for otherwise new Iudges would still bring new Iudgements and therefore he caused twelve to be chosen out of every Countie which should on their oath without inclining one way or other neither adding nor detracting open unto him all their ancient Laws and Customes By whose relation understanding that three sorts of Lawes formerly were in the Land Merchenlage West-Saxon-lage Dane-lage he had preferred these last himselfe and People being anciently derived from those Northern people had not all the Barons bewayling to the King how grievous it was for a Land to be iudged by those Lawes which they understood not altered his resolute purpose yet in bringing in the strange formes of Normas Processe and pleading in the French tongue which continued till Edward the thirds time that grievance was but slenderly prevented So likewise did he much alter the old Courts of Iustice where these Lawes should be ministred but whereas the ancient Kings of England according to Moses his example sate in person in the seate of Iustice to right the greater affaires of their Subjects as William Lambert sheweth in King Alfred Edgar Canutus c. and proves out of the Kings Oath out of Bracton Britain Saxon-Lawes c. King William not only continued this but besides erected some other Courts of Iustice as the Exchequer and certaine Courts and Sessions to be held foure times every yeere appointing both Iudges some to heare causes others to whom appeales should be made but none from them and also Prefects to looke to good orders Those last Polydore calleth Iustices of Peace but their institution seemes to be far later and no lesse is his errour on the other side in saying the Conquerour first instituted Sheriffes and the triall by twelve men which were both ancienter 4 And because the Conquerour for honour of Bishops caused them to remove from small obscure places to Cities of more renowne we have therefore reserved to this last place that division of this Kingdome which is according to Iurisdiction Episcopall Formerly in the yeer of salvation 636. Honorius the fift Archbishop of Canterbury first divided England into Parishes which at this day are contained under their severall Diocesans and these againe under their two Metropolitanes Canterbury and Yorke in manner following THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND YORKE Yorke Yorkshire Nottinghamshire 581. Chester Cheshire Richmondshire Cumberland part Lancashire 256. Carlile Cumberland part Westmorland 93. Durham Durham Northumberland 135. Sodor Man Iland 17. Totall Bishopricks 27. Parishes 9285. 5 To speake nothing of these twenty eight Flamins the Priests of Idolatry and the three Arch-Flamins whose seats were at London Caerlion and Yorke all of them converted by King Lucius into Christian Bishops Sees let us onely insist upon the three last by the same King appointed to be Metropolitanes over the rest among whom London is said to be chiefe whos 's first Christian Arch-bishop was Thean the builder of S. Peters Church in Cornehill for his Cathedrall as by an ancient Table there lately hanging was affirmed and tradition to this day doth hold Our British Historians doe bring a succession of fifteene Arch-bishops to have sate from his time unto the coming of the Saxons whose last was Vodius slaine by King Vortiger for reprehending his heathenish marriage with Rowen the daughter of Hengist At what time began the misery of the Land and of holy Religion both which they laid waste under their prophane feete untill Ethelbert of Kent the first Christian Saxon King advanced Christianity and Augustine to the Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury when London under Melitus became subject to that See 6 At Caerlion upon Vske in the time of great Arthur sate Dubritius a man excellently learned and of an holy conversation he had sate Bishop of Landaffe a long time and with Germanus and Lupus two French Bishops greatly impugned the Pelagian Heresie infecting at that time the Island very farre whose fame and integritie was such that he was made Arch-bishop of all Wales but growne very old he resigned the same unto David his Disciple a man of greater birth but greater austeritie of life who by consent of King Arthur removed his Arch-bishops See unto Menevia a place very solitary and meet for meditation the miracles of the man which are said to be many changed both the name of the place into his owne and robbed Caerlion of her Archiepiscopall seat This See of S. Davids as in an ancient Register belonging to that Church is recorded had seven Bishops Suffraganes subject unto it which were Exceter Bathe Hereford Landaffe Bangor S. Asaph and Fernes in Ireland Notwithstanding either for want of Pall carried into Britanny by Arch-bishop Sampson in a dangerous infection of sicknesse either by poverty or negligence it lost that Iurisdiction and in the dayes of King Henry the first became subject to the See of Canterbury 7 Yorke hath had better successe then either of the former in retaining her originall honour though much impaired in her circuit challenging to have beene sometime Metropolitane over all the Bishops in Scotland and although it was made equall in honour and power with Canterbury by Pope Gregory as Beda relateth and had twelve Suffragan Bishopricks that owed obedience onely foure now acknowledge Yorke their Metropolitane but Canterburie the Superiour for William the Conquerour thinking it dangerous to have two in like authoritie lest the one should set on his Crowne and the other strike it off left Yorke to be a Primate but Canterbury onely the Primate of all England 8 That Lichfield was made an Archiepiscopall See by Pope Hadrian the first at the suite of Offa the great King of Mercia is manifested by Matthew of Westminster unto whose Iurisdiction were assigned the Bishoprickes of Winchester Hereford Leicester Sidnacester Helmham and Dunwich and whose first and last Arch-bishop was Aldwin That Winchester also had intended an Archiepiscopall Pall the same Authour recordeth when Henry Bloys of the blood-royall greatly contended with the Arch-bishop of Canterburie for superiority under the pretence of being Cardinall de latere to him an Archiepiscopall Pall was sent with power and authority over seven Churches but he dying before that the designe was done the See of Winchester remained in subjection to Canterburie And that long before the See of Dorchester by Oxford had the Iurisdiction of an Arch-bishop is apparent by those Provinces that were under his Diocesse which were Winchester Oxford Lincolne Salisbury Bristow Wels Lichfield Chester and Excester and the first Bishop of this great Circuit Berinus was called the Apostle and Bishop of the West-Saxons which in his next successour was divided into two parts Winchester and Dorchester and not long after into Lichfield Sidnacester and Legecester and lastly the See removed from Dorchester to Lincolne as now it is And thus farre for the division of this Realme both Politicke and Ecclesiasticke as it hath stood and stands at this day 9 But the
Buckingham Recorders of Stafford Thomas Werswick Leichfield Iohn Rosse An. D. 606. An. D. 676. An. D. 718. An. 1148. Houses of Religion Castles Alton Carswall Chesterton Madeley Chatley Stafford Leichfield Tamworth Hely Newcastle Duddeley Tutbury Eccleshall The Saxonish names of this Shire The limits The forme Aire Soyle Severne Severne once the bounds of the North-Britaines Ordovices Caractacus Caer-Caradoc Cornavii This Shire a part of the Mercian Kingdome Henry the second Sir Hubert S. Clerc Henry Prince of Scotland King Stephen Shrop-shire the Marches of England and Wales King Henry the seaventh Prince Arthur King Henry the eight Shrewsbury the chiefe Towne Commodities Strength for warlike defence Magistracie Graduation Roxalter * Berry a Citie famous in Arthur dayes Castles 1. Whittenton 2. Ellismere 3. Oswestree 4. Wem 5. Red-castle 6. Morton-Corbeti 7. Knockin 8. Shrawerdon 9. Watlesburgh 10. Rowton 11. Brocard 12. Cause 13. Ponderbach 14. Atton-Burnell 15. Carleton 16. Dalaley 17. Tong. 18. Bridgnorth 19. Howgate 20. Bramcroft 21. Corsham 22. Clebery 23. Ludlow 24. Shipton 25. Hopton 26. Clâ—n 27 Newcastle 28. Bishopscastle 29. Bruges 30. Shrewesbury 31. Holgod 32. Lavemuste The borders of Chesse-shire The forme The Ayre and Climate The Soyle The ancient Inhabitants CORNAVII CANGI Tacit. Annal. lib. 12. cap. 8. * Chester Romans Saxons Annal. Britan. Cheshire made a Principality Nic. Trevet A. D. 1255. The Gentility of Chesse-shire Cheshire chiefe of men Cheshire women very faire Ranulph Cest. lib. 1. cap. 48. An. Do. 70. Hen. Bradshaw Chester described The Minster built Henry the 4. Emperour of Almaine buried in S. Wereburgs Eadesburg Finborow Eadgar triumph Marianuâ— Scotâ—â— Ioh Fik. Wil Malmes Ran. Higden Roger Hoven Alfrid Beverid Flores Hist. The Causey The Earles The confines Forme Dimensitie Ayre Soyle Commodities Woods carefully preserved in this Shire The old Inhabitantâ— Roman Saxon. Dane Norman Manchester Riblechester Lancaster more pleasant then full of people The grant of King Edward the third unto the Towne of Lancaster It is severed in some places by the force of the Sea Winander-mere It was last made subject to the West-Saxon Monarchy Arthur put to flight the Saxons Duke Wade put to the worst The civil wars of Yorke and Lancaster Their happy conjunction Castles Hundreds Market towns Parishes The benefits of Antiquitie Yorkeshire a great Province Mens affections most set to moderne matters Yorkeshire how bounded Full of Trees How bounded North. East West South Humber Yorkeshire divided West-Riding East-Riding North-Riding The Soile The Antiquities Columnes Altars Bricâ—es Abbeys Whitby Bolton Kirkstall S. Maries in Yorke Fountaines Monast. Saint Wilfrid Drax. Selby Causes of diminishing Church-livings Memorable places Halifax Pomfret Yorke Citie Yorke a pleasant Citie Egbert Arch-â—ishop of York Rich. the third Hen the eight Severus Empeâ—our Goddesse Bellona Constantius surnamed Chlorus Osbright and Ella Athâ—lstan The Citizens cost since Will. Conquerour The Magistracie of Yorke Citie The Battles Conisborough Aurelius Ambrosius Kirkstall Casterford Palme-Sunday Battle Lancastrians put to flight Places of other note Giggleswicke S. Wilfrids Needle Constantius Sepulchre An ancient Romane custome Yorkâ—shire delightfull The bounds of the West-Riding The Ayre The Sâ—yle Copper Lead Stone-Coale Lead-Oare Inhabitants Richmond the câ—iefe towne The occasion of building it Oswy King of Northumberland The Mâ—giâ—trâ—cie of Richmond The graduation Matters memorablâ— A Copper Mine Cockles on the top of the Mountaines Swale River Paulinus Archbishop of York Places of Antiquitie Bayntbridge Bowes or Levatrae A Thracian Cohort there Exploratores band there Spittle Maiden Castle Burgh Aurelius Commodus Statue Catarick Religious Houses Richmond Coverâ—ham Fois Ignorance Fâ—ith Castles Market towns The bounds of the North and East-Ridings The Aire The Soile and other Commodities Hâ—rrings Kingstone upon Hull Stock-fish Beverly a Sanctuary Places where are stones found like Serpents Where Geese fall Where a Sea-man was câ—ught Water for diseased eyes Black Amber or Jette Round stones with stone-Serpents in them The Battle of Battlebridge The Battle of the Standard David King of Scots Mowbray King Henry the second Religious houses Dunsley Gisburgh Kirkham Deirwaâ—d Market-Townes The bounds of this Province The Forme The Dimensitude The Ayre The Soyle Coale-pits Cambden The ancient Inhabitants The priviledge of this people S. Cuthbert The devotion of divers kings to S. Cuthbert Beda his tomb The Monks idlenesse the cause of their overthrow Hell-kettles A salt proceeding of stones Binchester Condercum Castles Hilton Branspâ—th Raâ—ye Durham Lumlâ—y Waâ—ton Baâ—nard The bounds of Westmorland The Length The Bredth The Forme The Soyle Inhabitants Commodities Kendale the chiefe Town Earles of Kendale The Magistracy of Kendale Graduation of it Places of chief 〈◊〉 verterae Apelby Roman Coyns here sound Sessions at Apelby Castle A Romane Station at 〈◊〉 King Iohn One House of Religion Notes of Anquitie Amble side The River Caâ— The Commodities of it Market towns Cumberlands bounds The forme The Ayre The Commodities The ancient Inhabitants Marian Scotus King Edmund King Stephens gift to the Scots Henry the Second Oliver S. Clere. Iames the sixt King of Scotland Carlile the chiefe Citie Edward the First Castles 1. Bâ—w 2. Askirton 3 Scalâ—y 4. Nowath 5. Castlesteed 6. Castle-carock 7 Corhy 8 Lyndstok 9. Rawcliffe 10 Drumbugh 11. Aâ—â—allwat 12. The Roseca 13 Highâ—ate 14 Wulsly 15. Cladâ—k 16. Haton 17 Grastok 18. Pemeth 19 Daker 20. Pape Cast. 21. Cokermouth 22. Werkinton 23 Hay 24 Egremand 25. Millum The bounds of Northumberland The Forme The Aire The Soyle Inhabitants Commodities New-castle A rich towne The occasion of naming it New-castle Richard the second Henry the sixt Barwick The situation of Barwick The Governour Battels in this Country Battels at Otterburne Anwick Brumridge Flodden-field Hexam Dilston Antiquities Halyston Busy-gap Light Horsemen A Martiall kinde of men Morpeth Market-towns Diversitie of names Forme Dimensitie Aire Soile Oaten-bread Commodities Freedom from vexation in Lawing The Magistrates manner of warrant for summoning a partie before him Bala-Curi the Bishops palace Religiousnesse of the people Matters worthy of note The womens girdles when they go abroad The manner of death for Malefactors The partition of this Isle 1 Syrric King of Man 2 Fingall 3 Godred Crovan King 4 Lagman King 5 Dopnald King 6 Olave King 7 Godred the second King 8 Raignald King of Man 9 Olave the second King 10 Harrold King of Man 11 Raignald the second King 12 Magnus King of Man Beda in the life of Cuthbert Verstegan lib. Restâ—s cap. 5. Offa made Mâ—ar between his Kingdome and Wales The breadth and length of Wales Rodericus Magnus divided it into three Regions Ann. Christ. 870. * Shrewsbury * D. Powel Gwyneth or North-wales * Anglesey * Caernarvon * M. Tate * Hist. of Wales Mon or Anglesey the first part of North-wales Beau-marish the chiefe towne of Anglesey Arvon or Caernarvon the second part of North-wales Caernarvon the Shire-towne of the Countie of Carnarvon Merioneth the third part of North-wales Y Bervedhwlad the fourth part of
with the River Ouse with the bounds of Lancashire and with the South limits of the Shire and beareth towards the West and South East-Riding bends it selfe to the Ocean with the which and with the River Derwent shee is inclosed and looks into that part where the Sunne rising and shewing forth his beames makes the world both glad and glorious in his brightnesse North-Riding extends it self Northward hem'd in as it were with the River Tees and Derwent and a long race of the River Ouse The length of this Shire extended from Harthill in the South to the mouth of Tees in the North are neere unto 70. miles the bredth from Flambrough-head to Horncastle upon the River Lun is 80. the whole Circumference 308. miles 5 The Soile of this County for the generalitie is reasonable fertile and yeelds sufficiency of Corne and Cattle within it selfe One part whereof is particularly made famous by a Quarry of Stone out of which the stones newly hewen be very soft but seasoned with winde and weather of themselves doe naturally become exceeding hard and solide Another by a kinde of Limestone whereof it consisteth which being burnt and conveyed into the other parts of the countrey which are hilly and somewhat cold serve to manure and enrich their Corn-fields 6 That the Romans flourishing in Military prowesse made their severall stations in this Countrey is made manifest by their Monuments by many Inscriptions fastned in the walles of Churches by many Columnes engraven with Roman-worke found lying in Churchyards by many votive Altars digd up that were erected as it should seeme to their Tutelar Gods for they had locall and peculiar Topick Gods whom they honoured as Keepers and Guardians of some particular places of the Countrey as also by a kinde of Bricks which they used for the Romans in time of Peace to avoyd and withstand idlenesse as an enemie to vertuous and valorous enterprises still exercised their Legions and Cohorts in casting of Ditches making of High-wayes building of Bridges and making of Bricks which having sithence been found and from time to time digd out of the ground prove the antiquitie of the place by the Romane Inscriptions upon them 7 No lesse argument of the pietie hereof are the many Monasteries Abbeys and Religious houses that have been placed in this Countrey which whilest they retained their owne state and magnificence were great ornaments unto it but since their dissolution and that the teeth of time which devoures all things have eaten into them they are become like dead carkasses leaving onely some poore ruines and remaines alive as reliques to posteritie to shew of what beautie and magnificence they have beene Such was the Abbey of Whitby founded by Lady Hilda daughter of the grand childe unto King Edwine Such was the Abbey built by Bolton which is now so razed and laid levell with the earth as that at this time it affords no appearance of the former dignitie Such was Kirkstall Abbey of no small account in time past founded in the yeere of Christ 1147. Such was the renowned Abbey called S. Maries in Yorke built and endowed with rich livings by Alan the third Earle of little Britaine in Armerica but since converted into the Princes House and is called The Mannour Such the wealthy Abbey of Fountaines built by Thurstin Arch-bishop of Yorke Such the famous Monastery founded in the Primitive Church of the East-Saxons by Wilfrid Arch-bishop of Yorke and enlarged being fallen down and decayed by Odo Arch-bishop of Canterbury Such was Drax a Religious House of Chanons Such that faire Abbey built by King William the Conquerour at Selby where his son Henry the first was born in memory of Saint German who happily confuted that contagious Pelagian Heresie which oftentimes grew to Serpentine head in Britaine These places for Religion erected with many more within this Provinciall Circuit and consecrated unto holy purposes shew the Antiquitie and how they have been sought unto by confluences of Pilgrimes in their manner of devotions The mists of which superstitious obscurities are since cleared by the pure light of the Gospell revealed and the skirts of Idolatry unfolded to her own shame and ignominie And they made subject to the dissolution of Times serving onely as antique monuments and remembrances to the memory of succeeding Ages 8 Many places of this Province are famoused as well by Name being naturally fortunate in their situation as for some other accidentall happinesse befallen unto them Halifax famous as well for that Iohannes de sacro Bosco Author of the Sphere was born there and for the law it hath against stealing and for the greatnesse of the Parish which reckoneth in it eleven Chappels whereof two be Parish Chappels and in them to the number of twelve thousand people YORK SHIRE Pomfret is famous for the Site as being seated in a place so pleasant that it brings forth Liquorice and great plentie of Skiriworts but it is infamous for the murther and bloodshed of Princes The Castle whereof was built by Hildebert Lacy a Norman to whom William the Conquerour gave this Towne after Alrick the Saxon was thrust out of it 9 But I will forbeare to be prolixe or tedious in the particular memoration of places in a Province so spacious and onely make a compendious relation of Yorke the second Citie of England in Latine called Eboracum and Eburacum by Ptolemy Brigantium the chief Citie of the Brigants by Ninnius Caer Ebrauc by the Britaines Caer Effroc and by the Saxons Euor-ric and Eofor-ric The British History reports that it took the name of Ebrauc that founded it but some others are of opinion that Eburacum hath no other derivation then from the River Ouse running thorow it It over-masters all the other places of this Countrey for fairenesse and is a singular ornament and safeguard to all the North parts A pleasant place large and full of magnificence rich populous and not onely strengthened with fortifications but adorned with beautifull buildings as well private as publike For the greater dignitie thereof it was made an Episcopall See by Constantius and a Metropolitane Citie by a Pall sent unto it from Honorius Egbert Arch-bishop of Yorke who flourished about the yeere seven hundred fortie erected in it a most famous Library Richard the third repaired the Castle thereof being ruinous and King Henry the eight appointed a Councell in the same to decide and determine all the causes and Controversies of the North-parts according to equitie and conscience which Counsell consisteth of a Lord President certaine Counsellers at the Princes pleasure a Secretary and other Vnder-officers The originall of this Citie cannot be fetcht out but from the Romanes seeing the Britains before the Romanes came had no other towns then woods fenced with trenches and rampiers as Caesar and Strabo doe testifie And that it was a Colonie of
31.5 39.4 Turkill the Dane Earle of the East-Angles 58.8 Twomonâ— or County Clare conveniently seated 143 4 V Valentia a part of Britaine why so called 2.15 How limited â— 16 Velâ—â—â—â— ancient people in Ireland where placed 139 4 Venedotia i. North-Wales Venta Belgarum i. Winchester 13.9 Venta Icenorum i. Castor 35 5 Venta Silurum i. Monmouth 107.4 Robert de Vere Earle of Oxford Marquesse of Dublin and Duke of Ireland 45 5 Verolanium or Verolamium in Hertford-shire 39.5 Sacked by Queene Boduo 39 5 Verterae a place in Westmorland 85.8 Vffines whence so called 35 3 Vidoms what they were 4 6 Saint Vincents Rocke 23.6 Virgata or Yardland what it is 57.3 Vlster Province how bounded 145.1 The forme thereof 145 2 The dimension of it Ibid The ayre of it 145.3 The soyle and commodities hereof 145.4 By whom possessed in old time 145 5.6 Their ancient custome of making a King 145.6 Religious houses in it 145 10 Counties and Townes in it 146 Vodia or Vdiae an ancient Nation in Ireland where planted 139.4 Vodius Arch-Bishop of London slaine by Vortigerne 6 5 Voluntii 145.5 Vortigerne where consumed by lightning 111.5 Vortimer slew in Battell Horsa brother to Hengist 7 11 Vpton in Worcester-shire a Station of the Romanes 51 6 Vriconium See VVroxceâ—ster Vsoconia See Okenyate Vrsula the Duke of Cornwals daughter with her Virgin-Saints 21.5 Vske-bah an wholesome Aquavitae in Ireland 137.6 Vterini ancient people in Ireland where they dwelt 139.4 VV A Wall in Scotland from Abercorne or Abercurving unto Dunbritton 132 11 Wall-towne 89.12 Wales how confined 99.1 The dimension thereof 99 4 Wales and Welsh what it signifieth 99.1.2 Counties of Wales twelve 98. 100.22 Divided into three Regions or Kingdomes 99 5 Divided into South-Wales 100.22 Divided into North-wales ibid. West-Wales ibid. Wales why void of woods 121.5 Princes of Wales sprung from the bloud Royall of English Kings 97 Wallingford Castle Town 27.7 Wansdike in Wilt-shire 25.6 Wantage the birth-place of King Elfred 27.9 Wapentach or Wapentake what it is 3.6 Warre Civill of Yorke and Lancaster 75.9 Warwick-shire how bounded 53.1 How divided 53.3 The forme of it 53.2 The Compasse thereof Ibid Commodities ibid. Who inhabited it in old time 55.4 Hundreds and Townes 54 Warwick Towne by whom built 53.6 What names it had in old time ibid. The position thereof Ibid The civill government thereof 53.6 Washes in Lincoln-shire hurtfull to King Iohn 63.4 Wat Tyler an Arch-Rebell slaine 7.10 Waterfals or Catadupa 85.10 Waterford the second Citie in Ireland 139.7 Ever loyall to the Crowne of England since the first Conquest of it Ibid Watling-street 43.6 Waveney River 35.3 Wedon in the street sometime Bannavenna 55.7 Weisford in Ireland the first English Colony 141.8 Whence it took name Ibid A Well boyling up with streames of bloud 27.9 Ebbing and flowing accor-to the Sea 103.7 111.8 Ebbing and flowing contrary to the Sea-tydes 105.7 A Well the droppings whereof turne into hard stone 132.15 A Well floating with Bitumen 132.15 Welles a Citie in Somerset-shire why so called 23.7 By what civill Magistracie governed ibid. The position or graduation thereof ibid. Wentsdale 79.3 Saint Werburgs Church in Chester 73.7 Westerne Ilands subject to Scotland how many 132 17 How ruled in ancient time 132.18 Their Commodities 132 19 Westminster a Bishops See 29 7 Westmerland how bounded 85.1 The measure thereof 85 2 The forme and ayre 85.3 The ancient Inhabitants 85.5 Places of chief note therein 85.8 Townes in it 86 West-Saxon Lage 5.3 West-Saxon Law 4.8 West Sox 4.11 Whitby Abbey founded 77.7 Whitgar the Saxon 15.7 VVhittington Castle 100.12 Whorwell Monastery built 17 6 VViscii what people 51.4 Wiches i. Salt pits ibid. Iohn Wickliffe Englands morning starre 61.7 VVight Iland described 15 What names it had in old time 15.1 The forme and dimension of it 15.2 The aire and soile thereof 15.4 The commodities of it 15 4.5 By whom first inhabited 15.6 By whom subdued 15.10 How fortified 15.9 What Towns Rivers and memorable places are in it 15.10 How divided 15.7 16 VVike See Kingstone upon Hull Saint VVilfreds Needle 78 11 Wilfrids Bishop reduced the Ilanders of Wight to Christianity 15.10 William the bastard Conquered England 92.2 5.1 William now Bishop of Excester repaireth the Cathedrall Church there 19 6 William King of Scots taken prisoner 89.10 His sonne drowned with his Cradle 132.16 Wilt-shire how bounded 25 1 The forme and dimension of it 25.2 The ayre and soyle 25 3.4 By whom inhabited in old time 25.5 Religious houses in it 25.9 Hundreds and Townes therein 26 Winander Mere 57.7 Winburne Minster 17.7 Winchester Citie by whom built 13.9 What name it had in old time 13.9 How traded and how oâ—t burnt 13.9 Situation thereof 13.9 Graduation thereof Ibid. Fired by the French 13 10 What Fortunes it hath been exposed unto Ibid. Cathedrall Church thereof 13.9 Windesor Castle 27.7 The Chappell there the Sepulchre of what Kings 27 8 Winifride of Devon-shire the Apostle of the Hessians c. 19.6 Winifrides Well 121.8 Winwid field 78.10 Woodland a part of Warwickshire 53.3 Woods spared and preserved in Lancashire 75.4 Wolsey Cardinall where buried 61.6 Wolves paid yearly for a tribute 117.3 Women in the Isle of Man girt ordinarily with their winding-sheets 91.7 Worcester-shire how bounded 51.1 The forme and dimension of it 51.2 The aire and commodities 51.5 Hundreds and Townes 52 Worcester Citie how named in old time 51.3 What calamities it hath sustained ibid. The Cathedrall Church built by Sexwolfe Bishop ibid. The Civill Magistracie ibid. The Geographicall position of it ibid. Wring-cheese Rocks 21.9 Wroxcester an ancient Citie in Shrop-shire 71.9 Y Yanesbury Trench 25.5 Yardland See Virgate Yeoman and Yeomanry 4.7 Yere River 35.3 Yeremouth or Yarmouth whence so named and how seated 35.7 Made a Corporation ibid. A Towne very hospitable and famous for Herring ibid. Yorks an Arch-Bishops See 6.5 What Suffragane Bishops it had and now hath 6.7 Yorke Metropolitane and Primate 6.7 78.9 His Iurisdiction ibid. Yorke Citie what names it had 78.9 How Yorke is governed ibid. The positure of it ibid. Library thereof ibid. Yorke-shire how otherwise called 77.2 What battels there fought 78.10 The soyle of it 77.2 5 How bounded 77.3 Divided into East-Riding 77.4 North-Riding ibid. West-Riding ibid. The dimension of it 77 4 Yorke Manner-house sometime the Abbey of Saint Maries by whom built 77.7 Z Zelanders their fishing upon our North-East Sea with licence 81.3 FINIS a There is in the Sommer Ilands as I have seene to the West-ward of Port-royall such a kind of fish yeelding a purple Iuiceâ— but I do not so well remember it as to set down certainly whether it be the purple fish be here speakes of b This seemeth to be of a kind of Palme but much different from the Palmetoes that are in the Somâ—er Ilands c He meanes not Cutcheneâ—e which is a flye brought from the Indies without heads
I.S. and published at the charges of G. Humble Ano 1626 11 Numidia was the second part in our Division of Africa and hath on the West the Atlantike on the East Aegypt on the North Atlas and the deserts of Lybia on the South It is called likewise regio dactylifera from the abundance of Dates for they feed upon them onely a people Idolaters Idiots Theeves Murderers except some few Arabians that are mingled among them of ingenious disposition and addicted much to Poetry They seldome stay longer in one place then the eating down of the grafle and this wandring course makes but few Cities and those in some places three hundred miles distant 12 Lybia the third is limited on the East with Nilus Westward with the Atlantike on the North with Numidia and the South with terra Nigritarum It was called Sacra as much as Desert For so it is and a dry one too such as can afford no water to a travellor sometimes in seven dayes journey The Inhabitants are much like to the Numidians live without any Law almost of Nature Yet in this place were two of the Sibyls which prophecied of Christ and Arrius the Hereticke About Lybia were the Garamantes and the Pâ—illi mentioned before for their simple attempts against the South winde 13 Terra Nigritarum the Land of Negroes is the fourth and hath on the West the Atlantike on the East Aethiopia superior on the North Lybia on the South the Kingdome of Manilongo in the inferior Aethiopia It hath the name either from the colour of the people which are black or from the River Niger famous as Nilus almost for her overflowing insomuch that they passe at some times in Boats through the whole Countrey It is full of Gold and Silver and other Commodities but the Inhabitants most barbarous They draw their originall from Chus and have entertained all Religions that came in their way First their owne then the Iewes the Mahumetans and some of them the Christian. For the most part they live not as if reason guided their actions Maginus numbers twenty five Provinces of this Countrey which have had their severall Governours Now it knoweth but foure Kings and those are 1 The King of Tombulum and he is an infinite rich Monarch hates a Iew to the death of his subject that converseth with him keepes a guard of three thousand Horsemen besides Foote 2 Of Bornaum where the people have no proper Names no Wives peculiar and therefore no Children which they call their owne 3 Of Goaga who hath no estate but from his Subjects as he spends it 4 Gualatum a poore Countrey God wot not worth either Gentrie or Lawes or indeed the name of a Kingdome 14 Aethiopia Superior the fifth and is called likewise the Kingdome of the Abissines It is limited on the North with Aegypt on the South with the Montes Lunae on the East with the Red Sea and on the West with the Kingdome of the Nigers and Manilongo It is distinct from the Aethiopia so often mentioned in Scripture For by all probability that was in another quarter of the world and reacheth from the Red Sea to the Persian Gulfe It is governed by one of the mightiest Emperours in the world For his power reacheth almost to each Tropicke and is called by us Presbyter Iohn He is the onely white man amongst them and drawes his Line from Solomon and the Queene of the South His Court rests not long in any one place but is moveable as well for housing as retinue For it consists of Tents onely to the number of sixe thousand and incompasseth in about twelve or thirteene miles He hath under him seventy Kings which have their severaâ—l Lawes and Customes Among these the Province of Dobas hath one that no man marry till he hath killed twelve Christians The Inhabitants of the whole Region are generally base and idle the better sort have the modestie to attire themselves though it be but in Lions and Tygers skinnes Their Religion is Mixt. Christians they have but yet differ from us For they Circumcise both sects Their oath is by the life of their King whom they never see but at Christmas Easter and Holy Rood Their Commodities are Oranges Lemmons Cittrons Barley Sugar Hony c. 15 Aethiopiâ— inferior the sixth part of Africa is on every side begirt with Sea except toward the North that way it is severed from the Abissines by the Montes Luna The government of this Region is under five free Kings 1 Of Aiana which containes in it two petty Kingdomes of Adel and Adia and abounds with Flesh Hony Wax Gold Ivorie Corn very large Sheepe 2 Zanguebar in this stands Mesambique called by Ptolemie Prassum Promonâ—orium and was the utmost part Southward of the old world The Inhabitants are practised much in Soâ—th-saying indeed Witch-craft 3 Of Monomolopa in which is reported to be three thousand Mines of Gold Here there lives a kind of Amazons as valiant as men Their King is served in great pompe and hath a guard of two hundred Mastives 4 Cafraia whose people live in the Woods without Lawes like brutes And here stands the Cape of good Hope about which the Sea is alwaies rough and dangerous It hath beene especially so to the Spaniard It is their owne note in so much that onâ— was very angry with God that he suffâ—red the English Hereticks to passe it so easily over and not give his good Catholâ—kâ—s the like speed 5 Manicongo whose Inhabitants are in some parts Christians but in other by-Provinces Anthropophagi and have shambles of mans flesh as we have for meat They kill their own children in the birth to avoyd the trouble of breeding them and preserve their Nation with stolen brats from their neighbouring Countries 16 Aegypt is the seventh and last part of the African Continent which deserves a larger Tract then we can here afford it But for the present be content with a briefe Survey and satisfie your selfe more particularly in the many severall Authours that write her story It hath on the East the Red Sea Barbarie on the West on the North the Mediterraneum and Aethiopia Superior on the South It was first possest by Cham and therefore called Chemia in their owne antique Stories Or at least by Mitzraim his Grand-childe and is so agreed upon by most For plenty it was called Orbis horreum yet it had very seldome any raine but that defect was supplied by the River Nilus The places of note are Caire and Alexandria The first was heretofore Memphis Some say Babylon whither the Virgin fled to escape Herods tyranny intended to our Saviour and blush not to shew the very Cave where she had hid her Babe In a desert about foure miles distant stand the Pyramides esteemed rightly one of the seven wonders of the world Alexandria was a magnificent Citie and the place where Ptolemie tooke his Observations and was famous for the rarest Library in the World To the Inhabitants
