n so_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1555._o the_o english_a settle_v a_o company_n there_o under_o the_o direction_n of_o one_o mr._n killingworth_n and_o the_o muscovy_n trade_n have_v be_v ever_o since_o continue_v from_o that_o place_n to_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o since_o the_o year_n 1591._o when_v the_o town_n become_v a_o mart_n the_o dutch_a and_o hamburgher_n have_v interfere_v with_o the_o english_a in_o their_o commerce_n it_o have_v a_o considerable_a castle_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1506._o and_o the_o town_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n reduce_v to_o ash_n in_o the_o year_n 1663._o be_v since_o that_o time_n restore_v to_o a_o more_o flourish_a condition_n than_o before_o in_o the_o gulf_n which_o the_o sea_n make_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a river_n dwina_n there_o be_v three_o small_a island_n call_v soloska_n anger_n and_o colova_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v heretofore_o famous_a for_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o a_o muscovian_a saint_n who_o body_n be_v about_o fifty_o year_n ago_o translate_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n beside_o this_o and_o the_o beforementioned_a city_n of_o dwina_n st._n nicholas_n lapas_n and_o korela_n be_v the_o most_o worth_a take_v notice_n of_o in_o this_o country_n the_o next_o considerable_a in_o rank_n though_o not_o in_o order_n pleskou_fw-fr pleskou_fw-fr of_o these_o northern_a province_n be_v the_o dukedom_n of_o pleskou_n have_v take_v its_o name_n from_o its_o capital_a city_n call_v pleskou_n the_o muscovite_n call_v it_o pskou_n from_o a_o lake_n about_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n distant_a from_o it_o from_z whence_o arise_v a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o run_v by_o the_o city_n and_o have_v communicate_v its_o name_n not_o only_o to_o this_o city_n but_o the_o whole_a province_n both_o the_o city_n and_o duchy_n be_v former_o govern_v by_o their_o own_o prince_n till_o in_o the_o year_n 1509._o the_o great_a duke_n john_n basilovit_n reunited_a both_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n the_o town_n be_v not_o extraordinary_a large_a but_o very_o convenient_a and_o pleasant_a by_o
reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o lake_n it_o have_v beside_o this_o two_o city_n more_o call_v ostrow_n and_o opolsko_n the_o province_n of_o wologda_n wologda_fw-la wologda_fw-la which_o sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o novogorod_n be_v since_o reunited_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n its_o capital_a city_n have_v the_o same_o name_n with_o the_o province_n both_o of_o they_o have_v borrow_v their_o name_n from_o the_o river_n vologda_n which_o have_v its_o rise_n near_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o novogorod_n veliki_n disembogue_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o city_n of_o wologda_n or_o vologda_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a in_o those_o part_n not_o only_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o bigness_n and_o strength_n be_v surround_v with_o a_o very_a strong_a wall_n but_o also_o of_o its_o commerce_n it_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o left_a shoar_n of_o the_o river_n sucagna_n raise_v upon_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o it_o which_o river_n run_v by_o tetma_n and_o vstiga_n run_v some_o mile_n below_o the_o latter_a into_o the_o abovementioned_a river_n dwina_n which_o render_v it_o very_o convenient_a for_o trading_n and_o consequent_o very_o populous_a there_o be_v two_o city_n more_o in_o this_o province_n call_v socsoa_n and_o stâ—litz_n the_o province_n of_o vstiugha_n ustiugha_n ustiugha_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o dwina_n and_o wologda_n be_v also_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o novogorod_n till_o like_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o those_o part_n it_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n the_o capital_a city_n here_o be_v likewise_o call_v vstiugha_n from_o the_o word_n vst_o which_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o latin_a word_n ostium_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n and_o jugh_o it_o be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o conflux_n of_o the_o river_n jugh_o and_o sucagna_n build_v upon_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o the_o latter_a which_o at_o some_o mile_n below_o this_o place_n exoâ—erates_v itself_o in_o the_o river_n dwina_n as_o we_o have_v mention_v before_o it_o have_v its_o own_o weywode_n or_o governour_n this_o province_n be_v famous_a for_o the_o best_a black_a fox_n it_o afford_v above_o all_o other_o in_o muscovy_n it_o have_v two_o city_n more_o call_v kollas_n and_o dobriâ—a_n the_o next_o province_n both_o for_o rank_n and_o situation_n be_v novogorod_n veliki_n veliki_n noâ—ogorod_n veliki_n owe_v its_o name_n to_o its_o capital_a city_n likewise_o call_v novogorod_n veliki_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o very_a fair_a spacious_a plain_n at_o 58_o degree_n 23_o min._n elevation_n upon_o the_o wologda_n or_o vologda_n a_o river_n different_a from_o the_o volga_n vologda_n the_o river_n vologda_n the_o river_n vologda_n have_v its_o rise_n out_o of_o the_o lake_n of_o ilman_n about_o three_o mile_n above_o this_o city_n from_o whence_o cross_v the_o lake_n of_o ladoga_n it_o pass_v in_o its_o way_n through_o the_o river_n niova_n the_o boundary_a betwixt_o muscovy_n and_o sweden_n on_o that_o side_n near_o the_o city_n of_o noteburgh_n till_o at_o last_o by_o the_o gulf_n of_o finland_n it_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n this_o river_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o this_o city_n afford_v not_o only_o great_a store_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o most_o excellent_a fish_n at_o a_o very_a cheap_a rate_n but_o also_o be_v navigable_a from_o its_o very_a source_n and_o the_o country_n round_o about_o very_o fruitful_a abound_v in_o wheat_n flax_n hemp_n wax_n and_o honey_n but_o especial_o in_o russia_n leather_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o here_o to_o be_v better_o dress_v than_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o muscovy_n make_v this_o city_n to_o be_v repute_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a trade_n city_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n it_o be_v in_o former_a age_n govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n who_o have_v extend_v their_o conquest_n over_o several_a of_o the_o adjacent_a province_n as_o have_v be_v mention_v before_o this_o city_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o one_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a and_o celebrate_v of_o europe_n so_o that_o it_o be_v grow_v into_o a_o proverb_n in_o those_o part_n who_o can_v oppose_v god_n and_o the_o great_a city_n of_o novogorod_n the_o hanseatick_a town_n have_v in_o those_o day_n a_o office_n of_o address_n in_o this_o city_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o frequent_v by_o the_o livonian_o and_o muscovite_n but_o also_o by_o the_o dane_n german_n and_o swede_n it_o be_v surname_v veliki_n which_o signify_v great_a there_o have_v be_v some_o who_o have_v compare_v it_o for_o greatness_n with_o rome_n itself_o it_o be_v true_a they_o have_v in_o this_o much_o over-shot_a the_o mark_n nevertheless_o the_o great_a extent_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ancient_a wall_n and_o the_o number_n of_o its_o steeple_n yet_o remain_v be_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o its_o foâ—mer_a glory_n and_o that_o its_o present_a condition_n fall_v incomparable_o short_a of_o what_o it_o be_v before_o its_o destruction_n the_o city_n be_v now_o only_o surround_v with_o a_o wooden_a wall_n and_o the_o house_n build_v of_o the_o same_o material_n the_o first_o that_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o grandeur_n of_o this_o place_n be_v vithold_v great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n and_o at_o that_o time_n general_n of_o the_o polish_v army_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1427._o oblige_v it_o to_o pay_v a_o considerable_a tribute_n to_o that_o crown_n about_o fifty_o year_n after_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n john_n basili_n grotsdin_n famous_a for_o his_o tyranny_n after_o a_o war_n of_o seven_o year_n have_v defeat_v their_o army_n in_o the_o year_n 1477._o force_v they_o to_o do_v he_o â—omage_n and_o to_o receive_v a_o muscovian_a governor_n and_o soon_o after_o put_v a_o fatal_a period_n to_o this_o great_a and_o poâ—ent_a city_n for_o have_v consider_v with_o himself_o that_o its_o inhabitant_n will_v not_o fail_v to_o take_v hold_n of_o the_o first_o opportunity_n to_o recover_v their_o liberty_n go_v thither_o in_o person_n under_o pretence_n of_o establish_v the_o greek_a religion_n which_o he_o pretend_v to_o be_v in_o danger_n by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o roman_a catholic_n be_v encourage_v in_o his_o design_n by_o theophilus_n the_o then_o archbishop_n of_o the_o city_n he_o have_v no_o soon_o enter_v the_o city_n but_o it_o be_v by_o his_o order_n pillage_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n transport_v from_o thence_o into_o other_o place_n of_o muscovy_n but_o especial_o to_o nisenovogorod_a which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o in_o who_o stead_n he_o plant_v there_o a_o colony_n of_o muscovite_n the_o booty_n which_o he_o get_v there_o be_v incredible_a have_v beside_o all_o sort_n of_o rich_a stuff_n and_o other_o sumptuous_a movable_n carry_v away_o three_o hundred_o wagon_n load_v with_o gold_n silver_n and_o jewel_n about_o fourscore_o year_n after_o viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1569._o the_o then_o great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n john_n basilowitz_n have_v conceive_v the_o same_o suspicion_n enter_v the_o city_n with_o a_o army_n and_o after_o he_o have_v cause_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o people_n to_o be_v trample_v to_o death_n by_o the_o horse_n foot_n and_o some_o thousand_o kill_v by_o the_o sword_n such_o a_o multitude_n of_o dead_a body_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o river_n wolgda_n that_o its_o current_n be_v stop_v the_o neighbour_a field_n be_v overflow_v round_o about_o the_o town_n the_o stench_n of_o the_o dead_a carcase_n cause_v such_o a_o infection_n in_o the_o air_n that_o what_o have_v escape_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v destroy_v either_o by_o the_o plague_n or_o famine_n no_o body_n dare_v to_o venture_v to_o carry_v thither_o any_o provision_n but_o that_o which_o be_v the_o most_o inhuman_a of_o all_o be_v that_o even_o the_o few_o remnant_n that_o have_v escape_v his_o former_a cruelty_n the_o plague_n and_o famine_n have_v feed_v upon_o dead_a carcase_n be_v at_o last_o all_o cut_n to_o piece_n by_o the_o tyrant_n soldier_n notwithstanding_o all_o these_o calamity_n sustain_v its_o advantageous_a situation_n for_o commerce_n have_v in_o process_n of_o time_n draw_v thither_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o new_a inhabitant_n by_o who_o industry_n it_o be_v bring_v into_o that_o state_n it_o appear_v now_o which_o though_o it_o must_v only_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o mere_a shadow_n of_o that_o great_a body_n it_o represent_v in_o former_a age_n nevertheless_o next_o to_o the_o city_n of_o archangel_n it_o may_v pass_v for_o one_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a trade_n town_n in_o those_o part_n for_o beside_o the_o wooden_a fortification_n we_o have_v mention_v before_o it_o have_v a_o castle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n opposite_a to_o the_o city_n and_o join_v to_o it_o by_o a_o bridge_n this_o castle_n be_v surround_v by_o a_o strong_a stone_n wall_n be_v
the_o residence_n both_o of_o the_o weywode_n and_o the_o metropolitan_a who_o have_v the_o management_n of_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n over_o this_o province_n over_o against_o this_o castle_n on_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o river_n with_o the_o city_n be_v a_o monastery_n dedicate_v to_o st._n anthony_n the_o muscovite_n relate_v most_o surprise_a miracle_n of_o this_o saint_n among_o the_o rest_n they_o show_v a_o great_a millstone_n lie_v against_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o convent_n upon_o which_o they_o say_v st._n anthony_n perform_v his_o voyage_n from_o rome_n to_o novogorod_n viz._n by_o go_v down_o the_o tiber_n this_o stone_n ship_n have_v carry_v he_o if_o any_o body_n will_v believe_v it_o over_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o mediterranean_a to_o the_o baltic_a where_o he_o go_v up_o the_o volgda_n and_o at_o last_o take_v up_o his_o 〈…〉_o nouâ—gorod_n there_o be_v another_o monastery_n 〈…〉_o place_v call_v perumiki_n monastir_n what_o they_o 〈◊〉_d of_o it_o as_o it_o appeaâ—â—_n more_o câ—eâ—ible_a so_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v pass_v by_o 〈…〉_o it_o be_v relate_v that_o before_o novogorod_n and_o the_o adâ—â—â—ent_a place_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a 〈◊〉_d these_o pagan_n use_v to_o sacrifice_n to_o a_o certain_a idol_n call_v perun_n or_o the_o god_n of_o fire_n perun_n signify_v in_o the_o muscovian_a language_n as_o much_o as_o fire_n this_o idol_n be_v represent_v with_o a_o thunderbolt_a in_o his_o hand_n near_o which_o be_v keep_v a_o constant_a fire_n of_o oak_n which_o be_v never_o to_o go_v out_o at_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o life_n who_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o it_o after_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v embrace_v christianity_n the_o idol_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o river_n its_o temple_n raze_v and_o this_o convent_n build_v on_o the_o same_o place_n where_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o idol_n stand_v before_o there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o province_n the_o city_n of_o ladoga_n situate_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n ladoga_n from_o whence_o it_o have_v its_o name_n which_o be_v thereabouts_o near_o threescore_o mile_n broad_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o it_o at_o about_o 80_o miles_n distance_n the_o city_n of_o laba_n the_o utmost_a frontier-town_n of_o the_o muscovite_n on_o that_o side_n about_o seven_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n of_o ladoga_n in_o the_o river_n wolgda_n there_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a cataract_n or_o fall_n of_o water_n among_o 〈◊〉_d rock_n and_o at_o six_o mile_n thence_o another_o not_o far_o from_o the_o monastery_n call_v nicolai_n nepostitz_n where_o the_o water_n run_v with_o such_o violence_n that_o a_o hundred_o man_n scarce_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v a_o load_a boat_n up_o the_o river_n and_o often_o be_v cast_v away_o in_o either_o of_o these_o two_o place_n next_o to_o the_o province_n of_o novogorod_n something_o more_o northward_o osera_fw-fr bela_n osera_fw-fr be_v the_o duchy_n of_o bela_n osera_n a_o province_n so_o full_a of_o wood_n rivers_n and_o fen_n that_o it_o be_v scarce_o accessible_a except_o in_o winter_n when_o the_o river_n and_o fen_n be_v freeze_v it_o be_v capital_a city_n be_v of_o the_o same_o name_n with_o the_o province_n beside_o which_o it_o have_v the_o city_n of_o stara_n russo_n glebowa_n and_o grodsesko_n the_o province_n of_o kargapol_n kargapol_n kargapol_n border_v upon_o this_o to_o the_o north-west_n have_v nothing_o remarkable_a but_o its_o capital_a city_n which_o have_v give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o province_n to_o the_o south-west_n of_o it_o be_v the_o dukedom_n of_o smolensko_n smolensko_n smolensko_n it_o border_n on_o the_o south_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o severia_n to_o the_o east_n upon_o muscovy_n proper_o so_o call_v on_o the_o west_n be_v lithuania_n and_o to_o the_o north_n the_o province_n of_o novogorod_n veliki_n and_o livonia_n it_o be_v capital_a city_n be_v likewise_o call_v smolensko_n have_v communicate_v its_o name_n to_o the_o province_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n boristhenes_n the_o river_n boristhenes_n or_o niâ—per_n this_o river_n rise_v in_o the_o province_n of_o rosâ—hovie_n near_o a_o village_n call_v dmiepersko_n about_o fifty_o league_n from_o the_o lake_n of_o fronowe_n the_o first_o source_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n and_o after_o it_o have_v take_v its_o course_n southward_o it_o turn_v near_o wiesma_n towards_o the_o east_n by_o the_o city_n of_o prohobus_fw-la smolensko_fw-mi orsha_n dubrowna_n and_o mohilow_n from_o whence_o it_o return_v again_o to_o the_o south_n and_o pass_v by_o kioviâ—_n near_o the_o cyrcass_n quite_o different_a from_o the_o circassian_n tartar_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o city_n of_o otzakow_n belong_v to_o the_o precopian_a tartar_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n at_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o this_o river_n be_v a_o well-fortified_n citadel_n with_o a_o very_a good_a ditch_n and_o a_o noble_a counterscarp_n well_o pallisadoe_v belong_v to_o the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n but_o the_o city_n itself_o have_v but_o a_o single_a wall_n without_o a_o ditch_n the_o muscovite_n take_v it_o from_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o year_n 1514._o but_o be_v recover_v near_o a_o â—undred_o year_n after_o by_o the_o pole_n under_o their_o king_n sigismond_n in_o the_o year_n 1633._o the_o great_a duke_n michael_n federovit_n besiege_v â—t_a with_o a_o army_n of_o above_o 100000_o man_n smolensko_fw-mi siâ—e_v of_o smolensko_fw-mi among_o who_o be_v several_a thousand_o german_n beside_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o muscovite_n discipline_v after_o the_o german_a way_n and_o command_v by_o german_a english_a scot_n and_o french_a officer_n with_o a_o vast_a train_n of_o artillery_n consist_v of_o 300_o cannon_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n requisite_a to_o carry_v on_o the_o siege_n with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o polander_n call_v herman_n slein_n who_o have_v be_v rebaptise_v in_o muscovy_n and_o by_o his_o treachery_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v lose_v the_o whole_a army_n for_o the_o german_n have_v soon_o make_v a_o breach_n in_o the_o wall_n be_v for_o give_v a_o assault_n which_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o general_n they_o be_v second_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o foreign_a officer_n whereupon_o have_v mount_v the_o breach_n they_o be_v very_o near_a master_n of_o it_o when_o the_o general_n turn_v his_o cannon_n against_o they_o force_v they_o to_o retreat_n allege_v that_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o czarish_a majesty_n that_o a_o handful_n of_o foreigner_n shall_v carry_v away_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o siege_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v gather_v a_o body_n of_o five_o or_o six_o thousand_o pole_n post_v his_o force_n on_o several_a avenue_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o muscovian_a camp_n by_o which_o they_o must_v of_o necessity_n receive_v their_o provision_n without_o the_o least_o opposition_n make_v by_o the_o muscovite_n who_o without_o much_o difficulty_n may_v have_v prevent_v the_o pole_n so_o that_o have_v sufficient_a leisure_n give_v they_o to_o fortify_v themselves_o the_o muscovian_a army_n be_v in_o a_o little_a time_n reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n for_o want_v of_o provision_n that_o their_o general_n who_o never_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v to_o force_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o their_o post_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o shameful_a capitulation_n for_o himself_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n with_o all_o the_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n to_o surrender_v at_o discretion_n and_o to_o leave_v sufficient_a hostage_n for_o the_o ransom_n of_o all_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n which_o be_v according_o pay_v by_o the_o great_a duke_n the_o general_n rely_v upon_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o some_o other_o great_a man_n at_o court_n who_o be_v suspect_v to_o have_v have_v a_o hand_n in_o this_o treachery_n return_v to_o musco_n not_o without_o hope_n of_o be_v protect_v against_o what_o the_o officer_n may_v lay_v to_o his_o charge_n but_o both_o the_o people_n and_o soldier_n be_v so_o incense_v against_o he_o that_o every_o thing_n seem_v to_o tend_v to_o a_o general_a insurrection_n his_o head_n be_v in_o the_o year_n next_o follow_v cut_v off_o in_o the_o marketplace_n before_o the_o castle_n where_o also_o his_o son_n who_o have_v a_o considerable_a command_n under_o his_o father_n in_o the_o siege_n be_v strip_v stark_o naked_a and_o whip_v to_o death_n and_o the_o near_a of_o his_o relation_n banish_v into_o siberia_n notwithstanding_o this_o disgrace_n the_o successor_n of_o michael_n federovitz_n czar_n alexis_n michaelovitz_n take_v it_o from_o the_o pole_n by_o composition_n in_o the_o year_n 1654._o since_o which_o time_n the_o muscovite_n remain_v in_o possession_n of_o it_o beside_o the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n it_o have_v the_o city_n of_o prohobus_fw-la situate_v upon_o the_o nieper_n wâ—sma_n seat_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n mosaysko_n and_o niewieltz_n
siberie_n or_o severia_n a_o province_n different_a from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siberia_n in_o tartary_n be_v of_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n severia_n severia_n be_v former_o govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n who_o be_v nevertheless_o tributary_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o lithuania_n of_o which_o this_o dukedom_n have_v a_o dependence_n it_o be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o smolensko_n the_o precopian_a tartary_n podolia_n and_o lithuania_n south-west_n of_o smolensko_n the_o prince_n of_o siberie_n have_v revolt_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n under_o casimir_n son_n of_o jagellon_n their_o king_n put_v himself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n till_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n eject_v the_o duke_n of_o siberie_n and_o unite_v the_o province_n to_o his_o crown_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o duchy_n be_v call_v novogorod_n sieberski_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o new_a city_n of_o siberia_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o two_o or_o three_o other_o call_v novogorod_n under_o the_o czar_n obedience_n the_o other_o city_n of_o note_n belong_v to_o this_o province_n be_v czerrigou_n bransko_n starodub_n and_o petivola_n but_o now_o we_o must_v turn_v our_o course_n more_o north-east_n wiatkaâ—_n wiatkaâ—_n where_o the_o province_n of_o wiatka_n be_v situate_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o tartar_n ceremiss_n surname_v logovi_n its_o capital_a city_n be_v of_o the_o same_o name_n both_o of_o they_o be_v denominate_v from_o the_o river_n wiatka_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o river_n kama_n the_o next_o province_n border_v upon_o wiatka_n towards_o the_o siberian_a tartar_n be_v permia_n be_v count_v one_o of_o the_o great_a of_o muscovy_n it_o be_v capital_a city_n be_v call_v permia_n veliki_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n vishora_n which_o at_o about_o 60_o miles_n distance_n from_o this_o place_n kama_n the_o river_n kama_n fall_v into_o the_o river_n kama_n this_o river_n have_v its_o rise_n in_o this_o province_n and_o about_o 60_o mile_n beyond_o casan_n fall_v into_o the_o river_n volga_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o province_n have_v a_o language_n and_o character_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o they_o eat_v no_o bread_n but_o feed_v upon_o herb_n they_o pay_v their_o yearly_a tribute_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n in_o horse_n and_o fur_n their_o next_o neighbour_n to_o the_o north-east_n be_v the_o tartar_n of_o tumen_n border_v upon_o siberia_n inhabit_v the_o province_n of_o candora_n candora_n candora_n its_o chief_a city_n be_v warchaturia_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n tura_fw-la beside_o which_o it_o have_v the_o city_n of_o tumen_n near_o the_o conflux_n of_o the_o two_o river_n tumen_n and_o tura_fw-la further_o to_o the_o north_n be_v the_o province_n petzora_n petzora_n petzora_n which_o extend_v itself_o towards_o the_o north-east_n all_o along_o the_o freeze_a sea_n the_o river_n of_o petzora_n which_o have_v give_v its_o name_n to_o the_o province_n fall_v by_o six_o several_a channel_n into_o the_o sea_n near_o a_o little_a city_n call_v pustiziero_n on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o be_v the_o mountain_n mountain_n the_o riphean_a mountain_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v ripheans_n or_o hyberboreans_n and_o by_o the_o muscovite_n be_v call_v zimnopoja_v that_o be_v the_o girdle_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o afford_v the_o best_a sable_n and_o hawk_n in_o all_o muscovy_n but_o the_o cold_a be_v so_o violent_a and_o durable_a in_o this_o province_n that_o the_o river_n be_v freeze_v up_o above_o nine_o month_n in_o the_o year_n the_o province_n of_o obdorie_n obdorie_n obdorie_n derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n oby_n which_o have_v its_o source_n from_o the_o great_a lake_n cataisko_n and_o run_v from_o east_n to_o north_n oby_n the_o river_n oby_n fall_v into_o the_o freeze_a sea_n both_o these_o province_n border_n upon_o the_o samojede_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o among_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o russia_n juhora_fw-it juhora_fw-it be_v also_o reckon_v the_o province_n of_o juhora_n famous_a for_o nothing_o but_o that_o the_o hungarian_n be_v say_v to_o have_v their_o offspring_n out_o of_o this_o country_n the_o province_n of_o wachines_n wachines_n wachines_n only_a note_v for_o its_o two_o fortress_n call_v cameni_n and_o pensolog_n the_o principality_n of_o bielski_n bielski_n bielski_n derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o capital_a city_n biela_n the_o duchy_n of_o kraina_n have_v the_o two_o city_n kraina_n kraina_n jalatz_n and_o brasowa_n the_o province_n of_o pole_n pole_n pole_n the_o city_n of_o bretock_n and_o bogenaer_n not_o to_o mention_v here_o the_o palatinate_n of_o kiow_n kiow_n kiow_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o border_n of_o podolia_n and_o lithuania_n 〈◊〉_d part_n of_o it_o be_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o tartarian_a kingdom_n of_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o great_a river_n volga_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o kingdom_n of_o caesar_n and_o astrachan_n with_o some_o other_o tartarian_a province_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n volga_n the_o river_n volga_n be_v situate_v near_o the_o famous_a river_n volga_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o join_v the_o description_n of_o those_o country_n with_o that_o of_o the_o say_a river_n there_o be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o roshovie_n of_o which_o mention_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o 2_o chapter_n ten_o mile_n from_o its_o capital_a city_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n in_o the_o great_a forest_n of_o wolkowskiles_n a_o lake_n call_v vronow_v or_o fronowo_o out_o of_o which_o rise_v a_o river_n that_o ten_o mile_n from_o that_o place_n fall_v into_o another_o lake_n call_v volga_n which_o give_v it_o its_o name_n it_o be_v thence_o forward_o call_v volga_n or_o wolga_n it_o be_v doubtless_o the_o same_o which_o ptolemy_n call_v rha_n and_o the_o tartar_n edel_n the_o great_a river_n in_o europe_n be_v from_o its_o source_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n into_o which_o it_o exonerate_v itself_o above_o 2900_o mile_n long_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o river_n from_o its_o source_n to_o the_o city_n of_o nise_n novogorod_n run_v for_o above_o 400_o mile_n through_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o muscovy_n carry_v but_o a_o indifferent_a stream_n and_o touch_v upon_o few_o place_n of_o note_n till_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la near_o the_o abovementioned_a place_n it_o be_v four_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o geometrical_a foot_n wide_a at_o the_o meeting_n of_o these_o two_o river_n we_o have_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n describe_v that_o city_n and_o basiligorod_n belong_v to_o the_o ceremiss_n both_o border_a upon_o that_o river_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v a_o accoâ—â—â—_n in_o this_o chapter_n of_o the_o tartarian_a province_n of_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n we_o will_v follow_v the_o tract_n of_o this_o great_a river_n as_o far_o as_o â—o_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o begin_v with_o the_o tartarian_a kingdom_n of_o casan_n forty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o city_n of_o basiligorod_n casan_n the_o kingdom_n of_o casan_n be_v the_o city_n of_o kusmademianski_n situate_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n the_o whole_a country_n thereabouts_o be_v like_o one_o continue_a forest_n of_o elm_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a compass_n forty_o mile_n further_o down_o the_o river_n and_o on_o the_o same_o shoar_n be_v the_o city_n of_o sabakzar_n the_o most_o pleasant_a for_o its_o situation_n in_o those_o part_n and_o 25_o mile_n low_a after_o you_o have_v pass_v two_o or_o three_o small_a island_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o volga_n a_o little_a city_n call_v kockshage_n on_o the_o same_o side_n some_o mile_n low_a be_v the_o city_n of_o suiatski_n build_v on_o the_o aâ—cent_a of_o a_o hill_n the_o castle_n and_o some_o church_n be_v of_o stone_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o building_n and_o fortification_n of_o wood._n it_o 〈◊〉_d 20_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o city_n of_o casan_n the_o shoar_n all_o along_o betwixt_o these_o two_o place_n be_v cover_v with_o chalky_a and_o sandy_a mountain_n the_o city_n of_o casan_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o fruitful_a plain_n casan_n the_o city_n of_o casan_n in_o 55_o degree_n 38_o min._n elev_n seven_o miles_n distant_a from_o the_o river_n wolga_n upon_o the_o river_n casanska_n which_o have_v give_v the_o name_n both_o to_o the_o city_n and_o province_n it_o be_v a_o very_a large_a city_n but_o its_o house_n and_o fortification_n as_o most_o all_o other_o in_o those_o part_n of_o wood._n but_o the_o castle_n and_o its_o fortification_n which_o consist_v in_o four_o bastion_n and_o a_o good_a many_o tower_n be_v of_o stone_n the_o river_n serve_v for_o a_o ditch_n about_o it_o the_o garrison_n be_v compose_v of_o muscovite_n only_o
under_o their_o own_o weywode_n but_o the_o city_n be_v inhabit_v both_o by_o tartar_n and_o muscovite_n who_o have_v their_o own_o governor_n the_o province_n of_o casan_n lie_v on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n border_v to_o the_o east_n upon_o astrachan_n to_o the_o north_n upon_o the_o siberian_a tartar_n it_o be_v heretofore_o subject_a to_o the_o cham_n of_o tartary_n till_o it_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o follow_a manner_n the_o great_a duke_n basili_n ivanovit_n father_n to_o that_o famous_a tyrant_n ivan_n basilovit_n after_o a_o signal_n victory_n obtain_v over_o these_o tartar_n casan_n the_o conquest_n of_o casan_n have_v constitute_v one_o sheale_n their_o governor_n against_o who_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o crim_n tartar_n they_o make_v a_o insurrection_n and_o force_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n flush_v with_o this_o success_n they_o march_v into_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o two_o brother_n mendligeri_fw-la and_o sapgeri_fw-la who_o force_v the_o muscovite_n that_o be_v encamp_v near_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la to_o retreat_n under_o noviogorod_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o their_o way_n to_o stop_v their_o march_n to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n the_o same_o be_v besiege_v take_v and_o plunder_v and_o the_o castle_n also_o force_v to_o capitulate_v be_v first_o reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n upon_o very_o hard_a condition_n viz._n that_o the_o great_a duke_n and_o his_o subject_n shall_v be_v tributary_n to_o they_o for_o ever_o and_o as_o a_o sign_n of_o this_o their_o subjection_n the_o great_a duke_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o smite_v his_o head_n before_o the_o statue_n of_o mendligeri_fw-la erect_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o the_o market_n place_n of_o the_o city_n as_o often_o as_o the_o tribute_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o tartar_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v be_v force_v by_o a_o unavoidable_a necessity_n to_o confirm_v these_o article_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n the_o two_o brother_n part_v sapgeri_n choose_v casan_n for_o the_o seat_n of_o his_o empire_n mendligeri_fw-la be_v the_o elder_a the_o city_n of_o crim._n but_o the_o latter_a have_v in_o view_n no_o less_o than_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a muscovy_n march_v soon_o after_o against_o the_o city_n of_o rhesan_n and_o have_v summon_v john_n kowar_n the_o weywode_n of_o the_o castle_n to_o surrender_v unto_o who_o he_o represent_v how_o the_o great_a duke_n his_o master_n be_v become_v his_o subject_n the_o governor_n pretend_v to_o be_v quite_o ignorant_a of_o the_o matter_n desire_v that_o some_o more_o satisfactory_a proof_n may_v be_v give_v he_o before_o he_o can_v resolve_v upon_o a_o capitulation_n mendligeri_fw-la imagine_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o convince_a than_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v own_o letter_n patent_n send_v they_o to_o the_o governor_n who_o extreme_o glad_a of_o have_v get_v so_o favourable_a a_o opportunity_n to_o recover_v by_o this_o stratagem_n the_o great_a duke_n original_a letter_n send_v word_n to_o the_o besieger_n that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o keep_v both_o the_o letter_n and_o castle_n to_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o blood_n neither_o be_v he_o behind_o hand_n in_o his_o promise_n but_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o a_o certain_a italian_a connoneer_n he_o so_o galled_a the_o tartar_n that_o have_v force_v they_o to_o retreat_n from_o before_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n he_o send_v the_o letter_n to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n the_o people_n be_v overjoy_v at_o so_o lucky_a and_o unexpected_a a_o accident_n break_v down_o the_o statue_n and_o the_o czar_n take_v courage_n by_o the_o example_n of_o his_o subject_n besiege_v the_o city_n of_o casan_n but_o after_o much_o blood_n shed_v on_o both_o side_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n ivanovitz_n his_o son_n john_n basilovitz_n be_v desirous_a to_o revenge_v the_o affront_n his_o father_n have_v receive_v before_o casan_n begin_v his_o reign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o city_n the_o place_n be_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n batter_v furious_o when_o he_o offer_v they_o very_o advantageous_a condition_n which_o they_o have_v refuse_v in_o hope_n of_o succour_n from_o the_o crim_n tartar_n the_o great_a duke_n not_o to_o loose_v time_n order_v his_o mine_n to_o be_v spring_v which_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o tartar_n be_v bury_v in_o their_o own_o ruin_n during_o this_o consternation_n the_o general_n assault_v be_v give_v and_o the_o place_v carry_v by_o storm_n the_o 9th_o of_o july_n in_o the_o year_n 1552._o not_o without_o a_o great_a slaughter_n the_o tartar_n defend_v themselves_o with_o the_o utmost_a bravery_n in_o two_o several_a retrenchment_n within_o the_o city_n after_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o breach_n and_o at_o last_o see_v all_o past_a recovery_n they_o force_v their_o way_n out_o of_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n through_o the_o muscovian_a camp_n and_o get_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n casanska_n the_o czar_n know_v the_o importance_n of_o the_o place_n which_o make_v he_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n order_v immediate_o the_o breach_n to_o be_v repair_v and_o some_o considerable_a addition_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o castle_n ever_o since_o which_o it_o have_v remain_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o muscovite_n the_o tartar_n who_o be_v allow_v to_o live_v in_o the_o city_n not_o dare_v under_o severe_a punishment_n to_o set_v a_o foot_n between_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o castle_n the_o country_n hereabout_o be_v extreme_o fertile_a especial_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n melon_n grow_v there_o of_o a_o extraordinary_a taste_n come_v in_o bigness_n near_o to_o our_o pompion_n but_o not_o very_o populous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a incursion_n of_o the_o cosack_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n volga_n the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n from_o the_o city_n of_o nise_n novogorod_n to_o casan_n be_v east_n and_o south_n eastward_o but_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n and_o so_o further_o to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n its_o current_n run_v from_o north_n to_o south_n about_o 60_o mile_n below_o casan_n the_o river_n kama_n come_v north-east_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o permia_n kama_n the_o river_n kama_n fall_v on_o the_o left_a side_n into_o the_o river_n wolga_n and_o about_o 30_o mile_n low_a the_o river_n zerdick_n be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n kama_n fall_v also_o into_o the_o same_o river_n at_o about_o 30_o miles_n distance_n from_o hence_o be_v situate_a on_o a_o little_a ascent_n the_o city_n of_o tetus_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o shoar_n resemble_v by_o its_o disorderly_a building_n rather_o a_o great_a village_n than_o a_o city_n twenty_o five_o mile_n low_a not_o many_o mile_n from_o the_o opposite_a shoar_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n be_v the_o river_n vtka_n which_o rise_v near_o the_o city_n of_o bulgar_a bulgar_a the_o province_n of_o bulgar_a the_o capital_a of_o a_o tartarian_a province_n to_o which_o it_o have_v give_v its_o name_n some_o mile_n low_a be_v a_o island_n call_v staritzza_n be_v above_o 15_o mile_n long_o and_o not_o far_o below_o this_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o considerable_a city_n among_o the_o tartar_n call_v vrenoskora_n it_o be_v a_o place_n very_o delightful_a for_o its_o situation_n and_o famous_a to_o this_o day_n for_o the_o bury_v of_o one_o of_o their_o saint_n to_o who_o they_o pay_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o devotion_n a_o good_a many_o mile_n lower_v at_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o two_o other_o great_a city_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o very_o pleasant_o seat_v near_o the_o river_n side_n the_o first_o be_v call_v simberska_n gora_n the_o second_o arbeuchim_n from_o a_o adjacent_a mountain_n that_o retain_v the_o same_o name_n to_o this_o day_n they_o be_v both_o destroy_v by_o tamerlan_n be_v situate_a under_o the_o 53_o deg_fw-la elâ—v_n the_o river_n wolga_n be_v hereabout_o as_o most_o all_o along_o from_o its_o very_a source_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n full_a of_o sand-bank_n and_o small_a island_n which_o lie_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o on_o both_o shore_n render_v its_o passage_n very_o difficult_a and_o sometime_o unpassable_a for_o vessel_n of_o great_a burden_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o go_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o june_n when_o by_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o snow_n be_v melt_v and_o the_o river_n which_o fall_v into_o it_o be_v thaw_v the_o water_n of_o 〈◊〉_d river_n swell_v up_o to_o a_o extraordinary_a height_n so_o 〈◊〉_d often_o they_o afford_v a_o
