month_n his_o severity_n and_o the_o mutability_n of_o those_o people_n cause_v his_o ruin_n one_o mahomet_n be_v put_v into_o his_o place_n and_o reign_v one_o year_n four_o month_n and_o twenty_o two_o day_n and_o then_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o citizen_n the_o same_o befall_v hiaya_n the_o son_n of_o hali_n who_o be_v of_o the_o other_o faction_n and_o have_v be_v before_o proclaim_a king_n he_o be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n slay_v at_o malaga_n whither_o as_o be_v say_v he_o have_v retire_v when_o he_o have_v reign_v in_o cordova_n only_o three_o month_n and_o twenty_o day_n after_o this_o idric_n brother_n to_o hali_n and_o uncle_n to_o hiaya_n be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o africa_n where_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o ceuta_n to_o take_v the_o crown_n this_o man_n be_v come_v into_o spain_n what_o on_o account_n of_o his_o kindred_n with_o the_o other_o two_o and_o what_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n sevil_n almeria_n and_o other_o neighbour_a city_n the_o inland_n continue_v under_o hissem_n for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o hiaya_n the_o people_n of_o cordova_n have_v reinthron_v he_o unless_o it_o be_v another_o of_o the_o same_o name_n those_o citizen_n make_v choice_n of_o for_o these_o affair_n be_v very_o dark_a the_o extravagancy_n of_o minister_n common_o turn_v to_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o master_n as_o happen_v to_o hissem_n for_o his_o alhagib_n or_o viceroy_n be_v cruel_a and_o covetous_a be_v kill_v and_o the_o king_n expel_v his_o city_n in_o that_o confusion_n a_o youth_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o humeyas_n be_v assist_v by_o a_o company_n of_o wild_a young_a fellow_n enter_v the_o palace_n and_o desire_v of_o the_o soldier_n to_o proclaim_v he_o king_n they_o excuse_v themselves_o with_o the_o disloyalty_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o advise_v he_o to_o take_v warning_n by_o so_o many_o as_o have_v perish_v before_o he_o to_o this_o he_o answer_v call_v i_o king_n to_o day_n and_o kill_v i_o to_o morrow_n such_o be_v the_o inordinate_a desire_n of_o reign_v nevertheless_o this_o man_n and_o hissem_n with_o all_o the_o abenhumeyas_n as_o the_o causer_n of_o all_o these_o confusion_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o the_o town_n by_o the_o citizen_n hissem_n tire_v with_o so_o many_o change_n of_o fortune_n at_o last_o come_v to_o zaragoça_n where_o he_o be_v well_o receive_v by_o zulema_n abenbut_n king_n of_o that_o city_n who_o give_v he_o a_o castle_n call_v alçuela_fw-mi where_o he_o spend_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o life_n as_o a_o private_a man._n d._n roderick_n the_o archbishop_n who_o give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o last_o king_n of_o cordova_n somewhat_o more_o obscure_a than_o it_o be_v set_v down_o here_o do_v not_o mention_v what_o become_v of_o idric_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a in_o such_o confusion_n to_o be_v plain_a we_o can_v only_o add_v that_o from_o this_o time_n forward_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o moor_n which_o for_o so_o many_o year_n have_v mantain_v itself_o in_o great_a power_n and_o splendour_n in_o spain_n so_o visible_o decay_v that_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o sovereignty_n for_o every_o one_o that_o can_v possess_v himself_o of_o a_o city_n call_v himself_o principality_n king_n of_o it_o jahuar_fw-mi seize_v cordova_n albudazin_n sevil._n haytan_n he_o that_o at_o first_o assist_v hissem_n and_o then_o become_v his_o enemy_n secure_v toledo_n some_o will_v have_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n to_o be_v more_o ancient_n because_o that_o city_n often_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n other_o kingdom_n be_v erect_v in_o other_o city_n too_o long_o and_o confuse_a to_o insert_v here_o it_o will_v suffice_v to_o know_v that_o these_o sovereignty_n continue_v till_o the_o powerful_a family_n of_o the_o almoravide_n come_v into_o spain_n with_o their_o king_n thesephin_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1091._o let_v we_o turn_v back_o now_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o christian_n under_o the_o earl_n d._n sancho_n and_o king_n alonso_n chap._n ix_o the_o last_o action_n of_o d._n alonso_n king_n of_o leon_n and_o his_o death_n the_o reign_n of_o d._n bermudo_n the_o three_o his_o son_n sancho_n earl_n of_o castille_n poison_n his_o mother_n his_o son_n garcia_n murder_v d._n sancho_n earl_n of_o castille_n desire_v to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o leon_n that_o be_v his_o ally_n enter_v the_o kingdom_n moor_n of_o toledo_n put_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n to_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o same_o havoc_n be_v make_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o cordova_n whither_o our_o force_n advance_v encourage_v with_o their_o success_n in_o both_o place_n a_o great_a booty_n of_o captive_n and_o cattle_n be_v take_v though_o the_o harm_n be_v great_a much_o more_o be_v the_o terror_n this_o strike_v into_o the_o infidel_n who_o be_v embroil_v in_o civil_a war_n can_v not_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n so_o that_o they_o who_o not_o long_o before_o keep_v the_o christian_n peace_n in_o continual_a fear_n be_v now_o force_v to_o buy_v a_o peace_n at_o a_o dear_a sepulveda_n a_o town_n on_o the_o frontier_n also_o osma_n santistevan_n de_fw-fr gormaz_n and_o other_o town_n take_v by_o the_o moor_n in_o the_o last_o war_n be_v now_o recover_v from_o this_o time_n some_o anthor_n write_v the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n be_v exempt_v from_o follow_v the_o war_n at_o their_o own_o cost_n only_o upon_o the_o hope_n of_o booty_n and_o it_o be_v ordain_v they_o shall_v receive_v pay_v as_o be_v use_v in_o all_o other_o country_n d._n sancho_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n blemish_v the_o honour_n gain_v in_o this_o expedition_n by_o the_o death_n he_o put_v his_o mother_n he_o to_o she_o fall_v in_o love_n with_o a_o lewd_a brawny_a moor_n and_o dare_v not_o marry_v he_o not_o so_o much_o for_o any_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n as_o for_o fear_n of_o her_o son_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o murder_v he_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o make_v way_n to_o her_o infamous_a wedding_n the_o do_v be_v prepare_v to_o poison_n he_o but_o the_o earl_n have_v intelligence_n of_o it_o force_v his_o mother_n by_o way_n of_o respect_n to_o drink_v first_o of_o the_o cup_n she_o offer_v he_o hence_o some_o think_v spring_v the_o custom_n use_v in_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n to_o make_v the_o woman_n drink_v before_o the_o men._n other_o author_n write_v that_o a_o lady_n belong_v to_o the_o countess_n have_v see_v she_o prepare_v the_o do_v give_v notice_n to_o her_o husband_n who_o some_o call_v sancho_n del_fw-it valle_n de_fw-fr espinosa_n and_o he_o to_o the_o earl_n and_o thereby_o obtain_v that_o privilege_n enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n by_o the_o family_n of_o monteros_n de_fw-fr espinosa_n of_o guard_v the_o king_n person_n by_o night_n true_a it_o be_v i_o find_v no_o good_a ground_n to_o believe_v this_o relation_n but_o it_o be_v so_o record_v and_o the_o people_n of_o that_o town_n affirm_v it_o as_o a_o certain_a truth_n they_o add_v that_o the_o earl_n to_o atone_v for_o this_o fault_n and_o allay_v the_o hatred_n the_o people_n have_v conceive_v against_o he_o build_v a_o monastery_n for_o nun_n and_o in_o honour_n of_o his_o mother_n give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o ona_n which_o monastery_n sancho_n the_o great_a king_n of_o navarre_n give_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o cluni_n and_o in_o our_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a in_o that_o country_n d._n sancho_n by_o his_o wife_n da._n vrraca_n have_v d._n garcia_n da._n nuna_n da._n teresa_n and_o da._n trigida_n the_o two_o elder_a daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o great_a man_n trigida_n be_v abbess_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o ona_n about_o the_o same_o time_n d._n sancho_n make_v a_o new_a way_n for_o issue_n stranger_n to_o travel_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n through_o navarre_n rioja_n briviesca_n and_o the_o country_n of_o burgos_n before_o this_o time_n the_o christian_a dominion_n be_v of_o a_o small_a extent_n the_o pilgrim_n that_o come_v out_o of_o france_n use_v to_o travel_v with_o much_o difficulty_n through_o biscay_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o asturias_n where_o the_o way_n be_v uncouth_a and_o there_o be_v a_o general_a want_n of_o all_o necessary_n king_n alonso_z enjoy_v a_o perfect_a peace_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n among_o the_o moor_n and_o the_o league_n that_o be_v between_o the_o christian_a prince_n give_v his_o mind_n whole_o to_o the_o civil_a government_n and_o hold_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n or_o parliament_n at_o oviedo_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1020._o in_o this_o parliament_n the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v correct_v 1020._o the_o king_n at_o his_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n rebuilt_a the_o city_n
the_o province_n betica_n or_o andaluzia_n where_o they_o total_o subvert_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o phocencian_n the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v not_o know_v but_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o commotion_n in_o that_o province_n as_o also_o the_o first_o that_o suffer_v for_o they_o at_o carthage_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o hamilcar_n the_o city_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o edi_n and_o barcini_n about_o name_v he_o a_o successor_n but_o at_o last_o by_o the_o interest_n of_o hannibal_n asdrubal_n be_v appoint_v for_o that_o command_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 524._o asdrubal_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o spain_n the_o year_n follow_v return_v to_o carthage_n 524._o hope_v to_o get_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o be_v hamilcar_n disappoint_v be_v glad_a to_o reassume_v his_o command_n in_o spain_n he_o find_v the_o province_n in_o peace_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o build_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o contestani_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n a_o city_n which_o be_v call_v new_a carthage_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o found_v by_o hamilcar_n on_o the_o river_n ebro_n this_o city_n have_v a_o good_a harbour_n secure_v from_o all_o wind_n by_o high_a hill_n which_o encompass_v it_o round_o leave_v only_o a_o narrow_a channel_n to_o pass_v into_o it_o opposite_a to_o which_o be_v a_o small_a island_n first_o call_v herculea_n then_o by_o the_o latin_n scombraria_n of_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o fish_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n thereabouts_o former_o the_o city_n be_v inferior_a to_o none_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o its_o wall_n beauty_n of_o the_o building_n nobility_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o citizen_n at_o present_a it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o small_a number_n of_o inhabitant_n yet_o retain_v some_o footstep_n of_o its_o grandeur_n and_o be_v call_v carthagena_n the_o roman_n understanding_n what_o be_v do_v in_o spain_n and_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n endeavour_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o people_n of_o marseilles_n to_o settle_v some_o alliance_n in_o spain_n it_o be_v no_o difficult_a task_n for_o they_o to_o compass_v their_o design_n all_o the_o people_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n ampurias_fw-la be_v the_o first_o city_n that_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v seat_v among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v indegetes_n that_o border_v on_o the_o laletani_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o ceretani_fw-la on_o the_o other_o and_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n than_o sameroca_n now_o sambucha_n to_o the_o ryrenean_n hill_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o those_o of_o ampurias_fw-la saguntum_n and_o denia_n come_v into_o the_o league_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o bloody_a war_n that_o soon_o after_o ensue_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n but_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o wink_v at_o they_o till_o all_o thing_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v in_o order_n to_o which_o though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n he_o obtain_v of_o the_o senate_n to_o send_v hannibal_n into_o spain_n at_o his_o arrival_n the_o soldier_n and_o his_o friend_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n and_o asdrubal_n declare_v he_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 528._o at_o this_o time_n come_v into_o spain_n ambassador_n from_o rome_n who_o propose_v that_o whereas_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n 528._o be_v friend_n and_o confederate_n and_o that_o there_o be_v of_o late_a alliance_n between_o the_o say_a roman_n and_o some_o of_o the_o people_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la therefore_o to_o prevent_v all_o misunderstanding_n and_o that_o neither_o may_v encroach_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o other_o the_o river_n ebro_n shall_v be_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a province_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o saguntum_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o that_o river_n they_o shall_v not_o intrude_v upon_o their_o liberty_n in_o fine_a that_o none_o shall_v offer_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o other_o this_o embassy_n be_v very_o ungrateful_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n think_v it_o too_o great_a a_o presumption_n in_o the_o roman_n to_o give_v law_n to_o the_o conqueror_n in_o their_o own_o province_n however_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o time_n till_o they_o be_v better_o provide_v to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n and_o therefore_o agree_v to_o all_o the_o ambassador_n demand_v and_o the_o more_o because_o they_o understand_v the_o gaul_n have_v be_v defeat_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o 40000_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o 10000_o take_v the_o ambassador_n be_v go_v asdrubal_n spend_v three_o year_n in_o provide_v all_o necessary_n for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v but_o death_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o his_o proceed_n for_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o a_o slave_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o master_n who_o name_n be_v tagus_n a_o noble_a 532._o spaniard_n that_o have_v be_v slay_v by_o asdrubal_n the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o 139_o olympiad_n and_o 532._o of_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n so_o great_a be_v the_o satisfaction_n this_o slave_n receive_v in_o kill_v of_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o altar_n as_o he_o be_v offer_v sacrifice_n that_o though_o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o exquisite_a torment_n he_o never_o express_v the_o least_o sense_n of_o pain_n but_o bear_v all_o with_o a_o cheerful_a and_o smile_a countenance_n chap._n iii_o the_o beginning_n progress_n and_o end_n of_o the_o saguntine_n war_n with_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o that_o city_n asdrubal_n be_v slay_v as_o above_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n be_v confer_v upon_o his_o brother-in-law_n spain_n hannibal_n he_o be_v then_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v 26_o year_n of_o age_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n endow_v with_o excellent_a natural_a part_n but_o no_o less_o incline_v to_o vice_n of_o body_n hardy_a as_o inure_v to_o labour_n his_o mind_n generous_a and_o more_o covetous_a of_o honour_n than_o ease_n his_o boldness_n be_v extraordinary_a his_o prudence_n and_o secrecy_n nothing_o inferior_a all_o these_o virtue_n be_v darken_v by_o his_o treachery_n cruelty_n and_o irreligion_n yet_o be_v he_o esteem_v and_o general_o belove_v by_o all_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o government_n and_o fear_v lest_o death_n shall_v cut_v he_o off_o as_o have_v happen_v to_o asdrubal_n his_o only_a study_n be_v how_o to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o find_v some_o colour_n and_o pretence_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v first_o to_o break_v with_o saguntum_n to_o revenge_v some_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o ally_n before_o he_o enter_v upon_o this_o great_a undertake_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o celebrate_v his_o nuptial_n with_o himilce_a a_o native_a of_o castulon_n than_o a_o noble_a city_n where_o now_o stand_v the_o poor_a cottage_n of_o cazlona_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n baeza_n where_o be_v still_o some_o footstep_n of_o its_o greatness_n this_o lady_n be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o milico_n a_o ancient_a king_n of_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o cyrrheus_fw-la the_o phocensian_a from_o who_o also_o she_o be_v descend_v have_v found_v that_o city_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o his_o mother_n castulona_n her_o dower_n be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o power_n of_o hannibal_n hereby_o much_o increase_v because_o the_o people_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o their_o countryman_n and_o friend_n in_o his_o time_n also_o and_o by_o his_o order_n be_v discover_v several_a mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v call_v hannibal_n well_n we_o may_v guess_v at_o the_o treasure_n these_o mine_n yield_v by_o one_o of_o they_o call_v bebelus_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v record_v there_o be_v daily_o take_v 300_o pound_n weight_n of_o pure_a silver_n hannibal_n first_o war_n be_v against_o the_o carpetani_n that_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a nation_n and_o which_o in_o number_n of_o man_n exceed_v any_o other_o in_o spain_n of_o these_o the_o olcades_n where_o now_o ocana_n stand_v though_o stephanus_n place_v they_o near_o the_o river_n ebro_n be_v the_o first_o subdue_v then_o near_o unto_o tagus_n be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n in_o which_o the_o native_n be_v defeat_v at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o arise_v difference_n among_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n which_o serve_v to_o make_v way_n for_o their_o enemy_n who_o let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n to_o quell_v these_o tumult_n the_o wise_a sort_n have_v recourse_n to_o rome_n whence_o at_o their_o
her_o husband_n to_o succeed_v in_o the_o government_n as_o be_v a_o woman_n of_o a_o manly_a spirit_n and_o in_o great_a power_n for_o that_o when_o she_o return_v to_o castille_n her_o father_n give_v she_o the_o town_n of_o valladolid_n munon_n curiel_n and_o santistevan_n de_fw-fr gormaz_n this_o lady_n not_o only_o bear_v this_o great_a burden_n but_o out_o of_o her_o own_o revenue_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o the_o crown_n her_o virtue_n can_v never_o be_v too_o much_o extol_v her_o prudence_n devotion_n justice_n and_o care_n of_o the_o government_n be_v not_o to_o be_v parallel_v yet_o multitude_n of_o business_n and_o the_o love_n of_o retirement_n make_v her_o uneasy_a some_o who_o make_v their_o own_o end_n by_o dive_v into_o the_o affection_n of_o prince_n soon_o discover_v this_o fail_n particular_o the_o three_o brother_n of_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n alvero_n ferdinand_n and_o gonzalo_n son_n to_o d._n nuno_n earl_n of_o lara_n who_o be_v use_v to_o rule_n will_v castille_n not_o let_v slip_n this_o opportunity_n of_o seize_v upon_o the_o government_n they_o value_v not_o the_o king_n as_o be_v a_o infant_n nor_o his_o sister_n because_o she_o be_v a_o woman_n their_o resolution_n be_v to_o compass_v their_o end_n though_o the_o mean_n be_v never_o so_o foul_a two_o thing_n concur_v towards_o forward_v their_o purpose_n one_o be_v that_o a_o private_a man_n call_v garci_n lorenço_o a_o native_a of_o plasencia_n have_v great_a interest_n with_o the_o lady_n berengaria_n he_o be_v a_o subtle_a fellow_n they_o promise_v he_o the_o town_n of_o tablada_n which_o he_o much_o covet_v as_o a_o reward_n of_o his_o good_a service_n in_o case_n he_o forward_v their_o project_n the_o other_o be_v the_o absence_n of_o roderick_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o only_o by_o his_o prudence_n and_o authority_n be_v able_a to_o disappoint_v all_o these_o contrivance_n he_o be_v go_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o lateran_n council_n assemble_v by_o pope_n innocent_n thither_o council_n resort_v 412_o prelate_n 71_o of_o which_o be_v archbishop_n beside_o the_o patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o constantinople_n those_o of_o antioch_n and_o alexandria_n come_v not_o themselves_o but_o send_v their_o deputy_n the_o number_n of_o other_o priest_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v many_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n be_v handle_v in_o this_o council_n but_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o renew_v the_o war_n in_o the_o holy-land_n and_o quiet_v france_n then_o embroil_v by_o the_o heretic_n this_o council_n be_v open_v in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n and_o in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n john_n lateran_n among_o all_o the_o prelate_n roderick_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n signalise_v himself_o make_v a_o latin_a speech_n so_o set_v off_o with_o variety_n of_o other_o language_n that_o the_o father_n in_o admiration_n say_v the_o like_a have_v not_o be_v hear_v since_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n here_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o church_n of_o toledo_n be_v debate_v for_o that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o taragona_n braga_n santiago_n and_o narbonne_n will_v not_o acknowledge_v its_o supreme_a authority_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o toledo_n be_v produce_v bull_n of_o former_a pope_n their_o determination_n toledo_n decree_n of_o council_n and_o many_o argument_n deduce_v from_o antiquity_n much_o also_o be_v say_v by_o the_o other_o party_n but_o the_o case_n be_v leave_v undetermined_a because_o some_o of_o the_o party_n concern_v be_v absent_a and_o it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v be_v hear_v yet_o the_o pope_n grant_v to_o roderick_n the_o archbishop_n the_o legantine_n power_n for_o ten_o year_n and_o also_o that_o in_o case_n the_o city_n sevil_n be_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n as_o be_v hope_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a power_n of_o the_o almohade_n it_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n as_o its_o primate_n and_o no_o appeal_n to_o lie_v from_o this_o decree_n beside_o he_o give_v he_o power_n to_o legitimate_a 300_o bastard_n and_o to_o place_n bishop_n in_o all_o such_o town_n as_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o archbishop_n gain_v great_a reputation_n in_o that_o council_n not_o only_o for_o his_o knowledge_n in_o many_o language_n but_o for_o his_o extraordinary_a learning_n not_o usual_a in_o that_o age._n he_o write_v the_o history_n of_o spain_n another_o of_o the_o moor_n and_o a_o treatise_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o church_n of_o toledo_n touch_v the_o holy-war_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o all_o churchman_n shall_v contribute_v towards_o it_o part_n of_o their_o revenue_n with_o this_o subsidy_n recruit_n be_v send_v over_o and_o the_o town_n of_o damiata_n in_o egypt_n take_v as_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o france_n the_o two_o raymund_n father_n and_o son_n earl_n of_o toulouze_n appear_v in_o the_o council_n against_o simon_n of_o montfort_n who_o have_v despoil_v they_o of_o their_o dominion_n the_o result_n be_v that_o they_o be_v condemn_v as_o heretic_n and_o toulouze_n with_o all_o other_o place_n he_o have_v take_v adjudge_v to_o simon_n of_o montfort_n whereupon_o montfort_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n for_o those_o place_n and_o settle_v a_o alliance_n with_o he_o yet_o not_o rely_v on_o the_o fidelity_n of_o those_o people_n he_o cause_v toulouze_n carcassonne_n and_o narbonne_n to_o be_v dismantle_v which_o together_o with_o the_o heavy_a tax_n he_o lay_v on_o the_o subject_n render_v he_o so_o odious_a that_o many_o town_n along_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr revolt_v from_o he_o to_o raymund_n the_o young_a and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o lose_v the_o city_n of_o toulouze_n notwithstanding_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n many_o noble_n of_o kill_v france_n assist_v the_o abandon_v prince_n yet_o simon_n of_o montfort_n have_v regain_v toulouze_n but_o that_o he_o be_v unfortunate_o kill_v before_o it_o by_o a_o stone_n shoot_v from_o a_o engine_n a_o man_n worthy_a of_o a_o long_a life_n for_o his_o valour_n and_o zeal_n for_o religion_n he_o leave_v two_o son_n aymerick_n and_o simon_n aymerick_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o despair_v of_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v all_o those_o prince_n that_o join_v against_o he_o resign_v his_o right_n to_o all_o those_o town_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o in_o return_n make_v he_o lord_n high-constable_n these_o thing_n fall_v out_o three_o year_n late_a than_o this_o time_n let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o place_n whence_o we_o digress_v chap._n iu._n the_o family_n of_o lara_n take_v the_o government_n of_o castille_n into_o their_o hand_n they_o commit_v many_o insolence_n and_o oppress_v the_o nobility_n young_a king_n henry_n marry_v and_o divorce_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n escape_v from_o his_o keeper_n the_o family_n of_o lara_n cease_v not_o to_o solicit_v garci_n lorenço_o as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o he_o tempt_v with_o their_o promise_n undertake_v to_o bring_v about_o their_o desire_n he_o only_o wait_v hand_n a_o fit_a opportunity_n and_o at_o length_n have_v find_v one_o when_o the_o queen_n regent_n little_a thought_n of_o any_o such_o contrivance_n he_o tell_v she_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o government_n be_v too_o weighty_a for_o a_o woman_n shoulder_n and_o withal_o exaggerated_a the_o difficulty_n of_o please_v where_o interest_n be_v so_o different_a and_o affection_n so_o various_a the_o queen_n who_o covet_v nothing_o more_o than_o her_o ease_n ask_v on_o who_o she_o may_v repose_v that_o great_a trust_n of_o rule_v the_o kingdom_n and_o breed_v up_o the_o king_n then_o he_o reply_v none_o in_o the_o kingdom_n so_o fit_a as_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a and_o therefore_o best_o able_a to_o awe_v such_o as_o shall_v aim_v at_o any_o commotion_n this_o advice_n be_v approve_v by_o the_o queen_n who_o thereupon_o assemble_v the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n ask_v their_o advice_n and_o they_o either_o not_o understand_v the_o drift_n or_o be_v before_o secure_v or_o else_o hate_v the_o government_n of_o a_o woman_n agree_v that_o the_o queen_n shall_v resign_v the_o government_n to_o the_o three_o brother_n of_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n roderick_n the_o archbishop_n return_v at_o this_o time_n from_o rome_n like_v not_o these_o proceed_n but_o the_o thing_n be_v too_o far_o go_v to_o be_v recall_v all_o he_o can_v do_v be_v to_o oblige_v those_o brother_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n that_o they_o will_v in_o all_o thing_n study_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n and_o crown_n that_o they_o will_v give_v no_o command_n take_v without_o the_o queen_n approbation_n that_o they_o will_v not_o make_v war_n nor_o impose_v new_a tax_n and_o in_o fine_a that_o they_o will_v bear_v the_o respect_n due_a to_o the_o queen_n as_o the_o daughter_n sister_n and_o wife_n of_o king_n this_o seem_v
the_o carthaginian_n and_o give_v they_o a_o great_a overthrow_n first_o nero_n than_o publius_n scipio_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o take_v carthagena_n p._n 26_o chap._n vii_o publius_n scipio_n rout_n asdrubal_n and_o drive_v the_o carthaginian_n quite_o out_o of_o spain_n other_o notable_a action_n of_o his_o there_o cornelius_n lentulus_n and_o lucius_n manlius_n succeed_v he_o and_o overthrow_v the_o spaniard_n that_o have_v revolt_a p._n 28_o chap._n viii_o the_o spaniard_n revolt_a be_v again_o subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n cato_n be_v consul_n come_v into_o spain_n several_a praetor_n succeed_v he_o their_o government_n and_o action_n p._n 30_o the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o first_o war_n of_o numantia_n and_o peace_n conclude_v with_o that_o city_n the_o war_n in_o lusitania_n and_o other_o part_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o praetor_n sergius_n galba_n p._n 33_o chap._n ii_o viriatus_n be_v original_a and_o action_n against_o the_o roman_n the_o government_n of_o several_a roman_a general_n and_o among_o they_o of_o metellus_z and_o pompey_n and_o death_n of_o viriatus_n p._n 35_o chap._n iii_o the_o second_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o numantia_n the_o consul_n mancinus_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o that_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o they_o the_o city_n destroy_v p._n 38_o chap._n iu_o other_o occurrence_n in_o spain_n after_o the_o war_n of_o numantia_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n of_o sertorius_n his_o action_n defeat_v and_o death_n p._n 40_o chap._n v._o pompey_n appease_v the_o tumult_n in_o spain_n julius_n caesar_n come_v into_o spain_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n there_o pompey_n be_v general_n defeat_v the_o whole_a country_n reduce_v by_o julius_n caesar_n who_o return_v to_o rome_n p._n 44_o chap._n vi_o longinus_n govern_v spain_n his_o action_n the_o war_n betwixt_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n be_v son_n the_o famous_a battle_n of_o munda_n caesar_n return_v victorious_a to_o rome_n p._n 46_o chap._n vii_o other_o commotion_n in_o spain_n after_o the_o death_n of_o caesar_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o augustus_n and_o war_n of_o cantabria_n p._n 48_o the_o four_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o birth_n of_o christ_n our_o lord_n the_o death_n of_o augustus_n and_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n tiberius_n caligula_n and_o claudius_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o come_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n into_o spain_n and_o first_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n p._n 51._o chap._n ii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n nero_n galba_n otho_n vitellius_n vespasian_n and_o titus_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o colony_n free-town_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n then_o in_o spain_n p._n 53_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n domitian_n nerva_n trajan_n adrian_n antoninus_n verus_n marcus_n aurelius_n and_o commodus_n the_o persecution_n under_o they_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n leon_n and_o rise_v of_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o gnostic_n p._n 55_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n pertinax_n severus_n caracalla_n macrinus_n heliogabalus_n alexander_n severus_n maximinus_n gordianus_n philip_n decius_n tribonianus_n gallus_n and_o aemilianus_n p._n 57_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n valerianus_n galienus_n flavius_n aurelianus_n tacitus_n flavianus_n probus_n carinus_n dioclesian_n and_o maximian_n constantius_n and_o galerius_n maximinus_n and_o licinius_n p._n 58_o chap._n vi_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o glorious_a constantine_n the_o great_a the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n the_o arian_n heresy_n the_o first_o general_n council_n of_o nice_a p._n 60_o chap._n vii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n constantius_n and_o constans_n julian_n the_o apostate_n jovianus_n valentinian_n and_o valens_n p._n 62_o chap._n viii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n gratianus_n valentinian_n theodosius_n arcadius_n and_o honorius_n p._n 64_o the_o five_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o come_n of_o several_a barbarous_a nation_n into_o spain_n as_o the_o vandal_n alan_n suevian_o silingians_n and_o goth_n their_o original_a and_o where_o they_o settle_v p._n 67_o chap._n ii_o the_o goth_n vanquish_v and_o subdue_v all_o the_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n in_o spain_n the_o vandal_n after_o this_o successful_a go_v over_o into_o africa_n the_o rise_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o suevian_o p._n 69_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n theodoredus_fw-la torismund_n and_o theodorick_n attila_n king_n of_o the_o huns_n twice_o rout_v the_o general_a council_n of_o chalcedon_n p._n 71_o chap._n iu_o the_o death_n of_o king_n theodorick_n and_o reign_v of_o euricus_fw-la and_o alaricus_n the_o goth_n twice_o overthrow_v by_o the_o frank_n p._n 73_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n gesaleycus_n theodorick_n and_o amalaricus_n several_a spanish_a synod_n defeat_v of_o the_o frank_n and_o trial_n by_o ordeal_o p._n 74_o chap._n vi_o the_o reign_v of_o theudiselus_n agila_n and_o athanagildus_n a_o great_a plague_n the_o 5_o general_n council_n a_o interregnum_fw-la and_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o suevian_o p._n 76_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o two_o sister_n galsuinda_n and_o brunechilda_n the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n liuva_fw-fr and_o leuvigildus_fw-la this_o last_o make_v his_o two_o son_n his_o companion_n in_o the_o throne_n p._n 77_o chap._n viii_o ermenegildus_n son_n to_o leuvigildus_fw-la marry_v the_o lady_n ingundis_fw-la be_v convert_v to_o the_o catholic_n faith_n be_v besiege_a by_o his_o father_n in_o sevil_n and_o put_v to_o death_n by_o he_o p._n 79_o chap._n ix_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n leuvigildus_fw-la he_o persecute_v the_o catholic_n subdue_v the_o suevian_o his_o death_n and_o cause_n of_o his_o conversion_n p._n 81_o chap._n x._o the_o reign_n of_o recaredus_n his_o and_o people_n conversion_n conspiracy_n against_o he_o detect_v and_o punish_v he_o overthrow_v the_o frank_n the_o three_o council_n of_o toledo_n p._n 82_o the_o six_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o remain_a action_n of_o king_n recaredus_n he_o marry_v clodosinda_n sister_n to_o childebert_n king_n of_o lorraine_n his_o death_n original_a of_o duke_n and_o count_n p._n 84_o chap._n ii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n liuva_fw-fr witericus_fw-la gundemarus_n sisebutus_n and_o recaredus_n ii_o several_a synod_n the_o jew_n banish_v spain_n p._n 86_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n suinthula_n rechimirus_n sisenandus_n and_o chintila_n the_o roman_n quite_o expel_v spain_n three_o synod_n at_o toledo_n p._n 87_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n tulga_n chindasuinthus_n and_o recesuinthus_n several_a synod_n of_o toledo_n increase_v of_o the_o mahometan_a power_n the_o election_n and_o coronation_n of_o king_n wamba_n p._n 89_o chap._n v._o the_o war_n with_o the_o rebel_n in_o gallia_n gothica_n paul_n wamba_n be_v general_n join_v with_o they_o the_o king_n march_v against_o they_o and_o reduce_v all_o the_o country_n to_o his_o obedience_n p._n 91_o chap._n vi_o wamba_n return_v into_o spain_n punish_v the_o head_n of_o the_o rebel_n his_o public_a work_n eleven_o council_n of_o toledo_n a_o great_a fleet_n of_o saracen_n destroy_v wamba_n depose_v ervigius_n usurp_v the_o crown_n p._n 93_o chap._n vii_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n ervigius_n and_o egica_n p._n 94_o chap._n viii_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n witiza_n roderick_n ascend_v the_o throne_n ravish_v count_n julian_n be_v daughter_n and_o break_v open_v a_o old_a castle_n at_o toledo_n say_v to_o be_v enchant_a p._n 96_o chap._n ix_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o moor_n into_o spain_n they_o prove_v successful_a and_o flock_v over_o in_o great_a multitude_n king_n roderick_n overthrow_v in_o a_o great_a battle_n his_o death_n the_o moor_n overrun_v the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n p._n 98_o chap._n x._o the_o moor_n muza_n come_v over_o with_o supply_n his_o action_n the_o moorish_a computation_n of_o year_n call_v hegira_n abdalasis_n son_n to_o muza_n his_o action_n end_v of_o count_n julian_n and_o his_o family_n deplorable_a state_n of_o spain_n p._n 100_o the_o seven_o book_n chap._n i._n prince_n pelayus_n or_o pelagius_n take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o moor_n be_v declare_v king_n and_o miraculous_o vanquish_v the_o infidel_n the_o death_n of_o muza_n alahor_n govern_v spain_n p._n 102_o chap._n ii_o pelayus_n be_v power_n increase_v he_o take_v several_a to_n his_o death_n the_o short_a reign_n and_o death_n of_o favila_n several_a moorish_a governor_n in_o spain_n action_n of_o the_o infidel_n in_o france_n p._n 104_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o catholic_n his_o conquest_n and_o death_n several_a moorish_a governor_n in_o spain_n affair_n of_o the_o mahometan_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o africa_n p._n 105_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o king_n froyla_fw-fr aurelius_n silon_n alonso_n mauregatus_fw-la and_o veremundus_n or_o bermudo_n monarchy_n
and_o it_o be_v so_o great_a affinity_n beyond_o the_o italian_a for_o that_o latin_a and_o spanish_a either_o in_o prose_n or_o verse_n agree_v in_o the_o very_a word_n and_o manner_n of_o composition_n the_o portugese_n have_v a_o language_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o be_v a_o mixture_n of_o the_o french_a and_o castillian_a the_o people_n of_o catalonia_n and_o valencia_n use_v a_o distinct_a language_n very_o like_o that_o of_o languedoc_n only_o the_o biscainer_n still_o retain_v their_o mother_n and_o barbarous_a tongue_n void_a of_o all_o elegancy_n total_o different_a from_o any_o other_o in_o spain_n but_o the_o ancient_a and_o that_o which_o be_v former_o use_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o spread_v their_o language_n wherever_o they_o conquer_a other_o affirm_v the_o language_n of_o biscay_n be_v always_o peculiar_a to_o that_o province_n and_o strabo_n say_v it_o be_v not_o one_o tongue_n or_o one_o sort_n of_o character_n that_o be_v use_v throughout_o spain_n it_o be_v not_o material_a to_o dispute_v which_o of_o these_o opinion_n be_v best_a ground_v the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o former_a age_n be_v rude_a and_o barbarous_a spaniard_n their_o nature_n seem_v to_o have_v more_o of_o wild_a beast_n than_o men._n they_o be_v remarkable_a for_o secrecy_n no_o rack_n be_v of_o force_n to_o draw_v a_o secret_a from_o they_o their_o inclination_n be_v restless_a and_o propense_a to_o novelty_n of_o body_n they_o be_v active_a and_o nimble_a give_v to_o superstition_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o their_o false_a deity_n averse_a to_o learning_n though_o of_o sharp_a wit_n so_o that_o when_o improve_v by_o see_v other_o country_n they_o make_v appear_v they_o be_v inferior_a to_o none_o for_o clear_a judgement_n excellent_a memory_n or_o elegancy_n and_o copiousness_n of_o word_n in_o war_n they_o be_v more_o courageous_a than_o politic_a their_o habit_n plain_a and_o course_n their_o diet_n much_o in_o quantity_n but_o free_a from_o delicacy_n they_o common_o drink_v water_n and_o but_o little_a wine_n they_o be_v rigorous_a with_o malefactor_n kind_a and_o love_a to_o stranger_n this_o be_v in_o former_a age_n for_o at_o present_a there_o be_v as_o great_a a_o increase_n of_o vice_n as_o virtue_n learn_v flourish_n as_o much_o as_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n no_o country_n afford_v great_a reward_n of_o virtue_n the_o spaniard_n be_v great_a lover_n of_o justice_n the_o magistrate_n support_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n bind_v together_o and_o unite_v the_o great_a and_o the_o mean_a and_o middle_a sort_n by_o a_o certain_a temperature_n of_o justice_n which_o have_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o theft_n and_o robbery_n and_o restrain_v man_n from_o murder_n and_o offering_z violence_n for_o none_o be_v allow_v to_o transgress_v the_o divine_a law_n or_o oppress_v the_o mean_a of_o the_o people_n what_o be_v most_o glorious_a be_v that_o it_o have_v always_o preserve_v the_o true_a religion_n against_o all_o heresy_n and_o error_n the_o spaniard_n after_o expel_v the_o moor_n have_v discover_v and_o conquer_a a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o incredible_a valour_n and_o labour_n they_o be_v natural_o very_o patient_a of_o hardship_n and_o hunger_n which_o have_v carry_v they_o through_o great_a difficulty_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n it_o must_v be_v allow_v in_o our_o day_n they_o be_v degenerate_v and_o grow_v more_o effeminate_a through_o excess_n of_o plenty_n and_o costly_a eat_v drink_v clothing_n and_o all_o other_o extravagancy_n our_o vast_a commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n who_o resort_n on_o account_n of_o our_o riches_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o mischief_n our_o strength_n be_v decay_v and_o our_o manner_n deprave_v by_o the_o communication_n of_o foreigner_n and_o the_o connivance_n of_o prince_n and_o dissoluteness_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o many_o live_v to_o the_o height_n of_o luxury_n without_o put_v any_o measure_n to_o their_o profuseness_n hence_o we_o may_v expect_v a_o great_a change_n of_o fortune_n and_o a_o mighty_a fall_n of_o our_o grandeur_n which_o ever_o threaten_v all_o great_a empire_n and_o we_o more_o especial_o as_o have_v provoke_v many_o by_o the_o pride_n and_o arrogancy_n of_o our_o governor_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o fabulous_a king_n of_o spain_n of_o the_o geryon_n of_o king_n hispalus_n and_o the_o death_n of_o hercules_n and_o of_o hesperus_n atlas_n and_o siculus_n king_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v agree_v on_o of_o all_o hand_n and_o beyond_o dispute_n as_o be_v say_v before_o that_o tubal_n come_v to_o spain_n but_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o guess_v much_o more_o to_o decide_v what_o part_n of_o spain_n he_o first_o spain_n plant_v or_o where_o he_o make_v his_o abide_v some_o say_v his_o first_o foot_n be_v in_o lusitania_n other_o that_o among_o the_o vascones_n now_o navarre_n the_o portugese_n bring_v setubal_n the_o vascones_n tudela_n as_o argument_n of_o his_o come_n into_o their_o country_n from_o the_o likeness_n oâ—_n the_o name_n of_o those_o place_n with_o he_o but_o these_o be_v ridiculous_a and_o shameless_a imposition_n as_o if_o setubal_n can_v take_v name_n from_o coetus_fw-la and_o tubal_n whereas_o coetus_fw-la be_v a_o latin_a word_n never_o hear_v in_o portugal_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n many_o hundred_o of_o year_n after_o tubal_n other_o say_v tarragona_n and_o saguntum_n be_v build_v by_o tubal_n but_o this_o be_v no_o better_a than_o the_o other_o and_o author_n know_v nothing_o of_o these_o antiquity_n have_v please_v themselves_o by_o impose_v their_o fiction_n on_o their_o posterity_n for_o history_n some_o have_v do_v this_o to_o honour_v their_o country_n with_o such_o reverend_a antiquity_n but_o these_o fiction_n only_o serve_v to_o take_v off_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o real_a chronicle_n which_o will_v much_o more_o illustrate_v those_o place_n than_o all_o their_o dream_n and_o chimera_n the_o fable_n of_o noah_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o sound_v the_o city_n noela_n and_o noega_n and_o his_o son_n iberus_n give_v his_o name_n to_o the_o river_n ebro_n and_o the_o province_n of_o iberia_n be_v pleasant_a but_o not_o credible_a that_o river_n and_o province_n it_o be_v more_o likely_a take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o iberi_fw-la a_o people_n about_o pontus_n euxinus_n who_o come_v into_o spain_n and_o after_o mix_v with_o the_o celtae_n of_o france_n that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n come_v to_o be_v call_v celtiberia_n there_o be_v many_o more_o invention_n of_o this_o sort_n as_o that_o the_o mountain_n idubeda_n be_v so_o call_v from_o a_o son_n of_o iberus_n that_o brigus_n son_n of_o idubeda_n send_v colony_n into_o several_a part_n one_o whereof_o be_v brigia_n afterward_o call_v phrygia_n in_o asia_n that_o his_o son_n tagus_n give_v his_o name_n to_o that_o river_n as_o do_v say_v they_o his_o successor_n betus_n to_o the_o province_n betica_n now_o andaluzia_n doubtless_o the_o province_n take_v the_o name_n from_o the_o river_n and_o the_o river_n i_o believe_v have_v it_o from_o the_o hebrew_n word_n beth_n which_o signify_v a_o house_n because_o of_o the_o many_o building_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o it_o thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v for_o the_o fabulous_a king_n of_o who_o no_o author_n of_o credit_n have_v make_v mention_n but_o as_o i_o have_v reject_v these_o fiction_n so_o i_o will_v not_o whole_o forbear_v make_v some_o mention_n of_o other_o which_o though_o scarce_o credible_a some_o grave_a author_n have_v speak_v of_o geryon_n be_v the_o first_o that_o may_v be_v account_v king_n of_o spain_n of_o who_o much_o mention_n be_v king_n make_v by_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a author_n he_o be_v no_o native_a for_o geryon_n in_o the_o chaldean_a language_n signify_v a_o stranger_n he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o discover_v the_o value_n of_o gold_n there_o which_o before_o lay_v about_o unregarded_a and_o heap_v great_a treasure_n as_o also_o he_o keep_v great_a herd_n and_o flock_n of_o cattle_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o be_v by_o the_o greek_n call_v chryseas_fw-la that_o be_v golden_a he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o lord_v it_o over_o that_o people_n who_o before_o live_v disperse_v without_o any_o governor_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o wild_a beast_n be_v settle_v in_o his_o dominion_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v a_o fort_n near_o cadiz_n call_v gerunda_n and_o a_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o catalonia_n now_o gïrona_n this_o in_o order_n to_o secure_v himself_o in_o his_o government_n his_o power_n last_v till_o osiris_n the_o egyptian_a by_o some_o call_v bacchus_n and_o dionysius_n after_o traverse_v ethiopia_n india_n and_o all_o asia_n geryon_n where_o he_o teach_v the_o plant_n of_o vine_n and_o sow_v of_o corn_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o in_o a_o bloody_a fight_n defeat_v geryon_n force_n and_o slay_v he_o
tread_v to_o death_n and_o have_v escape_v this_o danger_n cast_v he_o to_o dog_n that_o have_v be_v keep_v hungry_a on_o purpose_n that_o they_o may_v devour_v he_o in_o fine_a he_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o sea_n which_o lay_v he_o again_o on_o the_o shore_n where_o he_o be_v suckle_v by_o a_o doe_n be_v grow_v up_o abide_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o nurse_n become_v so_o nimble_a that_o he_o out_o run_v the_o swift_a beast_n and_o withal_o so_o wild_a that_o he_o live_v on_o the_o mountain_n by_o rapine_n the_o neighbour_a people_n have_v suffer_v much_o lay_v a_o toil_n into_o which_o he_o fall_v and_o be_v by_o they_o carry_v to_o his_o grandfather_n gargoris_n by_o some_o natural_a instinct_n as_o also_o by_o mark_n that_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o body_n of_o he_o when_o a_o child_n discover_v who_o he_o be_v and_o change_v his_o severity_n into_o love_n name_v he_o abide_v keep_v he_o as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v as_o become_v his_o grandson_n and_o at_o his_o death_n appoint_v he_o his_o heir_n abide_v be_v seat_v on_o the_o throne_n surpass_v reign_n all_o his_o predecessor_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n he_o persuade_v his_o subject_n who_o before_o live_v disperse_v to_o gather_v themselves_o into_o town_n and_o city_n whereby_o the_o wildness_n of_o those_o people_n be_v much_o polish_v he_o restore_v the_o use_n of_o wine_n and_o manner_n of_o tilling_n the_o ground_n which_o have_v be_v long_o forget_v the_o people_n live_v upon_o such_o thing_n as_o nature_n produce_v he_o institute_v law_n erect_a tribunal_n and_o name_v judge_n and_o magistrate_n by_o these_o mean_n he_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o purchase_v great_a renown_n among_o stranger_n and_o have_v live_v to_o a_o great_a age_n depart_v this_o life_n leave_v behind_o a_o immortal_a fame_n he_o be_v contemporary_a with_o king_n david_n but_o justin_n will_v have_v it_o that_o he_o live_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o geryon_n and_o be_v king_n only_o of_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v say_v his_o progeny_n reign_v for_o many_o year_n after_o he_o but_o none_o of_o their_o action_n or_o so_o much_o as_o their_o name_n can_v be_v find_v nor_o any_o other_o remarkable_a occurrence_n for_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n only_o a_o most_o wonderful_a dearth_n that_o happen_v which_o last_v 26_o year_n so_o that_o all_o the_o river_n except_o ebro_n and_o guadalquivir_n be_v dry_v up_o and_o the_o earth_n gape_v the_o rich_a people_n dearth_n who_o stay_v long_a be_v deprive_v of_o mean_n to_o fly_v to_o other_o country_n the_o poor_a have_v at_o first_o withdraw_v themselves_o to_o the_o neighbour_a province_n thus_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n especial_o the_o inland_n be_v not_o only_o stripe_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o tree_n but_o total_o unpeople_v and_o leave_v desert_n this_o season_n be_v past_a and_o the_o land_n again_o moisten_v with_o rain_n the_o native_n that_o have_v escape_v mix_v with_o other_o nation_n return_v and_o restore_v the_o spanish_a race_n almost_o extinct_a most_o of_o our_o author_n agree_v in_o this_o account_n but_o other_o and_o those_o very_a learned_a will_v no_o way_n allow_v of_o it_o and_o the_o reason_n they_o give_v be_v that_o no_o greek_a nor_o latin_a author_n make_v any_o mention_n of_o it_o and_o so_o remarkable_a a_o transmigration_n can_v not_o have_v escape_v their_o knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a ebro_n and_o guadalquivir_n can_v have_v preserve_v any_o moisture_n during_o so_o many_o year_n if_o we_o consider_v how_o many_o great_a river_n be_v almost_o dry_v up_o in_o one_o hot_a summer_n that_o such_o a_o drought_n will_v not_o cause_v the_o ground_n to_o open_v but_o rather_o fall_v away_o all_o to_o dust_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o libya_n and_o other_o part_n of_o africa_n because_o moisture_n unite_v and_o dryness_n dissipate_v body_n this_o be_v what_o our_o historian_n write_v my_o opinion_n be_v that_o as_o thing_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n be_v always_o represent_v great_a than_o real_o they_o be_v so_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o dearth_n which_o doubtless_o be_v much_o less_o than_o it_o be_v make_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a it_o rain_v sometime_o and_o so_o much_o as_o may_v unite_v the_o earth_n and_o preserve_v the_o river_n yet_o not_o enough_o to_o produce_v any_o sort_n of_o grain_n or_o fruit._n the_o fame_n of_o this_o desolation_n be_v spread_v move_v many_o of_o the_o neighbour_a people_n once_o it_o be_v past_a to_o come_v over_o with_o their_o stock_n and_o family_n to_o repeople_n the_o country_n every_o one_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o part_n he_o like_v best_a and_o multitude_n resort_v from_o all_o part_n through_o their_o industry_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o their_o offspring_n the_o beauty_n of_o spain_n be_v again_o soon_o restore_v the_o land_n improve_v and_o many_o town_n and_o city_n build_v the_o celtae_n a_o people_n of_o france_n pass_v the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o that_o part_n of_o france_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n spain_n of_o ebro_n and_o east_n of_o the_o river_n idubeda_n a_o fertile_a and_o pleasant_a country_n where_o be_v now_o the_o city_n tarracona_n and_o former_o those_o of_o netobriga_n and_o arcobriga_n from_o these_o celtae_n and_o the_o native_a iberi_n great_a part_n of_o spain_n be_v call_v celtiberia_n these_o people_n increase_v and_o spread_v far_o southward_o as_o appear_v by_o segobriga_n belsino_n vrcesia_n and_o other_o town_n reckon_v among_o the_o celtiberi_n on_o the_o northern_a border_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n be_v the_o arevaci_n where_o be_v now_o osma_n and_o agreda_n the_o duraci_n neritae_n pelendones_n presamarci_n and_o cileni_fw-la all_o include_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o celtiberi_n and_o join_v to_o they_o by_o affinity_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o rhodian_n who_o be_v great_a sailor_n build_v rhodope_n or_o rhoda_n now_o rose_n upon_o a_o large_a bay_n near_o the_o rhodian_n foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v a_o great_a city_n and_o bishopric_n though_o now_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a the_o rhodian_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o who_o teach_v the_o spaniard_n to_o make_v cable_n and_o weave_v rush_n for_o many_o use_n and_o also_o to_o make_v horsemill_n to_o grind_v their_o corn_n they_o be_v also_o the_o first_o that_o teach_v they_o the_o use_n of_o copper_n coin_n which_o then_o appear_v very_o ridiculous_a to_o the_o spaniard_n in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o build_v a_o temple_n to_o diana_n and_o another_o to_o hercules_n about_o 12_o mile_n from_o rose_n be_v empurias_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n at_o which_o place_n about_o this_o same_o time_n the_o mountain_n be_v fire_v whether_o accidental_o or_o by_o design_n be_v not_o know_v but_o certain_a it_o be_v these_o hill_n by_o the_o greek_n be_v call_v pyr_n 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of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o rhodian_n and_o phrygian_n be_v say_v to_o have_v set_v out_o from_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o tyre_n in_o quest_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o spain_n what_o part_n of_o spain_n they_o first_o land_v in_o author_n do_v not_o agree_v aristotle_n say_v the_o phoenicians_n be_v the_o first_o who_o come_v to_o the_o straights-mouth_n purchase_v of_o the_o people_n of_o tartesso_fw-it or_o tarifa_n for_o oil_n more_o silver_n than_o their_o ship_n can_v carry_v away_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a this_o be_v about_o the_o pyrenean_n as_o be_v near_o to_o they_o and_o the_o silver_n to_o be_v some_o of_o that_o melt_v by_o the_o great_a conflagration_n abovemention_v our_o historian_n relate_v that_o sichaeus_n command_v one_o of_o their_o fleet_n and_o get_v here_o those_o great_a riches_n which_o tempt_v his_o
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phoenicians_n be_v increase_v in_o power_n and_o riches_n return_v to_o spain_n and_o repossess_v themselves_o of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n design_v upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n that_o shall_v offer_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o the_o continent_n they_o want_v a_o pretence_n and_o think_v none_o so_o good_a as_o that_o of_o religion_n they_o ask_v leave_v of_o the_o native_n to_o erect_v a_o temple_n to_o hercules_n feign_v he_o have_v appear_v and_o order_v they_o so_o to_o do_v have_v by_o this_o fraud_n obtain_v their_o desire_n they_o build_v a_o temple_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o fort_n many_o under_o colour_n of_o devotion_n resort_v thither_o in_o a_o small_a time_n it_o grow_v to_o the_o grandeur_n of_o a_o city_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v stand_v where_o now_o medina_n sidonia_n be_v which_o the_o name_n sidon_n seem_v to_o confirm_v and_o the_o small_a distance_n of_o only_a 16_o mile_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o cadiz_n beside_o this_o they_o become_v 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the_o limit_n of_o these_o people_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o labour_v to_o fix_v their_o bound_n no_o more_o than_o those_o of_o the_o massieni_n selbisii_n curenses_n lignii_n and_o other_o who_o name_n be_v find_v in_o approve_a author_n but_o what_o place_n particular_o they_o inhabit_a can_v not_o be_v assign_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n the_o native_n provoke_v by_o the_o wrong_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o grow_v jealous_a of_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o new_a city_n hold_v a_o great_a consultation_n in_o which_o they_o treat_v of_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o danger_n that_o may_v ensue_v from_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o those_o strange_n baucius_fw-la capetus_n prince_n of_o the_o turdetani_n be_v there_o present_a he_o take_v upon_o he_o with_o wise_a word_n to_o raise_v their_o droop_a spirit_n and_o do_v it_o so_o spaniard_n effectual_o that_o they_o all_o present_o vote_v the_o war_n against_o the_o phoenicians_n they_o appoint_v officer_n and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o raise_v man_n withal_o recommend_v to_o all_o to_o be_v private_a that_o so_o they_o may_v surprise_n their_o enemy_n to_o baucius_fw-la for_o his_o great_a experience_n and_o the_o love_n all_o the_o people_n bear_v he_o they_o assign_v the_o whole_a management_n of_o the_o war._n thus_o have_v gather_v a_o mighty_a army_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o phoenicians_n who_o where_o whole_o unprovided_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v all_o the_o city_n they_o have_v build_v and_o those_o they_o have_v conquer_a give_v the_o plunder_v of_o all_o their_o riches_n to_o the_o soldier_n the_o city_n medina_n sidonia_n whither_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n flee_v confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o temple_n soon_o follow_v the_o fate_n cadiz_n of_o the_o rest_n and_o all_o within_o it_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n such_o be_v their_o desire_n of_o revenge_n that_o lay_v aside_o all_o thought_n of_o compassion_n and_o zeal_n of_o religion_n they_o fire_v and_o lay_v the_o temple_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n thus_o all_o the_o riches_n they_o have_v be_v many_o year_n heap_v and_o the_o stately_a building_n they_o have_v with_o great_a cost_n erect_v be_v destroy_v and_o nothing_o leave_v the_o phoenicians_n on_o the_o continent_n except_o some_o few_o small_a town_n which_o escape_v unregarded_a and_o not_o because_o they_o can_v make_v any_o opposition_n those_o of_o cadiz_n despair_v of_o accommodation_n with_o the_o native_n find_v they_o must_v either_o resolve_v to_o quit_v spain_n or_o send_v for_o succour_n from_o abroad_o to_o expect_v relief_n from_o tyre_n in_o that_o distress_n be_v too_o tedious_a therefore_o they_o agree_v to_o call_v to_o their_o assistance_n the_o carthaginian_n to_o who_o they_o be_v ally_v as_o descend_v from_o the_o same_o original_a and_o otherwise_o unite_v by_o continual_a commerce_n and_o amity_n the_o ambassador_n be_v admit_v to_o audience_n in_o the_o senate_n lay_v before_o they_o the_o extreme_a danger_n those_o of_o cadiz_n be_v in_o that_o they_o seek_v not_o to_o recover_v what_o they_o have_v lose_v but_o to_o preserve_v carthaginian_n their_o liberty_n and_o life_n that_o the_o opportunity_n they_o have_v so_o long_o desire_v of_o enter_v into_o spain_n now_o offer_v itself_o very_o honourable_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o ally_n and_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o religion_n profane_v in_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n who_o they_o chief_o worship_v the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n bid_v they_o be_v of_o good_a heart_n and_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n till_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n can_v be_v fit_v out_o to_o be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n the_o carthaginian_n at_o this_o time_n be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v great_a fleet_n abroad_o as_o well_o of_o merchant_n as_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o be_v possess_v not_o only_o of_o
raise_v 3000_o man_n with_o this_o proviso_n he_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o they_o only_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n of_o carthage_n but_o not_o to_o invade_v the_o mauritanian_n their_o ancient_a friend_n and_o ally_n sapph_n keep_v these_o spaniard_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n in_o hope_n the_o mauritanian_n will_v forbear_v assist_v the_o other_o people_n of_o africa_n but_o perceive_v they_o do_v not_o he_o pass_v over_o burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o town_n and_o country_n plunder_v the_o house_n and_o carry_v away_o slave_n all_o the_o people_n that_o come_v within_o his_o reach_n complaint_n hereof_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mauritanian_n the_o spaniard_n send_v ambassador_n to_o carthage_n where_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o sapph_n shall_v withdraw_v his_o force_n out_o of_o africa_n and_o the_o mauritanian_n they_o give_v aid_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n notwithstanding_o this_o agreement_n the_o mauritanian_n continue_v their_o hostility_n whereupon_o sapph_n who_o have_v return_v into_o spain_n repassed_a the_o straits_n again_o do_v much_o great_a damage_n than_o the_o first_o time_n till_o the_o spaniard_n again_o interpose_v with_o much_o difficulty_n obtain_v send_v he_o fresh_a supply_n of_o man_n that_o he_o shall_v pass_v far_o into_o africa_n beyond_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o mauritanian_n against_o the_o other_o enemy_n of_o carthage_n by_o these_o mean_n the_o african_n be_v enclose_v by_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o carthage_n and_o those_o that_o pass_v out_o of_o spain_n be_v entire_o defeat_v and_o so_o that_o war_n end_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 283._o seven_o year_n after_o sapph_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o spain_n be_v recall_v home_o and_o himilco_n hanno_n and_o gisgo_n his_o three_o cousin_n send_v in_o his_o place_n himilco_n and_o hanno_n set_v sail_v with_o a_o fleet_n for_o their_o new_a government_n and_o touch_v by_o the_o way_n at_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n obtain_v leave_v of_o the_o native_n to_o raise_v fort_n there_o which_o hanno_n after_o serve_v as_o step_n to_o the_o enslave_v those_o people_n in_o minorca_n they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v three_o town_n jama_n magon_n and_o labon_n hanno_n no_o soon_o arrive_v at_o cadiz_n but_o be_v ambitious_a of_o glory_n and_o desirous_a to_o discover_v something_o new_a he_o sail_v along_o those_o coast_n as_o far_o as_o promontorium_n sacrum_fw-la or_o cape_n st._n vincent_n and_o send_v note_n of_o all_o he_o have_v observe_v to_o the_o senate_n promise_v great_a advantage_n if_o two_o fleet_n be_v fit_v out_o the_o one_o to_o discover_v the_o coast_n of_o africa_n the_o other_o those_o of_o spain_n and_o france_n it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o senate_n that_o himilco_n shall_v undertake_v the_o discovery_n of_o europe_n and_o hanno_n that_o of_o africa_n leave_v gisgo_n to_o govern_v in_o spain_n all_o thing_n be_v provide_v about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 307._o the_o two_o brother_n set_v out_o several_a way_n himilco_n keep_v close_o to_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n 307._o and_o pass_a cape_n finisterre_n run_v to_o the_o eastward_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o gallic_a shore_n and_o so_o be_v spain_n say_v to_o have_v go_v through_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o baltic_a and_o have_v spend_v two_o year_n in_o his_o voyage_n return_v hanno_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o 60_o great_a galley_n in_o which_o be_v 30000_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o plant_v where_o he_o think_v convenient_a sail_v from_o cadiz_n and_o southward_n have_v pass_v hercules_n pillar_n on_o a_o great_a plain_n build_v a_o city_n which_o he_o call_v thymiaterion_n arrianus_n say_v he_o discover_v as_o far_o as_o certain_a island_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o lie_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o then_o return_v but_o pliny_n affirm_v he_o pass_v the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n and_o even_o into_o the_o red_a sea_n whence_o he_o send_v a_o account_n of_o all_o he_o have_v do_v to_o carthage_n all_o agree_v that_o he_o be_v five_o year_n abroad_o and_o return_v home_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 312._o hanno_n and_o himilco_n be_v return_v into_o spain_n after_o these_o long_a voyage_n haste_v away_o to_o 312._o carthage_n carthage_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a honour_n gisgo_n who_o have_v be_v leave_v to_o govern_v spain_n soon_o after_o obtain_v leave_n to_o follow_v they_o hannibal_n and_o mago_n be_v next_o appoint_v to_o command_v in_o spain_n mago_n make_v some_o stay_n on_o the_o island_n baleares_n and_o be_v therefore_o suppose_a to_o have_v build_v the_o town_n of_o his_o name_n in_o the_o island_n minorca_n but_o this_o be_v only_o a_o bare_a surmise_n without_o any_o authority_n to_o back_o it_o hannibal_n be_v arrive_v at_o cadiz_n spain_n gisgo_n load_v his_o fleet_n with_o the_o treasure_n he_o and_o his_o brother_n have_v heap_v during_o his_o government_n and_o in_o his_o return_n home_o be_v cast_v away_o with_o all_o his_o riches_n in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 315._o hannibal_n be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v a_o town_n not_o far_o from_o cape_n st_n vincent_n upon_o a_o good_a port_n which_o be_v former_o call_v portus_n hannibalis_n now_o albor_n 315._o near_o lagos_n once_o lacobriga_n the_o tartesii_n build_v a_o fort_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o guadalquivir_n and_o a_o temple_n to_o venus_n and_o because_o that_o star_n be_v also_o call_v lucifer_n it_o be_v name_v templum_fw-la luciferi_fw-la now_o st._n lucar_n a_o most_o note_a town_n for_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n about_o this_o same_o time_n our_o historian_n say_v begin_v a_o bloody_a war_n betwixt_o those_o of_o the_o province_n betica_n and_o the_o lusitani_n nation_n divide_v by_o the_o river_n guadiana_n this_o war_n they_o say_v have_v its_o beginning_n from_o small_a quarrel_n betwixt_o the_o shepherd_n the_o carthaginian_n side_v with_o the_o lusitani_n a_o great_a neighbour_a city_n suppose_v to_o be_v iberia_n assist_v those_o of_o betica_n their_o rage_n on_o both_o side_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o very_a woman_n be_v say_v to_o have_v take_v arms._n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n which_o be_v very_o bloody_a and_o last_v the_o whole_a day_n till_o night_n part_v they_o in_o spaniard_n it_o 80000_o man_n be_v slay_v and_o among_o they_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n suppose_v if_o this_o matter_n be_v true_a to_o be_v hannibal_n mago_n hear_v the_o news_n of_o this_o battle_n come_v from_o the_o island_n baleares_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o countryman_n and_o oblige_v the_o people_n of_o the_o city_n who_o have_v sustain_v great_a loss_n in_o the_o fight_n to_o fire_v it_o and_o seek_v new_a place_n to_o inhabit_v the_o same_o year_n a_o great_a revolution_n happen_v in_o carthage_n for_o asdrubal_n and_o sapph_n hannibal_n brother_n be_v dead_a hanno_fw-la authority_n after_o his_o defeat_n in_o spain_n be_v whole_o overthrow_v by_o his_o enemy_n the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o government_n be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o hundred_o man_n who_o be_v to_o inspect_v into_o the_o action_n of_o all_o general_n when_o they_o return_v from_o the_o war._n by_o they_o hanno_n be_v try_v and_o condemn_v to_o perpetual_a banishment_n the_o principal_a crime_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n be_v that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o too_o great_a part_n and_o ability_n to_o live_v in_o a_o free-city_n be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v ever_o tame_v a_o lion_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v likely_a to_o prove_v dangerous_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o man_n since_o he_o can_v overcome_v the_o savage_a nature_n of_o beast_n but_o it_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o commonwealth_n to_o hate_v the_o best_a of_o men._n the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o second_o book_n chap._n 1._o action_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o sicily_n the_o government_n of_o hanno_n a_o embassy_n send_v to_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o first_o roman_a and_o carthaginian_a war._n we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o any_o thing_n remarkable_a that_o happen_v in_o spain_n for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 327._o which_o be_v the_o time_n of_o the_o peloponnesian_n war._n 327._o plague_n in_o the_o second_o year_n whereof_o a_o terrible_a plague_n rage_v all_o over_o the_o world_n it_o begin_v in_o aethiopia_n and_o thence_o run_v through_o several_a country_n at_o last_o come_v into_o spain_n where_o it_o sweep_v away_o vast_a multitude_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n thucydides_n livy_n and_o dionysius_n halicarnassaeus_n make_v mention_n of_o this_o plague_n and_o our_o author_n say_v it_o proceed_v from_o the_o great_a dryness_n of_o the_o air_n but_o hypocrates_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n say_v that_o to_o free_a thessaly_n his_o country_n from_o it_o he_o cause_v all_o the_o wood_n and_o forest_n to_o be_v fire_v in_o sicily_n at_o this_o
