and so the return may be proportionable but if Bills are drawn to pay a Merchant residing in any place where the Coyn is currant and he disposes of it for Commodities of the Growth or Manufacture of the Country then it matters not how the Coyn has been inhaunced above its true value by Reason it is currant tho perhaps should the Coyn be carryed into an other Kingdom it might redound to the loss of the receiver a third part and this equallizing Coyns of divers Nations by Ballance I called a Par by which all Coyns of Silver or Gold especially are reduced to an equal value as for example Placentia exchanges with London one Crown of currant money there for 1 Shilling 6 pence ½ ob Sterling Lyons the Crown currant for 2 Shillings 8 pence Sterling Rome exchanges her Ducat 87 ½ pence Sterling Genoa her Crown of Gold at 83 pence Sterling Millain her Crown of Gold 84 pence ½ ob Sterling Venice her Ducat at 60 pence Sterling Florence her Crown at 80 pence Luca her Ducat at 67 pence Sterling Naples her Ducat at 66 ½ pence Sterling Lechy her Ducat at 6 pence Sterling Bary her Ducat at 62 pence Sterling Palermo her Ducat at 78 pence Sterling Messina her Ducat at 72 pence Sterling Valentia her Ducat at 72 ½ pence Sterling Saragosa her Ducat at 73 pence Sterling Barsalonia her Ducat at 72 pence Sterling Sevil her Ducat at 72 pence Sterling Lisbon her Ducat at 69 pence Sterling Bolonia her Ducat at 67 pence Sterling Bergamo her Ducaton at 67 pence Sterling Frankfort Noremburg Augusta and Viena in all which Cities one and the same Coyn is currant Exchange their Florin at 50 pence Sterling all these Cities and Towns London exchanges within broken numbers that is by pence at the rates aforesaid and so Multiplies into greater Summs as occasion requires but with Antwerp and Collen Amsterdam c in whole number as one pound Sterling for 34 ½ Flemish Shillings and proportionable for greater Summs Again in London and throughout all England Exchangers and Merchants keep their Accounts in Pounds Shillings Pence and cast them up as is done in other places by Solds Livers and Denire viz. 12 pence to the Shilling and 20 Shillings to the pound and are found to exchange with Transmarine Cities thus viz. to allow 64 pence Sterling for the Crown of Placentia 64 pence Sterling for the Crown of Lyons 66 pence Sterling for the Ducat of Rome 65 pence for the Crown of Gold of Genoa 64 2 4 pence for the Crown of Gold of Millain 50 pence for the Ducat in Banco of Venice 61 pence for the Crown of Florence 53 ½ pence for the Ducaton of Luca 50 pence for the Ducat of Naples 50 ½ pence for the Ducat of Lechy 51 pence for the Ducat of Bary 57 ½ for the Ducat of Palermo 56 ½ for which Ducat of Messina one pound Sterling for 34 ½ Shillings Flemish with Antwerp and Collon 57 ½ pence for the Ducat of Valentia 59 pence for the Ducat of Saragosa 64 pence for the Ducat of Barselona 59 ½ pence for the Florin of Frankford 52 pence for the Ducaton of Bergamo 53 â…“ for the Ducaton of Bolonia 53 ½ pence and for the Ducat of Lisbon 53 ½ And thus the currant Exchange is setled and continues unless in times of War when Princes to Inrich their Coffers make an Inhaunsment upon the currant Coyns in their respective Dominions and at other times when the Banker or Exchanger takes the advantage of the Parties necessity upon whose Accounts the exchange is to be made The Terms of paying Bills of exchange in London with other Cities are commonly these To Venice at 3 Months after date and so upon return to Antwerp at one Month after date and so back to Genoa at 3 Months and so back to Lyons for the Fair and so from Fair to Fair as the Custom of that City is to Pisa at 3 Months after date and so back to Placentia from Fair to Fair according to the Custom of the place to Florence at 3 Months after date so upon return to Rouen and Paris at one Month after date and so back and these Bills are currant money insomuch that many Millions are pay'd by Bills without telling any money Merchants passing the Bills to one another by assignment as currant Coyns of which Bills their Presentations Intimations Acceptations Protests and Returns I shall in the following Chapter expose to the View of the Reader CHAP. XCVIII A Discourse of the Forms of Bills of Exchange how they ought to be drawn presented payed or protested in default with a caution against delays and the danger thereof according to the Law and Custom of Merchants A Bill of Exchange in it self is held so excellent a speciallity and carries with it not only as it were a commanding Power to pay but is for the most part observed and satisfyed with all due regard tho drawn by a Servant upon his Master such a high esteem being ever had for the quality thereof that nothing in the way of Trade can be more for upon it depends the reputation of the Drawer Accepter So that those who fail in the payment of accepted Bills wound their credit by suffering Protest to be made which soon gets Wind and spreads wide upon the Exchange and not only so but obliges the Acceptor to pay the charâ—â—â— of the Protestant return and calâ—s into question the credit of the drawer Of bills of exchange there are two sorts as 〈◊〉 and Inland viz. the former drawn upon â— Merchant Banker c. Living beyond the Seas the second upon a Merchant Banker or other Person living in the same Country tho distant from the place where the Bill is drawn as to make a Bill payable at London for money taken up at Bristol each having equal force ought to have due observance alike As to an Exchange four three or two Persons may make it thus 2 at the place where the money is taken up and 2 at the place were it is payable first the deliverer secondly the taket thirdly the Person that is to take the money and fourthly the party upon whom the Bill is drawn 3 Persons thus first the taker secondly the deliverer and thirdly the Person on whom the Bill is drawn 2 Persons first the Drawer and secondly the Party on whom it is drawn the former making his Bill payable to himself or order which may of Exchange is very advantageous as well to Merchants as other Traders There is another sort of Exchange called a dry exchange which is practised thus if a Person have occasion for 100 pound he goes to a Banker who takes a Bill of Exchange of him to be payed at Lyons or Paris at double or treble Usance tho the Drawer has no Correspondence in either of the Cities then the Bill growing due the Banker receives a Protest for non-payment upon which the Drawer in London must pay the
