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if_o this_o be_v not_o so_o he_o must_v think_v that_o no_o crime_n be_v capital_a but_o the_o punishment_n of_o capital_a crime_n or_o that_o no_o man_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o supreme_a power_n but_o he_o that_o be_v create_v for_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o yet_o even_o this_o will_v not_o stop_v the_o gap_n for_o the_o law_n that_o condemn_v the_o magistrate_n to_o die_v can_v be_v of_o no_o effect_n if_o there_o be_v no_o man_n to_o execute_v it_o and_o there_o can_v be_v none_o if_o the_o law_n prohibit_v it_o or_o that_o he_o who_o do_v it_o be_v to_o die_v for_o it_o and_o this_o go_v on_o to_o infinity_n for_o be_v a_o magistrate_n can_v not_o put_v a_o citizen_n to_o death_n i_o suppose_v a_o citizen_n can_v not_o put_v to_o death_n a_o magistrate_n for_o he_o also_o be_v a_o citizen_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n we_o may_v conclude_v that_o malice_n be_v blind_a and_o that_o wickedness_n be_v madness_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o say_v more_o in_o praise_n of_o popular_a government_n than_o will_v result_v from_o what_o he_o say_v against_o they_o his_o reproach_n be_v praise_n and_o his_o praise_n reproach_n as_o government_n be_v institute_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o govern_v the_o roman_n be_v spare_v of_o blood_n and_o be_v wise_o commend_v by_o livy_n for_o it_o nulli_fw-la unquam_fw-la populo_fw-la mitiores_fw-la placuere_fw-la poenae_fw-la which_o gentleness_n will_v never_o be_v blame_v unless_o by_o those_o who_o be_v please_v with_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o the_o fury_n of_o those_o monster_n who_o with_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o best_a part_n of_o mankind_n usurp_v the_o dominion_n of_o that_o glorious_a city_n but_o if_o the_o roman_n be_v gentle_a in_o punish_v offence_n they_o be_v also_o diligent_a in_o prevent_v they_o the_o excellence_n of_o their_o discipline_n lead_v the_o youth_n to_o virtue_n and_o the_o honour_n they_o receive_v for_o recompense_v confirm_v they_o in_o it_o by_o this_o mean_v many_o of_o they_o become_v law_n to_o themselves_o and_o they_o who_o be_v not_o the_o most_o excellent_a be_v yet_o teach_v so_o much_o of_o good_a that_o they_o have_v a_o veneration_n for_o those_o they_o can_v not_o equal_a which_o not_o only_o serve_v to_o incite_v they_o to_o do_v well_o according_a to_o their_o talent_n but_o keep_v they_o in_o such_o awe_n as_o to_o fear_v incur_v their_o ill_a opinion_n by_o any_o bad_a action_n as_o much_o as_o by_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n this_o integrity_n of_o manner_n make_v the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v useless_a and_o whilst_o they_o seem_v to_o sleep_v ignorant_a person_n think_v there_o be_v none_o but_o their_o discipline_n be_v corrupt_v by_o prosperity_n those_o vice_n come_v in_o which_o make_v way_n for_o the_o monarchy_n and_o wickedness_n be_v place_v in_o the_o throne_n there_o be_v no_o safety_n for_o any_o but_o such_o as_o will_v be_v of_o the_o same_o spirit_n and_o the_o empire_n be_v ruin_v by_o it_o sect_n xix_o that_o corruption_n and_o venality_n which_o be_v natural_a to_o court_n be_v seldom_o find_v in_o popular_a government_n our_o author_n next_o work_n be_v with_o that_o modesty_n and_o truth_n which_o be_v natural_a to_o he_o to_o impute_v corruption_n and_o venality_n to_o commonwealth_n he_o know_v that_o monarchy_n be_v exempt_v from_o those_o evil_n and_o have_v discover_v this_o truth_n from_o the_o integrity_n observe_v in_o the_o modern_a court_n of_o england_n france_n and_o spain_n or_o the_o more_o ancient_a of_o rome_n and_o persia_n but_o after_o many_o falsehood_n in_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o misrepresentation_n of_o that_o which_o be_v true_a he_o show_v that_o the_o corruption_n venality_n and_o violence_n he_o blame_v be_v neither_o the_o effect_n of_o liberty_n nor_o consistent_a with_o it_o cneius_n manlius_n who_o with_o his_o asiatic_a army_n bring_v in_o the_o luxury_n that_o give_v birth_n to_o those_o mischief_n do_v probable_o follow_v the_o loosenss_n of_o his_o own_o disposition_n yet_o the_o best_a and_o wise_a man_n of_o that_o time_n know_v from_o the_o beginning_n that_o it_o will_v ruin_v the_o city_n unless_o a_o stop_n may_v be_v put_v to_o the_o course_n of_o that_o evil_n but_o they_o who_o have_v see_v king_n under_o their_o foot_n and_o can_v no_o long_o content_v themselves_o with_o that_o equality_n which_o be_v necessary_a among_o citizen_n foment_v it_o as_o the_o chief_a mean_n to_o advance_v their_o ambitious_a design_n though_o marius_n be_v