time_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v possess_v of_o some_o town_n near_o the_o promontory_n libybaeum_n not_o far_o from_o trepana_n which_o be_v a_o great_a eyesore_a to_o the_o people_n of_o agrigentum_n now_o gergento_n it_o happen_v the_o carthaginian_n go_v out_o into_o a_o wood_n near_o the_o city_n minoa_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n which_o the_o agrigentines_n who_o watch_v their_o opportunity_n lay_v hold_n of_o fall_v upon_o and_o slaughter_v all_o but_o some_o few_o that_o flee_v and_o lurk_v about_o the_o wood_n this_o news_n be_v come_v to_o carthage_n the_o people_n resolve_v to_o take_v revenge_n sicily_n send_v over_o 2000_o carthaginian_n a_o like_a number_n of_o spaniard_n and_o 500_o mallorquines_n with_o sling_n with_o these_o supply_v the_o carthaginian_n take_v the_o field_n and_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n not_o only_o vanquish_v their_o enemy_n but_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o city_n agrigentum_n whither_o they_o be_v flee_v and_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o two_o year_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 346._o the_o end_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o great_a for_o dionysius_n the_o tyrant_n of_o syracuse_n take_v into_o his_o protection_n those_o that_o flee_v from_o agrigentum_n 346._o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o carthaginian_n have_v to_o do_v with_o so_o powerful_a a_o enemy_n raise_v a_o army_n of_o 15000_o african_a foot_n and_o 5000_o horse_n beside_o 10000_o spaniard_n to_o oblige_v who_o they_o restore_v cadiz_n and_o withdraw_v all_o their_o garrison_n except_o from_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n and_o some_o other_o small_a fort_n himilco_n cipo_n be_v appoint_v general_n of_o these_o force_n who_o at_o his_o first_o land_v in_o sicily_n take_v the_o city_n camarina_n which_o he_o burn_v and_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n the_o people_n of_o gela_n terrify_v at_o this_o cruelty_n abandon_v the_o town_n dionysius_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a force_n meet_v the_o carthaginian_n and_o at_o first_o put_v they_o so_o hard_o to_o it_o that_o their_o horse_n begin_v to_o give_v way_n till_o himilco_n come_v up_o with_o a_o reserve_v of_o 2000_o fresh_a man_n oblige_v the_o sicilian_n to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n night_n prevent_v the_o pursuit_n but_o morning_n be_v come_v himilco_n attack_n the_o enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o dionysius_n save_v himself_o by_o flight_n but_o to_o see_v how_o uncertain_a humane_a prosperity_n be_v after_o all_o this_o success_n so_o violent_a a_o plague_n rage_v among_o the_o carthaginian_a force_n that_o himilco_n return_v home_o with_o a_o very_a small_a number_n where_o for_o grief_n of_o this_o loss_n he_o slay_v himself_o after_o this_o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o dionysius_n endeavour_v by_o his_o ambassador_n to_o withdraw_v the_o spaniard_n from_o side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o they_o with_o kindness_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o courtesy_n keep_v they_o in_o their_o friendship_n about_o the_o same_o time_n certain_a carthaginian_n sail_v from_o spain_n whether_o design_o or_o force_v by_o bad_a wether_n be_v not_o know_v island_n have_v traverse_v the_o vast_a ocean_n discover_v a_o large_a rich_a and_o beautiful_a island_n which_o be_v uninhabited_a some_o of_o those_o people_n stay_v and_o plant_v there_o the_o rest_n return_v and_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o they_o have_v see_v to_o the_o senate_n where_o as_o aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v agree_v this_o discovery_n ought_v to_o be_v conceal_v and_o to_o that_o purpose_n the_o discoverer_n put_v to_o death_n lest_o the_o citizen_n allure_v by_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o island_n and_o weary_a of_o war_n shall_v abandon_v the_o city_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n this_o island_n be_v one_o of_o the_o canary_n other_o that_o it_o be_v hispaniola_n or_o some_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n the_o carthaginian_n burn_v with_o the_o desire_n of_o renew_v the_o war_n in_o sicily_n raise_v man_n in_o spain_n and_o africa_n but_o the_o spaniard_n be_v averse_a to_o the_o war_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o distance_n because_o of_o the_o two_o great_a loss_n sustain_v there_o and_o for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v they_o have_v receive_v no_o wrong_n from_o the_o sicilian_n this_o oblige_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o lay_v aside_o that_o design_n till_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n which_o be_v soon_o offer_v for_o a_o great_a famine_n happen_v in_o spain_n and_o after_o it_o as_o usual_a a_o plague_n the_o spaniard_n become_v more_o inclinable_a to_o take_v up_o arm_n to_o fly_v from_o the_o misery_n of_o their_o own_o country_n 20000_o spanish_a foot_n 1000_o horse_n and_o 300_o sling_n man_n of_o majorca_n be_v raise_v hanno_n be_v appoint_v general_n for_o this_o war_n african_n who_o with_o these_o force_n and_o 10000_o african_n sail_v over_o into_o sicily_n dionysius_n who_o be_v then_o in_o italy_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o cotron_n a_o greek_a city_n have_v receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o storm_n that_o threaten_v he_o be_v force_v to_o haste_v back_o to_o secure_v his_o own_o his_o fleet_n which_o serve_v to_o transport_v his_o army_n from_o rhegio_n into_o sicily_n be_v defeat_v by_o the_o carthagian_o and_o several_a ship_n take_v in_o which_o be_v his_o own_o equipage_n among_o the_o other_o thing_n take_v be_v find_v some_o letter_n write_v in_o greek_a by_o one_o sunniatus_n a_o carthaginian_a give_v dionysius_n a_o account_n of_o the_o preparation_n make_v against_o he_o which_o he_o do_v in_o revenge_n for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o be_v appoint_v general_n but_o it_o cost_v he_o his_o life_n and_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o the_o future_a no_o carthaginian_a shall_v ever_o learn_v the_o greek_a language_n that_o they_o may_v not_o have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o converse_v with_o a_o enemy_n without_o a_o interpreter_n after_o this_o victory_n at_o sea_n many_o place_n submit_v themselves_o to_o hanno_n and_o the_o war_n be_v continue_v with_o various_a success_n till_o the_o sixteen_o year_n thereof_o which_o according_a to_o eusebius_n be_v from_o the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n 336._o or_o rather_o according_a to_o other_o the_o second_o of_o the_o 99th_o olympiad_n 336._o which_o be_v of_o rome_n 371._o then_o dionysius_n the_o elder_a die_a dio_fw-mi who_o govern_v the_o 371._o young_a dionysius_n make_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n yet_o the_o quiet_a of_o sicily_n last_v not_o long_o but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o spain_n it_o have_v be_v already_o say_v how_o the_o carthaginian_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n of_o sicily_n in_o part_n restore_v those_o of_o cadiz_n to_o their_o liberty_n this_o war_n be_v end_v they_o send_v bostar_n to_o govern_v the_o balearick_n island_n with_o order_n to_o endeavour_v to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n but_o they_o fear_v all_o his_o fair_a word_n tend_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o liberty_n will_v never_o entertain_v any_o correspondence_n with_o he_o hanno_n be_v send_v to_o spain_n govern_v cadiz_n but_o he_o be_v covetous_a oppress_v the_o native_n and_o by_o violent_a mean_n seize_v upon_o all_o the_o treasure_n as_o well_o of_o private_a person_n as_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o public_a which_o provoke_v the_o spaniard_n to_o conspire_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n all_o on_o a_o sudden_a they_o appear_v in_o arm_n slay_v many_o of_o their_o enemy_n and_o plunder_v their_o good_n hanno_n have_v lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n and_o be_v forsake_v by_o his_o ally_n in_o spain_n send_v into_o africa_n for_o succour_n these_o auxiliary_n commit_v great_a cruelty_n and_o make_v havoc_n in_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n now_o call_v andaluzia_n what_o have_v happen_v be_v know_v at_o carthage_n they_o send_v another_o to_o succeed_v hanno_n but_o we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o his_o name_n or_o any_o thing_n he_o do_v in_o that_o government_n his_o come_n be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 398._o the_o war_n which_o employ_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n give_v peace_n to_o spain_n for_o some_o time_n but_o the_o joy_n and_o 398._o satisfaction_n of_o this_o tranquillity_n be_v allay_v by_o great_a flood_n which_o destroy_v infinite_a earthquake_n number_n of_o cattle_n and_o bear_v down_o many_o building_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o earthquake_n be_v so_o violent_a that_o many_o city_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a suffer_v extreme_o more_o especial_o saguntum_n by_o how_o much_o it_o exceed_v all_o the_o other_o in_o beauty_n and_o grandeur_n the_o three_o year_n which_o be_v 405._o after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n be_v note_v for_o mighty_a storm_n at_o sea_n which_o cause_v extraordinary_a shipwreck_n 405._o the_o governor_n that_o succeed_v hanno_n die_v one_o
blood_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n and_o storm_n after_o he_o maherbal_n but_o no_o account_n can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o action_n of_o they_o or_o what_o governor_n follow_v it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o as_o certain_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o marseilles_n in_o france_n be_v grow_v too_o numerous_a in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 419._o scent_n a_o colony_n into_o spain_n empurias_n and_o inhabit_a that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n empurias_n which_o be_v next_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n opposite_a to_o rose_n in_o latin_a call_v emporia_n though_o small_a it_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n whence_o in_o greek_a it_o be_v former_o call_v palaeopolis_n that_o be_v old_a town_n signify_v the_o old_a part_n of_o it_o and_o also_o diospolis_n that_o be_v two_o to_n another_o 419._o part_n of_o the_o fleet_n from_o marseilles_n pass_v cape_n denia_n and_o build_v a_o town_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n three_o remarkable_a thing_n be_v make_v know_v in_o spain_n by_o the_o come_n of_o this_o thing_n fleet_n the_o first_o the_o great_a power_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o how_o religious_o they_o assist_v and_o support_v their_o ally_n the_o second_o that_o the_o syracusan_n after_o recover_v their_o liberty_n contrive_v to_o expel_v the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o sicily_n and_o the_o three_o that_o alexander_n of_o macedon_n surname_v the_o great_a have_v vanquish_v darius_n conquer_a the_o empire_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o subdue_v more_o country_n than_o another_o man_n in_o that_o time_n can_v have_v travel_v through_o this_o great_a move_v the_o spaniard_n inhabit_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a to_o send_v a_o embassy_n to_o he_o to_o desire_v his_o protection_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o aim_v at_o the_o enslave_v of_o all_o that_o province_n paulus_n orosius_n say_v maurinus_fw-la be_v chief_a of_o this_o embassy_n who_o join_v by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o 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sea_n chap._n ii_o the_o second_o come_v of_o hamilcar_n asdrubal_n succeed_v he_o his_o preparation_n for_o the_o roman_a war_n and_o death_n no_o soon_o do_v the_o carthaginian_n begin_v to_o breath_n after_o their_o unfortunate_a war_n with_o rome_n and_o other_o disaster_n which_o follow_v it_o but_o they_o cast_v their_o eye_n upon_o spain_n as_o the_o most_o proper_a place_n to_o make_v up_o their_o loss_n hamilcar_n be_v appoint_v to_o command_v there_o with_o a_o spain_n absolute_a power_n he_o at_o his_o set_n out_o from_o carthage_n according_a to_o custom_n sacrifice_v and_o offer_v up_o his_o vow_n his_o son_n hannibal_n then_o but_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v present_a he_o cause_v he_o to_o touch_v the_o altar_n and_o swear_v that_o when_o he_o be_v of_o age_n he_o will_v revenge_v his_o country_n against_o the_o roman_n beside_o he_o hamilcar_n have_v three_o young_a son_n asdrubal_n mago_n and_o hanno_n be_v arrive_v at_o cadiz_n he_o receive_v ambassador_n from_o the_o turdetani_n who_o have_v always_o continue_v in_o amity_n with_o carthage_n offer_v their_o force_n if_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o their_o service_n with_o their_o assistance_n hamilcar_n not_o only_o recover_v that_o part_n which_o have_v be_v lose_v but_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n either_o by_o force_n or_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o native_n and_o this_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 516._o strabo_n say_v the_o spaniard_n at_o that_o time_n be_v 516._o so_o rich_a that_o their_o manger_n and_o water_n trough_n be_v make_v of_o silver_n hamilcar_n coast_v along_o the_o mediterranean_a run_v up_o the_o river_n ebro_n where_o he_o build_v a_o town_n former_o call_v old_a carthage_n suppose_v to_o be_v now_o cantavecha_n distant_a ten_o league_n from_o tortosa_n to_o the_o north-west_n among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v ilercaones_n the_o follow_a year_n he_o subdue_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o bastetani_n and_o contestani_n where_o now_o be_v the_o city_n baça_n and_o murcia_n and_o not_o far_o from_o where_o saguntum_n once_o stand_v and_o whence_o ambassador_n come_v to_o hamilcar_n bring_v present_n and_o congratulate_v his_o success_n but_o not_o with_o any_o intention_n of_o submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o hamilcar_n receive_v and_o dismiss_v they_o with_o kindness_n yet_o he_o earnest_o desire_v to_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v some_o colour_n or_o pretence_n for_o that_o undertake_n in_o order_n to_o it_o he_o persuade_v the_o turdetani_n to_o build_v a_o town_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o the_o saguntins_n which_o be_v call_v turdetuni_fw-la and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v terud_v 20_o league_n distant_a from_o saguntum_n this_o breed_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o those_o two_o city_n which_o be_v it_o hamilcar_n aim_v at_o and_o they_o understand_v his_o design_n resolve_v not_o to_o move_v or_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o turdetani_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o 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that_o of_o his_o family_n to_o wit_n the_o barzini_n his_o design_n be_v lay_v against_o rose_n and_o empurias_n which_o he_o think_v obstruct_v he_o as_o be_v confederate_n with_o saguntum_n when_o death_n surprise_v he_o among_o the_o edetani_n whither_o he_o be_v return_v in_o order_n to_o pacify_v some_o disturbance_n in_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o native_n about_o the_o nine_o year_n after_o this_o his_o second_o come_v into_o spain_n this_o fight_n be_v so_o bloody_a that_o of_o above_o 40000_o man_n he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n two_o three_o be_v slaughter_v the_o rest_n of_o they_o under_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n escape_v to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n that_o hold_v for_o they_o livy_n say_v this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o a_o place_n call_v castrum_n altum_fw-la after_o this_o signal_n defeat_v the_o carthaginian_a force_n be_v turn_v against_o
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answer_n they_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n where_o they_o draw_v to_o their_o side_n the_o bargusii_n a_o people_n in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o spain_n near_o the_o ceretani_fw-la but_o be_v reject_v by_o the_o volciani_n and_o upbraid_v with_o their_o neglect_n of_o saguntum_n these_o volciani_n be_v doubtless_o near_a about_o that_o same_o part_n of_o the_o country_n though_o some_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v about_o villadolce_fw-mi not_o far_o from_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n guerva_n which_o town_n they_o say_v be_v former_o call_v volce_fw-mi this_o answer_n be_v spread_v abroad_o all_o the_o other_o city_n thereabouts_o dismiss_v they_o with_o the_o like_a scorn_n thence_o they_o pass_v over_o into_o gallia_n narbonensis_n where_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n they_o demand_v of_o those_o people_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o give_v passage_n to_o hannibal_n into_o italy_n through_o their_o country_n but_o be_v no_o better_o receive_v here_o than_o they_o have_v be_v in_o spain_n thus_o without_o any_o success_n in_o their_o negotiation_n they_o return_v by_o the_o way_n of_o marseilles_n to_o rome_n hannibal_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o have_v dismiss_v his_o soldier_n with_o leave_n to_o return_v to_o their_o house_n provide_v they_o all_o meet_v again_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n at_o carthagena_n he_o himself_o go_v to_o cadiz_n to_o offer_v his_o vow_n to_o hercules_n send_v away_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n into_o africa_n or_o to_o castulon_n next_o he_o gather_v 13000_o spanish_a foot_n call_v cetrati_n of_o the_o target_n they_o use_v 1500_o horse_n and_o 800_o mallorquin_n who_o he_o send_v to_o carthage_n and_o in_o return_n in_o the_o same_o fleet_n come_v from_o thence_o 11000_o african_n to_o which_o he_o join_v 800_o ligurians_fw-la and_o give_v they_o to_o his_o brother_n asdrubal_n for_o defence_n of_o spain_n beside_o he_o leave_v he_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n to_o secure_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n all_o the_o hostage_n give_v by_o the_o city_n which_o be_v son_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o saguntum_n under_o the_o care_n of_o a_o noble_a carthaginian_a call_v bostar_n when_o all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v according_a to_o his_o mind_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o a_o army_n compose_v of_o several_a nation_n in_o which_o be_v 90000_o foot_n and_o 12000_o horse_n polybius_n assign_v a_o much_o less_o number_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n he_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o a_o spaniard_n of_o the_o great_a note_n in_o those_o part_n call_v andubal_n with_o he_o he_o rome_n leave_v all_o the_o heavy_a baggage_n of_o the_o army_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o fit_a for_o so_o long_a a_o march_n and_o hanno_n be_v appoint_v with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o stay_v and_o secure_v that_o country_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o pyrenean_n 3000_o of_o the_o carpetani_n or_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n 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have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o so_o wound_v that_o in_o a_o few_o day_n he_o die_v asdrubal_n who_o be_v march_v to_o join_v hanno_n hear_v of_o this_o defeat_n turn_v off_o short_a towards_o the_o sea_n where_o he_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o roman_a seaman_n by_o surprise_n and_o then_o with_o the_o same_o celerity_n for_o fear_v of_o meet_v the_o roman_a army_n that_o be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o repassed_a the_o river_n ebro_n and_o march_v his_o army_n consist_v of_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 1000_o horse_n into_o place_n of_o safety_n from_o ampurdan_n whither_o he_o be_v go_v after_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n scipio_n be_v force_v to_o return_v back_o upon_o the_o ilergetes_n or_o people_n about_o lerida_n for_o that_o after_o his_o departure_n they_o be_v revolt_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v come_v among_o they_o he_o pardon_v all_o
at_o bigerra_n but_o be_v at_o last_v themselves_o vanquish_v and_o slay_v about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tartessii_n upon_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n a_o fierce_a and_o resolute_a people_n take_v arm_n choose_v one_o galbo_n for_o their_o leader_n and_o seize_v the_o city_n asena_n spaniard_n where_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v lay_v up_o much_o corn_n and_o provision_n asdrubal_n soon_o quell_v these_o commotion_n and_o understand_v by_o letter_n from_o carthage_n that_o he_o be_v order_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o italy_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n hannibal_n this_o command_n be_v no_o way_n please_v to_o he_o and_o give_v occasion_n to_o many_o to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o roman_n but_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o obey_v himilco_n the_o son_n of_o bomilcar_n be_v appoint_v his_o successor_n to_o he_o he_o disclose_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o province_n advise_v he_o in_o what_o manner_n he_o be_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o have_v make_v great_a levy_n of_o man_n and_o gather_v much_o money_n to_o pay_v they_o he_o set_v forward_o with_o his_o army_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 539._o the_o two_o scipio_n foresee_v the_o danger_n their_o country_n will_v be_v in_o if_o asdrubal_n pass_v into_o italy_n which_o will_v be_v oppress_v with_o two_o army_n and_o 539._o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o oppose_v one_o resolve_v to_o stop_v or_o at_o least_o divert_v he_o by_o fall_v upon_o those_o people_n that_o side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o this_o purpose_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o iberia_n a_o city_n near_o the_o river_n iberus_n or_o ebro_n from_o which_o it_o take_v name_n but_o asdrubal_n have_v timely_o fortify_v it_o and_o then_o sit_v down_o before_o another_o town_n that_o be_v in_o alliance_n with_o the_o roman_n which_o oblige_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o enterprise_n and_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o friend_n both_o army_n draw_v together_o there_o happen_v several_a skirmish_n 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victory_n be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n at_o rome_n not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o victory_n itself_o as_o because_o it_o hinder_v asdrubal_n from_o pass_v into_o italy_n this_o year_n be_v fatal_a to_o spain_n for_o scarcity_n and_o a_o plague_n which_o destroy_v multitude_n and_o among_o plague_n they_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o the_o wife_n and_o son_n of_o hannibal_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o roman_a senate_n send_v provision_n to_o their_o army_n in_o spain_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n borrow_a money_n of_o the_o merchant_n because_o the_o treasury_n be_v exhaust_v asdrubal_n defeat_n be_v know_v at_o carthage_n mago_n the_o brother_n of_o hannibal_n be_v order_v for_o spain_n with_o the_o fleet_n he_o have_v in_o readiness_n to_o have_v pass_v into_o italy_n he_o arrive_v at_o carthagena_n with_o 60_o galley_n and_o 12000_o man_n in_o they_o where_o he_o find_v himilco_n who_o come_v not_o long_o before_o with_o succour_n from_o carthage_n mago_n arrival_n cause_v a_o great_a alteration_n of_o affair_n for_o they_o who_o after_o their_o defeat_n have_v scarce_o any_o place_n of_o safety_n dare_v now_o take_v the_o field_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n illiturgum_n which_o have_v before_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o be_v revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n place_v their_o army_n of_o 60000_o man_n about_o it_o in_o three_o body_n the_o two_o scipio_n desire_v to_o relieve_v it_o move_v thither_o with_o a_o convoy_n of_o provision_n guard_v by_o 16000_o men._n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o carthaginian_n advance_v to_o prevent_v their_o design_n and_o the_o roman_n not_o flinch_v they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o not_o only_o asdrubal_n but_o mago_n and_o himilco_n who_o come_v to_o his_o aid_n be_v defeat_v the_o slaughter_n be_v great_a than_o the_o number_n of_o the_o conqueror_n 3000_o horse_n be_v take_v and_o 1000_o horse_n more_o in_o the_o camp_n beside_o five_o elephant_n kill_v after_o this_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v gather_v and_o recruit_v their_o force_n attack_v a_o town_n call_v incibile_n 7_o mile_n west_n of_o tortosa_n which_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o relieve_v there_o ensue_v another_o fight_n in_o which_o 3000_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v slay_v and_o as_o many_o take_v beside_o that_o among_o the_o dead_a be_v himilco_n a_o officer_n rout_v of_o great_a esteem_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o incibile_n be_v that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v cheloa_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n iliturgum_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v andujar_n in_o andaluzia_n or_o lietor_n a_o town_n not_o far_o from_o alcaraz_n this_o happen_v in_o autumn_n when_o the_o news_n that_o come_v from_o rome_n add_v no_o small_a joy_n to_o the_o success_n in_o spain_n it_o be_v that_o hannibal_n have_v be_v defeat_v at_o nola_n by_o marcus_n marcellus_n that_o 2000_o spaniard_n have_v desert_v he_o that_o asdrubal_n surname_v the_o bald_a pass_v from_o italy_n into_o africa_n be_v rout_v and_o take_v by_o t._n manlius_n torquatus_n in_o sardinia_n and_o that_o hierom_n the_o grandson_n of_o hieron_n have_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o syracuse_n the_o two_o scipio_n encourage_v by_o these_o news_n resolve_v to_o take_v the_o field_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o wether_n will_v permit_v and_o therefore_o present_o put_v their_o soldier_n into_o quarter_n resolve_v to_o winter_n themselves_o at_o tarragona_n during_o which_o time_n the_o wall_n of_o that_o city_n be_v finish_v as_o appear_v by_o a_o inscription_n on_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alonso_n xi_o king_n of_o castille_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o his_o history_n tarragona_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o small_a plain_n which_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o round_a hillock_n steep_a of_o ascent_n the_o sea_n within_o a_o stone_n throw_v of_o the_o foot_n of_o it_o that_o side_n of_o it_o towards_o the_o east_n very_o rocky_a and_o uncouth_a on_o the_o west_n run_v a_o fruitful_a plain_n above_o 40_o mile_n in_o length_n cover_v with_o vine_n olive_n and_o quince-tree_n abound_v in_o cattle_n and_o corn_n enough_o to_o maintain_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o mile_n from_o this_o city_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o those_o field_n run_v a_o river_n now_o call_v francolin_n former_o tulcis_n who_o water_n be_v more_o useful_a for_o work_v of_o hemp_n and_o flax_n whereof_o there_o be_v plenty_n than_o for_o drink_v now_o whereas_o before_o that_o time_n there_o be_v great_a scarcity_n of_o sweet_a water_n in_o this_o city_n the_o scipio_n after_o the_o roman_a manner_n make_v a_o high_a aqueduct_v which_o convey_v part_n of_o the_o river_n gaya_n into_o it_o though_o 16_o mile_n distant_a this_o aqueduct_v be_v demolish_v as_o florian_n say_v by_o the_o people_n of_o germany_n that_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 266._o and_o the_o city_n suffer_v much_o again_o for_o want_v of_o water_n till_o in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o grandfather_n they_o dig_v a_o deep_a well_o which_o plentiful_o supply_v the_o native_n who_o in_o our_o day_n amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o about_o 700_o family_n the_o space_n within_o the_o wall_n be_v capable_a of_o contain_v about_o 2000_o house_n and_o no_o more_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o winter_n over_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 540._o then_o the_o two_o brother_n 540._o mago_n and_o asdrubal_n gather_v all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v of_o stranger_n and_o native_n take_v the_o field_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o drive_v the_o roman_n out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o spain_n call_v vlterior_fw-la or_o the_o far_o whereof_o they_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n publius_n scipio_n the_o better_a to_o oppose_v their_o design_n pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o vectones_n and_o plant_v his_o camp_n near_o a_o
town_n call_v castrum_n altum_fw-la a_o place_n ominous_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o that_o hamilcar_n the_o father_n of_o hannibal_n be_v there_o slay_v 2000_o roman_a soldier_n be_v here_o kill_v about_o the_o country_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o remove_v into_o another_o part_n that_o be_v at_o peace_n with_o they_o scipio_n fortify_v his_o camp_n on_o the_o mount_n victoria_n suppose_v to_o be_v moncia_n near_o the_o sea_n some_o few_o mile_n beyond_o ebro_n thither_o resort_v cneius_n scipio_n to_o strengthen_v his_o brother_n and_o asdrubal_n the_o son_n of_o gisgo_n to_o attack_v he_o this_o general_n be_v new_o come_v over_o out_o of_o africa_n with_o a_o recruit_v of_o 5000_o men._n both_o camp_n lie_v very_o near_o publius_z scipio_n go_v out_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o be_v beset_v by_o such_o a_o number_n of_o they_o that_o he_o have_v certain_o be_v lose_v but_o that_o his_o brother_n come_v in_o and_o rescue_v he_o nothing_o else_o of_o note_n be_v do_v here_o but_o both_o army_n march_v into_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la and_o into_o andaluzia_n where_o the_o city_n castulon_n be_v revolt_v from_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o have_v force_v out_o their_o garrison_n the_o carthaginian_n upon_o the_o first_o advice_n hereof_o march_v to_o suppress_v this_o commotion_n in_o the_o beginning_n and_o by_o the_o way_n lay_v siege_n to_o illiturgum_n design_v to_o chastise_v that_o city_n first_o as_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o other_o cneius_n scipio_n also_o advance_v to_o succour_v the_o besiege_a and_o with_o only_o one_o legion_n break_v through_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v divide_v in_o two_o part_n and_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n get_v safe_a into_o the_o place_n next_o two_o follow_v day_n he_o make_v such_o vigorous_a sally_n that_o 2000_o of_o the_o enemy_n be_v slay_v and_o 3000_o take_v with_o 13_o illiturgum_n colour_n thus_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v oblige_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o sit_v down_o again_o before_o bigerra_n a_o city_n of_o the_o bastetani_n whither_o be_v pursue_v they_o retire_v to_o aurigis_fw-la suppose_v to_o be_v jaen_n or_o arjona_n the_o roman_n still_o pursue_v at_o their_o heel_n here_o again_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v again_o put_v to_o the_o rout_n 5000_o of_o they_o kill_v and_o 3000_o take_v beside_o 50_o colour_n and_o 30_o elephant_n that_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n cneius_n though_o he_o have_v sustain_v rout_v some_o loss_n and_o be_v himself_o run_v through_o the_o thigh_n with_o a_o spear_n yet_o he_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n in_o a_o litter_n as_o far_o as_o monda_n where_o the_o fight_n be_v renew_v with_o the_o same_o success_n as_o before_o though_o not_o above_o half_a the_o slaughter_n the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n afford_v shelter_n to_o those_o that_o flee_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o spain_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o worst_a condition_n they_o have_v ever_o be_v in_o mago_n be_v send_v into_o gallia_n to_o induce_v menicatus_n and_o civismatus_fw-la two_o great_a man_n with_o who_o hannibal_n have_v settle_v a_o alliance_n to_o pass_v into_o spain_n to_o their_o assistance_n they_o consent_v without_o any_o difficulty_n and_o 9000_o of_o those_o people_n come_v by_o sea_n to_o carthagend_n where_o asdrubal_n be_v provide_v to_o renew_v the_o war._n cneius_n though_o joyful_a with_o his_o victory_n winter_a in_o betica_n or_o andaluzia_n with_o great_a caution_n and_o vigilance_n at_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 541._o both_o army_n take_v the_o field_n and_o come_v to_o a_o 541._o battle_n in_o andaluzia_n with_o the_o same_o courage_n and_o resolution_n as_o before_o the_o success_n be_v still_o the_o same_o the_o execution_n great_a for_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n 8000_o of_o the_o gaul_n almost_o the_o whole_a number_n with_o their_o commander_n civismarus_fw-la and_o menicatus_fw-la perish_v after_o this_o fight_n the_o roman_n bring_v their_o army_n before_o saguntum_n and_o at_o length_n take_v it_o by_o force_n the_o six_o year_n since_o it_o be_v take_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n some_o of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v banish_v and_o flee_v from_o thence_o be_v still_o alive_a they_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o country_n the_o city_n turdetum_n which_o have_v cause_v all_o that_o mischief_n be_v demolish_v and_o lay_v level_a with_o the_o ground_n their_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o saguntines_n and_o their_o people_n be_v sell_v in_o open_a market_n which_o be_v some_o comfort_n and_o revenge_n to_o the_o saguntines_n for_o the_o loss_n they_o have_v sustain_v now_o also_o come_v news_n into_o spain_n that_o the_o city_n arpos_n in_o apulia_n that_o have_v revolt_v to_o hannibal_n be_v take_v by_o the_o consul_n quintus_fw-la fabius_n and_o 1000_o spaniard_n have_v desert_v to_o the_o roman_n which_o give_v they_o no_o small_a hope_n of_o great_a advantage_n and_o therefore_o the_o senate_n order_v the_o two_o scipio_n to_o send_v some_o spaniard_n of_o note_n to_o rome_n who_o may_v induce_v their_o countryman_n to_o forsake_v the_o service_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n winter_n draw_v on_o the_o carthaginian_n resolve_v against_o the_o next_o year_n to_o draw_v over_o to_o roman_n their_o party_n the_o celtiberi_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a people_n by_o offer_v they_o great_a pay_n but_o the_o two_o scipio_n understanding_n their_o design_n prevent_v they_o by_o bid_v more_o and_o by_o way_n of_o honour_n permit_v they_o to_o serve_v under_o the_o roman_a standard_n not_o in_o distinct_a body_n as_o be_v use_v before_o moreover_o to_o oblige_v all_o the_o spaniard_n to_o forsake_v hannibal_n they_o send_v 300_o of_o they_o to_o rome_n who_o arrive_v there_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 542._o four_o ship_n send_v 542._o from_o rome_n with_o provision_n and_o money_n relieve_v their_o army_n that_o begin_v to_o suffer_v want_n but_o their_o joy_n be_v much_o great_a when_o they_o understand_v that_o hanno_n send_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o hannibal_n with_o great_a force_n from_o carthage_n and_o other_o raise_v in_o gaul_n and_o liguria_n be_v defeat_v before_o he_o can_v join_v he_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o city_n of_o syracuse_n in_o sicily_n which_o after_o the_o death_n of_o hierom_n and_o his_o grandson_n hierome_n have_v side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o a_o siege_n which_o last_v three_o year_n be_v take_v by_o marcus_n marcellus_n in_o africa_n syphax_n king_n of_o the_o numidian_n and_o confederate_a with_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v massinissa_n twice_o rout_v by_o massinissa_n who_o kingdom_n lie_v between_o that_o of_o syphax_n and_o carthage_n and_o who_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o confederacy_n with_o carthage_n massinissa_n have_v no_o enemy_n leave_v to_o oppose_v he_o in_o africa_n this_o same_o summer_n land_v at_o carthagena_n with_o 7000_o african_a foot_n and_o 700_o numidian_a horse_n 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spread_v abroad_o that_o the_o spaniard_n who_o side_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v plunder_v the_o house_n of_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o roman_n cneius_n have_v lose_v so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o his_o army_n resolve_v to_o retire_v another_o misfortune_n disappoint_v this_o his_o resolution_n for_o publius_n be_v straighten_v by_o massinissa_n horse_n which_o continual_o be_v skirmish_v before_o his_o intrenchment_n and_o fear_v if_o indibilis_n join_v the_o enemy_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v so_o great_a a_o force_n he_o resolve_v upon_o a_o dangerous_a remedy_n which_o be_v to_o meet_v indibilis_n and_o prevent_v his_o join_v the_o other_o force_n he_o leave_v a_o small_a guard_n in_o the_o trench_n and_o by_o night_n march_v out_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v design_v this_o be_v not_o do_v so_o secret_o but_o the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n of_o it_o massinissa_n come_v up_o with_o overthrow_v his_o horse_n at_o such_o time_n as_o 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their_o multitude_n soon_o slaughter_v that_o small_a number_n cneius_n himself_o have_v play_v the_o part_n of_o a_o wise_a general_n and_o valiant_a soldier_n be_v kill_v a_o person_n of_o slain_n great_a worth_n that_o have_v govern_v spain_n several_a year_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o by_o his_o courtesy_n and_o address_n gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o native_n some_o few_o through_o the_o wood_n escape_v to_o publius_n camp_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v safe_a but_o find_v it_o be_v keep_v by_o titus_n fonteius_n his_o lieutenant_n with_o only_a a_o small_a garrison_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o the_o river_n segura_n and_o a_o town_n call_v ilorcis_fw-la suppose_v to_o be_v lorquin_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n the_o people_n of_o tarragona_n hold_v that_o a_o tower_n which_o stand_v near_o that_o city_n with_o two_o statue_n of_o marble_n on_o it_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o two_o scipio_n chap._n vi_o lucius_n marcius_n check_v the_o 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and_o repass_v the_o river_n ebro_n lucius_n marcius_n the_o son_n of_o septimius_n a_o roman_a knight_n a_o youth_n of_o much_o courage_n who_o have_v be_v a_o tribune_n in_o cneius_n scipio_n army_n gather_v a_o good_a body_n out_o of_o the_o roman_a garrison_n and_o of_o those_o who_o after_o the_o rout_n have_v resort_v to_o he_o join_v and_o give_v new_a life_n to_o those_o under_o fonteius_n so_o great_a be_v the_o joy_n of_o the_o soldier_n for_o his_o come_n that_o they_o choose_v he_o their_o general_n but_o their_o mirth_n be_v shorten_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o news_n that_o asdrubal_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n be_v march_v to_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o mago_n follow_v at_o his_o heel_n so_o great_a be_v the_o consternation_n among_o they_o at_o those_o tiding_n that_o they_o give_v themselves_o over_o for_o lose_v and_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o marcius_n who_o encourage_v and_o persuade_v they_o to_o reassume_a their_o former_a valour_n and_o all_o will_v succeed_v according_a to_o their_o wish_n by_o this_o time_n the_o enemy_n be_v not_o only_o in_o sight_n but_o come_v up_o to_o repulse_v their_o trench_n than_o their_o fear_n turn_v into_o despair_n they_o run_v like_o lion_n to_o the_o work_n and_o not_o satisfy_v with_o repulse_v their_o enemy_n sally_v out_o after_o they_o the_o carthaginian_n security_n as_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a victory_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o be_v now_o astonish_v at_o this_o unexpected_a boldness_n they_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o flee_v marcius_n will_v not_o suffer_v his_o man_n to_o pursue_v for_o fear_v of_o some_o ambush_n but_o be_v satisfy_v with_o that_o success_n sound_v a_o retreat_n at_o which_o the_o soldier_n be_v so_o offend_v they_o threaten_v they_o will_v not_o follow_v he_o upon_o another_o occasion_n this_o retreat_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v wonder_v at_o by_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o attribute_v it_o to_o fear_v they_o encamp_v without_o entrench_v marcius_n let_v not_o slip_v so_o good_a a_o opportunity_n as_o offer_v itself_o but_o communicate_v his_o intention_n to_o the_o soldier_n and_o bide_v they_o take_v their_o rest_n and_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n draw_v they_o out_o at_o the_o four_o watch_n much_o encourage_v because_o they_o see_v a_o light_n about_o his_o head_n which_o be_v receive_v as_o a_o good_a omen_n asdrubal_n camp_n be_v but_o six_o mile_n from_o the_o roman_n and_o between_o they_o a_o valley_n cover_v with_o tree_n where_o marcius_n leave_v three_o company_n of_o foot_n and_o some_o horse_n as_o a_o reserve_n the_o roman_n march_v silent_o and_o there_o be_v no_o guard_n upon_o the_o carthaginian_a camp_n they_o be_v easy_o surprise_v great_a be_v the_o slaughter_n all_o the_o army_n be_v unarm_v and_o asleep_a few_o escape_v for_o those_o that_o think_v to_o save_v themselves_o in_o the_o other_o camp_n fall_v into_o the_o ambush_n and_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n asdrubal_n force_n be_v thus_o destroy_v the_o roman_n with_o the_o same_o resolution_n and_o celerity_n march_v against_o mago_n who_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o disaster_n that_o have_v befall_v the_o other_o just_a at_o sun_n rise_v they_o fall_v in_o upon_o mago_n camp_n and_o enter_v it_o with_o the_o same_o ease_n and_o facility_n they_o have_v do_v the_o other_o but_o the_o fight_n hold_v till_o the_o carthaginian_n perceive_v by_o the_o blood_n on_o the_o roman_a armour_n what_o have_v happen_v to_o their_o fellow_n lose_a courage_n and_o flee_v in_o both_o these_o rencounter_v 37000_o be_v kill_v near_o 2000_o take_v kill_v and_o a_o great_a booty_n all_o that_o make_v this_o success_n inferior_a to_o the_o former_a loss_n be_v that_o the_o carthaginian_a general_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n marcius_n send_v a_o account_n of_o this_o victory_n to_o the_o senate_n where_o many_o be_v offend_v that_o he_o call_v
account_n of_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o liberty_n but_o of_o enlarge_n their_o own_o empire_n this_o give_v they_o occasion_n to_o conspire_v and_o take_v up_o arm_n among_o the_o ceretani_fw-la but_o cethegus_n come_v upon_o they_o with_o speed_n slay_v 15000_o and_o so_o quell_v that_o commotion_n the_o follow_a year_n cornelius_n lentulus_n and_o l._n stertinius_n be_v send_v to_o govern_v spain_n in_o the_o place_n of_o cethegus_n and_o acidinus_n this_o and_o the_o follow_a year_n there_o be_v no_o action_n of_o note_n in_o spain_n only_o that_o by_o 555._o order_n of_o the_o senate_n spain_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o province_n or_o government_n and_o distinguish_v 556._o by_o the_o name_n of_o citerior_fw-la and_o vlterior_fw-la the_o latter_a comprehend_v lusitania_n and_o betica_n or_o portugal_n and_o andaluzia_n and_o the_o former_a all_o the_o other_o part_n to_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 557._o cneius_n sempronius_n tuditanus_n obtain_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la 557._o and_o m._n helvius_n of_o the_o vlterior_fw-la against_o who_o the_o spaniard_n take_v up_o arm_n in_o several_a part_n revolt_n the_o chief_a head_n of_o this_o revolt_n be_v colca_n and_o luscinon_n and_o the_o motive_n that_o encourage_v they_o to_o it_o be_v the_o dismiss_v of_o the_o old_a soldier_n whereby_o they_o think_v the_o roman_a force_n so_o weaken_v as_o not_o to_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o withstand_v they_o acidinus_n adventure_v to_o fight_v with_o part_n of_o they_o be_v defeat_v and_o receive_v some_o wound_n of_o which_o soon_o after_o he_o die_v this_o disaster_n be_v know_v at_o rome_n put_v the_o senate_n into_o much_o fear_n lest_o it_o may_v produce_v a_o dangerous_a war_n the_o force_n of_o spain_n be_v unite_v therefore_o in_o the_o year_n 558._o they_o send_v q._n 558._o fabius_n buteo_n into_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la and_o q._n minucius_n thermus_n into_o the_o citerior_fw-la but_o these_o during_o the_o year_n of_o their_o government_n do_v nothing_o remarkable_a save_v that_o thermus_n cut_v off_o 12000_o spaniard_n near_o the_o city_n turba_n this_o nothing_o abate_v the_o senate_n care_n and_o therefore_o they_o order_v that_o the_o succeed_a consul_n shall_v cast_v lot_n for_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o let_v fell_a upon_o m._n porcius_n cato_n who_o according_o sail_v thither_o in_o the_o year_n 559._o with_o two_o legion_n and_o twenty_o five_o galley_n he_o be_v the_o first_o consul_n send_v into_o spain_n and_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v 559._o spain_n order_v that_o publius_n manlius_n shall_v command_v in_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o appius_n claudius_n nero_n in_o the_o vlterior_fw-la with_o the_o title_n of_o praetor_n cato_n land_v near_o rose_n whence_o he_o drive_v the_o spanish_a garrison_n and_o then_o go_v on_o to_o ampurias_fw-la that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n which_o the_o greek_n inhabit_v receive_v he_o with_o joy_n but_o this_o be_v the_o lesser_a as_o not_o above_o 400_o pace_n in_o circumference_n whereas_o the_o other_o in_o which_o be_v the_o spaniard_n divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o wall_n be_v three_o mile_n round_o there_o be_v only_o one_o gate_n in_o this_o wall_n which_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o greek_n always_o guard_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v preserve_v their_o liberty_n till_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o spaniard_n abhor_v the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o rely_v on_o their_o multitude_n and_o hope_v of_o speedy_a relief_n resolve_v to_o stand_v it_o out_o cato_z as_o soon_o as_o he_o encamp_v before_o the_o city_n dismiss_v all_o the_o commissary_n of_o provision_n and_o send_v the_o galley_n away_o to_o marseilles_n thereby_o to_o oblige_v the_o soldier_n to_o live_v upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o country_n and_o take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o a_o retreat_n at_o the_o same_o time_n helvius_n come_v out_o of_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la to_o attend_v the_o consul_n 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and_o dismiss_v the_o garrison_n without_o any_o ransom_n all_o the_o country_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o river_n ebro_n be_v secure_v by_o this_o success_n the_o consul_n depart_v for_o tarragona_n but_o the_o bergistani_n lay_v hold_n of_o this_o opportunity_n revolt_v and_o be_v as_o soon_o subdue_v and_o still_o offer_v to_o mutiny_n they_o be_v all_o sell_v as_o slave_n a_o severe_a punishment_n but_o necessary_a example_n to_o terrify_v other_o some_o place_n the_o bergistani_n near_o the_o city_n tiruel_a other_o near_a huesca_n where_o now_o be_v a_o town_n call_v bergua_n cato_n design_v to_o march_v towards_o the_o turdetani_n a_o people_n of_o andaluzia_n as_o have_v be_v say_v who_o after_o they_o have_v be_v defeat_v by_o manlius_n and_o nero_n intend_v to_o renew_v the_o war_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n to_o secure_v the_o province_n behind_o he_o he_o resolve_v to_o disarm_v all_o the_o people_n beyond_o ebro_n this_o be_v so_o grievous_a to_o many_o of_o they_o that_o they_o slay_v themselves_o rather_o than_o deliver_v their_o weapon_n whereupon_o the_o consul_n alter_v his_o resolution_n send_v his_o order_n to_o all_o part_n for_o demolish_n the_o wall_n of_o town_n which_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n news_n be_v bring_v that_o manlius_n the_o praetor_n have_v appease_v the_o commotion_n among_o the_o turdetani_n hereupon_o the_o consul_n march_v up_o the_o country_n and_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n stop_v not_o till_o he_o come_v before_o segoncia_n now_o siguença_n where_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n have_v lay_v up_o all_o their_o riches_n the_o booty_n be_v great_a but_o there_o be_v little_a hope_n of_o take_v the_o town_n he_o march_v on_o to_o numantia_n as_o appear_v by_o aulus_n gellius_n nothing_o of_o note_n be_v do_v in_o those_o part_n about_o the_o pyrenean_n the_o ceretani_fw-la ausetani_n
and_o suessetani_n submit_v themselves_o the_o lacetani_n who_o lie_v far_o off_o be_v also_o bring_v under_o thus_o all_o thing_n be_v quiet_v in_o spain_n the_o roman_a submit_v revenue_n increase_v by_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n and_o new_a praetor_n come_v from_o rome_n cato_n return_v thither_o and_o be_v receive_v in_o triumph_n in_o which_o he_o carry_v 148000_o pound_n of_o silver_n and_o 540_o pound_n of_o gold_n to_o each_o foot_n soldier_n he_o give_v seven_o spain_n ass_n and_o three_o time_n the_o sum_n to_o the_o horse_n after_o this_o as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v he_o take_v spain_n into_o his_o protection_n and_o defend_v it_o against_o all_o wrong_n after_o this_o many_o praetor_n come_v from_o rome_n to_o govern_v spain_n the_o first_o be_v lucius_n digicius_n for_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la famous_a for_o the_o mural_a crown_n he_o gain_v at_o carthagena_n and_o publius_n scipio_n nasica_n the_o son_n of_o cneius_n adjudge_v by_o the_o senate_n the_o holy_a man_n in_o rome_n these_o be_v succeed_v by_o manius_n fulvius_n nobilior_n who_o take_v toledo_n than_o a_o small_a but_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o caius_z flaminius_z this_o flaminius_n be_v continue_v and_o instead_o of_o fulvius_n flaminius_n come_v l._n aemilius_n lepidus_n afterward_o call_v macedonicus_n for_o overcome_v perseus_n king_n of_o macedon_n next_o come_v l._n paulus_n hypseus_n into_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o l._n bebius_n dive_v into_o the_o vlterior_fw-la but_o the_o latter_a be_v kill_v in_o liguria_n pub._n junius_n brutus_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n lucius_n manlius_n acidinus_n govern_v hispania_n citerior_fw-la the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n follow_v and_o catinius_n caius_z catinius_n the_o vlterior_fw-la during_o which_o time_n nothing_o of_o note_n happen_v caius_n calpurnius_n piso_n and_o lucius_n quintius_n crispinus_n succeed_v they_o in_o the_o year_n 568._o which_o same_o year_n catinius_n be_v kill_v in_o a_o battle_n in_o lusitania_n before_o his_o successor_n arrive_v two_o year_n after_o aulus_n terentius_n varro_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n citerior_fw-la and_o paulus_n sempronius_n 568._o gracchus_n longus_n of_o the_o vlterior_fw-la publius_n manlius_n he_o that_o be_v praetor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o cato_n succeed_v the_o former_a of_o those_o two_o and_o q._n fulvius_n flaccus_n the_o latter_a this_o flaccus_n overthrow_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n in_o a_o battle_n fight_v near_o a_o town_n call_v ebura_n which_o i_o believe_v ptolemy_n call_v libura_n and_o be_v now_o talavera_n these_o praetor_n govern_v spain_n two_o year_n and_o then_o come_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o the_o first_o l._n posthumius_fw-la albinus_n and_o of_o the_o other_o tib._n sempronius_n gracchus_n by_o the_o valour_n of_o this_o gracchus_n many_o victory_n be_v obtain_v and_o numantia_n become_v confederate_a with_o rome_n as_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o beside_o he_o either_o build_v or_o beautify_v the_o city_n of_o he_o call_v gracchurris_n near_o numantia_n where_o now_o agreda_n stand_v there_o be_v a_o coin_n to_o be_v see_v in_o spain_n with_o the_o name_n of_o gracchiorris_n and_o albinus_n both_o together_o in_o the_o year_n 576._o m._n titinius_n curvus_n be_v choose_v praetor_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o quintus_fw-la fonteius_n of_o the_o vlterior_fw-la they_o continue_v three_o year_n and_o it_o be_v not_o know_v what_o praetor_n succeed_v they_o but_o we_o have_v a_o account_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 579._o appius_n claudius_n centho_n have_v the_o honour_n call_v ovatio_n grant_v he_o for_o a_o victory_n obtain_v over_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 580._o come_v servilius_n cepio_n to_o the_o province_n citerior_fw-la and_o furius_n philo_n to_o the_o vlterior_fw-la their_o 576._o successor_n be_v m._n marcienus_n and_o cneius_n fabius_n buteo_n but_o because_o buteo_n die_v by_o the_o way_n fonteius_n at_o marseilles_n furius_n continue_v his_o command_n till_o in_o the_o year_n 582._o spurius_n lucretius_n be_v send_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o marcus_z junius_z the_o other_z after_o this_o the_o two_o province_n be_v again_o incorporate_v and_o the_o government_n of_o all_o spain_n commit_v to_o lucius_n canuleyu_v as_o praetor_n before_o he_o set_v out_o of_o rome_n he_o be_v constitute_v judge_n between_o the_o spanish_a ambassador_n and_o the_o 579._o former_a praetor_n who_o be_v accuse_v of_o receive_v bribe_n and_o defraud_v the_o country_n the_o buteo_n praetor_n be_v clear_v because_o the_o roman_a senator_n use_v great_a severity_n towards_o other_o but_o wink_v at_o fault_n among_o themselves_o to_o the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o people_n and_o loss_n of_o their_o own_o reputation_n however_o to_o please_v the_o native_n it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o roman_a governor_n shall_v not_o sell_v corn_n at_o rate_n set_v by_o themselves_o and_o that_o the_o spaniard_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o farm_n the_o imposition_n call_v vicesima_fw-la at_o the_o pretor_n will_n and_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o farmer_n of_o the_o revenue_n but_o that_o the_o care_n of_o receive_v and_o improve_n it_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o corporation_n another_o embassy_n be_v send_v from_o spain_n to_o know_v what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o the_o bastard_n call_v hybridae_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o roman_a soldier_n 582._o and_o spanish_a mother_n desire_v land_n may_v be_v assign_v they_o it_o be_v agree_v to_o by_o the_o senate_n canuleyu_v that_o land_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o those_o who_o canuleyu_v the_o praetor_n think_v fit_a to_o deliver_v out_o of_o slavery_n for_o they_o be_v sell_v as_o slave_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v carry_v they_o to_o carteia_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v deem_v a_o roman_a colony_n which_o be_v the_o first_o in_o spain_n and_o call_v colonia_n libertinorum_fw-la canuleyu_v have_v govern_v two_o year_n marcus_n marcellus_n succeed_v he_o in_o 585._o the_o year_n 585._o strabo_n say_v he_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o cordova_n but_o silius_n italicus_n make_v mention_n nerva_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hannibal_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v he_o only_o enlarge_v and_o beautify_v it_o give_v it_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o a_o roman_a free-town_n fonteius_n balbus_n succeed_v marcellus_n after_o he_o spain_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o two_o province_n and_o so_o govern_v by_o cneius_n fulvius_n and_o c._n licinius_n nerva_n in_o the_o time_n of_o judas_n the_o machabee_n that_o most_o renown_a general_n of_o the_o jew_n who_o settle_a friendship_n with_o the_o roman_n thus_o i_o will_v conclude_v the_o account_n of_o the_o praetor_n which_o will_v not_o be_v please_v if_o continue_v nor_o be_v it_o easy_a to_o perform_v or_o proper_a to_o fill_v up_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o spanish_a history_n with_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o roman_a the_o end_n of_o book_n ii_o the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o first_o war_n of_o numantia_n and_o peace_n conclude_v with_o that_o city_n the_o war_n in_o lusitania_n and_o other_o part_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o praetor_n sergius_n galba_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 601._o be_v sow_v the_o seed_n of_o a_o last_a and_o bloody_a war_n in_o spain_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o various_a success_n and_o at_o last_o prove_v fatal_a to_o description_n the_o spaniard_n the_o first_o beginner_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o numantia_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a people_n grow_v weary_a of_o the_o roman_a yoke_n and_o provoke_v by_o the_o wrong_n they_o sustain_v the_o city_n numantia_n once_o the_o terror_n of_o rome_n and_o glory_n of_o spain_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o utmost_a northern_a border_n of_o celtiberia_n among_o the_o arevaci_n a_o league_n above_o soria_n on_o the_o ground_n where_o now_o be_v the_o bridge_n of_o garay_n not_o far_o from_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n duero_n where_o some_o footstep_n of_o it_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v it_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n than_o art_n be_v build_v on_o a_o hill_n not_o steep_a but_o difficult_a of_o access_n by_o reason_n or_o the_o mountain_n that_o encompass_v it_o on_o three_o side_n on_o the_o south_n side_n be_v a_o beautiful_a and_o fertile_a plain_n which_o run_v along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n tera_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o league_n till_o it_o mix_v with_o the_o river_n duero_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n it_o be_v neither_o gird_v with_o a_o wall_n nor_o strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n or_o tower_n but_o for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o cattle_n graze_v it_o stretch_v out_o far_o than_o be_v convenient_a to_o encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n however_o there_o be_v a_o fort_n or_o citadel_n capable_a of_o oppose_v any_o enemy_n where_o in_o time_n of_o war_n they_o use_v to_o secure_v all_o
their_o riches_n the_o number_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v small_a not_o exceed_v 4000_o man_n fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n other_o double_v this_o number_n their_o manner_n of_o life_n be_v constant_o enure_v to_o labour_n make_v they_o hardy_a and_o bold_a they_o be_v courageous_a in_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o prudent_a in_o manage_v of_o it_o sempronius_n gracchus_n when_o he_o govern_v spain_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o numantian_o and_o other_o neighbour_a people_n upon_o these_o article_n that_o they_o shall_v neither_o found_v nor_o fortify_v only_a town_n or_o erect_v fort_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n gracchus_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v their_o tribute_n at_o such_o time_n and_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v appoint_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v repair_v to_o the_o roman_a standard_n whensoever_o call_v upon_o among_o the_o arevaci_n be_v also_o another_o city_n call_v segeda_n 40_o furlong_n in_o compass_n appianus_n place_n it_o in_o the_o extremity_n of_o celtiberia_n among_o the_o beli_n perhaps_o where_o be_v now_o the_o city_n osma_n this_o city_n and_o the_o neighbour_a place_n private_o make_v a_o league_n and_o begin_v to_o fortify_v and_o provide_v themselves_o for_o war_n have_v receive_v command_v from_o the_o roman_a senate_n to_o desist_v from_o those_o preparation_n to_o pay_v their_o tribute_n and_o repair_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n they_o still_o delay_v time_n upon_o several_a pretence_n and_o frame_v excuse_n hence_o spring_v that_o war_n in_o which_o numantia_n as_o be_v near_o and_o ally_v to_o they_o be_v also_o involve_v and_o the_o roman_n fear_v unless_o speedy_o remedy_v that_o evil_o may_v grow_v to_o a_o great_a head_n have_v immediate_o recourse_n to_o arms._n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o roman_n in_o lusitania_n by_o cesaro_n who_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n have_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o liberty_n and_o be_v successor_n to_o another_o commander_n call_v africanus_n that_o be_v kill_v with_o a_o stone_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o a_o town_n these_o commotion_n be_v look_v upon_o at_o rome_n to_o be_v of_o such_o dangerous_a consequence_n that_o after_o lucius_n mummius_n have_v be_v appoint_v praetor_n of_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o send_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n with_o a_o consular_a army_n to_o the_o war_n against_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la and_o whereas_o the_o consul_n use_v to_o be_v choose_v in_o december_n and_o enter_v upon_o their_o command_n in_o march_n it_o be_v now_o anticipate_v and_o they_o commence_v from_o the_o first_o of_o january_n which_o be_v afterward_o continue_v into_o spain_n be_v send_v the_o consul_n q._n fulvius_n nobilior_n with_o considerable_a force_n the_o segedani_n know_v all_o these_o preparation_n tend_v to_o their_o ruin_n spain_n send_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o the_o arevaci_n and_o choose_v for_o their_o commander_n one_o carus_n a_o man_n of_o great_a experience_n in_o warlike_a affair_n this_o man_n think_v to_o perform_v some_o remarkable_a act_n whereby_o he_o may_v at_o first_o gain_v reputation_n lay_v a_o ambush_n for_o the_o consul_n who_o be_v march_v with_o 30000_o men._n his_o design_n succeed_v so_o far_o that_o he_o slay_v 6000_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n but_o pursue_v his_o victory_n too_o far_o the_o roman_a horse_n who_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n come_v up_o kill_v he_o and_o make_v great_a havoc_n among_o his_o men._n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 29_o of_o august_n on_o the_o day_n the_o roman_n celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o vulcan_n call_v vulcanalia_fw-la so_o great_a be_v the_o dread_a conceive_v on_o both_o side_n that_o for_o several_a day_n they_o avoid_v meet_v one_o another_o on_o the_o same_o night_n the_o arevaci_n meet_v at_o numantia_n which_o be_v near_o the_o field_n of_o battle_n and_o there_o instead_o of_o carus_n choose_v haraco_n and_o leucon_n for_o their_o leader_n the_o numantian_o name_v one_o lintheus_n to_o command_v they_o three_o day_n after_o the_o fight_n engagement_n the_o consul_n encamp_v within_o four_o mile_n of_o numantia_n in_o his_o army_n beside_o the_o other_o force_n be_v 10_o elephant_n and_o 500_o numidian_a horse_n send_v not_o long_o before_o by_o massinissa_n out_o of_o africa_n he_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n and_o they_o again_o resolve_v to_o try_v their_o fortune_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o roman_n open_v their_o rank_n the_o elephant_n advance_v through_o which_o strike_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o celtiberi_n and_o their_o horse_n that_o they_o flee_v into_o the_o city_n the_o roman_n pursue_v close_o think_v to_o have_v enter_v with_o they_o and_o have_v do_v it_o but_o that_o a_o elephant_n be_v wound_v on_o the_o head_n with_o a_o stone_n grow_v enrage_v and_o turn_v back_o upon_o his_o own_o man_n which_o the_o other_o elephant_n see_v do_v the_o like_a disorder_v the_o roman_a battle_n and_o kill_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o numantian_o lay_v hold_n of_o this_o opportunity_n rally_v and_o drive_v the_o roman_n into_o their_o camp_n of_o the_o latter_a 4000_o be_v kill_v in_o two_o engagement_n of_o the_o former_a 2000_o not_o far_o off_o be_v a_o city_n call_v axenia_n a_o place_n axenia_n much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n after_o the_o battle_n the_o consul_n think_v to_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n but_o be_v repulse_v with_o great_a loss_n and_o shame_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o these_o defeat_v the_o city_n ocile_n where_o the_o roman_n lay_v up_o magazine_n and_o leave_v their_o baggage_n revolt_a to_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la the_o consul_n terrify_v hereat_o and_o fear_v leave_v other_o place_n may_v follow_v the_o example_n fortify_v his_o camp_n near_o numantia_n and_o winter_a there_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n through_o the_o violent_a cold_a and_o want_v of_o provision_n this_o be_v what_o happen_v in_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la in_o the_o vlterior_fw-la at_o the_o same_o time_n mummius_n wage_v war_n with_o the_o lusitani_n at_o first_o with_o various_a event_n but_o in_o the_o conclusion_n with_o success_n in_o the_o first_o fight_v the_o roman_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n too_o violent_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o cesaro_n to_o rally_v and_o wrest_v the_o victory_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n 10000_o be_v slay_v their_o camp_n take_v and_o the_o lusitanian_o show_v their_o booty_n in_o all_o part_n as_o trophy_n of_o their_o valour_n success_n make_v they_o lusitanian_o negligent_a and_o mummius_n who_o be_v retire_v with_o about_o 5000_o man_n take_v the_o advantage_n fall_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v celebrate_v feast_n for_o joy_n of_o their_o victory_n easy_o put_v they_o to_o the_o rout_n and_o recover_v several_a colour_n he_o have_v lose_v before_o cesaro_n it_o seem_v die_v in_o this_o rencounter_n for_o in_o his_o stead_n be_v choose_v cantheneus_n who_o take_v cunistorgis_n a_o city_n belong_v to_o the_o roman_n among_o the_o cunii_n in_o that_o part_n of_o andaluzia_n where_o now_o niebla_n stand_v thence_o he_o march_v to_o cadiz_n and_o so_o with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n over_o into_o africa_n that_o part_n which_o remain_v be_v in_o several_a battle_n weaken_v by_o mummius_n and_o at_o last_o a_o body_n of_o they_o cut_v off_o so_o entire_o there_o be_v not_o one_o leave_v to_o carry_v home_o the_o news_n thus_o the_o lusitani_n be_v subdue_v and_o bring_v under_o command_n for_o which_o the_o year_n follow_v 602._o mummius_n obtain_v a_o 602._o triumph_n at_o rome_n m._n claudius_n marcellus_n be_v send_v with_o 8000_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n to_o succeed_v fulvius_n fulvius_n the_o government_n of_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la be_v give_v to_o marcus_n atilius_n the_o first_o thing_n marcellus_n undertake_v be_v to_o reduce_v the_o city_n ocile_n which_o have_v compass_v though_o their_o crime_n be_v great_a he_o will_v not_o destroy_v it_o but_o cause_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o pay_v 30_o talent_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war._n not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v nertobriga_n as_o may_v be_v guesed_a by_o ptolemy_n little_a distant_a from_o tarragona_n and_o calatayud_n ambassador_n come_v fromt_v hence_o offer_v up_o the_o town_n to_o the_o consul_n he_o order_v they_o to_o send_v he_o 100_o horse_n afterward_o because_o some_o few_o of_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o baggage_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n he_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o excuse_n but_o sell_v their_o horseman_n destroy_v the_o country_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n they_o again_o send_v ambassador_n excuse_v themselves_o show_v they_o have_v be_v sufficient_o punish_v and_o pray_v they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o desperate_a course_n still_o the_o consul_n persit_v he_o will_v not_o hearken_v
