Parisi Amongst them was distributed Lancashire York-shire Richmond-shire Durham Westmerland and Cumberland 15. Silures Herefordshire Radnorshire Brecknock-shire Monmouth-shire and Glamorgan-shire was their part or share 16. Dimetae These Inhabitants were Lords of Caermeraen-shire Pembrokshire and Cardigan-shire 17. Ottodini They kept Northumberland Teifidale Twedale March and Louthien These 14 sorts of People following were dispersed up and down in Scotland namely 1. Selgovae 2. Novantes 3. Damnii 4. Calledonii Gadini 5. Epidii 6. Vicemagi 7. Vennicones 8. Tezali 9. Cantae 10. Creones Cerontes 11. Carnonacae 12. Carini 13. Cornabii 14. Simertaae Logi Now I shall proceed to give a brief hint at some Remarkable Passages which happened within the times of these thirteen British Princes following who opposed the Romans Conquest and so conclude this Chapter 1. Cassibelan This Prince was Governour of the Trinobants and was Brother to King Lud who at his Death had left behind two Sons Andragius and Temantius and they being young this Man took upon him the Government of the Britains and when his Nephews came at Age he gave to Andragius Trinovant now called London and the Dukedom of Kent and to Temantius he gave the Dukedom of Cornwal But Andragius and his Vncle falling at odds he thereupon sent for Julius Cesar and begged his Assistance against his Vncle who fought Cassibelan and overcame him and caused the Island for his Rebellion to pay three hundred pounds yearly by way of Tribute to Rome Andragius went along at this time with Julius Cesar to Rome and after Cassibelan's Death at York Temantius was King Their Father King Lud built the West-Gate of the City Trinovant and called it Ludgate and the City after his own Name Caerlud which is now the famous City of London 2. Cingitorix Carvil Taximagul and Segonax These were Kings of Kent and withstanding Julius Cesar at the same time Cassibelan stood out they were totally routed their Men slain Cingitorix taken and the other three forced to fly and shift for themselves 3. Senimagues Cegontians Ancalits Bibroses and Cassians These were the States of the Icenians who seeing Cesars Valour and Progress in the Wars against their Neighbouring Princes they thereupon grew faint hearted laid down their Arms and submitted 4. Cunobeline he was King of the Britains and the first man that stamped his Image on his Coin he was Knighted by Cesar and had his Princely seat at Malden in Essex then a famous City in the twenty third year of his Reign our Saviour Christ was born Augustus Cesar in this King's time was three times prepared for War against the Britains but was every time diverted by other business and came not 5. Guiderus This man was Son to Cunobeline and being of an haughty Spirit he denied the Tribute to the Romans at which Caligula the Emperour was much inraged and made a great show of coming into Britain but took up at the Belgieve-Shore and there causes his Army to gather Cockle-shells and rediculously returned Triumphantly with the Spoils as he accounted it of the Ocean but Claudius Drusius the succeding Emperor by his Deputy here in Britain fought Guiderus and overthrew his Britains the King being slain by Hamo as the Story goes who siding with the Romans put on Brittish formalities and by that means got near to the King and slew him whereupon Hamo was pursued by Auviragus the King's Brother to the Sea side and there was slain whence the place took the name of Hamo's haven which is now called Southampton 6. Catacratus Second Son to Cunobeline standing in opposition to Aulus Plautinus Deputy to Drusius the Emperour he was at length overcome with a great slaughter of his Men himself taken and bound and carried to Rome and there led thorow the City in honour of Plautinus 7. Togodumnus This was Third Son to Cunobeline he was slain in Battel against the Romans but had put them into such Fear That Plautius sent for Drusius the Emperour to come over who accordingly came here into Britain 8. Arviragus he was King of the Britains and so stoutly withstood Drusius the Emperour in several Conflicts till at length Drusius concluded a Marriage between Arviragus and Genissa Drusius his Daughter 9. Cogidunus This Man was Ruler over certain Cities bestowed upon him by the Romans 10. Caractacus He was Prince of the Silures and after several Conflicts with the Româ—â—us he was at length brought to shelter himself under the Wings of Cartismandua the faithless Queen of the Britains who delivered him to the Romans and being conveyed to Rome when he beheld the Riches and Glory of the City he reproved the Romans that being Masters of such glorious things they should nevertheless be greedy after the Possessions of the poor Britains 11. Prasutagus This Man being King of the Icenians made the Emperor Nero his Heir leaving his noble Queen Boduo and his two Daughters to the Emperor's Protection who abusing his Trust had 80000 of his Romans slain by the valour of Queen Boduo 12. Venutius King of the Brigantes he was Ruined and overthrown by reason of his Adulterous Queen Cartismandua joining with the Romans 