passage_n to_o the_o boat_n over_o the_o 〈◊〉_d island_n the_o river_n volga_n contain_v a_o prodigious_a store_n of_o fish_n of_o all_o sort_n a_o very_a good_a commodity_n in_o musâ—ovy_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o their_o fast-day_n which_o both_o the_o tartar_n and_o muscovite_n catch_v with_o a_o cord_n but_o in_o a_o different_a manner_n the_o tartar_n fasten_v to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o long_a cord_n a_o pretty_a big_a stone_n which_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n several_a great_a piece_n of_o wood_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o other_o end_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o which_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n all_o along_o this_o great_a cord_n many_o little_n once_o be_v fasten_v at_o some_o distance_n from_o one_o another_o each_o of_o these_o have_v at_o the_o end_n a_o goodâ—ook_n bait_v with_o a_o certain_a fish_n which_o they_o know_v the_o rest_n to_o be_v greedy_a of_o by_o which_o invention_n they_o catch_v often_o fish_n of_o ten_o twelve_o and_o more_o foot_n long_o the_o muscovite_n take_v also_o a_o cord_n with_o a_o â—ook_v fasten_v to_o the_o end_n of_o it_o this_o cord_n be_v tyâ—d_v about_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o well_o plain_v board_n tin_a over_o its_o â—igness_n about_o 4_o or_o 5_o inch_n square_a which_o be_v drag_v behind_o a_o boat_n by_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n resemble_v the_o scale_n of_o fish_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o draw_v up_o fish_n of_o a_o very_a great_a seize_v to_o the_o bait_n and_o into_o the_o snare_n among_o other_o fish_n wherewith_o this_o river_n abound_v the_o sturgeon_n be_v none_o of_o the_o least_o considerable_a who_o egg_n afford_v that_o ragout_n which_o the_o italian_n call_v cavayar_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o the_o muscovite_n 〈◊〉_d the_o egg_n be_v put_v into_o a_o paste_n be_v prepare_v 10_o or_o 12_o day_n with_o salt_n this_o commodity_n afford_v a_o considerable_a trade_n to_o muscovy_n be_v export_v from_o thence_o to_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n where_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o best_a of_o this_o kind_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o czar_n keep_v this_o trade_n to_o himself_o some_o mile_n below_o the_o abovementioned_a ruin_v place_n the_o shoar_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n be_v very_o mountainous_a yet_o not_o â—o_o but_o that_o the_o valley_n afford_v very_o pleasant_a pasture_n the_o first_o that_o appear_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v a_o mountain_n out_o of_o which_o the_o muscovite_n get_v great_a store_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v prepare_v in_o certain_a hut_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v send_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o river_n to_o mâ—sâ—o_v almost_o opposite_a to_o this_o be_v another_o mountain_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o which_o the_o river_n vssa_n fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n on_o both_o side_n be_v very_o fine_a meadow_n border_v upon_o the_o shoar_n but_o at_o some_o distance_n from_o thence_o be_v very_o thick_a wood_n a_o place_n of_o retreat_n for_o the_o cosack_n which_o make_v it_o very_o dangerous_a for_o traveler_n below_o this_o lie_v the_o mountain_n diwiagora_n or_o maids-mountain_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a steepy_a '_o hill_n of_o various_a colour_n and_o bear_v pine-tree_n in_o so_o regular_a a_o order_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v plant_v there_o on_o purpose_n make_v it_o appear_v very_o pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o this_o rises_z another_z which_o reach_v near_o 40_o mile_n along_o the_o river_n but_o what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a here_o valley_n thâ—_n cyâ—â—â—_n valley_n be_v the_o valley_n betwixt_o they_o which_o be_v store_v with_o appletree_n afford_v very_o good_a cider_n be_v call_v by_o the_o muscovite_n jabla-new-quas_a which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o drink_v of_o apple_n some_o of_o these_o mountain_n reach_v a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o country_n other_o border_v only_o upon_o the_o riverside_n at_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o river_n about_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o shoar_n lie_v the_o city_n of_o samara_n belong_v to_o the_o abovementioned_a tartarian_a province_n of_o bulgar_a and_o above_o 300_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o city_n of_o casan_n it_o be_v form_n be_v square_a its_o building_n all_o of_o wood_n except_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n which_o be_v three_o in_o number_n the_o river_n of_o samar_n from_o whence_o it_o derive_v its_o name_n fall_v about_o three_o mile_n below_o into_o the_o volga_n about_o 100_o mile_n from_o hence_o be_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o cosack_n be_v all_o bare_a without_o any_o wood_n it_o serve_v for_o a_o retreat_v place_n to_o the_o cosack_n live_v upon_o the_o don_n or_o tanais_n and_o have_v from_o thence_o get_v its_o denomination_n betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o city_n of_o saratof_n above_o 200_o mile_n distant_a from_o hence_o be_v abundance_n of_o small_a island_n in_o this_o river_n so_o that_o at_o certain_a season_n it_o have_v be_v fordable_a and_o consequent_o very_o incommodious_a for_o ship_n of_o burden_n who_o at_o such_o place_n be_v oblige_v to_o unload_v part_n of_o their_o cargo_n in_o small_a boat_n which_o they_o carry_v along_o with_o they_o for_o that_o purpose_n the_o city_n of_o saratof_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o very_a fair_a large_a plain_n about_o four_o mile_n from_o the_o riverside_n upon_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o wolga_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o muscovite_n soldier_n who_o be_v put_v there_o as_o a_o guard_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n call_v kalmuches_n kalâ—uches_n tartar_n kalâ—uches_n inhabit_v a_o vast_a tract_n of_o ground_n which_o extend_v towards_o the_o caspian_a sea_n betwixt_o this_o river_n and_o the_o river_n jaika_fw-mi about_o three_o hundred_o mile_n low_a 50_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n the_o city_n of_o zariza_n tanais_n the_o river_n tanais_n the_o river_n don_n the_o tanais_n of_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n advance_v within_o a_o day_n journey_n near_o the_o river_n volga_n as_o some_o mile_n below_o the_o say_a city_n behind_o a_o certain_a island_n call_v the_o isle_n of_o zerpinsko_n there_o fall_v a_o little_a river_n call_v kamous_a which_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o beforementioned_a river_n don_n into_o the_o river_n volga_n but_o it_o be_v very_o shallow_a afford_v scarce_o passage_n for_o small_a boat_n notwithstanding_o which_o there_o be_v some_o who_o affirm_v that_o it_o may_v be_v render_v more_o navigable_a and_o consequent_o a_o communication_n be_v establish_v betwixt_o these_o two_o considerable_a river_n near_o the_o first_o of_o these_o two_o abovementioned_a place_n wolga_n the_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o wolga_n before_o you_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o zariza_n near_o achtobska_n vtska_n the_o river_n volga_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n whereof_o one_o take_v its_o course_n to_o the_o left_a into_o the_o country_n carry_v its_o stream_n for_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o north-east_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o current_n of_o the_o great_a river_n but_o afterward_o reassume_v its_o former_a course_n returns_z to_o the_o southeast_n till_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n about_o 40_o mile_n from_o hence_o at_o 5_o mile_n distance_n from_o the_o riverside_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o great_a city_n former_o call_v zaaresgorod_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o 〈◊〉_d royal_a build_v as_o it_o be_v relate_v by_o tamerlain_n its_o palace_n and_o wall_n be_v all_o of_o brick_n which_o have_v furnish_v the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n for_o these_o many_o year_n with_o material_n for_o their_o wall_n church_n and_o monastery_n a_o few_o mile_n from_o this_o place_n lie_v the_o city_n of_o zariza_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n 49_o degree_n and_o 42_o min._n elevation_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o several_a bastion_n and_o tower_n but_o all_o of_o wood_n it_o be_v a_o frontier-garison_n against_o the_o neighbour_a tartar_n and_o cossack_n and_o inhabit_v only_o by_o soldier_n who_o also_o serve_v for_o a_o convoy_n to_o the_o vessel_n pass_v this_o way_n up_o and_o down_o the_o river_n all_o about_o here_o and_o even_o as_o far_o as_o astrachan_n itself_o the_o country_n except_o the_o beforementioned_a island_n of_o zerpinsko_n which_o be_v twelve_o mile_n long_o and_o furnish_v the_o cattle_n belong_v to_o the_o garrison_n with_o grass_n the_o soil_n be_v so_o barren_a that_o it_o afford_v no_o manner_n of_o corn_n which_o defect_n however_o be_v easy_o supply_v by_o help_n of_o the_o river_n the_o fertile_a ground_n about_o casan_n furnish_v these_o part_n and_o even_o the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n with_o wheat_n at_o a_o very_a cheap_a rate_n about_o sixscore_o mile_n below_o the_o city_n of_o zariza_n the_o river_n wesowi_n near_o a_o small_a island_n of_o the_o same_o name_n fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n on_o the_o right_a side_n as_o do_v the_o river_n wolodinerski_n vtsga_n 30_o mile_n low_o
at_o forty_o mile_n distance_n from_o hence_o wolga_n the_o 〈◊〉_d branch_n oâ—_n the_o wolga_n the_o river_n wolga_n cast_v out_o its_o second_o branch_n on_o the_o left_a side_n call_v achtobenisna_n vtsga_n which_o afterward_o join_v with_o the_o branch_n call_v achtobska_n which_o we_o mention_v before_o from_o this_o place_n down_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n as_o far_o as_o astrachan_n there_o grow_v a_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o liquorice_n of_o a_o very_a large_a size_n liquorice_n liquorice_n its_o stalk_n be_v as_o thick_a as_o a_o lusty_a man_n arm_n and_o sometime_o above_o four_o foot_n high_a the_o seed_n lie_v in_o cod_n upon_o the_o stalk_n yet_o be_v this_o inferior_a both_o in_o bigness_n and_o sweetness_n to_o that_o which_o grow_v in_o asia_n near_o the_o river_n of_o araxes_n twenty_o mile_n low_a be_v the_o city_n of_o szornogar_n seat_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n upon_o a_o high_a shoar_n near_o a_o vast_a plain_n without_o any_o tree_n or_o eminency_n its_o form_n be_v foursquare_a fortify_v with_o wooden_a tower_n and_o rampart_n it_o serve_v for_o a_o frontier-garison_n against_o the_o tartar_n and_o cosacks_n about_o 120_o mile_n hence_o be_v the_o mountainâ—_n oâ—_n polowon_a so_o call_v because_o half_a way_n betwixt_o zariza_n beforementioned_a and_o astrachan_n not_o many_o mile_n low_a be_v a_o three_o branch_n of_o the_o volga_n volga_n three_o and_o four_o branch_n of_o the_o volga_n call_v buchwâ—stova_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o two_o precedent_n and_o twenty_o mile_n from_o thence_o the_o river_n wolga_n make_v a_o four_o branch_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o it_o call_v danitoska_n vtsga_n which_o do_v not_o mingle_v with_o any_o of_o the_o other_o three_o but_o disembogue_n by_o a_o particular_a channel_n into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n near_o 60_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n of_o astrachan_n wolga_n the_o five_o branch_n of_o the_o wolga_n be_v the_o five_o branch_n of_o the_o volga_n call_v mituska_n which_o at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o main_a river_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o two_o less_o branch_n the_o one_o be_v unite_v with_o the_o danilofska_n vtsga_n just_o now_o mention_v the_o other_o after_o have_v continue_v its_o course_n for_o some_o mile_n fall_v again_o into_o the_o main_a river_n five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n of_o astrachan_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o busan_n volga_n the_o six_o and_o seven_o branch_n of_o the_o volga_n ten_o mile_n below_o which_o be_v the_o six_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n call_v baltzick_n as_o be_v three_o mile_n low_a the_o seven_o call_v knilusse_n which_o make_v the_o isle_n of_o dilgoi_n within_o which_o the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n be_v seat_v and_o after_o have_v encompass_v this_o island_n it_o fall_v by_o several_a channel_n into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o utmost_a border_n betwixt_o europe_n and_o asia_n astrachan_n the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n in_o this_o place_n divide_v by_o the_o river_n volga_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o river_n side_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o dilgoi_n make_v there_o by_o the_o two_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o under_o the_o elevation_n of_o 26_o deg_fw-la 22_o min._n it_o be_v of_o a_o considerable_a bigness_n and_o now_o all_o inhabit_v by_o muscovite_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n be_v tartar_n who_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o live_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v 8000_o geometrical_a foot_n about_o but_o in_o the_o adjacent_a suburb_n which_o be_v fence_v in_o only_a with_o pallisadoe_n the_o fortification_n be_v all_o very_a high_a and_o of_o stone_n which_o at_o a_o distance_n make_v a_o very_a gallant_a appearance_n especial_o towards_o the_o riverside_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o turret_n and_o steeple_n of_o stone_n but_o the_o house_n within_o the_o city_n be_v all_o build_v of_o wood_n and_o very_o low_a its_o inside_n do_v not_o appear_v answerable_a to_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v account_v to_o be_v a_o great_a artillery_n in_o this_o place_n of_o 500_o brass_n cannon_n and_o mortar_n proportionable_a the_o garrison_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n common_o amount_v to_o 5000_o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o two_o weywode_n and_o other_o officer_n this_o city_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o two_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o world_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a commerce_n it_o be_v beside_o the_o muscovite_n frequent_v not_o only_o by_o the_o neighbour_a tartar_n but_o also_o by_o the_o persian_n armenian_n and_o indian_n the_o last_o of_o which_o have_v a_o particular_a place_n assign_v they_o within_o the_o city_n it_o be_v take_v by_o assault_n in_o the_o year_n 1554._o by_o the_o great_a duke_n john_n basilovit_n who_o have_v two_o year_n before_o conquer_v the_o tartar_n of_o casan_n turn_v his_o arm_n against_o those_o of_o nagaja_n then_o inhabit_v this_o city_n and_o the_o country_n round_o about_o it_o have_v secure_v his_o conquest_n over_o they_o by_o take_v their_o capital_a city_n he_o surround_v it_o with_o a_o strong_a wall_n and_o the_o czar_n michael_n federovit_n add_v to_o it_o beside_o some_o new_a fortification_n that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v call_v strâ—litzagorod_n or_o the_o city_n of_o soldier_n they_o have_v their_o quarter_n assign_v they_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o city_n but_o before_o we_o leave_v this_o kingdom_n it_o will_v not_o be_v beyond_o our_o purpose_n to_o give_v a_o short_a description_n both_o of_o the_o country_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v past_o all_o question_n that_o the_o tartar_n be_v unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n 〈…〉_o the_o â—_z of_o 〈…〉_o which_o be_v by_o they_o comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o scythian_n and_o sarmatian_n though_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o tartar_n consist_v of_o several_a nation_n distinguish_v in_o their_o name_n language_n and_o manner_n of_o life_n those_o of_o nagaja_n with_o the_o tartar_n of_o casan_n before_o mention_v and_o some_o other_o betwixt_o the_o river_n wolga_n and_o the_o don_n or_o tanais_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v indian_n who_o have_v revolt_v from_o their_o 〈◊〉_d do_v about_o the_o year_n 1212._o settle_v themselves_o near_o the_o euxine_a sea_n upon_o the_o palus_n meotides_n the_o place_n of_o habitation_n of_o the_o ancient_n getae_n from_o whence_o they_o extend_v their_o conquest_n first_o to_o the_o river_n don_n and_o from_o thence_o at_o last_o to_o the_o wolga_n near_o which_o they_o inhabit_v to_o this_o day_n those_o of_o nagaja_n of_o who_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v at_o present_a be_v seat_v betwixt_o the_o two_o river_n of_o wolga_n and_o jaika_n as_o far_o as_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n be_v their_o principal_a city_n build_v as_o they_o say_v by_o a_o tartar_n king_n who_o name_n be_v astra-chan_n give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o astrachan_n before_o this_o country_n be_v conquer_v by_o the_o muscovite_n it_o be_v inhabit_v altogether_o by_o tartar_n but_o now_o the_o latter_a be_v not_o permit_v to_o abide_v in_o the_o capital_a city_n or_o to_o build_v any_o new_a one_o nor_o to_o fortify_v their_o town_n or_o village_n with_o wall_n they_o live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o hut_n make_v of_o bulrush_n or_o cane_n live_v their_o manner_n of_o live_v which_o be_v common_o round_a seldom_o exceed_v twelve_o or_o thirteen_o english_a yard_n in_o compass_n on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o they_o have_v hole_n most_o like_a our_o chicken-coops_a serve_v they_o instead_o of_o chimney_n nevertheless_o the_o least_o of_o these_o hut_n have_v a_o falcon_n or_o hawk_n the_o tartar_n be_v great_a master_n in_o this_o sport_n the_o muscovite_n call_v these_o nagajan_n tartar_n polutski_n or_o vagabond_n as_o have_v no_o fix_v habitation_n in_o the_o summer_n when_o they_o ramble_v up_o and_o down_o according_a as_o they_o meet_v with_o the_o best_a conveniency_n for_o their_o cattle_n which_o beginning_n to_o fail_v in_o one_o place_n their_o hut_n be_v put_v into_o cart_n and_o their_o wife_n child_n and_o good_n upon_o camel_n horse_n or_o ox_n and_o so_o remove_v to_o another_o towards_o the_o winter_n they_o begin_v to_o reassemble_v and_o to_o live_v in_o several_a troop_n near_o astrachan_n where_o be_v furnish_v with_o arm_n by_o the_o muscovite_n which_o however_o after_o the_o frosty_a season_n be_v past_a they_o be_v oblige_v to_o redeliver_v not_o be_v otherwise_o permit_v to_o have_v any_o arm_n either_o defensive_a or_o offensive_a they_o stand_v upon_o their_o mutual_a defence_n against_o the_o malmuck_n tartar_n and_o those_o inhabit_v upon_o the_o river_n jaika_fw-mi they_o pay_v no_o tribute_n to_o the_o grand_a czar_n but_o be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v he_o
in_o his_o war_n they_o be_v govern_v by_o petty_a prince_n and_o judge_n of_o their_o own_o and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n by_o their_o own_o commander_n the_o great_a duke_n to_o secure_v their_o allegiance_n to_o he_o always_o keep_v some_o of_o their_o prince_n or_o myrse_n as_o hostage_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o astrachan_n they_o be_v general_o mahometan_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o of_o the_o same_o sect_n with_o the_o turk_n except_o some_o few_o that_o have_v receive_v the_o muscovian_a religion_n they_o be_v use_v to_o â—ow_o some_o of_o their_o child_n like_o the_o nazarite_n to_o god_n or_o some_o saint_n or_o other_o these_o be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o by_o a_o ring_n which_o the_o girl_n wear_v in_o their_o nostril_n the_o boy_n in_o the_o right_a ear._n they_o live_v upon_o what_o their_o cattle_n their_o hunt_n and_o fish_v supply_v they_o withal_o they_o make_v use_v of_o fish_n dry_v in_o the_o sun_n instead_o of_o bread_n though_o they_o make_v also_o cake_n of_o meal_n and_o rice_n among_o other_o thing_n they_o eat_v camel_n and_o horseflesh_n and_o mere_n be_v milk_n be_v in_o great_a esteem_n with_o they_o their_o drink_n be_v general_o milk_n and_o water_n though_o beside_o wine_n hydromel_n and_o aquavitae_n there_o be_v indifferent_a good_a beer_n at_o astrachan_n their_o cattle_n be_v of_o a_o very_a large_a size_n not_o unlike_a to_o that_o of_o poland_n their_o sheep_n have_v great_a fat_a tail_n weigh_v sometime_o thirty_o pound_n their_o ear_n hang_v down_o like_a to_o our_o dog_n in_o europe_n their_o horse_n be_v however_o but_o small_a and_o not_o well_o shape_v but_o very_o hardy_a and_o strong_a the_o tartar_n themselves_o be_v of_o a_o ill_a shape_n low_a and_o fat_a with_o large_a face_n and_o little_a eye_n of_o a_o olive_n colour_n full_a of_o wrinkle_n in_o their_o face_n they_o wear_v little_a beard_n and_o keep_v their_o head_n shave_v but_o the_o woman_n be_v much_o handsome_a their_o garment_n be_v a_o loose_a coat_n of_o some_o course_n cloth_n over_o which_o they_o wear_v a_o short_a sort_n of_o cloak_n of_o sheep's-skin_n the_o woolly_a side_n outward_o with_o a_o cap_n of_o the_o same_o upon_o their_o head_n which_o common_o be_v choose_v of_o a_o black_a colour_n the_o woman_n be_v clad_v in_o white_a linen_n cloth_n with_o plait_a coif_n upon_o their_o head_n on_o both_o side_n of_o which_o as_o a_o ornament_n hang_v a_o great_a many_o muscovian_a penny-piece_n the_o climate_n in_o those_o part_n be_v very_o hot_a the_o heat_n in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o october_n much_o exceed_v our_o dog-day_n notwithstanding_o which_o the_o winter_n which_o seldom_o exceed_v two_o month_n here_o be_v so_o cold_a that_o this_o large_a river_n be_v common_o freeze_v up_o and_o bear_v sledge_n the_o island_n of_o dolgoi_n upon_o which_o the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n be_v build_v be_v all_o over_o sandy_n and_o barren_a and_o except_o it_o be_v some_o garden_n and_o ground_n cultivate_v with_o particular_a care_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o astrachan_n produce_v nothing_o fit_a for_o sustenance_n the_o continent_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n exceed_v if_o possible_a the_o isle_n in_o barrenness_n but_o on_o the_o leave_v there_o be_v some_o very_a good_a pasture_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o wolga_n westward_o astrachan_n desert_n near_o astrachan_n towards_o the_o euxine_a sea_n lie_v a_o vast_a desert_n above_o 350_o mile_n long_o and_o to_o the_o south_n another_o near_a 400_o mile_n long_o stretch_v all_o along_o the_o caspian_a sea_n in_o these_o desert_n be_v neither_o city_n nor_o village_n nay_o not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o tree_n or_o hill_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v but_o one_o continue_v vast_a plain_n cover_v here_o and_o there_o with_o a_o little_a grass_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 300_o mile_n there_o be_v not_o any_o water_n to_o be_v meet_v withal_o but_o what_o the_o little_a river_n kisilar_n and_o some_o stand_a pool_n of_o salt_n water_n afford_v notwithstanding_o which_v these_o desert_n produce_v a_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o salt_n for_o within_o ten_o fifteen_o and_o thirty_o mile_n of_o astrachan_n salt-pit_n salt-pit_n there_o be_v large_a salt-vein_n which_o be_v congeal_v by_o the_o sun_n swim_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o thickness_n of_o a_o finger_n as_o fine_a and_o clear_a as_o rock_n crystal_n these_o salt-pit_n hereabout_o be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v mozakofski_n kainkowa_n and_o gwostofski_n and_o produce_v such_o abundance_n of_o salt_n that_o upon_o the_o spot_n one_o may_v have_v a_o hundred_o weight_n under_o two_o penny_n which_o be_v from_o thence_o carry_v to_o the_o wolga_n be_v transport_v into_o other_o part_n beside_o which_o the_o isle_n of_o dolgoi_n about_o astrachan_n and_o some_o other_o part_n of_o this_o province_n as_o also_o of_o circassia_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v in_o the_o next_o follow_v chapter_n be_v store_v with_o excellent_a fruit_n not_o yield_v either_o in_o beauty_n or_o taste_n to_o any_o nagaja_n the_o fruit_n of_o nagaja_n even_o not_o to_o those_o of_o persia_n and_o the_o indies_n their_o apple_n quince_n nut_n peach_n and_o melon_n exceed_v the_o rest_n in_o goodness_n but_o especial_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o melon_n who_o rind_n be_v of_o a_o lively_a green_a colour_n the_o meat_n carnation_n and_o the_o seed_n black_a be_v the_o most_o please_a both_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o palate_n and_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o very_a cheap_a rate_n two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v buy_v for_o a_o penny_n it_o be_v not_o above_o fourscore_o year_n ago_o since_o any_o grape_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o those_o part_n but_o the_o persian_n have_v bring_v some_o set_v thither_o which_o be_v first_o plant_v by_o a_o monk_n a_o german_a by_o birth_n in_o the_o garden_n belong_v to_o his_o convent_n situate_v in_o the_o suburb_n of_o astrachan_n this_o small_a stock_n have_v be_v since_o improve_v and_o increase_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o not_o only_o the_o walk_n and_o arbour_n of_o the_o garden_n but_o also_o about_o the_o house_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v plant_v with_o vine_n which_o grow_v to_o a_o extraordinary_a bigness_n there_o afford_v not_o only_o great_a store_n of_o grape_n for_o their_o present_a use_n but_o also_o a_o superplus_n for_o most_o excellent_a wine_n beside_o which_o near_o astrachan_n and_o all_o along_o the_o wolga_n there_o grow_v abundance_n of_o simple_n and_o very_o large_a the_o herb_n esula_fw-la be_v hereabout_o as_o high_a as_o a_o man_n angelica_n esula_fw-la and_o angelica_n and_o the_o root_n of_o angelica_n as_o big_a as_o a_o lusty_a man_n arm._n about_o 30_o mile_n beyond_o astrachan_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a fishing-place_n upon_o the_o river_n wolga_n which_o furnish_v that_o city_n with_o salmon_n sturgeon_n white_a fish_n and_o many_o other_o sort_n of_o delicious_a fish_n and_o the_o small_a island_n hereabout_o great_a variety_n of_o wild_a fowl_n and_o though_o the_o country_n hereabout_o be_v not_o very_o fertile_a in_o corn_n which_o in_o these_o part_n be_v tread_v out_o by_o ox_n and_o horse_n they_o be_v supply_v with_o that_o sufficient_o from_o about_o casan_n by_o the_o river_n all_o which_o make_v this_o city_n one_o of_o the_o most_o pleasant_a and_o convenient_a for_o its_o situation_n in_o europe_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n be_v about_o 60_o mile_n below_o astrachan_n wolga_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o wolga_n from_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n for_o the_o space_n of_o near_o 30_o mile_n into_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v scatter_v a_o great_a number_n of_o island_n very_o small_a but_o all_o cover_v with_o reed_n or_o cane_n which_o have_v occasion_v some_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o wolga_n have_v as_o many_o mouth_n as_o there_o be_v island_n hereabout_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v here_o very_o muddy_a and_o the_o water_n very_o shallow_a as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o promontory_n of_o suchator_n situate_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n from_o the_o wolga_n 100_o mile_n beyond_o astrachan_n and_o 200_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o city_n of_o terki_n of_o which_o more_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n the_o first_o place_n near_o which_o there_o be_v a_o tolerable_a harbour_n in_o the_o caspian_a sea_n about_o 40_o mile_n from_o this_o city_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o tzenzeni_n situate_v in_o 43_o degree_n 5_o min._n elevation_n it_o be_v length_n be_v from_o north-east_n to_o southeast_n about_o 15_o mile_n here_o be_v the_o first_o harbour_n of_o the_o caspian_a sea_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n from_o this_o island_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o continent_n towards_o the_o south-west_n high_a mountain_n reach_v up_o to_o the_o very_a cloud_n caucasus_n mount_v caucasus_n call_v
tzumtzume_v i_o declare_v myself_o for_o that_o religion_n but_o desire_v that_o i_o may_v die_v immediate_o be_v unwilling_a to_o live_v now_o without_o subject_n in_o a_o place_n where_o i_o be_v so_o powerful_a before_o essi_n have_v grant_v his_o request_n he_o die_v instant_o and_o his_o sepulchre_n remain_v here_o to_o be_v see_v to_o this_o day_n under_o a_o tree_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a bigness_n next_o adjoin_v to_o which_o be_v a_o scaffold_n erect_v of_o ten_o foot_n high_a and_o sixteen_o square_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o city_n be_v to_o be_v see_v some_o thousand_o of_o tomb_n cover_v with_o stone_n half_a round_n cylinder-wise_a but_o exceed_v the_o ordinary_a stature_n of_o man_n have_v all_o of_o they_o arabic_a inscription_n it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o former_a age_n yet_o since_o the_o time_n of_o mahomet_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a king_n in_o media_n name_v kassan_n who_o be_v engage_v in_o war_n against_o the_o tartar_n of_o dagesthan_n receive_v there_o a_o signal_n overthrow_n and_o cause_v the_o body_n of_o the_o officer_n kill_v in_o this_o battle_n to_o be_v bury_v in_o these_o tomb_n the_o relation_n seem_v to_o be_v not_o altogether_o fictitious_a there_o be_v near_o the_o seaside_n at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o rest_n forty_o other_o exceed_v the_o beforementioned_a tomb_n in_o bigness_n and_o encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n which_o have_v each_o its_o banner_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o sepulcher_n of_o so_o many_o lord_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o other_o holy_a man_n that_o come_v along_o with_o they_o where_o the_o persian_n and_o tartar_n of_o both_o sex_n come_v to_o pay_v their_o devotion_n by_o kiss_v these_o sepulcher_n and_o lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o they_o while_o they_o be_v at_o prayer_n but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o the_o tartarian_n under_o the_o grand_a czar_n obedience_n and_o among_o they_o to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o province_n of_o siberia_n this_o province_n which_o lie_v quite_o northward_o from_o muscovy_n siberia_n siberia_n betwixt_o the_o province_n of_o obdora_n and_o jugoria_n border_v towards_o the_o north_n upon_o the_o samojede_n be_v of_o a_o great_a extent_n but_o not_o very_o populous_a be_v inhabit_v by_o tartar_n it_o be_v capital_a city_n be_v also_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n be_v tobol_n build_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n near_o a_o small_a river_n and_o except_o some_o muscovite_n inhabit_v by_o tartar_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o calmuck_n tartar_n be_v the_o city_n of_o daour_n and_o far_o beyond_o tobol_n be_v chnesortski_n the_o chief_a place_n of_o commerce_n in_o the_o whole_a province_n for_o sables_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o sir_n the_o product_n of_o this_o country_n the_o native_n be_v a_o poor_a and_o wretched_a sort_n of_o people_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o have_v in_o some_o part_n good_a corn_n field_n and_o great_a store_n of_o fish_n but_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o precious_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n beside_o other_o fur_n be_v the_o skin_n of_o sable_n these_o animal_n they_o catch_v either_o with_o trap_n not_o unlike_a to_o those_o we_o catch_v our_o rat_n with_o or_o by_o spread_v of_o net_n under_o the_o tree_n where_o they_o feed_v which_o be_v cut_v down_o they_o be_v entangle_v in_o the_o net_n in_o the_o winter_n they_o have_v also_o a_o way_n of_o hunt_v they_o with_o dog_n they_o be_v former_o pagan_n be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o czar_n or_o king_n till_o near_o 150_o year_n ago_o they_o be_v subdue_v by_o czar_n jobn_n basilovit_n in_o the_o follow_a manner_n a_o certain_a famous_a pirate_n among_o the_o cosack_n live_v near_o the_o river_n wolga_n who_o name_n be_v jormack_n timorhof_n have_v take_v a_o ship_n load_v with_o ammunition_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o czar_n be_v for_o fear_v of_o be_v pursue_v and_o discover_v flee_v for_o shelter_n into_o a_o certain_a island_n near_o the_o river_n kama_n which_o come_v from_o permia_n one_o of_o the_o northern_a province_n of_o muscovy_n fall_v below_o casan_n into_o the_o river_n wolga_n this_o island_n belong_v then_o to_o a_o certain_a muscovian_a merchant_n he_o propose_v to_o he_o no_o less_o than_o the_o conquest_n of_o some_o of_o those_o tartarian_a country_n lie_v more_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o be_v furnish_v by_o he_o with_o arm_n ammunition_n and_o other_o necessary_n he_o with_o about_o five_o or_o six_o hundred_o of_o his_o follower_n go_v up_o the_o river_n tagit_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o river_n tura_fw-la where_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o a_o small_a island_n call_v japouchin_n he_o march_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o city_n of_o tumen_n which_o he_o also_o take_v without_o much_o opposition_n be_v flush_v with_o this_o success_n he_o direct_v his_o march_n straight_o way_n to_o tobol_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n and_o then_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o siberian_a king_n where_o have_v also_o meet_v with_o very_o little_a resistance_n he_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o the_o place_n but_o be_v not_o content_v with_o thiâ—_n extraordinary_a success_n and_o propose_v to_o himself_o no_o less_o than_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n he_o lose_v soon_o after_o both_o his_o life_n and_o conquest_n for_o have_v pursue_v the_o fly_a enemy_n a_o great_a way_n beyond_o the_o city_n of_o tobol_n all_o along_o the_o river_n irtish_fw-mi 300_o of_o his_o man_n who_o he_o have_v send_v out_o on_o purpose_n to_o atrack_v the_o enemy_n at_o a_o certain_a pass_n be_v draw_v into_o a_o ambush_n be_v all_o kill_v upon_o the_o spot_n so_o that_o jormack_n with_o the_o rest_n be_v about_o 200_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v into_o a_o small_a island_n there_o about_o where_o he_o entrench_v himself_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v but_o the_o tartar_n have_v by_o their_o late_a victory_n get_v new_a courage_n and_o be_v inform_v of_o what_o number_n of_o man_n he_o have_v with_o he_o attack_v he_o by_o night_n where_o he_o with_o all_o his_o follower_n except_z 40_o who_o find_v mean_n to_o get_v into_o muscovy_n be_v either_o drown_v or_o cut_v to_o piece_n the_o remnant_n of_o jormack_n party_n be_v at_o last_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o have_v give_v to_o the_o czar_n a_o relation_n of_o what_o have_v pass_v in_o siberia_n it_o be_v think_v advisable_a to_o give_v they_o some_o force_n thereby_o to_o enable_v they_o to_o try_v their_o fortune_n a_o second_o time_n have_v therefore_o obtain_v 600_o man_n with_o ammunition_n and_o other_o necessary_n suitable_a to_o such_o a_o expedition_n they_o march_v direct_o towards_o the_o city_n of_o tobol_n the_o metropolis_n and_o residence_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o siberia_n and_o have_v a_o second_o time_n possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o without_o much_o opposition_n they_o take_v quite_o other_o measure_n to_o secure_v their_o conquest_n from_o what_o jormack_n have_v do_v before_o for_o they_o so_o strong_o fortify_v themselves_o there_o that_o they_o soon_o be_v beyond_o all_o apprehension_n of_o be_v attack_v by_o the_o tartar_n and_o be_v afterward_o reinforce_v with_o new_a supply_n of_o man_n and_o other_o necessary_n by_o their_o frequent_a incursion_n so_o fatigue_v the_o neighbour_a tartar_n that_o they_o be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o submit_v themselves_o under_o the_o czar_n protection_n though_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o necessity_n of_o vend_v their_o sable_n and_o other_o fur_n to_o the_o muscovite_n may_v be_v their_o chief_a motive_n of_o surrender_v themselves_o under_o the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n subjection_n since_o which_o time_n the_o muscovite_n have_v build_v in_o these_o part_n several_a city_n fortify_v after_o the_o russiian_a fashion_n and_o much_o improve_v other_o as_o narim_n and_o the_o great_a city_n of_o tooina_fw-la on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n oby_n the_o castle_n of_o comgoscoi_fw-fr upon_o the_o river_n telta_fw-mi and_o other_o since_o the_o conquest_n of_o siberia_n it_o be_v chief_o to_o the_o muscovite_n we_o be_v behold_v for_o the_o particular_a discovery_n they_o have_v make_v of_o that_o vast_a extent_n of_o the_o northern_a country_n that_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o river_n oby_n which_o traverse_n this_o province_n and_o have_v be_v mention_v before_o and_o the_o famous_a chinese_n wall_n which_o divide_v that_o famous_a empire_n from_o the_o grand_a tartary_n for_o the_o muscovite_n have_v once_o be_v make_v sensible_a of_o the_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o precious_a fur_n as_o the_o sable_n martin_n and_o black_a fox_n those_o country_n afford_v and_o the_o vast_a profit_n that_o must_v needs_o arise_v to_o their_o own_o country_n by_o engross_a the_o traffic_n of_o those_o commodity_n have_v leave_v no_o stone_n unturned_a not_o only_o to_o make_v the_o best_a discovery_n they_o can_v
