the Countryes of Fife Strath-eren Argile Cantire Lorne Braid-Albin the Sherifdome of Perth Anguis Merne Marre Buquhan Murray Loquuabry Rosse Suderland Catnes and Strath-Naverne or the whole North of Scotland from Straithye head vnto the Friths of Edinborough and Dunbriton Their townes were Banatia Tamia Orrea Devana Alata Castra and Tuesis whose interpretations as very vncertaine we let passe The most doe place Alata castra where now is Edinborough But whose errours their farre different situations doe plainely manifest Edinborough standing on this side the Frith and Alata castra in my Authour much beyond amongst the Vaco-magi This was the onely part of Britaine which the Romans left vnconquered By the Roman Historians it is otherwise called Caledonia and the Caledonij into whose generall appellation those lesser names vnited seuered from the Province or the Roman Britons by the trench or wall of Lollius Vrbicus before mentioned whose tract betwixt the Friths of Dunbriton Edinborough called Grahams Dike by the Scots is yet appearing The Novantae on this side the Frith of Dunbriton containing now Galloway Carick Kyle and Cuningham The cities were Leucopibia now probably VVhit-herne in Galloway Rerigonium now Bergeny in Carick The Selgovae now Lidesdale Eusdale Eskdale Annandale Nidisdale named thus from their riuers falling into the Solway Frith Their townes were Carbantorigum standing sometimes where now is Caerlaverocke the dwelling house of the Lord Maxwell Vxelum The place is lost Camden from the name conjectureth it to haue stood vpon the riuer Euse in Eusdale Corda It stood sometimes vpon the Lake called now Loch-Cure in Nidisdale Trimontium The Damnij now Câ—luydsdale the Barony of Renfraw Lennox the Sherifdome of Sterling and Menteth Their townes were Colanica Vanduara now Renfraw Coria not improbably where now is Camelot in the country of Sterling Alauna Lindum now Linlithquo Victoria The Gadeni now Teifidale Twedale Merch and Lothien or the part of Scotland lying vpon the German Ocean betwixt the riuer of Tweede and the Frith of Edinburgh Hitherto Scotland The Otadeni containing now Northumberland in England Their townes were Curia now Corbridge vpon the riuer Tine in Northumberland and Bremenium Bremenium of Antoninus conjectured now to be Rochester in Readesdale in Northumberland The people hitherto inclusiuely from the Novantae were in the time of Dion called all by the generall name of the Maeatae They together comprehended the Province named Valentia by Ammianus Marcellinus and the Author of the Notitia and Valentiana by the Authour of the booke of the Roman Provinces included betwixt the two walls of Lollius Vrbicus and Severus before-mentioned debated for a long time betwixt the Romans and the Northerne British Nations and now recovered by one side and soone after by the other yet by turnes held by the Romanes vntill here the expiration of their Empire Xiphilinus here contradicting Ptolemy obserueth the Caledonij and Maeatae or Northerne Britons not to haue inhabited any Cities or walled townes liuing then naked in tents neither doe we finde any mention hereof in those great journeyes made by Iulius Agricola and the Emperour Severus into Caledonia and the North which giueth suspition the places hitherto set downe by my Authour either not at all to haue beene or that they were onely some scattered habitations deliuered vnto him by vncertaine and false relation and named thus The Brigantes the Brigantes of Tacitus containing now Cumberland VVestmorland the Bishopricke of Durham Yorkeshire and Lancashire or the parts of England lying North of the riuer of Mersee and Humber the Countie of Northumberland excepted Here more properly begun the Roman Province and the Itinerary of Antoninus which no where passeth beyond the limits of the Empire Their townes were Epiacum now Pap-castle in Cumberland Vinovium Vinovia of Antoninus The town is ruinated It stood aunciently where now is Binchester a small hamlet nere vnto Bishop-Aukland in the Bishoprick of Durham Caturactonium Caturacton of Antoninus now Catarick in Richmondshire Calatum Gallatum of Antoninus where now is VVheallep-castle neare Kirkbye-Thore in Westmorland Isurium Isurium of Antoninus now Ald-burrow in Yorkeshire vpon the riuer Yeure Olicana now Inkley in the same shire Rhigodunum now Rible-chester in Lancashire Eboracum Legio Sexta victrix Eboracum Legio Sexta victrix of Antoninus Eboracum a Municipium of the Romans after Aurelius Victor now Yorke Camunlodunum Camulodunum of Antoninus The towne now is not extant The ruines hereof yet appeare vpoÌ„ a steep hill nere vnto Almundbury and the riuer of Calder in the West-riding of Yorkeshire The Parisi part of the Brigantes containing now the East-riding of Yorkeshire Their citie was Petuaria not vnprobably now Beverley The Cornavii now Cheshire Shropshire Staffordshire Worcestershire and Warwicshire Their cities were Deunana Legio vigessima Victrix Deva Legio vigessima victrix of Antoninus now West-chester and Viroconium Vroconium of Antoninus now Wroxcester in Shropshire The Orduices the Ordovices of Tacitus now Flint-shire Denbighshire Caernarvonshire Merionithshire and Mountgomerieshire or North-Wales Their cities were Mediolanium Mediolanum of Antoninus now Lhan-Vethlin in Mountgomeryshire and Brannogenium now Worcester This last Towne is misplaced by my Authour belonging vnto the Cornavii The Demetae now Carmarthenshire Cardiganshire and Pembrokeshire or West-Wales Their cities were Loventinum probably New-Castle in Carmarthenshire and Maridunum now Caermarthen in the same county The Silyres the Silures of Ptolemy Tacitus Antoninus now Herefordshire with Radnorshire Brecknockshire Monmouthshire and Glamorganshire or South-wales Their citie was Bullaeum now Buelth in Brecknockshire The Dobuni the Bodunni of Dion now Glocestershire Oxfordshire Their City was Corinnium Corinium of Antoninus now Cirencester in Glocestershire The Catyeuchlani the Catuellani of Dion now Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire and Hartfordshire Their townes were Vrolanium Verolamium of Tacitus Antoninus a Municipium of the Romans after Tacitus now Verulam by S. Albans in Hartfordshire Salenae The place is now called Chesterfield Salndy standing in Bedfordshire neere vnto Temesford and the riuer Ouse The Coritaui contayning now Lincolneshire Leicestershire Rutlandshire Nottinghamshire Darbyshire The townes were Lindum Lindum of Antoninus now Lincolne and Rhage Ratis of Antoninus now Leicester The Simeni corruptly for the Iceni the Iceni of Tacitus now Huntingdonshire Cambridgeshire Norfolk Suffolk Their City was Venta Venta Icenorum of Antoninus The place where this stood is named Caster where some ruines hereof are yet seene neare vnto the city of Norwich The Trinoantes the Trinobantes of Caesar now Essex ct Midlesex Their City was Camudolun Camulodinum of Dion and Antoninus Camalodunum of Pliny Camalodunum a Colony of old Roman souldiers after Tacitus planted here by P Ostorius Scapula Leiftenant for the Emperour Claudius now Maldon in Essex The Cantii Cantium of Caesar now Kent Their Cities were Darvernum Durovernum of Antoninus now Canterbury Rutupiae Ritupae the port of the Britons after Antoninus and Ritupae
valour and many and great victories against the English vnpartiall graue authors haue willingly acknowledged Constantine sonne to Cador Duke of Cornwall by the appointment of King Arthur whose kinsman he was succeeding in the yeare 542. He was slaine in battaile after Fabian by Aurelius Conanus Aurelius Conanus Nephew to Constantine succeeding in the yeare 545. Vortoporius after Fabian sonne to Aurelius Conanus in the yeare 581. These foure last Princes seeme otherwise out of Gildas who liued about those times to haue ruled together and not successiuely one after another since spoken vnto and personally reprehended by him in his invectiue Epistle de excidio Britanniae Wee adde that Gildas in the same place expressely mentioneth diuerse Kings of the Britons and nameth Vortoporius the tyrant of Dimetia containing a part onely of the present Wales In the raigne of Malgo and yeare 585 after my authour or according to others in the yeare 582 vnder their king Creodda or Crida begun the kingdome of the Mercians the last and greatest of the seauen kingdomes of the Saxons the victorious English by this time ouer-spreading the whole East and Southerne part of the Iland and the Britons confined within a narrow compasse along the Irish or Westerne Ocean much weakned doubtlesse since the decease of king Arthur through the euill and licentious gouernment of the Princes here mentioned called tyrants by Gildas vehemently taxed by him for their cruelty injustice lust and other sinnes and impieties Caretius or Caereticus after others king of the Britons succeeding in the yeare 586. Set vpon after my Authour by the joint Armes of the Saxon Princes he was forced out of the plaine Country beyond the riuer Severne amongst the Welsh mountaines Since this time the Severne was the furthest bounds Eastwards of the Brittish Dominions The Author of the Welsh History maketh mention of one Gurmund an arch-pirate and Captaine of the Norvegians assisting the Saxons in this their war against Caereticus Geffrey of Munmouth more absurdly would haue this Gurmund to haue beene a king of Afrique Neither people or names were at that time extant Cadwan succeeding according to Fabian after many yeares civill dissention in the yeare 613. Cadwallin succeeding in the yeare 633. By Beda he is named Cedwallo by Malmesouriensis Cedwalla Cadwallader sonne to Cadwallin succeeding in the yeare 676. Moued with a superstitious zeale he went vnto Rome to receiue the habit of Religion where shortly after he died in the yeare 689 and Papacy of Sergius Bishop of that sea the last king of the Britons The like voyage during the Papacy of Sergius and agreeing in euery circumstance with this of Cadwallader Venerable Bede to whom more credit is to be giuen relateth of Ceadwalla king of the West-Saxons With no better certainly the Scholiast of the Welsh history attributeth this pilgrimage vnto Edwal son to Cadwallader The relations of the Brittish affaires since the Romans are very vncertaine and many times fabulous through the impudent liberty of Geffrey of Monmouth followed by the vulgar Historians and the ordinary vanity of other their Writers more zealous to maintaine and encrease the honour of their Nation then carefull to preserue the truth After this sort the kingdome of the Britons begun by Vertigern being extinguished and the weake remainders hereof shut vp within the mountaines of the West the Iland became divided amongst many different and for the most part stranger names and inhabitants the Britons Picts Scots Saxons Iutes and English whose fortunes we are in the next place to relate The Britons scattered and divided asunder by the interveening of the Saxons became after this better knowne by the names of the Cornish Welsh and Cumbri or Britons of Cumberland of whom severally THE CORNISH BRITONS THey were named Cornwealer by the auncient Saxons by the Latin authors from hence Cornwalli and their country Cornwallia by later writers Cornubia Malmeshuriensis would haue them thus called from their situation to Cornu-Galliae or Cournovaille in France The more judicious fetch their name frō the word Corn which in the British language as almost in the Latin signifieth a horne or wedge in regard of such a resemblance of their country inhabiting a long narrow promontory from the word Walsh signifying strange or forrein with the Saxons as they accounted all the Britons VVhen this name begun we finde not as neither what was the forme of their gouernement The British authours make mention of Dukes of Cornwall before Cadwallader but of whose truth we much doubt Vpon the conquest of the country where now is Somersetshire by the VVest-Saxon kings they became severed from the rest of the Britons divided afterwards from the Welsh by the Sea of Severne They contained the present Cornwall the whole or part of Devonshire or the country of the Danmonij of Ptolemy By great Egbert the first Monarch of the English in the yeare 809 after Matthew of Westminster they were subdued and made a Province of the Saxon Empire euer since continuing English although to this day in part retaining the British language By King Athelstan succeeding about the yeare 924 at that time extending Eastward as farre as Excester which Citty then they inhabited together with the English they were after Malmesburiensis remoued more VVestward confined within the river Tamar the moderne bounds of Cornwall from Devonshire and the rest of England THE BRITONS OF CVMBERLAND THE word Cumberland signifieth the country of the Kimbri or Cymbry by which appellation the auncient Britons as now are the Welshmen were called in their natiue language By the taking in of Caer-Legion or Chester the neighbouring Regions by the Northumbrian and Mercian Saxons they were excluded from the vnion commerce of the other Britons They contained then the parts where now lye Cumberland Westmorland and Fournesse Fells in Lancashire with part of Scotland beyond Solway Frith secured by their mountaines and wastes wherewith those countryes are on all sides environed Afterwards notwithstanding wee finde them subject to the Saxon kings of Northumberland About the yeare 685 and in the raigne of king Allfrid they shooke off the yoake hereof for of those onely can we interpret the Britons mentioned by Beda assuming liberty after the decease of Ecgfrid his predecessour ouerthrowne and slaine in a great battaile by the Picts VVe doe not reade notwithstanding of the name of Cumbri or Cumbria vntill the Monarchie of the West Saxons and the great warres hereof with the Danes In the Scottish Histories about the yeare 875 we heare of one Constantine king of the Britons of Cumbria invading the Scottish Dominions and slaine in fight by Gregorius king of that Nation succeeded vnto by his brother Hebert More distinctly in Malmesburiensis we finde mention of Eugenius king of the Cumbri made subject to great Atheistan Monarch of the English Vnder Dummailus their last king in the yeare 946 after Matthew of Westminster they were at
and with Leicestershire The country is large extended aboue 60 miles in length and about 30 in bredth and seuered into 3 greater names or divisions 1 of Holland vpon the Washes and Ocean vnto Wainflet 2 Kesteven lying vpon the west of Holland and betwixt the riuers Welland and VVitham with Fosdike 3 and Lindseye betwixt the VVitham Trent and Humber flat brackish and marishy in Holland and along the Sea-coast and in all other parts champian and pleasant distinguished into svndry long ridges of hils beginning at Humber and continuing Southwards most fruitful in their bottomes and thick with townes vpon their tops plaine grassie open and rich in corne and pasturage for sheepe Places of more note are in Kesteven Stanford a walled town consisting of 7 Churches or parishes vpon the river VVelland and the edge of Northamptonshire Hither in the raigne of Edward the third a great part of the Vniversity of Oxford made a famous secession occasioned thorough the quarrels of the Boreales and Australes brought backe not long after by the commaund and authority of the King Since the Graduates there still take an oath at the time of their admission to degrees not to professe in Stanford publiquely as in an Vniversity Vpon the Witham Paunton a country village Ad pontem of Antoninus Grantham vpon the same riuer Vpon the west hereof Belvoir Castle belonging to the Earles of Rutland and naming the subject valley Beyond vpon the heath Ancaster Crococalana of Antoninus Sleford In Holland Crowland vpon the Welland and amongst deepe vnpassable waters marishes accessable only towards the North East by narrow long causyes Spalding amongst dreanes waters Boston a faire towne and a noted Port seated on both sides of the riuer Witham The tower of the beautifull and large Church hereof contayneth 44 fathomes in height or 264 foote a conspicuous noted Sea-marke The Churches generally of those low and moorish parts exceede all others in lustre and fairenes the more admired at by strangers their meaner priuate buildings considered and want of stone and materialls In Lindsey Lindissi of Beda Lincolne Lindum of Ptolemy and Antoninus a Bishops See and the chiefe town vneuenly seated in the bottome and vpon the brow and top of a steep hill vnder which runneth the riuer Witham The Minster or hilly part wherevnto the countrey is every way ascending enioyeth the most large and faire prospect of the kingdome with a seemingly neere distance seene from all parts of the shire and the more eminent places of neighbouring and remote countryes In the Minster a great sumptuous and magnificent Church and the chiefe grace and ornament of the citie is showne amongst others the monument and epitaph of William Smith sometimes Bishop hereof and Lord President of Wales for King Henry the 7 th with S r Richard Sutton Knights the honourable founders of Brasen-nose Colledge in Oxford Here the Roman Militarie way by Ancaster devideth whereof one part crosseth the Trent at Litleborough the other below at Burton neere vnto the fall of the riuer into Humber From Torksey and the Trent a channell hath beene brought hither to the Witham by king Henrie the first called now Fosdike by the inhabitants with those riuers and Humber making Lindsey an Iland Gainsborough vpon the Trent Further downe Burton a noted passage ouer the Trent Beyond lyeth Axholme or the I le of Axey encompassed with the riuers Trent Idell and Dun and contayning about 10 miles in length and some 5 in breadth Glamford-bridge vpon the Ankam a foeculent and moorish riuer affording plenty of most delicate and strange sorts of fowle Caster vnder the cliffe which is a long ridge of hills extended Southwards from the fall of the Ankam into Humber named thus occasioned by a castle whose ruines are yet seene by the leaue of king Vortigerne founded by Hengist after his conquest and victorie of the Picts and Scots Barton a noted passage ouer Humber into Yorkeshire At Humber betwixt this and the mouth of Ankam endeth a Roman Militarie Roade named the Long Meare by the bordering inhabitants continued hither ouer solitarie plaines from Holland and the Fens The place where it is terminated seemeth more aunciently to haue beene the ordinary passage ouer Humber An argument hereof might be the names of South and North Feribyes neighbouring townes vpon the opposite sides of the riuer Louth Vpon the riuer Bane Horn-castle Tatershall In the Marsh Alford Grimesby a decayed haven towne at the mouth of Humber The auncient inhabitants were the Coritani of Ptolemy afterwards the Mercian-Saxons Here are contayned 31 Hundreds or Weapontakes 30 Market townes and 630 Parishes NOTTINGHAM-SHIRE LYing vpon both sides of the Trent and bounded vpon the South with Leicestershire vpon the North with Yorkeshire vpon the East with Lincolneshire and vpon the West with Darbyeshire The parts vpon the hither side of the Trent are fat and rich of corne pasturage as likewise are the South North Clayes beyond the riuer The middle West are in a manner wholy taken vp with the vast forest of Shirewood extended from Nottingham for the space of 22 miles Northwards sandy barren solitarie thin of townes inhabitants Places of more note are Nottingham the chiefe towne vpon the riuers Trent and Lin and the brow of a rocky hill defended with a faire strong castle mounted vpon a steepe and precipitious rocke Newark vpon the Trent Litleborough a small village and a passage ouer the riuer Agelocis of Antoninus In the Clay Retford vpon the riuer Idell In the Sand Forest Blith Workensop graced with a faire house the seate sometimes of the Earles of Shrewesbury belonging now to the Earle of Penbroke Maunsfeld The auncient inhabitants were the Coritani of Ptolemy afterwards the Mercian-Saxons It contayneth 8 Market townes 8 Hundreds 168 Parishes DARBY-SHIRE BOunded vpon the South with Leicestershire vpon the East with Nottinghamshire vpon the North with Yorkeshire vpon the West with Cheshire The South East are populous fruitfull and somewhat woody Beyond the Darwent Westwards arise the high Mountaines of the Peake could rocky barren yet good pasturage for sheepe and plentifull in minerals especially of lead Townes of better note are Chesterfield in Scardale Darby vpon the river Darwen the chiefe towne In the Peake Workesworke Ashborne vpon the riuer Doue Buxton where are hot medicinable springs The auncient inhabitants were the Coritani of Ptolemy afterwards the Mercian-Saxons Here are accompted 8 Market townes 6 Hundreds and 106 Parishes CHESHIRE BOunded vpon the West with the Irish Ocean vpon the North with the riuer Mersee from Lancashire vpon the East with Darbyshire and Staffordshire and vpon the South with the Dee Shropshire and Wales The countrie is rich in pasturage and cattaill well wooded populous full of stoute auncient gentrie Townes here are Congleton vpon the riuer Dan Condate of Antoninus Maclesfeld
Cohort of Spaniards and Haugustald of Beda a Bishops see vnder the SaxoÌ„s Corebridge Curia of Ptolemy a city of the Otadeni Prudhow castle probably Procolitia of the Notitia the station of the 1 Cohort of the Batavi Newcastle not vnprobably Gabrosentum of the Notitia the station of the 2 Cohort of the Thracians the chiefe towne a rich empory and a noted Port whose best trade is vpon Coale distributed from hence ouer all the Seacoasts of the kingdome and into forreine and remote countreyes seated vpon the Picts wall and the side of a steepe hill vnder which runneth the Tine Walls-end Vindomara of Antoninus and Vindobala of the Notitia the station of the 1 Cohort of the Frixagori Here at the Tine endeth the Picts wall Tinmouth-Castle Tunnocellum of the Notitia the station of the 1 Cohort named Aelia Classica At the Sheales vpon both sides of the Tine betwixt this New-castle plenty of salt is boiled with coale made of Sea-waters Along the Picts wall without the Tine Thirlewall betwixt the South-Tine and the head of the river Irthing Here the Scots Picts are said to haue broke thorough into the Province in the raigne of the Emperour Valentinian the third after the departure of the Roman Legions occasioning the aides and invasion of the Saxons Beyond neere to Caer Vorran a part of the wall standeth almost entire containing 15 foote in height some 9 in breadth Short of Busye-gap Chester on the Wall Magnae of the Notitia the station of the 2 Cohort of the Dalmatians Seauenshale Hunnum of the Notitia the station of a Wing of Horse named Saviniana by my Authour Walwick conjecturally Gallana of Antoninus Beyond the North-Tine crosseth the Wall arising from mountaines in the Scottish borders and naming the large village of Tindale Stilicester not vnprobably Cilurnum of the Notitia the station of the 2 wing of the Asturians Pont-Eland vpon theriver Pont Pons-Aelii of the Notitia the station of the 1 Cohort of the Cornavij Borwick Borcovicus of the Notitia the Station of the 1 Cohort of the Tungri Winchester in the Wall Vindolana of the Notitia the station of the 4 Cohort of the Lergi Bamborrow Castle short of the Holy Iland Bebba of Beda Morpit vpon the Wents-beck Anwick vpon the â—iver Alne Vpon the Tweede and Borders of Scotland Werke-castle Norham Berwick vpon the lest banke mouth of the river a strong towne of warre opposed sometimes against the Scots the farthest boundes of the English Empire Vpon the Till a riuer falling into the Tweed aboue Norham Ford Castle To the West beyond the riuer riseth Floddon hill made famous by the death of Iames the fourth king of Scotland slaine in a memorable battle by Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey generall of the English in the raigne of Henry the Eight The ancient inhabitants were the Otadeni of Ptolemie part of the Meatae of Xiphilinus afterwards the Bernicij of Beda part of the Northumbrian English The Earledome of Northumberland after the expulsion of the Danes extended betwixt the rivers Tweed and Humber containing the whole ancient kingdome of Northumberland In the raigne of king Edgar it was parted into two Earledomes or goverments for such then were the Earledomes the Earledome of Northumberland beyond the riuer Tine and on this side revnited not long after and againe divided in the Earles Morcar and Osulfus about the raigne of the Conquerour The part or Earledome on this side of the Tine taking afterwards the name of Yorkshire from the chiefe citty the Earledome and name of Northumberland was left only to the part beyond the Tine continued here vnto our times the beginning and occasion of the present These six shires seeme more anciently to haue contained the consulary Roman Province named Maxima Caesariensis by Rufus Festus and the Notitia with part of the Province Valentia of Ammianus Marcellinus and the same Authors inhabited by the great and populous nation of the Brigantes of Ptolemie with the Otadeni or Maeatae Vnder the Saxons they comprehended the Deiri of Beda with part of the Bernicij divided asunder with the river Tees or the greatest part of the kingdome of Northumberland They make now the fourth or last division of the kingdome bounded vpon the East and West with the German Irish Ocean vpon the North with the rivers Tweed and Eske or the Sark with Solway Frith from Scotland vpon the South with Humber and the Mersee from the rest of England OF THE STATE OF EVROPE The IIII Booke COntaining the Relation and Description of Scotland and of Ireland with other the Ilands of Great Brittaine SCOTLAND THE bounds hereof are the Ocean vpon the East West and North and vpon the South the Mountaine Cheviot the Frith of Solway and the rivers Eske or Sarke Tweed from England It lyeth betwixt the 55â…“ and 60½ degrees of Northerne Latitude subject to the 11 and 12 with part of the 10 and 13 Climates The longest day at Solway Frith containeth about 17 houres and 15 minutes At Straithy head the most Northerly point it containeth 18 houres and 3 quarters The length after this computation is 310 Italian miles The greatest breadth is accompted at 190 English miles The soile is different the West and North craggy and mountainous the East and South lesse hilly and more fruitfull full of rivers and faire lakes and cut into by sundry long and spacious Creekes of the Ocean plentifull in fish and affording good harbours for shipping The Hills abound with Mineralls sea-coale marble copper Iron and lead with some silver Nothing is wanting for the necessary vse of the inhabitants frugall plaine and temperate in their diet not accoustomed to that luxurie excesse vsuall to more rich and fertill countries The ancient inhabitants were the Britons divided by Ptolemie into many lesser names by Dion and Xiphilinus into two only generall of the Caledonij and Maeatae and lastly called the Picts towards the waine of the Roman Empire from their paintings and for their better distinction from the civill and cloathed Britons distinguished by Amm Marcellinus into the The Lawes whereby the whole is gouerned are the Parliamental Municipal or Common and when these are wanting the Ciuill or Roman yet where conscience and equity doe ouer-rule both besides the Session or Supreame Court residing at Edenburg whereunto appeale may be made from the rest c. here administred in 25 Prefectureshipps or Iuridicall Resorts 1. the Countries or Sheriffdomes of Edenburg Linlithquo Selkirck Roxburgh Peblis Lanark Renfrew Dunfreis Wighton Aire Bute Argile and Tarbar Dunbriton Perth Clackmannan Kinros Fife Kincardin Forfair Aberdone Bamff Elgin Forres Narn Innernesse Cromarty and Orkney and Schetland 2. the Seneschaussees or Stewarties of Mentieth Strath-ern Kircudbricht and Annandale 3. the Bailywicks of Kile Carick and Cunningham 4. and the Constableship of Haddington whose Iudges in both causes Ciuill and Criminall are the Sheriffs Stewards or Bailiffs of each
Cape Finisterre they end with the auncient world Pliny seemeth to call these Iuga Asturum Not vnfitly we may name them the Mountaines Cantabrian from their neighbourhood vnto that Sea Guipuscoa Biscay Asturia with part of Galitia or the parts of Spaine lying North hereof betwixt them and the Ocean are called by the natiues the Countries beyond the Mountaines A more eminent top hereof is the Mountaine S t Adrian situated in the high roade to Baione and France cut through in the middest for the more easie passage of travellers from whose top Vasaeus Brugensis reporteth that he saw both the Cantabrian and Mediterranean Seas Out of those craggie hills towards the head of the riuer Ebro proceedeth a third ridge which running directly South by the cities Burgos Taradona Daroca at length end at the Mediterranean a litle West of the fall of the riuer Ebro The whole was aunciently by Ptolemy Strabo named mons Idubeda It is now called by diuerse names neere vnto the towne of Burgos Monte D'oca at the head of the riuer Duero Sierra de Coçollo neere to Taradona Monte Moncaio to Daroca Sierra Balbaniera and at the sea Monte Moncia From Idubeda a little beneath Monte Moncaio ariseth a fourth banke of mountaines which first directing their course South-west by the townes Molina and Cuença afterwards at Segura and Alcaroz doe part into two branches the one extending to the towne of Muxacra Murcia and the Levant the other passing through the kingdome of Granado along the coast of the Levant vntill ending at the towne and straights of Gibraltar This whole ridge is named Orospeda by Strabo Ptolemy calleth part hereof Montem Illipulam now the tract of the Alpuxarras It now hath diverse names Neere vnto the towne of Molina it is called Monte de Molina to Cuença Monte de Cuença to Alcaraz Sierra de Alcaraz to Segura Monte de Segura to Granado Sierra Nevada to Velez Malaga the Alpuxarras and to Ronda Sierra de Ronda The extreame point hereof aunciently named Calpe now the mountaine of Gibraltar was one of the two famous pillars of Hercules the end and bounds of his labours answered on the other side of the straights in Afrique by another like copped mountaine called Abila which was the other pillar The narrow Seas betwixt those two hills were named from hence Fretum Herculeum now the straights of Gibraltar Out of Orospeda about the towne of Alcaraz brancheth the a fift mountaine named by Ptolemy Mons Marianus now Sierra Morena which running along the right shoare of the riuer Guadalquiver still accompanieth the same vnto the Atlantique Ocean The part hereof from Alcaraz vnto Cordova was particularly named by Caesar Saltus Castulonensis from the city Castulo now Navas de Tolosa Neere vnto the Mountaine Moncaio and the beginning of Orospeda in the middest of a spacious plaine ariseth by degrees a sixt ridge of Mountaines which keeping the riuer Taio continually vpon the left side from the which it is neuer farre distant first distinguisheth New Castille from the Old then deviding Portugal into two equall parts at the towne of Sintra some 28 miles from Lisbona maketh the Promontory aunciently called Lunae Montis Promontorium by Ptolemy now Capo de S t Gian This long ridge is not now knowne by any one name new or auncient but onely by the names of such townes it passeth by neere to the towne of Avila being called Monte de Avila to Segovia Monte de Segovia to Placenza Vera de Placenza The part hereof in the kingdome of Castille was called by Pliny u Iuga Carpetania the part in Portugal Lunae Mons by Ptolemy THE RIVERS THe rivers for the most part issue out of those Mountainous tracts The greater are the Ebro Guadalquivir Guadiana Taio Duero Minio The Ebro ariseth with two heads out of the Cantabrian Mountaines neere to the beginning of Monte D'oca at the towne which is named from hence Fuentibre Passing from hence through the kingdomes of Navarra and Aragon by the townes Tudela Saragoça and Tortosa a litle below this city deviding its streames after the course of 460 miles it falleth into the Mediterranean Chiefer riuers which are hereinto receyved are first out of the mountaines of the Pyrenes Arga rio occasioning the name of that kingdome now confining the countries Aragonia and Navarra Gallego rio Senga and Segre On the other side of the Ebro out of the mountaine Idubeda Xalon rio Guadalquivir signifieth in the language of the Moores a great water It springeth out of Sierra de Alcaraz part of Orospeda not farre from the towne of Caçorla Flowing through Andaluzia by the cities Cordova and Sivilla a litle from S t Lucar de Barameda it is disburdened into the Ocean Chiefer streames which empty hereinto are Guadalimar rio out of Sierra de Alcaraz and Xenil out of the mountaines of Granado Guadiana signifyeth in the same Moorish language the water Anas the auncient name It ariseth amongst the mountainous heapes of Orospeda in Campo de Montiel neere vnto an obscure towne named Cagnamares Afterwards betwixt the townes Medelino and Villaria it is hidden vnder ground for the space of ten miles Deviding first Estemadura then that country Portugal betwixt Ayamonte and Castromarin it is swallowed by the Ocean There are not any riuers of accompt which are receiued into the channell hereof although the course be very long which hapneth thorough an extraordinarie drines of the neighbouring Countries The Taio streameth out of Orospeda about 6 miles from a litle towne called Tragaçet not farre from Cuença Through New Castille Portugall and by the cities Toledo and Lisbona at Cascais it falleth into the Ocean Of the famous gold hereof is made the Scepter of the kings of Portugal Chiefer riuers flowing hereinto are Henares and Guadaraema both of them issuing out of the Mountaines of Castille Duero ariseth out of the Sierra de Coçollo part of Idubeda not farre from the towne of Soria and the ruines of the auncient Numantia It first directeth its streames towards the South but meeting with the Mountaines of Castille it diverteth to the West whence carrying along all the riuers of Castillia la Veia and Leon and passing through Portugall a litle below the towne of Porto it is disburdened into the Atlantique This is thought to containe a greater quantity of waters then the Taio doth although straitned within a more narrow channell flowing for the most part amongst hills and mountaines it seemeth lesser It is neither by reason of the swift current so navigable as the other Chiefer riuers emptied hereinto are the Pisverga and Termes The riuer Minio springeth out of the Alpes of Galitia at Castelverde some 6 miles vpon the North of Lugo Meeting with the river Avia at the towne of Valentia then deviding Galitia and