many and may hereafter yeeld as much profit as any other 7 Of the qualitie of this Region in generall we can speake but little For by reason of her length and bredth she lyeth at such severall distance in respect of the heavens that she admits indeed all variety almost either of plenty or want which we have hitherto found in Asia Africa or Europe Here admirable for the fertilitie of soyle Then againe as barren here temperate there scorching hot else-where as extreame cold Some Regions watered with dainty rivers others again infested with perpetuall drouth Some Plaines some Hils some Woods some Mines and what not in some tract or other within the compasse of America yet nothing almost common to the whole but Barbarisme of manners Idolatry in Religion and sottish ignorance such as hardly distinguisheth them from brutes else they would not have taken reasonable men to be immortall Gods as at first they did yet what either God was or immortalitie they knew no more then instinct of nature gave them onely a confused thought they had of some place or other God knows where behinde some Hill or where the blessed resided after their death And from thence they supposed the Spaniards came at their first arrivall But it was not long before the Tyrants cudgelled their simplicitie and by their crueltie appeared to them rather Devils from hell then Saints from heaven 8 Yet still the In-land Countries retaine for the most part their inbred blindnesse and worship the Sunne Moone and Starres and they have their other Spirits which they call their Zemes and adore them in Images made of Cotten-wooll which oft-times by the delusion of Satan seeme to move and utter an hideous noyse that workes in these poore Idolatâ—rs a great awe lest they should harme them 9 The rest of their Customes are answerable to their Religion beastly They goe naked and are very lustfull people without distinction of sexe In many places they are Anthropophagi and prey upon each other like Wolves They labour not much to sustaine themselves but are rather content to take what the earth can yeeld without Tillage This in generall 10 Time hath not given way to many divisions of this America I find one onely in the best Authors and that it seemes Nature marked out to their hands For she hath severed the Continent into two Peninsulae The one lieth Northward from the Aequinoctiall and is called Mexicana The othâ—r for the most part Southward toward the Magellanick straights and is called Peruviana Each of them are subdivided into their Provinces 11 Mexicana is the first and her bounds on the East and West are the Atlantick Ocean and Mare del Zur By the first it is severed from Europe and by the last from the Regions of China and Tartaria in Asia and is distant not above 250. miles if we measure the passage at the shortest cut On the South it hath the Peninsall Peruviana and Northward we are not sure whether Sea or Land It comprehends in compasse 13000. miles The qualitie of the Inhabitants and the riches of her soyle shall appeare in her severall Provinces which are numbred thus 1 Nova Hispania or Mexicana propria 2 Quivira 3 Nicarugua 4 Iacutan 5 Florida 6 Virginia 7 Norumbega 8 Nova Francia 9 Terra laboratoris or Câ—rterialis 10 Estotilandia 12 Nova Hispania or Mexicana propria is the largest Province of this North part of America and gave the name Mexicana to the whole Peninsula which her selfe received from her chief Citie Mexico Her bounds Southward is the Istthmus that joynes the Continents Northward the same with the Peninsulaes on the West Calformia or Mar Veriniglio and on the East Incutan It was first possest by the Spaniard 1518. But it cost them much bloud to intitle their Kings Hispaniarum reges It is an excellent Countrey full of all varietie almost in every kinde usuall with us and exceeds in rarities full of wonder There is one tree which they dresse like our Vine and order it so that it yeelds them almost all usefull necessaries The leaves serve them in stead of Paper and of the Vine barke they make Flaxe Mantles Mattes Shooes Girdle and Cordage She hath in her foure principall Regions of note 1 Nova Galitia found out by Nunnus Gusmannus 1530. Her Cities are Compostella now a Bishops Sea Sancte Esprite and Guadalaiara The Inhabitants livâ—d at large heretofore without any government But since the Spaniard came they have endured incredible servitude and crueltie 2 Mechnacan a fertile Region the Inhabitants comely and witty Her chiefe Cities Slâ—sâ—nse the place of their native Kings Pascuar and Valudolit the Bishops See 3 Mexico or Tâ—mistian which containes in it the Citie of Mexico in compasse sixe miles the seat of an Arch-Duke and the Spanish Viceroy and in it is an Vniversitie a Printing-house and a Mint for coynage Other Cities there are Tescuvo and Angelorum Civithy 4 Ganstecan lying open on the East neer Mare del Nort. It is but barren and the people poore but cunning The Spaniards have here two Colonies Panuco and St. Iames in the vallies 13 Quivira bordereth upon the West of the Continent towards Tartarie It is temperate and fertile But her chiefe riches is the Kine which feed them with their flesh and cloath them with their Hides Her Provinces are Cibola and Nova Albion The last was discovered by our Noble Sir Francis Drake and voluntarily yeelded to the protection of our admired Queen of England Elizabeth 14 Nicarugua on the South-east of Nova Hispania had a kind of settled Common-wealth before they knew Christianity and is reported to have a tree that withereth at a mans touch The chiefe Cities are now Granado and Leo a Bishops See 15 Incutan is situated over against the I le Cuba upon the East of the Peninsula The people adored the Crosse before they heard of Christ. The Countrey is indifferent fertile though that indeed as in all other places of this new World hath proved worse for the Inhabitants For it hath drawne upon them their forraine Invadour AMERICA with those known parts in that vnknowne worlde both people and manner of buildings Discribed and inlarged by I.S. Ano. 1626 17 Virginia carries in her name the happie memory of our Elizabeth On the East it hath Mare del Nort on thâ— North Norumbega Florida on the South and Westward the bounds are not yet set It was first entred by Sir Walter Raleigh 1584. and some at that time left there to discover the Countrey till more were sent but they perished before the second supply Since there have beene many Colonies planted out of England which have there manured the ground and returned good Commodities to the Adventurers For indeed it is a rich Countrey in Fruit Trees Beasts Fish Fowle Mines of Iron and Copper Veines of Pitch Allum and Tarre Rozen Gummes Dies Timber c. The Plantation went on with good successe till the yeare 1622. And then by the
and they say are bound to furnish him at need with 3842. horâ—e among them and 16200. foot 14 The chiefest Regions of Germany best knowne to us and noted by our Geographers with a more eminent Character then the rest are these 1 East Frizâ—land 2 Westphalia 3 Cullen 4 Munster 5 Triers 6 Cleve 7 Gulick 8 Hassia 9 Alsatia 10 Helvetia 11 Turingia 12 Brunswicke and Luneburg 13 Franconia 14 Palatinatus Rhene 15 Wittenburg 16 Ausper 17 Bayden 18 Mentz 19 Bamberg 20 Weirstberg 21 Saxonia 22 Anhalt 23 Mansfield 24 Sâ—evia 25 Bavaria 26 Brandeburg 27 â—usatia 28 Tirolum 29 Misnia â—0 Bohemia 31 Silesia 32 Moravia 33 â—omerania 34 Mecklinburg 35 Austria 15 East-Frizeland is on the West side of Germany and bounded with the North Sea Her chiefe Towne is Embden 2 Westphalia is on the South of East Frizeland It is most famous for Swine and excellent Bacon which is esteemed with us one of our greatest dainties to commend a feast Part of it belongs to the three next Bishops of Cullen Munster and Triers 3 Cullen her Arch-bishop is an Elector The chiefe Towne was called Vbiopolis afterward Agrippina and lastly Cullen from a Colony which was there planted by the French It is a received tradition among the Inhabitants that the bodies of the Wisemen which came from the East to worship Christ are here interred None almost but hath heard of the three Kings of Cullen 4 Munster Her chiefe Citie is Munster notable since the yeare 1533. at which time a company of brainsicke Anabaptists named it Ierusalem and raised them a new Governour by the title of the King of Sion 5 Triers Her Arch-bishop an Elector Her chiefe Citie Triers of great antiquitie founded by Trebeta the sonne of Ninius and Bopport sackt by our Earle Richard King of the Romanes 16 6 Clivia or Cleave-land a Dukedome of name Her chiefe Cities are Wesell Emrick and Cleve Her Commoditie the Tophus-stone of which they make Cement 7 Iuliacum Gulick a Dutchy Her principall City is Aken or Aquisgranum where the Emperour receives his Silver Crowne for Germany and doth great worship to a clout which they take to be our Saviours mantle in which he was wrapped 8 Hassia a mountainous Countrey but fruitful Her Metropolis Marpurgum an Vniversitie and the chiefe place of her Lant-grave is Cassels It comprehends likewise the Countes of Nassaw and Hanaw 9 Alsatia Her chiefe Citie is Sâ—râ—sburg famous for a Clocke of wonderfull art and a Tower of five hundred seventy eight paces high Other Townes here are of note as Bing Wormes Confluence and Andernach 10 Helvetia Switzerland on the East of France and North of Italy It containes thirteene Cantons Zurich Berne Lucerne Vraenia Glavis Zugh Basell Friburg Vnderwalt Solour Shaffnansen Apeâ—sol and Suits Her chiefe Cities are Zurike or Tigurum wheâ—â— Zwinglius was martyred And Sengall or Civitas Sancti Galli and Basell where a generall Councel was decreed to be above the Pope in the yeare one thousand foure hundred thirty one 17 Turingia Her Prince a Lant-grave Her ground though not of large extent not above twelve German miles either in length or bredth saith Maginus yet it is very rich it comprehends twelve Counties as many Abbies a hundred fourty foure Cities as many Townes above two thousand Villages two hundred and fiftie Castles Her Metropolis is Erford 12 Brunswick on the East of Westphalia a Dukedome whose principall Cities are Brunswick Halberstade Wolsheiten and Luneburgh which gives title to another Dukedome whose chiefe seat is Cella 18 13 Franconia It lyeth on the West of Turingia and joynes to Hassia Northward The Inhabitants were converted to Christianity by Boniface In this Province stands Franckefort famous for her two Marts every yeare and Noremberg within the territories are comprehended the seven other which belong to this section 14 The Palatine of Rhene some seventy two miles from North to South and from East to West ninety sixe Her chiefe Citie is Heidelberge Her Prince an Elector and hath many more priviledges then the other sixe In the vacancy he is Governour of a great part of Germany 15 Wirtenberge The chiefe Townes are Tubing an Vniversity Studgard c. 16 Auspech a Marquisate Her chiefe Town Auspech 17 Baden a Marquisate pleasant and fruitfull betwixt the Rivers Rhene and Neccar Her chiefe Cities are Turlach and Baden in which there be Bathes that cure many diseases 18 Mentz Moguntia a Bishoprick The Prince is a Spirituall Elector and sits alwaies at the right hand of the Emperour 19 Bamberg a Bishoprick of it selfe of large revâ—newes In this stand Fochia where they say Pontius Pilate was borne 20 Weirstberg Her Bishop is intituled Duke of Franconia 19 21 Saxoniâ— on the East of Hassia and South of Brâ—nswick and North of Turingia In this Province was Luther borne at Isleben Within her bounds are likewise comprehended these two other Principalities of Anhalt and Mansfield 22 Anhalt whose Governour with great courage and power bore Armes in defence of the Palatines right to the Kingdome of Bohemia 23 Mansfield an Earledome the more famous for the valiant acts of the present Count who to this day wars upon the Emperours party in the behalfe of the Illustrious Palatine and his unparalleled Lady Elizabeth Sister to his Royall Majesty of England 20 24 Swevia on the South of Franconia It is a Countrey full of people and those of goodly personage great wit and valiant In this Province is the head of Danubius and runs through the middle of the Countrey Her chiefe Townes are Vlme Lindawe and Auspurg or Augusta Vindelicorum Norlingen c. 25 Bavaria on the South of Bohemia and â—ranconia There is both the upper and lower Bavaria Of the first the chief Cities are Muchen Ingolstadâ— Frising and about thirty foure Townes more equall to most Cities of the lower Bavaria the principall are Ratisbone Patavium Pussan Lanshutum and Saltspurge In this City lyeth buried Paracelsus 26 Brandeburge on the East of Saxonie a Marquisate of five hundred and twenty miles in compasse It was heretofore inhabited by the Vandâ—les The Metropolis is Brandeburge and Francfort ad Odicum for so it is distinguished from the other Francfort in Franconia and Berlium Here are fifty five Cities and sixty foure Townes 27 Lusatia it lookes Westward toward Saxony The chiefe Citie is Gorlitzia 28 Tyrolum on the South of Bavaria and East of Helvetia Her chief cities are Oonipous Inspruck Brixen Tridentum Trent where the Generall Councel was held one thousand five hundred fourtie sixe 29 Misnia on the East of Lusatia a fruitfull Region Her chiefe Cities are Misnia Drisden Lipsia a place of learning and Torga many Writers place this Province with Saxonie 21 30 Bohemia on the South of Saxonie and Misnia encompassed with the Sylva Hircinia a fruitfull and pleasant Countrey It may deserve a particular description of it selfe and therefore I will mention it here with no other solemnitie then I doe the rest of Germany Her Metropolis
is Prage which was taken by the Imperialists in this last quarrell the King and Queene being at that time in the Church celebrating Gods service were forced suddenly to flye for their safetie into Silesia 31 Silesia Eastward from part of Bohemia two hundred mile long and eightie one broad a fruitfull Countrey the people valiant Her principall Cities are Breselare and Neisse 32 Moravia on the East of Bohemia and South of Silesia Her chiefe Cities are Almusium Olmutz and Brin 33 Pomerania It is bounded on the East with Istula on the North with the Baltick Ocean Her Metropolis is Stetin Others chiefe are Wolgast Wallin c. On the West of this Region stands 34 Mecklinburg or Megalopolis a place Provinciall of it selfe and hath Townes of note Malchawe Rostock c. 22 35 Austria an Arch-Dukedome it lieth upon Hungarie and is esteemed by the Germans the Easterne bound of the Empire It was formerly called Pannonia superior It is a rich Countrey Her chiefe Cities are Vienna famous for beauty wealth and learning Emps Sr. Leopald c. There are reckoned to this Region the Provinces of Styria Carinthia Carinola and by some Tirolum The Description of the Kingdom of Bohemia IN our Description of Germany we reckoned Bohemia but as a Province among the rest and therefore she was mentioned there with no more solemnitie then the other parts were We purpose here to declare it an intire Kingdome of it selfe which besides her own compasse as she is most commonly limited by Geographers hath under-subjects Dukedomes and Marquisates such as doe her homage and make her well worthy of a particular Historie then we had before roome for 2 The ancient Inhabitant of these parts was the Bemorum magna gens as Ptolemie cals it and placeth it somewhat South toward Danubius undâ—r Suna sylva After them the Boii a people of Gallia Lugdunensis which had been before conquered by Caesar saith Quadus and packt over the Alpes to seek them a new seat in Italy But when they found the Romanes too hotte for their abode there they were forced to trudge farther and to passe the River Rhene into Germany as Strabo witnesseth where they found them a fit place to lurk in compassed with a large Wood called the Sylva Hercinia and like enough they joyned in with the Bemi to make up the name of Bohemia But neither here did they enjoy their peace long for they were in time nessled out by a potent people of Swevia called Marcomanni and they again had the like measure from the Slavonians a barbarous crue which came in upon them under the conduct of an exiled murderer of Croatia one Zechius about the yeare five hundred and fiftie 3 From that time there hath beene no generall expulsionâ— but the present Bohemians are the progeny of those Sclavonians whose very language and customes are in use among them at this day Doubtlesse it was at first a rude Common-wealth that had no other Governours but so ungoverned a multitude for so they continued above an hundred years after Zechius But when they had for a time endured the misery of such a confusion they were content to agree upon some one for their Prince that might rule them and the first which they elected was Crocus a man of great esteeme among them for his wisdome and goodnesse 4 Till the time of Vratislaus it had the title of a Dukedome onely He was the first King and was created by Henry the fourth of Germany anno one thousand eighty sixe Yet after that againe for the succession of sixe Princes it was governed by Dukes For the second King was Vladislaus the third crowned by Fredericke the Emperour in the yeare one thousand one hundred fiftie nine and the third Primaslaus Crowned by the Emperour Philip one thousand one hundred ninetie nine after sixe other Dukes from his Predecessor Vladislaus the third It hath beene now long since fully settled into a Kingdome and is the title of the right Noble Frederike Count Elector Palatine of the Rhene and husband to the illustrious Elizabeth Daughter to our late Soveraigne King IAMES They were both Crowned at Prague in the yeare one thousand sixe hundred and nineteene but have beene enforced ever since to maintaine their right by continuall warres against Ferdinand the second who by vertue of an adoption which declared him successor to Matthias layes claime to the Crowne of Bohemia But the case was before decided in their third Vladislaus who though as deeply interessed to the Kingdome as Ferdinand could be yet for that he had past no legall election according to their Customes and Priviledges he was deposed by the States and Vldarilaus chose in his roome 5 There remains no great difficultie concerning the name It appeares sufficiently to proceed either from her first people or first Prince who as some report was one Boemus And t is worth observing that though this Land hath in sundry ages beene so often ransackt and possest by strangers and Tyrants yet in her name she constantly preserves the memorie onely of her first Natives and hath not suffered that change as we have done from Albion to Britaine from Britaine to England And so indeed it is with almost all which have beene equally subject to the like Invasions 6 The scituation of this Kingdome is almost in the middest of Germany and is easily descried in our common Maps by the Hircinian Forrest held in the Romans time to be nine dayes journey in bredth and in length at least forty So Caesar in his sixth Com It closeth Bohemia on every side insomuch that to shew they are not unlike an Amphitheater it is Maginus his comparison The severall parts of this Wood are knowne by divers names which they take from the Countrey adjacent The portion North West is by Strabo called Gabreta Sylva that South toward Danubius Luna Sylva by Ptolemy non Sylva Passarica and so the rest Without this wall of Bohemia as Quadus calls it her limits are on the West Franconia on the North Lusatia and Misnia on the South Bavaria and Austria on the East Moravia and Sileâ—ia The figure of it is in a manner circular and the diameter is esteemed three dayes journey to a quick travailour The circuit containes five hundred and fiftie miles of good ground fertile and pleasant enricht as well by her Rivers as Land Commodities 7 Her principall are 1 Albis Elve which hath his rising in the Hercinian Wood and the name from eleven Fountaines which meet in one at the head of the River For Elve or Elbe in the Germane tongue signifies eleven It runs through a great part of the Countrey and by the chiefe Citie Prague and at last vents it selfe into the German Ocean Of this Lucan thus Fundat ab extremo flavâ—s Aquilone Suevos Albis indomitum Rheni caput 2 Multaria Mulda 3 Egra which gives a name to a Town 4 Sassava 5 Gisera 6 Missa And 7 Vatto They are received
English Roman-Catholiques who have a Colledge there appointed for their fugitives And others of note are Troys and Brye and Auxerre and Sans and Arch-biâ—shops See c. 6 Burgundis both the Dutchie and Countie The Dutchie or Burgundia inferior and Westerne lyeth on the South of higher Germany Her principall places are Digion Saint Bernards birth-Towne Antun Bealâ—e Sologue and Aliza once the famous Citie of Alexia The Countie of Burgundie or Burgundia superior yeelds not to the choysest Garden in France for fertility of soyle not to the most renowned for stoutnesse of the Inhabitants They acknowledge not as yet the French Command no more then Savoy and Loraine They were under divers Generals and are called Wallons corruptly for Galleus a trick of the Dutch Her principall Cities are Besauson the Metropolis of both Burgundies Salives Arboys Gray and Dola 7 Lugdunense Territorium Lione an illustrious Citie The Center of Europe I mean where Merchants meet for traffique from all quarters And these Provinces belong either wholly or at least in part to Gallia Lugdunensis For indeed some lye divided and stretch into their neighbours Territories as Campania into Belgica and this last Lugdunense is in part under the Government of Savoy 14 Narbonensis Gallia on the West hath the Comitatus Armenaici and Comminges Eastward part of the Alpes Northward the Mountaine Comenus and Southward the French Seas It is generally a fruitfull Countrey not inferiour in the esteeme of Plinie to Italy it selfe it comprehends the Provinces 1 of Languedoc supposed from Languegotia language of the Gothes It reacheth from the bounds of Armenia and Comminges to the Mediterraneum Her chief Cities are Narbon from whence this whole Region receives her appellation and is reckoned the first Roman Province in Europe and Mons pessulame Mont-Pelleine an Vniversitie most famous for the study of Physick Nimes where there is at this day many reliques of Antiquities and Pons Sancti Siritus c. 2 Provence Provincia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 divided from Languedoc by the River Rhodanus Rhohan It belongs part to the Crowne of France part to the Pope and a third to the Prince of Orange In the Kings portion are Air a Parliamentary City Arles and Marfilia the last built in the time of the Roman Tarquine To the Bishop of Rome belongs Avenian a City and Arch-Bishops See with the whole Comitatus venissimus To the Prince of Orange the chiefe City Aurangia or Orange on the river Meine Estrang Boys de St. Poll. c. 3 Daulphine on the North of Province Regio Allâ—brogum and is divided in Delphinatum superiorem inferiorem The first contains in it Embrum where Agaric Mama is plentifully gathered Valentia c. The latter Grinnoble vienna Daulphin Romans 4 Savoy Sabadia on the East of Daulphin a Dukedome within whose limits stands the well known City Geneva which entertaines people from all Countries of any Religion But yet enforceth a law upon fugitives not common elsewhere For whatsoever Malefactor is there apprehended for mischiefe done in his own Countrey suffers as if he had been there condemned The principall Cities besides are Tarantise Bele Moustire Maurience c. To this Dukedome belong Cambrey on the West side of the Alpes and the Countrey of Bresse whose heire is entituled Prince of Piâ—mount a part of Italy at the very East foot of the mountains which sever her from this Countrey 15 Gallia Belgica the last is the Easterne tract toward Germany and as much as belongs to this Kingdome containes onely Picardie which is divided into the higher and lower The first portends towards the British Seas and here stands Calles distant but thirty miles from Dover It is that which Caesar called Portus Iccius wonne from the French by our Edward the third lost by Queene Mary upon her Confines toward England is the Countrey of Bononia and Cuinnes which contain sundry towns and villages The chiefe Bulloigne Conquered by our Henry the eight but delivered back in the raigne of Edward the sixt In this Picardie stans Terwin besieged by King Henry in person where the Emperour Maximilian served under his Colours and receved pay as his Souldiers In the lower Picardie stands Ambianum Ameins the Metropolis Here are the Dutchie of Terache whose chief City is Guisa which gave name to the family of the Guises and the Countrey of Vermeudois where Saint Quintin stands Retelois and Retelher metropolis Arteleis and Laferre her's Pontheine and Abberille 16 The Ilands which are reckoned properly French are onely those which lye neere in the Atlantick Ocean They are but few and of no great account The principall Dame de Bâ—vin Lâ—â—le Dieu Marmotier Insula Regis ¶ The Description of BELGIA IN this we continue still the Description of Belgia begunne in the Mappe of France For the title is common as well to these Territories as indeed to all the North-east Tracts of the old Gallia The portion hereditary to the French King was marked out among the rest of his Dominions The residue since it hath beene by length of time chance of warre or at least chance of Fortune dispersed into the power of severall Princes is better knowne to us by the familiar names of the Low-Countries then Netherlands Flanders c. 2 In the search of her Originall we may have reference to our precedent Discourse For questionlesse it was possest by the Gaules as the other parts were and if trust may be given to those antique Stories whose truth is almost worn out with age she reacheth her Pedegree as high as any and likely enough did pertake in the spoyles of Rome when the Capitoll was ransacked by the Gauls under the conduct of our two English Brothers For her chiefe Captaine Belgius whose memory she preserves to this day in her name is mentioned by Quadus and others as Companion to Brennius in his expedition toward Macedonia after they were intreated from Rome 3 In the first times they were a stout people and practised to continuall warres by the bordering Germanes which made them as well expert as hardy It seemes Caesar found them so in his tryall for he gives them in his Commentaries the honour of a valiant Nation above any other part of Gallia Yet at last he brought them under and in time they were expulsed by the Germanes who for their neerest speech and customs are supposed and justly too the Predecessours to the now Inhabitants 4 For her first name I find no other likely account given then from a Citie built by their Belgius in the Province of Hannonia where now stands Bavaris The rest Germania inferior the Lâ—w-Countries and Netherlands require no long search for without doubt they have little other ground then her low situation upon the Seas and indeed it is such as hath oft-times indangered her by inundations and sunke many hundreds of their Townes and Villages which to this day in some places shew their tops above water at a dead low ebbe Lastly
which hath found no end to this houre and caused them to cast oft the Spanish clogge which they did in the yeare 1581. and declared by their publique Writings that Philip the second King of Spaine had forfeited his government of the Low-Countries by breach of his faith And withall they bound their people by a new oath never to returne their obedience which they yet make good against the Arch-Dutchesse who by kindred to the Spanish King and marriage to the Arch-Duke is at this time interest in the government and therefore in the quarrell A NEW MAPE OF Y E XVII PROVINCES OF LOW GERMANIE mended a new in manie places Anno 1626. 12 We begin with the Dukedomes intayled to the Spanish faction and for the easier finding their situation we will take them as they lye from West to East And in this order is 1 Lutzenburg It stands betwixt the River Mosa on the West and the Forrest of Ardenna East on the South it joynes upon a part of France Her chiefe City is Lucenburg called by Ptolemy Augusta Romanduorum In circuit this Dukedome is 240. miles and containes in it many other Townes which have beene much batterred in the warres betwixt the French and Spanish Kings before the States were at difference among themselâ—es Theonville among others is of note for the stronger Bostonacum for the chiefe Merchandize It is called the Paris of Ardenna for by some that Forrest is reckoned into this Dukedome It stands on the East-side was in Caesars time 500. miles compasse now about 90. Neer to Ardenna is the Spaw bathes of great fame for the Cure of sundry diseases And hath oftentimes given our false English a pretence to leave their Countrey forsooth for Physick when they have no other excuse to get free and joyn themselves with the Romish Catholikes Maginus rockons into this Region 1168. Villages besides Castles with seven Earledomes many other petty Governments In the South is the Dutchy of Bovillon belonging to a Peere of France 2 Limburg on the North-east of Lutzenburg divides the government betwixt her own Duke and the Bishop of Luicke who commands the Westerne Tract as much as containes 24. walled Townes and 1800. Villages and hath under him 52. Baronies Luicke the chiefe City of the Bishoprick is an Vniversitie memorable for this one story above any other in Christendome That at one time there studied 9. Kings sonnes 24. Dukes sonnes 29. Earles sonnes c. The Dukes part in the East is not of that famâ— either for multitude of Towns and Villages or command of under-territories In the yeare 1293. the heires Male were extinct and by that means it fell to the Duke of Brabant The whole Region is exceeding fertile and affords almost all necessaries except Wine Among other Commodities it abounds with a kinde of stone of excellent use in Physick called Lapis calaminani The principall Citie Limburg stands upon the River Wesa 3 Brabant on the North of Limburg which commonly is supposed to have the name from Branchlant as if a barren soile but it is otherwise reported unlesse toward the North. The people are very jolly ut viri gravem senectutem sentire videantur And that me-thinkes should argue plenty Her chiefe Cities are Loraine an Vniversitie which containes 20. Colledges and among the rest a Seminary for English Iesuites Bruxells and this is the Dukes seat strengthned with a double wall and is adorned with very elegant buildings Bergen ap Some which is yet fresh in the memorie and mouthes since the siege 1622. Bodue whose people are noted to have preserved the antique valour of their Predecessors more then any other of the Provinces Breda was the place of the Prince of Orange got from the Spaniard by a desperate policy of a small number of Gentlemen which ventured themselves into the Castle being conveyed in a Boat covered with turves when they were past recoile they were forced to set their best strength forward as wel for their lives as the victory and were blest with a successe beyond hope They mastered the Castle and the rest soone followed It was of late recovered by the Spaniards after a long siege where our English got honour though not conquest under the conduct of our noble and valiant Earle of Oxford And lastly within the compasse of this D. is contained 13 The Marquisate of the holy Empire whose chiefe Citie is Antwerpe a Towne heretofore of infinite Trading had two Marts every yeare qualified with an extraordinary priviledge that during the time no man might be arrested nor his goods seazed and questionlesse this invited many which were in debt and could not have the freedome of traffique else-where 14 The Earledomes are 1 Flanders First indeed as well in esteeme as situation For it gives name to the whole Region of the Netherlands and the Prince writes himselfe Comes Dei gratiâ It is the very Northwest tract of this Belgia and is divided in Teutonicam Imperatoriam and Gallicam The first is the Flandria Flandricans properly Flanders The principal Cities are GandaduÌ„ Gaunt the birth-place of our Iohn Duke of Lancaster She is severed by the Rivers Shead and lets into 26. Ilands and hath passage from one to another by 98. bridges Her walls are seven miles in compasse Her other Townes are Burgies and Graveling Her Ports Dunkerke Scluse Newport Ostend c. The two last notable one for a pitcht field the other for a long siege In both the English honorably maintained the right of the States against the Arch-Duke Flandria Imperatoria is but a smal parcell and borders upon Brabant is called the Earledome of Hulit which is the chiefe Citie within her Territories Gallica Flandria is not of any large extent but very fertile and pleasant Her chief towns are Lilla or Lilse Duacum Doway an Vniversitie Orchais Tornay taken by King Henry the eighth and ransomed by the Inhabitants for 100000 Duckets 2 Artesia Artoyse the seat of the Atrebates in Caesars time Their chiefe City was then called Atrebatum now Arras whence we have our rich hangings and their name It lyeth most on the South of Flanders Maginus reckons to her 12. Cities and 852. Villages The chiefe of name besides their mother town Arras are Ayre Pernes St. Omer St. Paul 3 Hannonia Hanolt on the East of Flanders 60. miles long broad 48. Containes 950. Villages and 24. Towns beside Castles The chiefe are Banais supposed to stand in the same place where the ancient Belgium was built Mons Conde Valenciennes c. 4 Namurce on the East of Hanolt a fruitfull Countrey and full of Mines especially of Iron It hath but foure Cities 182. Villages The Metropolis is Namurce and the rest Charlemount Valen-Court Bornies 15 The only Barony of the Arch Dukes Province is Mechlin a City in Brabant which stands almost at equall distance betwixt Lovane Bruxells and Antwerpe Before the Spanish wâ—rs it was a place of Parliament for the States Since a great part of it was