have_v which_o they_o prefer_v before_o our_o sugar_n spice_n or_o vinegar_n which_o they_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o refuse_v as_o they_o also_o show_v more_o satisfaction_n in_o their_o ordinary_a food_n of_o seadog_n calf_n reen_n fox_n house-dog_n and_o fish_n but_o especial_o stockfish_n than_o in_o any_o of_o our_o dish_n the_o swart_a colour_n of_o these_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o cold_a climate_n in_o the_o world_n may_v very_o well_o furnish_v we_o with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o make_v a_o digression_n here_o in_o contradiction_n of_o what_o be_v affirm_v by_o pliny_n to_o wit_n 78._o lib._n 2._o c._n 78._o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n burn_v the_o skin_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o cold_a whiten_n it_n if_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v not_o at_o present_a beyond_o our_o scope_n wherefore_o we_o will_v pursue_v the_o tract_n of_o our_o history_n and_o give_v a_o short_a description_n of_o livonia_n the_o country_n of_o livonia_n or_o liefland_n livonia_n livonia_n border_n on_o the_o east_n upon_o muscovy_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o sweden_n and_o finland_n by_o a_o gulf_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n call_v by_o the_o latin_n sinus_n livonicus_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o south_n samogitia_n lithuania_n and_o prussia_n it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n be_v near_o 600_o english_a mile_n long_o and_o 200_o broad_a it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n to_o wit_n into_o esthonie_n lettie_n and_o courland_n the_o first_o of_o these_o province_n be_v subdivide_v into_o five_o circuit_n call_v hanie_n wirland_n allentaken_v jerwe_v and_o wieck_n its_o metropolis_n be_v revel_v as_o riga_n of_o the_o province_n of_o lettie_n and_o goldingen_n be_v the_o capital_a of_o courland_n the_o city_n of_o revel_n revel_n the_o city_n of_o revel_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o esthonie_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n at_o 50_o degr_n 25_o min._n latitude_n and_o 48_o degr_n 30_o min._n longitude_n it_o have_v for_o its_o founder_n waldemar_n or_o wolmar_n ii_o king_n of_o denmark_n who_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1230._o but_o king_n wolmar_n iii_o sell_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1347._o with_o some_o other_o city_n in_o that_o country_n to_o goswin_n d'_fw-fr eck_n the_o then_o master_n of_o the_o livonian_a order_n of_o knight_n the_o muscovite_n have_v for_o above_o these_o hundred_o year_n pass_v be_v very_o ambitious_a to_o unite_v not_o only_o this_o city_n but_o also_o the_o whole_a livonia_n with_o the_o russian_a empire_n which_o have_v occasion_v several_a war_n not_o only_o betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o livonian_a knight_n but_o also_o with_o the_o swede_n after_o this_o city_n have_v put_v itself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o eric_n king_n of_o sweden_n near_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n ago_o this_o city_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o two_o memorable_a sieges_n it_o hold_v out_o against_o the_o muscovite_n the_o first_o in_o the_o year_n 1570._o the_o second_o in_o the_o year_n 1577._o both_o which_o the_o muscovite_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v with_o great_a loss_n the_o city_n be_v fortify_v according_a to_o the_o modern_a way_n but_o its_o chief_a strength_n lie_v in_o its_o castle_n which_o be_v most_o advantageous_o situate_v upon_o a_o rock_n steepy_a on_o all_o side_n render_v it_o almost_o unaccessible_a except_o towards_o the_o city_n where_o it_o be_v defend_v by_o very_o good_a work_n it_o have_v a_o most_o excellent_a haven_n fit_v rather_o by_o nature_n than_o art_n for_o the_o convenience_n of_o trade_n especial_o with_o muscovy_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a town_n belong_v to_o the_o hanseatick_a league_n and_o have_v for_o some_o year_n in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o city_n of_o lubeck_n the_o direction_n of_o the_o college_n belong_v to_o the_o hanseatick_a town_n in_o the_o city_n of_o novogorod_n veliki_n it_o be_v very_o flourish_v in_o its_o commerce_n from_o the_o year_n 1477._o till_o the_o year_n 1550._o when_v have_v break_v with_o the_o other_o hanseatick_a town_n the_o muscovite_n soon_o after_o take_v the_o city_n of_o narva_n and_o establish_v there_o the_o trade_n they_o have_v before_o in_o this_o city_n notwithstanding_o which_o it_o enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n the_o privilege_n of_o be_v a_o mart_n which_o have_v be_v confirm_v to_o they_o by_o several_a treaty_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o swede_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o year_n 1595._o at_o teusma_n in_o the_o year_n 1607._o at_o wibourg_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1617._o at_o stolvova_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n their_o wing_n have_v be_v clip_v of_o late_a year_n as_o to_o several_a privilege_n grant_v to_o they_o former_o by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o livonian_a order_n and_o be_v since_o look_v upon_o as_o dangerous_a to_o the_o prerogative_n of_o their_o sovereign_n the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n be_v here_o like_v in_o most_o other_o commonwealth_n that_o profess_v the_o protestant_a religion_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n of_o the_o ausburg_n confession_n administer_v by_o a_o consistory_n and_o a_o superintendent_n and_o their_o civil_a constitution_n come_v very_o near_o to_o a_o democratical_a state_n the_o magistrate_n have_v no_o power_n to_o transact_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o several_a profession_n and_o in_o matter_n of_o extraordinary_a consequence_n not_o without_o summon_v every_o freeman_n of_o the_o city_n within_o half_a a_o league_n of_o it_o towards_o the_o seaside_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o stately_a monastery_n about_o 200_o year_n ago_o dedicate_v to_o st._n bridget_n by_o a_o very_a wealthy_a merchant_n of_o this_o city_n the_o only_a thing_n remarkable_a here_o be_v a_o book_n compose_v of_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o monastery_n intimate_v that_o the_o religious_a man_n and_o woman_n for_o it_o consist_v of_o both_o of_o this_o monastery_n have_v be_v so_o ingenious_a even_o in_o those_o day_n as_o to_o have_v find_v out_o a_o way_n to_o make_v themselves_o to_o be_v understand_v by_o one_o another_o by_o certain_a sign_n without_o the_o help_n of_o word_n the_o next_o city_n of_o note_n in_o the_o province_n of_o esthonie_n narva_n narva_n be_v narva_n situate_v in_o the_o circuit_n of_o allentaken_v at_o 60_o degree_n elevation_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n narva_n or_o nerva_n which_o have_v its_o rise_n in_o the_o lake_n pripis_fw-la fall_v with_o a_o very_a swift_a current_n into_o the_o gulf_n of_o finland_n about_o ten_o mile_n below_o this_o city_n near_o three_o mile_n above_o it_o there_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a cataract_n or_o water-fall_a which_o oblige_v the_o ship_n that_o come_v down_o the_o river_n from_o plescou_n and_o other_o place_n to_o narva_n to_o unlade_v their_o merchandize_n near_o that_o place_n this_o town_n which_o be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o exceed_v strong_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o adjacent_a castle_n be_v say_v to_o be_v build_v as_o well_o as_o the_o city_n of_o revel_n by_o wolmar_n ii_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1558._o besiege_v and_o take_v by_o john_n basilovit_n great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n but_o recover_v by_o the_o swede_n in_o the_o year_n 1581._o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o pontus_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr garde_n the_o swedish_n general_n under_o who_o jurisdiction_n it_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n it_o have_v for_o many_o year_n pass_v enjoy_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o the_o other_o hanseatick_a town_n and_o be_v in_o the_o last_o age_n a_o place_n of_o very_o good_a traffic_n till_o the_o muscovian_a trade_n be_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a transfer_v to_o archangel_n and_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o swede_n destroy_v its_o commerce_n during_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o the_o dutch_a in_o oliver_n cromwel_n time_n the_o commerce_n to_o archangel_n be_v interrupt_v there_o begin_v to_o be_v a_o prospect_n of_o revive_v the_o trade_n into_o muscovy_n abundance_n of_o ship_n make_v use_n of_o this_o harbour_n for_o that_o purpose_n at_o that_o time_n so_o that_o the_o haven_n be_v repair_v and_o several_a new_a addition_n be_v make_v to_o the_o town_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o stranger_n it_o have_v two_o castle_n belong_v to_o it_o one_o on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o opposite_a shoar_n in_o a_o peninsula_n make_v by_o the_o river_n nerva_n it_o be_v call_v ivanovogorod_n and_o be_v build_v there_o by_o the_o muscovite_n upon_o a_o rock_n so_o inaccessible_a that_o it_o be_v judge_v impregnable_a and_o be_v not_o take_v by_o the_o swede_n till_o in_o the_o year_n 1617._o when_v gustavus_n adolphus_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o at_o the_o
foot_n of_o this_o castle_n be_v another_o small_a town_n or_o rather_o suburb_n call_v narva_n muscovite_n be_v inhabit_v by_o muscovite_n but_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o swedish_n governor_n of_o the_o castle_n betwixt_o revel_v and_o narva_n there_o be_v in_o the_o wood_n bear_n and_o wolf_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a bigness_n which_o during_o the_o winter-season_n do_v abundance_n of_o mischief_n to_o the_o peasant_n there_o be_v in_o narva_n to_o be_v see_v the_o skin_n of_o a_o wolf_n of_o a_o prodigious_a size_n which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v kill_v six_o peasant_n out_o of_o twelve_o he_o meet_v upon_o the_o road_n before_o he_o be_v kill_v himself_o they_o fasten_v common_o a_o great_a stick_n to_o their_o sled_n which_o noise_n they_o believe_v frighten_v the_o wolf_n and_o make_v they_o run_v away_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o second_o province_n in_o livonia_n riga_n riga_n which_o be_v call_v lettie_n be_v the_o city_n of_o riga_n it_o be_v origin_n be_v somewhat_o doubtful_a both_o as_o to_o the_o time_n and_o the_o true_a name_n of_o its_o first_o founder_n some_o have_v ascribe_v it_o to_o albert_n the_o three_o bishop_n of_o livonia_n in_o the_o year_n 1196._o other_o to_o one_o bertold_v of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o white_a friar_n abbot_n of_o locken_n in_o the_o country_n of_o shovenburgh_n in_o the_o diocese_n of_o mindea_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1189_o and_o to_o have_v make_v it_o a_o bishop_n seat_n but_o it_o be_v beyond_o question_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1215_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o archbishopric_n and_o make_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o livonia_n prussia_n and_o courland_n this_o occasion_v afterward_o great_a jarâ—ngs_n betwixt_o the_o livonian_a knight_n and_o that_o archbishop_n as_o also_o betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n in_o prussia_n concern_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o place_n which_o be_v at_o several_a time_n divide_v betwixt_o they_o till_o the_o reformation_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o their_o further_a difference_n by_o take_v from_o they_o all_o the_o authority_n they_o former_o have_v in_o this_o city_n it_o surrender_v itself_o by_o a_o voluntary_a rendition_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1561_o during_o the_o war_n the_o muscovite_n make_v in_o livonia_n about_o that_o time_n since_o which_o it_o be_v twice_o but_o in_o vain_a besiege_v by_o charles_n duke_n of_o sudermannia_n uncle_n to_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o sweden_n after_o he_o have_v get_v into_o possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n but_o gustavus_n adolphus_n take_v it_o at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 1621._o by_o composition_n after_o a_o siege_n of_o six_o week_n and_o the_o swede_n remain_v ever_o since_o in_o possession_n of_o it_o for_o though_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o truce_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o sweden_n in_o the_o year_n 1635_o the_o same_o be_v not_o grant_v to_o the_o swede_n any_o long_a than_o till_o the_o peace_n they_o be_v according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o these_o two_o crown_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o oliva_n near_o dantzick_n in_o the_o year_n 1666_o wherein_o john_n casimir_n king_n of_o poland_n also_o resign_v his_o pretention_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n put_v into_o the_o entire_a possession_n of_o this_o city_n and_o the_o whole_a livonia_n it_o be_v situate_a upon_o the_o river_n dune_n which_o about_o ten_o or_o twelve_o mile_n from_o hence_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o be_v near_o this_o city_n above_o a_o mile_n broad_a in_o a_o very_a spacious_a and_o pleasant_a valley_n it_o be_v well_o fortify_v on_o the_o landside_n to_o wit_n with_o six_o regular_a bastion_n and_o as_o many_o half_a moon_n the_o counterscarp_n be_v pallisadoe_v it_o be_v very_o populous_a because_o of_o the_o extraordinary_a concourse_n of_o people_n that_o flock_v hither_o both_o in_o winter_n and_o summer_n on_o the_o account_n of_o commerce_n which_o while_o the_o baltic_a sea_n be_v navigable_a be_v carry_v on_o with_o the_o english_a dutch_a and_o hanseatick_a town_n and_o when_o the_o frost_n and_o snow_n have_v fit_v the_o road_n and_o river_n for_o sled_n with_o the_o muscovite_n all_o sort_n of_o provision_n be_v extreme_o cheap_a here_o but_o especial_o venison_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o peasant_n have_v a_o privilege_n hereabout_o to_o hunt_n at_o pleasure_n the_o lutheran_n be_v the_o establish_a religion_n here_o with_o exclusion_n of_o all_o other_o whether_o protestant_n catholic_n or_o muscovite_n the_o high-dutch_a and_o stavonian_a language_n be_v equal_o understand_v by_o most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o the_o high-dutch_a be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o principal_a not_o only_o all_o people_n of_o any_o fashion_n both_o in_o speak_v and_o write_v but_o also_o the_o magistrate_n in_o his_o public_a act_n and_o the_o minister_n in_o their_o sermon_n make_v use_v of_o it_o except_o it_o be_v in_o two_o particular_a church_n where_o sermon_n be_v make_v in_o the_o slavonian_a and_o courland_n language_n for_o such_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n as_o perhaps_o do_v not_o so_o exact_o understand_v the_o high-dutch_a tongue_n the_o next_o city_n in_o rank_n be_v call_v derpt_v or_o torpat_v derpt_v derpt_v it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o livonia_n upon_o the_o river_n eimbec_n between_o the_o two_o lake_n of_o worzero_n and_o peipis_fw-la the_o remnant_n of_o its_o ancient_a building_n show_v it_o to_o have_v be_v none_o of_o the_o least_o considerable_a in_o those_o part_n before_o the_o frequent_a revolution_n which_o happen_v in_o this_o country_n during_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n pole_n and_o swede_n have_v render_v its_o condition_n much_o decline_v from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o former_a age_n it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o muscovite_n jupogorod_n who_o be_v possess_v of_o it_o till_o the_o year_n 1230_o when_o it_o be_v take_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n who_o make_v it_o also_o the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n in_o the_o year_n 1558_o john_n basilovit_n grand_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n have_v unexpected_o advance_v with_o a_o army_n near_o to_o the_o city_n strike_v such_o a_o consternation_n into_o its_o inhabitant_n that_o without_o strike_v one_o blow_n they_o surrender_v to_o the_o grand_a duke_n but_o the_o year_n 1571_o prove_v most_o fatal_a to_o this_o city_n for_o one_o reinold_n rose_n a_o gentleman_n of_o livonia_n have_v lay_v a_o design_n to_o put_v the_o city_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o magnus_n duke_n of_o helstein_n and_o be_v discover_v before_o it_o can_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n the_o citizen_n pay_v dear_o for_o it_o the_o muscovite_n exercise_v all_o manner_n of_o cruelty_n upon_o 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in_o germany_n to_o this_o province_n also_o belong_v the_o city_n of_o parnau_n parnau_n parnau_n have_v receive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n parnau_n or_o pornou_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o new_a and_o old_a town_n and_o be_v former_o a_o member_n of_o the_o hanseatick_a league_n but_o its_o trade_n be_v much_o decay_v of_o late_a year_n the_o only_a thing_n they_o now_o deal_v in_o be_v wheat_n it_o be_v not_o very_o big_a but_o have_v a_o pretty_a good_a castle_n build_v of_o wood_n after_o the_o muscovian_a fashion_n the_o river_n pornou_n rise_v out_o of_o a_o great_a forest_n near_o the_o castle_n of_o weissenstein_n situate_v upon_o the_o little_a river_n become_v and_o be_v in_o its_o passage_n augment_v by_o the_o two_o river_n fela_n and_o perukeja_n exonerate_v its_o self_n into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n not_o far_o below_o this_o city_n it_o
also_o it_o be_v their_o custom_n at_o their_o wedding_n feast_n never_o to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o any_o creature_n that_o be_v geld_v in_o their_o funeral_n rite_n funeral_n their_o funeral_n they_o observe_v this_o method_n they_o dress_v the_o corpse_n of_o their_o decease_a friend_n in_o their_o best_a clothes_n with_o shoe_n and_o stocking_n and_o have_v set_v it_o upright_a in_o a_o chair_n the_o next_o relation_n make_v a_o ring_n about_o it_o drink_v very_o hearty_o when_o the_o liquor_n be_v out_o they_o begin_v to_o lament_v their_o decease_a friend_n alas_o say_v they_o why_o will_v thou_o die_v do_v thou_o want_v either_o victual_n or_o drink_v why_o will_v thou_o die_v then_o alas_o have_v thou_o not_o a_o handsome_a wife_n why_o will_v thou_o die_v then_o thus_o run_v through_o every_o particular_a thing_n possess_v by_o the_o decease_a in_o his_o life-time_n they_o ask_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o conclude_v why_o will_v thou_o die_v they_o be_v very_o 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form_n of_o prayer_n which_o they_o mutter_v out_o before_o they_o enter_v the_o house_n they_o invite_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o decease_a to_o come_v and_o take_v part_n with_o they_o whilst_o they_o be_v at_o table_n there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n to_o be_v speak_v neither_o do_v they_o make_v use_n of_o knife_n they_o be_v attend_v by_o two_o woman_n who_o divide_v the_o victual_n among_o the_o guest_n but_o also_o without_o knife_n each_o of_o the_o guest_n throw_v something_o of_o his_o victual_n as_o also_o some_o of_o the_o liquor_n under_o the_o table_n which_o they_o believe_v be_v the_o food_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o decease_a if_o any_o thing_n happen_v to_o fall_v under_o the_o table_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v up_o this_o be_v to_o be_v leave_v for_o the_o food_n of_o such_o soul_n as_o be_v destitute_a of_o friend_n or_o be_v otherwise_o unable_a to_o feast_n thâ—m_n after_o their_o death_n the_o feast_n be_v over_o the_o priest_n be_v the_o first_o that_o rise_v from_o the_o table_n and_o have_v sweep_v all_o the_o dust_n out_o the_o door_n with_o a_o bâ—oom_n retire_v say_v he_o belove_a soul_n you_o have_v be_v sufficient_o feed_v with_o victual_n and_o drink_v retire_v belove_a soul_n from_o this_o house_n then_o it_o be_v that_o the_o guest_n begin_v first_o to_o speak_v and_o to_o let_v the_o cup_n go_v brisk_o round_a the_o man_n drink_v to_o the_o woman_n in_o remembrance_n of_o their_o dead_a friend_n and_o the_o woman_n answer_v the_o man_n with_o the_o same_o freedom_n till_o they_o all_o begin_v to_o be_v mellow_a when_o they_o part_v with_o kiss_v one_o another_o all_o round_a chap._n vii_o of_o the_o crim_n and_o precopian_a tartar_n and_o the_o cosack_n betwixt_o the_o two_o tartarian_a kingdom_n of_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n tartar_n crim_n tartar_n subject_n to_o the_o grand_a czar_n of_o muscovy_n all_o along_o the_o river_n volga_n up_o to_o the_o don_n or_o tanais_n be_v great_a desert_n which_o be_v not_o so_o 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upon_o the_o circassian_n tartar_n northwest_n upon_o podolia_n and_o luthuania_n and_o towards_o the_o south_n upon_o moldavia_n and_o wallachia_n these_o tartar_n have_v be_v for_o several_a age_n last_o pass_v very_a redoubtable_n both_o to_o the_o muscovite_n and_o pole_n who_o have_v be_v often_o oblige_v to_o stop_v their_o fury_n by_o present_n not_o much_o differ_v from_o a_o annual_a tribute_n and_o be_v at_o this_o time_n vigorous_o attack_v by_o his_o present_a czarish_n majesty_n who_o have_v gain_v great_a advantage_n over_o they_o they_o may_v very_o well_o deserve_v a_o place_n in_o this_o treatise_n the_o taurica_n charsonesus_n be_v ancient_o inhabit_v by_o the_o tauri_n chersonesus_n taurica_n chersonesus_n who_o give_v it_o its_o name_n these_o be_v succeed_v by_o the_o greek_n who_o plant_v here_o their_o colony_n but_o about_o 450_o year_n ago_o some_o tartarian_a horde_n inhabit_v near_o the_o caspian_a sea_n have_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o intestine_a war_n 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of_o stone_n and_o brick_n and_o be_v former_o the_o seat_n of_o their_o chan_n from_o whence_o these_o tartar_n receive_v first_o their_o name_n as_o they_o be_v afterward_o call_v precopians_n from_o the_o city_n of_o precop_n which_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o eastern_a side_n of_o the_o isthmus_n the_o tartar_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v not_o very_o large_a consist_v only_o of_o 400_o or_o 500_o house_n it_o be_v call_v precop_n from_o the_o sclavonian_a word_n precap_n which_o signify_v a_o ditch_n or_o trench_n because_o it_o be_v build_v just_a within_o the_o trench_n of_o the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n which_o be_v make_v across_o the_o isthmus_n opposite_a to_o this_o on_o the_o western_a side_n be_v the_o city_n of_o coslow_n situate_v upon_o a_o cape_n of_o the_o chersonesus_n extend_v to_o the_o exin_n sea_n it_o have_v about_o 2000_o house_n and_o be_v a_o place_n of_o good_a trade_n and_o about_o five_o or_o six_o day_n journey_n from_o azoph_n further_o westward_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n or_o nieper_n near_o the_o euxin_n sea_n lie_v the_o city_n of_o oczacow_n have_v a_o strong_a castle_n it_o former_o belong_v to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n but_o be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o the_o precopian_a tartar_n who_o inhabit_v here_o yet_o so_o as_o to_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n who_o always_o keep_v some_o galley_n here_o to_o keep_v a_o watchful_a eye_n over_o the_o neighbour_a cosack_n it_o be_v near_o 200_o mile_n distant_a from_o precop_n baciasaray_v be_v the_o town_n where_o the_o chan_n keep_v his_o ordinary_a residence_n and_o court_n it_o contain_v about_o 2000_o house_n beside_o which_o he_o have_v another_o palace_n call_v almasaray_v where_o he_o divert_v himself_o sometime_o it_o be_v only_o a_o village_n contain_v not_o above_o 60_o or_o 70_o house_n the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n be_v in_o some_o part_n full_a of_o hill_n and_o wood_n but_o in_o other_o have_v very_o fertile_a plain_n 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stand_v in_o need_n of_o from_o the_o city_n of_o caffa_n these_o slave_n be_v transport_v to_o constantinople_n synope_n trebisord_n and_o other_o place_n in_o the_o levant_n among_o all_o the_o slave_n take_v by_o these_o tartar_n the_o polish_v woman_n be_v in_o great_a esteem_n these_o be_v not_o only_o transport_v to_o constantinople_n and_o persia_n but_o sometime_o to_o the_o indies_n to_o be_v entertain_v in_o the_o seraglio_n of_o these_o prince_n former_o the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n use_v to_o drive_v a_o considerable_a trade_n in_o these_o part_n the_o chief_a strength_n of_o their_o force_n be_v conspire_v of_o such_o as_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v prisoner_n either_o in_o russia_n podolia_n muscovy_n and_o circassia_n but_o since_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o warlike_a empire_n by_o selim_n the_o turkish_a emperor_n this_o trade_n into_o egypt_n be_v quite_o lose_v the_o crim_n or_o precopian_a tartar_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o middle_a size_n describe_v the_o crim_n or_o precopian_a tartar_n describe_v strong_a and_o well_o set_v in_o their_o limb_n they_o have_v short_a neck_n large_a and_o broad_a face_n with_o very_o small_a eye_n but_o very_o black_a and_o lively_a and_o have_v some_o other_o feature_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o by_o which_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o distinguish_v from_o other_o nation_n they_o be_v inure_v to_o all_o sort_n of_o hardship_n from_o their_o infancy_n their_o mother_n be_v use_v to_o bathe_v they_o once_o a_o dayat_n lest_o in_o cold_a water_n wherein_o a_o little_a salt_n be_v dissolve_v to_o make_v they_o hardy_a and_o render_v their_o body_n proof_n against_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o air._n no_o soon_o be_v they_o out_o of_o their_o mother_n tution_n but_o their_o father_n by_o degree_n bring_v they_o to_o shoot_v with_o the_o bow_n which_o they_o do_v with_o great_a dexterity_n and_o at_o the_o age_n of_o twelve_o or_o fifteen_o make_v they_o go_v along_o with_o they_o in_o the_o war_n the_o 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equipage_n all_o which_o they_o have_v of_o the_o armenian_a merchant_n or_o else_o take_v from_o their_o neighbour_a nation_n where_o they_o make_v their_o inroad_n for_o the_o rest_n they_o use_v nothing_o but_o wooden_a saddle_n their_o arm_n be_v common_o a_o scymiter_n a_o bow_n and_o quiver_n furnish_v with_o twenty_o or_o more_o arrow_n these_o as_o well_o as_o their_o saddle_n they_o make_v themselves_o their_o bowstring_n be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o horse_n the_o quiver_n cover_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o same_o beast_n they_o make_v also_o the_o best_a whip_n in_o the_o world_n our_o whip-maker_n in_o europe_n have_v hitherto_o not_o be_v able_a to_o come_v near_o they_o in_o twist_v of_o whip_n beside_o their_o arm_n they_o always_o carry_v about_o they_o a_o knife_n which_o serve_v to_o mend_v their_o bridle_n and_o saddle_n if_o any_o thing_n happen_v to_o be_v amiss_o a_o tinderbox_n to_o strike_v fire_n and_o a_o compass_n to_o direct_v they_o in_o their_o march_n through_o the_o desert_n and_o wilderness_n where_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o tract_n of_o any_o road._n their_o horse_n horse_n their_o horse_n which_o they_o call_v bachmat_n be_v very_o ill-shaped_a be_v very_o long_o and_o thin_a with_o long_a manes_n and_o tail_n but_o what_o they_o want_v in_o shape_n they_o make_v up_o in_o swiftness_n and_o hardiness_n be_v in_o both_o these_o point_n together_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o in_o the_o world_n they_o common_o undergo_v the_o fatigue_n of_o a_o long_a day_n journey_n without_o the_o least_o food_n they_o be_v continual_o keep_v abroad_o both_o winter_n and_o summer_n and_o when_o they_o be_v upon_o a_o expedition_n these_o beast_n will_v live_v upon_o what_o they_o can_v pick_v out_o from_o under_o the_o snow_n or_o upon_o the_o moss_n bark_n or_o small_a branch_n of_o tree_n or_o upon_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o they_o light_v on_o in_o their_o way_n their_o chief_a man_n make_v use_v of_o arabian_a and_o turkish_a horse_n wear_v under_o their_o cosaques_n coat_n of_o mail_n and_o use_v very_o good_a equipage_n their_o chan_n especial_o be_v most_o magnificent_a in_o his_o horse_n and_o equipage_n keep_v a_o very_a good_a table_n and_o live_v as_o to_o all_o other_o thing_n in_o great_a splendour_n suitable_a to_o his_o quality_n when_o they_o live_v abroad_o in_o their_o tent_n food_n their_o food_n they_o seldom_o eat_v bread_n instead_o of_o which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o millet_n their_o ordinary_a food_n be_v horseflesh_n which_o they_o boil_v either_o alone_a or_o with_o millet_n when_o they_o rest_v in_o a_o place_n but_o when_o they_o be_v go_v upon_o a_o expedition_n they_o have_v it_o bake_v and_o upon_o the_o march_n often_o only_o roll_v it_o together_o and_o put_v it_o under_o the_o saddle_n from_o whence_o they_o take_v it_o upon_o occasion_n and_o
re-establish_v but_o another_o set_v up_o in_o their_o stead_n where_o no_o cosack_n be_v permit_v to_o enroll_v themselves_o but_o scarce_o two_o year_n be_v elapse_v before_o the_o pole_n have_v sufficient_a occasion_n to_o repent_v themselves_o of_o this_o change_n for_o the_o tartar_n who_o before_o the_o reform_v of_o these_o cosack_n never_o dare_v so_o much_o as_o approach_v these_o frontier_n make_v a_o great_a irruption_n into_o the_o vkraine_n and_o after_o have_v ruin_v all_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n in_o the_o tertitory_n of_o pereaslaw_n corfun_n and_o wisnowitz_n return_v home_o with_o a_o vast_a booty_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n according_a to_o their_o wont_a custom_n ladislaus_n therefore_o then_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v due_o weigh_v the_o necessity_n there_o be_v to_o keep_v on_o foot_n this_o body_n upon_o which_o he_o much_o rely_v especial_o at_o that_o time_n when_o he_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o heavy_a war_n against_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n effectual_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o former_a condition_n have_v give_v they_o for_o their_o general_n one_o bogdan_n or_o theodore_n chmielniski_n but_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n have_v conceive_v a_o mortal_a hatred_n against_o the_o cosack_n miss_v no_o opportunity_n of_o do_v they_o what_o mischief_n they_o can_v among_o the_o rest_n a_o certain_a polish_v gentleman_n who_o name_n be_v jarinski_n do_v not_o only_o burn_v some_o mill_n belong_v to_o the_o general_n of_o the_o cosack_n chmielniski_n but_o also_o after_o have_v ravish_v his_o wife_n killed_z both_z she_o and_o her_o son_n chmielniski_n be_v provoke_v to_o revenge_v so_o barbarous_a a_o affront_n after_o have_v demand_v satisfaction_n which_o be_v deny_v he_o stir_v up_o his_o cosack_n who_o with_o burn_a plunder_v and_o ravish_v continual_o pester_v the_o polish_v nobility_n so_o that_o they_o address_v themselves_o to_o king_n john_n casimir_n brother_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n ladislaus_n desire_v he_o to_o march_v against_o they_o in_o person_n which_o he_o have_v refuse_v to_o do_v they_o bring_v together_o a_o army_n of_o 50000_o man_n but_o be_v miserable_o beat_v by_o the_o cosack_n and_o have_v a_o second_o time_n encounter_v they_o without_o the_o king_n consent_n they_o receive_v another_o overthow_v to_o revenge_v this_o they_o watch_v their_o opportunity_n when_o chmielniski_n be_v celebrate_v the_o nuptial_n of_o his_o son_n with_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o moldavia_n the_o pole_n then_o surprise_v the_o cosack_n plunder_v the_o city_n and_o take_v the_o grecian_a patriarch_n prisoner_n the_o general_n have_v send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v do_v by_o his_o order_n be_v answer_v no_o but_o that_o the_o nobility_n have_v do_v it_o to_o revenge_v themselves_o upon_o the_o cosack_n chmielniski_n be_v vehement_o incense_v against_o the_o nobility_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o the_o tartar_n and_o enter_v poland_n with_o a_o vast_a army_n the_o king_n march_v against_o he_o in_o person_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n the_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o the_o city_n of_o berestesko_n on_o the_o river_n stir_v where_o both_o the_o cosack_n and_o tartar_n be_v entire_o rout_v though_o they_o be_v almost_o three_o to_o one_o strong_a than_o the_o pole_n notwithstanding_o which_v their_o general_n chmielniski_n who_o escape_v after_o the_o battle_n have_v reassembled_a the_o remainder_n of_o his_o break_a army_n so_o continual_o harass_v the_o neighbour_a country_n that_o the_o king_n think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o come_v to_o a_o agreement_n with_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1651._o but_o the_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v dissatisfy_v with_o the_o king_n proceed_n do_v let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n that_o offer_v itself_o to_o affront_v the_o cosack_n but_o especial_o their_o general_n chmielniski_n which_o oblige_v they_o about_o two_o year_n after_o to_o wit_n in_o the_o year_n 1653._o to_o join_v with_o the_o muscovite_n who_o with_o their_o assistance_n take_v in_o the_o year_n next_o follow_v the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n and_o vilna_n so_o that_o it_o be_v chief_o owe_v to_o their_o valour_n that_o the_o muscovite_n get_v into_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o province_n of_o smolensko_n and_o severia_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o palatinate_n of_o kiovia_n which_o be_v confirm_v to_o they_o by_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n make_v at_o oliva_n in_o the_o year_n 1666._o about_o which_o time_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o cosack_n put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o muscovite_n the_o rest_n under_o the_o turk_n whereby_o they_o open_v the_o way_n to_o the_o latter_a into_o the_o vkraine_n and_o podolia_n where_o two_o year_n after_o they_o take_v the_o famous_a fortress_n of_o caminieck_n from_o the_o pole_n out_o of_o what_o have_v be_v relate_v concern_v the_o cosack_n cosack_n retreat_v place_n of_o the_o cosack_n it_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a that_o they_o be_v a_o certain_a body_n of_o soldier_n establish_v for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o frontier_n they_o use_v to_o be_v enroll_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o polish_v russia_n volinia_n and_o podolia_n and_o have_v original_o but_o one_o city_n belong_v to_o they_o which_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o their_o governor_n or_o general_n they_o be_v sirnamue_v zaporogian_n cosack_v to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o those_o live_n upon_o the_o don_n or_o tanais_n the_o word_n porochi_n signify_v in_o the_o russian_a tongue_n as_o much_o as_o a_o stone_n or_o rock_n at_o a_o considerable_a distance_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o rock_n lie_v so_o close_o together_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v all_o of_o a_o piece_n which_o render_v the_o passage_n of_o ship_n of_o burden_n quite_o impossible_a and_o take_v away_o all_o opportunity_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o vkraine_n to_o transport_v their_o wheat_n and_o other_o commodity_n which_o grow_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n to_o constantinople_n and_o other_o place_n some_o of_o these_o rock_n be_v scarce_o to_o be_v see_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n other_o again_o rise_v above_o it_o some_o six_o some_o eight_o or_o ten_o foot_n which_o occasion_n several_a dangerous_a cataract_n or_o water-falls_a which_o be_v impassable_a to_o any_o body_n else_o but_o the_o cosack_n in_o their_o light_a ship_n there_o be_v in_o all_o thirty_o of_o these_o cataract_n some_o of_o which_o at_o low_a water_n be_v twelve_o or_o fifteen_o foot_n high_a no_o body_n can_v pass_v among_o they_o for_o a_o true_a cosack_n unless_o he_o have_v pass_v all_o these_o cataract_n which_o they_o call_v porohi_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v zaporouski_n and_o consequent_o have_v make_v a_o voyage_n upon_o the_o black-sea_n as_o the_o knight_n of_o maltha_n be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v on_o board_n their_o galley_n before_o they_o be_v receive_v into_o that_o order_n there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o isle_n near_o these_o rock_n but_o among_o the_o rest_n below_o the_o river_n of_o czertomelick_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a island_n which_o be_v surround_v with_o several_a thousand_o little_a one_o some_o of_o which_o have_v sandy_a other_o marshy_a ground_n but_o all_o of_o they_o cover_v with_o bulrush_n which_o render_v these_o little_a channel_n by_o which_o they_o be_v separate_v almost_o invisible_a it_o be_v into_o these_o narrow_a passage_n and_o watery_a labyrinth_n the_o cosack_n make_v their_o retreat_n they_o call_v they_o skarbnissa_n woyskowa_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o the_o treasury_n of_o the_o army_n this_o be_v the_o place_n whither_o they_o carry_v all_o the_o booty_n they_o purchase_v upon_o the_o black-sea_n the_o passage_n to_o it_o be_v difficult_a and_o dangerous_a so_o that_o most_o of_o the_o turkish_a galley_n that_o pretend_v to_o pursue_v they_o here_o have_v be_v lose_v this_o be_v also_o their_o place_n of_o rendezvouz_n the_o first_o thing_n they_o do_v expeditionâ—_n how_o they_o go_v upon_o their_o expeditionâ—_n after_o they_o have_v meet_v here_o be_v to_o choose_v their_o general_n who_o be_v to_o command_v in_o the_o intend_a expedition_n which_o be_v do_v they_o begin_v to_o work_v on_o their_o ship_n which_o they_o make_v themselves_o be_v about_o threescore_o foot_n long_o and_o about_o ten_o or_o twelve_o broad_a very_o slight_o build_v every_o one_o have_v its_o oar_n some_o ten_o other_o twelve_z and_o sometime_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o their_o sail_n be_v very_o wretched_a notwithstanding_o which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o oar_n which_o they_o most_o rely_v on_o they_o far_o exceed_v the_o turkish_a galley_n in_o swiftness_n their_o provision_n consist_v in_o biscuit_n and_o some_o barrel_n of_o boil_a millet_n this_o be_v chief_o their_o food_n they_o