by the issue of this warre partly made subject to the Empire hereof and partly won vnto their friendship and confederacy Occasioned by the sundry after warres tumults and rebellions of the fierce and warlike people of the Celtiberi Numantini Lusitani Celtici Calaeci Astures Cantabri and others severally tamed and brought vnder by their Captaines and Leiftenants Cato Censorinus Gracchus the Metelli Lucullus Decimus Brutus Fabius Scipio Numantinus Pompey and Augustus Caesar for together to the ruine of the whole they neuer consented in any warre after aboue 200 yeares resistance they at length conquered the whole not fully quieted and reduced into the order of a Province vntill Augustus the first people of the Continent the Italians excepted in part subdued herevnto and almost the last totally and fully conquered brought vnder their lawes and government The whole time the Romans commanded here accompting from Scipio African vnto Eurycus King of the Visi-Gothes by whom they were quite expulsed was about 700 yeares gouerned by their Proconsuls Praetors Rectors Vicarii other names of Magistrates according as the times and policy of the Empire changed THE DESCRIPTION OF SPAINE VNDER THE ROMANS THE first devision which we finde hereof during those first times was into the hither and the further Spaine the riuer Ebro bounding those two parts afterwards this bound set further Westwards and the hither Spaine contayned betwixt it and the Pyrenaean mountaines and the further Spaine lying beyond Augustus Caesar subdividing the further Spaine first distinguished the whole into 3 parts or Provinces the hither Spaine otherwise more commonly called Tarraconensis from the city Tarraco and Baetica Lusitania the parts of the further Spaine a devision afterwards obserued through the Empire vntill the raigne of the Emperour Constantine the great the exacter bounds whereof with their people cities as they were in those times I haue inserted out of Ptolemy as followeth with reference to Strabo Pliny and other auncient Geographers BAETICA SO called from the river Betis now Guadalquivir passing through the same The bounds hereof were the Sea extended from the more Easterne branch of the river Anas vnto the towne of Murgis neere the Promontory Charidemum the riuer Anas deviding it from Lusitania and a line drawne from the Anas over land vnto the said Towne of Murgis parting it from Tarraconesis Mariana beginneth this line from the riuer Anas or Guadiana where now standeth the towne of Almagro continuing the same ouer Navas de Tolosa vnto the forenamed towne of Murgis and the sea Mediterranean It contayneth at this day the countries of Granado and Andaluzia with part of Estremadura Portugal The people hereof were the Bastuli Paeni the Bastuli of Strabo now the Sea-coasts of Andaluzia and Granado from the straights of Gibraltar vnto the Promontory de Gates Their cities were Menralia now Begorra de Melana Traducta Barbesola Barbesula of Pliny and Mela. Carteia Carteia of Pliny Strabo and Mela and Calpe Carteia of Antoninus situated betwixt Malaca and Gades now Algeriza Suea now Chipiona Malaca Malaca of Strabo Mela Antoninus Suel Malaca of Pliny now Malaga Menoba Maenoba of Strabo Menoba of Pliny and Antoninus in the way betwixt Malaca and Castulo Sex Sexi Firmum surnamed Iulium of Pliny and Sexitanum of Antoninus in the way betwixt Castulo and Malaca now Velez Malaga Selambina Selambina of Pliny now Selabrenna Extentio Abdara Abdera of Pliny founded by the Carthaginians Abdera built by the Phenicians after Strabo now Almeria Portus Magnus and Baria now Barria The Turduli Turduli of Strabo Turduli part of Baeturia after Pliny now the rest of Granado with part of Andaluzia within the land towards Tarraconensis whose cities were Setia Sitia of Pliny Illurgis Illiturgi surnamed Forum Iulium of Pliny Illiturgis of Antoninus in the way betwixt Castulo and Corduba now Anduxar a village towne distant about halfe a Spanish league from Iaen Vogia Calpurniana now Carpio Caecilla Baniana Corduba Corduba of Strabo Mela and Antoninus and Corduba a Roman Colony sunamed Patritia by Pliny now Cordova Iulia Iulia of Pliny Strabo now Belia Obulcum Obulco of Strabo and Obulco surnamed Pontificense of Pliny now Porcunna Arcilacis now Alcala-horra Detunda Murgis Murgis the end of Baetica after Pliny and Murgis of Antoninus in the way betwixt Castulo Malaca now Muxacra Salduba Salduba of Pliny and Mela now Vbeda Tucci Tucis of Strabo Tucci surnamed Augusta Gemella of Pliny and Tucci of Antoninus in the way betwixt the mouth of the river Anas and Emerita Sala Balda Ebora Ebura surnamed Cerealis of Pliny Onoba Onoba of Strabo Onoba Martialum of Pliny and Onoba of Antoninus in the way betwixt Emerita and the mouth of the riuer Anas Illipula magna Illipula surnamed Laus of Pliny Illipula vpon the river Baetis of Strabo Selia Vescis Escua Escua of Pliny Artigis Artigi surnamed Iulienses of Pliny Artigi of Antoninus in the way betwixt Corduba and Emerita now Alhama Calicula Lacibis Lacibi of Pliny Sacilis Sacili of Pliny now Alcorrucen Laccippo Laccippo of Pliny Illiberis Iliberi surnamed Iulienses of Pliny standing sometimes vpon the hill Elvire neere vnto the citie of Granado Mnesthei Portus Mnesthei Portus of Strabo now El Puerto de S. Maria. Belon Bello of Mela Belon of Pliny Belo of Strabo and Belo of Antoninus in the way betwixt Malaca Gades now Tarif The Turditani the Turditani of Strabo contayning now in a manner the rest of Andaluzia with the part of Estremadura lying towards Portugal whose townes were Canaca Seria Seria of Pliny Osca Osca of Pliny Caeriana Vrium Illipula Ilipula minor of Pliny Setida Ptucci Sala Nebrissa Nebrissa of Strabo and Nebrissa surnamed Venerea inter Baetis aestuaria of Pliny now Le-brixa Vgia Asta Asta Regia of Pliny and Strabo Asta of Antoninus in the way betwixt Gades and Corduba now Xeres de la Frontera Corticata Lelia Italica Italica of Strabo Ilipa surnamed Italica of Pliny and Italica of Antoninus 6. m. frō Hispalis now Sevilla la Veia Maxilua Vcia Carissa Carisa surnamed Aurelia of Pliny now Carina Calduba Caesula Saguntia Saguntia of Pliny now Giconça Asindū Asido Caesariana of Pliny now Medina Sidonia Nertobriga now Valera Ar-monta Contributa Contributa of Pliny and Contributa of Antoninus in the way betwixt the mouth of the Anas and Emerita Rhegina Cursus Mirobriga Mirobrica of Pliny Spoletinum Laepa magna Hispalis Hispalis of Strabo Mela and Hispalis Colonia surnamed Romulensis of Pliny now Sevilla Obucola Obulcula of Pliny and Obucula of Antoninus in the way betwixt Hispalis Emerita Oleastrum Oleatrum of Strabo Oleastro of Pliny now Oleatro Vrbona Baesippo Besippo of Mela Baesippo of Antoninus in the way betwixt Malaca and Gades Fornacis Arsa Arsa of Pliny Asyla Astygis Astygi colonia surnamed Augusta Firma of Pliny Astygi of Mela and Astygi of Antoninus seated betwixt Hispalis and Cordova now Eceia and Charmonia Carmon of Strabo and Carmon of Antoninus
seated betwixt Hispalis Emerita The Celtici of Pliny now the part of Estremadura confining vpon Portugal whose townes were Aruci Arucci of Plinie Arunda Arunda of Pliny Curgia Acinipo Acinippo of Pliny and Vama Pliny addeth amongst the Bastuli Paent the townes Ossonoba surnamed Lusturia Interfluentes Luxia Vrium and Mellaria Mellaria of Strabo and Mela and Mellaria of Antoninus in the way betwixt Malaca Gades Amongst the Bastitani Segeda surnamed Augurina Virgao surnamed Alba Vergi in the bay Vergitanus after Mela now Vera. Singilia now Antiqueria Hegua Arialdunum Aglaminor Baebro Castra Vinaria Episibrium Hipponova Illurco Succubo and Nuditanum In the resort of Corduba Ossigi surnamed Laconicum Ipasturgi surnamed Triumphale Ripepora Faederatorum Corbulo and Decuma In the resort of Hispalis Osset surnamed Iutia Constantia Celtica Axatiara Vergentum and Colobona In the resort of Astigi Attubi surnamed Claritas Iulia. Vrso surnamed Genua Vrbanorum Vrso of Strabo now Ossuna Munda Munda of Strabo now Munda Ostippo Ostippo of Antoninus in the way betwixt Gades Corduba Callet Castra Gemina Merucra Sacrana Oningis Vertobrige Concordia Iulia. Laconimurgi Constantia Iulia. Turobrica Lastigi Alpesa Saepona and Serippo And in the resort of Gades Vlia Vrgia surnamed Castrum Iulium Besaro with others whose present names places we finde not Strabo addeth Apetua Astenas and Luciferi Fanum now S. Lucar de Barrameda The whole number of townes after Pliny amounted to 175 of all sorts amongst which were foure iuridicall resorts Gades Corduba Astygi and Hispalis 8 Roman colonies 8 Roman Municipia 29 enjoying the rights of the auncient Latines 6 free townes and 120 Stipendiaries The part lying betwixt the riuer Anas Baetis he more particularly nameth Baeturia distinguished into Baeturia Celtica surnamed thus from the Celtici which was the part adjoyning to Lusitania and Baeturia Turdulorum â—ying neere to Tarraconensis surnamed thus from the people of the Turduli LVSITANIA THus named from the chiefe inhabitants the Lusitani The bounds hereof were the riuer Anas common herevnto and Baetica the Ocean intercepted betwixt the Anas and Duero the Duero deviding it from the Callaici Bracarenses and a line from the Duero vnto the Anas parting it from Tarraconensis Mariana draweth this line from the confluence of the Duero Pisuerga by Puente de Arcibispo a noted bridge over the Taio vnto that part of the Anas where sometimes dwelt the Oretani and called now Comarcha de Almagro It comprehendeth now the part of the kingdome of Portugal betwixt the Guadiana Duero with parts of Estremadura and the two Castiles The people were the Turditani Turduli Veteres called otherwise the Barduli and Tapori after Pliny continuate with those of Baetica lying on both sides the Promontory Sacrum from the Anas vnto the river Tagus and contayning now the kingdome of Algarue with part of the true Portugal vnto that riuer whose cities were Balsa Balsa of Pliny and Balsa of Antoninus seated in the way from Estris vnto Pax Iulia now Tavilla Ossonoba Ossonoba of Pliny and Ossonoba of Antoninus now Gibraleon or Faro Salacia Salacia of Pliny and Salacia of Antoninus in the way betwixt Olisipon Emerita now Setunel Caetobrix Pax Iulia Pax of Pliny and Pax Iulia of Antoninus now Beia or Badaios and Iulia Myrtilis Myrtylis of Pliny The Celtici Celtici of Strabo continuate likewise with those of Baetica and comprehending now part of the true Portugal betwixt the riuers Palma and Taio whose cities were Lancobriga Langobriga of Antoninus Piana Braetoleum Mirobrica Mirobrigenses of Pliny Mirobriga of Antoninus in the way betwixt Emerita and Caesaraugusta Arcobriga now Alcaçor Meribriga Merobrica of Pliny Catraleucos Turres Albae and Arundae Arunditani of Pliny The Lusitani particularly so called containing now Portugal betwixt the riuer Taio and Duero with part of Estremadura and New Castile whose cities were Oliosipon Olisipon of Antoninus Olysippo surnamed Faelicitas Iulia of Pliny now Lisbona Lavara now Avero Aritium Aritium Praetorium of Antoninus in the way betwixt Oliosipon and Emerita Selium Sellium of Antoninus in the way betwixt Oliosipon and Bracara Augusta Elcoboris Araducta Verurium Velladis Aminium Chretina Arabriga Scabaliscus Scalabis surnamed Praesidium Iulium of Pliny and Scalabis of Antoninus in the way betwixt Oliosipon and Bracara Augusta now Trugillo or Santaren Tacubis Concordia Concordienses of Pliny Talabriga Talabrica of Antoninus in the way from Oliosipon to Bracara Augusta Rusticana now Cuidad Rodrigo Menteculia Carium Caurenses of Pliny now Coria Turmogum Burdua Colarnum Colarni of Pliny Salaecus Amaea Ammienses of Pliny Norba Casarea Norba Caesariana of Pliny now Alcantara Licinniana Augusta Emerita Augusta Emerita of Pliny and Strabo Emerita of Antoninus Emerita the chiefest city in Lusitania after Mela now Merida Evandria Evandriata of Antoninus in the way from Oliosipon to Emerita now Caçeres Geraea Caecilia Gemelliana Castra Caecilia of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta now S. Maria de Guadalupe and Capasa The Vettones Vettones of Strabo now part of Leon Castillia la Veia whose cities were Lancia opidana Lancienses of Pliny Cottaeobriga Salmantica Salmantica of Antoninus in the way betwixt Emerita and Caesaraugusta now Salamança Augustobriga Augustobrigenses of Pliny and Augustobriga of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta Ocellum Ocelenses of Pliny and Ocellum Duri of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta Capara Caperenses of Pliny Manliana Laconimurgi Deobriga Obila and Lama Pliny addeth the Pesuri and of townes Conimbrica Conimbrica of Antoninus in the way from Oliosipon to Bracara now Condexa neere Coimbre Minium Colippo Eburo Castra Iulia. Ebora surnamed Liberalitas Iulia Ebora of Antoninus in the way from Oliosipon to Emerita now Ebora with others whose places are lost The whole number of townes he putteth downe to be 45 amongst which were one Roman Municipium Olysippo 5 Roman Colonies Emerita Augusta Pax Iulia Norba Caesarea Metallinensis and Scalabis three free townes of the ancient Latines Ebora Myrtilis and Salacia and 36 Stipendiaries divided amongst 3 iuridicall resorts of Emerita Pax Iulia and Scalabis TARRACONENSIS NAmed thus from Tarraco now Taragona sometimes the chiefe city The bounds hereof were the lines before described dividing it from Baetica together with the Pyrenaean mountaines from France It contained all the rest of Spaine at this day the Countreyes of Galitia Asturia Biscaia Olava Guipuscoa Murcia the greatest parts of the two Castiles la Veia and la Nueva Portugal betwixt the riuers Duero and Minio Navarra and the kingdome of Aragon The people were the Callaici Braecarij surnamed thus from the city Braecara Callaici Callaeci and Gallaeci of Strabo and Bracari of Pliny comprehending now the part of the kingdome of Portugal lying betwixt the riuers Minio and Duero whose Cities were Braecaria Augusta Braecara of Antoninus Bracae of Pliny a iuridicall resort now Braga Calodunum Calodunum of Antoninus in the way from Bracara to Austrica Pinetus Pinetum of Antoninus in the way
betwixt Bracara and Asturica Complutica Complutica of Antoninus in the same way from Bracara to Asturica Tuntobriga Araduâ—a Aquae â—â—cae Turodorum Velobriga Nemetanorum Caeliobriga Caelerinorum now Berganca Forum Bibalorum Forum Limicorum Tude Gruiorum Castellum Tyde of Pliny now Tui Merva Luancorum Aquae Cuacernorum Cambaetum Lubaenorum and Forum Narbasorum The Callaici Lucenses so surnamed from the city Lucus now Lugo containing Galitia with part of Asturia de Oviedo and divided from the Callaici Braecarij by the riuer Minio whose cities were Flavium Brigantium Brigantium of Antoninus seated in the way by the Sea-coasts from Bracara to Asturica now Corunna Burum Olina now Molina Vaeca Libunca Pintia now Cheroga Caronium Turuptiana Glandomirum Glandomirum of Antoninus in the same way by the Sea-coasts from Bracara to Asturica now Mondonedo Ocelum Turriga Iria Flavia in Caporis now Padron Claudiomerium Novium Lucus Augusti Lucus of Pliny a iuridicall resort suited by 16 people Lucus Augusti of Antoninus in the way by the Sea-coasts betwixt Bracara and Asturica now Lugo Aquae Calidae in Cilinis Aquicaldenses of Pliny and Aquae Celeniae of Antoninus in the way by the Sea-coasts from Bracara to Asturica now Orense Dactonium in Lemavis Flavialambris in Baedyis Talamina and Aquae Quintianae in Seuris The Astures East of the Callaici Lucenses Astures of Strabo and Astures of Pliny comprehending 12 people and diuided into the 2 general names of the Augustani and Transmontani whereof part were the Giguri Pesici Lancienses and Zoelae containing now the rest of Asturia de Oviedo with the Country of Leon. Their cities were Lucus Asturum now Oviedo Laberis Interamnium Interamnium Flavium of Antoninus in the way betwixt Bracara Asturica Argenteola Argentiolum of Antoninus in the way betwixt Bracara Asturica Langiati Maliaca Gigia Bergidum Flavium Germanica Legio Septima Legio Septima Gemina of Antoninus now Leon. Brigaetium Brigaecinorum Bedunia Bedunensium Intercatia Orniacorum Intercatia of Polibius in Strabo and Intercatia of Antoninus in the way by the Cantabrians from Asturica to Caesaraugusta Pelontium Lungonum Nardinium Selinorum Petavonium Supereriatiorum Petavonium of Antoninus in the way from Bracara to Asturica Asturica Augusta Asturica of Antoninus Asturica a magnificent citie after Pliny now Astorga Nemetobriga Tiburorum Nemetobriga of Antoninus in the way from Bracara to Asturica and Formm Egurrorum Forum of Antoninus in the way from Bracara to Asturica The Paesici Paesici of Pliny part of the Astures now Asturia Santillana whose city was Flavionavia now S. Anderos The Cantabri East of the Astures Regio Cantabrorum of Pliny and Cantabri of Strabo whose cities were Coucana Otaviolca Argenomescum Vadinia now Victoria Camarica Iuliobriga Iuliobrica of Pliny now Logronno Moraeca The Murbogi adjoyning to the Cantabri whose cities were Braum now Burgos Sisaraca Deobrigula Deobricula of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco Ambisna Setisacum The Autrigones East of the Murbogi Cantabri whose cities were Flaviobriga Flaviobriga colonia of Pliny where now Bilbao Vxamabarca Segisamonculum Segisamon of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Segura Viruesca Virouesca of Antoninus in the same way Antecuia Deobriga Deobriga of Antoninus in the same way betwixt Asturica Tarraco Vindelia Salionca The Varduli vpon the sea Cantabrique the Varduli of the resort of Clunia contayning 14 people after Pliny and the Bardyali Bardietae of Strabo whose cities were Menosca now Vramea Gaballa Gebalaeca Tulonium Tullonium of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Burdegala Alba Alba of Antoninus in the same way Segontia Paramica Segontia of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta Tritium Tuboricum Tritium of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Burdegala Thabuca The Caristi vpon the same shore of the sea Cantabrique wherein were the townes Suestasium Tullica Velia These 5 last were all parts of the generall name of the Cantabri and together comprehended now the countries of Biscaia Guipuscoa and Olava with part of Castillia la Veia The Vascones Vascones of Strabo Pliny now Navarra with part of Guipuscoa whose cities were Easo now Fuentarabia or neere therevnto Pompelon Pompelonenses of Pliny Pompelon of Strabo Pompelon of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Burdegala now Pampelona Iturissa Dituris Andelus Nemanturista Curnovium Iacca now Iaca. Gracuris now Agreda Calagorina Calaguris of Strabo Calaguritani surnamed Fibularenses of Pliny and Calagurris of Antoninus in the way betwixt Narbo in Gaule Legio 7 Gemina now Calahorra Bascontum Ergaula Tarraga Tarragenses of Pliny Muscaria Setia and Alavona The Vaccaei Vaccaei of Strabo in the inland adjoyning to the Callaici Braecarij and contayning now the greatest part of Castillia la Veia whose cities were Bergiacis Intercatia Intercatia of Antoninus in the way from Asturica by Cantabria to Caesarugusta Viminacium Viminacium of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Burdegala Porta Augusta Antraca Lacobriga Lacobricenses of Pliny and Lacobriga of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco Avia Sepontia Paramica Gella Albocella Rauda Segisama Iulia Segisameiensienses of Pliny Segisama of Polybius in Strabo and Segisamon of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Tordesillas Palantia Pallentini of Pliny Pallantia amongst the Arevacae of Strabo Pallantia of Mela Palantia of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Palentia Eldana now Puennas Gougium now Cabecon Cauca Cauca of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta Octodurum Pintia Pintia of Antoninus in the way from Asturica by the Cantabrians vnto Caesaraugusta now Vallidolid Sentica Sentice of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta now Camora Sarabris The Carpetani South of the Vaccaei and Arevacae Carpetani of Strabo and Carpetani of Pliny contayning now the greatest part of Castillia la Nueva whose cities were Ilurbida Etelesta Ilaccuris Varada Thermada Tituacia Mantua now Madrid Toletum Toletani of Pliny and Toletum of Antoninus in the way from Emerita vnto Caesaraugusta now Toledo Complutum Complutenses of Pliny and Complutum of Antoninus in the way from Emerita vnto Caesaraugusta now Alcala de Henares Caraâ—ca now Guadalajara Libora now Talavera Ispinum Metâ—rcosa Barnacis Alternia Paterniana now Pastrana Rigusa and Laminium Laminitani of Pliny and Laminium of Antoninus in the way by Lusitania from Emerita vnto Caesaraugusta The Oretani South of the Carpetani and Celtiberi Oretani of Strabo and Oretani surnamed Germani of Pliny comprehending now part of Castillia la Nueva and Andaluzia whose cities were Salaria Salaria of Pliny Sisapona Sisapon of Strabo and Sisapon of Antoninus in the way by Lusitania from Emerita vnto Caesaraugusta Oretum Germanorum Orid of Strabo where now is the chappell called Nuestra Sennora'd Oreto neere the towne of Calatrava Aemiliana Mirobriga Mirobriga of Antoninus in the way by Lusitania betwixt Emerita and Caesaraugusta Salica Libicosa Castulon Castulonenses of Pliny Castaon of Strabo Castulo of Antoninus now Caslona la Veia Lupparia Mentisa Mentesani
of Pliny Cervaria Biatia Lacuris Lacuris of Antoninus in the way by Lusitania from Emerita to Caesaraugusta Tiva The Pelendones adjoyning to the Murbogi Pelendones part of the Celtiberi of Pliny now part of Castillia la Veia whose cities were Visâ—ntium now Viseo Augustobriga Augustobriga of Antoninus in the way by the Caâ—abrians from Asturica to Caesaraugusta now Aldea el Maro and Savia The Arâ—vacae adjoyning to the Pelendones Berones Arrebaci of Pli. bâ—nevaci part of the Celtiberi after Strab now part of Castillia la Veia whose cities were ConflueÌ„ta Clunia Clunia the end of Celtiberia after Pliny Clunia of Anton. in the way froÌ„ Asturica by the Cantabrians to Caesaraugusta now Corunna del Conde Termes Termes of Plin. now Cuidad Real Vxama Vxama of Pliny Vxama of Antoninus in the way from Asturica by the Cantabrians vnto Caesaraugusta now Osma Setortia Lacta now Sepulveda Veluca Tucris now Tudela Numantia Numantia of Strabo Mela Numantini of Pliny and Numantia of Antoninus in the way from Asturica by the Cantabrians vnto Caesaraugusta now Garay a village towne neare Soria Segubia Segovia of Pliny and Segovia of Autoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta now Segovia and Noudaugusta Nova Augusta of Pliny The Celtiberi East of the Carpetani Celtiberi of Pliny Strabo and Celtiberia of Solinus containing now part of Aragonia Valentia and Castillia la Nueva whose cities were Belsinum now Borgia Turiaso Turiasionenses of Pliny and Turiaso of Antoninus in the way from Asturica by the Cantabrians vnto Caesaraugusta now Tarrazona Nertobriga Nertobriga of Antoninus in the way from Emerita vnto Caesaraugusta now Alurha Bilbis Bilbilis of Strabo and Bilbilis of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta standing sometimes vpon the hill now called Baubola some halfe a Spanish league from Calataiud Arcobriga Arcobriga of Antoninus in the way from Emerita to Caesaraugusta now Arcoz Cesada Mediolum now Medina Caeli Attacum Ergavica now Alcamiz Segobriga Segobriga of Strabo and Segobricenses the chiefe citie of Celtiberia after Pliny now Segorve Condobora now Seguenca Bursada Lacta Valeria Istonium Alaba Libana and Vrcesa now Velez These 3 were all parts of the generall name of the Celtiberi The Lobetani adjoyning to the Celtiberi whose citie was Lobetum The Illergetes Regio Illergetum of Pliny adjoyning to the Vascones and contayning now part of Aragonia whose cities were Bergusia Celsa Bergidum Erga now Vrgel Succosâ— Osca Osca of Strabo Oscenses in the countrie Vescitania after Pliny and Osca of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Huescar Burtina Bortina of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Balbastro Gallica Flava Gallicum of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Fraga Orgia now Alâ—arez and Ilerda Ilerda of Strabo and Ilerda of Antoninus in the way from Asturica to Tarraco now Lerida The Cerretani more East Cerretani of Strabo inhabiting the vallyes of the Pyrenaean mountaines now the rest of Aragonia whose city was Iulia Lybica The Bastitani Bastitani of Strabo contayning now part of the countries of Valencia and Murcia whose cities were Pucialia Salaria now Siruela Turbula Saltiga Bigerra now Beiar Abule Asso Bergula Carca Illunum Arcilacis now Archifana Segifa Orcelis now Orihuela Vergilia and Acci Colonia Accitania of Pliny and Acci of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vnto Castulo The Contestani Contestania of Pliny contayning part of the same countries of Murcia Valentia whose cities were Carthago nova Carthago founded by the Carthaginians after Pliny Carthago nova built by Hasdrubal Successour to Barca father vnto Hannibal after Strabo Carthago built by Hasdrubal captaine of the Carthaginians after Mela Carthago founded by the Carthaginians and afterwards made a Roman colony after Solinus and Carthago Spattaria of Antoninus now Carthagena Alonae Alon of Mela now Alicante Menralia now Murcia Valentia Valentia Colonia of Pliny Valentia of Mela and Valentia of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vnto Castulo now Valentia Setabis Setabis of Strabo Setabitani of Pliny now Xativa Setabicula Illicias Illici a free colonie after Pliny Illice giving the name to the bay called Ilicitanus after Mela and Illicis of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vnto Castulo and Iaspis The Edetani Regio Edetania of Pliny East of the Contestani Bastitani Celtiberi now part of Valentia Aragonia whose cities were Caesaraugusta Caesaraugusta of the Celtiberi of Strabo Caesaraugusta a free colonie formerly named Salduba after Pliny Caesaraugusta a famous inland citie after Mela Caesaraugusta of Antoninus now Saragoca Bernama Ebora Belia Arsi now Harilâ— Damania Leonica Osicerda Etobesa Lassira Edeta Saguntum Saguntum founded by the ZacynthiaÌ„s after Strabo SaguntuÌ„ a town of Roman citizens after Pliny Saguntus famous for miseries the faith thereof vnto the Romans after Mela and Saguntus of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vnto Castulo now Morviedre Dianium Dianium a towne of the Massilians after Strabo Dianium oppidum Stipendiarium of Pliny Dianium of Solinus now Denia The Ilercaones East of the Edetani Regio Ilergaonum of Pliny now part of the countries of Valentia Catalonia whose townes were Carthago vetus now Villa-Franca Bisgargis Bisgargitani of Pliny Theava Adeba Tiariâ—lia Sigarra and Dertosa Dertusani of Pliny Dertossa colonia the passage ouer the riuer Iberus after Strabo and Dertosa of Antoninus in the way from Narbo to Castulo now Tortosa The Authetani West of the Cerretani Aâ—setani at the foote of the Pyrenaean mountaines of Pliny whose townes were Aquae Calidae Baecula Ausa now Vich Gerunda Gerunda of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vâ—to Legio 7 Gemina the Gerundenses of Pliny now Girona The Castellani adjoyning to the Authetani whose cities were Sependium Basi. Egosa and Boseda The Iaccetani West of the Castellani Iaccetani of Strabo Lacetani at the foote of the Pyrenaean Mountaines of Pliny whose cities were Lyssa Vdura Ascerris Setelsis Telobis Ceressus Bacasis Iespus Cinna and Anabis The Indigeti Indigetes of Pliny whose cities were Emporiae Emporium founded by the Massilians of Strabo Emporiae descended from the Phocenses and devided into two townes inhabited a part the one by the Spaniards the other by the Greekes after Pliny now Ampurras Rhoda Rhodope of Strabo founded by them of Emporium after others by the Rhodians now Roses Deciana Iuncaria Iuncaria of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vnto Legio 7 Gemina now Iunquera The Laetani Laeetani of Strabo and Laletani of Pliny whose towns were Barcinon Barcino colonia surnamed Faventia of Pliny Barchino of Mela Barcino of Antoninus in the way from Narbo in Gaule vnto Legio 7 Gemina now Barcilona Diluron Illuro of Pliny Mela now Badallona Blanda Blandae of Pliny and Blanda of Mela now Blanes and Rubricata The Cosetani Regio Cossetania of Pliny whose cities were Tarracon Tarracon the chiefe city
of Spaine within the Iberus of Strabo Tarraco colonia a towne of the Scipioes after Pliny Tarraco the richest of the maritine townes vpon that Sea after Mela Tarraco builded by the Scipioes of Solinus now Taragona and Subur Subur of Mela now Siges These 6 people are all now contained within the large country of Catalonia Pliny addeth the Vettoneâ— doubtlesse the Vettones of Ptolemy in Lusitania but misplaced Icositani Itani and Mentesani The countreyes Mavitania and Dietania and of townes amongst the Autrigones Lucentum and Baetulo Betullo of Mela and amongst the Arevacae Saguntia Strabo addeth the Lartolaeitani Lusones Sidetani inhabiting towards the mountaine Orospeda to the South of the Celtiberi Artabri at the Promontory Nerium and the Celtici neighbouring to the Artabri and descended from those other of that name inhabiting the shoare of the riuer Anas Of townes he addeth Aâ—ontia seated vpon the riuer Durius amongst the Vaccaei amongst the Oretani Cetulum Cherronesus and Cartalias amongst the Ilergetes Iliosca vpon the Ocean amongst the Vascones Idanusa and amongst the Verones Serguntia and Varia vpon the Iberus hitherto navigable Segida amongst the Arevaci and Noega amongst the Astures Pliny accompteth the whole number of townes in this division to haue beene 294 in his time amongst which 12 were Roman Colonies 13 Municipia 17 free of the right of the auncient Latines one confederate towne and 136 Stipendiaries divided amongst 7 iuridical resorts of Carthago nova Tarraco Caesaraugusta Clunia Asturica Lucus and Bracara The Emperour Constantine the Great afterwards subdividing the greater Province of Tarraconensis and adding the Ilands of the Baleares and the country of Tingitana in Africke vnto the accompt hereof distinguished the whole into 7 parts or Provinces remaining vntill the end and dissolution of the Westerne Roman Empire of Baetica Lusitania Gallaecia Carthaginensis Tarraconensis Tingitana and of the Ilands Of these Baetica and Lusitania were bounded as before The name of Gallaecia was enlarged Eastwards as farre as the Pelendones and Celtiberi besides the Callaici before-mentioned containing the Astures Murbogi and Vaccâ—i at this day Galitia Asturia Leon Portugal betwixt the riuers Minio and Duero with the greatest part of Castilia la Veia Carthaginensis so named from the city Carthago nova contained the Oretani Carpetani Pelendones Arevacae Celtiberi Bastitani Contestani and Edetani now Castillia la Nueva Murcia and Valentia with parts of Andaluzia Castillia la Veia and Aragonia The rest of the continent Tarraconensis comprehended The Province of the Ilands contained those of the Baleares and Ebusa now Mallorça Menorça Ivyca and Formentera Hispaniae Tingitania the Iland of Gades with the opposite shore of Africke lying on the farther side of the straights of Hercules named thus from the towne there of Tingis now Tangier Of these the three first Provinces were consulary or governed by Proconsuls the foure other were Presidiall coÌ„maunded by the Roman name of Praesides Sextus Rufus nameth only six Provinces Tarraconensis Carthaginensis Gallaecia Baetica Lusitania and Tingitania omitting that of the Ilands whereof differing from the Authour of the Notitia onely Baetica and Lusitania he maketh consulary the rest Presidiall This was the estate of Spaine during the government of the Romans confounded and quite altered by the comming of the barbarous people by the justice and decree of God who will haue nothing here eternall but himselfe and to checke the pride of that mighty Nation with vnresistible fury swarming in hither in the raignes of the Emperours Honorius and Valentinian the third The Inuasion and Dominion of the Barbarous nations THey were the Vandals Silingi Alans Suevians and Gothes whose originall first entrance raigne continuance and successions we are next to relate The Vandals THese are named by Pliny the Vindili being one of the fiue general nations whereinto he divideth the Germans and whereof he maketh the Burgundiones a part By Tacitus they are called the Vandalij by Cassiodorus the Vandali by Orosius Isidore and Paulus Diaconus the Wandali They were a noted German people inhabiting beyond the riuer Elb vpon the coast of the sea Baltique in the parts where now lye the great Dukedomes of Pomeren and Mecklenburg wherein the name in some Latine Authours is yet continued In the eleuenth yeare of the Emperour Honorius and Arcadius and yeare of Rome 1172 Arcadius and Probus then being Consuls with the Alans and Suevians they first entred Gaule drawne in by the traiterous practises of Stilico Guardian of the Westerne Empire in the minority of Honorius by the advantage of the troubles which might be hereby occasioned the feare and discontentednes of the people their dislike of the present government and desire of innovation which he thought might happen hoping to get the Empire for his son Eucherius borne of the sister of Honorius Some three yeares afterwards in the first yeare of Honorius and Theodosius accompanied with the same nations and quitting Gaule they first broke into this province of Spaine let in by the Honoriaci another sort of Barbarians named thus from the Emperour Honorius vnder whose pay they had served keeping then the straights and passages of the Pyrenaean Mountaines for the Tyrant Constantinus rebelling against Honorius The part wherein they first planted was Gallaecia which they inhabited together with the Suevians Afterwards they remoued into Baetica vnto the Silingi In the fourth yeare of the Emperours Theodosius Valentinian about 18 yeares after their first Spanish invasion abandoning Spaine they ferried ouer into Afrique invited thither by Bonifacius governour of that province rebelling against Valentinian which not long after Bonifacius repenting himselfe of his folly and in battell overthrowne by them old Carthage taken and the Romans quite expulsed they vtterly brought into subiection continuing their name there dominion for aboue the space of one hundred yeares vntill the raigne of the Emperour Iustinian the first Emperour of the Greekes In the raigne of this prince by his leiftenant the valiant Belisarius they were totally subdued and their kingdome and name in Gilimer their last king quite extinguished Their religion at their first comming into those Westerne parts was Gentilisme By their after acquaintance with the Gothes they turned Arrian Christians which heresie they kept vntill their extirpation Their kings whereof we reade were Gunderichus vnder whom they first invaded Gaule Spaine Gensericus brother to Gunderichus vnder whom with 80 thousand fighting men they first passed into conquered Afrique and afterwards tooke sacked Rome Honorichus son to Genserichus Gundabundus son to Genzo brother to Honorichus Trasamuadus brother to Gundabundus Hilderichus son to Honorichus He was deposed by Gilimer Gilimer son to Genzo descended of Genserichus He was overcome taken prisoner by Belisarius in whom ended the kingdome nation hereof in Afrique The whole time from their first invasion of Spaine vntill their overthrowe extirpation in Afrique Isidore reckoneth to haue beene 133 yeares 7 moneths