hundred and eight pounds Averdupois and one hundred pound London Suttle Weight makes ninety two of theirs or one hundred and twelve English one hundred and three and a half of Scotch their Measures for Linnen Stuffs Cloath or Silk is the Ell which is wanting of ours insomuch that it differs from our Yard four per cent that is four Yards in a hundred Ells so that seventy five Yards or sixty Ells English make seventy two Scotch but in Tale to every hundred they Reckon six-score In Measure for Corn Coals Salt Wine Beer Ale Oyl and the like they come near at one with ours Their Navigation is but small for the most part Trading with England and Ireland yet are they a People frugal and much bent to improve the growth of their Country And thus having taken a view of Scotland and the Trade thereof I must pass over into Ireland the third Diamond in the British Diadem CHAP. IX A view of Ireland and of the Trade Manners and Present State of that Kingdom IReland is divided into four Provinces viz. Lempster Munster Connought Vlster and Meath and is four hundred Miles in Length and two hundred in Breadth the chief Cities and Towns are Dublin Kinnsail London Derry Limrick Cork Waterford Armah Dungannon Marleburg Phillips-Town Kildare and Tradah This Kingdom abounds in Navigable Rivers store of Fish Cattle and Hides which are Transported into Spain France and Italy Salmon are caught in such abundance in July and August that many Servants in the places of that Fishery Covenant with their Master upon their being hired that they will not feed upon Salmon but only so many days in a Week These they Salt and Barrel up sending them into all the Neighbouring Countries where they are received as good Merchandise the Herring Fishery is likewise used and improved by them as likewise Pilchards which are taken in August September and October and Transported into Spain France and the Streights of Gibraltar they have store likewise of Butter Cheese Calves-Skins and other necessary Commodities Their Corn for the most part is the same with ours yet in value not the same for a pound Sterling Irish is worth according to the Intrinsick value no more then fifteen Shillings English and the Shilling consequently but nine pence Sterling six pence Irish but four pence half penny Sterling The Exchange is practised in the City of Dublin but of little use as to any Transmarine Places unless England and there Principally London and Bristol commonly running at eight pence upon the pound or at most but one Shilling which is but five pound per cent The Weights and Measures are or for the most part consistent to those of England and in fine it is a Country exceeding fertil abounding in all things necessary for the use of man which would turn to great advantage were the Inhabitants but Industrious especially in fitting out Ships for Navigation but they for the most part roave abroad improving other Countries and neglecting their own Their chief Merchandise are in Fish which they send into France Spain England Scotland and other parts of Europe And thus I shall leave this Kingdom and return or rather Sail round Brittain to take a View of the Islands of the Sea or Ocean Islands CHAP. X. A view of the Ocean Islands and of their Trade viz. such as are Subject to his Majesty of great Britain THe Ocean Islands are scattered in the British Sea like so many Pearls to adorn the Imperial Diadem and are first the Orcades or Isles of Orkney thirty two in number The chief of which is Pomonia which abounds in Mines of Tinn and Lead The next Hethy and the other there being only three of them of note Shethland bearing Fruit-Trees of strange kinds Especially those whose Blossoms dropping into the Warter become Flying Birds The next are the Islands of the Hebrides in number forty four the chief whereof is Illa abounding with store of Venison And Jona famous for the Sepulchers of the Scottish Kings as likewise Mulla where the Redshanks inhabit once so fearful to England the rest are of little note The Islands called the Sorlings are one hundred forty five The Principal are Armath Agnes Samson and Scilly after which name all the rest are called The Inhabitants thereof Trade in Fishery sow Corn and addict themselves to Manufacture The Isle of Man is a square Island being ten Miles in Length and as many in Breadth the growth of it is Flax Hemp Oats Barly and Wheat having store of Cattle and other Merchandise brought in thither by Shipping the chief Towns are Ballacury Russin or Chasteltown The Isle of Anglesey is accounted a Shire of Wales and by some called the Mother of Wales being twenty four Miles in Length and seventeen Miles over Fruitful it is even beyond report in Corn Fruits Cattle Fowl and Fish improved by several Profitable Manufactures The Inhabitants making great store of Butter and Cheese and send out of it yearly three thousand Head of Cattle It 's chief Town is Beaumaris very Commodious for Shipping Jersey is a fair Island in Compass twenty Miles peopled with Industrious Inhabitants yearly improving their Commodidities and vending them to good advantage Trading with England and France especially famous for the many fine Orchards and Gardens the chief Towns and places of Traffick being St. Mallo and St. Hillary the former being nightly Guarded without the Walls From this Island twenty Miles distant is Guernsey Surrounded with spacious Harbours and in every part Fertile stored with Cattle and lying Commodious for Shipping Facing the Coast of France and hath for it's chief Town St. Peters The last of the Isles Surrounding Britain is the famous Isle of Wight which is twenty Miles long and twelve over and abounds with all things wherewith England is stored divided from Portsmouth but by an Arm of the Sea lying most Commodious for the Reception of Shipping and for it 's chief Towns has Yarmouth New-Port and Bradring And thus much for the Islands of the Sea surrounding Britain And now I shall only take a short Survey of some things further appertaining to the Trade of Britain and so Lanch into the Ocean and take a view of the remotest Parts of the World especially such as are Traded to by the English What more remains is an account of such Commodities of English-growth and Manufacture as are Exported being Staple Commodities and the common Cargo of outward bound Vessels CHAP. XI A further Account of the Measures of England with a true Proportion of the Weight of English Cloths FIrst for the Breadth Measure and Weight of English-Cloath that chief of Staple-Commodities Kent York and Redding Cloaths are six quarters and a half broad and ought to weigh eighty six pounds the Cloath in the Peice are in length thirty and thirty four Yards Suffolk Norfolk and Essex Cloaths of seven quarters wide are eighty pounds Weight twenty nine and thirty two Yards in Length Worcester Coventry
some Spices Casbin is now accounted the chief City of Persia and lately the residency of the Sophies and is adorned with many stately Edifices but chiefly Beautifyed with the Bussars or Exchanges which are many and stored with Rich Commodities as Jewels Drugs Spices Silks either in Damasks Velvets or Raw where likewise the Merchants of several Nations Trading thither meet in the same manner as at London Their Weights Measures and Coyns agree with those of Hisphan of which in order I shall Treat and therefore refer the Reader to View them there Balsara is Seated on the Persian Gulph upon the mouth of Euphrates and contains the Commodities of Arabia Turky India and Persia by Reason of it's commodious Situation and is in Subjection to the Grand Signeour as reduced to his Obedience by force of Armes Anno 1550. And pays Customs to his Intendant or Vizar Bashaw 5 per cent upon Cloaths Silks and the like but to every 100 a Tare or allowance of 3 pound is Customary and their Weights is generally the Wesun accounted 16 of them to the Cantar of Aleppo Casan is frequented by the Merchants of India and the Commodities for the most part consist of the Manufacture of the Citizens as Shashes Turbants Girdles Velvets Sattins Dammask Ormustus Carpets c. and thither are brought Diamonds Pearles Rubies Turquoisies Spices c. and a Law there is that all Persons above the Age of 6 Years shall give up their Names to the Magistrate and with a Satisfactory account by what means he or she get their Livings and if they be found in a false Tale they are either Battooned or put to some Publick slavery for a time Caramania is a Fertile Province as to necessary Provisions and other ways only worthy of note for the Cloath of Gold made there as for Gedrosia Drangiana Arica Arachosia Parapomisis Saccha and Hircania they are of