portugal_n give_v viriatus_n a_o great_a overthrow_n but_o he_o gather_v his_o force_n return_v upon_o he_o with_o such_o vigour_n that_o the_o victor_n have_v receive_v much_o damage_n though_o it_o be_v the_o middle_n of_o autumn_n be_v glad_a to_o retire_v to_o cordova_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v winter_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o without_o take_v any_o care_n of_o the_o spaniard_n their_o confederate_n or_o the_o other_o roman_n who_o be_v in_o weak_a garrison_n and_o leave_v expose_v to_o eminent_a danger_n metellus_n subdue_v the_o celtiberi_fw-la pliny_n say_v he_o overcome_v the_o arevaci_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n the_o year_n 612._o and_o the_o consul_n q._n fabius_n servilius_n be_v send_v against_o viriatus_n with_o 18000_o foot_n and_o 1500_o horse_n beside_o those_o force_n micipsa_n the_o son_n of_o massinissa_n send_v he_o 10_o elephant_n and_o 300_o horse_n out_o of_o africa_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o mighty_a army_n join_v to_o what_o be_v before_o under_o the_o roman_a pay_n viriatus_n who_o lie_v hide_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o andaluzia_n with_o frequent_a excursion_n do_v 612._o great_a damage_n and_o obtain_v many_o advantage_n till_o the_o roman_n remove_v their_o camp_n to_o utica_n viriatus_n former_o a_o city_n of_o andaluzia_n then_o viriatus_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n retire_v with_o his_o army_n into_o lusitania_n the_o consul_n be_v rid_v of_o that_o danger_n march_v to_o the_o cunei_n where_o he_o overcome_v two_o captain_n of_o robber_n call_v curio_n and_o apuleyus_fw-la and_o carry_v some_o town_n by_o force_n that_o be_v hold_v for_o viriatus_n with_o strong_a garrison_n a_o great_a booty_n be_v take_v and_o a_o multitude_n of_o prisoner_n 500_o whereof_o that_o be_v find_v most_o guilty_a he_o put_v to_o death_n 10000_o more_o be_v sell_v as_o slave_n metellus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n gain_v much_o honour_n by_o entire_o reduce_v the_o celtiberi_n and_o take_v the_o famous_a city_n contrebia_n versobriga_n and_o centobriga_n then_o hear_v that_o the_o consul_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v he_o he_o be_v so_o offend_v at_o it_o that_o to_o weaken_v his_o force_n he_o dismiss_v the_o soldier_n neglect_v the_o magazine_n and_o starve_v the_o elephant_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o triumph_n he_o have_v otherwise_o well_o deserve_v be_v refuse_v he_o at_o rome_n q._n pompeius_n come_v to_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 613._o servilianus_n be_v continue_v by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o his_o command_n where_o he_o receive_v into_o favour_n canoba_n a_o captain_n of_o 613._o robber_n who_o submit_v himself_o and_o force_v viriatus_n who_o lie_v before_o the_o city_n vacia_n to_o raise_v spain_n his_o siege_n and_o fly_v away_o whereupon_o many_o neighbour_a town_n submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v active_a and_o vigilant_a so_o be_v he_o no_o less_o severe_a or_o rather_o cruel_a for_o he_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o canoba_n man_n and_o 500_o other_o prisoner_n because_o they_o have_v desert_v from_o his_o camp_n this_o action_n in_o stead_n of_o terrify_v the_o native_n put_v they_o upon_o desperate_a counsel_n the_o roman_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n erisana_n viriatus_n without_o be_v discover_v get_v in_o by_o night_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n make_v such_o a_o furious_a sally_n that_o he_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o flight_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o those_o that_o escape_v draw_v up_o in_o a_o place_n of_o no_o strength_n where_o they_o be_v in_o great_a they_o danger_n of_o perish_v but_o viriatus_n lay_v hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o obtain_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o roman_n save_v their_o life_n viriatus_n be_v call_v a_o friend_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o that_o his_o man_n have_v plunder_v be_v allow_v they_o a_o great_a shame_n and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n quintus_fw-la pompeius_n hold_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la two_o year_n but_o because_o the_o province_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o metellus_n have_v leave_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n have_v not_o the_o opportunity_n of_o do_v any_o action_n of_o note_n on_o the_o contrary_a servilius_n who_o by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n have_v vacate_v the_o peace_n he_o make_v before_o near_o the_o city_n arsa_n put_v viriatus_n to_o the_o rout_n and_o pursue_v he_o viriatus_n into_o carpetania_n where_o by_o a_o stratagem_n he_o get_v away_o he_o draw_v out_o his_o man_n as_o if_o intend_v to_o give_v battle_n place_v his_o horse_n in_o the_o front_n and_o whilst_o the_o roman_n be_v form_v their_o body_n cause_v his_o foot_n to_o slip_v away_o through_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v near_o that_o do_v the_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o swiftness_n get_v off_o the_o consul_n despair_v of_o take_v so_o subtle_a a_o enemy_n march_v to_o the_o vectones_n in_o estremadura_n and_o thence_o without_o stop_v into_o galicia_n where_o all_o be_v in_o disorder_n and_o full_a of_o murder_n and_o robbery_n viriatus_n tire_v with_o so_o last_a a_o war_n and_o fear_v his_o man_n shall_v make_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o head_n send_v three_o ambassador_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o consul_n the_o mean_v he_o choose_v to_o secure_v himself_o prove_v his_o ruin_n for_o servilius_n corrupt_v the_o ambassador_n who_o at_o their_o return_n murder_v viriatus_n as_o he_o lie_v sleep_v his_o funeral_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o tear_n of_o his_o soldier_n afterward_o with_o sport_n and_o the_o viriatus_n sacrifice_n of_o much_o cattle_n the_o murderer_n petition_v the_o senate_n at_o rome_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o service_n receive_v answer_v that_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o soldier_n kill_v their_o general_n to_o viriatus_n succeed_v in_o the_o command_n one_o tantalus_n but_o he_o not_o be_v of_o equal_a authority_n valour_n and_o conduct_v soon_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v receive_v to_o grace_n these_o and_o the_o other_o lusitani_n be_v disarm_v and_o land_n allot_v they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o tilling_n and_o the_o care_n of_o their_o cattle_n they_o may_v be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o live_v in_o subjection_n and_o want_v the_o power_n of_o revolt_a chap._n iii_o the_o second_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o numantia_n the_o consul_n mancinus_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o that_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o scipio_n africanus_n send_v against_o they_o the_o city_n destroy_v the_o very_a year_n that_o viriatus_n be_v murder_v by_o his_o own_o man_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 614._o the_o numantian_o again_o revolt_a the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o metellus_n have_v subdue_v the_o 614._o celtiberi_n there_o remain_v only_o the_o numantian_o and_o termestini_n who_o by_o former_a treaty_n be_v revolt_v declare_v friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o consequent_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n the_o termestini_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v about_o nine_o league_n from_o numantia_n where_o now_o stand_v a_o chapel_n call_v of_o our_o lady_n of_o tiermes_n pompey_n intend_v to_o bring_v they_o under_o subjection_n take_v for_o a_o pretence_n to_o fall_v out_o with_o they_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v into_o their_o city_n the_o segedani_n who_o have_v side_v with_o viriatus_n segeda_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v among_o the_o beli_n and_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o town_n betwixt_o soria_n and_o osma_n believe_v to_o be_v the_o remnant_n of_o that_o city_n this_o crime_n be_v not_o great_a yet_o the_o numantian_o send_v ambassador_n to_o excuse_v it_o who_o pompey_n turn_v back_o with_o disgrace_n still_o the_o numantian_o send_v other_o renounce_v their_o friendship_n with_o the_o segedani_n and_o desire_v to_o renew_v the_o peace_n and_o alliance_n they_o have_v make_v with_o gracchus_n pompey_n reply_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o treat_v of_o peace_n unless_o they_o lay_v down_o their_o arms._n all_o hope_n of_o a_o accommodation_n be_v thus_o out_o off_o the_o numantian_o provide_v for_o war_n and_o to_o this_o effect_n raise_v 8000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n a_o small_a number_n but_o of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n megara_n a_o man_n of_o great_a experience_n be_v appoint_v to_o command_v these_o men._n pompey_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o encamp_v near_o numantia_n with_o 30000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n the_o numantian_o keep_v they_o in_o continual_a alarm_n yet_o so_o that_o they_o always_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n which_o pompey_n perceive_v sit_v down_o before_o termancia_n whence_o he_o be_v also_o force_v to_o retire_v in_o great_a disorder_n by_o a_o sally_n the_o besiege_a make_v next_o day_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o
legate_n with_o consular_a power_n as_o begin_v then_o to_o be_v use_v in_o other_o province_n beside_o the_o province_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o augustus_n and_o the_o senate_n so_o that_o in_o spain_n only_a betica_n or_o andaluzia_n fall_v to_o the_o senate_n hereupon_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la have_v two_o governous_a one_o over_o betica_n appoint_v by_o the_o senate_n the_o other_o over_o lusitania_n choose_v by_o augustus_n thus_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n be_v in_o peace_n many_o roman_a colony_n be_v found_v which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o native_n to_o change_v their_o manner_n and_o language_n for_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n as_o strabo_n witness_v in_o the_o height_n of_o this_o prosperity_n when_o spain_n flourish_v with_o riches_n and_o plenty_n there_o break_v out_o a_o new_a war_n which_o prove_v more_o fierce_a and_o bloody_a than_o be_v imagine_v this_o be_v war_n be_v begin_v by_o the_o cantabri_n a_o fierce_a people_n till_o than_o 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cneius_n cepius_fw-la calvus_n which_o be_v a_o long_a time_n than_o they_o spend_v in_o conquer_a any_o other_o province_n augustus_n will_v not_o accept_v of_o the_o triumph_n but_o sport_n be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o temple_n of_o janus_n at_o rome_n be_v now_o the_o four_o time_n shut_v the_o soldier_n that_o have_v serve_v their_o appoint_a time_n according_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v discharge_v and_o land_n give_v they_o in_o that_o country_n we_o now_o call_v estremadura_n than_o a_o part_n of_o lusitania_n where_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o guadiana_n they_o found_v a_o colony_n for_o that_o reason_n call_v emerita_n augusta_n now_o merida_n in_o its_o time_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o spain_n rasis_fw-la the_o arab_n relate_v thing_n almost_o incredible_a of_o its_o grandeur_n and_o far_o say_v it_o be_v spain_n destroy_v by_o the_o moor_n at_o their_o first_o come_v into_o spain_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n where_o before_o 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be_v of_o double_a inclination_n some_o good_a etc._n but_o more_o bad._n at_o first_o he_o gain_v credit_n by_o his_o good_a government_n and_o soon_o lose_v it_o by_o his_o excessive_a luxury_n cruelty_n and_o avarice_n in_o his_o time_n germanicus_n wage_v war_n in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o france_n and_o it_o be_v know_v in_o spain_n that_o he_o suffer_v great_a want_n of_o all_o necessary_n they_o send_v he_o arm_n horse_n and_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o last_o he_o refuse_v but_o accept_v of_o the_o rest_n return_v thanks_o to_o the_o spaniard_n for_o their_o affection_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o tiberius_n at_o which_o time_n also_o leave_n be_v give_v to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la to_o build_v a_o temple_n in_o honour_n of_o augustus_n those_o of_o hispania_n ulterior_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v behind_o hand_n with_o the_o other_o in_o flattery_n beg_v leave_v to_o build_v a_o 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son_n of_o god_n who_o suffer_v in_o his_o time_n the_o emperor_n tiberius_n die_v on_o the_o 16_o of_o march_n in_o the_o 78th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n which_o 38._o be_v of_o christ_n 38._o cneius_n acceronius_n proculus_n and_o c._n porcius_n niger_n be_v consul_n caius_z the_o son_n of_o germanicus_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o empire_n and_o of_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o buskin_n he_o wear_v day_n call_v in_o latin_a caligae_fw-la he_o have_v the_o name_n of_o caligula_n he_o be_v only_o remarkable_a for_o madness_n which_o last_v all_o his_o life_n and_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o death_n be_v kill_v by_o cherea_n one_o of_o the_o captain_n of_o his_o guard_n aemelius_n regulus_n of_o cordova_n have_v attempt_v the_o same_o before_o but_o fail_v of_o the_o execution_n and_o suffer_v death_n his_o power_n last_v but_o three_o year_n ten_o month_n and_o eight_o day_n which_o be_v spend_v in_o extravagant_a vice_n and_o enormity_n caligula_n be_v dead_a caius_n claudius_n his_o uncle_n by_o the_o father_n who_o lie_v hide_v for_o fear_n of_o be_v kill_v be_v bring_v out_o and_o proclaim_a emperor_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 42._o this_o emperor_n be_v whole_o addict_v to_o vice_n but_o above_o all_o his_o carelessness_n be_v such_o that_o his_o wife_n messalina_n dare_v presume_v public_o and_o almost_o in_o his_o sight_n to_o marry_v a_o young_a noble_a man_n called_z silius_z it_o be_v true_a she_o be_v at_o 42._o length_n though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n execute_v for_o it_o this_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n to_o commit_v another_o enormity_n for_o he_o marry_v agrippina_n his_o niece_n daughter_n to_o his_o brother_n germanicus_n such_o marriage_n be_v forbid_v among_o the_o roman_n but_o he_o make_v a_o law_n which_o declare_v it_o lawful_a for_o uncle_n to_o marry_v their_o niece_n he_o hold_v the_o roman_a empire_n almost_o 14_o year_n in_o his_o time_n drusilaus_n rotundus_fw-la govern_v hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o vmbonius_n silus_n betica_fw-la now_o also_o spain_n christianity_n be_v first_o preach_v and_o begin_v to_o take_v root_n in_o spain_n for_o james_n the_o son_n of_o zebedee_n surname_v the_o great_a after_o preach_v in_o judea_n and_o samaria_n come_v into_o spain_n as_o isidorus_n witness_v he_o first_o spread_v the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o zaragoca_n where_o at_o his_o instance_n be_v build_v a_o church_n of_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n now_o call_v of_o the_o pillar_n as_o it_o be_v receive_v by_o a_o constant_a tradition_n among_o those_o people_n afterward_o have_v suffer_v martyrdom_n at_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 42._o his_o body_n be_v take_v up_o by_o his_o disciple_n and_o put_v into_o a_o ship_n and_o after_o coast_v about_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n they_o land_v it_o in_o the_o far_a part_n 42._o of_o galicia_n in_o the_o city_n iria_n flavia_n now_o call_v el_n padron_n whence_o it_o be_v translate_v to_o compostela_n spain_n a_o place_n hold_v in_o veneration_n throughout_o all_o the_o christian_a world_n on_o account_n of_o that_o holy_a body_n lie_v there_o the_o body_n of_o this_o apostle_n for_o several_a age_n be_v lose_v and_o forget_v till_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o chaste_a about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800._o it_o be_v miraculous_o discover_v and_o a_o church_n build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o it_o have_v be_v high_o reverence_v this_o devotion_n be_v much_o increase_v when_o d._n ramiro_n who_o reign_v soon_o after_o alonso_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o this_o saint_n win_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o claviso_n fight_v against_o the_o moor_n whereby_o he_o deliver_v the_o christian_n of_o a_o most_o heavy_a imposition_n by_o which_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o deliver_v yearly_o to_o those_o infidel_n 100_o choose_v maid_n hence_o the_o custom_n use_v by_o the_o spanish_a soldier_n of_o call_v upon_o st._n james_n in_o battle_n have_v its_o original_a and_o from_o this_o time_n the_o spaniard_n oblige_v themselves_o by_o a_o vow_n to_o pay_v a_o certain_a measure_n of_o corn_n out_o of_o every_o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n yearly_o to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n which_o custom_n have_v suffer_v many_o change_n have_v be_v renew_v by_o several_a pope_n who_o have_v issue_v out_o their_o bull_n to_o that_o effect_n and_o it_o be_v still_o preserve_v in_o a_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n st._n james_n have_v but_o very_o few_o follower_n in_o spain_n whereof_o some_o reckon_v up_o nine_o choose_a disciple_n which_o other_o say_v be_v send_v into_o spain_n by_o the_o apostle_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n which_o controversy_n be_v altogether_o impossible_a to_o be_v decide_v i_o think_v fit_a to_o pass_v it_o by_o than_o to_o take_v up_o the_o reader_n be_v attention_n with_o what_o be_v altogether_o uncertain_a chap._n ii_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n nero_n galba_n otho_n vitellius_n vespasian_n and_o titus_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o colony_n free_a town_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n then_o in_o spain_n claudius_n the_o emperor_n be_v poison_v by_o a_o eunuch_n or_o as_o other_o have_v it_o by_o his_o wife_n agrippina_n to_o the_o intent_n her_o son_n domitius_n nero_n may_v obtain_v the_o empire_n which_o prove_v fatal_a to_o she_o certain_a it_o be_v he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 55._o nero_n his_o son-in-law_n and_o 55._o successor_n hold_v the_o empire_n 14_o year_n the_o first_o 5_o he_o govern_v well_o as_o trajan_n use_v to_o testify_v year_n after_o that_o he_o sink_v into_o all_o manner_n of_o vice_n and_o debauchery_n like_o a_o wild_a beast_n that_o break_v loose_a from_o its_o confinement_n bear_v down_o all_o before_o it_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n do_v his_o cruelty_n rage_n that_o he_o kill_v his_o own_o mother_n of_o who_o he_o
the_o enemy_n other_o say_v kill_v he_o be_v strike_v by_o the_o martyr_n st._n mercurius_n with_o a_o spear_n which_o be_v then_o find_v bloody_a upon_o his_o tomb._n he_o live_v 32_o year_n and_o reign_v one_o year_n 7_o month_n and_o 27_o day_n the_o whole_a army_n upon_o his_o death_n offer_v the_o empire_n to_o flavius_n jovianus_n a_o person_n of_o very_a excellent_a part_n 364._o who_o refuse_v it_o say_v he_o be_v a_o christian_a and_o will_v not_o govern_v those_o wh_z owere_v not_o such_o but_o they_o all_o day_n declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v christian_n he_o condescend_v to_o their_o request_n be_v invest_v in_o the_o imperial_a dignity_n he_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o persian_n though_o not_o advantageous_a yet_o such_o as_o be_v requisite_a to_o deliver_v himself_o and_o army_n from_o the_o danger_n into_o which_o the_o rashness_n of_o julian_n have_v run_v they_o catholic_n be_v restore_v to_o their_o honour_n and_o dignity_n the_o revenue_n to_o church_n st._n athanasius_n and_o other_o recall_v from_o banishment_n and_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v again_o in_o a_o flourish_a condition_n but_o this_o happiness_n be_v not_o to_o be_v last_v for_o the_o emperor_n in_o his_o way_n to_o rome_n betwixt_o galatia_n and_o bythinia_n be_v stifle_v to_o death_n by_o a_o pan_n of_o coal_n that_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o room_n where_o he_o lay_v which_o be_v new_o whiten_v he_o die_v at_o the_o age_n of_o 40_o year_n and_o reign_v only_o 7_o month_n and_o 22_o day_n by_o he_o it_o be_v make_v death_n to_o offer_v wrong_a to_o any_o virgin_n consecrate_v to_o god_n though_o upon_o pretence_n of_o matrimony_n flavius_z valentinianus_n a_o hungarian_a succeed_v jovianus_n his_o first_o education_n have_v be_v mean_a but_o be_v wise_a and_o valiant_a he_o run_v through_o all_o command_v in_o the_o army_n at_o length_n day_n attain_v to_o be_v perfect_a of_o the_o praetorian_a band_n be_v by_o the_o army_n choose_v emperor_n and_o prove_v always_o a_o zealous_a christian_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n julian_n when_o for_o refuse_v to_o deny_v his_o religion_n and_o give_v a_o box_n on_o the_o ear_n to_o a_o pagan_a sexton_n that_o sprinkle_v he_o with_o their_o lustral_a or_o cleanse_v water_n he_o quit_v the_o â—ngulum_fw-la which_o be_v lay_v down_o his_o commission_n as_o soon_o as_o elect_v he_o appoint_v his_o brother_n valens_n his_o companion_n in_o the_o east_n empire_n to_o govern_v the_o east_n and_o go_v away_o himself_o to_o italy_n where_o with_o much_o zeal_n he_o quiet_v the_o city_n or_o rome_n than_o in_o a_o uproar_n about_o choose_v a_o pope_n for_o the_o elector_n be_v divide_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o liberius_n one_o party_n have_v name_v vrsinus_n but_o the_o more_o numerous_a and_o better_o make_v choose_v of_o damasus_n a_o spaniard_n some_o will_v have_v he_o bear_v at_o egita_n now_o guimaraens_n in_o portugal_n betŵixt_v the_o river_n duero_fw-la and_o mino_n other_o at_o tarragona_n and_o other_o at_o madrid_n certain_a it_o be_v he_o be_v a_o spaniard_n and_o a_o person_n excellent_o qualify_v upon_o this_o occasion_n there_o happen_v so_o great_a a_o mutiny_n that_o as_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n a_o heathen_a author_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n relate_v it_o 137_o man_n be_v kill_v one_o day_n in_o the_o church_n of_o sicininum_fw-la and_o the_o same_o pope_n author_n blame_v the_o pope_n for_o go_v in_o coach_n and_o make_v more_o than_o kingly_a banquet_n the_o emperor_n quiet_v this_o tumult_n send_v vrsinus_n to_o be_v bishop_n of_o naples_n yet_o the_o contrary_a party_n desist_v not_o but_o accuse_v damasus_n of_o adultery_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o call_v a_o council_n of_o bishop_n to_o clear_v himself_o he_o declare_v the_o council_n of_o ariminum_n to_o be_v void_a and_o of_o no_o force_n as_o gather_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n depose_v auxentius_n bishop_n of_o milan_n as_o be_v a_o arrian_n order_v the_o psalm_n of_o david_n shall_v be_v song_n in_o church_n with_o the_o verse_n gloria_fw-la patri_fw-la etc._n etc._n at_o the_o end_n institute_v say_v the_o confiteor_fw-la at_o the_o begin_n of_o mass_n build_v two_o church_n at_o rome_n the_o one_o in_o honour_n of_o st._n laurence_n the_o other_o of_o st._n peter_n and_o paul_n ad_fw-la catacumbas_fw-la in_o the_o via_fw-la ardeatina_n where_o he_o bury_v his_o mother_n and_o sister_n and_o be_v a_o great_a friend_n to_o st._n hierom_n who_o he_o much_o resemble_v in_o his_o life_n and_o learning_n the_o empire_n be_v not_o altogether_o in_o a_o peaceable_a condition_n for_o in_o the_o east_n one_o procopius_n a_o kinsman_n of_o julian_n call_v himself_o emperor_n and_o raise_v new_a trouble_n valens_n present_o move_v towards_o and_o overcome_v he_o in_o phrygia_n where_o he_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o by_o his_o own_o men._n at_o the_o same_o time_n valentinian_n be_v succeessful_a in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o german_n and_o saxon_n which_o be_v the_o first_o time_n any_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o latter_a in_o the_o roman_a history_n beside_o he_o drive_v the_o goth_n history_n out_o of_o thracia_n and_o persian_n out_o of_o syria_n check_v the_o scot_n who_o make_v iucursion_n into_o england_n and_o the_o sarmatian_n who_o infest_a pannonia_n he_o be_v a_o excellent_a emperor_n have_v he_o not_o sully_v his_o fame_n by_o marry_v justina_n a_o lady_n belong_v to_o his_o wife_n severa_n she_o be_v still_o alive_a and_o what_o be_v worse_o make_v a_o law_n by_o which_o all_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o have_v two_o wife_n marcellinus_n say_v he_o give_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o all_o man_n to_o live_v in_o what_o religigion_n the_o please_v he_o die_v at_o brigecium_n a_o town_n in_o germany_n where_o he_o be_v busy_a make_v war_n upon_o the_o quadi_n have_v reign_v 11_o year_n 8_o month_n and_o 22_o day_n his_o death_n be_v on_o death_n the_o 17_o of_o november_n 375._o by_o his_o wife_n severa_n he_o leave_v gratianus_n and_o valentinian_n by_o justina_n valens_n in_o the_o east_n persecute_v the_o catholic_n his_o wife_n dominica_n and_o eudoxus_n bishop_n 375._o of_o constantinople_n by_o who_o he_o be_v baptize_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o arrian_n distract_v he_o catholic_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o he_o have_v resolve_v at_o the_o city_n edessa_n to_o enter_v the_o church_n with_o arm_a man_n to_o disturb_v the_o people_n that_o be_v there_o celebrate_v the_o divine_a service_n but_o modestus_n governor_n of_o the_o city_n divert_v he_o from_o put_v it_o in_o execution_n for_o he_o tell_v he_o that_o upon_o the_o rumour_v of_o this_o his_o intention_n more_o people_n than_o ordinary_a be_v gather_v in_o the_o church_n with_o such_o a_o resolution_n to_o suffer_v death_n for_o their_o religion_n that_o a_o woman_n half_o undress_v for_o haste_n lead_v a_o child_n she_o have_v thither_o lest_o either_o herself_o or_o he_o may_v miss_v the_o opportunity_n of_o shed_v their_o blood_n for_o the_o faith_n hereupon_o valens_n give_v over_o that_o design_n but_o banish_v many_o priest_n among_o other_o eusebius_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n in_o cappadocia_n as_o famous_a for_o his_o resolution_n and_o constancy_n as_o the_o other_o of_o caesarea_n in_o palestine_n for_o his_o learning_n and_o write_n the_o great_a st._n basil_n succeed_v he_o of_o cappadocia_n in_o the_o bishopric_n and_o have_v enough_o to_o do_v with_o the_o emperor_n jamblichus_n the_o master_n of_o proclus_n have_v great_a influence_n over_o valens_n he_o teach_v he_o the_o way_n to_o find_v out_o the_o name_n of_o he_o that_o be_v to_o succ_v in_o the_o empire_n which_o the_o emperor_n much_o desire_v the_o manner_n be_v thus_o they_o write_v all_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o alphabet_n upon_o the_o ground_n and_o place_v on_o every_o one_o a_o grain_n of_o corn_n then_o turn_v loose_a a_o cock_n whilst_o the_o divine_a practice_n mutter_v some_o word_n they_o observe_v which_o letter_n the_o cock_n eat_v the_o corn_n off_o first_o and_o those_o they_o suppose_v to_o express_v the_o name_n seek_v for_o another_o way_n be_v to_o blind_v a_o man_n and_o observe_v the_o letter_n he_o point_v to_o foolish_a and_o vain_a invention_n however_o by_o those_o mean_n they_o find_v out_o the_o name_n theodosius_n whence_o the_o emperor_n valens_n take_v occasion_n to_o persecute_v and_o kill_v all_o those_o who_o name_n begin_v with_o the_o same_o letter_n as_o theodotus_n theodorus_n and_o theodulus_n among_o the_o rest_n be_v slay_v honorius_n theodosius_n a_o spaniard_n bear_v at_o italica_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o emperor_n trajan_n this_o gentleman_n have_v appease_v certain_a tumult_n in_o africa_n and_o be_v therefore_o raise_v to_o be_v general_n of_o horse_n and_o receive_v baptism_n before_o death_n no_o human_a policy_n be_v of_o force_n against_o
three_o synod_n at_o toledo_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o two_o king_n father_n and_o son_n the_o nobility_n make_v choice_n to_o succeed_v king_n he_o of_o suinthila_n a_o person_n who_o have_v give_v good_a proof_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o conduct_n in_o the_o late_a war_n beside_o that_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o father_n king_n recaredus_n gain_v he_o the_o affection_n of_o all_o man_n and_o make_v he_o be_v think_v worthy_a that_o dignity_n he_o be_v not_o only_o courageous_a and_o prudent_a but_o so_o bountiful_a towards_o the_o needy_a that_o he_o be_v common_o call_v the_o father_n of_o the_o poor_a the_o people_n of_o navarre_n again_o rebel_v upon_o this_o change_n of_o government_n and_o overran_a the_o province_n of_o tarragona_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n but_o the_o new_a king_n appear_v quiet_v they_o only_o with_o his_o presence_n and_o pardon_v they_o only_o upon_o condition_n they_o shall_v build_v and_o fortify_v the_o city_n ologito_fw-la which_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o bridle_n to_o curb_v they_o since_o they_o make_v such_o ill_a use_n of_o their_o liberty_n this_o city_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v that_o now_o call_v olite_a rather_o for_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o name_n than_o any_o other_o conclude_v reason_n at_o length_n the_o roman_n after_o this_o war_n of_o navarre_n be_v end_v be_v oblige_v to_o quit_v all_o spain_n after_o have_v spain_n for_o above_o 70_o year_n maintain_v themselves_o in_o part_n of_o portugal_n and_o andaluzid_n there_o be_v author_n of_o opinion_n the_o goth_n fortify_v ebora_n to_o be_v a_o check_n upon_o the_o roman_n some_o testimony_n whereof_o be_v two_o tower_n there_o say_v to_o be_v build_v by_o sisebutus_n the_o roman_n have_v maintain_v themselves_o so_o long_o in_o those_o part_n by_o the_o nearness_n of_o africa_n whence_o they_o receive_v supply_n and_o be_v now_o cut_v off_o those_o aid_n the_o false_a prophet_n mahomet_n make_v war_n there_o they_o be_v easy_o expel_v the_o government_n of_o that_o roman_a province_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o two_o patrician_n one_o of_o they_o the_o king_n corrupt_v the_o other_o he_o subdue_v by_o force_n and_o thus_o they_o both_o be_v bring_v under_o all_o these_o remarkable_a thing_n be_v conclude_v by_o king_n suinthila_n in_o the_o 5_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v of_o christ_n 626._o which_o same_o year_n he_o to_o 626._o secure_v the_o succession_n in_o his_o family_n declare_v his_o son_n rechimirus_n though_o very_o young_a his_o companion_n in_o the_o throne_n yet_o though_o the_o youth_n give_v good_a hope_n that_o he_o will_v imitate_v the_o virtue_n ruin_n of_o his_o father_n and_o grandfather_n the_o goth_n be_v much_o dissatisfy_v that_o the_o crown_n shall_v be_v make_v hereditary_a which_o before_o be_v elective_a from_o this_o time_n forward_o they_o be_v so_o far_o incense_v that_o they_o never_o give_v over_o till_o both_o father_n and_o son_n be_v cast_v down_o from_o the_o regal_a dignity_n what_o be_v most_o unblamable_a in_o suinthila_n be_v that_o after_o he_o have_v subdue_v his_o enemy_n he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o become_v a_o slave_n to_o his_o vice_n theodora_n his_o wife_n and_o geyla_n or_o aguilanus_n his_o brother_n who_o govern_v he_o and_o the_o kingdom_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n procure_v he_o the_o ill_a will_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o raise_v those_o enemy_n who_o at_o last_o wrought_v his_o downfall_n at_o this_o time_n helladius_n successor_n to_o aurasius_n be_v archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o he_o die_v justus_n be_v prefer_v to_o that_o see_n the_o ruin_n of_o suinthila_n be_v contrive_v and_o execute_v by_o sisenandus_n a_o bold_a and_o powerful_a man_n who_o think_v the_o hatred_n the_o king_n have_v incur_v offer_v he_o a_o fair_a opportunity_n of_o raise_v himself_o prevail_v with_o dagobert_n king_n of_o the_o frank_n to_o assist_v he_o have_v agree_v upon_o term_n abundantius_fw-la and_o venerandus_fw-la the_o burgundian_n general_n enter_v spain_n and_o advance_v with_o their_o force_n as_o far_o as_o zaragoça_n the_o nobility_n who_o before_o frank_n dare_v not_o declare_v themselves_o then_o take_v arm_n do_v not_o desist_v till_o they_o have_v expel_v suinthila_n his_o wife_n and_o son_n rechimirus_n this_o be_v more_o certain_a than_o what_o other_o have_v write_v viz._n that_o suinthila_n and_o his_o son_n die_v at_o toledo_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o french_a history_n that_o the_o goth_n give_v a_o sum_n of_o gold_n as_o suppose_v towards_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n to_o king_n dagobert_n which_o he_o apply_v to_o build_v the_o church_n of_o st._n denis_n two_o league_n from_o paris_n which_o be_v of_o his_o foundation_n suinthila_n reign_v 10_o year_n and_o be_v depose_v in_o that_o of_o our_o lord_n 631._o 631._o sisenandus_n have_v as_o he_o wish_v ascend_v the_o throne_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o be_v a_o prudent_a son_n man_n perceive_v he_o be_v not_o well_o fix_v especial_o in_o respect_n many_o still_o adhere_v 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which_o he_o perform_v ischam_n begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 724._o and_o hold_v it_o 19_o year_n in_o his_o time_n spain_n be_v govern_v by_o odayfa_n hymen_n autuma_n alhaytan_n and_o mahomet_n 724._o each_o of_o these_o hold_v it_o not_o a_o year_n entire_a especial_o the_o last_o continue_v but_o two_o month_n for_o we_o find_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 731_o abderhaman_n doubtless_o the_o same_o we_o mention_v above_o have_v the_o government_n of_o spain_n the_o action_n of_o this_o governor_n be_v remarkable_a and_o the_o end_n of_o 731._o they_o fortunate_a to_o the_o christian_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o speak_v of_o they_o in_o particular_a the_o severity_n and_o rigour_n abderhaman_n use_v towards_o the_o moor_n make_v he_o odious_a upon_o this_o muniz_n a_o powerful_a man_n who_o govern_v gallia_n gothica_n revolt_v and_o the_o province_n of_o cerdania_n in_o spain_n join_v with_o he_o beside_o eudo_fw-la duke_n of_o aquitain_n make_v a_o league_n and_o give_v he_o his_o own_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n abderhaman_n have_v advice_n of_o what_o be_v do_v march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o spain_n and_o besiege_v the_o city_n cerdania_n muniz_n have_v lose_v all_o hope_n of_o hold_v out_o escape_v or_o obtain_v pardon_n throw_v himself_o down_o a_o precipice_n his_o wife_n and_o head_n be_v send_v into_o africa_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o moor_n abderhaman_n france_n proud_a with_o this_o success_n break_v into_o france_n march_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterrean_a without_o opposition_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr and_o besiege_v the_o city_n arles_n eudo_fw-la come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o it_o be_v vanquish_v and_o so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n make_v of_o his_o army_n as_o have_v not_o be_v see_v that_o age._n hence_o the_o conqueror_n turn_v towards_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o traverse_v a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n fall_v into_o aquitain_n pass_v the_o river_n 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as_o he_o live_v not_o long_o after_o he_o overthrow_v and_o take_v zenon_n also_o and_o put_v he_o into_o the_o same_o prison_n this_o zenon_n be_v say_v to_o have_v leave_v two_o daughter_n one_o call_v toda_fw-it be_v wife_n to_o ynigo_n arista_n king_n of_o navarre_n the_o other_o marry_a zuria_n who_o be_v afterward_o lord_n of_o biscay_n from_o who_o some_o will_v have_v it_o the_o follow_a lord_n of_o that_o country_n descend_v till_o it_o be_v incorporate_v in_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n the_o punishment_n of_o these_o two_o be_v a_o example_n to_o terrify_v other_o from_o attempt_v the_o like_a after_o this_o alava_n be_v give_v to_o a_o nobleman_n called_z count_z vigila_fw-la or_o vela_n the_o lordship_n of_o castille_n be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o count_n d._n james_n porcellos_fw-la all_o this_o be_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o follow_a year_n begin_v more_o hot_a for_o imundarus_n and_o alcama_n moorish_a general_n sit_v down_o before_o leon_n but_o the_o king_n oblige_v they_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o their_o men._n to_o strengthen_v himself_o the_o more_o against_o the_o infidel_n he_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o french_a and_o navarrois_n and_o the_o more_o to_o bind_v this_o alliance_n marry_v a_o lady_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o france_n call_v then_o amelina_n afterward_o da._n ximena_n by_o she_o he_o have_v d._n garçia_n d._n ordono_fw-it and_o d._n fruela_n all_o three_o successive_o king_n and_o d._n gonçalo_n archdeacon_n of_o oviedo_n the_o broil_n among_o the_o moor_n offer_v moor_n the_o christian_n a_o fair_a opportunity_n of_o carry_v on_o some_o enterprise_n the_o people_n of_o toledo_n provoke_v by_o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n and_o rely_v on_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o city_n rebel_v and_o choose_v mahomet_n avenlope_n for_o their_o king_n but_o be_v soon_o subdue_v and_o avenlope_n with_o his_o brother_n flee_v to_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n alonso_n who_o receive_v and_o entertain_v they_o favourable_o believe_v they_o may_v be_v useful_a to_o he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n soon_o after_o take_v these_o along_o and_o aid_v by_o french_a navarrois_n and_o biscainer_n he_o enter_v the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n plunder_v and_o destroy_v all_o he_o meet_v and_o without_o do_v any_o thing_n more_o considerable_a dismiss_v his_o army_n rich_a with_o the_o booty_n they_o have_v take_v in_o the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v 874_o the_o people_n of_o toledo_n as_o be_v suppose_v to_o oblige_v their_o king_n make_v a_o inroad_n into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o christian_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n duero_n but_o the_o king_n unexpected_o 874._o come_v upon_o they_o near_o a_o town_n call_v pulviraria_n upon_o the_o river_n vrbicus_n now_o orbigo_n infidel_n kill_v 12000_o of_o they_o and_o soon_o after_o destroy_v a_o army_n that_o follow_v the_o other_o from_o cordova_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o only_o 10_o of_o they_o be_v find_v alive_a among_o the_o dead_a almudar_n son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n follow_v with_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o moorish_a force_n but_o understand_v the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o people_n dare_v not_o advance_v to_o sublancia_n where_o the_o king_n be_v and_o therefore_o march_v back_o again_o by_o night_n a_o treaty_n be_v now_o set_v on_o foot_n by_o mean_n of_o abubalit_n who_o have_v be_v take_v in_o galicia_n and_o be_v well_o affect_v towards_o the_o christian_n the_o conclusion_n be_v a_o truce_n for_o three_o year_n this_o time_n be_v expire_v the_o king_n break_v year_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n tagus_n advance_v as_o far_o as_o merida_n and_o thence_o return_v load_v with_o spoil_n have_v meet_v no_o opposition_n bernard_n del_fw-it carpio_n be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v a_o great_a share_n in_o all_o these_o action_n and_o that_o as_o a_o reward_n of_o his_o service_n he_o beg_v his_o father_n liberty_n which_o the_o king_n refuse_v he_o rise_v in_o rebellion_n and_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o carpio_n from_o which_o he_o take_v name_n beside_o the_o moor_n at_o his_o instigation_n infest_a the_o land_n of_o the_o christian_n after_o this_o he_o deliver_v up_o his_o castle_n upon_o condition_n his_o father_n shall_v be_v release_v but_o the_o king_n not_o perform_v he_o flee_v to_o france_n and_o navarre_n and_o there_o die_v in_o banishment_n all_o these_o transaction_n have_v no_o good_a authority_n to_o back_v they_o and_o have_v much_o of_o romance_n in_o they_o therefore_o it_o be_v better_o be_v succinct_a in_o relation_n of_o that_o nature_n d._n fruela_fw-mi the_o king_n brother_n on_o what_o account_n be_v not_o know_v conspire_v to_o kill_v he_o but_o be_v discover_v punish_v be_v condemn_v to_o lose_v both_o his_o eye_n and_o live_v in_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n the_o same_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v on_o d._n nuno_n d._n bermudo_n and_o d._n odoario_n all_o his_o brother_n for_o conspire_v with_o d._n fruela_n this_o punishment_n be_v think_v too_o cruel_a cause_v some_o new_a broil_n for_o d._n bermudo_n escape_v out_o of_o prison_n take_v astorga_n and_o fortify_v it_o then_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n with_o the_o king_n be_v overthrow_v and_o flee_v to_o the_o moor_n this_o move_v the_o king_n to_o make_v the_o great_a havoc_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o infidel_n particular_o he_o so_o harrassed_a the_o country_n of_o toledo_n that_o some_o year_n after_o they_o be_v force_v with_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o purchase_v a_o truce_n for_o three_o year_n to_o the_o great_a honour_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o disgrace_n of_o the_o moor_n about_o this_o time_n die_v athaulfus_n bishop_n of_o compostella_n and_o sisenandus_n a_o person_n of_o great_a piety_n and_o learning_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o time_n the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n be_v make_v a_o archiepiscopal_n see_n see_v and_o the_o say_a church_n then_o new_o finish_v consecrate_a by_o certain_a bishop_n that_o hold_v a_o synod_n there_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n to_o call_v a_o council_n of_o bishop_n therefore_o severus_n and_o desiderius_n be_v send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n and_o obtain_v the_o consent_n of_o pope_n john_n the_o eight_o and_o his_o bull_n constitute_v the_o church_n of_o oviedo_n a_o metropolitan_a see_n together_o with_o the_o king_n ambassador_n the_o pope_n send_v one_o call_v reginald_n there_o meet_v at_o compostella_n 14_o bishop_n who_o consecrate_a the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n with_o great_a solemnity_n on_o the_o seven_o of_o may_n in_o the_o year_n 876._o eleven_o month_n after_o this_o the_o same_o bishop_n by_o the_o king_n command_n meet_v at_o oviedo_n and_o decree_v in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o pope_n order_n that_o 876._o that_o see_v for_o the_o future_a shall_v be_v archiepiscopal_a and_o ermenegildus_n be_v choose_v for_o that_o dignity_n for_o some_o year_n the_o moor_n be_v quiet_a and_o nothing_o happen_v worthy_a of_o memory_n only_o in_o the_o year_n 881._o there_o be_v earthquake_n throughout_o all_o spain_n which_o destroy_v many_o building_n 881._o earthquake_n king_n mahomet_n be_v at_o his_o devotion_n a_o flash_n of_o lightning_n kill_v two_o that_o stand_v next_o to_o he_o in_o the_o mosque_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o the_o rest_n the_o year_n follow_v abdalla_n the_o son_n of_o lope_n forget_v the_o favour_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o envy_v his_o uncle_n in_o who_o the_o say_a king_n repose_v so_o much_o confidence_n that_o he_o entrust_v they_o to_o breed_v his_o son_n d._n ordono_fw-it be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n and_o gather_v force_n break_v into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o christian_n do_v great_a harm_n till_o king_n alonso_n meet_v and_o worsted_n he_o at_o cillorico_n then_o drive_v he_o from_o pancorvo_n whence_o pass_v by_o leon_n and_o through_o portugal_n he_o return_v to_o cordova_n next_o winter_n abdalla_n overthrow_v the_o two_o zimaels_n his_o brother_n and_o uncle_n and_o send_v they_o in_o fetter_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o recaria_n this_o action_n bring_v upon_o he_o the_o force_n of_o both_o the_o king_n as_o well_o of_o the_o christian_n as_o moor_n though_o at_o the_o same_o he_o endeavour_v to_o excuse_v himself_o to_o both_o d._n vela_n and_o d._n james_n the_o two_o earl_n of_o biscay_n and_o castille_n also_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n against_o he_o as_o the_o common_a enemy_n almudar_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n and_o abuhalit_n be_v send_v to_o besiege_v zaragoça_n but_o to_o no_o effect_n by_o reason_n it_o be_v strong_a vain_a and_o well_o provide_v with_o necessary_n in_o their_o return_n they_o make_v a_o inroad_n into_o the_o
territory_n of_o biscay_n and_o castille_n but_o be_v by_o the_o earl_n drive_v out_o again_o king_n alonso_z wait_v for_o they_o at_o sublancia_n which_o they_o understand_v return_v home_o only_o destroy_v by_o the_o way_n the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o sabagun_fw-ge nevertheless_o abuhalit_n send_v underhand_o to_o treat_v of_o peace_n and_o dulcidius_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n on_o the_o same_o score_n to_o cordova_n about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n 883._o 883._o in_o the_o mean_a while_o a_o great_a fleet_n of_o moor_n be_v gather_v at_o sevil_n to_o destroy_v the_o coast_n of_o galicia_n storm_n the_o great_a part_n whereof_o perish_v by_o storm_n a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v with_o the_o moor_n by_o dulcidius_n for_o six_o year_n present_o after_o follow_v the_o death_n of_o mahomet_n in_o the_o year_n 886._o he_o leave_v 30_o son_n and_o 20_o daughter_n 886._o chap._n ix_o the_o death_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o great_a the_o reign_v of_o d._n garcia_n and_o d._n ordonno_n the_o second_o of_o oviedo_n and_o of_o almundar_n abdalla_n and_o abderhaman_n of_o cordova_n a_o lmundar_n the_o son_n of_o mahomet_n succeed_v his_o father_n he_o be_v generous_a and_o mild_a and_o moor_n therefore_o at_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n abolish_v a_o imposition_n of_o the_o ten_o the_o people_n of_o cordova_n use_v to_o pay_v they_o forget_v his_o favour_n mutiny_v and_o he_o be_v about_o to_o suppress_v they_o die_v before_o he_o have_v reign_v full_a two_o year_n leave_v behind_o he_o six_o son_n and_o seven_o daughter_n nevertheless_o abdalla_n his_o brother_n be_v choose_v king_n by_o the_o soldier_n in_o the_o year_n 888_o and_o reign_v 25_o year_n the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v full_a of_o trouble_n by_o reason_n 888._o that_o homar_n a_o turbulent_a moor_n revolt_v and_o draw_v to_o his_o party_n lisbon_n astapa_n sevil_n and_o other_o to_n yet_o this_o be_v soon_o over_o for_o homar_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n submit_v and_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n this_o ease_n in_o obtain_v pardon_n encourage_v he_o to_o rebel_v again_o and_o the_o moor_n be_v divide_v into_o faction_n betwixt_o the_o family_n of_o the_o humeyas_n and_o alavecins_n there_o never_o want_v some_o to_o side_n with_o any_o turbulent_a spirit_n abdalla_n pursue_v homar_n so_o close_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v to_o the_o christian_n and_o there_o receive_v baptism_n though_o not_o with_o a_o good_a intention_n as_o afterward_o appear_v the_o biscainer_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o zuria_n think_v to_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o scotland_n and_o son-in-law_n of_o zenore_n beforementioned_a revolt_v from_o king_n rebel_n alonso_n d._n ordono_fw-it scent_n by_o his_o father_n to_o reduce_v they_o be_v overcome_v in_o battle_n whereupon_o zuria_n be_v declare_v lord_n of_o biscay_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v hear_v a_o place_n then_o call_v padura_n but_o afterward_o ariogorriaga_n which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o biscay_n signify_v bloody_a stone_n the_o natural_a strength_n of_o that_o country_n hinder_v the_o king_n from_o take_v revenge_n beside_o his_o great_a age_n which_o make_v he_o now_o study_v to_o govern_v in_o peace_n build_v church_n fort_n and_o city_n for_o the_o safety_n and_o conveniency_n of_o his_o subject_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o rebuilt_a sublancia_n and_o cea_n near_o leon_n and_o the_o castle_n guazon_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_n betwixt_o oviedo_n and_o gijon_n afterward_o work_n the_o city_n porto_n viseo_n chaves_n oca_n and_o zamora_n to_o his_o son_n d._n garcia_n he_o recommend_v the_o building_n of_o toro_n he_o take_v from_o the_o moor_n coimbra_fw-mi simancas_n duenas_n and_o all_o the_o territory_n of_o campos_n beside_o he_o rebuilt_a the_o monastery_n of_o sahagun_n destroy_v by_o the_o moor_n one_o of_o the_o great_a in_o all_o spain_n his_o revenue_n be_v too_o small_a for_o these_o mighty_a expense_n he_o be_v therefore_o oblige_v to_o raise_v new_a tax_n at_o which_o the_o subject_n be_v disgu_v the_o queen_n persuade_v her_o son_n d._n garcia_n to_o lay_v hold_n of_o that_o opportunity_n and_o rebel_n against_o his_o father_n d._n alonso_n though_o old_a and_o decay_a present_o repair_v to_o zamora_n take_v his_o son_n and_o rebel_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v confine_v in_o the_o castle_n guazon_n this_o do_v not_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o trouble_n for_o nuno_n hernandez_n earl_n of_o castille_n a_o powerful_a man_n and_o father-in-law_n to_o d._n garcia_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o king_n which_o last_v two_o year_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o the_o rebel_n prevail_v and_o the_o king_n weary_a of_o trouble_n and_o covet_v repose_n resign_v the_o crown_n to_o his_o son_n d._n garcia_n and_o to_o his_o other_o son_n d._n ordono_fw-it give_v the_o lordship_n of_o galicia_n in_o the_o year_n 910._o the_o follow_a crown_n year_n d._n alonso_n after_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o santiago_n and_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o son_n die_v at_o zamora_n his_o body_n and_o that_o 910._o of_o his_o queen_n be_v first_o bury_v at_o astorga_n and_o thence_o translate_v to_o oviedo_n at_o the_o same_o death_n time_n die_v at_o cordova_n abdalla_n king_n of_o the_o moor_n age_v 72_o year_n leave_v 12_o son_n and_o 13_o daughter_n abderhaman_n the_o grandson_n of_o abdalla_n and_o son_n of_o mahomet_n succeed_v his_o grandfather_n a_o thing_n not_o usual_a for_o the_o grandson_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o son_n of_o the_o succeed_v decease_a at_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v 23_o year_n of_o age_n and_o enjoy_v it_o 50_o year_n to_o his_o name_n be_v add_v the_o title_n of_o almanzor_n ledin_n alla_n that_o be_v defender_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n as_o also_o that_o of_o miramamolin_n or_o prince_n of_o those_o that_o believe_v abderhaman_n may_v be_v count_v among_o the_o great_a of_o the_o moorish_a king_n he_o spend_v all_o his_o life_n in_o reconcile_a the_o difference_n betwixt_o his_o people_n administer_v justice_n impartial_o build_v a_o castle_n near_o cordova_n take_v ceuta_n in_o africa_n and_o beautify_v many_o city_n of_o his_o kingdom_n power_n ill_o get_v for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v not_o last_v so_o d._n garcia_n enjoy_v the_o kingdom_n he_o take_v by_o force_n from_o his_o father_n only_o three_o year_n during_o that_o time_n he_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n waste_v their_o country_n plunder_v their_o town_n overthrow_v and_o take_v prisoner_n ayola_n a_o noble_a moor_n that_o offer_v to_o oppose_v he_o yet_o through_o the_o neglect_n of_o his_o keeper_n he_o make_v his_o escape_n near_o to_o a_o town_n call_v tremulo_fw-la the_o king_n die_v at_o zamora_n in_o the_o year_n 913._o he_o leave_v no_o child_n whereupon_o d._n ordono_fw-it his_fw-la brother_n succeed_v he_o and_o have_v be_v reckon_v brother_n a_o good_a prince_n have_v he_o not_o imbrue_v his_o hand_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o castille_n his_o reign_n last_v 9_o year_n and_o a_o half_a at_o first_o to_o gain_v reputation_n and_o humble_a the_o moor_n he_o break_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o talavera_n a_o pleasant_a and_o strong_a city_n a_o army_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n to_o relieve_v the_o place_n but_o it_o be_v defeat_v the_o town_n take_v plunder_v and_o burn_v because_o it_o can_v not_o be_v maintain_v be_v encompass_v on_o all_o side_n with_o garrison_n of_o the_o moor_n the_o governor_n and_o many_o more_o be_v take_v and_o the_o christian_a army_n return_v home_o victorious_a and_o load_v with_o spoil_n the_o king_n of_o cordova_n fear_v this_o beginning_n may_v be_v a_o introduction_n to_o worse_a consequence_n send_v to_o desire_v assistance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o mauritania_n who_o send_v he_o a_o considerable_a body_n of_o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o general_n almotaraf_n to_o these_o be_v join_v the_o army_n of_o the_o moor_n in_o spain_n command_v by_o avolalpaz_n and_o thus_o they_o overrun_v the_o land_n of_o the_o christian_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n duero_n here_o the_o king_n meet_v and_o give_v they_o battle_n near_o to_o the_o town_n of_o santistevan_n de_fw-fr gormaz_n which_o be_v christian_n very_o bloody_a and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o event_n seem_v dubious_a till_o the_o two_o moorish_a general_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o man_n be_v kill_v the_o rest_n flee_v that_o the_o advantage_n of_o this_o victory_n may_v be_v the_o great_a they_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n of_o lusitania_n as_o far_o as_o guadiana_n but_o above_o all_o the_o territory_n of_o merida_n and_o badajoz_n suffer_v this_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o those_o people_n that_o they_o buy_v a_o peace_n it_o happen_v in_o the_o
abarca_n most_o part_n of_o that_o province_n which_o we_o call_v old_a castille_n the_o roman_n name_v the_o vacei_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o leon_n by_o the_o river_n carrion_n pisuerga_n heva_n and_o regamon_n on_o the_o other_o castille_n side_n it_o border_n on_o asturias_n biscay_n and_o rioja_n on_o the_o south_n its_o bound_n be_v the_o mountain_n of_o segovia_n and_o avila_n which_o about_o the_o same_o time_n we_o be_v speak_v of_o be_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o christian_n the_o country_n be_v plentiful_a of_o corn_n and_o wine_n but_o scarce_o of_o oil_n and_o better_o water_v than_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n in_o this_o province_n though_o at_o first_o they_o do_v not_o possess_v it_o all_o some_o powerful_a man_n begin_v to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o moor_n and_o enlarge_v their_o territory_n they_o take_v the_o style_n of_o count_n or_o earl_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n of_o oviedo_n who_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o assist_v in_o their_o war_n and_o to_o come_v when_o call_v to_o their_o general-assembly_n or_o parliament_n in_o former_a time_n as_o we_o have_v before_o more_o particular_o relate_v count_n or_o earl_n be_v only_a governor_n of_o province_n for_o a_o time_n afterward_o they_o be_v make_v so_o for_o life_n and_o at_o last_o the_o title_n become_v hereditary_a yet_o even_o to_o this_o day_n many_o duke_n marquess_n and_o earl_n in_o spain_n after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n do_v not_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o title_n till_o they_o have_v obtain_v the_o king_n leave_n it_o be_v not_o know_v for_o what_o term_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o castille_n enjoy_v that_o honour_n but_o it_o may_v be_v imagine_v they_o have_v the_o same_o begin_n as_o all_o other_o in_o christendom_n the_o first_o of_o these_o count_n be_v d._n roderick_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o chaste_a next_o to_o he_o the_o best_a author_n place_n d._n james_n porcellos_fw-la his_o son_n as_o the_o chronicon_fw-la alveldense_n have_v it_o this_o earl_n live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o alonso_n the_o great_a king_n of_o oviedo_n he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n silvius_n bella_n to_o nuno_n belchides_n a_o german_a that_o come_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o s._n james_n this_o gentleman_n be_v thus_o ally_v to_o d._n james_n together_o with_o he_o build_v the_o city_n burgos_n that_o the_o people_n who_o before_o live_v disperse_v in_o village_n may_v form_v one_o body_n of_o a_o city_n and_o it_o take_v the_o name_n from_o burg_n the_o german_a word_n for_o a_o town_n beside_o d._n james_n there_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n other_o earl_n of_o castille_n for_o the_o province_n be_v divide_v as_o be_v ferdinand_n anzules_n almondar_n and_o his_o son_n d._n james_n but_o the_o great_a of_o they_o all_o be_v nunez_n fernandez_n who_o have_v for_o his_o son-in-law_n d._n garcia_n brother_n to_o d._n ordono_fw-it ii_o king_n of_o leon_n afterward_o king_n himself_o upon_o this_o account_n and_o because_o he_o have_v force_v king_n alonso_n the_o great_a to_o resign_v the_o kingdom_n he_o be_v grow_v more_o insolent_a than_o d._n ordono_fw-it care_v to_o bear_v beside_o many_o underhand_n blow_v the_o coal_n they_o see_v begin_v to_o take_v fire_n the_o king_n thus_o incense_v send_v for_o the_o earl_n to_o court_n execute_v upon_o pretence_n of_o consult_v with_o they_o about_o most_o important_a affair_n the_o place_n appoint_v for_o the_o meeting_n be_v a_o town_n call_v regular_n upon_o the_o midway_n on_o the_o border_n of_o castille_n and_o leon._n the_o earl_n come_v without_o any_o guard_n and_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o king_n order_n and_o send_v prisoner_n to_o leon._n soon_o after_o they_o be_v also_o put_v to_o death_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o the_o people_n of_o castille_n who_o have_v be_v concern_v at_o their_o imprisonment_n king_n ordono_fw-it be_v make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n for_o war_n as_o fear_v the_o revolt_n of_o that_o province_n when_o death_n take_v he_o off_o he_o die_v at_o zamora_n in_o the_o year_n 923._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o leon_n in_o the_o church_n of_o our_o bless_a lady_n which_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v consecrate_a his_o funeral_n be_v perform_v with_o great_a solemnity_n nuno_n belchides_n by_o his_o wife_n silvius_n bella_n have_v two_o son_n nuno_n rasura_fw-la and_o gustio_n gonzalez_n nuno_n rasura_fw-la be_v grandfather_n to_o the_o earl_n fernan_n gonzalez_n who_o our_o historian_n extol_v and_o raise_v to_o the_o sky_n for_o his_o great_a exploit_n the_o infant_n or_o prince_n of_o lara_n be_v grandson_n to_o gustio_n thus_o the_o blood_n of_o d._n james_n porcellos_fw-la mix_v with_o the_o royal_a family_n be_v derive_v to_o many_o noble_a house_n in_o spain_n and_o abroad_o and_o its_o succession_n have_v not_o fail_v even_o to_o our_o day_n d._n fruela_fw-la ii_o succeed_v his_o brother_n d._n ordono_fw-it in_o the_o throne_n of_o leon_n not_o by_o right_n but_o force_v such_o as_o the_o beginning_n be_v the_o end_n and_o his_o power_n last_v not_o long_o for_o he_o reign_v leon._n only_o 14_o month_n he_o be_v remarkable_a only_o for_o baseness_n and_o cruelty_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v the_o cruel_a the_o son_n of_o a_o nobleman_n call_v osmundus_fw-la be_v by_o he_o put_v to_o death_n and_o his_o brother_n fruminius_n bishop_n of_o leon_n banish_v for_o that_o he_o dare_v not_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o he_o be_v a_o ecclesiastical_a person_n by_o his_o wife_n munia_n he_o have_v d._n alonso_n d._n ordono_fw-it and_o d._n ramiro_n and_o out_o of_o wedlock_n d._n fruela_n father_n of_o d._n pelayus_n call_v the_o deacon_n to_o who_o be_v afterward_o marry_v da._n aldonca_n or_o alfonsa_n grandchild_n to_o king_n bermudo_n surname_v the_o gouty_a d._n fruela_fw-mi be_v bury_v in_o leon_n his_o fame_n and_o memory_n be_v stain_v not_o so_o much_o for_o his_o die_v of_o the_o leprosy_n as_o for_o his_o cowardice_n and_o the_o rebellion_n that_o in_o his_o time_n cut_v off_o castille_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o leon._n the_o people_n there_o be_v offend_v at_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n kill_v by_o d._n ordon̄o_n command_n this_o disgust_n be_v heighten_v by_o force_v they_o to_o come_v to_o leon_n to_o all_o law_n suit_n and_o the_o parliament_n they_o have_v no_o fair_a opportunity_n of_o revolt_a before_o and_o therefore_o do_v it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o d._n fruela_n for_o their_o governor_n they_o choose_v two_o noble_n with_o only_a the_o title_n of_o judge_n the_o first_o name_v be_v nuno_n rasura_fw-la and_o lain_n calvo_n man_n in_o great_a power_n at_o that_o time_n lie_v be_v the_o young_a and_o marry_v to_o nuna_n bella_n his_o colleague_n daughter_n to_o he_o for_o his_o valour_n be_v give_v the_o charge_n of_o martial_a affair_n nuno_n rasura_fw-la be_v a_o person_n of_o know_a prudence_n and_o experience_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n and_o admistration_n 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he_o but_o d._n ferdinand_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o design_n flee_v d._n garcia_n to_o take_v off_o the_o hatred_n conceive_v against_o he_o for_o that_o falsehood_n seem_v much_o concern_v that_o his_o brother_n shall_v suspect_v he_o and_o hear_v he_o be_v sick_a at_o burgos_n go_v thither_o to_o visit_v he_o this_o satisfy_v not_o d._n ferdinand_n for_o he_o seize_v his_o brother_n and_o send_v he_o with_o a_o guard_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ceya_n he_o corrupt_v his_o keeper_n flee_v to_o escape_n navarre_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o take_v revenge_n have_v gather_v all_o his_o own_o and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o moor_n his_o confederate_n he_o enter_v castille_n and_o after_o pass_v the_o mountain_n doca_n commit_v great_a havoc_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o move_v with_o a_o army_n of_o experience_a soldier_n towards_o his_o brother_n they_o