Autuma Alhuytanus Mahomad Abderrahmen Abdelmelic Aucupa It was the Abderrahmen here mentioned Lieftenant of the Province for the Miramamoline Iscamus whom we reade in the French histories ransacking spoiling France in the regency of Charles Martel with a numberles multitude of these Moores in the yeare 734 slain by Martell and the French in a great and memorable battaile fought neere vnto the city of Tours with no fewer then 375000 of the Army and crue attending him Hitherto likewise wee finde the Infidels to haue beene possessed of the part of Gaule Narbonensis now called Languedoc being a part of their Gothish conquests recouered for the most part from them with the cities of Avignon and Narbonne by the valiant Martell during the raigne of this Miramamoline Alulit son to Izit whose Lieftenants were Abulcatar and Toba Ibrahemus brother to Izit He was slaine by Maroanus Maroanus the last Miramamoline of the Saracens of the house of Humeia the murtherer of Ibrahemus whose quarrels gaue first encouragement and occasion to the vsurpation of the house of Alaveci He was slaine by Abdalla His Lieftenants here were Toba and Iuzephus Abdalla of the house of Alaveci descended from Fatima the eldest daughter of their Prophet Mahomet and sister of Zeineb before-mentioned Miramamoline of the Saracens hauing slaine Maroanus and the house of Humeia put downe and deposed His Spanish Governour was Iuzephus slaine by Abderahmen In the raigne of this Prince Abderahmen descended from the deposed and slaughtered house of Humeia shunning the cruelty hereof and flying into Spaine for succour in the yeare 759 vsurped the dominion of the Spanish Moores well affected to the house of Humeia free for a long time after from the subjection of the great Miramamolines After Abderrahmen the Miramamolines excluded succeeded in the kingdome of the Spanish Moores Hissemus the first son to Abderrahmen Alhaca the first son to Hissemus the first Abderrahmen the second son to Hissemus the first ouerthrowne in a memorable battaile fought at Clavigio in the yeare 846 by Ramir the first king of Leon. Mahomad son to Abderrhamen the second Almundâ—r son to Mahomad Abdalla brother to Almundar and son to Mahomad Abderrahmen the third son to Mahomad son to Abdalla Alhaca the second son to Abderrahmen the third Hissemus the second son to Alhaca the second about the yeare 1006 deposed by Mahomad Almohadius encouraged through his slouth neglecting the affaires of the kingdome and gouerning altogether by deputies after sundry successions of tyrants restored and by the like inconstancy in the yeare 1010 againe thrust out and forced to a private fortune by his factious subiects Occasioned thorough these disorders the Spanish Moores hitherto in a manner still entire and vnder one became divided into sundry petty kingdomes of Cordova Sivilla and Toledo with others ouerthrowne not long after by Iuzephus Telephinus Miramamoline of Morocco and vnited with the Moores of Afrique The dominion of the Moores at this time extended Northwards vnto the riuer of Duero the bounds thereof and of the Christians inhabiting Castille Iuzephus Telephinus the second Miramamoline of Morocco in Afrique of the house of the Almoravides succeeding there vnto the family of Alaveci supplanted and destroyed by them drawn in by the ambition of the king of Cordova and about the yeare 1091 ouer-throwing those petty kingdomes and ioyning them to his dominions of Africa the kingdome of Toledo excepted taken in before this time by Alfonsus the sixt king of Castile and Leon. Hali Miramamoline of Morocco son to Iuzephus Telephinus Albo-halis Miramamoline of Morocco son to Hali thought by some to haue beene the learned Avicenna whose workes are now extant compiled at his commaundement by certaine of the best Arabian Doctours of those times and thus named from him In the raigne hereof Almohadi a religious Moore Doctour of the Mahumetane Law to gaine a faction for Abdelmon whom although descended of base parentage Aben-Thumert an Astrologian had by his art foretold should bee Miramamoline or king began to broach certaine new and vnheard of doctrines about their Religion and the interpretation of their Alcoran amongst the African Moores superstitiously still addicted to novelties and easily chaunging the effect whereof was the siding of the greatest part of this inconstant Nation vnto his opinions named from hence the Almohades and by the advantage hereof the setting vp of Abdelmon and the disthroning of Albo-halis and the house of the Almoravides ouercome in battaile and slaine by Abdelmon Abdelmon Miramamoline of Morocco of the new sect of the Almohades succeeding in the yeare 1150. Aben-Iacob Miramamoline of Morocco son to Abdelmon Aben-Iuzeph Miramamoline of Morocco brother to Aben-Iacob Mahomad surnamed the Greene Miramamoline of Morocco brother to Aben-Iacob and Aben-Iuzeph In the raigne hereof thorough his great ouer-throw at the battaile of Sierra Morena dishartned for attempting any more vpon this Province departing into Afrique the nation as hath beene related broke againe into many petty kingdomes of small strength and of lesse continuance Zeit Aben-Zeit brother to this Mahomad in the yeare 1214 vsurping in Valentia and the neighbouring countrey Mahomad nephew herevnto at the same time in Cordova and Abullalis in Siuillia and afterwards in the yeare 1228 Aben-hutus in Murcia The kingdome of Valentia not long after being subdued by Iames the first king of Aragon as were about the same time those of Sivillia and Murcia with the city of Cordoua by Ferdinand the third king of Castille in the yeare 1239 Mahomet Aben-Alhamar king of Cordoua remouing his royall seate to the city of Granado began the kingdome thus named being formerly part of the kingdome of Cordoua the onely countrie now held by the Infidells the rest being conquered whose princes followe Mahomet Aben-Alhamar before mentioned the founder of the kingdome of Granado in the yeare 1239. Mahomet Myr Almus king of Granado son to Mahomet Aben-Alhamar Mahomet Aben-Alhamar Aben-Azar son to Mahomet Myr Almus He was deposed by Mahomet Azar Aben Levin Mahomet Azar Aben-Levin brother to Mahomet Aben-Alhamar Aben-Azar son to Mahomet Myr Almus deposed by Ismael son to Farrachen gouernonr of Malaga Ismael son to Farrachen aforesaid Mahomet son to Ismael He was murthered by his subjects Ioseph Aben Amet brother to Mahomet and son to Ismael slaine by Mahomet Lagus Mahomet Lagus vncle to Ioseph Aben-Amet and brother to king Ismael deposed by Mahomet Aben-Alhamar Mahomet Aben-Alhamar king of Granado He was againe thrust out by Mahomet Lagus and afterwards inhumanely put to death by Peter king of Castille vnto whom he had fled for succour Mahomet Lagus king of Granado restored Mahomet surnamed Guadix son to Mahomet Lagus Ioseph son to Mahomet Guadix Mahomet Aben-Balva yonger son to Ioseph Ioseph elder brother to Mahomet Aben-Balva and son to Ioseph Mahomet Aben-Azar son to Ioseph driven out by Mahomet surnamed the Litle Mahomet surnamed the Litle overthrowne and taken prisoner by Mahomet Aben-Azar Mahomet Aben-Azar restored the
name and accompt they at this day continue Henry the first king of Castile son to Alfonsus the eight He dyed without issue Ferdinand the third son to Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon and of Berengaria yonger sister to Henry the first deceased in right from his mother king of Castile Blanche elder sister to Berengaria then wife to Lewes son to Philip the French King refused His father deceasing hee succeeded likewise in the Kingdome of Leon. After this last vnion the two Kingdomes were neuer againe seuered incorporated into one entire state knowne now by the name of Castille Leon. He recouered from the Moores the countries of Andaluzia and Murcia contayning then the petty Kingdomes of Murcia and Sivillia with part of the Kingdome of Cordova In the raigne hereof and yeare 1239 began the famous kingdome of Granado by Mahomet Aben-Alhamar King of Cordova vpon the surprisall of that city by Ferdinand remouing hither his royall seate Alfonsus the tenth King of Castile and Leon son to Ferdinand the third He was that famous Astronomer whose workes are now extant with vs the framer of the Tables of Alfonsus named from him The German Electours diuided he was chosen by his factiō Emperour of the Romans against Richard Earle of Cornwall brother to Henry the third King of England detained notwithstanding at home during his whole raigne with civill warres against his vnnaturall son Sanctius much more happy in the loue of the Muses then of his subiects Sanctius the third king of Castile and Leon the rebellious son of Alfonsus the tenth Ferdinand the fourth son to Sanctius the third Alfonsus the eleauenth son to Ferdinand the fourth Peter the first son to Alfonsus the eleauenth He was driuen out for his cruelty and was restored againe by Edward named the Blacke Prince son to Edward the third king of England Destitute of the English succours not long after he lost both his kingdome life overcome and slaine by his brother Henry Henry the second brother to Peter the first and naturall son to Alfonsus the eleaventh Iohn the first king of Castille Leon son to Henry the second opposed by Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster pretending the right of Constance his wife daughter to Peter the first In this prince by his marriage of D. Maria Diaz de Haro daughter and inheretresse to Don Lopez Diaz de Haro last prince of Biscaia and Guipuscoa these seigneuries were annexed to the crowne of Castille Comming to composition with Iohn duke of Lancaster hee marryed his sonne Henry vnto Catherine daughter to the other by agreement created vpon the marriage prince of Asturia which title occasioned from the English whose eldest sons are named princes of Wales hath ever since bin continued in the heires of Castille or Spaine Henry the third son to Iohn the first He married vnto Catherine daughter to Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster Iohn the second son to Henry the third Henry the fourth son to Iohn the second He deceased without heires of his body Elizabeth queene of Castille Leon sister to Henry the fourth She married vnto Ferdinand the fift king of Aragon Sicily In the raigne hereof the countreyes of Granado Navarra the French Moores being expulsed became annexed to the house hereof and incorporated with Castille and the whole Spaine the kingdome of Portugall excepted vnited vnder one Monarch Naples likewise was then conquered from the French and the house of Ferdinand the bastard and the rich new-found world first discovered added to the dominion hereof Philip the first Arch-duke of Austria and Duke of Bungundie son to the Emperour Maximilian the first Mary Dutchesse of Burgundie king of Castille Leon in right of his wife Ioane eldest daughter to Ferdinand the fift and Elizabeth kings of Castille Aragon Philip deceasing and Ioane of Aragon his Queene in regard of her frenzy and indisposition being vnfit to governe Ferdinand the fift in the minority of Charles the fift reassumed againe the kingdome of Castille Charles the fift son to Philip the first and Ioane of Aragon after the decease of his grandfathers Maximilian the first Emperour and king Ferdinand the fift elected Emperour of the Romans and succeeding in the kingdomes of Castille Leon Aragon Naples Sicily Hierusalem and of the Indyes the Dukedomes of Austria Burgundy and the dominions of the low-countries He added vnto these in Italy the great Dukedome of Milan after the decease of Francis Sforcia without heires according to the composition made betwixt them and in the Netherlands the Provinces of Vtreicht Over-Ysel Zutphen Gelderland Wearyed with long sicknes and the burthen of so great an Empire he voluntarily surrendred all his estates vnto his younger brother Ferdinand and his son Philip the second cloistering himselfe vp in the monastery of S t Iustus in Estremadura where in a private fortune he dyed Philip the second son vnto the Emperour Charles the fift lord of all the kingdomes and possessions belonging to the house of Burgundy Spaine The German Empire and the dominions of Austria were left vnto his vncle Ferdinand Sebastian king of Portugal being slaine in Afrique by the Moores at the battaile of Alcacar and his vncle Cardinall Henry not long after surviuing by the great captain Don Ferdin̄d Alvares de Toledo in the yeare 1580 he cōquered that kingdome the first Monarch of Spaine since king Rodericus and the Gothes To giue a checke vnto this sudden and over-great prosperity the Low-countries in his time revolted eight of whose richest provinces Holland Zealand Vtreicht Over-Ysel Gelderland Zutphen West-Freisland Groninghen haue now by armes freed themselues from the Spanish yoake and subjection Philip the Third son to Philip the second succeeding in the dominions conquests of Spaine The Netherlands were assigned by his father vnto his sister Isabella marryed vnto Albert Arch-duke of Austria Philip the fourth son to Philip the third now king of Castille Spaine and of the many provinces subject to the great Empire hereof THE KINGDOME OF NAVARRA THe Kingdome hereof was first begun amongst the Pyrenean Mountaines in the parts whereabout now standeth the towne of Suprarbe by the Vascones the naturall inhabitants or rather by certaine remnants of the shipwrack'd and flying Christians in that great invndation of the Moores retreating amongst the safer rocks and shelters hereof The exact time when it begun is not set downe Onely thus much is agreed vpon that Garcias Ximinius the first king dyed in the yeare 758 some 42 yeares after the first erection of the kingdome of the Asturians or Leon. It was first entituled the kingdome of Suprarbe then the chiefe towne of those mountainous parts Afterwards it tooke the name of Navarra most probably vnder Innicus Garcias at what time first descending from the mountaines where the former kings had kept themselues immur'd they tooke in Pampelona and the plaine countrey from the Moores By the raigne of Sanctius the Great
Ocean The towne is rather to be accompted rich then beautifull the streetes houses for the most part standing disorderly by meanes of the hilly and vneven site thereof and the carelesnesse of the Moores never curious in private buildings It contayneth some 32 Parish churches 350 streetes 11000 dwelling houses 20000 households 160000 inhabitants besides Churchmen strangers and them that follow the Court with the subvrbs about 7 miles in compasse extended along the riuer rather in length then widenes and within the ancient walls not being very spacious being much enlarged since the discovery trade of the Indies Botero I know not how rightly giveth herevnto a fourth place amongst the more great and renowned cities of Europe Santaren Scabaliscus of Ptolemy and Scalabis of Antoninus Pliny surnamed Praesidium Iulium then a Roman colony and a juridicall resort for a third part of Lusitania seated in a fruitfull soile vpon the Taio named thus from S t Irene a Num of Tomar there supposed to haue beene martyred and here enshrined Cascais at the mouth of the Taio vpon a Promontory or wedge of land named from hence Cabo de Cascais by Solinus Promontorium Vlyssipponense On the further shore of the riuer lyeth the Promontory Barbarium of Ptolemy Strabo now Cabo de Spichel Sintra vpon the maine Atlantique at the end of the long mountainous ridge called Mons Lunae by Ptolemy Hither for the pleasure of the adjoyning shady woods and coole breathing Ocean the kings of Portugal vsed to retire in Summer and recreate themselues with hunting and other exercise Coimbre pleasantly seated amongst vineyards and woods of oliues vpon a scalpe or rocke on both sides of the river Mondego a Bishops See and a noted Vniversity The students hereof enjoy their distinct priviledges from the towne and were esteemed betwixt three or foure thousand at what time that Philip the second by Ferdinand Duke of Alva subdued the Portugals Neere here vnto at Condexa la Veia stood sometimes the towne Conimbrica of Pliny Lamego Viseo Guarda Bishops Sees Tomar Here the Kings of Portugal were accustomed to bee crowned The auncient inhabitants hereof were the Lusitani contayned first onely betwixt the Duero Taio afterwards vpon the division of Spaine by the Romans into the three Provinces before mentioned extended beyong the Taio over part of the Turditani Celtici vnto the river Anas Promontory Sacrum PORTVGAL BETVVIXT THE DVERO AND MINIO COntayned within those two rivers the most fruitfull and best inhabited part of Portugal but the poorest in regard of the great distance thereof from Lisbona and its more Northerly situation lying out of the way betwixt that city and the rich conquest of the Portugals Chiefer townes are Braga Breacaria Augusta of Ptolemy Bracara of Antoninus Bracae of Pliny then a juridicall resort suited by 24 towneships and giuing the surname to the Callaici Braecarij By Antoninus in his Catalogue of famous cities it is reckoned amōgst the foure chiefest in Spaine By the Suevians afterwards it was made the royall seate of their Kings It is now an Archbishops See and the best towne of the division contayning about two thousand inhabitants subject to the Bishop in both jurisdictions civil ecclesiasticall Porto Miranda Bishops Sees vpon the Duero Braganca from whence the Dukes of Bragança are entitled The auncient inhabitants hereof were the Callaici Braecarij of Ptolemy In forreine parts the Kings of Spaine now hold in right of the crowne hereof vpon the coast of Barbary the townes of Seuta Tangier and Mazagone in the Ocean on the hither side of the Cape of Good hope the Ilands of the Açores Madera Cape Verde Saint Thomas del Principe the fortresses of Arguin S. George de la Mina in the land of Guinea in America Brasil extended for 1500 miles along the Sea-coasts towards the Straights of Magellan devided into 18 governments or praefectureships beyond the cape of Buona Esperanza the Iland Mozambique and forts of Sena Sofala and in Asia Diu Chaul Goa Cochin Damain Bazain Malaca CASTILLE AND LEON BOunded vpon the West with the riuer Guadiana and the line before described drawne betwixt that river the Avia dividing it from Portugal with part of the Atlantique Ocean extended betwixt the mouth of the riuer Minio Cabo Finisterre vpon the North with the Cantabrique Sea vnto Fuentarabia and the Pyrenaean Mountaines vpon the South with the Sraights of Gibraltar Sea Mediterranean and vpon the East first with the Pyrenaean Mountaines frō Fuentarabia vntill towards the head of the riuer Arga or Aragon parting it from France then with a winding line drawne from the Ebro and by the townes of Taradona Hariza Daroca Xativa Orihuela continued vnto the mouth of the riuer Segura dividing it from the kingdome of Aragon It contayneth the countries of Galitia Asturia Biscaia Olava Guipuscoa Navarra Castillia la Nueva Castillia la Veia Estremadura Andaluzia Granado Murcia or some two third parts of the whole Spaine GALITIA HAving vpon the South the rivers Minio and Avia the bounds thereof Portugal vpon the North West the Seas Cantabrian Atlantique and vpon the East the riuer Mearo deviding it from Asturia The country is very mountainous overspread with the branches of the Cantabrian Alpes drie barren and ill inhabited Chiefer townes are S. Iago an Arch-bishops See named thus from the supposed reliques of S. Iames the Apostle the son of Zebedee the Patron of the Castillians visited here by continuall pilgrimages from all the parts of Christendome subject to the Papacy Lugo Lucus Augusti of Ptolemy Antoninus and Lucus of Pliny then a juridicall resort suited by 16 people or townships and surnaming the Callaici Lucenses It is now a Bishops See The ancient inhabitants of the countrey hereabouts were the Capori of Ptolemy part of the general name of the Callaici Lucenses Orense Aquae Calidae of Ptolemy Aquae Celeniae of Antoninus named thus from the hot medicinable bathes thereof now a Bishops See seated vpon the Minio The particular inhabitants hereof were the Cilini of Ptolemy part of the Callaici Lucenses Tui Tude of Ptolemy and Castellum Tyde of Pliny now a Bishops See vpon the same riuer of Minio frontiring vpon Portugal The particular inhabitants were the Gruij of Ptolemy the Gravij of Pliny part of the Callaici Braecarij Corunna Flavium Brigantium of Ptolemy and Brigantium of Antoninus now a noted port vpon the Sea Cantabrian The towne is exceeding strong the chiefe Bulwarke and defence of Galitia and these Northerne parts divided into the High and the Base townes severally fortified The Hauen is very spacious able to containe the greatest navy of ships Nearer to Asturia vpon the same Sea-coast lyeth the great promontory named by Ptolemy Lupatia Cory and Trileucum now Cabo Ortegal Ponte-vedre Baiona sea-coast townes vpon the Westerne Ocean betwixt
Cabo Finisterre and the riuer Minio The auncient inhabitants hereof Tui excepted were the Callaici Lucenses of Ptolemy parts whereof were the Capori Cilini Lemavi Bedyi and Seuri mentioned in the same Authour ASTVRIA BOunded vpon the North with the Sea Cantabrian extended betwixt the river Mearo and Castro de Ordiales vpon the West with Galitia vpon the South with the country of Leon and vpon the East with Biscaia It is wholy possessed with wilde and desert mountaines the shelter of the distressed Christians after their disaster ouerthrow giuen by the Moores at the battaile of Xeres vnder Roderigo the last king of the Gothes It is divided into Asturia de Oviedo and Asturia Santillana ASTVRIA de OVIEDO IT is the more Westerne moity extended along the Ocean from the riuer Mearo and confines of Galitia vnto the towne of Llanes Chiefer townes are Oviedo after Birtius Lucus Asturum of Ptolemy a Bishops Sea founded or rather reaedified by King Froila the first in the yeare 757 remaining afterwards for certaine descents the chiefe residence of the Kings of Leon. Villa-viciosa the only port of note in these parts ASTVRIA SANTILLANA COntinued Eastward along the Sea Cantabrian from LLanes and Asturia d' Oviedo vnto Castro d' Ordiales and the country of Biscaia Chiefer townes are Santillana from whence it hath beene thus surnamed S t Anderos after Birtius Flavionavia of Ptolemy the city of the Paesici now a rich and noted port seated vpon the maine Ocean The particular inhabitants of Asturia Santillana were the Paesici of Ptolemy and Pliny part of the Astures The generall inhabitants of both the Asturiaes were the Astures Transmontani of Pliny renowned with the first birth of the kingdome of Castille and Leon the rest of Spaine then in a manner being subdued by the Moores begun by Pelagius some remainders of the vanquished Gothes in the yeare 716. The heires of Castille amongst other titles are called Princes of Asturia a custome borrowed from the Kings of England whose eldest sonnes are borne Princes of Wales brought hither by meanes of the marriage of Catharine daughter of Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster vnto Henry son to Iohn the first vpon this occasion entitled thus by his father continued since in his successours BISCAIA BOunded vpon the North with the Sea Cantabrian extended betwixt Castro d' Ordiales and the towne of Montrico vpon the West with Asturia vpon the South with Castillia la Veia and vpon the East with Guipuscoa The country is like vnto Asturia wholy ouer-spread with the rough and craggy Cantabrian Alpes yet better peopled and something more fruitfull yeelding plenty of Oranges Chesnuts and the like fruits but litle store of corne as neither by reason of the coldnes thereof any wines at all in regard whereof the inhabitants drinke sider enriched chiefly with minerals especially of yron Chiefe townes are Bilbao a wealthy and populous Empory well knowne vnto the English Dutch and French merchants seated in a plaine towards the Land surrounded with mountaines some two Spanish miles from the maine Ocean vpon a riuer or creeke of the Sea frō the great depth thereof called by the Inhabitants in their barbarous language Ibaisabellum founded or rather reedified out of the ruines of the auncient Flaviobriga of Ptolemy by Diego de Haro prince of Biscaia in the yeere 1300. Laredo a Sea-coast towne vpon a spacious bay West of Bilbao Here and at Bilbao great numbers of ships are made both for warre and burthen the neighbouring woody mountaines affording plenty of materialls for this vse The common inhabitants hereof are more simple and rude then the rest of the Spanish nation acknowledging Christ and a God but not being able to giue an account of their faith They thinke their country much prophaned if any Bishop doe but set footing in it as hapned to the Bishop of Pampelona in the raign of King Ferdinand the fift when vnawares following the Court towards Bilbao much superstition was vsed by them to hallow the steps wherein his horse had trod Vnmarryed Priests they allow not without their concubines thinking it otherwise impossible for these to abstaine from their wiues They vse a barbarous language proper vnto them and the Guipuscoans thought to be the auncient Spanish spoken by the nation before the conquest of the Romans They were a part of the stout valiant Cantabri renowned in auncient authours whose stubborne vndanted resolution they still retaine couragious fierce impatient of servitude and not easily to be constrayned Since the expiration of the Westerne Roman Empire by the intrusion amongst them of the neighbouring Vascones most probably they haue tooke the name of Biscains GVIPVSCOA COntayning the rest of these Northern Sea-coasts continued from the towne of Montrico vnto the mouth of the riuer Vidosa and beginning of France It hath vpon the West Biscaia vpon the East the Pyrenaean Mountaines Guienne in France and vpon the South Navarra It differeth litle in quality from Biscaia alike mountainous rocky barren rich onely in the neuer decaying mines of iron and steele then which no country yeeldeth either better or more plenty From hence as out of Vulcans shop forged out of these materials great store of all sorts of instruments both for warre and common vse are carryed into the countries adjoyning the publique armory of Spaine Chiefer townes here are Tolosa at the confluence of the rivers Oria Duarzo Placenza vpon the river Denia inhabited almost altogether by blacke-smiths S. Sebastian a much frequented and noted port at the mouth of the river Gurvinea Fuentarabia at the foote of the Pyrenaean mountaines and mouth of the river Vidosa the furthest towne in Spaine On the other side of the river beginneth the province of Guienne in France The auncient inhabitants hereof were part of the generall name of the Cantabri with part of the Vascones Their Language is the Basquish OLAVA THe country is litle situated vpon the top of the Cantabrian Alpes betwixt Guipuscoa Biscaia Castillia la Veia and Navarra The chiefe towne is Victoria first built or rather reedified out of the ruines of the auncient Vellica of Ptolemy in the yeare 1180 by Sanctius king of Navarra The auncient inhabitants were part of the Cantabri NAVARRA BOunded vpon the North with the Cantabrian Mountaines countries of Olava Guipuscoa vpon the East with France and the Mountaines Pyrenaean vpon the South with the river Aragon or Arga parting it from Aragonia and vpon the West first with the Ebro then an obscure river falling thereinto a litle below Calahora dividing it from Castillia la Veia The country is plaine for the greatest part yet on all sides environed with mighty mountaines well watered with riuers and fruitfull but not very populous contayning after the accompt of Mariana some 40000 housholds or families Chiefer townes are Tudela vpon the Ebro a litle Vniversity instituted by
king Ferdinand the fift Estella Pampelona Pompelon of Ptolemy Strabo Antoninus named thus and first founded by Pompey the great immediately after the warres ended with Sertorius a Bishops See and the residence of the Vice-royes situated in a plaine vpon the river Arga. Suprarbe amongst the Pyrenaean mountaines Here begun first the kingdome of Navarra before the plaine countrey subdued named hereof The auncient inhabitants of Navarra were part of the Vascones of Ptolemy Strabo and Pliny after the Westerne Roman Empire subdued in the raigne of Dagobert King of the French desbourding beyond the Pyrenaean Mountaines into the province of Aquitania in Gaule as probably about the same time here amongst the Cantabri occasioning the names of Biscaia and Guipuscoa in Spaine and of Gascoigne in France CASTILLIA LA VEIA THis country including Leon whose distinct limits we find not comprehendeth all that large tract of land extending from Biscaia and Asturia lying vpon the North thereof vnto the mountaines of Segovia Avila vpon the South dividing it from Castillia la Nueva having otherwise vpon the East Navarra with the kingdome of Aragon and vpon the West the kingdome of Portugal according to the lines and bounds before set downe It is more plaine fruitfull and better inhabited then are the neighbouring countries bordering vpon the Cantabrian Sea serving notwithstanding better for pasturage then for corne wine oyle fruites It is refreshed with many faire rivers amongst the which is the Duero the receptacle of the rest Townes of better note are Astorga Asturica Augusta of Ptolemy Asturica of Antoninus and Pliny surnaming the Astures Augustani then the chiefe of that division now a Bishops See frontiring vpon Galitia Leon at the foote of the Asturian mountaines built out of the ruines of Sublancia lying sometimes amongst the neighbouring hils where now is Sublanco in regard of the strong situation thereof destroyed by the commaund of the Emperour Nerva fearing a commotion of those mountainers Ptolemy who liued about that time named it Legio Germanica Septima Antoninus with some difference Legio Septima Gemina either because that it was first founded by that Legion or because that it was their fix'd residence and station Won from the Moores by Pelagius the first King of the Asturians it became afterwards the royall seate of those princes entitl'd from hence Kings of Leon vntill the vnion hereof with Castille It is now a Bishops See exempt from all superiour jurisdiction in matters Ecclesiasticall saving of the Popes The towne otherwise is meane and ill inhabited beautified chiefely with a faire Cathedrall Church where the auncient Kings of Leon lie enterred The auncient inhabitants of this part were the Astures Augustani of Pliny Salamança Salmantica of Ptolemy Antoninus a Bishops See and a flourishing Vniversity chiefely for the civill lawes seated vpon the river Tormes The auncient inhabitants of the country hereabouts were the Vettones of Strabo Ptolemy Coria Carium of Ptolemy a Bishops See Cuidad Rodrigo Rusticana of Ptolemy a Bishops See vpoÌ„ the riuer Gada The auncient inhabitants were part of the Lusitani of Ptolemy Zamora Sentica of Ptolemy Sentice of Antoninus a Bishops See seated vpon the right shore of the Duero The towne is strong and fairely built Tordesillas Segisama of Polybius in Strabo Segisama Iulia of Ptolemy Segisamon of Antoninus Palentia Palantia of Ptolemy and Antoninus Pallantia of Strabo Mela the name not much changed seated vpon the riuer Carrion aunciently an Vniversity removed thence to Salamança by king Ferdinand the third Vallidolid Pintia of Ptolemy situated vpon the riuer Pisuerga a late Vniversity founded by Philip the second and the chiefe of the three Cancellariaes of Castille Leon whither the greatest part of that kingdome resort for matters of justice By meanes hereof and of the Kings Court residing for the most here and at Madrid the towne is become very populous faire large and of great state nothing yeelding to the best cities in Spaine Lisbona and Sevilla excepted The auncient inhabitants of this part of Castille were the Vaccaei of Ptolemy but extended much further Strabo reckoneth Pallantia amongst the Arevacae but erroneously Burgos amongst shady mountaines neere to Monte D'oca and the head of the riuer Relanzon founded by Nunnius Belchis a Dutchman sonne in law to Iames Porcellus one of the first Earles of Castille out of certaine lesser townes and villages lying hereabouts amongst the which as is supposed was Braum of Ptolemy It continued after this for a long time the royall seate of the kings of Castille It is now an Archbishops See retayning the chiefe place amongst the cityes of the kingdome of Castille and Leon in the Parliaments or generall assemblies of the states The rest which haue voyces in the diets hereof are Toledo Leon Granado Sivilla Cordova Murcia Soria Avila Segovia Vallidolid Salamança Zamora Taurus Cuença Guadalaiara Madrid and Iaen all the other townes excluded Without Burgos flourisheth the rich Nunnery de las Huelgas a monasterie of especiall revenue whereinto none can be admitted but such as are noblely descended In the mountaines some 20 miles herefrom where is the Chappell called Nuestra Senora d'oca sometimes stood the town Auca giuing the name of Saltus Aucensis to the part of Idubeda now called Monte D'oca Avila a Bishops See vnder the hils named from hence the Mountaines of Avila Segovia Segovia of Pliny Antoninus Segubia of Ptolemy a Bishops See and a rich towne of cloathing lying vnder the same mountainous ridge Here yet standeth almost whole an ancient Aquaeduct of the Romans the most entire and fairest monument in Spaine Cronna del Conde Clunia of Ptolemy Pliny Antoninus one of the 7 resorts of the province Tarraconensis Vxama Vxama of Pliny Antoninus a Bishops See Soria neere vnto the head of the Duero At Garay a village towne neere herevnto stood sometimes that famous Numantia renowned for a 14 yeares warres against the Romans subdued by Scipio African the younger The auncient inhabitants of the countrey from Segovia were the Arevacae of Ptolemy the Arrebaci of Pliny the Arevaci of Strabo part of the Celtiberi Beyond Monte D'oca Naiara Logronnio vpon the Ebro Iuliobriga of Ptolemy and Iuliobrica of Pliny a city of the Cantabri Calaâ—ora vpon the same river a Bishops See Calagorina of Ptok my Calaguris of Strabo Calagurris of Antoninus a town of the Vascones and the countrey of the Oratour-Quintilian CASTILLIA LA NVEVA BOunded vpon the North with the Mountaines of Segovia Avila dividing it from Castillia la Veia environed on the other sides with Extremadura Andaluzia Granado part of the kingdome of Aragon The countrey is Champian plaine for the most part yeelding sufficient plenty of corne fruites and other necessary provision Chiefer townes are Talavera seated vpon the Taio and belonging to the Arch-bishop of Toledo
Libora of Ptolemy Toledo Toletum of Pliny Antoninus then the chiefe city of the Carpetani mounted vpon a steepe and vneven rocke vpon the right shore of the river Taio with whose circling streames it is almost round encompassed By the Gothes it was made the chamber and royall seate of their Kings Vnder the Moores it became a petty kingdome the strongest hold the Infidels had in those parts after 5 yeares siege in the yeare 1085 recovered from them by Alfonsus the sixt King of Castille Leon. It is now the chiefe city of the country an Vniversity and an Arch-bishops Sâ—e of especiall revenue the Bishop whereof is the Primate of Spaine and the Chancelour of the kingdome The towne by meanes of its situation is very strong rather great then faire the private buildings being meane the streets narrow close hilly and vneven very troublesome to walke goe vpon Madrid Mantua of Ptolemy vpon the river Guadarrama in the heart and center of Spaine The towne by meanes of the Court is become of late yeares one of the most faire and populous places of the kingdome Some 8 miles from hence standeth the magnificent stately monastery of S. Laurence founded by King Philip the second Alcala de Henares Complutum of Ptolemy and Antoninus vpon the riuer Henares Here now flourisheth a famous Vniversity especially for the study of Divinity founded in the raigne of King Ferdinand the fift by Francisco Ximenes Cardinal and Archbishop of Toledo Guadalaiara vpon the same riuer Caracca of Ptolemy naming the Charracitani a people mentioned by Plutarch in the life of Sertorius The country hitherto were the Carpetani of Strabo and Ptolemy Calatrava vpon the riuer Guadiana Here begun and was first named the famous military order of Calatrava Nere hereunto where is the Chappell of Nuestra Senora d'Oreto stood sometimes Oretum Germanorum of Ptolemy occasioning the name of the Oretani of the same author Segura Alcaraz giuing the names to the mouÌ„tainous tracts of Sierra de Alcaraz Monte de Segura parts of the Orospeda of Strabo Not far from Alcaraz vpon an inaccessible mountaine surrounded with deepe vallyes standeth Castona la Veia Castulon of Ptolemy Castulo of Antoninus and Castaon of Strabo then a chiefe City of the Oretani and the country sometimes of Himilce the wife of the great Hannibal at this day a poore and ignoble village The part of Sierra Morena from hence or Alcaraz extending towards Cordova was named hereof by Caesar Saltus Castulonensis Cuença a Bishops See and seate of the Inquisition situated vpon the top of a steepe and abrupt hill amongst the mountaines of Orospeda neere to the heads of the riuer Xucar and Huecar and not far from that of the Taio first built by the Moores whom it a long time served as an invincible fortresse against the neighbouring Christians secured by the asperous site thereof and the straite craggy and vneasie wayes vnto it wanting onely water which is altogether conveyed hither by conduit pipes from the neighbouring mountaines won from them in the yeare 1177 by Sanctius the second king of Castille The part here of the Orospeda is named from hence Monte de Cuença Melina From hence the adjoyning mountainous tract of the Orospeda is now called Monte de Molina Siguença a Bishops See beautified with a faire Cathedrall Church Condabora of Ptolemy a city of the Celtiberi ESTREMADVRA HAuing the mountaines of Castille vpon the North vpon the South Sierra Morena and Andaluzia vpon the East Castillia la Nueva vpon the West the kingdome of Portugal The aire here is extraordinarily cleare and for that cause in Summer very hot and scorching The country is plaine and good pasture ground especially that grassie bridge vnder the which the riuer Guadiana is hidden yet in regard of the heate very dry and scarse of waters as of inhabitants hauing few cities and townes for so large an extent and those little and ill inhabited Chiefer here amongst are Placenza a Bishops See enioying a sweet and pleasant situation neere vnto the mountaines of Castille In a solitary place not farre from this city standeth the Monasterie of S. Iustus whither the mighty Prince Charles the fift tyred with sicknes and the burden of a troublesome Empire some few yeares before his death quitting the world voluntarily retired spending there the rest of his dayes in prayers and divine meditation Alcantara vpon the right shore of the Taio Norba Caesarea of Ptolemy and Norba Caesariana of Pliny then a colony of the Romans It was afterwards the seate of the Knights of the order of Alcantara from thence thus named Merida Emerita of Mela and Antoninus and Augusta Emerita of Ptolemy and Pliny a Roman colony and iuridicall resort and the chiefe city of Lusitania seated vpon the riuer Guadiana and named thus from the Emeriti milites or Legionary Souldiers of the Romans who had serued out their time in the warres whereof it was a Colony Ausonius preferreth it in his time before the rest of the cities of Spaine The towne now is very ruinous meane and empty of people shewing nothing worthy of its auncient greatnesse sauing onely a goodly bridge ouer the Taio built as appeareth by the inscription by the Romans Badaios a Bishops See frontiring vpon Portugal Medelino Neete hereunto the riuer of Guadiana hideth it selfe vnder ground for the space often miles breaking out againe neere vnto the towne of Villaria Guadalupe vpon the pleasant bankes of the riuer thus called shaded here on both sides with thicke and tall groues of poplar trees Heere is visited with great and thronging devotion the much honoured Image of our Lady of Guadalupe of the like grand esteeme with this Nation as is that of Madona de Loretto with the Italians affirmed to be the same which Gregory the great carried about with him in a solemne procession he made in Rome in the time of a fierce and generall pestilence then raging in Christendome ceasing hereupon giuen afterwards by him to S. Leander Bishop of Sivilla religiously there kept vntill the Moorish invasion then carryed from thence secretly hidden and about the yeare 1336 miraculously discovered by a neate-heard and a Chappell erected thereunto the occasion of the Towne Birtius notwithstanding and Montanus place here the towne named Caecilia Gemelliana by Ptolemy and Castra Caecilia by Antoninus The auncient inhabitants of Estremadura were the Celtici and part of the Turditani and Lusitani lying in both provinces of Baetica and Lusitania ANDALVZIA BOunded vpon the North with the mountaines of Sierra Morena and with Estremadura Castillia la Nueva vpon the West with Algarve in Portugal vpon the East with Granado and vpon the South with the Straights of Gibraltar and seas Mediterranean Atlantique extended betwixt the mouth of the rivers Guadiana and Guadalantin The country is most fruitfull pleasant flourishing aswell the mountaines as plaines with a continuate greenes of vines oliues and