sucked the sweetnesse they were not to be removed by the easie tearme of friendship but there kept hold till a people stronger then themselves dispossessed them The attempt was made by Scipio and the Roman forces but they withstood their assault with so resolved a courage and so strong a hand that it might oft-times be questioned Vter populus alteri esset pariturus and so held play almost 200. yeares and could not be fully subdued into the forme of a Province till the Reigne of Augustus Caesar yet after they were held to it till Honorius 3 About his sixt yeare was there a second Invasion made by the Vandales and soone after by the Gothes which bare sway for above 300. yeares The last King was Rodoricus who lost both himselfe and Kingdome for a rape committed upon the Daughter of Iulian a noble Gentleman and at that time Embassadour with the Moores in Africa When the Father had understood of his Daughters unworthy injurie he brought backe his revenge with him 30000. Horse and 180000. Foot of Moores and Sarazens which discomfited the King overthrew all the resistance which he could make and bespread the Country with their Forces where they and their posteritie stood firme till within the memory of some which yet live 4 This change of State was before prophecied and concealed in a large Chest within a part of the Palace which both the last King and his Predecessors were forewarned not to discover But the hope of an inestimable treasure made him transgresse and when he had entred there appeared nothing but the Portractures of Armed Moores with a presage annexed that when that part of the Palace should be forced open such enemies should ruine Spaine It is now at last but one people but yet retains the mixture of those many Nations which have heretofore possest it Goths Sarazens and Iews who were partly banisht hither by Hadrian the Emperour and partly sent hither by Vlider Vbit the Caliph after the Moores conquest 5 In all this Discourse touching the beginning and settling of the State of Spaine it appeares not from whence she derives her severall names of Iberia Hesperia Hispania It seemes they are more ancient then the entrance of the Carthaginians and therefore they allow us no certaine Story nor other reason indeed more then a likely Conjecture and in some scarce that Her first name of Iberia was given by her ancients from a River that runs almost through the middle of the Countrey So saith Maginus and relies upon Pliny and Iustin for his Authours Others give it rather to the Iberi the ancient people of Asia that came in under Panus from toward Syria possest it before the Carthaginians Her second name admits as much question Some fetch it from Hesperus the brother of Atlas and their twelfth King from Tubal Others beyond the Moone from the Evening starre because it is situate upon the West of Europe The last Hispania is supposed from one Hispanus or Hispalus who raigned in those parts and was the third in the account of some from Tubal or else from Hispalis now Seril rather we may take it from the fore-mentioned Panus Captaine of the Iberians by the prefixion of an S for so the Greeks give it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and since by their owne addition and corruption it is made Espania Hispania 6 Her whole compasse is reckoned to be 1893. English miles and her bounds are Seas on every side unlesse on the East towards France from which she is severed by the Pirâ—naan Mountains On the West he Atlantick Ocean on the North the Cantabrick and on the South the Fretum Herculeum and other parts of the Mediterraneum which divide her from Africa Her Rivers of note are specially 1 Minius or Mingo 2 Dorio now Duerus 3 Tagus now Taio famous for her golden sands Betis or Guadilquiver 5 Iberus now Ebro and 6 Ana or Guadiana which in one place glides under ground for fifteene miles together and gives the Spaniard an occasion as he will catch at any to bragge that they have ten thousand Cattle daily feeding upon one bridge Yet give them their owne sense the truth may be questioned For they have not such plenty of meat as they have of sauce 7 It yeelds indeed abundance of Oranges Lemons Capers Dates Sugar Oyle Honie Licorish Raisins Saffron Rice excellent Sacks and other Wines And in some places Sheepe Goats and swift Horses It hath beene heretofore noted for rich Mines in so much that Hannibal received daily 3000. from one Mine in Spaine The number is not answerable in proportion to other Regions of Europe Their Cities not so great nor so many The reason may be because indeed their women are not so fertile to multiply among themselves and their usage of strangers so uncivill that very few of other Countries seate themselves there as in France England and Germany And yet they have of late times sent many Colonies abroad into both Indies 8 They are extreamely proud and the silliest of them pretend to a great portion of wisdome which they would seeme to expresse in a kinde of reserved state and silent gravitie when perhaps their wit will scarce serve them to speake sense But if once their mouthes be got too open they esteeme their breath too precious to be spent upon any other subject then their owne glorious actions They are most unjust neglectors of other Nations aud impudent vaine flatterers of themselves Superstitious beyond any other people which indeed commonly attends those which affect to be accounted religious rather then to be so For how can hearty devotion stand wih cruelty lechery pride Idolatry and those other Gothish Moorish Iewish Heathenish conditions of which they still savour 9 Yet it hath yeelded heretofore men very famous for their severall endowments both of wit and religion The Apostle himselfe expresseth a great desire to see Spaine as hoping to doe much good among those which had entertained the name of Christ. Osius a learned Bishop in the time of Constantine the Great And Pacâ—anus mentioned by S. Hierome Isidore Fulgentius Arias Montanus Tostatus and Masius were all Spaniards Seneca Quintilian the Orator Lumen Romanae eloquentia as Valla styles him Martialis Lucan Silius Pomponius Mela were Spaniards Traian the Emperour Theodosius Ferdinand the Catholike and Charles the Emperour were Spaniards To this day it breeds good Souldiers slow but sure and successfull in their Conquests Yet such as prevaile more by art then valour Their continuall scarcitie of victualls inureth them to hunger and other hardnesse which oft-times wearieth out their enemie and makes him yeeld at least to their patience if not to their strength SPAINE Newly described with many adictions both in the attires of the people the setuations of their cheifest Cityest by Iohn Speed 1626 11 The present state of Arragon comprehends three of those Kingdomes as it was scattered by the Moores and Sarazens 1 Arragon it selfe which lyeth on the
strength to Romulus and Rhemus his grand-children by his daughter Rhea 8 The birth and breeding of these two brothers is well knowne we need not enlarge their Story further then thus They were the sonnes of Rhea a Virgin which was cloystered up into the Temple of Vesta by her uncle Amulius Sylvius that she might not bring forth an heir to endanger his title Notwithstanding meanes was found so that she conceived at once two children by Mars and was delivered among her sisters Vestals For this her selfe as the censure was upon such delinquents was buried alive her boyes exposed to be destroyed but were preserved by Faustulus the Kings Shepheard and nursed by his wife Laurentia or Lupa for her bad life 9 When yeares and their supposed father had taught them their pedegree and the base tyranny of their uncle they began with revenge upon him for their mothers quick buriall for their owne intended murder and their grandsires injurie To be briefe they slew their great uncle Amulius Sylvius and returned the Kingdome to the rightfull Numitor. 10 Thus when they had once dealt in disposing of Empires they could not easily returne to the Shepheards-hooke but bethought them of the like fortune for their owne advancement and stirred not farre to make good their purpose but in the very Mons Palatinus the place where they suckt their nurse they drew together a monstrous head of debaucht Shepheards and built the Citie which is now called Rome from Romulus who in strife for the name or as some say for a disdainfull skip over the new walls slew his brother Rhemus and was left the sole Founder and Commander of this rascall crue for so indeed it was and held in that contempt by their borderers that they could not by intreatie get wives from them to continue their succession till by a guile they had enticed the Sabines to their pastimes ravisht their women and afterward by degrees either made their peace or wanne it with the sword from the people round about them 11 Thus began the Empire of Rome and was governed at first by 7. Kings in a direct succession to Tarquinius Superbus who lost both himselfe and Kingdome by his owne pride and his sonne Sextus rape upon Lucretia It was next taken up by Consuls two annually chosen out of the Patritii or principall Citizens The third ranke were of Decemviri but they againe were dispossest for the like rape of Appius upon Virginia Tribunes were constituted of Consulary authoritie Then Consuls againe in another course and for a while Dictators which when Caesar had once clasped he soone made to himselfe a power Imperiall and though after five yeares it cost him his life which he enchanged with Brutus and Cassius for 23. wounds in the Senate house yet the libertie of Rome was never so fully recovered but that soone after the Government fell upon Augustus by the death of Autony and deposing of Lepidus who for a while were joyned with him into the Trium viratus 12 This hold was scarce ever lost clearely to this day though by the changing of the seat Imperiall from Rome to Bizantium in the raigne of their fourtie-third Constantinus by the division into the Easterne and Westerne in the time of Theodosius by the many invasions of the Goths Hunnes Vandals Alani Burgundians and Lombards it comes now farre short of that full glory in which it once shined 13 Yet is Italy still as before a happy soyle pleasant and fertile at all times moderate weather and healthfull ayre full of varietie as well of living creatures as Plants Corne Wine Oyle Linen Hearbs c. And can afford into other Countries Rice Silkes Velvets Sattins Taffaties Grogram Rash Fustians Gold-wire Armour â—llom Glasses c. The rich are very rich for wealth will come with much labour in great abundance but the poore are extreame poore for they are most of them very idle 14 Her chiefe Rivers are Padus or Poe Athesis Rubica Tyberis Arnus c. And her chiefe Mountains are the Alpes and Mons Appenninus The first are in height 5 dayes journey covered with snow and from thence have their names à nivibus albis They have two passages from Germany into this Countrey and three out of France From Germany by the Valtoline and by Trent Out of France through Provence and Liguria through the hills Genura to Lombardy and through the Countrey of Turaigne The Appennine Mountaine runs at length with Italy like the ridge of a mans back and is called indeed Spina The measure of Italy is from Northwest to Southeast about 1010. miles and from the two Seas crosse in some places 410. ITALIA Newly augmented by I. Speede and Are to bee sold in Pops-head aley by George Humble 1626. 16 For warre and learning it bred in times past the mirrour of both Camillus Fabius Maximus Scipio Pompey Caesar Cicero Livie Tacitus Virgil Ovid and many hundreds which yet prompt our tongues and pens with examples of goodnesse in severall kinds Nor hath it lost that glory in this age For what Nation directs not their travailes into these parts to see heare and partake of their excellent learning though they compasse it with great expence and venture through dangerous hazzards by reason of their treacherous dispositions and cruell barbarous usage of such as shall in any light circumstance seem to be averse from their idolatrous superstition But their Vniversities are many and very famous Rome Ferrara Naples Salernum Venice Padua Verona Florence Millaine Mantua c. 17 I must omit those many divisions of Italy made first by Cato in Appenninam CisappenninaÌ„ and Transappenninam By Plinie in Liguriam Latium c. By Sirabo in Venetiam Lucaniam Apuliam Romam c. By Ptolemy into 45. severall Nations We will rest in the latest which best fits the present state and numbers ten Provinces 1 The Kingdome of Naples 2 The Land of the Church 3 The Common-wealth of Venice 4 The Dukedome of Florence 5 The Dukedome of Millain 6 The Dukedome of Mantua 7 The Dukedome of Vrbin 8 The Principalitie of Parma 9 The State of Genoa 10 The State of Luca. 18 The first is the Kingdome of Naples in the South part of Italy and is the most fertile it is bounded with the Seas unlesse on that side toward the Papacis It is of large compasse and comprehends many Provinces 1 Campania foelix or terra laboris and in this stands Naples the Metropolis and Cuma where the Sibylls Cave was by which Aeneas went downe to Hell And not farre off is the lake Avernus 2 Abrazzo her chiefe Townes of note are Sulmo and Aquine the birth-place of our great Schoole-man Thomas Aquinas 3 Calabria inferior The chiefe City Salernum an Academie famous for Physicke 4 Calabria superior called Magna Graecia from a multitude of Greeke Colonies which there built Cities and possest a great part of the Countries The principall of note was Tarentum 5 Terra Di'otranto from her
often attempted and reckoned with great losse yet at last in the yeare one thousand five hundred twenty one it gave up to Solyman and became a Province to his Empire It stands neere where the Rivers Danubius and Savus are dissevered and is the Towne which the Hungarians report to have been once delivered by the admirable industrie of Ioannes Capistranus a Franciscan who is much honoured for the action by those of his own Society But Ioannes Huniades that great Souldier and terrour to the Turke challengeth the glory as his peculiar Vadianus 2 Samandria and 3 Stâ—nibâ—rg 18 Rascia is on the North of Danubius where it parts with the River Saâ—m and lyeth betwixt Servia and Bulgaria In her chiefe Citie Boden there is kept a Fayre once every yeare and much people resort for enterchange of commodities from most Countries there-about 19 Bulgaria some what Northeast from Rascia and is bounded with Danubius upon the South Theophylact was here Bishop and was called Bulgarius Neere this is the Citie Tomâ—s where Ovid lived in Banishment as himselfe mentioneth in his 3. de Tristibus The principall cities at this present are 1 Sophia the seat of the Beylerbeg of Greece And 2 Nicopolis The ornament of their Kings was Imperiall a crowne of gold attire of silke and red shooes Their title 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a terme allowed by the Greeke Emperours to those onely which might weare this habit the rest they called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as much as Reges 20 Bosnia on the West of Servia and South of the River Savus had her name from the Bossi or Bessi the people of Bulgaria within the memory almost of our Fathers it was governed by Kings and as yet retaines the title of the Kingdome of Bosnia The chief Towns are Cuzachium and Iaziga the first is the place of residencie and the second of buriall for the Bosnian Kings Heretofore the Citie Sinderoria had that honour which some suppose to be the same that was once called Dardanum The Description of the Kingdom of Denmark THe Kingdome of Denmarke strikes into the Sea upon the North of Germanie as Italy on the South the manner of both is not much unlike and the glory of this heretofore was not inferiour For how ever in this latter ages the pride of Rome hath pranked up her Territories in gay apparrell yet the day was when both she and they stooped to the Inhabitants of this Countrey though then knowne by another name of Cimbria Chersonesus Three Romane Consuls Manilius Sillanus and Cepio fell by their sword and the Empire it selfe it seems was in a shrewd hazzard when their owne Historian reports that Actum esset de imperio nisi illi saeculo Marius contigisset 2 The people were then and had beene from their beginning the Cimbri a Progenie of Gomer first sonne of Iapheth who before they removed into this quarter of the world dwelt in the inner Asia neer the straight which passeth from the Pontus Euxinus to the Palus Maotis there we yet find the Bosphorus Cimmericus in Ptolemy which took name from the Cimmerii for so they were called at large and by contraction Cimbri 3 From thence they were in time disturbed by the Scythians and forced to seek them a new seat for their habitation which after long travell here they found fittest for their securitie as being a Peninsula fenced almost round with Seas from the force of all forreigne Enemies Yet here too they met at last with a worse danger which they could lesse resist For the maine Ocean brake into a great part of the Countrey displaced many of their Colonies and sent them Petitioners to Rome for a dwelling within her Dominions but their entreatie being with some neglect denied it kindled the sparkes which to this time had laine as it were dead in a dejected Nation and now they brake out into flames which stirred them to require that by force of Armes which they could not request by submissive Oratorie 4 Hence grew their first quarrell with the Romans which they put on with that courage and successe that they were imboldened at last to assault the very Citie with so strong Forces that the glory of it began to shake and had shattered to pieces had not the victoâ—y followed rather the fortune of one Marius then the valour of the whole Roman Legions and that too as some relate it was bought of his heathenish gods at a deare rate by the bloudy sacrifice of his owne Daughter The great and most memorable Encounter was sixe hundred and forty yeares after the Citie was built about an hundred and eleven before Christ. And then indeed they received in a manner a fatall Crush which quelled them for the present yet not so but that in after ages they recovered strength and fame spread their victories over the most part of Europe and left their name for many yeares since that in Italy it selfe 5 For without doubt those Cimmerii mentioned by Strabo which lived on the North side of the Appennine Mountaines neere Boianum were of this stock and of that note as the gave occasion for many Proverbs and Fables to both Greek and Latine Poets It was a people which belike seldome saw Sunne but lurked for the most part under ground lived upon theft and issued forth onely in the night a season most fit for deeds of Darkenesse and so was their whole course which caused our well known Adage of tenebrae Cimmeriae pro denscssimâ caligine Their horrid dennes and dismall Rivers which ranne by the place of their abode bred at length a terror in the silly Heathens and was esteemed by them the passage down to their Elizium So Homer gives it in the second of his Odysses and Virgill in his sixth of the Aeneidos and hâ—re did Naso feign his house of sleep Metamorph. 11. Est propè Cimmerios longo spâ—lunca racessu Mons Carus ignavi domus penitralia Somni 6 Thus was their Originall and progresse for the first age whilest it continued in the possession of the Cimmerians The next which succeeded were the Saxons a people no lesse famous but since their Story hath been else-where remembred in our other Descriptions it must give place here to the third Invader the Danes who whilest the Saxons were imployed with us here in the Conquest of England start out of those pâ—tty Iles in the Sinus Codanus and took up their roome in this Peninsula There they have continued to this day and added other Territories to their Dominions so that the then Cimbria Cbersonesus is but a parcell of the now Kingdome of Denmarke as shall appeare when we come to her division and that onely which in our latter times is called Iuitland and runs Northward in forme almost of a Hounds tongue into the Balticke Ocean 7 The Danes like enough were at first one Nation with the Cimbri but being together expulsed by the Scythians from their native soyle they were severally dispersed
into their teeth that they have but one eye to see with in respect of the Chinoys who alone as themselves boast see with two the truth is in matters of state they are very politique in peace wary and in warre valiant craftie and excellent engineers 11 Their lawes are for the most part just and severely executed especially against idle droanes which set not a hand to advance their state or maintaine themselves They will not cherish the very blinde by almes since without eyes a man may be fit for some corporall imployment but to the maimed and lame they denie not a charitable maintenance The sonne is bound to exercise his parents occupation so that no pretence almost is left for wanderers and briefly as farre as humane laws can provide all other vaine occasions for misexpence of time are taken off for within the Cities no stews are allowed or lewd persons to withdraw them adultery is punished with death but yet they have liberty to take many wives one they keep at home the rest are disposed of abroad where they best please Their Marriages they chiefly solemnize at the new Moone and for the most part in March which beginnes their yeare 12 For their Religion they are Gentiles but have a confused knowledge of God heaven and the creation which they ascribe to one Trine who first say they made Pauson and Pauzona and their posteritie continued for 90000. yeares but were then for their wickednesse destroyed and a new race was created The first of their second world was one Lutitzam who had two hornes from the right came men as they fondly imagine and from the left women when they would decipher their great god they expresse him by the first letter of their Alphabet and in their devotions they worship him as their chiefe but not onely preserver for they have their prayers to the Sunne Moone Starres and to the Devill himselfe that he would not hurt them Their Priests are distinguisht into the blacke and white Friers as we call them for they much resemble Friers in their course of life some are clothed in white their heads shorn and their victualls in common others in black long haire and live apart neither are married but both take their libertie to live obscenely as the debauchest swaggerers 13 The Empire is divided into 15. Provinces 1 Canton 2 Feguien 3 Olam 4 Sisnam 5 Tolench 6 Causaie 7 Minchien 8 Ochian 9 Honan 10 Pagina 11 Zaiton 12 Quinchien 13 Cheguean 14 Susnam 15 Quinsay All of large extent and containe in them many towns and cities in number more in compasse bigger and in wealth more eminent then the best of ours 14 1 In the Province of Canton are 190. Towns 37. Cities 2 In Feguien 99. Townes and 33. Cities 3 In Olam 130. Towns and 90. Cities 4 In Sisnam 150. Townes and 44. Cities 5 In Tolench 235. Townes and 51. Cities and this is governed immediately by the Emperour himselfe without any substitute as all the other Provinces have excepâ— Pagina 6 Cansaie hath 122. Townes 24. Cities 7 Minchien 29. Townes 25. Cities 8 Ochiam 74. Townes 19. Cities 9 Honan 102. Townes and 20. Cities 10 Pagina 150. Townes and 47. Cities 15 The chiefe of this is Paquin where he hath his continuall residence and scarce at any time leaves the Citie unlesse upon occasion of warre for it is seated neer to the Tartars who oft times make assaults upon the Chinoyse and force the King to gather his strengh into that quarter and he himselfe present to withstand their entry lest if they should once get footing into any part of his Countrey they might incroach farther and inable themselves by his spoyles to follow their blow upon his other Provinces His palace here is compassed with a triple wall carries the bulke and face of a faire Towne for indeed his retinue are no fewer then might well people a large Citie among the rest he hath 16000. Eunuches daily attending such as their owne parents have emasculated in their infancie to make them capable of this Court-preferment The seat Imperiall was heretofore at Nanquin where still remaines a golden testimony of her past glory It is a faire Citie thirtie miles in compasse seated nine leagues from the Sea upon a faire and navigable River where there rides commonly at least 10000. of the Kings ships beside Merchants It hath three brick walles the streets are sixe miles in length of a proportionable bredth and trimly paved 16 11 Zaiton hath 78. Townes and 27. Cities the chiefe is Zaiton which hath a fair harbour and is seldome without 500. ships 12 Quinchien hath 113. Townes and 45. Cities 13 Cheguean 95. Townes and 39. Cities 14 Susnam 105. Townes and 41. Cities 15 And lastly Quinsay 114. Townes 38 Cities 17 The Metropolis is Quinsay or Suntien the largest Citie of the world for it contains 100. miles in compasse it is seated in a low and fenny ground is subject to Floods and hath beene forced in very many places to erect bridges for free passage from one street to another there are in aâ—l 12000. built of stone and most of them so high that a good ship may strike under them with full sayle each of them hath its tenne watchmen for a night-guard The Inhabitants of this City live luxuriously especially their women who are much more comely then their men yet all of them almost eat both horse and dogs flesh Toward the South part of the Citie there is a great lake about 24. miles in circuit in the midst stand two Ilands whither the chiefe Nobilitie repaire and invite their friends to solemnize their marriage and have in each a stately palace erected furnished sufficiently with all fitting ornaments for a wedding jollitie In many parts of the Citie there are publique places of receit for such as sustaine any misfortune by fire there they may lodge their goods safe upon a sudden casualtie till they can make better provision 18 It were vaine to give a more particular description of the many Cities which make up the severall numbers in each Province they stand so thick and are so populous that they all seeme to be as one one as well for their continued building almost as their fashion of building for they all observe the same forme and dispose their streets alike two broad crossing each other in the middle in so straight a line that the eye may reach clean from one end to the other 19 We may conclude that both the revenues of the whole Empire and number of Inhabitants are not easily to be reckoned yet this in briefe he hath subject under him 70. crowned Kings gathers up yearely 120. millions of Crownes stirres not into the field without 300000. foote and 200000. horse To this empire did once belong most of the Ilands in the Easterne Seas but it seemes the Chinoyse in time found that their defence was a businesse of more charge then their worth countervailed and therefore
for the Tartarian Emperours Toward the East Seas and neer the Promontory of Tabin are the Regions of Arzaret which some thinke to be the very place first possest by the remnant of the ten captive Tribes and Annian and Argon and Tenduch and Mongal and many other whose people live after the antique manner in tents moveable some few Cities they have poorely built and as rudely customed Among other incivilities they have this fashion to prostitute their wives and sisters to such guests as they would entertaine most friendly and when it was once forbad by their great Cham they recovered it againe with much suite and solemne protestation that they had not thrived since it was laid aside The ground brings forth good store of especiall good Rhubarbe 15 Zagathai the same with Scythia intra Imaum and is bounded upon the West with the mare Caspium upon the East with the desert as farre as Lop upon the North with the River Iaxartus and upon the South with the Mount Caucasus It hath the name from their Prince brother to their great Cham and containes in it these severall Provinces 1 Zagatai where Tamberlane was borne and first bare rule in the Citie Sarmachand a place enricht by his victories and memorable for the death of Clytus slaine by Alexander in his drunken fury The seate of the Governour is in Bochara another Towne of the best note here 2 Bactria now Cocazzan the Inhabitants were led by Bessus which slew Darius and the first King was Zoroastes in the time of Ninus the Assyrian and twice tried the fortune of warre with him but was at last vanquished and his Kingdome made a Province to the Monarchie In severall ages it hath beene tossed into the hands of divers States among the rest the Romanes had it once in their possession at which time the Inhabitāts received knowledge of the truth from the mouth of Saint Thomas but have lost it since by the tyranny of the Saracens and Tartars 3 Sogdiana on the North of Bactria where Gropolis stood built for a Fort against the Scythians and standing to the time of Alexander who battered it to the ground 4 Margiana and 5 Turchestan East of the Mare Caspium and was the seat of the Turks before they brake into Armenia 16 Cathaie the same with Scythia extra Imaum and is the Empire of the great Cham of the Tartars and true progenie of Chinchis It is compassed almost with mountaines and deserts and is divided from China onely by a great wall on the South The soyle is exceeding fertile and the people farre more civill then in the other parts of Tartaria Her Provinces are 1 Cathaie which is supposed to be the antique seate of the Seres and is therefore called Regio Serica For it sends forth excellent Silkes Stuffes and Chamlets and other rare Commodities which equalize her at least in her owne esteeme to the best parts of Europe Her Metropolis is Cambelu twenty-eight miles in compasse besides the suburbs built foure-square by the River Polysangus and enricht from India China and other Regions with all sorts of Merchandise Here their great Cham lives but is buried at the Mount Altay and is conveyed thither by a strong guard which kils all they meet in the way and commands them to serve their Lord in the other world Maginus reports from Marcus Polus that while he was in Cathaie tenne thousand persons lost their lives upon one such occasion 2 Tangut which they say had the Art of Printing many hundred yeares before it was knowne among us 3 Camul 4 Tanifu 5 Tebet not much differing either from themselves or the other parts of Tartaria which belong to the Kingdome of Cathaie The Description of the Sommer Ilands once called the BERMUDAS AS it hath pleased God of his especiall grace and mercy to deliver this Nation from that sinke of errours and superstitious practises wherewith the face of Christendome was overspread and hath caused the truth of Piety and Religion to shine amongst us through the effectuall Ministry of his Word In so much that there is no Nation in the world to whom the grace of God hath in these latter times more abounded nor where true Religion hath beene so generally imbraced and maintained as in this Kingdome So hath he likewise delivered us from many eminent dangers and evill practises at home and abroad hath blessed us with much peace and prosperitie and moreover hath honoured us with such notable favours that the fame of the worthy exploits and noble attempts of this Nation by Sea and by Land hath resounded to the glory of his Name even to the farthest parts of the earth And I beseech God in the Name of him in whom alone he is well-pleased still to continue this his goodnesse towards us although in these times we have just cause to feare the contrary Amongst these latter sort of Benefits which God hath vouchsafed to this Nation I meane that magnanimitie and courage and his divine assistance in the prosecution of so many notable actions may worthily in my judgement though sleighted at by some be reckoned that noble enterprise of planting VIRGINIA with Christian Religion and English people And as he hath manifested his succour and providence many waies beyond expectation for the advancement of this worke so not a little in the discovery of the Sommer Ilands for to omit other reasons these are as it were the Key opening a passage and making the way more safe to many parts of this new World and especially to Virginia so that if they had been discovered and inhabited by any such as would oppose the planting of Virginia It had proved a matter so difficult and dangerous that in all likelihood it had been relinquished ere this time of these I have exhibited this description with the relation following These Ilands formerly called the Bermudas now the Sommer Ilands shunned by Travellers as most dangerous and seldome seene by any except against their wills reputed to be rather a hold and habitation of Devils then any fit place for men to abide in were discovered in the yeare 1609. in manner following There was at that time eight Ships send by the Adventurers to Virginia amongst which one of the best and strongest was called the Sea-venture in burden neere 300. tunne In this were their chiefe Commanders Sir Thomas Gates Sir George Sommers and with them about 150. persons And upon the 25. of Iuly the same yeare being at Sea this Ship called the Sea-venture was by a fierce and terrible storme separated from the rest of the Fleet and withall so shaken and torne by violence of the weather that she sprung a leake whereat the water came in so fast that in short time it was seven or eight foot deepe within the hold Whereupon for safetie of their shippe and lives they fell to pumping and bayling out the water with buckets and continued their labour for three dayes and as many nights without intermission