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this_o i_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v more_o likely_a than_o what_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n write_v that_o he_o be_v let_v down_o over_o the_o wall_n and_o make_v his_o escape_n have_v horse_n provide_v for_o that_o purpose_n be_v come_v to_o zamora_n he_o consult_v with_o the_o princess_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v and_o dispatch_v express_v to_o all_o part_n to_o give_v notice_n of_o his_o be_v there_o the_o people_n of_o leon_n without_o any_o difficulty_n admit_v and_o proclaim_v he_o king_n galicia_n be_v dubious_a d_o garcia_n upon_o this_o revolution_n have_v break_v prison_n and_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v his_o crown_n d._n alonso_n send_v person_n of_o note_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o and_o he_o be_v fair_a condition_v and_o easy_a be_v easy_o prevail_v upon_o so_o that_o without_o any_o further_a security_n ask_v he_o come_v away_o to_o his_o brother_n not_o doubt_v to_o obtain_v what_o he_o desire_v but_o he_o be_v deceive_v be_v present_o seize_v and_o send_v back_o to_o prison_n where_o he_o continue_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o life_n with_o good_a usage_n if_o any_o can_v be_v think_v such_o where_o a_o crown_n and_o liberty_n garcia_n be_v lose_v at_o once_o thus_o galicia_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n be_v assemble_v at_o burgos_n agree_v to_o admit_v d._n alonso_n for_o their_o king_n if_o he_o will_v first_o swear_v he_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o brother_n d._n alonso_n hear_v of_o it_o go_v thither_o and_o every_o body_n fear_v to_o tender_v he_o this_o oath_n roderick_n diaz_n call_v cid_n undertake_v it_o the_o oath_n be_v solemn_o take_v he_o be_v proclaim_v with_o great_a joy_n for_o the_o present_a he_o connive_v at_o castille_n this_o affront_n but_o reserve_v a_o grudge_n in_o his_o heart_n against_o roderick_n diaz_n d._n alonso_n be_v 37_o year_n of_o age_n when_o he_o return_v to_o his_o crown_n and_o for_o his_o military_a exploit_n be_v call_v the_o brave_a beside_o he_o be_v prudent_a temperate_a modest_a and_o bountiful_a the_o death_n of_o d._n sancho_n and_o restauration_n of_o d._n alonso_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1073._o at_o this_o time_n gregory_n vii_o be_v pope_n and_o the_o same_o year_n die_v in_o spain_n s._n dominick_n de_fw-fr silos_n a_o monk_n of_o cluni_n famous_a for_o sanctity_n 1073._o of_o life_n the_o beginning_n of_o d._n alonso_n reign_n be_v not_o free_a from_o some_o trouble_n which_o be_v soon_o appease_v and_o end_v well_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v 1074._o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n 1074._o and_o toledo_n be_v at_o war_n about_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o kingdom_n d._n alonso_n as_o be_v so_o much_o toledo_n oblige_v to_o he_o of_o toledo_n gather_v a_o good_a army_n to_o assist_v he_o king_n almenon_n at_o first_o fear_v this_o preparation_n be_v against_o he_o but_o be_v better_o inform_v both_o king_n join_v their_o force_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n enter_v the_o territory_n of_o 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in_o the_o meadow_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o which_o the_o town_n stand_v some_o skirmish_n happen_v near_o the_o wall_n but_o nothing_o remarkable_a in_o they_o except_o that_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o christian_n be_v the_o better_a foot_n and_o the_o moor_n the_o experte_a horse_n tower_n of_o wood_n be_v make_v and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o engine_n apply_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o though_o they_o beat_v down_o part_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o avail_v not_o because_o the_o ascent_n be_v difficult_a the_o street_n narrow_a the_o house_n high_a and_o strong_a and_o the_o defendant_n numerous_a thus_o the_o siege_n be_v protract_v provision_n be_v scarce_o the_o country_n about_o be_v waste_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n come_v on_o and_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o be_v sickly_a all_o these_o thing_n cause_v the_o soldier_n to_o wish_v for_o some_o honourable_a accommodation_n at_o this_o time_n cyprianus_n bishop_n of_o leon_n acquaint_v the_o king_n that_o s._n isidorus_n have_v appear_v to_o he_o assure_v the_o city_n will_v be_v take_v in_o 15_o day_n the_o besiege_a suffer_v great_a want_n have_v spend_v all_o their_o provision_n whereupon_o gather_v in_o a_o body_n they_o repair_v to_o the_o palace_n with_o clamour_n require_v the_o king_n to_o capitulate_v he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o appease_v they_o affirm_v they_o shall_v be_v speedy_o relieve_v and_o find_v they_o persist_v in_o their_o demand_n send_v out_o commissioner_n to_o treat_v some_o day_n sâ—â—eing_v spend_v in_o expostulate_v and_o debate_v the_o matter_n at_o length_n the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o article_n that_o the_o palace_n surrender_n city_n gate_n bridges_n and_o king's-garden_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o king_n alonso_n that_o the_o moorish_a king_n may_v go_v to_o valencia_n or_o where_o he_o shall_v think_v sit_v the_o same_o liberty_n to_o be_v allow_v the_o moor_n that_o will_v bear_v he_o company_n and_o they_o may_v carry_v their_o good_n and_o movable_n such_o as_o will_v stay_v in_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v in_o their_o person_n or_o good_n the_o chief_a mosque_n shall_v continue_v in_o their_o possession_n no_o other_o tax_n shall_v be_v impose_v on_o they_o but_o such_o as_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o own_o king_n they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o judge_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o no_o other_o these_o article_n be_v solemn_o swear_v to_o on_o both_o side_n and_o hostage_n give_v surrender_v for_o performance_n which_o do_v king_n alonso_n with_o great_a joy_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o triumph_n enter_v the_o city_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o may_n be_v the_o feast_n of_o s._n vrban_n pope_n and_o martyr_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1085._o some_o author_n say_v 1083._o that_o city_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n about_o 369_o year_n julianus_n say_v 366._o and_o that_o the_o moor_n take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 719._o on_o s._n vrban_n day_n during_o which_o time_n the_o moor_n be_v nothing_o curious_a in_o building_n it_o lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n the_o street_n be_v narrow_a and_o crooked_a the_o house_n ill_o contrive_v the_o very_a palace_n be_v of_o mud-wall_n and_o stand_v where_o now_o be_v a_o great_a hospital_n found_v by_o d._n peter_n gonzalez_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n cardinal_n of_o spain_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v the_o chief_a mosque_n on_o a_o rise_a ground_n the_o building_n at_o that_o time_n nothing_o sumptuous_a soon_o after_o it_o be_v consecrate_a and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n build_v from_o the_o ground_n very_o large_a and_o beautiful_a the_o fame_n of_o this_o success_n be_v soon_o spread_v abroad_o and_o ambassador_n come_v to_o congratulate_v with_o the_o king_n from_o several_a prince_n the_o moorish_a king_n according_a to_o the_o capitulation_n go_v away_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n to_o valencia_n which_o be_v his_o own_o where_o he_o preserve_v the_o title_n of_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n many_o brigade_n of_o christian_n be_v disperse_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n to_o reduce_v all_o that_o remain_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o moor_n which_o prove_v no_o difficult_a task_n they_o be_v terrify_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o city_n many_o town_n be_v take_v the_o most_o note_a be_v maqueda_n escalona_n illescas_n talavera_n guadalajara_n mora_n take_v consuegra_n madrid_n berlanga_n buytrago_n medinaceli_n and_o coria_n many_o of_o they_o ancient_a town_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o toledo_n strong_a and_o seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n some_o of_o the_o moor_n of_o toledo_n accompany_v their_o king_n but_o the_o most_o stay_v behind_o their_o number_n be_v great_a there_o be_v danger_n they_o may_v upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n revolt_n to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a the_o king_n resolve_v to_o settle_v his_o court_n there_o till_o such_o time_n it_o be_v better_o people_v with_o christian_n and_o new_a fortification_n raise_v to_o secure_v it_o house_n and_o land_n be_v by_o proclamation_n offer_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o which_o draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n among_o the_o rest_n we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o one_o peter_n a_o grecian_a of_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o paleologi_fw-la of_o constantinople_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v serve_v during_o the_o siege_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n the_o town_n be_v take_v give_v he_o a_o house_n and_o land_n of_o inheritance_n from_o this_o gentleman_n the_o great_a family_n of_o toledo_n pretend_v to_o be_v descend_v from_o this_o time_n it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n quarter_n in_o toledo_n be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o king_n give_v that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o new_a inhabitant_n that_o resort_v thither_o a_o new_a palace_n be_v begin_v to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n all_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o better_a to_o curb_v the_o moor_n after_o this_o we_o emperor_n find_v king_n alonso_n begin_v to_o style_v himself_o emperor_n whether_o he_o have_v reason_n so_o to_o do_v we_o will_v not_o dispute_v he_o be_v puff_v up_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o that_o new_a kingdom_n and_o be_v sovereign_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o moorish_a king_n be_v his_o tributary_n he_o think_v no_o title_n too_o great_a his_o joy_n be_v somewhat_o allay_v by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o sister_n d._n vrraoa_o who_o he_o respect_v as_o a_o mother_n and_o she_o deserve_v it_o for_o her_o singular_a virtue_n his_o other_o sister_n d._n elvira_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr cabra_fw-la to_o who_o he_o give_v she_o to_o appease_v he_o have_v provoke_v he_o by_o some_o rash_a word_n as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o general_n history_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o wise_a chap._n x._o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o abolish_n the_o old_a missal_n and_o breviary_n the_o original_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n his_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o spain_n king_n alphonso_n wife_n and_o child_n new_a war_n break_v out_o in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1086._o the_o city_n of_o toledo_n be_v well_o inhabit_a with_o christian_n and_o the_o 1086._o moor_n keep_v under_o the_o king_n convene_v a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n at_o which_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n choose_v be_v present_a the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v to_o choose_v a_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o bernard_n abbot_n of_o sahagun_n be_v elect_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o virtuous_a life_n a_o ready_a wit_n sound_a judgement_n very_o learned_a and_o upright_o which_o good_a quality_n move_v they_o to_o prefer_v he_o before_o all_o other_o though_o a_o stranger_n as_o be_v a_o natural_a bear_v frenchman_n of_o the_o city_n of_o again_o in_o the_o province_n of_o aquitain_n or_o guienne_n in_o his_o youth_n he_o be_v a_o soldier_n at_o ripe_a year_n take_v the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n at_o aux_fw-fr and_o be_v send_v thence_o into_o spain_n by_o hugo_n the_o abbot_n at_o the_o request_n of_o king_n alphonso_n to_o reform_v the_o archbishop_n monastery_n of_o sahagun_n which_o he_o design_v to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o benedictines_n in_o spain_n after_o he_o have_v be_v their_o abbot_n some_o time_n he_o be_v promote_v to_o the_o high_a dignity_n of_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n that_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n may_v be_v the_o great_a the_o king_n free_o give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n archbishop_n of_o that_o see_v many_o town_n land_n mill_n and_o house_n in_o memory_n whereof_o a_o anniversary_n be_v celebrate_v for_o king_n alphonso_n every_o year_n in_o that_o church_n in_o june_n this_o do_v
which_o prove_v his_o ruin_n for_o the_o people_n general_o exclaim_v against_o he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o his_o fortune_n change_v after_o ransack_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n the_o arragonian_n march_v to_o besiege_v the_o city_n astorga_n have_v receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o queen_n resolve_v to_o make_v her_o last_o effort_n on_o that_o side_n martin_n muno_n come_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n with_o 300_o horse_n fall_v into_o a_o ambush_n where_o most_o of_o his_o man_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n he_o be_v himself_o take_v king_n alonso_z find_v himself_o weaken_v by_o this_o loss_n the_o many_o man_n that_o have_v die_v and_o the_o garrison_n he_o have_v place_v retire_v to_o carrion_n confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o that_o place_n there_o he_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o enemy_n for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o abbot_n clusensis_n send_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o compose_v those_o difference_n come_v and_o obtain_v of_o the_o queen_n a_o truce_n for_o some_o time_n and_o soon_o after_o prevail_v to_o have_v the_o siege_n raise_v the_o soldier_n of_o castille_n be_v raw_a and_o undisciplined_a can_v not_o be_v long_o keep_v together_o after_o this_o the_o arragonian_n bend_v their_o force_n against_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o lara_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o queen_n after_o a_o long_a siege_n recover_v the_o castle_n of_o burgos_n peter_n earl_n of_o lara_n think_v to_o marry_v the_o queen_n carry_v himself_o like_o a_o king_n at_o which_o many_o be_v offend_v and_o his_o name_n and_o the_o queen_n be_v public_o in_o lampoon_n and_o ballad_n at_o length_n he_o be_v secure_v and_o put_v in_o prison_n by_o gutierre_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr castro_n but_o escape_v and_o flee_v to_o barcelona_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o that_o james_n ordonez_n who_o charge_v the_o city_n zamora_n with_o treason_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n fight_v the_o three_o son_n of_o arias_n gonzalo_n after_o this_o prince_n alonso_z be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o castille_n his_o mother_n d._n vrraca_n castille_n fortify_v herself_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o leon_n but_o he_o besiege_v it_o they_o agree_v that_o she_o shall_v resign_v the_o crown_n to_o he_o and_o have_v revenue_n assign_v she_o for_o her_o maintenance_n it_o be_v impossible_a exact_o to_o reconcile_v the_o time_n when_o all_o these_o thing_n happen_v author_n vary_v so_o much_o even_o in_o this_o that_o be_v no_o considerable_a antiquity_n it_o be_v not_o know_v in_o what_o year_n queen_n vrraca_n die_v the_o most_o say_v she_o live_v about_o 17_o year_n after_o her_o father_n certain_a it_o be_v she_o be_v very_o lewd_a some_o say_v she_o die_v in_o childbed_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o saldana_n other_o that_o she_o burst_v at_o the_o church_n door_n of_o leon_n have_v take_v away_o the_o treasure_n of_o st._n isidorus_n grave_a author_n affirm_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o candespina_n have_v a_o son_n by_o she_o call_v fernan_n hurtado_n which_o signify_v steal_v because_o he_o be_v a_o bastard_n and_o that_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o that_o name_n in_o spain_n descend_v from_o he_o they_o also_o say_v that_o peter_n earl_n of_o lara_n have_v to_o do_v with_o she_o chap._n vi_o the_o war_n of_o majorca_n and_o zaragoca_n the_o schism_n of_o burdinus_n peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n the_o original_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n whilst_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n happen_v in_o castille_n the_o moor_n of_o majorca_n and_o zaragoça_n be_v beset_v by_o the_o power_n of_o several_a nation_n conspire_v against_o they_o gilbert_n zaragoca_n earl_n of_o provence_n and_o aimillan_n in_o france_n die_v his_o dominion_n fall_v to_o his_o only_a daughter_n call_v dulcis_fw-la raymund_n berengarius_fw-la earl_n of_o barcelona_n husband_n to_o the_o say_v dulcis_fw-la a_o prince_n powerful_a as_o well_o in_o his_o own_o dominion_n as_o the_o great_a addition_n of_o his_o wife_n be_v resolve_v with_o the_o unite_a force_n of_o his_o subject_n to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o island_n of_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n from_o whence_o the_o moor_n infest_a the_o coast_n of_o spain_n and_o france_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o gather_v a_o great_a fleet._n he_o get_v together_o all_o he_o can_v of_o his_o own_o which_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o great_a power_n the_o catalonian_o have_v afterward_o by_o sea_n but_o his_o fleet_n not_o be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o undertake_n he_o go_v himself_o to_o genoa_n and_o pisa_n city_n at_o that_o time_n powerful_a by_o sea_n and_o prevail_v with_o those_o people_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o the_o expedition_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v the_o catalonian_o and_o genoeses_n join_v and_o pass_v over_o to_o the_o island_n the_o war_n prove_v tedious_a catalonian_o and_o difficult_a for_o the_o moor_n misdoubt_v their_o own_o strength_n will_v not_o hazard_v a_o battle_n but_o take_v up_o all_o the_o provision_n in_o the_o country_n keep_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n the_o resolution_n of_o the_o christian_n overcome_v all_o difficulty_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o majorca_n be_v take_v by_o assault_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1115._o here_o die_v raimund_n bishop_n of_o baroelona_n to_o who_o succeed_v oldegarius_n who_o soon_o after_o 1115._o be_v translate_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o tarragona_n after_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n the_o rest_n seem_v easy_a when_o on_o a_o sudden_a news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o moor_n land_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o barcelona_n have_v strike_v a_o general_a terror_n into_o all_o the_o country_n and_o besiege_v the_o city_n the_o earl_n be_v force_v to_o go_v over_o to_o the_o continent_n leave_v the_o genoeses_n charge_v to_o secure_v the_o island_n at_o his_o first_o approach_n the_o infidel_n raise_v the_o siege_n he_o pursue_v and_o overthrow_v they_o near_o mortorel_n this_o action_n be_v tumultuary_a and_o disorderly_a the_o battle_n not_o be_v form_v two_o accident_n concur_v to_o lessen_v the_o joy_n of_o this_o victory_n one_o be_v that_o the_o genoeses_n bribe_v by_o the_o moor_n go_v away_o and_o quit_v the_o island_n as_o the_o writer_n of_o catalonia_n affirm_v for_o in_o the_o history_n of_o genoa_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o expedition_n the_o other_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o city_n carcassone_n in_o france_n atho_n as_o be_v say_v before_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n and_o rule_v tyrannical_o be_v expel_v by_o the_o citizen_n who_o return_v to_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n the_o barcelona_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o william_n earl_n of_o poitiers_n atho_n recover_v the_o city_n roger_n atho's_n elder_a son_n cause_v all_o the_o townsman_n to_o deliver_v their_o arm_n and_o that_o do_v order_v they_o to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n many_o that_o escape_v flee_v to_o barcelona_n at_o their_o instance_n the_o earl_n raimund_n arnaud_n berengarius_fw-la enter_v france_n with_o a_o army_n some_o religious_a person_n interpose_v the_o matter_n be_v adjust_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o atho_n shall_v possess_v the_o city_n but_o to_o hold_v it_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n whereas_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o hold_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o poitiers_n this_o william_n of_o poitiers_n be_v a_o man_n that_o only_o study_v to_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n though_o never_o so_o wrongful_o so_o when_o raimund_n earl_n of_o toulouze_n be_v go_v to_o the_o holy-land_n he_o seize_v upon_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o prince_n bertran_n the_o son_n of_o raymund_n return_v from_o the_o holy-land_n where_o his_o father_n be_v kill_v and_o he_o have_v get_v the_o lordship_n of_o tripoli_n find_v no_o hope_n of_o do_v any_o good_a upon_o the_o earl_n of_o poitiers_n he_o begin_v to_o treat_v with_o the_o neighbour_a poitiers_n prince_n about_o recover_v his_o patrimony_n but_o to_o no_o effect_n and_o therefore_o have_v recourse_n to_o d._n alonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n who_o receive_v he_o with_o mark_n of_o affection_n at_o barbastro_n here_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n shall_v do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n for_o his_o dominion_n in_o france_n in_o case_n he_o be_v restore_v to_o they_o by_o his_o mean_n this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1116._o but_o it_o come_v to_o nothing_o for_o the_o earl_n be_v not_o restore_v he_o of_o poitiers_n be_v very_o powerful_a and_o the_o force_n of_o arragon_n at_o that_o time_n divide_v against_o castille_n and_o the_o 1116._o moor_n yet_o some_o year_n after_o d._n alonso_n jordan_n brother_n to_o bertrand_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o toulouze_n where_o he_o have_v be_v keep_v prisoner_n and_o the_o
possession_n of_o that_o city_n restore_v to_o he_o by_o the_o citizen_n when_o they_o have_v expel_v william_n morello_n who_o hold_v it_o for_o the_o earl_n of_o poitiers_n d._n alonso_n his_o heir_n keep_v that_o city_n till_o the_o four_o generation_n and_o be_v all_o call_v raimunds_n the_o last_o of_o which_o leave_v but_o one_o daughter_n marry_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o poitiers_n who_o have_v no_o issue_n by_o she_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o earldom_n of_o poitiers_n and_o toulouze_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n the_o holy_a king_n s_o luis_n brother_n to_o that_o earl_n be_v the_o rightful_a heir_n the_o territory_n of_o zaragoça_n a_o strong_a rich_a and_o populous_a city_n extend_v to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o king_n of_o aragon_n dominion_n from_o thence_o the_o inhabitant_n use_v to_o make_v frequent_a incursion_n into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o christian_n do_v all_o the_o harm_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v from_o such_o a_o take_v barbarous_a people_n king_n alonso_z notwithstanding_o the_o war_n with_o castille_n be_v not_o end_v resolve_v to_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n and_o â—ay_n siege_n to_o that_o city_n tahuste_n a_o town_n of_o note_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o ebro_n be_v now_o take_v by_o the_o valour_n and_o conduct_n of_o bacalla_n a_o great_a man._n borgi_n on_o the_o border_n of_o navarre_n magalona_n and_o other_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v also_o take_v the_o alniogarave_n so_o they_o call_v the_o choice_n old_a soldier_n be_v put_v into_o castellar_n a_o strong_a hold_n on_o the_o eminence_n above_o zaragoça_n as_o be_v say_v before_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o provision_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o store_n either_o to_o infest_v the_o country_n or_o endure_v a_o long_a siege_n these_o be_v prelude_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o zaragoça_n the_o same_o whereof_o bring_v thither_o many_o person_n of_o note_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o earl_n gaston_n of_o bearne_v rotron_n of_o perche_n and_o gentulle_v of_o bigorre_n thus_o have_v gather_v a_o mighty_a army_n they_o sit_v before_o the_o city_n in_o the_o year_n 1118._o on_o the_o eight_o day_n they_o gain_v the_o suburb_n that_o lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n rotron_n earl_n of_o perche_n whilst_o 1118._o the_o siege_n go_v on_o with_o a_o body_n of_o 600_o horse_n take_v tudela_n a_o considerable_a town_n in_o navarre_n and_o keep_v it_o as_o a_o reward_n of_o his_o valour_n the_o moor_n know_v of_o what_o consequence_n zaragoça_n be_v gather_v in_o great_a number_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a beside_o temin_n a_o famous_a commander_n have_v join_v they_o with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o barbary_n moor_n he_o bring_v out_o of_o africa_n all_o these_o encamp_v on_o a_o advantageous_a ground_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n guerba_fw-la above_o zaragoca_n near_o the_o castle_n of_o mary_n then_o hold_v by_o the_o moor_n but_o perceive_v the_o christian_n exceed_v they_o in_o number_n and_o experience_n they_o draw_v back_o in_o the_o city_n there_o begin_v to_o be_v want_n of_o provision_n and_o what_o be_v worst_a no_o hope_n of_o relief_n delay_z be_v troublesome_a to_o the_o besieger_n thing_n be_v in_o this_o posture_n advice_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n that_o a_o nephew_n of_o temin_n other_o say_v he_o be_v son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o cordova_n be_v march_v with_o a_o resolution_n to_o force_v his_o passage_n into_o the_o town_n king_n alonso_z know_v if_o the_o moor_n succeed_v he_o must_v be_v oblige_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n march_v out_o and_o meet_v he_o at_o cutanda_n near_o daroca_n a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o moor_n be_v kill_v the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n and_o their_o general_n take_v the_o besiege_a have_v notice_n hereof_o and_o despair_v of_o any_o relief_n surrender_v upon_o article_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o september_n after_o a_o siege_n of_o eight_o month_n our_o man_n be_v so_o assure_v of_o success_n that_o they_o have_v beforehand_o consecrate_a peter_n librana_n bishop_n of_o that_o city_n and_o he_o consecrate_a the_o church_n to_o the_o earl_n gaston_n of_o bearne_v and_o rotron_n of_o perche_n the_o king_n give_v for_o their_o good_a service_n two_o quarter_n in_o that_o city_n for_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o ebro_n nine_o league_n from_o zaragoça_n be_v former_o a_o colony_n of_o the_o roman_n called_z julia_z ceisa_n now_o a_o desert_n take_v place_n but_o about_o a_o league_n from_o it_o be_v a_o town_n at_o present_a call_v xelsa_n the_o only_a remain_a monument_n of_o that_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n thither_o the_o king_n march_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n will_v permit_v waste_v all_o the_o country_n of_o the_o moor_n about_o thence_o he_o advance_v into_o the_o province_n former_o call_v celtiberia_n where_o all_o thing_n succeed_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n all_o place_n submit_v to_o he_o this_o season_n he_o take_v taraçona_n alabona_n epila_n calatayud_n ariza_n and_o daroca_n beyond_o this_o last_o place_n the_o king_n build_v a_o town_n to_o which_o he_o give_v name_n of_o monreal_n in_o a_o convenient_a place_n to_o check_v the_o party_n of_o valencia_n that_o use_v to_o ravage_v that_o country_n at_o this_o time_n the_o carthusian_n and_o cistercian_n monk_n new_o institute_v grow_v famous_a for_o sanctity_n of_o life_n at_o jerusalem_n the_o knight_n templar_n and_o hospitaler_n gain_v fame_n by_o their_o hospitaler_n action_n against_o the_o insidel_n the_o templar_n wear_v a_o red_a cross_n on_o a_o white_a garment_n the_o hospitaler_n call_v also_o of_o st._n john_n wear_v a_o white_a cross_n on_o a_o black_a cloak_n s._n bernard_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n be_v founder_n of_o the_o cistercian_n and_o come_v into_o spain_n where_o he_o persuade_v the_o king_n to_o give_v the_o new_a town_n of_o monreal_n to_o the_o knight_n templar_n which_o be_v do_v according_o a_o monastery_n be_v build_v and_o revenue_n assign_v they_o particular_o the_o fifths_o of_o all_o booty_n be_v give_v they_o for_o their_o maintenance_n that_o they_o may_v infest_v the_o moor_n on_o that_o side_n this_o be_v the_o first_o entrance_n of_o the_o knight_n templar_n into_o spain_n and_o this_o the_o original_a of_o the_o vast_a revenue_n they_o afterward_o possess_v which_o doubtless_o in_o the_o end_n prove_v their_o ruin_n chap._n vii_o a_o schism_n in_o the_o church_n on_o account_n of_o a_o antipope_n peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n war_n with_o the_o moor_n original_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n in_o the_o year_n 1119_o guido_n a_o burgundian_n uncle_n to_o alonso_n king_n of_o castille_n be_v choose_v pope_n 1119._o and_o take_v the_o name_n of_o calixtus_n ii_o henry_n iu._n then_o emperor_n be_v excommunicate_v church_n cause_v burdinus_n archbishop_n of_o braga_n by_o the_o name_n of_o gregory_n viii_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o papal_a dignity_n which_o produce_v a_o schism_n in_o the_o church_n that_o last_v three_o year_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o the_o lawful_a pope_n prevail_v burdinus_n be_v take_v and_o shut_v up_o in_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o trinity_n of_o cava_fw-la where_o he_o die_v the_o promotion_n of_o calixtus_n to_o the_o papacy_n be_v very_o please_v to_o his_o nephew_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o very_o advantageous_a to_o all_o spain_n in_o general_n at_o that_o time_n the_o chief_a city_n and_o castle_n arragon_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v hold_v by_o garrison_n of_o arragonian_n without_o any_o other_o right_o than_o that_o of_o arms._n the_o castilian_n either_o that_o they_o be_v habituate_v to_o obey_v or_o for_o kindness_n receive_v of_o the_o arragonian_n be_v not_o concern_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o liberty_n though_o young_a the_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v a_o great_a spirit_n and_o can_v not_o put_v up_o the_o wrong_v do_v he_o by_o his_o father-in-law_n ambassador_n pass_v betwixt_o they_o he_o of_o arragon_n neither_o flat_o refuse_v nor_o yet_o perform_v what_o be_v require_v but_o still_o delay_v and_o frame_v excuse_n at_o length_n it_o come_v to_o the_o point_n that_o herald_n be_v send_v to_o demand_v restitution_n of_o the_o place_n withhold_v or_o if_o refuse_v to_o declare_v war._n these_o threat_n make_v no_o impression_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n great_a army_n be_v raise_v on_o both_o side_n but_o the_o aragonian_a be_v best_o furnish_v take_v the_o field_n first_o break_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o rioja_n on_o the_o side_n of_o navarre_n great_a mischief_n be_v like_a to_o ensue_v whoever_o have_v the_o better_a therefore_o several_a godly_a prelate_n of_o both_o kingdom_n interpose_v labour_v for_o a_o accommodation_n their_o success_n be_v better_a than_o have_v be_v hope_v at_o first_o for_o both_o king_n suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v persuade_v and_o each_o peace_n yield_a something_o they_o agree_v upon_o these_o
or_o be_v take_v by_o force_n and_o toledo_n itself_o do_v not_o escape_v for_o it_o appear_v that_o city_n submit_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n so_o that_o a_o very_a small_a part_n remain_v to_o the_o young_a king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o king_n of_o navarre_n think_v this_o a_o good_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v his_o loss_n have_v first_o make_v peace_n with_o arragon_n break_v into_o the_o dominion_n of_o castille_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o logrono_n entrena_n briviesca_n and_o other_o to_n thus_o all_o the_o country_n be_v fill_v with_o confusion_n whilst_o castille_n be_v thus_o rend_v with_o intestine_a division_n the_o moor_n of_o andaluzia_n enjoy_v perfect_a peace_n only_o the_o force_n of_o portugal_n and_o arragon_n keep_v they_o in_o awe_n raymund_n prince_n of_o moor_n arragon_n be_v in_o great_a renown_n for_o his_o perpetual_a good_a fortune_n which_o be_v such_o that_o lope_n the_o moorish_a king_n of_o murcia_n be_v subject_a to_o he_o and_o in_o france_n he_o have_v take_v above_o 30_o stronghold_n and_o the_o town_n of_o trencataye_n which_o he_o destroy_v from_o the_o family_n of_o beauce_n who_o invade_v provence_n the_o emperor_n frederick_n who_o have_v favour_v his_o enemy_n seek_v his_o friendship_n and_o a_o league_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o they_o raymund_n have_v bring_v out_o of_o castille_n rica_fw-la the_o widow_n of_o the_o emperor_n alonso_n and_o his_o daughter_n sancha_n contract_v to_o his_o own_o son_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o rica_fw-la who_o be_v his_o kinswoman_n shall_v marry_v raymund_n berengarius_fw-la earl_n of_o provence_n who_o thereupon_o shall_v possess_v all_o the_o say_a earldom_n of_o provence_n and_o the_o city_n arles_n with_o its_o territory_n to_o ratify_v this_o agreement_n it_o be_v resolve_v both_o raymunds_n shall_v meet_v the_o emperor_n at_o turin_n on_o the_o first_o of_o august_n in_o the_o year_n 1162._o on_o the_o way_n thither_o at_o s._n dalmacius_n a_o town_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o 1162._o alps_o raymund_n prince_n of_o arragon_n fall_v sick_a and_o die_v the_o 6_o day_n of_o the_o same_o month._n notwithstanding_o death_n his_o death_n raymund_n earl_n of_o provence_n obtain_v of_o the_o emperor_n all_o he_o desire_v prince_n raymund_n body_n be_v bring_v to_o his_o country_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o ripoli_n as_o he_o have_v order_v cortes_n or_o a_o parliament_n be_v hold_v at_o huesca_n raymund_n last_o will_v leave_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n be_v repeat_v whereby_o he_o declare_v his_o son_n raymund_n his_o successor_n who_o take_v possession_n of_o his_o father_n principality_n by_o the_o name_n of_o alonso_n to_o peter_n his_o second_o son_n arragon_n he_o leave_v cerdagne_n carcassonne_n and_o narbonne_n sancho_n the_o young_a be_v to_o succeed_v peter_n in_o case_n he_o die_v without_o heir_n he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o his_o daughter_n dulcis_fw-la who_o be_v after_o queen_n of_o portugal_n nor_o of_o his_o bastard_n son_n berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v bishop_n of_o taraçona_n and_o lerida_n and_o abbot_n of_o montaragon_n the_o king_n minority_n he_o be_v but_o 11_o year_n old_a give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o turbulent_a spirit_n to_o raise_v commotion_n a_o impostor_n now_o open_o affirm_v he_o be_v king_n alonso_n who_o as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v kill_v 28_o year_n before_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o fraga_n he_o say_v he_o have_v be_v till_o then_o in_o asia_n serve_v against_o the_o infidel_n in_o the_o holy-land_n his_o age_n and_o feature_n but_o most_o of_o all_o the_o love_n the_o multitude_n have_v for_o novelty_n gain_v he_o some_o reputation_n great_a mischief_n may_v have_v ensue_v have_v not_o the_o impostor_n be_v take_v at_o zaragoça_n and_o put_v to_o death_n in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o tumult_n in_o the_o year_n 1163._o the_o assembly_n 1163._o of_o state_n or_o parliament_n of_o arragon_n be_v hold_v at_o barcelona_n the_o queen_n petronilla_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o nobility_n resign_v over_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n to_o her_o son_n than_o 13_o year_n of_o age._n raymund_n earl_n of_o provence_n who_o have_v some_o time_n govern_v catalonia_n for_o his_o cousin_n return_v home_o and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1166._o king_n alonso_z receive_v the_o news_n at_o girona_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o nobility_n call_v himself_o marquis_n of_o provence_n for_o they_o pretend_v by_o the_o 1166._o emperor_n grant_n that_o country_n be_v not_o only_o give_v to_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o provence_n but_o to_o raymund_n prince_n of_o arragon_n and_o his_o heir_n which_o occasion_v war_n in_o france_n chap._n iu._n alonso_n the_o young_a king_n of_o castille_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n recover_v most_o of_o his_o dominion_n join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o aragonian_a and_o marry_v ellenor_n daughter_n to_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o england_n some_o action_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o leon._n in_o castille_n the_o people_n grow_v weary_a of_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n invite_v their_o young_a king_n alonso_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n promise_v all_o will_v declare_v for_o he_o these_o castille_n invitation_n and_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o nobility_n prevail_v and_o he_o resolve_v to_o depart_v from_o avila_n and_o visit_v the_o principal_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1168._o as_o some_o 1168._o write_v i_o rather_o believe_v two_o year_n soon_o by_o the_o computation_n of_o time_n for_o when_o his_o father_n die_v he_o be_v 4_o year_n of_o age_n and_o at_o this_o time_n 11._o he_o be_v not_o deceive_v for_o many_o city_n receive_v he_o with_o joy_n and_o furnish_v all_o necessary_n for_o he_o and_o his_o retinue_n which_o at_o first_o consist_v of_o only_a a_o few_o noble_n and_o a_o guard_n of_o 150_o horse_n furnish_v by_o the_o city_n avila_n this_o be_v a_o small_a force_n to_o recover_v so_o many_o place_n as_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n hold_v with_o strong_a garrison_n the_o king_n encourage_v by_o success_n resolve_v to_o try_v toledo_n but_o fear_v ferdinand_n ruiz_n de_fw-fr castro_n who_o hold_v it_o will_v not_o be_v prevail_v upon_o to_o deliver_v that_o city_n stephen_n illan_n a_o citizen_n of_o note_n have_v build_v the_o church_n of_o s._n romanus_n in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n and_o adjoin_v to_o it_o a_o tower_n which_o serve_v as_o well_o for_o strength_n as_o a_o ornament_n he_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n and_o therefore_o get_v private_o out_o of_o the_o city_n he_o convey_v the_o king_n disguised_z into_o the_o tower_n then_o set_v up_o the_o royal_a standard_n he_o give_v notice_n the_o king_n be_v there_o whereupon_o the_o citizen_n run_v to_o arm_n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n flee_v to_o huete_n a_o town_n then_o very_o strong_a as_o lie_v upon_o the_o frontier_n expose_v to_o the_o moor_n the_o people_n of_o toledo_n as_o well_o those_o who_o have_v be_v against_o admit_v the_o king_n as_o the_o most_o he_o loyal_a express_v great_a joy_n and_o nothing_o resound_v but_o god_n save_o the_o king_n stephen_n illan_n for_o his_o good_a service_n be_v much_o honour_v and_o make_v governor_n of_o the_o city_n after_o his_o death_n the_o citizen_n cause_v his_o picture_n on_o horseback_n to_o be_v draw_v on_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o cathedral_n behind_o the_o high_a altar_n where_o it_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v the_o king_n enter_v toledo_n upon_o friday_n the_o 26_o of_o august_n on_o michaelmass-day_n follow_v die_v john_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n when_o he_o have_v govern_v that_o church_n with_o much_o applause_n 16_o year_n cerebrunus_n or_o cenebrunus_n succeed_v he_o a_o man_n grateful_a to_o king_n alonso_n have_v teach_v he_o the_o first_o rudiment_n of_o learning_n he_o have_v be_v archdeacon_n of_o toledo_n and_o bishop_n of_o siguença_n and_o it_o be_v think_v be_v a_o frenchman_n the_o king_n after_o secure_v toledo_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o manrique_n earl_n of_o lara_n his_o general_n march_v against_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n who_o refuse_v not_o to_o meet_v he_o be_v support_v by_o the_o people_n of_o huete_n that_o stand_v firm_a to_o he_o two_o league_n from_o that_o town_n at_o a_o place_n call_v garcinaharro_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n fight_v in_o a_o disguise_n d._n manrique_n with_o all_o his_o might_n charge_v a_o gentleman_n that_o be_v arm_v like_o a_o general_n and_o kill_v he_o believe_v it_o have_v be_v ferdinand_n but_o be_v himself_o soon_o after_o slay_v by_o one_o of_o the_o say_v ferdinand_n follower_n the_o general_n be_v kill_v the_o king_n force_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n rebel_n nuno_n brother_n to_o manrique_n understand_v the_o deceit_n use_v by_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n lay_v treachery_n to_o his_o charge_n
against_o leon_n think_v the_o wrong_n do_v he_o have_v be_v sufficient_o revenge_v chap._n vi_o rebellion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n suppress_v alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n take_v by_o ferdinand_n of_o leon_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n be_v besiege_a in_o santarem_n by_o the_o moor_n be_v relieve_v by_o he_o he_o vanquish_v the_o infidel_n action_n of_o his_o son_n sancho_n the_o people_n of_o leon_n bear_v ferdinand_n their_o king_n no_o affection_n some_o pretend_v heavy_a tax_n other_o that_o he_o be_v austere_a and_o the_o city_n salamanca_n complain_v that_o he_o have_v take_v rebel_n part_n of_o their_o territory_n to_o add_v it_o to_o ledesma_n which_o he_o rebuilt_a hereupon_o they_o rebel_v under_o one_o nuno_n rabia_n who_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n say_v they_o call_v king_n the_o town_n of_o avila_n send_v they_o supply_n but_o king_n ferdinand_n come_v upon_o they_o overthrow_v the_o rebel_n take_v their_o captain_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v salamanca_n be_v easy_o reduce_v and_o zamora_n before_o mutinous_a by_o this_o example_n be_v pacify_v these_o trouble_n be_v over_o the_o king_n be_v perplex_v how_o to_o relieve_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n besiege_v by_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o moor_n s._n isidorus_n patron_n of_o leon_n be_v say_v to_o have_v assist_v he_o in_o vanquish_a they_o as_o he_o do_v and_o grow_v proud_a with_o this_o success_n enter_v portugal_n and_o plunder_v the_o frontier_n d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n be_v prevail_v upon_o by_o the_o king_n to_o quit_v the_o service_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o engage_v under_o he_o against_o castille_n who_o territory_n he_o immediate_o enter_v with_o the_o force_n of_o leon._n near_o lubricall_a in_o the_o country_n of_o campos_n he_o overthrow_v a_o body_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o come_v to_o oppose_v he_o take_v many_o prisoner_n of_o note_n and_o among_o they_o d._n nuno_n de_fw-fr lara_n his_o mortal_a enemy_n he_o treat_v they_o all_o courteous_o and_o give_v they_o their_o liberty_n only_o exact_v a_o oath_n of_o they_o that_o they_o will_v be_v his_o true_a friend_n then_o put_v away_o his_o first_o wife_n he_o marry_v d._n estephania_n king_n ferdinand_n sister_n by_o who_o he_o have_v peter_n de_fw-fr castro_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n though_o of_o a_o great_a age_n have_v warlike_a thought_n and_o resent_v that_o defeat_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n be_v a_o curb_n and_o inlet_n to_o portugal_n wherefore_o have_v gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o it_o to_o his_o son_n sancho_n order_v he_o to_o besiege_v that_o city_n be_v persuade_v the_o king_n of_o leon_n now_o engage_v in_o war_n with_o castille_n can_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o relieve_v it_o king_n ferdinand_n with_o part_n of_o his_o force_n meet_v the_o portuguese_n and_o near_o the_o town_n of_o arraganal_n overthrow_v they_o take_v many_o prisoner_n who_o he_o present_o set_v at_o liberty_n king_n alonso_z after_o this_o loss_n recruit_v his_o army_n enter_v galicia_n where_o he_o take_v limia_n turonia_fw-la and_o some_o other_o to_n then_o have_v increase_v his_o army_n he_o attack_v badojoz_n which_o though_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o moor_n be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n who_o immediate_o come_v to_o its_o relief_n the_o portague_n have_v already_o take_v part_n of_o the_o city_n but_o portugal_n take_v by_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n of_o dare_v to_o give_v battle_n be_v vanquish_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v into_o the_o very_a town_n that_o be_v no_o place_n of_o safety_n for_o the_o moor_n press_v he_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o christian_n on_o the_o other_o attempt_v to_o escape_v he_o be_v strike_v down_o by_o the_o bolt_n of_o the_o gate_n and_o so_o take_v king_n ferdinand_n have_v entertain_v he_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o civility_n and_o cause_v his_o wound_n to_o be_v dress_v give_v he_o his_o liberty_n this_o courtesy_n so_o oblige_v the_o portague_n that_o he_o offer_v to_o submit_v himself_o and_o kingdom_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n which_o be_v refuse_v and_o nothing_o demand_v of_o he_o but_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o town_n he_o have_v take_v in_o galicia_n the_o follow_a year_n be_v 1180._o on_o the_o first_o of_o october_n die_v luis_n vii_o king_n of_o france_n and_o philip_n augustus_n succeed_v 1180._o he_o about_o the_o same_o time_n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n build_v the_o city_n victoria_n in_o that_o part_n of_o biscay_n call_v alava_n it_o be_v the_o head_n of_o that_o province_n and_o stand_v where_o former_o be_v tarragona_n a_o village_n call_v gasteiso_n at_o tarragona_n a_o synod_n be_v hold_v where_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o for_o the_o future_a the_o catalonian_o in_o the_o public_a write_n shall_v forbear_v name_v the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n as_o have_v be_v use_v till_o then_o in_o the_o year_n 1181._o die_v cerebrunns_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n gonzalo_z the_o first_o of_o this_o name_n a_o man_n of_o great_a 1181._o piety_n and_o learning_n succeed_v he_o some_o name_n peter_n de_fw-fr cardona_n before_o d._n gonçalo_n some_o after_o he_o perhaps_o he_o be_v elect_a and_o not_o consecrate_a most_o author_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o he_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n now_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o badajoz_n that_o city_n be_v altogether_o leon._n inhabit_v by_o moor_n and_o he_o can_v neither_o people_n it_o with_o christian_n nor_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a garrison_n therefore_o he_o give_v the_o government_n of_o it_o to_o abenabel_n a_o moor_n who_o soon_o rebel_v and_o call_v the_o almohade_n to_o his_o assistance_n not_o content_a with_o this_o he_o gather_v a_o army_n waste_v the_o frontier_n of_o leon_n and_o then_o march_v into_o portugal_n besiege_a king_n alonso_n in_o santarem_n king_n ferdinand_n assemble_v his_o force_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o father-in-law_n but_o the_o moor_n not_o dare_v to_o stand_v the_o power_n of_o both_o king_n flee_v at_o first_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v jealous_a of_o king_n ferdinand_n design_n be_v as_o much_o afraid_a of_o he_o as_o of_o the_o moor_n but_o be_v better_o assure_v take_v courage_n king_n ferdinand_n return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o a_o rich_a booty_n this_o same_o year_n 1181_o pope_n lucius_n iii_o enter_v upon_o the_o 1181._o papacy_n he_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o spain_n to_o settle_v peace_n betwixt_o the_o christian_a prince_n for_o the_o better_a prosecute_a the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v resolve_v to_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o shrine_n of_o st._n james_n bear_v the_o legate_n company_n into_o castille_n by_o their_o christian_n mediation_n peace_n be_v establish_v the_o bound_n of_o each_o kingdom_n assign_v and_o how_o much_o of_o what_o the_o moor_n possess_v shall_v belong_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o each_o appoint_v wherein_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n gain_v great_a reputation_n for_o his_o modesty_n have_v no_o further_o assign_v he_o than_o to_o valencia_n but_o afterward_o his_o son_n peter_n be_v dissatisfy_v have_v it_o extend_v to_o alicant_n only_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n can_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o admit_v of_o this_o pacification_n be_v high_o offend_v at_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n for_o the_o great_a harm_n he_o have_v do_v he_o however_o for_o some_o time_n peace_n continue_v among_o the_o christians_n or_o at_o least_o no_o considerable_a hostility_n be_v commit_v the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o moor_n chief_o by_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1183._o cause_v the_o bone_n of_o s._n vincent_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o cape_n of_o his_o name_n to_o the_o cathedral_n of_o lisbon_n he_o send_v his_o son_n sancho_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tagus_n to_o 1183._o secure_v the_o frontier_n and_o observe_v the_o moor_n sancho_n be_v young_a and_o ambitious_a of_o honour_n with_o a_o good_a force_n enter_v andaluzia_n and_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o sevil._n those_o people_n dare_v to_o come_v out_o and_o give_v he_o battle_n he_o overthrow_v they_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o ilipa_n now_o call_v niebla_n but_o can_v not_o take_v it_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n upon_o news_n bring_v he_o that_o the_o moor_n have_v attack_v beja_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o portugal_n they_o also_o he_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o enter_v santarem_n in_o triumph_n at_o the_o same_o time_n intelligence_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o almohade_n with_o their_o king_n abenjacob_n gather_v mighty_a force_n against_o portugal_n but_o they_o be_v so_o quick_a that_o before_o it_o be_v expect_v they_o sit_v down_o
peace_n his_o son_n peter_n succeed_v he_o and_o be_v the_o second_o of_o the_o name_n to_z alonso_z he_o leave_v provence_n and_o its_o dependency_n to_o ferdinand_n the_o monastery_n of_o poblete_n of_o cistercian_n found_v by_o his_o father_n and_o finish_v by_o himself_o betwixt_o tarragona_n and_o lerida_n his_o three_o daughter_n constance_n ellenor_n and_o dulcis_fw-la be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v in_o the_o throne_n in_o case_n their_o brother_n die_v without_o heir_n this_o year_n be_v also_o unfortunate_a for_o plague_n and_o famine_n which_o rage_v most_o in_o catalonia_n the_o moorish_a king_n also_o make_v a_o incursion_n take_v caceres_n and_o plasencia_n destroy_v the_o country_n of_o talavera_n but_o can_v not_o enter_v the_o town_n and_o demolish_a santolalla_n and_o escalona_n toledo_n be_v ten_o day_n besiege_v in_o the_o year_n ensue_v which_o be_v 1197._o there_o be_v great_a revolution_n in_o catalonia_n the_o people_n be_v divide_v in_o faction_n some_o follow_v armengaud_n earl_n of_o vrgel_n other_o roger_n earl_n of_o faux_n 1197._o who_o prevail_v and_o subdue_v the_o other_o party_n abenjoseph_n the_o moor_n flush_v with_o succeess_n march_v again_o to_o toledo_n but_o despair_v of_o take_v that_o city_n ravage_v all_o the_o country_n about_o madrid_n and_o alcala_n then_o turn_v off_o to_o the_o left_a do_v the_o same_o about_o ocana_n vcles_n huete_fw-la and_o cuenca_n king_n alonso_z not_o able_a of_o himself_o to_o withstand_v so_o great_a a_o power_n think_v of_o foreign_a aid_n there_o be_v no_o hope_n in_o leon_n and_o navarre_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n waste_v his_o dominion_n the_o one_o enter_v at_o soria_n the_o other_o the_o country_n of_o campos_n no_o hope_n remain_v except_o peter_n call_v the_o catholic_n king_n of_o arragon_n who_o ready_o condescend_v and_o they_o join_v their_o force_n it_o be_v resolve_v first_o to_o take_v revenge_n on_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n from_o who_o be_v easy_o take_v the_o town_n of_o bolanos_n castroverde_v valencia_n and_o carpio_n navarre_n be_v design_v to_o suffer_v next_o but_o it_o be_v not_o effect_v for_o that_o abenjoseph_n prepare_v again_o to_o invade_v castille_n however_o the_o christian_n again_o in_o the_o year_n 1198_o turn_v their_o fury_n against_o leon_n ravage_v all_o the_o territory_n 1198._o moor_n of_o salamanca_n and_o take_v alva_n and_o monterey_n with_o other_o lesser_a place_n such_o be_v the_o blind_a passion_n of_o the_o two_o king_n that_o to_o be_v at_o leisure_n to_o invade_v navarre_n they_o conclude_v a_o truce_n for_o ten_o year_n with_o the_o moor_n abenjoseph_n at_o this_o time_n sancho_n king_n of_o portugal_n be_v busy_a repair_v many_o town_n as_o valencia_n de_fw-fr mino_n montemor_fw-la o_fw-la novo_fw-la vallelas_n penamacor_n sorrella_n penella_n and_o other_o which_o he_o give_v some_o to_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n some_o to_o those_o of_o avis_n who_o then_o first_o begin_v to_o be_v know_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o a_o fleet_n of_o english_a french_a and_o fleming_n he_o take_v the_o city_n silve_v near_o cape_n s._n vincent_n his_o brother-in-law_n philip_n earl_n of_o flanders_n send_v 27_o ship_n and_o a_o good_a body_n of_o choice_a soldier_n author_n do_v not_o agree_v about_o the_o time_n of_o this_o action_n some_o say_v it_o be_v the_o year_n 1199._o other_o 10_o year_n before_o many_o prodigy_n 1199._o see_v about_o this_o time_n terrfy_v all_o man_n especial_o the_o vulgar_a who_o be_v more_o superstitious_a in_o portugal_n there_o be_v a_o rage_a plague_n and_o famine_n at_o once_o which_o the_o commonalty_n portugal_n attribute_v to_o god_n vengeance_n for_o that_o alonso_z king_n of_o leon_n and_o teresa_n princess_n of_o portugal_n be_v not_o divorce_v as_o the_o pope_n have_v express_o command_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o portugal_n be_v under_o a_o interdict_v and_o all_o person_n who_o oppose_v that_o separation_n excommunicate_v to_o add_v to_o these_o misfortune_n the_o city_n silve_n be_v recover_v by_o abenjoseph_n the_o moor._n at_o length_n in_o the_o year_n 1200._o the_o king_n of_o leon_n be_v divorce_v and_o immediate_o begin_v to_o treat_v of_o marry_v berengaria_n daughter_n to_o king_n alonso_n of_o castille_n with_o who_o he_o have_v as_o near_o 1200._o divorce_v kindred_n as_o with_o the_o former_a but_o state_n policy_n bear_v down_o conscience_n and_o religion_n it_o appear_v by_o a_o epistle_n of_o pope_n innocent_a iii_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o compostella_n that_o he_o refuse_v to_o give_v a_o dispensation_n for_o this_o marriage_n alonso_z king_n of_o castille_n ardent_o desire_v to_o be_v revenge_v of_o navarre_n but_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n can_v not_o join_v he_o present_o as_o have_v be_v agree_v be_v then_o at_o variance_n with_o his_o mother_n queen_n sancha_n of_o who_o he_o be_v suspicious_a and_o therefore_o seize_v upon_o her_o jointer_n land_n the_o two_o king_n meet_v at_o hariza_n and_o there_o matter_n be_v adjust_v betwixt_o the_o aragonian_a and_o his_o mother_n peter_n ruiz_n de_fw-fr açagra_n lord_n of_o albarazin_n be_v reconcile_v to_o both_o king_n be_v at_o this_o congress_n and_o here_o be_v conclude_v a_o strict_a alliance_n on_o the_o 30_o of_o november_n this_o same_o year_n according_a to_o our_o historian_n richard_n king_n of_o england_n marry_v berengaria_n the_o daughter_n of_o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n english_a author_n say_v it_o be_v a_o year_n soon_o and_o that_o he_o die_v this_o same_o year_n king_n alonso_z of_o castille_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o truce_n with_o the_o moor_n repair_v all_o the_o place_n they_o have_v demolish_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n cease_v not_o to_o press_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n to_o join_v his_o force_n against_o navarre_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v at_o last_o both_o army_n enter_v navarre_n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n despair_v of_o any_o succour_n from_o christian_a prince_n and_o find_v himself_o too_o weak_a to_o withstand_v so_o great_a a_o power_n go_v over_o into_o africa_n not_o doubt_v of_o assistance_n from_o abenjoseph_n miramamolin_n he_o be_v go_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n range_v that_o country_n without_o any_o opposition_n aivar_n and_o the_o country_n of_o valderroncal_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n he_o of_o castille_n have_v miranda_n and_o insula_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o vitoria_n head_n of_o the_o province_n alaba_n the_o siege_n grow_v tedious_a the_o king_n leave_v james_n de_fw-fr haro_n to_o command_v there_o and_o go_v himself_o to_o the_o province_n of_o guipuscoa_n in_o biscay_n which_o submit_v to_o he_o the_o people_n be_v offend_v at_o the_o government_n of_o the_o navarrois_fw-fr vitoria_n be_v also_o surrender_v and_o after_o it_o all_o the_o fortress_n in_o they_o alaba_n yet_o they_o capitulate_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v impose_v no_o new_a law_n or_o governor_n on_o they_o except_o in_o vitoria_n and_o trevino_n where_o he_o may_v place_v who_o he_o please_v nothing_o can_v withstand_v the_o two_o king_n the_o country_n be_v altogether_o forsake_v a_o report_n be_v also_o spread_v that_o king_n sancho_n have_v a_o incurable_a cancer_n in_o one_o of_o his_o leg_n which_o proceed_v from_o melancholy_a for_o his_o misfortune_n the_o seacoast_n of_o biscay_n be_v now_o fortify_v some_o town_n repair_v as_o s._n sebastian_n fuenterrabia_n guetaria_n and_o motrico_n and_o other_o new_a one_o build_v which_o be_v laredo_n santander_n and_o st._n vincent_n mean_a while_n king_n sancho_n have_v meet_v with_o no_o success_n return_v home_o with_o shame_n and_o find_v his_o kingdom_n diminish_v on_o all_o side_n he_o send_v submissive_a embassy_n to_o both_o the_o king_n but_o they_o obtain_v nothing_o for_o neither_o of_o they_o will_v part_v with_o what_o he_o have_v gain_v by_o the_o sword_n beside_o they_o have_v other_o pretension_n of_o right_a to_o palliate_v their_o ambition_n whilst_o these_o thing_n happen_v in_o spain_n john_n king_n of_o england_n be_v hard_o press_v by_o philip_n leon._n 1201._o augustus_n king_n of_o france_n conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n by_o which_o he_o restore_v many_o town_n to_o the_o french_a and_o the_o better_a to_o colour_n this_o condescension_n give_v they_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o dower_n oblige_v the_o king_n of_o france_n to_z marry_o one_o of_o the_o daughter_n of_o alonso_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o neices_n to_o john_n king_n alonso_n have_v four_o daughter_n three_o of_o they_o marriageable_a which_o be_v berengaria_n vrraca_n and_o blanch._n berengaria_n about_o the_o same_o time_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n the_o french_a have_v their_o choice_n of_o the_o other_o two_o and_o pitch_v upon_o blanch._n she_o be_v contract_v at_o burgos_n and_o thence_o convey_v to_o guienne_n then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a from_o whence_o the_o nobility_n of_o france_n conduct_v she_o
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after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o reverend_n d._n roderick_n bishop_n of_o leon_n the_o clergy_n can_v not_o agree_v about_o leon._n choose_v his_o successor_n which_o opportunity_n the_o heretic_n who_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o truth_n and_o delight_n in_o such_o discord_n lay_v hold_v of_o to_o get_v into_o that_o city_n then_o without_o a_o pastor_n and_o to_o assail_v the_o flock_n of_o christ_n that_o their_o design_n may_v succeed_v they_o arm_v themselves_o as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v with_o invention_n they_o give_v out_o that_o miracle_n be_v wrought_v in_o a_o certain_a filthy_a place_n that_o serve_v as_o a_o dunghill_n in_o it_o be_v bury_v two_o criminal_n one_o of_o they_o a_o heretic_n another_o who_o for_o murder_v his_o uncle_n be_v sentence_v to_o be_v bury_v alive_a in_o that_o same_o place_n there_o be_v a_o spring_n which_o the_o heretic_n discolour_a with_o blood_n that_o the_o people_n may_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o miracle_n the_o fame_n hereof_o as_o be_v 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the_o miracle_n wrought_v in_o that_o dunghill_n be_v more_o certain_a than_o all_o the_o rest_n perform_v in_o the_o church_n by_o the_o body_n of_o saint_n hold_v in_o veneration_n by_o christian_n the_o neighbour_a bishop_n declare_v all_o those_o excommunicate_a who_o frequent_v that_o curse_a worship_n but_o their_o care_n be_v of_o no_o use_n for_o that_o the_o devil_n have_v full_a possession_n of_o many_o and_o have_v secure_v to_o himself_o the_o disobedient_a child_n a_o deacon_n who_o abhor_v the_o heresy_n hear_v at_o rome_n what_o happen_v at_o leon_n at_o which_o he_o be_v much_o concern_v and_o resolve_v to_o return_v speedy_o to_o his_o country_n to_o oppose_v that_o mighty_a evil._n be_v come_v to_o leon_n he_o inquire_v further_o into_o the_o business_n and_o begin_v passionate_o both_o in_o public_a and_o private_a to_o condemn_v so_o ill_a a_o thing_n reprove_v his_o townsman_n and_o affair_n accuse_v
they_o as_o favourer_n of_o heretic_n though_o his_o friend_n advise_v he_o to_o to_o be_v more_o moderate_a he_o can_v not_o restrain_v himself_o as_o believe_v the_o city_n be_v depart_v from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n he_o go_v to_o the_o common-council_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o accident_n be_v a_o affront_n to_o all_o spain_n that_o where_o former_o just_a law_n and_o constitution_n be_v enact_v as_o be_v the_o head_n of_o a_o kingdom_n there_o at_o present_a unheard_a of_o villainy_n and_o heresy_n be_v invent_v he_o add_v god_n will_v not_o give_v they_o rain_n to_o bless_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n till_o they_o have_v cast_v down_o that_o church_n and_o throw_v away_o those_o bone_n they_o worship_v for_o so_o it_o be_v that_o ever_o since_o that_o superstition_n begin_v which_o be_v now_o ten_o month_n it_o never_o rain_v and_o there_o be_v a_o dearth_n in_o the_o country_n the_o judge_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o assembly_n say_v to_o the_o deacon_n do_v you_o assure_v we_o that_o the_o church_n be_v cast_v down_o god_n will_v give_v we_o rain_v and_o water_n the_o country_n the_o deacon_n full_a of_o faith_n answer_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o demolish_v that_o house_n and_o i_o promise_v in_o the_o name_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n upon_o forfeiture_n of_o life_n faith_n and_o good_n that_o within_o eight_o day_n our_o lord_n will_v send_v the_o necessary_a rain_n in_o abundance_n the_o company_n give_v credit_n to_o his_o word_n he_o repair_v to_o the_o place_n with_o labourer_n appoint_v and_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n level_v the_o church_n and_o scatter_v the_o bone_n about_o the_o dunghill_n it_o happen_v to_o the_o great_a astonishment_n of_o they_o all_o that_o as_o the_o church_n be_v pull_v down_o among_o the_o timber_n be_v hear_v a_o noise_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o trumpet_n to_o show_v the_o devil_n forsake_v that_o place_n the_o next_o day_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o city_n be_v burn_v down_o for_o the_o wind_n be_v very_o high_a the_o fire_n can_v not_o soon_o be_v stop_v from_o spread_v far_o the_o multitude_n mutiny_v and_o run_v to_o find_v out_o the_o deacon_n with_o a_o design_n to_o murder_v he_o say_v that_o instead_o of_o rain_n he_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o great_a fire_n the_o heretic_n appear_v scoff_v at_o the_o clergy_n and_o say_v the_o deacon_n deserve_v death_n and_o that_o what_o he_o have_v promise_v will_v not_o come_v to_o pass_v but_o the_o almighty_a have_v mercy_n on_o his_o people_n for_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eight_o day_n appoint_v he_o send_v abundant_a rain_n so_o that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n recover_v and_o there_o be_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n that_o year_n the_o deacon_n encourage_v by_o this_o success_n go_v on_o prosecute_a the_o heretic_n till_o he_o oblige_v they_o to_o quit_v the_o city_n thus_o far_o be_v the_o word_n of_o this_o author_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o pestilential_a heresy_n spread_v expel_v in_o spain_n but_o it_o be_v great_a fury_n fall_v upon_o toulouze_n whence_o ensue_v great_a mischief_n and_o the_o unhappy_a death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o will_v uphold_v it_o as_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o sequel_n the_o sect_n of_o the_o albigenses_n grow_v formidable_a and_o daily_o gather_v strength_n not_o only_o by_o the_o number_n of_o the_o commonalty_n that_o adhere_v to_o it_o but_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o person_n of_o note_n that_o support_v it_o without_o regard_v the_o pope_n authority_n or_o their_o own_o reputation_n these_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n faux_n besier_n and_o cominge_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n support_v they_o because_o these_o city_n be_v feof_n depend_v on_o he_o as_o have_v be_v say_v albigenses_n before_o beside_o he_o be_v near_o ally_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n who_o three_o wife_n be_v the_o king_n of_o aragon_n sister_n and_o the_o earl_n son_n and_o heir_n who_o name_n as_o well_o as_o his_o father_n be_v raymund_n have_v take_v to_o wife_n another_o of_o the_o same_o king_n sister_n call_v sancha_n this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o his_o declare_v for_o the_o albigenses_n and_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o they_o otherwise_o he_o be_v a_o true_o catholic_n prince_n as_o may_v be_v infer_v by_o his_o deliver_v his_o son_n d._n jaime_n or_o james_n to_o simon_n earl_n of_o monfort_n to_o be_v breed_v up_o and_o instruct_v which_o simon_n be_v general_n of_o the_o catholic_n and_o a_o scourge_n to_o the_o heretic_n such_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o affair_n that_o it_o much_o trouble_v the_o catholic_n of_o france_n but_o above_o all_o the_o pope_n who_o apprehend_v lest_o that_o evil_a shall_v daily_o take_v a_o deep_a root_n and_o gather_v strength_n by_o so_o many_o favourer_n the_o more_o for_o that_o the_o multitude_n who_o love_v novelty_n be_v deceive_v by_o the_o sleight_n of_o those_o heretic_n easy_o forsake_v the_o faith_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o embrace_v those_o extravagent_n opinion_n some_o remedy_n be_v seek_v to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o grow_a evil._n mildness_n be_v think_v at_o first_o most_o expedient_a to_o try_v whether_o by_o the_o care_n of_o good_a teacher_n those_o that_o have_v stray_v may_v be_v bring_v back_o d._n james_n bishop_n of_o osma_n in_o his_o way_n to_o rome_n whither_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n go_v through_o that_o part_n of_o france_n and_o see_v the_o condition_n of_o affair_n and_o danger_n those_o town_n be_v in_o unless_o some_o speedy_a remedy_n be_v apply_v give_v a_o full_a account_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o whole_a mischief_n and_o where_o the_o great_a danger_n appear_v with_o he_o go_v the_o glorious_a father_n s._n dominick_n than_o a_o canon_n regular_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n augustin_n and_o afterward_o on_o this_o account_n founder_n of_o the_o order_n of_o preacher_n he_o be_v bear_v at_o calervega_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o osma_n of_o a_o noble_a family_n the_o pope_n understanding_n how_o the_o matter_n stand_v resolve_v to_o give_v heretic_n a_o check_n to_o that_o spread_a evil._n he_o dispatch_v the_o bishop_n and_o his_o companion_n with_o full_a commission_n to_o quench_v that_o flame_n he_o also_o appoint_v one_o of_o the_o cardinal_n his_o legate_n with_o ample_a power_n be_v come_v into_o france_n they_o choose_v 12_o abbot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n bernard_n to_o be_v their_o associate_n that_o be_v native_n they_o may_v by_o their_o preach_a and_o example_n bring_v back_o those_o that_o have_v go_v astray_o but_o whatever_o be_v gain_v by_o this_o mean_n many_o be_v convert_v from_o their_o error_n chief_o by_o the_o preach_a of_o s._n dominick_n and_o miracle_n he_o wrought_v in_o several_a part_n no_o less_o be_v the_o number_n of_o those_o pervert_v by_o the_o heretic_n for_o who_o can_v reduce_v a_o incense_a rabble_n to_o reason_n who_o can_v restore_v to_o their_o wit_n man_n lose_v and_o harden_v in_o error_n a_o limb_n that_o can_v be_v heal_v must_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o the_o safe_a method_n be_v in_o such_o case_n to_o use_v rigour_n in_o time_n this_o move_v the_o pope_n and_o catholic_n prince_n to_o alter_v their_o method_n and_o since_o no_o peaceable_a mean_n be_v of_o force_n to_o resolve_v upon_o war_n and_o open_a force_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n ii_o the_o death_n of_o peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o of_o alonso_z king_n of_o castille_n simon_n earl_n of_o monfort_n general_n of_o the_o catholic_n overthrow_v the_o heretic_n and_o take_v the_o town_n they_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o be_v now_o resolve_v to_o decide_v these_o matter_n of_o religion_n by_o arm_n a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n be_v assemble_v out_o of_o italy_n germany_n and_o france_n hope_v to_o gain_v the_o indulgence_n grant_v albigenses_n by_o the_o pope_n to_o such_o as_o take_v up_o the_o cross_n on_o such_o occasion_n these_o first_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o city_n besieres_fw-fr and_o in_o it_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n 7000_o of_o the_o mutineer_n this_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o people_n of_o carcassonne_n that_o they_o surrender_v the_o city_n to_o the_o catholic_n and_o the_o ringleader_n be_v punish_v these_o prosperous_a beginning_n encourage_v the_o catholic_n who_o want_v a_o general_n make_v choice_n of_o simon_n earl_n of_o montfort_n a_o town_n of_o note_n in_o the_o territory_n catholic_n of_o chartres_n as_o be_v a_o experience_a soldier_n and_o of_o know_a zeal_n for_o the_o catholic_n religion_n he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o that_o charge_v and_o gather_v his_o force_n gain_v from_o the_o heretic_n the_o castle_n of_o minerva_n the_o city_n