Switzers parts of the auncient French kingdome of Burgundy The vniting of the Dukedome of Burgundy on this side of the Soasne and of Daulphiny Lionois and Provençe to the kingdome of West-France and of the rest to the German Empire The Earledomes of Flanders and Artois parts sometimes of the kingdome of VVest-France Their division herefrom and vnion with the Netherlands and house of Burgundy The kingdome of France The present limits and extent of France occasioned thorough so many rents and divisions The Etymology or reason of the present names of the countries of France THE MOVNTAINES OF GAVLE OR FRANCE THe Land-markes whereof we will make vse in the discourse following are the Mountaines and Rivers hereof The Mountaines whereof there is made any mention by auncient authours were the Gebenna Iura and Vogesus The Gebenna named thus by Caesar was the same with the Mountaines Cemmeni of Ptolemy Caesar maketh them to part the Auverni from the Helvij or as Merula interpreteth the countrey of Auvergne from Vivaretz They are put by Rubys to be the mountaines of Givaudan and Auvergne Iura was that long mountainous ridge which divideth now the Free County of Burgundy from Savoy and Switzerland or as in Caesar the Sequani from the Helvetij It lyeth wholy out of France in the parts of Gaule belonging vnto Germany and the Empire beginning at the confines of the countrey of Basil not far from the Rhiin ouer against the towne of Waldshut and continuing from thence South-west by the Northern shores of the lakes Bieler se Nuwenburger se and Lemane and ending a litle short of the riuer Rhosne It is now called by diverse names towards the beginning and neere vnto the auncient castle of Habspurg Botsberg betwiâ—t the river Soasne and Forspurg Schaffmat betwixt Olten and the Leiftenantship of Humberg Nider-Hauwestein afterwards Ober-Hawestein further West Wasser-fal then Iurten by the inhabitants of Savoy after this and to the end le Mont. S. Claude Vogesus was that which nowe incircling Lorraine divideth it vpon the East and South from Elsats and the Free Countie of Burgundy It lyeth likewise wholy without the limits of moderne France in the parts appertayning to the Empire and is now saith Merula amongst other names called le Mont de Faucilles THE RIVERS THe more great and noted riuers hereof having enter course with the Ocean and which are the maine channels and receptacles of the other are the Rhosne Garonne Loyre Seyne Scheldt and the Meuse The Rhosne springeth out of the Mountaine called by the Dutch Die Furcken being part of the Alpes Lepontiae the head thereof being distant about two Dutch miles from the spring of the neerer branch of the Rhiin With a swift headlong streame hastning thorough Wallislandt and the Lake Lemane after having visited the cities of Sion Geneve Lions Vienne Avignon and Arles it falleth with six channels into the Mediterranean sea The more noted rivers emptied hereinto are the Soasne arising out of the Mountaine Vauge not farre from the springs of the Meuse and Moselle and by the townes of Chalâ—n Mascon with an imperceptible still course flowing hereinto at Lions the Isere and Durance sourcing out of the Alpes The Garonne hath its head in the Pyrenaean Mountaines neere vnto a towne named Catalup After hauing passed by the great cities of Tholouse and Bourdeaux betwixt Xaintogne and the countrie of Medoc in Guienne it is disburdened into the Aquitanique Ocean The part hereof intercepted betwixt the Ocean and the towne of Libourne or its meeting with the Dordonne is called the Gironne Greater riuers falling hereinto are the Dordonne springing out of the Mountaine d'Or in Auvergne Loth Tarn and Gers. The Loire ariseth in the hilly countrey of Velay the place where it springeth being called le Font de Leyre that is the head of the Loire After a long and pleasant course by the cities of Orleans Bloise Amboise Tours and Nantes below this towne it is receyved into the Westerne Ocean Chiefer riuers emptying herein are the Allier springing in Auvergne neere vnto the towne of Clermont Cher Vienne and the Maine The Seine hath its head in the Dukedome of Burgundie Taking its course by the cities of Paris and Roan at New-haven in Normandy it falleth into the British Ocean Chiefer rivers receiued hereinto are the Oyse out of Picardie taken in at Poissy and the Marne at Pont-Charenton nere to Paris streaming from the Vauge nere Langres The Scheldt ariseth in Vermandois By the cities Cambray Valencienes Tournay Gaunt and Antwerp it is disburdened into the German Ocean by two channels that vpon the right hand dividing Zealandt carryed into the sea betwixt the Iland Walcheren and Schouwen the other by the name of the Honte parting Zealandt from the continent of Flanders and flowing into the Ocean betwixt Walcheren and the town of Sluys More noted riuers emptying hereinto are the Sambre and the Hayne watring and dividing Hainault and occasioning the name of that country The Meuse or Maes springeth out of the Mountaine Vauge in the confines of Lorraine and of the Free Countrey of Burgundie neere vnto the Monasterie la Voiage in Lorraine By the more noted townes and cities of Namur Luick Maestricht Venlo Grave Buchoven Dort Rotterdam Vlardring and Brill betwixt this towne and Graue-sand in the maine land of Hollandt after hauing receiued in the Wael and Leck two principall branches of the Rhijn it is disburdened into the German Ocean The part hereof from Buchoven vnto below Worcum is called De Nieuwe Maes or the New Maes for a distinction from the old channell derived aunciently from Buchoven by the sluces now called Meedickse Maes and D'oude Maes and by the townes of Huesden and S. Gertrudenberg afterwards thorough the drowned lands neere vnto Dort then betwixt the two Ilands of Vorn after this betwixt the Iland Corendick and the towns Bleynckuliet in the more Northerne Vorn lastly thorough the maine of this Iland at a towne not farre from Brill named Geeruliet carryed into the Ocean The new Chanell or Maes from Worcum by Dort and Rotterdam vnto Vlardring is promiscuously called by the names of the Niewe Maes and of the Merwe from a castle so named whose ruines are yet seene in the drowned land neere Dort Beyond Vlardring it againe assumeth its former name of the Maes which it continueth vnto the Ocean THE AVNCIENT NAME OF FRANCE THE more auncient name of this country was Gallia or Gaule being so called from the milkie whitenesse of the people compared to the Greekes and Romans the first imposers For the better clearing heereof wee are to distinguish of a twofold Gallia Cisalpina or Gaule on this side of the Alpes and Transalpina or Gaule beyond the Alpes for so were those parts named by the Romans in regard of such their situations towards Italy the seate of their Empire GAVLE CIS-ALPINA GAule Cisalpina was
otherwise called Gallia Togata from the Roman habite and greater civility of the people conquered by the Romans before the other and brought vnto their manners and custome of liuing This was a part of Italy as it is at this day accompted more aunciently possessed by the Thuscans and first chaunging into this new name vpon the comming of the Gaules from beyond the Alpes desbourding hither vnder Bellovesus Nephew to Ambigatus King of the Celtae in the raigne of Tarquinius Priscus King of Rome those auncient inhabitants driuen out subduing the Country and planting therein The bounds hereof were the Alpes of France and Germany dividing it from those Continents the Tirrhene and Adriatique Seas and the riuers Arno Rubicon falling thereinto and dividing it from the rest of Italy It contayned the parts where now lye the great Dukedome of Milan those other of Mantua Ferrara Parma and Vrbin the States of Genoa and Lucca Marca Trevisana and the country of Venice Romagna Piemonte and the dominions of the great Duke of Tuscanye lying West of the riuer Arno. They were the Gaules of this division famous in auncient times for their taking and sacking of the city of Rome and their great Conquests and victories in Greece and Asia before mentioned After long and fierce warres with the Romans the country and people became at length totally subdued by that nation which their finall subiection hapned a little before the Second Punique warre and about the yeare of Rome 531 M. Claudius Marcellus and Cn. Cornelius Scipio being then Consuls For it was in the Consulships hereof as in the 3 d Booke of Eutropius that their last war herewith was ended commenced against the Insubrians Concerning the after estate hereof since it was no part of the more auncient and proper Gaule see Italy GAVLE TRANSALPINA GAule Transalpina was divided from Gaule Cisalpina with the Alpes being bounded on the other sides with the Pyrenaean mountaines from Spaine the riuer Rhijn from Germany with the Sea Mediterranean and the Aquitanique and the British Oceans It comprehended at this day the Wallons and Low Countreyes as farre as the Rhijn the Dukedomes of Lorraine Gulick Sweyburg Savoy the free County of Burgundie Elsace Luick the district of Triers Stiff van Colen the Diocese of Mentz parts of the Lower Palatinate Dukedome of Cleve the most part of the Cantons and Confederacy of the Switzers together with the great and renowned kingdome of France the subject of this present discourse This was the true and proper Gallia whose sundry fortunes and estates successions and alterations follow GAVLE VNDER THE FIRST NATIVES THE first dominion hereof was vnder the Gaules occasioning the name of the Country whose antiquity and first comming hither lye without the reach of History or times memory a people much renowned for armes the victorious Conquerours of neighbouring and remote nations themselues for a long time remaining vnconquerable Their government during their first and rude times was vnder kings divided amongst many Amongst these we read of Ambigatus king of the Bituriges or Celtae Teutomalius of the Salyi Bituitus of the Auverni with others not worth the mentioning In the time of Caesar they consisted for the most part of Common-wealths the name authority of kings abrogated The first of forreine Nations flowing hereinto were the Germans intruding vpon the parts neighbouring to the Rhijn from whom the many people of the warlike Belgae were descended The certaine time of their comming is not set downe In the raigne of Tarquin the Proud king of the Romans and in the 45 Olympiade arriue here the Phocenses a Graecian people inhabiting Phocaea a City of Ionia in Asia the lesse subdued and driuen out of their Country by Harpagus generall of the army of Cyrus Monarke of the Persians the founders here of the noble city of Massilia the mother of the many after flourishing colonies of Emporiae Nicaea Forum-Iulium Taurentium Olbia vpon the sea-coast hereof and of Spaine GAVLE CONQVERED BY THE ROMANS THe Romans were the first who for the desire of rule and the greater enlargement of their Empire invaded this country About the yeare of Rome 628. M. Fulvius Flaccus and M. Plautius being then Consuls pretending the iniurie of their cōfederates the Massillians fell out here their first war with the Salyi subdued by this Fulvius and by the succeeding Consul C. Sextius together with their neighbours the Vocontij Ligures Vpon occasion of this war and of the protection aide of Teutomalius King of the Salyi in the yeares of Rome 631 and 632 hapned their next wars with the Allobroges assisted by the Auverni managed successiuely by two of their Consuls Cn Domitius Ahenobardus and Q. Fabius Maximus the issue whereof was the captivity of Bituitus king of the Auverni with great slaughter of the Barbarians and the subjection of the whole Southerne part hereof extended from the sea Mediterranean vnto the Mountains Cemmeni called afterwards Gaule Narbonensis first reduced into the order of a Province as thinketh Sigonius by this Fabius in the yeare 633 of Romes foundation and some 5 yeares after that the wars with this Nation beyond the Alpes first begun Some 70 yeares afterwards C. Iulius Caesar governour of the province in ten yeares space by a long and bloody war conquered the rest hereof lying North of the Mountaines Cemmeni and knowne by the name of Gallia Comata all which he reduced vnder the forme of a Province governed by their Proconsuls and other names of Magistrates vntill the expiration of the Roman Empire In the raignes and Consulships of the Emperours Honorius Theodosius the second and about the yeare of Rome 1164 and of Christ 412 by the gift of Honorius the Gothes vnder their king Ataulphus first entred into and tooke possession of Gaule Narbonensis followed immediatly after by the Burgundians and Frenchmen with whose swarmes the whole in a short space became ouerspread the Roman authority and Empire as the name of Gaule becomming hereby quite extinguished THE DESCRIPTION OF GAVLE VNDER THE FIRST ROMAN EMPEROVRS THe first division hereof during the Roman government and those first times we finde in Caesar to haue beene into the parts of Aquitania contayned betwixt the Pyrenaean Mountaines and the riuer Garonne Celtica extended betwixt the Garonne the Seine Marne and of Belgica reaching from those two rivers of the Marne and Seine vnto the Rhijn and the Ocean He excludeth Narbonensis from the accompt and name of Gaule doubtles in regard of the civility of the inhabitants by their long commerce and acquaintance with the Romans then growne altogether Italianate and differing from the other in fashion and maner of living Augustus Caesar notwithstanding afterwards correcting this division added Gaule Narbonensis herevnto making hereby 4 parts or provinces of the whole Gaule Narbonensis Aquitania enlarged vnto the Loire Celtica or Lugdunensis and Belgica a division long afterwards
obserued vntill the raigne of the Emperour Constantine the Great whose exacter bounds with their many people and cities follow out of Ptolemy with reference to Caesar Strabo and other best authours of those times AQVITANIA SO called from the city Aquae Augustae now D' Acqs in Guienne The bounds hereof were the Westerne Ocean from the Promontory Oeso of the Mountaines Pyrenaean vnto the mouth of the riuer Loire the Loire from its head during the whole course thereof vnto its fall into the Ocean dividing it from Lugdunensis a line from the head of the Loire vnto the head of the riuer Illiberis in the Pyrenaean Mountaines severing it from Gaule Narbonensis and the ridge of the Pyrenaean Mountaines taken betwixt that line and the Promontory Oeso parting the same from Spaine It comprehendeth now the countries of Gascoigne Guienne Velay Gevaudan Rovergne Quercy Perigort Limousin Auvergne Berry Engoulmois Xaintoigne Nivernois Bourbonnois Poictou with the Dutchye of Raiz in Bretaigne besides some parts of other countries accompted in Lugdunensis The sundry people and cities hereof with their interpretations follow The Pictones adjoyning to the Loire and the Ocean the Pictones of Caesar Strabo and Pliny contayning now Poictou and the Duchy of Raiz Whose townes were Augustoritum now Poictiers Limonum and Sicor Portus now Luçon The Santones the Santones of Caesar Strabo and Santones Liberi of Pliny now Xaintoigne Whose citie was Mediolanium Mediolanum of Strabo now Xainctes The Bituriges Vipisci Bituriges Vbisci of Pliny and Bituriges Iosci of Strabo now Bourdelois Whose cities were Burdegala Burdegala of Strabo now Bourdeaux Noviomagus and Santonum Portus The Tarbeli the Tarbelli of Strabo and Tarbeli Quartuorsignani of Pliny now le pais de Lapourd Whose citie was Aquae Augustae the Aquitani from whence the name of the Province after Pliny now D'Acqs The Limvici neighbouring to the Pictones the Lemovices of Caesar Strabo Pliny now Limousin Whose citie was Ratiastum now Limoges The Cadurci the Cadurci of Caesar Strabo Pliny now Quercy Whose city was Ducona now Cahors The Petrocorij the Petrocorij of Strabo and Petrogori of Pliny now Perigort Whose city was Vessuna now Perigueux The Bituriges Cubi the Bituriges Cubi of Strabo and Bituriges Liberi surnamed the Cubi of Pliny now Berry Whose city was Varicum Avaricum of Caesar now Bourges The Nitiobriges Nitiobriges of Caesar Strabo now Agennois Condomois Whose city was Aginum now Agen. The Vassarij the Vassei of Pliny now Bazadois Whose city was Cossium now Bazats The Tabali Gabales of Caesar Strabo and Pliny now Gevaudan Whose city was Anderidum now Lodesve The Datij Whose city was Tasta now Dau. The Auscii the Auscij of Strabo and Ausci of Pliny and Mela. Whose city was Augusta now Auchs Part of the Aâ—verni the Arverni of Caesar and Strabo and Arverni Liberi of Pliny placed by Strabo in the Province Lugdunensis now Nivernois Whose city was Augustonemetum now Nevers The Velauni the Vellaunij of Strabo now Velay Whose city was Ruessium now Rieux or S. Flour The Rhutani the Rutheni of Caesar and Pliny and Ruteni of Strabo now Rovergne Whose city was Segodunum now Rhodes The Cuceneni neighbouring to the Pyrenaean Mountaines Whose city was Lugdunum Colonia now Oleron The more noted Promontories of the Sea-coasts hereof after the same authour were Oeasum now Olarso Curianum Promontorium now Cap de Butz Santonum Promontorium and Pictonium Promontorium The Havens were Santonum Portus and Sicor Portus now Lucon The rivers were Aturius now Adour Garumna now Garonne Canentellus now Charente Ligeris now the Loire and Sigmanus CELTICA OR LVGDVNENSIS SO called from the famous people of the Celtae and Lions the chiefe city thereof The bounds were the Loire from its first head vnto the Ocean common therevnto and to Aquitania the Ocean betwixt the falls of the Loire and the Seine the Seine during its whole course and a line continued right therewith from the spring or head of the same vnto the meetings of the rivers Doux and the Soasne together dividing it from Gaule Belgique and another line drawne from the confluence of the rivers Doux and Soasne vnto the head of the Loire and the Mountaines Cemmeni parting it from Gaule Narbonensis It contayneth now all Bretaigne the countrey of Raiz excepted Normandy vnto the Seine France Speciall Chartrain Perche Maine Aniou Touraine the Duchy of Vendosme the county of Dunois the countries Blesien and Tonneres Orleannois Lorris Soulogne Brie part of Champaigne Forest Lionnois and the Dukedome of Burgundy The people and townes hereof were thus ordered The Veneti the Veneti of Caesar Strabo and Pliny the part now of Bretaigne about the towne of Vannes Whose city was Dariorigum now Vannes The Osismij vpon the sea-coast Osisimi of Caesar and Osismij of Strabo Pliny and Mela the part now of Bretaigne about the towne of S. Pol. Whose city was Vorganium not vnprobably S. Pol. The Samnitae neighbouring to the Loire The Aulercij Diabolitae the Diablintes of Caesar and Diablindi of Pliny Whose city was Naeodunum The Arubij Whose city was Vagoritâ—m The Namnitae the Nannetes of Caesar and Pliny the part of Bretaigne about Nantes Whose city was Condivincum now Nantes The Rhedones the Rhedones of Caesar and Pliny the part now of Bretaigne about the towne of Rhenes Whose city was Condate nowe Rhenes The Biducenses vpon the sea-coast The Lexubij the Lexovij of Caesar and Pliny the part now of Normandy about the towne of Lyseux Whose city was Naeomagus probably Lyseux The Caletae vpon the sea-coast the Caletes of Caesar and Galleti of Pliny more rightly placed by Caesar amongst the Belgae now Caux in Normandy Whose city was Iuliobona now Honfleu These with the Curiosolites Rhedones Ambibarri Osissimi Lemovices and Vnelli with other bordering states vpon the Ocean Caesar in the 7 booke of his Commentaries and 32 chap. surnameth the Aremoricae called thus from their situation vpon the Sea-coast The Veneli vpon the sea-coast the Vnelli of Caesar and Pliny The Veneliocassij the Vellocassi of Caesar and Vellocasses of Pliny the part now of Normandy about Roan Whose city was Rothomagus now Roan The Auliorci The Abrigcatui the Abrigcatui of Pliny the part now of Normandy about Auranches Whose city was Ingena now Auranches The Cenomanni the Cenomanni of Pliny now Maine Whose city was Vindinum now Mans Maine or Vendosme The Aulercij Eburaici the Aulerci surnamed the Eburovices of Pliny Whose city was Mediolanium The Senones the Senones of Caesar Strabo and Pliny now Brie Whose city was Agedicum Agendicum of Caesar now Provence The Carnutae the Carnutes of Caesar and Strabo and Carnuti Faederati of Pliny now le pais Chartrain and Orleannois Whose cities were Autricum now Chartres and Cenabum Genabum of Caesar and Strabo now Oreleans The Andicani the Andes of Caesar and Andegavi of Pliny now Aniou Whose city was Iuliomagus now Angiers The Parisii the Parisii of Caesar
Parrisii of Strabo and Parrhisii of Pliny now the country of Paris Whose city was Lucotecia Lutetia of Strabo Lutetia of Caesar seated in an Iland of the Seine now Paris The Turupij the Turones of Caesar now Touraine Whose city was Caesarodunum now Tours The Tricassij the Trecasses of Pliny the part of Champaigne about Trois Whose city was Augustomana now Trois The Segusiani neighbouring to the Arverni the Segutiani of Caesar Segusiani of Strabo and Secusiani Liberi of Pliny now Forest Whose cities were Forum Segusianorum now Furs and Rhodumna The Meldae the Meldae of Strabo and Meldi Liberi of Pliny the part of Brie about the towne of Meaux Whose city was Iatinum now Meaux The Vadicassij the Vadicasses of Pliny Whose city was Naeomagus now Nemours The Aedui the Hedui of Caesar the Hedui Faederati of Pliny the Hedui the most famous people of the Celtae after Mela the Hedui of Strabo honoured with the title of the Romans the first of the Gaules embracing their friendship and confederacy now the Dukedome of Burgundy and Lionnois Whose cities were Augustodunum Augustodunum the richest city of the Hedui after Mela now Austun Caballinum Cavillonium of Caesar and Cabullinum of Strabo now Chalon vpon Soasne Lugdunum Lugdunum of Pliny a Roman colony situated in the country of the Secusiani and Lugdunum of Strabo the chiefe towne of the Segusiani inhabited by the Romans and after Narbo the most populous city of the Gaules a Mart towne and the place of mintage for the Roman coynes vsed in this Province now Lion and Carilocus The more noted Ports or Hauens of Gaule Celtica after the same Authour were Crociatonum a Port of the Veneti Brivates Portus now Croisic in Bretaigne vpon the Loire Vidiana not vnprobably Blavet and Staliocanus now probably the Hauen of Brest The riuers which he onely mentioneth were Titius Argenis now Trieu and Arguennon falling into the British Ocean at S. Brieu Here was likewise the Promontory Gobaeum now le Four in Bretaigne BELGICA BOunded with the Loire and the line before-mentioned drawne from the Loire vnto the meetings of the riuers Doux Soasne dividing it from Celtica the Ocean betwixt the more Easterne branch of the Rhiin vnto the mouth of the Seine the riuer Rhijn from its first source in the Mountaine Adulas now der Vogel of the Alpes vnto its fall into the German Ocean parting it from Germany and a line drawne from the Mountaine Adulas and the spring of the Rhijn vnto the confluence of the riuers Doux and the Soasne seuering it from Gaule Narbonensis The country at this day lyeth for the greatest part out of France It containeth now Picardy with parts of Normandy Champaigne and France Speciall and in the Low Countryes and the parts belonging to the Empire the Earledomes of Artois Hainault and Flanders Brabant Holland vnto the middle branche of the Rhiin derived by Vtreicht and Leyden the parts of Gelderland and of the district of Vtreicht vnto the said branch of the Rhiin Zealandt Limburg Luxemburg Namur Luick Iuliers Stiff van Triers Lorraine and Bar West-reich Elsatz the Free County of Burgundy the Dioceses of Colen and Mentz parts of the Dukedome of Cleue and of the Lower Palatinate together with the parts of the Cantons and Confederacie of Switzers included within the Rhiin The inhabitants and their cities follow The Atrebatii the Atrebates of Strabo and Pliny and Attrebates of Caesar now Artois Whose city was Rigiacumâ— now Arras The Bellovaci the Bellovaci of Caesar Strabo and Pliny now Beauvoisin Whose city was Caesaromagus now Beauvois The Ambiani the Ambiani of Caesar and Pliny the part of Picardy about the towne of Amiens Whose city was Samarobriga Samarobrina of Caesar now Amiens The Rhomandues the Veromandui of Caesar and Pliny now Vermandois in Picardy Whose city was Augusta Rhomanduorum now S t Quintin The Vessones the Suessones of Caesar the Suessiones of Strabo and the Suessiones Liberi of Pliny now Soissonois Whose city was Augusta Vessonum now Soissons The Subanecti the Vlbanectes Liberi of Pliny now the country about Senlis in the Dukedome of Valois Whose city was Rhotomagus The Rhemi the Rhemi of Caesar and Strabo and Remi Foederati of Pliny the part now of Champaigne about Rheims Whose city was Durocottum Duricorta of Strabo now Rheims The Nervij the Nervij of Caesar and Strabo and the Nervij Liberi of Pliny now Hainault and the country about Tournay Whose city was Baganum now Tournay The Morini the Morini of Caesar now Flanders and the part of Artois about Terwin Whose city was Tarvanna now Terwin The Tongri beyond the riuer Tabuda the Tungri of Pliny now part of Brabant Whose city was Atuacutum now Antuerpen The Menapij beyond the Mace the Menapij of Caesar Strabo and Pliny now part of Iuliers Whose city was Castellum The Treveri the Treveri of Caesar Strabo and Mela and the Treveri Liberi of Pliny now Luxemburg and the District of Triers Whose city was Augusta Treverorum Augusta of Mela and Colonia Treverorum of Tacitus now Triers The Mediomatrices the Mediomatrices of Strabo and Tacitus and Mediomatrici of Pliny the part of Lorraine about the towne of Mets. Whose city was Divodurum Divodurum of Tacitus now Mets. The Leuci the Leuci of Strabo and Leuci Liberi of Pliny part also of Lorraine Whose city was Tullum now Toul and Nasium now Nancy Germania Inferior or the Lower Germany extending along the course of the riuer Rhijn from the confluence of that riuer with the Obrincus or Moselle vnto the Ocean Germania Inferior of Tacitus contayning now Hollandt Zealandt Vtreicht Stiff van Colen and Cleve Whose cities were Batavodurum in the Iland of the Batavians Batavodurum of Tacitus now Duer-steden Vetera Civitas Vetera Castra and Vetera of Tacitus now Batemborch Legio trigesima Vlpia now Berck Agrippinensis Colonia Agrippinensis of Pliny and Tacitus now Colen Legio Prima Traiana now Cobolentz Mocontiacum Mocontiacum of Tacitus now Mentz and Bonna Bonna of Tacitus now Bon. Germania Superior or the Higher Germany Germania Superior of Tacitus continued along the Rhijn from the riuer Obrincus or the Moselle vnto the Mountaine Iura and the Helvetians and divided into the many people of the Nemeti the Nemeti of Pliny and Nemetes of Caesar now part of the Lower Palatinate Whose cities were Naeomagus not vnprobably Spier and Rufiniana now Oppenheim The Vangiones the Vangiones of Caesar and Pliny now part likewise of the Lower Palatinate and Elsats Whose cities were Borbetomagus now Worms and Argentoratum now Strasburg The Triboci the Triboces of Caesar and Tribochi of Strabo and Pliny part of Elsats Whose cities were Breucomagus and Elcebus now Schlestat And the Rauraci the Rauraci of Caesar and Raurici of Pliny now the countrey of Basil and part of Elsatz Whose cities were Augusta Rauracorum now Basil and Argentuaria now Colmar The Longones the Lingones of Caesar Strabo and Tacitus the Lingones Faederati of Pliny le pais
Langroin Whose city was Audomatunum civitas Lingonum of Tacitus now Langres The Sequani the Sequani of Caesar Strabo and Pliny the Free County of Burgundy Whose cities were Didattium now Talcnberg Visontium Vesontio of Caesar now Besançon Equestris Colonia Equestris of Pliny now Neuf-chastel and Avanticum Aventicum of Tacitus now Avenche The Helvetij the Helvetij of Caesar and Tacitus now Switzerlandt Whose cities were Ganodurum now Constents and Forum Tiberij now Rhysers stul Zurich The more noted Mountaines of Belgica after the same authour were the Iurassus Iurassus of Strabo and Iura of Caesar and Pliny now the Iour And Adulas Mons now der Vogel a part of the Alpes The Promontories or Havens were Promontorium Itium Portus Iccius of Caesar now Calais or S. Omar and Gessoriacum Navale amongst the Morini now Boulogne The riuers were Phrudis now the Some Tabuda Scaldis of Caesar and Pliny now the Scheldt Obrincus Mosella of Ausonius now the Moselle The Mosa Mosa of Caesar now the Mace and the Rhijn The greater channels of the Rhijn whereby that famous river was disburdened into the Ocean were Ostium Occidentalius the Wahalis of Caesar now the Wael Ostium Medium falling then into the Ocean at Lugdunum of the Batavi since diverted another way by the Lecke and Ostium Orientalius Fossae Drusinae of Suetonius now the Ysel NARBONENSIS CAlled thus from the chiefe city thereof Narbona The bounds were vpon the North those before described common herevnto and to Aquitania Belgica and Lugdunensis and vpon the other sides the Alpes extended betwixt the Mountaine Adulas vnto the sea Mediterranean and the mouth of the riuer Varo parting it from Italy the Pyrenaean Mountaines from towards the head of the river Illiberis vnto Veneris Templum now Cabo de Creux dividing it from Spaine and the Sea Mediterranean intercepted betwixt Veneris Templum and the mouth of the riuer Varo It contayned the countries of Languedoc Provence Savoy and Daulphinie with the Land of Russeillon nowe belonging to the Crowne of Spaine The people and cities were these The Volcae Tectosages and Arecomij the Volcae of Pliny the Volgi and Volcae of Caesar the Volgae surnamed the Arecomici of Strabo neighbouring to the Rhosne and inhabiting the greatest part of the country lying vpon the West thereof the Tectosages part of the Volcae after Pliny the Tectosages of the Volcae reaching vnto the Pyrenaean Mountaines after Strabo the Arecomici of Caesar Pliny Mela and Strabo contayning now together the Province of Languedoc and the Earledome of Russeillon Whose cities were Illiberis Iliberis of Pliny Ilybirris with a riuer of the same name after Strabo Eliberri of Mela now Colibre Ruscinum Ruscino Latinorum of Pliny Ruscino a towne with a riuer of the same name issuing forth of the Pyrenaean Mountaines after Strabo and Colonia Ruscino of Mela where now standeth the Castle of Russeillon neere vnto the town of Perpignian Tolosa Colonia Tolosa of Caesar Tolosa of the Tectosages of Pliny Tolosa of Strabo Tolossa of the Tectosages of Mela one of the most wealthy cities of Gaule Narbonensis now Tholouse Cessero Cessero of Pliny now Castres Carcaso Carcasu of Pliny now Carcasone Betirae Biltera of Strabo a well fortified citie vpon the river Obris Blitera of the Septumani after Pliny one of the most rich cities of Gaule Narbonensis and Bliterae a colonie of the Septumani after Mela now Beziers Narbon Colonia Narbo of Caesar Strabo Narbo Martius a colony of the Decumani after Pliny Narbo Martius a colony of the Atacini and Decumani and the chiefe of the cities of Gaule Narbonensis after Mela now Narbonne Nemausum Colonia Nemausus the chiefe city of the Arecomici after Strabo Nemausum of the Arecomici a towne free of the Latines the chiefe of 24 other towns after Pliny Nemausus of the Arecomici one of the wealthiest cities of Gaule Narbonensis Mela now Nismes and Vindomagus The Elycoci the Helvij of Caesar. Whose city was Albaugusta now Viviers The Allobroges the Allobroges of Caesar Strabo Pliny and Mela Savoy and part of Daulphinie Whose city was Vienna Vienna vpon the Rhosne the chiefe towne of the Allobroges after Strabo Vienna a colony amongst the Allobroges after Pliny Vienna of the Allobroges one of the most rich cities of Gaule Narbonensis after Mela now Vienne The Segalauni the Segovell auni of Pliny part of Daulphinie Whose city was Valentia Colonia Valentia of Pliny in the countrey of the Cavares now Valence The Tricasteni the Tricastini of Pliny Whose city was Naeomagus now Nion The Cavari the Cavares of Strabo and Mela and Regio Cavarum of Pliny part now of Daulphinie and Provençe Whose cities were Accusianorum Colonia now Grenoble Aveniorum Colonia Avenio of Strabo Avenio of the Cavares free of the rights of the auncient Latines after Pliny Avenio of the Cavares of the most wealthy cities of Gaule Narbonensis after Mela now Avignon Arausiorum Colonia Arusio of Strabo Arausio a colony of the Secūdani after Pliny Arausio of the Secundani of the most wealthy cities of Gaule Narbonensis after Mela now Aurange and Cabelliorum Colonia Cabalio of Strabo and Cabellio of Pliny now Cavaillon The Salices the Salyi of Pliny and Montana Salyum regio of Strabo now part of Provençe Whose cities were Taruscum Tarascon of Strabo now Tarascon Glanum Glanum of Pliny and Glanon of Mela now Clandeve Arelatum Colonia Arelate a noted Emporie vpon the Rhosne after Strabo Arelate a colonie of the Sextani after Pliny Arelate of the Sextani one of the most wealthy cities of Gaule Narbonensis after Mela now Arles and Aquae Sextiae Colonia Aquae Sextiae of the Salyi after Pliny Aquae Calidae or Sextiae founded by that Sextius which subdued the Salyes and named thus from him the hot bathes their springing after Strabo now Aix The Memini Memini of Pliny part of Provençe Whose city was Forum Neronis Foroneroniensis of Pliny The Vocontij the Vocontij of Caesar Strabo Pliny and Mela part of Provençe Whose townes was Civitas Vasiorum Vasia of Pliny and Mela now Vaison The Sentij part of Provençe Whose city was Dinia Dinia of Pliny now Digne The sea-coast townes of Narbonensis were Agathopolis Agatha founded by the Massilians after Strabo Agatha a towne of the Massilians after Pliny Agatha of Mela now Agde Anatilorum civitas Colonia Anatilia of Pliny now Martegue Massilia in the Comonni Massilia of Caesar and Mela Massilia a confederate city inhabited by a colony of the Greekes Phocaeenses after Pliny Massilia built by the Phocaeenses a well governed common-wealth and commaunded by the Nobility after Strabo now Marseilles Tauroentium now Toulon Olbia Olbia of Strabo and Mela now Ere 's Forum Iulium Colonia Forum Iulium of Strabo Forum Iulium a colony of the Octavani after Pliny Forum Iulium a colony of the Octavij after Mela now Feriuls and in the Deciatij Deciates of Florus and Regio Deciatium of Pliny Antipolis Antipolis of Strabo and