rigid_a in_o his_o nature_n and_o care_v neither_o for_o money_n nor_o sensual_a pleasure_n yet_o he_o favour_v those_o vice_n in_o other_o and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v use_v of_o they_o to_o his_o advantage_n catiline_n be_v one_o of_o the_o lewd_a man_n in_o the_o world_n and_o have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o compass_v his_o design_n than_o by_o render_v other_o as_o bad_a as_o himself_o and_o cesar_n set_v up_o his_o tyranny_n by_o spread_v that_o corruption_n far_o than_o the_o other_o have_v be_v able_a to_o do_v and_o though_o he_o caligula_n and_o some_o other_o be_v slay_v yet_o the_o best_a man_n find_v it_o as_o impossible_a to_o restore_v liberty_n to_o the_o city_n when_o it_o be_v corrupt_v as_o the_o worst_a have_v do_v to_o set_v up_o a_o tyranny_n whilst_o the_o integrity_n of_o their_o manner_n do_v continue_v man_n have_v a_o strange_a propensity_n to_o run_v into_o all_o manner_n of_o excess_n when_o plenty_n of_o mean_n invite_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o power_n to_o deter_v of_o which_o the_o succeed_a emperor_n take_v advantage_n and_o know_v that_o even_o their_o subsistence_n depend_v upon_o it_o they_o think_v themselves_o oblige_v by_o interest_n as_o well_o as_o inclination_n to_o make_v honour_n and_o preferment_n the_o reward_n of_o vice_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o always_o true_a in_o the_o utmost_a extent_n that_o all_o man_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o king_n yet_o it_o be_v of_o very_o great_a efficacy_n though_o some_o be_v so_o good_a that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v pervert_v and_o other_o so_o bad_a that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v correct_v yet_o a_o great_a number_n do_v always_o follow_v the_o course_n that_o be_v favour_v and_o reward_v by_o those_o that_o govern_v there_o be_v idolater_n doubtless_o among_o the_o jew_n in_o the_o day_n of_o david_n and_o hezekiah_n but_o they_o prosper_v better_a under_o jeroboam_n and_o ahab_n england_n be_v not_o without_o papist_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n but_o they_o thrive_v much_o better_a during_o the_o reign_n of_o her_o furious_a sister_n false_a witness_n and_o accuser_n have_v a_o better_a trade_n under_o tiberius_n who_o call_v they_o custodes_fw-la legum_n than_o under_o trajan_n who_o abhor_v they_o and_o whore_n player_n fiddler_n with_o other_o such_o vermin_n abound_v certain_o more_o when_o encourage_v by_o nero_n than_o when_o despise_v by_o antoninus_n and_o marcus_n aurelius_n but_o as_o every_o one_o of_o these_o manifest_v what_o he_o be_v by_o those_o he_o favour_v or_o punish_v and_o that_o a_o man_n can_v only_o be_v judge_v by_o his_o principle_n or_o practice_n he_o that_o will_v know_v whether_o absolute_a monarchy_n or_o mix_a government_n do_v most_o foment_n or_o punish_v venality_n and_o corruption_n aught_o to_o examine_v the_o principle_n and_o practice_n of_o both_o and_o compare_v they_o one_o with_o the_o other_o as_o to_o the_o principle_n the_o abovementioned_a vice_n may_v be_v profitable_a to_o private_a man_n but_o they_o can_v never_o be_v so_o to_o the_o government_n if_o it_o be_v popular_a or_o mix_v no_o people_n be_v ever_o the_o better_a for_o that_o which_o render_v they_o weak_a or_o base_a and_o a_o due_o create_v magistracy_n govern_v a_o nation_n with_o their_o consent_n can_v have_v no_o interest_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o public_a or_o desire_v to_o diminish_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v their_o own_o and_o by_o which_o they_o subsist_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o absolute_a monarch_n who_o govern_v for_o himself_o and_o chief_o seek_v his_o own_o preservation_n look_v upon_o the_o strength_n and_o bravery_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o the_o root_n of_o his_o great_a danger_n and_o frequent_o desire_v to_o render_v they_o weak_a base_a corrupt_a and_o unfaithful_a to_o each_o other_o that_o they_o may_v neither_o dare_v to_o attempt_v the_o break_n of_o the_o yoke_n he_o lay_v upon_o they_o nor_o trust_v one_o another_o in_o any_o generous_a design_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o liberty_n so_o that_o the_o same_o corruption_n which_o preserve_v such_o a_o prince_n if_o it_o be_v introduce_v by_o a_o people_n will_v weaken_v if_o not_o utter_o destroy_v they_o again_o all_o thing_n have_v their_o continuance_n from_o a_o principle_n in_o