of_o the_o stomach_n the_o cellar_n of_o person_n of_o quality_n be_v always_o well_o furnish_v with_o hydromel_n or_o mead_n aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la strong_a beer_n sack_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o strong_a wine_n for_o the_o rhinish_a and_o french_a wine_n be_v in_o no_o great_a esteem_n among_o they_o as_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o they_o brew_v their_o strong_a beer_n as_o we_o do_v in_o march_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o cool_v their_o cellar_n not_o be_v vault_a during_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n they_o make_v a_o bed_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n mix_v together_o and_o then_o a_o layer_n of_o barrel_n upon_o they_o another_o bed_n of_o ice_n and_o then_o again_o a_o row_n of_o barrel_n which_o they_o cover_v with_o straw_n and_o plank_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o vault_n they_o be_v very_o splendid_a in_o their_o clothes_n and_o equipage_n be_v attend_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o slave_n all_o which_o however_o they_o do_v without_o any_o great_a expense_n for_o asmuch_o as_o what_o provision_n they_o want_v for_o themselves_o and_o their_o horse_n be_v bring_v from_o their_o farm_n in_o the_o country_n and_o as_o for_o those_o slave_n they_o entertain_v in_o the_o city_n they_o allow_v they_o board-wage_n but_o so_o scanty_o that_o they_o can_v scarce_o live_v upon_o it_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a cause_n that_o so_o many_o riot_n and_o murder_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o that_o in_o hay-making_a time_n the_o road_n lead_v to_o this_o city_n be_v so_o unsafe_a to_o travel_v there_o be_v about_o that_o time_n so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o slave_n abroad_o work_v in_o the_o field_n person_n of_o quality_n and_o the_o rich_a merchant_n in_o musco_n keep_v for_o this_o reason_n a_o guard_n in_o their_o court_n who_o watch_v all_o night_n and_o be_v to_o knock_v every_o hour_n with_o a_o stick_n upon_o a_o board_n interment_n their_o interment_n as_o many_o knock_n at_o a_o time_n as_o the_o clock_n have_v strike_v hour_n they_o be_v very_o ceremonious_a in_o their_o interment_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o sick_a person_n depart_v but_o all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n come_v and_o stand_v about_o the_o body_n make_v most_o horrid_a outcry_n and_o lamentation_n they_o ask_v he_o why_o he_o will_v die_v whether_o he_o want_v meat_n and_o drink_v whether_o he_o have_v not_o a_o handsome_a wife_n and_o such_o like_a question_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o be_v to_o send_v a_o present_a to_o the_o priest_n to_o pray_v for_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o decease_a party_n which_o he_o be_v to_o do_v morning_n and_o evening_n for_o six_o week_n upon_o his_o grave_n for_o though_o the_o muscovite_n do_v not_o believe_v purgatory_n yet_o they_o believe_v two_o different_a place_n where_o the_o soul_n retire_v till_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n some_o they_o say_v abide_v in_o a_o pleasant_a place_n where_o they_o enjoy_v the_o conversation_n of_o angel_n other_o in_o a_o 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my_o dear_a why_o will_v thou_o leave_v i_o thus_o and_o repeat_v the_o same_o question_n we_o have_v mention_v before_o then_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n take_v their_o last_o farewell_n of_o the_o decease_a some_o kiss_v he_o some_o the_o coffin_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o priest_n have_v put_v a_o testimonial_a between_o his_o finger_n which_o be_v to_o serve_v he_o as_o a_o pass_n for_o the_o other_o world_n the_o coffin_n be_v shut_v up_o and_o put_v into_o the_o grave_a with_o the_o face_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o kindred_n after_o have_v pay_v their_o devotion_n to_o the_o image_n return_v to_o the_o house_n where_o they_o drown_v their_o sorrow_n in_o strong_a liquor_n the_o mourn_a be_v continue_v for_o forty_o day_n after_o during_o which_o the_o kindred_n be_v entertain_v at_o three_o several_a time_n viz._n the_o three_o the_o nine_o and_o twenty_o day_n and_o during_o this_o time_n of_o mourn_v the_o priest_n read_v twice_o a_o day_n as_o we_o mention_v before_o the_o psalm_n upon_o the_o grave_a have_v a_o little_a booth_n make_v up_o of_o mat_n to_o shelter_v he_o from_o the_o wether_n the_o testimonial_a or_o pass_v for_o his_o admittance_n into_o the_o other_o world_n be_v sign_v by_o the_o patriarch_n or_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o confessor_n who_o sell_v it_o according_a to_o the_o ability_n of_o those_o that_o be_v to_o buy_v it_o this_o testimonial_a run_v thus_o we_o who_o name_n be_v hereunto_o subscribe_v the_o patriarch_n or_o metropolitan_a and_o priest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o n._n do_v certify_v by_o these_o present_n that_o the_o bearer_n hereof_o have_v always_o behave_v himself_o and_o live_v among_o we_o as_o become_v a_o good_a christian_a profess_v the_o greek_a religion_n and_o though_o he_o may_v have_v commit_v some_o sin_n he_o have_v confess_v the_o same_o whereupon_o he_o have_v receive_v absolution_n and_o take_v the_o communion_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o his_o sin_n that_o he_o have_v honour_v god_n and_o his_o saint_n that_o he_o have_v not_o neglect_v his_o prayer_n and_o have_v fast_v on_o the_o hour_n and_o day_n appoint_v by_o the_o church_n and_o that_o he_o have_v always_o behave_v himself_o towards_o i_o who_o be_o his_o confessor_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o complain_v of_o he_o nor_o to_o deny_v he_o the_o absolution_n of_o his_o sin_n in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v give_v he_o these_o testimonial_n to_o the_o end_n that_o st._n peter_n upon_o sight_n of_o they_o may_v not_o deny_v he_o the_o open_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o eternal_a bliss_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o civil_a government_n law_n and_o justiciary_a proceed_n of_o the_o muscovite_n the_o state_n of_o muscovy_n or_o its_o political_a government_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v in_o this_o chapter_n be_v not_o only_o monarchical_a but_o also_o despotical_a or_o absolute_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o czar_n be_v sole_a and_o absolute_a master_n over_o all_o his_o subject_n dispose_n without_o control_v of_o their_o life_n and_o estate_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o most_o ancient_a time_n do_v the_o king_n of_o assyria_n media_n and_o persia_n who_o govern_v their_o subject_n not_o otherwise_o than_o a_o lord_n do_v his_o slave_n and_o as_o it_o be_v to_o this_o day_n in_o turkey_n where_o the_o grand_a signior_n dispose_v of_o the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o his_o subject_n at_o pleasure_n the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n possess_v with_o so_o uncontrolled_a a_o power_n as_o hereditary_a sovereign_n of_o these_o vast_a country_n we_o have_v give_v a_o short_a description_n of_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o knez_n or_o lord_n so_o great_a in_o all_o these_o vast_a dominion_n but_o who_o without_o reluctancy_n confess_v that_o
solemnity_n they_o celebrate_v their_o new-years-day_n new-years-day_n their_o new-years-day_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o september_n they_o have_v no_o other_o epache_n but_o that_o of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n as_o we_o have_v mention_v before_o this_o procession_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o castle_n where_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o the_o people_n be_v permit_v to_o partake_v of_o the_o benediction_n give_v they_o by_o the_o patriarch_n he_o attend_v by_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o priest_n carrying_z banner_n image_n cross_n and_o book_n come_v out_o of_o the_o church_n which_o be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o second_o court_n of_o the_o castle_n while_o the_o great_a duke_n with_o his_o knez_n bojare_n and_o other_o officer_n of_o his_o court_n come_v out_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o same_o court_n the_o grand_a duke_n with_o his_o cap_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o the_o patriarch_n with_o his_o mitre_n on_o his_o head_n and_o a_o cross_n beset_v with_o diamond_n a_o foot_n long_o in_o his_o hand_n advance_v to_o one_o another_o the_o patriarch_n present_v the_o cross_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n to_o kiss_v which_o he_o have_v do_v with_o a_o most_o profound_a respect_n the_o patriarch_n give_v his_o benediction_n first_o to_o the_o czar_n and_o afterward_o to_o all_o the_o rest_n there_o present_a wish_v they_o all_o prosperity_n in_o the_o new_a year_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v their_o image_n image_n their_o image_n they_o suffer_v not_o any_o that_o be_v carve_v or_o grave_v either_o in_o their_o church_n or_o house_n because_o say_v they_o these_o be_v forbid_v in_o the_o decalogue_n but_o their_o image_n be_v paint_v with_o oil_n upon_o wood._n the_o best_a of_o all_o be_v that_o they_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o any_o paint_v by_o foreigner_n though_o do_v by_o the_o great_a master_n of_o europe_n but_o they_o must_v be_v paint_v by_o one_o of_o their_o own_o religion_n so_o that_o for_o colour_n paint_v and_o proportion_n they_o be_v the_o most_o wretched_a in_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v about_o a_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o not_o quite_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n there_o be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n as_o we_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n a_o certain_a street_n appoint_v for_o the_o sale_n of_o these_o image_n though_o a_o muscovite_n will_v never_o own_v to_o have_v buy_v his_o saint_n for_o which_o reason_n when_o any_o one_o of_o they_o have_v choose_v a_o image_n in_o the_o god-market_n he_o deposit_o money_n for_o the_o exchange_n of_o it_o if_o the_o saint-maker_n think_v it_o not_o sufficient_a he_o shove_v it_o back_o and_o the_o other_o party_n be_v oblige_v to_o add_v more_o to_o it_o till_o both_o party_n be_v content_v they_o will_v own_v that_o during_o the_o first_o century_n even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a image_n be_v not_o use_v in_o the_o church_n or_o if_o they_o be_v no_o worship_n be_v pay_v they_o they_o allege_v that_o they_o follow_v in_o this_o point_n the_o authority_n and_o opinion_n of_o john_n damascene_fw-la though_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a they_o have_v take_v they_o from_o the_o greek_a church_n the_o wall_n of_o their_o church_n be_v every_o where_o full_a of_o they_o as_o they_o be_v the_o chief_a ornament_n of_o their_o house_n every_o family_n have_v its_o saint_n with_o a_o small_a wax-candle_n before_o it_o which_o they_o light_v when_o they_o pay_v their_o devotion_n over_o the_o porch_n of_o their_o church_n in_o the_o market-place_n and_o over_o the_o gate_n of_o their_o city_n you_o be_v sure_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o picture_n of_o some_o saint_n or_o another_o but_o especial_o with_o that_o of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n and_o st._n nicholas_n the_o patron_n of_o muscovy_n these_o image_n the_o muscovite_n respect_n saint_n their_o adoration_n of_o saint_n and_o look_v upon_o as_o thing_n so_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o without_o they_o they_o can_v not_o perform_v their_o devotion_n as_o often_o as_o they_o address_v their_o prayer_n to_o they_o they_o set_v wax_v candle_n before_o that_o saint_n to_o who_o they_o intend_v to_o make_v their_o address_n and_o after_o they_o have_v make_v most_o profound_a inclination_n with_o their_o head_n they_o frequent_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n with_o three_o finger_n of_o their_o right_a hand_n touch_v first_o the_o forehead_n next_o the_o breast_n last_o the_o right_a shoulder_n and_o the_o leave_v after_o that_o they_o conceive_v in_o this_o way_n of_o cross_v themselves_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o mystery_n for_o they_o say_v the_o three_o finger_n signify_v the_o trinity_n by_o their_o put_v they_o to_o their_o forehead_n they_o will_v show_v that_o christ_n be_v ascend_v into_o heaven_n by_o cross_v the_o breast_n that_o god_n ought_v to_o be_v reverence_v and_o love_v with_o all_o our_o heart_n but_o as_o to_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n from_o the_o right_a shoulder_n to_o the_o left_a they_o intend_v to_o signify_v the_o day_n of_o judgement_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v say_v that_o god_n shall_v place_v the_o righteous_a on_o his_o right_a hand_n to_o be_v call_v to_o eternal_a salvation_n and_o the_o wicked_a on_o the_o left_a to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o abyss_n of_o hell_n if_o they_o pass_v by_o any_o of_o their_o image_n in_o the_o street_n they_o make_v a_o stand_n for_o a_o while_n before_o they_o till_o they_o have_v make_v their_o reverence_n four_o or_o five_o time_n one_o after_o another_o which_o be_v do_v by_o cross_v themselves_o and_o pronounce_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n their_o gospodi_fw-la pomilui_fw-la or_o god_n have_v mercy_n upon_o i_o they_o address_v themselves_o with_o the_o same_o veneration_n to_o such_o cross_n as_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o their_o way_n cross_n their_o cross_n where_o they_o be_v frequent_o observe_v to_o stop_v and_o repeat_v the_o same_o ejaculation_n the_o first_o nay_o the_o only_a thing_n parent_n teach_v their_o child_n be_v to_o make_v their_o reverence_n and_o inclination_n to_o the_o image_n to_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o to_o say_v the_o gospodi_fw-la pomilui_fw-la or_o god_n have_v mercy_n upon_o i_o the_o muscovite_n do_v it_o undertake_v any_o thing_n nor_o eat_v nor_o drink_v or_o whatever_o else_o it_o may_v be_v without_o make_v first_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n which_o may_v well_o be_v call_v the_o introduction_n to_o all_o the_o civil_a action_n of_o the_o muscovite_n the_o tutelar_a saint_n of_o private_a house_n have_v common_o their_o station_n assign_v they_o in_o a_o corner_n behind_o the_o table_n whenever_o a_o muscovite_n come_v into_o a_o house_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o do_v be_v to_o go_v straightway_o to_o the_o saint_n of_o the_o house_n if_o he_o can_v find_v he_o he_o ask_v jest_n le_fw-fr boch_n or_o where_o be_v the_o god_n after_o he_o have_v find_v he_o out_o he_o pay_v his_o reverence_n to_o he_o say_v his_o gospodi_fw-la pomilui_fw-la or_o lord_n have_v mercy_n upon_o i_o and_o then_o turn_v about_o and_o salute_v the_o company_n if_o they_o be_v to_o take_v a_o merry_a turn_n with_o a_o woman_n in_o the_o room_n where_o the_o saint_n be_v they_o be_v sure_a to_o cover_v he_o first_o perhaps_o for_o fear_v he_o shall_v tell_v tale_n they_o will_v not_o allow_v stranger_n to_o touch_v they_o or_o for_o any_o body_n to_o sleep_v in_o the_o same_o room_n with_o their_o foot_n towards_o they_o nay_o some_o be_v so_o nice_a as_o to_o purify_v the_o chamber_n with_o incense_n if_o any_o stranger_n of_o another_o religion_n have_v lodge_v in_o it_o they_o will_v hold_v their_o image_n to_o the_o fire_n believe_v they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o extinguish_v it_o if_o they_o please_v the_o swedish_n soldier_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1610._o have_v take_v and_o burn_v the_o city_n of_o novogorod_n when_o they_o see_v the_o inhabitant_n present_v their_o image_n to_o stay_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o flame_n be_v convince_v of_o their_o fondness_n to_o they_o and_o not_o find_v any_o thing_n else_o in_o their_o house_n worth_a take_n carry_v away_o their_o image_n which_o the_o muscovite_n afterward_o redeem_v at_o a_o very_a good_a rate_n in_o time_n of_o fire_n they_o strive_v before_o all_o other_o thing_n to_o save_v their_o image_n but_o if_o they_o or_o a_o church_n happen_v to_o be_v burn_v they_o will_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o great_a disgrace_n to_o say_v the_o saint_n or_o church_n be_v burn_v but_o they_o say_v they_o be_v ascend_v when_o the_o image_n be_v become_v obliterate_v or_o rot_v they_o either_o bury_v it_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ceremony_n or_o else_o which_o be_v the_o general_a way_n throw_v it_o into_o some_o river_n and_o commit_v it_o to_o the_o chance_n
as_o big_a and_o somewhat_o thick_a than_o a_o crown_n piece_n and_o have_v in_o the_o middle_a the_o sign_n of_o the_o crucifix_n this_o figure_n after_o it_o be_v consecrate_a the_o priest_n take_v off_o with_o a_o instrument_n not_o unlike_o a_o launcet_n and_o put_v it_o up_o in_o a_o wooden_a box_n hang_v above_o the_o altar_n to_o preserve_v it_o from_o rat_n and_o mouse_n if_o a_o sick_a person_n be_v to_o receive_v the_o communion_n they_o take_v a_o little_a of_o it_o upon_o which_o they_o put_v a_o few_o drop_n of_o red_a wine_n and_o a_o little_a water_n in_o the_o chalice_n which_o they_o give_v to_o the_o sick_a person_n with_o a_o spoon_n if_o the_o sick_a person_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o swallow_v the_o bread_n they_o give_v he_o only_o a_o little_a wine_n in_o the_o ordinary_a administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o consecrate_a bread_n but_o not_o big_a than_o half_a a_o crown_n from_o which_o they_o also_o take_v the_o crucifix_n and_o break_v it_o into_o as_o many_o piece_n as_o there_o be_v communicant_n which_o they_o cast_v into_o red_a wine_n and_o mix_v it_o with_o a_o little_a warm_a water_n and_o so_o administer_v with_o a_o spoon_n what_o remain_v of_o the_o bread_n after_o consecration_n be_v call_v kutja_n or_o holy_a bread_n of_o which_o the_o priest_n give_v a_o morsel_n to_o each_o of_o those_o who_o have_v communicate_v the_o week_n before_o at_o the_o administer_a of_o the_o sacrament_n the_o priest_n say_v these_o word_n this_o be_v the_o true_a body_n and_o the_o true_a blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n which_o have_v be_v give_v for_o thou_o and_o for_o many_o more_o for_o the_o remission_n of_o thy_o sin_n which_o thou_o shall_v take_v in_o remembrance_n of_o he_o god_n bless_v thou_o there_o have_v be_v some_o who_o from_o these_o word_n have_v draw_v this_o inference_n as_o if_o the_o muscovite_n believe_v transubstantiation_n against_o which_o several_a pregnant_a reason_n may_v be_v allege_v to_o the_o contrary_n for_o if_o you_o discourse_v the_o muscovite_n concern_v the_o consequence_n of_o that_o belief_n they_o will_v not_o refuse_v to_o own_v it_o irrational_a nay_o absurd_a and_o ridiculous_a neither_o do_v they_o call_v to_o their_o aid_n as_o the_o roman_a catholic_n do_v god_n omnipotency_n beside_o that_o they_o dont_fw-fr pay_v adoration_n to_o this_o mystery_n which_o doubtless_o they_o will_v do_v in_o a_o religion_n so_o zealous_a and_o superstitious_a as_o they_o be_v they_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n as_o to_o this_o point_n with_o the_o roman_a catholic_n sick_a child_n though_o never_o so_o young_a receive_v the_o communion_n but_o in_o one_o kind_n till_o they_o be_v seven_o year_n old_a when_o they_o communicate_v like_o the_o rest_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v before_o they_o do_v not_o refuse_v the_o communion_n to_o madman_n but_o they_o only_o touch_v their_o lip_n with_o the_o bread_n dip_v before_o in_o 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persuade_v that_o they_o be_v no_o more_o man_n but_o become_v angel_n and_o if_o they_o happen_v after_o these_o eight_o day_n of_o abstinence_n to_o recover_v their_o health_n they_o must_v go_v into_o a_o monastery_n because_o the_o razor_n have_v pass_v upon_o their_o head_n former_o they_o use_v to_o send_v the_o consecrate_a bread_n to_o those_o place_n in_o the_o country_n that_o be_v destitute_a of_o priest_n they_o use_v also_o to_o give_v it_o to_o traveller_n to_o reserve_v it_o for_o a_o case_n of_o necessity_n but_o this_o custom_n be_v now_o quite_o abolish_v in_o muscovy_n the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n of_o muscovy_n consist_v of_o a_o patriarch_n hierarchy_n their_o hierarchy_n who_o reside_v in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n four_o metropolitan_o seven_o archbishop_n and_o one_o bishop_n beside_o the_o arch-deacon_n protopopes_n and_n priest_n the_o four_o metropolitan_o be_v those_o of_o novogorodskoi_n and_o welikoluskoi_n who_o reside_v at_o novogorod_n of_o rostoufskoi_n and_o harostauskoi_n who_o have_v his_o residence_n at_o rostoâ—_n of_o casanskoi_n and_o sunatskoi_n at_o casan_n and_o that_o of_o sarskoi_fw-fr and_o pondoskoi_n who_o live_v within_o the_o castle_n at_o musco_n the_o seven_o archbishop_n be_v those_o of_o wologdskoi_n and_o weliko_n premskoi_n who_o have_v his_o seat_n at_o wologda_n of_o resanskoi_n and_o moromskoi_n who_o live_v at_o resan_n of_o susdalskoi_n and_o turruskoi_n who_o have_v his_o residence_n at_o susdal_n of_o twerskoi_n and_o cassinskoi_n at_o it_o be_v of_o sibirskoi_n and_o tobolskoi_n at_o toboleska_n of_o astrachanschoi_n and_o terskoi_n who_o reside_v at_o astrachan_n of_o pleskouskoi_n and_o sborskoi_n who_o live_v at_o pleskou_n there_o be_v but_o one_o bishop_n in_o all_o muscovy_n to_o wit_n that_o of_o comenskoi_fw-fr and_o cassieskoi_n who_o keep_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o city_n of_o columna_fw-la the_o patriarch_n have_v always_o about_o he_o a_o archdeacon_n who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v his_o vicar-general_n he_o have_v also_o a_o proto-deacon_n reside_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o sabor_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a order_n be_v distinguish_v into_o protopopes_n and_o pope_n or_o priest_n those_o that_o attend_v at_o church_n toll_v the_o bell_n and_o do_v other_o inferior_a office_n be_v call_v pangamari_n the_o patriarch_n of_o muscovy_n have_v the_o same_o if_o not_o a_o great_a authority_n as_o the_o pope_n have_v in_o the_o latin_a church_n for_o he_o in_o a_o manner_n divide_v the_o sovereignty_n with_o the_o great_a duke_n he_o be_v the_o supreme_a head_n and_o judge_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n and_o such_o be_v his_o power_n in_o all_o matter_n that_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o their_o religion_n that_o he_o reform_v whatever_o he_o think_v prejudicial_a to_o this_o religion_n or_o good_a manner_n without_o give_v a_o account_n of_o it_o to_o their_o great_a duke_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o his_o order_n must_v be_v put_v in_o 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patriarch_n not_o their_o prelate_n marry_v not_o metropolitan_n archbishop_n and_o the_o bishop_n in_o muscovy_n be_v not_o to_o marry_v but_o make_v a_o vow_n of_o chastity_n as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v in_o that_o dignity_n for_o the_o prelate_n as_o well_o as_o the_o priest_n be_v allow_v here_o to_o quit_v their_o order_n whenever_o they_o think_v it_o convenient_a they_o must_v not_o wear_v ring_n on_o their_o finger_n they_o wear_v neither_o drawer_n nor_o shirt_n of_o linen_n cloth_n but_o of_o flannel_n neither_o do_v they_o make_v use_n of_o bed_n the_o ordinary_a habit_n of_o the_o patriarch_n habit_n their_o habit_n metropolitan_n archbishop_n bishop_n and_o even_o of_o their_o monk_n be_v very_o near_o the_o same_o they_o wear_v a_o black_a cassock_n and_o over_o that_o a_o upper_a garment_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n not_o much_o different_a from_o that_o wear_v by_o the_o other_o muscovite_n their_o hood_n be_v at_o least_o a_o ell_n and_o a_o half_a
expedition_n and_o the_o duke_n wisnowiski_n have_v also_o public_o declare_v for_o demetrius_n a_o considerable_a number_n of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o muscovy_n be_v encourage_v by_o his_o example_n espouse_v this_o interest_n be_v strengthen_v by_o these_o and_o other_o force_n which_o be_v in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n raise_v for_o his_o service_n he_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o into_o muscovy_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o winter_n where_o be_v join_v by_o a_o body_n of_o cosack_n of_o 10000_o man_n under_o their_o general_n corclos_n who_o have_v be_v engage_v with_o great_a promise_n into_o his_o service_n muscovy_n demetrius_n enter_v muscovy_n by_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o the_o old_a monk_n it_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o his_o army_n have_v pass_v the_o boristhenes_n at_o kiovia_n they_o advance_v without_o any_o opposition_n to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o eringow_n which_o upon_o the_o first_o summon_v surrender_v to_o demetrius_n the_o city_n of_o puttiwoll_n one_o of_o the_o large_a and_o most_o populous_a in_o those_o part_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o eringow_n the_o garrison_n which_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o cosack_n refuse_v to_o fight_v against_o their_o brethren_n the_o other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n tread_v the_o footstep_n of_o the_o other_o and_o put_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n so_o that_o as_o he_o be_v advance_v deep_o into_o the_o country_n his_o army_n be_v considerable_o augment_v by_o such_o as_o flock_v in_o to_o he_o from_o all_o the_o adjacent_a city_n of_o which_o none_o attempt_v to_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n except_o the_o city_n of_o novogorod_n sevieâ—â—ki_n which_o he_o besiege_v and_o attack_v with_o all_o the_o vigour_n imaginable_a the_o czar_n boris_n goudenou_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o have_v not_o be_v careless_a of_o his_o affair_n but_o have_v order_v considerable_a levy_n to_o be_v make_v before_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o receive_v advice_n of_o the_o most_o stupendous_a progress_n of_o demetrius_n he_o publish_v his_o declaration_n wherein_o he_o promise_v indemnity_n to_o all_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o will_v abandon_v the_o party_n of_o this_o impostor_n and_o return_v to_o their_o duty_n with_o most_o severe_a commination_n against_o all_o such_o as_o shall_v persist_v in_o their_o treasonable_a design_n against_o their_o sovereign_n in_o aid_v and_o assist_v the_o pretend_a demetrius_n he_o send_v also_o a_o solemn_a embassy_n to_o sigismond_n than_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o have_v immediate_o demand_v and_o obtain_v audience_n make_v most_o heavy_a complaint_n that_o the_o truce_n which_o be_v so_o late_o make_v betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n for_o twenty_o year_n be_v violate_v by_o the_o pole_n who_o without_o the_o least_o reason_n give_v have_v invade_v the_o czar_n territory_n take_v his_o town_n and_o ravage_v the_o country_n that_o he_o hope_v the_o king_n will_v take_v better_a measure_n and_o not_o pursue_v a_o war_n that_o be_v found_v upon_o nothing_o but_o a_o unjust_a pretence_n but_o recall_v his_o troop_n which_o be_v at_o that_o time_n employ_v to_o maintain_v the_o pretension_n of_o a_o vile_a impostor_n against_o one_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a prince_n in_o europe_n who_o if_o provoke_v will_v not_o want_v mean_n to_o give_v himself_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o damage_n and_o affront_v receive_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n neither_o be_v he_o spare_v in_o his_o promise_n by_o which_o and_o the_o great_a present_v he_o make_v to_o most_o of_o the_o chief_a minister_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o court_n he_o hope_v to_o obtain_v what_o all_o his_o remonstrance_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v but_o in_o vain_a for_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o look_v upon_o demetrius_n as_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o upon_o the_o affair_n of_o boris_n as_o in_o a_o decline_a condition_n or_o that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o jesuit_n who_o have_v espouse_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o first_o have_v make_v they_o deaf_a to_o all_o these_o application_n the_o ambassador_n be_v send_v back_o with_o this_o general_a answer_n that_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o poland_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o what_o be_v transact_v in_o muscovy_n and_o that_o if_o demetrius_n who_o be_v a_o muscovite_n bear_v have_v obtain_v the_o assistance_n of_o some_o polish_v volunteer_n to_o maintain_v his_o pretension_n against_o the_o czar_n boris_n goudenou_n this_o can_v not_o be_v interpret_v a_o violation_n of_o the_o truce_n betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n which_o on_o their_o side_n they_o will_v observe_v inviolable_o boris_n have_v miss_v his_o aim_n in_o poland_n dispatch_v a_o messenger_n to_o the_o camp_n of_o demetrius_n to_o try_v once_o more_o his_o fortune_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o undeceive_v the_o wayvode_n of_o sendomiria_n and_o wisnowiski_n concern_v the_o fallacy_n put_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o counterfeit_n demetrius_n for_o this_o end_n have_v find_v out_o one_o of_o his_o uncle_n in_o muscovy_n who_o name_n be_v smyrna_n otropeja_n and_o judge_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o if_o he_o can_v be_v confront_v with_o grisko_n otropeja_n his_o nephew_n his_o confession_n will_v be_v of_o the_o great_a consequence_n towards_o the_o detect_n of_o this_o imposture_n he_o send_v he_o along_o with_o the_o messenger_n but_o whether_o the_o wayvode_n look_v upon_o that_o as_o a_o contrivance_n of_o boris_n goudenou_n invent_v on_o purpose_n to_o blast_v the_o reputation_n of_o demetrius_n and_o to_o ward_v the_o blow_n which_o seem_v to_o threaten_v his_o ruin_n or_o that_o he_o think_v himself_o engage_v past_o retreat_v the_o uncle_n smyrna_n otropeja_n be_v forbid_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o approach_v the_o camp_n and_o the_o messenger_n send_v back_o with_o scorn_n and_o indignation_n boris_n goudenou_n find_v all_o other_o mean_v to_o fail_v have_v recourse_n to_o arm_n and_o order_v his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n most_o of_o they_o veterate_a soldier_n to_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o novogorod_n sevierski_n which_o defend_v itself_o brave_o against_o the_o pole_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o governor_n bosman_n demetrius_n though_o much_o inferior_a in_o number_n be_v not_o much_o above_o twenty_o thousand_o but_o all_o choose_a man_n upon_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o muscovite_n army_n leave_v the_o siege_n of_o novogorod_n post_v himself_o as_o advantageous_o as_o he_o can_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o muscovite_n to_o facilitate_v the_o passage_n of_o such_o officer_n in_o the_o army_n of_o boris_n goudenou_n as_o be_v corrupt_v before_o have_v promise_v to_o come_v over_o with_o their_o soldier_n to_o his_o party_n but_o these_o see_v the_o great_a disproportion_n there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o number_n of_o these_o two_o army_n either_o quite_o change_v their_o resolution_n or_o at_o least_o think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o delay_v the_o execution_n of_o it_o till_o a_o more_o favourable_a juncture_n demetrius_z therefore_o find_v himself_o in_o a_o post_n from_o whence_o he_o can_v not_o retreat_v without_o fight_v be_v force_v to_o put_v the_o best_a countenance_n he_o can_v upon_o the_o matter_n and_o have_v nothing_o to_o trust_v to_o but_o their_o own_o courage_n the_o pole_n fight_v so_o brave_o that_o they_o not_o only_o repulse_v the_o muscovite_n who_o be_v over_o confident_a in_o their_o number_n attack_v they_o with_o more_o fury_n than_o skill_n but_o also_o charge_v they_o at_o several_a time_n with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o the_o victory_n remain_v doubtful_a for_o several_a hour_n till_o at_o last_o the_o muscovite_n be_v continual_o sustain_v by_o fresh_a troop_n and_o the_o pole_n quite_o tire_v by_o the_o long_a fatigue_n of_o the_o day_n be_v force_v to_o give_v way_n more_o to_o the_o number_n than_o the_o bravery_n of_o their_o enemy_n rout_z demetrius_z rout_z who_o at_o last_o entire_o rout_v they_o though_o not_o without_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o their_o side_n kill_v 9000_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o spot_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o their_o cannon_n and_o baggage_n if_o the_o muscovite_n have_v be_v as_o careful_a in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o demetrius_n as_o they_o be_v fortunate_a in_o obtain_v the_o victory_n and_o have_v send_v their_o horse_n of_o which_o they_o have_v a_o considerable_a number_n immediate_o after_o to_o disperse_v such_o of_o the_o polish_v troop_n as_o be_v retreat_v in_o several_a body_n towards_o ribscum_n they_o may_v without_o question_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n at_o this_o one_o stroke_n or_o at_o least_o have_v drive_v he_o quite_o out_o of_o muscovy_n but_o instead_o of_o pursue_v their_o advantage_n they_o besiege_v krom_n which_o defend_v
in_o favour_n of_o bosman_n by_o the_o powerful_a influence_n he_o have_v over_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n soon_o prevail_v with_o they_o to_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o command_n of_o bosman_n as_o a_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n which_o affront_n he_o dissemble_v for_o a_o while_n till_o he_o meet_v with_o a_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o revenge_v it_o upon_o the_o whole_a family_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v anon_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n demetrius_z have_v command_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o zaporius_n to_o advance_v towards_o krom_n and_o endeavour_v its_o relief_n who_o have_v according_o direct_v his_o march_n to_o the_o muscovian_a camp_n he_o receive_v intelligence_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o bosman_n of_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o he_o intend_v to_o come_v over_o to_o his_o party_n as_o soon_o as_o a_o favourable_a opportunity_n shall_v present_v zaporius_n be_v resolve_v to_o improve_v so_o advantageous_a a_o offer_n be_v impatient_a to_o come_v to_o blow_n with_o the_o muscovite_n but_o these_o be_v both_o superior_a in_o number_n and_o strong_o entrench_v and_o consequent_o not_o to_o be_v attack_v without_o expose_v the_o whole_a army_n he_o draw_v they_o out_o of_o their_o advantageous_a entrenchment_n by_o the_o follow_a stratagem_n he_o contrive_v a_o letter_n direct_v to_o the_o governor_n and_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o garrison_n of_o krom_n wherein_o after_o have_v high_o extol_v their_o valour_n and_o zeal_n and_o make_v they_o ample_a promise_n of_o reward_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v advance_v with_o a_o considerable_a force_n near_o the_o enemy_n camp_n to_o annoy_v they_o and_o to_o intercept_v their_o forager_n till_o the_o arrival_n of_o prince_n demetrius_n himself_o who_o be_v on_o his_o march_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o cosack_n and_o other_o auxiliary_n late_o arrive_v from_o poland_n to_o oblige_v the_o muscovite_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n this_o letter_n be_v give_v to_o one_o who_o undertake_v to_o carry_v it_o into_o the_o place_n he_o be_v direct_v thus_o to_o the_o city_n by_o the_o secret_a order_n of_o zaporius_n that_o he_o must_v of_o necessity_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n advance_a guard_n which_o have_v succeed_v according_o the_o poor_a fellow_n be_v carry_v before_o the_o muscovite_n general_n where_o have_v be_v examine_v he_o be_v force_v to_o produce_v the_o letter_n which_o as_o he_o believe_v be_v to_o have_v be_v carry_v into_o the_o city_n hodwen_n the_o general_n of_o the_o muscovite_n army_n have_v peruse_v the_o letter_n and_o overjoy_v at_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o demetrius_n call_v immediate_o a_o council_n of_o war_n wherein_o it_o have_v be_v judge_v most_o convenient_a to_z attack_z the_o enemy_n before_o they_o can_v be_v join_v by_o demetrius_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o leave_v only_o a_o small_a body_n to_o keep_v the_o avenue_n lead_v to_o the_o town_n and_o with_o the_o rest_n to_o give_v battle_n to_o zaporius_n he_o soon_o perceive_v by_o the_o countenance_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o his_o design_n have_v thus_o far_o succeed_v according_a to_o his_o wish_n draw_v out_o his_o force_n in_o battle-array_n but_o be_v much_o inferior_a in_o number_n and_o fear_v not_o without_o reason_n lest_o bosman_n with_o his_o party_n may_v be_v discourage_v by_o the_o inequality_n of_o their_o number_n he_o resolve_v to_o back_v his_o letter_n with_o a_o second_o stratagem_n he_o place_v all_o the_o servant_n sutler_n and_o other_o useless_a person_n belong_v to_o the_o baggage_n at_o some_o distance_n behind_o the_o army_n with_o who_o have_v join_v some_o soldier_n enough_o to_o make_v up_o a_o front_n he_o order_v they_o after_o they_o have_v see_v he_o engage_v for_o some_o time_n to_o advance_v in_o good_a order_n with_o their_o colour_n fly_v drum_n beat_v and_z trumpets_z sounding_z thus_o have_v prepare_v every_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o intend_a purpose_n he_o march_v direct_o towards_o the_o muscovite_n who_o he_o attack_v with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n but_o these_o be_v without_o intermission_n reinforce_v by_o fresh_a troop_n give_v so_o much_o work_v to_o the_o pole_n that_o the_o fight_n be_v very_o obstinate_a and_o bloody_a and_o the_o latter_a will_v have_v be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o lose_v the_o day_n have_v not_o bosman_n who_o command_v the_o body_n of_o reserve_n in_o the_o muscovian_a army_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o see_v the_o polish_v mock_v army_n advance_v in_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o battle_n with_o some_o of_o his_o party_n go_v over_o to_o zaporius_n and_o declare_v for_o prince_n demetrius_n cry_v out_o aloud_o to_o the_o muscovite_n that_o they_o shall_v cease_v to_o fight_v against_o their_o natural_a prince_n bosman_n be_v the_o darling_n of_o the_o common_a soldier_n his_o word_n and_o example_n have_v such_o a_o powerful_a influence_n over_o they_o that_o like_o one_o man_n they_o cry_v revolt_n the_o muscovite_n revolt_n they_o will_v live_v and_o die_v with_o he_o the_o nobility_n and_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n find_v themselves_o desert_v by_o the_o soldier_n resolve_v immediate_o to_o send_v their_o deputy_n to_o demetrius_n who_o at_o that_o time_n reside_v at_o puttiwoll_n to_o acknowledge_v their_o fault_n in_o have_v so_o long_o stand_v out_o against_o their_o prince_n to_o implore_v his_o pardon_n for_o what_o be_v past_a and_o to_o give_v he_o all_o the_o imaginable_a assurance_n of_o their_o fidelity_n for_o the_o future_a demetrius_n transport_v with_o joy_n at_o so_o welcome_a a_o piece_n of_o news_n lose_v no_o time_n but_o have_v immediate_o put_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o such_o troop_n as_o he_o have_v with_o he_o at_o puttiwoll_n march_v direct_o first_o to_o krom_n where_o he_o cause_v hodwen_n the_o muscovian_a general_n to_o be_v clap_v in_o iron_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o avol_n where_o the_o revolt_a army_n lie_v encamp_v be_v arrive_v there_o and_o have_v receive_v fresh_a demonstration_n of_o their_o entire_a submission_n to_o his_o command_n he_o offer_v his_o thanks_o to_o the_o chief_a man_n but_o especial_o to_o bosman_n and_o his_o friend_n and_o by_o his_o caress_n so_o gain_v upon_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o common_a soldier_n that_o they_o all_o with_o one_o voice_n desire_v he_o to_o lead_v they_o against_o the_o son_n of_o the_o usurper_n of_o his_o crown_n be_v thus_o become_v absolute_o master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o the_o army_n and_o believe_v that_o now_o he_o have_v but_o one_o step_n leave_v to_o ascend_v the_o throne_n to_o wit_n to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o whole_a empire_n he_o order_v every_o thing_n to_o be_v get_v ready_a for_o the_o march_n whilst_o he_o be_v thus_o advance_v by_o slow_a march_n towards_o musco_n he_o send_v his_o letter_n to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o that_o city_n wherein_o he_o tell_v they_o he_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n with_o a_o most_o potent_a army_n ready_a to_o attack_v they_o at_o his_o first_o command_n but_o that_o take_v commiseration_n of_o their_o condition_n he_o exhort_v they_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o peace_n before_o the_o inevitable_a calamity_n of_o war._n that_o if_o they_o prefer_v the_o last_o before_o the_o first_o they_o must_v be_v answerable_a for_o all_o the_o misery_n which_o be_v the_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o a_o intestine_a war_n but_o as_o he_o be_v persuade_v they_o will_v consult_v their_o own_o safety_n he_o advise_v they_o to_o root_v out_o the_o whole_a progeny_n of_o that_o accurse_a traitor_n boris_n goudenou_n who_o have_v murder_v his_o brother_n the_o late_a great_a duke_n fedor_n and_o will_v have_v act_v the_o same_o tragedy_n with_o himself_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o vigilancy_n and_o care_n of_o his_o royal_a mother_n and_o last_o not_o to_o delay_v any_o long_a to_o show_v their_o readiness_n in_o assert_v the_o undoubted_a right_n of_o their_o natural_a prince_n this_o letter_n have_v be_v read_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o messenger_n of_o demetrius_n in_o the_o marketplace_n they_o begin_v to_o assemble_v in_o great_a number_n and_o after_o a_o short_a consultation_n what_o measure_n be_v best_a to_o be_v take_v they_o send_v some_o among_o they_o to_o the_o palace_n of_o knez_n basilizuski_n who_o have_v peremptory_o demand_v of_o he_o to_o declare_v before_o they_o whether_o this_o be_v the_o true_a demetrius_n young_a son_n of_o czar_n john_n basilovit_n that_o lie_v now_o encamp_v near_o their_o city_n zuski_n positive_o assert_v that_o he_o be_v and_o that_o he_o have_v be_v save_v from_o the_o assassins_n scent_n by_o boris_n goudenou_n for_o his_o destruction_n by_o