charge_n the_o king_n warn_v mancada_n to_o forbear_v violence_n and_o stand_v to_o judgement_n and_o he_o refuse_v invade_v his_o land_n so_o furious_o that_o he_o take_v from_o he_o 130_o tower_n and_o castle_n and_o the_o town_n of_o cervellon_n near_o barcelona_n the_o castle_n of_o moncada_n be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o william_n himself_o in_o it_o can_v not_o be_v so_o easy_o carry_v thus_o much_o in_o the_o year_n 1223._o 1223._o in_o which_o on_o the_o 15_o of_o july_n die_v philip_n king_n of_o france_n at_o medun_n his_o son_n luis_n viii_o husband_n portugal_n to_o blanch_n of_o castille_n and_o father_n to_o s._n luis_n succeed_v he_o the_o year_n follow_v alonso_z ii_o surname_v the_o fat_a king_n of_o portugal_n decease_v at_o coimbra_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o alcobaça_n near_o his_o wife_n d._n vrraca_n in_o a_o mean_a tomb_n as_o be_v use_v in_o those_o day_n he_o leave_v three_o son_n sancho_n surname_v capelo_n his_o successor_n alonso_z who_o marry_v maud_n countess_n of_o bologne_n in_o france_n and_o ferdinand_n lord_n of_o serpa_n who_o marry_v sancha_n the_o daughter_n of_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr lara_n he_o also_o leave_v one_o daughter_n call_v ellenor_n marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o dacia_n as_o the_o history_n of_o portugal_n say_v i_o will_v not_o dispute_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o chap._n vii_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n his_o great_a success_n against_o the_o moor_n king_n jaime_n of_o arragon_n seize_v by_o some_o rebellious_a noble_n make_v his_o escape_n and_o commence_v war_n against_o the_o rebel_n the_o tumult_n in_o castille_n be_v over_o king_n ferdinand_z grant_v a_o general_a pardon_n he_o choose_v the_o wise_a and_o most_o virtuous_a person_n to_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n moor_n to_o and_o be_v a_o mortal_a enemy_n to_o heretic_n for_o some_o of_o the_o albigenses_n have_v creep_v into_o spain_n these_o good_a quality_n have_v gain_v he_o the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o he_o to_o improve_v it_o resolve_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n the_o people_n of_o cuenca_n huete_fw-la moya_n and_o alarcon_n understand_v his_o design_n assemble_v together_o and_o enter_v the_o kingdom_n of_o valencia_n bring_v thence_o a_o rich_a booty_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o king_n march_v towards_o andaluzia_n and_o when_o he_o have_v pass_v sierra_n morena_n ambassador_n meet_v he_o from_o mahomet_n king_n of_o baeça_n offer_v to_o surrender_v the_o city_n and_o furnish_v provision_n and_o money_n have_v sign_v article_n the_o army_n move_v to_o quesada_n a_o town_n of_o note_n now_o in_o the_o government_n of_o caçorla_n at_o first_o the_o inhabitant_n rely_v on_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o wall_n defend_v themselves_o but_o the_o place_n be_v take_v by_o assault_n all_o that_o can_v bear_v arm_n put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 7000_o make_v slave_n this_o slaughter_n be_v a_o terror_n to_o other_o it_o be_v tedious_a to_o relate_v the_o particular_n of_o this_o expedition_n in_o short_a many_o town_n be_v abandon_v by_o the_o moor_n many_o expedition_n surrended_a of_o they_o some_o be_v destroy_v other_o garrison_v d._n lope_n de_fw-fr haro_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o military_a order_n attack_v a_o town_n call_v mivoras_n and_o take_v it_o notwithstanding_o it_o have_v a_o garrison_n of_o 1500_o arab_n whereof_o part_n be_v slay_v the_o rest_n flee_v thus_o the_o summer_n and_o autumn_n be_v spend_v and_o in_o november_n the_o season_n grow_v bad_a they_o return_v to_o toledo_n where_o the_o queen_n wait_v the_o come_n of_o the_o king_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1224._o some_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o public_a rejoice_v and_o thanksgiving_n after_o which_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o wether_n 1224._o will_v permit_v the_o king_n order_v the_o army_n to_o march_v towards_o cuenca_n design_v to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n of_o valenca_n zeit_n the_o king_n of_o that_o place_n terrify_v with_o his_o former_a loss_n come_v to_o cuenca_n submit_v himself_o to_o the_o will_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o arragonian_n pretend_v valencia_n fall_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o conquest_n send_v ambassador_n to_o complain_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o show_v their_o resolution_n make_v a_o inroad_n into_o castille_n by_o the_o way_n of_o soria_n new_a trouble_n arise_v in_o arragon_n they_o can_v not_o then_o push_v on_o that_o undertake_n william_n of_o arragon_n moncada_n peter_n ahones_n and_o ferdinand_n the_o king_n uncle_n have_v a_o consultation_n at_o tahuste_n where_o it_o be_v resolve_v to_o seize_v the_o king_n person_n on_o pretence_n of_o remove_v evil_a councillor_n but_o in_o reality_n to_o make_v their_o own_o advantage_n of_o he_o moncada_n be_v offend_v for_o the_o land_n he_o have_v lose_v ferdinand_n though_o a_o monk_n still_o aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o ahones_n can_v not_o bear_v to_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o government_n to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n they_o resolve_v to_o gain_v nuno_n son_n to_o prince_n sancho_n earl_n of_o russillon_n all_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v they_o go_v to_o arragon_n where_o the_o king_n be_v and_o come_v together_o upon_o he_o advise_v he_o to_o go_v to_o zaragoca_fw-mi there_o to_o settle_v the_o important_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n though_o he_o see_v into_o their_o drift_n be_v oblige_v to_o condescend_v they_o conduct_v he_o to_o his_o palace_n at_o zaragoça_n and_o place_v guard_n upon_o seize_v he_o that_o he_o may_v converse_v with_o nor_o write_v to_o no_o body_n william_n boy_n and_o peter_n sanchez_n martel_n be_v captain_n of_o this_o guard_n and_o for_o the_o great_a security_n lay_v at_o night_n by_o the_o king_n bedside_n in_o this_o manner_n they_o keep_v he_o 20_o day_n till_o he_o condescend_v to_o all_o their_o demand_n particular_o he_o cause_v all_o that_o have_v be_v take_v from_o william_n de_fw-fr moncada_n to_o be_v restore_v and_o promise_v to_o pay_v he_o 20000_o ducat_n for_o damage_n prince_n ferdinand_n still_o keep_v the_o government_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o the_o king_n have_v no_o hope_n of_o relief_n but_o in_o god_n in_o castille_n all_o thing_n succeed_v prosperous_o in_o the_o year_n 1225._o as_o soon_o as_o summer_n come_v on_o king_n ferdinand_n have_v 1225._o recruit_v his_o army_n enter_v andaluzia_n the_o king_n of_o baeça_n relieve_v they_o with_o provision_n castilian_n and_o receive_v they_o into_o the_o city_n andujar_n and_o martos_n be_v take_v the_o last_o be_v give_v to_o the_o knight_n of_o calatrava_n beside_o the_o town_n of_o jodar_n be_v gain_v and_o the_o army_n return_v home_o load_v with_o plunder_n the_o same_o be_v continue_v the_o follow_a year_n the_o affair_n of_o arragon_n begin_v to_o mend_v and_o the_o king_n depart_v from_o zaragoça_n towards_o tortosa_n a_o city_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o ebro_n he_o resolve_v to_o rid_v himself_o and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o that_o oppression_n and_o valencia_n therefore_o private_o make_v his_o escape_n to_o huerta_n a_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o knight_n templar_n thence_o he_o send_v circular_a letter_n to_o summon_v the_o nobility_n to_o the_o city_n teruel_n in_o order_n to_o invade_v valencia_n they_o look_v upon_o this_o as_o a_o childish_a heat_n yet_o some_o few_o arragonian_n and_o more_o catalonian_o come_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v with_o this_o small_a body_n he_o break_v in_o on_o that_o side_n where_o be_v before_o the_o ilergaones_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o peniscola_n a_o strong_a place_n on_o a_o rock_n opposite_a to_o majorca_n zeit_n the_o king_n be_v so_o terrify_v that_o he_o send_v to_o beg_v peace_n and_o agree_v to_o pay_v the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o valencia_n and_o murcia_n this_o do_v the_o arragonian_n return_v to_o tervel_n and_o thence_o to_o zaragoça_n by_o the_o way_n at_o a_o village_n call_v calamocha_n they_o meet_v d._n peter_n de_fw-fr ahones_n and_o his_o brother_n the_o bishop_n lead_v a_o party_n raise_v at_o their_o own_o cost_n to_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o valencia_n the_o king_n will_v not_o have_v he_o proceed_v because_o of_o the_o peace_n he_o have_v make_v with_o the_o moor_n but_o ahones_n excuse_v himself_o with_o the_o charge_n he_o have_v ahones_n be_v at_o in_o raise_v those_o men._n whereupon_o the_o king_n endeavour_v to_o have_v he_o apprehend_v he_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o soldier_n his_o death_n be_v so_o grievous_o resent_v that_o except_o calatayud_n which_o continue_v loyal_a to_o the_o king_n all_o the_o other_o city_n declare_v for_o his_o uncle_n ferdinand_n fair_a mean_n fail_v the_o war_n break_v out_o and_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o year_n 1226._o this_o 1226._o same_o year_n luis_n king_n of_o france_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o albigenses_n and_o have_v take_v avigron_n from_o they_o dismantle_v it_o
that_o they_o may_v have_v no_o shelter_n there_o he_o die_v in_o november_n follow_v at_o montpelier_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o moor_n in_o spain_n be_v now_o go_v to_o decay_v and_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v castilian_n sensible_a of_o it_o resolve_v to_o push_n on_o its_o ruin_n therefore_o he_o invade_v their_o territory_n take_v some_o small_a place_n and_o besiege_a jaen_n but_o can_v not_o take_v it_o because_o beside_o a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o infidel_n alvero_n perez_n de_fw-fr castro_n have_v renounce_v his_o country_n and_o allegiance_n be_v within_o with_o 160_o perfidious_a christian_n that_o follow_v he_o this_o alvero_n be_v son_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n who_o die_v at_o morocco_n thence_o the_o king_n remove_v to_o priego_n a_o town_n so_o strong_a that_o the_o moor_n have_v carry_v all_o their_o good_n thither_o for_o security_n yet_o it_o be_v take_v by_o assault_n and_o all_o within_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n except_o a_o few_o who_o retire_v to_o the_o castle_n and_o capitulate_v to_o march_v away_o next_o he_o sit_v down_o before_o loxa_n which_o be_v also_o take_v by_o storm_n as_o be_v the_o castle_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n slay_v and_o the_o wall_n demolish_v for_o a_o terror_n to_o other_o place_n this_o have_v so_o good_a effect_n that_o the_o people_n of_o alhambra_n a_o strong_a place_n not_o far_o from_o granada_n abandon_v it_o and_o flee_v to_o that_o city_n leave_v much_o provision_n and_o part_n of_o their_o good_n behind_o '_o they_o these_o people_n be_v assign_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o city_n to_o inhabit_v and_o from_o they_o it_o be_v call_v alhambra_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o from_o the_o red_a earth_n so_o name_v in_o arabic_a our_o force_n pursue_v then_o to_o the_o city_n destroy_v all_o the_o garden_n and_o orchard_n about_o it_o this_o boldness_n so_o terrify_v the_o town_n that_o they_o send_v to_o sue_v for_o peace_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o they_o set_v at_o liberty_n 1300_o 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requisite_a to_o use_v diligence_n lest_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o people_n shall_v alter_v for_o the_o moor_n be_v very_o inconstant_a therefore_o the_o prince_n set_v out_o after_o the_o ambassador_n without_o stay_v to_o consult_v his_o father_n at_o his_o arrival_n all_o place_n submit_v he_o put_v garrison_n into_o they_o particular_o into_o the_o castle_n of_o murcia_n revenue_n be_v assign_v all_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o moor_n only_o the_o city_n lorca_n former_o call_v eliocrota_n cartagena_n and_o mula_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o christian_n it_o be_v tedious_a to_o force_v they_o and_o prince_z alonso_z have_v not_o a_o sufficient_a power_n therefore_o he_o return_v with_o all_o speed_n towards_o his_o father_n who_o be_v recover_v be_v come_v as_o far_o as_o toledo_n and_o desire_v to_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o moor_n resolve_v to_o visit_v that_o new_a kingdom_n there_o be_v extant_a a_o grant_v sign_v by_o the_o king_n of_o murcia_n to_o the_o church_n 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to_o reduce_v the_o arragonian_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o see_v of_o toledo_n the_o prelate_n of_o that_o country_n in_o a_o provincial_a synod_n hold_v at_o valencia_n have_v decree_v that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n shall_v not_o have_v his_o cross_n carry_v before_o he_o in_o that_o province_n and_o interdict_a any_o town_n that_o shall_v permit_v he_o to_o do_v it_o d._n roderick_n happen_v to_o be_v there_o continue_v to_o have_v his_o cross_n carry_v as_o usual_a for_o which_o d._n peter_n de_fw-fr alvalete_fw-la the_o chief_a fomenter_n of_o that_o contention_n declare_v he_o excommunicate_v they_o have_v recourse_n to_o pope_n gregory_n ix_o who_o give_v judgement_n in_o favour_n of_o toledo_n yet_o the_o arragonian_n not_o submit_v d._n roderick_n now_o undertake_v this_o journey_n to_o secure_v his_o prerogative_n he_o die_v in_o france_n be_v upon_o his_o way_n home_o his_o body_n be_v bring_v into_o spain_n and_o bury_v at_o huerta_n a_o 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bunol_n there_o they_o meet_v on_o the_o fourteen_o of_o sept._n 1272_o and_o lay_v aside_o all_o former_a animosity_n conclude_v a_o league_n after_o the_o conference_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n go_v away_o to_o catalonia_n catalonia_n then_o in_o a_o uproar_v cause_v by_o the_o nobility_n armengaud_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n son_n to_o alvero_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n to_o who_o the_o king_n not_o long_o before_o have_v give_v the_o earldom_n of_o vrgel_n be_v the_o great_a incendiary_n the_o king_n besiege_v balaguer_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o that_o earldom_n and_o in_o it_o take_v armengaud_n himself_o and_o his_o uncle_n roger_n bernard_n and_o some_o other_o lord_n who_o he_o long_o keep_v prisoner_n especial_o the_o earl_n of_o faux_n who_o have_v rebel_v several_a time_n thus_o the_o trouble_n of_o catalonia_n end_v prince_n sancho_n of_o castille_n go_v to_o badajoz_n whither_o his_o father_n be_v go_v from_o sevil_n to_o endeavour_v to_o make_v peace_n between_o his_o grandson_n 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be_v then_o prepare_v to_o besiege_v albarazin_n be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o bear_v with_o the_o insolence_n of_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n therefore_o king_n sancho_n because_o he_o can_v not_o go_v in_o person_n send_v a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n against_o that_o common_a enemy_n this_o do_v he_o go_v away_o for_o sevil_n because_o prince_n john_n his_o brother_n endeavour_v to_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o city_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o father_n last_o will_n but_o the_o citizen_n oppose_v he_o and_o be_v head_v by_o d._n alvar_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n these_o dispute_v cease_v upon_o the_o come_n of_o the_o new_a king_n who_o cause_v his_o brother_n to_o desist_v to_o this_o city_n come_v ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o morocco_n to_o settle_v peace_n but_o be_v send_v away_o with_o scorn_n which_o provoke_v the_o moor_n to_o invade_v spain_n again_o king_n sancho_n to_o oppose_v they_o provide_v a_o 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france_n expect_v he_o his_o chief_a business_n be_v to_o procure_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o king_n be_v two_o nephew_n and_o persuade_v king_n sancho_n not_o to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n the_o king_n answer_n in_o public_a be_v that_o he_o will_v send_v ambassador_n to_o adjust_a all_o thing_n in_o france_n and_o private_o he_o declare_v himself_o much_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o friend_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n lay_v siege_n to_o tudela_n in_o navarre_n by_o that_o mean_n to_o divert_v the_o french_a who_o design_v to_o pass_v into_o arragon_n through_o russillon_n that_o city_n be_v brave_o defend_v by_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o lose_v albarazin_n and_o be_v more_o successful_a in_o the_o affair_n of_o other_o than_o his_o own_o all_o the_o country_n about_o be_v waste_v and_o the_o frontier_n town_n of_o arragon_n strong_o garrison_v to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n this_o do_v 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exaction_n the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v equal_o please_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o grievous_a to_o he_o of_o france_n to_o divert_v his_o melancholy_n by_o offend_v his_o enemy_n he_o make_v great_a levy_n his_o land_n army_n amount_v to_o 20000_o horse_n and_o 80000_o foot_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o provide_v a_o fleet_n of_o 120_o sail_n between_o great_a ship_n galley_n and_o other_o small_a vessel_n he_o resolve_v to_o go_v in_o person_n to_o this_o expedition_n and_o with_o he_o philip_n and_o charles_n his_o son_n and_o jayme_n king_n of_o majorca_n who_o follow_v the_o french_a be_v high_o offend_v at_o the_o aragonian_a he_o brother_n with_o they_o also_o be_v cardinal_n gervasius_n send_v by_o pope_n martin_n the_o four_o as_o his_o legate_n that_o pope_n die_v at_o perosa_fw-la on_o the_o 29_o of_o march_n honorius_n the_o ivth_o a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n of_o the_o family_n sabela_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o place_n and_o take_v 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the_o river_n guadalete_fw-la rather_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o flight_n than_o a_o retreat_n one_o ask_v of_o the_o moorish_a king_n the_o reason_n why_o he_o show_v so_o much_o 〈◊〉_d and_o he_o answer_v i_o be_o the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o family_n of_o bar-ameda_a to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n my_o enemy_n be_v descend_v from_o above_o 40_o king_n which_o in_o battle_n will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a terror_n to_o i_o and_o a_o mighty_a encouragement_n to_o he_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o good_a opportunity_n to_o pursue_v the_o infidel_n but_o king_n sancho_n be_v for_o the_o safe_a rather_o than_o dangerous_a counsel_n therefore_o have_v repair_v and_o revictual_v xerez_n he_o return_v 〈◊〉_d notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n mutter_v they_o lose_v a_o great_a opportunity_n of_o destroy_v â—â—_o enemy_n ambassador_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n and_o at_o last_o they_o have_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o guadalquivir_n other_o say_v at_o râ—â—aserrada_n there_o 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march_n go_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ambush_n be_v lay_v with_o only_o 300_o horse_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n the_o party_n meet_v and_o there_o ensue_v a_o desperate_a fight_n the_o arragonian_n be_v the_o great_a number_n but_o the_o french_a make_v the_o 〈…〉_z bravery_n and_o dexterity_n the_o king_n do_v all_o that_o can_v be_v expect_v of_o a_o wise_a commandeâ—_n and_o resolute_a soldier_n he_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o head_n and_o endeavour_v then_o to_o get_v off_o a_o 〈◊〉_d man_n seize_v his_o horse_n reins_o and_o have_v take_v he_o have_v he_o not_o with_o his_o sword_n cut_v the_o râ—ins_n and_o flee_v this_o write_v villancus_fw-la who_o give_v occasion_n to_o other_o to_o commit_v the_o same_o error_n for_o all_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o arragon_n affirm_v the_o king_n come_v off_o without_o hurt_n that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o stain_n be_v 〈◊〉_d both_o side_n though_o the_o french_a be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n thus_o 〈…〉_z author_n to_o vary_v the_o season_n be_v very_o hot_a bring_v the_o plague_n into_o the_o 〈…〉_z camp_n and_o yet_o the_o besiege_a hearing_n of_o this_o defeat_n and_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o relief_n 〈…〉_z condition_n they_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o depart_v whither_o they_o french_a please_v and_o to_o take_v 〈…〉_z as_o much_o of_o their_o good_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o carry_v much_o cruelty_n be_v use_v 〈◊〉_d they_o that_o surrender_v and_o even_o the_o church_n be_v profane_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o s._n narcissus_n who_o be_v patrâ—â—_n of_o that_o city_n and_o theâ—_n reverence_v with_o singular_a devotion_n be_v spoil_v of_o all_o the_o riches_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o carry_v away_o the_o plague_n increase_v which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o judgement_n for_o that_o sacrilege_n and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o french_a resolve_v
the_o country_n want_v of_o provision_n and_o the_o resolution_n of_o that_o people_n some_o hope_n there_o have_v be_v of_o gain_v d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n brother_n to_o d._n lope_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o ruy_n perez_n ponce_n master_n of_o calatrava_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n be_v partly_o offer_v he_o but_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o retire_v into_o arragon_n resolve_v to_o stand_v by_o his_o nephew_n all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v for_o a_o rupture_n when_o d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n son_n to_o d._n lope_n die_v very_o fortunate_o for_o king_n sancho_n his_o death_n cause_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o follower_n to_o cool_v and_o all_o biscay_n which_o till_o then_o hold_v out_o to_o submit_v to_o the_o valour_n of_o james_n lopez_n de_fw-fr salzedo_n a_o man_n in_o great_a esteem_n to_o who_o that_o affair_n be_v commit_v king_n sancho_n have_v settle_v biscay_n and_o put_v off_o the_o interview_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n leave_v his_o brother_n prince_n john_n prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o burgos_n whence_o he_o be_v remove_v to_o curiel_n and_o he_o himself_o be_v perplex_v in_o mind_n about_o the_o war_n with_o arragon_n go_v to_o sabugal_n a_o town_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o portugal_n there_o he_o conclude_v a_o league_n with_o that_o king_n against_o the_o arragonian_n and_o the_o outlaw_n of_o castille_n who_o prepare_v for_o war_n under_o colour_n of_o restore_v arragon_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o his_o grand-father_n kingdom_n these_o thing_n conclude_v king_n sancho_n march_v with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v gather_v to_o meet_v the_o arragonian_n at_o almaçan_n the_o two_o army_n meet_v in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n 1289_o but_o nothing_o remarkable_a be_v do_v only_o moron_n be_v take_v by_o the_o arragonian_n and_o almaçan_a besiege_a on_o the_o other_o side_n king_n sancho_n enter_v the_o frontier_n of_o arragon_n destroy_v all_o the_o open_a country_n and_o burn_v many_o to_n d._n james_n lopez_n de_fw-fr haro_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n waste_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o cuenca_n and_o huete_fw-la and_o defeat_v a_o party_n of_o the_o enemy_n near_o pajaron_n kill_v redorick_n de_fw-fr sotomayor_n commander_n of_o the_o castilian_n d._n james_n send_v the_o colour_n take_v to_o the_o city_n tiruel_a one_o misfortune_n still_o follow_v upon_o the_o neck_n of_o another_o and_o the_o innocent_a people_n suffer_v for_o these_o quarrel_n of_o the_o great_a one_o most_o city_n side_v with_o king_n sancho_n but_o at_o badajoz_n there_o happen_v a_o great_a tumult_n that_o city_n of_o old_a be_v divide_v into_o two_o faction_n badajoz_n the_o bejarani_n and_o the_o portuguese_n the_o bejarani_n be_v expel_v the_o city_n by_o their_o enemy_n apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n for_o redress_v he_o order_v they_o shall_v be_v restore_v but_o the_o portuguese_n obey_v not_o hereupon_o the_o bejarani_n have_v gather_v a_o good_a force_n kill_v many_o of_o their_o adversary_n and_o force_v the_o rest_n to_o quit_v the_o place_n this_o do_v they_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o city_n and_o proclaim_v d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n king_n king_n sancho_n high_o offend_v hereat_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o town_n which_o present_o surrender_v have_v article_v only_o for_o life_n contrary_n to_o agreement_n 4000_o man_n and_o woman_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n the_o same_o happen_v to_o talavera_n a_o considerable_a town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toldo_n upon_o the_o same_o account_n 400_o of_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n be_v public_o quarter_v at_o the_o gate_n which_o for_o that_o reason_n be_v ever_o since_o call_v the_o gate_n of_o quarter_n this_o the_o inhabitant_n 1290_o have_v by_o tradition_n though_o no_o author_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o these_o two_o town_n serve_v for_o castille_n a_o example_n to_o all_o other_o the_o follow_a year_n 1290_o it_o be_v again_o agree_v the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o castille_n shall_v meet_v they_o both_z according_o come_v on_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o bayonne_n the_o chief_a point_n agree_v upon_o at_o this_o interview_n be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v desist_v give_v any_o far_a protection_n to_o the_o two_o prince_n of_o castille_n that_o he_o shall_v renounce_v all_o claim_n and_o title_n to_o that_o crown_n as_o great_a grandson_n to_o queen_n blanch._n and_o that_o both_o king_n shall_v make_v war_n upon_o arragon_n at_o the_o same_o time_n tolosa_n segura_n and_o villafranca_n which_o begin_v to_o be_v rebuilt_a in_o biscay_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alonso_n be_v now_o finish_v by_o king_n sancho_n as_o appear_v by_o public_a instrument_n sign_v at_o vitoria_n and_o valladolid_n whither_o the_o king_n go_v from_o bayonne_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n find_v himself_o too_o weak_a to_o make_v head_n against_o france_n castille_n and_o italy_n incline_v to_o peace_n notwithstanding_o charles_n king_n of_o naples_n do_v not_o perform_v his_o promise_n at_o which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o have_v procure_v his_o liberty_n be_v high_o offend_v all_o party_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o pope_n lay_v their_o case_n before_o he_o he_o answer_v he_o will_v send_v legate_n who_o have_v hear_v they_o all_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v these_o difference_n benedict_n colona_n and_o gerard_n de_fw-fr parma_n two_o cardinal_n be_v send_v into_o france_n to_o this_o purpose_n mean_a while_n charles_n king_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n upon_o security_n give_v on_o both_o side_n meet_v at_o junquera_n a_o town_n in_o catalonia_n there_o they_o conclude_v a_o truce_n for_o some_o month_n whilst_o the_o cardinal_n can_v settle_v a_o peace_n which_o both_o earnest_o desire_v king_n charles_n that_o he_o may_v recover_v sicily_n and_o the_o aragonian_a to_o take_v off_o that_o long_o interdict_v under_o which_o his_o kingdom_n lay_v and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n with_o france_n that_o he_o may_v be_v at_o leisure_n to_o bend_v his_o force_n against_o castille_n chap._n ix_o the_o revolt_n of_o d._n john_n nunnez_fw-fr de_fw-fr lara_n the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n his_o brother_n jâ—â—me_n succeed_v he_o match_n betwixt_o the_o three_o king_n of_o spain_n defeat_v of_o the_o moor_n at_o sea_n original_a of_o the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n begin_v again_o to_o incline_v to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o arragonian_n either_o out_o of_o his_o natural_a inconstancy_n or_o because_o some_o overture_n be_v make_v of_o restore_a castille_n albarazin_n to_o he_o king_n sancho_n understanding_n of_o what_o consequence_n his_o stay_n or_o departure_n may_v be_v do_v all_o he_o can_v to_o oblige_v he_o and_o therefore_o make_v he_o general_n of_o the_o frontier_n of_o arragon_n and_o bestow_v other_o favour_n upon_o he_o all_o prove_v ineffectual_a and_o the_o more_o for_o that_o at_o burgos_n where_o the_o court_n then_o be_v letter_n be_v bring_v he_o intimate_v some_o design_n against_o his_o person_n whether_o true_a or_o false_a be_v not_o know_v d._n john_n who_o be_v natural_o jealous_a give_v credit_n to_o those_o letter_n and_o withdraw_v from_o court_n go_v away_o nasty_o through_o navarre_n to_o arragon_n notwithstanding_o the_o queen_n use_v mean_n to_o stop_v he_o and_o the_o king_n himself_o go_v after_o he_o as_o far_o as_o valladolid_n as_o soon_o as_o d._n john_n have_v join_v the_o other_o conspirator_n he_o enter_v castille_n and_o do_v all_o the_o harm_n he_o can_v as_o far_o as_o cuenca_n and_o alarcon_n a_o body_n of_o king_n sancho_n force_n come_v to_o oppose_v he_o be_v defeat_v and_o many_o colour_n take_v after_o which_o he_o force_v the_o town_n of_o moya_n and_o return_v to_o valencia_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n and_o cattle_n from_o thence_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n make_v a_o incursion_n by_o the_o way_n of_o molina_n signença_n berlanga_n and_o almaçan_n and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n without_o meet_v any_o opposition_n king_n sancho_n endeavour_v to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o mischief_n but_o a_o ague_n keep_v he_o in_o such_o a_o condition_n he_o can_v neither_o act_n nor_o give_v the_o necessary_a order_n insomuch_o that_o he_o be_v give_v over_o by_o the_o doctor_n the_o queen_n who_o be_v late_o deliver_v of_o a_o prince_n call_v peter_n though_o not_o perfect_o recover_v set_v out_o to_o see_v the_o king_n her_o presence_n be_v comfortable_a to_o he_o and_o produce_v good_a effect_n she_o reduce_v d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o now_o repent_v his_o change_n be_v disappoint_v of_o recover_v albarazin_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o elizabeth_n daughter_n to_o the_o lady_n blanch_n and_o the_o queen_n brother_n
affair_n 1305._o in_o castille_n in_o the_o year_n 1305._o on_o the_o 17_o of_o january_n die_v roger_n lauria_fw-la the_o famous_a admiral_n of_o arragon_n who_o gain_v sicily_n for_o king_n peter_n perform_v many_o brave_a exploit_n by_o himself_o admiral_n and_o those_o king_n do_v none_o without_o he_o his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o santa_n cruz_n near_o unto_o the_o tomâ—_n of_o king_n peter_n on_o the_o 6_o of_o april_n die_v joanna_n queen_n of_o navarre_n at_z paris_z and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n francis_n luis_n call_v huttin_n succeed_v his_o mother_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o afterward_o his_o father_n in_o that_o of_o france_n the_o queen_n leave_v two_o other_o son_n philip_n the_o long_a and_o charles_n the_o fair_a who_o all_o come_v to_o be_v king_n of_o france_n and_o navarre_n she_o leave_v also_o two_o daughter_n one_o die_v young_a the_o other_o call_v elizabeth_n be_v marry_v to_o edward_n king_n of_o england_n and_o be_v the_o beautiful_a lady_n of_o her_o time_n benedict_n sit_v in_o the_o papal_a chair_n but_o 8_o month_n and_o 6_o day_n and_o he_o die_v it_o be_v vacant_a 10_o month_n and_o 28_o day_n after_o long_a debate_n betwixt_o the_o french_a and_o italian_a cardinal_n clement_n the_o vth._n be_v choose_v and_o proclaim_v on_o the_o 5_o of_o june_n he_o be_v before_o archbishop_n of_o bourdeaux_n pope_n and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v promise_v many_o scandalous_a thing_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n before_o he_o will_v permit_v he_o to_o pass_v towards_o rome_n he_o be_v crown_v on_o the_o 11_o of_o november_n at_o which_o time_n a_o wall_n fall_v as_o the_o procession_n be_v go_v do_v much_o mischief_n and_o strike_v the_o tiara_n off_o his_o head_n out_o of_o which_o a_o great_a carbuncle_n be_v lose_v which_o thing_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o ill_a omen_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o life_n be_v not_o unlike_a to_o this_o beginning_n but_o those_o thing_n do_v not_o belong_v to_o this_o history_n at_o the_o same_o time_n trouble_n begin_v again_o to_o break_v out_o in_o spain_n d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n decline_v in_o the_o king_n favour_n who_o take_v from_o he_o the_o office_n of_o lord_n steward_n and_o confer_v it_o on_o d._n lope_n son_n to_o d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n on_o pretence_n that_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v general_n of_o the_o frontier_n can_v not_o serve_v both_o place_n but_o in_o reality_n to_o oblige_v the_o family_n of_o haro_n and_o divide_v it_o from_o that_o of_o lara_n those_o family_n understand_v the_o design_n knit_v their_o interest_n the_o close_o together_o and_o seem_v to_o threaten_v a_o rebellion_n alonso_z perez_n de_fw-fr guzman_n and_o the_o queen_n interpose_v and_o restore_v each_o of_o those_o gentleman_n their_o honour_n pacify_v they_o beside_o the_o dispute_n betwixt_o prince_n john_n and_o the_o house_n of_o haro_n be_v reconcile_v upon_o these_o condition_n that_o d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n during_o his_o life_n shall_v possess_v the_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n and_o after_o his_o death_n it_o shall_v fall_v to_o prince_n john_n that_o orduna_n reconcile_v and_o balmaseda_n shall_v be_v entail_v â—â—on_n d._n john_n d._n james_n his_o son_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o what_o he_o be_v to_o lose_v miranda_n de_fw-fr ebro_n and_o villalva_n de_fw-fr losa_n be_v give_v he_o all_o man_n rejoice_v to_o see_v these_o difference_n compose_v except_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o in_o a_o rage_n that_o he_o have_v not_o be_v consult_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n and_o study_v to_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o the_o public_a calamity_n renounce_v his_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n withdraw_v with_o his_o follower_n to_o tordehumos_n a_o strong_a pâ—ace_n where_o he_o hope_v to_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o king_n who_o he_o have_v heinous_o offend_v the_o king_n force_n lay_v siege_n to_o that_o place_n but_o many_o favour_a d._n john_n it_o be_v protract_v to_o a_o long_a time_n some_o overture_n of_o accommodation_n be_v make_v and_o because_o the_o king_n will_v not_o harken_v to_o they_o his_o army_n break_v up_o of_o itself_o and_o disband_v among_o other_o prince_z john_n favour_v d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n and_o the_o business_n be_v carry_v to_o such_o a_o beight_n that_o the_o king_n be_v force_v to_o pardon_v he_o only_o take_v from_o he_o the_o town_n of_o moya_n and_o canete_n the_o gift_n of_o king_n sancho_n nor_o be_v the_o peace_n last_v for_o both_o those_o gentleman_n imagine_v the_o king_n have_v a_o design_n to_o take_v away_o their_o life_n open_o rebel_v again_o prince_n john_n be_v soon_o appease_v but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o reduce_v d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n forsake_v of_o all_o man_n and_o see_v no_o hope_n of_o obtain_v the_o crown_n send_v martin_n ruiz_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o town_n assign_v he_o by_o the_o arbitrator_n and_o be_v ever_o after_o call_v d._n alonso_n the_o disinherit_v the_o moor_n of_o granada_n about_o this_o time_n begin_v to_o mutiny_n for_o that_o their_o king_n be_v blind_a moor_n and_o his_o brother-in-law_n the_o lord_n of_o malaga_n govern_v the_o state_n with_o the_o same_o grandeur_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v another_o king_n the_o nobility_n be_v not_o want_v to_o incense_v the_o commons_o among_o they_o aborrabe_n a_o gentleman_n descend_v from_o the_o king_n of_o morocco_n seize_v almeria_n and_o call_v himself_o king_n of_o that_o place_n most_o of_o the_o people_n favour_v mahomet_n azar_n the_o king_n brother_n and_o be_v for_o put_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n aborrabe_n be_v expel_v almeria_n by_o the_o contrary_a faction_n and_o he_o design_v to_o seize_v upon_o ceuta_n a_o city_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n think_v to_o obtain_v aid_n of_o the_o christian_n this_o seem_v a_o good_a opportunity_n to_o drive_v the_o moor_n quite_o out_o of_o spain_n and_o in_o order_n to_o it_o the_o two_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n meet_v at_o the_o monastery_n of_o huerta_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o both_o kingdom_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1309._o there_o and_o at_o monreal_n whither_o they_o remove_v it_o 1309_o be_v agree_v first_o to_o pacify_v d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n somewhat_o mollify_a the_o decree_n of_o the_o moor_n arbitrator_n lest_o whilst_o they_o be_v busy_a in_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n he_o shall_v raise_v tumult_n in_o castille_n next_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o moor_n with_o two_o army_n and_o at_o once_o besiege_v almeria_n and_o algezira_n beside_o it_o be_v resolve_v prince_n jayme_n the_o king_n of_o aragon_n son_n shall_v marry_v ellenor_n the_o sister_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n her_o dower_n to_o be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o what_o be_v gain_v in_o war_n and_o particular_o the_o city_n almeria_n after_o the_o interview_n break_v up_o great_a preparation_n be_v make_v king_n ferdinand_n go_v away_o to_o toledo_n to_o see_v the_o body_n of_o his_o father_n king_n sancho_n translate_v to_o a_o stately_a tomb_n build_v by_o the_o queen_n this_o king_n be_v natural_o mere_a and_o merciful_a and_o of_o body_n comely_a and_o well_o shape_v he_o advise_v a_o gentleman_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v the_o government_n of_o galicia_n not_o to_o put_v to_o death_n some_o man_n of_o note_n that_o have_v raise_v rebellion_n in_o that_o country_n but_o to_o send_v they_o to_o he_o which_o prove_v very_o advantageous_a for_o they_o to_o blot_v out_o the_o shame_n of_o their_o crime_n do_v extraordinary_a service_n against_o the_o moor_n the_o army_n march_v into_o andaluzia_n and_o the_o castilian_n lay_v siege_n to_o algezira_n on_o the_o 27_o of_o june_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o next_o month_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n set_v down_o before_o almeria_n take_v gilbert_n viscoune_n 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share_n in_o the_o government_n chief_a d._n alonso_n lord_n of_o molina_n the_o queen_n brother_n prince_z philip_z his_o uncle_n and_o d._n john_n manuel_n labour_v hard_a but_o underhand_o and_o modest_o prince_n john_n and_o prince_n peter_n uncle_n and_o nephew_n aspire_v more_o open_o prince_n peter_n be_v the_o near_a of_o dies_fw-la kin_n to_o the_o king_n and_o most_o in_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n stand_v fair_o prince_n john_n be_v of_o ripe_a yea_o but_o restless_a and_o inconstant_a so_o that_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v bear_v only_o to_o embroil_v kingdom_n prince_n peter_n have_v charge_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o andaluzia_n and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o moor_n which_o be_v convenient_a for_o both_o party_n for_o the_o prince_n can_v not_o follow_v the_o war_n be_v take_v up_o with_o his_o pretension_n at_o court_n and_o among_o the_o moor_n farraquin_n lord_n of_o malaga_n seek_v to_o revenge_v the_o murder_n of_o the_o late_a king_n queen_n constance_n 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agree_v the_o king_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o none_o but_o such_o as_o the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n shall_v appoint_v and_o the_o citizen_n of_o avila_n make_v a_o association_n in_o order_n to_o see_v this_o perform_v d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n give_v this_o advice_n hope_v to_o exclude_v prince_n peter_n the_o cortes_n meet_v at_o palencia_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o spring_n where_o much_o bribery_n be_v use_v the_o better_a sort_n be_v for_o queen_n mary_n and_o her_o son_n prince_n peter_n other_o prefer_v prince_n john_n and_o queen_n constance_n who_o be_v subtle_o draw_v away_o by_o the_o adverse_a party_n from_o prince_n peter_n hence_o spring_v new_a fumult_n and_o confusion_n prince_n peter_n confide_v in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n as_o also_o hope_v for_o aid_n from_o abroad_o agree_v with_o d._n john_n manuel_n upon_o condition_n that_o if_o he_o obtain_v his_o end_n he_o will_v give_v he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o 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king_n to_o retire_v to_o the_o alhambra_n a_o strong_a palace_n in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n because_o ishmael_n the_o son_n of_o farraquin_n have_v cause_v the_o townsman_n to_o rebel_n against_o he_o prince_n peter_n who_o be_v then_o at_o sevil_n march_v thither_o to_o relieve_v that_o king_n who_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o ally_n but_o come_v too_o late_o for_o he_o have_v already_o agree_v to_o quit_v the_o fitle_n and_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n and_o remain_v content_a with_o only_a the_o city_n guadin_n seat_v in_o the_o pleasant_a plain_n of_o the_o ancient_a turduli_n though_o the_o prince_n can_v not_o relieve_v he_o endeavour_v to_o revenge_v he_o for_o he_o take_v from_o the_o moor_n a_o strong_a castle_n near_o granada_n call_v rute_n and_o make_v great_a spoil_n throughout_o the_o country_n azor_n have_v reign_v four_o year_n and_o seven_o month_n when_o he_o be_v depose_v ishmael_n his_o competitor_n and_o nephew_n be_v the_o son_n of_o farraquen_n and_o his_o sister_n succeed_v he_o the_o take_n of_o rute_n gain_v prince_n peter_n great_a reputation_n for_o that_o in_o three_o day_n he_o do_v that_o which_o several_a king_n have_v attempt_v in_o vain_a but_o the_o war_n be_v not_o carry_v on_o because_o of_o the_o intestine_a division_n the_o cortes_n meet_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o sahagun_n to_o endeavour_v to_o compose_v those_o difference_n whilst_o they_o be_v sit_v queen_n constance_z depart_v this_o life_n for_o grief_n that_o her_o son_n be_v keep_v from_o she_o and_o that_o she_o be_v reduce_v to_o such_o poverty_n that_o all_o her_o jewel_n will_v not_o pay_v her_o debt_n as_o she_o herself_o declare_v at_o her_o death_n the_o queen_n death_n make_v thing_n easy_a to_o be_v compose_v for_o prince_n john_n have_v lose_v that_o support_n apply_v himself_o to_o queen_n mary_n and_o prince_n peter_n they_o agree_v that_o the_o queen_n shall_v have_v the_o breed_n up_o of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n shall_v joint_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n each_o in_o that_o part_n which_o have_v voted_n for_o he_o in_o the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n hold_v not_o long_o before_o at_o palencia_n the_o king_n be_v carry_v to_o toro_n a_o healthy_a and_o pleasant_a place_n but_o the_o main_a design_n be_v to_o get_v he_o out_o of_o avila_n and_o revenge_v the_o affront_v receive_v of_o that_o people_n it_o be_v now_o the_o year_n 1314._o when_o new_a tumult_n break_v out_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o crime_n be_v commit_v 1314._o in_o order_n to_o settle_v a_o better_a form_n of_o government_n the_o cortes_n meet_v at_o burgos_n where_o castille_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o supreme_a authority_n and_o management_n of_o affair_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o council_n of_o state_n that_o the_o say_a council_n shall_v attend_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n wherever_o they_o go_v that_o the_o two_o prince_n shall_v determine_v all_o small_a affair_n but_o have_v no_o power_n to_o alienate_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n nor_o to_o appoint_v another_o in_o their_o stead_n in_o case_n any_o of_o they_o or_o the_o queen_n shall_v die_v at_o the_o same_o time_n die_v three_o person_n of_o great_a note_n peter_n the_o queen_n brother_n d._n tello_n his_o son_n and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n lord_n steward_n that_o place_n be_v give_v to_o d._n alonso_n prince_n john_n son_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n have_v a_o sister_n marry_v to_o d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n of_o who_o be_v bear_v blach_n and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o take_v that_o surname_n because_o he_o inherit_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o family_n this_o in_o castille_n in_o arragon_n the_o king_n in_o november_n send_v his_o daughter_n elizabeth_n to_o germany_n she_o be_v contract_v to_o frederick_n duke_n of_o austria_n who_o be_v now_o choose_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n
gentleman_n of_o great_a note_n who_o have_v be_v governor_n of_o granada_n and_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o this_o treason_n set_v up_o joseph_n bulhugia_n brother_n to_o the_o decease_a which_o displease_v many_o because_o there_o be_v another_o brother_n elder_a than_o he_o call_v ferrachen_n thus_o the_o moor_n be_v in_o confusion_n d._n gonçalo_n and_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n two_o brother_n lord_n of_o montilla_n and_o aguilar_n go_v over_o to_o the_o new_a king_n be_v disoblige_v by_o their_o own_o incursion_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o border_n and_o the_o truce_n late_o conclude_v violate_v more_o mischief_n have_v ensue_v but_o that_o abomelique_n be_v call_v into_o africa_n by_o his_o father_n to_o serve_v against_o tremeçen_n he_o be_v go_v a_o truce_n be_v again_o conclude_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1334._o with_o the_o new_a 1334_o king_n for_o four_o year_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o moor_n be_v free_v from_o the_o tribute_n they_o use_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n be_v whole_o bend_v upon_o subdue_a his_o rebel_n at_o this_o time_n the_o lady_n ellenor_n de_fw-fr guzman_n the_o king_n mistress_n be_v bring_v to_o bed_n of_o two_o son_n at_o a_o birth_n which_o be_v henry_n and_o fredrick_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v have_v much_o occasion_n to_o speak_v in_o the_o spring_n the_o king_n return_v to_o castille_n be_v at_o segovia_n and_o thence_o go_v to_o valladolid_n the_o rebellious_a noble_n not_o be_v able_a to_o castille_n maintain_v a_o war_n be_v hard_o press_v and_o most_o of_o the_o town_n belong_v to_o they_o take_v the_o great_a part_n of_o biscay_n submit_v to_o the_o king_n to_o who_o they_o swear_v fidelity_n under_o a_o old_a tree_n at_o guernica_n as_o be_v their_o custom_n some_o few_o place_n impregnable_a by_o nature_n still_o hold_v out_o for_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr haro_n be_v behead_v as_o a_o traitor_n in_o his_o own_o town_n of_o agoncillo_n and_o his_o estate_n confiscate_v except_o the_o town_n of_o cameros_n give_v to_o his_o brother_n d._n alvero_n and_o d._n alonso_n that_o so_o noble_a a_o family_n may_v not_o whole_o perish_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o iscar_fw-la shut_v the_o gate_n against_o the_o king_n and_o be_v take_v lose_v his_o head_n for_o the_o same_o about_o the_o end_n of_o august_n the_o queen_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n at_o burgos_n who_o be_v call_v peter_n and_o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n die_v come_v to_o be_v king_n of_o castille_n by_o the_o lady_n ellenor_n the_o king_n have_v another_o son_n call_v ferdinand_n in_o arragon_n two_o brother_n of_o that_o king_n die_v one_o after_o another_o one_o be_v d._n jayme_n master_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o montesa_n who_o have_v renounce_v his_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o d._n john_n archbishop_n of_o tarragona_n in_o who_o place_n arnaldus_n cascome_v bishop_n of_o lerida_n succeed_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o indisposition_n commit_v the_o whole_a care_n of_o the_o government_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n prince_n peter_n queen_n ellenor_n who_o govern_v the_o king_n through_o her_o importunity_n obtain_v of_o he_o several_a town_n for_o her_o son_n ferdinand_n and_o john_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o prince_n peter_n and_o as_o be_v say_v contrary_a to_o the_o king_n oath_n who_o have_v swear_v not_o to_o alienate_v any_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o great_a hatred_n betwixt_o the_o mother_n and_o son-in-law_n which_o cause_v many_o tumult_n in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o queen_n have_v a_o meeting_n with_o her_o brother_n of_o castille_n and_o he_o promise_v to_o support_v she_o as_o do_v d._n john_n de_fw-fr exerica_n and_o his_o brother_n peter_n who_o be_v both_o of_o her_o party_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o year_n 1335_o d._n john_n manuel_n terrify_v by_o the_o example_n of_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr haro_n 1335_o and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n to_o the_o great_a joy_n of_o all_o people_n for_o variance_n which_o there_o be_v public_a sport_n and_o particular_o a_o notable_a tournament_n but_o this_o joy_n be_v not_o lasting_a for_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v resolve_v to_o put_v away_o his_o wife_n blanch_n and_o marry_v the_o lady_n constance_n and_o ratheâ—_n hazard_v a_o war_n than_o not_o have_v his_o will._n the_o king_n of_o aragon_n elder_a son_n be_v contract_v to_o mary_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n she_o â—eing_v prefer_v before_o her_o sister_n joanna_n the_o elder_a to_o inherit_v the_o crown_n in_o case_n that_o king_n die_v without_o issue_n male._n henry_n viceroy_n of_o navarre_n contrive_v these_o affair_n which_o be_v very_o displease_v to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n against_o who_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v level_v for_o the_o prince_n of_o arragon_n make_v this_o league_n with_o navarre_n in_o hatred_n to_o his_o mother-in-law_n the_o navarrois_n surprise_v the_o monastery_n of_o fitero_n appertain_v to_o castille_n complaint_n be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n he_o answer_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o indisposition_n he_o can_v not_o govern_v his_o son_n thus_o the_o war_n break_v out_o martin_n portocarrero_n be_v send_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o navarre_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n near_o tudela_n which_o be_v very_o bloody_a but_o the_o navarrois_n be_v defeat_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o drown_v in_o the_o river_n ebro_n d._n michael_n zapata_n the_o aragonian_a general_n be_v absent_a fortify_v fitero_n but_o navarrois_n appear_v on_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n when_o the_o battle_n be_v almost_o over_o his_o come_n cause_v the_o navarrois_fw-mi to_o raily_a and_o the_o battle_n be_v renew_v yet_o the_o arragonian_n though_o they_o come_v in_o fresh_a be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o their_o general_n take_v by_o the_o castillian_n the_o slaughter_n be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o expect_v because_o the_o castilian_n be_v tire_v and_o night_n draw_v on_o beside_o that_o the_o enemy_n differ_v not_o in_o language_n which_o save_v many_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o biscayner_n under_o their_o general_n lope_n de_fw-fr lescano_n have_v destroy_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o pamplona_n take_v the_o castle_n of_o vnsa_n thus_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o navarrois_n be_v check_v at_o that_o time_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n lay_v sick_a of_o a_o ague_n at_o palencia_n and_o take_v compassion_n of_o the_o navarrois_fw-mi order_v his_o general_n to_o march_v out_o of_o that_o country_n who_o bring_v with_o he_o prince_n peter_n of_o aragon_n royal_a standard_n gaston_n earl_n of_o faux_n march_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o navarre_n and_o their_o force_n be_v join_v they_o lay_v siege_n to_o logrono_n the_o chief_a city_n on_o the_o frontier_n the_o neighbour_a people_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o place_n give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n but_o be_v defeat_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v 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tender_a age._n this_o in_o the_o year_n 1335._o soon_o after_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n d._n alonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n 1336._o die_v at_o barcelona_n he_o be_v a_o just_a merciful_a and_o religious_a prince_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v die_v the_o pious_a he_o be_v more_o fortunate_a during_o his_o father_n reign_n than_o his_o own_o and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o continual_a indisposition_n to_o d._n jayme_n his_o young_a son_n by_o his_o first_o wife_n he_o leave_v the_o earldom_n of_o vrgel_n and_o prince_n peter_n be_v heir_n to_o the_o crown_n to_o his_o son_n by_o the_o second_o wife_n he_o leave_v other_o possession_n as_o have_v be_v say_v above_o queen_n ellenor_n fear_v her_o son_n in_o law_n go_v away_o to_o albarazin_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o near_o the_o frontier_n of_o castille_n d._n john_n and_o peter_z de_fw-fr exerica_n follow_v
fit_v out_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n land_v in_o majorca_n where_o the_o islander_n have_v assemble_v 300_o horse_n and_o 15000_o foot_n but_o all_o raw_a undisciplined_a soldier_n they_o be_v easy_o overthrow_v and_o their_o king_n flee_v to_o the_o city_n poncia_n and_o thence_o despair_v of_o better_a fortune_n over_o to_o the_o continent_n those_o people_n be_v before_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o aragonian_a soon_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o he_o and_o he_o return_v to_o barcelona_n leave_v arnaldus_n de_fw-fr eril_n viceroy_n of_o the_o island_n russillon_n and_o cerdagne_n on_o the_o border_n of_o spain_n be_v infest_a and_o some_o town_n there_o take_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o majorca_n a_o cardinal_n be_v now_o send_v by_o the_o pope_n as_o his_o legate_n to_o reconcile_v these_o king_n his_o come_n the_o approach_n of_o winter_n and_o want_v of_o engine_n to_o batter_v wall_n make_v the_o war_n cease_v for_o sometime_o but_o his_o embassy_n take_v no_o further_a effect_n in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n 1344_o the_o war_n be_v renew_v with_o more_o fury_n than_o at_o first_o all_o the_o open_a country_n destroy_v and_o the_o place_n of_o strength_n take_v some_o persuade_v the_o king_n of_o majorca_n to_o put_v himself_o into_o 1344._o the_o power_n of_o the_o aragonian_a other_o more_o fierce_a say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o die_v than_o trust_v he_o nothing_o be_v leave_v the_o king_n of_o majorca_n but_o the_o town_n of_o perpignan_n therefore_o he_o send_v by_o d._n arragon_n peter_n de_fw-fr exerica_n to_o acquaint_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n he_o will_v put_v himself_o into_o his_o power_n upon_o promise_n of_o life_n and_o liberty_n have_v receive_v that_o promise_n in_o july_n he_o come_v from_o perpignan_n to_o elna_n where_o the_o camp_n of_o arragon_n then_o be_v be_v come_v before_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n he_o kiss_v his_o hand_n and_o with_o submissive_a word_n beg_v pardon_v the_o aragonian_a receive_v he_o with_o 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take_v and_o the_o king_n of_o majorca_n depose_v there_o be_v a_o mighty_a earthquake_n at_o lisbon_n which_o shake_v all_o the_o lisbon_n building_n and_o throw_v down_o the_o steeple_n of_o the_o cathedral_n and_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o omen_n of_o ensue_a misfortune_n constance_n the_o daughter_n of_o d._n john_n manuel_n and_o wife_n of_o prince_n peter_n of_o portugal_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1345._o her_o death_n be_v the_o less_o grievous_a to_o he_o because_o he_o 1345._o be_v in_o love_n with_o the_o lady_n agnes_n de_fw-fr castro_n and_o keep_v she_o in_o as_o great_a state_n as_o his_o wife_n the_o lady_n constance_n leave_v two_o son_n ferdinand_n and_o mary_n after_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n be_v end_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n labour_v to_o punish_v the_o disorder_n that_o have_v happen_v in_o that_o turbulent_a time_n and_o to_o persuade_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n and_o andaluzia_n to_o grant_v he_o the_o same_o duty_n on_o merchandise_n as_o burgos_n and_o leon_n have_v do_v in_o arragon_n new_a trouble_n begin_v to_o break_v out_o for_o the_o king_n endeavour_v by_o all_o arragon_n mean_n to_o increase_v the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o recall_v many_o grant_n of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o oblige_v his_o brother_n d._n jayme_n to_o quit_v the_o place_n of_o vicar_n general_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o year_n 1346_o die_v the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n a_o most_o virtuous_a lady_n she_o be_v bury_v at_o valencia_n 1346._o to_o the_o intent_n the_o king_n may_v have_v issue_n male_a a_o match_n be_v present_o propose_v with_o the_o lady_n eillenor_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n ferdinand_n the_o aragonian_n brother_n think_v to_o marry_v that_o lady_n but_o the_o king_n prevail_v chief_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o d._n john_n manuel_n who_o son_n ferdinand_n marry_v joanna_n cousin_n german_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n the_o nobility_n and_o commous_a of_o arragon_n rebel_v upon_o pretence_n that_o wrong_n have_v be_v do_v to_o d._n jayme_n the_o king_n brother_n and_o that_o several_a public_a act_n be_v make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lady_n constance_n as_o heiress_n of_o the_o crown_n ximeno_n de_fw-fr vrrea_n peter_n colonel_n blaze_v the_o alagon_n and_o d._n lope_n de_fw-fr luna_n be_v appoint_v conservator_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n d._n jayme_n earl_n of_o vrgel_n be_v châ—â—en_o for_o their_o chief_n his_o brother_n ferdinand_n and_o john_n be_v call_v out_o of_o castille_n the_o king_n assemble_v the_o cortes_n at_o zaragoça_n and_o to_o please_v thâ—â—eople_n restore_v the_o vicarship_n to_o his_o brother_n d._n jayme_n and_o declare_v he_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n thus_o all_o people_n be_v please_v but_o d._n jayme_n soon_o die_v their_o joy_n expire_v the_o king_n go_v to_o barceloâ—â—_n whither_o he_o have_v order_v his_o queen_n to_o be_v conduct_v from_o portugal_n and_o here_o it_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o vrgel_n die_v 1347_o about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n 1347._o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n and_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—aded_v the_o mutineer_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n with_o 800_o horse_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v marry_v marry_v without_o any_o pomp_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o public_a sorrow_n for_o the_o death_n of_o d._n jayme_n as_o also_o because_o of_o the_o trouble_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o two_o brother_n ferdinand_n and_o john_n who_o have_v be_v in_o castille_n to_o consult_v with_o their_o mother_n and_o the_o king_n their_o uncle_n head_v the_o rebel_n be_v assist_v with_o 800_o horse_n from_o castille_n ferdinand_n go_v 〈◊〉_d to_o valencia_n and_o john_n to_z zaragoça_o their_o mother_n reside_v at_o cuenca_n and_o requena_n fernan_n perez_n portocarrero_n be_v send_v from_o castille_n and_o munon_o lopez_n de_fw-fr tauste_fw-la from_o arragon_n to_o reconcile_v the_o brother_n of_o that_o crown_n and_o procure_v that_o no_o aid_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o 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castille_n the_o king_n to_o reward_v d._n lope_n create_v he_o earl_n of_o luna_n a_o thing_n not_o much_o use_v in_o arragon_n after_o this_o victory_n all_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n yet_o prince_n ferdinand_n be_v again_o declare_v heir_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o high_a justice_n of_o arragon_n be_v increase_v that_o the_o king_n may_v not_o oppress_v the_o people_n this_o in_o arragon_n in_o the_o year_n 1348._o this_o year_n a_o 1348_o destructive_a plague_n spread_v itself_o first_o in_o the_o east_n then_o into_o italy_n sicily_n majorca_n and_o plague_n spain_n where_o no_o city_n escape_v it_o and_o the_o mortality_n be_v so_o great_a that_o only_o in_o the_o city_n zaragoça_n in_o october_n 100_o die_v in_o one_o day_n the_o infection_n be_v so_o great_a that_o nobody_o will_v look_v to_o the_o sick_a or_o bury_v the_o dead_a ellenor_n the_o new_a queen_n of_o arragon_n die_v