little note as to Trade and therefore I shall pass them over Ormus the last Province of Persia is exceedingly in request abounding in Commodities of Value and is divided by an Arm of the Sea of 12 Miles over from the Continent and is much frequented by Merchants Trading in those parts The Commodities are chiefly Carpets Tapestry Shashes Grograms Mohairs Turky Camlets Arabian Drugs Indian Gems and Spices it being the Principal Mart or Magazine of all the Eastern Commodities for in April and September the Carravans come thither strongly Guarded from Aleppo Syria and other Countries taking Ship at Balsara and bring all manner of Rich Commodities that are to be found in the Traffick of the Mediterranean The most advantagious Sea-ports in those parts are Jasques and Gombroue where the English Ships Trade for this Kingdom as likewise the Camels and Drommidaries of the Indian and other Merchants that Travel by Land Their Weight is the Dram 96 of which make a pound Averdupois Their Measures are the Coveda short and long the former is accounted 27 and the latter 37 Inches and are used in measuring the proper Manufacture of Persia The Monies currant are the Bessee of Copper which is 4 Cosbags the Shahee of Silver which is 2 ½ Bessees 29 Cosbegs or 4 pence Sterling the Abashee of Silver which is 2 Mamothis 40 Cosbegs or 16 pence Sterling the Mamothis which is 2 Shahees 29 Cosbegs or 8 pence Sterling The Asar of Gold which is 20 Shahees or 6 Shillings 6 pence Sterling The Toman of Gold which is 10 Asars or 3 pound 6 Shillings 8 pence Sterling as also the Larrees which are reckoned at 10 pence Sterling CHAP. XXXIX A View of Hispahan and of the Trade thereof HIspahan formerly called Hecatompolis from it 's 100 Gates is one of the Principal Cities of the Persian Dominions Beautifyed with Red Marble-Walls of prodigious height stately Buildings as Palaces Seraglio's and the like adorned with Ivory Ebony Alabaster and Carpets of Silk and Gold The Inhabitants do all their business on Horseback unless such as are Slaves and the City abounds in the stores of India Arabia Turky Russia and China which for the most part are brought thither upon Dromidaries and again disposed of to such Merchants as Trade thither The price of Carriage is thus 100 Maunds of Wares from Sciras to Hispahan cost 70 Sehids and from Hispahan to Casan 60 Sehids from Hispahan to Ormus by Sciras 120 Sehids and lastly from Hispahan to Tauris 40 Sehids The Weights are the Dram the Mittigal and the Maund or Maundshaw 100 of the first make 66 â…” of the Second and of the second 1200 maketh the third the Measures are the Cavedo long and short and are as in the foregoing Chapter as also the Coyns currant here agree with those of Ormus Silks are found here in abundance both wrought and Raw. And thus much for Persia and the Trade thereof CHAP. XL. A View of Tartaria of the Trade Weights Measures Currant Coyns and Customs thereof TArtary the next division of Asia is bounded on the West with Muscovia on the South with the Caspian Sea and Hill Taurus on the East with the main Ocean and on the North with the Frozen Sea and is divided into 5 Kingdoms or Provinces under the Subjection of the great Cham viz. Precopensis Asiatica Antiqua Zagathai and Cathaia but for as much as the last Province is only abounding in known Trade and yields the Commodities of all the rest I shall only insist upon it and in the Description of the Trade of Cambalu lay down what ever is to be found in that vast Country Cambalu is the Metropolitan of Cathai through which Runs the River Poâ—â—sanga and is in circuit accounted 28 Miles adorned with stately Pallaces and other Edifices being the Seat of the great Cham who maintains 5000 Astrologers or Wizards and 12 or 14000 Horse for his ordinary Guard The Merchants that Trade thither have their Caves or Store-Houses in the Suburbs which are in great number The Commodities of the Country are Rice Grain Ruhbarb Coral Silk Wool Hemp and the like they have likewise Silver Mines and some yielding Gold Ore yet their Coyn for the most part is made of the inmost Bark of a Mulbery Tree cut round stamped with the Princes Seal and upon pain of Death none dare Coyn any other or refuse to take it tho in some places they have pieces of Coral twigs of Gold and Salt Loaves which go at certain rates in Exchange but the money is as aforesaid and those Merchants are obliged to take it for their Richest Commodities and put it away again for such as the Country affords they have Spices Gems and Drugs but not of natural growth but are beholden to the Arabians and Indians for them their Country by Reason of the long continuing cold not being capable of producing them Their Weights are those used generally throughout the Provinces viz. the gross Cantar and the small Cantar the former of which is only used in weighing Gross Goods and is accounted 268 pound English the small
endeth through the middle of which runneth the famous River Ganges making a large Bay or Gulph called the Bay of Bengala and is under the Protection of the great Mogul whose Coyns are currant in those Parts As for the River Ganges the Natives and many other of far Countries imagine it to be of that Virtue that it can cure many distempers and by Drinking and Bathing therein make them capable of obtaining Paradice which Superstitious conceipt brings many from distant Places on Pilgrimage which Creates a great Trade in Satagan the chief City on this Coast which is Seated on a River some distance from Ganges up which the Tide runneth 100. Miles and more so swift that Boats drive with incredible speed without Sails or Oars at the entrance of this River is a place called the Butter where Merchants Build Booths of Straw and Branches of Trees against the coming in of the Ships and furnish them with all manner of Merchandise by Reason the River will not admit of Ships of great Burthen so high as Satagan the which sheds when the Ships depart they set on fire and remove their Goods to Satagan nor are the Commodities vended her a few for no less then forty Ships of Divers Nations find sufficient to Load them and some to spare The chief Commodities found on this Coast are Rice Cloath of Cotton of divers sorts Lacca Sugar Mirabolans Long-Pepper Oyl of Zerseline c. and from this City the Merchants Trade to Pegu Musulipatan and Summatra and for the most part to avoid being incommoded by the heat they meet and Trade in the Night and what Goods are bought here by the Natives are carryed up the River in Boats and sold in other Cities and Ports In these parts the English East-India Company has Factories and greatly improve themselves thereby the Portugals likewise in this Tract have 2 small Forts but no considerable Trade that Nation of late much declining in matters of Navigation The Weights and Coyns are much the same with those of Musulipatan Having thus far proceeded it will not be amiss to give the Reader an Account of a strange Custom used in this Tract which is that if any Debtor break the day of payment by him consented to his Creditor goes to the Principal Bramen or Arch-Priest and procures of him a Rod with which he makes a circle round his debtor charging him in the Name of the King and the said Bramen not to depart out of it till he has satisfyed the debt which if he does not he must either starve there or by coming out forfeit his Life to the Laws of the Country but this is only amongst the Natives CHAP. XLVI A View of Pegu and the Trade Customs Weights and Coyns of the Coast thereof PEgu is divided into two parts In the one the King and his Nobles