Pliny now Antibe The Rivers were Illeris now Techo in the land of Russeillon Iliberis now Aude in Languedoc Atagis Orobius now Orbe Araurius now Erhaud Fossae Marianae a dreane or channell of the Rhosne now Aigues Mortes Rhodanus now the Rhosne Canus Argentius in the Comonni now Argentine Varus now Varo the common bounds of Gaule and Italy disburdened into the French seas Arar Araris of Caesar now the Soasne Isara now the Isere Druentia now Durance emptyed into the Rhosne and Dubis Alduabis of Caesar now le Doux in the Free countye of Burgundy falling into the Soasne Heere were likewise the Lake Lemanus Lemanus of Caesar the Lake now of Geneve and the Promontory Citharistos in the Comonni now Cercilli or Cabo de S Sigo The Ilands hereof were Agatha Blascon most probably Languillade the Staechades being fiue in number and lying neere vnto the mouth of the riuer Varo and Lerona now S. Margarita Vnto these of Ptolemy are added by Pliny in Aquitania the Begerri now the country of Begorre The Convenae now Cominges The Elusates the Flussates of Caesar now Foix. The Conserrani now the countrie about the towne of Coserans The Ambilatri Anugnates Sediboniates Cocosates Venami Onobrisates Belendi Monesi Osquidates Montani Sibyllates Camponi Bercorates Bipedimni Sassumini Vellates Tornates Sottiates Sontiates of Caesar. Osquidates Campestres Succasses Latusates now the country about Lactoure Basabocates Sennates Câ—mbolectri and Agesinates In Lugdunensis the Boij the Boij of Caesar now Bourbonois The Cariosuelites the Curiosolites of Caesar now Cournovaille The Vidugasses the Itesui In Narbonensis the Vulgientes now the country of Apt. The Tricorij Tricorij of Strabo Avatici Tricolli Camatullici Suelteri Veruccini Oxubii Ligures Oxybii of Strabo Ligauni Suetri Quariates Adunicates Alabecerii Apollinares Ceninenses Cambolecti surnamed the Atlantici Livii Piscenae Ruteni Sanagenses Tascodunitani Cononienses Vmbranici Sardones Desuviates Consuarani Avantici Campi Lapidei Campus Lapideus betwixt Massilia and the mouth of the river Rhosne after Strabo Littus Lapideum after Mela now la Craux in Provençe and the Ebroduntii now le pais Ambrunois in Daulphinie In Belgica the Toxandri Pagus Gessoriacus now Boulognois The Vbii the Vbii of Caesar the Vbii brought hither from the farther shore of the Rhiin in Germany by Agrippa after Strabo now the Diocese of Colen The Oromansaci Hassi Castologi Britanni Sueconi Rinuci Frisiahones Betasi and Gagerni Of townes Apta Iulia now Apt. Carpentoracte now Carpentras Alba Helvorum Augusta Tricastinorum now S. Antoni de Tricastin Aeria now le Puy en Velaye Bormannico Marcina Athenopolis of the Massilians and Lucus Augusti Strabo addeth in Belgica the Sicambri the Sicambri of Caesar now Cleuelandt The Eburones the Eburones of Caesar now part of Iuliers and the Nantuates seated at the head of the Rhiin the Nantuates of Caesar now part of the Grisons In Narbonensis the Massilienses Iconij Peâ—yli and Ligures with the townes Vrgenum Contium Gernum and Vndalus at the meetings of the riuers Sulga Rhodanus In Aquitania amongst the Arverni the townes Nemossus vpon the Loire and Gergovia Gergovia of Caesar now Gergoie a village by Clermont in Auvergne In Lugdunensis Bibracta a city of the Hedui Bibracte of Caesar now Beaulne in the Dukedome of Burgundy Mela addeth the Atacini named thus from the riuer Atax vpon which they inhabited and the towne Citharistes Caesar addeth the Ambarri a part of the Aremoricae The Mandubij now part of the Dukedome of Burgundy The Seduni part of the Vpper Wallislandt The Veragri now the Lower Wallislandt The Catuaci and the Condrusones with the townes of Vellaunodunum of the Senones Matiscona of the Aedui now Mascon Alesij of the Mandubij now Alize a village neere vnto Semur in the country of Auxois and Octodurus of the Veragri now Martinach in Wallislandt THE DESCRIPTIOM AND ESTATE of Gaule after the Emperour Constantine the Great towards the expiration of the VVesterne Roman Empire THis was the face of Gaule during the first ranke of the Roman Emperours Constantine the Great for the better goverment hereof subdivided those greater into 17 lesser divisions or Provinces which for a more full survey hereof and because of some difference of names with the former I haue inserted out of the Catalogue of the Provinces and cities of Gaule ascribed to Antoninus Augustus with relation to Rufus Festus Ammianus Marcellinus and to the Authour of the Notitia These with their cities and Interpretations follow PROVINCIA LVGDVNENSIS prima COntayning now Lionois with part of the Dukedome of Burgundy The cities hereof were Civitas Lugdunensis the Metropolis and civitas Eduorum civitas Lingonum Castrum Gaballionense and Castrum Matisconense now Lions Authun Langres Chalon vpon Soasne and Mascon Provincia Lugdunensis secunda COntaining now the Dukedome of Normandy The cities were civitas Rotomagensium the Metropolis and civ Baiocassium civ Abrincuntum civ Salarium id est Saiorum civ Lexoviorum and civ Constantia now Roan Baieux Auranches Sais Lyseux and Constances Provincia Lugdunensis tertia COmprehending now Touraine Maine Aniou and Bretaigne The cities were civ Turonum the Metropolis and civ Cenomannorum civ Redonum civ Andicavorum civ Namnetum civ Corisopitum civ Cianctium id est Venetum civ Osismorum and civ Diablintum now Tours Mans Renes Angiers Nantes Kemper-Corentin Vannes and Leon with the towne of Carifes Provincia Lugdunensis quarta COntaining now Beausse Brie Auxerrois with parts of Champaigne and of France Speciall The cities hereof were civitas Senonum the Metropolis civ Carnorum civ Antisiodorum civ Tricassium civ Aâ—relianorum civ Parisiorum and civ Melduâ—rum now Sens Chartres Auxerre Trois Orleans Paris and Meaux Provincia Bellica prima COntaining Lorraine with the district of Triers The cities hereof were civitas Treverorum the Metropolis and civ Mediomatricum id est Metis civ Leucorum id est Tullo and civ Veredonensium now Trier Mets Toul and Verdun Provincia Bellica secunda COntaining now Artois Picardy parts of Champaigne and France Speciall with the countreyes of Cambray and Tournay The cities hereof were civ Remorum the Metropolis and civ Suessianum civ Catalaunorum civ Veromannorum civ Atravatum civ Camaracensium civ Turnacensium civ Silvanectum civ Bellovacorum civ Ambianensis civ Morinum id est Ponticum and civ Bononensium now Rheims Soissons Chaalon vpon Marne S. Quintin Arras Cambray Tournay Senlis Beauvois Amiens Terwin and Boulogne Provincia Germania prima COntayning now Sungow Elsats West-reich the Bishoprick of Mentâ— and the part of the Palatinate on the side of the Rhijn The cities were civitas Magontiacensis the Metropolis now Mentz and civ Argentoracensium civ Nemetum id est Spira civ Vangionensis id est Wormensis now Strasburg Spire and Worms Provincia Germania secunda COntayning now the district of Colen Iuliers Cleve Luick Brabant Namur Hainault Limburg Luxemburg Gelderland Vtreicht
Flanders Holland and Zealand The cities hereof were civ Agrippinensis the Metropolis and civ Tungrorum now Colen and Tongeren Provincia Maxima Sequanorum COntayning now the Free country of Burgundy and Switzerland The cities hereof were civ Vesontiensis the Metropolis now Besançon and civ Equestrium now Lausanne civ Eluntiorum now Avanches civ Basiliensium id est Basilea now Basil civ Noidenolex Aventicus Castrum Vindonise Castrum Argentariense now Colmar and Castrum Rauracense id est Abucina Provincia Alpium Graiarum Paeninarunt COntayning now Wallislandt and part of Savoy The cities hereof were civ Centronum id est Tarantasia the Metropolis now Tarantaise and civ Valensium id est octodurus now S. Mauris or Maâ—tinach Provincia Vienniensis COntayning now Daulphinic Provinçe and Vivaretz with part of Savoy The cities were civ Vienniensium the Metropolis now Vienne and civ Gennaveâ—sium civ Gratianopolitana civ Albensium civ Vivario civ Decensium civ Valentinorum civ Avenicorum civ Arelatensium civ Carpentoratensis civ Massiliensium civ Ricartinorum civ Vasionensium civ Arausinorum and civ Cabellicorum now Geneve Grenoble Alby Viviers Die Valence Avignon Arles Carpentras Marscilles S. Antony de Tricastin Vaison Aurange and Cavaillon Provincia Alpium Maritimarum COntayning now parts of Daulphinie and Provençe The cities hereof were civitas Ebroduno the Metropolis now Ambrun and civ Diniensium now Digne civ Saniciensium id est Sanicisio now Senas civ Clannetena now Glandeves civ Venciensium id est Ventio now S. Paul de Vençes civ Rigomagensium civ Solliniensium and civ Cemetenensium Provincia Narbonensis prima COntayning now Languedoc The cities hereof were civitas Narbonensium the Metropolis now Narbonne and civitas Tolosatum id est Tolosa civ Beterrensium civ Agatensium civ Nemausensium civ Megalonensium civ Lutuensium id est Lutava castrum and civ Vcetiensis now Tholouse Beziers Agde Nismes Magalone Lodesve and Vsets Provincia Narbonensis Secunda COntayning now part of Provence The cities hereof were civitas Aquensium the Metropolis now Aix and civ Aptensium civ Retensium id est Reias civ Foro-Iuliensium civ Appencensium civ Segesterorum and civ Antipolitana now Apt Ries Feriuls Gap Cisteron and Antibe Provincia Aquitania prima COntayning now Berry Auvergne Rovergne Quercy Limousin with Gevaudan and Velay in Languedoc The cities hereof were civitas Bituricum now Bourges the Metropolis and civ Arvernorum civ Rotenorum civ Albigensium civ Cadorcorum civ Lemavicum civ Gabalum and civ Vellaunorum now Clermont en Auvergne Rodes Alby Cahors Limoges Mende and le Puy en Velay Provincia Aquitania secunda COntayning now Poictou Xantoigne Engoulmois and Perigort with Bourdelois and Agennois in Gascoigne and Guienne The cities hereof were civ Burdegalensium the Metropolis now Bourdeaux and civ Agennensium civ Etolisnensium civ Santonum civ Pictavorum and civ Petrogoriorum now Agen Engoulesme Sainctes Poictiers and Perigueux Provincia Novem-populonia COntayning the rest of Guienne and Gascoigne with the Principality of Bearn The cities hereof were civ Ausciorum the Metropolis now Auchs and civ Aquensium civ Lastoracium civ Convenarum civ Consantanorum civ Boatum quod est Bot civ Beranensium id est Benainas civ Aturensium civ Vasatica civ Tursaubica Tralugorra civ Elleronensium and civ Ellosaticum now D'acqs Lactoure Cominges Coserans le pais de Buchs and Bearn Aire Basats Tarbe Oleron and Euse en Gascoigne Of these Viennensis Lugdunensis prima Germania prima Germania Secunda Belgica prima and Belgica secunda according to the Authour of the Notitia were Consulary Provinces The rest were Praesidiall Rufus Festus accompteth only 14 Provinces differing from the Authour of the Notitia in that he maketh but two Lugdunenses and onely one Narbonensis The INVASION and DOMINION of the NORTHERN and BARBAROVS Nations SVch was the estate of Gaule during the subiection hereof vnto the Romans quite changed by the invasion and conquests of the Northern and Barbarous Nations and becomming divided into sundry new kingdomes and names that more auncient of the Gaules extinguished These were the Britons Burgundians Visigothes Almans and Frenchmen whos 's first entrance raigne continuance and successon and the Estates occasioned from them follow in order THE BRITONS THese not vnprobably were a remainder of the auncient Gaules shut vp within Gaule Armorique thorough the conquests and invasion of the French and other barbarous intruders and named thus either from the Britanni a people mentioned by Pliny in the neighbouring Gaule Belgique or thorough an after mistake in regard of their common language with the Britons of the Iland which after Caesar and Tacitus was the same of both nations More certainely otherwise not to contradict the vsuall and received opinion although without the assertion of more auncient Greeke and Latine Authours who liued about those times a beliefe grounded only vpon the authority of Gal. Monumeth and other late English French Historians they were no other then a colony of the Britons Insulaires about the yeare 385 and in the raignes of the Emperours Gratian and Theodosius the first brought hither and planted in Gaule Armorique by Maximus Liefetenant of the Iland for the Romans then rebelling vsurping the Westerne Empire against Gratians to secure thereby his retreate into that Iland if by chance of warre or otherwise he should be forced againe to leaue the continent The tyrant Maximus shortly after being vanquished and slaine by the Emperour Theodosius they became a free estate loose from all forraine subjection neglected by the Romans and the succeeding Frenchmen busied with other greater and more weightie affaires and reinforced not long after with other great disbourdments of the same nation avoyding the furie of the English and Saxons wasting and destroying their countrey Their dominion here contayned the part before mentioned of Gaule Armorique extended betwixt the Ocean and the rivers Loire Maine and Covesnon since from hence called Bretaigne In the yeare of Christ 766 and the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great weakened by civill dissentions they were first made subject to forraine and the French commaund subdued by Astolphus his Seneschall or gouernour of the Marches hereof In the next raign of the Emperour Lewis the Godly they againe notwithstanding recovered their lost kingdome and liberty which the French being still interessed and detayned at home by civill broiles they for a long time after maintayned vntill Duke Peter de Dreux who overmatched by the power of the French and fearing their greatenes made the country first subject to the vassallage of Lewis the ninth French king followed by all his successours In the late memorie of our ancestours Francis the first French King and in the right of his wife Claude Duke hereof to present all future claime and disvnion which might happen by consent
Lorraine betwixt the Meuse and the Rhijn Lotharius the third French King and of Lorraine on this side the Meuse Otho the second Emperour of the Romans and King of Germany and of Lorraine beyond the Meuse Lewis the fift French King and of Lorraine on this side the Meuse and Otho the third Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany and of Lorraine beyond the Meuse Vnder those two princes the title and kingdome of Lorraine ceased to be incorporated and vnited with West-France Germany The many States arising out of the ruines hereof follow THE DVKEDOMEOE LORRAINE THis now onely retayneth the auncient name of the kingdome of Lorraine It was begun in the yeare 993 in the person of Charles Duke of Brabant younger brother to Lotharius the third and vncle to Lewis the fift the last French Kings of the house of Charles the Great to whom it was given with this title by the Emperour Otho the second It contayneth then besides moderne Lorraine the countrey of Brabant vnited to the name hereof and called Basse Lorraine together with Luick Gulick The manner how these were rent herefrom we will shew in the Catalogue of the Princes whose succession and order follow Charles Duke of Brabant Vncle to Lewis the fift King of France Duke of Lorraine by the gift of the Emperour Otho the second He dyed in bonds caught and imprisoned by Hugh Capet the vsurping King of France jealous of his better right to that Crowne Otho son to Charles He deceased without issue Godfreye the yonger surnamed with the Beard eldest son to Godfrey Earle of Ardenne Buillon and Verdun after the decease of Otho succeeding in the Dukedome hereof by the gift of the Emperour Henry the second the heires generall Gerberge and Hermengarde sisters to Otho excluded Gozelo brother to Godfrey the yonger Godfrey the second son to Gozelo Godfrey the third son to Godfrey the second He died without issue Godfrey of Buillon the fourth of that name son to Eustace Earle of Buillon and of Ydain sister to Godfrey the third He became king of Hierusalem and deceased in the Holy land without heires He sold the temporalty of the city and country of Luick vnto Speutus then Bishop hereof continuing euer since by this right severed from the Dukedome belonging to these Prelates About the same time as it is thought the towne and country of Gulick were likewise divided herefrom seazed vpon with the title of Earle by Eustace brother to Godfrey Bauldwin brother to Godfrey of Buillon king of Hierusalem and Duke of Lorraine He lost Brabant or Basse Lorraine to Geffrey surnamed with the Beard Earle of Lorraine descended from Gerberge daughter to Charles of France the first Duke of Lorraine He also dyed without heires Theodoric son to William Baron of Ianville brother to Godfrey and Bauldwin kings of Hierusalem Simon the first son to Theodoric Mathew the first son to Simon the first Simon the second son to Mathew the first Frederique the first son to Simon the second Theobald the first son to Frederique the first Mathew the second son to Frederique the first and brother to Theobald the first Frederique the second son to Mathew the second Theobald the second son to Frederique the second Frederique the third son to Theobald the second Rodulph son to Frederique the third Iohn son to Rodulph Charles the second son to Iohn Reiner d'Aniou Duke of Bar and afterwards king of Sicily Duke of Lorraine in right of his wife Isabel daughter to Charles the second Iohn the second son to Reiner of Aniou Duke of Bar and of Isabel of Lorraine aforesaid Nicholas d' Aniou son to Iohn the second He dyed without heires Reiner the second son to Frederique Earle of Vaudemont and of Yoland daughter to Reiner d' Aniou and Isabel of Lorraine After the decease of his grandfather Reiner d' Aniou he became also Duke of Bar. Antonye son to Reiner the second Francis son to Antony Charles the third son to Francis Duke of Lorraine and Bar and Earle of Vaudemont in the time of Wassenburg and of Albizius my Authours THE BISHOPRICK OF LIEGE IT was thus named from the city of Liege the chiefe of the country seate of the Prince It was sometimes a part of the Dukedome of Lorraine by Godfrey of Buillon sold to Speutus Bishop of that See and made a particular State The order of the Bishops and Princes we finde not THE DVKEDOME OF IVLIERS IT * was so called from the chiefe city Iuliers It was also a part of the Dukedoâ—e of Lorraine rent and divided therefrom and made a particular Earledome by Eustace brother to Godfrey of Buillon king of Hierusalem the first Prince In the yeare 1329 and in the person of William the fourth it was translated to a Marquisate by the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria Shortly after in the person of the same Prince it was made a Dukedome by the Emperour Charles the fourth By Mary onely daughter to William the fift wife to Iohn the third Duke of Cleve it was brought with the Dukedome of Bergen vnto that family wherein euer since it hath continued belonging now to the Princes of Brandenburg Nuburg heires of that house The order of the first Princes we finde not The rest for brevity sake we omit THE DVREDOME OF CLEVE THis lyeth in both Provinces of Gaule Germany divided by the Rhijâ— named thus from the towne of Cleve When the state begun or by whom it is not agreed Their assertion is lesse absurd who draw the beginning hereof from one Aelius Gracilis to whom the country should be giuen with the title of Earle by Pepin the Fat and Charles Martel Maiors of the Palace in France By the Emperour Sigismond in the Councell of Constance and in the person of Adolph the eleaventh it was made a Dukedome The right hereof of Gulick and Bergen with the Earledome of Marck appertaine now to the Princes of Brandenburg and Nuburg the line masculine failing and extinguished in William the second the last Duke From Theodoric the tenth and more cleare times the Princes follow Theodoric the tenth living about the raigne of the Emperour Lewes of Bavaria Mary daughter to Theodoric She married vnto Adolph the ninth of that name Earle of Marck whereby these two Earledomes became vnited in one family Adolph the tenth son to Mary and Adolph the ninth He liued in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the fourth Adolph the eleaventh son to Adolph the tenth created first Duke of Cleve by the Emperour Sigismond at the Councell of Constance in the yeare 1417. Iohn the first son to Adolph the eleaventh Iohn the second son to Iohn the first Iohn the third son to Iohn the second He marryed vnto Mary daughter vnto William the fift Duke of Gulick and Bergen by meanes whereof those two estates became added to this family Amongst other issue he had Anne of Cleve Queene to Henry the eight
king of England William the first son to Iohn the third William the second son to William the first the last Duke of Cleve Gulick and Bergen and Earle of Marck continued in the line masculine and descended from Adolph the tenth He deceased in the yeare 1609 without issue After his decease the estates hereof were controversed betwixt the Emperour Rodulph the second pretending the prerogatiue and right of the Empire vpon the failing of the male issue and Wolfang Prince of Nuburg and George-William Duke of Prussen descended from the eldest daughters of Duke VVilliam the first by the favour and armes of neighbouring Princes Gulick besieged and taken established in the possession hereof George-VVilliam Duke of Prussen son to Iohn Sigismond Marquesse and Electour of Brandenburg and to Anne daughter to Albert Duke of Prussen and to Mary-Leonor eldest daughter to William the first Duke of Cleve and Wolfang prince of Nuburg son to Philip-Lewis Count Palatine of Nuburg to Anne-Magdelin second daughter to Duke William the first and sister to Duke William the second Dukes of Cleve Gulick and Bergen and Earles of Marck in the yeare 1616 and at this present THE PALATINATE OF THE RHIIN IT likewise lyeth on both sides of the Rhijn so named frō the Counte-Palatines or Princes thus stiled aunciently seated in those parts and in continuance of time by gift purchase marriage armes becomming Lords hereof How these by litle litle became seazed of the countrey reade Franc Irenicus in his 3 booke 54 55. chapters Who were these first Paltzgraues it is not agreed vpon Trithemius nameth Count Palatines before the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great Others accompt their beginning from the time of this Emperour Irenicus more probably from the Emperours of the German race house of Saxony They were not more aunciently Princes or hereditary and but onely chiefe Iudges amongst the Dutch or Presidents in their courts of judicature thus entitl'd appointed by the Emperours and continuing during pleasure The first of these whereof there is any certaine mention was one Henry living in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third appointed one of the six first Electours of the Empire After him the Counte Palatines Electours follow Sigifrid Counte Palatine of the Rhijn and Elector son to Adelheild by a former husband wife vnto Henry the first Electour Ezeline Conrade sons to Sigifrid Lutolphus son to Ezelin Conrade in the raigne of the Emperour Henry the fift Frederique son to Frederique with the one eye Duke of Schwaben and nephew to the Emperour Conrade the third Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony Bavaria Henry son to Henry surnamed the Lion Engerus Henry the fourth Hitherto the order was confused Otto the second Duke of Bavaria vpon his marriage with Gertrude daughter vnto Henry the fourth created Counte Palatine of the Rhijn and Electour by the Emperour Frederique the second He deceased in the yeare 1259. Lewis the second Duke of Bavaria Electour Counte Palatine of the Rhijn He dyed in the yeare 1294. After the decease hereof these two Estates of Bavaria the Palatinate became againe divided as they haue continued ever since Lewis his younger son succeeding in the part of Bavaria since called the Dukedome of Bavaria and contayned betwixt the Danow and the Alpes and Rodulph his eldest son in the Electourship and the Palatinate of the Rhijn together with Nortgow aunciently part of the Dukedome of Bavaria and then first seperated and from the possession of these princes named since the vpper Palatinate or the Palatinate of Bavaria Rodulph eldest son to Lewis the second Electour and Counte Palatine of the Rhijn His younger brother Lewis succeeded in the Dukedome of Bavaria created afterwards Roman Emperour from whom the present Dukes of Bavaria are descended Adolph surnamed the Simple Electour Coute Palatine of the Rhiin eldest son to Rodulph His younger brother Robert Rodolph were also stiled Electours a chiefe cause of his surname of Simple Rupert son to Adolph the Simple Electour Counte Palatine of the Rhijn Rupert the second son to Rupert the first Hee was afterwards created Roman Emperour Lewis the third surnamed with the beard son to the Emperour Rupert From Stephen of Bipont his younger brother descended the Dukes of Zweibruck or Bipont as also the moderne Electours the house of Lewis the third becomming afterward in Otto-Henry extinguished Lewis the fourth son to Lewis the third Philip son to Lewis the fourth Lewis the fift son to Philip. He dyed without heires Frederique the first son to Philip and brother to Lewis the fift He also dyed without heires Otto-Henry son to Rupert brother to Lewis the fift and Frederique the first the last Electour and Counte Palatine of the Rhijn of the house of Lewis the third deceasing with heires after whom succeeded in Electourship the house of Stephen of Bipont Frederique the third Duke of Zimmeren son to Iohn the secōd son to Iohn the first son to Frederique Earle of Spanheim sonne to Stephen of Bipont son to the Emperour Rupert the house of Lewis the third failing in Otto-Henry in the yeare 1559 succeeding in the Electourship Palatinate He was stiled Frederique the third in regard of Frederique surnamed the Victorious younger son to Lewis the third who although not Electour had notwithstanding vsurped this title in the minority of Philip Electour of whom he was Guardian Lewis the sixt son to Frederique the third Frederique the fourth son to Lewis the sixt governed in his minority by Iohn Casimir Count Palatine of the Rhiin and Knight of the honourable order of the Garter in England son to Frederique the third and brother to Lewis the sixt Frederique the fift son to Frederique the fourth Electour and Count Palatine of the Rhiin chosen King of Bohemia against the Emperour Ferdinand the second whose wife is the most illustrious princesse Elizabeth sister to his Maiestie Charles King of Great Britaine THE LANGRAVE-SHIP OF ELSATS THis tooke the name from the river Ill the chiefe of the country The State was begun in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third the first Lantgraue after Irenicus being one Theodoric In the raigne of the Emperour Frederique the second the male succession of these Lantgraues failing by meanes of daughters it became divided betwixt Albert the second Earle of Habspurg Albert Earle of Hohenburg Lewis Earle of Ottingen The Earle of Hohenburg shortly after vpon the marriage of Anne his daughter vnto Rodulph afterwards Emperour son to Albert the second Earle of Habspurg surrendred his part vnto that familie By this meanes the house of Habspurg afterwards of Austria became seazed of two parts hereof contayning now the vpper Elsats the Free Cities excepted The rest comprehēding at this day the lower Elsats the Earle of Ottingen sold vnto the Bishop of Strasburg whose Successours now hold the same vsurping the title of Lant-graues of Elsats The
Bremgarten aunciently likewise belonging to the house of Habspurg and Austria surprised with Bremgarten Baden by the Confederate Switzers in their warres against the Archduke Frederique obeying now likewise the eight first Cantons The Free Provinces in Wagenthall THese are certaine castles townes thus named below Lucern the chiefe whereof are Meyenberg and Richensee vpon the riuer Russ the Lake Richensee They were also once subiect to the Archdukes of Austria in the aforesaid warres of the Switzers against the Archduke Frederique surprised and taken from that house by the Canton of Lucerne They are commaunded now by the seuen first Cantons Rapperswyl IT is a towne vpon the Lake of Zurich the seate sometimes of the Earles thus named from whom it descended vpon the Princes of Habspurg and Austria Vnder the Archduke Sigismond in the yeare 1458 it was surprised by the Cantons of Vren Switz Vnderwald and Glarona obeying euer since the joint authority of these 4 confederate Switzers Turgow IT is a country bordering vpon the Rhijn called thus from the riuer Thur. It sometimes also was subiect for the most part to the Princes of the house of Austria wonne herefrom by the seuen first Cantons in their warres against the Archduke Sigismond in the yeare 1460. It obeyeth now the seuen first Cantons the towne of S i Gal and the parts belonging to the Abbots of S t Gal and Rinou and to the Bishops of Constance excepted The right notwithstanding of iudicature in criminall causes for the part of the Switzers appertaineth iointly to all the ten first Confederates taken first from the Archduke Frederique by the Emperour Sigismond pawned to the city of Constance and vpon the peace betwixt the Emperour Maximilian the first and the Switzers in the conclusion of the Suevian warre and in the yeare 1499 yeelded vp to the ten first Cantons The Country and towne of Sargans THese were the Sarunetes of Pliny part of the Rhaeti Alpestres Aunciently they obeyed the Countes of VVerdenberg Earles likewise hereof In the yeare 1483 George Earle of Werdenberg and Sargans sold these to the seuen first Cantons who now in this right iointly command the same The Prefectourship of Rheineck THis bordereth vpon the left shore of the Rhiin aboue the Lake of Constance It containeth the towne of Rheineck whereof we name it the seate of the Governour Alstetten a valley of the Alpes extended towards VVerdenberg It aunciently belonged to the Archdukes of Austria After sundry changes of the Lords thereof it was sold to the inhabitants of Appenzel taken afterwards from them during their warres with the Abbot of S. Gal by the 4 Cantons of Zurich Lucern Switz and Glarona then confederate with the Abbot It now iointly is commaunded by the seuen first Cantons together with the Canton of Appenzel Locarno IT is a town in the borders of Italy vpō the Lake Maggiore It belonged aunciently to the Dukes of Milan In the yeare 1513 by Maximilian Sfortia it was giuen to the 12 first Cantons with the Vale of Magia and the townes of Lugano and Mendrisio in recompence of their good service done vnto him against the French chased out of Italy and his Dukedome of Milan chiefly by their aide confirmed vnto them by the succeeding Dukes It is now governed by the ioint commaund of the 12 first Cantons Appenzel excluded not admitted into their confederacie vntill after this gift The Vale of Magia IT is a valley of the Alpes Lepontiae named thus from the riuer Magia running thorough the valley and receiued into the Lake Maggiore at Locarno It was sometimes likewise subiect to the Dukes of Milan belonging to Locarno made now a distinct Prefectourship By the aforesaid gift of Maximilian Sfortia it came to the 12 first Cantons commaunded now iointly by them Lugano THe towne is situated vpon the Lake thus called in the same borders of Italy It also sometimes belonged to the Dukes of Millan by Maximilian Sfortia giuen to the 12 first Cantons now the Lords thereof Mendrisio IT lyeth vpon the Lake of Lugano belonging sometimes to that town made now a seuerall goverment By Maximilian Sfortia with Lugano Locarno and the vale of Magia it was giuen to the 12 first Cantons now possessed by them The countrie of Belinzano THis contayneth three prefectureships of Belinzano Palenser-tal and Riviera The towne is situated vpon the river Tesino betwixt the head thereof and the Lake Maggiore The whole sometimes belonged to the Earles of Masox sold by them to the Cantons of Vren and Vnderwald about the yeare 1422 surprised by the Dukes of Milan lastly delivered in the yeare 1500 by the inhabitants to the Canton of Vren during the warres betwixt those Dukes the Frenchmen It now obeyeth the three first confederate Cantons of Vren Switz and Vnderwald commaunding by course in the three severall prefectureships The Kingdome of VVest-France THis Kingdome was begun in the person of Charles surnamed the Bauld yongest son vnto the Emperour Lewis the godly whose portion or share it was in that vnprovident devision of the French dominions made betwixt him his brethren Lotharius and Lewis It was devided from the kingdomes of Lorraine Burgundy or the share of the Emperour Lotharius by the rivers of the Scheld and the Rhosne contayning the whole France lying vpon the West of those rivers vnto the Pyrenaean Mountaines and the Aquitanique French British Oceans Bretaigne only excepted By Charles the Bauld the first prince Burgundy on this side the Soasne comprehending now the Dukedome of Burgundy the countrey of Lionois were added to this kingdome devision By King Iohn Daulphiny By Lewis the eleaventh the Earledome of Provence By Francis the first Bretaigne by which meanes the kingdome became this way enlarged vnto the river Soasne and the Alpes On the other side by Henry the second and the league of Cambray the Earledomes of Flanders and Artois aunciently held of the crowne were quitted from all homage and right hereof vnto Philip the second King of Spaine and the heires of the house of Burgundy The Kingdome of France AT this day the name and posterity of the French worne out in all other parts of the auncient French dominions and the distinction of West-France abolished this now only retaineth the name of France The order of the Kings of West-France or France follow Charles surnamed the Bauld the founder of the kingdome youngest son to the Emperour Lewis the Godly Hee was afterwards created Roman Emperour and deceased in the yeare 857. Lewis the first surnamed the Stammerer son to Charles the Bauld He was also Roman Emperour Hee dyed without lawfull heires Charles the Simple his onely legitimate son not being borne vntill after his decease In regard of this defect the Empire of the Romans became translated from the Kings of West-France vnto the Kings of Germany of the house of Charles the Great Lewis the second Carloman naturall sons to the Emperour Lewis