that I may dwell may seeme after a sort to be verified accomplished in us at this day so that although many thousands were aspared the land would remain abundantly replenished which being so if such as lack meanes here as many doe to support the charges incident to themselves and their families in such sort as were requisite to goe over thither they are forth-with endowed with lands and employments whence through their industrie they may raise their estates And it is certaine there are very few there but they maintaine themselves farre better and with lesse care and pains then they did or could doe here Againe if they be such as have meanes to purchase land there and transport servants at their own charge they have in their lands large penny-worths and for their servants many profitable employments Secondly the benefit that should redound to the native Inhabitants of Virginia is very great whilst by this meanes they might in time be reclaimed from their rude conditions and savage kind of life to more humanity and knowledge being instructed in Arts and Occupations and furnished with sundry instruments so necessary in humane Societies that without them we could not well subsist and finally be reduced to a more civill and orderly forme of government But chiefly and in the first place those silly creatures sitting now in darknesse and in the shadow of death might be delivered from darknes to light from the power and tyranny of Satan unto God by faith in Christ. Lastly as it would adde much to the fame and glory of this Kingdome so would it to the strength and prosperitie thereof whilst we might be served from thence with sundry commodities which we now obtaine from other places with the exporting and diverting hence an infinite treasure and that many times to the enriching of the enemies of our State and Religion as Currants and other fruit Oyles Gummes Cotten-wooll Sugar Rich Furres Caviary and Cordage Masts Plancks Boards Pitch Tarre Pot-ashes and Sope-ashes Hempe Flax Iron Salt Silkes Woad Madder Indico and other Drugs for Dyes and Physick c. For it is not to be doubted but these and the like things doe cost this Kingdome yearely many Millions of wealth Some men will say though these things or any them were brought us from these Plantations yet would there be little saved to this Common-wealth because they would and in equitie might expect to receive their price for them but the difference is very great First because we might have them from thence at lower Rates the voyage being shorter and lesse dangerous then in any of the others Secondly the customes and other duties which we now pay in Forraine Countries would there be saved for though they were as great as they are in those countries yet would they wholly redound to the benefit of his Majestie and consequently to the good of this Kingdome Thirdly forasmuch as those which are Adventurers thither live and have their estates here in Englaud condition with such as they send over at their charge upon their lands to receive from them the ratable moyetie of all such profits as shall be raised on their lands It is evident that a great part of those commodities would be brought in without any charge to this Kingdome whilst there should be neither money nor wares exported for them And so they would become as it were the naturall commodities of our owne Countrey Moreover the Planters there are our Countrey-men members of the same Common-wealth with us who may no doubt in short time deserve of the Indians so well in the things before mentioned and succouring them in their wants c. as may move them freely without compulsion or injury to resigne themselves to his Majesties protection and government And many other benefits are like to arise of this worthy action which might stirre up forwardnesse in the prosecution of it But let this suffice to be spoken in this place BRITANNIA THE THEATRE OF THE EMPIRE OF GREAT BRITAINE Presenting AN EXACT GEOGRAPHY of the Kingdomes of ENGLAND SCOTLAND IRELAND and the ILES adioyning With The Shires Hundreds Cities and Shire townes within the Kingdome of ENGLAND divided and described By IOHN SPEED IMPRINTED AT LONDON Anno Cum Privilegio 1627 Are to be sold by George Humble at the Whit horse in Popes-head Alley A BRITAINE A ROMANE A SAXON A DANE A NORMAN THE BRITISH EMPIRE CONTAINETH AND HATH NOVV IN ACTVALL possession those many and renovvned KINGDOMES and PRINCIPALITIES DESCRIBED IN THIS OVR THEATRE THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND anciently containing seven famous Kingdomes 1 The Kingdome of Kent 2 The Kingdome of South-Saxons 3 The Kingdome of West-Saxons 4 The Kingdome of East-Saxons 5 The Kingdom of Northumbrians 6 The Kingdome of East-Angles 7 The Kingdome of Mercia THE KINGDOME OF SCOTLAND anciently containing these three Kingdomes 1 The Kingdome of Scots 2 The Kingdome of Picts 3 The Kingdome of the Iles. THE PRINCIPALITIE OF WALES anciently containing these three Kingdomes 1 The Kingdome of North-Wales 2 The Kingdome of Powys-land 3 The Kingdome of South-Wales THE KINGDOME OF IRELAND anciently containing these five Kingdomes 1 The Kingdome of Mounster 2 The Kingdome of Leinster 3 The Kingdome of Meth. 4 The Kingdome of Connaught 5 The Kingdome of Vlster THE KINGDOME OF MAN with the Iles adjoyning THE ACHIEVEMENT OF OUR SOVERAIGNE KING IAMES AS HE NOWE BEARETH With the ARMES of the Severall kings that have aunciently raigned within his nowe Dominions DIEV ET MON DROIT HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE TO THE MOST HIGH AND MOST POTENT MONARCH IAMES OF GREAT BRITAIN FRANCE AND IRELAND KING THE MOST CONSTANT AND MOST LEARNED DEFENDER OF THE FAITH INLARGER AND UNITER OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE RESTORER OF THE BRITISH NAME ESTABLISHER OF PERPETUALL PEACE IN CHURCH AND COMMON-WEALTH PRESIDENT OF ALL PRINCELY VERTUES AND NOBLE ARTS JOHN SPEED HIS MAJESTIES MOST lowly and most loyall Subiect and Servant consecrateth these his Labours though unworthy the aspect of so high an Imperiall Majestie DIEV ET MON DROIT ✚ HONI ✚ SOIT ✚ QVI MAL ✚ Y ✚ PENSE ✚ TO THE WELL-AFFECTED AND FAVOVRABLE READER SO great was the attempt to assay the erection of this large and laborious THEATRE whose onely plat-forme might well have expected the readiest hand of the best Artist that even in the entrance of the first draught as one altogether discouraged I found my selfe farre unfit and unfurnished both of matter and meanes either to build or to beautifie so stately a project But how the Lord then composed my minde for the Worke or rather how his own great power would be seene in my weaknesse is now in some measure made manifest by raising the frame thereof to this height which here from the Presse sheweth his aspect unto the world But with what content to thy eye gentle Reader I stand in suspence so many Master-builders having in this subject gone before me and I the least not worthy to hew much
lesse to lay the least stone in so beautifull a Building neither can I for my heedlesse presumption alledge any excuse unlesse it be this that the zeale of my Countries glory so transported my senses as I knew not what I undertooke untill I saw the charges thereof by others bestowed to amount so high as I held it a conscience to frustrate their designements wherein albeit it may be objected that I have put my Sickle into other mens Corne and have laid my Building upon other mens Foundations as indeed who can doe otherwise especially in a subject of this nature seeing that the wisest of Kings witnesseth that there is nothing new under the Sunne yet let this in part suffice for my defence that in the worke of the Tabernacle there was more metals used then the orient Gold and more work-men imployed then Aholiab aud Bezaleel neither did all the Israelites offer to that most glorious Work Gold Silver Onix-stones Purple Scarlet and fine Linnen but some of them Brasse Wood Goats-haire Rams fels and Badgers skins as necessary implements in their severall Services If then with the poore Widdow I cast in my mite and by mine own travell adde somewhat more then hath been already divulged let me crave thy acceptance where I have done right and thine assistance to correct where I misse which I trust may as well be hoped as requested thy love with mine being alike obliged unto this our native Land Whos 's beautie and benefits not afarre off as Moses saw Canaan from Pisgah but by mine own travels through every Province of England and VVales mine eyes have beheld and whose Climate Temperature Plentie and Pleasures make it to be as the very Eden of Europe pardon me I pray if affection passe limits for the store of Corn in the Champian and of Pasturage in the lower Grounds presseth the Cart under the sheaves to the Barne and filleth the Coffers of their possessors Neither are the faces of the Mountaines and Hils onely spread over with infinite Herds and sorts of Cattell but their intrals also are in continuall travell and continually delivered of their rich Progenies of Copper Lead and Iron Marble Crystall Jet Alabaster yea the most wonder-working Loadstone to say nothing either of Cannol and Sea coale as rich for profit and as needfull for use or of the goodly Quarries of choisest stone as necessary for strength as estimable for beautie Her Seas and Rivers so stored with Fish and her Fels and Fens so replenished with wild Fowle that they even present themselves for ready prey to their takers briefly every soile is so enriched with plentie and pleasures as the Inhabitants thinke there is no other Paradise in the earth but where themselves dwell The true plot of the whole Land and that againe into parts in severall Cards are here described as likewise the Cities and Shire-townes are inserted whereof some have been performed by others without Scale annexed the rest by mine own travels and unto them for distinctions sake the Scale of Paces accounted according to the Geometricall measure five foot to a pace I have set but in this imployment I am somewhat to excuse my selfe from wrongs conceived done unto more beautifull and richer Corporatious which in this survey are in silence over-passed and places of lesse note and frequency described For satisfaction whereof good Reader understand my purpose according to the Title prefixed which in this Iland besides other things is to shew the situation of every Citie and Shire-towne onely So that without injury to all I could not insert some though oftentimes it grieved me much to leave such beautifull places untouched which notwithstanding being well knowne so to be giveth no little glory to the Land in generall so to be replenished with store and choise as hardly can be judged which may be omitted The Shires divisions into Lathes Hundreds Wapentakes and Cantreds according to their ratable and accustomed manner I have separated and under the same Title that the record beareth in their due places distinguished wherein by the help of the Tables annexed any Citie Towne Burrough Hamlet or place of note may readily be found and whereby safely may be affirmed that there is not any one Kingdome in the world so exactly described as is this our Iland of Great Britaine that only excepted which Josua conquered and into Tribes divided The Armes of such Princes and Nobles as have had the dignities and borne the titles either of Dukes Marquesses or Earles in the same Province Citie or place and finally the Battels fought either by the forrain or home-bred Conspirators I have also added Where we from under our own Vines without feare may behold the prints of endured miseries sealed with the bloud of those times to the losse of their lives and liberties our selves as in the raigne of Augustus when the Temple of Ianus stood shut and Mars his hands bound with chains of Brasse as Virgil speaketh heare not the sound of the Alarum in our Gates nor the clattering of Armour in our Campes whose Swords are now turned into Mattockes and Speares into Sithes as Micah sheweth the peaceable times under Christ. In shewing these things I have chiefly sought to give satisfaction to all without offenoe to any whereof if I faile yet this to my selfe have I gained that whilst I set all my thoughts and cogitations hereon I had small regard to the bewitching pleasures and vaine enticements of this wicked world neither had I leisure to be led by an ambitious desire to raise my station above the levell of my equals or with base flattery to follow and fill the eares of Fortunes Deputies the raines of these intents checking the bit of affection into another way And applying my selfe wholly to the frame of this most goodly Building have as a poore Labourer carried the carved stones and polished Pillars from the hands of the more skilfull Architects to be set in their fit places which here I offer upon the Altar of Love to my Countrey and wherein I have held it no sacriledge to rob others of their richest Iewels to adorn this my most beautifull Nurse whose VVombe was my conception whose Breasts were my nourishment whose Bosome my Cradle and Lad I doubt not shall be my bed of sweet rest till CHRIST by his Trumpet raise me thence 1 Chron. 28.8 Therefore in the sight of the Congregation of the Lord and in the audience of our God let us keepe and â—â—cke for all the Commandements of the Lord our God that we may possesse this good Land and leave it for an inheritance for our Children after us for ever Thine in Christ Iesus JOHN SPEED Al'honneur de l'autheur et son oeuure LE trespuissant ouurier de la ronde machine Pour son chief d' oeuure teint cest ' Isle separee Et quoy que des plus grands thresors du
the Lord Cromwell Say and Mountjoy the slaughter in all amounted to 10000. saith Hall 1471. Edw. 4.11 60 At Towkefoury King Ed. 4. obtained the diadem in subduing H. 6. under the leading of Prince E. who was there slaine and Q Margaret taken prisoner there died likewise Tho. Courtney E. of Devonshire Ioh. Sommerset Marq. Dorset and the Lord Wenlake of Knights Hamden Whitting Vans Harvy Deluys Filding Leukenor Lirmouth Vrman Seamer Roos and Henry Edm. D. of Sommerset was there taken and beheaded with Iohn Bough Lord Prior of S. Iohns May 4. 1471. E. 4.11 61 Bosworth-field fought upon Redmore Aug. 22 1458. and 3. of Ric. 3. where himselfe was slain with Iohn D. of Norfolke Wa. L. Ferres Richard Ratcliffe and Rob. Brakenbury Knights and 4000. more of his company on the Earle of Richmonds part only 10. persons the chiefe where of was Wil. Brandon Knight his Standard-bearer Earle Henry was there crowned in the field and the union of Lancaster with Yorke effected whose civill dissentions had cost more English bloud then twice had done the winning of France 62 Stoke-field Iun. 16. 1487. was fought to arrest Lambert a counterfeit Warwick against King Henry 7. where 4000. with the naked Irish were slain and with them died De la Pole Earle of Lincolne Francis L. Lovel Tho. Gerardine Chancellour of Ireland Martin Swart and Sir Tho. Broughton Knights generall against the King Lambert was there taken and made a turn-spit Hen. 7.2 63 At Cockeledge â—â—r Yorke the Commons rose and slew Henry Earle of Northumberland for a tax collected by him granted in Parliament their Captain named Iohn a Cumber was hanged at Yorke 1489. H. 7.4 64 Excest besieged by Perkin Werbeck a counterfeit naming himselfe Ric. Duke of York before murdered in the Tower of London after he had in dammaged the North and Northâ—â—berl was from this City expulsed to Bewdley Sanctuary and lastly executed as Tiburn 1497. reg H. 7.13 65 This same City was again besieged by the rebels of Devon-shire aâ—d Cornwall the 3. of E. 6. under the leading of Hum. Arundel Holmes Winslow and Bury but was rescued by Iohn L. Russel with the Lord Grey and 4000. of them slain 1549. 66 On Black-heath again was fought a sore battell by Thomas Flaâ—â—ock gent. Michael Ioseph Blackesmith and Iam. Twichet L. Andley with the Cornish rebels where 2000. of them were slaine by Giles L. Daubeney generall for the King and 1500. taken prisoners Iune 22. 1497. H. 7. 67 Flodden-field the 9. of September and 5. of King Henry 8. was fought against the Scots by L. Tho. Howard Earl of Surrey lieutenant generall for the King where Iames 4. King of Scots with 3. Bishops 2. Lord Abbots 12. Earles 17. Lords and 8000. souldiers were slaine and the dead body of K. Iames wrapped in Loâ—dâ— was brought to shine in Surrey and there cast into a corner not long since remaining and seen 68 At Solommosse 15000. Scots under the leading of the L. Maxwell by Thou bastard Dacres and Iack Musgrave were valiantly vanquished and 21. of their Nobilitie whereof eight were Earles brought as prisoners to London and 200. mere of great account besides 800. common souldiers slaine and taken for very griefe whereof K. Iames fell sick and shortly after died 1542. H. 8.32 69 Muscleborrow-field fought September 10. 1546 by Edward D. of Sommerset L. Protector and Iohn Dudley Earle of Warw. against the Scots where 14000. were slaine 1500. taken prisoners onely 60. English then slaine E. 6.1 70 At Norwich in a commotion led by Rob. Ket Tanner of Wind 〈◊〉 Wil. Lord Marquesse of Northampton was put to flight and the Lord Sheffield slain the Citie fired and many outrages done 1549. E. 6.3 71 At Mount Surrey the Rebels with their leader Rob. Ket were by Iohn Dunley E. of Warwick overcome and forced to yeeld 5000. of them being slain and Ket taken and hanged on the Castle of Norwich or as some have upon the Oke of reformation Aug. 27. 1549. E. 6.3 72 Sir Tho. Wist with his company of Kentishmen driven to march from Southworke to Kingstone and thence to S. Iames yeelded himselfe at Temple-bar with the losse onely of 40. persons on both parts Feb. 7. 1554. Mary 1. 73 At Tadcaster Thomas Piercie Earle of Northumberland and Charles Nevil E. of Westmerland in thier commotions tooke 200. footmen repairing toward York for the defence of the City against those rebels 1596. Eliz. 12. 74 Durhaâ—â— taken by the rebels of the North under the leading of Piercy and Nevil Earles which had gathered 7000. and surprised Barnards Castle were by the Earle of Sussex Lieutenant generall for the Queens forced into Scotland and many of their Associates worthily put to death 1569. And lastly which God grant may be the last Thomas late Earle of Northumberland was beheaded in Yorke Aug. 20. 1572. Eliz. 14. THE BRITISH ILANDS PROPOSED IN ONE VIEVV IN THE ENGLISH MAP WITH A GENERALL DESCRIPTION OF GREAT BRITAINE UNDER THE ROMANES CHAPTER 1. THE State of every Kingdome well managed by prudent Government seemes to me to represent a humane Body guided by the soveraignty of the reasonable Soule the Countrey and Land it selfe representing the one the Actions and State affaires the other Sith therefore the excellencies of the whole are but unperfectly laid open where either of these parts is defective our intendment is to take a view as well of the outward body and Lineaments of the now-flourishing British Monarchy the Ilands Kingdomes and Provinces thereof in actuall possession for with others no lesse justly claimed in the Continent we meddle not which shall be the content of our first or Chorographicall Tome containing the foure first Bookes of this our Theater as also of its successive government and vitall actions of State which shall be our second or Historicall Tome containing the five last Bookes And here first we will by example of the best Anatomists propose to the view the whole body Monarchy intire as farre as conveniently we could comprise it and after will dissect and lay open the particular Members Veines and Ioynts I meane the Shires Rivers Cities and Townes with such things as shall occure most worthy our regard and most behovefull for our use 2 The Iland of Great Britaine which with her adjoyning Iles is here first presented containeth the Kingdomes of England and Scotland and is of many accounted the greatest Island in the World though Iustus Lipsius gives that praise to Cuba in America as the Orientall Navigators do unto Sumatra taken for Ptolomees Taprobana or to Madagascar the Island of S. Laurence both which are neere unto or under the Equinoctiall Line In which we will not contend as pleasing our selves with her other praises greater then her Greatnes yet with this honour also that is was without question the greatest Island of the Romane World and for any thing yet certainly knowne of all the rest Concerning whose
6 The place of most account in this Shire is Chichester by the Britaine 's called Caercei and by the Saxons Cissan-Ceasr a Citie beautifull and large and very well walled about first built by Cissa the second King of the South-Saxons wherein his Royall Palace was kept And when K. William the first had enacted that Bishops Seas should be translated out of small Townes unto places of greater resort the Residence of the Bishop untill then held at Selsey was removed to this Citie where Bishop Raulfe began a most goodly Cathedrall Church but before it was fully finished by a sudden mischance of fire was quite consumed Yet the same Bishop with the helping liberalitie of King Henry the first began it again and saw it wholly finished whose beauty and greatnes her fatall enemy still envying againe cast downe in the dayes of King Richard the first and by her raging flames consumed the buildings both of it and the Bishops Palace adjoyning which Seffrid the second Bishop of that name reedified and built anew And now to augment the honour of this place the Citie hath born the Title of an Earldome whereof they of Arundell were sometimes so stiled Whose Graduation for Latitude is removed from the Equator unto the degree fiftie fiftie five minutes and for Longitude observing the same point in the West whence Mercator hath measured are twentie degrees 7 With whom for frequencie bignesse and building the Towne Lewes seemeth to contend where King Athelstan appointed the mintage of his Moneyes and William de Warron built a strong Castle whereunto the disloyall Barons of King Henry the third in warlike manner resorted and fought a great Battle against their own Soveraigne and his sonne wherein the King had his horse slaine under him Richard King of the Romans surprized and taken in a Wind-mill and Prince Edward delivered unto them upon unequall conditions of Peace But a greater Battle was fought at Battle when the hazard of England was tried in one dayes sight and Harold the King gave place to his Conquerour by losing of his life among sixtie seven thousand nine hundred seventie foure Englishmen besides whose blood so spilt gave name to the place in French Sanguelac And the soyle naturally after raine becomming of a reddish colour caused William of Newbery untruly to write That if there fell any small sweet showers in the place where so great a slaughter of the Englishmen was made presently sweateth forth very fresh blood out of the carth as if the evidence thereof did plainely declare the voice of blood there shed and cryed still from the earth unto the Lord. 8 But places of other note in this Shire are these From Basham Earle Harold taking the Sea for his delight in a small boat was driven upon the coast of Normandie where by Duke William he was retained till he had sworne to make him King after Edward Confessors death which oath being broken the Bastard arrived at Pensey and with his sword revenged that Periurie At West-Wittering also Ella the Saxon before him had landed for the conquering of those parts and gave name to the shore from Cimen his son But with greater glory doth Gromebridge raise up her head where Charles Duke of Orleance father to Lewes the twelfth King of France taken prisoner at Agincourt was there a long time detained 9 The commodities of this Province are many and divers both in Corn Cattell Woods Iron Glasse which two last as they bring great gaine to their Possessors so doe they impoverish the Countie of Woods whose want will be found in ages to come if not at this present in some sort felt 10 Great have been the devotions of Religious persons in building and consecrating many houses unto the use and only service of Christ whose Bead men abusing the intents of their Founders have caused those foundations to lament their own ruines for in the tempestuous time of King Henry the Eight eighteene of them in this Countie were blowne down whose fruit fell into the lappes of some that never meant to restore them again to the like use This Country is principally divided into six Rapes every of them containing a River a Castle and Forrest in themselves besides the severall Hundreds whereunto they are parted that is the Rape of Chichester into seven of Arundell into five of Bramber into ten of Lewes into thirteene of Peuensey into seventeene and of Haslings into thirteene in all fiftie six wherein are seated ten Castles eighteene market Towns and three hundred and twelve Parish Churches as in the Table following appeareth SUSSEX Described and divided into Rapes with the fiâ—sation of Chichester the cheife citie thereof And the armes of such Nobles as have bene dignified with the title of Earles since the conquest and other accidents therein observed Hundreds and Rapes in SVSSEX Chichester Rape 〈…〉 hund 〈…〉 hund Dump or hund 〈…〉 Manbou◠〈◊〉 Bex and 〈…〉 hundred Alâ—weck hund Arundel Rape West A 〈…〉 Botherbridge 〈◊〉 Pâ—ling 〈◊〉 〈…〉 Bary 〈◊〉 Bramber Rape West 〈◊〉 hund 〈…〉 hund 〈◊〉 hund 〈◊〉 hund 〈…〉 〈…〉 Fisheâ—gatâ— hund Tipnoke hund 〈…〉 hund Sâ—ingleâ—â—â—sse hund Lewes Rape Barkâ—â—â— and Hamsey 〈◊〉 S 〈…〉 H 〈…〉 I 〈…〉 U 〈…〉 H 〈…〉 F 〈…〉 P 〈…〉 Battinghill North hund Battinghill South hund Wyncham hund 〈◊〉 North part Streat South part Peuensey Rape East griâ—â—teâ— hund H 〈◊〉 hund Rutherfield hund Foxâ—â—ald Kings hund Tinfield and Bucklie hun Ringomer hund Iâ—field hund Rushmonden hund Danchill horsteâ— hund Danchill Sheffeild hund Sheplake hund Dill hund Longbriâ—ge hund Willington hund Eastborne hund Alsiston hund Flexborow hund Hastings Rape Foxenall hund Dâ—nill hund Shewswell hund Goldespure hund Staple hund Hanksborough hund Nethersfeild hund Boxhill hund Baâ—sloc hund Gestling hund Gostrowe hund Nenvill hund Henhurst hund A ADrington Arund Alberton Bramb Alborne Bramb Adingborone Chich. Adrington â—ewes Almanington Chich. Aldfrisian Pâ—uâ—n Alsiston Peuen Amberlie Arund Amersham Chich. Angleton Lewes Angmering West Arund Angmering East Arund Angton Arund Anstye Lewes Apoledrum Chich. Apslâ—y Bramb Ardingleigh Lexes Arundell forrest Arund ARVNDEL Arund Arundel flu Ashburnham Hast. Ashefeuld Arund Athurst Bramb Assington bramb Aylworth chich B Badwâ—rth parke Arun. Balcombe Lâ—wâ—â— Balesdâ—ane lewes Balteslow Beacon hast Barcombe lewes Barlavington arund Barlugh archeâ— lewes Barnham arund BATTLE hast Bayles Court arund The Beach peuen. Beawbush bramb Beckley hast Bedingham peuen. Bedingstreat bramb Bentley peuen. Bepton Chich. Bersted South chich Bersted North chich Berwyke peuen. Bexill hast Bidlington bramb Bigmoâ—e arund Bignor arund Billinghurst arund Bilson arund Binderton chich Binsted arund Bishophurst bramb Blackdow Beacon chich Blackhouse peuen. Blackston bramb Bletchington lewes Bletchington peuen. Bogner â—ocks chich Bodgiham hast Bolbroke peuen. Bolney leâ—es Bonyâ—k bramb Borcham Chappâ—ll hast Bormer lewes Borsill hast Borstye lewes Boscham chich Bosgravâ— chich Bowes bramb Bowley chich Bramber bramb Bramble peuen. Brantsnap lewes Breed
georg Sutton Vpwim. Sutton waldron red Sutton Cul. Sutton points pud Swier Vg. Sydlin Saint Nicholas Tot. and Mod. Sylton Red. T Tarrant keniston Pimp Tarrant muncton Vpwim. Tarrant launston pimp Tarrant hinton pimp Thornford sher Thornhull Bad. Thornhill brown Throupe pud Tinham east hasler Tinham west hasler Tinkleton pud Todber Newton Tollerdwelve Red. Toller fratrum Toll Toller Percorum Toll Tolpuddell pud Tompson Comb. Turnewood pimp Turnerspuddell Barrow Turnworth Cramb. Twiâ—ord Vpwim. V Vanchurch Tol. Vernenâ—nster Cramb. Upsidling Yeat Upway Vgscomb Upwimbon Vpwim. W Waby house Pud Wadden frier Vgscomb Waldishe goder Walterston pud Walton georg Wambroke Whit. WARHAM Winf. Warmwell Winf. WAYMOUTH Vgs. Weeke Kings pud Welland Whit. Wenford Whit. Westbury Sher. Westhall Sher. Weston brown Westworth Rush. Whatcomb Coomb Whitchurch pimp Whitchurch Coomb Whitchurch tithing Whit. Whitcâ—iâ—â—e Rowbar Withart vale or â—lakemore Sherb Whitlovington Barrow Wichampton Cramb. Widdâ—n Fryer Vgscomb Wilton Eggarâ—on WIMLORN MINSTER Bad. Wimborne S. Cyles Knowl Wimborn Alhallows Knowl Winfrith Winf. Winford Eagle Tollerf Winterborn Rush. Winterborn Pimp Winterborn Eggar Winterborn Kingston Beer Wirtwood Bad. Woodcotes Cramb. Woodland Knowl Woodford Winf. Wooâ—e Rush. Woolcomb Yeat Worgret Barrow Worthe Rowbar Worthe Rowbar Wotton fitzpaine Whit. Wotton Sher. Wotton Glanfeild Buk Wraxhall Eggar Y Yetminster Yeat DEVON-SHIRE by the Cornish Britaines called Devinan by the English-Saxons Deven-schyre and by contraction of the vulgar Den-shire is not derived from the Danes as some would have it but from the people Danmonii the same we have spoken of in Cornwall and whom Ptolemie hath seated in these Westerne Borders 2 The West of this County is bounded altogether by the River Tamar the East is held in with the verge of Sommerset-shire and the North South sides are washed wholy with the British and Severne Seas Betwixt whose shores from Cunshere in the North unto Salcombe Haven entering in at the South are fifty-five miles and from the Hartland Point West to Thorncombe East are fiftie-foure the whole circumference about two hundred and two miles 3 The Ayre is sharpe healthfull and good the Soile is hilly wooddy and fruitfull yet so as the hand of the Manurer must never be idle nor the purse of the Farmer never fast shut especially of them that are farre from the Sea whence they fetch a sand with charge and much travell which being â—spread upon the face of the earth bettereth the leannesse thereof for graine and giveth life to the Glebe with great efficacie 4 As Cornwall so this hath the same commodities that arise from the Seas and being more inlanded hath more commodious Havens for Shippings entercourse among whom Totnes is famous for Brutes first entrance â—if Geffrey say true or if Havillan the Poet took not a Poeticall liberty when speaking of Brute he wrote thus The gods did guide his sail and course the winds were at command And Totnes was the happy shoare where first he came on land But with more credit and lamentable event the Danes at Teigue-mouth first entered for the invasion of this Land about the yeare of Christ 787. unto whom Brightrik K. of the West-Saxons sent the Steward of his house to know their intents whom resistantly they slew yet were they forced back to their Ships by the Inhabitants though long they stayed not but eagerly pursued their begun enterprises With more happy successe hath Plimouth set forth the purchasers of fame and stopped the entrance of Englands Invaders as in the raigne of that eternized Queene the mirrour of Princes Elizabeth of everlasting memory for from this Port Sir Francis Drake that potent man at Sea setting forth Anno 1577. in the space of two yeares and ten moneths did compasse the circle of the Earth by Sea And the Lord Charles Howard Englands high Admirall did not onely from hence impeach the entrance of the proud invincible Spanish Navy intending invasion and subversion of State but with his Bullets so signed their passage that their sides did well shew in whose hands they had beene as seals of their own shame and his high honour 5 The commodities of this shire consist much in Wools and Clothings where the best and finest Kersies are made in the Land Corne is most plenteous in the fruitfull Vallies and Cattle spreading upon the topped Hils Sea-fish and Fowle exceedingly abundant Veynes of Lead yea and some of Silver in this Shire are found and the Load-stone not the least for use and esteeme from the rocks upon Dartmore hath beene taken Many fresh Springs doe bubble from the Hils in this Province which with a longing desire of Societie search out their passage till they meete and conjoyne in the Vallies and gathering still strength with more branches lastly grow bodied able to beare Ships into the Land and to lodge them of great burden in their Bosomes or Fals whereof Tamar Tave and Ex are the fairest and most commodious 6 Vpon which last the chiefe Citie and Shire-Towne of this County is seated and from that River hath her name Excester this City by Ptolemie is called Isca by the Itinerary of Antonius Emperour Isca Danmoniorum by the English Saxons Exanceasder and Monketon and by the Welsh Pencaer It is pleasantly seated upon the gentle ascent of an hil so stately for building so rich with Inhabitants so frequâ—nt for commerce and concourse of strangers that a man can desire nothing but there it is to be had saith William of Malmesbury The wals of this Citie first built by King Athelstane are in a manner circular or round but towards the Ex rangeth almost in a straight line having sixe Gates for entrance and many watch-Towers interposed betwixt whose compasse containeth about fifteene hundred paces upon the East part of this Citie standeth a Castle called Rugemont sometimes the Palace of the West-Saxon Kings and after them of the Earles of Cornwall whose prospect is pleasant unto the Sea and over against it a most magnificent Cathedrall Church founded by King Athelstan also in honour of S. Peter and by Edward the Confessor made the Bishops See which he removed from Crediton or Kirton in this County unto the Citie of Excester as saith the private History of that place whose dilapidations the reverend father in God William now Bishop of the Diocesse with great cost hath repaired whom I may not name without a most thankfull remembrance for the great benefits received by his carefull providence toward me and mine This Citie was so strong and so well stored of Britaines that they held out against the Saxons for 465. years after their first entrance and was not absolutely wonne untill Athelstan became Monarch of the whole who then peopled it with his Saxons and enriched the beautie thereof with many faire buildings but in the times of the Danish desolations this Citie with the rest felt their destroying hands for in the yeare 875. it was