by_o the_o giddy-headed_a multitude_n who_o be_v always_o in_o extreme_n and_o fond_a of_o novelty_n show_v their_o approbation_n by_o dig_v up_o the_o dead_a carcase_n of_o demetrius_n which_o with_o most_o horrible_a imprecation_n in_o which_o the_o muscovite_n excel_v most_o other_o nation_n they_o burn_v and_o throw_v the_o ash_n into_o the_o air_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o relish_v so_o well_o with_o the_o pole_n but_o that_o notwitstand_v all_o his_o specious_a pretence_n they_o resolve_v to_o call_v he_o to_o a_o severe_a account_n for_o the_o barbarity_n commit_v upon_o their_o countryman_n neither_o be_v it_o long_o before_o they_o meet_v with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v themselves_o and_o to_o give_v very_o sensible_a proof_n of_o their_o utmost_a resentment_n against_o zuski_n the_o contriver_n and_o chief_a actor_n of_o that_o tragedy_n for_o though_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o the_o late_a demetrius_n be_v expose_v to_o public_a view_n for_o several_a day_n it_o be_v so_o mangle_v and_o hack_v by_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o multitude_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v know_v even_o by_o the_o near_a of_o his_o friend_n which_o schacopski_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o demetrius_n and_o one_o of_o his_o most_o trusty_a friend_n have_v get_v notice_n of_o he_o make_v his_o escape_n with_o two_o or_o three_o more_o who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v absolute_o in_o his_o interest_n to_o the_o city_n of_o puttiwoll_n which_o have_v always_o stand_v vigorous_a for_o demetrius_n from_o the_o first_o time_n he_o enter_v muscovy_n with_o a_o army_n as_o they_o be_v travel_v upon_o the_o road_n at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n they_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o spread_v it_o about_o the_o country_n that_o demetrius_n be_v not_o dead_a that_o the_o people_n during_o the_o tumult_n have_v apprehend_v and_o massacre_v another_o in_o his_o place_n he_o have_v at_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o disorder_n save_v himself_o by_o flight_n they_o show_v to_o several_a innkeeper_n the_o great_a seal_n of_o muscovy_n tell_v they_o at_o their_o departure_n that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n they_o shall_v know_v what_o a_o great_a guest_n they_o have_v entertain_v that_o night_n they_o be_v also_o very_o profuse_a of_o their_o gold_n all_o which_o serve_v for_o a_o confirmation_n of_o what_o they_o have_v hear_v they_o say_v before_o they_o take_v it_o as_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n and_o the_o more_o they_o be_v enjoin_v secreâ—ie_n the_o more_o eager_a be_v they_o in_o whisper_a it_o about_o among_o their_o friend_n so_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n it_o become_v currant_n news_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n where_o it_o have_v be_v encourage_v and_o improve_v by_o some_o secret_a friend_n of_o demetrius_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o meeting_n where_o this_o surprise_v news_n be_v not_o the_o chief_a subject_n of_o their_o discourse_n every_o one_o judge_v of_o the_o matter_n according_a to_o his_o own_o sentiment_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n george_n schacopski_n be_v with_o his_o friend_n arrive_v at_o puttiwoll_n from_o whence_o have_v immediate_o dispatch_v a_o messenger_n into_o poland_n with_o letter_n to_o the_o weywode_n of_o sendomiria_n lady_n wherein_o he_o give_v she_o a_o full_a relation_n of_o the_o conspiracy_n form_v by_o zuski_n and_o his_o party_n against_o her_o son-in-law_n but_o that_o by_o a_o peculiar_a providence_n he_o have_v save_v himself_o in_o time_n by_o flight_n and_o be_v retire_v to_o a_o place_n of_o security_n from_o whence_o he_o will_v sudden_o return_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o considerable_a army_n to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o friend_n upon_o these_o traitor_n that_o her_o husband_n also_o have_v by_o his_o valour_n escape_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o enrage_a multitude_n and_o remain_v in_o good_a health_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n he_o hope_v to_o give_v she_o a_o more_o ample_a account_n of_o the_o further_a success_n of_o their_o affair_n have_v send_v away_o the_o messenger_n with_o these_o dispatch_n he_o immediate_o demand_v audience_n in_o the_o great_a duke_n demetrius_n his_o master_n name_n which_o be_v soon_o grant_v he_o appear_v in_o the_o assembly_n the_o next_o day_n where_o have_v high_o extol_v the_o zeal_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o puttiwoll_n in_o have_v be_v the_o first_o that_o espouse_v the_o interest_n of_o demetrius_n in_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o his_o affair_n and_o their_o constancy_n in_o persevere_v ever_o since_o steadfast_a in_o their_o loyalty_n to_o their_o natural_a prince_n he_o tell_v they_o how_o zuski_n the_o present_a usurper_n prompt_v by_o his_o immensurable_a ambition_n of_o put_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o own_o head_n have_v with_o his_o party_n form_v a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o life_n of_o the_o grand_a duke_n demetrius_n that_o to_o facilitate_v their_o hellish_a design_n they_o have_v massacre_v a_o great_a number_n of_o innocent_a person_n in_o their_o bed_n against_o all_o the_o law_n of_o hospitality_n and_o afterward_o intend_v to_o have_v do_v the_o same_o to_o the_o great_a duke_n himself_o who_o they_o intend_v to_o have_v surprise_v in_o his_o palace_n but_o have_v be_v stop_v for_o a_o little_a while_n by_o the_o resistance_n make_v by_o his_o trusty_a servant_n he_o have_v by_o a_o peculiar_a providence_n of_o god_n almighty_n get_v into_o his_o stable_n where_o be_v furnish_v with_o some_o of_o his_o swift_a horse_n he_o be_v with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o particular_a friend_n escape_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o people_n and_o have_v direct_v his_o course_n to_o poland_n from_o whence_o he_o soon_o hope_v to_o return_v with_o so_o considerable_a a_o force_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o reduce_v his_o rebellious_a subject_n to_o obedience_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o have_v recommend_v to_o his_o care_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n in_o his_o absence_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o which_o he_o produce_v the_o great_a seal_n of_o muscovy_n and_o that_o he_o have_v give_v he_o a_o most_o particular_a charge_n to_o satisfy_v his_o faithful_a citizen_n of_o puttiwoll_n that_o he_o be_v alive_a and_o in_o a_o place_n of_o security_n he_o further_o add_v that_o have_v have_v such_o constant_a and_o evident_a proof_n of_o their_o loyalty_n he_o have_v in_o obedience_n to_o his_o master_n command_n take_v the_o direct_a road_n to_o this_o city_n to_o discharge_v himself_o of_o his_o commission_n and_o to_o give_v they_o fresh_a assurance_n of_o the_o grand_a duke_n favour_n which_o they_o have_v at_o this_o time_n the_o best_a opportunity_n in_o the_o world_n to_o improve_v to_o their_o advantage_n if_o as_o they_o have_v do_v heretofore_o they_o will_v by_o their_o steadfastness_n show_v a_o good_a example_n to_o the_o other_o neighbour_a city_n and_o acquire_v to_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n the_o glory_n of_o a_o unshaken_a loyalty_n to_o their_o natural_a prince_n the_o citizen_n of_o puttiwoll_n be_v by_o these_o speciâ—â—â—_n pretence_n soon_o inveigle_v into_o a_o belief_n of_o his_o â—â—â—cere_a intention_n and_o take_v compassion_n on_o the_o misfortune_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o interest_n they_o have_v always_o espouse_v from_o the_o time_n of_o his_o first_o comiâ—â—_n out_o of_o poland_n into_o muscovy_n they_o after_o have_v return_v their_o most_o hearty_a thanks_o for_o the_o honour_n he_o do_v they_o in_o put_v so_o great_a a_o value_n upon_o their_o service_n declare_v unanimous_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o sacrifice_v their_o life_n and_o what_o else_o be_v dear_a to_o they_o in_o this_o world_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o their_o lawful_a prince_n and_o that_o as_o a_o token_n of_o their_o fidelity_n they_o be_v ready_a to_o obey_v his_o the_o lord_n chancellour's_n order_v till_o the_o great_a duke_n himself_o shall_v be_v please_v to_o honour_v they_o with_o his_o presence_n the_o chancellour_n project_n have_v thus_o far_o succeed_v according_a to_o wish_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o he_o dispatch_v some_o messenger_n to_o the_o tartar_n unto_o who_o he_o represent_v the_o cruelty_n and_o treachery_n of_o zuski_n and_o by_o what_o good_a fortune_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v escape_v his_o hand_n command_v they_o in_o his_o name_n to_o repair_v at_o their_o rendezvous_n which_o he_o have_v appoint_v near_o puttiwoll_n the_o cosack_v be_v also_o inveigle_v by_o the_o same_o artifices_fw-la of_o schacopski_n as_o they_o have_v always_o adhere_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o demetrius_n so_o they_o be_v now_o the_o most_o forward_o in_o appear_v in_o arm_n for_o the_o maintain_n of_o his_o pretend_a right_n so_o that_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n see_v himself_o thus_o strengthen_v by_o a_o considerable_a party_n of_o cosack_n tartar_n and_o some_o mâ—scovites_n and_o by_o the_o surrender_n of_o several_a other_o place_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o puttiwoll_n he_o oblige_v
one_o another_o when_o a_o body_n of_o five_o thousand_o muscovite_n which_o be_v post_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o demetrian_a army_n instead_o of_o attacking_z the_o enemy_n run_v over_o to_o they_o all_o in_o a_o body_n which_o have_v put_v polutnich_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n into_o a_o great_a consternation_n it_o be_v think_v most_o advisable_a to_o avoid_v fight_v and_o to_o retreat_v to_o thula_n zuski_n fall_v in_o their_o rear_n cut_v off_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o they_o close_o pursue_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v immediate_o after_o surround_v by_o the_o whole_a army_n and_o attack_v with_o all_o the_o fury_n imaginable_a the_o besiege_v have_v in_o their_o retreat_n be_v force_v to_o leave_v behind_o they_o all_o their_o artillery_n and_o ammunition_n be_v very_o ill_o provide_v with_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o sustain_v a_o siege_n nevertheless_o trust_v in_o their_o courage_n they_o defend_v themselves_o so_o valiant_o that_o the_o muscovite_n see_v themselves_o repulse_v with_o great_a slaughter_n in_o several_a attack_n be_v oblige_v to_o enclose_v the_o city_n by_o make_v strong_a line_n of_o circumvallation_n round_o about_o it_o in_o hope_n to_o reduce_v it_o by_o famine_n which_o succeed_v according_a to_o their_o expectation_n for_o those_o within_o by_o their_o sudden_a retreat_n have_v have_v neither_o time_n or_o opportunity_n to_o put_v provision_n in_o the_o city_n be_v in_o a_o little_a time_n reduce_v to_o the_o great_a extremity_n for_o want_n of_o they_o schacopski_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n be_v not_o a_o little_a amaze_v that_o he_o receive_v not_o the_o least_o news_n out_o of_o poland_n whither_o he_o have_v dispatch_v his_o messenger_n to_o advertise_v they_o of_o the_o danger_n they_o be_v in_o and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o thula_n who_o see_v themselves_o reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n as_o to_o be_v force_v to_o feed_v upon_o cat_n dog_n horse_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n without_o hope_n of_o relief_n begin_v to_o be_v mutinous_a and_o to_o accuse_v both_o schacopski_n and_o polutnich_n of_o have_v betray_v they_o by_o their_o fictitious_a insinuation_n as_o if_o their_o great_a duke_n demetrius_n be_v alive_a in_o poland_n which_o if_o he_o have_v be_v he_o will_v not_o have_v fail_v to_o give_v they_o his_o assistance_n in_o this_o extremity_n schacopski_n put_v the_o best_a countenance_n he_o can_v upon_o the_o matter_n tell_v they_o that_o they_o can_v not_o expect_v he_o to_o come_v in_o person_n unless_o back_v with_o a_o force_n suitable_a to_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o that_o if_o they_o will_v but_o have_v patience_n he_o do_v not_o question_n but_o in_o a_o few_o day_n to_o hear_v of_o his_o approach_n in_o order_n to_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n polutnich_n assure_v they_o upon_o his_o honour_n that_o he_o himself_o have_v see_v and_o speak_v with_o a_o certain_a person_n of_o about_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n who_o be_v in_o poland_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v the_o true_a demetrius_n and_o from_o who_o hand_n he_o have_v receive_v his_o commission_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o rely_v upon_o his_o word_n alone_o but_o that_o he_o will_v advise_v they_o to_o send_v a_o trusty_a messenger_n of_o their_o own_o one_o who_o they_o know_v to_o have_v see_v the_o prince_n demetrius_n before_o into_o poland_n to_o represent_v to_o he_o the_o true_a state_n of_o their_o affair_n and_o to_o solicit_v prompt_a succour_n that_o at_o his_o return_n he_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o join_v with_o they_o in_o any_o thing_n they_o shall_v think_v most_o advisable_a for_o their_o common_a safety_n the_o citizen_n of_o thula_n have_v give_v their_o consent_n to_o this_o proposal_n and_o dispatch_v a_o certain_a messenger_n who_o by_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n and_o the_o carelessness_n of_o the_o besieger_n get_v safe_o through_o their_o camp_n without_o be_v discover_v they_o give_v fresh_a assurance_n of_o their_o steadfastness_n to_o polutnich_n till_o the_o return_n of_o this_o emissary_n schacopski_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n be_v not_o a_o little_a surprise_v that_o he_o can_v not_o hear_v the_o least_o tiding_n out_o of_o poland_n but_o the_o true_a cause_n be_v that_o the_o gentleman_n who_o the_o pole_n have_v engage_v to_o personate_v the_o true_a demetrius_n have_v understand_v in_o what_o ill_a a_o posture_n his_o affair_n be_v in_o muscovy_n after_o the_o two_o last_o defeat_n begin_v to_o retract_v his_o promise_n of_o make_v himself_o a_o instrument_n to_o satisfy_v the_o revenge_n of_o the_o pole_n upon_o the_o muscovite_n and_o set_v before_o his_o eye_n the_o fatal_a end_n of_o the_o late_a demetrius_n terrent_fw-la quia_fw-la i_o vestigia_fw-la terrent_fw-la after_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o look_v upon_o the_o muscovian_a throne_n like_o the_o fox_n upon_o the_o lion_n den_n and_o therefore_o wise_o resolve_v rather_o to_o enjoy_v himself_o upon_o his_o plentiful_a estate_n in_o poland_n than_o to_o expose_v himself_o to_o danger_n for_o the_o imaginary_a lustre_n of_o a_o crown_n but_o the_o pole_n be_v full_o resolve_v not_o to_o acquit_v zuski_n thus_o of_o the_o barbarity_n commit_v against_o their_o countryman_n pole_n another_o demetrius_n set_v up_o by_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o long_o before_o they_o find_v out_o another_o to_o supply_v his_o place_n muscovy_n so_o fertile_a of_o impostor_n soon_o furnish_v they_o with_o one_o who_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o fit_a tool_n to_o promote_v their_o obstinate_a revenge_n against_o zuski_n this_o be_v one_o ivan_n or_o john_n a_o native_a of_o pocala_n a_o city_n of_o russia_n where_o he_o have_v be_v a_o schoolmaster_n for_o some_o time_n and_o be_v grow_v weary_a of_o his_o employment_n take_v hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o meliorate_v his_o condition_n and_o if_o possible_a to_o change_v his_o school_n sceptre_n for_o that_o of_o the_o muscovian_a empire_n the_o first_o who_o public_o espouse_v his_o interest_n be_v one_o micharetski_n a_o man_n of_o very_o eminent_a quality_n in_o poland_n who_o have_v gather_v a_o considerable_a body_n of_o troop_n they_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o to_o puttiwoll_n where_o have_v be_v receive_v with_o the_o great_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n and_o respect_v due_a to_o their_o sovereign_n they_o direct_v their_o march_n to_o the_o city_n of_o staradub_o where_o be_v reinforce_v by_o some_o muscovite_n that_o upon_o the_o rumour_n spread_v abroad_o of_o the_o arrival_n of_o their_o prince_n demetrius_n flock_v in_o to_o they_o from_o all_o part_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o march_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o thula_n the_o second_o counterfeit_a demetrius_n whilst_o they_o be_v concert_v measure_n to_o put_v their_o intend_a design_n in_o execution_n the_o messenger_n from_o the_o citizen_n of_o thula_n who_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v intercept_v by_o the_o enemy_n party_n that_o be_v abroad_o in_o great_a number_n have_v be_v oblige_v to_o travel_v a_o great_a way_n about_o before_o he_o arrive_v at_o staradub_o be_v introduce_v into_o the_o presence_n of_o this_o new_a model_v demetrius_n who_o though_o have_v some_o resemblance_n to_o the_o other_o demetrius_n yet_o be_v so_o far_o different_a from_o he_o who_o this_o messenger_n have_v see_v frequent_o before_o that_o he_o be_v not_o a_o little_a startle_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o it_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o deliver_v his_o message_n without_o confusion_n demetrius_n by_o the_o dissatisfaction_n he_o observe_v in_o his_o countenance_n so_o on_o guess_v at_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o judge_v it_o not_o advisable_v to_o send_v back_o his_o resolution_n of_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o town_n by_o this_o messenger_n who_o he_o fear_v may_v by_o this_o discovery_n raise_v a_o great_a prejudice_n in_o the_o place_n against_o his_o person_n and_o interest_n wherefore_o have_v order_v he_o to_o be_v secure_v under_o a_o good_a guard_n upon_o some_o pretence_n or_o other_o he_o resolve_v to_o detain_v he_o till_o he_o in_o person_n can_v march_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o the_o place_n this_o precaution_n zuski_n thula_n surrender_v to_o zuski_n though_o in_o itself_o found_v upon_o very_o weighty_a reason_n yet_o prove_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o thula_n for_o both_o the_o garrison_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o city_n not_o receive_v the_o least_o intelligence_n concern_v their_o messenger_n who_o they_o have_v dispatch_v into_o poland_n they_o conclude_v that_o he_o must_v have_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n it_o be_v resolve_v with_o joint-consent_n rather_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o advantageous_a condition_n offer_v to_o they_o by_o zuski_n than_o to_o perish_v by_o famine_n
into_o the_o fright_a citizens_n it_o be_v resolve_v with_o what_o force_n they_o can_v assemble_v in_o haste_n to_o post_v themselves_o in_o a_o very_a advantageous_a place_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o province_n of_o severia_n thereby_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o southern_a province_n of_o muscovy_n border_v on_o lithuania_n from_o whence_o they_o must_v be_v supply_v with_o man_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o the_o war._n the_o pole_n be_v not_o a_o little_a startle_v at_o this_o vigorous_a refolution_n of_o the_o muscovite_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v lose_v past_o all_o recovery_n but_o have_v no_o other_o way_n leave_v they_o to_o secure_v their_o retreat_n and_o to_o keep_v open_a the_o communication_n with_o their_o own_o country_n than_o their_o sword_n they_o resolve_v to_o make_v a_o amends_o for_o their_o ill_a conduct_n by_o their_o bravery_n have_v therefore_o draw_v back_o their_o army_n from_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n to_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n they_o march_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o severia_n where_o have_v with_o a_o most_o gallant_a resolution_n either_o to_o vanquish_v or_o to_o die_v defeat_v the_o muscovite_n defeat_v attack_v those_o force_n in_o their_o advantageous_a post_n they_o put_v they_o to_o the_o rout_n and_o thus_o have_v open_v their_o passage_n they_o pitch_v their_o tent_n near_o the_o city_n of_o tusin_n betwixt_o the_o two_o river_n tusin_n and_o moska_n which_o in_o a_o manner_n surround_v and_o secure_v their_o camp_n be_v now_o become_v more_o and_o more_o sensible_a of_o their_o error_n demetrius_n musco_n block_v up_o by_o demetrius_n in_o have_v neglect_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_v before_o of_o so_o advantageous_a a_o post_n which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n will_v have_v prove_v fatal_a to_o that_o city_n during_o the_o first_o consternation_n they_o by_o frequent_a excursion_n endeavour_v to_o repair_v their_o first_o fault_n by_o which_o they_o so_o enclose_v the_o citizen_n within_o their_o wall_n that_o scarce_o a_o man_n dare_v appear_v at_o any_o distance_n from_o the_o town_n the_o inhabitant_n see_v themselves_o thus_o reduce_v to_o great_a scarcity_n as_o be_v very_o near_o quite_o shut_v up_o by_o the_o frequent_a excursion_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o see_v themselves_o in_o no_o capacity_n at_o present_a to_o drive_v they_o from_o their_o advantageous_a post_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v whether_o by_o certain_a proposal_n of_o peace_n they_o may_v not_o disunite_v the_o pole_n in_o the_o camp_n of_o demetrius_n they_o have_v ever_o since_o the_o last_o massacre_n of_o the_o pole_n detain_v the_o polish_v ambassador_n and_o the_o weywodâ—_n of_o sendomiria_n with_o his_o daughter_n the_o great_a duchess_n marina_n prisoners_z and_o as_o they_o do_v not_o question_v that_o they_o be_v very_o desirous_a of_o their_o liberty_n so_o they_o believe_v they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o they_o as_o fit_a instrument_n to_o encompass_v their_o design_n it_o be_v not_o the_o reconciliation_n with_o the_o pole_n they_o aim_v at_o but_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o pole_n to_o be_v unstable_a they_o hope_v by_o this_o artifice_n to_o 〈◊〉_d time_n at_o least_o till_o the_o arrival_n of_o those_o supplieâ—_n which_o be_v raise_v for_o their_o relief_n in_o the_o northern_a province_n by_o knez_fw-fr basili_n masalski_n a_o near_a kâ—â—man_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n zuski_n to_o obtain_v this_o end_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v propose_v to_o the_o polish_v ambassador_n and_o the_o weigh_v wood_fw-mi of_o sendomiria_n and_o that_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n to_o remove_v all_o obstacle_n a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n shall_v be_v agrree_v on_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n the_o wey_n woo_v of_o sendomiria_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o lay_v hold_n of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o free_v himself_o from_o his_o captivity_n send_v one_o of_o his_o best_a friend_n into_o the_o camp_n of_o demetrius_n to_o make_v these_o proposal_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n to_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o pole_n to_o separate_v themselves_o from_o demetrius_n and_o to_o cease_v from_o commit_v any_o hostility_n which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n may_v prove_v a_o obstacle_n to_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o consequent_o to_o his_o liberty_n but_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n not_o measure_v their_o interest_n by_o that_o of_o the_o weywode_n but_o by_o the_o success_n of_o demetrius_n from_o whence_o they_o hope_v to_o reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o past_a labour_n be_v so_o 〈◊〉_d from_o harken_v to_o these_o proposition_n that_o they_o will_v not_o as_o much_o as_o enter_v upon_o the_o least_o commerce_n of_o a_o treaty_n unless_o it_o be_v grant_v as_o a_o preliminary_a article_n that_o demetrius_n shall_v be_v immediate_o restore_v to_o the_o throne_n and_o the_o usurper_n zuski_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o into_o their_o hand_n the_o muscovite_n find_v themselves_o disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n have_v no_o other_o mean_v leave_v to_o secure_v themselves_o but_o to_o repel_v force_n with_o force_n for_o which_o end_n have_v dispatch_v frequent_a messenger_n to_o basili_n masalski_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o to_o hasten_v to_o their_o relief_n he_o pursuant_n to_o the_o reiterated_a order_n from_o court_n march_v with_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o near_o fourscore_o thousand_o man_n towards_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n where_o have_v entrench_v himself_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n chodiunka_n about_o a_o league_n from_o the_o city_n he_o hope_v to_o meet_v with_o a_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o dislodge_v the_o demetrian_o or_o at_o least_o to_o annoy_v they_o and_o hinder_v their_o frequent_a excursion_n but_o roâ—inski_n who_o be_v not_o insensible_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o nearness_n of_o so_o great_a a_o army_n to_o his_o camp_n resolve_v to_o beat_v up_o their_o quarter_n with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n for_o which_o purpose_n he_o draw_v his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o line_n unperceived_a of_o the_o enemy_n by_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n roâ—ted_v the_o zuâ—kiâ—n_a army_n roâ—ted_v and_o have_v approach_v the_o enemy_n camp_n over-secure_a in_o their_o number_n and_o nearness_n to_o the_o city_n attack_v they_o in_o their_o entrenchment_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n they_o kill_v near_o twenty_o thousand_o upon_o the_o place_n the_o rest_n escape_v to_o the_o city_n leave_v among_o the_o prisoner_n their_o general_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o pole_n who_o have_v purchase_v so_o signal_n a_o victory_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o very_a few_o of_o their_o man_n have_v almost_o dear_o pay_v for_o it_o at_o last_o for_o have_v disperse_v themselves_o all_o over_o the_o field_n without_o the_o least_o order_n or_o any_o guard_n to_o secure_v they_o and_o be_v thus_o engage_v in_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n and_o the_o enemy_n camp_n the_o muscovite_n at_o break_n of_o day_n have_v be_v advertise_v of_o the_o disorder_n they_o be_v in_o â—â—llyed_v their_o scatter_a troop_n again_o kally_n again_o and_o be_v reinforce_v with_o fresh_a supply_n out_o of_o the_o city_n return_v to_o the_o charge_n and_o renew_v the_o combat_n fall_v every_o where_n upon_o the_o victorious_a pole_n before_o they_o have_v time_n to_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o posture_n of_o receive_v the_o enemy_n so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o disorder_n confusion_n and_o slaughter_n to_o be_v see_v all_o over_o the_o field_n and_o the_o muscovite_n be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o snatch_v the_o victory_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o conqueror_n who_o begin_v to_o prepare_v to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o their_o general_n who_o come_v in_o timely_a with_o a_o small_a body_n of_o horse_n to_o their_o assistance_n both_o by_o their_o word_n and_o example_n encourage_v they_o either_o to_o vanquish_v or_o to_o die_v they_o appear_v in_o every_o place_n where_o they_o find_v their_o presence_n most_o necessary_a to_o animate_v the_o soldier_n oppress_v by_o the_o number_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o tell_v they_o that_o be_v surround_v on_o all_o side_n they_o must_v put_v all_o their_o hope_n of_o relief_n on_o the_o point_n of_o their_o sword_n they_o represent_v to_o they_o how_o ignominious_a it_o will_v be_v to_o be_v rout_v by_o those_o they_o have_v so_o late_o vanquish_v and_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v rob_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o victory_n so_o that_o partly_o out_o of_o shame_n partly_o out_o of_o despair_n they_o first_o begin_v to_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n and_o then_o be_v animate_v with_o revenge_n they_o fall_v with_o such_o fury_n upon_o the_o muscovite_n time_n the_o zuskians_n
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so_o passionate_a and_o so_o natural_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a even_o for_o the_o most_o quick-sighted_a so_o much_o as_o to_o suspect_v a_o interview_n so_o solemn_a and_o passionate_a to_o be_v artificial_a especial_o when_o they_o see_v the_o lady_n marina_n after_o the_o first_o caress_n be_v pass_v pay_v to_o demetrius_n the_o high_a reverence_n and_o mark_n of_o a_o most_o profound_a esteem_n as_o she_o have_v before_o give_v he_o the_o most_o passionate_a testimony_n of_o a_o unfeigned_a love_n and_o the_o most_o sincere_a affection_n whilst_o demetrius_n can_v do_v nothing_o else_o than_o repay_v these_o endearment_n with_o his_o repeat_v embrace_n after_o some_o time_n spend_v in_o those_o mutual_a caress_n demetrius_n make_v his_o particular_a application_n to_o the_o weywode_n of_o sendomiria_n the_o father_n of_o marina_n unto_o who_o he_o tell_v that_o next_o to_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o dear_a spouse_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o barbarous_a wretch_n 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that_o he_o have_v all_o the_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o same_o power_n which_o have_v be_v so_o instrumental_a in_o preserve_v they_o from_o so_o many_o danger_n and_o surmount_v all_o these_o difficulty_n will_v crown_v all_o their_o past_a labour_n in_o a_o little_a time_n with_o a_o happy_a end_n to_o be_v short_a the_o lady_n play_v so_o natural_o the_o innocent_a her_o father_n so_o ingenious_o the_o politician_n and_o demetrius_n himself_o personate_v so_o artificial_o the_o real_a grand_a duke_n that_o all_o three_o act_v their_o part_n to_o the_o life_n draw_v tear_n from_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o spectator_n the_o most_o subtle_a and_o quick-sighted_a be_v constrain_v even_o against_o their_o inclination_n to_o rest_v satisfy_v in_o such_o apparent_a testimony_n of_o a_o well-grounded_n love_n and_o friendship_n as_o all_o the_o rest_n however_o waver_v before_o be_v now_o confirm_v of_o the_o reality_n of_o demetrius_n to_o be_v past_o all_o dispute_n the_o whole_a ceremony_n be_v end_v in_o the_o field_n with_o all_o the_o dexterity_n imaginable_a they_o march_v in_o great_a pomp_n under_o the_o acclamation_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n to_o demetrius_n his_o tent._n the_o rumour_n of_o this_o extraordinary_a interview_n have_v be_v soon_o spread_v all_o over_o the_o neighbour_a province_n and_o from_o thence_o throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o muscovite_n caâ—â—e_v flock_v to_o the_o camp_n from_o all_o part_n and_o the_o most_o remote_a province_n send_v their_o deputy_n to_o make_v their_o submission_n to_o demetrius_n scarce_o any_o stand_n out_o except_o smolensko_n with_o its_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o a_o few_o other_o so_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v abundant_o supply_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n out_o of_o the_o circumjacent_a part_n thing_n be_v in_o this_o posture_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o render_v the_o whole_a camp_n more_o convenient_a and_o accommodate_v it_o against_o the_o approach_a 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the_o general_a defection_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o by_o the_o countenance_n of_o their_o camp_n seem_v to_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o quit_v the_o enterprise_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n yet_o do_v not_o lose_v courage_n and_o find_v themselves_o deprive_v of_o all_o mean_n to_o draw_v supply_n out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n they_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o same_o policy_n which_o boris_n goudenou_n intend_v to_o have_v make_v use_n of_o against_o the_o pole_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v prevent_v by_o his_o sudden_a death_n they_o be_v sufficient_o sensible_a that_o charles_n than_o king_n of_o sweden_n who_o have_v find_v mean_n to_o exclude_v his_o nephew_n sigismond_n than_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o lawful_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n from_o that_o crown_n will_v be_v glad_a of_o any_o opportunity_n to_o stop_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o pole_n to_o prevent_v their_o become_a master_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o 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be_v ready_a to_o triumph_v over_o they_o
as_o it_o will_v sufficient_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o history_n for_o when_o the_o pole_n see_v the_o muscovite_n reduce_v to_o the_o great_a strait_n that_o can_v be_v by_o these_o intestine_a dissension_n raise_v and_o foment_v by_o their_o contrivance_n they_o judge_v now_o to_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o that_o vast_a empire_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o senate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n represent_v to_o their_o king_n sigismond_n how_o easy_a it_o will_v be_v for_o he_o at_o this_o critical_a juncture_n to_o give_v law_n to_o both_o party_n in_o that_o divide_a empire_n if_o he_o will_v show_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o considerable_a army_n which_o be_v ready_a at_o hand_n in_o poland_n to_o march_v upon_o his_o first_o order_n into_o russia_n where_o they_o may_v live_v upon_o the_o country_n whereas_o they_o must_v now_o be_v maintain_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o 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their_o lawful_a great_a duke_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n against_o the_o usurper_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o right_o will_v take_v off_o the_o blame_v of_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o truce_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o world_n king_n sigismond_n be_v sway_v by_o these_o important_a consideration_n allege_v by_o his_o council_n at_o last_o determine_v to_o invade_v muscovy_n with_o a_o army_n to_o be_v command_v by_o himself_o in_o order_n to_o this_o design_n every_o thing_n be_v get_v ready_a with_o all_o possible_a speed_n he_o put_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o aâ—my_n consist_v of_o thirty-thousand_a man_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1609_o muscovy_n king_n sigismond_n 〈◊〉_d muscovy_n in_o august_n pass_v the_o river_n borysthenes_n enter_v the_o territory_n of_o muscovy_n it_o be_v without_o all_o dispute_n that_o if_o pursuant_n to_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o his_o council_n he_o have_v march_v direct_o to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o demetrian_a army_n attack_v that_o city_n or_o at_o least_o block_v it_o up_o more_o close_o than_o before_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o be_v already_o reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o want_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n will_v soon_o have_v be_v force_v to_o abandon_v zuski_n and_o to_o embrace_v his_o party_n which_o do_v it_o will_v have_v be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o suppress_v demetrius_n by_o draw_v from_o his_o side_n the_o cosack_n and_o pole_n the_o main_a if_o not_o the_o only_a strength_n of_o his_o army_n by_o great_a reward_n and_o thus_o either_o to_o render_v himself_o absolute_a master_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n or_o at_o least_o by_o come_v to_o a_o composition_n with_o demetrius_n to_o unite_v all_o the_o muscovian_a province_n border_v on_o lithuania_n and_o poland_n with_o his_o crown_n but_o instead_o of_o follow_v these_o wholesome_a counsel_n he_o take_v quite_o contrary_a measure_n which_o render_v his_o whole_a design_n abortive_a and_o lose_v his_o son_n vladislaus_n the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n as_o he_o himself_o by_o his_o own_o mismanagement_n have_v lose_v that_o of_o sweden_n it_o have_v be_v insinuate_v to_o he_o that_o if_o he_o will_v march_v to_o smolensko_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n it_o will_v be_v surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n at_o his_o first_o appear_v before_o it_o this_o city_n which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o borysthenes_n and_o surround_v with_o a_o very_a good_a wall_n of_o stone_n and_o brick_n be_v in_o those_o day_n much_o large_a than_o it_o be_v now_o it_o have_v be_v much_o alter_v from_o its_o former_a beauty_n and_o wealth_n by_o the_o various_a chance_n of_o war_n and_o though_o it_o have_v no_o outwork_n or_o ditch_n yet_o this_o defect_n be_v supply_v by_o a_o very_a numerous_a garrison_n consist_v of_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n beside_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o number_n amount_v to_o 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himself_o miserable_o mistake_v both_o in_o his_o intelligence_n and_o purpose_n the_o garrison_n make_v a_o furious_a sally_n upon_o he_o and_o be_v afterward_o summon_v to_o surrender_v by_o sapiha_n the_o chancellor_n of_o lithuania_n the_o weywodâ—_n sehin_n reject_v his_o offer_n with_o scorn_n there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o army_n who_o advise_v the_o king_n not_o to_o hazard_v his_o army_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o a_o place_n which_o be_v provide_v with_o a_o numerous_a garrison_n and_o resolute_a in_o its_o defence_n will_v prove_v a_o work_n of_o great_a difficulty_n to_o gain_v but_o to_o take_v hold_n of_o this_o favourable_a juncture_n which_o invite_v he_o to_o musco_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o empire_n before_o they_o be_v reinforce_v with_o the_o swedish_n auxiliary_n but_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o lithuanian_a chancellor_n and_o his_o friend_n be_v most_o prevail_a who_o remonstrate_v that_o a_o few_o month_n will_v reduce_v so_o great_a a_o multitude_n however_o well_o provide_v at_o present_a to_o distress_n when_o restrain_v from_o forage_a and_o bring_v in_o provision_n or_o at_o the_o worst_a that_o a_o vigorous_a attack_z will_v in_o a_o little_a time_n bring_v they_o to_o better_a term_n by_o which_o the_o king_n have_v secure_v himself_o a_o safe_a retreat_n may_v with_o the_o less_o danger_n march_v to_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o musco_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n the_o king_n order_v all_o the_o avenue_n and_o passage_n lead_v to_o the_o city_n to_o be_v take_v up_o by_o his_o cavalry_n and_o afterward_o by_o make_v a_o line_n of_o circumvallation_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n betwixt_o the_o garrison_n and_o the_o country_n but_o have_v not_o long_o after_o receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o the_o place_n be_v provide_v with_o great_a store_n of_o all_o necessary_n this_o attempt_n will_v in_o all_o likelihood_n prove_v abortive_a they_o alter_v their_o resolution_n it_o be_v judge_v most_o advisable_a to_o change_v the_o blockado_n into_o a_o formal_a siege_n for_o which_o purpose_n smolensko_n sigismond_n besieges_fw-fr smolensko_n the_o king_n have_v order_v his_o cannon_n for_o battery_n and_o other_o instrument_n for_o a_o siege_n to_o be_v carry_v thither_o out_o of_o lithuania_n the_o city_n be_v besiege_v in_o due_a form_n the_o king_n be_v attack_v be_v carry_v on_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o place_n his_o quarter_n extend_v from_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n borysthenes_n to_o the_o south_n the_o attack_z of_o the_o cosack_n be_v on_o the_o east-side_n their_o quarter_n reach_v from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o same_o river_n the_o sieur_n potocki_n palatine_n of_o braclow_n have_v his_o post_n assign_v he_o on_o the_o north-side_n on_o the_o opposite_a shore_n of_o the_o borysthenes_n to_o prevent_v any_o succour_n from_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o