mother_n and_o nurse_n of_o they_o though_o i_o shall_v fill_v a_o volume_n with_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n as_o i_o may_v easy_o do_v such_o as_o our_o author_n will_v say_v that_o in_o popular_a government_n man_n look_v upon_o mischief_n as_o thunder_n and_o only_o wish_v it_o may_v not_o touch_v themselves_o but_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o scorn_n and_o hatred_n they_o deserve_v by_o their_o impudence_n and_o folly_n i_o conclude_v this_o point_n with_o the_o answer_n that_o trajano_n boccalini_n put_v into_o the_o mouth_n of_o apollo_n to_o the_o prince_n 99_o who_o complain_v that_o their_o subject_n have_v not_o that_o love_n to_o their_o country_n as_o have_v be_v and_o be_v daily_o see_v in_o those_o who_o live_v under_o commonwealth_n which_o do_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o tell_v they_o that_o their_o ill_a government_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o defect_n and_o that_o the_o prejudices_fw-la incur_v by_o rapine_n violence_n and_o fraud_n be_v to_o be_v repair_v only_o by_o liberality_n justice_n and_o such_o a_o care_n of_o their_o subject_n that_o they_o may_v live_v happy_o under_o they_o sect_n xxii_o commonwealth_n seek_v peace_n or_o war_n according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o their_o constitution_n if_o i_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v in_o general_a of_o popular_a or_o mix_v government_n as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o found_v on_o the_o same_o principle_n it_o be_v only_o because_o our_o author_n without_o distinction_n have_v general_o blame_v they_o all_o and_o general_o impute_v to_o every_o one_o those_o fault_n which_o perhaps_o never_o be_v in_o any_o but_o most_o certain_o be_v direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o temper_n and_o constitution_n of_o many_o among_o they_o malice_n and_o ignorance_n reign_v so_o equal_o in_o he_o that_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v from_o which_o of_o the_o two_o this_o false_a representation_n proceed_v but_o lest_o any_o man_n shall_v thereby_o be_v impose_v upon_o it_o be_v time_n to_o observe_v that_o the_o constitution_n of_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v so_o various_a according_a to_o the_o different_a temper_n of_o nation_n and_o time_n that_o if_o some_o of_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v principal_o constitute_v for_o war_n other_o have_v as_o much_o delight_v in_o peace_n and_o many_o have_v take_v the_o middle_n and_o as_o some_o think_v the_o best_a way_n have_v so_o moderate_v their_o love_n to_o peace_n as_o not_o to_o suffer_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o people_n to_o fall_v but_o keep_v they_o in_o a_o perpetual_a readiness_n to_o make_v war_n when_o there_o be_v occasion_n and_o every_o one_o of_o those_o have_v follow_v several_a way_n and_o end_n deserve_v our_o particular_a consideration_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n sparta_n thebes_n and_o all_o the_o association_n of_o the_o etolian_o achaian_n sabine_n latin_n samnite_n and_o many_o other_o that_o ancient_o flourish_v in_o greece_n and_o italy_n seem_v to_o have_v intend_v nothing_o but_o the_o just_a preservation_n of_o liberty_n at_o home_n and_o make_v war_n abroad_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o spain_n germany_n and_o gaul_n seek_v the_o same_o thing_n their_o principal_a work_n be_v to_o render_v their_o people_n valiant_a obedient_a to_o their_o commander_n lover_n of_o their_o country_n and_o always_o ready_a to_o fight_v for_o it_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n when_o the_o senator_n of_o rome_n have_v kill_v romulus_n they_o persuade_v julius_n proculus_n to_o affirm_v that_o he_o have_v see_v he_o in_o a_o most_o glorious_a form_n ascend_v to_o heaven_n and_o promise_v great_a thing_n to_o the_o city_n proinde_fw-la rem_fw-la militarem_fw-la colant_fw-la the_o athenian_n be_v not_o less_o incline_v to_o war_n but_o apply_v themselves_o to_o trade_n as_o subservient_fw-fr to_o that_o end_n by_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o the_o mean_n of_o carry_v it_o on_o with_o more_o vigour_n and_o power_n the_o phenician_a city_n of_o which_o carthage_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a follow_v the_o same_o method_n but_o know_v that_o riches_n do_v not_o desn_v themselves_o or_o scorn_v slothful_o to_o enjoy_v what_o be_v gain_v by_o commerce_n they_o so_o far_o apply_v themselves_o to_o war_n that_o they_o grow_v to_o a_o power_n which_o rome_n only_o be_v able_a to_o overthrow_v venice_n florence_n genoa_n lucca_n and_o some_o other_o city_n of_o italy_n seem_v chief_o to_o have_v aim_v at_o trade_n and_o place_v the_o hope_n of_o their_o safety_n in_o the_o protection_n of_o more_o powerful_a state_n unwilling_o enter_v into_o war_n especial_o by_o land_n and_o when_o they_o