by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n report_n coke_n 4._o instit_fw-la p._n 12.1_o inst_z p._n 69.2_o inst_z 7_o 8._o preface_n to_o nine_o report_n beyond_o all_o bound_n of_o truth_n and_o modesty_n as_o also_o the_o great_a mistake_n of_o our_o learned_a judicious_a antiquary_n 257._o antiquary_n archaion_n p._n 257._o mr._n lambard_n and_o parliament_n and_o doderidge_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o parliament_n other_o of_o great_a note_n who_o affirm_v that_o the_o true_a original_a title_n and_o right_n of_o all_o our_o ancient_a city_n and_o burrough_n elect_v and_o send_v burgess_n and_o citizen_n to_o our_o parliament_n be_v prescription_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n it_o be_v a_o privilege_n they_o actual_o and_o of_o right_n enjoy_v in_o edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n or_o before_o and_o exercise_v ever_o since_o indeed_o the_o whole_a series_n of_o the_o great_a council_n in_o the_o saxon_a danish_a and_o norman_a king_n reign_v to_o the_o forty_o 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the_o king_n appoint_v the_o sheriff_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o four_o lawful_a knight_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o two_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n their_o reasonable_a expense_n the_o writ_n of_o the_o 28_o ed._n 1._o dorso_fw-la 1._o rot._n claus_n 28_o e._n 1._o m._n 12._o dorso_fw-la command_n that_o they_o have_v rationabiles_fw-la expensas_fw-la svas_fw-la in_fw-la veniendo_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la ibidem_fw-la morando_fw-la &_o inde_fw-la ad_fw-la propria_fw-la redeundo_fw-la their_o reasonable_a expense_n in_o come_v to_o the_o king_n stay_v there_o and_o return_v to_o their_o home_n the_o like_a we_o find_v for_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n in_o the_o 1_o ed._n 2._o there_o be_v four_o shilling_n a_o day_n allow_v for_o every_o knight_n and_o two_o shilling_n for_o every_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n mr._n prynne_n 4._o prynne_n brief_a parliamentary_a writ_n part_v 4._o p._n 4._o give_v many_o good_a reason_n why_o these_o wage_n be_v allow_v some_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v recite_v as_o first_o that_o all_o law_n allow_v salary_n for_o service_n and_o those_o be_v public_a servant_n and_o representative_n or_o attorney_n for_o the_o county_n city_n burrough_n to_o consult_v about_o the_o great_a and_o arduous_a affair_n necessary_a defence_n preservation_n and_o welfare_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n and_o they_o for_o and_o by_o who_o they_o be_v entrust_v it_o be_v reason_n as_o they_o receive_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o good_a service_n in_o give_v their_o good_a advice_n towards_o the_o redress_v of_o grievance_n and_o make_v wholesome_a law_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v allow_v their_o necessary_a expense_n second_o it_o appear_v in_o ancient_a time_n there_o be_v no_o such_o ambition_n to_o be_v parliament-man_n as_o of_o late_a but_o the_o person_n elect_v think_v it_o a_o burden_n therefore_o lest_o be_v elect_v they_o shall_v neglect_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o convention_n they_o have_v surety_n call_v manucaptor_n for_o their_o appearance_n three_o this_o oblige_v the_o county_n city_n and_o burrough_n to_o be_v carefull_a in_o elect_v the_o discreet_a able_a fit_a and_o most_o laborious_a person_n who_o will_v speedy_a and_o best_a dispatch_v all_o public_a business_n which_o occasion_v the_o shortness_n of_o session_n four_o it_o beget_v a_o great_a confidence_n correspondence_n and_o dependence_n betwixt_o the_o elector_n and_o elect_v five_o it_o keep_v poor_a petty_a burrough_n unable_a to_o defray_v the_o expense_n of_o their_o burgess_n from_o elect_v or_o send_v member_n to_o our_o parliament_n and_o oblige_v some_o to_o petition_n to_o be_v ease_v of_o the_o charge_n whereby_o the_o number_n of_o burgess_n be_v scarce_o half_a so_o many_o and_o parliament_n be_v more_o expeditious_a in_o council_n aid_n motion_n and_o their_o act_n and_o debate_n and_o so_o the_o session_n be_v much_o shorten_v the_o election_n be_v then_o fair_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n unquestionable_a the_o commons_o 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burrough_n from_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 1._o to_o the_o 12_o ed._n 4._o but_o he_o will_v find_v by_o the_o very_a name_n that_o they_o be_v such_o as_o i_o have_v mention_v i_o be_o well_o assure_v of_o it_o for_o yorkshire_n and_o particular_o for_o the_o city_n of_o york_n they_o be_v general_o such_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o list_n of_o their_o mayor_n beverly_n have_v four_o of_o the_o surname_n of_o good_a family_n and_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n have_v 3._o have_v 