town_n that_o way_n but_o the_o besieger_n advance_v but_o slow_o in_o their_o work_n for_o want_n of_o foot_n for_o though_o the_o king_n have_v late_o receive_v a_o reinforcement_n of_o five_o thousand_o cosack_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o above_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n in_o his_o whole_a army_n which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o polander_n be_v chief_o compose_v of_o horse_n these_o bear_v no_o proportion_n to_o so_o numerous_a a_o garrison_n they_o be_v continual_o harrass_v by_o the_o frequent_a sally_n of_o the_o besiege_a who_o often_o drive_v they_o from_o their_o trench_n before_o they_o can_v be_v second_v by_o their_o horse_n their_o approach_n be_v thus_o carry_v on_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n a_o considerable_a time_n be_v spend_v before_o they_o can_v possess_v themselves_o of_o some_o advantageous_a post_n near_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v very_o convenient_a for_o the_o besieger_n to_o fetch_v in_o their_o supply_n of_o fresh_a water_n put_v they_o to_o some_o distress_n that_o way_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o they_o have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o it_o in_o the_o nighttime_n without_o be_v perceive_v by_o the_o enemy_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o river_n thus_o the_o siege_n continue_v with_o abundance_n of_o toil_n but_o small_a success_n the_o king_n who_o now_o begin_v to_o be_v sensible_a of_o his_o error_n be_v resolve_v upon_o a_o punctilio_n of_o honour_n not_o to_o leave_v the_o place_n till_o it_o be_v reduce_v cost_v it_o what_o it_o will_v so_o that_o many_o of_o the_o pole_n but_o especial_o of_o the_o cosack_n pay_v with_o their_o life_n for_o their_o king_n obstinacy_n who_o may_v have_v be_v employ_v with_o much_o more_o probability_n of_o success_n against_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n for_o whilst_o the_o king_n be_v thus_o waste_v his_o force_n before_o smolensko_n the_o zuskians_n have_v receive_v advice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o swedish_n troop_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n begin_v to_o concert_v measure_n how_o to_o remove_v at_o a_o further_a distance_n the_o demetrian_a force_n that_o have_v lie_v so_o long_o at_o their_o door_n they_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o the_o pole_n labour_v under_o in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n they_o have_v sufficient_a intelligence_n of_o their_o division_n and_o animosity_n in_o their_o council_n occasion_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o chief_a commander_n who_o be_v sway_v more_o by_o their_o particular_a interest_n and_o ambition_n than_o the_o good_a of_o the_o common_a cause_n lose_v many_o time_n a_o opportunity_n of_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n this_o instability_n in_o their_o council_n cause_v much_o carelessness_n in_o the_o whole_a conduct_n of_o their_o affair_n which_o frequent_o turn_v to_o their_o great_a disadvantage_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o may_n in_o the_o same_o year_n when_o a_o sharp_a engagement_n happen_v betwixt_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n and_o the_o demetrian_o these_o have_v at_o first_o the_o better_a of_o they_o but_o make_v a_o disorderly_a retreat_n without_o the_o least_o necessity_n and_o fall_v to_o plunder_v the_o dead_a give_v the_o enemy_n opportunity_n to_o rally_v and_o be_v reinforce_v with_o fresh_a troop_n out_o of_o the_o city_n they_o so_o furious_o charge_v the_o pole_n that_o they_o entire_o â—outed_v they_o most_o of_o their_o foot_n be_v either_o kill_v or_o take_v prisoner_n the_o disgrace_n they_o receive_v not_o long_o after_o at_o it_o be_v most_o chief_o be_v ascribe_v to_o their_o divide_a counsel_n for_o the_o pole_n have_v get_v intelligence_n that_o the_o swedish_n auxiliary_n be_v march_v towards_o musco_n send_v zlarowski_n with_o three_o thousand_o â—orse_n to_o observe_v their_o motion_n and_o to_o annoy_v they_o if_o possible_a in_o their_o march_n zlarowski_n have_v have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o surprise_v one_o of_o their_o regiment_n which_o be_v advance_v at_o some_o distance_n before_o the_o rest_n he_o cut_v they_o all_o to_o piece_n this_o so_o alarm_v the_o muscovite_n who_o have_v put_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o their_o safety_n in_o these_o auxiliary_a troop_n that_o they_o march_v out_o with_o their_o whole_a strength_n and_o join_v they_o near_o the_o city_n of_o it_o be_v the_o pole_n have_v get_v notice_n of_o their_o march_n send_v also_o a_o considerable_a reinforcement_n to_o zlarowski_n who_o meet_v they_o some_o few_o mile_n beyond_o it_o be_v be_v engagement_n betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o muscovite_n near_o it_o be_v a_o fierce_a engagement_n ensue_v both_o party_n dispute_v the_o victory_n with_o great_a obstinacy_n the_o polish_v horse_n attack_v the_o two_o wing_n of_o the_o enemy_n with_o a_o irresistible_a courage_n and_o the_o russian_n fight_v for_o the_o last_o stake_n behave_v themselves_o like_o man_n resolve_v either_o to_o overcome_v or_o die_v notwithstanding_o which_o they_o be_v force_v to_o give_v ground_n both_o wing_n be_v after_o a_o bloody_a and_o obstinate_a fight_n rout_v by_o the_o pole_n who_o kill_v 8000_o among_o who_o be_v 1000_o german_a horse_n upon_o the_o spot_n but_o the_o foot_n stand_v all_o this_o while_n unmovable_a and_o have_v several_a time_n make_v zlarowski_n who_o command_v the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o polish_v army_n give_v ground_n and_o though_o now_o leave_v by_o their_o horse_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o advantageous_a post_n where_o they_o can_v not_o be_v attack_v without_o great_a disadvantage_n the_o polish_v horse_n be_v extreme_o tire_v by_o the_o fatigue_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n much_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n it_o be_v not_o think_v advisable_v to_o pursue_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a all_o the_o able_a and_o most_o experience_a officer_n be_v of_o opinion_n to_o rest_v content_v with_o what_o advantage_n they_o have_v get_v and_o to_o withdraw_v to_o some_o more_o advantageous_a post_n but_o zlarowski_n emulous_a of_o the_o honour_n the_o rest_n have_v goten_a will_v by_o no_o mean_n consent_n to_o their_o advice_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n whether_o he_o can_v in_o some_o measure_n recover_v the_o disgrace_n he_o have_v receive_v in_o that_o day_n action_n will_v not_o stir_v from_o his_o post_n though_o expose_v to_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n so_o that_o the_o rest_n see_v he_o resolute_a and_o obstinate_a against_o their_o counsel_n they_o quarter_v themselves_o in_o some_o of_o the_o adjacent_a village_n the_o enemy_n have_v by_o some_o deserter_n get_v notice_n what_o effect_n their_o divide_a counsel_n have_v produce_v soon_o rally_v their_o horse_n and_o have_a rejoin_v their_o foot_n by_o break_n of_o day_n fall_v with_o such_o fury_n upon_o the_o pole_n that_o see_v themselves_o thus_o surprise_v and_o in_o no_o capacity_n to_o second_v one_o another_o they_o fight_v their_o way_n through_o the_o enemy_n the_o foot_n retire_v to_o it_o be_v the_o horse_n make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n to_o their_o camp_n near_o musco_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a many_o of_o their_o companion_n and_o all_o their_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n the_o muscovite_n flush_v with_o this_o happy_a success_n march_v direct_o to_o it_o be_v where_o they_o storm_v the_o castle_n at_o three_o several_a time_n with_o more_o courage_n than_o conduct_n for_o the_o polish_v foot_n which_o get_v before_o they_o within_o the_o place_n repulse_v they_o every_o time_n with_o great_a slaughter_n so_o that_o despair_v of_o carry_v the_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o numerous_a garrison_n they_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o direct_v their_o march_n towards_o the_o river_n wolga_n at_o some_o miles_n distance_n from_o kolasinum_n kolasinum_n aâ—â—ther_o engagement_n near_o kolasinum_n they_o be_v encounter_v by_o a_o great_a body_n of_o the_o demetrian_a horse_n who_o fall_v in_o their_o rear_n bring_v the_o whole_a arrier-guard_n in_o confusion_n till_o second_v by_o some_o fresh_a regiment_n they_o force_v the_o pole_n to_o retire_v beside_o this_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o their_o discipline_n in_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n have_v occasion_v several_a sedition_n for_o want_n of_o pay_n so_o that_o demetrius_n to_o satisfy_v their_o demand_n be_v force_v to_o lay_v such_o heavy_a taxation_n upon_o the_o province_n which_o have_v submit_v to_o his_o obedience_n that_o at_o last_o become_v intolerable_a most_o of_o the_o great_a city_n revolt_v and_o the_o country_n refuse_v to_o pay_v any_o further_a contribution_n look_v upon_o they_o as_o the_o fuel_n that_o nourish_v the_o flame_n which_o have_v almost_o consume_v they_o in_o some_o place_n they_o grow_v so_o outrageous_a as_o to_o seize_v imprison_v and_o kill_v the_o tax-gatherers_a demetrius_z therefore_o to_o maintain_v his_o authority_n and_o to_o protect_v his_o officer_n be_v oblige_v to_o send_v strong_a party_n into_o
to_o moulder_v away_o to_o nothing_o by_o the_o intestine_a dissension_n of_o their_o general_n and_o the_o carelessness_n of_o their_o martial_a discipline_n but_o more_o especial_o by_o the_o mismanagement_n of_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o by_o the_o unseasonable_a distraction_n occasion_v by_o his_o recall_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o the_o demetrian_a camp_n be_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o muscovite_n to_o his_o great_a detriment_n for_o the_o enemy_n who_o before_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o maintain_v himself_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o musco_n be_v now_o free_v from_o that_o thorn_n that_o stick_v so_o deep_a in_o his_o flesh_n soon_o gather_v new_a strength_n for_o that_o the_o king_n who_o may_v if_o he_o have_v give_v due_a encouragement_n to_o have_v demetrius_n prosecute_v the_o war_n at_o the_o expense_n and_o danger_n of_o other_o or_o at_o least_o have_v share_v both_o with_o they_o by_o his_o obstinate_a perseverance_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o smolensko_n draw_v the_o whole_a burden_n of_o the_o war_n upon_o his_o own_o shoulder_n and_o thus_o rob_v himself_o of_o the_o glory_n and_o advantage_n of_o make_v himself_o the_o arbitrator_n betwixt_o both_o the_o contend_a party_n this_o memorable_a siege_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1610._o the_o citizen_n of_o musco_n see_v themselves_o thus_o deliver_v from_o their_o troublesome_a neighbour_n begin_v now_o to_o assume_v new_a courage_n and_o vigour_n and_o have_v drive_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o peresla_n and_o alexandria_n most_o of_o the_o province_n which_o be_v revolt_v to_o demetrius_n now_o again_o declare_v for_o zuski_n offer_v considerable_a supply_n and_o promise_v their_o utmost_a assistance_n in_o chase_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o muscovy_n zuski_n have_v conceive_v new_a hope_n of_o success_n from_o the_o zeal_n of_o his_o subject_n march_v to_o the_o riâ—er_n wolga_n where_o he_o recover_v all_o the_o place_n as_o yet_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o demetrian_o and_o force_v sapiha_n who_o as_o we_o mention_v before_o remain_v steadfast_a in_o the_o interest_n of_o demetrius_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o the_o strong_a convent_n of_o troitza_n rosinski_n after_o his_o separation_n from_o sapiha_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o demetrian_a force_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o volock_n and_o the_o strong_a convent_n of_o ossipow_n both_o which_o he_o have_v provide_v with_o a_o good_a garrison_n have_v send_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n under_o the_o command_n of_o zlarowski_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n before_o smolensko_n he_o himself_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o indisposition_n occasion_v by_o a_o hurt_n he_o receive_v before_o musco_n detain_v at_o volock_n his_o distemper_n increase_v every_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o distraction_n of_o his_o mind_n create_v by_o his_o late_a ill_a success_n he_o be_v at_o last_o overcome_v more_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o his_o grief_n than_o of_o his_o malady_n which_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o life_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n die_v rosinski_n die_v at_o that_o very_a time_n when_o the_o zuskians_n be_v approach_v the_o place_n in_o order_n to_o besiege_v it_o volviowitz_n the_o zuskian_n general_n have_v soon_o receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o death_n of_o rosinski_n hasten_v his_o march_n and_o have_v immediate_o cause_v the_o town_n to_o be_v attack_v with_o vigour_n the_o garrison_n all_o in_o a_o distraction_n by_o the_o death_n of_o their_o general_n surrender_v it_o in_o a_o few_o day_n without_o make_v any_o considerable_a resistance_n from_o thence_o he_o turn_v his_o arm_n to_o ossipoâ—_n which_o he_o also_o take_v but_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a many_o of_o his_o men._n for_o this_o place_n be_v garrison_v by_o a_o thousand_o french_a and_o german_n they_o beat_v off_o the_o muscovite_n in_o several_a bloody_a assault_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o turn_v the_o siege_n into_o a_o blockade_n which_o have_v reduce_v the_o garrison_n to_o the_o last_o extremity_n for_o want_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n they_o take_v a_o resolution_n rather_o to_o force_v their_o way_n with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n through_o the_o enemy_n than_o tame_o to_o surrender_v upon_o dishonourable_a condition_n they_o choose_v midnight_n as_o the_o fit_a time_n for_o the_o exploit_n when_o have_v refresh_v themselves_o with_o what_o provision_n there_o be_v leave_v and_o have_v take_v their_o farewell_n of_o one_o another_o by_o embrace_n and_o drink_v each_o a_o cup_n of_o aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la they_o make_v a_o sally_n out_o of_o the_o gate_n which_o lead_v to_o smolensko_n and_o like_a man_n resolve_v to_o die_v attack_v the_o muscovite_n in_o their_o post_n with_o a_o unparalleled_a bravery_n of_o who_o a_o great_a many_o be_v kill_v before_o they_o can_v be_v relieve_v by_o fresh_a troop_n when_o their_o number_n increase_v continual_o they_o kill_v most_o of_o the_o garrison_n but_o not_o without_o great_a slaughter_n on_o their_o side_n two_o hundred_o only_o escape_v to_o king_n sigismund_n camp_n and_o the_o rest_n sell_v their_o life_n so_o dear_o that_o some_o thousand_o of_o the_o muscovite_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o place_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v make_v several_a fruitless_a attack_n upon_o the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n the_o garrison_n of_o which_o place_v defend_v itself_o with_o a_o most_o gallant_a resolution_n the_o attempt_n which_o be_v make_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o s._n michael_n by_o one_o nowodorski_n a_o polander_n and_o captain_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n deserve_v among_o the_o rest_n a_o particular_a remembrance_n here_o for_o he_o have_v fasten_v a_o petard_n to_o the_o abovementioned_a gate_n lay_v open_v a_o passage_n into_o the_o town_n and_o with_o a_o few_o young_a polish_v nobleman_n enter_v the_o city_n with_o their_o scimitar_n draw_v cut_v down_o all_o before_o they_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o if_o they_o have_v be_v vigorous_o second_v by_o the_o rest_n the_o place_n must_v have_v infallible_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n sigismond_n but_o most_o of_o they_o not_o dare_v to_o follow_v he_o and_o his_o small_a company_n be_v overpower_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o muscovite_n who_o flock_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o gate_n yet_o they_o make_v good_a their_o retreat_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o only_a of_o their_o companion_n leave_v behind_o they_o most_o evident_a proof_n of_o their_o valour_n among_o the_o muscovite_n they_o be_v now_o forewarn_v take_v care_n to_o block_n up_o their_o gate_n with_o earth_n and_o make_v deep_a trench_n before_o they_o to_o prevent_v their_o be_v surprise_v upon_o the_o same_o account_n for_o the_o future_a zuski_n be_v flush_v with_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o success_n and_o have_v get_v together_o a_o army_n of_o above_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n all_o choose_a troop_n a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o be_v german_n swede_n and_o french_a be_v resolve_v to_o push_v on_o his_o fortune_n and_o if_o possible_a to_o clear_a muscovy_n both_o of_o its_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a enemy_n if_o he_o have_v bend_v his_o whole_a force_n against_o demetrius_n who_o at_o thatâ—time_o lay_v with_o the_o remnant_n of_o his_o army_n near_o caluga_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v destroy_v he_o and_o his_o party_n past_o all_o recovery_n but_o despise_v his_o small_a number_n he_o commit_v the_o care_n of_o they_o to_o his_o tartarian_a troop_n whilst_o he_o with_o the_o main_a army_n march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o smolensko_n king_n sigismond_n have_v receive_v timely_a intelligence_n of_o their_o design_n be_v not_o unprepared_a for_o their_o reception_n and_o have_v send_v stanislaus_n zolkievitski_n with_o ten_o thousand_o man_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o some_o advantageous_a post_n near_o clusin_n he_o resolve_v there_o to_o expect_v the_o enemy_n not_o many_o day_n be_v pass_v before_o the_o muscovite_n be_v advance_v within_o sight_n of_o the_o pole_n when_o pursuant_n to_o a_o resolution_n take_v in_o a_o council_n of_o war_n the_o whole_a army_n be_v draw_v out_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n to_o attack_v in_o their_o advantage_n the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o zuskian_n army_n be_v compose_v of_o muscovite_n the_o right_n of_o swede_n french_a and_o a_o good_a number_n of_o tartarian_a horse_n the_o main_a body_n consist_v most_o of_o german_n and_o some_o other_o mercenary_a soldier_n the_o pole_n be_v much_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o the_o muscovite_n but_o trust_v upon_o their_o courage_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o receive_v the_o enemy_n with_o great_a bravery_n who_o confide_v in_o their_o number_n attack_v they_o with_o incredible_a fury_n the_o fight_n be_v very_o bloody_a and_o remain_v doubtful_a for_o some_o
and_o the_o acclamation_n of_o the_o people_n as_o a_o further_a pledge_n of_o their_o fidelity_n and_o to_o remove_v all_o the_o shadow_n of_o dissimulation_n from_o themselves_o they_o sacrifice_v zuski_n and_o his_o two_o brother_n to_o the_o present_a exigency_n of_o the_o state_n who_o be_v surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o zolkievitzki_n and_o by_o his_o direction_n send_v to_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n where_o the_o unfortunate_a zuski_n pole_n zuski_n surrender_v to_o the_o pole_n with_o one_o of_o his_o brother_n after_o have_v be_v force_v to_o adorn_v the_o triumph_n of_o king_n sigismond_n and_o zolkievitzki_n end_v his_o day_n in_o prison_n as_o will_v appear_v out_o of_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n iii_o contain_v a_o full_a relation_n of_o the_o revolution_n which_o happen_v in_o muscovy_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o election_n of_o uladislaus_n son_n of_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o michael_n federowitz_n the_o present_a czar_n grandfather_n zolkievitzki_n the_o polish_v general_n have_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o new_a great_a duke_n vladislaus_n take_v possession_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o musco_n and_o the_o royal_a palace_n with_o a_o guard_n of_o a_o thousand_o pole_n it_o be_v unanimous_o resolve_v to_o send_v a_o splendid_a embassy_n to_o king_n sigismond_n before_o smolensko_n to_o make_v a_o tender_a of_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n to_o his_o son_n vladislaus_n and_o to_o desire_v his_o confirmation_n of_o the_o article_n agree_v on_o betwixt_o the_o russian_n and_o the_o polish_v general_n the_o embassy_n be_v compose_v of_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a boyar_n of_o the_o empire_n attend_v with_o a_o most_o magnificent_a and_o numerous_a train_n they_o be_v receive_v with_o more_o than_o ordinary_a honour_n by_o king_n sigismond_n who_o send_v out_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o horse_n from_o before_o smolensko_n with_o all_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n and_o his_o courtier_n to_o receive_v they_o at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o camp_n be_v introduce_v into_o the_o king_n presence_n they_o address_v themselves_o in_o a_o speech_n full_a of_o flattery_n and_o dissimulation_n uladislaus_n the_o muscovite_n tender_v the_o crown_n to_o uladislaus_n under_o which_o they_o hide_v their_o secret_a aversion_n to_o the_o pole_n they_o tell_v he_o how_o overjoy_v they_o be_v to_o see_v that_o day_n which_o they_o hope_v will_v restore_v tranquillity_n to_o their_o harrassed_a country_n by_o the_o choice_n they_o have_v late_o make_v of_o his_o son_n vladislaus_n for_o their_o great_a duke_n humble_o beseech_v the_o king_n that_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o near_a interest_n he_o now_o have_v in_o their_o preservation_n he_o will_v vouchsafe_v to_o take_v they_o and_o their_o afflict_a country_n into_o his_o royal_a protection_n as_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o revive_v the_o former_a flourish_a state_n of_o the_o russian_a empire_n which_o have_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o very_a brink_n of_o ruin_n by_o their_o intestine_a division_n that_o their_o late_a election_n have_v be_v unanimous_a and_o found_v upon_o hope_n of_o their_o future_a felicity_n they_o beg_v of_o his_o majesty_n not_o to_o deny_v they_o their_o earnest_a request_n but_o to_o send_v as_o soon_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v their_o prince_n into_o russia_n in_o order_n to_o let_v they_o enjoy_v the_o comfort_n of_o his_o presence_n and_o protection_n and_o to_o complete_a their_o election_n by_o crown_v he_o great_a duke_n and_o emperor_n with_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n in_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o musco_n they_o relate_v to_o he_o the_o condition_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v as_o we_o have_v relate_v they_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n they_o enlarge_v themselves_o much_o in_o praise_n of_o the_o greek_a religion_n and_o how_o necessary_a it_o will_v be_v for_o the_o prince_n to_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o muscovian_a church_n which_o they_o say_v aught_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o foundation-stone_n of_o that_o monarchy_n from_o whence_o depend_v the_o common_a safety_n both_o of_o prince_n and_o people_n all_o which_o they_o recommend_v to_o his_o royal_a wisdom_n king_n sigismond_n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o these_o subtle_a insinuation_n proceed_v more_o from_o the_o present_a necessity_n of_o their_o affair_n than_o any_o good_a will_v either_o to_o himself_o or_o the_o polish_v nation_n be_v not_o want_v to_o give_v they_o a_o answer_v suitable_a to_o the_o present_a occasion_n and_o have_v receive_v their_o message_n with_o a_o very_a serene_a countenance_n and_o seem_a gladness_n he_o answer_v they_o in_o general_a term_n that_o he_o can_v not_o but_o receive_v the_o honour_n confer_v upon_o his_o son_n by_o the_o offer_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o so_o great_a a_o empire_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o gladness_n but_o that_o as_o the_o chief_a satisfaction_n he_o take_v in_o their_o election_n be_v their_o unanimous_a consent_n so_o he_o assure_v they_o that_o he_o shall_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o indispensible_a obligation_n to_o assist_v at_o all_o time_n hereafter_o their_o country_n with_o his_o aid_n and_o counsel_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o hope_v a_o mutual_a good_a correspondency_n may_v be_v establish_v betwixt_o thâ—se_a two_o potent_a neighbour_a crown_n of_o muscovy_n and_o poland_n to_o their_o mutual_a advantage_n and_o as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o particular_n of_o the_o treaty_n they_o be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n as_o to_o deserve_v a_o particular_a consideration_n he_o will_v after_o have_v well_o weigh_v the_o matter_n send_v his_o full_a instruction_n to_o his_o general_n zolkievitzki_n resident_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n with_o who_o the_o whole_a matter_n may_v be_v complete_v at_o their_o own_o home_n to_o the_o satisfaction_n as_o he_o hope_v of_o both_o party_n the_o ambassador_n be_v in_o all_o outward_a appearance_n very_o well_o satisfy_v with_o this_o answer_n there_o pass_v abundance_n of_o caress_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o polish_v lord_n by_o who_o they_o be_v sumptuous_o feast_v at_o sundry_a time_n with_o such_o mutual_a profession_n of_o friendship_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v but_o one_o people_n the_o same_o kindness_n be_v show_v betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o pole_n in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n whereby_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v inveigle_v into_o a_o profound_a security_n the_o pole_n find_v mean_n by_o degree_n to_o creep_v into_o the_o castle_n to_o the_o number_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o thousand_o which_o afterward_o prove_v fatal_a to_o that_o city_n the_o ambassador_n have_v not_o long_o after_o demand_v their_o audience_n of_o leave_n from_o sigismond_n in_o order_n to_o their_o departure_n the_o king_n in_o return_n to_o their_o demand_n ask_v from_o they_o the_o surrender_n of_o smolensko_n in_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n vladislaus_n elect_v and_o proclaim_v great_a duke_n of_o russia_n unto_o which_o they_o have_v answer_v that_o they_o have_v nothing_o of_o it_o in_o their_o instruction_n and_o that_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o russian_n will_v be_v unwilling_a to_o surrender_v a_o place_n of_o such_o importance_n till_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v come_v in_o person_n to_o the_o capital_a city_n and_o crown_v and_o swear_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a article_n they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o depart_v till_o further_a order_n for_o king_n sigismond_n have_v full_o weigh_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o especial_o their_o refusal_n of_o the_o surrender_n of_o smolensko_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o and_o more_o convince_v of_o their_o fraudulent_a deal_n and_o know_v that_o it_o be_v not_o their_o free_a choice_n but_o the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o their_o affair_n that_o have_v raise_v his_o son_n to_o the_o throne_n he_o have_v all_o the_o reason_n to_o fear_v that_o when_o he_o have_v withdraw_v his_o force_n out_o of_o muscovy_n they_o will_v make_v their_o advantage_n by_o the_o unexperience_n of_o his_o son_n and_o justle_v he_o out_o of_o the_o throne_n but_o if_o he_o shall_v forbear_v to_o send_v he_o till_o he_o come_v to_o his_o ripe_a year_n they_o will_v from_o thence_o without_o question_n take_v occasion_n to_o recall_v their_o choice_n and_o elect_v another_o in_o his_o stead_n and_o consider_v that_o he_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o such_o strait_n as_o have_v make_v they_o take_v those_o measure_n so_o little_a suitable_a to_o their_o incination_n but_o mere_o invent_v to_o disentangle_v themselves_o out_o of_o their_o present_a distress_n he_o look_v upon_o it_o not_o only_o as_o inglorious_a by_o accept_v their_o condition_n to_o receive_v instead_o of_o impose_v law_n upon_o they_o but_o also_o quite_o inconsistent_a with_o his_o own_o interest_n and_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o son_n all_o his_o thought_n therefore_o be_v bend_v upon_o the_o siege_n
of_o smolensko_n which_o when_o take_v he_o suppose_v he_o may_v appear_v among_o they_o as_o a_o conqueror_n and_o prescribe_v such_o law_n to_o the_o deceitful_a muscovite_n as_o shall_v be_v most_o consistent_a both_o with_o his_o honour_n and_o safety_n this_o be_v the_o resolution_n of_o sigismond_n but_o his_o able_a counsellor_n be_v of_o a_o quite_o different_a opinion_n for_o though_o they_o be_v no_o less_o satisfy_v in_o the_o deceitful_a intention_n of_o the_o muscovite_n than_o the_o king_n himself_o yet_o do_v they_o not_o judge_v it_o advisable_v to_o drive_v matter_n to_o extremity_n and_o to_o commit_v that_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o sword_n which_o may_v be_v obtain_v without_o opposition_n they_o represent_v to_o the_o king_n that_o the_o conquest_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o empire_n can_v not_o be_v obtain_v without_o the_o effusion_n of_o much_o blood_n and_o the_o expense_n of_o vast_a treasure_n whereas_o if_o what_o have_v be_v swear_v to_o by_o zolkievitzki_n by_o the_o king_n order_n be_v confirm_v he_o may_v in_o one_o day_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o muscovy_n they_o advise_v he_o therefore_o not_o to_o give_v the_o opportunity_n to_o a_o unstable_a people_n to_o take_v new_a measure_n who_o perhaps_o when_o drive_v to_o despair_n may_v side_n with_o demetrius_n which_o will_v take_v away_o all_o his_o pretence_n of_o invade_v that_o empire_n since_o he_o have_v undertake_v his_o expedition_n under_o the_o pretext_n of_o assist_v he_o in_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o right_n but_o to_o send_v prince_n vladislaus_n assist_v by_o a_o good_a body_n of_o troop_n and_o some_o able_a counsellor_n to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v and_o crown_v great_a duke_n russia_n may_v with_o their_o assistance_n easy_o elude_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o muscovite_n that_o by_o this_o mean_n smolensko_fw-mi will_v fall_v on_o course_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o his_o army_n beside_o this_o may_v be_v pay_v all_o their_o arrear_n out_o of_o the_o great_a duke_n treasure_n as_o belong_v to_o vladislaus_n their_o prince_n who_o else_o as_o the_o case_n now_o stand_v will_v be_v a_o intolerable_a burden_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o poland_n and_o as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o article_n they_o may_v without_o much_o difficulty_n be_v either_o quite_o evade_v or_o at_o least_o delay_v till_o the_o prince_n strengthen_v with_o fresh_a supply_n out_o of_o poland_n shall_v find_v himself_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o rule_v this_o false_a and_o stubborn_a people_n by_o such_o law_n as_o he_o shall_v judge_v most_o convenient_a and_o suitable_a to_o his_o own_o interest_n but_o these_o wholesome_a counsel_n have_v no_o great_a influence_n over_o the_o king_n who_o be_v prepossess_v with_o a_o vain_a punctilio_n of_o honour_n not_o to_o rise_v from_o before_o smolensko_n before_o it_o be_v take_v and_o with_o the_o pernicious_a insinuation_n of_o his_o flatterer_n who_o persuade_v he_o that_o the_o place_n be_v reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n as_o not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v out_o long_o against_o he_o he_o resolve_v to_o leave_v nothing_o unattempted_a which_o may_v contribute_v to_o the_o rendition_n or_o force_v of_o that_o important_a city_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o cause_v a_o new_a battery_n to_o be_v raise_v from_o whence_o and_o some_o other_o the_o pole_n fire_v so_o furious_o upon_o the_o town_n that_o after_o some_o time_n they_o lay_v flat_a a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o ruin_v two_o bastion_n storm_v smolensko_n storm_v upon_o which_o it_o be_v resolve_v to_o assault_v the_o place_n which_o be_v execute_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o bravery_n but_o those_o within_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o numerousness_n of_o the_o garrison_n have_v have_v sufficient_a time_n to_o raise_v strong_a retrenchment_n fortify_v with_o palisadoe_n and_o a_o good_a ditch_n behind_o the_o breach_n the_o pole_n be_v not_o able_a to_o lodge_v themselves_o in_o the_o breach_n notwithstanding_o their_o reiterated_a attack_n make_v with_o the_o great_a bravery_n imaginable_a be_v repulse_v with_o great_a slaughter_n after_o this_o ill_a success_n of_o the_o pole_n the_o muscovite_n who_o hitherto_o have_v but_o murmur_v and_o whisper_v their_o complaint_n begin_v to_o explain_v public_o against_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o article_n the_o detain_v their_o ambassador_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o outrage_n and_o insolence_n of_o the_o pole_n who_o be_v get_v into_o the_o entire_a possession_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o principal_a port_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n commit_v violence_n upon_o the_o citizen_n their_o wife_n and_o saint_n at_o the_o last_o of_o which_o they_o shoot_v with_o their_o pistol_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n intolerable_a to_o people_n infatuate_v with_o superstition_n and_o zeal_n for_o their_o image_n will_v certain_o have_v produce_v violent_a commotion_n among_o they_o at_o that_o time_n if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v overawe_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o pole_n within_o the_o bowel_n of_o their_o own_o city_n and_o which_o be_v the_o most_o prevail_a that_o they_o see_v demetrius_n increase_v again_o in_o strength_n at_o caluga_n for_o zarucki_n the_o general_n of_o the_o cosack_n and_o kazinowski_n prince_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o as_o we_o say_v before_o have_v leave_v he_o at_o his_o second_o retreat_n from_o before_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n find_v their_o reception_n to_o bear_v no_o proportion_n with_o the_o reward_n they_o propose_v to_o themselves_o from_o king_n sigismond_n and_o see_v themselves_o despise_v by_o the_o nobility_n of_o poland_n be_v since_o return_v to_o the_o service_n of_o demetrius_n who_o countenance_v by_o their_o return_n begin_v to_o look_v up_o again_o and_o have_v draw_v new_a supply_n out_o of_o the_o adjacent_a place_n begin_v to_o appear_v formidable_a at_o caluga_n and_o will_v in_o all_o likelihood_n have_v once_o more_o appear_v in_o the_o field_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v prevent_v by_o his_o sudden_a and_o untimely_a death_n which_o happen_v thus_o kazinowski_n the_o tartarian_a prince_n who_o be_v late_o return_v to_o his_o service_n have_v give_v he_o great_a occasion_n of_o suspect_v his_o fidelity_n wherefore_o dâ—metrius_n to_o prevent_v the_o design_n which_o he_o believe_v to_o be_v form_v against_o his_o life_n by_o the_o say_a tartarian_a prince_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la and_o drown_v there_o the_o tartar_n but_o especial_o his_o guard_n enrage_v at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o prince_n resolve_v to_o revenge_v it_o upon_o demetrius_n with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n which_o be_v not_o long_o before_o they_o meet_v with_o it_o according_a to_o their_o intend_a design_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o dâ—trius_n ever_o since_o his_o last_o retreat_n from_o before_o musco_n be_v grow_v excessive_a melancholy_n which_o he_o be_v use_v to_o divert_v frequent_o 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the_o same_o novodorski_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o to_o have_v so_o brave_o attack_v the_o gate_n of_o s._n michael_n have_v not_o come_v to_o their_o assistance_n for_o he_o have_v whilst_o they_o be_v engage_v upon_o the_o wall_n find_v mean_n to_o apply_v a_o petard_n at_o a_o certain_a small_a gate_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o boristhenes_n he_o open_v a_o sufficient_a passage_n for_o he_o and_o the_o king_n guard_n which_o be_v under_o his_o command_n in_o the_o head_n of_o who_o he_o be_v second_v by_o the_o marshal_n of_o lithuania_n dorostanski_n with_o some_o volunteer_n assault_v and_o enter_v the_o place_n and_o have_v slay_v a_o few_o who_o oppose_v their_o entrance_n they_o march_v without_o any_o further_a opposition_n direct_o to_o the_o marketplace_n where_o have_v fix_v their_o banner_n they_o soon_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n for_o the_o garrison_n who_o be_v engage_v with_o those_o upon_o the_o wall_n see_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o 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gain_v of_o the_o place_n without_o which_o that_o attempt_n of_o seal_v the_o wall_n will_v in_o all_o likelihood_n have_v prove_v unsuccessful_a or_o at_o least_o will_v not_o have_v be_v effect_v without_o the_o slaughter_n of_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o besieger_n whereas_o it_o be_v now_o purchase_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o few_o among_o the_o pole_n the_o place_n be_v thus_o secure_v strict_a order_n be_v send_v throughout_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n to_o give_v quarter_n and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v the_o pillage_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o soldier_n as_o the_o reward_n of_o their_o past_a fatigue_n and_o danger_n but_o the_o soldier_n especial_o the_o german_n and_o pole_n not_o agree_v about_o the_o distribution_n of_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o come_v to_o blow_n when_o the_o king_n order_v all_o the_o booty_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o one_o place_n in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o equal_a dividend_n among_o they_o but_o whilst_o they_o 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by_o the_o power_n of_o their_o enemy_n the_o muscovite_n be_v under_o a_o great_a consternation_n after_o the_o take_n of_o smolensko_n who_o expect_v no_o less_o than_o to_o see_v the_o whole_a polish_v army_n in_o a_o little_a time_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n redouble_v their_o fury_n attacking_z the_o polish_v garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n with_o their_o utmost_a vigour_n but_o these_o be_v encourage_v by_o the_o success_n of_o their_o king_n dispute_v every_o inch_n of_o ground_n with_o the_o enemy_n who_o notwithstanding_o their_o vast_a number_n be_v not_o able_a to_o drive_v they_o from_o that_o post_n by_o which_o they_o keep_v a_o communication_n with_o the_o country_n sigismond_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v advise_v by_o his_o most_o able_a counselor_n not_o to_o lose_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o victory_n but_o to_o improve_v it_o to_o the_o utmost_a by_o carry_v the_o terror_n of_o his_o victorious_a arm_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n where_o have_v a_o considerable_a party_n even_o among_o the_o russian_n themselves_z the_o reputation_n of_o his_o late_a success_n can_v not_o fail_v to_o produce_v strange_a effect_n among_o the_o muscovite_n to_o his_o advantage_n that_o if_o he_o will_v but_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o subject_n who_o there_o dispute_v his_o interest_n with_o all_o the_o bravery_n imaginable_a it_o be_v very_o probable_a he_o may_v keep_v in_o possession_n of_o that_o great_a city_n which_o if_o once_o in_o his_o power_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o province_n of_o that_o empire_n will_v be_v soon_o compel_v to_o receive_v his_o dictate_v especial_o if_o they_o see_v vladislaus_n their_o great_a duke_n appear_v in_o muscovy_n but_o king_n sigismond_n as_o if_o oversway_v by_o some_o secret_a fatality_n be_v so_o far_o from_o harken_v to_o their_o counsel_n found_v upon_o most_o solid_a reason_n of_o state_n that_o he_o take_v quite_o contrary_a measure_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o prosecute_a his_o victory_n resolve_v to_o turn_v his_o back_n to_o his_o new_a acquisition_n and_o to_o exchange_v the_o fair_a hope_n of_o gain_v a_o vast_a empire_n with_o the_o vain_a acclamation_n of_o his_o people_n in_o poland_n and_o the_o empty_a noise_n of_o triumph_n which_o â—â—st_n he_o no_o less_o than_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o mâ—scâ—â—iâ—n_a câ—â—â—n_n as_o â—is_n ill_a conduct_n have_v lose_v he_o some_o year_n before_o his_o hereditary_a kingdom_n of_o sweden_n have_v therefore_o feast_v the_o whole_a army_n for_o three_o day_n to_o make_v in_o some_o measure_n a_o atonement_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o booty_n and_o leave_v a_o body_n of_o troop_n under_o the_o command_n of_o charles_n chodkievitski_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o smolensko_n he_o himself_o return_v into_o poland_n to_o receive_v the_o flattery_n of_o his_o subject_n at_o the_o