erected which are eighteene Stones placed round in compasse and pitched twelve foot each from others with another farre bigger in the very center These doe shew some Victory there attained either by the Romans or else King Athelstane At the foot of the Rocks neere unto S. Michaels Mount in the memory of our Fathers were digged up Speare-heads Axes and Swords of Brasse wrapped in linnen the weapons that the Cimbrians and ancient Britaines anciently used At Camelford likewise peeces of Armours both for horse and man are many times found in digging of the ground imputed to be the signes of that fight wherein Mordred was slaine and wherein great Arthur received his deaths wound And at Castle-Dennys are the Trenches wherin the Danes lodged when they first minded to subdue the Land In the Parish S. Clare two stones are pitched one of them inscribed with a strange Character and the other called the other halfe stone the formes whereof we have expressed in the Mappe The Hurlers also fabuled to be men metamorphosed into stones but in truth shew a note of some victorie or else are so set for Land-markes Bounders There also the Wring cheese doth shew it selfe which are huge Rocks heaped one upon another and the lowest of them the least fashioned like a Cheese lying pressed under the rest of those Hilles which seemeth very dangerous to be passed under But neere to Pensans and unto Mounts bay a farre more strange Rocke standeth namely Main Amber which lyeth mounted upon others of meaner size with so equall a counterpoize that a man may move it with the push of his finger but no strength remove it out of his place 10 Religious houses built and suppressed within the limits of Cornwall the fairest and greatest for account were Launston S. Neotes S. Buriens S. Michaels Mount and S. Germans a Bishops See so was Bodman also from whence King Edward the Confessor removed it unto the Cities of Excester 11 The division of this Shire is into nine Hundreds wherein are seated twentie-two Market-Townes and 161. Parish-Churches whose names are Alphabetically gathered in the Table of this Chapter annexed CORNWALL Hundreds in Cornwall 1. PEnwith 2. Kerrier 3. Pider 4. Powder 5. West 6. Lesnewth 7. Trigge 8. Stratton 9. East A Aborrows Kerrier Adven Lesnew. S. Agnis Pid S. Allan Powd Alan flu Trig. Allâ—â—combe strat Alternon Lesnew. Castle Andenas Pid Anowtham pen. Anstell powd Anthony powd Anthony East East Anthony West East S. Anthony in menege Ker. Ancron Kerrier Ardevora powd Arthurshall Trig. Arwanack Ker. Arwothall Ker. Asalt East Ashfield powd B Bake East Baâ—lyn Pid Barrete powd Bedeve Trig. Bedwyn Trig. Beedshaven strat Benaflock powd Benallock Kerry S. Benet Pid Benye Lesnew. Bere strat Beriobridge East Berose Trig. Besill Lesnew. Betonet East Bickton East Bindon beacon We. Binerton Kerry Blackbitille point West Blaise powd Blislond Trig. Blostenim East Bochym Kerry Boconock West Bodregan powd BODMAN Trig. Bodrigy Pen. Bolisto Pen. Bonython Kerry Borden strat Borrow strat Botadon East Botalleck pen. Botsboro strat Bolcastle Lesnew. Boskenna pen. Bossassill pen. Bosvergus pen. Boyton stratt Breage Kerry Breland I le pen. Brâ—nâ— pid S. Breock pid Breward Trig. Bridgrule strat Bâ—odocke West Brouagelly west Buckern Trig. Buckehy Trig. Budocke Kerry Burgus pid Burian pen. S. Burien pen. Burlace pid Burnere Trig. Byneth wood East Bynnawy strat C Calstocke East Camborne pen. CAMEâ—FORD Le. Canalegie pid Canyjeck pen. Caradon Beacon East Carantack pid Cardynbam West Cargallomb West Cargem East Carmyono Kerry Carnonbigh pen. Carnon pid Carock passage west Caraglowse pen. Cary bay powd Casthorne pen. Cayne West Cayne bridge West Chasfrench East Cheswring East Clayper bridge East Cleader Les. S. Cleere West S. Clement powd S. Clements I le pen. Clifton East Clowans pen. Cober Flu. Colan little pid COLUMB great pid Columb lesse pid Colquite powd Combe powd Constenton Ker. Corbullock Parke East Cornely powd Cortether West Coswyn penw Court powd Cousham bay East Crackington Les. Creed powd Crigmere pid Crocadon East Crosthole East Crowan pen. Cubye powd Curye Kerry Coswath ped Cuttcall East Cuttbert pid The ruines of a Castle pen. D Davidstone Les. S. Daye Kerry S. Dennis powd Denmer bridge Trid. Dewloe West S. Dominick East Dounstocke Le. Dosmery poole West Driffe pen. Duckpoole strat Dudman point powd Dulo West Dunacombe strat Dunhevid alias East Daunceston East Dyzarde les E S. Earth East S. Eartham pen. Edith Chappell Trig. Edgcombe East Estorde strat Eglosaile Trig. Egloskerry East Endellion Trig. Enis Kerry Enedor pid Erme powd Erne East Ervan pid Ethy West Eva powd Evall pid F Fawey â—lu Falmouth haven powd Fentongallon powd Feocke powd Forybery Les. Foy Well Les. FOYE powd Foye haven West Frisie Kerry G Garlyn pen. Gennis Les. S. Germans East Germow Kerry Gerrance powd Gillet Les. Gluvyns Kerry Glyman pid Glynford West Gnarnack powd Godolphyn Kerry Godolphyn Hall Ker. Golant powd Golden powd Goon hilly downes Kerry Golsury pen. Grade Kerry GRAMPOUND powd Greston East Gudreny Isle pen. Gulnall pen. Gullrock pen. Gunhaskyn pid Gunwalow Kerry Gunwallaw Mount Kerry Grendron Kerry S. Gurran powd Gwindrath Bay powd Gwinier pen. Gwithion pen. Gwyn Rocke powd Gwynap Kerry H Hacton East Halâ— Flu. Hall VVest Ham strat Harlyn pid Haye East Helegan Trig. Helford Haven Ker. Helland Trig. Helland bridge Trig. Hensbery powd Helset Les. HELSTONE Ker. Helstonford East Hillary pen. Hilston strat Hinckons downe East Hurlers East I Jacobstowe strat Ilcombe strat Illogan pen. S. Johns Kerry S. Johns East S. Islac pid S. ITHIES pen. S. Ithies bay pen. S. Ive East Kern Ivis pen. S. Just powd S. Just pen. K Karnusack pen. S. Keave west Kellington East Kennegy pen. Kenwyn powd Kergoe pid Kern bridge East Kernbray pen. Kerneth powd Karnmargh Beacon pen. Kernsew Kerry Kelstle Kerry Keswell Trig. S. Keverne Kerry S. Kewe Trig. Kibberd pid Kilguh pen. Killiow powd Kilkamton strat Kiliegath west Killigrew powd Kilmarr East Kickleo Ker. Kirthies pen. Armed pen. Knight pen. L Ladocke powd Uny pen. Lalant pen. Lalant pen. Lamchan west Lamorram powd Lamornye point pen. Labren pid Lanbrigan pid Ladew East Landewenak Kerry Landilpe East Lands end pen. Lancaste East Langdon strat Langford strat Langhadern powd Lanhidrocke pid Lanivett pid Lanlyverrye powd Lanno Trig. Lanrake East Lanrest west Lansarllos west Lanteglas Les. Lanteglos west Lanwarnock west Lounce powd Launcells strat LAUNSTON Ea. S. Laurence Trig. Lawannicke East Lawhitton East Lawreth west Lee strat Lean Castle East Lelant pen. Lepperry pid Lesante East Lesnewth Les. Lesterman powd Levan pen. Levethan Trig. Lezante â—ast Lezard Kerry Lezard point Kerry Linkynhorne East Liver Flu. Looburg East west The Lowe Kerry Loo Flu. Lowe East west LOWE West west Ludgnam pen. Luggan pen. Lugion pen. Luland Isle Trig. Port powd Luny powd Luxulian powd LYSKERD we LYSTWITHIEL powd M Mabe Kerry S. Mabyn Trig. Madern pen. Madern pen. Madern Well pen. Magdalen Chappell Kerry Maker East Malader powd Manacka Kerry
hath every thing in it to content the purse the heart the eye at home and sufficient Ports to give entertainement to Commodities from abroad 5 The ancient Inhabitants that possessed this Province were the Belgae who spread themselves far and wide aswell here as in Wilt-shire and the inner parts of Hampshire who being branched from the Germans conferred the names of those places from whence they came upon these their seats where they resided 6 The generall profits of this Province are Corn and Cattell wherewith it is so plentifully stored as it may challenge any neighbouring Countrey for the quantitie to make shew of Cattle so fat or Graine so rich Some places are peculiarly enriched by Lead-mynes as Mindsphils perchance so called of the deepe Mynes by Leiland aptly termed Minerarii Minerall hils which yeeld plenty of Lead the most Merchantable commoditie that is in England and vented into all parts of the world Some are beautified with Diamonds as Saint Vincent Rocke whereof there is great plenty and so bright of colour as they might equalize Indian Diamonds if they had their hardnesse yet being so many and so common they are lesse sought after or commended 7 This Country is famoused by three Cities Bath Wels and Bristow The first takes name of the hot Bathes which Antonine called Aquae Solis The waters of the Sunne Stephanus Badiza we at this day Bath and the Latinists Bathonia a place of continuall concourse for persons of all degrees and almost of all diseases whence it was sometimes called Akeman cester who by divine providence doe very often finde reliefe there the Springs thereof by reason of their Minerall and sulphurous passage being of such exceeding power and medicinable heat as that they cure and conquer the rebellious stubbornnesse of corrupt humours in respect of which admirable vertues some have fabled that they were first conveyed by Magicke-Art To testifie the antiquitie of this place many Images and Romane Inscriptions are found in the wals which can now be hardly read they are so worne and eaten into by age Wels as Leiland reporteth was sometimes called Theodorodunum but from whence it had that denomination he makes no mention The name it now beareth is taken as some thinke from the River there which King Kinewulph in his Charter An. 766. calleth Welwe or as others from the Wels or Springs which there breake forth and whereupon that See under whose Iurisdiction is also the Citie of Bathe hath beene anciently called Fontanensis Ecclesia the Fountaine Church where the Cathedrall built by King Inas to the memory of S. Andrew is very beautifull and richly endowed The Citie is likewise well replenished both with Inhabitants and seemly buildings Whose government is managed by a Maior yeerely elected a Recorder and seven Masters having the assistance of sixteene Burgesses a Towne-Clerke and two Sergeants at Mace Whose Latitude is 51.20 minutes and Longitude 17.31 minutes Bristow is not so ancient as it is faire and well seated The beautie of it being such as for the bignesse thereof it scarce gives place to any Citie of England and doth worthily deserve the Saxon name Bright-stad whose pleasantnesse is the more by reason that the River Avon scowres through the midst of it which together with the benefit of Sewes under all the streets cleares the Citie of all noysome filth and uncleannesse It is not wholly seated in this Countie of Sommerset but one part thereof in Gloucestershire but because it is an entire Countie of it selfe it denies subjection unto either having for its owne government both a Bishop with a well furnished Colledge and a Maior with a competent assistance of Aldermen and other Officers for Civill affaires 8 This Province hath beene the Theater of many Tragicall events and bloody Battels the Danes did grievously afflict Porlock by cruell Piracies in the yeere eight hundred eightie sixe Yet neere unto Pen a little village neighbouring upon North Cadbury Edmund surnamed Iron-side gave them a notable foyle as he was pursuing Canutus from place to place for usurping the Crowne of England And Keniwalch a West Saxon in the same place had such a day against the Britaines that they ever after stood in awe of the English-Saxons prowesse Marianus relateth that not farre from Bridge-water as the Danes were stragling abroad Ealstan Bishop of Sherbourne did so foyle their forces in the yeere 845. as their minds were much discomfited and their powers utterly disabled Ninius also writeth that King Arthur did so defeat the English-Saxons in a battle at Cadbury that it deserved to be made perpetuously memorable Neither is Mons Badonicus now Bannesdown lesse famous for Arthurs victories And King Elfred in another battell not farre from hence gave the Danes such an overthrow as he forced them to submission and induced Godrus their King to become a Christian himselfe being God-father to him at the Font. So happy is this Region and so beholding to Nature and Art for her strengths and fortifications as she hath alwaies beene able to defend her selfe and offend her enemies 9 Neither hath it beene lesse honoured with beauteous houses consecrated to Religion such was that of Black-Chanons at Barelinch in the first limit of this Shire Westward and King Athelstan built a monastery in an Iland called Muchelney that is to say the great Iland which is between the Rivers Iuel and Pedred running together where the defaced wals and ruines thereof are yet to be seene King Henry the third also erected a Nunnery at Witham which was afterwards the first house of the Carthusian Monks in England as Hinton not farre off was the second But above all other for antiquitie glory and beauty was the Abbey of Glastenbury whose beginning is fetcht even from Ioseph of Arimathea which Devi Bishop of S. Davids repaired being fallen to ruine and King Inas lastly builded a faire and stately Church in this Monastery though it be now made even with the ground the ruines onely shewing how great and magnificent a Seat it hath anciently beene which severall houses were thus beautified by bounteous Princes for religious purposes and to retire the mind from worldly services though blinded times and guides diverted them to superstitious and lewd abuses 10 Other memorable places are these Camalet a very steepe hill hard to be ascended which appeares to have beene a worke of the Romanes by divers Coynes digged up there on the top whereof are seene the lineaments of a large and ancient Castle which the Inhabitants report to have been the Palace of King Arthur Ilechester which at the comming of the Normans was so populous that it had in it an hundred and seven Burgesses and it appeares to be of great antiquitie by the Romane Caesars Coines oftentimes found there The Church-yard of Avalonia or Glassenbury where King Arthurs Sepulcher was searcht for
the South with Dorset and Hamp-shire and upon the West is confronted against partly by Gloucester and the rest by Somerset-shires 2 The forme thereof is both long and broad for from Inglesham upon Thamesis in the North to Burgat Damarum in the South are thirtie-nine miles the broadest part is from Buttermer Eastward to the Shire-stones in the West being twenty-nine the whole in circumference is one hundred thirty-nine miles 3 For aire it is seated in a temperate Climate both sweet pleasant and wholesome and for soyle saith Iohn of Sarisbury is exceeding fertile and plentifull yea and that with variety 4 The Northerne part which they call North-Wilt-shire riseth up into delectable hils attired with large woods and watered with cleare Rivers whereof Isis is one which soone becometh the most famous in the Land The South part is more even yeelding abundantly grasse and corne and is made the more fruitfull by the Rivers Wily Adder and Avon The midst of this County is most plaine and thereby is knowne and commonly called Salesbury-Plaines and lie so levell indeed that it doth limit the Horizon for hardly can a man see from the one side to the other These Plaines grase an infinite number of sheepe whose fleeces and flesh bring in an yearely revenew to their owners 5 Anciently this County was possessed by the Belgae who are seated by Ptolemy in Hamp-shire Somerset-shire and in this Tract and they as it seemeth by Caesar were of the Belgae in Gaul These as some hold were subdued by Vespasian Lieutenant of the second Legion under Claudius when the foundations of his future greatnesse were in these parts first laid by his many victories over the Britaines And herein surely the Romans seated for besides Yanesburie Trench by tradition held to be his in many other Forts in this Shire the Tract of their footing hath beene left and the stamped Coines of their Emperours found an apparent testimonie of their abode 6 After them the West-Saxons made it a part of their Kingdome whose border was Avon as witnesseth Athelward though the Mercians many times encroched upon them whereby many great battles as Malmsbury tels us betwixt them were fought when in the young yeares of their Heptarchie each sought to enlarge his by the lessening of the next but growne unto more ripenesse they assigned their limits by a great and long ditch crossing thorow the middest of these Plaines which for the wonder therof is supposed by the vulgar to be the worke of the Devil and is called of all Wansdike undoubtedly of Woden the Saxons Ancestor and great reputed God where a little village yet standeth and retaineth to name Wodens-burg At this place in Anno 590. Ceaulin the West-Saxon received such a foyle of the Britaines and his Country-men that he was forced to forsake his Kingdome and to end his dayes in exile becomming a pitifull spectacle even unto his enemies And in this place Ina the West-Saxon joyned Battle with Ceolred the Merciā whence both of them departed with equall losse The like was at Bradford by Kenilwach and Cuthred at Wilton betwixt Egbert and Beornwolfe at Edindon where K. Elfred was vanquisher of the Danes and at Wilton where the Danes wonne the day against him With as bloudy sucesse though not happening by sword was the issue of the Synod assembled at Calne a small Towne in this Countie in the yeare of Christ Jesus 977. where being hotly debating for the single life and against the marriages of the Clergie what wanted by the Word to prove their divorce was supplyed by a Stratagem and that very bloudy for suddenly the main timber brake and downe fell the floore with the Nobles and Prelates the Gentlemen and Commons whereby a great number were hurt and many more slain onely Dunstan the President and mouth for the Monks escaped untouched the Joist whereon his chaire stood remaining most firme which confirmed the sentence of their separations whom God had conjoyned and became the fall and snare of much incontinencie in both sexes 7 The chiefest Citie of this Shire is Salesbury removed from a higher but a far more convenient place whose want of water was not so great in the mother as is supplied and replenished in the daughter every street almost having a River running thorow her middest and for sumptuous and delicate buildings is inferiour to none The Cathedrall a most rich magnificent Church was begun by Richard Poore Bishop and with fourty yeares continuance was raised to her perfect beauty wherein are as many windowes as there are dayes in the yeare as many cast pillars of marble as there are houres in the yeare and as many gates for entrance as there are moneths in the yeare Neither doth this Citie retaine true honour to her selfe but imparteth hers and receiveth honour from others who are entituled Earles of Salesbury whereof eight noble Families have been dignified since the Normans Conquest and now is enjoyed by that most wise and loyall Counsellor Robert Cecill Lord high Treasurer of England and the worthy Patron of the place whereof my selfe am a member This Cities situation is in the degree of Latitude 51.10 minntes and from the first West point observed by Mercator 18. degrees and 31. minutes of Longitude 8 Over this old Salesbury sheweth it selfe where Kenrik overcame the Britains and where Canutus the Dane did great dammge by fire This formerly had been the seat of the Romans as likewise was Lecham as by their Coines digged up is apparant so were Brokenbridge and Cosham the Courts of the Saxon Kings But Fortune long since hath turned her face from all these as lately she did from many ancient and religious foundations planted in this Province whereof Malmesbury was the most famous I will not with Monmouth avouch the foundation thereof unto Mulmutius but by true records from Maidulph a Scot a man of great learning that therein built a Cell and led an Hermits life whereof Beda calleth it the Citie of Maidulph and we by contraction Malmsbury Adelme his disciple and successour built here a faire Monasterie which Athelstan the Monarch richly endowed and left his body after death there to rest Neither hath any graced this more then William her Monk in recording to posterities the Chronicles of our Land concerning both the Church and Common-weale wherein himselfe and wrote those Histories 9 Ambresbury for repute did second this built by Alfritha King Edgar his wife to expiate the sinne of murder which she committed upon young Edward her sonne in Law that hers might be King In this place Queene Eleanor widow to King Henry the third renounced all royall pompe and devoted her selfe unto God in the habit of a Nunne Other places erected for piety were at Salesburie Lacock Stanlege Wilton Ivichurch Farnleg Bradstocke Briopune and Bromhore These
the lowest rowe whose trade circuit and seat doth equall most places of the Land besides It seemeth this Towne hath beene walled about both by a Rampire of earth mounted along her North and West parts and places of entrance where gates have stood which no doubt by the Danes were cast downe in the yeare of Christ Iesus 991. when they sacked with spoyle all these Sea-coasts and again in the yeare one thousand laid the streets desolate and the houses on heaps yet afterwards recovering both breath and beauty her buildings from Stoke-Church in the South to S. Margarets in the North now containe 1900. paces and from S. Helens in the East to S. Matthews Church in the West are no lesse then 2120. full of streets plenteously inhabited wherein are twelve Parish-Churches seated besides them suppressed such were Christ-Church S. Georges S. Iames the White the Blacke and Grey-Friers The Site of this Towne is removed from the Equator unto the degree 52.25 minutes and by Mercators observation from the first West-points 22. degrees 9 minutes and is yearely governed by two Bailiffes and ten Port-men all wearing Scarlet with twenty foure of their Common-Counsell in Purple a Recorder a Towne-Clerke five Sergeants whereof one is for the Admiraltie a Beadle and Common-Crier all in blew with the Towns Armes on their Sleeves The other Eye of this Shire is the Saxons Bedericgueord By Abbo the Royall Towne wherein at the day-breake of the Saxons conversion Sigebert King of the East Angles founded a Christian Church and upon the occasion of King Edmunds buriall who at Hoxon was shot to death hath been ever since called S. Edmunds-bury where was built to his honour one of the fairest Monasteries in the world hegun by King Canute much affrighted with the seeming appearance of that Martyrs Ghost who to expiate the sacrilegious impietie of his Father Suenus enriched the place with many endowments and offered up his owne Crowne upon the holy Martyrs Tombe For the beautie and buildings of this Abbey and Towne let Leyland for me declare The Sunne saith he hath not seen a Citie more finely seated so delicately upon the easie ascent of an hill with a River running on the East-side nor a more stately Abbey either for revenues or incomparable magnificence in whose prospect appeareth rather a City then a Monastery so many Gates for enterance and some of them brasse so many Towers and a most glorious Church upon which attend three others standing all in the same Church-yard all of them passing fine and of a curious workmanship Whose ruines lie in the dust lamenting their fall moving the beholders to pitie their case Neere unto this Town a great Battle was fought by Robert Bossu Earle of Leicester against his Soveraigne King Henry the second but was worthily overcome by Richard Lucy the Kings high Iustice himself and wife taken with many Flemings and Engligshmen slaine 7 Other places worthy of remembrance this Countie affords such is Exning in the West formerly famous for the birth of S. Audrey daughter to King Anna one of the three names of the Shires division Rendlisham in the East where Redwald the first Christian in this Kingdome held his Court and Hadley in her South where Guthrum the Dane whom Elfred baptized was buried And things of stranger note are the limits of the East-Angles Territories running along Newmarket heath vulgarly called the Devils ditch the like fable is formally told by Nubrigensis that at Wulpet in the heart of this Shire two green boves of Satyres kind arose out of the ground from the Antipodes beleeve it if you will and Ralfe Coggshall in the Monuments of Colchester declareth that a Fish in all parts like a man was taken neere Orford and for six moneths was kept in the Castle whence after he escaped againe to the Sea As strange but most true was a crop of Pease that without tillage or sowing grew in the Rocks betwixt this Orford and Aldebrough in the year 1555. When by unseasonable weather a great dearth was in the Land there in August were gathered above one hundred Quarters and in blossoming remained as may more where never grasse grew or earth ever seene but hard solide Rockes three yards deep under their roots 8 Places separated from common use and devoted to God and his service by religious Princes were at S. Edmunds Ipswich Ikleworth â—lithborow Clare Leston Burgh Castle wherein Sigebert King of the East-Angles entered the profession of a Monke but was thence forced by his people to fight against the Mercians in which Battle he was slaine And Dunwich where Foelix founded his Episcopall See These with many others in this County were suppressed in the fall of the Monasteries and their Revenews assumed by King Henry the Eight 9 This Shire is principally divided into three parts which are called the Celdable S. Edmunds and S. Audreys Liberties subdivided into twenty-two Hundreds and them againe into 575. Parish-Churches wherein are seated seaven Castles and twenty eight Market Townes whose names are in the Table annexed SUFFOLKE described and divided into Hundreds The situation of the fayre towne IPSWICH shewed with the ARMES of the most noble families that have bene either Dukes or Earles both of that Countie as also of Clare HUNDREDS in Suffolke 1. LAckford 2. Thingoe 3. Risbridge 4. Baberghe 5. Thedwastrie 6. Blackborne 7. Stowe 8. Cosforde 9. Bosmere 10. Sampford 11. Colâ—eis 12. Caâ—leford 13. Thredlinge 14. Hartesmere 15. Hâ—xone 16. Looâ—s 17. Wilforde 18. Plumesgate 19. Blithing 20. Wangford 21. Mutford 22. Lothingland A Acton Baberg Akenham Bosmer ALDERBURGHE Plum Aldham Cosford Alderton Wilford Aldringham Blith Allington Hoxon Alpheton Babergh Ampton Theâ— S. Andrewes VVang All Saints VVang Arwerton Sam. Ashbye Lothing Ashe Looes Ashe Bocking Bosmer Ashefeild Thred Ashefeild Black Aspall Hartes Assington Baberg Aye Hartes B Backton Hartes Badley Bosmer Baddingham Hoxon Badwell Black Baiton alias Beighton Thed Bardwell Black Bargham black Barham bosmer. Barkingeâ— bosmer. Barnâ—ye Mut. Barningham black Barrowe Thingoc Barsham VVang Barton Thed Barton little Lack. Batisford bosmer. Baudsey VVilford Bawdsey haven Coln Bayleham bosmer. Bealings great Carlef. Bealings little Carlef. BECKLES VVang Bedfeild Hoxon Bedingfeild Hoxon Bellstead Samp. Belton Lothing Beneker Blith Benhall Plum Bentley samp Bernerdiston Risbridge Bildeston Cosfor Bildeston street Crosfor Blakenham great bosmer. Blakenham little bosmer. Blaxhall Plum BLIGHBOROUGHE Bli. Blithford blith Blith â—lu Blundeston lothing BONGEY VVang Bouldge Wilf BOTYSDALE Hartes Boxford baberg. Boxted baberg. Boyton VVilf Boyscott VVang Bradfeild Combusham Thed Bradfeild Monks Thed Bradfeild S. George Thed Bradfeild S. Cleere Thed Bradley great Risb. Bradley little Risb. Bradwell Loth. Bramford bosmer. Brampâ—eild blith Brampton blith Brandeston Looes BRANDON FERRIE Lack. Brantham Samp. Brasiard Plum Bredfeild Wilf Brent Ely Baberg Bresworth Hartes Bretton flu Brettenham Cosford Brightwell Carlef. Brockelie Thingoe Brockford Hartes Brome Hartes
one hundred thirty eight miles 3 The aire is passing good temperate and pleasant yeelding the body health the mind content The soile is rich fat and fruitfull giving abundance of Corn Grasse and Marle It is chiefly divided into two parts by the Chilterne hills which run thorow this Shire in the middest and before time were so pestered with Beech that they were altogether unpassable and became a receptacle and refuge for theeves who daily endammaged the way-faring man for which cause Leostan Abbot of Saint Albans caused them to be cut down since when those parts are passable without any great incumbrances of trees from whose tops a large and most pleasing prospect is seene The Vale beneath is plaine and champion a clayie soyle stiffe and rough but withall marvellous fruitfull naked of Woods but abounding in meadows pastures and tillage and maintaining an infinite number of sheepe whose soft and fine fleeces are in great esteem with the Turkes as farre as Asia 4 The ancient Inhabitants that were seated in this Shire were the Cattieuchlani mentioned by Ptolemie and then dispersed through the Tract of Bedford Hertfort and this These yeelded themselves with the first to Caesar under the Romanes subjection whose over-worne Empire ending in Britaine the Saxons by strong hand attained this Province and made it a part of their Mercian Kingdome yet was it first subdued unto them by Cherdike the West-Saxon whose memory is in part continued in the Towne Chersey upon the West of this Countie where in a sharpe and bloudy battle he was victor over the Britaines So also Cuthwulfe a West-Saxon at Alesberie in the yeere of Grace 592. overcame the Britaines and bare downe all things before him yet no sooner was their Heptarchie wained and their Monarchie able to stand alone but that the Danes before their strength and growth was confirmed waxed upon them and they not able in so weake a hand to hold fast that weight of greatnesse they had so grasped gave place to their Conquerours who did many harmes in this Province for in the yeere 914. the Danes furiously raged as farre as Brenwood where they destroyed the Citie Burgh the ancient seat of the Romanes afterwards a royall house of King Edward the Confessor which they utterly destroyed 5 The Shire-town Buckingham fruitfully seated upon the River Ouse was fortified with a Rampire and sconses on both bankes by K. Edward the elder saith Marianus the Scotish Writer where in the heart of the Town hath stood a strong castle mounted upon an high hill which long since was brought to the period of her estate now nothing remaining besides the signes that there she had stood The River circulates this Town on every side that only on the North excepted over which three faire stone-bridges lead and into which the springs of a Well run called S. Rumalds a child-saint borne at Kings Sutton canonized and in the Church of this Towne enshrined with many conceited miracles and cures such was the hap of those times to produce Saints of all ages and sexes This Town is governed by a Bailiffe and twelve principall Burgesses and is in the degree removed from the first point of the West for Longitude 19.33 scruples and the North-pole elevated in Latitude for the degree of 52.18 scruples 6 A Town of ancienter note is Stony-Stretford the Romans Lactorodū being built upon that ancient Causey-way which is called Watling street where remain the markes thereof even unto this day At this place Edward the elder stopped the passage of the Danes whiles he strengthned Torcester against them and herein King Edward the eldest since the Conquest reared a beautifull Crosse in memory of Eleanor his dead Queen as he did in every place where her Corps rested from Herdby in Lincolne-shire till it was received and buried at Westminster 7 Places intended for Gods true worship built by devout persons and sequestred from worldly imployments were at Launden Luffeld Bidlesden Bradwell Nothey Ankerne Missenden Tekeford Partrendune Ashbridge Alesbury Ashbridge in great repute for the blood supposed out of Christs sides brought out of Germany by Henry the eldest sonne of Richard King of the Romans and Earle of Cornwall whereunto resorted great concourse of people for devotion and adoration thereof But when the Sun-shine of the Gospel had pierced thorow such clouds of darkenesse it was perceived apparently to be onely hony clarified and coloured with Saffron as was openly shewed at Pauls Crosse by the Bishop of Rochester the twenty foure of Februarie and yeere of Christ 1538. And Alesbury for the holines of S. Edith was much frequented who having this Town allotted for her Dowrie bad the world and her husband farewell in taking upon her the veile of devotion and in that fruitfull age of Saints became greatly renowned even as farre as to the working of miracles These all in the stormes rage of the times suffred such shipwrack that from those turmoiled Seas their Merchandize light in the right of such Lords as made them their owne for wreacks indeed 8 With foure Castles this Shire hath beene strengthned and thorow eleven Market Towns her Commodities traded being divided for service to the Crowne and State into eight Hundreds and in them are seated one hundred fourescore and five Parish-Churches as in the Table annexed Alphabetically are expressed BUCKINGHAM Both Shyre and Shire towne describ ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Buckingham-shire HVNDREDS in Buckingham-shire 1. NEwport 2. Buckingham 3. Collstowe 4. Ashenden 5. Alesbury 6. Disburrough 7. Burnham 8. Stocke A Achenborow Buc. Ackeley Buck. Addington Buck. Adstocke Buck. AGMONDSHAM Bu. AYLESBVRY A. Vale of Aylesbury Ales. Apstone Dis. Ascott Coll. Ashridge Coll. Ashendon Ash. Aston clinton Ales. Aston abbotts Coll. Cold Aston Ales. Astwood New Aunslop New B Barton Buck. Beach hampton Bu. BEACONFIELD Burn. Bearton Ales. Bernwood forest A. Bidlesden Buck. Blechley New Bledlow Ales. Boreney Bur. Boreton Buck. Bostall Ash. Cold Bradfield New Bradnam Dis. Bradnam parke Dis. Bradwell New Brickhill little New Brickhill great New Bowe Brickhill New Brill Ashen Broughton Ales. Broughton New BVCKINGHAM Buc. Buckland Ales. Burnham Burn. East Burnham Burn. Burston Coll. C Calverton New Caldecott New Castlethorpe New Caveley Buck. Caversfeild Buck. Chalfont S. Peters Burn. Chalfont S. Gyles Burn. Chalwey Stock Checkmore Buck. Chechely New Cheddington Coll. Chepping wickcomb Dis. Chepping wickcomb florens Dis. Cherslie Ash. Chesham Burn. Chesham boyes Burn. Cheyneyes Burn. Chilton Ash. Chitwood Buck. Cholesbury Ales. Choldesbury Coll. Claydon middle Ash. Steeple Claydon Buck. Claydon East Ash. Clifton raines New Colbrocke in horton Stock COLBROCKE in LANGLEY S. Cold-aston Ales. Crandon Ash. North Crowly New Cublington Coll. Cuddenton Ales. D Datchet Stock Denham Stock Dorney Burn. Dorton Ash. Drayton beauchampe Coll. Drayton parslowe Coll. Dunton Coll.