8_o e._n 3._o william_n a_o s._n pole_n from_o who_o the_o great_a family_n of_o suffolk_n spring_v but_o it_o be_v well_o know_v he_o be_v a_o merchant_n there_o now_o since_o every_o part_n of_o the_o country_n abound_v with_o gentleman_n of_o plentiful_a fortune_n burgess_n why_o wage_n not_o now_o pay_v to_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n generous_a education_n such_o as_o be_v verse_v in_o affair_n of_o their_o country_n as_o justices_z of_o the_o peace_n deputy_n lieutenant_n and_o have_v be_v sheriff_n member_n of_o parliament_n and_o bear_v public_a office_n there_o can_v be_v no_o expectation_n or_o fear_n that_o those_o that_o be_v candidate_n for_o parliament_n man_n for_o burrough_n will_v expect_v any_o salary_n or_o reward_n so_o long_o as_o they_o choose_v they_o there_o be_v general_o competitor_n who_o instead_o of_o expect_v wage_n be_v general_o oblige_v now_o to_o vast_a expense_n to_o purchase_v the_o votesâ—_n of_o the_o elector_n so_o that_o now_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o be_v quite_o another_o thing_n than_o what_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v in_o elder_a age_n when_o they_o be_v summon_v principal_o to_o give_v assent_n to_o what_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n do_v to_o assent_v to_o aid_n and_o tax_n and_o apportion_v their_o own_o tax_n bring_v up_o their_o petition_n concern_v grievance_n to_o be_v redress_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n or_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o draw_v up_o impeachment_n against_o great_a offender_n and_o such_o like_a have_v thus_o consider_v the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o before_o henry_n the_o seventh_n time_n in_o all_o its_o branch_n sheriff_n copy_n of_o writ_n of_o summons_n now_o use_v to_o the_o sheriff_n i_o shall_v give_v a_o transcript_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n use_v at_o this_o day_n whereby_o may_v be_v see_v how_o much_o of_o the_o old_a form_n be_v continue_v which_o i_o shall_v insert_v in_o latin_a and_o english_a that_o the_o emphasis_n of_o the_o original_a may_v not_o be_v lose_v rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la de_fw-la advisamento_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la concilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_fw-la &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concernentibus_fw-la quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la etc._n etc._n die_v etc._n etc._n proxime_fw-la futuro_fw-la teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la cum_fw-la praelatis_fw-la
end_n but_o that_o he_o may_v fit_v man_n for_o those_o chain_n and_o fetter_n he_o have_v provide_v for_o he_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o great_a glory_n and_o happiness_n that_o can_v be_v attribute_v to_o he_o of_o gentleness_n and_o benevolence_n which_o be_v conspicuous_a in_o man_n nature_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_n make_v he_o the_o only_a creature_n that_o out_o of_o the_o malignity_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n and_o the_o base_a fear_n he_o make_v inseparable_a from_o it_o shall_v be_v oblige_v for_o his_o own_o benefit_n and_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o rapine_n to_o worry_v and_o destroy_v all_o of_o his_o own_o kind_n till_o they_o all_o become_v yoke_v by_o covenant_n of_o his_o own_o contrive_n never_o yet_o enter_v into_o by_o any_o one_o man_n or_o in_o nature_n possible_a to_o be_v enter_v into_o as_o in_o due_a place_n i_o shall_v make_v appear_v suppose_v however_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n every_o man_n may_v defend_v himself_o and_o annoy_v those_o who_o he_o have_v power_n over_o necessary_a over_o review_n of_o observation_n p._n 20_o 21._o whatever_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v yet_o government_n be_v necessary_a yet_o how_o much_o more_o eligible_a be_v it_o to_o part_v with_o that_o right_n and_o yet_o to_o do_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o nature_n when_o reason_n tell_v we_o we_o shall_v obtain_v a_o more_o excellent_a good_a the_o benefit_n of_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n in_o society_n which_o together_o with_o safety_n and_o plenty_n be_v what_o government_n aim_v at_o the_o people_n find_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o good_a they_o want_v be_v not_o attainable_a without_o a_o common_a protector_n to_o administer_v justice_n equal_o among_o they_o and_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o misery_n that_o will_v befall_v they_o sore_o want_v of_o this_o make_v their_o rout_n become_v society_n the_o salus_fw-la populi_fw-la in_o the_o constitution_n of_o government_n be_v the_o prime_a end_n of_o it_o as_o most_o agreeable_a with_o the_o joint_a interest_n of_o ruler_n and_o people_n the_o multitude_n therefore_o that_o do_v not_o consider_v