other_o his_o contrivance_n chap._n viii_o john_n king_n of_o arragon_n upon_o complaint_n of_o his_o subject_n comply_v with_o their_o demand_n eruption_n of_o the_o french_a into_o arragon_n henry_n the_o iiid_v proclaim_v king_n of_o castille_n the_o form_n of_o government_n appoint_v there_o during_o his_o minority_n john_n the_o first_o the_o new_a king_n of_o arragon_n act_v nothing_o like_o his_o father_n who_o be_v a_o active_a arragon_n man_n warlike_a and_o ambitious_a of_o enlarge_a his_o dominion_n king_n john_n be_v meek_a and_o affable_a unless_o provoke_v more_o incline_v to_o his_o ease_n than_o warlike_a affair_n he_o love_v hawk_v hunt_v music_n and_o poetry_n and_o all_o thing_n that_o represent_v grandeur_n so_o that_o the_o revenue_n be_v too_o small_a for_o his_o expense_n the_o queen_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n like_o her_o husband_n so_o that_o the_o court_n be_v full_a of_o foo_a ball_n and_o pleasure_n great_a reward_n be_v give_v to_o poet_n and_o so_o fond_a be_v the_o king_n of_o they_o that_o he_o send_v a_o embassy_n into_o france_n only_o to_o have_v some_o choice_a one_o send_v he_o the_o nobility_n of_o arragon_n offend_v at_o the_o king_n extravagancy_n meet_v at_o calasanz_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o cortes_n sit_v at_o monçon_n they_o send_v their_o complaint_n in_o write_v to_o the_o cortes_n which_o where_o chief_o the_o extraordinary_a expense_n the_o lewdness_n of_o the_o court_n and_o that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o woman_n this_o be_v mean_v of_o da._n carroça_n de_fw-fr villaragur_n favourite_n to_o the_o queen_n who_o entire_o rule_v the_o king_n message_n pass_v to_o and_o fro_o and_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v of_o a_o easy_a nature_n comply_v with_o their_o demand_n retrench_v his_o expense_n set_v out_o proclamation_n for_o restrain_v the_o disorder_n of_o the_o people_n banish_v that_o lady_n and_o for_o bid_v the_o queen_n intermeddle_v in_o the_o government_n thus_o those_o discontent_n be_v 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cavanas_n defeat_v a_o good_a body_n of_o they_o and_o take_v their_o commander_n call_v martin_n the_o king_n set_v out_o from_o girona_n to_o oppose_v they_o but_o they_o return_v into_o france_n by_o the_o way_n of_o russillon_n where_o they_o do_v much_o harm_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n have_v stir_v up_o arigotte_v of_o auvergne_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o armagnac_n which_o move_v the_o earl_n to_o return_v to_o defend_v his_o own_o luis_n the_o son_n of_o luis_n duke_n of_o anjou_n who_o die_v in_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n and_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o sicily_n marry_v violante_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n at_o barcelona_n the_o end_n of_o this_o match_n be_v that_o the_o aragonian_a shall_v assist_v his_o son_n in_o law_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n d._n martin_n lord_n of_o exerica_n the_o king_n of_o aragon_n nephew_n as_o be_v the_o son_n of_o his_o brother_n martin_n with_o the_o king_n 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his_o want_n of_o health_n all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n flock_v to_o kiss_v his_o hand_n and_o offer_v their_o person_n and_o estate_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr arragon_n marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n dissatisfy_v with_o the_o late_a king_n be_v withdraw_v into_o arragon_n he_o offer_v to_o return_v to_o castille_n provide_v he_o may_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o office_n of_o constable_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n condescend_v to_o his_o request_n and_o yet_o he_o come_v not_o be_v detain_v for_o certain_a reason_n in_o arragon_n the_o ceremony_n of_o proclaim_v the_o king_n be_v perform_v he_o go_v to_o toledo_n to_o bury_v his_o father_n in_o the_o royal_a chapel_n as_o he_o have_v ordain_v next_o the_o cortes_n assemble_v at_o madrid_n and_o take_v in_o hand_n to_o settle_v the_o government_n the_o king_n be_v but_o 11_o year_n of_o age._n ellenor_n the_o only_a daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o albuquerque_n for_o her_o great_a fortune_n common_o call_v the_o rich_a 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portugal_n for_o 15_o year_n the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n at_o length_n pacify_v sicily_n bring_v under_o the_o aragonian_a yoke_n the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n trouble_v all_o castille_n especial_o those_o who_o have_v the_o castille_n charge_n of_o the_o government_n they_o be_v desirous_a of_o appease_v he_o but_o can_v find_v no_o mean_n to_o effect_v it_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o labour_v all_o way_n for_o the_o public_a resolve_v to_o undertake_v another_o journey_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o he_o hope_v by_o his_o authority_n and_o offer_v more_o advantageous_a term_n to_o content_v he_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o year_n 1393_o 1393._o they_o meet_v he_o persuade_v he_o to_o proceed_v slow_o in_o his_o match_n with_o portugal_n and_o see_v whether_o the_o truce_n which_o be_v again_o in_o agitation_n be_v conclude_v it_o can_v not_o he_o obtain_v of_o he_o to_o disband_v his_o force_n and_o return_n to_o court_n his_o excuse_n be_v that_o he_o have_v many_o powerful_a enemy_n at_o court_n and_o can_v not_o be_v safe_a during_o the_o king_n minority_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v not_o become_v a_o person_n of_o his_o rank_n to_o appear_v at_o court_n without_o any_o post_n the_o archbishop_n depart_v from_o he_o at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o city_n zamora_n be_v the_o second_o time_n in_o danger_n of_o be_v betray_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o bonavente_fw-la the_o alcayde_v or_o governor_n villaiçan_n hold_v correspondence_n with_o he_o in_o order_n to_o deliver_v that_o castle_n to_o he_o the_o city_n be_v in_o a_o uproar_v but_o the_o archbishop_n of_o santiago_n and_o toledo_n with_o the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n come_v prevent_v the_o danger_n and_o quiet_v the_o people_n the_o duke_n with_o his_o force_n come_v up_o in_o sight_n of_o the_o city_n rely_v on_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o governor_n with_o who_o as_o be_v say_v he_o hold_v intelligence_n but_o find_v himself_o disappoint_v fall_v upon_o mayorga_n a_o 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his_o court_n to_o zamora_n as_o lie_v near_o to_o portugal_n the_o better_a to_o carry_v on_o the_o treaty_n that_o be_v then_o on_o foot_n for_o a_o truce_n this_o cause_v the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n force_n to_o grow_v thin_a many_o come_n over_o daily_o to_o the_o king_n at_o length_n the_o castilian_n and_o portugueses_n come_v to_o a_o conclusion_n upon_o these_o term_n that_o sabugal_n and_o miranda_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o portuguese_n who_o they_o be_v before_o year_n that_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n shall_v not_o support_v either_o queen_n beatrix_n or_o the_o prince_n john_n and_o denis_n of_o portugal_n than_o prisoner_n in_o castille_n in_o their_o pretension_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n that_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n shall_v do_v the_o same_o in_o regard_n of_o any_o that_o shall_v lay_v any_o claim_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n that_o prisoner_n on_o both_o side_n shall_v be_v release_v for_o security_n of_o performance_n 12_o son_n of_o nobleman_n of_o castille_n be_v to_o be_v deliver_v as_o hostage_n to_o the_o portague_n this_o article_n be_v change_v into_o two_o son_n of_o eminent_a citizen_n of_o each_o of_o the_o city_n of_o sevil_n cordova_n toledo_n burgos_n leon_n and_o zamora_n thus_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o may_n the_o truce_n for_o 15_o year_n be_v proclaim_v at_o lisbon_n and_o burgos_n in_o which_o city_n the_o king_n at_o that_o time_n be_v these_o article_n be_v advantageous_a for_o portugal_n and_o no_o less_o scandalous_a for_o castille_n but_o it_o be_v prudence_n to_o comply_v with_o the_o time_n which_o be_v then_o very_o troublesome_a in_o castille_n and_o the_o part_n of_o good_a man_n to_o bear_v with_o some_o loss_n of_o reputation_n when_o necessity_n require_v it_o the_o joy_n conceive_v by_o all_o castille_n for_o the_o truce_n conclude_v with_o portugal_n be_v much_o abate_v king_n by_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n that_o prelate_n act_v for_o the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n and_o endeavour_v to_o have_v john_n de_fw-fr velasco_n chamberlain_n to_o the_o king_n restore_v to_o part_n of_o his_o pension_n cut_v off_o by_o the_o late_a king_n be_v will._n tho_o he_o labour_v much_o yet_o he_o can_v not_o prevail_v and_o therefore_o in_o a_o passion_n resolve_v to_o withdraw_v from_o the_o court_n it_o be_v fear_v by_o the_o other_o governor_n that_o his_o absence_n may_v cause_v new_a discord_n he_o be_v very_o powerful_a haughty_a and_o ambitious_a a_o consultation_n be_v have_v before_o the_o king_n upon_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o arrest_v he_o which_o be_v according_o execute_v together_o with_o his_o friend_n john_n de_fw-fr velasco_n in_o the_o palace_n this_o gentleman_n be_v considerable_a of_o himself_o and_o have_v not_o long_o before_o the_o town_n of_o villalpando_n in_o dower_n with_o his_o wife_n his_o father_n be_v peter_n hernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n who_o die_v with_o many_o more_o at_o the_o 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censure_n be_v beg_v of_o the_o pope_n which_o he_o impower_v his_o nuncio_n dominick_n bishop_n of_o s._n ponce_n and_o of_o albi_fw-la in_o france_n to_o grant_v the_o king_n in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o burgos_n on_o his_o knee_n swear_v to_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o church_n and_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o archbishop_n restore_v he_o his_o town_n and_o then_o be_v absolve_v on_o the_o four_o of_o july_n the_o interdict_v be_v take_v off_o and_o to_o make_v this_o joy_n the_o reconcile_v more_o complete_a the_o duke_n of_o benavente_n through_o the_o good_a management_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o santiago_n who_o do_v all_o disband_v his_o force_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o portion_n he_o be_v to_o have_v from_o portugal_n he_o be_v allow_v 60000_o florin_n and_o to_o have_v liberty_n to_o marry_v where_o he_o please_v except_o in_o portugal_n beside_o a_o pension_n be_v settle_v upon_o he_o and_o then_o he_o come_v to_o court_n without_o 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to_o join_v with_o the_o confederate_n it_o arrive_v there_o at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n be_v abate_v and_o new_a commotion_n begin_v to_o break_v out_o at_o genoa_n and_o sienna_n thus_o the_o portague_n fleet_n return_v home_o without_o effect_v any_o thing_n elizabeth_z queen_n of_o portugal_n die_v at_o ebora_n on_o the_o 12_o of_o december_n it_o be_v suspect_v and_o even_o agree_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o she_o be_v poison_v the_o great_a love_n the_o people_n bear_v she_o whilst_o she_o live_v make_v this_o suspicion_n the_o more_o easy_o pass_v for_o truth_n and_o their_o tear_n for_o her_o death_n sufficient_o declare_v their_o affection_n the_o king_n though_o he_o be_v in_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o age_n will_v not_o marry_v for_o several_a year_n this_o year_n be_v very_o unfortunate_a to_o the_o city_n and_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n for_o great_a earthquake_n which_o overthrow_v or_o at_o least_o endamage_v many_o town_n and_o castle_n the_o great_a mischief_n be_v do_v at_o brindez_n and_o isernia_n in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o italy_n some_o building_n be_v level_v with_o the_o ground_n from_o the_o very_a foundation_n other_o be_v abandon_v and_o a_o town_n call_v boyano_n be_v swallow_v up_o a_o lake_n remain_v in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o to_o this_o day_n as_o a_o memorial_n of_o that_o disaster_n 60000_o soul_n be_v say_v to_o have_v perish_v pope_n pius_n the_o ii_o and_o s._n antoninus_n say_v 30000_o either_o of_o they_o a_o prodigious_a number_n chap._n ix_o the_o prince_n of_o viana_n fly_v to_o naples_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o navarre_n meet_v and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n the_o death_n of_o alonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n his_o character_n and_o will._n john_n king_n of_o navarre_n inherit_v the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n spain_n find_v no_o end_n of_o its_o tedious_a trouble_n the_o tumult_n in_o navarre_n be_v hot_a than_o ever_o their_o neighbour_n the_o biscainer_n take_v arm_n against_o one_o another_o and_o many_o be_v biscay_n daily_o kill_v among_o they_o the_o great_a man_n and_o head_n of_o family_n devour_v the_o people_n confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o house_n which_o be_v like_o castle_n king_n henry_n come_v in_o time_n from_o segovia_n with_o a_o sufficient_a force_n to_o quell_v these_o disorder_n overthrow_v many_o of_o those_o house_n which_o serve_v as_o a_o example_n to_o other_o not_o to_o commit_v the_o like_a insolence_n this_o happen_v in_o february_n 1451._o upon_o the_o way_n the_o king_n receive_v into_o his_o family_n a_o youth_n bear_v at_o darango_n his_o name_n perucho_n munzar_n who_o afterward_o become_v his_o great_a favourite_n be_v 1451._o so_o near_o navarre_n the_o king_n be_v willing_a to_o assist_v prince_n charles_n his_o friend_n and_o ally_n but_o
mean_n the_o king_n from_o cabeçon_fw-fr go_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n and_o the_o noble_n to_o plasencia_n d._n peter_n giron_n master_n of_o calatrava_n go_v away_o to_o andalusia_n where_o he_o have_v the_o town_n of_o ossuna_n design_v to_o stir_v up_o that_o people_n to_o rebellion_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr valencuela_fw-mi have_v the_o grand_a priorship_n of_o s._n john_n take_v from_o he_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o jaen_n his_o good_n and_o revenue_n only_o because_o they_o be_v loyal_a to_o their_o king_n beside_o this_o d._n peter_n giron_n raise_v man_n and_o endeavour_v with_o large_a promise_n to_o debauch_v all_o the_o nobility_n of_o that_o country_n the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n the_o earl_n of_o arcos_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n and_o the_o council_n of_o sevill_n and_o cordova_n resolve_v to_o join_v with_o the_o rebel_n king_n henry_n perceive_v the_o storm_n gather_v assemble_v a_o council_n at_o madrid_n where_o he_o ask_v what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v in_o that_o exigence_n all_o be_v silent_a the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n say_v his_o opinion_n be_v the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v procure_v be_v that_o prince_n alonso_n shall_v be_v put_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n as_o the_o fit_a person_n to_o secure_v the_o pledge_n of_o peace_n which_o if_o the_o nobility_n â—â—used_v than_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v proceed_v against_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n that_o to_o this_o purpose_n the_o court_n shall_v remove_v to_o salamanca_n to_o be_v near_o to_o the_o rebel_n either_o to_o treat_v of_o peace_n or_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o war._n these_o thing_n be_v think_v to_o be_v mean_v as_o they_o be_v say_v be_v easy_o agree_v to_o a_o message_n be_v send_v to_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o force_n order_v to_o march_v to_o salamanca_n the_o king_n himself_o go_v away_o to_o old_a castille_n and_o with_o what_o force_n he_o have_v lay_v siege_n to_o arevalo_n then_o hold_v by_o the_o rebel_n thence_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n put_v off_o his_o disguise_n go_v away_o to_o avila_n whereof_o he_o be_v make_v governor_n by_o the_o king_n thither_o the_o conspirator_n repair_v to_o he_o the_o admiral_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v seize_v valladolid_n where_o they_o design_v their_o force_n shall_v rendezvous_n these_o sad_a news_n have_v awake_v the_o king_n out_o of_o his_o lethargy_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v fall_v down_o before_o a_o crucifix_n and_o utter_v these_o word_n thy_o aid_n i_o implore_v my_o lord_n christ_n the_o son_n of_o god_n by_o who_o king_n reign_n to_o thou_o i_o recommend_v my_o person_n and_o dignity_n i_o only_o beg_v this_o punishment_n which_o i_o confess_v inferior_a to_o my_o desert_n may_v be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o my_o soul_n lord_n give_v i_o patience_n to_o endure_v it_o and_o permit_v not_o the_o people_n to_o suffer_v for_o my_o sake_n then_o he_o haste_v away_o to_o salamanca_n at_o avila_n the_o rebel_n resolve_v upon_o a_o most_o barbarous_a action_n to_o the_o eternal_a infamy_n of_o spain_n without_o the_o wall_n of_o that_o city_n they_o erect_v a_o scaffold_n and_o place_v on_o it_o the_o statue_n of_o rebel_n king_n henry_n in_o his_o royal_a robe_n on_o a_o throne_n with_o his_o sceptre_n and_o crown_n thither_o the_o villainous_a noble_n and_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n resort_v then_o a_o crier_n proclaim_v sentence_n against_o the_o king_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n many_o horrid_a crime_n whilst_o the_o sentence_n be_v read_v they_o leisurely_o strip_v the_o statue_n of_o all_o its_o robe_n and_o at_o last_o with_o reproachful_a language_n throw_v it_o down_o from_o the_o scaffold_n this_o villainy_n be_v act_v upon_o wednesday_n the_o 5_o of_o june_n immediate_o prince_n alonso_n who_o have_v be_v all_o the_o while_o present_a be_v bring_v upon_o the_o scaffold_n there_o lift_v upon_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o proclaim_v king_n the_o royal_a standard_n be_v display_v in_o his_o name_n as_o be_v the_o custom_n at_o the_o inauguration_n of_o king_n the_o multitude_n present_o cry_v god_n save_o king_n alonso_n which_o be_v engage_v themselves_o in_o the_o quarrel_n the_o news_n of_o this_o horrid_a treason_n be_v spread_v abroad_o some_o approve_v of_o other_o condemn_v it_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o the_o new_a king_n to_o be_v liberal_a of_o what_o be_v not_o his_o own_o to_o gutierre_n de_fw-fr solis_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o brother_n the_o master_n of_o alcantara_n he_o give_v the_o city_n coria_n with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o earl_n burgos_n and_o toledo_n approve_v this_o act_n of_o the_o noble_n on_o the_o other_o side_n many_o great_a man_n declare_v for_o king_n henry_n d._n garcia_n de_fw-fr toledo_n earl_n of_o alva_n be_v reconcile_v come_v to_o he_o with_o 500_o horse_n and_o 1000_o foot_n the_o queen_n and_o princess_n elizabeth_n be_v send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n to_o beg_v succour_n of_o he_o they_o meet_v he_o at_o guardia_n on_o the_o border_n of_o portugal_n yet_o obtain_v nothing_o but_o good_a word_n and_o civil_a entertainment_n the_o rebel_n rendezvouse_v at_o valladolid_n the_o loyalist_n at_o toro_n be_v more_o numerous_a than_o well_o discipline_v penastor_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o rebel_n who_o because_o it_o make_v a_o virgorous_a defence_n throw_v down_o its_o wall_n to_o terrify_v other_o place_n thence_o they_o remove_v to_o simancas_n whither_o the_o king_n send_v john_n fernandez_n galindo_n with_o 3000_o horse_n which_o so_o encourage_v the_o besiege_a that_o the_o rabble_n formal_o condemn_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o have_v drag_v his_o statue_n about_o the_o street_n burn_v it_o in_o revenge_n to_o the_o affront_v offer_v to_o the_o king_n at_o avila_n hereupon_o the_o rebel_n raise_v the_o siege_n but_o especial_o because_o they_o hear_v the_o king_n have_v a_o army_n of_o 80000_o foot_n and_o 14000_o horse_n at_o toro_n this_o army_n march_v to_o simancas_n by_o the_o way_n in_o a_o skirmish_n john_n carillo_n a_o captain_n of_o the_o rebel_n be_v wound_v and_o take_v be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n he_o discover_v a_o conspiracy_n name_v the_o person_n concern_v in_o it_o to_o the_o king_n in_o private_a but_o the_o king_n fear_v his_o discovery_n may_v be_v feign_v conceal_v their_o name_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o valladolid_n but_o can_v not_o take_v it_o by_o reason_n it_o have_v a_o strong_a garrison_n or_o rather_o because_o the_o king_n man_n have_v no_o stomach_n to_o fight_v there_o a_o treaty_n be_v again_o set_v on_o foot_n king_n henry_n and_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n meet_v again_o much_o be_v promise_v and_o nothing_o perform_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v since_o his_o revenue_n can_v not_o bear_v so_o great_a a_o charge_n to_o dismiss_v his_o army_n and_o then_z prince_z alonso_z quit_v the_o title_n of_o king_n with_o all_o the_o nobility_n will_v submit_v thus_o both_o side_n disband_v and_o the_o nobleman_n who_o be_v with_o the_o king_n though_o they_o had'done_v no_o disband_v service_n be_v high_o reward_v the_o rebel_n go_v away_o to_o arevalo_n and_o so_o valladolid_n return_v to_o its_o duty_n prince_z alonso_z be_v keep_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o prisoner_n and_o they_o threaten_v to_o kill_v he_o because_o he_o design_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n to_o his_o brother_n the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n go_v on_o and_o the_o rebel_n promise_v to_o submit_v provide_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n the_o king_n consent_v and_o immediate_o send_v the_o duke_n of_o albuquerque_n and_o bishop_n of_o calahorra_n from_o court_n because_o they_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o master_n this_o project_n afflict_v the_o princess_n who_o weep_v bitter_o and_o have_v tell_v the_o cause_n of_o her_o grief_n to_o da._n beatrix_n de_fw-fr bobadilla_n her_o first_o lady_n of_o the_o bedchamber_n that_o lady_n show_v she_o a_o naked_a dagger_n promise_v she_o will_v with_o it_o kill_v the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n rather_o than_o he_o shall_v have_v she_o but_o god_n order_v it_o better_o for_o as_o he_o haste_v from_o his_o town_n of_o almagro_n to_o celebrate_v the_o marriage_n he_o fall_v sick_a by_o the_o way_n and_o die_v at_o villarubia_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1466_o 1466._o he_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o private_a chapel_n at_o calatrava_n his_o two_o son_n inherit_v his_o estate_n d._n alonso_n tellez_n giron_n the_o elder_a in_o pursuance_n of_o his_o father_n will_n be_v earl_n of_o urena_n d._n roderick_n tellez_n giron_n the_o young_a have_v the_o mastership_n of_o calatrava_n have_v before_o obtain_v the_o pope_n bull_n to_o that_o effect_n he_o have_v also_o a_o three_o son_n call_v d._n john_n pacheco_n all_o three_o unlawful_o beget_v not_o long_o before_o the_o master_n death_n in_o the_o territory_n
and_o though_o very_a age_a and_o blind_a of_o both_o eye_n have_v still_o a_o great_a spirit_n in_o that_o city_n on_o the_o 22th_o of_o january_n 1468_o ellenor_n his_o bastard_n daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o d._n luis_n de_fw-fr biamonte_n earl_n of_o lerin_n her_o portion_n 1468._o be_v 15000_o florin_n and_o the_o design_n to_o secure_v that_o family_n so_o powerful_a in_o navarre_n the_o queen_n hold_v the_o cortes_n of_o arragon_n at_o zaragoça_n for_o the_o king_n her_o husband_n there_o she_o die_v on_o the_o 13_o of_o february_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o the_o king_n who_o lament_v it_o the_o more_o because_o he_o be_v so_o age_v himself_o and_o his_o son_n to_o who_o she_o may_v have_v be_v a_o great_a support_n so_o young_a not_o long_o before_o she_o meet_v her_o daughter_n in_o law_n the_o countess_n of_o faux_n at_o exea_n on_o the_o border_n of_o arragon_n and_o there_o they_o conclude_v a_o league_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a her_o body_n be_v bury_v at_o poblete_n only_o one_o crime_n be_v lay_v to_o her_o charge_n which_o be_v the_o death_n of_o her_o son_n in_o law_n prince_n charles_n and_o this_o they_o say_v trouble_v her_o conscience_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o her_o death_n the_o news_n of_o the_o trouble_n in_o castille_n be_v come_v to_o rome_n king_n henry_n solicit_v the_o pope_n to_o rebel_n depose_v the_o bishop_n that_o be_v in_o rebellion_n and_o to_o excommunicate_v the_o nobility_n if_o they_o will_v not_o submit_v antony_n venerio_n bishop_n of_o leon_n be_v therefore_o send_v nuncio_n into_o spain_n first_o he_o wait_v upon_o the_o king_n at_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n then_o endeavour_v to_o treat_v with_o the_o rebel_n be_v by_o they_o twice_o put_v off_o with_o reproachful_a language_n and_o he_o threaten_v to_o excommunicate_v they_o they_o answer_v the_o pope_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o they_o will_v appeal_v to_o the_o next_o general_n council_n another_o misfortune_n befall_v the_o king_n which_o be_v that_o d._n john_n arias_n bishop_n of_o segovia_n in_o revenge_n that_o his_o brother_n peter_n arias_n have_v be_v wrongful_o imprison_v though_o now_o set_v at_o liberty_n resolve_v to_o deliver_v up_o that_o city_n to_o the_o lord_n the_o place_n be_v strong_a be_v seat_v on_o the_o mountain_n that_o part_v old_a and_o new_a castille_n the_o queen_n and_o duchess_n of_o albuquerque_n who_o be_v there_o be_v so_o surprise_v at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o rebel_n that_o they_o can_v scarce_o have_v time_n to_o get_v into_o the_o castle_n nor_o be_v they_o easy_o admit_v peter_n munsares_n the_o governor_n be_v of_o intelligence_n with_o the_o rebel_n the_o princess_n elizahe_v who_o know_v of_o the_o design_n stay_v in_o the_o palace_n and_o then_o go_v to_o her_o brother_n alonso_n design_v to_o take_v part_n with_o he_o this_o news_n be_v soon_o carry_v to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n where_o king_n henry_n be_v which_o trouble_v he_o 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castle_n of_o madrid_n by_o peter_n muncare_n that_o the_o queen_n be_v leave_v with_o the_o archhishop_n of_o sevil_n as_o a_o hostage_n for_o performance_n hereof_o that_o these_o thing_n perform_v the_o noble_n within_o 6_o month_n restore_v the_o king_n to_o the_o government_n and_o submit_v to_o he_o these_o be_v hard_a condition_n for_o the_o king_n but_o the_o worst_a be_v that_o the_o queen_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o alabejos_n whither_o the_o bishop_n send_v she_o take_v a_o like_n to_o a_o young_a man_n and_o prove_v with_o child_n by_o he_o which_o confirm_v all_o the_o former_a suspicion_n of_o her_o dishonesty_n and_o make_v for_o the_o rebel_n the_o king_n distract_v with_o these_o misfortune_n go_v from_o place_n to_o place_n almost_o like_o a_o private_a man_n forsake_v of_o most_o man_n only_z 10_o attending_z him_z he_o resolve_v at_o last_o to_o try_v the_o earl_n of_o plasencia_n and_o put_v himself_o into_o his_o power_n he_o be_v there_o well_o receive_v and_o live_v about_o 4_o month_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o that_o city_n the_o pope_n send_v a_o new_a nuncio_n to_o persuade_v the_o lord_n to_o submit_v excommunicate_v to_o the_o king_n but_o they_o persist_v obstinate_a he_o excommunicate_v they_o this_o do_v not_o correct_v though_o it_o trouble_v they_o so_o much_o that_o they_o send_v deputy_n to_o rome_n who_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o come_v within_o the_o wall_n of_o that_o city_n till_o they_o have_v take_v a_o oath_n not_o to_o give_v the_o title_n of_o king_n to_o prince_n alonso_n the_o pope_n severe_o reprove_v they_o in_o the_o consistory_n assure_v they_o god_n will_v punish_v their_o disloyalty_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v the_o young_a prince_n will_v come_v to_o a_o untimely_a death_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o other_o this_o say_v of_o his_o prove_a prophetic_a and_o his_o severity_n do_v some_o kidness_n to_o king_n henry_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o city_n toledo_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o king_n peter_n lopez_n de_fw-fr ayala_n be_v governor_n of_o that_o city_n f._n peter_n de_fw-fr silua_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n dominick_n and_o bishop_n of_o badajoz_n his_o brother_n in_o law_n treat_v with_o his_o sister_n the_o governor_n wife_n about_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n to_o the_o king_n they_o send_v to_o he_o he_o come_v from_o plasencia_n in_o two_o day_n and_o enter_v the_o city_n by_o night_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o dominican_n monastery_n his_o come_v be_v know_v a_o bell_n be_v ring_v and_o the_o people_n take_v the_o alarm_n peter_n lopez_n advise_v the_o king_n shall_v not_o show_v himself_o because_o the_o people_n will_v not_o pay_v he_o any_o respect_n therefore_o about_o midnight_n he_o leave_v the_o city_n with_o he_o go_v perafan_n de_fw-fr ribera_n and_o the_o two_o son_n of_o peter_n lopez_n de_fw-fr ayala_n peter_n and_o alonso_n at_o the_o gate_n the_o king_n find_v his_o horse_n be_v tire_v have_v travel_v 18_o league_n that_o day_n he_o ask_v one_o of_o the_o 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the_o king_n go_v away_o to_o madrid_n there_o he_o secure_v the_o governor_n of_o that_o place_n peter_n muçare_v but_o soon_o after_o dismiss_v he_o the_o loss_n of_o toledo_n so_o near_o touch_v the_o rebel_n that_o they_o immediate_o march_v from_o arevalo_n where_o their_o force_n be_v to_o besiege_v that_o city_n in_o their_o march_n near_o cardenosa_n prince_n alonso_n fall_v sick_a and_o die_v on_o the_o 5_o of_o july_n which_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o their_o proceed_n his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n francis_n at_o arevalo_n thence_o afterward_o translate_v to_o the_o carthusian_n monastery_n of_o miraflores_n at_o burgos_n some_o say_v he_o die_v of_o the_o plague_n which_o then_o rage_v in_o those_o part_n other_o that_o he_o be_v poison_v alonso_z de_fw-fr palencia_n who_o
from_o pope_n pius_fw-la ii_o but_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v false_a by_o the_o bull_n afterward_o grant_v upon_o that_o occasion_n by_o pope_n sixtus_n iv._o king_n ferdinand_n be_v but_o 16_o year_n of_o age_n but_o proper_a and_o strong_a the_o new_a marry_a couple_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o pope_n king_n henry_n and_o other_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n excuse_v their_o be_v so_o hasty_a in_o marry_v they_o be_v force_v to_o borrow_v money_n for_o their_o expense_n about_o the_o same_o time_n henry_n son_n to_z prince_z henry_n of_o arragon_n be_v by_o the_o king_n his_o uncle_n create_v duke_n of_o segorve_n and_o alonso_n the_o king_n bastard-son_n earl_n of_o ribagorça_n on_o the_o 6_o of_o december_n die_v at_o rome_n d._n john_n cavajal_n cardinal_n and_o bishop_n of_o plasencia_n he_o be_v auditor_n de_fw-mi rota_n legate_n to_o three_o pope_n and_o a_o man_n of_o a_o good_a life_n he_o build_v a_o bridge_n over_o tagus_n in_o estremadura_n which_o be_v still_o call_v the_o cardinal_n bridge_n whilst_o king_n henry_n be_v busy_a settle_v the_o affair_n of_o sevil_n advice_n be_v send_v he_o from_o cantillana_n by_o the_o master_n of_o santiago_n of_o his_o sister_n marriage_n his_o displeasure_n be_v very_o great_a immediate_o he_o set_v out_o for_o truxillo_n design_v to_o give_v that_o town_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o plasencia_n for_o his_o good_a service_n during_o the_o trouble_n the_o townsman_n resolve_v to_o oppose_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n rather_o than_o use_v violence_n give_v he_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o the_o town_n of_o arevalo_n in_o old_a castille_n and_o because_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a so_o much_o as_o the_o other_o add_v to_o it_o the_o title_n of_o a_o duke_n at_o truxillo_n the_o master_n of_o alcantara_n who_o have_v side_v with_o prince_n alonso_n be_v pardon_v and_o the_o king_n give_v or_o restore_v the_o city_n coria_n to_o gutierre_n de_fw-fr caceres_n and_o solis_n his_o brother_n thus_o many_o who_o 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have_v fix_v his_o affection_n on_o his_o daughter_n joanna_n who_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n have_v send_v to_o demand_v in_o marriage_n for_o his_o brother_n charles_n create_v duke_n of_o guienne_n beside_o he_o press_v king_n henry_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o call_v a_o general_n council_n in_o opposition_n to_o pope_n paul_n with_o who_o he_o be_v at_o variance_n this_o request_n be_v flat_o deny_v by_o the_o king_n the_o business_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v put_v off_o at_o the_o same_o time_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n at_o cordova_n apprehend_v the_o marshal_n d._n james_n de_fw-fr cordova_n who_o suspect_v no_o such_o design_n he_o be_v soon_o release_v by_o the_o king_n order_n but_o think_v he_o shall_v obtain_v no_o satisfaction_n for_o that_o wrong_n go_v away_o to_o granada_n and_o thence_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n send_v a_o challenge_n to_o his_o adversary_n to_o fight_v upon_o the_o plain_a of_o granada_n on_o the_o appoint_a day_n have_v wait_v till_o sunset_n and_o d._n alonso_z not_o appear_v he_o drag_v his_o effigy_n at_o his_o horse_n tail_n that_o do_v he_o send_v letter_n to_o all_o part_n with_o picture_n represent_v that_o passage_n the_o knight_n of_o alcantara_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o master_n their_o master_n and_o the_o dispute_n come_v to_o open_a hostility_n the_o master_n not_o be_v able_a alone_o to_o oppose_v so_o many_o beg_v assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n gutierre_n de_fw-fr solis_fw-la they_o want_v money_n and_o garci_n alvarez_n de_fw-fr toledo_n earl_n of_o alva_n lend_v they_o a_o sum_n upon_o the_o mortgage_n of_o the_o city_n coria_n thus_o the_o earl_n afterward_o duke_n of_o alva_n get_v that_o city_n which_o be_v confirm_v to_o they_o by_o grant_n of_o king_n remain_v in_o the_o family_n to_o this_o day_n nothing_o remarkable_a happen_v between_o the_o master_n and_o knight_n only_o they_o hinder_v his_o force_n pass_v the_o river_n tagus_n and_o soon_o after_o they_o be_v disperse_v the_o master_n be_v thus_o out_v his_o estate_n die_v some_o year_n after_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n son_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o arevalo_n succeed_v he_o and_o be_v the_o last_o master_n of_o alcantara_n he_o resign_v up_o that_o dignity_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n d._n john_n pacheco_n master_n of_o santiago_n lay_v sick_a at_o ocena_fw-la be_v great_a in_o the_o king_n favour_n than_o ever_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o misdemeanour_n which_o occasion_v the_o people_n to_o say_v he_o have_v bewitch_v the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v give_v out_o the_o court_n remove_v to_o madrid_n only_o to_o be_v near_o he_o when_o he_o return_v to_o court_n after_o his_o sickness_n the_o king_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o escalona_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o refuse_v to_o receive_v he_o the_o king_n go_v thither_o in_o person_n to_o deliver_v it_o to_o he_o the_o earl_n of_o armagnac_n flee_v into_o spain_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v kill_v because_o he_o private_o marry_v the_o earl_n of_o faux_n daughter_n without_o her_o father_n consent_n he_o be_v well_o receive_v by_o the_o king_n and_o soon_o after_o return_v into_o france_n the_o cardinal_n of_o albi_fw-la in_o that_o king_n name_n assure_v he_o his_o life_n but_o it_o prove_v fatal_a to_o he_o as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o the_o biscayner_n who_o have_v be_v long_o divide_v into_o the_o faction_n of_o one_o and_o gamboas_n about_o this_o time_n fall_v biscay_n into_o great_a confusion_n peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n earl_n of_o haro_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n to_o appease_v they_o which_o he_o soon_o do_v banish_v the_o two_o head_n of_o the_o faction_n call_v peter_n de_fw-fr avendano_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr moxica_fw-la pope_n paul_n ii_o grant_v a_o jubilee_n to_o all_o that_o give_v alm_n two_o three_o thereof_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o rebuild_v the_o church_n of_o segovia_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o his_o own_o use_n king_n henry_n go_v thither_o from_o madrid_n to_o gain_v this_o jubilee_n in_o portugal_n the_o duke_n of_o viseo_n die_v at_o setuva_n on_o the_o 8_o of_o september_n be_v 37_o year_n of_o age_n james_n his_o second_o son_n succeed_v he_o he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n francis_n in_o that_o city_n and_o thence_o translate_v to_o the_o church_n of_o the_o conception_n at_o beja_n which_o with_o the_o monastery_n of_o nun_n it_o belong_v to_o be_v build_v by_o his_o wife_n beatrix_n in_o valladolid_n the_o people_n mutinied_a and_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o those_o that_o be_v descend_v of_o jew_n though_o christian_n themselves_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o his_o queen_n can_v not_o quell_v they_o the_o party_n oppress_v implore_v the_o protection_n of_o king_n henry_n by_o which_o mean_v that_o city_n be_v reduce_v to_o his_o obedience_n the_o earl_n of_o benavente_n be_v leave_v to_o govern_v there_o and_o king_n ferdinand_z with_o his_o wife_n return_v to_o duenas_n there_o that_o queen_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o daughter_n of_o her_o own_o name_n ambassador_n come_v from_o france_n to_o press_v the_o marriage_n before_o treat_v of_o and_o it_o be_v now_o agree_v to_o all_o thing_n be_v conclude_v the_o marquis_n of_o santillana_n bring_v the_o princess_n joanna_n for_o which_o service_n and_o for_o have_v keep_v she_o the_o king_n give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o alcoçer_n valdolivas_fw-la and_o salmeron_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o countess_n of_o santistevan_n who_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o have_v the_o town_n of_o requena_n with_o all_o the_o duty_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v considerable_a because_o that_o place_n be_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o valencia_n a_o monastery_n of_o carthusian_n call_v paular_a between_o segovia_n and_o buytrago_n be_v the_o place_n
toledo_n thence_o he_o move_v to_o guadalajara_n upon_o no_o other_o design_n than_o to_o gain_v the_o family_n of_o the_o mendoça_v and_o alienate_v they_o from_o king_n henry_n and_o the_o master_n of_o santiago_n at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o several_a city_n mutiny_n be_v raise_v to_o destroy_v those_o that_o be_v descend_v from_o jew_n this_o storm_n break_v out_o first_o at_o cordova_n where_o the_o rabble_n without_o any_o fear_n of_o punishment_n commit_v great_a barbarity_n against_o those_o miserable_a people_n rob_v and_o murder_v great_a number_n of_o they_o some_o say_v this_o be_v a_o judgement_n upon_o they_o for_o that_o many_o have_v fall_v from_o the_o christian_a religion_n after_o embrace_v of_o it_o other_o town_n in_o andaluzia_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o cordova_n but_o the_o great_a violence_n be_v at_o jaen_n irançu_fw-fr the_o constable_n endeavour_v to_o protect_v those_o wretch_n the_o rage_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v such_o that_o they_o murder_v he_o in_o the_o church_n as_o he_o hear_v mass_n and_o the_o lady_n teresa_n his_o wife_n with_o her_o child_n have_v much_o difficulty_n to_o escape_v into_o the_o castle_n his_o honour_n be_v give_v to_o other_o the_o office_n of_o chancellor_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o siguença_n that_o of_o constable_n to_o peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n earl_n of_o haro_n in_o who_o family_n it_o have_v continue_v to_o this_o day_n whereas_o before_o it_o go_v from_o one_o family_n to_o another_o the_o death_n of_o irança_n be_v a_o great_a loss_n to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o singular_a valour_n and_o loyalty_n this_o loss_n d._n john_n pacheco_n master_n of_o santiago_n labour_v to_o make_v up_o some_o other_o way_n to_o this_o effect_n he_o send_v for_o henry_n duke_n of_o segorve_n out_o of_o arragon_n upon_o promise_n of_o give_v he_o the_o princess_n joanna_n to_o wife_n with_o he_o come_v his_o mother_n the_o lady_n beatrix_n pimentel_n the_o master_n himself_o go_v as_o far_o as_o requena_n to_o meet_v he_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o the_o match_n be_v break_v off_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o same_o master_n of_o santiago_n for_o that_o the_o person_n of_o the_o duke_n castille_n do_v not_o answer_v the_o expectation_n conceive_v of_o he_o and_o particular_o because_o he_o be_v haughty_a and_o when_o the_o nobility_n come_v to_o pay_v their_o respect_n stretch_v out_o his_o hand_n to_o be_v kiss_v beside_o the_o master_n be_v jealous_a that_o if_o he_o come_v to_o be_v king_n he_o will_v recover_v the_o town_n that_o have_v be_v his_o father_n these_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o disappoint_v he_o though_o it_o be_v give_v out_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o more_o powerful_a prince_n to_o quell_v all_o the_o tumult_n then_o in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n be_v unwilling_a to_o break_v his_o word_n and_o impose_v upon_o that_o prince_n but_o the_o master_n reply_v there_o will_v be_v need_n of_o much_o money_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war._n 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agree_v he_o shall_v remove_v to_o odon_n another_o village_n hard_o by_o for_o delay_v his_o marriage_n they_o pretend_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o expect_v the_o pope_n dispensation_n thus_o that_o prince_n be_v impose_v upon_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o misfortune_n be_v ever_o after_o call_v d._n henry_n fortuna_fw-la king_n henry_n go_v away_o to_o segovia_n to_o get_v money_n because_o andrew_n cabrera_n supply_v he_o slender_o to_o cross_v the_o master_n of_o santiago_n who_o he_o know_v aim_v at_o the_o government_n of_o that_o castle_n have_v before_o take_v from_o he_o that_o of_o madrid_n beside_o he_o favour_v king_n ferdinand_n and_o be_v marry_v to_o beatrix_n de_fw-fr bobadilla_n who_o have_v serve_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n the_o new_a cardinal_n revenue_n increase_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n archbishop_n of_o sevil_n be_v promote_v to_o that_o see_v and_o still_o retain_v siguença_n a_o thing_n then_o altogether_o new_a a_o 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through_o the_o enemy_n army_n and_o get_v into_o the_o town_n to_o bear_v his_o king_n company_n in_o that_o danger_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n three_o son_n d._n alonso_n be_v with_o his_o father_n the_o archbishop_n of_o zaragoça_n with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n throw_v himself_o into_o elna_n which_o be_v near_o perpignan_n to_o be_v ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n king_n ferdinand_n march_v with_o 400_o horse_n he_o gather_v in_o castille_n and_o 100_o he_o gather_v by_o the_o way_n with_o this_o force_n in_o june_n he_o sit_v down_o before_o ampurias_fw-la which_o so_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n that_o they_o soon_o raise_v their_o siege_n conclude_v a_o truce_n till_o october_n and_o clear_v that_o country_n thus_o the_o war_n be_v end_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n make_v his_o entry_n into_o barcelona_n in_o triumph_n under_o a_o canopy_n sit_v on_o a_o chariot_n cover_v with_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o draw_v by_o four_o white_a horse_n on_o both_o side_n of_o he_o 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of_o pisa_n one_o of_o the_o conspirator_n in_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o seigneury_n whither_o he_o go_v to_o exhort_v the_o people_n to_o defend_v their_o liberty_n without_o far_a process_n he_o hang_v he_o out_o of_o the_o window_n the_o cardinal_n of_o st._n george_n who_o be_v say_v to_o favour_v the_o conspirator_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n florence_n be_v excommunicate_v for_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o archbishop_n but_o the_o king_n of_o france_n interpose_v the_o city_n be_v absolve_v rather_o through_o fear_n than_o for_o any_o goodwill_n the_o pope_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n have_v also_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o florentine_n but_o now_o also_o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v and_o they_o be_v leave_v at_o liberty_n as_o they_o be_v before_o chap._n vii_o sardinia_n entire_o reduce_v the_o birth_n of_o john_n prince_n of_o castille_n the_o inquisition_n first_o settle_v in_o spain_n peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o france_n and_o castille_n the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n of_o arragon_n in_o sardinia_n the_o war_n continue_v hot_a and_o both_o party_n look_v for_o supply_n from_o abroad_o the_o genoeses_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v assist_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr oristan_n as_o their_o ancient_a ally_n forbear_v reduce_v because_o they_o have_v late_o conclude_v a_o truce_n at_o naples_n with_o the_o house_n of_o arragon_n fresh_a succour_n come_v daily_o to_o the_o royalist_n from_o arragon_n and_o sicily_n and_o at_o last_o the_o earl_n of_o cardona_n viceroy_n of_o sicily_n go_v over_o in_o person_n after_o several_a skirmish_n the_o two_o army_n meet_v near_o a_o castle_n call_v machomera_n there_o the_o battle_n be_v give_v in_o which_o the_o marquis_n be_v kill_v and_o his_o army_n rout_v artal_a his_o son_n endeavour_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n in_o a_o boat_n be_v take_v by_o two_o aragonian_a galley_n and_o carry_v prisoner_n into_o spain_n by_o villamarin_n the_o admiral_n he_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o xativa_n and_o all_o his_o estate_n which_o be_v considerable_a as_o well_o in_o sardinta_n as_o the_o continent_n confiscate_v particular_o the_o marquisates_n of_o oristan_n and_o gociano_n be_v for_o ever_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o add_v to_o the_o other_o regal_a title_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v on_o the_o 19_o of_o may._n thus_o that_o island_n which_o have_v be_v so_o long_o contend_v for_o be_v at_o last_o whole_o subdue_v by_o the_o arragonian_n king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n though_o the_o affair_n of_o andaluzia_n be_v not_o altogether_o settle_v and_o his_o queen_n be_v with_o child_n return_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n for_o two_o reason_n the_o first_o to_o reduce_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o persuade_v he_o not_o to_o call_v in_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n again_o the_o other_o to_o revive_v the_o association_n of_o the_o town_n against_o robber_n and_o outlaw_n which_o decay_v much_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o keep_v soldidier_n in_o pay_n to_o this_o effect_n the_o cortes_n be_v hold_v at_o madrid_n where_o the_o association_n be_v continue_v for_o three_o year_n long_o nothing_o can_v be_v conclude_v with_o the_o archbishop_n though_o endeavour_n be_v use_v to_o satisfy_v he_o there_o have_v be_v no_o design_n of_o kill_v he_o after_o the_o cortes_n break_v up_o king_n ferdinand_n return_v to_o sevil_n the_o queen_n earnest_o desire_v it_o because_o she_o be_v near_o her_o time_n thither_o come_v ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o granada_n to_o desire_v the_o truce_n may_v be_v renew_v which_o be_v refuse_v unless_o beside_o do_v homage_n he_o will_v pay_v the_o tribute_n use_v former_o the_o king_n send_v ambassador_n to_o granada_n to_o treat_v of_o it_o and_o the_o moor_n answer_v that_o the_o king_n who_o use_v to_o pay_v that_o tribute_n be_v dead_a many_o year_n before_o and_o that_o at_o present_a in_o the_o mint_n of_o granada_n no_o gold_n or_o silver_n be_v coin_v but_o instead_o of_o it_o they_o make_v 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oppose_v it_o design_v that_o church_n for_o the_o cardinal_n of_o spain_n who_o at_o last_o carry_v it_o such_o another_o debate_n happen_v about_o the_o see_v of_o cuenca_n in_o which_o the_o king_n also_o prevail_v a_o bull_n be_v also_o grant_v by_o which_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o nominate_v their_o bishop_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n for_o ever_o four_o year_n before_o another_o bull_n have_v be_v obtain_v which_o exclude_v for_o the_o future_a all_o stranger_n from_o reversion_n of_o bishopric_n james_n saldana_n ambassador_n from_o king_n henry_n at_o rome_n procure_v it_o he_o go_v to_o portugal_n with_o the_o princess_n joanna_n and_o from_o he_o be_v descend_v a_o noble_a family_n there_o of_o his_o name_n f._n alonso_n de_fw-fr burgos_n bishop_n of_o palencia_n build_v at_o valladolid_n the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o st._n paul_n of_o his_o
the_o portuguese_n because_o on_o the_o 24_o of_o february_n they_o have_v receive_v a_o great_a overthrow_n near_o albufera_n two_o league_n from_o merida_n by_o the_o force_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o master_n of_o santiago_n the_o slaughter_n be_v so_o great_a that_o few_o escape_v to_o merida_n which_o as_o be_v portuguese_n say_v hold_v for_o the_o countess_n of_o medellin_n in_o this_o battle_n the_o master_n and_o other_o officer_n signalise_v themselves_o and_o among_o they_o james_n de_fw-fr vera_fw-la who_o kill_v the_o portague_n standard-bearer_n and_o take_v the_o royal_a standard_n as_o a_o reward_n the_o master_n have_v the_o pension_n of_o 3_o million_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v out_o of_o the_o mastership_n remit_v and_o other_o favour_n be_v bestow_v upon_o james_n de_fw-fr vera_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n the_o lady_n beatrix_n duchess_n of_o viseo_n aunt_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o mother-in-law_n to_o john_n prince_n of_o portugal_n take_v upon_o she_o to_o compose_v difference_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v in_o haste_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o his_o new_a kingdom_n and_o the_o more_o for_o that_o the_o arragonian_n to_o curb_v the_o navarrois_fw-mi who_o have_v take_v some_o strong_a hold_v on_o their_o frontier_n have_v assemble_v the_o cortes_n without_o acquaint_v he_o which_o action_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o know_a law_n of_o that_o kingdom_n therefore_o the_o king_n leave_v queen_n elizabeth_n to_o conclude_v the_o peace_n with_o her_o aunt_n alcantara_n be_v the_o place_n agree_v upon_o betwixt_o they_o arragon_n two_o for_o their_o meeting_n this_o do_v the_o king_n go_v to_o pay_v his_o devotion_n at_o guadalupe_n and_o thence_o by_o the_o way_n of_o santollalla_n heriza_n and_o calataynd_v to_o arragon_n he_o make_v his_o public_a entry_n into_o zaragoça_n on_o the_o 28_o of_o june_n with_o great_a state_n and_o the_o general_a applause_n of_o the_o people_n who_o go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o next_o he_o go_v luis_n naya_n the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n the_o king_n be_v rich_o clothe_v and_o under_o a_o canopy_n and_o the_o people_n with_o loud_a acclamation_n wish_v he_o a_o long_a and_o happy_a reign_n there_o he_o spend_v some_o time_n in_o hear_v the_o complaint_n of_o all_o that_o think_v themselves_o aggrieve_v soon_o after_o he_o go_v to_o barcelona_n where_o he_o make_v proposal_n about_o recover_v russillon_n and_o cerdagne_n but_o it_o take_v not_o effect_v then_o yet_o four_o judge_n be_v appoint_v to_o determine_v all_o difference_n betwixt_o france_n and_o arragon_n as_o have_v be_v agree_v at_o bayonne_n from_o barcelona_n the_o king_n go_v on_o to_o valencia_n there_o he_o be_v splendid_o receive_v as_o in_o other_o place_n and_o apply_v himself_o to_o pacify_v certain_a tumult_n occasion_v by_o d._n ximeno_n de_fw-fr urrea_n viscount_n de_fw-fr viota_n who_o have_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n seize_v d._n jayme_n de_fw-fr pallas_n viscount_n chelva_n and_o his_o wife_n on_o pretence_n that_o chelva_n and_o mançanera_n possess_v by_o the_o say_v d._n jayme_n belong_v to_o he_o by_o the_o king_n command_n both_o party_n lay_v down_o their_o arms._n afterward_o when_o the_o suit_n have_v depend_v three_o year_n the_o judge_n offend_v at_o the_o insolency_n of_o d._n ximeno_n in_o presume_v to_o use_v force_n give_v sentence_n against_o he_o and_o adjudge_v those_o town_n to_o his_o adversary_n d._n jayme_n de_fw-fr pallas_n chap._n ix_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n the_o turk_n get_v foot_v in_o italy_n and_o be_v again_o expel_v king_n alonso_n of_o portugal_n die_v henry_n the_o late_a king_n of_o castille_n his_o grant_n vacate_v by_o the_o cortes_n prince_n john_n son_n to_z king_n ferdinand_z swear_v heir_n of_o castille_n queen_n elizabeth_n and_o her_o aunt_n the_o duchess_n of_o viseo_n meet_v as_o have_v be_v agree_v at_o alcantara_n portugal_n and_o after_o some_o day_n spend_v in_o debate_v fix_v upon_o these_o article_n that_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n shall_v not_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o castille_n nor_o give_v the_o arm_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o king_n ferdinand_n shall_v do_v the_o same_o in_o respect_n to_o portugal_n that_o prince_n john_n son_n to_z king_n ferdinand_z as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v of_o age_n shall_v marry_v the_o princess_n joanna_n that_o in_o case_n prince_n john_n when_o at_o age_n shall_v dislike_v that_o marriage_n than_o his_o father_n and_o mother_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v 100000_o ducat_n to_o the_o princess_n joanna_n that_o if_o she_o think_v the_o time_n too_o long_o to_o stay_v she_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o become_v a_o nun._n that_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n shall_v be_v marry_v to_o alonso_n grandson_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n that_o the_o disaffect_v noble_n of_o castille_n shall_v not_o be_v protect_v in_o portugal_n that_o the_o conquest_n and_o discovery_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o in_o the_o ocean_n shall_v entire_o appertain_v to_o portugal_n last_o that_o for_o security_n of_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o princess_n joanna_n and_o elizabeth_n and_o prince_n alonso_n shall_v be_v deliver_v as_o hostage_n to_o the_o duchess_n of_o viseo_n to_o be_v by_o she_o keep_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o mora_n and_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n on_o his_o part_n to_o deliver_v up_o to_o her_o four_o other_o castle_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o that_o tedious_a and_o expensive_a war._n great_a rejoice_v and_o thanksgiving_n be_v throughout_o all_o spain_n for_o the_o peace_n king_n ferdinand_n from_o valencia_n where_o he_o receive_v this_o joyful_a news_n return_v to_o toledo_n about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n there_o queen_n elizabeth_n his_o wife_n expect_v he_o and_o their_o joy_n be_v redouble_v by_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o princess_n joanna_n who_o heaven_n have_v decree_v to_o inherit_v the_o kingdom_n of_o her_o ancestor_n soon_o after_o the_o other_o princess_n joanna_n daughter_n to_o king_n henry_n perceive_v how_o she_o be_v impose_v upon_o become_v a_o nun_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n clare_n at_o coimbra_n where_o she_o lead_v a_o virtuous_a life_n and_o persevere_v till_o her_o death_n nevertheless_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n and_o prince_n alonso_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o duchess_n of_o viseo_n according_a to_o article_n the_o countess_n of_o medellin_n and_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr monroy_n submit_v as_o do_v other_o noble_n of_o castille_n who_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a support_n of_o portugal_n the_o marquis_n of_o villena_n his_o former_a article_n be_v somewhat_o alter_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n favour_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1480._o by_o this_o new_a contract_n the_o marquis_n be_v leave_v possess_v of_o escalona_n belmonte_n villena_n 1480._o and_o almansa_n the_o other_o town_n of_o his_o fell_a to_o the_o king_n necessity_n oblige_v he_o to_o submit_v to_o these_o hard_a term_n in_o january_n die_v renee_n duke_n of_o anjou_n in_o france_n a_o prince_n no_o less_o famous_a for_o his_o ill_a fortune_n than_o long_a life_n till_o the_o last_o he_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o arragon_n sicily_n and_o jerusalem_n all_o empty_a title_n in_o his_o will_n he_o appoint_v his_o nephew_n charles_n his_o heir_n to_o renee_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n his_o grandson_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n he_o leave_v the_o duchy_n of_o bar_n which_o he_o possess_v in_o france_n at_o toledo_n the_o cortes_n of_o castille_n be_v assemble_v great_a number_n of_o people_n resort_v thither_o and_o many_o grievance_n be_v lay_v before_o they_o the_o country_n complain_v that_o the_o nobility_n oppress_v the_o poor_a and_o devour_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o heavy_a tax_n be_v daily_o impose_v upon_o the_o people_n commissioner_n be_v appoint_v to_o inspect_v into_o this_o affair_n and_o they_o have_v consider_v of_o it_o declare_v that_o all_o grant_v make_v by_o king_n cortes_n henry_n or_o extort_a by_o force_n aught_o to_o be_v void_a yet_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n and_o magistrate_n be_v not_o of_o force_n to_o curb_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o may_v all_o the_o three_o estate_n swear_v prince_n john_n heir_n of_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o parent_n now_o castille_n be_v thus_o settle_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n go_v first_o to_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n and_o then_o to_o valladolid_n where_o some_o nobleman_n receive_v exemplary_a punishment_n for_o crime_n commit_v which_o terrify_v other_o galicia_n be_v not_o perfect_o reduce_v that_o be_v a_o fierce_a sort_n of_o people_n the_o city_n lugo_n orense_n mondonedo_n bivero_n and_o coruna_n will_v not_o submit_v ferdinand_n de_fw-fr acuna_n and_o a_o civilian_n call_v garcia_n chinchilla_n be_v send_v to_o
that_o he_o have_v kill_v 90_o christian_n by_o the_o way_n who_o lie_v very_o secure_a upon_o sierra_n nevada_n the_o citizen_n with_o great_a acclamation_n proclaim_v he_o king_n albohazen_a at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o mutiny_n go_v away_o to_o almunecar_o where_o his_o treasure_n lay_v there_o his_o cruel_a brother_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v murder_v only_o to_o secure_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n he_o have_v usurp_v king_n ferdinand_n though_o many_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o soldier_n who_o be_v harass_v with_o the_o late_a expedition_n ought_v to_o rest_v command_v the_o army_n to_o rendezvous_n at_o alcala_n real_a because_o that_o town_n be_v upon_o the_o frontier_n and_o go_v himself_o thither_o from_o cordcua_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o september_n notwithstanding_o the_o heat_n be_v excessive_a that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v natural_o hot_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o spain_n the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la desire_v to_o signalise_v himself_o beg_v he_o may_v first_o enter_v the_o moorish_a territory_n as_o he_o do_v with_o 700_o horse_n and_o 3000_o foot_n he_o be_v order_v to_o take_v with_o he_o martin_n alonso_n de_fw-fr montemayor_n and_o to_o sit_v down_o before_o moclin_n a_o strong_a town_n near_o granada_n the_o king_n promise_v to_o back_v they_o with_o the_o whole_a army_n the_o earl_n march_v day_n and_o night_n to_o surprise_v the_o new_a king_n albohardil_n who_o he_o understand_v be_v quarter_v near_o that_o place_n with_o 1500_o horse_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o foot_n this_o design_n be_v discover_v defeat_v to_o the_o moor_n he_o remove_v to_o a_o hill_n and_o at_o break_v of_o day_n fall_v upon_o the_o christian_n in_o certain_a defile_v with_o such_o fury_n that_o the_o best_a soldier_n be_v kill_v and_o most_o of_o the_o foot_n the_o earl_n lose_v his_o brother_n gonçalo_n and_o he_o with_o a_o few_o horse_n flee_v towards_o the_o way_n where_o he_o expect_v to_o meet_v garzi_n lopez_n de_fw-fr padilla_n master_n of_o calatrava_n who_o follow_v those_o that_o have_v advance_v before_o this_o loss_n so_o trouble_v king_n ferdinand_n that_o he_o retire_v for_o some_o time_n on_o the_o frontier_n near_o jaen_n be_v two_o town_n and_o castle_n call_v cambil_n and_o albahar_n the_o river_n frio_n run_v betwixt_o they_o and_o though_o small_a be_v difficult_a to_o be_v wade_v because_o of_o its_o high_a bank_n both_o these_o place_n be_v besiege_v albahar_n be_v beyond_o the_o river_n and_o near_o it_o be_v a_o hill_n that_o command_v it_o on_o which_o the_o king_n though_o with_o much_o labour_n cause_v the_o cannon_n to_o be_v plant_v this_o so_o terrify_v the_o moor_n that_o they_o surrender_v both_o town_n and_o castle_n on_o the_o 23d_o of_o september_n be_v the_o very_a day_n on_o which_o they_o be_v lose_v 120_o year_n before_o after_o this_o the_o king_n put_v the_o army_n into_o winter_n quarter_n and_o go_v himself_o with_o the_o queen_n to_o alcala_n de_fw-fr henares_n during_o this_o expedition_n die_v d._n alonso_z de_fw-fr arragon_n duke_z de_fw-fr villahermosa_fw-la the_o king_n brother_n a_o brave_a commander_n his_o body_n be_v deposit_v at_o baeça_n and_o thence_o translate_v to_o poplete_a the_o burial-place_n of_o his_o ancestor_n of_o he_o be_v descend_v the_o duke_n of_o villahermosa_fw-la and_o earl_n of_o ribagorça_n in_o toledo_n the_o inquisition_n severe_o punish_v those_o who_o renounce_v the_o christian_a faith_n become_v jew_n a_o great_a number_n of_o those_o people_n who_o be_v reconcile_v and_o implore_a mercy_n be_v pardon_v they_o be_v now_o call_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr gracia_n that_o be_v the_o people_n of_o grace_n the_o nobility_n of_o naples_n have_v now_o raise_v a_o bloody_a war_n against_o their_o king_n ferdinand_n upon_o the_o usual_a pretence_n pope_n innocent_a favour_v they_o but_o it_o be_v rather_o in_o word_n than_o effect_v for_o he_o naples_n be_v ancient_a and_o otherwise_o employ_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o conspirator_n be_v the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n basigniano_n and_o altamura_n as_o also_o the_o marquis_n del_fw-it gasto_n it_o be_v report_v that_o frederick_n the_o king_n son_n underhand_o support_v the_o rebel_n but_o this_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v the_o wicked_a life_n of_o alonso_n duke_n of_o calabria_n the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n be_v one_o great_a motive_n of_o this_o revolt_n the_o king_n resolve_v to_o reduce_v the_o rebel_n rather_o by_o policy_n than_o force_n and_o therefore_o give_v his_o general_n pardon_v to_o all_o the_o mutineer_n king_n ferdinand_n of_o spain_n also_o send_v the_o earl_n of_o tendilla_n his_o ambassador_n to_o engage_v to_o those_o nobleman_n for_o their_o safety_n provide_v they_o lay_v down_o their_o arms._n but_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o storm_n be_v over_o make_v no_o account_n of_o those_o promise_n and_o at_o several_a time_n as_o occasion_v serve_v seize_v the_o head_n of_o the_o rebellion_n and_o put_v they_o all_o to_o death_n king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n cease_v not_o to_o protest_v against_o those_o proceed_n but_o he_o of_o naples_n cease_v not_o to_o proceed_v in_o cut_v off_o his_o enemy_n which_o prove_v fatal_a to_o he_o at_o last_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o its_o place_n let_v we_o turn_v back_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o december_n queen_n elizabeth_n at_o aloala_n de_fw-fr henares_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o daughter_n call_v catherine_n well_o know_v in_o the_o world_n as_o wife_n to_o two_o brother_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o for_o her_o great_a suffering_n cause_v by_o the_o inordinate_a lust_n and_o infidelity_n of_o her_o husband_n which_o also_o draw_v great_a calamity_n upon_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n their_o sin_n and_o rebellion_n draw_v judgement_n upon_o they_o richard_n iii_o have_v murder_v his_o two_o nephew_n edward_n and_o richard_n the_o rightful_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n usurp_v the_o kingdom_n he_o govern_v like_o a_o tyrant_n and_o end_v according_o henry_n earl_n of_o richmond_n who_o have_v be_v a_o prisoner_n in_o brittany_n have_v obtain_v his_o liberty_n overthrow_v the_o tyrant_n in_o battle_n and_o kill_v he_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o secure_v the_o crown_n to_o himself_o this_o henry_n have_v a_o son_n call_v henry_n like_o himself_o who_o be_v the_o eight_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o england_n and_o famous_a for_o his_o incontinency_n for_o put_v away_o catherine_n his_o wife_n and_o for_o disow_v the_o supremacy_n of_o the_o pope_n beside_o many_o other_o crime_n which_o have_v leave_v a_o indelible_a stain_n upon_o his_o name_n chap._n v._o the_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n several_a town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n a_o sedition_n in_o galicia_n king_n albohardil_n attack_n the_o castle_n call_v albaizin_v in_o granada_n and_o be_v repulse_v azamor_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n deliver_v to_o the_o portuguese_n some_o small_a tumult_n happen_v in_o arragon_n but_o those_o in_o catalonia_n be_v more_o dangerous_a yet_o catalonia_n the_o prudence_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n overcome_v they_o all_o the_o city_n zaragoça_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o plain_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n and_o be_v in_o beauty_n riches_n and_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n almost_o equal_a to_o the_o best_a in_o spain_n this_o place_n have_v often_o mutinied_a in_o defence_n of_o its_o privilege_n as_o it_o happen_v at_o this_o time_n john_n de_fw-fr burgos_n the_o king_n be_v alguazil_n give_v some_o ill_a language_n to_o peter_n cerdan_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o alderman_n and_o head_n of_o their_o counsel_n other_o come_v in_o apprehend_v the_o alguazil_n try_v condemn_v and_o hang_v he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a affront_n to_o the_o king_n he_o be_v then_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o enter_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n with_o his_o army_n and_o therefore_o send_v order_n to_o john_n hernandez_n de_fw-fr heredia_n supreme_a governor_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o punish_v all_o that_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o that_o affair_n with_o the_o utmost_a rigour_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n tell_v the_o deputy_n send_v by_o the_o city_n that_o no_o harm_n shall_v be_v do_v for_o he_o be_v expert_a in_o dissemble_v the_o head_n of_o the_o alderman_n can_v not_o be_v apprehend_v because_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o arragon_n protect_v he_o but_o martin_n pertusa_n who_o be_v the_o next_o and_o have_v be_v very_o active_a in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o alguazil_n be_v sudden_o execute_v the_o king_n letter_n be_v carry_v before_o he_o upon_o a_o spear_n to_o awe_v the_o people_n who_o be_v ready_a to_o rescue_v he_o this_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o the_o other_o and_o so_o the_o sedition_n be_v appease_v soon_o after_o another_o tumult_n happen_v upon_o account_n of_o a_o more_o heinous_a crime_n than_o the_o last_o peter_n arbuc_n be_v inquisitor_n in_o that_o city_n and_o punish_v