Wales And upon what ground I know not let Lawyers dispute it the Inhabitants in some part of this Shire enjoy a private custome to this day that the goods and lands of Condemned Persons fall unto the Crown but only for a Yeare and a Day and then returne to the next Heyres contrary to the custome of all England besides 5 The generall Commodities of this Shire are Corne Iron and Wools all passing fine besides Pasturage Fruits and Woods which last are much lessened by making of Iron the only bane of Oke Elme and Beech. 6 These with all other provisions are traded thorow twenty five Market-Townes in this County whereof two are Cities of no small import The first is Glocester from whom the Shire taketh name seated upon Severne neere the middest of this Shire by Antonine the Emperour called Glevum built first by the Romans and set as it were upon the necke of the Silures to yoke them where their Legion called Colonia Glevum lay It hath been walled about excepting that part that is defended by the River the ruines whereof in many places appeare and some part yet standing doth well witnesse their strength This City was first won from the Britaine 's by Cheulin the first King of the West-Saxons about the yeare of Christ 570. and afterwards under the Mercians it flourished with great honour where Osrik King of Northumberland by the sufferance of Erhelred of Mercia founded a most stately Monastery of Nuns whereof Kineburgh Eadburgh and Eve Queenes of the Mercians were Prioresses successively each after other 7 Edelfled a most renowned Lady Sister to King Edward the elder in this City built a faire Church wherein her self was interred which being overthrowne by the Danes was afterwards rebuilt and made the Cathedrall of that See dedicated unto the honour of Saint Peter In this Church the unfortunate Prince King Edward the second under a Monument of Alablaster doth lye who being murdered at Barkley Castle by the cruelty of French Isabel his wife was there intombed And not far from him another Prince as unfortunate namely Robert Curthose the eldest sonne of William the Conquerour lyeth in a painted woodden Tombe in the middest of the Quire whose eyes were pluckt out in Cardiffe Castle wherein he was kept prisoner twenty six yeares with all contumelious indignities untill through extreame anguish he ended his life And before any of these in this City say our British Historians the body of Lucius our first Christian King was interred and before his dayes the Britaines Arviragus The graduation of this County I observe from this City whence the Pole is elevated in the degree of Latitude 52. and 14. minutes and in the Longitude from the West 18. and 5. minutes 8 The other City is Bristow faire but not very ancient built upon the Rivers Avon and Froâ—me for trade of Merchandize a second London and for beauty and account next unto Yorke This City standeth partly in this County and partly in Sommerset-shire but being a County of it selfe will acknowledge subjection to neither 9 A City more ancient hath been Circester by Ptolemy called Cerinium by Antonine Durocornovium by Giraldus Passerum Vrbem The Sparrowes City upon a flying report that Gurmund a Tyrant from Africke besieging this City tyed fire unto the wings of Sparrowes who lighting in the Towne upon light matter set flame upon all The circuit of whose walls extended two miles about wherein the Consular Port or wayes of the Romans met and crossed each other This City was won from the Britaine 's by Cheulin first King of the West-Saxons afterwards it was possessed by the Mercians and lastly by the Danes under Gurmund the former no doubt mistaken for him wherein a rable of them kept the space of a yeare Anno 879. and never since inhabited according to the circuit of her walles 10 Places of memorable note are these the Iland Alney neere unto Glocester wherein Edmund Iron-side the English and Canutus the Dane after many battels and blood fought in single combat hand in hand alone untill they compounded for the Kingdomes partition Barkley Castle where King Edward the second was thorow his fundament run into his bowels with a red burning Spit Tewkesbury the fatall period of King Henry the sixt his government and the wound of the Lancastrian Cause for in a battell there fought in Anno 1471. Prince Edward the only son of King Henry had his braines dashed out in a most shamefull manner the Queen his Mother taken prisoner and most of their favourites slaine and beheaded And at Alderley a little Towne standing eight miles from the Severne upon the hilles to this day are found Cockles Periwinkles and Oysters of solid stone which whether they have been Shel-fish and living creatures or else the sports of Nature in her workes let the Naturall Philosophers dispute of and judge 11 The places of piety set apart from other worldly Services and dedicated to religious uses by the devotions of Princes erected in this Shire were Tewkesbury Deorhust Glocester Minching Barkley Kingswood Circester Winchcombe and Hales which last was built with great cost by Richard Earle of Cornwall King of the Romans wherein himselfe and his Dutchesse were interred Their son Earle Edmund brought out of Germany the blood of Hales supposed and said to be part of that which Christ shed upon his Crosse. In this place with great confluence and devotions of Pilgrimage it was sought to and worshipped till time proved it a meere counterfeit when the glorious light of the Gospell revealed to eye-sight such grosse Idolatries and the skirts of Superstition were turned up to the shew of her owne shame 12 Dukes and Earles that have borne the title of Glocester the first of every Family are by their Armes and Names within the Card expressed ever fatall to her Dukes though the greatest in blood and birth The first was Thomas Woodstocke son to King Edward the third who in Callis was smoothered in a Feather-bed to death The second was Humfrey brother to King Henry the fift by the fraudulent practise of the malignant Cardinall and Queen made away at Saint Edmundsbury And the last was Richard brother to King Edward the fourth who by the just hand of God was cut off in battell by King Henry the seventh 13 This Shires division is principally into foure parts subdivided into thirty Hundreds and them againe into two hundred and eighty Parish-Churches whose names are inserted in the Table upon the other part of this Card. GLOCESTERSHIRE contriued into thirty thre seuerall hundreds those againe in to foure principall deuisions The Citie of Glocester Bristow discribed with the armes of such noble men as haue bene dignified with the titlles of Earles Dukes therof HUNDREDS in Glocester-shire 1. BErkley 2. Grombaldashe 3. Langley and Swinshed 4. Thornebury 5. Henbury 6. Pockle-Church 7. Kings Barton 8.
then the former Robert was both of them in like degree of dishonourable course of life though of different issue at their deaths the one dying penitent and of devout esteeme the other leaving the stench of Tyrannie to all following ages who from this City setting forth in one day with great pomp and in battell aray to keep the Crowne sure upon his owne Helmet in a sore fought field yeelded both it and his life unto the head and hands of Henry of Richmond his Conquerour and the next day was brought back like a Hogge naked and torne and with contempt without tears obscurely buried in the Gray-Friers of this City whose suppression hath suppressed the plot-place of his grave and only the stone-chest wherein he was laid a drinking trough now for horses in a common Inne retaineth the memory of that great Monarchs Funerall and so did a stone in the Church and Chappell of S. Maries inclose the corps of the proud and pontificall Cardinall Wolsey who had prepared for himselfe as was said a far more richer Monument 7 Other places worthy of remembrance in this Shire were these In the West where a high crosse was erected in former times stood the faire Citie Cleycester the Romans BENONNES where their Legions lay and where their two principall wayes crossed each other as the Inhabitants report Loughborow in the North-verge which the Saxons called Leizanburge was as Marianus affirmeth taken from the Britaine 's by Cuthwolfe their King about the yeere of Christ 572. At Redmore neere Bosworth West-ward in this Countie the Kingdom of England lay in hazard of one Battell when King Richards Field was fought where the land at once was freed from a Tyrant and a wicked Vsurper Neither may we passe Lutterworth as the least in account where the famous Iohn Wickliffe Englands Morning star dispersed the clouds of all Papisticall darknesse by preaching the Gospell in that his charge and stile of his pen so piercing in power that the man of Sinne ever since hath beene better known to the world 8 Religious houses by Princes erected and by them devoted to God and his service the chiefest in this Shire were at Leicester Grace-Dieu Keirkby-Bellers and at Burton a Spittle for Lazers a disease then newly approached in this Land for the erection whereof a common contribution was gathered thorow the Realm the Patients in this place were not so much deformed in skin as the other were in the defects for the soule whose skirts being turned up to the sight of the world their shames were discovered and those houses dissolved that had long maintained such Idolatrous sinnes 9 This Shires division is into six Hundreds and in them are seated twelve Market Towns for commerce and containeth in her circuit two hundred Parish-Churches whose names with others are in the Table following to this Chapter belonging LEICESTER both Countye and Citie described The Honorable Famylies that have had the titles of Earls thereof With other accidents therein observed HVNDREDS in Leicester-shire 1. West-Goscote 2. Sparkingho 3. Goodlaxton 4. Gartrey 5. East Goscote 6. Framland A Abbey gate West Affordbie east Ailston good Allexton east Altongrange west Anker Flu. Ansty West Appleby little spark Appleby great spark Apekettelbie Fram Arnesbye Good ASHBYE de la Zouch west Ashbye folvile east Ashbye little good Ashbye great good Aston slamvill spar Atterton spar B Bagrave gart Bagworth pakre spar Bagworth spar Barbythorpe east Baresby east Bardon hill west Barkebie east Barkston fram Barlston spar Barn parke spar Barrow upon Zoram east Barton spar Barwell spar Beebie east Belgrave east Belton west Bensford bridge good Bew maner west Billesdon gart Bilston spar Bitteswell good Blabye good Blackbrooke flu Blangherby west Blason gart Boresworth husband gart Borhisson spar BOSWORTH spark Botisford fram Bowden great gart Bradgate west Bradley gart Brantingthorpe good Brantingthorpe Westcotts spar Braunston fram Braunston spar Braughton nether fram Bredon on the hill west Brenkinsthorpe spar Brentingby fram Bringhurst gart Brokesbie east Bâ—oughton Ashley good Buckminster fram Burbage spar Burley parke west Burrow gart Burstall west Burton layers fram Burton upon olâ—s east Burton overy gart Bushbye gart C Candwell east Carleton spar Carlton Curlew gart Cathorpe gart Charley west Chamwood forest west Cawdwell fram Clawson long fram Cleybrooke good Colderton east Collerton west Cosbye good Coson fram Cossington east Counston spar Countesthorpe good Cottesboche good Cotes east Cotton spar Cranoe gart Crawston east Crofee spar Cropston west Croston South east Croxton Kerriall fram D Dadlington spar Dalbye little fram Dalbie Iacombe east Dalbye wood east Dalbie upon Olds east Deane flu Desforde spar Dishley grange west Drayton spar Drayton gart Dunton Basset good Dunington spar DVNINGTON CASTLE west Dyseworth west E Eaton fram Eastwell fram Easton gart Edmondthorpe fram Eie flu Eie Kettleby fram Elmesthorpe spar Elston good Enderby spar Engarsby gart Erdisborowe gart Erlshilton spar Evington gart F Fleckney gart Foston good Foxton gart Freabie fram Frisbye gart Frisbye upon Wreake east Frolesworth good G Gaddesby east Gadebye spar Galbye gart Garenton west Garthorpe fram Gillmorton good Glenfeild spar Glenn great gart Glenn little good Glowston gart Goadbie fram Goadbye gart Goldsmiths grange fram Grace dieu west Grimston east Groobye spar Gumley gart H Hachton fram HALLATON gar HARBOROW gart Harbye fram Harston fram Hatherne west Hawlstead east Heather spar Hemington west Higham spar High crosse good Hinckley bond spar HINCKLYE spar Hobie east Hoes fram Hogges Norton spar Holt gart Hollwell fram Horninghold gart Horsepoole grange spar Horsepoole spar Hoose fram Hoton east Houghton gart Hucklescott spar Humberstone east Huncott spar Hungerton east I Ibstoke spar Illeston gart Ingersbye gart Isbye Walton K Katthorpe good Keham east Kemington south east Kerbey muchese spar Ketworth west Kibworth Beacham gart Kilbye good Kilworth north good Kilworth harcott gart Kimcote good Kirby bellers fram Kirbey mallary spar Knaptost good Knaveston gart Knighton good Knighsthorpe west Knipton fram Knosson gart L Lungley west Church Langton gart Thorpe Lanckton gart Lancton east gart Lancton west gart Laund east Lawghton gart Leicester Forest spar Leesthorpe fram LEICESTER east Leicester Abbey west Leire good Lindley spar Littlethorpe good LITTERWORTH go Lockington west Loddington east LONGBOROW west Loseby east Lubenham gart Lubsthorpe spar M Marfeild South gart Markefeild spar Marston potters spar Medburne gart MELTON Mowbray fram Merill grange west Misterton good Morebarne spar MOVNTSORRELL west Mowsely gart Musson fram N Naneby spar Nelston spar Newbold verdon spar Newbold west Newbold gart Newton west Newton harcourt gart Newton burcott gart Newton cold east Newton nethercote spar Newtowne spar Norborow spar Normanton fram Normanton spar Normanton on the health spar Norton gart Norton East east Nosely gart O Oddeston spar Odeby good Orton upon the Mount spar Osberston spar Osgathorpe west Overton cold fram Overton sausye west Oweston gart P The great Parke west Peatling little
Wynander-mere CVMBERLAND CHAPTER XLIIII CUMBERLAND the farthest North-west Province in this Realme of ENGLAND confronteth upon the South of Scotland and is divided from that Kingdome partly by the River Kirsop then crossing Eske by a Tract thorow Solome-Mosse untill it come to the Solwaye Frith by Ptolemie called the Itune Baye The North-west part is neighboured by Northumberland more East-ward with Westmerland the South with Lancashire and the West is wholly washed with the Irish Sea 2 The forme whereof is long and narrow pointing wedge-like into the South which part is altogether pestred with copped hils and therefore hath the name of Cop-land The middle is more levell and better inhabited yeelding sufficient for the sustenance of man but the North is wilde and solitary combred with hils as Cop-land is 3 The Ayre is piercing and of a sharpe temperature and would be more biting were it not that those high hils breake off the Northerne stormes and cold falling snowes 4 Notwithstanding rich is this Province and with great varieties thereof is replenished the hils though rough yet smile upon their beholders spread with sheepe and cattle the vallies stored with grasse and corne sufficient the sea affordeth great store of fish the land over-spread with varietie of fowles and the rivers feed a kinde of Muskle that bringeth forth Pearle where in the mouth of the Irt as they lie gaping and sucking in dew the Country people gather and sell to the Lapidaries to their owne little and the buyers great gaine But the Mines Royall of Copper whereof this Country yeeldeth much is for use the richest of all the place is at Keswick and Newland where likewise the Black Lead is gotten whose plentie maketh it of no great esteeme otherwise a commoditie that could hardly be missed 5 The ancient Inhabitants knowne to the Romans were the Brigantes whom Ptolemie disperseth into Westmerland Richmond Durham Yorke-shire and Lancashire But when the Saxons had over-borne the Britaines and forced them out of the best to seeke their resting amongst the vast Mountaines these by them were entred into where they held play with those enemies maugre their force and from them as Marianus doth witnesse the Land was called Cumber of those Kumri the Britaines But when the State of the Saxons was sore shaken by the Danes this Cumberland was accounted a Kingdome it self for so the flower-gatherer of Westminster recordeth King Edmund saith he with the helpe of Leoline Prince of South-Wales wasted all Cumberland and having put out the eyes of the two sonnes of Dunmail King of that Province granted that Kingdome unto Malcolm King of Scots whereof their eldest sonnes became Prefects This Province King Stephen to purchase favor with the Scots what time he stood in most need of aide confirmed by gift under their Crowne which Henry the Second notwithstanding made claime unto and got as Newbrigensis writeth and laid it againe in the Marches of England since when many bickerings betwixt these Nations herein have hapned but none so sore against the Scotish side as was that at Sollome-Mosse where their Nobilitie disdaining their Generall Oliver Sinclere gave over the Battle and yeelded themselves to the English which dishonour pierced so deeply into the heart of King Iames the fifth that for griefe thereof he shortly after died 6 Many memorable Antiquities remaine and have beene found in this County for it being the Confines of the Romans Possessions was continually secured by their Garrisons where remain at this day parts of that admirable wall built by Severus also an other Fortification from Werkinton to Elns Mouth upon the Sea-shore toward Ireland by Stilico raised when under Theodosius he suppressed the rage of the Picts and Irish and freed the Seas of the Saxons Pyrats Vpon Hardknot hill Moresby Old Carleil Papcastle along the Wall and in many other places their ruines remaine with Altars and Inscriptions of their Captaines and Colonies whereof many have beene found and more as yet lie hid 7 The chiefest Citie in this Shire is Carlile pleasantly seated betwixt the Rivers Eden Petterell and Caud by the Romans called Luguzallum by Beda Luell by Ptolemie Leucopibia by Ninius Caer-Lualid and by us Carlile This Citie flourishing under the Romans at their departure by the furious outrages of the Scots and Picts was dejected yet in the dayes of Egfrid King of Northumberland was walled about but again defaced by the over-running Danes lay buried in her owne ashes the space of two hundred yeers upon whose ruines at length Rufus set his compassionate eye and built there the Castle planting a Colony of Flemings to secure the Coasts from the Scots but upon better advisement removed them into Wales After him Henry his brother and successour ordained this Citie for an Episcopall See whose site is placed in the degree of Longitude from the first West part 17. and 2. scruples and the Pole thence elevated from the degree of Latitude 55. and 56. scruples 8 West from hence at Burgh upon the sand was the fatall end of our famous Monarch King Edward the First who there leaving his Warres unfinished against Scotland left his troubles and soone missed life to his untimely and soone lamented death 9 And at Salkelds upon the River Eden a Monument of seventie seven stones each of them ten foot high above ground and one of them at the entrance fifteene as a Trophie of Victory was erected These are by the By-dwellers called Long Megge and her Daughters 10 This County as it stood in the fronts of assaults so was it strengthned with 25. Castles and preserved with the prayers as then was thought of the Votaries in the houses erected at Carlile Lenecoft Wetherall Holme Daker and Saint Bees These with others were dissolved by King Henry the eight and their revenewes shadowed under his Crowne but the Province being freed from charge of subsidie is not therefore divided into Hundreds in the Parliament Rowles whence we have taken the divisions of the rest onely this is observed that therein are seated nine Market-Townes fiftie eight Parish-Churches besides many other Chappels of ease CUMBERLAND AND THE ANCIENT CITIE CARLILE DESCRIBED WITH MANY MEMORABLE AN TIQVITIES THEREIN FOUND OBSERVED A TABLE of all the Towns in Cumberland A Acton Aglionby Aldby Alhollowes Alne Flu. Alme Allonby Alonby Alwarby Ancautre Kirk Ander Anstable Arladon Armanthwat castle Armanthwat Armebath Artruth Askerton castle Aspatre Austermore B Kirk Banton Little Banton Bardsey hall Barrenwood Parke Basmthauate Beamont S. Bees head S. Bees Bekermond Bew-castle Birtby Black-band Black-hall Blek-hall Blencongey Blenge Flu. Blenkerne Blynroser Blenrake Bodell Bolton Borrodale Boulnesse Bowtell Brakenthwar Braken hill BRAMPTON Brathwate Brathwate S. Brides Bridgeham Bridekirk Brisco Brodwater Bronelston Brounrig Brumfeild Bucknes Burds wold Burgh kirke Burnes Bustwath hill C Cambek Flu. Kirk Cambok Cammerton Cander Canda Flu. Cannonby Cardew Cardronok Carlton Carleton Carleton CARLILE Castle
Cogan Denis Coganpill Denis Coston Denis Cowlston Ogmor COWBRIDGE Cow Coytie Castle Newcast Coytchurch Newcast Cunnon Flu. D Denispowis Castle De. S. Donetts Welsh Cow Saint Donetts Ogmor Dredruckan Denis Dreergusse Denis Dulishe Flu. Dunraven Ogmor E Eghhelolid Denis Egloisbrywis Cow Egloissilan Caerf. Elay Flu. Elay Denis Ewenny Flu. F Saint Fagans Denis Faldray Caerf. Flimston Cow The Friers Cardif Funtgar Denis Funnum Denis G Saint Georges Denis Gilston Cow Capell Glodis Caerf. Glyncorruge Neath Gwennowe Denis H Hawood aport Chappell New Saint Hillary Cow The Holme swan I Illston Swan S. Iohns Swan Istradovodock Llant. Istradowen Cow K Kanfigg Castle Newcast Kelligate Caerf. S. Kennets Chappell Swan Kethligarne Castle Og. Kevenmable Cardif Kilibebyth Neath Kilvay Swan Knellston Swan Capell Krenant Neath L Laleston Newcast Lamadoke Swan Llanbeder ynro Denis Llanbethery Denis Llanblethran Cow Lancarvan Denis Lancod Denis Landaph Cardif Llandilotalibout Llang Llandewy Castle Swan Llandogh Cow Llandough Denis Landow Ogmor Landevodock Ogmor Llandydock Newcast Lanedeme Cardif Langan Ogmor Llangenyth Swan Llangevelach Llang Llanginor Ogmor Llangoned Newcast Llangug Llang Langwick Llan Llangibach Llang Llangyneware Newc. Lanhary Cow Lanharan Cow Llanihangell Covv Llanihangle Denis Lanissen Cardif Llanmadok Svvan Lannaes Covv Llannyenwere Svvan Llanquian Castle Covv Llanriden Llan Llanrydien Svvan Lansamlett Llan Lansannor Covv Llantrissent Llant. Lantrithed Denis Lantroitt Vairdrey Llant. Lantwit Covv Lantwyt Neath Lanvabon Caerf. Lanvedowe Caerf. Llanverock point Denis Lanwuo Llant. Llanyhangell Denis Llanyhylotalibout Svv. Llanyltiduandray Llan Llanylted Neath Lanylyd Covv Leckwith Denis Lisuaure Cardif S. Lithams Denis Louchor Castle Svvan Louchor Svvan Lloynigrat Cardif Lyswerney Covv Llystalabout Cardif M Marcroes Ogmor S. Mary Church Covv S. Maries hill Ogmor Margaiu Newcast Michalaston Svvan S. Michael Denis Michellston upon Avon Neat. Michellston in the pit Deni Michelston upon Elay Denis Mychellston Covv Meneche Castle Denis Merther Mawre Org. Mertherdevan Denis Merthir Caerf. Morgan Newcast Morlashe Castle Caer. Moulton Denis Mumbles poynt Svvan N Nashe little Covv Nashe great Covv Nashe poynt Covv NEATH Neath Neath vauchan Flu. Neath Abbey Llang Newcastle Newcast Newton Welsh Covv Newton Nottage New S. Nicholas Denis S. Nicholas Town Svv. Nolton Newcast O Ogmore Flu. Ogmore Castle Svvan Oystermouth Castle Svvan Oystermouth Svvan Oxwiche Svvan Oxwiche Castle Svva Oxwiche poynt Svva P Pendoyloni Covv Pengwerne Svvan Penmaen Svvan Penmarke Denis Pennarth Castle Svva Pennarth poynt Denis Pennarth poynt Svvan Pennarth Denis Pennarth Baye Denis Pennarth Svvan Penrees Svvan Penthery Llang Pentrich Llant. Peterston on the Mount Ogmor Peullyn Ogmor Pile Nevvcast Porteynon Svvan Portkirig Denis Peterston upon Elay Denis R Radyre Llant. Remgedro glytach Llang Resowlay Neath Reynalston Svvan Rompney Flu. Rosylly Svvan Roth Cardif Rowse Denis Ruddrye Caerf. S The Spittle Cardif Sully Denis SWANZEY Svvan Swanzey poche Svvan Syly Denis Sylye Island Denis T Tallavant Castle Covv Talygarn Llant. Tave Flu. Thevan Caerf. Thule Flu. Tilcot Cardif Tithegstowne Nevv Towye Flu. Treer Castle Covv W Walterstown Denis Webley Svvan Wenny Ogmor Wenuor Denis West-Gower Svvan Whitford poynt Svvan Whitchurch Caerf. Whitchurch Cardif Wicke Ogmor Winston Castle Denis Worleton Denis Wormeshead poynt Svvan Y Ycheloley Denis Ystradowen Covv MONMOVTH-SHIRE CHAPTER VI. MONMOUTH-SHIRE from Monmouth Town and that from Monnowe-water bearing name is altogether inclosed on the North and is separated from Hereford-shire with the same River upon the East both it and Wye divides this Countie from Gloucester-shire The South-side wholly is washed by the Severne Sea and some of her West part by Rempney is parted from Glamorgan and the rest lyeth bordered upon by Breknock-shire 2 The forme thereof is Scallop-wise both long and broad shooting her North point to Llantony and her South to the fall of Rempney betwixt which two are twenty-foure English miles and from Chepstowe East to Blanagwent West are not altogether nineteene the whole in circuit draweth some what neer to seventy-seven miles 3 The Ayre is temperate healthfull and clear the soyle is hilly wooddy and rich all places fruitfull but no place barren The Hils are grazed upon by Cattle and Sheepe the Vallies are laden with Corne and Grasse never ungratefull of the Husbandmans paines nor makes frustrate his hope of expected increase whose springs abundantly rising in this County with many streames doe fatten the soyle even from side to side 4 Anciently the Silures inhabited this Shire whose chiefe Citie by the Emperour Antonine is named Venta Silurum by the Welsh Caer-went and was by Tathie the British Saint made an Academie and a divine place for worship So likewise Caer-lion now once Isca was where the second Roman Legion called Augusta lay as by their Coines Altars Tables and Inscriptions there found and daily therein digged up doth evidently appeare By the report of Giraldus in this Citie was the Court of great Arthur whither the Romane Embassadours resorted unto him and as Alexander Elsebiensis writeth therein was a Schoole of two hundred Philosophers skilfull in Astronomie and other Arts. Which is the more credible for that Amphibalus St. Albans instructer was therein born and Iulius and Aaron two noble Protâ—-Martyrs of great Britaine in this Citie received the crowne of Martyrdome where their bodies were also interred But as all things finde their fatall period so this Citie for beautie circuit and magnificall respect is laid in the ruines of her own decay neither may any more lament the losse of glory then Monmouths Castle which captive-like doth yeeld to conquering time Her down-cast stones from those loftie turrets do shew what beautie once it bare standing mounted round in compasse and within her wals another mount whereon a towre of great height strength is built which was the birth-place of our Conquering Henry the great Triumpher over France but now decayed and from a Princely Castle is become no better then a regardlesse Cottage In this Town a beautifull Church built with three Iles is remaining and at the East end a most curious built but now decayed Church stands called the Monks Church In the Monastery whereof our great Antiquary Geffrey surnamed Manmouth and Ap Arthur wrote his History of Great Britaine whose pains as they were both learned and great so have they bred great pains among the learned both to defend and to disprove The Townes situation is pleasant and good seated betwixt the Rivers Monnowe and Wye three Gates yet stand besides that Tower or Lock of the Bridge and a Trench or tract of Wall running betwixt them on each side down to the River containing in circuit about eight hundred paces The Towne is in good repayre and well frequented governed by a Maior two Bailiffes fifteene Common Counsellers a Towne-Clerke and two Sergeants for their attendants It is in Latitude removed from the Equator 52. degrees and 8. minutes and from the West-point of Longitude is set in the degree 17.36 minutes Religious Houses erected and suppressed in this Shire
the Aldermen or chiefe Seniors thereof regarding my paines with friendly and courteous entertainments at my departure no lesse then eight of them that had been Bailiffes of the Towne came to visit me where they reported upon their credits and trials that from the top of that hill in the Welch called Mounch-denny or Cadier Arthur they had oftentimes cast from them and down the North-East Rocke their Cloaks Hats and Staves which notwithstanding would never fall but were with the ayre and winde still returned backe and blowne up neither said they will any thing descend from that cliffe being so cast unlesse it be stone or some metalline substance affirming the cause to be the Clouds which are seene to racke much lower then the top of that Hill As strange tales are told of the Meere Llynsavathan two miles by East from Breknock which at the breaking of her frozen Ice maketh a fearefull sound like unto thunder In which place as is reported sometimes stood a faire Citie which was swallowed up in an Earth-quake and resigned her stone-wals unto this deepe and broad water whither unto this day leadeth all the waies in this Shire which as learned Cambden conjectureth might be that Louentrium which Ptolemy in this Tract placeth and the more confirmed by the Rivers name adjoyning being also called Leuenny which River also passeth through this Meere without any mixture of her waters as by the colour thereof is well perceived which glideth thorow it with the same streame and no greater then wherewith she first entred in 5 The Townes for commerce are Hay Bealt and Breknock two of them unfortunate of their former greatnesse whom warres and sedition have defaced and cast down Hay upon VVye and Dulas pleasant for situation in the rebellion of Owen Glendowerdwy was diswalled depopulated and burnt in whose foundations for new repaires many Romane Coines have been found and thereby thought to be a seat of their Legions and Buelth now Bealt though of good frequencie yet not so great as when Ptolemy observed her position for graduation who calleth it Buleum Silurum neither when it with the Countrey was possessed by Aurelius Ambrosius by whose permission Pascensius the sonne of Vortiger ruled all as Ninius writeth nor yet of later times when Leolin the last Prince of the Britaines was therein betrayed and slaine 6 Breknock the Shire-towne for buildings and beautie retaineth a better regard whose walles in Ovall-wise are both strong of good repaire having three Gates for entrance with ten Towres for defence and is in circuit sixe hundred and fortie paces about upon whose West part a most sumptuous and stately Castle is seated the like whereof is not commonly seene whose decayes approching do increase her ruines daily and in the end is feared will be her fall This Towne is seated upon the meeting of two Rivers Houthy and Vske whose yeerely government is committed to two Bailiffes fifteene Aldermen two Chamberlaines two Constables a Town-clerk and two Sergeants their attendants having the Poles elevation in 52.21 minutes of Latitude and for Longitude is placed in the 16. and 32. minutes as the Mathematicians doe measure them 7 This Shire is strengthened with nine Castles divided into six Hundreds wherein are seated three Market Towns and sixtie one Parish-Churches BREKNOKE BOTH SHYRE AND TOWNE described Ann. Domini 16â—0 ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Breknock-shire HVNDREDS in BREKNOCK-SHIRE 1 BEalt Hundred 2 Merthy Hund. 3 Talgarth Hund. 4 Crickhoel Hund. 5 Penkelli Hund. 6 Dyuynnock Hund. A Aberbrayne Merth Aberkinvick Penkel. Aberlleueny Talgarth Aberyskire Merth Capell Afyne Talgarth Altemawre Talgarth B Battle Chappell Merth BEALT Bealt Capell Bettus Dyuyn. Blacke Mountaine Dyuyn. Blaynllynuy Castle Crick Braue Flu. BREKNOCK Penkel. Capell Brengoran Talgarth Bruntllys Talgarth C Capell Callwen Dyuyn. Camlas Flu. Cantrest Penkel. Clarthy Flu. Clarwen Flu. Comartch Flu. Capell Coyelbryn Flu. Craye Flu. Crickadarn Talgarth Crickholl Crick Crickhoel Crick Capell Cunok Merth D Capell Defrunehenthy Merth Delas Flu. Dyuynnock Dyuyn. Dulas Flu. Dylas Flu. Castle Dynas Talgarth G Garthbrenguy Llanthew Merth Gilston Penkel. Glasbury Talgarth Glyn Tawy Dyuyn. Groney Flu. Gwenthur Talgarth Gwetherick Flu. H Haterell Hill Talgarth HAYE Talgarth Henuid Parke Merth Hepsey Flu. Houthy Flu. I Isker Flu. Istradgunles Dyuyn. Istraduelltey Dyuyn. K Ketheden Crick Kethitalgarth Bealt L Llamcamlach Penkel. Llanauanuour Bealt Llanbedde Crick Llanddetty Penkel. Llandiualley Targarth Llandiuilog Merth Llandiloruan Merth Llanelli Crick Llaneliw Talgarth Llangamarth Bealt Llanganten Bealt Llangattuck Crick Llangeney Crick Llangonider Crick Llangors Crick Llangouilog Penkel. Llangoyd Talgarth Llangroney Crick Llangustye Penkel. Llangynyd Crick Llanlleenuell Bealt Llannyllo Talgarth Llansanffred Penkel. Llanspethitt Dyuyn. Llanthetty Penkel. Llanthew Castle Penkel. Llanthewi Aberwessyn Bealt Llanthewi Come Bealt Llanuair Bealt Llanuanuecham Bealt Llanuigon Penkel. Llanuyhangell Vachian Merth Llanuyhangell Bryn pabian Bealt Llanuorted Bealt Llanurenach Penkel. Llanuthull Bealt Llanuillo Penkel. Llanwerne Penkel. Llanygon Talgarth Llanyhangell Manthran Merth Llanyhangell Cumdye Crick Llanyhanglo Penkel. Llanyhangell Aberwessyn Bealt Llanynnis Bealt Llestinan Bealt Lleueny Flu. Lleueny Flu. Lliwell Dyuyn. Llyswen Talgarth M Maesmynys Bealt Towre Maltwalbury Dyuyn. Melta Flu. Metherchynog Merth Mounchdenny Hill Penkel. N Capell Nanty Penkel. Neath Flu. Newton Dyuyn. O Olluannock Dyuyn. P Patrisho Crick Penderyn Dyuyn. Penketh Castle Penkel. Peterchurch Crick Pipton Talgarth Porthamble Talgarth Portheroyes Bealt R Capell Ridbrue Merth S Llyn Sanathan Talgarth Capell Senny Dyuyn. Skethrog Penkel. T Talgarth Talgarth Talyllyn Penkel. Capell Tauechan Penkel. Tauy Flu. Trallong Merth Trangarth Flu. Trausnant Flu. Tre Castle Dyuyn. Tretowre Crick Turch Flu. Tylachthy Penkel. V Tawe Vachan Flu. Neath Vachan Flu. Tawe Vawir Flu. Vaynor Penkel. Vske Flu. Vske Flu. W Weuery Flu. Wye Flu. Y Capell Ylldytt Dyuyn. Yruon Flu. RADNOR-SHIRE CHAPTER VIII RADNOR-SHIRE lyeth bordered upon the North with the Countie Monmouth upon the East toucheth Shropshire and Hereford-shire the Rivers Clarwen and VVye divide it from Breknock in the South and the West part doth shorten point-wise into Cardigan-shire 2 The forme thereof is in proportion triangle every side almost containing a like distance for from West to North are twenty miles from North to South twenty two and from South to West are twenty foure the whole in circumference extending to fourescore and ten miles 3 The Ayre thereof is sharpe and cold as most of Wales is for that the snow lieth and lasteth long unmelted under those shadowing high Hils and over-hanging Rocks 4 The Soyle is hungry though not barren and that in the East and South the best the other parts are rough and churlish and hardly bettered by painfull labour so that the riches of the North and West consisteth chiefly in the brood of Cattle 5 Anciently this County was possessed by the Silures a warlike people and great withstanders of the Romans impositions who had not onely them to fight