the_o reason_n that_o make_v all_o people_n commit_v themselves_o government_n the_o reason_n why_o all_o must_v quit_v the_o state_n of_o nature_n to_o submit_v to_o government_n their_o life_n and_o fortune_n to_o the_o trust_n of_o their_o ruler_n aught_o to_o be_v convince_v that_o their_o give_v up_o their_o right_n of_o defend_v themselves_o and_o subject_v they_o to_o government_n and_o restrain_v their_o own_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o lawful_a superior_n will_v conduce_v most_o to_o the_o obtain_n of_o that_o most_o excellent_a good_a the_o benefit_n of_o peace_n and_o society_n every_o one_o be_v in_o less_o danger_n of_o mischief_n from_o the_o rapacious_a and_o bloody_a mind_v live_v in_o society_n and_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o government_n than_o where_o every_o one_o may_v follow_v his_o own_o inclination_n this_o also_o be_v the_o chief_a preservation_n from_o that_o misery_n and_o confusion_n which_o sedition_n and_o rebellion_n general_o blanch_v with_o the_o abuse_a name_n of_o salus_fw-la populi_fw-la have_v bring_v many_o nation_n to_o so_o the_o judicious_a chancellor_n 14._o chancellor_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la ll._n angliae_fw-la c._n 14._o fortescue_n say_v that_o no_o nation_n by_o its_o own_o consent_n be_v incorporate_v into_o a_o kingdom_n but_o that_o thereby_o they_o may_v preservation_n government_n necessary_a for_o preservation_n with_o more_o safety_n than_o before_o maintain_v themselves_o and_o enjoy_v their_o good_n from_o such_o misfortune_n and_o loss_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o therefore_o the_o old_a 42._o old_a adversus_fw-la mathematicos_fw-la lib._n 2._o stobaei_n serm._n 42._o persian_n say_v sextus_n empiricus_n for_o five_o day_n together_o after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o king_n permit_v the_o people_n to_o live_v lawless_a that_o after_o the_o experience_n of_o the_o slaughter_n rapine_n and_o other_o outrage_n commit_v in_o that_o short_a interval_n they_o may_v learn_v to_o hold_v the_o government_n in_o more_o esteem_n self-preservation_n and_o a_o ardent_a desire_n of_o happiness_n say_v a_o interest_n a_o nalson_n common_a interest_n learned_a author_n be_v the_o two_o pole_n upon_o which_o all_o our_o natural_a and_o rational_a desire_n and_o aversion_n move_v these_o be_v the_o tutelar_n and_o inseparable_a companion_n of_o mankind_n through_o all_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o life_n these_o be_v the_o potent_a incentment_n to_o society_n and_o government_n which_o not_o only_o allure_v but_o necessitate_v the_o congress_n combination_n and_o cement_v of_o confederacy_n in_o society_n for_o the_o mutual_a preservation_n and_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o that_o happiness_n all_o do_v covet_v this_o implant_v love_n to_o ourselves_o make_v all_o mortal_n exercise_v their_o best_a faculty_n to_o defend_v and_o ensure_v themselves_o against_o every_o thing_n they_o can_v foresee_v or_o fear_v will_v be_v capable_a of_o disturb_v their_o felicity_n the_o peaceable_a fruition_n of_o which_o be_v the_o upshot_n of_o all_o their_o desire_n and_o appetite_n which_o be_v no_o way_n so_o likely_a to_o be_v effect_v as_o by_o union_n in_o government_n for_o to_o be_v rich_a and_o not_o able_a to_o defend_v our_o wealth_n be_v to_o expose_v ourselves_o as_o a_o prey_n and_o to_o be_v safe_a and_o poor_a be_v to_o be_v secure_o miserable_a both_o which_o be_v avoid_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o government_n furthermore_o government_n the_o common_a people_n not_o to_o be_v order_v without_o government_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o common_a people_n which_o make_v up_o the_o gross_a body_n we_o shall_v find_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o government_n for_o as_o the_o orator_n planeio_fw-la orator_n cicero_n pro_fw-la planeio_fw-la observe_v in_o the_o multitude_n be_v a_o great_a variety_n and_o change_n of_o opinion_n they_o be_v as_o unconstant_a as_o the_o weather_n nothing_o be_v so_o familiar_a with_o they_o as_o the_o change_n of_o their_o affection_n be_v not_o lead_v by_o choice_n and_o wisdom_n to_o judge_v of_o thing_n sed_fw-la impetu_fw-la &_o quadam_fw-la temeritate_fw-la without_o council_n reason_n discrimination_n casarem_fw-la discrimination_n sallust_n ad_fw-la casarem_fw-la or_o diligence_n to_o search_v the_o cause_n and_o forecast_v the_o event_n of_o thing_n by_o custom_n rather_o than_o judgement_n follow_v one_o another_o sentiment_n as_o to_o their_o short-sightedness_n seem_v most_o eligible_a their_o will_n and_o appetite_n be_v no_o less_o various_a than_o their_o feature_n and_o countenance_n their_o action_n and_o design_n turn_v to_o as_o divers_a end_n as_o the_o desire_n that_o guide_v they_o be_v divers_a so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v continue_v long_o together_o in_o society_n