peril_n be_v all_o terrify_v with_o the_o imminent_a danger_n of_o their_o approach_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n they_o unanimous_o resolve_v to_o anticipate_v their_o fate_n and_o return_v it_o upon_o their_o enemy_n for_o which_o reason_n have_v communicate_v their_o design_n to_o the_o soldier_n they_o run_v all_o to_o their_o arm_n faâ—â—ing_v upon_o the_o muscovite_n next_o to_o their_o quarter_n lepanowitz_n surprise_v at_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o forewarn_v of_o the_o trap_n lay_v against_o his_o life_n hasten_v thither_o with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o friend_n to_o appease_v the_o tumult_n by_o his_o authority_n or_o else_o to_o give_v the_o necessary_a order_n for_o stop_v though_o violence_n of_o the_o cosack_n who_o no_o soon_o see_v he_o appear_v but_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o the_o chief_a author_n of_o their_o imaginary_a massacre_n and_o be_v underhand_o edge_v on_o to_o his_o destruction_n by_o certain_a emissary_n send_v among_o they_o for_o that_o purpose_n by_o the_o polish_v general_n they_o soon_o overpower_v and_o slay_v he_o upon_o the_o place_n by_o this_o time_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o muscovian_a general_n have_v get_v what_o force_n they_o can_v together_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o to_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o cosack_n who_o be_v also_o on_o their_o side_n prepare_v for_o a_o resolute_a defence_n and_o if_o all_o mean_v fail_v to_o open_v their_o passage_n to_o the_o castle_n in_o order_n to_o join_v with_o the_o pole_n so_o that_o the_o project_v design_n of_o gaziowski_n be_v upon_o the_o very_a point_n of_o have_v have_v its_o desire_a effect_n if_o trubecowitz_n who_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o fall_n of_o lepanowitz_n be_v declare_v general_n over_o the_o muscovite_n see_v they_o so_o resolute_a in_o their_o defence_n have_v not_o desire_v a_o parley_n with_o some_o of_o their_o principal_a officer_n which_o have_v be_v grant_v and_o he_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o 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by_o this_o mean_v a_o entire_a reconciliation_n and_o good_a correspondence_n be_v reestablished_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o gosack_n they_o with_o their_o joint_a force_n vigorous_o prosecute_v the_o siege_n and_o press_v so_o hard_o upon_o the_o pole_n on_o all_o side_n that_o they_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o all_o their_o outwork_n and_o at_o last_o possess_v themselves_o also_o of_o those_o fortification_n which_o they_o have_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mâ—sca_n for_o the_o maintain_v a_o communication_n and_o correspondency_n with_o the_o country_n whereby_o be_v put_v out_o of_o all_o hope_n of_o relief_n and_o of_o receive_v the_o necessary_a supply_n of_o provision_n â—â—ey_n be_v reduce_v to_o great_a want_n have_v be_v force_v to_o endure_v great_a hardship_n for_o want_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n for_o the_o space_n of_o several_a week_n and_o every_o thing_n seem_v to_o tend_v to_o a_o general_a insurrection_n among_o the_o polish_v soldier_n they_o be_v on_o the_o fifteen_o day_n of_o august_n unexpected_o deliver_v by_o a_o lucky_a accident_n or_o rather_o a_o miracle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o pole_n before_o they_o be_v so_o close_o pen_v up_o by_o the_o muscovite_n aâ—d_v when_o they_o be_v as_o yet_o maâ—ters_v of_o the_o pass_v opposite_a to_o the_o mid-city_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n have_v send_v several_a strong_a party_n abroad_o partly_o the_o better_a to_o husband_n that_o small_a store_n of_o provision_n which_o be_v remain_v in_o the_o castle_n partly_o to_o get_v what_o booty_n they_o can_v in_o the_o country_n to_o supply_v their_o waâ—ts_n within_o be_v especial_o reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o want_n of_o forage_n they_o have_v send_v all_o their_o boy_n and_o serâ—â—nts_n out_o a_o forage_n which_o the_o muscovite_n have_v get_v notice_n of_o they_o take_v this_o opportunity_n to_o attack_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o this_o post_n with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n which_o after_o a_o brave_a resistance_n they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o and_o have_v cause_v a_o line_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o necessary_a redoubt_n on_o all_o the_o avenue_n guard_v by_o a_o considerable_a body_n of_o their_o best_a troop_n they_o think_v to_o have_v now_o cut_v off_o all_o hope_n of_o relief_n or_o receive_v supply_n from_o the_o besiege_a as_o in_o effect_n they_o have_v if_o their_o own_o fear_n have_v not_o once_o more_o open_v that_o passage_n to_o the_o enemy_n for_o scarce_o be_v these_o line_n perfect_v when_o the_o several_a party_n send_v abroad_o by_o the_o pole_n which_o all_o together_o amount_v to_o some_o thousand_o be_v at_o a_o certain_a place_n according_a to_o agreement_n join_v in_o one_o body_n and_o meet_v by_o the_o forager_n who_o be_v march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n in_o order_n to_o their_o return_n into_o the_o castle_n but_o approach_v the_o river_n mosca_n find_v all_o the_o avenue_n lead_v to_o it_o secure_v by_o the_o enemy_n line_n they_o be_v at_o first_o at_o a_o stand_n not_o know_v what_o to_o resolve_v upon_o in_o this_o present_a exigency_n of_o their_o affair_n most_o of_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v among_o they_o tire_v before_o with_o the_o fatigue_n and_o hardship_n they_o have_v endure_v be_v for_o retire_v and_o shift_v for_o themselves_o but_o the_o boy_n and_o other_o servant_n that_o have_v be_v forage_v declare_v thâ—t_o they_o will_v not_o abandon_v â—heir_a master_n without_o attempt_v their_o relief_n the_o rest_n be_v at_o last_o overcome_v with_o shame_n resolve_v also_o to_o open_v their_o passage_n with_o their_o sword_n and_o force_v their_o way_n into_o the_o castle_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n they_o put_v their_o little_a army_n in_o battle-array_n and_o extend_v their_o front_n where_o they_o have_v place_v all_o the_o soldier_n as_o much_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v they_o advance_v with_o colour_n fly_v drum_n beat_v and_z trumpets_z sounding_z in_o good_a order_n towards_o the_o enemy_n line_n scarce_o be_v they_o come_v within_o sight_n of_o the_o muscovite_n but_o these_o imagine_v no_o less_o than_o that_o the_o whole_a polish_v army_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o countryman_n and_o be_v seize_v by_o a_o panic_n fear_v without_o any_o further_a delay_n quit_v their_o line_n and_o retire_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n mosca_n leave_v a_o free_a passage_n to_o the_o pole_n who_o enter_v cataygorod_n or_o the_o mid-city_n which_o comprehend_v the_o castle_n within_o its_o wall_n without_o the_o least_o opposition_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v with_o all_o the_o demonstraâ—ions_n of_o joy_n and_o praise_n due_a to_o their_o courage_n gaziowski_n the_o polish_v general_n have_v out_o of_o what_o have_v happen_v and_o the_o confusion_n he_o observe_v among_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o city_n soon_o guess_v at_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o their_o sudden_a retreat_n and_o willing_a to_o improve_v so_o favourable_a a_o opportunity_n cause_v a_o strong_a sally_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o muscovite_n who_o be_v scare_v with_o the._n apprehension_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o poland_n dare_v not_o look_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n so_o that_o the_o pole_n recover_v in_o a_o few_o hour_n from_o the_o muscovite_n what_o have_v cost_v they_o many_o month_n before_o they_o can_v gain_v it_o and_o during_o this_o consternation_n it_o will_v have_v be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o have_v chase_v they_o quite_o out_o of_o the_o city_n if_o he_o that_o command_v the_o sally_n will_v have_v push_v on_o his_o advantage_n with_o the_o same_o vigour_n to_o the_o last_o as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o beginning_n but_o this_o commander_n be_v at_o variance_n with_o gaziowski_n the_o polish_v general_n but_o intimate_a friend_n of_o chodkienitski_n lieutenant-general_n of_o the_o lithuanian_a army_n
that_o be_v surround_v on_o all_o side_n they_o have_v enough_o to_o do_v to_o fight_v their_o way_n through_o into_o the_o castle_n without_o be_v able_a to_o execute_v their_o design_n and_o be_v soon_o after_o follow_v by_o the_o foot_n who_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v all_o the_o provision_n intend_v for_o their_o relief_n to_o the_o disposal_n of_o the_o enemy_n thus_o the_o hope_n which_o king_n sigismond_n have_v conceive_v of_o the_o conquer_a of_o the_o russian_a empire_n vanish_v with_o his_o overthrow_n which_o at_o once_o lose_v he_o all_o the_o fruit_n of_o his_o former_a victory_n acquire_v with_o the_o effusion_n of_o so_o much_o blood_n and_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o vast_a treasure_n for_o the_o muscovite_n have_v receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o king_n sigismond_n be_v prepare_v to_o advance_v to_o their_o rescue_n double_v their_o guard_n in_o all_o their_o avenue_n lead_v to_o the_o castle_n and_o so_o straight_o enclose_v the_o garrison_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o wall_n that_o they_o take_v from_o they_o all_o hope_n of_o receive_v any_o further_a supply_n of_o provision_n the_o pole_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n know_v the_o importance_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v commit_v to_o their_o custody_n from_o whence_o depend_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n the_o fate_n of_o the_o muscovian_a empire_n and_o live_v in_o daily_a expectation_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o their_o king_n endure_v all_o the_o extremity_n of_o famine_n with_o a_o unparalleled_a resolution_n for_o after_o have_v consume_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v eatable_a not_o only_o horse_n cat_n dog_n rat_n mouse_n and_o other_o live_a creature_n but_o also_o the_o leather_n and_o covert_n of_o their_o trunk_n and_o saddle_n they_o proceed_v to_o human_a flesh_n feed_v upon_o the_o carcase_n of_o their_o comrade_n but_o this_o have_v in_o a_o little_a time_n cause_v a_o most_o violent_a contagion_n among_o they_o and_o receive_v no_o certain_a intelligence_n of_o the_o further_a approach_n of_o the_o polish_v army_n mâ—sco_n the_o pole_n surrender_v he_o castle_n of_o mâ—sco_n their_o obstinacy_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o extremity_n to_o which_o they_o be_v reduce_v by_o the_o watchfulness_n of_o the_o muscovite_n and_o the_o slow_a advances_n of_o their_o countryman_n so_o that_o they_o surrender_v themselves_o at_o discretion_n after_o have_v give_v a_o thousand_o evident_a proof_n of_o their_o courage_n and_o loyalty_n during_o this_o long_a and_o remarkable_a siege_n king_n sigismond_n have_v be_v all_o this_o while_n trifle_v away_o his_o time_n at_o viasna_n where_o have_v receive_v this_o fatal_a news_n of_o the_o surrender_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o musco_n he_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v put_v into_o such_o a_o consternation_n as_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o be_v express_v be_v at_o the_o great_a incertitude_n that_o possible_o can_v be_v what_o to_o resolve_v upon_o at_o this_o critical_a juncture_n he_o call_v together_o all_o his_o able_a counselor_n and_o most_o experience_a officer_n to_o consult_v what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o who_o advise_v he_o to_o lay_v aside_o all_o further_a thought_n of_o the_o muscovian_a crown_n and_o in_o a_o far_o advance_v season_n not_o to_o expose_v his_o person_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n to_o eminent_a danger_n among_o a_o treacherous_a people_n but_o the_o major_a part_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o pretence_n to_o the_o russian_a empire_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v quite_v at_o so_o easy_a a_o rate_n that_o if_o he_o without_o any_o further_a delay_n advance_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o the_o muscovite_n overawe_v by_o his_o presence_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o good_a army_n whilst_o their_o affair_n be_v yet_o in_o a_o unsettled_a condition_n may_v be_v induce_v rather_o to_o adhere_v to_o their_o former_a election_n of_o prince_n vladislaus_n than_o to_o expose_v themselves_o afresh_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o ruinous_a war._n and_o that_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n it_o will_v be_v more_o glorious_a for_o they_o to_o procure_v a_o honourable_a peace_n with_o their_o sword_n in_o hand_n than_o shameful_o to_o turn_v their_o back_n to_o their_o enemy_n whereby_o they_o will_v be_v encourage_v to_o carry_v the_o war_n into_o the_o polish_v territory_n the_o king_n have_v give_v his_o approbation_n to_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v resolve_v to_o march_v immediate_o towards_o federoviscum_n where_o have_v set_v up_o their_o head_n quarter_n the_o king_n detach_v a_o considerable_a body_n of_o horse_n to_o advance_v to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n they_o be_v no_o soon_o come_v within_o sight_n of_o that_o city_n but_o they_o be_v receive_v with_o good_a store_n of_o shot_n from_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v second_v by_o a_o furious_a sally_n the_o polish_v horse_n be_v force_v to_o retire_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o some_o of_o their_o companion_n the_o king_n judge_v by_o the_o entertainment_n give_v to_o his_o troop_n before_o the_o imperial_a city_n that_o the_o muscovite_n have_v lay_v aside_o all_o thought_n of_o receive_v his_o son_n vladislaus_n for_o their_o great_a duke_n and_o find_v himself_o not_o in_o a_o capacity_n at_o present_a to_o force_v they_o to_o a_o compliance_n be_v uncertain_a what_o measure_v to_o take_v the_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v that_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o circumjacent_a province_n upon_o the_o first_o news_n of_o the_o surrender_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o musco_n and_o the_o approach_v of_o the_o polish_v army_n have_v carry_v all_o their_o provision_n into_o their_o strong_a hold_n so_o that_o king_n sigismund_n army_n which_o consist_v most_o of_o cavalry_n be_v in_o great_a distress_n for_o want_n of_o forage_n in_o a_o country_n where_o the_o winter-season_n afford_v nothing_o in_o the_o field_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o horse_n and_o make_v encamp_v almost_o intolerable_a to_o the_o soldier_n the_o evil_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n give_v occasion_n to_o frequent_a consultation_n in_o the_o polish_v camp_n where_o it_o be_v at_o last_o resolve_v to_o attempt_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o some_o place_n of_o strength_n whereby_o they_o may_v at_o once_o supply_v theiâ—_n present_a necessity_n and_o secure_v themselves_o a_o secure_a retreat_n in_o the_o â—earâ—_n of_o the_o country_n till_o they_o may_v find_v a_o opportunity_n to_o take_v new_a measure_n against_o next_o spring_n volock_o be_v the_o place_n pitch_v upon_o as_o the_o fit_a for_o their_o present_a purpose_n which_o the_o pole_n enrage_v at_o their_o ill_a success_n attack_v with_o incredible_a fury_n but_o their_o ill_a fortune_n seem_v to_o follow_v they_o wherever_o they_o come_v for_o the_o muscovite_n have_v in_o fresh_a remembrance_n the_o ravages_n commit_v by_o the_o pole_n and_o especial_o the_o burn_v of_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n look_v upon_o they_o not_o otherwise_o than_o the_o mortal_a enemy_n of_o their_o country_n and_o therefore_o defend_v themselves_o with_o such_o a_o resolution_n as_o sufficient_o show_v that_o they_o will_v rather_o bury_v themselves_o in_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o place_n than_o suffer_v they_o again_o to_o get_v foot_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o empire_n so_o that_o after_o have_v be_v repulse_v several_a time_n with_o considerable_a loss_n muscovy_n the_o pole_n retire_v out_o of_o muscovy_n they_o have_v no_o other_o way_n leave_v they_o for_o their_o safety_n than_o to_o hasten_v their_o march_n towards_o smolensko_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o poland_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o their_o soldier_n and_o most_o of_o their_o horse_n and_o thus_o after_o so_o much_o bloodshed_n so_o many_o sieges_n and_o battles_n and_o the_o expense_n of_o vast_a treasure_n end_v the_o expedition_n of_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o by_o his_o ill_a conduct_n lose_v the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n design_v for_o his_o son_n vladislaus_n render_v the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o two_o unfortunate_a demetrius_n unsuccessful_a and_o involve_v the_o russian_a empire_n in_o unspeakable_a misery_n which_o now_o by_o his_o retreat_n begin_v to_o conceive_v new_a hope_n of_o its_o future_a establishment_n for_o no_o soon_o have_v they_o rid_v their_o hand_n of_o the_o pole_n but_o they_o apply_v all_o their_o care_n towards_o the_o root_n out_o the_o remnant_n of_o the_o imposture_n of_o the_o demetrius_n for_n which_o purpose_n they_o send_v a_o considerable_a body_n towards_o caluga_n to_o attack_v those_o force_n that_o stand_v still_o out_o for_o the_o interest_n of_o marina_n and_o the_o young_a demetrius_n her_o pretend_a son_n under_o the_o command_n of_o zarucki_n the_o general_n of_o the_o cosack_n but_o these_o defend_v themselves_o with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o the_o muscovite_n find_v they_o so_o resolute_a in_o their_o
it_o from_o they_o he_o refuse_v the_o great_a duke_n horse_n at_o his_o entrance_n and_o make_v use_n of_o his_o own_o at_o his_o audience_n he_o will_v needs_o make_v his_o proposition_n sit_v and_o perceive_v that_o when_o he_o pronounce_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o his_o king_n ambassador_n insolence_n of_o a_o polish_v ambassador_n the_o boyar_n do_v not_o uncover_v themselves_o he_o stop_v till_o such_o time_n as_o he_o see_v the_o great_a duke_n command_v they_o so_o to_o do_v king_n vladislaus_n have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o send_v the_o usual_a present_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n without_o which_o otherwise_o ambassador_n be_v never_o admit_v to_o public_a audience_n the_o ambassador_n only_o present_v he_o as_o from_o himself_o with_o a_o very_a rich_a coach_n which_o the_o great_a duke_n have_v accept_v of_o he_o send_v he_o before_o his_o departure_n a_o rich_a present_n of_o sables_n which_o the_o ambassador_n refuse_v with_o scorn_n the_o great_a duke_n thereupon_o send_v back_o his_o coach_n which_o he_o be_v so_o angry_a at_o that_o he_o kick_v the_o pristaff_n who_o bring_v the_o message_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o very_a high_a pair_n of_o stair_n to_o the_o bottom_n the_o great_a duke_n be_v high_o incense_v thereat_o yet_o be_v fain_o to_o dissemble_v his_o resentment_n in_o the_o present_a ill_a posture_n of_o his_o affair_n he_o only_o send_v word_n to_o the_o ambassador_n that_o he_o know_v not_o whether_o this_o behaviour_n of_o his_o be_v according_a to_o his_o master_n order_n or_o whether_o it_o proceed_v from_o his_o own_o violent_a inclination_n that_o if_o he_o have_v act_v according_a to_o the_o king_n command_n he_o must_v have_v patience_n till_o a_o more_o favourable_a juncture_n shall_v present_v to_o give_v himself_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o affront_v put_v upon_o he_o that_o though_o by_o his_o late_a disgrace_n before_o smolensko_n he_o be_v at_o present_a not_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o show_v his_o resentment_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v the_o event_n of_o the_o war_n be_v nevertheless_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n almighty_n who_o may_v crown_v his_o arm_n with_o better_a success_n another_o time_n but_o that_o if_o what_o he_o have_v do_v be_v without_o the_o king_n order_n as_o he_o believe_v and_o upon_o his_o own_o account_n complaint_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o it_o to_o the_o king_n his_o master_n from_o who_o justice_n he_o promise_v himself_o ample_a satisfaction_n for_o the_o rudeness_n and_o insolence_n commit_v by_o his_o minister_n michael_n federovit_n see_v his_o affair_n in_o so_o ill_a a_o posture_n pole_n peace_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o pole_n think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o comply_v with_o the_o present_a exigency_n of_o the_o state_n and_o to_o clap_v up_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o next_o follow_v year_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o the_o muscovite_n renounce_v all_o their_o pretension_n to_o the_o two_o large_a dukedom_n of_o smolensko_n and_o zernikow_n in_o the_o same_o year_n he_o cause_v herman_n shein_n his_o general_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o smolensko_n to_o be_v execute_v with_o his_o son_n and_o all_o his_o kindred_n to_o be_v banish_v into_o siberia_n by_o who_o death_n the_o clamour_n of_o the_o people_n have_v be_v appease_v he_o reign_v afterward_o in_o great_a tranquillity_n and_o to_o the_o great_a satisfaction_n of_o his_o subject_n till_o the_o year_n 1645_o when_o count_n wolmer_n natural_a son_n to_o the_o late_a king_n of_o denmark_n come_v to_o this_o court_n to_o solicit_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n which_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o russian_a clergy_n who_o object_v that_o he_o be_v a_o heretic_n the_o count_n proffer_v that_o his_o chaplain_n shall_v maintain_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o lutheran_n faith_n against_o they_o which_o the_o muscovite_n priest_n refuse_v the_o grand_a czar_n break_v out_o into_o a_o passion_n say_v to_o they_o why_o do_v you_o impose_v upon_o we_o a_o faith_n you_o dare_v not_o bring_v to_o trial_n a_o few_o day_n after_o go_v very_o well_o to_o bed_n he_o be_v seize_v at_o midnight_n with_o a_o most_o violent_a vomit_v dies_fw-la michael_n federovit_n dies_fw-la which_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o life_n the_o next_o morning_n be_v the_o 12_o day_n of_o july_n in_o the_o 49th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o the_o 33d_o of_o his_o reign_n the_o great_a duchess_n his_o wife_n die_v within_o eight_o day_n afâ—er_v he_o be_v general_o regret_v by_o the_o muscovite_n who_o under_o his_o reign_n enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o a_o peaceable_a and_o mild_a government_n some_o year_n before_o his_o death_n up_o a_o new_a 〈◊〉_d start_v up_o there_o start_v up_o another_o impostor_n who_o have_v impudence_n enough_o to_o 〈◊〉_d the_o name_n and_o quality_n of_o basili_n ivanovit_n 〈…〉_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n zuski_n though_o it_o 〈…〉_o know_n that_o the_o whole_a race_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v extinct_a some_o year_n before_o for_o of_o the_o three_o brother_n that_o be_v carry_v prisoner_n into_o 〈…〉_o die_v theâ—e_n without_o leave_v any_o male_a 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o three_o who_o be_v release_v and_o return_v into_o muscovy_n die_v a_o few_o year_n before_o the_o discovery_n of_o this_o impostor_n without_o child_n there_o be_v another_o lord_n of_o the_o same_o family_n who_o have_v one_o son_n name_v michael_n basilovit_n zuski_n scapin_n who_o die_v young_a in_o the_o year_n 1616_o without_o issue_n the_o name_n of_o this_o impostor_n be_v timoska_n the_o diminutive_a of_o timothy_n ankudina_n bear_v in_o the_o suburb_n of_o vologda_n in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o linen_n draper_n who_o deal_v in_o corpse_n clothes_n who_o name_n be_v demki_n ankudina_n and_o his_o mother_n be_v call_v salmaniska_n the_o father_n have_v observe_v something_o more_o than_o ordinary_a in_o he_o have_v be_v very_o careful_a of_o give_v he_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o muscovite_n education_n which_o consist_v in_o read_v write_v and_o sing_v so_o that_o he_o be_v look_v upon_o in_o those_o part_n as_o a_o person_n of_o a_o uncommon_a capacity_n the_o excellency_n of_o his_o voice_n and_o his_o skill_n in_o sing_v have_v particular_o recommend_v he_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o the_o place_n who_o take_v he_o into_o his_o service_n wherein_o he_o behave_v himself_o so_o well_o that_o he_o bestow_v one_o of_o his_o granddaughter_n upon_o he_o in_o marriage_n after_o the_o archbishops_n death_n have_v squander_v away_o his_o wife_n fortune_n he_o settle_v himself_o in_o the_o city_n of_o musco_n where_o by_o the_o recommendation_n of_o a_o friend_n he_o have_v at_o court_n he_o be_v make_v one_o of_o the_o receiver_n in_o the_o office_n that_o be_v keep_v there_o for_o the_o licens_v of_o tavern_n and_o tippling-house_n but_o give_v himself_o over_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o extravagancy_n and_o debauchery_n he_o can_v not_o make_v up_o his_o account_n which_o fall_v short_a the_o first_o year_n by_o a_o considerable_a sum._n to_o repair_v this_o breach_n he_o have_v recourse_n to_o a_o intimate_a friend_n of_o he_o one_o of_o his_o fellow-receiver_n in_o the_o same_o office_n call_v basili_n gregorovit_n spilki_n he_o he_o tell_v that_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a merchant_n of_o vologda_n a_o near_a relation_n of_o his_o wife_n be_v come_v to_o town_n and_o have_v invite_v he_o to_o dinner_n that_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o show_v his_o friend_n the_o high_a act_n of_o muscovian_a civility_n intend_v to_o let_v he_o see_v his_o wife_n and_o that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o present_v she_o in_o a_o condition_n suitable_a to_o his_o present_a station_n he_o entreat_v he_o to_o lend_v he_o his_o wife_n pearl_n and_o other_o jewel_n which_o be_v of_o a_o considerable_a value_n his_o friend_n have_v without_o the_o least_o difficulty_n grant_v his_o request_n lend_v he_o the_o jewel_n without_o the_o least_o precaution_n or_o take_v any_o thing_n under_o his_o hand_n for_o the_o receipt_n of_o they_o so_o that_o when_o he_o demand_v his_o jewel_n timoska_n aver_v that_o he_o have_v not_o lend_v he_o any_o spilki_n clap_v he_o up_o in_o prison_n but_o have_v no_o evidence_n against_o he_o he_o be_v acquit_v but_o instead_o of_o make_v up_o his_o account_n with_o the_o money_n he_o receive_v for_o the_o jewel_n which_o he_o sell_v he_o squander_v it_o away_o upon_o his_o extravagancy_n whereupon_o great_a difference_n arise_v betwixt_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n who_o have_v a_o very_a lewd_a tongue_n and_o will_v frequent_o upbraid_v he_o with_o his_o treacherous_a deal_n both_o to_o his_o prince_n and_o friend_n and_o fear_v that_o he_o may_v be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o his_o perfidiousness_n and_o that_o his_o wife_n may_v be_v the_o main_a instrument_n of_o his_o discovery_n he_o take_v a_o resolution_n
can_v in_o any_o wise_a contribute_v to_o overcome_v his_o obstinacy_n and_o induce_v he_o to_o a_o ingenuous_a confession_n one_o john_n plessou_n who_o have_v be_v his_o intimate_a friend_n and_o with_o who_o he_o have_v leave_v his_o son_n before_o he_o retire_v into_o poland_n with_o several_a other_o of_o his_o fellow-officer_n at_o the_o tavern-office_n be_v bring_v before_o he_o who_o each_o in_o their_o turn_n endeavour_v to_o convince_v he_o of_o his_o error_n and_o represent_v to_o he_o the_o danger_n wherein_o he_o put_v his_o soul_n in_o the_o condition_n he_o be_v in_o exhort_v he_o to_o pull_v off_o the_o mask_n which_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o for_o some_o year_n past_a to_o cheat_v the_o world_n and_o to_o create_v new_a disturbance_n and_o infinite_a misery_n to_o his_o native_a country_n that_o the_o whole_a mystery_n of_o his_o imposture_n be_v reveal_v to_o the_o world_n by_o so_o many_o undeniable_a witness_n there_o present_a he_o shall_v not_o rely_v any_o long_o upon_o these_o vain_a elusion_n but_o consult_v the_o eternal_a welfare_n of_o his_o soul_n and_o not_o draw_v any_o further_a the_o weight_n of_o god_n vengeance_n upon_o himself_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v move_v at_o their_o discourse_n but_o continue_v so_o obstinate_a in_o his_o former_a resolution_n that_o he_o will_v not_o speak_v one_o word_n afterward_o the_o next_o day_n he_o be_v again_o put_v to_o the_o torture_n which_o he_o endure_v with_o the_o same_o resolution_n not_o vouchsafe_v to_o speak_v one_o word_n be_v search_v and_o find_v circumcise_v he_o be_v immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o great_a marketplace_n before_o the_o castle_n where_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v against_o he_o and_o put_v in_o execution_n first_o they_o cut_v off_o with_o a_o axe_n his_o right_a arm_n below_o the_o elbow_n execute_v be_v execute_v than_o his_o left_a leg_n below_o the_o knee_n next_o the_o left_a arm_n and_o right_a leg_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n all_o which_o he_o endure_v with_o a_o unparalleled_a constancy_n and_o without_o as_o much_o as_o a_o groan_n last_o of_o all_o the_o head_n be_v sever_v from_o his_o body_n and_o the_o member_n be_v set_v upon_o stake_n in_o the_o marketplace_n and_o the_o trunk_n leave_v upon_o the_o ground_n the_o last_o be_v in_o the_o night_n devour_v by_o the_o dog_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n the_o executioner_n servant_n drag_v the_o member_n to_o the_o place_n where_o all_o the_o city-dirt_n be_v throw_v it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o time_n before_o a_o polish_v ambassador_n be_v arrive_v in_o the_o city_n of_o muscoâ—_n and_o the_o muscovite_n who_o still_o bear_v a_o grudge_n to_o the_o pole_n on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o misery_n they_o have_v endure_v in_o their_o last_o civil_a dissension_n occasion_v by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o several_a impostor_n encourage_v by_o the_o pole_n have_v so_o well_o time_v it_o as_o to_o give_v audience_n to_o the_o ambassador_n the_o same_o day_n that_o timoska_n be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o to_o lead_v he_o in_o state_n through_o the_o marketplace_n just_a at_o the_o very_a hour_n of_o his_o execution_n where_o under_o some_o pretence_n or_o other_o contrive_v for_o that_o purpose_n they_o make_v a_o halt_n that_o he_o may_v be_v a_o eye-witness_n and_o be_v able_a to_o give_v a_o account_n in_o poland_n of_o the_o tragical_a exit_fw-la of_o that_o imposter_n who_o they_o have_v look_v upon_o there_o as_o son_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n basili_n zuski_n kostkaâ—_n the_o servant_n of_o timoska_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o to_o have_v be_v carry_v load_v with_o iron_n out_o of_o sweden_n into_o muscovy_n have_v make_v a_o ingenuous_a confession_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n be_v pardon_v as_o to_o his_o life_n and_o his_o punishment_n change_v into_o that_o of_o lose_v three_o finger_n of_o his_o right_a hand_n but_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o muscovite_n oblige_v they_o to_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n with_o their_o right_a hand_n thâ—s_o punishment_n be_v again_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o the_o patriarch_n moderate_v so_o that_o the_o same_o be_v execute_v upon_o his_o left_a hand_n after_o which_o he_o be_v banish_v into_o siberia_n we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o great_a duke_n michael_n fâ—derovits_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1645._o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 13_o of_o july_n the_o knez_n and_o boyars_n theâ—_n present_a crown_v alex_n be_v michaâ—lovits_n crown_v resolve_v unanimous_o to_o hasten_v the_o coronation_n of_o alexis_n michaelovit_n his_o son_n who_o be_v then_o not_o full_a sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n he_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o year_n 1630_o on_o the_o 17_o of_o march_n and_o have_v be_v by_o his_o father_n commit_v to_o the_o carâ—_n of_o knez_n boris_n ivanouâ—s_v morosou_n a_o person_n of_o very_a high_a extraction_n and_o extraordinary_a ability_n it_o be_v beyond_o our_o scope_n to_o relate_v here_o the_o rise_v of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o romanow'_v from_o whence_o the_o family_n of_o the_o present_a czar_n derive_v its_o origin_n one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a in_o muscovy_n who_o first_o assume_v the_o name_n of_o czar_n from_o whence_o descend_v basil_n the_o father_n of_o that_o famous_a tyrant_n john_n basilovit_n who_o reduce_v most_o of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o russian_a empire_n but_o the_o muscovite_n relate_v a_o story_n of_o the_o father_n of_o this_o boris_n ivancvit_n morosou_n which_o may_v not_o be_v beyond_o our_o purpose_n to_o be_v insert_v here_o it_o seem_v he_o be_v a_o favourite_n of_o the_o tyrant_n john_n basilovit_n and_o be_v a_o widower_n presume_v so_o much_o upon_o his_o interest_n with_o the_o great_a duke_n that_o he_o beg_v a_o certain_a handsome_a lady_n which_o have_v be_v the_o tyrant_n mistress_n for_o a_o wife_n the_o great_a duke_n grant_v his_o request_n without_o the_o least_o difficulty_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o he_o repent_v himself_o of_o what_o be_v do_v or_o mere_o to_o gratify_v his_o cruel_a temper_n he_o have_v get_v notice_n that_o the_o say_v morosou_n and_o his_o new_a marry_a lady_n be_v at_o their_o amorous_a sport_n one_o afternoon_n in_o a_o withdraw_a room_n behind_o the_o bath-stove_n he_o get_v secret_o two_o wild_a bear_n convey_v into_o the_o room_n who_o immediate_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o devour_v they_o both_o this_o morosou_n leave_v two_o son_n boris_n and_o câ—leab_n who_o be_v very_o young_a be_v educate_v by_o the_o say_a tyrant_n the_o elder_a of_o which_o have_v improve_v the_o advantage_n of_o his_o high_a birth_n and_o education_n above_o the_o ordinary_a degree_n during_o the_o intestine_a commotion_n in_o the_o russian_a empire_n be_v as_o i_o say_v before_o constitute_v by_o czar_n michael_n federovit_n governor_n over_o his_o son_n alexis_n michaelovit_n who_o he_o use_v frequent_o to_o charge_n to_o follow_v his_o advice_n in_o all_o affair_n of_o moment_n knez_fw-fr boris_n ivanovit_n morosou_n fear_v that_o his_o enemy_n may_v take_v advantage_n of_o the_o prince_n tender_a year_n have_v the_o coronation_n ceremony_n perform_v a_o few_o day_n after_o his_o father_n death_n who_o be_v according_a to_o the_o russian_a fashion_n deposit_v in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n michael_n wherein_o be_v the_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n the_o next_o night_n after_o his_o decease_n which_o be_v not_o perform_v with_o all_o the_o usual_a pomp_n they_o want_v time_n to_o send_v for_o all_o those_o who_o be_v oblige_v to_o be_v present_a at_o this_o solemnity_n after_o the_o coronation_n be_v over_o morosou_n change_v the_o quality_n of_o governor_n into_o that_o of_o protector_n exercise_v during_o the_o prince_n minority_n the_o same_o power_n in_o the_o dispose_n of_o his_o affair_n as_o he_o have_v do_v over_o his_o person_n during_o his_o father_n life_n know_v the_o young_a great_a duke_n to_o entertain_v 〈◊〉_d most_o profound_a reverence_n for_o the_o duchess_n dowager_n his_o mother_n he_o bestow_v great_a employment_n upon_o all_o her_o kindred_n who_o he_o prefer_v to_o the_o best_a government_n in_o the_o empire_n but_o at_o 〈◊〉_d stance_n from_o court_n as_o make_v they_o incapable_a of_o oppose_v his_o interest_n the_o same_o method_n he_o make_v use_v of_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n and_o such_o as_o have_v have_v the_o chief_a administration_n of_o affair_n in_o the_o late_a great_a duke_n s_o reign_v who_o he_o send_v away_o from_o the_o prince_n peâ—sâ—â—_n to_o far_o distant_a country_n â—_o thus_o he_o do_v with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d rippine_n and_o corakin_n the_o first_o of_o who_o he_o constitute_v governor_n of_o nisi_fw-la novogorod_n the_o last_o of_o caâ—an_n have_v thus_o remove_v from_o the_o prince_n person_n all_o such_o as_o he_o think_v may_v any_o way_n oppose_v his_o greatness_n and_o fill_v all_o place_n of_o profit_n