reside in the other the Artificers Merchants and Mariners that wherein the former reside is called the New-Town and where the latter Inhabit the old-Town about which is a Moat of exceeding breadth in which are many Crocadils kept purposely and all the Walls Beautifyed with Turrets Guilded with Gold the Streets are fair and set on each side with rows of Palm-Trees to keep off the Sun from such as Pass through them and upon the Arrival of the Ships by the help of the Monson or Trading Wind great is the concourse of Merchants who come from the Coast of Cormandel and other Places bringing Pointados wrought Cotton and other Merchandise from Maecca whence come several great Ships laden with Damasks Woollen Cloath Velvets and Cheqens From Malacca Vessels Arrive laden with Pepper Porcelan Sanders Camphora and other Rich Commodities There Arrives several Vessels likewise from Sumatra with Pepper and other Commodities who for the most part Anchor in a Port called Cosmia not far distant from the City as for the Customs they are narrowly looked into by Broakers who are imployed for that purpose and have two per cent out of all Commodities paying Custom for their own share and are bound to sell the Merchants Goods for them and to make good what debts they contract or false money they take upon that occasion and in their dealings they are very Just as likewise they are bound to find Lodgings and Ware-Houses for Merchants their contracts are made in Publick yet in such a method that none but the parties concerned can tell what is done for by putting their Hands under a Carpet and squesing such and such Joynts they know each others meanings without speaking a word which is registred by the Broaker if they come to a conclusion in Leaves of Trees used there instead of Paper When a Merchant-Stranger comes thither the Governour sends several Maids to him to take his choise which done he must agree with her Parents and then she serves him during his stay for both Wife and Servant and when he departs paying what he agreed for she returns home and if afterward she be marryed and he comes to that place he may have her during his stay her Husband not in the least making a Scruple thereof and when he departs he may send her to her Husband The Native Commodities in this Tract are Gold Rubies Spinals Saphirs Silver which are digged at a Place called Caplan There is likewise store of Benjamin Long-Pepper Lead Rice Niper-Wine and Sugar the growth of the Country not being liable to Custom The currant Coyn of this coast is the Gausa made of Copper and Lead and is Coyned by any that list so they state it to a certain Weight which if it be not it is soon discerned by the Broakers or Tellers who reject it and that Weight is called a Biso and is accounted for ½ Ryal of 8 8 or 2 Shillings 6 pence Sterling CHAP. XLVII A View of Sian and Malacca and of their Trades Commodities Coyns c. FIrst in the Tract or Coast of Siam are found the Cities of Tenaserim and Pattana in the last of which an English Factory is Established but Siam is the chief and was before it's being reduced by the King of Pegu who besieged it with a Million and 400000. men the chief City of these Parts of India and to it as yet Merchants Trade from Couchin-China Macan Cantor Malacca and Cambaia as likewise from the Islands of Sumatra Banda and Borneo and has divers Commodities brought from the Inland Cities of Martavan and Tenaserim and is Situate on the famous River Menan which runneth athwart India and arises from the Lake Chiama which every March overfloweth its Banks for 100. Miles during which time the Commerce and Correspondence is held by Boats The principal Commodities are Cotton Linnens of all sorts distilled Liquors by the Natives called Nipe it being extracted from Cocos as likewise Benjamin Lack and precious Wood called by the Portugals Palo-Dangula and Calamba making Rich Perfumes and is Weighed often against Silver and Gold and the Wood Sapon used by Dyers Camphora Bezora-Stones and Gold
in these parts but especially at Almeria great store of Raw Silks are gathered it being the primest of all other and is Accounted worth by the pound Morisco 18 Shillings Florence or 1020 Maruedies which amount to 30 Ryals And thus much for Sevil and the Trade thereof CHAP. LVIII A View of Malaga the Trade Customs Weights Measures and Coyns thereof MAlaga is Situate in the Province of Granado on the Shoar of the Mediterranean Sea being Accommodated with a commodious Haven for the reception of Shipping being very Fruitful in every part of it's Territories abounding in Wine and Raisins known by it's Name as likewise many delicate Fruits Corn Cattle and what else can make a Country desirable they have likewise store of Sugar Almonds Oyls c. for which they pay Customs outward tho they be Commodities of the natural Growth viz. 7 per cent Cochineel and such like Commodities pay outward 10 per cent and all other Commodities of the Growth but 5 per cent and those that are carryed from Port to Port 2 pound per cent The Weights of Malaga is the 100. divided into 4 Roves of 25 pound each and to every pound 16 Ounces and the 100 pound of Malaga called commonly the Kintar of Malaga is found to make 112 pound 5 Ounces English tho sometimes less according to the nature of the Commodity Their Concave Measures are the Rove and Somer the first making 8 of the last so that 25 Roves go to a Pipe which contains 100 English Gallons by these only Wine and Oyl are Measured as for Grain it is Measured by the Hanock which is divided into 12 Almodos and is 12 Gallons English weighing upon the Strike 129 pound The Measure of length is the Vare of 27 â…ž Inches The Coyns currant are Ryals to one of which is computed 34 Marnedies or 6 pence Sterling and Pistolets of Gold each being worth 23 ½ Ryals that is the single Pistolet the double Pistolet which are here likewise in use being worth 27 Ryals CHAP. LIX A View of Alicant and of the Trade Measures Weights Coyns c. ALicant is Situate on the Banks of the Mediterranian in the Province of Murtia and is by Reason of it's commodious Haven of late become a great Scale of Trade in those parts affording delicate Wines and other Commodities in much request being of late the Scale to the City Valentia and affords of its Native growth Liquorish Rasins Wines Soda-Barrilla Sugar Drugs Bass-Mats Ropes Sope Anniseed and many other Merchantable Commodities which are Traded for by our English Merchants and bought partly for money and partly for Commodities of the growth of our Nation And at Alicant the Merchants keep their Accounts in Livers Solds and Deniers 12 Deniers making a Sold and 20 Solds a Liver which is Accounted worth 5 Shillings Sterling the Sold being Accounted 3 Pence and the Denier a Farthing The Weights in use are the Cargo and Rove 10 of the latter making the former and of these Roves there are two sorts one computed 18 Ounces and the other 12 to each pound and by that means tho one be reckoned 36 pound and the other but 24 yet in Weight they are equal as to the number of Ounces and by these are sold Pepper Rice Almonds Cloves Cinnamond and the like by the Cargo is weighed all Gross Commodities it containing 280 pound English There is sometimes used a Quintal of 96 pound Averdupois and by it Drugs are weighed The Measure of Length is the Vare which wants a â…™ part of the English Yard The Liquid Measure for Wine is the Cantar which is about 3 Gallons English and the dry Measure for Corn is called the Chaffise and is near 3 Bushel English The Customs for the most part are rated at 11 Deniers per