and_o peace_n or_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n desire_v if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o strong_a tie_n which_o hold_v they_o unite_v together_o shall_v draw_v they_o all_o along_o to_o the_o same_o end_n when_o there_o be_v no_o 1._o no_o cum_fw-la nec_fw-la imperii_fw-la majestas_fw-la ulla_fw-la nec_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la aut_fw-la curatorum_fw-la est_fw-la imperium_fw-la bodinus_fw-la de_fw-la repub._n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o government_n anarchy_n against_o anarchy_n that_o which_o be_v leave_v be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o anarchy_n which_o be_v describe_v by_o bodinus_fw-la to_o be_v where_o there_o be_v no_o majesty_n of_o empire_n nor_o power_n of_o command_n in_o magistrate_n or_o subordinate_a officer_n no_o form_n of_o a_o city_n none_o find_v to_o command_v or_o obey_v of_o all_o government_n continue_v he_o tyranny_n be_v the_o worst_a but_o of_o all_o tyranny_n idem_fw-la omnium_fw-la deterrima_fw-la plebis_fw-la impotentissima_fw-la potestas_fw-la ex_fw-la his_fw-la tamen_fw-la omnibus_fw-la nihil_fw-la anarchiae_fw-la magis_fw-la pestiferum_fw-la idem_fw-la that_o of_o many_o be_v most_o pernicious_a and_o the_o impotent_a power_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o worst_a yet_o anarchy_n be_v the_o most_o pestiferous_a of_o all_o this_o indeed_o dissolve_v all_o into_o the_o first_o confuse_a chaos_n where_o be_v nothing_o of_o order_n but_o a_o jumble_z of_o jar_a part_n every_o one_o justil_v other_o out_o of_o its_o place_n imagine_v a_o person_n place_v upon_o such_o a_o hill_n that_o he_o may_v see_v below_o he_o a_o confuse_a multitude_n various_a in_o their_o interest_n and_o appetite_n let_v loose_a to_o the_o fiery_a bent_n of_o their_o will_n he_o will_v be_v amaze_v to_o hear_v the_o boisterous_a clamour_n and_o see_v the_o strange_a turmoil_n and_o tempestuous_a toss_n of_o that_o crowd_n the_o desultory_a action_n and_o all_o the_o pageantry_n of_o garboil_n before_o the_o last_o downright_a counter-scufflle_a which_o the_o sage_a wisdom_n of_o one_o man_n if_o he_o may_v be_v hear_v will_v be_v able_a to_o compose_v even_o so_o it_o be_v in_o anarchy_n or_o wherever_o the_o people_n unbridled_a will_n govern_v 3._o govern_v
people_n only_o they_o be_v of_o use_n be_v the_o author_n that_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n who_o they_o wrought_v upon_o by_o their_o suasives_n to_o place_n or_o displace_v magistrate_n or_o to_o enlarge_v or_o circumscribe_v their_o power_n therefore_o he_o scarce_o allow_v the_o 5._o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d id._n l._n 5._o c._n 5._o name_n of_o government_n to_o this_o kind_n of_o republic_n because_o where_o the_o law_n have_v not_o authority_n there_o be_v no_o commonwealth_n for_o that_o these_o demagogue_n make_v the_o mobile_n lord_n over_o the_o law_n and_o constant_o raise_v faction_n against_o the_o rich_a civitate_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la dvas_fw-la faciant_fw-la of_o one_o city_n or_o society_n make_v two_o so_o that_o in_o that_o contest_v most_o a_o oligarchy_n prevail_v and_o by_o the_o petulancy_n of_o the_o demagogue_n who_o lead_v the_o people_n by_o herd_n pretend_v as_o it_o be_v their_o office_n afficere_fw-la office_n neminem_fw-la plebem_fw-la injuria_fw-la afficere_fw-la that_o none_o shall_v injure_v the_o people_n they_o exasperate_v the_o nobility_n to_o subvert_v the_o government_n or_o have_v get_v a_o powerful_a ascendant_n usurp_v it_o themselves_o as_o the_o philosopher_n instance_v in_o the_o island_n of_o chios_n and_o rhodes_n in_o the_o city_n of_o heraclea_n of_o pontus_n in_o the_o colony_n of_o the_o athenian_n at_o megaris_n the_o noble_n be_v abuse_v and_o banish_v right_v themselves_o by_o arm_n and_o obtain_v the_o government_n and_o thrasymachus_n do_v the_o like_a at_o cuma_n these_o demagogue_n among_o the_o grecian_n the_o ephori_fw-la among_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v often_o compare_v as_o officer_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n choose_v to_o support_v the_o people_n interest_n the_o philosopher_n give_v we_o a_o account_n how_o the_o demagogue_n comport_v themselves_o at_o the_o place_n beforenamed_n of_o which_o number_n he_o say_v be_v pericles_n cilon_n hyperbolus_n lycurgus_n hyperides_n demosthenes_n concern_v the_o ephori_fw-la ephori_fw-la of_o the_o ephori_fw-la 7._o ephori_fw-la saepe_fw-la valde_fw-la pauperes_fw-la accidit_fw-la esse_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la magistratu_fw-la qui_fw-la propter_fw-la paupertatem_fw-la sunt_fw-la venales_fw-la polit._n lib._n 2._o c._n 7._o aristotle_n say_v that_o among_o the_o lacedaemonian_n they_o have_v the_o great_a power_n and_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n it_o often_o happen_v that_o very_o poor_a man_n obtain_v the_o