governor_n have_v consult_v his_o king_n who_o be_v at_o guadix_fw-la though_o he_o may_v have_v hold_v out_o much_o long_o surrender_v the_o city_n when_o least_o the_o christian_n expect_v it_o on_o the_o four_o of_o december_n the_o capitulation_n be_v sign_v and_o the_o day_n follow_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n enter_v the_o city_n in_o triumphant_a manner_n james_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n lieutenant_n of_o caçorla_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o cardinal_n of_o spain_n be_v make_v governor_n this_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o moor_n that_o many_o town_n surrender_v give_v hostage_n and_o furnish_v corn_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n among_o these_o the_o chief_a be_v taverna_n and_o seron_n what_o be_v more_o wonderful_a the_o city_n guadix_fw-la and_o almeria_n either_o of_o which_o may_v have_v endure_v a_o long_a siege_n submit_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n king_n albohardil_n himself_o consent_v to_o it_o and_o come_v out_o of_o almeria_n to_o meet_v king_n ferdinand_n in_o the_o camp_n by_o who_o he_o be_v splendid_o entertain_v beside_o two_o strong_a castle_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n be_v take_v the_o one_o call_v almunecar_o in_o which_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n use_v to_o be_v keep_v the_o other_o be_v solobrena_n where_o the_o brother_n and_o son_n of_o the_o king_n use_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o nature_n or_o prisoner_n francis_n ramirez_n general_n of_o the_o artillery_n who_o have_v behave_v himself_o brave_o upon_o several_a occasion_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o that_o castle_n after_o perform_v such_o great_a action_n a_o review_n of_o the_o army_n be_v take_v on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n precede_v the_o year_n 1490_o and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o muster_n roll_v 20000_o man_n be_v lose_v 3000_o of_o they_o kill_v by_o the_o moor_n the_o rest_n consume_v by_o sickness_n many_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n be_v freeze_v to_o 1490._o death_n king_n ferdinand_n let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n of_o pull_v down_o the_o totter_a kingdom_n of_o the_o moor_n gutierre_n de_fw-fr cardenas_n chief_a commendary_a of_o leon_n who_o do_v great_a service_n during_o this_o submit_v war_n conclude_v the_o treaty_n with_o the_o unfortunate_a moorish_a king_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o capitulation_n he_o have_v the_o town_n of_o fandaraa_n on_o the_o mountain_n of_o granada_n with_o all_o its_o dependency_n amount_v to_o the_o yearly_o value_v of_o 10000_o ducat_n allow_v he_o for_o his_o maintenance_n a_o small_a recompense_n for_o a_o kingdom_n but_o good_a enough_o for_o he_o who_o begin_v his_o reign_n with_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o brother_n the_o new_a conquer_a moor_n be_v allow_v to_o keep_v their_o land_n and_o possession_n but_o not_o to_o live_v within_o city_n lest_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o power_n of_o fortify_v themselves_o and_o rebel_a for_o which_o cause_n they_o be_v all_o disarm_v these_o condition_n be_v proclaim_v at_o guadix_fw-la this_o do_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n go_v away_o to_o ecija_n and_o thence_o to_o sevil._n all_o place_n by_o the_o way_n receive_v they_o as_o if_o they_o have_v drop_v from_o heaven_n foreign_a prince_n move_v by_o the_o fame_n of_o these_o great_a action_n send_v to_o congratulate_v with_o they_o and_o seek_v their_o friendship_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n in_o prosecution_n of_o what_o have_v be_v before_o treat_v desire_v portugal_n to_o marry_v his_o son_n alonso_n to_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n as_o a_o sure_a bond_n of_o friendship_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n he_o send_v ambassador_n to_o this_o purpose_n and_o the_o match_n be_v agree_v upon_o at_o sevil_n on_o the_o 18_o of_o april_n there_o be_v great_a rejoice_v on_o this_o account_n in_o both_o kingdom_n but_o less_o in_o portugal_n because_o the_o follow_a month_n the_o princess_n joanna_n sister_n to_o that_o king_n die_v at_o aveiro_n unmarried_a neither_o be_v the_o joy_n of_o castille_n last_v though_o the_o princess_n from_o constantina_n set_v out_o for_o portugal_n upon_o the_o 11_o of_o november_n a_o great_a number_n of_o nobility_n bear_v her_o company_n and_o she_o be_v deliver_v up_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n caya_n which_o run_v between_o badajoz_n and_o elvas_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o portuguese_n that_o come_v to_o receive_v she_o be_v duke_n emanuel_n who_o afterward_o marry_v that_o princess_n and_o inherit_v the_o crown_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o his_o son_n come_v to_o estremez_n and_o the_o more_o to_o honour_v the_o bride_n seat_v she_o between_o they_o the_o king_n be_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n there_o they_o be_v marry_v on_o the_o 24_o of_o november_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o braga_n primate_n of_o all_o portugal_n the_o rejoice_v continue_v for_o half_a a_o year_n at_o ebora_n and_o santarem_n whither_o the_o prince_n and_o princess_n go_v all_o this_o joy_n be_v turn_v into_o sorrow_n by_o a_o unthought-of_a accident_n the_o king_n go_v out_o to_o take_v the_o air_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o father_n river_n tagus_n prince_n alonso_n who_o be_v with_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o run_v a_o race_n with_o john_n de_fw-fr meneses_n in_o the_o course_n the_o horse_n stumble_v and_o fall_v so_o bruise_v the_o prince_n that_o he_o soon_o die_v it_o be_v needless_a to_o represent_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o parent_n and_o wife_n grief_n his_o body_n be_v bury_v with_o the_o usual_a pomp_n among_o his_o ancestor_n the_o princess_n elizabeth_n no_o soon_o a_o wife_n than_o a_o widow_n return_v to_o castille_n in_o a_o mourn_a litter_n grief_n cast_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n into_o a_o linger_a disease_n of_o which_o he_o die_v 4_o year_n after_o he_o found_v the_o royal_a hospital_n at_o lisbon_n and_o lay_v the_o first_o stone_n of_o it_o he_o leave_v no_o issue_n male_a lawful_o beget_v only_a d._n george_n who_o he_o have_v by_o the_o lady_n ann_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n and_o who_o though_o but_o a_o child_n he_o leave_v master_n of_o avis_n and_o santiago_n in_o portugal_n after_o his_o death_n a_o new_a line_n of_o king_n begin_v emanuel_n cousin_n german_n to_o the_o decease_a king_n and_o son_n to_o ferdinand_n duke_n of_o viseo_n inherit_v the_o crown_n john_n iii_o be_v son_n to_o this_o king_n and_o prince_n john_n his_o grandson_n who_o die_v young_a inherit_v not_o the_o crown_n therefore_o king_n sebastian_n son_n to_o the_o prince_n succeed_v he_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o moor_n in_o africa_n leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n first_o to_o cardinal_n henry_n his_o great_a uncle_n and_o after_o he_o to_o philip_n ii_o king_n of_o castille_n who_o be_v also_o nephew_n to_o the_o cardinal_n and_o grandson_n to_o king_n emanuel_n by_o his_o mother_n elizabeth_n the_o empress_n let_v we_o leave_v this_o and_o return_v to_o the_o war_n of_o granada_n king_n ferdinand_n earnest_o desire_v to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n which_o be_v so_o well_o advance_v beside_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o city_n granada_n and_o that_o it_o be_v abundant_o furnish_v with_o all_o necessary_n another_o great_a difficulty_n perplex_v the_o king_n which_o be_v that_o his_o word_n people_n be_v engage_v to_o king_n boabdil_n that_o neither_o he_o nor_o he_o shall_v be_v prejudice_v by_o he_o a_o opportunity_n offer_v itself_o of_o subdue_a that_o city_n without_o breach_n of_o faith_n the_o citizen_n without_o regard_v the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o from_o abroad_o besiege_v their_o king_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o albaycin_n and_o press_v he_o so_o hard_o that_o scarce_o any_o hope_n be_v leave_v of_o save_v himself_o the_o furious_a multitude_n threaten_v never_o to_o desist_v till_o they_o have_v his_o life_n it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a to_o forsake_v that_o unhappy_a prince_n when_o he_o beg_v relief_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n threaten_v that_o if_o king_n ferdinand_n do_v not_o give_v over_o persecute_v the_o moor_n he_o will_v put_v to_o death_n all_o the_o christian_n in_o egypt_n and_o syria_n f._n anthony_n milan_n guardian_n of_o the_o franciscan_a convent_n at_o jerusalem_n send_v by_o the_o sultan_n with_o this_o message_n by_o the_o way_n visit_v the_o king_n of_o naples_n and_o come_v thence_o into_o spain_n deliver_v his_o embassy_n bring_v also_o a_o letter_n from_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n who_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o great_a friend_n to_o the_o moor_n than_o become_v a_o christian_a prince_n he_o advise_v king_n ferdinand_n since_o the_o moor_n have_v do_v he_o no_o wrong_n not_o to_o oppress_v they_o only_o upon_o account_n of_o religion_n which_o may_v occasion_v great_a harm_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v no_o way_n discourage_v at_o the_o threat_n of_o the_o sultan_n nor_o approve_v of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n his_o advice_n yet_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v he_o send_v peter_n martyr_n his_o
ambassador_n to_o the_o sultan_n to_o appease_v he_o he_o also_o before_o he_o enter_v upon_o the_o war_n again_o send_v his_o reason_n for_o so_o do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n the_o guardian_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o character_n as_o ambassador_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o his_o sanctity_n be_v noble_o treat_v and_o dismiss_v with_o rich_a present_n king_n ferdinand_n offer_v the_o citizen_n of_o granada_n if_o they_o will_v submit_v they_o shall_v be_v treat_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o other_o that_o have_v do_v so_o before_o this_o move_v both_o the_o faction_n in_o that_o city_n to_o join_v in_o order_n to_o oppose_v the_o common_a enemy_n for_o the_o moorish_a king_n be_v convince_v that_o king_n ferdinand_n though_o he_o pretend_v to_o be_v his_o friend_n will_v never_o desist_v till_o he_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n the_o alfaquy_n and_o other_o hold_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o sanctity_n cease_v not_o to_o advise_v that_o either_o for_o obtain_v peace_n or_o support_v the_o war_n it_o be_v requisite_a they_o shall_v be_v unite_v thus_o the_o moor_n be_v bring_v to_o agree_v among_o themselves_o king_n ferdinand_n leave_v the_o queen_n at_o moclin_n waste_v all_o the_o plain_a of_o granada_n destroy_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o the_o waste_v great_a grief_n of_o the_o infidel_n who_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v reduce_v by_o famine_n prince_n john_n bear_v his_o father_n company_n in_o this_o expedition_n be_v new_o knight_v by_o he_o they_o return_v to_o cordova_n with_o the_o booty_n the_o command_n of_o the_o frontier_n be_v give_v to_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n in_o requital_n for_o a_o brother_n he_o lose_v in_o the_o war_n and_o that_o his_o own_o right_a arm_n be_v lame_a of_o a_o wound_n he_o receive_v rescue_v one_o of_o his_o man_n scarce_o be_v the_o christian_n depart_v when_o king_n boabdil_n take_v the_o castle_n alhendin_n where_o we_o have_v a_o garrison_n and_o raze_v it_o the_o king_n revenge_v this_o in_o september_n when_o he_o spend_v 15_o day_n in_o destroy_v all_o the_o latter_a corn_n on_o which_o the_o moor_n hope_v to_o feed_v the_o follow_a year_n the_o moor_n at_o guadix_fw-la mutinied_a and_o think_v to_o have_v destroy_v the_o garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n but_o fail_v and_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n come_v with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n turn_v they_o out_o of_o the_o city_n which_o prevent_v any_o disorder_n for_o the_o future_a k._n ferdinand_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n again_o ravage_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o granada_n boabdil_n besiege_v salobreria_n which_o francis_n ramirez_n defend_v with_o much_o bravery_n the_o moor_n believe_v king_n ferdinand_n will_v relieve_v the_o place_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o return_v to_o granada_n because_o the_o subject_n of_o abohardil_n mutinied_a and_o will_v not_o obey_v he_o king_n ferdinand_z according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v capitulate_v permit_v he_o to_o go_v over_o into_o africa_n with_o great_a riches_n he_o give_v he_o in_o lieu_n of_o what_o he_o leave_v behind_o chap._n ix_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n now_o effectual_o renew_v the_o description_n of_o the_o city_n granada_n king_n ferdinand_n lay_v siege_n to_o it_o and_o build_v a_o town_n for_o his_o army_n to_o quarter_n in_o during_o the_o siege_n to_o show_v his_o resolution_n not_o to_o depart_v without_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n spend_v the_o winter_n at_o sevil_n and_o in_o the_o spring_n renew_v the_o war._n the_o queen_n stay_v behind_o at_o alcala_n real_a with_o her_o child_n to_o furnish_v all_o thing_n necessary_a renew_v and_o soon_o after_o to_o follow_v and_o take_v part_n of_o the_o honour_n and_o danger_n of_o that_o enterprise_n all_o the_o nobility_n come_v in_o person_n and_o the_o city_n send_v troop_n upon_o their_o own_o cost_n with_o which_o and_o the_o other_o force_v king_n ferdinand_n in_o three_o day_n appear_v in_o sight_n of_o granada_n upon_o saturday_n the_o 23d_o of_o april_n 1491._o he_o encamp_v at_o guetar_n a_o village_n a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o granada_n thence_o he_o send_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n with_o 3000_o horse_n to_o scour_v the_o neighbour_a mountain_n 1491._o promise_v to_o follow_v he_o with_o the_o whole_a army_n to_o relieve_v he_o in_o case_n the_o mountain-moor_n who_o be_v bold_a and_o dare_a shall_v fall_v upon_o he_o or_o those_o of_o the_o city_n offer_v to_o cut_v off_o his_o retreat_n according_o he_o advance_v to_o padul_a and_o repulse_v the_o moor_n of_o the_o city_n who_o think_v to_o fall_v upon_o the_o marquess_n rear_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o marquis_n be_v leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o execute_v his_o order_n burn_v 9_o village_n of_o the_o infidel_n and_o return_v to_o the_o king_n load_v with_o plunder_n this_o beginning_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o good_a omen_n of_o future_a success_n they_o advance_v together_o to_o ravage_v the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o mountain_n which_o they_o do_v successful_o plunder_v and_o burn_v 15_o other_o village_n beside_o they_o defeat_v a_o body_n of_o moorish_a horse_n and_o foot_n who_o have_v secure_v the_o pass_n against_o our_o army_n the_o booty_n be_v very_o considerable_a that_o country_n be_v very_o rich_a because_o untouched_a till_o that_o time_n be_v natural_o strong_a and_o well_o guard_v as_o be_v requisite_a the_o city_n be_v supply_v there_o with_o provision_n all_o this_o be_v perform_v without_o any_o loss_n or_o bloodshed_n the_o army_n return_v to_o its_o first_o quarter_n there_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o for_o the_o present_a they_o muster_v 10000_o horse_n and_o 40000_o foot_n the_o very_a flower_n of_o the_o spanish_a soldiery_n be_v all_o man_n of_o try_a valour_n and_o expert_a soldier_n in_o the_o city_n be_v also_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o all_o of_o they_o good_a soldier_n be_v the_o remain_v of_o all_o the_o late_a war_n the_o 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the_o force_n of_o france_n and_o milan_n from_o pass_v out_o of_o romania_n the_o king_n of_o france_n pass_v the_o alps_n and_o on_o the_o 9th_o of_o september_n come_v to_o aste_n the_o bound_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n and_o then_o possess_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n who_o be_v in_o that_o expedition_n and_o pretend_v a_o right_n to_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n d._n alonso_n the_o spanish_a ambassador_n be_v very_o little_o look_v upon_o at_o court_n insomuch_o that_o he_o be_v order_v to_o be_v dismiss_v but_o he_o wink_v at_o all_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a prudence_n and_o sagacity_n at_o the_o city_n aste_n they_o flight_v he_o so_o far_o as_o to_o assign_v he_o no_o quarter_n whereupon_o he_o be_v force_v to_o go_v away_o to_o genoa_n there_o he_o begin_v to_o treat_v with_o luis_n sforcia_n who_o repent_v of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v about_o join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o catholic_n king_n give_v he_o a_o hint_n that_o one_o of_o the_o princess_n shall_v be_v marry_v to_o his_o elder_a son_n for_o they_o can_v not_o marry_v with_o any_o other_o prince_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o agreement_n make_v with_o france_n this_o take_v so_o much_o with_o luis_n sforcia_n that_o he_o resolve_v to_o change_v party_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o repair_v to_o aste_n to_o receive_v the_o french_a king_n and_o give_v he_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o pay_v his_o army_n the_o king_n leave_v the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n who_o design_v to_o lay_v hold_n of_o that_o opportunity_n to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n at_o aste_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o pavia_n where_o he_o visit_v the_o duke_n john_n galeazzo_n who_o be_v then_o at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n and_o be_v his_o cousin-german_n both_o their_o milan_n mother_n be_v sister_n and_o daughter_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n the_o duke_n die_v on_o the_o 21th_o of_o october_n and_o it_o appear_v plain_o he_o have_v be_v poison_v which_o increase_v the_o hatred_n conceive_v towards_o his_o uncle_n the_o same_o day_n the_o king_n of_o france_n enter_v plasencia_n and_o with_o he_o lewis_n sforcia_n who_o understand_v the_o death_n of_o his_o nephew_n immediate_o return_v to_o milan_n and_o there_o public_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n notwithstanding_o his_o nephew_n leave_v a_o son_n five_o year_n of_o age_n as_o also_o two_o daughter_n and_o his_o wife_n big_a with_o child_n so_o far_o do_v his_o ambition_n blind_v he_o that_o the_o same_o day_n he_o write_v to_o king_n alonso_n give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o nephew_n death_n and_o tell_v he_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o milan_n have_v oblige_v he_o to_o take_v the_o title_n of_o duke_n and_o that_o he_o believe_v this_o will_v be_v no_o way_n displease_v to_o he_o know_v how_o well_o affect_v he_o be_v towards_o he_o and_o his_o kingdom_n from_o plasencia_n the_o king_n enter_v into_o tuscany_n ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o all_o part_n and_o particulaly_a from_o the_o venetian_n offer_v their_o friendship_n the_o pope_n send_v the_o cardinal_n of_o sienna_n his_o legate_n who_o come_v as_o far_o as_o pisa_n but_o the_o king_n will_v not_o see_v he_o the_o florentine_n send_v peter_n de_fw-fr medicis_n on_o the_o same_o account_n he_o contrary_a to_o his_o commission_n and_o instruction_n be_v agree_v to_o deliver_v up_o to_o the_o french_a saraçana_n saraçanella_n and_o piedrasanta_n strong_a hold_v belong_v to_o the_o republic_n on_o mount_n apennine_n as_o also_o the_o castle_n of_o pesa_n and_o leghorn_n and_o some_o other_o thing_n to_o this_o purpose_n hereat_o the_o people_n be_v so_o enrage_v that_o they_o banish_v he_o and_o his_o brother_n the_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr medicis_n and_o julian_n plunder_v their_o house_n and_o confiscate_v all_o their_o estate_n which_o be_v very_o great_a be_v come_v to_o pisa_n the_o king_n restore_v that_o city_n to_o its_o liberty_n deliver_v it_o from_o the_o subjection_n it_o be_v under_o to_o the_o florentine_n he_o enter_v florence_n the_o same_o day_n that_o picus_n mirandula_n die_v there_o at_o the_o age_n of_o 34_o year_n a_o man_n of_o such_o a_o excellent_a wit_n that_o he_o be_v call_v the_o phoenix_n he_o agree_v with_o the_o florentine_n to_o restore_v their_o fort_n after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v that_o they_o for_o his_o sake_n shall_v pardon_v peter_n de_fw-fr medicis_n and_o his_o brother_n and_o pay_v 120000_o florin_n towards_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war._n rome_n be_v in_o a_o uproar_n because_o the_o cardinal_n can_v not_o agree_v and_o the_o nobility_n be_v divide_v for_o prosper_n and_o fabricius_n colonna_n favour_v the_o french_a and_o virginius_n ursinus_n the_o neapolitan_n the_o colonneses_n with_o cardinal_n ascanius_n sforcia_n have_v seize_v the_o city_n ostia_n by_o which_o mean_v rome_n suffer_v great_a want_n no_o provision_n come_v to_o it_o by_o sea_n it_o be_v genaral_o believe_v the_o pope_n will_v agree_v with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o else_o depart_v rome_n hereupon_o the_o people_n begin_v to_o mutiny_n and_o the_o pope_n be_v oblige_v to_o satisfy_v the_o cardinal_n and_o roman_a gentry_n assure_v they_o he_o will_v stand_v by_o the_o just_a cause_n and_o if_o the_o king_n of_o france_n attempt_v to_o enter_v rome_n with_o his_o army_n he_o will_v make_v head_n against_o he_o and_o hazard_v his_o own_o life_n in_o the_o quarrel_n all_o he_o can_v say_v be_v of_o little_a force_n to_o encourage_v the_o people_n who_o be_v terrify_v with_o the_o news_n daily_o bring_v of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o french_a and_o their_o secure_v the_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n the_o pope_n himself_o perceive_v that_o neither_o his_o own_o nor_o the_o force_n of_o naples_n with_o a_o good_a part_n whereof_o the_o duke_n of_o calabria_n then_o lie_v at_o
from_o aste_n he_o summon_v the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n and_o marquis_n of_o monferrat_n as_o feudatary_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o they_o refuse_v to_o obey_v as_o do_v the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n because_o he_o have_v refuse_v he_o the_o investiture_n of_o modena_n and_o reggio_n which_o be_v feofe_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o emperor_n design_n be_v to_o prevent_v the_o french_a possess_v themselves_o of_o genoa_n which_o they_o have_v attempt_v beside_o the_o king_n of_o france_n in_o his_o way_n from_o naples_n have_v set_v free_a the_o city_n pisa_n before_o subject_a to_o the_o florentine_n to_o maintain_v this_o liberty_n the_o people_n of_o pisa_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n and_o particular_o to_o the_o venetian_n the_o duke_n of_o milan_n covet_v that_o city_n and_o therefore_o advise_v the_o emperor_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o florentine_n in_o defence_n of_o it_o to_o this_o purpose_n the_o emperor_n in_o person_n lay_v siege_n to_o leghorn_n but_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v it_o without_o do_v any_o thing_n material_a he_o have_v little_a confidence_n in_o the_o prince_n that_o send_v for_o he_o vain_a and_o therefore_o think_v of_o return_v into_o germany_n and_o consult_v at_o pavia_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o cardinal_n bernardin_n de_fw-fr carvajal_n the_o pope_n legate_n about_o this_o his_o design_n this_o cardinal_n persuade_v he_o to_o stay_v and_o succour_n genoa_n which_o be_v in_o danger_n but_o now_o come_v news_n which_o break_v all_o their_o measure_n which_o be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n have_v conclude_v a_o truce_n suppose_v to_o be_v a_o introduction_n to_o a_o peace_n it_o happen_v in_o this_o manner_n during_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o war_n in_o naples_n spain_n be_v apprehensive_a no_o less_o a_o storm_n will_v fall_v upon_o it_o because_o several_a inroad_n have_v be_v make_v into_o france_n and_o the_o warlike_a preparation_n make_v by_o the_o french_a be_v great_a this_o move_v the_o catholic_n king_n to_o stay_v some_o time_n at_o girona_n with_o a_o great_a body_n of_o man_n he_o have_v gather_v from_o all_o part_n but_o autumn_n be_v spend_v and_o he_o desirous_a to_o return_v to_o burgos_n whither_o he_o order_v the_o queen_n to_o repair_v to_o celebrate_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o army_n break_v up_o and_o he_o go_v away_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v intelligence_n hereof_o on_o a_o sudden_a gather_v above_o 18000_o men._n charles_n de_fw-fr alboin_n command_v upon_o that_o frontier_n for_o the_o duke_n of_o bourbon_n governor_n of_o languedoc_n he_o with_o those_o force_n break_v into_o rosillon_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o salsas_n the_o key_n of_o that_o earldom_n but_o ill_o fortify_v for_o though_o it_o have_v a_o good_a garrison_n the_o work_n be_v old_a for_o this_o reason_n the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o come_v before_o it_o which_o be_v the_o 8_o of_o october_n he_o take_v the_o town_n by_o assault_n and_o the_o castle_n upon_o composition_n many_o of_o the_o defendant_n be_v kill_v d._n henry_n enriquez_n haste_v thither_o with_o what_o force_n he_o can_v gather_v and_o halt_v at_o ribasalta_n a_o league_n from_o salsas_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o place_n be_v lose_v he_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n who_o quit_v the_o town_n as_o not_o tenable_a and_o retire_v to_o the_o wood_n above_o salsas_n resolve_v not_o to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n both_o army_n lay_v some_o day_n within_o a_o league_n of_o one_o another_o a_o treaty_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n and_o at_o last_o a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v on_o that_o side_n to_o last_o till_o the_o 17_o of_o january_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n 1497._o this_o truce_n raise_v great_a jealousy_n betwixt_o the_o confederate_a prince_n fear_v lest_o the_o catholic_n king_n shall_v abandon_v they_o and_o make_v a_o peace_n by_o himself_o hereupon_o the_o emperor_n leave_v italy_n and_o soon_o return_v into_o germany_n without_o have_v do_v ne_o any_o thing_n worth_n mention_v after_o that_o by_o the_o pope_n order_n virginius_n ursinus_n and_o his_o son_n be_v contrary_a to_o article_n urfini_n apprehend_v the_o pope_n send_v the_o duke_n of_o gandia_n and_o urbino_n and_o fabricius_n colona_n with_o his_o force_n to_o invade_v their_o dominion_n they_o take_v some_o town_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o fort_n brachano_n charles_n ursinus_n and_o vitelocius_fw-la have_v raise_v some_o force_n to_o divert_v they_o from_o the_o siege_n sit_v down_o before_o vasano_n a_o town_n of_o the_o church_n the_o enemy_n though_o inferior_a in_o number_n march_v towards_o the_o ursini_n and_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n wherein_o the_o ursini_n be_v at_o first_o worsted_n but_o rally_v put_v their_o enemy_n to_o flight_n the_o duke_n of_o gandia_n be_v wound_v and_o the_o duke_n of_o urbino_n take_v this_o defeat_n oblige_v the_o pope_n to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o ursini_n the_o great_a captain_n have_v a_o hand_n in_o this_o affair_n and_o the_o ursini_n be_v much_o oblige_v to_o the_o catholic_n king_n the_o great_a captain_n come_v now_o to_o rome_n and_o at_o the_o pope_n request_n lay_v siege_n to_o ostia_n which_o the_o french_a be_v still_o possess_v of_o and_o after_o eight_o day_n siege_n take_v it_o by_o assault_n as_o the_o great_a captain_n take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o pope_n to_o return_v to_o naples_n the_o pope_n tell_v he_o his_o king_n be_v much_o oblige_v to_o he_o and_o do_v not_o act_v answerable_o to_o his_o obligation_n but_o that_o no_o man_n know_v he_o so_o well_o as_o himself_o gonçalo_n fernandez_n take_v the_o liberty_n to_o answer_v that_o he_o doubt_v not_o he_o know_v he_o as_o be_v his_o subject_n but_o that_o it_o be_v ingratitude_n to_o say_v he_o owe_v he_o any_o obligation_n since_o the_o catholic_n king_n be_v the_o only_a support_n of_o he_o and_o his_o family_n therefore_o he_o beg_v he_o to_o behave_v himself_o better_a and_o not_o scandalize_v the_o church_n lest_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o abandon_v he_o the_o truth_n be_v he_o be_v so_o wicked_a that_o several_a prince_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o warn_v he_o to_o moderate_v his_o extravagancy_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a soon_o after_o in_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o cardinal_n convene_v to_o give_v the_o investiture_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o king_n frederick_n he_o also_o propose_v the_o give_v the_o city_n benevento_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o gandia_n and_o release_n the_o king_n of_o naples_n of_o the_o tribute_n they_o pay_v to_o the_o church_n for_o land_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o say_a duke_n nothing_o can_v have_v stop_v his_o proceed_n but_o the_o unhappy_a death_n of_o that_o duke_n on_o the_o 14_o of_o june_n the_o duke_n and_o cardinal_n of_o valencia_n and_o borgia_n have_v supp_v in_o a_o garden_n as_o the_o duke_n murder_v return_v home_o he_o send_v his_o footman_n for_o his_o arm_n who_o return_v find_v he_o not_o nor_o can_v any_o tiding_n be_v hear_v of_o he_o the_o next_o day_n after_o much_o inquiry_n a_o waterman_n say_v that_o about_o midnight_n he_o see_v three_o man_n carry_v one_o a_o cross_a a_o mule_n who_o they_o cast_v over_o the_o bridge_n and_o one_o ask_v whether_o he_o sink_v the_o other_o say_v he_o do_v and_o so_o they_o go_v away_o the_o place_n be_v search_v the_o body_n be_v find_v with_o nine_o wound_n and_o nothing_o take_v from_o he_o it_o can_v never_o be_v know_v who_o be_v the_o murderer_n some_o say_v the_o ursini_n but_o the_o common_a report_n go_v that_o it_o be_v his_o own_o brother_n the_o cardinal_n of_o valencia_n the_o duke_n leave_v a_o son_n call_v john_n who_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o gandia_n the_o same_o fleet_n which_o carry_v the_o princess_n joanna_n to_o flanders_n bring_v the_o princess_n margaret_n sister_n to_o the_o archduke_n and_o contract_v to_o prince_n john_n she_o arrive_v at_o santander_n in_o march_n and_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n with_o a_o great_a retinue_n they_o meet_v at_o reinosa_n and_o be_v marry_v at_o burgos_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n the_o queen_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o alteration_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o princess_n family_n but_o that_o she_o shall_v keep_v she_o own_o servant_n a_o peace_n be_v propose_v betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n ferdinand_n duke_n of_o estrada_n be_v send_v ambassador_n to_o france_n and_o a_o truce_n be_v agree_v upon_o at_o lion_n to_o begin_v in_o spain_n on_o the_o 5_o of_o march_n and_o with_o all_o the_o other_o confederate_a prince_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o april_n to_o last_o till_o the_o first_o of_o november_n this_o make_v the_o great_a captain_n hasten_v his_o return_n from_o rome_n to_o naples_n hope_v before_o the_o truce_n begin_v to_o recover_v some_o town_n of_o
naked_a and_o carry_v their_o privity_n in_o wooden_a case_n the_o country_n produce_v elephant_n and_o ox_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o as_o beast_n of_o burden_n there_o be_v certain_a bird_n they_o call_v sotilicarios_n as_o big_a as_o goose_n without_o feather_n and_o with_o wing_n like_o bat_n which_o serve_v they_o not_o to_o fly_v but_o help_v they_o to_o run_v the_o fast_o go_v on_o though_o slow_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o strong_a current_n they_o come_v to_o a_o country_n call_v zanguebar_v and_o because_o they_o arrive_v there_o on_o christmas-day_n call_v it_o terra_fw-la de_fw-fr natal_n as_o they_o also_o call_v a_o river_n de_fw-fr los_fw-es reyes_n or_o of_o the_o king_n because_o they_o water_v there_o upon_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o epiphany_n to_o shun_v the_o strong_a current_n and_o tide_n they_o stand_v out_o so_o far_o to_o sea_n that_o without_o touch_v at_o zofala_n the_o chief_a place_n on_o those_o coast_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o gold_n mine_n they_o 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true_a the_o king_n be_v please_v at_o their_o come_n and_o because_o he_o can_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o age_n go_v aboard_o himself_o send_v his_o son_n who_o behave_v himself_o friendly_a towards_o the_o portuguese_n and_o be_v by_o they_o well_o entertain_v he_o give_v they_o a_o pilot_n to_o conduct_v they_o to_o india_n and_o they_o present_v he_o the_o 13_o moor_n which_o he_o be_v much_o please_v at_o be_v furnish_v with_o what_o they_o want_v they_o take_v their_o leave_n promise_v to_o return_v that_o way_n to_o take_v up_o the_o ambassador_n the_o king_n design_v to_o send_v to_o portugal_n it_o be_v now_o easter_n when_o they_o set_v sail_n for_o calicut_n which_o be_v almost_o 700_o league_n distant_a from_o melinde_a and_o be_v sail_v by_o they_o in_o 21_o day_n on_o the_o 20_o of_o may_v they_o discover_v the_o wish_a for_o shore_n and_o soon_o after_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o calicut_n that_o city_n have_v no_o harbour_n and_o the_o season_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o lie_v out_o because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o winter_n begin_v there_o the_o province_n of_o malabar_n where_o calicut_n stand_v be_v divide_v by_o a_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n run_v down_o to_o cape_n comori_fw-la both_o side_n be_v in_o the_o same_o north_n latitude_n and_o yet_o in_o may_n the_o rain_n begin_v on_o this_o side_n the_o mountain_n the_o other_o side_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v scorch_v with_o heat_n which_o be_v very_o wonderful_a chap._n ix_o a_o short_a but_o particular_a account_n of_o india_n what_o happen_v to_o vasco_n de_fw-fr gama_n at_o calicut_n his_o bold_a erterprise_n there_o and_o a_o relation_n of_o his_o return_n to_o portugal_n before_o we_o relate_v what_o happen_v to_o vasco_n de_fw-fr gama_n at_o calicut_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o give_v some_o short_a description_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o those_o large_a province_n of_o asia_n india_n towards_o india_n the_o west_n border_n upon_o the_o province_n of_o gedrosia_n arachosia_n and_o the_o paropomassidas_n towards_o the_o east_n it_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o mighty_a empire_n of_o china_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v shut_v up_o by_o mount_n imaus_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o mount_n caucasus_n on_o the_o south_n its_o limit_n be_v the_o ocean_n the_o most_o famous_a river_n ganges_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n true_a it_o be_v our_o people_n only_o call_v that_o india_n which_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o two_o rivers_n indus_n and_o ganges_n this_o country_n the_o native_n call_v indostan_n along_o the_o mid_a space_n betwixt_o these_o two_o river_n run_v a_o ridge_n of_o hill_n down_o to_o cape_n comori_fw-la many_o different_a nation_n be_v spread_v along_o these_o coast_n the_o chief_a gambaya_n which_o
france_n and_o to_o marry_v he_o to_o the_o lady_n charlotte_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n her_o father_n will_v not_o consent_v because_o they_o demand_v the_o principality_n of_o taranto_n with_o she_o as_o dower_n and_o this_o be_v suspect_v to_o be_v in_o order_n to_o seize_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o cardinal_n ascanius_n his_o brother_n press_v the_o king_n to_o consent_v lest_o the_o pope_n shall_v bring_v the_o french_a upon_o he_o again_o which_o will_v prove_v his_o utter_a ruin_n as_o it_o do_v k._n ferdinand_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o this_o contrivance_n though_o he_o be_v offer_v the_o disposal_n of_o the_o church_n of_o pamplona_n and_o valencia_n then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o caesar_n borgia_n these_o practice_n scandalize_v all_o christendom_n to_o see_v that_o a_o cardinal_n in_o holy_a order_n shall_v have_v leave_v give_v he_o to_o marry_v the_o wickedness_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n give_v all_o the_o 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the_o crown_n of_o castille_n elizabeth_n his_o queen_n deliver_v of_o a_o son_n dies_z the_o duke_n of_o milan_n expel_v his_o dominion_n university_n of_o alcala_n found_v rebellion_n of_o the_o mountain-moor_n as_o soon_o as_o prince_n john_n die_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n begin_v to_o be_v solicitous_a about_o the_o succession_n castille_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o wait_v to_o see_v what_o the_o princess_n margaret_n will_v bring_v forth_o their_o grief_n be_v increase_v when_o at_o alcala_n de_fw-fr henares_n she_o miscarry_v of_o a_o daughter_n hereupon_o they_o advertise_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n of_o his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o advise_v he_o to_o come_v to_o castille_n and_o be_v swear_v according_a to_o custom_n the_o archduke_n and_o his_o duchess_n who_o at_o that_o time_n take_v the_o style_n of_o prince_n of_o spain_n be_v warn_v to_o forbear_v it_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o portugal_n enter_v castille_n by_o the_o way_n of_o badajoz_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n and_o alva_n with_o many_o other_o great_a men._n thence_o they_o go_v to_o spend_v the_o holy_a week_n at_o guadalupe_n and_o on_o the_o 26_o of_o april_n come_v to_o toledo_n where_o the_o catholic_n king_n and_o queen_n expect_v they_o and_o according_a to_o custom_n on_o the_o sunday_n follow_v homage_n be_v do_v to_o they_o and_o they_o be_v swear_v heir_n of_o castille_n the_o business_n of_o arragon_n be_v not_o so_o easy_a because_o henry_n duke_n of_o segorve_n be_v alive_a and_o pretend_v no_o woman_n can_v inherit_v that_o crown_n and_o therefore_o it_o appertain_v to_o he_o and_o his_o son_n alonso_n as_o descend_v of_o the_o male_a line_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o arragon_n to_o make_v all_o thing_n the_o easy_a the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o portugal_n go_v to_o zaragoça_n and_o there_o on_o the_o 14_o of_o july_n propose_v to_o the_o nobility_n to_o swear_v to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o portugal_n as_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n there_o arise_v a_o great_a debate_n some_o affirm_v no_o woman_n can_v inherit_v that_o crown_n and_o other_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a to_o end_v this_o dispute_n it_o please_v god_n that_o the_o queen_n of_o portugal_n on_o the_o 23d_o of_o august_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n who_o they_o call_v michael_n she_o die_v within_o a_o hour_n after_o dies_z the_o king_n her_o husband_n return_v immediate_o to_o his_o kingdom_n the_o queen_n body_n be_v deposit_v in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n francis_n and_o thence_o translate_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o nun_n of_o s._n elizabeth_n build_v by_o her_o father_n at_o toledo_n on_o the_o 22d_o of_o september_n all_o difficulty_n be_v remove_v the_o young_a prince_n be_v by_o general_a consent_n swear_v heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n and_o soon_o after_o the_o same_o be_v do_v in_o castille_n before_o king_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o zaragoça_n he_o have_v send_v d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr sylva_n his_o ambassador_n to_o france_n to_o compliment_v the_o new_a king_n upon_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o press_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o peace_n he_o with_o the_o other_o ambassador_n there_o before_o soon_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o period_n the_o same_o be_v do_v on_o his_o part_n by_o the_o archduke_n without_o consult_v his_o father_n or_o father-in-law_n luis_n d'_fw-fr amboise_n archbishop_n of_o rouen_n by_o his_o interest_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n much_o forward_v this_o agreement_n in_o september_n the_o pope_n make_v he_o a_o cardidal_a at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v intent_n upon_o pass_v into_o italy_n upon_o account_n of_o the_o right_n he_o pretend_v to_o have_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n and_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n from_o zaragoça_n king_n ferdinand_n send_v d._n ynigo_n de_fw-fr cordova_n brother_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la and_o dr._n philip_n ponce_n to_o require_v the_o pope_n 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the_o affinity_n be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n the_o pope_n though_o in_o other_o thing_n free_a enough_o be_v very_o backward_o in_o this_o pretend_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n press_v he_o not_o to_o grant_v it_o he_o say_v he_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o it_o unless_o the_o catholic_n king_n will_v secure_v he_o against_o any_o harm_n that_o may_v threaten_v he_o upon_o that_o account_n much_o time_n be_v spend_v in_o debate_v this_o point_n king_n ferdinand_n will_v have_v the_o duke_n of_o calabria_n marry_v his_o niece_n queen_n joanna_n widow_n of_o ferdinand_n ii_o king_n of_o naples_n who_o be_v still_o in_o that_o kingdom_n her_o father_n have_v leave_v she_o 400000_o ducat_n king_n frederick_n approve_v of_o the_o match_n to_o save_v the_o payment_n of_o that_o vast_a sum_n but_o will_v have_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n
not_o long_o for_o the_o enemy_n soon_o flee_v our_o man_n pursue_v they_o close_o at_o the_o heel_n up_o to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o mola_n and_o gaeta_n where_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n save_v themselves_o many_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o way_n they_o lose_v 32_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o 1500_o horse_n such_o of_o the_o french_a as_o flee_v towards_o fundi_n and_o other_o that_o be_v quarter_v thereabouts_o be_v kill_v or_o take_v by_o the_o country_n people_n who_o rose_z and_o secure_v all_o the_o pass_n so_o that_o very_o few_o of_o they_o escape_v bartholomew_n de_fw-fr alvinao_n and_o d._n hugo_n de_fw-fr moncada_n give_v proof_n of_o their_o valour_n in_o this_o action_n and_o during_o the_o whole_a time_n it_o be_v in_o hand_n chap._n iii_o the_o city_n gaeta_n surrender_v a_o truce_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o perfect_a of_o rome_n submit_v to_o spain_n the_o nobility_n of_o naples_n swear_v allegiance_n to_o spain_n and_o several_a city_n of_o italy_n sue_v for_o its_o protection_n truce_n for_o three_o year_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o great_a captain_n will_v glad_o have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o confusion_n the_o french_a be_v in_o to_o captain_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o mount_n orlando_n which_o command_v gaeta_n but_o the_o rain_n be_v so_o violent_a and_o the_o soldier_n so_o weary_a and_o spend_v with_o hunger_n not_o have_v eat_v that_o day_n or_o the_o night_n before_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o return_v to_o his_o former_a camp_n at_o castellon_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o french_a to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o mola_n with_o their_o field_n piece_n believe_v that_o will_v be_v the_o first_o place_n attack_v but_o the_o great_a captain_n have_v refresh_v his_o man_n to_o make_v his_o advantage_n of_o the_o enemy_n consternation_n march_v direct_o to_o gaeta_n very_o little_a defence_n be_v make_v at_o the_o mount_n where_o our_o cannon_n have_v before_o make_v a_o breach_n and_o the_o garrison_n have_v scarce_o time_n to_o retire_v into_o the_o city_n here_o they_o lose_v what_o have_v be_v save_v in_o the_o fight_n 1000_o horse_n be_v take_v and_o two_o piece_n of_o cannon_n that_o do_v we_o all_o the_o mischief_n the_o first_o siege_n what_o be_v more_o the_o french_a be_v quite_o dismay_v especial_o when_o they_o see_v the_o spaniard_n entrench_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_v of_o the_o town_n 50_o man_n at_o arm_n command_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o mirandula_n come_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o surrender_v themselves_o that_o same_o night_n 3_o deputy_n come_v out_o from_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr saluzze_n to_o treat_v of_o a_o surrender_n their_o first_o demand_n be_v to_o have_v the_o prisoner_n ransom_v which_o be_v deny_v they_o then_o they_o offer_v to_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n and_o castle_n of_o gaeta_n the_o rock_n of_o mondragon_n and_o all_o the_o spanish_a and_o italian_a prisoner_n they_o have_v in_o exchange_n for_o the_o french_a and_o italian_a prisoner_n on_o our_o side_n this_o proposal_n be_v not_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o great_a captain_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o felease_v the_o italian_n particular_o the_o marquis_n of_o bitonto_n matthew_n de_fw-fr aquaviva_fw-la and_o alonso_n de_fw-fr sanseverino_n cousin_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bisiniano_n who_o he_o intend_v whole_o to_o put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o catholic_n king_n after_o some_o debate_n the_o french_a abandon_v the_o italian_n and_o on_o the_o first_o of_o january_n 1504_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o aubigni_n and_o the_o other_o french_a shall_v be_v discharge_v and_o that_o as_o to_o the_o italian_n the_o catholic_n king_n shall_v not_o execute_v any_o of_o they_o till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o king_n of_o france_n can_v send_v ambassador_n to_o intercede_v for_o they_o the_o soldier_n be_v to_o depart_v with_o their_o arm_n and_o baggage_n the_o citizen_n of_o gaeta_n to_o be_v no_o way_n molest_v nor_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o other_o place_n for_o have_v side_v with_o the_o french_a upon_o this_o agreement_n such_o as_o be_v to_o go_v by_o sea_n begin_v immediate_o to_o embark_v theodore_n trivulcio_n march_v out_o with_o the_o french_a and_o italian_n that_o be_v to_o go_v by_o land_n this_o do_v on_o the_o 3d_o of_o january_n the_o city_n and_o castle_n be_v deliver_v up_o and_o the_o prisoner_n on_o our_o side_n release_v the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n and_o castle_n be_v give_v to_o luis_n de_fw-fr herrera_n as_o he_o have_v well_o deserve_v his_o command_n of_o lieutenant_n of_o taranto_n be_v confer_v on_o peter_n hernandez_n de_fw-fr nicuessa_n two_o day_n after_o the_o surrender_n come_v thither_o the_o lord_n of_o aubigni_n and_o about_o 1200_o french_a prisoner_n aubigni_n go_v present_o aboard_o the_o rest_n be_v conduct_v by_o land_n but_o most_o of_o they_o die_v by_o the_o way_n as_o do_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr saluzze_n at_o genoa_n the_o sieur_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr palisse_n have_v before_o be_v exchange_v for_o d._n antony_n de_fw-fr cardona_n this_o d._n antony_n serve_v very_o well_o as_o do_v his_o brother_n wherefore_o the_o catholic_n king_n give_v he_o padula_n which_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o caparlo_n and_o create_v he_o marquis_n thereof_o someblamed_a the_o great_a captain_n for_o give_v such_o advantageous_a term_n but_o he_o have_v reason_n enough_o to_o justify_v his_o proceed_n the_o chief_a be_v want_v of_o money_n to_o pay_v his_o man_n who_o he_o fear_v may_v again_o mutiny_n then_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v whole_o devote_v to_o the_o french_a and_o last_o the_o treaty_n about_o restore_a king_n frederick_n which_o do_v the_o spaniard_n a_o incredible_a diskindness_n for_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o spanish_a faction_n be_v discourage_v and_o their_o adversaire_n take_v heart_n beside_o none_o of_o the_o revenue_n be_v pay_v in_o every_o one_o wait_v to_o pay_v it_o to_o king_n frederick_n if_o he_o return_v thus_o the_o want_v of_o the_o army_n daily_o increase_v therefore_o gaeta_n be_v reduce_v before_o any_o change_n shall_v happen_v the_o duke_n of_o term_n be_v send_v to_o govern_v abruzzo_n and_o bring_v under_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr bitonto_fw-mi in_o that_o province_n bartholomew_n de_fw-fr albiano_n against_o luis_n de_fw-fr arsi_fw-la who_o fortify_v venosa_fw-la against_o the_o earl_n of_o conversano_n go_v the_o earl_n of_o matera_fw-la and_o peter_n de_fw-fr paz._n giles_n nieto_n and_o peter_n navarro_n besiege_v the_o earl_n of_o capacho_n in_o laurino_n and_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o depart_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o equipage_n to_o trana_n hold_v by_o the_o venetian_n but_o he_o be_v to_o leave_v the_o cattle_n cannon_n and_o ammunition_n in_o galabria_n gomez_n de_fw-fr solis_n take_v all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o rosano_n except_o the_o city_n rosano_n and_o sanseverino_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v besiege_a the_o great_a captain_n design_v to_o invade_v the_o land_n of_o the_o perfect_a of_o rome_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n which_o he_o prevent_v by_o submit_v they_o to_o the_o spain_n crown_n of_o spain_n wherewith_o the_o great_a captain_n be_v satisfy_v though_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v in_o his_o heart_n a_o frenchman_n and_o only_o to_o submit_v to_o necessity_n rosano_n be_v at_o last_o deliver_v up_o by_o the_o townsman_n and_o in_o it_o the_o prince_n and_o several_a baron_n be_v make_v prisoner_n sanseverino_n soon_o after_o do_v the_o same_o peter_n de_fw-fr paz_n take_v conversano_n by_o storm_n thus_o all_o calabria_n be_v reduce_v and_o d._n hugo_n de_fw-fr moncada_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o it_o in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o ayelo_n grow_v unfit_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a age._n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o gaeta_n and_o order_v it_o to_o be_v inhabit_a by_o spaniard_n to_o save_v the_o great_a charge_n of_o a_o garrison_n the_o great_a captain_n go_v away_o to_o naples_n where_o he_o be_v spain_n receive_v with_o such_o applause_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v their_o king_n who_o have_v return_v victorious_a thither_o he_o summon_v the_o baron_n &_o counsel_n because_o many_o though_o they_o have_v submit_v to_o spain_n have_v not_o yet_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n such_o as_o have_v serve_v well_o he_o gratify_v and_o reward_v particular_o bartholomew_n de_fw-fr alviano_n to_o who_o in_o the_o principality_n of_o bisignano_n he_o assign_v 8000_o ducat_n a_o year_n and_o 2200_o among_o his_o kindred_n according_a to_o every_o man_n merit_n these_o favour_n do_v to_o the_o ursini_n so_o nettle_v the_o colonese_n that_o prosper_n colona_n go_v to_o spain_n to_o complain_v and_o have_v the_o government_n alter_v and_o fabricius_n send_v from_o rome_n to_o ask_v leave_n to_o serve_v the_o florentine_n which_o be_v grant_v lest_o
the_o agreement_n make_v with_o france_n for_o king_n regard_v nothing_o but_o their_o own_o interest_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n he_o send_v f._n giles_n de_fw-fr viterbo_n vicar-general_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n augustin_n to_o offer_v his_o force_n to_o the_o pope_n for_o recovery_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o turk_n at_o this_o time_n the_o restore_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o faction_n of_o anjou_n to_o their_o estate_n be_v in_o hand_n a_o thing_n very_o difficult_a their_o land_n be_v give_v to_o those_o that_o have_v serve_v the_o king_n he_o be_v force_v to_o requite_v those_o that_o be_v in_o possession_n to_o buy_v out_o whole_a estate_n and_o alienate_v part_n of_o the_o crown-land_n to_o satisfy_v they_o all_o the_o chief_a man_n restore_v be_v the_o prince_n of_o salerno_n bisignano_n and_o melfi_n the_o duke_n of_o tangeto_n and_o arri_n the_o earl_n of_o conça_n morcon_n and_o monteleon_n and_o beside_o these_o alonso_z de_fw-fr sanseverino_n the_o dukedom_n of_o sessa_o be_v buy_v outright_o and_o give_v to_o the_o great_a captain_n a_o reward_n due_a to_o his_o great_a service_n many_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n have_v the_o land_n before_o give_v they_o take_v away_o which_o the_o latter_a easy_o condescend_v to_o be_v desirous_a to_o return_v to_o their_o country_n and_o content_a with_o any_o recompense_n there_o yet_o even_o some_o of_o these_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o satisfaction_n make_v they_o in_o spain_n special_a regard_n be_v have_v to_o content_v the_o ursini_n and_o colonese_n the_o two_o principal_a family_n in_o rome_n care_n be_v also_o take_v to_o gain_v the_o people_n of_o sienna_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o piombino_n two_o important_a place_n for_o the_o affair_n of_o italy_n the_o bishop_n of_o louvain_n and_o luke_n de_fw-fr reynaldis_n come_v to_o naples_n from_o the_o emperor_n about_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o castille_n they_o have_v compliment_v the_o king_n upon_o his_o arrival_n in_o that_o kingdom_n propose_v that_o the_o governor_n then_o in_o be_v may_v be_v continue_v and_o also_o that_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o french_a faction_n may_v not_o be_v restore_v because_o it_o be_v entertain_v of_o so_o many_o enemy_n likewise_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v promote_v the_o match_n before_o agree_v upon_o betwixt_o prince_n charles_n and_o claudia_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n in_o order_n to_o it_o they_o say_v it_o be_v convenient_a the_o king_n and_o emperor_n emperor_n shall_v meet_v the_o emperor_n design_v to_o go_v into_o italy_n under_o colour_n of_o be_v crown_v but_o his_o design_n be_v to_o oppose_v the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o it_o be_v report_v will_v go_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v crown_v emperor_n and_o create_v the_o cardinal_n d'_fw-fr amboise_n pope_n of_o which_o the_o emperor_n grievous_o complain_v in_o the_o diet_n assemble_v at_o constance_n the_o king_n immediate_o answer_v the_o ambassador_n that_o the_o government_n of_o castille_n belong_v only_o to_o his_o daughter_n and_o in_o case_n she_o can_v not_o or_o will_v not_o manage_v it_o than_o it_o only_o appertain_v to_o he_o as_o her_o father_n and_o the_o same_o if_o she_o shall_v die_v and_o that_o as_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o governor_n choose_v in_o castille_n as_o for_o the_o baron_n that_o he_o have_v promise_v and_o can_v not_o avoid_v restore_v their_o estate_n that_o in_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o marriage_n the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v acquaint_v he_o how_o displease_v it_o be_v to_o his_o people_n to_o have_v brittany_n and_o milan_n alienate_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o therefore_o desire_v the_o princess_n may_v be_v marry_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o angouslesme_fw-fr who_o be_v heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o as_o to_o the_o interview_n he_o say_v he_o shall_v be_v glad_a of_o it_o when_o affair_n will_v permit_v in_o a_o second_o audience_n the_o ambassador_n offer_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v give_v the_o king_n the_o title_n of_o emperor_n of_o italy_n resign_v over_o all_o his_o right_n to_o it_o and_o assist_v he_o in_o the_o subdue_a of_o it_o to_o this_o he_o answer_v it_o be_v not_o not_o convenient_a the_o emperor_n shall_v lessen_v his_o own_o authority_n and_o for_o himself_o he_o covet_v no_o more_o of_o italy_n than_o be_v his_o own_o then_o they_o propose_v a_o league_n betwixt_o the_o emperor_n king_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n and_o the_o pope_n against_o the_o venetian_n to_o which_o he_o say_v if_o the_o rest_n be_v agree_v he_o will_v not_o oppose_v it_o then_o the_o king_n send_v d._n jayme_n de_fw-fr conchillos_fw-la bishop_n of_o girachi_n his_o ambassador_n to_o the_o emperor_n on_o pretence_n of_o prevail_v with_o the_o fleming_n to_o admit_v of_o the_o emperor_n as_o their_o governor_n for_o prince_n charles_n his_o grandson_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o king_n design_n be_v quite_o different_a as_o have_v be_v say_v queen_n joanna_n be_v at_o torquemada_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1507._o there_o on_o the_o 14_o 1507._o of_o january_n she_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o daughter_n call_v catherine_n afterward_o queen_n of_o portugal_n daughter_n she_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n for_o want_n of_o a_o midwife_n which_o want_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o lady_n mary_n de_fw-fr ulloa_n her_o favourite_n and_o lady_n of_o the_o bedchamber_n the_o council_n labour_v to_o compose_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o nobility_n but_o their_o order_n be_v of_o small_a force_n the_o mutiny_n at_o cordova_n about_o the_o inquisitor_n increase_v the_o chief_a reason_n be_v that_o the_o prisoner_n to_o make_v their_o business_n the_o more_o intricate_a have_v bring_v in_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n as_o accessary_a to_o their_o crime_n this_o the_o people_n attribute_v to_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o inquisitor_n at_o toledo_n the_o silva_n and_o ayala_n take_v up_o arm_n the_o latter_a in_o defence_n of_o a_o judge_n send_v by_o the_o council_n with_o power_n to_o control_v the_o governor_n and_o his_o officer_n the_o silva_n stand_v by_o the_o governor_n and_o have_v secure_v toledo_n the_o gate_n and_o bridge_n but_o the_o people_n favour_v the_o ayala_n the_o governor_n be_v turn_v out_o and_o several_a people_n be_v kill_v and_o wound_v in_o the_o scuffle_n madrid_n be_v in_o a_o mutiny_n betwixt_o the_o two_o party_n of_o d._n peter_n lasso_n de_fw-fr castilia_n and_o john_n arias_n the_o former_a be_v for_o king_n ferdinand_n philip_n vasquez_n d'_fw-fr acuna_n governor_n of_o cuenca_n keep_v the_o council_n of_o that_o city_n under_o so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o obey_v the_o queen_n order_n james_n hurtado_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n turn_v he_o out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o order_v that_o the_o council_n old_a choose_v two_o alcaid_n who_o shall_v govern_v the_o city_n in_o the_o queen_n name_n at_o segovia_n the_o marquis_n of_o moya_n have_v besiege_v the_o castle_n turn_v out_o all_o the_o citizen_n that_o oppose_v he_o and_o burn_v the_o church_n of_o s._n romanus_n where_o some_o of_o they_o make_v themselves_o strong_a the_o queen_n only_o serve_v to_o hinder_v business_n to_o prevent_v these_o mischief_n spread_v in_o andaluzia_n the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr priego_n the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o tendilla_n captain-general_n of_o granada_n and_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o murcia_n associate_v themselves_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o queen_n to_o preserve_v that_o country_n in_o peace_n till_o the_o come_n of_o the_o catholic_n king_n the_o earl_n of_o urena_n come_v to_o court_n interpose_v his_o authority_n for_o reconcile_a the_o nobility_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o make_v his_o complaint_n and_o have_v his_o pretension_n which_o tend_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o government_n of_o carmona_n take_v from_o he_o and_o to_o obtain_v a_o commendary_a for_o his_o son_n roderick_n the_o admiral_n raise_v man_n to_o recover_v villena_n and_o villavicencio_n wrongful_o take_v from_o he_o as_o he_o say_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n the_o duke_n of_o najara_n have_v a_o guard_n of_o arm_a man_n and_o at_o villamedina_n take_v up_o the_o house_n appoint_v for_o the_o council_n who_o thereupon_o remove_v to_o palencia_n d._n john_n manuel_n come_v to_o tarquemada_n with_o 60_o horse_n the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n and_o constable_n levy_v force_n the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n gather_v 400_o man_n and_o order_v the_o ordinary_a guard_n to_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o his_o own_o revenue_n and_o will_v have_v have_v they_o swear_v to_o the_o queen_n and_o himself_o hereupon_o the_o duke_n of_o najara_n raise_v more_o man_n and_o they_o be_v near_o come_v to_o blow_n with_o those_o of_o the_o archbishop_n to_o prevent_v these_o disorder_n it_o be_v desire_v that_o no_o arm_a man_n but_o those_o of_o the_o queen_n and_o archbishop_n shall_v
army_n by_o the_o end_n of_o may._n villamarin_n earl_n of_o capacho_n the_o admiral_n be_v ready_a at_o messina_n with_o 12_o galley_n and_o 10_o ship_n and_o only_o expect_v the_o french_a fleet_n to_o join_v he_o in_o order_n to_o go_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o apulia_n but_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o these_o preparation_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o viceroy_n of_o naples_n lay_v siege_n to_o trana_n the_o seigneury_n of_o venice_n send_v order_n to_o all_o their_o governor_n on_o that_o coast_n to_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n and_o marquis_n of_o mantua_n take_v some_o place_n from_o the_o venetian_n to_o which_o they_o pretend_v a_o title_n venice_n be_v bring_v so_o low_a that_o it_o be_v report_v the_o senate_n design_v to_o submit_v itself_o to_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n to_o be_v by_o he_o protect_v there_o remain_v the_o emperor_n who_o in_o june_n be_v 7_o league_n from_o inspruck_a on_o his_o way_n to_o italy_n on_o the_o 8_o of_o that_o month_n the_o florentine_n subdue_v the_o city_n of_o pisa_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n come_v to_o esternan_n the_o venetian_n propose_v a_o accommodation_n with_o he_o and_o it_o be_v say_v they_o send_v he_o a_o blank_a sign_v for_o he_o to_o make_v his_o own_o condition_n so_o he_o will_v protect_v they_o in_o that_o desperate_a condition_n as_o the_o emperor_n march_v all_o place_n submit_v to_o he_o so_o that_o the_o venetian_n have_v not_o a_o foot_n of_o land_n leave_v they_o in_o italy_n except_o the_o city_n venice_n which_o the_o emperor_n design_v to_o besiege_v by_o sea_n and_o land_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o will_v have_v the_o french_a and_o spanish_a fleet_n join_v to_o shut_v up_o the_o sea_n whilst_o his_o and_o the_o french_a force_n attack_v it_o by_o land_n nay_o he_o propose_v when_o take_v to_o have_v it_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n with_o as_o many_o castle_n whereof_o each_o of_o the_o confederate_a prince_n shall_v have_v one_o in_o order_n to_o it_o the_o catholic_n king_n though_o he_o disband_v all_o the_o land-force_n save_o 500_o which_o be_v to_o be_v transport_v into_o spain_n order_v the_o fleet_n to_o stay_v in_o italy_n yet_o afterward_o neither_o the_o pope_n nor_o he_o will_v consent_v to_o the_o utter_a subvert_v of_o that_o state_n consider_v it_o will_v redound_v only_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o france_n by_o reason_n their_o dominion_n of_o milan_n lay_v so_o near_o and_o the_o other_o so_o far_o off_o nay_o they_o apprehend_v it_o may_v be_v a_o step_n towards_o make_v that_o king_n master_n of_o all_o italy_n and_o that_o then_o he_o may_v make_v a_o pope_n according_a to_o his_o own_o mind_n which_o the_o present_a pope_n be_v so_o apprehensive_a of_o that_o both_o he_o and_o the_o catholic_n king_n labour_v all_o that_o in_o they_o be_v to_o disappoint_v a_o interview_n propose_v betwixt_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o france_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n of_o france_n possess_v himself_o of_o what_o he_o desire_v he_o return_v to_o milan_n venetian_n and_o thence_o to_o his_o kingdom_n he_o leave_v 1500_o horse_n in_o the_o city_n new_o take_v and_o charles_n d'_fw-fr amboise_n as_o general_n the_o imperial_a force_n lay_v at_o treviso_n and_o friouli_n which_o be_v all_o the_o venetian_n have_v leave_v they_o in_o italy_n andrew_n gritti_n by_o intelligence_n he_o have_v with_o some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n recover_v the_o city_n milan_n for_o the_o venetian_n 42_o day_n after_o it_o have_v submit_v to_o the_o emperor_n this_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o he_o retire_v into_o the_o country_n of_o tirol_n with_o the_o same_o ease_n the_o venetian_n take_v assula_n where_o they_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n 150_o spaniard_n that_o be_v there_o in_o garrison_n the_o same_o they_o do_v to_o 200_o more_o they_o find_v in_o castelfranco_n and_o take_v alvarado_n their_o captain_n prisoner_n most_o of_o the_o 1500_o spaniard_n that_o go_v over_o from_o the_o french_a service_n to_o the_o emperor_n be_v thus_o kill_v or_o take_v verona_n be_v about_o to_o revolt_v be_v prevent_v by_o the_o sieur_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr palisse_n who_o secure_v it_o till_o the_o emperor_n who_o expect_v supply_n out_o of_o germany_n and_o flanders_n send_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o he_o make_v up_o a_o army_n of_o 30000_o men._n the_o king_n of_o france_n send_v he_o 1300_o horse_n the_o pope_n 300_o and_o afterward_o 1000_o spanish_n foot_n with_o these_o force_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o milan_n on_o the_o 5_o of_o september_n the_o earl_n of_o pitillano_n and_o all_o the_o chief_a commander_n of_o venice_n throw_v themselves_o into_o the_o city_n their_o great_a strength_n consist_v in_o 2000_o albanian_a horse_n who_o do_v much_o harm_n among_o the_o imperialist_n a_o breach_n be_v make_v the_o city_n be_v assault_v but_o the_o enemy_n repulse_v twice_o fresh_a supply_n still_o come_v in_o to_o the_o besiege_a till_o they_o make_v up_o 25000_o men._n in_o the_o first_o attack_v many_o of_o the_o spaniard_n be_v kill_v be_v blow_v up_o in_o a_o bastion_n they_o gain_v this_o discourage_v the_o imperialist_n so_o that_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o october_n they_o raise_v the_o siege_n their_o retreat_n soon_o change_v the_o face_n of_o affair_n the_o people_n of_o vicenza_n be_v assist_v from_o milan_n take_v gaspar_n de_fw-fr sanseverino_n leave_v in_o that_o city_n with_o 3000_o german_n the_o force_n of_o venice_n recover_v este_n monfilice_fw-la and_o montagnana_n and_o then_o lay_v siege_n to_o ferrara_n but_o the_o force_n of_o france_n and_o the_o pope_n come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o town_n and_o have_v sink_v 17_o of_o their_o galley_n on_o the_o po_n they_o be_v force_v to_o draw_v off_o andrew_n gritti_n have_v before_o take_v the_o marquis_n of_o mantua_n and_o be_v about_o change_v he_o for_o bartholome_n d'_fw-fr albiano_n who_o be_v in_o great_a esteem_n though_o blame_v for_o his_o rashness_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o abdua_n verona_n be_v dispose_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o venetian_n d._n jhen_o manuel_n be_v in_o it_o with_o 2000_o spaniard_n ill_o pay_v but_o some_o french_a force_n come_v and_o secure_v that_o place_n the_o main_a strength_n of_o the_o french_a army_n lie_v between_o bressa_n and_o verona_n john_n james_n trivulcio_n be_v in_o bressa_n d._n john_n manuel_n resign_v his_o command_n to_o one_o luis_n de_fw-fr biamonte_n who_o have_v be_v some_o year_n in_o the_o french_a service_n chap._n viii_o the_o accord_n betwixt_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n ferdinand_n bugia_n and_o tripoli_n in_o barbary_n take_v by_o the_o spaniard_n and_o goa_n in_o india_n by_o the_o portuguese_n after_o the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n constable_n of_o navarrè_n die_v the_o catholic_n king_n be_v the_o more_o press_v with_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n to_o restore_v luis_n de_fw-fr biamonte_n son_n to_o the_o decease_a and_o war._n his_o own_o nephew_n nothing_o can_v be_v obtain_v though_o it_o be_v plead_v the_o son_n have_v no_o hand_n in_o his_o father_n crime_n the_o people_n of_o sanguessa_n make_v a_o inroad_n into_o arragon_n on_o pretence_n to_o take_v ul_a and_o filera_fw-la which_o town_n they_o say_v belong_v to_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o arragonian_n ravage_v all_o the_o plain_a of_o sanguessa_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n these_o thing_n seem_v to_o tend_v to_o a_o war_n but_o be_v private_a grievance_n they_o be_v not_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o breach_n d._n luis_n seek_v to_o recover_v his_o estate_n by_o force_n of_o arms._n the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o spain_n propose_v some_o mean_n to_o agree_v about_o the_o government_n the_o catholic_n king_n though_o well_o fix_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o it_o be_v willing_a to_o agree_v to_o prevent_v disorder_n which_o the_o discontent_a nobility_n seem_v to_o threaten_v yet_o he_o will_v keep_v the_o government_n as_o long_o as_o his_o daughter_n live_v but_o if_o she_o die_v then_o to_o resign_v to_o prince_n charles_n when_o he_o be_v 20_o year_n of_o age._n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o cardinal_n d'_fw-fr amboise_n be_v choose_v arbitrator_n andrew_n de_fw-fr burgo_n come_v to_o spain_n to_o capitulate_v and_o be_v well_o receive_v the_o bishop_n of_o catania_n be_v with_o the_o emperor_n upon_o the_o same_o account_n at_o length_n these_o two_o prince_n agree_v upon_o these_o article_n that_o the_o catholic_n ferdinand_n king_n shall_v continue_v in_o the_o government_n but_o in_o case_n he_o have_v any_o issue_n male_a than_o prince_n charles_n shall_v again_o be_v swear_v heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n in_o the_o cortes_n and_o king_n ferdinand_n shall_v also_o swear_v to_o govern_v that_o kingdom_n to_o the_o prince_n advantage_n the_o emperor_n will_v have_v have_v the_o prince_n receive_v the_o revenue_n of_o