centum Livers and is payable at 8 Deniers to the Duana and 3 Deniers to the Sisa payed as well by the Buyer as Seller as often as Goods are bought sold or bartered for so that the Buyer and Seller pay between them 9 per cent And thus leaving Alicant I return to take a View of Madrid Accounted the Principal City of Spain CHAP. LX. A View of Madrid of the Trade Coyns Weights and Measures thereof MAdrid is Situate in the Provinces of Castill and of late become famous for being the place where for the most part the Spanish Court resides and in it the Monies that are dispersed over Spain have their Original This City abounds with all manner of Commodities that either Spain India Barbary Arabia Persia Egypt or other Countries affoard as Spices Gold Silks Drugs Stuffs Jewels Drugs and the like The Native Commodities of this Province are Honey Allum Wine Oyl Fruits Salt c. The Measures and Weights are those common throughout Spain but by Reason all the Coyns of the Kingdom Center here I think it not amiss to set down their Names and true values 1. The Ducat of Castil is worth 375 Maruedies 2. The Castiliano 485 Maruedies 3. The Florin of Castile is worth 265 Maruedies or near 4 Shillings Sterling 4. The Ducat Count or Quento of Maruedies is a Million 5. The Count or Quento of Maruedies is Ducats 2666 2 3â— and at Dobra is accounted worth 2739 â—â— 73 Dobras the which according to computation amounts to 733 pound 6 Shillings 8 pence Sterling 6. The Ryal Single of Castile is worth 34 Maruedies or 6 pence Sterling 7. The Quento of Mar is worth 3258 Ryals and 3 Maruedies 8. The Crown of Castile is worth 323 Maruedies 9. The Ducat of Spain is 5 Shillings 6 pence of our money the Ryal is 6 pence and the Maruedie about the bigness of one of our Farthings In this City when they give money upon Exchange they commonly agree to be repayed in Ducats of Gold or to the same value in Gold or Silver for the most part by Weight to prevent the taking base money with which Spain abounds so that should they not take this course they would often lose 4 or 5 per cent In this Province are yearly 4 Fairs or great Marts viz. at Medina Del Campo which lasts 50 days at Medina de Riosecco which lasts 30 days at Medina del Campo again which lasts 50 days and lastly at Villa Lyon which lasts 20 days These Fairs viz. the 3 first are Fairs of Exchange And when they make payments they make them in Banco not saying forth and they are to remit in Ducats de Oro in Oro Largo and forth of Banco and when they agree forth of Banco and for ready money there is got 1 per cent and when they agree for Ducats of Gold or the worth of them it is understood that the worth if the payment be not payed in Ducats is to be payed in Maruedies at 375 to the Ducat And thus much for Spain and the Trade thereof And now I shall take a View of the Trade of the Kingdom of Portugal in her chief City viz. Lisbon one of the
Hampshire famous for the great Trade of Hony therein whose chief Cities are Southampton and Winchester Barkshire is famous for Cloth-working abounding in Cattle Rich Pastures Artificers Fruits of all sorts and all things else necessary for the Subsistance of man Surry is no less abounding in all plenty than the former and of greater Trade by Reason of it's nearness to the City of London that Mouth of the Nation by Reason of which it's Inhabitants have the better opportunity to vend the growth of that County Sussex and Kent abound in Fruits Corn Wood Wax Hony Cattle and all other necessary Commodities which by Reason they border on the Sea they have opportunity to dispose of at good rates Glocestershire is for the most part imployed in the Woollen Manufacture Glocester being the Head City In it are found those famous Hills of Cots-Wold on which numerous Flocks of Sheep Feed and affoard the best Wool in Europe Oxford is famous for her Rich Pastures store of Cattle and Corn but above all for her University in her chief City of Oxford Buckingham Bedford and Hertfordshires are adorned with pleasant Buildings rich Pastures store of Corn pleasant Rivers abounding with Fish and Forrests of Stately Oaks with which the Wall of the Nation viz. our Ships of War are made nor is Venison in abundance wanting nor any sort of Fowls common in England Middlesex and Essex the first famous for Buildings and so long together containing the Pallaces of our Kings Courts of Judicature and above all incompassing the famous City of London The second for store of Cattle the many famous Ports and the Commodity received by shipping the Silver Thames Washing her Southern Shoar as far as the Hope it abounding likewise in Corn Cheese Butter and the like Suffolk and Norfolk next take place the first famous for Butter Cheese Cloath Cattle Corn Wool and what not The second for Deer Conneys Sheep Daries and store of Corn but above all for containing the famous City of Norwich which for Industry ought to be accounted the chief Boast of England it being seated upon the River Yare from whence Yarmouth takes it's name and thirty Miles from the Sea by Water tho not above sixteen by Land has little forrain Trade save only with Holland the chief Trade being with the City of London the chief Commodities being Stuffs and Stockings which are made for the most part in the City it not being guessed that less then one hundred thousand pounds-worth of Stuffs every Year are sent up to London which Stuffs making and disposing of are under the Government of two Companies the one called the Worstes Company the other the Russia Company Those Manufactures under the Government of the Worsted Company and approved by the Wardens thereof have a Seal affixed to each on the one side inscribed Norwich on the other such letters as stand for the Wardens Names that are at the Sealing thereof The other Seal has on one side these words viz. Worsted Reformed and on the other in Figures containing the quantity of Yards the Piece contains Those called the Russia Company the Manufacture under whose Government to be approved by them is Sealed on the one side with these words Fidelitas Artes alit This Suff Trade is managed by Partner-Ship between the London and Norwich Merchants great quantities whereof have been and are exported to furnish other Nations especially Spain and the West-Indias The Stockings here vended are reckoned to amount to near sixty thousand pounds per Annum being most knit by Children incapable of other Labour so that at eight Years of Age many of them will earn four pence or six Pence a day these latter are not under any Governour but have their Materials found them by certain Citizens as well of that City as of London which when made into Hose are sent over Sea most of them to furnish the Neighbour Nations The County likewise affoards Sheep Conies and Kine in abundance as also store of Corn especially Barly which being turned into Mault is sent up to London as likewise into Scotland all Corn is sold according to the Custom of the Country by the Score which is twenty Cooms every Coome containing four Bushels and to every Score one Coom is allowed over-plus Their Weights and Measures both dry and wet are consistent to the London Weights and Measures In the like manner abound Cambridgshire Northamptonshire Huntingtonshire Leicestershire Rutland Lincolnshire notinggamshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Staffordshire Shropshire Cheshire Herefordshire Yorkshire the County of Richmond Bishoprick of Durham Lancashire Westmoreland Cumberland Northumberland And the strong Town and Territories of Barwick upon Tweed all abounding in store