office_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o poverty_n be_v mercenary_a as_o he_o instance_v in_o the_o andrici_fw-la where_o they_o be_v corrupt_v with_o money_n lose_v the_o city_n he_o further_o add_v that_o though_o these_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o ignorant_a populace_n and_o often_o be_v man_n very_o unfit_a for_o their_o office_n yet_o they_o have_v judgement_n in_o capital_a matter_n and_o do_v not_o judge_v in_o case_n of_o death_n or_o ignominy_n by_o write_a law_n but_o arbitrary_o so_o that_o the_o very_a king_n of_o sparta_n be_v force_v to_o observe_v caress_n and_o reverence_v they_o as_o to_o the_o tribune_n of_o rome_n rome_n the_o tribune_n of_o rome_n they_o cause_v many_o grievous_a trouble_n about_o the_o agrarian_a law_n sp._n cassius_n be_v the_o first_o according_a to_o valerius_n that_o raise_v those_o dispute_n and_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o father_n though_o livy_n and_o dionysius_n say_v it_o be_v licinius_n stolo_n and_o after_o many_o year_n q._n flaminius_n put_v the_o same_o in_o execution_n the_o senate_n be_v against_o it_o so_o gracchus_n tiberius_n titius_n etc._n etc._n do_v upon_o the_o same_o account_n raise_v great_a commotion_n this_o be_v for_o the_o take_v the_o ancient_a possession_n from_o the_o rich_a and_o distribute_v they_o among_o the_o poor_a therefore_o polit._n therefore_o giphan_n comment_fw-fr in_o c._n 7._o lib._n 2._o polit._n cicero_n say_v it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a thing_n to_o the_o people_n for_o that_o they_o be_v thereby_o support_v without_o labour_n but_o the_o good_a citizen_n resist_v it_o because_o it_o will_v extinguish_v industry_n and_o exhaust_v the_o treasury_n and_o inure_v the_o people_n to_o sloth_n from_o all_o which_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o democracy_n in_o its_o constitution_n be_v only_o fit_v for_o small_a principality_n and_o in_o it_o neither_o industry_n or_o worthy_a person_n can_v have_v encouragement_n how_o obnoxious_a it_o be_v to_o faction_n or_o must_v have_v a_o mixture_n of_o other_o government_n to_o support_v it_o in_o be_v head_v by_o some_o few_o popular_a person_n or_o must_v have_v a_o shadow_n of_o monarchy_n in_o the_o roll_a demagogue_n ephori_fw-la or_o tribune_n otherwise_o it_o can_v subsist_v this_o lead_v i_o to_o the_o five_o argument_n of_o the_o philosopher_n against_o democracy_n durable_a democracy_n least_o durable_a that_o it_o be_v never_o find_v to_o be_v of_o any_o long_a continuance_n for_o 4._o for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d polit._n lib._n 6._o c._n 4._o he_o say_v that_o all_o tyrannical_a constitution_n be_v popular_a and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o of_o all_o government_n what_o be_v tyrannical_a be_v the_o most_o short-lived_a liberty_n be_v the_o end_n and_o scope_n pretend_v according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o democracy_n imperare_fw-la democracy_n vicissim_fw-la parere_fw-la &_o imperare_fw-la to_o obey_v and_o rule_v by_o turn_v the_o sweetness_n of_o command_n induce_v they_o that_o have_v once_o obtain_v it_o to_o continue_v it_o and_o the_o slavery_n of_o obey_v such_o fellow_n and_o companion_n continual_o provoke_v other_o to_o cast_v off_o the_o yoke_n so_o that_o from_o hence_o jar_n and_o feud_n shatter_v the_o government_n in_o piece_n beside_o the_o unwieldy_a body_n of_o the_o people_n seldom_o continue_v long_o in_o one_o mind_n nor_o can_v transact_v thing_n without_o delegation_n of_o power_n to_o some_o few_o by_o all_o which_o their_o instability_n be_v discover_v and_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o continuance_n show_v the_o feeble_a and_o impotent_a principle_n they_o be_v found_v upon_o for_o where_o ever_o it_o have_v have_v any_o duration_n it_o have_v not_o be_v from_o its_o intrinsic_a adapture_n but_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o other_o form_n in_o their_o kind_n more_o durable_a democracy_n be_v in_o itself_o such_o a_o rolling-ground_n that_o nothing_o stable_n can_v be_v build_v upon_o it_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v democracy_n where_o aristotle_n allow_v of_o democracy_n that_o aristotle_n in_o some_o case_n allow_v of_o democracy_n but_o it_o be_v where_o the_o 4._o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d polit._n lib._n 6._o c._n 4._o multitude_n live_v by_o husbandry_n pasture_n or_o feed_v of_o cattle_n for_o these_o be_v continual_o employ_v have_v not_o much_o public_a business_n nor_o leisure_n to_o attend_v the_o assembly_n it_o be_v more_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a for_o they_o to_o mind_v their_o private_a affair_n than_o to_o bear_v office_n where_o little_a profit_n be_v to_o be_v have_v but_o he_o likewise_o observe_v that_o those_o that_o live_v upon_o tillage_n and_o pasture_n be_v the_o ancient_a sort_n of_o people_n before_o luxury_n bring_v in_o handicraft_n