great plentie of cattell sent over the kingdome It affordeth likewise mines of yron Chiefer townes are Chasteau-roux vpon the riuer Indre Chatres vpon the Indre nere Limousin Chasteau-Meillant Argenton vpon the riuer Creuse Issoudun vpon the riuer Theo. Viarron or Viarzon most pleasantly seated amongst woods vines and rivers neere vnto the meetings of the riuers Arnon Cher Theo and Eure. Mehun vpon the riuer Yeure Bourges Avaricum of Caesar Varicum of Ptolemie and civitas Biturigum of Antoninus an Arch-bishops sea Bailliage Seige Presidiall and a noted Vniversitie more especially for the civil laws founded by king Lewis is the Ninth perfected by Charles Duke of Berry brother to Lewis the Eleaventh the chiefe towne of the country situated in a low flat amongst deepe impassible bogs and marishes and the rivers of Yeure Auron Aurette and Molon The citty is large rich and of great state strong in regard of its situation and artificial meanes of fortification a sure fastnesse and the best hold of king Charles the seaventh in his hard warres against the English Dun-le-roy vpon the riuer Auron Mont-Faulcon Sancerre a strong towne situated vpon the top of an high hill vnder the which runneth the riuer Loire memorable in the late ciuill warres for a desperate and long siege holding for the Protestants in the raigne of Charles the ninth Concressaut vpon the river Sauldre The castle hereof is very strong and magnificently built Berry anciently were the Bituriges of Caesar the Bituriges Cubi of Strabo Plinie and Ptolemie the Biturices of Antoninus BOVRBONOIS HAving vpon the West Berry vpon the North Nivernois vpon the East the Dukedome of Burgundie and vpon the South Auvergne Townes here of better note are Moulins the Bailliage and the chiefe of the country vpon the riuer Allier esteemed the center or middle of France Bourbon l' Archambaud naming the country seated vpon the Loire in a deepe hollow bottome surrounded with hils in regard of the hot medicinable bathes thereof much resorted vnto from all the parts of France Bourbonois were the Boij of Plinie following out of Germany the Helvetians in their warres against the Romanes and after their overthrow planted by Caesar in these parts belonging then to the Hedui at the request hereof FOREST BOunded with Bourbonois vpon the North vpon the West with Auvergne vpon the South with Velay part of Languedoc and vpon the East with Beau-iolois The country is large and populous but not so fruitfull hilly and mountainous covered with shady woods chiefly of firres Chiefer townes here are Feurs Forum Segusianorum of Ptolemy situated vpon the Loire and giuing the name to the country Mombrison the chiefe towne seated vpon the same riuer S. Gaulmier S. Estienne de Furian vpon the Loire neerer to the head thereof Forest more anciently were the Segutiani of Caesar the Segusiani of Strabo and Ptolemy the Secusiani of Plinie clients in the time of Caesar to the Hedui BEAVIOLOIS LYing betwixt Forest and Lionois named thus from the castle of Beauiou pleasantly seated as the name importeth vpon the brow of a rising mountaine the onely place here of note Beau-jolois and Forest are by Merula accompted within Bourbonois by Chesne in Lionois They belong to the resort or Seneschaussee of Lions LIONOIS HAving Beau-iolois Forest Auvergne vpon the West vpon the North Charrolois vpon the East la Bresse part sometimes of Savoy and vpon the South Daulphinie and Languedoc The country is plaine and very fruitfull and pleasant Chiefer townes are Mascon Castrum Matisconense of Antoninus a Bishops sea giving the name to the part of the country called from hence le pais Masconnois situated vpon the Soasne Lyon Lugdunum of Caesar Strabo Pliny and Ptolemy and civitas Lugdunensis of Antoninus in his catalogue of the citties and provinces of Gaule then a famous Romance colony naming the province Lugdunensis founded by L. Munatius Plancus governour of the Province now an Arch-bishops sea a Seneschaussee seated at the confluence of the rivers Soasne and the Rhosne It hath alwaies held the second place amongst the citties of Gaule and France through its commodious situation vpon the Rhosne Soasne and neighbourhood to the Dutch and Italians become at this day the most populous rich and flourishing Empory of the kingdome beautified with faire and stately buildings and honoured with an ancient Vniversitie for the Canon and Civill lawes Lionois was anciently part of the Hedui after Ptolemie otherwise of the Segusiani according to Strabo Plinie clients to the Hedui AVVERGNE HAving vpon the East Forrest and Lionois vpon the North Berry and Bourbonois vpon the West Limousin Perigort and Quercy and vpon the South Velay and Gevaudan parts of Languedoc It is divided into the Lower Auvergne or Limaigne and the Higher Auvergne Limaigne or the Lower Auvergne is extraordinarily fruitfull and happy The other is wholy mountainous dry rockie and barren Chiefer townes in Limaigne are Mont-Pensier whereof are named the Dukes of Mont-Pensier Rions the Seneschaussee of Limaigne Mont-Ferrant Clermont a Bishops sea and the chiefe towne situated amongst brooks rivulets descending from the neighbouring mountaines of the Higher Auvergne At Gergoie a neighbouring village sometimes stood the citty Gergovia of Caesar and Strabo civitas Arvernorum of Antoninus In the Higher Auvergne S. Flour a Bishops sea and the chiefe towne of the division seated vpon the top of a steepe and high rocke Aurillac a Seneschaussee vpon the river Iourdain defended with a strong Castle standing vpon an high rocke Beauregarde another Seneschaussee vpon the river Gardon Limaigne or the Seneschaussee of Rions is of the resort of the Parliament of Paris The Seneschaussees of the Higher Auvergne belong to the Parliament of Bourdeaux The more remarkeable mountainous tops of the Higher Auvergne are le Poye de Dome not farre from Clermont yeelding plenty of most excellent medicinable Simples Les Montaignes de Cantal in regard of their height couered all the yeare long with snowe Le Mont de Come shaded with woods and trees and affording good pasturages and Le Mont d' Or the mother of the great riuer Dordonne and of sundry medicinable bathes both of hot and cold waters much resorted vnto from all parts by sicke diseased persons Both the Auvergnes with Nivernois were the Arverni of Livie Caesar Ptolemie Strabo Plinie and Antoninus THE PARLIAMENT OF BOVRDEAVX COntaining the countries of Limousin Perigort and Guienne with Albret Agennois and Condommois parts of Gascoigne LIMOVSIN BOunded vpon the South South-East with Bourbonois vpon the North and North East with Berry vpon the North-West with Poictou and vpon the West and South-West with Perigort The country is hilly mountainous healthie inioying a free and pure ayre but not so fruitfull The inhabitants are a sober and wise people painefull frugall and very moderate in their diet vnlesse for bread whereof they are such
with the riuer Rhosne whereby it is diuided from Lionnois and Languedoc vpon the South with Provençe vpon the North with La Bresse the Rhosne also comming betwixt and vpon the East with Savoye and the Alpes It comprehendeth the Higher and the Lower Daulphinie The Higher is altogether mountainous stony and barren neighbouring to the Alpes with whose branches it is overrun The Lower Daulphinie is more plaine tolerably fruitfull coasting along the Rhosne Chiefer townes here are Briançon Brigantio of Antoninus neere vnto the head of the Durançe naming the country Briançonnois Embrun Ebreduno of Antoninus the Metropolis then or chiefe citty of the Province of the Alpes Maritmae now a Archbishops sea and siege Presidiall and the chiefe towne of the Higher Daulphinie containing 7 Parishes seated in a pleasant vally surrounded with mountaines vpon an high rocke vnder the which runneth the Durançe The hilly country hereof is now called from hence Le Pais Ambrunois adiudged to be the highest part of France S. Antoni de Tricastin Ciuitas Ricartinorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea The country hereof were the Tricastini of Pliny the Tricasteni of Ptolemy Gap ciuitas Apencensium of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Seneschaussee at the foot of the mountaine Le Col de Digo the chiefest towne in those hilly parts after Embrun giuing the name to the part of the country called from hence Le Pais Gapinçois the Appencenses of Antoninus Die Ciuitas Decensium Dia Vocontiorū of Ant. now a Bishops sea vpō the riuer Drosne naming Le Pais Diois part sometimes of the Vocontij These all lye in the Higher Daulphinie In the Lower Daulphinie Grenoble ciuitas Gratianopolitana of Antoninus Accusianorum Colonia of Ptolemy and Gratianopolis of Sidonius and Paulus Diaconus a Bishops sea and the Parliament and chiefe citty of Daulphinie vpon the riuer Isere The towne is large populous and beautified with faire buildings The country hereabouts were parte of the Cauari of Ptolemy Romans vpon the Isere nere vnto the cōfluence therof of the Rhosne Valence Valentia of Pliny Ptolemy and Ciuitas Valentinorum of Antoninus then a Roman Colony now a Bishops sea Presidialitie Vniversitie for the civill lawes situated vpō the Rhosne The towne is rich strong well traded giuing the name to the country called from hence Le Pais Valentinois anciently probably more largely extended the Segalauni of Ptolemy the Valentini of Antoninus part of the Cavares of Plinie Vienne Vienna of Strabo Mela Ptolemie and Ammianus Marcellinus the chiefe Citty after Strabo of the Allobroges afterwards of the Province called from hence Viennensis and the seat of the Praetorio-Praefectus or the supreame Roman Magistrate commanding Gaule Vnder the French it became an Earledome whereof were entituled the house of the Daulphins It is now an Archbishops sea and Presidialitie vpon the Rhosne the chiefe towne of Le Pais Viennois part of the Allobroges of Caesar Livie Strabo and others THE PARLIAMENT OF DIION COntaining the Dukedome of Burgundie with the little countries of Bresse Breugey Verromey and Gex in the yeares 1600 and 1601 partly conquered by Henry the fourth French king from Charles Duke of Savoy and partly receaued from him in exchange for the Marquisate of Salusses LA BRESSE c. THese were lately part of Savoy They lye betwixt the rivers of the Soasne and Rhosne where these grow straighter together proceeding towards their confluence They are bounded vpon the South and West with Daulphinie and Lionnois and vpon the other sides with Savoy and the Dukedome of Burgundie The country is champian fruitfull and pleasant commended for excellent wines The only place of note is Bourg en Bresse the chiefe towne of La Bresse defended with a strong citadell commanding the country La Bresse was part of the Segusiani before mentioned LA BOVRGONGNE LA Bourgongne or the Dukedome of Burgundie for thus it is distinguished from the other Burgundie which is the Countie hath vpon the South La Bresse and Charrolois vpon the West Bourbonois vpon the North Champaigne and vpon the East Savoy and the Free county of Burgundy The country is most pleasant fruitfull and happy affording plenty of most excellent wines Chiefer townes are Tournus a strong towne vpon the Soasne wherewith it is encompassed in a fertill soile abounding with most perfect wines Here flourisheth a rich Abbey castle-wise defended with strong walls and fortifications the chiefe of sundry other Monasteries of this Province and in Daulphinie Auvergne Poictou Bretaigne and other parts of France Beaulne vpon the river Bursoize seated in a plentifull and fat soile yeelding the best wines of the kingdome The towne is very strong besides its other defences secured with an impregnable castle built by king Lewis the twelfth In the country hereof farre immersed within darke thicke woods lyeth the great Monastery of Cisteaux founded in the yeare 1098 by Otho the second Duke of Burgundie the chiefe of some 2160 other Monasteries of both sexes in the Christian world besides the military orders of Calatrava Alcantara Avis and Montesa in Spaine subiect to the discipline and rule hereof Austun Augustodunum of Ptolemie and Mela and civitas Eduorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage giving the name to the particular countrie of Authunois seated vpon the river Arroux at the foot of the Mountaines of Cenis The towne now is meane chiefly beautified with some faire Churches which it yet sheweth left markes of its ancient greatnesse and splendour Chalon Cabullinum of Strabo Caballinum of Ptolemie Castrum Gaballionense of Antoninus and Cavillonium of Caesar a Bishops sea and a Bailliage vpon the Soasne Auxone vpon the Soasne Dijon a Bishops sea and the Parliament and chiefe citty of La Bourgongne vpon the rivers Suson and Ousche in a plain country most fruitfull in corne and wines The towne is large faire populous and strongly fortified containing 12 parishes the place of residence of the governour of the Province Without vpon the hills stand two strong castles the one whereof called La Talente is kept by a garrison of souldiers the better to secure the towne Nuys situated betwixt Dijon and Beaulne conjectured from the name to haue beene founded by the Nuithones a part of the ancient Burgundians Flavigny Semur the Bailliage of the hilly country of Auxois divided into the parts Le Bourg Le Don-Ion and Le Chasteau all three severally fenced with walls the two last whereof serue as strong Citadels to guard the rest mounted vpon steepe and precipitious rocks and cliffes wherewith they are environed Not farre from hence where is the village Alize stood sometimes the strong towne of Alesia the seat of warre of Vercingetorix and the Gaules against Caesar and the Romans Avalon Aballon of Antoninus then the station of the 16 Romane Legion These from Semur lye in the particular countrie of Auxois the Mandubij of
Caesar part of the Edui Bourbon-Lancy vpon the top of an high mountaine defended with a strong castle At the foot of the hill lyeth the lesser towne of S. Ligier affording medicinable Bathes both of hot and cold waters preferred by king Henry the Third before all others of the kingdome La Bourgongne with Lionnois anciently were the Hedui of Caesar Strabo and Mela the Aedui of Ptolemie and the Edui of Antoninus honoured by the Romans with the title of their Allies and Confederates the chiefe people of the nation of the Celtae contending for a long time with the Arverni and Sequani for the principalitie of the Gaules whose quarrells occasioned afterwards the conquest of Gaule Comata or of the further Gaule lying North of the Mountaines Cemmeni by Caesar the Romans Auxerre Antissiodorum of Antoninus in his Itinerary then the Mansion of the 22 Legion of the Romans and civitas Antisiodorum in his Catalogue of the citties of Gaule now a Bishops sea and Bailliage naming Le Pais Auxerrois Nevers Noviodunum of Caesar and Nivernium of Antoninus in his Itinerary and the way betwixt Augustodunum and Paris a strong towne vpon the Loire neere vnto the confluence thereof and of the river Allier the seat of the Dukes of Nevers and naming the particular country now called Nivernois These two townes are accounted in La Bourgongne but belong vnto the Resort of the Parliament of Paris Auxerre is numbred otherwise by Andre du Chesne amongst the townes of Champaigne CHARROLOIS THe country is little named thus from the towne of Charroles It is situated betwixt the rivers of the Loire and the Soasne having vpon the North the Dukedome of Burgundy vpon the West Bourbonois and Forest vpon the South Beau-jolois and Lionnois and vpon the East La Bresse It belonged anciently to the Dukes of Burgundie whose eldest sons were still named Earles of Charrolois With La Bourgongne surprised and detained by Lewis the Eleuenth and the succeeding French kings it was for a long time controversed betwixt them and the kings of Spaine heires of the house of Burgundy after long warres by king Henry the second following the agreement of the League of Cambraye restored to Philip the second king of Spaine It is now held by the house of Burgundy and Austria but vnder the fief of the French kings subiect in matters of iudicature to the Parliament of Dole in the County of Burgundy whither the inhabitants make their appeale BEARN LYing at the foot of the Pyrenaean Mountaines betwixt these and the countries of Begorre and Baionne named thus from the towne Benearnum of Antoninus now Orthes The soile is fat and rich as well amongst the mountaines as in the plaine country affording good pasturages and plenty of cattaile corne flaxe hempe butter cheese and in some parts perfect wines not yeelding to the best in France Here are likewise sundry springs of hot medicinable waters Chiefer townes are Pau the Parliament or supreame Court of iudicature of the country and the seate of the Princes before their vnion with France beautified with a stately Palace built by Henery d' Albret K. of Nauarre Lord of Bearn Lescar a Bishops sea the more auncient seat of the Princes remoued afterwards to Pau. Oleron â—uro of Antoninus in his Itinerary and way betwixt Caesar-Augusta and Benearnum now a Bishops sea mounted on the toppe of an high hill in the more high and mountainous part of Bearn Orthes after Ios. Scaliger Benearnnm of Antoninus in his Itinerary and the way before mentioned and Ciuitas Beranensium and Benainas in his Catalogue of the citties and Provinces of Gaule and Benarnum of Gregory of Tours in his 9 booke giuing the name to the country Navarrins at the foot of the Pyrenaean Mountaines a well fortified towne The country of Bearn was part of the Province Nouem-populonia of Ant. Novempopulana of Rufus Festus and Novem-populi of Ammianus Marcellinus The Princes hereof are absolute Lords not subiect to the checke fief of others with the right of Nauarre not long since by Henry the fourth vnited in the house and succession of the French kings THE ILANDS OF FRANCE THe Ilands belonging to this continent and subiect to the Crowne of France are neither many or of any great note or worth In the sea Mediterranean lye the Iles d' Ere 's the Staechades of Ptolemy against Provenâ—ce betwixt Friuls and Toulon Les Pomegues against Marseilles L' Anguillade against the mouth of the riuer Rhosne probably Blascon of Ptolemy Maguelone against the province of Languedoc Without the Straights in the Westerne Ocean the Ilands d' Oleron and de Re against Xaintogne and Rochelle Belle-Isle against Bretaigne and the towne of Vannes Here are likewise the Ilands of Iersay Garnsay and Alderney lying against Le Pais Constantin in Normandy appertaining to this account but subiect to the kings of Great Bretaigne being part of their ancient and hereditary Dutchy of Normandy and incorporated now with the Crowne of of England belonging to the relation and description of that kingdome OF THE STATE OF EVROPE The XI Booke COntaining the present bounds situation and qualitie of Germany The inhabitants Their Character or description languages religion Bishops and Cleargie The sacrilegious vsurpation and iniuries done to the Church by the Lay Princes The manner of the civill goverment The Prince His authority titles and maner of succession The King of the Romans The generall Diets and States of the Empire Their authority and power The Imperiall Courts and Circles A short survey of the imperfections and disorders of the vast vnweildie and ill-vnited body of the German Empire The parts or provinces subiect or more properly belonging to the Empire GERMANIE THE name of the Germans to omit other more vnlikely Etymologies Strabo deriveth from the Latin word Germani which signifieth brethren or men of the same kindred or of a like nature and disposition first giuen vnto them by the Romans in regard of their similitude with the neighbouring Gaules as in colour and shape of body so in maners and custome of living For the name otherwise in the time of Tacitus was but new and lately invented being anciently called only by the appellations of the many nations inhabiting the countrey The Land is bounded vpon the West with Switzerlandt France the Lowe Countries and with the part of the German Ocean intercepted betwixt the falls of the rivers Eems and Eydore vpon the North with Denmarke and the Sea Baltique vpon the East with Poland Prussen and Hungarie and vpon the South with the Alpes and Italie Chappuys accompteth the length hereof to bee 840. Italian miles measuring onely betwixt the Rhijn and the Wixel and the breadth from the towne of Brixen in Tirol vnto the Ocean at 745 of the same miles It lieth betwixt the 22 and 45 degrees of Longitude accompting from the Meridian by the Açores and the 45 20 60 and 54 48 60 degrees
of Northerne Latitude or betwixt some 51 minutes on this side of the 15 or middle paralel of the sixt clime where the longest day hath 15 houres and an halfe and the 19 minute beyond the 21 or middle paralel of the 9 clime where it hath 17 houres It is therefore wholy seated in the Northerne halfe-part of the Temperate Zone and is for this cause much colder then the more Southerne parts before described yet of a more liuely and healthie temperature and more potent for generation bringing forth men cattell and plants whereof it is well capable in farre more abundance and of greater strength and larger proportion then the other the fatall nursery of those numberlesse swarmes of barbarous nations overwhelming the Roman Empire and new peopling the provinces of the West The soile is very fruitfull the mountainous parts of the Alpes Schwartzwald Otten-wald and other wild reliques of the old Hercynian forest excepted The Country is large and exceedingly populous stored with infinite Cities the best and fairest for any one Province in the world what by meanes of the industrie of the inhabitants and through the commodity of the situation thereof standing in the heart and center of Europe the ordinary way of all the merchandise and riches of the neighbouring Provinces The more happy parts are the Southerne betwixt the river of Meine and the Alpes yeelding plenty of very excellent wines especially the tract of the Rhijn of which the other is destitute The Northerne is generally more plaine but worse inhabited and accompted lesse fruitfull chiefly towards the Wixell and the Sea Baltique yet abounding in corne with other of the East-lands the garner and storehouse of Holland and the Lowe Countries and in time of dearth of Italie Spaine and of other countries The chiefer commodities which are transported from hence are Corne and Wines whereof these growe onely in the Southerne parts the other more abundantly in the Northerne It aboundeth also with all sorts of mettals as of Iron Lead Brasse and of other baser sorts so of Silver which the mines of Meissen Bohemia and Tirol doe very plentifully yeeld Salt is here in a sufficient quantity as boiled out of Salt springs so minerall extracted out of the earth It affordeth also store of Saffron in the vpper Austria and Bavaria as it doth of woolls in the land of Hessen of extraordinary finesse for those transmarine regions The ancient inhabitants hereof were the Rhaeti Vindelici Norici with parts of the PaÌ„nonij possessing the whole tract exteÌ„ded betwixt the Danow and the Alpes the Menapij Treveri Mediomatrices Lenci Vbij Eburones Nemeti Vangiones Triboci Raâ—raci and Sequani parts of Gaule Belgique and inhabiting the Westerne shore of the Rhijn the Germans contained anciently within the Rhijn the Danow the Wixel and the Ocean the Scâ—avi or Winithi succeeding in the left roomes of the Germans flitting into the Westerne Roman Provinces taking vp the moitie hereof contained betwixt the rivers Elb and Saltza the Wixel and the Sea Baltique the Huns Avares Lombards and Hungarians successiuely intruding amongst the Pannonij The rest of the Barbarians subdued and driuen out by this more strong and mighty nation the whole are now accompted and knowne only by the name of Germans The moderne Germans are commonly of a tall stature square and bigge by complection phlegmatique or rawe sanguine or where moisture hath the dominion over heat of haire yellow or light browne strong and thicke hauing great bones and much flesh with large ioints nerues and sinewes but for want of heat not so firmely knit neither abounding with such store of quicke and nimble spirits as might sufficiently weild so great a masse of body being for this cause of a dull and heavy disposition fitter to resist then execute and strong rather with a weighty sway of flesh then otherwise They are by nature plaine and honest simple without any mixture of deceipt haters of impostures and base dealing religious chast laborious constant stiffe or rather opinatiue and obstinate as suspitious of their owne weaknesse and hating to be circumvented rough or rather rude and vncivill in their carriage but nothing dangerous not notably giuen to any vice drunkennesse excepted common herevnto and to all the Northerne Nations not so much by ill habit and custome as by naturall inclination caused whither by a sympathie of their moister bodies or through a vehement appetite of their hotter stronger digesting and throat-scorching stomackes intended by their cold In handy-crafts and mechanicall inventions they haue alwaies much excelled the first inventers of Gunnes Gun-powder Printing Clocks strange water-works and other wittie devises to the no lesse benefit then admiration of the world In warres at this day they are not so well accompted firme and constant in their order but slowe and heavy better to receaue then to giue a charge and to fight a battaile in the open field then to assault a Town the ordinary warfare of those times fearefull dull and for this cause against dangers often mutinous as loath to haâ—ard subiect to disrout by false alarums and sudden feares and being once broken not easily brought to rally and gather head againe The languages here spoken are the French in Savoy Lorraine Luick and the Free county of Burgundie the Sclavonian amongst the Bohemians and Moravians and in some parts of Lausâ—its about the Elb and the High Dutch common in a maner to the whole province What was the ancient Religion of the nation see Tacitus in his description hereof The first who here preached the Gospell was S t Thomas surnamed Didimus if Dorothaus may be credited an author somewhat ancient but whose truth hath alwaies beene suspected The Magdeburgenses in their first Century and 2 booke and chapter muster vp S t Egistus one of the 70 Disciples of our blessed Saviour preaching at Bardewick vpon the river Elmenow nere Lunenburg S t Lucius of Cyrene in Rhaetia and Vindelicia S t Mark at Laureacum amongst the Norici S t Crescens at Ments S t Clemens at Mets and S t Maternus and Eucharius at Colen and Triers with others from the relations of Henricus de Erphordia Aventinus the Liues of the Bishops of the Tungri and some Histories of the Saints later authors or vncertaine and not backed with the authorities of more ancient Irenaeus of of much better authority liuing in the raigne of the Emperour Antoninus Verus and yeare 170 in his 1 booke and 3 chap. contra Haereses maketh mention of the German Churches but without naming their Apostles That Christianity during those primitiue times had taken good root in the parts lying without the Rhijn wee more certainely gather from the Catalogue and names of Bishops in the first Councell of Arles held about the yeare 326 and in the raigne of Constantine the Great where we finde mention of Maternus Bishop of Colen and Agritius of Trier but more manifestly from the Councell of Colen had in the
Auspurg a peace of Religion is established not without much rancour and iealousies still obserued vnto this day Shortly after Luther in the yeare 1519 Zwinglius a Canon of Zurich moued through the same impostures and absurdities began another reformation in Zwitzerland followed afterwards by the reverent Calvin in Geneva amending some things in the Churches hereof which the other omitted the occasion of the names and reformations of the Zwinglianists and Calvinists besides Great Britaine France Ireland and the Low-Countries where the Reformed are all of this profession spreading fast and gathering ground in this country to the no small grievance and discontent of both the other Religions There are then now fower different names of Religions here openly professed and allowed of the Romish pretended Catholiques the Zwinglianists Caluinists and Lutherans whereof the three latter consenting in the maine grounds and in opposition to the first are otherwise all called by the generall name of Protestants a name begun first amongst the Lutherans giuen vnto them vpon occasion of the Protestation of their Princes and States made against the decree of Spire enacted in the yeare 1529 praejudiciall to their cause communicated afterwards to the other two The Zwinglianists and Calvinists differ only in name whose doctrine is the same with ours They containe the Reformed amongst the Zwitzers and in High Germanie the Electour Palatine of the Rhijn the Electour and Marquesse of Brandenburg the Lantgraue of Hessen the Duke of Zweibruck the citties of Strasburg and Bremen with some other Princes and townes of inferiour ranke The Lutherans dissent from the Calvinists and Zwinglianists in the points of the Eucharist Praedestination and Freewill a cause of much vnseemely heat betwixt the sides They are the greatest number prevailing especially in the Northerne parts amongst whom of chiefer note are the Electour and Dukes of Saxonie the Dukes of Brunswijck Wirtenburg Lunenburg Lawenberg Mecklenburg and Pomeren together with the most part of the Free Citties The Papists are accounted by some to be the sixt part of the whole after others to haue beene a twelfth part Amongst these of more eminent sort are the Emperour and house of Austria but whose subiects especially in Austria and Bohemia are for their greatest number Protestants the Dukes of Lorraine Savoy and Bavaria the three Spirituall Electours with the other Bishops yet remaining The Ecclesiasticall dignities since the time of Luther are partly here yet retained by the Cleargie partly detained by Lay vsurpers Of these were sometimes reckned 6 Metropolitane or Archbishops seas 39. Bishoppricks 20 Priories and 124 Abbeyes of both sexes Their Bishops with their Archbishops follow Vnder Mentz the Bishops of Strasburg Spire Worms Wurtzburg Auspurg Constance Chur Aisâ—ett Halberstat Hildeshaim Paderborn and Ferden vnder Colen the Bishop of Munster Osenburg Minden Liege and Vtreicht in the Low Countries vnder Trier the Bishops of Metz Toul and Verdun vnder Meydburg the Primate of the kingdome the Bishops of Meissen Mersburg Naumburg Brandenburg and Havelburg vnder Saltzburg the Bishops of Regensburg Passaw Frisingen Trent Brixen Gurck Kempse Seckaw Lavenmundt and Wien and vnder Bremen the Bishops of Lubec Ratzenburg and Suerin The Bishop of Bamberg is exempt from all superiour iurisdiction saving of the Popes Hereof some 25 yet remaine The revenewes of the rest of the Bishoppricks are imployed to other vses or sacrilegiously withheld by the Laity vnder the title of Administratours the vsual preyes of the Princes vpon whom they border or in whose countries they lie the misery most raigning in the Lutheran and Northerne parts and common to the other Cleargie The names of the Abbots Priors and Abbatesses read in the Commentary of Birtius whom for brevitie sake I omit This hath beene the continuall affaire and estate of the Church and Religion Concerning the civill not well knowing by what name to call it it is an aggregate state consisting of almost infinite particulars the chiefes of all which enioy a kinde of absolute goverment in their severall districts executing iustice according to the lawes and customes of their countries with power to coyne monie lay taxes and impositions vpon the people levie Souldiers for the warre with all other rights of maiestie and privileges of Free estates yet alwaies with reference to the Generall state which they call the Empire with whose more soveraigne authority these particulars are checked in whose lawes censures and ordinances they are bound to obey and whether and to the Imperiall Court at Spire held vnder this authority appeale may be made herefrom vnlesse in causes criminall It consisteth of a Prince and the many particular states before mentioned The Prince is called Emperour of the Romans and King of Germanie the latter of which titles was begunne in Lewis the Ancient vnto whose share the province fell with this stile in the division of the French Monarchy amongst the sonnes of the Emperour Lewis the Godly The former title was added by Charles the Fat sonne to the Ancient the onely surviving male issue descended from Charles the Great in whom the dignity was restored lawfull or fit to governe the rest of the posterity hereof being then illegitimate in nonage or failing since for the greater power and swey of the Dutch nation and the quarrells and divisions amongst the French men and Italians continued herein vnto this day His right anciently and during the line of Charles the Great or of the French was haereditarie as afterward in a manner it continued during the raigne of the Saxons By Otho the third the last Prince of the house of Saxonie wanting heires it was made electiue for preuention of forreine claime as well for the Empire as the Kingdome entailed vpon the German nation as euer since it hath remained His authority now is almost onely nominall which hath hapned since and by meanes of his Election they who haue had the right to chuse by little and litle making themselues free depriuing him of all power and deriuing it vpon themselues and the rest of the subordinate states praeseding with great maiesty in the generall assemblyes or diets most sumptuously berobed adorned with the imperiall crowne and scepter and with the names of Caesar and Augustus but without the least reality answearable to so faire a shew the first and immediate command as hath beene before related lying in the particular states and that chiefe or soueraigne of the empire in the Diets without that he can doe any act of iurisdictioÌ„ more then in putting in execution the Imperiall decrees vnlesse in the particular countreys he lordeth ouer or that vpon a common interest aided by one side as not long since hapned vnder the Emperour Charles the fift he can oppresse and beare downe the other The next successour or heire apparent to the Empire is called King of the Romans designed by the Electours The particular or subordinate states are diuided into three different orders of the Princes Electours the Inferior Princes of the imperiall citties
their new Dutch colonies and leaving afterwardes this old name and containing part of Almaigne or Schwaben and Bavaria which names for the greatest part the accompt and language of the Dutch it still hitherto retaineth NORICVM This was situated betwixt the river Inn vpon the VVest the mountaine Cecius vpon the East the river Danow vpon the North intercepted betwixt the hill Cecius and the river Inn and vpon the South part of Pannonia lying vnder that mountainous ridgâ— It containeth now the countries of Saltzburg Karnten Krain and Goretz with part of Tirol the Lower Bauaria and of Austria The ancient inhabitants after Ptolomie were the Sevaâ—es Alaâ—ni Ambisontij Abisontes of Pliny Norici Ambidrauni and Ambilici The citties were Areâ—â—le now Lintz Claâ—divium Claudia of Pliny now Melk Gavanodurum now Brunnau Gesodunum now 〈◊〉 â—adacum now Burckhausen Aguntum Aguntum of Pliny now Inneken Vacorium Pâ—â—dicum Virunum Virunum of Pliny now Iudenburg Teurnia Teurnia of Pliny now â—achstat 〈◊〉 Sianticum Celia Celcia of Pliny now Celi and 〈…〉 now â—illich To these of Ptolomy may be added 〈◊〉 of the Itinâ—â—arie of Antonius Iuvavim Invense of the Notitia Provinciarum now Saltzburg Lâ—uriacâ— Lâ—uriacum of the Notitia now Ens and Ceâ—â—um now Zeisseimaur The country was subdued to the Romans in the raigne of Augustus by Claudius Drusus his son in law parted afterwards into two distinct Prouinces or Iuridicall Resorts of Norieum Ripense coasting along the Danow and comprehending now the parts of Bavaria and Austria whose Metropolis or chiefe towne was Lauriacum and of Noriâ—um Mediterraneum whose Metropolis was Solyum containing the Inland and Mountainous parts now Saltzburg Krain Karnten and Gorecz About the yeare 508 Anastasius being then Emperour of the East with 〈◊〉 part of Rhaetia it was ouerwhelmed with a deluge of the Baâ—arians becoming wholy possessed with their German colonies and language as euer since it hath continued a great part yet retaining from hence the name of Bauarea These two countries are now wholy Dutch accompted by Strabo and Mela parts of ancient Germany but with better iudgement excluded thence by Ptolemy and Tacitus whom I haue herein followed PANNONIA It was bounded vpon the west with the Mountaine Cecius and part of Carvancas vpon the North and East with the Danow intercepted betwixt the Mountaine Cecius and the meetings of the Danow and the river Saw and vpon the South with a line drawne from the VVesterne limit before mentioned by the hils Albanus and Baebij vnto the meetings of the rivers Saw and Danow It was devided into the Higher and the Lower Paâ—nonia The Higher Pannonia was comprehended betwixt the VVesterne limit before described the Danow betwixt the Mountaine Cecius the confluence of this river with the river Narabon now Rab vpon the North a line drawne from the confluence of the rivers Rab and Danow vnto the MouÌ„taines Baebij vpon the East parting it from the Lower Pannonia and vpon the South part of the former described line from the hill Carvancas vnto the Mountaines Baebij It containeth now the rest of the Higher Austria Steirmarck with the part of the Lower Hungary included betwixt the towne of Presburg and Rab. The ancient inhabitants after Ptolemy were the Azali Azali of Plinie Cygni Latovici Latovici of Plinie Verciani Verciani of Pliny Bij Coletiani Iassij Iasi of Pliny the Osseriates Oseriates of Plinie The townes were Iuliobona Vindobona of Antoninus Vindomana of the Author of the Notitia now Wien Carnus Carnuntum of Antoninus and of the author of the Notitia now Presburg Flexum Flexum of the author of the Notitia Bragetium Chertobalus Sala Patavium Poetovia of Autoninus now Petaw Sabaria Sabaria of Antoninus now Leibnitz Rispia Vinundria now Windisch-Gratz Bononia Bononia of Antoninus and of the Author of the Notitia now Bonmonster Andantonium Novidunum Noviodunum of Antoninus now Oedenburg or Neumat Scarabantia Scarabantia of Antoninus Mureola now Mâ—reck Lentudum Carrodâ—num now Carnburg Scissia Sissia of Plinie and Antoninus Syscia of Strabo now Sisseg Oleimacum now Lymbach Valena Bolentium Soroga now Zagabria Sisopa Visâ—ntium Praetorium Magniana and Aemona Aemona of Pliny and Antoninus Vnto these may be added Arabon of Antoninus now Rab. The Lower Pannonia had vpon the West the line before mentioned taken betwixt the Mountaines Boebij and the confluences of the rivers Rab and the Danow vpon the North and East the river Danow from its confluence with the Rab vnto the meeting thereof and the Saw and vpon the South part of the line drawne from the hill Carvancas vnto the confluence of the Saw and the Danow dividing it from Illyricum It containeth now Windischland with the greatest part of the Lower Hungary The inhabitants were the Amanteni Amantes of Plinie Amantini of Rufus Festus betwixt the rivers Saw and Dra now Windischlandt Ercuniates Hercuniates of Plinie Breuci Breuci of Plinie Aravisci Aravisci of Plinie and the Scordisci Scordisci of Plinie The townes were Curta Curta of Antoninus Salva Carpis Aquincum Salinum Lussonium Lussunium of Antoninus and Lussunia of the Author of the Notitia Lugionum Teutoburgium Teutiburgium of Autoninus and Teutiborgus of the Author of the Notitia now Fiffkirchen Cornacum Cornacum of Antoninus and of the Author of the Notitia Acumincum Acumincum of Antoninus and Acimincum of the Author of the Notitia now Cametz Rittium Rittum of Antoninus and Rictum of the Author of the Notitia Taururam Taurunum of Plinie Antoninus and the Author of the Notitia now Greichz-Weissenburg Berbis Serbinum Ivollum Certissa Certisa of Antoninus Mursella Cibâ—lis Marsonia Vacontium Mursia Colonia Mursa of Antoninus now Muroviza Salis Bassiana Tarsium SirmiuÌ„ Sirmium of Strabo Plinie Anâ—oninus of the Author of the Notitia now Sirmisch Strabo addeth to these of Ptolemie the Andizetij Diasnotes Peirâ—stae Mazaei and Daesiata and of townes Segestica Plinie addeth the Serretes Serrapilli Andrizetes Colâ—piani Arivates Belgites Catari and Corneates but in which of the Divisions or Provinces these lay neither distinguish The country was first subdued to the Romans in the yeare of Rome 719 L. Cornificius and Sextus Pompeius being then Consuls rebelling notwithstanding sundry times afterwards and not fully quieted vntill the tumult and insurrection of Bato ended which hapned in the yeares of Rome 759 aud 760 and in the raigne of Augustus Caesar M. Aemilius Lepidus and L. Arruntius and Q. Caecilius Metellus and A. Licinnius Nerva then Consuls divided afterward into foure distinct goverments or Provinces of Pannonia Prima or Superior whose Metropolis or chiefe towne was Sabaria Pannonia secunda or Inferior containing together the greatest part of the two Pannonies before mentioned Valeria containing now Steirmark and of Suavia lying betwixt the Saw and the Dra and comprehending now Windischlandt In the waine of the Roman Empire it vnderwent the fortune of the Provinces of the West troden vnder foot by the