of things necessary and convenient for the profit and pleasure of man In brief England affoards more Merchandise than any one Nation in Europe as Perpetuanas Bays Says Serges Cotton Woollen Cloath of all sorts Kersies Buffins Mocados Grogram Sattins Calimancates Velvets Plushes Worsted Fustains Durances Tukes Cony-Skins Squiril-Skins Fitches Calf-Skins Hides Also by Mines it produceth first by Tin twelve hundred thousand pounds yearly Lead eight hundred Foders yearly Allum eight hundred Tuns yearly Iron of all sorts eight hundred Furnaces daily Sea Cole yearly 50000000. Chaldron yearly Salt 300000. Ways yearly as likewise all manner of Grain as Oats Wheat Barly Rye Pease c. likewise Linnen Cloth Tallow Leather Glass and Glasses of all sorts Venice Gold and Silver Train Oyl Salmon Pilchards Herrings Conger Haberdine Hops Wood Cheese Butter Salt-Peter Gunpowder Honey Wax Alabaster Wools Yarns and the like too many here to insert Nor is Wales in most parts less furnished it consisting of the Isle of Anglesea the shires of Flint Denbigh Carnarvon Merioneth Montgomery Cardigan Pembrook Carmarden Glamorgan Radnor Brecknock Monmouth abounding in Cattle Pastures divers useful Manufactures nor are the industry of the Inhabitants wanting to improve the product of their Country to the best advantage being a frugal sort of People insomuch that whereever they Plant themselves they are thrifty and increase the smallest Stock to considerable advantage Thus having taken a view of all England and Wales viz. as to Traffick and the native Commerce London excepted I shall now take a view of that great Metropolis having purposely reserved her for the last she being as Crown to the rest of the Nation and indeed the Beauty of the Universe CHAP. V. The Traffick of London LOndon the Mistriss of Cities is placed upon the Banks of the River of Thames whose Silver Ebbs and Flows continually wash her Beautiful Walls she being supposed to be eight Miles in Circuit especially if the Liberties be included and before the dreadful Conflagration in sixty six was adorned with one hundred twenty two stately Churches and now not guessed to contain less within the Circuit of her Liberties and all than 5 if not 600000. Souls she being the Center of the Nation and chief Receptacle of all Commodities as well of the native growth as from all Parts
3 chief Scales of Europe CHAP. LXI A View of Lisbon the Metropolis of Portugal of the Trade Growth Weights Measues Coyns and Customs thereof LIsbon is the Metropolis of the Kingdom of Portugal commodiously Seated upon the Banks of the River Tagus the City and Suburbs being 10 Miles in compass and not imagined to contain less then 38000. Families Beautifyed with 67 Towers placed upon the Walls and 22 Gates all the Houses being Built Magnificent and indeed the People given to great Industry but especially to Navigation as appears by the many Discoveries they have made they being the first that Discovered the Eastern Tract even to the Indias and there by Trade and force got Footing and shewed the way to England and Holland who have now brought it to perfection even to the great Inriching either Nation and of all the Commodities brought from India and other parts of the World by the Portugals this City is the Scale for hither come yearly the Spices of Arabia the Silks of Persia the rich Commodities of China and the Gold Silver precious Stones and Spices of India and especially Pearls the Fishery thereof remaining for the most part in the right of the King of Portugal which being brought to Lisbon and afterwards dispersed throughout Europe To this City Flows the Trade of the whole Kingdom and also that of Spain from which Kingdom it is now separated as formerly The Weights of this City and consequently of the whole Kingdom are Principally the small and the great Cantars the Latter of which is divided into 4 Roves and each Rove contains 32 Reals which is 128 pounds at 14 Ounces per pound and of Florence Weight is computed 149 pound their small Quintar for Pepper and Ginger is between 110 and 112 pound English the Rove or Quartern being 27 ½ and sometimes 27 ◠4 pound but the great Quintal is 15 or 16 per cent more than our 112 pound The Quintar commonly called the King 's Quintar used in his Contractation House for weighing the Spices and Drugs of India is 114 pound English and the great Cantar of Lisbon is mostly computed 130 pound English c. The Measures of length used in this City are the Coueda which is the third part of an English Yard and the Ware which wants but a Nale of an English Ell by the former they Measure Woollen Cloaths c. and by the latter Linnen c. The Concave Measures of Lisbon is the Alquire 3 of which are found to make an English Bushel and 5 a Spanish Hannep They have an other Measure by which they meet their Salt called Muy which is 60 Alquires and 2 Muys and 15 Alquires are a Tunn Bristol Water Measure The Custom inward is 23 per cent that is to the Dechima 10 to the Sisa 10 and to the Consolado 3 and outward Merchants pay only 3. The Coyns are the Croisado of Gold computed to be worth 400 Reas. The Ducat of Portugal which is ten Reals and accounted 5 Shillings Sterling or the Croisado The Ryal which is 40 Reas and accounted 6 pence Sterling The Golden Mirle which is worth 1000. Reas and accounted 2 5 2 Ducats the Ducat is 2 ½ Ryals or 15 pence Sterling The Vintin which is 20 Reas or 3 pence Sterling the single Ryal of Spain which is 2 Vintines there are likewise the Coyns of Spain passable in this City but seeing they are not the proper Coyns of Portugal I shall pass them over as having already mentioned them in the Description of the Trade of that Kingdom And now leaving Portugal I shall pass into the Kingdom of France and in viewing the Trade of some Cities thereof give a Summary account of the whole Kingdoms Commerce both Inland and by Navigation CHAP. LXII A View of France the Provinces Trade Customs Weights Measures and Currant Coyns reduced into the view of the Principal Trading Cities of that Kingdom FRance is a large and Fertile part of Europe bounded on the North with the Brittish Ocean on the West with the Aquitanian Sea on the South with the Mediterranian and on the East with the Pirenaean Hills and River Rhine and is divided into several Provinces the Trade of which I shall instance in these following Cities viz. Burdeaux Rouen Paris Lyons and Marselia of these in order Burdeaux is Situate on the Banks of Geronde being the Principal City of the Province of Aquitain and is placed in a very Fruitful Soil especially for Wines The Principal Vineyards of France being accounted in its Neighbourhood of the Grapes therein growing are made Whitewines and Claret in abundance and of late all Palled Wines and such as otherwise are foul not Merchantable they Lmibeck off into Brandies which for the most part is vended in England and Holland They have likewise several Vineyards yielding Grapes that make Sweet-Wines commonly called high Country Wines the which lest it should hinder the Sail of the other they prohibit to be sold in their City till Christmass day when the high Country Merchants bring it in and sell it to Strangers there resident and such is the Custom of the place that that Vessel or Lighter that first sets her Head on Shoar is accounted free from Impost or Custom yet must in lieu thereof for that day give Wine on Free-cost to such as come on Board to Drink it To this City it is that our English Merchants Trade and from whence they yearly bring 20000 Tuns of Whitewine Claret Sweet and Brandy Wines in times when