these_o as_o hard_a condition_n and_o be_v of_o a_o haughty_a spirit_n will_v have_v no_o body_n capitulate_v with_o he_o but_o submit_v to_o his_o will._n the_o catholic_n king_n see_v there_o be_v no_o expedient_a to_o prevent_v that_o mighty_a breach_n resolve_v to_o declare_v for_o the_o pope_n in_o order_n to_o it_o he_o alter_v his_o design_n of_o go_v over_o himself_o into_o africa_n and_o send_v home_o 1000_o english_a archer_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v furnish_v for_o that_o expedition_n they_o arrive_v at_o cadiz_n in_o june_n where_o he_o reward_v and_o dismiss_v they_o well_o satisfy_v moreover_o he_o article_v with_o that_o king_n that_o in_o case_n the_o king_n of_o france_n will_v not_o restore_v bolonia_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o desist_v from_o call_v a_o general_a council_n then_o the_o england_n catholic_n king_n shall_v assist_v the_o pope_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n shall_v make_v war_n in_o guiene_n to_o prevent_v the_o french_a invade_v the_o frontier_n of_o spain_n this_o do_v king_n ferdinand_n go_v away_o from_o sevil_n to_o burgos_n from_o guadalupe_n he_o send_v order_n to_o count_n peter_n navarro_n to_o go_v with_o the_o force_n he_o have_v to_o naples_n where_o d._n raimund_n de_fw-fr cardona_n the_o viceroy_n under_o pretence_n of_o the_o war_n in_o africa_n have_v all_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o kingdom_n in_o a_o readiness_n it_o be_v order_v that_o tripoli_n shall_v be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sicily_n that_o the_o viceroy_n may_v thence_o relieve_v and_o defend_v it_o d._n jayme_n de_fw-fr requesens_n be_v send_v governor_n thither_o with_o a_o good_a fleet._n this_o be_v do_v because_o the_o king_n design_v james_n de_fw-fr vera_fw-la the_o former_a governor_n to_o be_v general_n of_o his_o artillery_n d._n jayme_n enjoy_v that_o command_n but_o a_o short_a time_n for_o a_o mutiny_n happen_v among_o the_o soldier_n of_o that_o garrison_n the_o viceroy_n of_o sicily_n remove_v they_o and_o their_o 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himself_o think_v fit_a to_o connive_v at_o it_o rather_o than_o break_v with_o france_n the_o end_n of_o the_o 29_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxx_o chap._n i._o affair_n of_o india_n the_o pope_n summon_v a_o council_n to_o meet_v at_o s._n john_n lateran_n the_o league_n betwixt_o the_o pope_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o the_o venetian_n the_o war_n in_o italy_n this_o summer_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o portuguese_n advance_v glorious_o in_o india_n throug_n the_o valour_n india_n and_o conduct_n of_o alonso_n de_fw-fr albuquerque_n king_n emanuel_n of_o portugal_n understand_v some_o year_n before_o that_o beyond_o goa_n and_o calicut_n be_v the_o famous_a city_n malaca_n a_o place_n of_o great_a trade_n he_o order_v james_n lopez_n de_fw-fr sequeira_n who_o sail_v from_o lisbon_n 3_o year_n before_o this_o with_o 5_o ship_n to_o discover_v that_o place_n with_o he_o go_v garcia_n de_fw-fr sousa_n and_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr magallanes_n he_o first_o discover_v the_o island_n sumatra_n opposite_a to_o malaca_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a it_o be_v very_o large_a and_o fruitful_a divide_v into_o many_o kingdom_n and_o inhabit_a by_o moor_n and_o gentiles_n he_o trade_v with_o those_o people_n and_o then_o sail_v to_o malaca_n a_o large_a and_o rich_a city_n have_v a_o mighty_a trade_n former_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n at_o this_o time_n have_v a_o king_n of_o its_o own_o call_v mahomet_n with_o this_o king_n sequeira_n treat_v and_o they_o settle_v a_o alliance_n sequeira_n send_v roderick_n aroas_n ashore_o with_o certain_a portuguese_n to_o settle_v a_o factory_a the_o moor_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o portuguese_n attempt_v to_o seize_v the_o ship_n and_o be_v disappoint_v seize_v the_o man_n that_o be_v in_o the_o city_n those_o at_o sea_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o revenge_v that_o wrong_n they_o hoist_a sail_n and_o have_v touch_v at_o cochin_n return_v to_o portugal_n with_o what_o load_v they_o can_v get_v 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virtue_n to_o staunch_v blood_n the_o fleet_n arrive_v at_o malaca_n on_o the_o first_o of_o july_n after_o a_o vigorous_a resistance_n make_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o city_n submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n thus_o christianity_n be_v disfuse_v into_o the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o italy_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a be_v much_o impair_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o schism_n that_o be_v like_a to_o be_v the_o pope_n leave_v the_o war_n return_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o to_o oppose_v the_o design_n of_o the_o schismatic_a cardinal_n summon_v a_o general_n council_n to_o meet_v in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n john_n lateran_n on_o the_o 19_o of_o april_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n in_o that_o council_n among_o other_o thing_n he_o propose_v to_o declare_v that_o the_o present_a queen_n of_o france_n be_v not_o lawful_a wife_n to_o that_o king_n and_o that_o the_o province_n of_o normandy_n and_o guiene_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o people_n thereof_o be_v consequent_o absolve_v of_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n take_v to_o the_o french_a king_n this_o be_v in_o order_n to_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o that_o king_n he_o hereupon_o begin_v to_o give_v ear_n to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o venetian_n but_o at_o last_o think_v better_a to_o stick_v to_o the_o council_n of_o pisa_n which_o the_o emperor_n desire_v shall_v be_v remove_v to_o verona_n or_o trent_n the_o french_a king_n who_o influence_v this_o affair_n will_v not_o consent_v but_o hasten_v the_o cardinal_n to_o open_v the_o council_n at_o pisa_n but_o they_o delay_v and_o propose_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o pope_n at_o rome_n the_o pope_n deprive_v the_o four_o cardinal_n carvajal_n cosenza_n s._n malo_n and_o bayzeux_n of_o all_o their_o dignity_n though_o at_o first_o the_o college_n oppose_v it_o and_o some_o excuse_v they_o affirm_v the_o
order_v they_o to_o obey_v the_o legate_n and_o viceroy_n to_o who_o he_o send_v a_o sword_n and_o cap_n as_o also_o the_o standard_n he_o bless_v on_o christmas_n day_n the_o venetian_n neither_o send_v the_o supply_n of_o money_n they_o have_v promise_v nor_o of_o man_n but_o under_o the_o shelter_n of_o the_o league_n endeavour_v to_o recover_v what_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n of_o france_n have_v take_v from_o they_o the_o viceroy_n encamp_v four_o mile_n from_o bologna_n and_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 16_o of_o january_n within_o cannon_n shoot_v of_o the_o town_n at_o belpogio_n a_o country_n house_n of_o the_o bentivoglio_n within_o the_o city_n be_v 500_o horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n under_o the_o command_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr alegre_n the_o same_o day_n the_o viceroy_n march_v towards_o bologna_n the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n take_v bastida_n and_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o viceroy_n take_v up_o his_o quarter_n at_o belpoggio_n the_o marquis_n of_o padula_n and_o count_n de_fw-fr populo_fw-la advance_v with_o the_o foot_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o monastery_n call_v s._n michael_n de_fw-fr rosque_fw-la quench_v the_o fire_n set_v to_o it_o by_o those_o within_o there_o they_o plant_v some_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o the_o rest_n on_o a_o hill_n hard_a by_o before_o this_o advice_n be_v bring_v that_o gaston_n de_fw-fr foix_n duke_n of_o nemours_n be_v at_o parma_n gather_v his_o force_n which_o be_v 800_o lance_n 1000_o light_a horse_n and_o 3000_o foot_n and_o be_v to_o join_v at_o final_a 20_o mile_n from_o bologna_n the_o troop_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n be_v 2000_o gascon_n and_o some_o horse_n all_o this_o in_o order_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n fabricius_n colona_n lie_v about_o cento_n and_o pieve_v with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n to_o observe_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o french_a the_o viceroy_n order_v he_o to_o come_v to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o move_v the_o battery_n to_o that_o side_n the_o wall_z be_v there_o weak_a but_o soon_o after_o it_o be_v agree_v the_o army_n shall_v lie_v all_o together_o to_o secure_v the_o cannon_n and_o repulse_v the_o relief_n the_o artillery_n be_v plant_v betwixt_o s._n michael_n and_o the_o florence_n gate_n on_o the_o 28_o of_o january_n they_o begin_v to_o play_v part_v of_o the_o wall_n be_v beat_v down_o and_o some_o soldier_n get_v into_o a_o tower_n where_o they_o display_v the_o colour_n but_o be_v soon_o drive_v out_o by_o the_o besiege_a count_n peter_n navarro_n finish_v a_o mine_n and_o have_v set_v fire_n to_o it_o the_o wall_n be_v lift_v up_o so_o that_o they_o without_o see_v those_o in_o the_o town_n and_o the_o townsman_n those_o in_o the_o field_n under_o the_o wall_n yet_o it_o sell_v again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o settle_v as_o fast_o as_o at_o first_o this_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o miracle_n because_o within_o adjoin_v to_o the_o wall_n be_v a_o chapel_n hold_v in_o great_a veneration_n call_v of_o baracan_a which_o like_o the_o rest_n be_v blow_v up_o and_o settle_v again_o nevertheless_o the_o city_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n when_o there_o fall_v a_o snow_n for_o 3_o day_n together_o this_o give_v the_o french_a general_n a_o opportunity_n of_o throw_v himself_o into_o the_o city_n with_o a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n without_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o sentinel_n for_o this_o reason_n and_o because_o the_o wether_n continue_v very_o severe_a the_o army_n of_o the_o confederates_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o draw_v back_o to_o s._n lazaro_n 2_o mile_n from_o bologna_n the_o force_n of_o the_o pope_n retire_v as_o far_o as_o imola_n the_o viceroy_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o s._n peter_n and_o the_o force_n be_v disperse_v in_o the_o neighbour_a place_n this_o be_v the_o event_n ofthat_o so_o much_o talk_v of_o siege_n many_o as_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o like_a case_n blame_v the_o general_n for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v without_o regard_v the_o unseasonableness_n of_o the_o weather_n he_o have_v let_v slip_v 8_o day_n in_o which_o he_o may_v have_v make_v a_o considerable_a advance_n that_o the_o army_n encamp_v far_o from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v that_o the_o trench_n be_v not_o well_o carry_v on_o nor_o the_o mine_n right_o place_v in_o fine_a that_o the_o guard_n be_v so_o ill_o keep_v they_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o opportunity_n of_o get_v into_o the_o town_n without_o be_v discover_v the_o truth_n be_v the_o wether_n be_v unseasonable_a and_o neither_o the_o swiss_n come_v as_o be_v expect_v nor_o do_v the_o venetian_n send_v any_o supply_n of_o men._n there_o be_v at_o this_o siege_n among_o the_o rest_n antony_n de_fw-fr leyva_n captain_n alvarado_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o pescara_n d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr avalos_n who_o be_v afterward_o a_o most_o renown_a general_n the_o king_n of_o england_n prepare_v to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n will_v permit_v to_o invade_v the_o province_n of_o guienne_n france_n in_o france_n those_o king_n of_o old_a pretend_v a_o title_n to_o that_o country_n and_o luiz_n carroz_n the_o ambassador_n press_v he_o to_o undertake_v that_o expedition_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o catholic_n king_n thomas_n grace_n marquis_n of_o dorset_n the_o king_n cousin-german_n be_v appoint_v general_n of_o the_o english_a army_n the_o catholic_n king_n think_v it_o convenient_a for_o that_o time_n to_o give_v over_o the_o conquest_n of_o africa_n and_o to_o draw_v out_o the_o force_n that_o be_v at_o oran_n leave_v only_o as_o many_o as_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o place_n he_o order_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v divide_v 600_o house_n be_v appoint_v 200_o for_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o foot_n the_o house_n orchard_n and_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n be_v distribute_v among_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o the_o place_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o maintain_v for_o the_o great_a encouragement_n of_o people_n to_o come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o it_o be_v grant_v they_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o manner_n of_o tax_n and_o imposition_n beside_o that_o they_o be_v to_o receive_v pay_n on_o the_o last_o of_o janaary_a queen_n mary_n of_o portugal_n be_v deliver_v at_o lisbon_n of_o a_o son_n call_v prince_n henry_n who_o be_v afterward_o a_o cardinal_n and_o last_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o nephew_n king_n sebastian_n come_v to_o be_v king_n of_o portugal_n the_o same_o day_n this_o prince_n be_v bear_v it_o snow_v very_o much_o at_o lisbon_n a_o thing_n extraordinary_a in_o that_o city_n curious_a person_n say_v that_o snow_n denote_v the_o innocence_n of_o his_o life_n which_o be_v very_o holy_a and_o the_o pureness_n of_o his_o chastity_n which_o he_o preserve_v as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v he_o be_v in_o his_o countenance_n the_o like_a to_o his_o father_n of_o all_o the_o brother_n king_n ferdinand_n be_v now_o at_o burgos_n there_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o february_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o constable_n d._n bernardin_n de_fw-fr velasco_n he_o contract_v the_o earl_n daughter_n juliana_n grandchild_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o lady_n joanna_n of_o arragon_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr velasco_n elder_a son_n to_o d._n inigo_n who_o succeed_v his_o brother_n bernardin_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o haro_n and_o the_o dignity_n of_o constable_n the_o absence_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o nemours_n give_v a_o opportunity_n and_o courage_n to_o the_o people_n of_o bressa_n and_o bergamo_n to_o revolt_v from_o the_o french_a and_o submit_v themselves_o again_o to_o the_o venetian_n except_v the_o castle_n which_o the_o french_a still_o keep_v this_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o dangerous_a consequence_n be_v a_o venetian_n precedent_n for_o all_o the_o other_o city_n which_o have_v be_v new_o conquer_v to_o do_v the_o like_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n have_v relieve_v bolonia_n he_o resolve_v to_o 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oppose_v our_o army_n their_o force_n be_v 800_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 8000_o foot_n the_o dauphin_n lie_v at_o garriz_n with_o another_o great_a body_n ready_a to_o second_v they_o this_o only_o wait_v the_o come_n of_o king_n john_n with_o his_o force_n to_o march_v into_o navarre_n in_o hope_n of_o their_o come_v the_o people_n of_o the_o valley_n of_o salazar_n and_o roncales_n revolt_v from_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o marshal_n of_o navarre_n also_o who_o till_o then_o have_v stand_v neuter_n declare_v for_o france_n and_o go_v away_o thither_o from_o tudela_n whither_o king_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o meet_v the_o queen_n after_o she_o have_v break_v up_o the_o cortes_n of_o arragon_n at_o monçon_n this_o cause_v king_n john_n to_o hasten_v his_o march_n there_o be_v two_o pass_n through_o the_o mountain_n betwixt_o navarre_n and_o france_n one_o be_v call_v valderroncal_n the_o other_o valderronça_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o french_a valderronças_n be_v s._n john_n the_o pied_a de_fw-fr porte_fw-fr where_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n then_o be_v through_o the_o other_o pass_v the_o king_n lead_v his_o army_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o october_n with_o he_o go_v the_o sieur_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr palisse_n the_o spaniard_n be_v no_o where_o strong_a enough_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n yet_o several_a commander_n post_v themselves_o in_o the_o straits_n of_o the_o mountain_n among_o the_o rest_n ferdinand_n valdez_n take_v his_o post_n at_o burgi_n which_o place_n be_v very_o weak_a the_o enemy_n come_v on_o assault_v that_o place_n and_o though_o they_o lose_v 400_o man_n carry_v it_o kill_v many_o of_o the_o defendant_n and_o among_o they_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr valdez_n it_o be_v report_v he_o expose_v himself_o to_o that_o danger_n out_o of_o despair_n because_o when_o he_o return_v after_o the_o battle_n of_o ravenna_n the_o king_n say_v the_o good_a man_n be_v leave_v there_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n consider_v the_o danger_n pamplona_n be_v in_o left_a 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contrivance_n of_o laurence_n de_fw-fr medicis_n his_o kinsman_n upon_o his_o death_n the_o citizen_n choose_v for_o their_o duke_n cosmo_n de_fw-fr medicis_n kinsman_n to_o the_o late_a duke_n but_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n the_o emperor_n hold_v the_o diet_n of_o the_o empire_n at_o worm_n where_o a_o edict_n be_v publish_v worm_n against_o the_o lutheran_n but_o it_o be_v of_o no_o force_n those_o people_n be_v then_o in_o arms._n all_o man_n wish_v for_o a_o general_n council_n but_o there_o be_v great_a difficulty_n that_o obstruct_v it_o however_o the_o pope_n summon_v the_o council_n and_o appoint_v the_o city_n of_o mantua_n first_o and_o then_o that_o of_o vincenza_n for_o it_o to_o be_v hold_v in_o both_o those_o place_n be_v in_o italy_n and_o not_o far_o from_o germany_n the_o heretic_n pretend_v that_o the_o pope_n as_o a_o guilty_a person_n can_v not_o be_v a_o judge_n nor_o the_o bishop_n as_o be_v oblige_v to_o he_o by_o oath_n they_o require_v the_o council_n shall_v be_v free_a and_o hold_v in_o germany_n what_o they_o aim_v at_o can_v not_o be_v any_o way_n allow_v for_o how_o can_v they_o either_o as_o person_n accuse_v or_o accuser_n set_v up_o for_o judge_n to_o exclude_v the_o bishop_n be_v never_o practise_v and_o even_o the_o secular_a prince_n themselves_o refuse_v to_o determine_v matter_n of_o faith_n their_o design_n be_v only_o to_o baffle_v and_o delay_v time_n solyman_n the_o eunuch_n bassa_n govern_v egypt_n for_o the_o great_a turk_n by_o his_o order_n he_o fit_v out_o a_o fleet_n of_o 80_o sail_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o sail_v into_o the_o ocean_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o most_o important_a fortress_n of_o diu_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cambaya_n intend_v to_o drive_v the_o portuguese_n turk_n out_o of_o india_n and_o whole_o exclude_v they_o their_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n the_o siege_n be_v carry_v furious_o and_o with_o obstinacy_n but_o the_o portuguese_n behave_v themselves_o with_o such_o bravery_n that_o the_o turk_n be_v force_v to_o desist_v and_o return_v home_o with_o great_a loss_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o pope_n appoint_v nine_o cardinal_n to_o consider_v of_o all_o thing_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v reform_v they_o compose_v a_o book_n contain_v the_o head_n of_o many_o thing_n to_o this_o purpose_n a_o league_n against_o the_o turk_n be_v also_o propose_v it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o pope_n emperor_n and_o venetian_n shall_v join_v their_o fleet_n to_o this_o intent_n and_o that_o the_o french_a turk_n king_n may_v not_o be_v any_o hindrance_n to_o they_o they_o resolve_v to_o have_v a_o conference_n with_o he_o at_o nice_a in_o provence_n anno_fw-la 1538._o this_o be_v determine_v the_o pope_n though_o then_o very_a old_a make_v haste_n thither_o the_o emperor_n come_v from_o spain_n by_o sea_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n by_o land_n the_o meeting_n be_v in_o may._n after_o a_o long_a debate_n no_o peace_n can_v be_v conclude_v but_o a_o truce_n be_v agree_v on_o for_o ten_o year_n year_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v bring_v about_o that_o the_o emperor_n and_o french_a king_n shall_v come_v together_o the_o emperor_n promise_v to_o marry_v his_o bastard_n daughter_n margaret_n then_z widow_z of_o duke_n alexander_n de_fw-fr medicis_n to_o octavius_n farnesius_n the_o pope_n grandson_n however_o the_o emperor_n in_o his_o return_n to_o spain_n see_v the_o french_a king_n at_o aiques_n mortes_n they_o be_v together_o two_o day_n and_o confer_v in_o private_a for_o several_a time_n the_o chief_a meet_v thing_n conclude_v upon_o be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v pardon_v andrew_n doria_n and_o receive_v he_o again_o into_o favour_n he_o with_o the_o emperor_n pope_n and_o the_o venetian_a galley_n in_o the_o golph_n of_o larta_n in_o albania_n near_o the_o morea_n take_v castelnovo_n from_o the_o turk_n but_o barbarussa_n come_v up_o with_o the_o turkish_a fleet_n near_o prevesa_n put_v he_o to_o flight_n without_o any_o considerable_a resistance_n thus_o all_o those_o preparation_n prove_v fruitless_a and_o the_o next_o year_n castelnovo_n be_v retake_v by_o the_o turk_n with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o spanish_a garrison_n leave_v there_o the_o venetian_n conclude_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o turk_n which_o produce_v a_o last_a peace_n in_o england_n the_o bone_n of_o s._n thomas_n of_o canterbury_n be_v burn_v monastery_n subvert_v and_o monk_n and_o friar_n force_v to_o change_v their_o habit_n and_o go_v like_o layman_n or_o secular_a priest_n anno_fw-la 1539._o at_o toledo_n in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o fuensalida_n on_o the_o 1_o st_z of_o may_n die_v elizabeth_n the_o empress_n her_o body_n be_v carry_v to_o granada_n the_o emperor_n retire_v for_o some_o day_n to_o die_v the_o monastery_n of_o sisla_n of_o the_o order_n of_o s._n hierome_n this_o lady_n leave_v three_o child_n prince_n philip_n the_o princess_n mary_n afterward_o marry_v to_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o second_o and_o the_o lady_n joanna_n wife_n to_o prince_n john_n of_o portugal_n illegitimate_a issue_n the_o emperor_n have_v d._n john_n of_o austria_n get_v after_o he_o be_v a_o widower_n and_o the_o lady_n margaret_n of_o austria_n get_v before_o he_o marry_v george_n duke_n of_o saxony_n a_o great_a enemy_n to_o luther_n depart_v this_o life_n his_o brother_n henry_n already_o a_o luther_n a_o succeed_v he_o maurice_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o be_v son_n to_o this_o henry_n anno_fw-la 1540_o the_o city_n ghent_n in_o flanders_n be_v in_o rebellion_n on_o account_n of_o a_o new_a tax_n lay_v towards_o defray_v ghent_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o war._n the_o emperor_n resolve_v to_o repair_v thither_o in_o person_n to_o gain_v time_n take_v his_o way_n through_o france_n henry_n and_o charles_n that_o king_n two_o son_n come_v to_o meet_v he_o on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o accompany_v he_o from_o orleans_n to_o paris_n it_o be_v a_o 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he_o die_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o these_o preparation_n the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n be_v substitute_v in_o his_o place_n he_o set_v sail_n in_o june_n with_o fair_a wether_n and_o have_v turn_v cape_n finisterre_n off_o of_o coruna_n a_o violent_a storm_n so_o scatter_v and_o disable_v the_o fleet_n that_o they_o can_v not_o put_v to_o sea_n again_o till_o september_n at_o length_n it_o come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o flanders_n the_o english_a fleet_n always_o hover_v upon_o their_o skirt_n who_o cannon_n and_o the_o many_o sand_n banks_n much_o endanger_v our_o fleet._n some_o ship_n be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o many_o sore_o batter_v by_o their_o shot_n for_o which_o reason_n endeavour_v to_o return_v home_o round_o the_o north_n of_o scotland_n many_o ship_n perish_v in_o that_o stormy_a season_n and_o long_a voyage_n beside_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o cold_a and_o want_v of_o provision_n consume_v most_o of_o the_o man_n so_o that_o very_o few_o ship_n 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himself_o king_n of_o france_n and_o go_v through_o many_o trouble_v before_o he_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o quiet_a possession_n of_o that_o kingdom_n portugal_n be_v this_o year_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v embroil_v for_o the_o english_a fleet_n come_v before_o portugal_n lisbon_n upon_o pretence_n of_o restore_v antony_n the_o bastard_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o come_v with_o the_o fleet_n himself_o and_o land_v with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o man_n encamp_v before_o the_o city_n but_o find_v there_o be_v no_o commotion_n within_o the_o prince_z cardinal_z and_o count_n de_fw-fr fuentes_n have_v secure_v all_o thing_n he_o be_v force_v for_o want_v of_o provision_n to_o turn_v back_o and_o soon_o after_o the_o whole_a fleet_n have_v do_v nothing_o worth_a remember_v return_v for_o england_n their_o departure_n deliver_v spain_n from_o great_a apprehension_n at_o lisbon_n a_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v discover_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o pretend_a 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soon_o bishopric_n after_o give_v it_o the_o title_n and_o privilege_n of_o a_o city_n dr._n bartholomew_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plaça_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n about_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n the_o flood_n be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o river_n at_o sevill_n break_v into_o the_o city_n do_v much_o harm_n at_o the_o customhouse_n the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v entire_o reconcile_v to_o the_o church_n be_v at_o last_o absolve_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o immediate_o all_o his_o kingdom_n submit_v to_o he_o d_o peter_n de_fw-fr toledo_n marquis_n of_o villafranca_n on_o the_o 23th_o of_o september_n take_v and_o plunder_v the_o city_n patras_n in_o the_o morca_n have_v go_v from_o messina_n with_o 20_o galley_n upon_o that_o design_n anno_fw-la 1596._o sir_n francis_n drake_n land_v man_n at_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_fw-es in_o america_n design_v to_o march_v over_o america_n that_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n and_o plunder_v panama_n the_o spaniard_n take_v the_o alarm_n 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leisure_n to_o withstand_v he_o that_o be_v far_a off_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr castrillo_n resign_v the_o office_n of_o precedent_n of_o castille_n his_o majesty_n consent_v on_o account_n of_o his_o continual_a infirmity_n d._n james_n riquelme_n bishop_n of_o plasencia_n be_v choose_v precedent_n of_o castille_n in_o his_o place_n and_o he_o die_v soon_o after_o d._n james_n valladares_n then_o bishop_n of_o oviedo_n and_o afterward_o of_o placencia_n succeed_v he_o this_o year_n portugal_n be_v threaten_v with_o a_o civil_a war_n for_o prince_n peter_n young_a brother_n to_o alonso_n king_n of_o portugal_n not_o only_o revolt_v from_o he_o but_o cast_v he_o into_o prison_n upon_o pretence_n brother_n that_o he_o be_v not_o of_o capacity_n to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n not_o content_a with_o his_o crown_n he_o also_o charge_v he_o of_o be_v impotent_a and_o thereupon_o take_v from_o he_o his_o wife_n who_o he_o also_o marry_v have_v to_o authorise_v this_o act_n god_n know_v by_o what_o practice_n obtain_v a_o dispensation_n from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n it_o be_v report_v the_o king_n have_v make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o prison_n which_o have_v it_o be_v true_a will_v have_v turn_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o that_o kingdom_n for_o doubtless_o he_o can_v not_o among_o foreign_a prince_n have_v fail_v of_o succour_n and_o he_o have_v many_o friend_n at_o home_n who_o will_v have_v show_v themselves_o if_o a_o opportunity_n have_v present_v but_o better_a care_n be_v take_v to_o secure_v that_o unfortunate_a king_n the_o great_a turk_n after_o the_o defeat_n of_o his_o fleet_n and_o the_o loss_n sustain_v by_o the_o prime_a vizier_n at_o candia_n prepare_v to_o set_v out_o another_o numerous_a fleet_n and_o to_o that_o effect_n send_v order_n to_o all_o his_o bassa_n to_z gather_v all_o the_o vessel_n they_o can_v in_o order_n to_o send_v powerful_a succour_n to_o the_o vizier_n at_o candia_n in_o poland_n the_o diet_n be_v all_o in_o confusion_n about_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a king_n some_o of_o the_o elector_n refuse_v to_o sit_v till_o all_o foreign_a minister_n be_v depart_v from_o cracow_n and_o particular_o the_o french_a ambassador_n but_o he_o have_v too_o many_o friend_n among_o the_o palatine_n who_o stand_v by_o he_o and_o therefore_o the_o opposite_a party_n can_v not_o prevail_v anno_fw-la 1669._o prince_n peter_n of_o portugal_n to_o rid_v himself_o of_o king_n alonso_n his_o brother_n who_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n may_v cause_v some_o trouble_n give_v in_o charge_n to_o a_o gentleman_n in_o who_o he_o repose_v great_a confidence_n tercera_n to_o carry_v he_o to_o the_o island_n terceras_fw-la this_o gentleman_n the_o day_n before_o he_o be_v to_o have_v depart_v enter_v himself_o among_o the_o jesuit_n and_o take_v the_o habit._n the_o prince_n cause_v the_o monastery_n to_o be_v beset_v and_o take_v he_o forcible_o out_o cast_v he_o into_o prison_n many_o judgement_n be_v make_v upon_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o the_o courtier_n who_o pretend_v to_o see_v far_o than_o other_o man_n suspect_v the_o gentleman_n have_v order_n to_o kill_v the_o king_n by_o the_o way_n and_o to_o give_v it_o out_o that_o he_o have_v die_v a_o natural_a death_n how_o true_a this_o be_v be_v not_o we_o to_o decide_v god_n who_o suffer_v none_o to_o pass_v unpunished_a will_v judge_v of_o it_o her_n catholic_n majesty_n have_v regard_n to_o the_o great_a merit_n and_o extraordinary_a service_n of_o d._n john_n of_o austria_n be_v please_v to_o constitute_v he_o lord_n lieutenant_n and_o captain_z general_n of_o arragon_n arragon_n and_o vicar_n general_n of_o valencia_n sardinia_n majorca_n and_o the_o adjacent_a island_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o catalonia_n and_o earldom_n of_o rousillon_n and_o cerdagne_n with_o all_o other_o dependency_n upon_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n f._n everard_n nitard_n the_o queen_n confessor_n and_o a_o jesuit_n
sertorius_n 40_o monastery_n found_v 89_o monk_n cast_v off_o their_o subjection_n to_o the_o bishop_n 155_o moor_n 12000_o of_o they_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n their_o second_o come_v 98_o their_o progress_n in_o spain_n 99_o from_o spain_n they_o invade_v france_n 104_o 37000_o kill_v in_o one_o battle_n by_o charles_n martel_n 105_o in_o rebellion_n at_o toledo_n and_o at_o cordova_n 111_o overthrow_v 30000_o of_o they_o kill_v in_o a_o battle_n 122_o their_o kingdom_n divide_v into_o many_o small_a principality_n they_o buy_v a_o peace_n 133_o rise_v against_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o be_v suppress_v 143_o intercede_v for_o the_o queen_n and_o archbishop_n 152_o rout_v by_o the_o christian_n 156_o 60000_o of_o they_o kill_v 199_o 20000_o overthrow_v fol._n 208_o p._n 2_o vanquish_a in_o a_o sea_n fight_n 210_o &_o 234_o banish_a valencia_n fol._n 212_o p._n 2_o begin_v the_o war._n fol._n 214_o p._n 2_o of_o granada_n expel_v their_o king_n 10000_o of_o they_o slay_v with_o 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arragon_n and_o castille_n 187_o unite_a to_o castille_n invade_v by_o the_o french_a 551_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n 549_o pacify_v navarrois_fw-mi and_o arragonian_n make_v war._n 536_o navarrois_n twice_o defeat_v 175_o navas_n de_fw-fr tolosa_n battle_n why_o so_o call_v 190_o nabuchadnezzar_n say_v to_o conquer_v spain_n 11_o nero_n reign_v 14_o year_n kill_v himself_o 53_o nerva_n reign_v 16_o month_n 55_o new_a debate_n in_o arragon_n fol._n 215_o p._n 2_o trouble_v in_o castille_n 338_o &_o 520_o and_o breach_n of_o peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n 352_o commotion_n in_o castille_n 366_o war_n in_o naples_n 386_o nicholas_n pope_n die_v 383_o nigidius_n rout_v by_o viriatus_n 36_o nineteen_o sail_n of_o infidel_n destroy_v 503_o nobility_n of_o castille_n raise_v tumult_n 340_o support_v in_o rebellion_n by_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n 375_o conspire_v against_o their_o king_n fol._n 216_o p._n 2_o reconcile_v 311_o nobility_n of_o naples_n favour_n the_o arragonian_n 359_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o spain_n 506_o nobleman_n secure_a to_o themselves_o all_o strong_a hold_v 430_o noble_n of_o castille_n reconcile_v to_o king_n alonso_n 216_o noble_n of_o castille_n join_v with_o portugal_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o rightful_a heiress_n 423_o noble_n in_o castille_n for_o and_o against_o king_n philip_n 514_o norbanus_n triumph_n over_o spain_n 49_o norman_n infest_v the_o coast_n of_o spain_n 114_o &_o 126_o their_o action_n in_o italy_n their_o earl_n and_o king_n 148_o notable_a combat_n of_o 11_o person_n on_o each_o side_n 493_o notable_a valour_n of_o a_o spaniard_n 504_o note_n of_o the_o translator_n 107_o &_o 110_o numantia_n its_o description_n term_n of_o peace_n it_o make_v with_o sempronius_n gracchus_n 33_o prosecrtion_n of_o the_o war._n 34_o revolt_v again_o be_v besiege_v by_o pompey_n 38_o destroy_v by_o scipio_n 40_o nuptial_n in_o germany_n o_o obeydalla_n call_v himself_o king_n of_o toledo_n 132_o 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french_a and_o arragonian_n at_o variance_n henry_n k._n of_o castille_n die_v castille_n divide_v betwixt_o the_o rightful_a princess_n joanna_n and_o elizabeth_n the_o usurper_n 1475._o ferdinand_n receive_v in_o castille_n marquess_z de_fw-fr villena_n his_o double_a deal_v noble_n of_o castille_n join_v with_o portugal_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o rightful_a heiress_n ferdinand_n labour_v to_o gain_v the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n alonso_n k._n of_o portugal_n proclaim_v king_n of_o castille_n be_v contract_v to_o the_o rightful_a heiress_n french_a and_o portugese_n force_n against_o castille_n 1476_o john_n pr._n of_o portugal_n come_v to_o his_o father_n assistance_n into_o castille_n fight_v betwixt_o the_o portague_n and_o castilian_a army_n defeat_v of_o the_o portuguese_n great_a disorder_n throughout_o casile_n faction_n in_o navarre_n alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n go_v over_o into_o africa_n and_o thence_o into_o france_n endeavour_n to_o pacify_v navarre_n toro_n 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granada_n destroy_v one_o another_o defeat_v of_o the_o moor_n moorish_a king_n take_v moorish_a king_n set_v at_o liberty_n rebellion_n in_o navarre_n 1484._o pope_n sixtus_n die_v innocent_n the_o 8_o succeed_v alcara_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n boabdil_n the_o moorish_a king_n fly_v to_o cordova_n ronda_n take_v christian_n defeat_v rebellion_n in_o naples_n tumult_n in_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n 1482._o azamor_n in_o africa_n submit_v to_o the_o portuguese_n division_n among_o the_o infidel_n loxa_n and_o other_o place_n take_v 1487._o king_n ferdinand_n take_v malaga_n and_o other_o place_n discovery_n of_o the_o portuguese_n trouble_n in_o arragon_n stop_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n of_o granada_n 1488._o several_a place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o moor_n recover_v the_o lose_v to_n mastership_n of_o military_a order_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n 1489._o three_o city_n and_o oath_n small_a town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n 1490._o the_o moorish_a king_n submit_v 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inseparable_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n original_a of_o the_o neapolitan_a war._n 1494_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v french_z invade_v naples_n luis_n sforcia_n duke_n of_o milan_n french_a king_n at_o rome_n 1495._o alonso_z king_n of_o naples_n abdicate_v league_n against_o the_o french_a french_a king_n return_v home_o venetian_n overthrow_v by_o the_o french_a ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n successful_a against_o the_o french_a john_n ii_o king_n of_o portugal_n die_v agreement_n between_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o french_a king_n 1496._o progress_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o italy_n ferdinand_n of_o spain_n call_v catholic_n king_n by_o the_o pope_n emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n settle_v the_o government_n england_n enter_v into_o the_o league_n against_o france_n ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v the_o emperor_n besieges_n leghorn_n in_o vain_a the_o pope_n invade_v the_o land_n of_o the_o urfini_n duke_n of_o gandia_n murder_v proposal_n concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n progress_n of_o the_o portuguse_n discovery_n 〈…〉_z mozambique_n discover_v description_n of_o india_n vasco_n de_fw-fr gama_n at_o calicut_n vasco_n return_v to_o portugal_n account_v of_o the_o navigation_n of_o vasco_n de_fw-fr gama_n 2_o daughter_n of_o k._n ferdinand_n match_v 1497._o john_n prince_n of_o castille_n die_v prince_n of_o salerno_n expel_v naples_n accord_v betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n 1498._o charles_n vii_o king_n of_o france_n die_v luis_n xii_o succeed_v he_o hierome_n savanarola_n a_o famous_a preacher_n in_o florence_n burn_v king_n of_o portugal_n swear_v heir_n of_o castille_n queen_n of_o portugal_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n dies_z 1499._o perplexity_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n 1499._o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n expel_v his_o dukedom_n university_n of_o alcalá_n found_v moor_n in_o the_o mountain_n rebel_n ferdinand_n assist_v the_o venetian_n birth_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o 5_o the_o fr._n possess_v themselves_o 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bury_v and_o place_v priest_n therein_o hispalus_n and_o hercules_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o latter_a before_o his_o death_n appoint_v hesperus_n brother_n to_o atlas_n and_o one_o of_o his_o compavion_n to_o succeed_v he_o the_o fame_n of_o this_o hesperus's_n hesperus_n valour_n and_o virtue_n gain_v he_o such_o credit_n among_o the_o people_n that_o of_o he_o some_o greek_a and_o latin_a author_n say_v spain_n be_v afterward_o call_v hesperia_n though_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n it_o be_v from_o hesperus_n the_o evening_n star_n the_o good_a fortune_n of_o this_o king_n be_v not_o lasting_a for_o his_o brother_n atlas_n offend_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o come_v over_o into_o spain_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n soon_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n reign_v hesperus_n thus_o forsake_v flee_v into_o italy_n where_o he_o be_v friendly_o entertain_v and_o soon_o after_o constitute_v tutor_n to_o the_o young_a king_n 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be_v assign_v the_o build_n of_o valencia_n the_o three_o be_v palatuus_fw-la from_o he_o they_o write_v the_o palatui_n and_o the_o city_n palencia_n take_v their_o name_n such_o another_o be_v erithrus_n feign_v to_o have_v come_v from_o beyond_o the_o red_a sea_n last_o among_o these_o be_v melicola_n call_v also_o gargoris_n of_o who_o justin_n make_v mention_v i_o will_v not_o whole_o omit_v the_o name_n of_o these_o king_n such_o as_o they_o be_v because_o learned_a man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o ignorant_a have_v stumble_v upon_o they_o though_o they_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o no_o better_a than_o old_a woman_n tale_n i_o suppose_v justin_n call_v siculus_n sicorus_n which_o i_o note_v that_o none_o may_v be_v deceive_v and_o imagine_v they_o be_v two_o distinct_a king_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o come_n of_o several_a nation_n into_o spain_n as_o the_o celts_n rhodian_n carthaginian_n and_o phoenicians_n also_o of_o abide_v and_o a_o wonderful_a dearth_n it_o be_v impossible_a 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another_o call_v amphilochia_n by_o the_o roman_n call_v aquae_n calidae_n by_o the_o suevi_n auria_n now_o orense_n next_o tydeus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v attempt_v several_a part_n of_o the_o spanish_a coast_n but_o that_o meeting_n opposition_n he_o sail_v on_o to_o the_o northern_a coast_n of_o portugal_n where_o betwixt_o the_o river_n minho_n and_o lima_n he_o found_v the_o city_n tuy_n in_o latin_a tude_n or_o tyde_n strabo_n write_v that_o mnesteus_n the_o athenian_a with_o a_o fleet_n come_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n belon_n now_o guadalete_fw-la where_o he_o build_v a_o city_n of_o his_o own_o name_n and_o be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v now_o port_n st._n marry_o and_o beside_o a_o temple_n between_o the_o two_o branch_n of_o guadalquivir_n which_o be_v call_v oraculum_fw-la mnesteum_n to_o conclude_v strabo_n and_o solinus_n affirm_v that_o ulysses_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o build_v the_o city_n of_o lisbon_n from_o he_o in_o latin_a call_v vlysippo_n but_o 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receive_v into_o grace_n asdrubal_n barchinus_n be_v quarter_v about_o betulon_n a_o city_n suppose_v to_o be_v in_o andaluzia_n where_o now_o be_v vbeda_n and_o baeça_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 545._o will_v permit_v scipio_n 545._o advance_v from_o tarragona_n towards_o he_o but_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o suspect_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o spaniard_n that_o be_v with_o he_o by_o night_n move_v his_o camp_n to_o a_o eminence_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o foot_n whereof_o be_v encompass_v by_o a_o river_n suppose_v to_o be_v guadalquivir_fw-fr upon_o this_o hill_n be_v two_o plain_n on_o the_o low_a asdrubal_n plant_v the_o numidian_n african_n and_o mallorquin_n on_o the_o upper_a he_o encamp_v with_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n neither_o the_o roughness_n of_o the_o way_n nor_o the_o steepness_n of_o the_o ascent_n deter_v scipio_n from_o attacking_z the_o enemy_n who_o have_v more_o confidence_n in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n than_o in_o the_o courage_n of_o his_o men._n all_o the_o difficulty_n be_v in_o mount_v and_o nothing_o that_o the_o enemy_n cast_v down_o fall_v in_o vain_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o reach_v the_o first_o plain_n and_o come_v to_o their_o sword_n the_o defendant_n flee_v to_o the_o upper_a the_o ascent_n thither_o be_v more_o craggy_a than_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o go_v about_o and_o divide_v the_o army_n into_o two_o scipio_n part_n scipio_n march_v towards_o the_o left_a and_o lelius_n towards_o the_o right_n no_o soon_o have_v they_o mount_v and_o fall_v on_o on_o both_o side_n but_o the_o enemy_n flee_v for_o they_o have_v neither_o room_n to_o draw_v out_o nor_o time_n to_o place_v their_o elephant_n in_o the_o front_n 8000_o be_v slay_v 10000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n take_v and_o among_o they_o massiva_n a_o youth_n nephew_n to_o massinissa_n late_o 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the_o roman_n by_o remove_v they_o so_o far_o from_o home_n thus_o the_o carthaginian_o on_o the_o other_o side_n scipio_n because_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o spend_v return_v to_o tarragona_n through_o the_o wood_n of_o castulon_n and_o part_n of_o sierra_n morena_n where_o he_o spend_v all_o the_o next_o year_n which_o be_v 546._o without_o do_v any_o thing_n remarkable_a the_o force_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v much_o break_a from_o carthage_n instead_o of_o asdrubal_n barchinus_n come_v hanno_n 546._o to_o govern_v spain_n by_o the_o way_n he_o take_v up_o mago_n in_o the_o island_n of_o majorca_n and_o land_v in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 547._o and_o immediate_o go_v to_o raise_v man_n among_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la scipio_n send_v 547._o syllanus_n against_o he_o who_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n first_o rout_v mago_n and_o then_o take_v hanno_n who_o be_v march_v to_o relieve_v he_o next_o scipio_n resolve_v to_o move_v towards_o asdrubal_n the_o son_n of_o 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their_o camp_n asdrubal_n surprise_v at_o this_o unexpected_a boldness_n place_v his_o horse_n in_o front_n to_o check_v the_o adverse_a cavalry_n that_o give_v the_o first_o charge_n whilst_o he_o draw_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n into_o the_o field_n the_o horse_n stand_v to_o it_o so_o courageous_o that_o the_o fight_v a_o for_o long_a time_n be_v doubtful_a scipio_n withdraw_v back_o his_o cavalry_n into_o the_o centre_n of_o his_o battle_n and_o stretch_v out_o and_o advance_v the_o wing_n in_o which_o the_o roman_a legion_n fight_v thus_o before_o the_o main_a body_n join_v he_o make_v the_o enemy_n wing_n give_v way_n as_o be_v compose_v of_o mallorquin_n and_o spaniard_n both_o raw_a and_o unexperienced_a soldier_n and_o that_o come_v out_o fast_v whereas_o the_o roman_n be_v better_o provide_v though_o the_o enemy_n at_o first_o retire_v in_o order_n and_o after_o flee_v outright_o yet_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o enter_v their_o camp_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o rain_n that_o fall_v asdrubal_n terrify_v with_o this_o misfortune_n and_o fear_v least_o all_o his_o ally_n shall_v desert_v he_o as_o some_o have_v already_o do_v the_o follow_a night_n quit_v his_o camp_n design_v to_o get_v away_o by_o long_a march_n but_o in_o the_o morning_n scipio_n perceive_v he_o be_v go_v send_v the_o horse_n to_o fall_v upon_o his_o rear_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o play_n till_o the_o legion_n come_v up_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o rout_n great_a be_v the_o slaughter_n this_o day_n for_o of_o all_o that_o vast_a army_n scarce_o 7000_o escape_v with_o their_o general_n who_o climb_v a_o very_a craggy_a mountain_n a_o place_n natural_o strong_a hence_o asdrubal_n steal_v away_o private_o to_o cadiz_n and_o scipio_n with_o part_n of_o his_o army_n return_v to_o tarragona_n leave_v syllanus_n with_o the_o rest_n to_o besiege_v they_o on_o the_o hill_n among_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v massinissa_n who_o perceive_v the_o affair_n of_o carthage_n total_o decline_v resolve_v to_o side_n with_o fortune_n and_o according_o have_v a_o private_a interview_n with_o syllanus_n in_o order_n to_o come_v over_o to_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v all_o that_o be_v remarkable_a in_o that_o siege_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n and_o so_o end_v the_o power_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o spain_n which_o then_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o 14_o year_n after_o hannibal_n destroy_v saguntum_n and_o the_o 5_o after_o scipio_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n this_o tedious_a and_o dangerous_a war_n in_o spain_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n bring_v to_o a_o conclusion_n scipio_n bend_v his_o design_n against_o africa_n and_o carthage_n and_o in_o order_n to_o they_o treat_v with_o massinissa_n african_n and_o send_v he_o over_o into_o africa_n to_o dispose_v his_o people_n to_o leave_v the_o friendship_n
of_o the_o carthaginian_n this_o do_v he_o send_v lelius_n to_o treat_v with_o syphax_n king_n of_o the_o masessali_fw-la in_o africa_n who_o refuse_v to_o harken_v to_o any_o proposal_n unless_o make_v by_o the_o roman_a general_n himself_o scipio_n go_v over_o himself_o to_o his_o city_n then_o call_v siga_n suppose_v to_o be_v now_o aresgol_n because_o pliny_n say_v it_o be_v opposite_a to_o malaga_n asdrubal_n come_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o secure_v the_o friendship_n of_o that_o king_n who_o make_v some_o overture_n of_o peace_n betwixt_o those_o two_o powerful_a enemy_n but_o scipio_n say_v he_o have_v no_o instruction_n concern_v that_o affair_n that_o project_n take_v no_o effect_n and_o yet_o he_o compass_v what_o he_o come_v for_o which_o be_v to_o gain_v the_o friendship_n of_o that_o king_n no_o soon_o be_v scipio_n return_v into_o spain_n but_o he_o possess_v himself_o of_o illiturgum_n and_o castulon_n city_n that_o have_v hold_v out_o for_o the_o carthaginian_n 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to_o grace_n only_o a_o mulct_n lay_v upon_o they_o to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n massinissa_n be_v now_o again_o return_v out_o of_o africa_n to_o cadiz_n with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o numidian_a horse_n have_v not_o yet_o declare_v for_o the_o roman_n scipio_n send_v marcius_n before_o and_o design_v to_o follow_v thither_o in_o person_n which_o massinissa_n understand_v he_o come_v over_o to_o the_o continent_n upon_o pretence_n of_o make_v a_o inroad_n roman_n but_o in_o reality_n to_o treat_v with_o scipio_n where_o he_o settle_v that_o friendship_n which_o last_v as_o long_o as_o his_o life_n mago_n despair_v of_o any_o success_n in_o spain_n by_o order_n of_o the_o senate_n ship_v all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n belong_v to_o the_o public_a and_o to_o private_a person_n and_o sail_v with_o it_o for_o carthage_n by_o the_o way_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o mallorquin_n because_o they_o have_v revolt_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o easy_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o minorca_n whence_o he_o send_v 2000_o sling_n man_n and_o autumn_n be_v pass_v stay_v to_o winter_n there_o cadiz_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o scipio_n who_o about_o the_o same_o time_n found_v italica_n a_o roman_a colony_n in_o a_o place_n call_v before_o sancii_n afterward_o the_o country_n of_o three_o emperor_n trajan_n adrian_n and_o theodosius_n the_o great_a this_o do_v he_o return_v to_o rome_n in_o a_o fleet_n of_o ten_o sail_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v spain_n five_o year_n the_o senate_n receive_v he_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o bellona_n and_o though_o his_o action_n have_v deserve_v it_o they_o grant_v he_o not_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o triumph_n because_o till_o then_o it_o have_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o any_o proconsul_n scipio_n be_v go_v the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 549_o mandonius_n and_o indibilis_n 549._o either_o to_o deliver_v their_o country_n from_o a_o foreign_a yoke_n or_o in_o hope_n to_o make_v themselves_o king_n revolt_n revolt_v again_o at_o first_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o not_o only_o among_o the_o illergetes_n where_o their_o dominion_n be_v but_o among_o the_o ausetani_n that_o be_v the_o country_n about_o vique_fw-la and_o then_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o neighbour_a part_n and_o the_o sedetani_n as_o livy_n say_v i_o rather_o believe_v it_o be_v the_o ceretani_fw-la that_o reach_n to_o the_o pyrenean_n those_o that_o have_v take_v arm_n amount_v to_o 30000_o foot_n and_o 4000_o horse_n lucius_n cornelius_n lentulus_n and_o lucius_n manlius_n acidinus_n who_o have_v succeed_v scipio_n as_o proconsul_n march_v against_o they_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o 13000_o of_o the_o mutineer_n be_v kill_v the_o rest_n flee_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n indibilis_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o fight_n mandonius_n deliver_v up_o by_o his_o man_n to_o purchase_v their_o own_o pardon_n because_o the_o proconsul_n have_v declare_v they_o will_v not_o hearken_v to_o peace_n till_o the_o author_n of_o the_o revolt_n be_v give_v up_o the_o next_o year_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 550._o the_o spaniard_n be_v quiet_a be_v spend_v and_o wear_v out_o with_o so_o many_o year_n war._n but_o the_o forego_n year_n at_o rome_n publius_n cornelius_n scipio_n and_o p._n 550._o licinius_n crassus_n be_v choose_v consul_n scipio_n have_v sicily_n for_o his_o province_n with_o power_n if_o he_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o pass_v over_o into_o africa_n which_o he_o do_v with_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o fleet._n there_o he_o first_o overthrow_v hanno_n the_o son_n of_o hamilcar_n but_o make_v no_o other_o great_a progress_n that_o year_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o next_o be_v strengthen_v with_o recruit_n out_o of_o italy_n he_o twice_o rout_v asdrubal_n and_o syphax_n kill_v 40000_o of_o their_o men._n to_o conclude_v hannibal_n himself_o be_v call_v out_o of_o italy_n to_o defend_v his_o own_o country_n be_v defeat_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o africa_n whereupon_o ensue_v a_o peace_n betwixt_o those_o two_o mighty_a 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five_o year_n of_o d._n ordono_fw-it which_o be_v of_o christ_n 918._o after_o these_o great_a exploit_n the_o king_n return_v be_v receive_v in_o manner_n of_o triumph_n into_o the_o city_n leon_n which_o he_o design_v for_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o enlarge_v 918._o and_o beautify_v it_o removing_z the_o cathedral_n which_o before_o be_v without_o the_o wall_n to_o his_o own_o palace_n former_o build_v with_o much_o magnificence_n by_o the_o moor_n for_o bath_n to_o add_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o new_a church_n he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v in_o it_o by_o the_o bishop_n a_o thing_n not_o use_v before_o and_o thus_o those_o king_n before_o call_v of_o oviedo_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v call_v of_o leon._n from_o henceforward_o the_o city_n oviedo_n fall_v so_o much_o to_o decay_v that_o it_o not_o only_o lose_v the_o title_n of_o a_o archbishopric_n but_o in_o our_o day_n it_o have_v no_o vote_n in_o the_o state_n general_n or_o parliament_n 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city_n of_o egypt_n here_o they_o part_v peter_n cavillam_n for_o ormuz_n a_o island_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o thence_o to_o calicut_n alonso_z de_fw-fr payva_n undertake_v to_o examine_v the_o inland_n of_o ethiopia_n where_o he_o die_v for_o this_o reason_n and_o because_o he_o receive_v letter_n from_o the_o king_n order_v he_o not_o to_o return_v till_o he_o have_v survey_v all_o those_o province_n peter_n covillam_n go_v into_o ethiopia_n alexander_n nau_o and_o david_n successive_o emperor_n of_o ethiopia_n and_o vulgar_o call_v prester_n john_n take_v a_o affection_n to_o covillam_n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o return_v home_o but_o give_v he_o a_o wife_n and_o land_n to_o live_v upon_o since_o he_o can_v not_o return_v he_o thence_o send_v a_o account_n to_o the_o king_n in_o write_v of_o all_o he_o have_v see_v he_o say_v calicut_n be_v the_o rich_a and_o most_o famous_a place_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o the_o east_n the_o 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easy_o reconcile_v to_o the_o church_n if_o ambassador_n be_v send_v and_o peace_n and_o commerce_n settle_v with_o they_o but_o most_o of_o these_o thing_n happen_v some_o year_n late_a it_o be_v time_n to_o return_v to_o castille_n chap._n vii_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n the_o city_n associate_n there_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n renew_v and_o several_a place_n take_v from_o they_o which_o they_o with_o the_o same_o facility_n recover_v maximilian_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n aim_n to_o marry_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n after_o the_o take_n of_o malaga_n when_o king_n ferdinand_n think_v to_o have_v go_v on_o in_o his_o conquest_n the_o trouble_n in_o arragon_n oblge_v he_o to_o go_v thither_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o murder_n granada_n and_o robbery_n commit_v there_o at_o valencia_n d._n philip_n de_fw-fr arragon_n master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o montesa_n kill_v john_n de_fw-fr valterra_fw-la a_o noble_a youth_n and_o his_o rival_n for_o both_o court_v the_o lady_n ellenor_n marchioness_n of_o cotron_n and_o daughter_n of_o anthony_n centellas_fw-la which_o occasion_v great_a tumult_n in_o that_o city_n to_o obviate_v these_o harm_n king_n ferdinand_n set_v out_o from_o cordova_n and_o arrive_v at_o zaragoça_n on_o the_o 19_o of_o november_n the_o manner_n of_o choose_v magistrate_n in_o that_o city_n be_v alter_v the_o council_n and_o commons_o use_v before_o to_o have_v the_o election_n of_o they_o and_o now_o because_o that_o produce_v dispute_n and_o mutiny_n they_o desire_v for_o the_o future_a the_o nomination_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n beside_o the_o town_n associate_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o castille_n each_o engage_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o 150_o horse_n who_o be_v to_o travel_v about_o and_o punish_v all_o malefactor_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o choose_n of_o the_o captain_n of_o this_o association_n or_o brotherhood_n out_o of_o 3_o citizen_n of_o zaragoça_n name_v by_o the_o council_n of_o that_o city_n law_n be_v also_o enact_v to_o prevent_v their_o abuse_v the_o power_n give_v they_o this_o be_v conclude_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1488._o at_o the_o same_o time_n 1488._o come_v leonard_n tocco_n a_o grecian_a and_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n who_o the_o turk_n have_v drive_v out_o of_o his_o dominion_n and_o oblige_v to_o fly_v into_o italy_n ambassador_n from_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n to_o conclude_v the_o match_n before_o propose_v betwixt_o the_o grandson_n of_o that_o king_n and_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n daughter_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n this_o affair_n take_v not_o effect_n because_o the_o king_n design_v to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o else_o to_o the_o prince_n of_o portugal_n hope_v that_o will_v be_v a_o secure_a band_n of_o friendship_n with_o either_o of_o those_o nation_n instead_o of_o she_o he_o offer_v his_o other_o daughter_n the_o princess_n mary_n from_o zaragoça_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n go_v to_o valencia_n thither_o come_v to_o they_o alan_n father_n to_o john_n d'_fw-fr albret_n king_n of_o navarre_n he_o come_v to_o ask_v succour_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o have_v conquer_a part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o the_o navarrois_n themselves_o who_o be_v in_o rebellion_n particular_o the_o biamonteses_n be_v possess_v of_o great_a part_n of_o navarre_n and_o keep_v the_o king_n out_o notwithstanding_o but_o three_o year_n before_o all_o thing_n have_v be_v agree_v and_o the_o earl_n of_o lerin_n with_o his_o whole_a family_n and_o follower_n have_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o possession_n and_o other_o give_v they_o that_o they_o may_v rest_v content_v it_o be_v also_o propose_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v protect_v francis_n duke_n of_o brittany_n who_o daughter_n ann_n many_o prince_n seek_v to_o have_v to_o wife_n because_o he_o have_v no_o heir_n male._n charles_n the_o 8_o king_n of_o france_n make_v war_n on_o he_o on_o this_o account_n mounseur_fw-fr d'_fw-fr albret_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n favour_v that_o duke_n maximilian_n then_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v assault_v by_o the_o people_n of_o bruges_n in_o flanders_n and_o keep_v prisoner_n all_o these_o thing_n trouble_v the_o king_n because_o maximilian_n be_v a_o friend_n to_o spain_n and_o d'_fw-fr albret_n who_o give_v the_o intelligence_n his_o confederate_n in_o fine_a a_o league_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o alan_n against_o all_o prince_n except_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a for_o alan_n or_o his_o son_n to_o disoblige_v because_o their_o dominion_n be_v either_o in_o his_o power_n or_o at_o least_o lay_v expose_v to_o he_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v counterfeit_n for_o the_o real_a design_n be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o force_n of_o spain_n against_o france_n it_o be_v agree_v among_o other_o thing_n that_o a_o fleet_n shall_v be_v fittedout_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o biscay_n and_o man_n raise_v to_o be_v send_v to_o brittany_n under_o the_o command_n of_o michael_n john_n de_fw-fr gralla_n a_o catalonian_n all_o this_o affair_n be_v conclude_v and_o sign_v on_o the_o 21th_o of_o march._n the_o cortes_n of_o valencia_n be_v open_v in_o that_o city_n and_o break_v up_o at_o origuela_n to_o settle_v that_o country_n which_o do_v king_n ferdinand_n make_v haste_n through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n that_o border_n moor_n on_o the_o moorish_a territory_n great_a preparation_n be_v make_v for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o subdue_a that_o country_n where_o albohardil_n with_o much_o difficulty_n support_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n though_o still_o strong_a than_o his_o nephew_n as_o be_v possess_v of_o guadix_fw-la almeria_n and_o baça_n with_o all_o the_o mountain_n country_n of_o granada_n which_o be_v as_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n whence_o he_o gather_v a_o great_a revenue_n because_o the_o mountain_n be_v untouched_a beside_o the_o great_a advantage_n make_v of_o the_o silken_a manufacture_n which_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o spain_n the_o native_n hate_v boabdil_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o coward_n and_o friend_n to_o the_o christian_n and_o albohardil_n have_v gain_v reputation_n by_o take_v a_o great_a booty_n about_o alcalà _fw-fr real_a john_n de_fw-fr benavides_n who_o command_v there_o soon_o revenge_v this_o loss_n burn_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o almeria_n the_o warlike_a preparation_n be_v not_o carry_v on_o with_o that_o vigour_n the_o king_n can_v have_v wish_v because_o andaluzia_n have_v suffer_v this_o year_n and_o the_o last_o by_o the_o plague_n the_o king_n order_v the_o rendezvouz_n to_o be_v at_o murcia_n where_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o attack_v vera_n a_o town_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n no_o resistance_n be_v make_v but_o it_o surrender_v on_o the_o 10_o of_o june_n muxacra_fw-la velez_n el_fw-es blanco_n and_o velez_n el_fw-es rubio_n with_o several_a other_o town_n and_o castle_n that_o be_v not_o well_o fortify_v do_v the_o same_o the_o king_n be_v desirous_a to_o lay_v siege_n to_o almeria_n a_o city_n in_o that_o neighbourhood_n a_o impregnable_a castle_n call_v taberna_fw-la stand_v in_o the_o way_n and_o the_o old_a moorish_a king_n come_v in_o person_n with_o 1000_o horse_n and_o 20000_o foot_n to_o put_v a_o garrison_n into_o it_o resolve_v to_o lie_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o cut_v off_o our_o party_n and_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n because_o his_o man_n be_v raw_a and_o undisciplined_a the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o fight_n our_o force_n have_v the_o more_o liberty_n to_o waste_v the_o country_n most_o harm_n be_v do_v about_o almeria_n and_o baça_n which_o be_v a_o fruitful_a country_n because_o water_v the_o channel_n that_o convey_v the_o water_n be_v the_o occasion_n that_o many_o of_o our_o man_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o among_o they_o d._n philip_n de_fw-fr arragon_n master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o montesa_n a_o forward_a and_o brave_a youth_n to_n king_n ferdinand_n his_o force_n be_v weak_a and_o he_o call_v away_o upon_o other_o affair_n have_v garrison_v the_o frontier_n go_v away_o towards_o castille_n no_o soon_o be_v he_o go_v but_o the_o moorish_a king_n recover_v all_o the_o town_n have_v be_v take_v from_o he_o mean_o while_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o guasin_n a_o very_a strong_a town_n near_o ronda_n conspire_v put_v all_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o they_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o that_o action_n for_o the_o neighbour_a moor_n to_o show_v they_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o that_o slaughter_n and_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v suffer_v for_o it_o assemble_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o guasin_n the_o marquis_n of_o cadiz_n and_o earl_n of_o cifuentes_n come_v with_o force_n from_o sevil_n to_o their_o assistance_n and_o have_v take_v the_o town_n in_o revenge_n either_o put_v