do_v they_o make_v they_o by_o mercenary_a soldier_n again_o some_o of_o those_o that_o intend_a war_n desire_v to_o enlarge_v their_o territory_n by_o conquest_n other_o only_o to_o preserve_v their_o own_o and_o to_o live_v with_o freedom_n and_o safety_n upon_o they_o rome_n be_v of_o the_o first_o sort_n and_o know_v that_o such_o end_n can_v be_v accomplish_v without_o great_a number_n of_o man_n they_o free_o admit_v stranger_n into_o the_o city_n senate_n and_o magistracy_n numa_n be_v a_o sabin_n tarqvinius_n priscus_n be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o grecian_a one_o hundred_o of_o those_o sabine_n who_o come_v with_o tatius_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o senate_n appius_n claudius_n of_o the_o same_o people_n come_v to_o rome_n be_v make_v a_o member_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o create_v consul_n they_o demolish_v several_a city_n and_o bring_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o their_o own_o give_v the_o right_n of_o citizen_n to_o many_o other_o sometime_o to_o whole_a city_n and_o province_n and_o care_v not_o how_o many_o they_o receive_v so_o as_o they_o can_v engraft_v they_o upon_o the_o same_o interest_n with_o the_o old_a stock_n and_o season_v they_o with_o the_o same_o principle_n discipline_n and_o manner_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o spartan_n desire_v only_o to_o continue_v free_a virtuous_a and_o safe_a in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o their_o own_o territory_n and_o think_v themselves_o strong_a enough_o to_o defend_v it_o frame_v a_o most_o severe_a discipline_n to_o which_o few_o stranger_n will_v submit_v they_o banish_v all_o those_o curious_a art_n that_o be_v useful_a to_o trade_n prohibit_v the_o importation_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n appoint_v the_o helotes_n to_o cultivate_v their_o land_n and_o to_o exercise_v such_o trade_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n admit_v few_o stranger_n to_o live_v among_o they_o make_v none_o of_o they_o free_a of_o their_o city_n and_o educate_v their_o youth_n in_o such_o exercise_n only_o as_o prepare_v they_o for_o war._n i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o judge_n whether_o this_o proceed_v from_o such_o a_o moderation_n of_o spirit_n as_o place_v felicity_n rather_o in_o the_o fullness_n and_o stability_n of_o liberty_n integrity_n virtue_n and_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o their_o own_o than_o in_o riches_n power_n and_o dominion_n over_o other_o nor_o which_o of_o these_o two_o different_a method_n deserve_v most_o to_o be_v commend_v but_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o both_o succeed_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o founder_n rome_n conquer_v the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o never_o want_v man_n to_o defend_v what_o be_v gain_v sparta_n live_v in_o such_o happiness_n and_o reputation_n that_o till_o it_o be_v invade_v by_o epaminondas_n a_o enemy_n trumpet_n have_v not_o be_v hear_v by_o those_o within_o the_o town_n for_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o hundred_o year_n and_o never_o suffer_v any_o great_a disaster_n till_o recede_v from_o their_o own_o institution_n they_o be_v bring_v by_o prosperity_n to_o affect_v the_o principality_n of_o greece_n and_o to_o undertake_v such_o war_n as_o can_v not_o be_v carry_v on_o without_o money_n and_o great_a number_n of_o man_n than_o a_o small_a city_n be_v able_a to_o furnish_v by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o beg_v assistance_n from_o the_o barbarian_n who_o they_o scorn_v and_o hate_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o story_n of_o callicratidas_n lysander_n and_o agesilaus_n and_o fall_v into_o such_o strait_n as_o be_v never_o recover_v the_o like_a variety_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o constitution_n of_o those_o northern_a nation_n that_o invade_v the_o roman_a empire_n for_o though_o all_o of_o they_o intend_a war_n and_o look_v upon_o those_o only_a to_o be_v member_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n who_o use_v arm_n to_o defend_v they_o yet_o some_o do_v immediate_o incorporate_v themselves_o with_o those_o of_o the_o conquer_a country_n of_o this_o number_n be_v the_o frank_n who_o present_o become_v one_o nation_n with_o the_o gaul_n other_o keep_v themselves_o in_o a_o distinct_a body_n as_o the_o saxon_n do_v from_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o goth_n for_o more_o than_o three_o hundred_o year_n that_o they_o reign_v in_o spain_n never_o contract_v marriage_n or_o otherwise_o mix_v with_o
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