no prohibition is layed this City formerly for many Years having been English there are found great quantities of Prunes of the Neighbouring growth and some other Commodities tho these are the chief and to this place monies are remitted for which mostly the Inhabitants Trade not as in other places ef Traffick freely bartering Goods for Goods Their Accounts are kept for the most part in Livers Sold's and Denies as indeed throughout the Kingdom Their Weight is the pound 100 of which are reckoned a Quintar or 110 English 90 ¾ pound being 100 pound English Their Measure of length is an Auln accounted 42 English Inches their Wines are computed by Hogs-Heads and Tearces viz. Claret and White-wines and their Brandy by Punchings of no certain Gauge CHAP. LXIII A View of Rouen and the Trade thereof ROuen is the Principal City of Normandy being the Parliamentary Seat of that Province and is Seated on the Banks of the River Sein all its Territories being Fertile and it abounding with rich Merchandise as well of other Nations as the Growth of the Kingdom of France and is visited by most of the Merchants of all the Northern Kingdoms Trading in the Growth of France the place affording of natural Growth and Native Manufactury fine and coarse Linnens Buckrams Paper Cards Wine Stuffs Combs c. for which the Inhabitants or such French Merchants as send their Commodities thither to be vended receive of the English Kersies of Devonshire and
weighed as Nutmegs Cloves Cinnamond Drugs of all sorts Indicoes and rich Dies The Measure of length is the Ell which is about 38 English Inches as for Concave Measures they use but few and those the same with other Cities of the Empire of which anon I shall have occasion to speak The currant Coyn is the Bobemico Gross or Blaphace which is 3 Crutfers one Crutfer being 2 pence one penny 2 Hellers and one Heller 2 Orchines And in these Coyns all the Accounts are kept CHAP. LXXXII A View of Vienna and of the Trade Weights Measures Coyns c. VIenna is one of the fairest and strongest Cities of the Empire and for the most part the Imperial Seat having on the North of it the River Danow which dividing into 3 Streams causes as it were an Island ere it again unites and over the Streams are 3 Stone Bridges of 15 29 and 57 Arches all the Streets are adorned with stately Buildings and in the City many Merchants reside who have their Factories in Venice Florence Genoa c. and by that means it abounds in rich Commodities of all Nations especially Sattins Damasks Taffatas Velvets Cloath of Gold and Silver Drugs Spices Wool Lead Iron Copper Flax Wine Oyl Wax Tallow Furs and the like which is dispersed into the Neighbourhood to supply the Towns and Cities of less note The Weight is the pound which in the Sale of some Commodities is divided into 32 Coets and in others into 128 Quints and by some again into 512 Fennings of this pound 100 makes the Quintar which in London is found to make between 122 and 123 pound The Measures of length are 2 one for Linnen and the other for Woollen the 100 Yards of London are found to make 103 Ells of Vienna Linnen Measure and of the Woollen Measure 113 Ells. The Coyns currant are the Rhenis Guilder worth 28 ½ Silver Missens Gross or 36 ½ Lubeck Shillings 7 ½ of which make one of our Shillings the Imperial-Doller which is worth 33 Lubeck Shillings the common Guilden worth 28 Lubeck Shillings and the French Crown worth 44 Lubeck Shillings c. By Reason of the Emperors residing here there is a great Exchange which is by Rix Dollars of 8 Shillings Flemish and by Ducats of Gold of 12 Shillings Flemish CHAP. LXXXIII A View of Hamburg of the Trade Weights Measures Coyns and Commodities thereof HAmburg is an Imperial City Seated on a large Plain and has on the South side the River Elve being Accommodated with a fair Haven cross which is cast a Chain to hinder Ships from entering without Licence and on the North-East side some distance from the Walls of the City runs the River Alster and is adorned with many fair Buildings fortifyed with strong Walls Ditches and Bulwarks The Trade at present is very considerable by Reason of the residence of our Merchants there and the Factories held in other parts it being the Key as it were of that part of Germany whither the Inland Towns bring their Commodities to vend as Quick-Silver Stuffs Silks Cloath Wine Wax Cordage Corn and the like most Italian Commodities are found here and great quantities of the Growth of Spain and here the English vend Cloath Iron Tinn Lead Drugs Spices and the like receiving for them the Growth and Manufactures of the Empire The Weight is the pound 120 of which are accounted the Quintar which is divided into 3 parts or denominations viz. the 12 Stone of 10 pound to the Stone 300 pound are accounted the Skip pound which is the second that which is call'd the third is 20 Lispound of 15 pound to the 300 which may be said to be one Quintar of 120 pound and another of 300 pound The Measure of length is the Ell by which all Woollen Linnen and Silks are Measured 100 of which are accounted t◠make in London 48 Ells for Linnen and th◠100 Yards of London to be 162 or 163 of Hamburg Yards The Concave Measure is the Scheple 90 of which make the Last of Corn in this place tho 83 are found to do the same at Amsterdam or to produce 10 Quarters of London Measure The Merchants exchange for London by the pound Sterling and from all other places upon Rix Dollers of 50 Shillings Lapisto or 54 Stivers A Doller is here noted to be worth 3 white pence each white Penny to be 18 Shillings each Shilling 12 pence and each penny two Hellers And thus much for Hamburg and of the Empire CHAP. LXXXIV A View of Denmark and of its Trade together with the Commodities Weights Measures and Coyns thereof DEnmark is bounded on the East with the Baltick Ocean on the West with the German Ocean on the North with Sweeden and on the South with the Germain Empire and contains Cimbrick Chersonese the Islands of the Baltick and part of Scandia which are divided into several Provinces the which for Brevities sake I shall pass over and reduce their Trade into the 2 Principal Cities And of the Islands I shall treat in their order And first of Copenhagen and the Trade thereof Copenhagen is the Metropolis of Denmark and the Seat of the Danish Kings for the most part being Commodiously Seated on the Sea-shore and provided of a safe and goodly Haven for the reception of Shipping being strongly Fortifyed and Beautifyed with a Castle and other stately Edifices which are for the more part possessed by Merchants that Trade there for the Growth and Manufacture of the Kingdom which chiefly consists in Hides Tallow Fish Bucks-Skins Armour of all sorts Furniture for Shipping Corn Cattle and the like for which they receive Drugs Spices Tinn Lead Gold Silver Silks Woollen and Linnen Cloaths c. The currant Coyn is the Dollar and Shilling one Danish Shilling making one Lubeck Shilling and 66 Danish Shillings accounted to the Dollar which is 5 Shillings Sterling The Accounts in this City are kept by Merchants in Marks of 16 Shillings Danish The Exchanges are practised by Rix Dollars to the value as aforesaid The Weights and Measures of this Kingdom I shall Summ up in the next Chapter by Reason the difference of Weights and Measures in this City and the rest little or nothing vary CHAP. LXXXV A View of Elsinore and the Trade thereof ELsinore is Situate upon the Straight leading to the Sound and greatly frequented by Seamen by Reason of the Extraordinary passage through the Straight for which every Vessel pays to the King of Denmark a considerable Summ for permission no Ships being otherwise capable to pass by Reason of the Castles that Guard that pass on either side viz. Coronsburg and Elsburg the latter being in the Kingdom of Norway on the East side of the Sealand near to Elsinore the King has a Pallace for his Summer Recreation which has a Prospect over the Sea and 't is reported that this Tole or Duty arising upon the passing and repassing over Ships into the Sound and Baltick amounts to more then all