and_o artisan_n easy_o yield_v to_o the_o government_n of_o a_o single_a person_n or_o tyranny_n or_o oligarchy_n so_o long_o as_o they_o can_v enjoy_v their_o country_n farm_n in_o peace_n whereas_o those_o in_o city_n consist_v of_o tradesman_n artificer_n the_o mercenary_a multitude_n and_o such_o as_o lead_v a_o idle_a life_n have_v leisure_n and_o curiosity_n to_o carry_v they_o to_o the_o assembly_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o democracy_n or_o aristocracy_n or_o any_o novelty_n or_o change_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n which_o render_v democracy_n most_o take_v with_o the_o vulgar_a answer_v the_o plausible_a plea_n for_o democracy_n answer_v first_o pretend_a impartial_a administration_n of_o justice_n second_o the_o specious_a but_o empty_a name_n of_o liberty_n three_o the_o so_o much_o applaud_v equality_n by_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o reduce_v their_o civil_a constitution_n to_o the_o primary_n law_n of_o nature_n which_o give_v to_o all_o man_n common_a right_n concern_v the_o first_o say_v a_o judicious_a administer_v judicious_a dudley_n dig_v of_o resistance_n p._n 22._o 1._o that_o justice_n be_v not_o so_o impartial_o administer_v author_n who_o discourse_n on_o this_o head_n i_o shall_v epitomise_v their_o hope_n that_o justice_n shall_v be_v more_o equal_o administer_v be_v ground_v upon_o this_o that_o though_o some_o river_n may_v be_v corrupt_v yet_o the_o ocean_n can_v a_o man_n may_v satisfy_v the_o interest_n of_o some_o few_o and_o corrupt_v they_o into_o favour_n and_o respect_n of_o person_n but_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o do_v the_o same_o with_o a_o multitude_n for_o to_o buy_v justice_n of_o so_o many_o will_v be_v no_o thrive_a trade_n but_o this_o though_o plausible_a be_v but_o a_o very_a
dedit_fw-la in_o glossar_n p._n 362._o leges_fw-la pristinas_fw-la long_fw-mi receptas_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la abolevit_fw-la britannisque_fw-la novas_fw-la dedit_fw-la sir_n henry_n spelman_n glossary_a i_o find_v that_o the_o manuscript_n say_v that_o he_o abolish_v the_o old_a law_n receive_v by_o long_a custom_n and_o give_v to_o his_o britan_n new_a one_o which_o from_o the_o maker_n name_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o hoel_n dha_n who_o over_o read_v these_o law_n say_v a_o judicious_a 76._o judicious_a sacred_a law_n p._n 76._o author_n will_v have_v little_a reason_n to_o think_v our_o common_a law_n run_v from_o any_o such_o fountain_n and_o it_o seem_v the_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o people_n be_v far_o worse_o and_o more_o rude_a yet_o as_o the_o proem_n inform_v we_o i_o know_v some_o will_v be_v displease_v that_o i_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o mulmutian_a or_o of_o the_o mercian_n law_n concern_v which_o the_o abbot_n 10._o abbot_n jo._n bromp_n coll._n 956._o num_fw-la 10._o of_o jorval_n and_o the_o monk_n confute_v monk_n lib._n 1._o c._n 50._o concern_v the_o mercian_n law_n not_o british_n see_v for_o this_o and_o against_o it_o what_o the_o judicious_a selden_n have_v write_v in_o his_o four_o five_o and_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o janus_n anglorum_fw-la in_o which_o the_o story_n of_o brute_n be_v judicious_o confute_v of_o chester_n give_v this_o account_n that_o dunwallo_n mulmucius_n a_o british_a king_n who_o live_v 430_o year_n before_o our_o saviour_n make_v those_o law_n which_o continue_v in_o esteem_n till_o edward_n the_o confessor_n day_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o leges_fw-la molmucinae_fw-la in_o which_o he_o appoint_v city_n the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o the_o way_n lead_v to_o they_o and_o the_o plough_n of_o the_o country_n man_n to_o be_v sanctuary_n and_o after_o mercia_n a_o queen_n of_o the_o britan_n wife_n of_o gwithelin_n who_o leland_n call_v mercia_n proba_fw-la in_o the_o minority_n of_o her_o son_n say_v the_o monk_n of_o chester_n who_o rule_v in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o mercian_n publish_v a_o law_n full_a of_o discretion_n and_o justice_n called_z the_o lex_fw-la mercia_n which_o two_o law_n gildas_n the_o historian_n translate_v out_o of_o the_o british_a language_n into_o latin_a and_o these_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n be_v call_v merchena_n laga_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o mercian_n which_o alured_v the_o saxon_a say_v the_o monk_n of_o chester_n from_o the_o latin_a turn_v into_o the_o saxon_a language_n and_o add_v the_o west_n saxon_a law_n and_o canutus_n add_v the_o danelga_n or_o danish_a law_n all_o which_o three_o be_v join_v together_o by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n make_v those_o we_o call_v the_o common_a law_n or_o king_n edward_n law_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o give_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n answer_n