seated vpon the river Martha remarkable for the fate and disaster of Charles surnamed the Fighter the last Duke of Burgundie of the house or name of Valois ouerthrowne and slaine here in a memorable battaile by the ioinct armes of Reâ—ner Duke of Lorraine and of the Switzers S. Nicolas vpon the same riuer founded and occasioned through the superstitious worship of some pretended reliques of S. Nicolas sometimes bishop of Mira in Lycia in the lesser Asia preserued here and thronged vnto from all parts with great deuotion Toal Tullum of Ptolomie and Ciuitas Leucorum and Tullo of Antoninus a Bishops sea and a towne imperiall seated vpon the riuer Moselle The country lying about this towne and Nancy were the Leuci of Strabo Ptolomie and Antoninus the Leuci Liberi of Pliny Metz Diuodurum of Ptolomie and Tacitus and Diuodurum Metis and Ciuitas Mediomatricum of Antoninus the royall seate sometimes of the French kings of Austrasia now a citty Imperiall a Bishops sea rising in a spacious and pleasant plaine at the confluence of the riuers Mosselle and Sora. The auncient inhabitants of the neighbouring country were the Mediomatrices of Strabo and Ptolemie the Mediomatrici of Plinie and Tacitus Verdun Civitas Veredonensium of Antoninus a towne Imperiall and a Bishops sea seated vpon the river Meuse These three last townes haue of late yeares beene surprised by Henry the second and the Frenchmen detained now by this meanes and lopped off from the Dutch Empire and held vnder the French subjection The rest of the country is in a maner wholy subject to the Dukes of Lorraine The language of the inhabitants is the French These three countries although held of the Empire yet at this day come not to the Diets neither obey the Edicts and authority hereof governed by their priâ—ces in nature of soveraigne and absolute states and in regard of their language by the most accompted French THE DIOCESE OF TRIER EXtended along the course of the Moselle from the confines of Lorraine vnto the great river of the Rhijn bounded vpon the other sides with Lutzenburg and Westreich The country is rather pleasant then fruitfull hilly and full of woods rich chiefly in minerals especially of Iron and lead The more fruitfull parts are about the towne of Trier and neere vnto the Rhijn The more wilde and barren lie towardes Lorraine and Lutzenburg The aire for those transmarine parts is very close and rainie moistned by continuall fogs and vapours ascending from the shady wet and vndreyned woodlands and hils hereof Chiefer townes here are Sarbrucken Pons Sarvix of Antoninus a towne Imperiall seated vpon the river Sar neere vnto the meetings thereof with the Moselle and the border of Lorraine Trier Colonia Treuerorum of Tacitus Augusta of Mela Augusta Treuerorum of Ptolemie Augusta Libera of Pliny Treueris of Saluianus Ciuitas Treuerorum of Antoninus the Metropolis then of the first Belgica and residence of the Vicar Generall of Gaule seated vpon the Moselle It is now an Archbishops sea and the chiefe towne of the country subiect to the Bishops Veldentz Trâ—rbach Ceel Beilstein all standing vpon the same river of Moselle Cobolentz Legio Prima Traiana of Ptolemie Confluentes of Antoninus seated at the meeting of the river Rhijn and the Moselle The towne is populous and fairely built belonging to the Electours of Triers The country about it is very pleasant and fertill Vpon the other side of the Rhijn standeth mounted vpon the top of an high hill the strong Castle of Ernbretstein subject to the Bishops and commanding the towne and riuer Boppart Baudobrica of Antoninus and Bodobrica of the Notitia after Birâ—ius one of the 50 Castles erected by Drusus vpon the Rhijn occasioning the towne situated vpon the Rhijn Meien Arburg in the particular country of Eysell The ancient inhabitants hereof were the famous Treveri of Caesar Tacitus Ptolemie and others The country is subject to the Archbishops and Electours of Trier THE BISHOPPRICK OF LVICK BOunded vpon the East with the countries of Gulick and Limburg vpon the South with Lutzenburg and Namur and vpon the West and North with Brabant The country is very healthy and pleasant called by a common proverb the Paradise of Priests for such are the Lordes thereof and in regard of the great number there of Monasteries and religious persons no small part of the inhabitants The more champian and fruitfull parts are those towards the North and Brabant stored with corne and all other necessary provision wines excepted which here grow but in few places The Southerne lying towards France and Lutzenburg are more barren swelling with hills and shady Forrests the remainders of the great Ardenne abounding chiefly with Mineralls especially of Marble of sundrie sorts Sea-coale and Iron of exceeding hardnesse Here are reckned 25 walled townes and 1700 Villages hauing Churches Places of chiefer note are Dinant vpon the Meuse and borders of Hainault Huy vpon the same river towards Namur Luick pleasantly seated amongst sundry streames and rivulets parts of the Meuse wat'ring the many streets hereof the seat and residence of the Bishops and the chiefe towne of the country The citty is faire open and large containing foure Italian miles in compasse and some 32 parishes The Churches here for their number riches and beauty excell all others in both kingdomes of France Germany the Cathedrall whereof is dedicated to S. Lambert the patron of the citty whose Canons are the Bishops Counsellours all nobly descended Doctors or Licentiats Ecclesiasticall partly Secular whereof these later may marry Here are besides 8 Collegiate Churches endowed with great reuenues besides almost infinite Religious houses and Monasteries wherewith the towne seemeth in a manner almost wholy to be peopled Here also yet flourisheth an ancient Vniversity wherein nine sons of Kings 24 of Dukes and 29 of Earles are reported at one time to haue beene students Mastreich vpon the Meuse Of this towne only the one halfe lieth in Luick the rest in Brabant Peer Bissen Hasselt vpon the river Demer Horck S. Truden Borckloe Tongeren civitas Tungrorum of Ptolemie Here flourished in the time of the Romanes an ancient Bishops sea after the invasion and spoile of Attilas and the Huns by whom the towne was sacked and destroied in the yeare 498 by S. Servatius removed vnto Mastreich afterwards in the yeare 713 by S. Hubert vnto Luick where now it resteth Borckworm Francimont Buillon an ancient castle mounted vpon the top of an high hill whereof sometimes was named that famous Godfrey of Buillon Duke of Lorraine and the first of the Latines king of Hierusalem The ancient inhabitants were the Eburones of Caesar and Strabo whose name yet seemeth to be preserved in a little village called Ebure distant about a Dutch mile from Luick The country is wholy subject in matters both temporall and ecclesiasticall to the Bishops of Luick The language hereof is the Wallon a corrupt kinde of
from a towne of that name appertaining to the house of Austria Schaffhuisen vpon the right shore of the Rhijn a towne Imperiall confederate now with the Switzers reckoned amongst their 13 Cantons Here all the vessels descending downe the Rhijn from the Lakes of Cel and Constance are necessarilie vnladed the Rhijn some few miles below in regard of the dreadfull falls and cataracts thereof denying all further passage together with the Monastery here of S. Sauiour founded by the Earles of Nellenburg in the raigne of the Emperour Henry the third occasioning the beginning name and increase of the towne The part of the country here is named Hegow by the natiues populous fruitfull and contained after Munster within the Rhijn the Danow and the Lake of Cel. Neere to Schwartz-wald Waldshut vpon the right shore of the Rhijn in Kleâ—gow a cold barren and mountainous region stored chiefly with woods the best revenue of the inhabitants Schwaben is partly subject to the townes Imperiall before mentioned and partly to the Archdukes of Austria the Bishops of Augspurg and Constance and the Earles of Otâ—ngen Helfestain Furstenberg and other lesser Seculars The ancient inhabitants of the parts lying betwixt the Danow and the Alpes were the Brixantes Sâ—anitae and Calucones parts of the Rhaeti of Ptolemie BAVARIA EXtended on both sides of the 〈◊〉 and bounding vpon the West with Schwaben and Franconia vpon the North with Voitlandt vpon the South with the Alpes of Tirol and vpon the East with Bohemia and Austria It containeth the Palatinate and the Dukedome of Bavaâ—ia THE PALATINATE OF BAVARIA CAlled otherwise the Vpper Palatinate for a distinction from that of the Rhijn named the Lower Palatinateâ— and likewise Nortgow from the more Northerne situation thereof compared with the Dukedome It is bounded vpon the West with Schwaben and Franconia vpon the North with Voitlandt vpon the East with Bohemia and vpon the South with the Dukedome of Bavaria The country is rough and hilly rich chiefly in mineralls of iron Chiefer townes are Nurnberg a citty Imperiall situated in a square forme vpon the riuer Pegnitz neere vnto the borders of Franconia in a wild sandie and barren country part sometimes of the Forest Hercynian and named thus from the neighbouring people of Noricum in that fierce invasion of Attilas and the Huns and the waine of the Westerne Roman Empire retiring within the safer shelters hereof and beginning and occasioning the towne The citty is of great state encompassed with a triple wall strongly garded with all sorts of munition peopled with industrious inhabitants especially for iron workes the inuenters of sundry new excellent mechanicks and by the oportunity of the situation thereof lying in the heart of Germany and Europe greatly resorted vnto by Merchants from all parts the very seat of negotiation and shop of warlike provision governed wholy by the nobilitie and containing eight miles in circuit Weissenburg bordering vpon Schwaben a towne Imperiall Eistet vpon the river Altmul a Bishops sea Kelhaâ—â— at the confluence of the riuers Altmul and Danow Amberg vpon the riuer Vils the best towne belonging to the Palâ—â—graues enriched chiefly by the commodity of iron digged out of the neighbouring hills and partly raw and wrought into sundry sorts of vtensils convaied in great abundance vnto the parts adjoining Napurg vpon the riuer Nab. Pfreimbt vpon the same riuer the residence and chiefe towne of the Lanâ—graues of Luchtenberg Further vp mounted vpon an hill is the castle of Luchtenberg whereof the Lanâ—graues thus named are entitl'd Sultzbach Neuburg vpon the riuer Swartzach whereof are stiled the Princes Palatine of Neuburg of the house of the Electours of the Rhijn C ham vpon the river Regen neighbouring to Bohenia The greatest part of the country belongeth to the house of the Count Palatines of the Rhijn The more ancient inhabitants were the Narisci of Tacitus afterwards the Boioarians or Bavarians their first knowne habitation THE DVKEDOME OF BAVARIA BOunded vpon the North with the Vpper Palatinate vpon the West with Schwaben the riuer Lech vpoÌ„ the with South the Earledome of Tirol vpoÌ„ the East with the Dukedome of Austria It is diuided into the Higher and the Lower Bavaria The higher part adioining to the Alpes is hilly cold and barren yeelding no wines and not much corne seruing rather for pasturage and the fatting of swine feeding vpon the wild fruits hereof The Lower Bavaria is more firtill and better inhabited especially the parts lying neere vnto the riuers Danow and Iser The whole is very thicke with woods seeming one continuate forest some remainders of the old Hercynian The chiefer townes in the Lower Bavaria are Ingolstat vpon the Danow a noted Vniversitie founded in the yeare 1471. by Lewis Duke of Bavaria Regenspurg at the confluence of the riuers Danow Nab and Regen the seat sometimes of the more ancient Dukes of Bavaria now a Bishops sea and a towne Imperiall The citty is faire and large beautified with an infinite number of Churches Chappell 's and other places dedicated to religious vses whose Apostle and first Bishop is reported to haue been S. Mark Disciple to S. Paul Here of later yeares the generall Diets of the Empire haue more ordinarily beene kept The bridge here ouer the Danow is the greatest vpon both riuers hereof and the Rhijn containing 470 paces in length Passaw Boiodurum of Ptolemie and Antoninus and Batava of the author of Notitia then a garrison towne of the Romans the station of a Cohort of the Batavians now a Bishops sea seated at the meetings of the rivers Danow Inn and Ils. The citty through the benefit and commoditie hereof is rich faire and well traded divided into three townes seuered by the rivers of Inhstadt situated vpon the right shore of the river Inn of Passaw lying in a corner or wedge of land betwixt the left shore of the of the Inn and the Danow and of Ihlstadt lying on the farther side of the Danow at the confluence thereof and of the river Ils. Vpon the hill of S. George adioyning vnto Ihlstadt standeth the castle Oberhusen the seat of the Bishop of Passaw the Lord of the towne Landshut a faire towne vpon the Iser seated in a most fruitfull and pleasant part of the country Freisingen mounted vpon an hill vnder the which runneth the river Iser a Bishops sea In the Vpper Bavaria Munchen vpon the Iser the seat of the Dukes of Bavaria The citie is faire large and populous enioying a most sweete and happy situation amongst woods gardens and rivulets In the Dukes palace is a library of 11 thousand volumes the greatest part whereof are manuscripts Landsperg neerer vnto the Alpes of Tirol The most part of the country is subject to the Dukes of Bavaria The more ancient inhabitants were the Vindelici of Florus and others THE BISHOPRICK OF SALTZBVRG LYing amidst the Alpes Iuliae and confined with the Dukedomes of Bavaria
rich in come pasturges hony butter waxe and flaxe Chiefer townes are Barth standing vpon the Ocean and the mouth of the riuer Bartze a rich Empory the seat of the Dukes of Pomeren of Wolgast Straelsundt a well traded Empory vpon the same sea-coast against the Iland Rugen Gripswald vpon the same sea-coast thwart of the same Iland a noted vniuersity Wolgast vpon the same coast of the sea Balticke against the Iland Vsidom Camin a Bishops sea vpon the same shore against the Iland Wollin Colberg at the mouth of the riuer Persandt Dantzag Gdanske or Danske vpon the riuer Weissel named thus from the sea Balticke or the Oster-sche wherevnto it neighboureth called by the more ancient Dutch Cdan Gdan or Dan and corruptly by Mela and the Latines Sinus Codanus The citty is rich populous magnificent and euery way flourishing the second in ranke of the Hanse-townes much frequented by merchants from all parts sometimes Imperiall now gouerned in maner of a free estate vnder the kings of Poland Within the land Coslin vpon the riuer Radnie Griffenberck vpon the Rega Newgarten vpon the Hamersbeck Stargard vpon the Ina. Stettin standing in a square forme vpon the left shore of the Odera the seat of the Dukes of Pomeren of Stettin Dantzig and the more Easterne part adioining vpon the Weissel are subiect to the kings of Poland The rest appertaineth to the Dukes of Pomeren The ancient inhabitants were the Reudigni Rugij Longi-Mani and Longi-Diduni with part of the Burgundiones and Heruli of Tacitus Ptolemy Plinie and others afterwards the Wiltzi Pomerani and Rani parts of the Sclaves Winithi The countries hither from Duringen are accompted parts of the Higher Saxony and comprehend the 8 circle of the Empire THE COVNTRY OF MECKLENBVRG BOunded vpon the East with the Dukedome of Pomeren and the riuer Bartze vpon the South with Brandenburg and Lawenburg vpon the West with Holstein and vpon the North with the Sundt or Sea Balticke The soile is fruitfull and rich in come Chiefer townes are Schwerin a Bishops sea seated in a square forme vpon the South shore of the lake thus named diuided into foure lesser townes VVismar a Hans-towne and a noted port vpon a creeke or inlet of the sea Balticke founded after Krantzius out of the ruines of the great and ancient cittie of Mecklenburg by Gunselin Earle of Schwerin about the yeare 1240 in the raigne of Iohn sirnamed the Diuine Prince of the Obotriti The hauen hereof is deepe and capable of great vessels affording a large and safe road giuing the name to the towne Rostock a Hans-citty and a noted port vpon the riuer Warne neere vnto the fall thereof into the Sundt The towne is large rich and well traded the best vpon the coast of the sea Balticke after Lubeck and Dantzig containing fiue English miles and an halfe in circuit amongst other ornaments commended for an Vniuersity founded by Iohn Duke of Mecklenburg consisting at this day of nine Colleges The houses after the manner of the country are for the most part flat-roofed The Lords hereof are the Dukes of Mecklenburg The ancient inhabitants were parts of the Sideni and Burgundiones of Plinie afterwards the Obotriti Polabi Linguones Warnani Kircani Circipani Rhedarij and Tholenzi parts of the Sclaues Winithi the last people of Germanie conuerted to Christianity forced by cōquest the armes of Henry sirnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony Bauaria in the raigne of the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa THE DVKEDOME OF HOLSTEIN BOunded vpon the East with the Sundt and Dukedome of Mecklenburg vpon the North with the kingdome of Denmark and the riuer Eydore vpon the West with the German Ocean taken betwixt the riuers Eydore and Elb and vpon the South with the Elb diuiding it from the Diocese of Bremen The country is low marishie and full of woods chiefly affording good pasturages It comprehendeth foure distinct names or countries of Wagerlandt adioining vnto Mecklenburg and the Sundt of Stormarse lying along the right shore of the Elb betwixt the mouth of this riuer and Hamburg or the riuers Stor and Billen of Ditmarse coasting along the Ocean betwixt the riuers Stor and Eydore and of Holstein particularly thus called taking vp the more inland parts or those betwixt Stormarse and the Dukedome of Schleswijck in Denmark Chiefer townes are in Wagerlandt Lubeck a Bishops sea and a citty Imperiall seated vpon a hill or rising ground amongst waters and marishes at the confluence of the riuers Traue and Billeua neere the fall thereof into the Sundt The towne is very strong great rich and populous the chiefe of the Hanse-townes and of the ports of the sea Balticke containing about six miles in compasse Segeberg vpon the river Traue In Stormarse Hamburg vpon the riuer Billen and the right shore of the Elb a Hanse-towne Imperiall and a noted Emporie well knowne vnto the English marchant-adventurers Crempe vpon a little river thus named neere vnto the Elb. Ietzeho vpon the riuer Stor In Ditmarse Meldorp vpon the Ocean the chiefe towne Heininckste Tellinckste Londen In the proper Holstein Kiel a well traded port vpon a nauigable arme of the Sundt The country is subject the townes Imperiall excepted to the house of Denmarc k held hereby vnder the right and acknowledgement of the Dutch Empire The ancient inhabitants were the Saxons of Ptolemie their first seat The name spreading more Southwards they were afterwards distinguished and knowne by the name of the Saxons beyond the Elb. THE DIOCESE OF BREMEN BOunded vpon the North with the Elb and the Dukedome of Holstein vpon the West with the German Ocean vpon the South with the riuer Weser from East-Freislandt and Westphalen and vpon the East with the Dukedome of Lunenburg parted from it by a line drawne from the rivers Elb and Este vnto the Weser a little below the confluence thereof and the Alre The extreame parts coasting along the Elb and Weser are very fertill for corne and pasturages the more inner parts wild and barren full of dry sands marishes heathes Chiefer townes are Stadt a noted Hanse towne standing vpon the river Zuinghe hitherto navigable neere vnto the fall thereof into the Elb. The towne is accompted the most ancient in Saxonie waxing fresh and reviving againe of late yeares chiefly by meanes of the Staple there fixed of the English Marchant-aduenturers beautified with faire buildings and strongly fortified Here all the ships passing vp the Elb towards Hamburg pay tole The townesmen haue also their choise of the wines hereof for their publike Taverne Buxtehude vpon the riuer Este neere vnto Hamburg Bremen an Archbishops sea the chiefe towne of the country vpon the right shore of the great river Weser The towne is large populous and by the aduantage of the riuer which is herevnto navigable rich and well traded beautified with faire and euen streets and strongly fenced against hostile invasion The first Bishop here
fruitfull and pleasant vally of some 60 Italian miles in length continued from the head of the Aada along the course of that riuer vntill the entrance thereof into the Lake of Como divided into 6. goverments or prefectureships The wines of this country are much commended transported in a great abundance over the Alpes into Bavaria Switzer-landt and other parts Chiefer townes following the course of the riuer Aada are Bormio a prefectureship seated at the head of the vally and the river vnder the mountaine Braâ—lio called otherwise by the Dutch Wormsser ioch Tiran a prefectureship Teio a prefectureship the chiefe fortresse of the vally Sondrio the chiefe towne a prefectureship The governour or captaine hereof for so he is named is Lieutenant of the whole country having here the like commande as hath the Captaine of Lugano in the prefectures belonging to the 12 Cantons Morbengo a prefectureship situated neere vnto the Lake of Como These 8 prefectureships of Plurs Chiavenna and the Valtolina are subject to the ioint commaund of the three Leagues or Cantons of the Grisons The language hereof as of those other appertaining to the Switzers is the Italian NETHERLAND THE Country hath been thus named from its maritime and more flat and lower situation It is accompted part of Germany with the Free Country of Burgundie making the tenth circle of the Empire although at this day it neither acknowledgeth the Emperours not obeyeth the Laws and orders appointed by the Diets diuided amongst sundry free states and gouerments partly now commanded by the Princes of the house of Burgundie and Austria partly by the generall States of the Vnited Provinces It boundeth vpon the East with the districts of Trier Luick Gulick Cleve and Westphalen vpon the North with the riuer Eems East-Freislandt vpon the South with Lorraine Champaigne and Picardie in France and vpon the North-West with the German Ocean It lyeth betwixt the 22½ and 30 degrees of Longitude and the 48½ and 53½ degrees of Northern Latitude or betwixt the 16 or middle paralel of the 7 clime and the 21 paralel or end of the 8 clime The longest day beyond Arras in the furthest South containeth 16 houres beyond the towne of Dam or at the riuer Eems in the furthest North 16 houres three quarters The circuit of the whole is 340. Flemish miles or some one thousand Italian or English The parts hereof towards the West and North along the Sea-coast are flat plaine and marishie abounding chiefly in pasturages milke butter cheese horses and beeues of an extraordinary stature and bignesse Those contrariwise towards the South-East or bordering vpon Luick Lorraine swell with rising hills and woods reliques of the great forrest of Ardenne All parts are tolerably fruitfull No country for the quantitie is more populous replenished with 225 walled townes and citties besides aboue 6600 burroughs and villages for the most part very strong and numerously inhabited by industrious and curious artificers and rich tradesmen and marchants The shipping of the maritime coasts seeme to exceed in number all the rest of the world amassed together swarming in all seas and Oceans and bringing hither as to a common magazin whatsoeuer riches and commodities the earth or sea affordeth by the commodious situation thereof and oportunitie of the great rivers of the Scheldt Mase and Rhijn distributed from hence into all lands the seat of negotiation and trading The ancient inhabitants were the Frisij now West-Freislandt North-Hollandt with part of the district of Vtreicht the Batavi inhabiting the Iland of the Rhijn intercepted betwixt the middle branch thereof and the Wael with the neighbouring shore of Gaule containing now South-Holland with parts of Vtreicht and Gelderlandt the Caninefates containing also part of the same Iland the Bructeri where now Deventer and Swol in Over-ysel the Vsipij now the country of Zutphen part of the Sicambri now Arnhem and Veluwe in Gelderlandt the Advatici now Brabant or part thereof about Bosleduc or Doway the Morini now Flanders the Atrebates now Artois the Nervij now Hainault and the country about Tournay the Tongri now part of Brabant about Antwerpe and part of the Treveri now the Dukedome of Luxemburg The fiue first nations were Germans inhabiting beyond the Rhijn The rest were parts of the Gaules Belgicke descended notwithstanding from the Germans By C. Iulius Caesar in his warres of Gaule these last were subdued to the Romans vnder which subiection they continued vntill the expiration of that Empire comprehended vnder the Provinces of Belgica Secunda and Germania Secunda The other remained still free from forraine yoak with other neighbouring Dutch people by occasion hereof not long after vniting into the common name of the most warlike and victorious French famous in the later Roman histories and in short time conquering and overspreading all Gaule Germanie vnto the rivers Elb and Saltza Pannonie the greatest part of Italy with part of Tarraconensis in Spaine won from the Moores Vnder the French who here succeeded vnto the Romans the whole was contained vnder the name kingdome of Austrasia or Oosten-reich After that the French Monarchy became divided amongst the posteritie of the Emperour Lewis the Godly the part hereof broke into sundry new principalities and goverments remaining vnto this day partly holding of the French kings or successours of Charles the Bald and partly of the German Emperours the Dukedomes of Brabant Luxemburg Gelderlandt and Limburg the Earledomes of Flanders Hollandt Zealandt Haynault Artois Namur and Zutphen the Lordships of Freislandt Groningen Vtreicht Over-ysel and Malines and the Marquisate of the Sacred Empire the manner and occasion of whose beginnings together with their continuance and state vnto our times is set downe in the Description of France Of these Flanders Artois appertained to the soveraigntie of the kings of France quitted vnto Philip the second king of Spaine and the Princes hereof by Henry the second French king in the late league of Cambraye The rest were held vnder the Dutch Emperours By Philip the Hardie the countries of Brabant Flanders Artois and Limburg with Malines and the Marquisate of the Sacred Empire became added to the dominion and family of Burgundie by Philip the Good Holland Zealandt West-Freislandt Hainault Luxemburg Namur by the Emperour Charles the fift Gelderland Zutphen Vtreicht Over ysel and Groningen the manner whereof is likewise shewed in France Since this vnion by the power and greatnesse of their Princes the Provinces haue beene wholy with drawne from all acknowledgement and subiection of the German Emperours French kings their ancient Lords governed in manner of free States by their Princes and magistrates and making a distinct nation and common-wealth by themselues knowne now by the names of Netherland the Low Countries the Lower Germany and of the 17 Provinces called thus from their number language and situation Duke Charles surnamed the Fighter Prince hereof son to Philip the Good had an intent to vnite the parts then
vnder his goverment into one entire kingdome by the name of Burgundie But because all the Provinces were soveraigne and had their severall lawes priviledges and revenues neither had euer granted to their Princes any other then limited power this project tooke none effect In the raigne of Philip the second king of Spaine heire of the house of Burgundie and in the yeare 1566 begun those memorable ciuill broiles so long afflicting those rich and flourishing countries continued with the spoile and ransacking of all their chiefe townes and citties much bloodshed and vnspeakable misery and calamity for aboue the space of 40 yeares during the Regencies of Margaret Dutchesse of Parma Fernando Alvares de Toledo Duke of Alva Lewis Requeseims great Commendador of Castille Don Iohn d' Austria naturall sonne to the Emperour Charles the Fift Alexander Fernese Prince of Parma and Ernest Count Mansselt deputies and Leâ—uftenants hereof and after the decease of that king and the assignment of the Netherlands vnto the Archdukes Albert and Isabella vntill the yeare 1609 occasioned first vpon pretence of the violation of their priviledges by the erecting of new Bishoppricks and attempting to bring in the Spanish Inquisition and afterwards through the harshnesse of some of the Spanish governours the insolencie and rapine of their souldiers the naturall hatred of the people against strangers and impatiency of forraine subjection the stiffnesse of the Prince in opposing the Reformed Religion and maintaining the authority and rites of the sea of Rome his pretended many injuries oppression tyranny in the yeare 1581 breaking out into manifest and open revolt of the most part of the Provinces renouncing vtterly their faith and allegiance herevnto offering their subjection and soueraigntie to neighbouring Princes refused by Henry the third French King and Elizabeth Queene of England the issue of all which was Brabant and Flanders regained by armes and better moderation the libertie of Hollandt Zealandt Vtreicht Over-ysel Gelderlandt Zutphen West-Freislandt and Groningen better assured by their seas and marishes and the advantage of their shipping protected and aided by the English during the raigne of the late Queene of famous memory for their stronger defence and more firme vnion amongst themselues ioyned and confederate together in a strict league since from hence famously called the Vnited Provinces in the yeare 1609 after long vnprofitable warre treated withall and acknowledged as free countries by Philip the third king of Spaine and the Archdukes yet notwithstanding some contradiction with reservation of their rights herevnto in which qualitie and separation although the truce of 12 yeares being expired the warres are again renewed they still to this day remaine By meanes hereof Netherlandt is now become diuided into two different parts and as it were Common-wealths the Provinces subject to the Princes of the house of Burgundie and Austria and those other of the Free confederate States THE PROVINCES OF NETHERLANDT SVBIECT TO THE PRINCES THese also in the beginning of the tumults rebelled with the rest recovered by force of armes and better moderation of their governours They confine vpon the East with the districts of Gulick Luick and Trier in Germany vpon the South with Lorraine and Champaigne and Picardie in France vpon the North-West with the German Ocean vpon the North with the Free vnited Provinces They containe 9 of the 17 Provinces and 7 maine countries of Limburg Luxemburg Namur Haynault Artois Flanders and Brabant in which last the Provinces of Mechlin and of the Marquisate of the Sacred Empire are included THE COVNTRY OF LIMBVRG SItuated betwixt the Bishoppricke of Luyck Gulich land and the Dukedome of Luxemburg The soile is fruitefull for all needefull commodities wines excepted Limburg the chiefe towne is pleasantly seated amongst shadie woods full of medicinable simples vpon an high hill vnder which runneth the river Wesdo defended with a strong Castle mounted vpon a steepe and precipitious rocke Amidst the shades thickets of the great forrest of Ardenne about two Dutch miles and an halfe from hence in the Diocese of Luick lyeth the famous borough and water of the Spa. Here are reckned some fiue walled townes and 125 boroughs and villages The ancient inhabitants seeme to haue beene part of the Eburones of Caesar. THE DVKEDOME OF LVXEMBVRG BOunded vpon the North with Luyck and Namur vpon the East with the Moselle and the district of Trier vpon the South with Eorraine and vpon the West with Eyfel and the riuer Meuse The country is hilly and shaded with thicke woods remainders of the great forest Ardenne The soile is fruitfull The more hilly and woodland part retaineth yet the name of Ardenne stored with plenty of all manner of game Here are accompted 23 walled townes and 1168 burroughs and villages Chiefer townes are Theon-ville a strong frontire place seated vpon the Moselle neere vnto Metz and the border of Lorraine Rode-Macheren Greven-Macheren neere vnto Trier Echternach Dechry both situated vpon the riuer Saur Vianden Nueburg Lutzenburg vnequally seated in a plaine and vpon the brow and top of a rising hill divided by the riuer Alsaltz the chiefe towne of the country Arlon vpon the top of an high hill Bastoigne Neuf-chastelle Mont-medy Marville Dampvillers The ancient inhabitants were part of the Treveri NAMVR LYing betwixt Brabant Haynault and the district of Triers The country swelleth with woodie hills enioying a sweete and pleasant aire and affording plenty of all necessary commodities Herein are contained 4 walled townes and 184 villages Chiefer townes are Bouignes vpon the Meuse Namur a Bishops sea and the chiefe towne of the country seated in a vallie betwixt two hils or mountaines on both sides of the riuer Sambre at what place this entreth into the Meuse The citty is rich and adorned with faire buildings and fortified with a strong and well furnished Castle or Citadel The ancient inhabitants seeme to haue beene part of the Nervij of Caesar. HAYNALT BOunded vpon the East with Namur and Luick vpon the South with Champaigne and vpon the West and North with Flanders The country is hillie and full of shady woods like vnto the parts before described The soile is very fruitfull abounding in come Here are numbred 24 walled townes and citties and 950. burrowes and villages Chiefer townes are Charlemont vpon the toppe of an high hill vnder which runneth the Meuse Marieburg Philippe-ville strong frontire places opposed against the French and named thus from their founders the Emperour Charles the fift Mary Queene of Hungary and Philip the second king of Spaine Avesnes vpon the riuer Hepre a strong towne affronting the same enimie Chimay seated amongst woods vpon the riuer Blanc Landresy vpon the Sambre Malbuge vpon the Sambre Beaumont vpon the same riuer Binche Halle famous for the image of the blessed Virgin and the impostures and fained miracles there done Bergen seated vpoÌ„ a little rivulet named Trulle The citty is large and strongly fortified rich