certain times riseth and falleth after the manner of Sea-tides 9 In the South part of this Country divided from the rest is a place in some written Copies of Antonine called Bovium which we now terme Banchor first a City and afterwards a Monastery of famous memory and the first that is read of in the world wherein as Beda saith were a great number of Monkes and them divided into seven Companies every one having his severall Ruler assigned None of these Companies had lesse then three hundred persons devoted to prayer and to get living by their owne labour for themselves and the poore although it hath long since been utterly ruinate so as now there is scarce seene the face and outward shew of a dead Citie or Monastery It hath only the names of two Gates remaining one standing a mile distant from another and betwixt which the River Dee now runneth where are oftentimes found many peecâ—s of Roman Coine and other tokens of antiquity But of these shall be more mention made in the following History Another like Monastery but of lesser accompt stood in the Vale beneath Varis a little Citie placed by the Romans in the confines of this Shire and Denbigh-shire and upon the Banke of Elwy and Cluyd This the Britaines call Llan-Elwy of the River the Englishmen Asaph of the Founder and the Historiographers Asaphensis It is more famoused for antiquity then for building or bravery for about the yeare 560. Kentigern Bishop of Glasco being sled hither out of Scotland placed here a Bishops See and erected a Monastery gathering together 663. in a religious brotherhood whereof three hundred that were unlearned gave themselves to husbandry and to worke within the Monastery the rest to prayer and meditations When he returned into Scotland he ordained Asaph a godly and upright man to be Governour over this Monastery of whom it took the name and is called Saint Asaphs Another Monastery of great account was at Basingwarke in this County neere unto which began that admirable Ditch drawne thence unto the mouth of Severne by King Offa the Tract whereof I have expressed thorow this Shire and will further speake thereof in the following History 10 This Shire is divided into five Hundreds fortified with seven Castles hath only one Market-Town and twenty eight Parishes in which there is continuall celebration of divine Service FLINT-SHIRE ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Flint-shire HUNDREDS in Flint-shire 1. MOuld 2. Mailers 3. Rudland 4. Prestrattyn 5. Coleshill A Alen. Alen Flu. S. Asaph Llan Asaphe B Bangor Basingwarke Bottesley Broughton Bruerton Burton C CAIER Wâ—S Cluyn Flu. Combe Cornish D Darland Greene. Demyrchion Nether Droitwiche Over Droitwiche Dyffyrdwy or Dee Flu. Dyssart E Escoyte Hall F Fens Hall Flint G Gronant Gulgrave Gwenusker H Hanmere Harden Castle Haulton Holiwell Horsheath K Kilken Kinnerton M Maghegreg Meliden Merford Molde Moston N Nannarch Chapell Nerquoyes Northop O Clawdh Offa or Offas ditch Old parke Orton madok P Penley Chappell Potruthan Potuary Prestatin R Relusnoyde Rudland Castle S Sevion Flu. Skiviog T Tegidog Flu. Talarkrey Treer Castle Trethyn Trevealen W Wheler Flu. Whitford Whitwell Chappell Willington Worthenbury Y Yowley Castle Yowley Hill CAERNARVON-SHIRE CHAPTER XIIII CAernarvon-shire in Welsh Sire Ca-er-ar-von so called because it is just over against Anglesey which the Britaines call Mon and in coÌ„position was termed also Snowden Forrest before Wales was laid into Shires the North-side whereof and the West buttâ—th upon the Irish-Sea the South-side is inclosed with Merioneth and the East with Denbigh-shires from which it is severed by the River Conwey 2 The forme thereof is much like a wedge long and narrow toward the South and growing still wider towards the North so that from Pevenkel-point South-ward to Orâ—s-head-point North-ward are fortie Miles from the River Conwey East-ward to the River Llenoy West-ward Miles twenty and the whole circumference one hundred and ten Miles 3 The Ayre is sharpe and piercing by reason that the Countrey hath not naturall provision to ensconce her self against the extremity of winds and weather but especially as may be thought through the continuance of the Snow on the hills which also exclude the Sunnes aspect and warmth 4 The soile cannot be much commended for the fertility except those parts of the Sea-coasts which lye on the West toward Ireland but for the heart of this Shire it is altogether mountainous as if Nature had a purpose here by rearing up these craggy hills so thicke together strongly to compact the joynts or this our Iland aud to frame the Inland part thereof for a â—it place of refuge to the Britaines against those times of adversity which afterward did fall upon them for no Armie though never so strongly or scarce any Travellers though never so lightly appointed can find passage among those so many rough and hard Rockes so many Vales and Pooles here and there crossing all the wayes as ready obstacles to repell any inroades of forraine assailants These Mountaines may not unfitly be termed the British Alpes as being the most vaste of all Britaine and for their steepnesse and cragginesse not unlike to those of Italy all of them to wring up into the Ayre and round encompassing one farre higher then all the rest peculiarly called Snowdon-Hill though the other likewise in the same sense are by the Welsh termed Craig Eriry as much as Snowy Mountaines taking their name as doth by Plinies testimony Niphates in Armenia and Imaus in Scythia For all the yeare long these lye mantelled over with Snow hard crusted together though otherwise for their height they are open and lyable both to the Sunne to dissolve them and the winds to over-sweep them 5 The ancient Inhabitants of this Country were the Ordovices of whom we have sufficiently spoken in the description of the former Provinces neither need I insist either upon the pleasures or profits that this Country yeeldeth by reason of the great affinity it hath both of Climate and Commodities with Denbigh-shire and Flint-shire before mentioned But this beyond the other in some places breeds certaine Shel-fishes which being conceived by an heavenly dew bring forth Pearles in ancient times more reckoned of then now they are 6 Touching places of note that City is very ancient which the Emperour Antonine calleth Segontium taking name of a River running by which at this day is called Seioni some reliques of the walls whereof doe yet appeare neere unto a little Church consecrated to the honour of Saint Publicius This City Ninnius calleth Caer Custenith which some interpret the City of Constantine Indeed Mathew Westminster saith how true I know not that Anno 1283. here was found the body of Constantius Father to great Constantine which King Edward the first caused to be sumptuously bestowed in the
it is that the Scots first received the doctrine of Christ in this Kingdom of Ireland for thus writeth Prosper Coelestine Pope of Rome sent his Archdeacon Palladius into Britain to withstand the Pelagian heresie who at one time did drive out these enemies of grace and ordained a Bishop among the Scots Wherby that barbarous Nation embraced Christianity Yet Ninius reporteth that Palladius did nothing in neither being taken away by untimely death but that S. Patricke borne at Eiburne in Cluedsdale the son of Calphurus by the sister of S. Martin was the first Apostle for Ireland who sowed his heavenly seede with such plentifull increase that the soyle it selfe shortly was called Sanctorum patria the Country of Saints for whose Sepulchre after his death rose as great variance as was for Homer among them of Greece they of Downe challenged his grave to be with them upon certaine verses written on a Tombe which ascribes Patricke Briget and Columbe to be buried therein they of Armagh lay claime by the warrant of S. Bernard who saith that Patricke in his life time there ruled and after death there rested Glascenbury in England by ancient records will have his body interred with them and Scotland avoucheth his birth to be at Glasco and bones to rest at Kirk Patricke with them of such reverend esteeme was this Irish Apostle 23 This Patricke in his youth had been taken captive by the Irish Pirats and for sixe years continuance served Macbuain as his slave and keeper of his swine in which dejected condition so desirous he was of the Lands salvation that in his dreames he thought the infants unborne cried unto him for Baptisme and redeeming himselfe thence for a piece of gold found in the field which a swine had turned up in his aged years came back againe into Ireland preached the Gospel converted the people and lastly became Arch-bishop of Armagh Of whose miâ—â—cles and Purgatorie I leave others to speake that are mâ—re credulous in the one and have better leisure to relate the other and will shew thee Ireland as now it is first in generall and then in parts THis Province called in Irish Mown in a more ordinary construction of speech Wown in Latine Momonis and in English Mounster lyeth open South-ward to the Vergâ—vian Sea North-ward it affronteth part of Counaught The East is neighboured by Leinster and the West is altogether washed with the West Ocean 2 The length thereof extended from Ballatimore Bay in her South unto the Bay of Galway in her North are about ninetie miles Her broadest part from East to West is from Waterford Haven to Feriter Haven and containeth an hundred miles The whole circumference by following the promâ—taries and indents are above five hundred and fortie miles 3 The forme thereof is quadrant or foure-square The aire milde and temperate neither too chilling cold nor too scorching hot The soyle in some parts is hilly looking aloft with woody wilde and solitary mountaines yet the vallies below are garnished with corne-fields And generally all both pleasant for sight and fertile for soyle 4 This Province is at this day divided into two parts that is the West Mounster and the South Mounster The West Mounster was inhabited in old time by the Luccui the Velabri and the Vicrim the South Mounster by the Oudiae or Vodiae and the Coriondi The Velabri and Luceni are said by Orosius to have dwelt in that part of the Countrey where it lyeth outmost Westward and passing towards the Cantabrian Ocean looketh afarre off to Gallitia in Spaine The Luceni of Ireland who seeme to have derived their name and originall from the Lucensii of Gallitia and of whom there still remaine some reliques in the Barony of Lyxnauw are supposed to have been seated in those parts that lie neighbouring upon the banke of the River Shennon 5 The generall commodities of this Province are Cornâ— Cattle Wood Wooll and Fish The last whereof it affords in every place plentie and abundance of all sorts But none so well knowne for the store of Herrings that are taken there as is the Promontorie calâ—ed Eraugh that hâ— betweene Bantre and Ballatimore Bay whereunto every yeare a great Fleet of Spaniards and Portugals resort even in the middest of Winter to fish also for Gods 6 The principall Citie of the Province is Limericke which the Irish call Lowneagh compassed about with the famous River Shennon by the parting of the Channell This is a Bishops See and the very Mart-Towne of Mounster It was first wonne by Reymond le Grosse an Englishman afterwards burnt by Dunewald an Irish petty King of Thuetmond Then in processe of time Philip Breos an Englishman was inâ—â—offed in it and King Iohn fortified it with a Castle which he caused therein to be built In this Castle certaine Hostages making their abode in the yeare 1332. grew as is reported so full of pride and insolencie that they slew the Constable thereof and seized the Castle into their own hands But the resolute Citizens that could neither brooke nor beare with such barbarous crueltie did in revenge then shew such manly courage and vivacitie as they soone after recovered the Castle againe repaying the Hostages in such hostile manner as that they put them all to the sword without partialitie The position of this Towne is by Mercator placed for Latitude 53. degrees 20. minutes and for Longitude 9. degrees and 34. minutes Neere unto the River that Ptolemy calleth Daucona and Giraldus Cambreâ—sis by the alteration of some few letters nameth Sauranus and Sauarenus which issueth â—ut of Muskerey Mountaines is seated the Citie Corke graced also with another Episcopall dignitie and with the Bishops See of Clon annexed unto it which Giraldus calleth Corragia the Englishmen Corke and the native Inhabitants of the Countrey Corcach This Towne is so beset on every side with neighbouring moleâ—tâ—rs as that they are still constrained to keepâ— watch and ward as it there lay continuall siege against it The Citizens of this place are all linkt together in some one or other degree of affinitie for that they dare not match their daughters in marriage into the Countrey but make contracts of matrimony one with another among themselves In this place that holy and religious man Briock is said to have his birth and breeding who flourished among the Gaule in that fruitfull age of Christianitie and from whom the Diocesse of Sanbrioch in Britanie Armoriâ—a commonly called S. Brieu had the denomination 7 The Citie which the Irish and Britaines call Porthlargy and the English Waterford though it be last in place yet is it not least in account as being the second Citie of all Ireland as well for the convenience and commodiousnesse of the Haven that affords such necessary aptitude for trade and traâ—â—ique
they inhabited for to this the very name is almost sufficient to perswade us 5 The Commodities of this Countrey do chiefly consist in Cattle Sea-fowle and Fish It breeds many excellent good horses called Irish Hobbies which have not the same pace that other horses have in their course but a soft and round amble setting very easily 6 This Country hath in it three Rivers of note termed in old time the three Sisters Shour Neor and Barraeo which issue out of the huge Mountaine called by Giraldus Bladinae Montes as out of their mothers wombe and from their rising tops descending with a down-fall into severall Channels before they empty themselves into the Ocean joyn hand in hand all together in a mutual league and combination 7 Places very dangerous for shipping are certaine slats and shallowes in the Sea that lye over against Holy-point which the Mariners call the Grounds Also the shelves of sand that lye a great way in length opposite to Newcastle which overlooketh them into the Sea from the top of an high hill adjoyning 8 In this Province are placed many faire and wealthy Townes as Kilkenny which for a Burrough Towne excels all the midland Burroughs in this Iland Kildare which is adorned with an Episcopall See and much graced in the first infancie of the Irish Church by reason of Saint Bridgid a venerable Virgin had in great account and estimation for her virginitie and devotion as who was the Disciple of Saint Patricke of so great fame renowne and antiquitie also Weisford a name given unto it by these Germans whom the Irish terme Oustmans a towne though inferiour to some yet as memorable as any for that it became the first Colony of the English and did first submit it selfe unto their protection being assaulted by Fitz-Stephen a Captaine worthily made famous for his valour and magnanimitie 9 But the Citie which fame may justly celebrate alone beyond all the Cities or Townes in Ireland is that which we call Divelin Ptolemie Eblana the Latinists Dublinium and Dublinia the West-Britaines Dinas Dulin the English-Saxons in times past Duplin and the Irish Balacleigh that is the Towne upon hurdles for it is reported that the place being fennish and moorish when it first began to be builded the foundation was laid upon hurdles 10 That it is ancient is perswaded by the authoritie of Ptolemie That it was grievously rent and dismembred in the tumultuous warres of the Danes and brought afterwards under the subjection of Eadgar King of England which his Charter also confirmeth wherein he calleth it the noble Citie of Ireland is written by Saxo Grammaticus That it was built by Harold of Norway which may seeme to be Harold Harfager when he had brought the greatest part of Ireland into an awfull obedience unto him we reade in the life of Griffeth ap Sinan Prince of Wales At length it yeelded unto the valour and protection of the English at their first arrivall into Ireland by whom it was manfully defended from the fierce assaults as well of Auscoulph Prince of the Dublinians as afterwards of Gottard King of the Isles since which time it hath still augmented her flourishing estate and given approved testimony of her faith and loyaltie to the Crowne of England in the times of any tumultuous straights and commotions 11 This is the royall seat of Ireland strong in her munition beautifull in her buildings and for the quantitie matchable to many other Cities frequent for traffique and intercourse of Merchants In the East Suburbs Henry the second King of England as Hoveden reporteth caused a royall Palace to be erected and Henry Loundres Archbishop of Divelin built a store-house about the yeer of Christ 1220. Not farre from it is the beautifull Colledge consecrated unto the name of the holy Trinitie which Queene Elizabeth of famous memorie dignified with the priviledges of an Vniversitie The Church of S. Patricke being much enlarged by King Iohn was by Iohn Comin Arch-bishop of Dubline borne at Euesham in England first ordained to be a Church of Prebends in the yeere 1191. It doth at this day maintaine a Deane a Chanter a Chancellor a Treasurer two Arch-Deacons and twenty-two Prebendaries This Citie in times past for the due administration of Civill Government had a Provost for the chiefe Magistrate But in the yeer of mans Redemption 1409. King Henry the fourth granted them libertie to choose every yeere a Maior and two Bailiffes and that the Maior should have a guilt sword carried before him for ever And King Edward the sixt to heape more honour upon this place changed the two Bailiffes afterwards into Sheriffes so that there is not any thing here wanting that may serve to make the estate of a Citie most flourishing 12 As the people of this Countie doe about the neighbouring parts of Divelin come neerest unto the civill conditions and orderly subjection of the English so in places farther off they are more tumultuous being at deadly feuds amongst themselves committing oft-times Man-slaughters one upon another and working their owne mischiefes by mutuall wrongs for so the Irish of Leinster wasted Leinster with many Townes in the same Province in the yeere 1294. And in the yeere 1301. the men of Leinster in like manner raised a warre in the winter season setting on fire the Town of Wykinlo Rathdon and others working their owne plague and punishment by burning up their sustenance and losing their Castle by depredation 13 Matter of observation and no lesse admiration among them is the Giants dance commonly so called and so much talked of which Merlin is said by Art Magick to have translated out of this Territory unto Salisburie Plain which how true it is I leave to the vaine beleevers of miracles and to the credulous observers of antiquitie 14 In this County have beene erected many famous Monasteries Abbies and religious houses consecrated to devout and holy purposes as the Monasterie of Saint Maries of Oustmanby founded for preaching Friers unto which of late dayes the Iudiciall Courts of the Kingdome have beene translated also the magnificent Abbey called S. Thomas Court at Dublin builded and endowed in times past with many large priviledges and revenewes of King Henry the second in expiation of the murther of Thomas Archbishop of Canterburie Likewise Tinteru Monastery or the notable Abbey which William Marshall Earle of Pembroke founded and called De voto for that he had vowed to God being tossed at Sea with many a fore and dangerous tempest to erect an Abbey wheresoever he came to land and being after shipwrack cast upon land in this place he made performance of his vow accordingly This Province containeth the Counties of Kilkenny Caterloge Queens County Kings County Kildare East Meath West Meath Weisford and Dublin to say nothing of Wicklo and Fernes which either be already or else are to be annexed unto it
then is any other part of the Island besides 7 Historians relating of Ireland tell of severall Islands in the severall Provinces some full of Angels some full of Devils some for male only some for female some where none may live some where none can dye and such effects of trees stones and waters that a man but of easie conceit may well esteeme them as heedlesse as uncertaine So also S. Patrickes Purgatory a thing of much note in the Tract of this Province is a vault or narrow cave in the ground neere a Lake called Erne Lyffer much spoken of by reason of I wot not what fearfull walking spirits and dreadfull apparitions or rather some religious horrour which as some ridiculously dreame was digged by Vlysses when hee went downe to parley with those in hell This is the cave which the Inhabitants in these dayes call Ellan u ' Frugadory that is The Isle of Purgatory and S. Patricks Purgatory for some persons lesse devout then credulous affirme that S. Patricke or rather Patricius Secundus an holy Abbot of that name labouring the conversion of the people of this Province and much inforcing the life to come they replyed contemptuously unto him that unlesse they saw proofes of those joyes and paines he preached they would not lose the possession of their present pleasures in hope or feare of things to come they wist not when Whereupon as they say he obtained at Gods hands by earnest prayer that the punishments and torments which the godlesse are to suffer after this life might be there presented to the eye that so he might more easily root out the sins and heathenish errors that stuck so fast in the hearts of the Irish. But touching the credit hereof although common fame and some records do utter it I neither will urge the beliefe nor regard seeing it is no Article of our Creed 8 Matters memorable within this Province are these first that the Bishops of Ireland were wont to be consecrated by the Arch-bishop of Canterbury in regard of the Primacie which they had in this country untill such time as Iohn Papirio a Cardinall was sent thither from Pope Eugeniusâ—he â—he fourth to reform Ecclesiastical discipline in this Iland which was then growne so loose that there were translations and pluralities of Bishops according to the will and pleasure of the Metropolitane Also that the Irish-men were accustomed to leave and forsake their wedded wives at their owne free-willes whereof Lanfranck Arch-bishop of Canterbury complained unto Therdeluac a King of Ireland And had not this Nation been corrupted with this vice even unto these our dayes both the right of lineall succession had been more certaine among them and the Gentry and Comminalty had not in such cruelties imbrued themselves with such effusion of their owne kindreds bloud about their inheritances and legitimation 9 The principall place in this Tract is Armagh neare unto the River Kalin which albeit it maketh a poor shew is the Archiepiscopall See and Metropolitane of the whole Island Before S. Patricke had built there a faire City for site forme quantity and compasse modelled out as he saith by the appointment and direction of Angels this place was named Drumsalich the Irish tel much that it received the name of Queene Armacha but the better opinions are that it is the same which Bedâ— calleth Dearmach and out of the Scottish and Irish language interpreteth it The Field of Oakes Here as S. Bernard writeth S. Patricke the Apostle of Ireland ruled in his life-time and rested after death in honour of whom it was of such venerable estimation in old time that not only Bishops and Priests but Kings also and Princes were in general subject to the Metropolitane therof in all obedience and to his government alone Among the Arch-bishops of this Province S. Malachy is famoused who first prohibited Priests marriage in Ireland and as S. Bernard saith who wrote his life at large borrowed no more of the native barbarousnesse of that Country then Sea-fishes do saltnesse of the Seas Also Richard Fitz-Ralf commonly called Armachanus is of famous memory who turning the edge of his stile about the yeare 1355. began to oppose his opinion against the Order of Mendicant Fryers as detesting in Christians such voluntary begging The chiefe Fort in this Tract is Enis Kelling defended by the Rebels in the yeare 1593. and won by Dowdall a most valiant Captain neere unto which is a great downfall of water termed The Salmon-Leape of which there is a common speech currant among the Inhabitants that is was once firme ground very populous and well husbanded with tillage till it was suddenly over-flowne with waters and turned into a Lake for some filthy abominable acts of the people against Nature committed with beasts 10 The places of Religion sequestred from other worldly services and consecrated to holy purposes erected in this Province were The Abbey which sheweth it selfe at Donegal The Monastery of Derie where the Irish Rebell Shane O-Neal received such an overthrow by Edward Randolph renowned for his service in the behalf of his Country that he could never after recover the losse he sustained at that time The Monastery neere unto the River Liffer The famous Monastery at the Bay of Knockfergus of the same institution name and order as was that ancient Abbey in England neere unto Chester called Banchor Also Mellifont Abbey founded by Donald a King of Vriel and much commended by S. Bernard And lastly the most renowned Monastery built as Armagh in the yeare of our Salvation 610. out of which very many Monasteries were afterwards propagate both in Britaine and Ireland These places were farre and neere frequented and sought unto by great confluences of Pilgrims till Time proved their devotions to be erronious and the pure light of the Word revealed opening the eyes of their understanding hath taught them to shake oft the shame of such Superstitions 11 That the people of this County might be kepth within the bounds of their duty this Province hath been secured with fifty six Castles and Forts and for trade of commerce nine Market-Townes appointed being divided into these Counties ensuing Counties Dunghall or Tyr connell Nether Tyrone Monaghan Downe Fermanagh Colrane Armagh Vpper Tyrone Cavan Antrim Lough THE PROVINCE ULSTER described The Division of VLSTER 1. DVnghall or Tyr connell 2. Vpper Tyrone 3. Nether Tyrone 4. Fermanagh 5. Cavan 6. Mcnaghan 7. Colrane 8. Antrim 9. Downe 10 Armagh 11. Lough A Knock-Aboy Vpper Tyrone Aendone Monag The Aggnes Antrim Agher Monag Lough Aghre Down Aghren Ant. Aghugh Arm. Agnaderry Down Almore Dun. Altyne ella Col. Anaghalome Down Aneregan Dun. Angwis rocke Down Anogh Col. Castle Antrim Ant. Aperby hill Ant. ARDEE Lough Ardtra Nether Tyr. Arglas Down Arglas haven Down Mac Argum Down Arkine Castle Down ARMAGH Arm. Castle Arnish Arm. The North Isles of Arran Dun. Ashrow Mac
Polly down Promontary ant R Ragh Iland down Ragha Iland Nether Tyr. Raghin Mon. The Raghlins ant Ramultan Castle dun Rane-had down Raynold down Bishop Reagh ant Reagh down Red bay Castle ant Red Castle dun Red-bay ant Red-haven dun Relly down Richard Lough Rinor Neth Tyr. Rock flu Col. Lough Rosse Monagh Castle Rosse Monagh Lough Rose Monagh Rosse dun The Rowte ant Lough Rush Col. Lough Ryle down S Lough Sade-fold Mon. Sarard Lough Salmon-leape ant The Salmon Fishing dun Savage down Sawell pit a Mew Col. Scatericke Down Scottes ant Mount Sendall ant Knock Serabah Do. Sergeants towne Ar. Sidney Iland Nether Tyr. Silver hill dun Shanan Lough Lough Shanahan down Sheap flu down Sheepe haven dun Shelton Lough Skee Ferm Skinne flu Col. Skirres Portrush Col. Skirris ant Skrine Neth Tyr. Smiths Castle down Sok-le-boy An. South-rock down Stokan Neth Tyr. Stone-over ant Strangford down Strangford haven dow Temple Stanhurst land down Streband Vpper Tyr. Lough Swilly haven dun Mac Swinne dogh dun Mac Swinne Banogh dun Mac Swinne Fannought dun Castle Swinne Ado dun T Tadog ant Talbot down Tallah Neth Tyr. Tallowen flu Nether Tyr. Tehevet ant Telyn dun Tenan arm Bay Teraine ant Terim flu Neth Tyr. Termon Vpper Tyr. Slue Tgore Col. Lough Tinan Monagh Bishop Togher down Toghraby Monagh Tallagh Corbet Mon. Tollogh Cast Lough Tolloghnest Ne. Tyr. Tome Fort Neth Tyr. Tome lagh dun Tor ant Tor Island ant Torre Island dun Toughagh arm Toune Lough Toune Castle ant Trigall Net Tyr. Slew Trim Vpper Tyr. Troghenghtro Mon. Owen ne Trough Nether Tyr. Trowis flu Tullagh Neth Tyr. Tullash down V Uragh flu W Wall Mon. Walley Bay dun Warren Castle Lough Warren flu Welsh Castle down Whithead bay ant Whithead Castle ant White Castle dun White Abbey ant White Land ant Whites Castle down White Island down Bishop Willy Castle dun THE FIRST INDEX OR ALPHABETICALL TABLE containing the principall matters in the Maps both of ENGLAND and IRELAND the first number noting the Page and the second the Section A Fol. Sect. ABer-Conwey Towne like a Citie 123 6 Aberfrawe the Prince of Wales his Court 99 8 Adelme founder of Malmesbury Monastery 25.8 Adulph reedisieth Peterborow Monastery upon what ocsion 55.7 Iul Agricola his Trench or Fortification limiting the Romane Province 6.9 Saint Albanes Isle 94.8 Saint Albanes Towne and Monastery 39.5 Alcluid i. Dunbritton 132.12 Alesbury wherefore much frequented 43.7 Alexander King of Scots King of the Western Ilands and of Man 92.16 Alfred or Elfred restoreth the Vniversitie of Oxford 45.7 Buildeth Colledges and placeth Readers there ibid. Almanac of Harvest men in Denbigh shire 119.3 Alney Iland 47.10 Amble-side or Amboglana 85 10 Ambresbury Abbey 17.6 25.9 Ancalites where seated 45.4 Anderida Citie 9.4 Andradswald 9.4 S. Annes-well at Buxstones 67.8 Anglesey Isle how confined 99.8 What Cantreds and Commots it hath 99.8 How named and why 125.1 The forme and dimension of it 2 The Aire and Commodities thereof 3 The seat of the Druids 5 How divided Ibid. By whom infested and subdued 9 Hundreds and Townes thereof 126 Antimonium See Stibium Antiquities in West Riding 79.7 Anwicke field 89.10 Appleby Towne and Castle in Westmoreland 85.8 Aquila prophsieth 17.6 Arch-bishops Sees in Britain three 2.14 Armagh an Archiepiscopall and Metropolitane See in Ireland 145.9 Arran Ilands neere Galway 143.6 Arthurs chair an high mountaine 109.4 King Arthurs round Table at Llansanan in Denbighshire 119.6 Prince Arthur keepeth his Court at Ludlow 71.7 Prince Arthur his MonumeÌ„t or Sepulchre 51.5 23.10 Arvon i. Cair-Narvon 99.7 Ashes making ground fruitfull 119.4 Ashbridge much renowned for a feigned Miracle 43.7 Saint Assaph in North-Wales an Episcopall See 99.11 121.9 Astroits the precious stone found at Slugbury in Warwick shire 53.7 Alsoneere Bever 61.3 Attrebatii where planted 27 5 Saint Andree foundresse of Ely 37.5 Saint Andrees Liberties Ibid. Angustine first Archbishop of Canterbury 6.5 Angustines Oke in Worcestershire 51.6 Anteri what people in Ireland 143.5 B Badbury the West-Saxon Kings Court 17.6 Brinbrig an ancient place 79.7 Bala Curi the Bishops Palace of the Isle of Man 91.5 Baldwine the great Forrester of Flaunders 57.2 Banchor or Bangor a Citie and the first Monasterie 121 9 The ruines thereof Ibid. A Bishops See 99.9 Brakley Castle where King Edward the 2. was murdered 47.10 Braklow hils in Essex 31.5 Bark-shire whence it tooke ramâ— 27.1 How it is bounded 27.1 The forme measure and ayre thereof 27.2.3.4 What coÌ„modities it yeeldeth 27.4 By whom anciently inhabited 27.5 What Religious houses it had 27.10 Hundreds and Townes in Barke-shire 28 Barnet field 29.9 Bartholanus his three sons planted in Ireland 137 8 Barwick 89.9 How governed Ibid. The graduation of it Ibid. Battle-bridge 81.7 Battaile-field 9.7 Battaile of Standard 81.7 Bathe in Sommerset-shire what names it had and why so called 23.7 Beault in Brecknock-shire 109 5. Beau-marish why so named See Bonover 125.8 Thomas Becket his Tombe 7.8 Bede a Monke of Weremouth where borne 83 6 Bedford-shire how bounded 41.1 The forme and dimension of it 41.2 The air soile and commodities of Bedford-shire 41.3 The ancient Inhabitants thereof 41.4 Hundreds and Townes therein 42 Bedford Towne and Castle 41.6.7 How described and how governed 41.7 The graduation of it 41 10 Of Beeston Castle a Prophesie 73.9 Belga where seated 13.6 15 6 23.5 25.5 Bellona's Temple in York 78 9 Bennones See Cleicester Benonium See Binchester Berinus the first Archbishop of Dorchester 6.8 His circuit Ibid. The Apostle and Bishop of the West-Saxons Ibid. Preacheth and baptizeth at Oxford 45.4 The Apostle also of the South-Saxons Ibid. Berry sometimes a famous Citie in Shrop-shire 71.9 Berth a Towne in Scotland destroyed by the inundation of Tai 132.16 Y. Bervedhwald the fourth part of North-Wales the bounds commodities cantreds and commots in it 99.11 Bever in Tivi River described 113.3 Beverley a Sanctuary 81.5 Saint Iohn of Beverley Ibid. Bibroces what people 25 5 Binbridge Isle 15.4 Binchester sometimes Benonium 83.9 Sir Richard Bingham his valour and wisedome in repressing Mac-Williams posteritie 143.7 Bishoprickes how many in England and Wales 6.4 Blany people in Ireland 141 4 Blond-raine 15.8 78.9 Charles Blunt Lord Mount-Ioy quenched the rebellion of Tirone 139.9 Bedman the middle Towne of Cornwall 21.8 the climate thereof Ibid. A Bishops See removed to Excester 21.10 Queene Boduo razeth Maldon 31.8 Bone-well in Herefordshire 49 6 Benover now Beau-marish 129 The government and graduation of it Ibid. Borders betweene Scotland and England 6.11 Now the middest of the Empire Ibid. Borow what it signifieth 3.6 Bors-holder or Tithingman 3.6 Bosham in Sussex 9.8 Boskenna Monument or Trophee 21.9 Bovata See Oxgang Bovium See Banâ—hor Bowes an ancient Towne in West-riding 79.7 Brasen armour digged up in Cornwall 21.9 Brasen nose Colledge in Stanford 59.8 Breake-speare See Hadrian the fourth Breertous death in Cheshire presignified 73.9 Brecknock-shire the nature of it 100.21 What Cantreves and Commots it hath