in_o his_o glossary_n that_o it_o be_v true_a that_o king_n alfred_n do_v write_v the_o mercian_n law_n into_o his_o own_o west_n saxon_a law_n but_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o law_n that_o he_o collect_v what_o ever_o he_o find_v in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n his_o countryman_n offa_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n or_o ethelbert_n who_o be_v first_o baptize_v and_o those_o that_o be_v just_a he_o collect_v other_o be_v reject_v it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o offa_n a_o saxon_a king_n the_o cruel_a enemy_n to_o the_o britain_n have_v drive_v they_o out_o of_o all_o the_o confine_n of_o his_o kingdom_n into_o wales_n shall_v carry_v back_o their_o law_n as_o his_o spoil_n especial_o the_o law_n be_v so_o wicked_a that_o in_o the_o next_o age_n they_o shall_v be_v expunge_v and_o just_a law_n be_v choose_v as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o those_o of_o hoel_n dha_n i_o shall_v offer_v but_o one_o argument_n more_o and_o so_o conclude_v with_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n opinion_n when_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n make_v his_o law_n anno_fw-la 613._o as_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n i_o shall_v relate_v bede_n say_v he_o frame_v they_o after_o the_o roman_a example_n after_o romana_n bisena_n by_o which_o we_o may_v understand_v either_o according_a to_o the_o law_n then_o use_v by_o the_o civil_a or_o ecclesiastic_a state_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o to_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n empire_n spelman_n glossar_n do_fw-mi lex_fw-la whence_o most_o law_n after_o the_o break_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n he_o say_v when_o the_o goth_n saxon_n longobard_n danes_n norman_n and_o other_o inhabitant_n about_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o northern_a part_n of_o germany_n have_v make_v great_a conquest_n in_o europe_n they_o impose_v their_o law_n every_o where_o upon_o the_o conquer_a and_o their_o country_n riâ—â—_n hence_o the_o agreement_n betwixt_o the_o law_n of_o the_o german_n french_a italian_n spaniard_n and_o sicilian_n and_o who_o ever_o boast_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o their_o municipal_a law_n can_v deduce_v they_o no_o high_o for_o conquiniscet_fw-la for_o quis_fw-la enim_fw-la victor_n populus_fw-la sub_fw-la victi_fw-la legibus_fw-la conquiniscet_fw-la say_v he_o what_o conquer_a people_n will_v bow_v the_o neck_n under_o the_o law_n of_o the_o conquer_a especial_o when_o they_o have_v eject_v a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o out_o of_o the_o country_n so_o that_o if_o the_o britain_n have_v any_o law_n of_o their_o own_o after_o the_o roman_a conquest_n they_o must_v be_v preserve_v in_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o scotland_n and_o after_o in_o wales_n but_o england_n have_v other_o law_n as_o i_o shall_v make_v appear_v hereafter_o chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o german_a government_n and_o law_n of_o several_a country_n after_o break_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o a_o introduction_n to_o understand_v the_o saxon_a lawmaker_n have_v treat_v of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o britan_n under_o the_o roman_n i_o now_o in_o order_n shall_v immediate_o treat_v of_o the_o saxon_n great_a council_n and_o discover_v by_o what_o authority_n law_n be_v make_v in_o their_o time_n who_o make_v up_o the_o great_a council_n and_o who_o advice_n be_v imply_v in_o the_o frame_n of_o their_o law_n but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o particular_n it_o may_v be_v needful_a to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o german_a polity_n a_o member_n of_o which_o most_o famous_a country_n though_o we_o find_v not_o they_o mention_v during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o twelve_o caesar_n no_o doubt_n the_o saxon_n be_v caesar_n tell_v we_o worship_v the_o god_n the_o german_n worship_v the_o german_n have_v no_o druid_n student_fw-la druid_n germani_n neque_fw-la druidas_n habent_fw-la qui_fw-la rebus_fw-la divinis_fw-la praesint_fw-la neque_fw-la sacrisiciis_fw-la student_fw-la which_o attend_v divine_a matter_n nor_o do_v they_o study_v sacrifice_n and_o that_o they_o account_v among_o the_o god_n those_o they_o see_v and_o from_o who_o they_o be_v manifest_o help_v in_o their_o work_n as_o the_o sun_n vulcan_n and_o the_o moon_n the_o rest_n they_o have_v not_o receive_v as_o much_o as_o by_o report_n but_o tacitus_n mention_n their_o god_n tuisto_n bear_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o his_o son_n mannus_n and_o that_o they_o worship_v mercury_n most_o to_o who_o they_o sacrifice_v man_n but_o to_o hercules_n and_o mars_n other_o animal_n improvement_n although_o the_o german_n gaul_n and_o britan_n be_v barbarous_a yet_o they_o