inhabited by an industrious people the chiefe towne of the country Valenciennes vpon the Scheldt where it beginneth to be nauigable The towne is also large strong and well traded the next vnto Bergen Conde vpon the Scheldt Bauais The auncient inhabitants were part of the Nervij the most valiant people of the Gaules ARTOIS BOunded vpon the East with Cambresy and Flanders Gallicant vpon the South and West with Picardy in France and vpon the North with Flanders Teutonant and the riuer Lys. The aire is temperate and pleasant the soile fruitfull in come especially for wheat the common granarie and storehouse for Mechlin Antwerpe and other parts of Brabant and Flanders Chiefer townes are Bappaulme frontiring vpon France Arras Rigiacum of Ptolemy and Civitas Atrauatum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and the chiefe towne The citty is very strongly fenced with rampires and bulwarks large populous and replenished with industrious inhabitants diuided into two distinct townes seuerally walled the lesser called la Cite subiect to the Bishop beautified amongst other ornaments with a magnificent Cathedrall Church dedicated to the blessed Virgin a library containing many excellent manuscripts and la Ville appertaining to the Prince hauing faire streets and a rich monastery of 20 thousand crownes yearely revenue Bethune Ayre vpon the riuer Lys. Further vp the Lys about two Dutch miles from Ayre sometimes stoode the strong towne of Teroane Tervanna of Ptolemie and civitas Morinûm of Antoninus in the raigne of Henrie the Eight besieged and won by the English afterwards in the warres betwixt the Emperour Charles the Fift and the French againe surprised and destroyed by the Imperialists Hesdin a strong frontire place opposed against the French built by the Imperialists in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the fift S. Omar a faire and populous towne the second of the country situated vpon the Aha some 8. Dutch miles from the Ocean named thus from S. Omar about the yeare 670 Bishop of the Morini and a monastery by him here erected the occasion and beginning of the towne Here some put the hauen named Portus Iccius by Caesar coniectured from the high shores encompassing the towne and some olde fragments of anchers and of ships found vnder the ground the Ocean as it seemeth hauing since withdrawne it selfe further back and the chanell filled vp It containeth 10 walled townes and 754 burroughs or villages The auncient inhabitants were the Atrebates with part of the Morini FLANDERS BOunded vpon the South with Hainault Artois and Picardie extending this way as farre as Calais vpon the East with Hainault Brabant vpō North-West with the German Ocean vpon the North with the seas of Zealandt and the Honte or the left branch of the Scheldt diuiding it from those Ilands It containeth three diuisions or names of Flanders Gallicant Dutch Flanders and Flanders Imperiall FLANDERS GALLICANT Surnamed thus from its Wallon or French language The bounds are vpon the East Hainault and the Scheldt vpon the South Cambresy vpon the West the riuer Lys and Artois and vpon the North Dutch Flanders The soile is very fruifull in corne and pasturages the aire is healthfull temperate and pleasant Chiefer townes are L'isle named thus from its situation seated sometimes Iland-like amongst fens and mariches The citty is populous rich and well traded Douay vpon the riuer Scarpe where is an vniuersity erected by Philip the second king of Spaine a late seminary of English fugitiues Taurnay vpon the Scheldt Baganum of Ptolemy and Ciuitas Turnacensium of Antoninus beseiged and taken in by Henry the eight and the English in their warrs against Lewis the Twelfth French King Orchies The more ancient inhabitants seeme part of the Nervij of Caesar before mentioned DVTCH FLANDERS SIrnamed thus from its Dutch language The bounds are vpon the South the river Lys and Flanders Gallitant the New Fosse and Artois with part of Picardy vpon the North-west the German Ocean vpon the North the sea of Zealandt and vpon the East the Scheldt and Flanders Imperial The country is marishie sandie leane and lesse fruitfull Chiefer townes are first vpon the sea-coast Greveling Duyenkerck famous for pyracies Oostend for a memorable three yeares siege sustained against the Archdukes Albert and Isabella and the whole power of the house of Burgundy and Spaine in the yeares 1602 1603 and 1604. Neuport for the victory of Count Maurice of Nassau and of the English and Netherlands obtained against the same enimie in the yeare 1600. Sluys vpon a spacious creeke or inlet of the Ocean The hauen is the fairest vpon those Flemmish sea-coasts capeable at once of 500 vessels Within the land Brugge seated about 3 Dutch miles from the sea vpon two navigable fosses drawne from the Sluys The citty is rich faire and of great state containing 4 Italian miles an halfe in circuit about the wals and some 60 parishes The inhabitants hereof were the first discouerers of the Açores from hence now otherwise called the Flemmish Ilands Gendt the chiefe citty of the province and the largest through all the Netherlands containing 7 Italian miles about the wals situated at the confluence of the rivers Scheldt and the Lys and the Dikes called the Lieue and the Moere The towne is at this day nothing so wealthy and potent as in times past occasioned through the iniurie of their princes offended with their often rebellions tumults the miseries of the present late warres their want of trade and forraine negotiation shut in debarred by the Hollanders the condeferate states more powerfull at sea a common calamitie at this day of all the Netherlands subject to the Arch-duchesse Yperen a Bishops sea vpon a rivulet thus named FLANDERS IMPERIALL NAmed thus for that it was anciently held vnder the fies and soueraignty of the German Emperours It is the most Easterly part of the country lying on both sides of the Scheldt and confining vpon Brabant Townes here of better note are Hulst the chiefe towne in the land of Waes Axel likewise lying in Tlant van Waes Rupelmonde at the confluence of the Rivers Scheldt and Rupel the country of Gerardus Mercator Dendermonde at the meetings of the Scheldt and the Dender Beyond the Scheldt Aeist vpon the riuer Dender The towne is large and strongly fortified There moreouer belongeth to the continent hereof the Iland of Cadsandt neighbouring to Sluys and called thus from a towne of this name and that of Biervliet named also from a fort thus called and lying in the Dollaert betwixt Sluys and Axel In the whole country are accompted thirtie walled townes and 1154 boroughs and villages so thick thronging together that to the Spaniards at their first comming hither vnder Philip the second they seemed like one continuate citty None of the townes are very ancient Tournay excepted by an industrious inhabitant being all built since the conquest and dominion of the French vnder the
Thessalye Crete Old and New Epirus and 5 of Dacia which were Dacia Mediterranea Dacia Ripensis the first and second Maesia both containing one province Dardania and Praevalitana all lying in East Illyricum and governed by the Praetorio-praefectus of Illyricum and in West Illyricum the First and Second Pannonies Savia or Pannonia Ripariensis Valeria Dalmatia Noricum Mediterraneum and Noricum Ripense These last he placeth vnder the Praetorio-praefectus of Italie which hapned through the after division of the Empire by the successours of Constantine by agreement of the princes appertaining to the Emperours of the West the cause also of the distinction and names of the East and West Illyricum The authour of the booke of the Romane Provinces maketh otherwise 19 divisions or provinces of the whole the first and second Pannonies Valeria Praevalitana the Higher Maesia the Olde and New Epirus Pampica Noricus Ripensis and Mediterranea Savia Dardania the Mountaine Haemus Dacia Scythia Crete Achaia Macedonia and Thessalia These differences pointed the more exact bounds ancient state and description hereof follow out of Ptolemy the authour whom onely I haue made choice of with reference notwithstanding to Strabo and the rest ILLYRIS LIBVRNIA AND DALMATIA BOunded vpon the North with a line drawne by the mountaines Albanus and Baebij vnto the meetings of the rivers Saw and Danow by the which it was diuided from the two Pannonies vpon the West with a line brought from the Higher Pannony vnto the sea Adriaticke whose beginning contained 36½ degrees of Longitude and 45 1 6 degrees of Latitude and the terme or end at the Adriaticke 44½-⅓ degrees of Latitude 36 1 6 of Lōgitude diuiding it from Histria vpon the East with a line from the meetings of the Saw and Danow Southwards vnto the 47 degree of Longitude and the 41⅔ of Latitude diuiding it from the Higher Mysia and vpon the South with a line drawne from the East line now mentioned vnto the sea Adriaticke and the degrees 41 of Latitude and 45 of Longitude dividing it from Mocedonia and lastly with the part of the Adriaticke intercepted betwixt this or Macedonia and Histria It contained Illyris properly so called from which as the more famous or noble prouince the many countries before recited tooke the common name of Illyris or Illyricum and Dalmatia ILLYRIS NAmed otherwise Liburnià from the citty Liburna of Strabo It was extended along the coast of the sea Adriaticke betwixt Histria and Dalmatia Pliny more precisely boundeth it betwixt the riuers Arsia and Titius now Arsa and Variecha It contained after Dominicus Niger the country now called Sclavonia from the Sclaves the last barbarous inhabitants more distinctly Krabbaten Kraist Carbavia and Contado di Zara. The townes along the sea-coast were first next to Histria Alvona Alvona of Plinie now Albona Flavona Flavona of Plinie now Fianona Tursarica Tursarica of Plinie and Thursarica of Antoninus now Fiume Senia Senia of Plinie and Antoninus now Segna Lopsica Lopsica of Plinie Ortopla Ortupula of Plinie Vetia Vegium of Plinie The towne is perished but the place where it stood is yet called Veza Argyrutum Argyruntum of Plinie where now is the village called Scrisia Corynium Corinium of Plinie now Gliuba Aenona Aenona of Plinie now Nona Iader a colonie Colonia Iadera and Iader of Plinie Iader of Antoninus and Iadera of Mela now Zara. Scardona Scardon of Strabo Scardona of Plinie a juridicall resort now the village Scardona The inland townes were Taediastum Arucia now Bregna Ardotium now Mogenicha Stluspi Curum Ausancula Varvaria Salvia Adra now the fort or Castle Zerunaz Arauzona now Ostroviza Assissia where now are the ruines or place called Beribir Burnum Burnum a fort or Castle of the Dalmatae after Plinie now Grachova Sidrona now Sdrigna Blanona now Stramitio Ouportum Nedinum now Susied From the Liburni or Illyricans with light swift ships infesting with continuall pyracies the neighbouring Ocean such kinde of vessells anciently as at this day in Latine writers were called Naves Liburnicae DALMATIA CAlled from the citty Dalminium of Strabo It was continued along the sea Adriaticke from Illyris or Liburnia vnto the borders of Macedonia or betwixt the riuers Titius and Drylon It contained after Dominicus Niger the parts yet retaining the name of Dalmatia together with Albania The Sea coast townes were first next to Illyris Sicum Sicum of Plinie a colonie of old Roman souldiers sent hither by the Emperour Claudius the first now Sibenico Salonae a colonie Solona of Plinie a colonie and juridicall resort Salona of Strabo the arsinall of the Dalmatians Salona of Mela Salonae of Antoninus where now is Clissa a fort or castle vpon the river Soliuschiza not farre from the towne of Spalato Epetium now Spezzo Piguntium Piguntiae of Plinie now Almissa Onaeum Epidaurus Epidaurum of Plinie a colonie now Ragusi Rhidinum Ascruium Ascrivium of Pliny inhabited by Roman cittizens now Catharo Bulva Butua of Plinie now Budua Vlcinium Olchinium or Colchinium of Plinie founded by the Colchans now Dulcigno Lissus Lissus of Strabo and Lissum of Plinie a colonie of Roman cittizens now Alesio Within the land were Andrecrium Aleta now Mosth Herona Delminium Dalminium naming the country after Strabo Delminium of Appian and Florus now Dumnio or Donna Aequum a colonie Saloniana Narbona a colonie Narona of Mela and Antoninus Narona of Plinie a colonie and juridicall resort Enderum now Drivesto Chinna Doclea neere vnto the towne of Medon raised out of the ruines hereof Rhizana the towne of the Rhizaei of Strabo and Rhizinium of Plinie inhabited by Roman cittizens now Rhisine within the gulfe of Catharo Scodra Scodra of Antoninus and Scordra of Plinie now Scutari Thermidana Siparuntum Epicaria Iminacium What people inhabited each diuision my author cleerely doth not distinguish He nameth promiscuously the Iapyeres bordering vpon Histria Iapodes of Strabo lying vnder the mountaine Albius concluding the Alpes and Iapodes of Plinie extended to the river Tedanium Mazaei Mezaei of Plinie of the resort of Salona and Mazaei of Strabo part of the Pannones Derriopes Derrij Dindarij Dindari of Plinie Ditiones Ditiones of Plinie Ceraunij Cerauni of Plinie Daursij Darsij of Appian Comenij Vardaei Vardaei sometimes forraging Italy after Plinie not improbably the Ardiaei of Strabo and Appian Sardiotae Sardiates of Plinie Siculotae Siculotae of Plinie Docleatae Docleatae of Plinie and Appian Pirustae Peirustae part of the Pannones after Strabo not vnprobably the Pyraei of Plinie Pyrei of Mela. Scirtones towards Macedonie not improbably the Scirtari of Plinie The rivers whereof he maketh mention were Tedanium lying betwixt Lopsica and Ortopla Tedanium of Plinie Titus Titius of Plinie parting Liburnia and Dalmatia now Variecha Narso or Narson betwixt Onaeum Epidaurus Naro of Strabo now Narenta Drilo Drilo of Strabo and Plinie now Boliana Drinus Drinius of Plinie emptied into the Saw West of Taururum The mountaines were Sardonius Scardus and
Scardonici Ardium of Strabo dividing Dalmatia in the midst along the Sea coast or length hereof now the hilly or mountainous tracts of Dalmatia and Albania Of Ilands belonging vnto and thwarting Liburnia he nameth Absorus Absirtium of Plinie now Osseros whose townes were Absorus and Crepsa now Cherso Curicta Curictae of Plinie now Vegia or Viglio whose citties were Pfulfinium and Curicum These Dominicus Niger putteth to be the Absyrtides of Strabo and Plinie named thus from Absyrtus brother to Medaea slaine here by his sister pursuing her in her voyage towards Greece accompanying Iason Strabo notwithstanding seemeth to extend further the accompt of these Ilands Scardona Arba of Plinie now Arba whose citties were Collentum and Arba yet retaining the appellation and naming the Iland Along the coast of Dalmatia Issa a towne and Iland Issa of Strabo and Issa of Plinie inhabited by Roman cittizens now Pago Tragurium a towne and Iland Tragurium founded by the Issenses after Strabo Tragurium of Plinie and Tagurium of Mela now Trau Pharia a towne and Iland Pharus or Parus a colonie of the Parij and the country of Demetrius Pharius after Strabo Pharos Paros Pharia of Pliny now Lexina Corcuria or Melana Melaena or Corcyra with a city founded by the Cnidians after Strabo Corcyra surnamed Melaena with a towne of the Gnidians after Plinie now Curzola Meligina Plinie addeth to those of Ptolemie the forts or townes of Turiona now Tnina at the mouth of the river Variecha Mandretium Mandretium of Strabo Tribulium Ratanaeum The riuer Pausinus The promontories of Diomedes or Hyllis now Cabo di Cista And Nymphaum The Ilands Crexa Gissa Portunata Cissa Pullariae Elephates Lissa thwart of Iader Cretaeae Celadussae Brattia now Braza Melita breeding excellent doggs now Meleda The people Lacinienses Stulpini Burnistae Albonenses Alutae Flanates naming the bay Flanaticus now the Gulfe of Cornero Lopsi Varubarini Assetiates Fulsinates Decuni Issaei Colentini Separi Epetini Daorizi Desitiates Deretini Deremistae Glinditiones Clintidiones of Appian Melcomani Oenei Partheni Partheni of Mela and Appian Hemasini Arthitae Armistae Labeatae Enderudini Sassaei Grabaei Traulantij Taulantij of Appian Strabo addeth the citty Liburna Appian Promona Terponium now Terpono and Metulium The whole length of Illyricum betwixt the rivers Arsia and Drinius Plinie accompteth at 800 Italian miles The greatest breadth at 325 of the same miles Along this coast he reckneth aboue a thousand Ilands The sea Adriaticke named thus after Plinie from Atria a citty in Italy of this name Strabo and Plinie call otherwise Mare Superum or the Higher sea in regard of the higher situation thereof and remotenesse from the maine Ocean Strabo continueth this name from Histria vnto the mountaines Ceraunij in Macedonie Dominicus Niger in his sixt Commentary reckneth the length hereof at 600 Italian miles the greatest breadth at 200 miles where it is more narrow at 150 miles at the beginning or mouth hereof betwixt the mountaines Ceraunij and Italie where it is the straightest at 60 of the same miles Parts hereof were the bayes Trigestinus Flanaticus and Rhizoniscus of Ptolemie named thus from the people Flanates and the townes Trigeste in Histria and Rhizana or Rhizinium now Gulfo di Trieste di Cornero and di Catharo The Romanes were the first knowne forrainers who invaded and subdued this country In the yeare of Rome 524 hapned their first warre with Queene Teuta occasioned through her pride and cruelty killing one of their Embassadours sent vnto her and a pretence of the pyracies of the nation and of their iniuries done vnto the neighbouring Graecians managed by the Consuls Cn Fulvius Flaccus Centimalus and A. Postumius the successe whereof was the ouerthrow subjection of the Queene amercyed with a yearely tribute and the losse of the greatest part of her kingdome and the setting vp of Demetrius Pharius their confederate in the warre At this time we finde the name and kingdome of the Illyricans to haue extended Southwards towards Greece vnto the towne of Lissus vpon the sea Adriaticke agreeing with the description of Ptolemie before related In the yeare 534 immediately before the second Carthaginian warre fell out their next warre with Demetrius Pharius whom not long before they had made king rebelling against and wasting and invading the parts hereof subject vnto them since the first warre thinking himselfe secure in regard of their new broyles and troubles from Hannibal and the Carthaginians the cities Damalus and Pharus taken driuen out by the Consul L. Paulus Aemilius into Macedony and the whole nation againe subdued Some 52 yeares afterwards and yeare of Rome 586 chanced their third warre against king Gentius confederate with and aiding Perseus king of the Macedonians overcome and taken prisoner by the Praetor Lucius Anicius After this the authority and name of kings being abrogated the nation was immediatlie made subject to the Romane Empire rebelling notwithstanding sundrie times afterwardes and not fully brought vnder subjection vntill the raigne of Caesar Augustus By this prince and by his captaines Asinius Pollio and Tiberius Nero with others they were at length finally conquered and first reduced into the order of a province gouerned by Roman Magistrates lawes Greece and the more Easterne provinces of Europe taking afterwards the common name of Illyricum these contained the Province or part hereof named Dalmatia in the Authour of the Notitia part of West Illyricum and of the Westerne Empire commaunded by a President vnder the Praetorio-praefectus of Italie The Westerne Empire torne in pieces by the Barbarous nations in the raigne of Zenon Emperour of the East they fell to the share of Odoacer and the Heruli Lords of Italie together with Sicily and Rhaetia part of their Italian conquests These subdued by Theodoricus and the Ostrogothes in the same raigne they became subject vnto that prince and people The Gothes being conquered by the Emperour Iustinian the first they were againe vnited to the Romane Empire accompted amongst the Easterne or Greekish provinces Not long after this revnion in the raignes of Iustinian the first and Mauritius brake in hither the Sclaves by whom the country was againe torne off from the Greekish Empire with Histria part of Italie and Savia part of Pannonia peopled with their barbarous colonies and language and since knowne from hence by the generall name of Sclavonia commaunded for a long time after by kings of this nation free from forraine commaund The precise time when these first setled here their abode ancient authours doe not determine Blondus conjectureth this to haue hapned in the raigne of the Emperour Phocas Their first Christian king was Sueropilus about the time of the Emp. Charles the Bald. The widow of Zelomirus the last king of the Illyrican Sclaves or of Croatia and Dalmatia for thus then the princes were stiled vnto whom her deceased husband having no heires had bequeathed the kingdome deceasing also without issue gaue
Graiae named thus from the mountaine god Paeninus whoÌ„ the Veragri the Painim inhabitants hereof did sometimes worship or otherwise from their sharpe rocks They containe those steepe and horrid mountaines incircling Wallis-landt or lying betwixt that Valley and Ougstal in Italy The more noted top hereof is the greater S. Bernard so named of a monastery here extant dedicated to a Monke of this name of Augsta liuing sometimes Anchoret in these deserts famous in the Popish Legends LEPONTIAE These are East of the Paeninae called thus from the Lepontij their ancient inhabitants They containe the rockie and desert tract hereof lying betwixt the springs of the riuer Rhosne the Vorder Rhijn or as Tschudus more particularly boundeth theÌ„ betwixt the Canton of Vren of the Switzers the vpper Wallislandt the Valley of Augsta with part of Milanese against the Lake of Como and the Grisons including the Vallies Palenser-tal Meintal Eschental Liuinertal with others The most remarkeable and more hugie tops hereof are the Mountaines Die Furcken adioining to the Vpper Wallislandt out of which springeth the Rhosne S. Gothard the head of the riuers Russe and Tesin flowing towards contrary seas Luckmanier where ariseth the nearer branch or head of the Rhijn RHAETICAE These lay East of the Lepontiae so named from their inhabitants the Rhaeti Alpestres They are contained betwixt the Switzers and the Lake of Como and Verona in Italy and comprehend now the Grisons and part of Tirol The more famous tops hereof were Adulas Mons now Colmen d' Ocello to the Grisons and in Dutch Der Vogel where springeth the farther head of the Rhijn Splugen-bergt or Colmen del Orso and Rhaetico-mons now Prettigouwer-berg IVLIAE These were Eastward of the Rhaeticae probably thus called from the famous Iulius Caesar whom we read in Rufus Festus sometimes to haue passed over this part of the Alpes They were otherwise called the Alpes Venetae from the neighbouring Veneti in Italy likewise the Mountaines Tarvisani from that people vpon whom likewise they ioyned in Italy They are the tract of the Alpes coasting along Marca Trivigiana belonging to the Venetians towards the head of the Adriatique sea hauing on the other side the Bishoprick of Saltzburg in Germany Part hereof was called Mons Taurus by Mela which name seemeth yet to be preserued in Gastein Taurn Rastatter-Taurn and other mountainous tops of the same termination in the Diocese of Saltzburg CARNICAE These conclude the Alpes and were the Mountaines of Carnia now of Karnten and Krain from whence came their name A part of these Alpes was the mountaine Ocra of Strabo Ptolomie Of these the Alpes Maritimae and Carnicae are but lowe in comparison to the other rather to be accompted downes then Mountaines The Coctiae and Graiae are neither so high but that their ordinary passages lie open al the yeare long The highest Alpes and of the most grisley aspect are those accosting Germany chiefely the Lepontiae and the hills of the Grisons and Wallislandt for their long steepe ascents narrow and craggie waies deepe and dreadfull precipices strong whirlewindes and huge balles of snow with great noise and violence rouling downe the mountaines some times of the yeare thuart the waies yeelding a most troublesome fearefull and dangerous passage altogether vnpassable by wagon and with great difficulty by horse Here lie notwithstanding hidden in the hollow bottomes sundry faire vallies such as are Intal Wallislandt Valtolina and the Vale of Adise scarcely yeelding in fruitfulnesse to the best plaines and in pleasure farre exceeding them Merula obserueth in his trauaile ouer these mountaines the extreame tops to be exceedingly barren and miserable horride with an ould perpetuall ice and snowe the sides or lower Mountaines to be tollerable pasturage not altogether vnfit for tillage the subiect bottomes to be most plentifull fruitfull especially towards Italy and the Sun THE MOVNTAINES ABNOBI These comprehended that banke of wooddie Mountaines now called Schwartz-wald beginning neere the towne of Waldshut vpon the Rhijn and by the heads of the riuers Danow and the Neccar and the townes of Villingen Rotweil Horb Shiltach Nagolt and Wildbad extended Northwards through part of Schwaben and the Dukedome of Wirtenberg continued afterwards from thence by other names through the lower Palatinate and a long the course of the riuer Cochen SVDETAE They are the hills encircling Bohemia couered with the Woods Gabreta and Luna SARMATICI They seeme to be the same with Sevo of Solinus and Carpathus of Ptolomie diuiding now the kingdomes of Poland and Hungary common then to both nations of the Sarmatae and Germans but named from the Sarmatae MELIBOCVS This after Pirkhermerus was a branch of the Abnobi continued from thence vnto Meissen parts whereof should be Hartzwald and the hilly tract where are found the rich siluer mines B. Rhenanus more probably putteth it to be hilly country of Hessen wherein the name yet seemeth to be kept in the parts of Catzen-elbogen expressing as much as Melibocus of the Catti CARVANCAS This after the same author contained at this day the hilly tracts of Krain Krabbaten and Gorecz ALBANVS AND BAEBII The former now seemeth to containe the mountaine Schwanberger-Albâ— with others of the like termination in Steirmarck The Baebij most probably are now the mountaines of Krabbaten CETIVS This is now the hill Calemberg in Austria continued here for a great length betwixt the riuers of the Danow and the Dra and distinguished into sundry particular names of Schneberg Semering Kemperg Hertperg and Deubsperg Heustperg and Plaitz the common bounds sometimes of the countries Noricum and Pannonia THE WOODS They were the famous Hercynia Martiana Bacenis or Semana Gabreta and Luna HERCYNIA Some deriue this name from the Dutch word Hartz signifying pitch in regard of the great plenty of that oilie matter it yeeldeth others from the Greeke word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifieth a hedge since encompassing this province with its spreading branches the hedge or mound betwixt the same and forreine nations It begunne after Caesar at the Rhijn and the confines of the Heluetij and Nemeti or of Switzerlandt Elsats and the lower Palatinate and was continued from thence Eastward along the course of the Danow vnto the Daci now the vpper Hungary and Transilvania from whence it declined towards the Left hand from the riuer for the large extent thereof bordering vpon many other countries containing some 9 daies iourney in breadth the length then after 60 daies discouery not being found out by any Of this Wood were parts all the other woods before mentioned and as it seemeth here by the description of my author likewise all those vast deserts forrests of the Daci Sarmatae possessed by the Poles Transilvanians Lithuanians Muscovites â—usses since continued from hence Some left remainders in Germany for the greatest part through long ciuility haue been
wasted consumed replenished now with sundry cities and townes are at this day Schwartzwald in 〈◊〉 in the Dukedome of Wirtenberg before mentioned Otten-wald in the Palatinate betwixt the riuers Neccar the Maine Wester-wald nere vnto the Rhijn and the towne of Cobolentz betweene Franken-landt and Hessen Speysshartz further vp in Francken-landt betwixt Wâ—rtzburg and Bamberg Steyger-wald in Duringen Duringen-waldt vpon the mountaines of Bohemia towards the vpper Palatinate Behaimerwaldt vpon the same hills towards the towne of Passaw the Danow Passawer-waldt vpon the same mountaines towards Marrheren Der Scheid in Lusatz Spondawer-heid Rattenawer-heid Galber-heyd and Pomerisch-heid in Oostenreich Freistetterwaldt and Koningwiser-waldt in Bavaria Heinerdoch Grien-waldt and Zeller waldt in the country of Brunswijck Hartzwaldt Solinger-waldt with others wherewith this rough country is yet wel stored replenished MARTIANA These were the woods couering the hills Abnobi from their darke shadines called now Schwartz-wald or the Black wood BACENIS This was the same with the wood Semana of Ptolemie Pirckheâ—â—erus interpreteth it to be Duringer-waldt GABRETA This now after Montanus is Behaimer-waldt or rather more generally all the woods of the Mountaines Sudetae towards the West and North. LVNA This is Passawer-waldt after the same authour or the woods of the Sudetae towards Passaw and the South The RIVERS Out of those Forests and Mountaines issue the Rivers The chiefest hereof and whereinto the most part of the rest are disburdened are the Rhijn the Danow Eems Weser Elve Oder and the Wixel The RHIIN This ariseth out of the Alpes in two small rivulets or torrents whose heads are distant about a daies iourney a sunder whereof the neerer called by the Dutch the Vorder Rhijn sourceth out of the hills of the Lepontij and the Mountaine Luckmanier the further named the Hinder Rhijn out of the Alpes of the Rhaeti and the Mountaine Der Vogel These two meeting together about a Dutch mile from Chur of the Grisons are afterwards continued in one chanell towards the North by the famous citties of Constance Basil Spire Worms Mentz and Colen encreasing still by the way with the additions of sundry other great rivers vnto the sort of Schenken-schans in the land of Cleue and confines of Gelderlandt where againe divided then encompassing Holland Vtreicht and Gelderland vnder other namâ—s it is emptied into the river Maes and the Zuider Zee The maine Chanells of the Rhijn by which this great river was disburdened into the Ocean were in the time of Iulius Caesar the Wael and the Rhijn whereof this latter passing then by Lugdunum Batavorum now Leyden fell into the Ocean at the place where now is Catwijck in Holland with the other branch making the Iland of the Batavians of Tacitus In the next raigne of the Emperour Augustus Drâ—sâ—â— Germanicus father to the Imperour Claudius then Lieutenant of the warres of Germany to emptie keepe in the fuller chanell of the Rhijn or of the more Northerne branch threatning an invndation of the subject Moorish countries drewe from it the dreane called afterwards from hence Fossae Drusinae now the Ysel Not long after in the raigne of the Emperour Vespasian Civilis the Batavian rebelling against the Romans more strongly to entrench and fortifie himselfe against that potent enimie levelling the banks made by Drusus to keepe in the better the fuller water of the Rhijn or Middle branch let the same loose towards the Wael and the coast of Gaule whether for the lower situation of that part of the countrie it then naturally inclined leauing after this for its greater part its ancient current and wearing the chanell since called the Leck Since this time as at this day the Rhijn hath beene conveyed into the Ocean by foure branches or chanells of the Wael before named from the first division hereof at Schnken-schans continued through Gelderlandt by Nimmengen Tiel and Bommel vntill at the Castle of Lovestain it looseth its name in the Maes of the Rhijn from the same division at Schenken-schans extended likewise through Gelderlandt by Huessen Arnhem and Wageningen vnto Duerstede where the maine river being diverted by the Lecke with a small current it is continued by Vtreicht and through Holland vnto Leyden where leauing this name and stopped by the intervening sandie downes betwixt this the sea vnder another name of the Vliet it is turned towards the South at Sluys a little village against Brill falling into the Maes of the Lecke into the which the Rhijn diverteth at Duerstede by the townes of Culenborch Vianen and Schoonhoven in the Provinces of Vtreicht and Holland carried into the Maes at a little towne called Crimpten betwixt Dort and Rotterdam and of the Ysel drawne from the Rhijn neere Arnhem in Gelders and by the townes of Zutphen and Deventer betwixt Gelderlandt and Over-Ysel receaued into the Zâ—â— der Zee or the sea of Amsterdam at Campen Chiefer rivers receaued hereinto are from the coast of Germany the Neccar arising in 〈◊〉 wald neere Rotweil and through the countries of Wirtenberg and of the Lower Palatinate tooke in at Manheim below Heidelberg the Maine out of the Mountaine Fichtelberg through Franckenlandt and by the townes of Bamberg and Wurtzburg receaued in belowe Francfurt the Ruer arising in Westphalen and flowing hereinto at Duisburg in Cleueland the Lippe arising not far from Paderborn in Westphalen by the Castle of Lippe and other obscurer places emptied herein at the towne of Wesel from the side of France or Gaule the Aar issuing out of the Alpes of the Lepontij neere vnto the hill of S. Gothard and through Switzerlandt and the Lakes Brientzer and Thuner Seâ—s and by the townes of Bern and Solothurn discharged herein to nere Waldshut the Russ out of the Mountaine S. Gothard through Switzerlandt and the Lakes Waldstet and Lucerner-sees carried into the Aar at the towne of Bruck the Limat out of the Alpes of the Grisons through Switzerlandt and the Lakes Walen and Zurich Sees receaued into the Aar nere vnto the confluence thereof and of this river the Ill out of Sungow neere vnto the towne of Altkirch by the townes of Mulhausen Einsheim and Schlestat in Sungow and Elsatz after the receipt of almost infinite lesser rivulets descending from the mountainous ridge of the Vauge falling hereinto a little below Strasburg and the Moselle arising out of the Mountaine Vauge at the confines of Lorraine and of the Free country of Burgundie and through Lorraine and the countrie of Triers by the citties Toul Metz and Treves disburdened hereinto at Cobolentz The DANOW This river springeth in Schwartzwald at a little towne belonging to the Earles of Furstenberg called Don-Eschingen in a plainer situation the hill vnder which it riseth being the Church-yard of the Village not exceeding 16 cubits