all others not expressed therein shall pay the same rates according to the true value All private Bulks of eight Inches square are by the third Article annexed to the Book of rates reputed Timber and valued at 3 pence the Foot 50 Foot being accounted the Load valued at 12 Shillings 6 pence and the duty for one Load is one half penny and half a Farthing Package is another duty which is likewise â—itted and â—ted in a Table called 〈…〉 of Paâ— Duties and all the 〈◊〉 â—ies theâ— mentioned pay one 〈…〉 â—ording as they are 〈…〉 Majesties Book of â—â—tes 〈◊〉 â—ers not mentioned therein shall 〈◊〉 the rate of one penny in the pound according to their true value For every Entry in the Packers Book and for Writing Bills of each Entry outwards they pay 12 pence All Strangers are to pay the Labouring Porters for making up their Goods according to Custom Strangers must also pay the Water-side Porters belonging to the Package-Office such Fees for Shipping and Lading as for several Years past they have done The Packers and Waterside-Porters have Tables expressing the Duties payable and such Goods as are not mentioned therein must pay according to their true value so much in the Pound as aforesaid for Package and Porterage-duties over and above Another Ancient duty there is called Water-Bailage which for many Years past the City of London have claimed and received for all Goods and Merchandise imported from any part in the Realm or out of the Realm into the Port of London and so the like duties with a little alteration for all Goods exported out of the Port of London unless the Goods or Merchandise of Freemen who are exempted from paying this Duty tho many Freemen for Reason best known to themselves notwithstanding do voluntarily pay it but of late there has been considerable Debates whether the same be due or not tho no Clause in the Act of Tonnage or Poundage does any ways Bar those duties All Lighters Wherries Fisher-Boats c. occupying the River of Thames within the Limits of the Cities Jurisdiction confirmed by their Charter pay Summs of Acknowledgement or Duty for the same which amounts annually to a considerable value All Markets within the Precincts of the City pay the Duty of Toll to the behoof of the City The Citizens of London viz. those that are Resident are exempted from the Custom or Impost called Prizage which is that out of ten Tuns of Wine the King is to have one paying for it 20 Shillings but Citizens must not own any Wines so imported under Colour to secure Strangers from paying Prisage If a Freeman live in another City and send Wines to unlade at the Port of London he shall not be capable of this Priviledge but must be resident as aforesaid for by a private Act in the 24 of Hen. 6 complaint was made that the Lord Major would make Strangers Citizens whereupon it was there declared that this Benefit to be discharged from payment of Prisage extended not to such Citizens as were made so by Gift but such as were Legally Citizens according to the true intent and meaning thereof by Service or Adoption and resident in the said City and 't is further observed that if any Merchant not a Citizen break Bulk tho he deliver but part of his Cargo yet the Duty is to be levyed upon all as if all had been unladen And this Priviledge likewise enjoy the Inhabitants resident in the Cinque-Ports Butherage as I have before said is 2 Shillings per Tun upon Wines imported by Strangers but the English are exempted from that Duty And thus much for the Priviledges Customs c of the City of London in relation to Trade CHAP. CXXII A Survey of the remaining Ports of England their Members Creeks c. with a relation of their Legalities touching Exportation and Importation together with what Commodities may be Exported when sold at the Port where they shall be laded at certain rates THe other Legal Ports of England their Members and Creeks are these Ipswick has Members Malden and Colchester Creeks Leigh-Burnham West-Mersy East-Mersy Brickly Wivenhoe Maintree and Harwich The Port of Yarmouth has Members Woodbridge Alborough Sowold Blacking and Creeks Orford Dunwick Walderswick and Lestoffe The port of Lynn has Member Wells only Creeks Burnham Hitcham Croskeys and Wisbich The Port of Boston has Creeks Spolding Tosdick Wainefleet Numby-Chaple Thethethorp and Salt-Fleet The Port of Hull has Members Grimsby Bridlington and Scarâ—â—â—â—â—gh and one Creek â—â—ly viz. Sainthorp The Port of New-Castle has Members Whitby Stockton Harâ—lepool Sunderland and yields Creeks Middleborough Seatondelaval and Blith-Nook The Port of Barwick has Creeks Aylemouth Warnewater Holy-Island and the East-Marches containing the Coast of Northumberland bordering upon Scotland The Port of Carlisle has for Member Whitehaven for Creeks the West-Marches containing the Coast of Cumberland bordering on Scotland Workington Raving-Glass and Milinthorp The Port of Chester has Members Lancaster Boulton Liverpool Aberconway Bewmaris and Carnarvan Creeks Pit of Towdrey Graung Wyrewater Preston Riblewater Sankey-Bridge Fradsham the South shore of the River Mersy to the Red-Stone Hilbree Dawpool Neston Burtonhead Baghill Mosten Holy-Head Amlogh Pulhelly and Barmouth The Port of Milford has Members Aberdony Cardigan and Pembrook Creeks Aberustha New-Port Fiscard Haverford West-Tenby Carmarthen Lanelthy and North-Burys The Port of Cardif has for Member Swansey Creeks South-Berrys Nealth or Briton-Terry Newton Alberthaw Penarth New-Port and Chepstow The Port of Glocester has for Creeks the River Severn from the Bridge North to Kings-Road The Port of Bristol has Creeks Pill and Vphill The Port of Bridg-Water has for Member Minhead The Port of Plimouth has for Members Padstow St. Jues Pensance Helford Falmouth Fowey and Lowe Creeks Penrin St. Maures Fruro Salt-ash and Cowsland The Port of Exeter has Members Ilfracomb Barustable and Dartmouth Creeks Clovelly Appledore Biddiford Tincomb Star-Cross Bear and Seaton Topsham Pouldram Sydmouth Lympson Exmouth Aylemouth Saltcomb Brixham Torbay and Totnes The Port of Pool has Members Lyme and Weymouth Creeks Bridgport Charmouth Portland and Lulworth The Port of Southampton has Members Corves and Portsmouth Creeks Swaridge Wareham Christ-Church Hinington Yarmouth New-Port and Emsworth The Port of Chichester has Members Arundel Shorham Lewis Pemsey Hawing Rye and Hyth Creeks Pagham-Point Selsey Brighthemston New-Haven Seaford Winchelsea Lyd and Rumny The Port of Sandwich has Members Dover Feversham Milton and Rochester Creeks Deal Rumsgate Margate Whitestable and Quinbâ—rough These Ports or Publick places are those to which the Officers of the Customs are appropriated which contain and include the Guidances and Privileges of all the Members and Creeks to them appertaining being the places appointed for the Lading and unlading Merchandise The Members are such places as formerly enjoyed Custom-Houses and have yet Offices or their Deputies attending they being accounted Lawful places of Lading or unlading all Commodities unless such as are prohibited The Creeks are places where Officers do or formerly have