and_o trust_v at_o court_n with_o his_o own_o kindred_n or_o creature_n such_o as_o he_o know_v whole_o to_o depend_v on_o his_o fortune_n he_o use_v frequent_o to_o get_v the_o young_a prince_n out_o of_o the_o capital_a city_n under_o preâ—ence_n of_o hunt_v or_o some_o other_o divertisement_n so_o to_o beget_v in_o he_o a_o aversion_n to_o business_n whereby_o the_o whole_a management_n of_o affair_n may_v fall_v to_o this_o share_n but_o in_o order_n to_o a_o entire_a establishment_n of_o his_o fortune_n he_o think_v nothing_o more_o conduce_v to_o make_v sure_a of_o the_o young_a prince_n favour_n than_o if_o he_o can_v get_v he_o to_o choose_v a_o wife_n out_o of_o such_o a_o family_n as_o be_v absolute_o in_o his_o interest_n and_o where_o he_o himself_o may_v engage_v in_o a_o alliance_n by_o marriage_n will_v enage_n both_o the_o prince_n and_o great_a duchess_n in_o his_o future_a preservation_n the_o person_n he_o pitch_v upon_o as_o most_o suitable_a to_o his_o purpose_n be_v one_o 〈◊〉_d danilovit_n mioslauski_n of_o obscure_a genâ—â—â—ty_n raise_v by_o the_o death_n of_o grammatine_a the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o ambassador_n office_n his_o uncle_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n who_o servant_n he_o have_v be_v former_o this_o man_n be_v look_v upon_o with_o a_o very_a favourable_a eye_n by_o morosou_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o constant_a attendance_n on_o he_o and_o his_o two_o beautiful_a daughter_n one_o of_o which_o he_o design_v for_o the_o great_a duke_n the_o other_o for_o himself_o whilst_o this_o favourite_n be_v thus_o employ_v all_o his_o cunning_a to_o establish_v his_o fortune_n in_o the_o near_a alliance_n with_o his_o sovereign_n he_o be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o have_v be_v frustrate_v in_o his_o hope_n if_o by_o his_o dexterity_n he_o have_v not_o extricate_v himself_o out_o of_o that_o difficulty_n which_o be_v likely_a to_o have_v render_v his_o design_n abortive_a for_o a_o certain_a young_a lady_n who_o be_v exceed_o beautiful_a 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the_o orown_n about_o her_o head_n she_o fall_v into_o a_o swoon_n which_o be_v present_o by_o those_o that_o be_v present_a and_o most_o of_o they_o creature_n of_o boris_n morosou_n construe_v a_o apoplectic_a fit_a so_o that_o the_o poor_a old_a gentleman_n her_o father_n who_o believe_v himself_o just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o be_v exalt_v to_o one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a station_n in_o the_o empire_n by_o the_o alliance_n with_o his_o sovereign_n see_v himself_o not_o only_o unexpected_o deceive_v in_o his_o hope_n but_o be_v beside_o accuse_v of_o 〈◊〉_d treason_n in_o pretend_v to_o put_v his_o daughter_n labour_v under_o such_o a_o distemper_n into_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v force_v to_o undergo_v the_o strappado_n and_o be_v banish_v into_o siberia_n where_o he_o no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o he_o die_v with_o grief_n leave_v his_o family_n in_o disgrace_n the_o maid_n remain_v a_o virgin_n ever_o after_o till_o her_o death_n and_o be_v never_o know_v to_o have_v have_v any_o fit_a since_o and_o the_o emperor_n be_v conscious_a of_o the_o wrong_n do_v to_o she_o and_o her_o father_n allow_v 〈◊〉_d a_o large_a yearly_a pension_n which_o make_v she_o to_o be_v court_v by_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n who_o she_o all_o refuse_v and_o keep_v the_o handkerchief_n and_o ring_n as_o pledge_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o her_o family_n but_o to_o return_v to_o morosou_n who_o have_v weather_v this_o point_n and_o rely_v upon_o the_o fidelity_n of_o ilia_n danilovit_n miloslauski_n he_o take_v the_o first_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o speak_v to_o the_o great_a duke_n concern_v he_o and_o thence_o to_o extol_v the_o beauty_n and_o desert_n of_o the_o two_o gentlewoman_n his_o daughter_n these_o commendation_n have_v raise_v in_o the_o great_a duke_n a_o desire_n to_o see_v they_o he_o send_v to_o they_o under_o pretence_n of_o a_o visit_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o princess_n his_o sister_n where_o have_v take_v a_o full_a view_n of_o â—â—em_n both_o he_o become_v instant_o so_o enamour_v with_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o elder_a who_o name_n be_v mary_n that_o he_o dispatch_v one_o immediate_o to_o her_o father_n to_o bring_v he_o the_o welcome_a news_n that_o the_o czar_n intend_v to_o honour_v he_o with_o his_o alliance_n and_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n it_o be_v easy_o imagine_v that_o as_o mâ—iloslauski_n be_v not_o altogether_o unprepared_a for_o it_o so_o he_o receive_v the_o message_n with_o the_o most_o profound_a respect_n and_o without_o be_v in_o the_o least_o discompose_v return_v his_o most_o humble_a thanks_o to_o his_o czarish_n majesty_n for_o the_o honour_n he_o intend_v to_o do_v his_o family_n some_o day_n after_o the_o great_a duke_n senâ—_n present_v of_o a_o very_a great_a value_n to_o his_o bride_n and_o have_v be_v inform_v concern_v the_o circumstance_n of_o miloslauski_n which_o be_v such_o as_o that_o he_o and_o his_o family_n can_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o wedding_n without_o a_o present_a supply_n he_o order_v they_o a_o considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o put_v they_o in_o a_o equipage_n suitable_a to_o their_o present_a condition_n the_o marriage_n ceremony_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1647_o 〈◊〉_d the_o young_a great_a duke_n 〈◊〉_d but_o very_o private_o for_o fear_n of_o witchcraft_n a_o thing_n much_o â—â—eaded_v among_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o muscovy_n especial_o at_o 〈◊〉_d wedding_n the_o czarissa_n be_v a_o very_a beautiful_a lady_n beside_o which_o her_o modest_a and_o religious_a behaviour_n and_o many_o charitable_a action_n make_v she_o afterward_o the_o darling_n of_o the_o people_n the_o next_o thing_n boris_n morosou_n have_v to_o do_v be_v to_o petition_v for_o ann_n the_o young_a daughter_n of_o miloslanâ—ki_n and_o sister_n to_o the_o empress_n which_o have_v be_v soon_o grant_v he_o marry_v she_o in_o eight_o day_n after_o so_o that_o his_o former_a interest_n be_v now_o strengthen_v by_o this_o new_a alliance_n his_o fortnue_n be_v establish_v beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o his_o enemy_n but_o his_o content_a at_o home_n be_v not_o altogether_o answerable_a to_o his_o great_a fortune_n at_o court_n for_o he_o be_v a_o person_n pretty_a well_o advance_v in_o year_n and_o she_o a_o brown_a buxom_a lass_n find_v herself_o deceive_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n in_o her_o expectation_n so_o that_o instead_o of_o child_n jealousy_n be_v get_v which_o produce_v the_o ordinary_a effect_n to_o wit_n first_o contention_n and_o afterward_o after_o the_o muscovian_a way_n the_o house-discipline_n and_o some_o person_n among_o who_o be_v also_o a_o englishman_n be_v suspect_v to_o have_v too_o free_a a_o access_n to_o boris_n morosou_n house_n be_v by_o his_o instigation_n banish_v into_o siberia_n but_o whatever_o his_o fortune_n may_v be_v at_o home_n he_o be_v not_o careless_a in_o his_o affair_n at_o court_n where_o in_o conjunction_n with_o ilia_n damilovits-miloslauski_a the_o great_a duke_n father-in-law_n they_o manage_v every_o thing_n to_o their_o own_o advantage_n for_o they_o not_o only_o remove_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n from_o court_n but_z by_o degree_n cast_v off_o all_o such_o old_a officer_n of_o the_o household_n as_o be_v yet_o remain_v in_o who_o stead_n they_o bring_v in_o their_o own_o kindred_n and_o creature_n who_o let_v sâ—ip_v no_o opportunity_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o public_a among_o other_o they_o have_v make_v one_o leponti-steppanovits-plessou_a chief_a justice_n of_o the_o semskoy_n duor_n or_o semskoy_n pricas_n a_o court_n institute_v for_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o civil_a cause_n between_o the_o citizen_n of_o musco_n where_o be_v also_o pay_v the_o duty_n arise_v from_o place_n and_o house_n that_o be_v sell_v as_o also_o the_o tax_n levy_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o bridge_n gate_n fortress_n and_o
have_v soon_o conquer_a the_o great_a and_o lesser_n poland_n and_o mosovia_n with_o the_o city_n of_o cracovia_n march_v from_o thence_o into_o prussia_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v by_o most_o of_o the_o city_n except_o dantzick_n who_o stand_v firm_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o king_n casimir_n see_v his_o affair_n reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n he_o flee_v himself_o into_o silesia_n for_o refuge_n and_o aid_n from_o the_o emperor_n so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o whole_a stand_a militia_n of_o poland_n but_o also_o that_o part_n of_o lithuania_n which_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o conquer_a by_o the_o muscovite_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o swedish_n protection_n czar_n alexis_n michaelovit_n not_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o encounter_n the_o swede_n flush_v with_o their_o late_a success_n and_o strengthen_v by_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o poland_n judge_v it_o more_o for_o his_o interest_n to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o opportunity_n whilst_o the_o swede_n be_v engage_v with_o the_o pole_n sweden_n his_o war_n with_o sweden_n to_o transfer_v his_o arm_n into_o livonia_n where_o he_o hope_v to_o make_v a_o considerable_a progress_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o their_o king_n charles_n gustavus_n before_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n liuâ—nia_n enter_v liuâ—nia_n he_o enter_v livonia_n with_o a_o very_a puissant_a army_n and_o besiege_a torpat_v which_o after_o some_o resistance_n he_o take_v by_o composition_n have_v soon_o after_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o kokenhousen_n riga_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o riga_n and_o some_o other_o place_n of_o note_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o riga_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o lettie_n in_o livonia_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n dune_n which_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n but_o the_o swedish_n garrison_n defend_v the_o place_n with_o so_o much_o gallantry_n that_o the_o muscovite_n notwithstanding_o their_o reiterated_a attack_n be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n with_o very_o great_a loss_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o pole_n have_v recollect_v themselves_o after_o their_o first_o consternation_n have_v defeat_v and_o disperse_v the_o swede_n that_o be_v quarter_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n have_v retake_v warsovia_n and_o the_o revolt_a lithuanian_n have_v surprise_v and_o kill_v all_o the_o swede_n that_o be_v in_o winter_n quarter_n with_o they_o and_o though_o charles_n gustavus_n the_o swedish_n king_n have_v be_v join_v before_o by_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburgh_n force_n do_v vanquish_v the_o pole_n in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n which_o last_v three_o day_n near_o warsovia_n yet_o be_v soon_o after_o oblige_v to_o march_v out_o of_o poland_n against_o the_o dane_n the_o pole_n retake_v cracovia_n and_o thorn_n from_o the_o swede_n and_o recover_v courland_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n at_o last_o both_o crown_n be_v tire_v with_o the_o war_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n in_o the_o year_n 1666._o in_o the_o monastery_n of_o oliva_n near_o the_o city_n of_o dantzick_n in_o the_o royal_a prussia_n so_o that_o czar_n alexis_n michaelovit_n fear_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o after_o the_o peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o both_o those_o potent_a kingdom_n they_o may_v turn_v their_o unite_a force_n against_o he_o propose_v to_o be_v include_v in_o the_o say_a treaty_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o oliva_n peacemale_n at_o oliva_n both_o the_o muscovite_n and_o pole_n resign_v their_o pretension_n upon_o livonia_n to_o the_o swede_n but_o the_o first_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o smolensko_n severia_n and_o kiovia_n which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o pole_n as_o a_o equivalent_a of_o what_o they_o lose_v in_o livonia_n in_o lieu_n of_o which_o the_o swede_n restore_v to_o the_o pole_n all_o the_o place_n they_o be_v possess_v of_o in_o the_o royal_a prussia_n and_o the_o late_a resign_v the_o whole_a sovereignty_n over_o the_o ducal_z prussia_n to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n this_o peace_n prove_v very_o advantageous_a to_o the_o muscovite_n who_o by_o the_o recovery_n of_o these_o frontier_n province_n secure_v themselves_o against_o the_o further_a attempt_n of_o a_o most_o potent_a neighbour_n the_o war_n he_o be_v engage_v in_o against_o the_o turk_n and_o crim_n tartar_n turk_n his_o war_n 〈◊〉_d â—he_n turk_n be_v occasion_v because_o some_o of_o the_o zaporogian_n cosacks_n have_v submit_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n as_o we_o mention_v before_o whereas_o some_o of_o they_o have_v seek_v for_o protection_n under_o the_o grand_a signior_n which_o occasion_v a_o war_n betwixt_o these_o two_o potent_a neighbour_n in_o which_o the_o muscovite_n get_v but_o little_a advantage_n for_o the_o crim_n tartar_n make_v a_o irruption_n into_o muscovy_n and_o carry_v away_o above_o 400000_o soul_n into_o perpetual_a captivity_n there_o have_v some_o year_n before_o also_o be_v sweep_v away_o by_o the_o plague_n betwixt_o seven_o and_o eight_o hundred_o thousand_o people_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n have_v be_v lose_v in_o the_o war_n with_o the_o pole_n and_o swede_n so_o that_o betwixt_o the_o sword_n and_o plague_n it_o be_v compute_v that_o muscovy_n have_v in_o ten_o year_n time_n lose_v near_o a_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o people_n which_o so_o impoverish_v and_o depopulate_v the_o country_n that_o abundance_n of_o the_o best_a land_n lay_v untilled_a for_o want_v of_o hand_n and_o that_o in_o some_o of_o the_o southern_a part_n where_o the_o crim_n tartar_n have_v make_v their_o inroad_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v but_o woman_n and_o child_n since_o which_o time_n however_o the_o russian_a empire_n have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n recover_v its_o pristine_a prosperity_n in_o the_o year_n 1669_o rebellion_n a_o new_a rebellion_n muscovy_n be_v involve_v in_o another_o rebellion_n raise_v by_o one_o stephen_n ratzin_n he_o be_v a_o dunensian_a cosack_n by_o birth_n and_o have_v observe_v a_o certain_a disposition_n in_o the_o nagaian_n tartar_n inhabit_v the_o kingdom_n of_o casan_n and_o astrachan_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heavy_a oppression_n they_o groan_v under_o by_o the_o mismanagement_n and_o avarice_n of_o the_o muscovite_n governor_n in_o those_o part_n to_o shake_v off_o the_o russian_a yoke_n he_o gather_v a_o considerable_a party_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o a_o good_a number_n of_o his_o fellow_n cosack_v inhabit_v betwixt_o the_o don_a and_o the_o wolga_n he_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o to_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o astrachan_n which_o after_o some_o small_a resistance_n be_v surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v towards_o casan_n threaten_v not_o only_o that_o city_n but_o also_o the_o southern_a muscovy_n with_o a_o most_o dreadful_a invasion_n his_o army_n increase_v prodigious_o by_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o tartar_n that_o fâ—ocked_v in_o to_o his_o assistance_n but_o instead_o of_o improve_n this_o opportunity_n to_o his_o advantage_n he_o give_v himself_o to_o idleness_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o debauchery_n whereby_o the_o muscovite_n have_v get_v leisure_n to_o draw_v together_o their_o force_n to_o stop_v the_o current_n of_o his_o victory_n they_o be_v so_o expeditious_a as_o to_o arrive_v near_o casan_n before_o ratzin_n can_v lay_v siege_n to_o the_o place_n and_o have_v thus_o cut_v off_o all_o communication_n with_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o from_o whence_o astrachan_n and_o the_o adjacent_a part_n be_v supply_v with_o corn_n the_o rebellious_a army_n be_v soon_o reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n so_o that_o the_o tartar_n be_v apprehensive_a of_o their_o approach_a danger_n leave_v their_o leader_n for_o the_o most_o part_n notwithstanding_o which_v the_o cosack_n stand_v it_o out_o brave_o resolve_v to_o maintain_v their_o ground_n against_o the_o muscovite_n for_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v entrench_v themselves_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o astrachan_n the_o muscovite_n see_v the_o desperate_a resolution_n of_o the_o cosack_n think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o reduce_v they_o if_o possible_a to_o obedience_n rather_o by_o fair_a mean_n and_o a_o promise_n of_o pardon_n for_o what_o be_v past_a than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n this_o have_v the_o desire_a effect_n for_o ratzin_n find_v his_o cosack_n waver_v upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n in_o the_o czar_n court_n who_o give_v he_o great_a hope_n of_o his_o pardon_n surrender_v himself_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o czar_n alexis_n michaelovit_n in_o the_o next_o follow_v year_n his_o party_n be_v thus_o deprive_v of_o their_o head_n ready_o embrace_v the_o czar_n offer_n but_o ratzin_n himself_o not_o long_o after_o find_v himself_o extreme_o mistake_v in_o his_o hope_n for_o he_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o great_a marketplace_n before_o the_o castle_n behead_v ratzin_n behead_v where_o he_o have_v
after_o give_v they_o such_o evident_a proof_n of_o his_o great_a ability_n in_o the_o art_n of_o government_n that_o they_o be_v satisfy_v their_o hope_n will_v not_o fall_v short_a of_o their_o expectation_n especial_o when_o the_o czaritza_n within_o a_o twelve_o month_n after_o bring_v forth_o as_o young_a prince_n who_o be_v now_o about_o eight_o year_n of_o age_n give_v all_o the_o imaginable_a hope_n of_o be_v one_o day_n the_o inheritor_n of_o his_o father_n virtue_n and_o dominion_n for_o after_o the_o removal_n of_o gallizin_n have_v take_v the_o reins_o of_o the_o government_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o consequent_o supprese_v that_o faction_n which_o hitherto_o have_v in_o a_o measure_n oppose_v his_o greatness_n he_o begin_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n towards_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o these_o design_n which_o within_o these_o few_o year_n last_o pass_v have_v be_v the_o admiration_n of_o all_o europe_n and_o cause_v terror_n to_o his_o enemy_n the_o unfortunate_a war_n in_o which_o the_o turk_n be_v engage_v against_o the_o emperor_n pole_n and_o venetian_n have_v sufficient_o disenable_v they_o to_o send_v any_o considerable_a succour_n to_o the_o crim_n tartar_n tartar_n the_o war_n against_o the_o crim_n tartar_n the_o hereditary_a enemy_n of_o muscovy_n which_o have_v so_o often_o feel_v the_o direful_a effect_n of_o their_o barbarous_a cruelty_n the_o present_a juncture_n of_o time_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o most_o favourable_a to_o reduce_v these_o troublesome_a neighbour_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o russian_a empire_n for_o which_o purpose_n a_o considerable_a army_n have_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n the_o siege_n of_o asaph_n be_v resolve_v on_o which_o city_n be_v seat_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n don_n or_o tanais_n where_o it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o palus_n meotides_n or_o the_o sea_n of_o zabacçhe_n be_v the_o inlet_n into_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o conquent_o facilitate_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o crim_n tartar_n inhabit_v the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n the_o muscovite_n attack_v the_o city_n very_o vigorous_o but_o be_v destitute_a of_o ship_n and_o not_o sufficient_o provide_v with_o good_a cannoneer_n they_o can_v not_o hinder_v the_o turk_n from_o bring_v in_o at_o several_a time_n fresh_a supply_n of_o man_n ammunition_n and_o other_o necessary_n whereby_o they_o be_v oblige_v at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o winter_n season_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n for_o that_o time_n but_o the_o czar_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v discourage_v by_o this_o retreat_n that_o he_o resolve_v to_o repair_v this_o disgrace_n and_o to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o place_n let_v it_o cost_v what_o it_o will_n for_o which_o purpose_n have_v order_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o ship_n to_o be_v build_v and_o man_v to_o prevent_v their_o communication_n with_o the_o sea_n and_o obtain_v a_o good_a number_n of_o engineer_n bombardeer_n and_o cannoneer_n from_o the_o emperor_n venetian_n elector_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o some_o other_o christian_a prince_n he_o resolve_v to_o take_v the_o field_n in_o person_n in_o the_o ensue_a year_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o river_n shall_v become_v navigable_a and_o to_o open_v the_o campaign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o asoph_n pursuant_n to_o this_o resolution_n have_v order_v a_o vast_a train_n of_o artillery_n asoph_n besiege_v asoph_n consist_v of_o 400_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o 150_o mortar_n to_o be_v get_v ready_a he_o march_v with_o a_o very_a numerous_a army_n command_v under_o he_o by_o his_o favourite_n the_o general_n and_o admiral_n le_fw-fr fort_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o embassy_n now_o in_o holland_n by_o mr._n gourdon_n a_o scotchman_n and_o afranou_n nichelovit_n a_o muscovite_n and_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o the_o say_a city_n whilst_o his_o fleet_n guard_v the_o port_n and_o prevent_v any_o supply_n from_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n that_o way_n and_o the_o cosack_n general_n mazepa_n and_o paley_n advance_v in_o two_o distinct_a body_n towards_o the_o boristhenes_n to_o give_v a_o powerful_a diversion_n to_o the_o crim_n tartar_n on_o that_o side_n the_o tartar_n within_o defend_v themselves_o for_o some_o time_n with_o bravery_n enough_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a havoc_n make_v by_o the_o muscovite_n bomb_n under_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o foreign_a bombardier_n but_o find_v themselves_o disappoint_v in_o their_o hope_n of_o relief_n by_o sea_n the_o muscovite_n have_v defeat_v those_o that_o come_v to_o their_o assistance_n they_o beat_v a_o parley_n composition_n take_v asoph_n by_o composition_n and_o surrender_v themselves_o upon_o certain_a article_n to_o the_o czar_n after_o the_o take_n of_o asoph_n he_o advance_v to_o karikeumen_n which_o by_o the_o force_n of_o his_o bomb_n he_o soon_o oblige_v to_o surrender_v at_o discretion_n all_o the_o castle_n and_o place_n thereabouts_o undergo_v the_o same_o fate_n most_o of_o which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v demolish_v unless_o it_o be_v taran_n where_o he_o leave_v a_o very_a good_a garrison_n the_o same_o summer_n the_o cosack_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o several_a strong_a fort_n on_o the_o boristhenes_n which_o may_v in_o time_n much_o facilite_n the_o take_n of_o precop_n scituate_n at_o the_o very_a entrance_n of_o the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n the_o czar_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o a_o place_n so_o considerable_a for_o its_o situation_n be_v receive_v at_o his_o return_n by_o his_o subject_n inhabit_v the_o city_n of_o musco_n triumph_n enter_v moscow_n in_o triumph_n with_o all_o the_o demostration_n of_o joy_n and_o other_o honour_n due_a to_o a_o conqueror_n for_o at_o his_o entrance_n there_o be_v triumphal_a arch_n erect_v represent_v the_o conquest_n of_o asoph_n and_o other_o place_n take_v by_o he_o the_o summer_n before_o and_o as_o he_o go_v through_o the_o city_n to_o the_o castle_n he_o be_v precede_v by_o the_o general_n le_fw-fr fort_n in_o a_o litter_n and_o by_o general_n gourdon_n on_o horse_n back_o but_o what_o be_v most_o please_a to_o the_o people_n be_v the_o lead_v it_o triumph_n of_o a_o certain_a note_a deserter_n who_o be_v name_n be_v jacob._n he_o be_v take_v at_o the_o surrender_n of_o asoph_n be_v bring_v into_o muscovy_n and_o to_o complete_a the_o show_n be_v place_v upon_o a_o high_a wagon_n seat_v under_o a_o gibbet_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v hang_v the_o next_o day_n after_o this_o solemn_a entry_n his_o next_o care_n be_v to_o send_v a_o envoy_n to_o the-court_n of_o vienna_n not_o only_o to_o give_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n against_o the_o infidel_n but_o more_o particular_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o more_o strict_a alliance_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederate_n against_o the_o turk_n and_o have_v receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o the_o french_a ambassador_n in_o poland_n be_v labour_v for_o the_o advance_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o conti_n to_o the_o polish_v crown_n he_o give_v the_o polish_v nobility_n to_o understand_v by_o his_o minister_n resident_n in_o poland_n that_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v advance_v the_o prince_n of_o conti_n or_o any_o other_o frenchman_n to_o the_o throne_n they_o must_v expect_v to_o be_v treat_v as_o enemy_n he_o look_v upon_o the_o french_a nation_n join_v in_o alliance_n with_o the_o turk_n to_o stand_v in_o opposition_n to_o the_o general_n interest_n of_o christendom_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o negotiation_n at_o vienna_n turk_n conclude_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o confederate_n against_o the_o turk_n concern_v the_o alliance_n against_o the_o infidel_n go_v on_o with_o good_a success_n the_o main_a scruple_n to_o be_v remove_v be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o alliance_n and_o which_o the_o muscovite_n desire_v to_o be_v for_o seven_o year_n whereas_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o venetian_n insist_v to_o have_v it_o continue_v for_o no_o long_o than_o three_o year_n but_o the_o czar_n have_v send_v new_a instruction_n to_o his_o envoy_n with_o full_a power_n to_o conclude_v the_o say_a negotiation_n according_a to_o the_o proposal_n make_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederate_n all_o thing_n be_v at_o last_o agree_v on_o to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o all_o the_o party_n concern_v in_o the_o alliance_n and_o the_o treaty_n be_v sign_v and_o ratify_v at_o vienna_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o venetian_a resident_n contain_v beside_o several_a other_o these_o three_o follow_a article_n that_o the_o alliance_n shall_v last_v three_o year_n at_o least_o reserve_v to_o the_o party_n concern_v the_o power_n to_o renew_v it_o after_o that_o time_n be_v expire_v if_o they_o think_v fit_a that_o none_o of_o the_o party_n shall_v make_v peace_n without_o the_o knowledge_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o other_o and_o last_o that_o in_o case_n the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v any_o proposal_n of_o peace_n to_o any_o one_o of_o the_o
ready_a to_o be_v cut_v towards_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o november_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o december_n they_o sow_v it_o but_o once_o in_o three_o year_n but_o the_o first_o year_n produce_v the_o best_a when_o the_o leaf_n be_v cut_v off_o within_o a_o foot_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o stalk_n be_v throw_v away_o as_o useless_a and_o the_o leave_v lay_v a_o dry_n in_o the_o sun_n which_o do_v they_o be_v put_v a_o put_v a_o soak_v for_o four_o or_o five_o day_n in_o a_o stone_n trough_n the_o water_n with_o the_o leaf_n be_v often_o stir_v till_o such_o time_n that_o the_o water_n have_v sufficient_o extract_v the_o whole_a tincture_n of_o the_o herb._n then_o the_o water_n be_v smooth_o draw_v off_o into_o another_o stone_n trough_n in_o order_n to_o let_v it_o settle_v for_o one_o night_n the_o next_o day_n all_o the_o water_n be_v again_o draw_v off_o to_o the_o settlement_n and_o what_o be_v thus_o leave_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o trough_n be_v strain_v through_o a_o course_n cloth_n and_o so_o set_v a_o dry_n in_o the_o sun_n and_o this_o be_v true_a indigo_n which_o however_o the_o banyan_o frequent_o adulterate_a by_o mix_v with_o it_o a_o certain_a earth_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n and_o because_o the_o excellency_n of_o this_o commodity_n be_v judge_v by_o its_o lightness_n they_o have_v cunning_a enough_o to_o add_v to_o it_o some_o oil_n to_o make_v it_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n the_o second_o year_n the_o stalk_v which_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o ground_n the_o year_n before_o shoot_v forth_o other_o leaf_n but_o they_o be_v not_o comparable_a to_o those_o of_o the_o first_o though_o they_o much_o exceed_v the_o wild_a indigo_n wherefore_o they_o reserve_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o second_o year_n product_v for_o seed_n that_o of_o the_o three_o year_n be_v as_o much_o infersour_n in_o goodness_n to_o that_o of_o the_o second_o as_o that_o be_v in_o comparison_n of_o that_o of_o the_o first_o and_o be_v therefore_o in_o no_o esteem_n among_o foreign_a merchant_n be_v onmade_v use_n of_o in_o the_o country_n in_o die_v of_o their_o clothes_n after_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o ground_n three_o year_n they_o let_v the_o land_n lie_v fallow_a for_o one_o year_n before_o they_o set_v it_o again_o the_o banyan_o in_o general_n be_v the_o most_o crafty_a trader_n in_o the_o world_n which_o make_v the_o muscovite_n as_o do_v also_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a in_o india_n employ_v those_o reside_v at_o astrachan_n and_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n employ_v they_o for_o their_o factor_n and_o hawkers_o as_o be_v the_o most_o likely_a to_o discover_v the_o cheat_v of_o their_o brethren_n in_o india_n both_o the_o banyan_o and_o armenian_n reside_v at_o astrachan_n be_v very_o industrious_a in_o keep_v a_o constant_a correspondence_n with_o the_o indian_n and_o persian_n in_o their_o respective_a country_n but_o especial_o in_o all_o the_o seaport_n of_o the_o caspian_a sea_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o river_n that_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o it_o render_v the_o commerce_n with_o persia_n and_o consequent_o with_o the_o infidel_n very_o commodious_a to_o the_o muscovite_n among_o other_o the_o great_a city_n gangea_n one_o of_o the_o fair_a and_o best_a in_o persia_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o advantageous_a situation_n for_o trade_n upon_o the_o confluence_n of_o several_a river_n and_o the_o great_a crowd_n of_o stranger_n that_o resort_v thither_o on_o the_o account_n of_o traffic_n be_v frequent_o visit_v by_o the_o muscovian_a factor_n the_o banyan_o and_o armenian_n but_o shamachie_n be_v the_o place_n shamachi_n the_o city_n of_o shamachi_n which_o chief_o furnish_v the_o muscovite_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o nearness_n to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n with_o such_o indian_a and_o persian_a commodity_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o this_o city_n be_v indeed_o former_o much_o big_a than_o it_o be_v now_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o have_v be_v about_o twenty_o year_n ago_o ruin_v by_o a_o eathquake_n yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o misfortune_n it_o be_v still_o very_o considerable_a there_o be_v not_o in_o all_o the_o persian_a empire_n a_o city_n where_o there_o be_v so_o general_a a_o resort_n of_o stranger_n of_o all_o nation_n to_o wit_n of_o armenian_n banyan_o georgian_n greek_n turk_n circasian_o and_o muscovite_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o have_v their_o particular_a caravansera_n or_o public_a storehouse_n where_o they_o truck_v their_o tin_n russia_n leather_n copper_n fur_n and_o other_o merchandise_n for_o the_o precious_a commodity_n of_o india_n and_o persia_n and_o which_o afterward_o be_v convey_v into_o to_o russia_n either_o by_o land_n by_o the_o way_n of_o derbent_n through_o the_o dagesthan_n and_o circasian_n tartar_n over_o the_o great_a desert_n of_o astrachan_n to_o the_o river_n wolga_n or_o else_o be_v ship_v in_o the_o road_n of_o nizora_n the_o most_o safe_a and_o most_o convenient_a for_o ship_n in_o all_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v carry_v up_o the_o wolga_n to_o the_o river_n ocâ—a_n and_o so_o by_o the_o inopea_n to_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o project_n which_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o present_a czar_n of_o muscovy_n have_v be_v set_v on_o foot_n of_o 〈◊〉_d a_o communication_n betwixt_o the_o great_a river_n the_o wolga_n and_o the_o don_n will_v when_o perfect_v be_v of_o incredible_a advantage_n to_o the_o muscovite_n in_o transâ—â—â—ing_v not_o only_o their_o own_o but_o all_o the_o sarick_a indian_a persian_a and_o chinese_n commodity_n into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n especial_o if_o his_o present_a czarish_n majesty_n shall_v be_v so_o successful_a against_o the_o crim_n tartar_n as_o to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o city_n and_o port_n of_o caffa_n former_o so_o famous_a when_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o geneâ—ses_n and_o the_o port_n of_o erzotra_n situate_v on_o the_o black_a sea_n i_o have_v hitherto_o withal_o the_o enquiry_n i_o can_v make_v not_o be_v able_a to_o be_v full_o instruct_v in_o what_o place_n it_o be_v that_o this_o communication_n betwixt_o these_o two_o river_n be_v to_o be_v perfect_v but_o thus_o much_o be_v most_o probale_n that_o it_o must_v either_o be_v effect_v by_o cut_v a_o canal_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n wolga_n wolga_n communication_n betwixt_o the_o river_n don_n and_o wolga_n near_o the_o city_n of_o zariza_n where_o the_o don_n advance_v within_o seven_o league_n of_o the_o wolga_n for_o else_o by_o render_v the_o small_a river_n of_o kamous_a navigable_a which_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o don_n fall_v below_o the_o say_a city_n of_o zaria_n behind_o the_o islle_v of_o zerpinsk_n into_o the_o river_n wolga_n as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o chinese_n trade_n in_o muscovy_n trade_n the_o chinese_n trade_n how_o the_o way_n thither_o be_v first_o discover_v and_o improve_v by_o the_o sable_a hunter_n of_o siberia_n and_o how_o by_o the_o river_n of_o obi_n genessay_n lena_n and_o yomour_n and_o by_o the_o conveniency_n of_o their_o sled_n draw_v by_o rain-deer_n during_o the_o winter_n season_n they_o carry_v on_o that_o trade_n have_v be_v circumstantial_o relate_v in_o the_o first_o part_n in_o that_o chapter_n where_o we_o treat_v of_o siberia_n we_o have_v therefore_o only_o thus_o much_o to_o add_v here_o that_o as_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o banyan_o and_o armenian_n 〈◊〉_d muscovite_n maintain_v a_o constant_a correspondence_n with_o the_o indian_n and_o persian_n so_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o those_o they_o call_v kitachi_n they_o keep_v up_o their_o communication_n with_o china_n these_o kitachi_n go_v common_o under_o the_o name_n of_o chineses_n in_o muscovy_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o muscovite_n call_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n betwixt_o the_o river_n oby_n the_o wolga_n and_o china_n which_o 〈◊〉_d proper_o the_o great_a tartary_n by_o the_o name_n of_o kaâ—â—â—_n but_o in_o regard_n the_o muscovite_n as_o we_o mention_v in_o the_o first_o volume_n have_v make_v such_o considerable_a discovery_n on_o that_o side_n of_o late_a year_n as_o to_o have_v build_v several_a city_n for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o colony_n on_o that_o side_n they_o have_v also_o by_o degree_n draw_v abundance_n of_o these_o wander_a people_n to_o these_o 〈◊〉_d where_o after_o once_o they_o become_v fix_v and_o begin_v to_o have_v a_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n of_o a_o settle_a life_n they_o have_v settle_v themselves_o in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o muscovy_n and_o prove_v very_o beneficial_a to_o the_o russian_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o chinese_n trade_n by_o their_o correspondence_n with_o the_o several_a tartarian_a nation_n inhabit_v that_o spacious_a country_n betwixt_o siberia_n and_o