be_v valiant_a and_o capable_a of_o great_a improvement_n and_o that_o some_o worship_v isis_n when_o i_o read_v in_o caesar_n tacitus_n diodorus_n strabo_n and_o other_o of_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o the_o german_n gaul_n and_o britan_n their_o homely_a diet_n poor_a cottage_n and_o clothing_n their_o habitation_n disperse_v according_a as_o there_o be_v convenience_n of_o water_n or_o wood_n and_o that_o uncultivated_a disposition_n they_o describe_v i_o be_o ready_a to_o think_v before_o the_o roman_a attacques_n upon_o they_o they_o have_v live_v something_o like_o the_o savage_a indian_n and_o have_v little_a of_o art_n or_o industry_n among_o they_o but_o when_o i_o consider_v on_o the_o other_o side_n their_o great_a army_n their_o weapon_n the_o chariot_n of_o the_o britan_n and_o gaul_n call_v esseda_n the_o 3._o the_o lanceo_n ferreo_fw-la cubitali_fw-la longitudine_fw-la latitudine_fw-la duorum_fw-la palmorum_fw-la aerea_fw-la galea_n caput_fw-la muniâ—bant_fw-la paulatim_fw-la eminentiore_fw-la in_fw-la qua_fw-la aut_fw-la cornua_fw-la impressa_fw-la essent_fw-la aut_fw-la avium_fw-la vel_fw-la quadrupedum_fw-la essigy_n sculptae_fw-la caesar_n l._n 3._o lance_n of_o the_o gaul_n with_o head_n of_o iron_n a_o cubit_n long_o and_o two_o palm_n broad_a their_o large_a shield_n and_o brass_n helmet_n the_o german_a spear_n call_v framâ—â—â—_n and_o the_o ornament_n of_o their_o shield_n and_o helmet_n with_o figure_n of_o bird_n or_o fourfooted_a beast_n in_o brass_n their_o orderly_a raise_n of_o such_o and_o such_o number_n of_o man_n in_o such_o and_o such_o circuit_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o city_n and_o their_o train_n up_o
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than_o by_o certain_a authority_n receive_v other_o be_v by_o long_a disuse_n forget_v and_o after_o they_o be_v thus_o establish_v by_o imperial_a authority_n yet_o the_o succeed_a barbarity_n of_o the_o age_n and_o the_o new_a kingdom_n erect_v cause_v other_o law_n to_o obtain_v force_n the_o first_o of_o which_o we_o find_v very_o rude_a all_o the_o first_o law_n we_o read_v of_o in_o any_o nation_n seem_v either_o so_o comparative_o to_o the_o refinedness_n of_o the_o law_n in_o these_o age_n or_o else_o the_o digester_n and_o authorizer_n of_o they_o complain_v how_o obscure_a rude_a or_o indigested_a those_o be_v out_o of_o which_o they_o extract_v they_o conquest_n the_o great_a subversion_n the_o saxon_n make_v by_o their_o conquest_n the_o saxon_n make_v so_o great_a and_o universal_a a_o subversion_n in_o the_o state_n that_o scarce_o any_o city_n dwelling_n river_n hill_n or_o mountain_n retain_v its_o former_a roman_a or_o british_a name_n so_o that_o we_o have_v less_o reason_n to_o expect_v any_o satisfactory_a account_n either_o of_o british_a history_n polity_n or_o law_n when_o we_o only_o know_v where_o they_o have_v camp_n station_n or_o city_n palace_n or_o fortification_n or_o temple_n by_o the_o coin_n brick_n tessellate_v pavement_n glass_n earthen_a or_o jet_n fragment_n of_o cup_n and_o other_o householdstuff_n or_o urn_n and_o sacrifice_a dish_n which_o by_o chance_n have_v be_v find_v in_o the_o rubbish_n of_o many_o town_n that_o have_v be_v certain_o fire_v and_o total_o demolish_v which_o sufficient_o disâ—â—ver_o the_o noble_a structure_n and_o rich_a furniture_n the_o romen_n and_o britan_n have_v before_o the_o saxon_a invasion_n beside_o which_o we_o may_v consider_v not_o only_o the_o continual_a war_n and_o depredation_n the_o saxon_n make_v one_o upon_o another_o but_o that_o the_o daves_n like_o a_o fatal_a hurricane_a or_o whirlwind_n tear_v up_o root_n and_o branch_n every_o where_o overturning_a ransack_v burn_a and_o destroy_v all_o that_o they_o can_v not_o peaceable_o possess_v have_v thus_o far_o treat_v of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o britan_n and_o something_o of_o the_o law_n in_o general_a council_n a_o short_a glossary_a of_o the_o name_n or_o title_n of_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o great_a council_n as_o a_o praeliminary_n to_o the_o better_a understanding_n who_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o person_n who_o we_o find_v do_v constitute_v the_o great_a council_n i_o shall_v out_o of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n somner_n and_o doctor_n brady_n give_v a_o very_a short_a glossary_a refer_v the_o curious_a reader_n to_o the_o book_n themselves_o the_o most_o common_a word_n in_o the_o saxon_a law_n that_o be_v use_v beside_o the_o bishop_n 5._o the_o witan_a or_o wites_z einhard_n divide_v the_o german_n into_o four_o sort_n of_o degree_n the_o noble_a freeman_n those_o make_v free_a and_o servant_n his_o word_n be_v quatuor_fw-la differentiis_fw-la gens_fw-la illa_fw-la consistiâ—_n nobilium_fw-la sâ—iliâ—et_fw-la liberorum_fw-la libertorum_fw-la atque_fw-la servorum_fw-la adam_n brem_n hâ—â—t_fw-la eccles_n c._n 5._o to_o express_v the_o person_n