ibid. Brecknock-shire how bounded 109.1 Why so named ibid. The dimension of it 109 2 The nature of the soyle 3 By whom inhabited in old time 4 In Brecknock-shire what Hundreds Townes and memorable places 110 Brecknocke Towne and Castle how seated 109.6 The graduation of it Ibid How governed Ibid. Brigantes in England where seated 75.5 79.4 87.5 83.5 85.5 Brigantes or Birgantes in Ireland whence they tooke name 141.4 Saint Brigid much esteemed in Kildare 141.8 Saint Brioch or Brien a Town in Britain Armorica whence it had denomination 139.6 Saint Briochus where borne and bred 139.6 Bristow a beautifull Citie 23.7 47.8 A County by it selfe 23.7 47.8 How governed 23.7 Great Britaine how far it extends 1.2 The greatest Island of the Roman world ibid. What Countries abut upon it 1.3 Her Eulogies 1.3 4 The site thereof 1.2 Sometime no Island 1.6 Slenderly known to Iulius Caesar 2.8 Divided into Kingdoms in Caesars time 2.9 The supposed divisiō thereof to Brutus three sonnes 2.10 Britaine into three parts divided 99.1 Britaine the lesse in Ptolemy is Ireland 2.11 Britaine great and lesse how to be taken 2.12 Britaine the higher what it is in Dio 2.13 Britaine the lower what it is in Dio ibid. Britaine divided by Severus into two Provinces higher and lower 2.13 Divided into three parts 2 14 Britannia prima secunda maxima Caesariensis 2.14 Britaine divided into five parts 2.15 Prima how limited 2.15 15 Secunda how bounded ibid. Maxima Caesariensis how limited 2.15 Britaine for greatnesse the second Island in the world 137.4 Britaines Conquest highly respected of the Romanes 2 17 Britaines triumph magnificent 2.17 Brittish Brickes 77.6 Brittish Islands which they be 1.3 Buckingham-shire why so called 43.1 How bounded 43.2 The dimension of it ibid. The aire and soile 43.3 The Commodities ibid. By whom in old time inhabited 43.4 Places of Religion therein 43.7 Hundreds Towns therein 44 Buckingham Town how seated 43.5 How governed ibid. The graduation of it ibid. Buleum Silurum 109.5 Bullingbroke the birth-place of King Henry the fourth 63 7 Bur◠a River in Norfolke 35 3 Burgheses 4.7 Burgh under Stanemore 85.8 The same that Vertera ibid. Busie-gap 89.13 Buxston Wells 67.8 C Caer-Caradoc why so called 71.5 Caer-diff the fairest Towne of all South-Wales 105.4 How governed ibid. The site thereof ibid. Caer-diff Castle where Robert Curthose was kept prisoner 105.4 Caer-digan shire how bounded 100.16 113.1 Townes Castles Cantreves and Commots therein 100.16 The County given to Gilbert de Clare 113.5 The forme and dimension thereof 113.2 Commodities thereof 113 4 Hundreds Townes Rivers c. in it 114 Caer-digan Towne upon Tivi 100.16 How seated and by whom fortified 113.7 The graduation thereof ibid. Caer-legion is Westchester 73 7 Caer-leon an Arch-bishops See 6 Caer-lheon upon Vske 110 20 Caer-marden shire how divided into Cantreves Commots 100.18 How it is bounded 103 1 The forme and aire of it 103.2 3 By whom in old time possessed 103 4 The Commodities it yeeldeth ibid. 5 Hundreds Townes c. in it 104 Roman Coyns there found 103.4 Carmarden town what names it hath 103.6 How governed 103.6 The position thereof ibid. Caernarvon-shire how bounded 99.9 123.1 What names it hath 123 1 The forme and dimension of it ibid. 2 The aire and soile ibid. 3 4 In it Pearls engendred 123 5 Cantreves and Commots in it 99.9 By what people in old time inhabited 123.5 Townes Rivers and memorable places 124. Caernarvon Towne or Citie within a Castle 123.6 The civilitie and government thereof 123.6 The position ibid. 99.9 Caer-Segont i. Carnarvon 99.9 Caesaria See Iersey Caledonia Wood in Scotland 123.12 Caledonium or Deucaledonium Sea 99.1 Caledonii 2.12 Calphurnius Father of Saint Patricke 101.7 Camalet Hill in Sommersetshire 23.10 Camalodunum See Malden Cambria Cambri Cambraoc 99.2 Cambridge-shire how named by the Saxons 37.1 How bounded ibid. The length bredth and circumference of it 37.2 Whence it came to be so called 37.4 What Religious houses therein 37.3 Commodities thereof 37 6 Hundreds and Townes therein 38 Cambridge towne and graduation 37.4 Made an Vniversitie ibid. Came a River in Cambridge-shire 37.3 Candal See Kendal Cangi where they inhabited 37.5 Canterbury a very ancient Citie 7.8 The glory and graduation of it 7. ◠Canterburie Arch-bishop Primate of all England 6.7 Metropolitane and his jurisdiction 5.4 King Canute with his Danes overthrowne 17.4 Canutus Delfe See Swords Delfe 57.1 Caractacus a valiant British Prince 71.5 Caresbrooke Castle in the Isle of Wight 15.7 The position or graduation of it ibid. At Carleton in Leicester-shire they wharle in their speech 61.2 Carlilo Citie how seated 87 7 An Episcopall See 87.7 What names it had 87.7 A Colony of Flemmings ibid. The Castle built ibid. The position thereof ibid. Carreg Castle 103.7 Caruca and Carucata what it is 57.3 Casquets what rockes 94.3 Casterford 78.10 Called Legeolium ibid. Cassii what people and where planted 39.4 Castle Cornet in Garnsey 94.8 Castor in Norfolke sometime Venta Icenorum 35.5 Catarick or Cattrick bridge an ancient place 79 7 Cattieuchlani where seated 39.4 41.4 43.4 Catigern slaine in Battle 7 11 A Cave or Chinke yeelding a strange noise 105.6 Cauci people in Ireland 104 4 Ceangi See Cangi Ceaulin defeated by the Britaines dieth in exile 25 6 Robert Cecil the worthy Earle of Salisbury 25.7 Centuriatae or Hundreds why so called 57.3 Ceorle or Churle 4.7 Chamber in the Forrest 73 7 Charlos Duke of Orleance taken prisoner 9.8 Chersey in Buckingham-shire 43.4 Cheese in Essex 31 6 Cheese in Suffolke 33.5 Cheshire how bounded 73 1 The forme ayre and Climate 73.2 3 The soyle ibid. 4 Cheese there the best 73 4 The men described ibid. 5 Chiefe for men and women ibid. Alwayes true and loyall to their Soveraigne ibid. Their Gentry ibid. Made a Principalitie ibid. A Countie Palatine ibid. The Commodities thereof 73.7 Hundreds and Townes therein 74 Chester Citie alias West Chester 73.7 The Minster or Cathedrall Church by whom built 73.7 A Corporation of it selfe 73.7 The position thereof 73.7 Chester Earledome 73.8 Chester in the Street sometime Condercum 83.9 Chichester Citie 9.6 Chichester the Cathedrall Church built and twice burnt ibid. Chichester hath borne the title of an Earledome ibid. The position thereof ibid. Chiltern-hills 43.3 Chirke Castle in Chirkeland 100.12 Chorographicall Tombe of this worke 1.1 Christ his Passion cut in stone by David 2. King of Scots prisoner 65.7 Cidre See Sidre Cimenshore in Sussex why so called 9.7 Cinque Ports 7.5 Circester why called Passerum Vrbi 47.9 How named in old time ibid. Of what circuit in times past ibid. Cites or Kitescote the Monument of Catigern 7.11 Citie built Saint Cuthbert in Farne Isle 93 Clare County See Twomund Clawdh Offa. See Offa ditch Clausentium now Southampton 13.10 Cleicester where it stood 61.7 Cley a part of Nottinghamshire 65.7 Coccles on the top of Mountaines 79.6 Coinage in
Henry the seaventh 101.7 His tomb ibid. Saint Edmunds bury how named in the Saxons time 33.6 Saint Edmunds-Bury Abbey and Towne praised ibid. King Edward the second first of the English Race Prince of Wales 123.6 Murdered by the meanes of Isabel his wife 47.7 Enterred in Glocest. Church where his Monument remaineth ibid. Einesbury alias Arnulphsbury 58.10 Elden hole 67.8 Eleanor wife to King Edward the first commended 63.7 Eleanor widow to King Henry the third becommeth a Nunne 25.9 Elfred or Alfred the first that divided his Kingdomes into Shires 3 4. 5 His noble care in restoring the Vniversitie of Oxford 45 7 Elie 37.5 Ella King of Northumberland slaine 78.9 Elmet 78.10 Elmham a Bishops See 35.8 Emerill stone found in Garnsey 94.6 England on this side Humber how divided into Hides 3.3 Little England beyond Wales 101.4 England shared into Principalities by whom and to what purpose 57.30 Enis-Kelling a strong Fort in Vlster 145.9 Eorles i. Earles 4.7 11 Erdini people in Ireland 145 5 Erminstreet 37.7 Essex why so named 31.1 The forme and dimension 1.2 How bounded ibid. 3 The aire and soile 31.4 The ancient Inhabitants 31.5 What commodities it yeeldeth 31.6 What religious houses therein 31.9 Hundreds and townes therein 32 Excester Citie whence it named that name 19 6 It was a Dukedom Marquisate and Earledome 19 8 The description thereof 19 6 Her magnificent Cathedrall Church by whom built ibid. The Bishops See ibid. It withstood the Saxons 465 yeares ibid. How valiant against all her Sieges ibid. VVhat losses it hath felt ibid. Resisted William Conquerour till the walles fell downe ibid. How loyall to King Edward the sixt ibid. The Climate thereof ibid. How governed ibid. The birth-place of the matchlesse Poet Iosephus Isanus ibid. Exchequer Court first erected 5.3 Exmore Monuments in Devon-shire 19.7 F Falmouth Haven commended 21.7 Farne Isle how bounded 93 The form aire soile and commodities ibid. Feldon or Felden a part of Warwick-shire 53.3 Finborow a Citie where now the Chamber in the Forrest 73.7 Fingall King of Man 9.2 Rich. Fitz-Ralph against Mendicant Friers 145.9 Flamins and Arch-Flamins 6.5 Their places converted into Bishops Sees ibid. Flavia Caesariensis a part of Britaine why so called 2.15 How limited 2.16 Fleg a part of Norfolke 35.1 Flemins inhabiting Rosse in Wales 101.4 Flint-shire how bounded and of what form 121.1 The dimension ibid. 2 The aire and Climate 121 3. 4 The commodities 121.5 The ancient Inhabitants 121.6 Hundreds and Townes there 122 Flint castle by whom founded and finished 121.7 The graduation thereof ibid. Flodden-field 89 10 Foelix Bishop of Dunwich 35.8 A Font of solide brasse 39.5 Forrest both name and thing whence it came 57.2 Forrest justice 57. â— Forresters office ibid. Fotheriaghay Castle and Collegiate Church 55.8 Fouldage in Norfolke what it is 35.2 Fountain ebbing and slowing 85.9 Fountaines Abbey 77.7 Freshwater Isle 15.14 Friburgi 57.4 G Gallena See Wallingford Galloglasses what they are 138.19 Galloway County how commodious 143.4 Galway the third City in Ireland and an Episcopall See 143.6 Gangani a people in Ireland 143.5 Gaothel with his wife Scota come into Ireland 137 11 Garnsay Island how it is situate 94.1 The dimension thereof ibid. The forme of it 942. Sometime called Sarnia 94.1 The government originall and language of the Inhabitants 94 5 8 Market-Townes Castles and Parishes therein 94 8 No Toade Snake or venomous creature there 94.3 Order of the Garter 27.8 Gateshed 89.8 Pierce Gaveston beheaded 53.4 Gessrey ap Arthur of Monmouth why so called 107.4 Geese where they sail as they slie 81.6 Saint Germane confuteth the Pelagian Heresie 77.7 Hâ— sinâ—ieth at Oxford 45.7 Giants teeth and bones digged up 31.8 Giants dance translated out of Leinster to Salisbury Plaine by Merlin 141.14 Gildas the old Britaine Student in Oxford 45.7 Gilling Monastery 79.5 Gisburg Abbey 81.8 Glamorgan-shire how limited 100.19 109.1 What Cantreves and Commots it hath 100 19 The forme and measure of iâ— 105.2 The aire and soile thereof 105.3 The Commodities it standeth upon 10â— 3 Castles and religious houses in it 105.8 Hundreds Townes and memorable places therein 106 Glastenbury Abbey first begunne by Ioseph of Arimathea 23.9 Glocester-shire how it is bounded 47.1 The dimension of it 47.2 The forme aire and soile 47.3 The commodities thereof 47.3 5 By whom in ancient time inhabited 47.4 Hundreds and Towns therein 48 Glocester Citie how called in old time 47.6 A Cathedrall See 47.7 The graduation of it ibid That Dukedome fatall ever to her Dukes 47 11 Godiva Earle Leofrikes wife released Coventry of Tributes by riding naked thorow it 53.5 Godmanchester or Gormanchester 107.4 Godred the sonne of Syrricke King of Man 92.1 His death 92.2 Godred Crovan warreth upon the Manksmen 92.3 Conquereth the Isle of Man and is King 92.3 Buried in Ila an Island ibid. Godred sonne of Olave King of Man 92.7 King of Dublin 92.7 He vanquished and slew Osibeley 92.7 Hee tyrannizeth in Man ibid. Put to slight by Summerled 92.7 King of the Isles also 92.9 His death buriall and issue ibid. Godred Don sonne of Reginald King of the Islands slaine 92.10 Goodwin Sands dangerous shelves 7.6 Gog-Magog 21.1 Gog-Magog hilles 37.7 Grantbridge 37.4 Grantcester an ancient Citie 37.4 Arthur Baron Grey suppresseth Desmonds Rebellion 139.9 Gromebridge in Sussex 9.8 Grounds in the Irish Sea what they be 141.7 Grounds made fruitfull with burning ashes 119 4 Guartiger Maur 111.5 Gwent a part of South-Wales now Monmouth-shire how confined 100.20 How it is divided into Cantreves and Commots ibid. Guith i. the Isle of Wight 15.7 Guy of Warwicke beheadeth Piers of Gaveston 53.4 Guy-Cliffe 53.7 Guorong the Lieutenant of Kent 7.11 H Hadrians Wall limiting the Romane Province in England 6.9 Hadriaâ— 4. Pope where borne and his death 36.6 Hales Monastery 47.11 Blood of Hales ibid. Halifaâ— a great Parish why so called 77.8 Halifas Law ibid. Haly-werke folke 83.6 Hant-shire how bordered upon 13.1 The dimension thereof 13 2 The aire and soil thereof 13.3 4 What Havens Creekes and Casâ—les it hath 13.5 By what people inhabited in old time 13.6 What commodities it yeeldeth 13.8 What Religious Houses Hundreds and Townes therein 13.11 Hardy-Canute his death 11.6 Lord â—ohn Harrington Baron of Exton 59.5 His draught of Rutland-shiâ—â— ibid. Harbâ—h a great towne in Merioâ—th-shire 99.10 Harbâ—h towne castle 117.6 The position thereof 117.7 Harod Godwins sonne King of England vanquisheth Harold Harfager King of Norway 92.1 Harold Olaves sonne King of Man drowned in a tempest 92.12 Havering how it tooke name 31.9 Hawadâ—n Castle 121.7 Heglâ—andmen 2.12 Heil Saxon Idol 17.6 Helbâ—ks 79.3 Hellâ—ettles 83.7 Helâ—et of gold digged up in Liâ—oln-shire 63.6 Henâ—st beheaded 78.10 Henâ— Prince of Wales Duke of â—ornwall Englands great hoâ— 21.6 Henâ— Prince of Scotland haâ—y escapeth death at the sieâ— of Ludlow 71.6 Heâ— the 4. Emperour of Amaine buried in Saint Wâ—burgs Church at Chesteâ— 73.7 Phil Herbert first
de Na. â—erum lib. 2. â—uâ—laeus in Prodâ—mata Arist. Will. Malmes Annales of the Abbey of Winchester Clementin 5. See the Disceptation in the Councell printed aâ— Loran 1517. Armachan 5. Wil. Râ—shing M.S. Wadham Colledge newly builded The bounds of Glocester-shire The Length The Bredth The Forme Wil. Malmes The Soyle The Inhabitants The Commodities Market-towns Glocester City The Graduation Bristow Circester Alexander Necham Marianus Memorable places Barkley Tewkesbury Shel-fish congealed into stones Religious places Dukes and Earles of Glocester The Shires division The mâ—aâ—ure and cirâ—uâ—fâ—rence of this Shire The Climate The ancient Inhabitants Tacitus in vita Agricolae Sutton the Court of King Offa. Herâ—ford the chiefe Citie An. Dom. 1055. Bone-well Marcley Hill Iob 28 9. Esay 40.12 Religious Houses The number of Castles in this Sâ—â—â—e Market-towns The anciâ—nt Saxâ—n name The bounds The forme The length bâ—edth â—nâ— circumference The Aire Aboundant in fruits Cornâ—lius Taâ— in his description of Germany The ancient Inhabitants Worcester the chiefe Citie Canâ—tâ— Dâ—â—mâ—sdayes Boâ—ke King Stephâ—n King Iohn Prince Arthur The Magistracie of the Citie Vpton Malverne Hils No certaine place is reccided of this Oke but held to be in this Shire Many Townes in other Shires belonging to this County Religious Houses Castles The Shires division and Market Townes The bounds of VVarwicke-shire The forme of the Shire The Length The Aire The Feldon Gen. 12.10 The Woodland The ancient Inhabitants The Battles * Or rather of an Elephant being not so little as a yard in length Iohn Rosse The name of Northampton-shire The forme The length The bredth The circumference Sir Tho. Mores â—topia Tacit. Annal. lib. 12. cap. 8. The Commodities of it Northampton the chiefe Towne Hen. Huntingd. King Iohn King Henry the sixt Ann. 1460. A.D. 1261. Peterborow An D. 546. An. D. 960. Katharine Dowager of Spaine Queene Mary Religious Houses King Edward the sixth Edward Richard Castles 1. Maxey 2. Fothringhay 3. Bâ—rnwels 4. Rockingham 5. Goddington 6. Brabroke 7. Heigham 8. Northampton 9. Benifeild 10 Alderingham Market towns Ptolem. Chro. Saxâ—nica Iugulph Croulandâ— gist Abbat de Chertsey Malmesâ—â—â— Teg. Alfred Registrum S. Albam 12. Hen. 7.17 Flucux Leg. Cama Sax. Lect. divers saper Stat. de Foresta Lib. Domesday Rot. Forest. in 〈◊〉 de Comit. Rutlâ—nd 33. Hen. 3. Gerâ—â—s Tilb. de nâ—cess obs 〈◊〉 Liber Niger in 〈◊〉 Iob. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Itine Foresiae Histor. Iornalensis Mat. West Hist. Dor. â—aus A. 7. Eâ— 1. Râ—t Car. A. 28. 29. Ed. primi in arch Tur. Lâ—nd Placit in Bane Reg. Hil. 33. Eliz. Liber Niger in 〈◊〉 33. Lib. Domesday pro Comitaâ— Hunt Sâ—rasâ—am Reg. Mâ—â—â—â—t S. Petri de Bargo 〈◊〉 in 〈…〉 Epi. 〈◊〉 Domes Ex Heji Elicus cap. 13. 42. Et pia a st apud Cant. 14. Ed. 1. Ex R 4. in arch Tâ—r. Lonâ— de Haâ—â— in 〈◊〉 Hund. Ex Regiâ— Rom. vocat Dearslether in Scaâ—â—ar 13. Edw. 3. f. Brâ—â—f 241. Ex lib. rub in Sâ—â—c in quo volunt H. 2. Ex lib. Domes Ex Rot. comp in Scac. Tacitus de morâ—â—â— Germ. Leg. S. Ed. c 7.19 Leg. H. pri c. 22. Ex Carâ— Hen. primi de libertaâ—ibus Leg H pri c. 10. Regist. Elieud 2 Leg. Her primi Ex Cart. Regis Wâ—ll primi Remigio Ep. Lincoln Leg. Hen. 1. Giâ—al 〈◊〉 in Simb Elect. Domesday in sine in com Hun. Marian Scotus Hen. Hunting Regist. Prior de Hun. Domesday Ex num 〈◊〉 antiquae Ex. cit Waltheoph com Hunt Ex Benedicto Monacho in vita Hen. 2. Ex inquisit de Feodâ—â— milit Ex carta originalâ— Daâ—id Comitis Ex cartis amiquis in Tur. Lond. Ex Rot cur augment Ex cart amiquis Itiner Iob. â—elandâ— Exâ—ct de Quo Warranto temp Edw. primi Parliam 50. Edw. 3. Excart Reg. Iob. in Arch. Tur. Lond. Ramsey insula arictis Ex Regist. Ram. Eâ—â—lesiae Ex vita Abbat Rams Matth. Paris Hist. Major Chron. Ioh. de Walingford Monach. S. Albani Ex lib. de translat S. Iuonis Ex Regist. tertarium Monast. Ram. Cart. Hen. 3. Rot. de Quo Warrant Edw. Primi Broughton Ex protest Original sub sigil Convent Gocclinus in vita S. Iuonis Capgrave Leg. Sanct. Angliae Ex Lib. transla S. Iuonis Hist Elicus l. 2. Ex vita Episco Elicus Eâ—â—â— Lib. Domes Regist. Priorat de Bernwell Ex Inquis in Arch. Tur. Lond. Ex Evident Familiae Domesday Cart. Hen. 8. Ex Certificat Com. temp H.S. Domesday Cart. Regis Iob. Ex Chron. Ab bat de Lecest. Ex Regist. S. Mar. de Lincoln Rot. Hundred de Leightoniâ— E. 1. Cart. Reg. Iohn Rot. Hun. Ed. 1. Ex vita S. Neai Ex Regist. Priorat S. Nâ—ott Lib. Domesd. Eschet temp drâ—ers Râ—g Râ—â— Hâ—nd temp Ed 1. Frâ—sard Domesday Rot. Hund. dâ—â—ousâ—and Chron. Saxon. Domesday Cart. Reg. Iâ—hn Rot. de Quo Warranto Edâ— primi Viâ—a S. Maâ—â—uâ— * Caâ—â—ideâ— The bounds of this Shire The forme and occasion of the name Many places named from the nature of their soyle The dimension of it Ayre Soyle The Lord Harrington Okham Royaltie Homigers to the Lord Harrington The Earle of Lincolne The ancient people Romanes Saxons Normans King William the Câ—â—qâ—â—rour The 〈◊〉 of the Fâ—rrâ—â—s Stanford not sâ—â—ted in this Sâ—ire * Stanford an Vniversitie untill Augustines time Brasen-nose Colledge in Stanford Two Market-townes onely in this Shiâ—e The Sâ—iâ—es partition At Cole Overton in Gas coâ—e hundred The Aire The Soyle Commodities Leicester Citie the Center of the Shire The names of Leicester Geffrey Monâ— Leicester a Bishops See An. D. 914. Leicester destroyed through the Rebellion of Robert Crouch-backe Camden The Citizens grievously used King Richard the third A drinking for horses made of his stone Coffin Places of note Camden Maria. Scotus Bosworth-field in Anno 1485. August 22. Religious houses built and suppressed The Shires division The length of this Shirâ— The Ayre The Forme The Soyle Commodities Plin. Nat. Hist. Greg. Agric. Mineral lâ—b Market-Townes Lincolne the chiefe Towne An. D. 516. An. D. 940. An. D. 1140. An. D. 1217. An. D. 1123. An. 1186. Wil. Malmes Ann. 1536. Ann. 1549. Castles 1. Nicole 2. Clifford 3. Brumâ—e 4. Stanford 5. Bâ—â—am 6. Swinâ—shead The name of Nottingham The Borders The Forme The Ayre Commodities Battels Nottingham Râ—g Hoved. Asserius Iâ—gulâ—his Hen Hunting Places of Religion erected and suppressed The Shires division The bounds of Darby-scire The forme The Length The Bredth The Circumference The Aire The Soyle The ancient people Tacit. An. l. 12. cap 8. The Commodities Pliny Darby Athelward Saint Maries Bridge Little-Chester Repton Melborne Buxton Well Elden-hole Devils Arse in the Peake Religious houses The division of Darby-shire The ancient name of this Shire The confineâ— of it The forme and dimâ—nsitude The Aire The Soyle * Cornavii the ancient people of it Tamworth An. D. 911. Beda The commodities of it Ten Rivers Stafford the chief Towne Iohn Capgrave King Iohn King Edward the sixt Dukes of
North-wales * D. Pow. Hist. of Wales Powys between Wye and Severne the second part belonging to Mathraval Powys Wenwynwyn the third part of Mathraval South-wales the third Kingdome Cardigan the first part of South-wales The towne of Caerdigan Dyvet or Pembroke the second part of South-wales Caermarden-shire the third part of South-wales Glamorgan-shire the fourth part of South-wales Gwent the fifth part of South-wales Brecknock-shire the sixt part of South-wales * An. 35. c. 25. * An. 27. c. 27. Pembroke-shire bounds The Forme The Ayre Giral Cambden The ancient Inhabitants Henry the first planted Netherlanders in this Shire W. Malm. lib. 5. The Commodities Pembroke the chiefe Town S. Davids Edmund Earle of Richmond Castles 1. Kilgarren 2. Newport 3. Marberbury 4. Walwin cast 5. Roch cast 6. The Block-house 7. Haverford 8. Benton 9. Carew cast 10. Red castle 11. Narbarth 12. Pickton 13. Rise cast 14. Castle Bigh 15. Castle Male. 16. Hayes The name of this Shire The Forme The Aire The ancient Inhabitants of this Shire Tacitus in vita Agricolâ— Cambden The commodities The chiefe Town Meâ—lin a phantastiâ—all Wizard Carreg-Castle The Rivers and Market-Towns How this Shire took his name The Forme of it and measure The Aire Tave the chief River Caerdif the chiefe Towne of all South-Wales Beauclark Curthose The graduation of Caâ—dif Landaffe Giraldus Things of strange note Clemens Alex. Stromat â—â— 7. A strange Well â—olybius Minyd-Maâ—â—â—â— The number of Castles in this Shire Religious Houses The division of this Shire The name of Monmouth-shire The borders of Monmouth-shire The Forme The Ayre The Soyle The ancient Inhabitants In the life of Tathie In Itinerar Cambr. Giral Monmouth Towre King Henry the fifth borne in Monmouth Religious houses suppressed Castles Market-towns The Shires division Girald Cambr. The bounds of Breknock-shire The length and breadth Girald in lib. â—iuer Camb. The nature of the Soile The ancient Inhabitants Tacitus in vita Agricola Arthurs Chaire Llynsauathans Meere Girald Cambr. The Market Townes Breknock The divisions The bounds of Radnor-shire The forme The Circuit The Ayre The Soyle The ancient people Tacitus in vita Agricola Polychron Anno 1282. Radnor In the Book of Notices Cambden Prestayn Knighton In his Polycraton Iohn Salubâ—â—y Raihader Gowy The ancient name Limiâ—â— The Forme Dimensitie Aire Soyle The Beaver in former time found here The Salmon The Salmons Leape The commodities of this Shire The ancient people Iuli. Frontinus King Rufus King Henry the first Cardigan the chiefe Towne The wals of it The Castle The graduation Market Townes Religious houses Hoveden Llan-Deui-breui The Pelagian heresie refuted The Shires division The bounds of Mountgomery-shire The forme Severne The Inhabitants Market-Townes The Earle The Shires division The borders of Merioneth Sbire The forme Giraldus Wil. Mal. The Inhabitants Anno D 1282. The Townes Pimble-meare d ee Harloch The limits The forme and Dimensitude The Ayre The harvest-mans Almanack The Soyle Good husbandry The ancient Inhabitants King Edward the first The Commodities Moillenlly hill King Arthurs round Table Denbigh the chiefe Towne The fairest of all North-Wales An Earthquake The Magistracie of Denbigh Graduation of it This Shire and others not divided in the Map The Shire division Market-towns Castles Parishes The limits of it The circumference The Ayre The climate Soyle d ee River Commodities Inhabitants Castles Flâ—ntâ—astle â—astle the chiefest Henry 2. Edward 1. Richard 2. Hawarden Castle Coles-hill Fons Sacer. A Spring arising miraculously A Chappell built over it The strange opinion held of this Spring Kilken Banchor Bedaes report of Banchor Monastery Port Hogham and Port Cleis Varis Vale. Llan-Elwy or Asaph Kentigern Bishop of Glasco His Monastery The Governour of it Basingwarke Offaeâ— Ditch The Shires division The divers names of this Shire The Welsh turn M into V or F. So Caer-merdhin Caer-Frydhin Luid Breu. of Brit. The measure The Ayre The Soyle Very unpasseable British Alpes Snowdon Hills The People Pearles Places of note Seioni Ninnius Mat. Westminst Caernarvon Caernarvon in danger of the Sea The Government of it King Edward the second borne at Caernarvon Banâ—hor Owen Glendowerdwy Conwey River Caer-hean Aber-Conwey Florilegus The Fish Torcoch Market-towns The first name The forme Length Bredth Aire Commodities A Welsh Proverbe Grindstones Alome Inhabitants Roman Governour Jnvaded by the Irish. Edward the first Beau-mariso chiefe town The Government of Beau-marish Antique Religious houses Many English Nobilitie there buried The partition of this Shire M. Timothy Ponn Cambde Britâ—in dâ—script Pict English Annals Beda lib. 1. c. 1. * Hect. Boet. lib. cap. 12. That Law was made by King Edwin the 3. * Which is yet called the Merchets of women How Ireland hath been named in times past The divers names of Ireland Orpheus Aristotle Eulogiâ—m Ptol Geogr. c. 1. Ireland a Westerne Island In his publike readings in Paris upon Pomponius Mela. Vaine conjectures Festus Avienus in his Orae maritimae No venâ—mous Beasts in Ireland Ireland called Scotia Ireland the third Iland for largenesse in the world The forme of Ireland The bounds The ayre Pompon Mela. The plenty Giral Cambre The soyle The danger Commodities Pompon Mela. Mantles Horses Bees The ancient Inhabitants Bartholanus one of Noahs progenie His three sons Languinna Salanus Ruthurgus Giants of the stock of Nimrod Starius Garbancles Anuinus Fergusius Gandius Geuandius Sâ—gandus Rutheranius Slanius Ireland divided into five Provinces Irish British wordâ— agree Tacit. in vita Agricolae Ireland never subject to the Romanes Orâ—sius The manners and customes of the wilde Irish. Strabo Mela lib. 3. Soli. cap. 24. Giraldus Cam. The mortall disposition of the Irish. The fantasticall conceits of the Irish. Superstitious of the Irish. Their grosse Idolatry Many wives The attire of the men The attire of the women Their manner in Warre Their ridiculous conceits Their excessive mourning for their dead Their diet Christianitie in Ireland Vincentius li. 3. cap. 7. Pro. Aquitanus An. D. 431. Ninius Henricus Antisiodorenfis Strife for Patrickes bones The life of S. Patricke The Bounds South North. East West The length from South to North. The bredth from East to West The Forme Ayre Soyle Good and commodious Ancient Inhabitants Luceni West Velabri West Vicermi West Oudiae South or Vodiae South Coriondi South A supposall touching the Luceni The riâ—h commodities of Mounster Spaniards and Portugals make here a good profit by fishing Limericke the chieâ—e of this Province Fortified by King Iohn Ann. 1332. What happened in this City by Insolencie by Valour The graduation of it Corke Citie Encompassâ—d with wiâ—d Irish that often infest it The Irish Marriages Waterford the second Citie in Ireland Alwayes loyall to the English Crowne King Henry the sâ—venth his bountie to it Christianitie in Ireland how it decayed Men turned into Wolfe-men The effects of Melancholy A ridiculous opinion Of mute souldiers in battell A good motive for the converting of the Irish to Christ. The Pope and King of Spains bad dealings Desmonds rebellion suppressed by the Lord Gray 8000. Spaniards landed in Ireland Tyrones rebellion extinguished by the Lord Montioy Windes Dearth Famine Ann. 1330. what hapned More the same yeare Ann. 1317. the effects of it Ann. 1331. a miraculous reliefe Religious places An unprobable opinion of the Crosse of Christ. The Irish misled by fault of their teachers The government of this Province The old division of it The new at this day King Henry the seconds grant King Henry the sixts grant Market towns Castles At Dunkeran At Dungarvan At Limericke Shandon Castle Cahir Castle The bounds The forme The Aire The Soile Divelin destitute of word Inhabitants Commodities The three Sisters The Grounds Kilkenny Kildare Wexford Divelin The antiquitie Divelin 〈◊〉 by Haâ—â—â—â— K. of England Divelin is the Royall seat of Ireland Henry the second Henry Loundres Iohn Comin Arch-bishop of Divelâ—â— Henry the fourth Edward the sixt The Irish mischievous one against another The Irish wast Leinster The Irish of Leinster raise warre The Giants Dance The Religious places Market Townes The bounds The forme Ayre Soyle Twomond Galway Maio. Slego Le-Trim Roscomen The ancient Inhabitants The Citie of Galway The Ilands called Arran A superstitious observation The battell of Knoc-toe An. D. 1516. The rebellion of the posteritie of Mac-William Sir Richard Bingham The Rebels scattered They submitted themselves They entred into rebellion afresh They yeelded againe and were received Three thousand Scots drowned at Moin A slaughter of the Irish of Connaught Places memorable Inis Ceath Inis Bovind A Monastery at Maio. Beda lib. 4. c. 4. Curlew hills The Abbey of Beatitude Castles Market towns The bounds of Vlster The forme The ayre The soile Plenty of Salmons Negligence of husbandmen The ancient Inhabitants Their custome to sweare by S. Patrickes Staffe Their custome to chuse their King S. Patrickes Purgatory Ellan u'Frugadoric Matters memorable The Arch-bishop of Canterbury wont to consecrate the Bishops of Ireland Irishmen wont to forsake their wives at their pleasure Armagh Vita Patricii Marian Scotus S. Patricke lived and died here S. Malachy Rich Fitz-Ralf Enis Kelling The Salmons Leape Places of Religion Market-towns Castles The division of Vlster