13. Galgacus He was Prince of the Calledonians and was the last that held out against the Romans for with him the whole Island became subject to the Romans about a hundred thirty six years after Cesars first entrance into Brittain And so many years it was before the Romans came to understand that Britain was an Island CHAP. III. Of the Roman Emperors and their Deputies who ruled over and continued the Britains under their Subjection 1. JVlius Cesar first Emperor of Rome after he had made himself Lord of Germany came from thence into England his first Entrance was at Barhamdown in the year of the World 3873. He made the Britains submit three times before his Departure He made Comius his Deputy and at his next coming into Britain he laid on the Tribute of 300 l. per annum on them II. Augustus Cesar This Emperor perpared three times for Britain and still upon their Submission deferred his intended Voyage In the 42 year of his Reign our Saviour JESVS CHRIST was born Anno Mundi 3970 according to some Authors In 〈◊〉 â—mperor's time and in the two succeeding Emperor's Reigns Cunobeline was Deputy here in Britaâ—â— III. Tiberius Cesar He began his Reign in the year of CHRIST the Sixteenth and in the Eighteenth year of his Reign CHRIST was crucified at Jerusalem And Dionisius Areopagita who lived at this time seeing the strange Eclipse of the Sun and Moon at the instant hour of our Saviour's Passion said Aut Deus naturae patitur aut Mundi machina dissolvitur IV. Caius Caligula This Emperor banished Pontius Pilate who was CHRIST's Judge who afterwards in Dispair slew himself Anno Domini 41. in the 39 year of CHRIST this Emperor began his Reign and reigned three years and about 10 months he playned Mountains made Valleys of Hills and built Towers in the deep Sea
falling into unlawful Love with Lady Igren the Duke of Cornwall's Wife in the mean time the two Prisoners escaped from their Keepers and advanced into the Field again where they were met again by the King and Ebusa and Octa slain and their Saxons put to the Rout and shortly after Vter died of Poyson put into a Well of which he used to drink having reigned 18 years his Reign began Anno 498. 5. Arthur He was Son to Vter Pendragon begotten on Lady Igren this is him of whom so many Incredible things are reported in the Monkish Legendaries that they make his true Atchievements questionable He warred against the Saxons and chased Colgerne their Captain from his Camp in Northumberland to York from whence he escaped into Germany and returned with 70 Sail of Ships into Scotland Whereupon Arthur sent for his Nephew Howel King of Little Britain who came in person to his Aid He fought twelve Battels with the Saxons the 1. at the Mouth of the River Gleyn the 2 3 4 and 5 on Dougla's Banks the 6 on the River Bassus the 7 in the Wood Callidon or Celidon near Lincoln the 8 near the Castle Guinion the 9 in Wales the 10 at Rithowood the 11 on the Hill Agned Castergonion and 12 at Baden-hills where he slew 140 Saxons with his own hands some say 800. The Reliques of this Arthur's Round Table are shown at Winchester and of the twenty four Seats thereof amongst the Welsh Lancelot Tristram and Gawen were of his chiefest Knights which Names are commonly still given with us in Baptism he began his Reign Anno 516 and reigned 26 years he was buried as some Authors affirm in the Vale of Avelon besides Glastenbury and about 600 years after in King Henry the II. time his body was taken up and translated into the Church 6. Constantine He was son to Cador Duke of Cornwall and Cosin to Arthur He slew the two Sons of Mordred King of the Picts the one at the Altar in St. Paul's London the other at Winchester to which places they were fled for Sanctuary but himself was afterwards slain by Aurelius Conatus his Successor he began his Reign Anno 542. and reigned 3 years 7. Aurelius Conatus This man put several of his Subjects to death imprisoned his Vncle and slew his two Sons for no cause at all but because they were lawful Heirs between him and the Crown he began his Reign Anno 545. and reigned 33 years 8. Vortiporus He is recorded by some to have fought several Battels with the Saxons and to be a Valiant Defender of his Country but Guildas accuses him of Murthers on his own Kin and Adulteries He began his Reign Anno 578. and reign'd 3 years 9. Malgo Canonus Nephew to the last King he is branded with the sin of Sodomy and the murder of his Vncle And Guildas calls him a Tawny Butcher a Bear a Contemner of Religion and an Oppressor of the Clergy words as unfit for a Clergy-man to give as a King to bear Some say That hereupon he out of Remorse of Conscience betook himself to a Monastery but quickly threw off his Cowl again and ended his life in his former desperate Courses He was a comely person and began his Reign Anno 581. and reign'd 5 years 10. Careticus He was forced to fly into Chichester for his safety to which place the Saxons and one Gurmund a great Pirate followed him and by a Stratagem of tying fire to the feet of Sparrows they lighting amongst some dry Straw set the City on fire and consumed it But Careticus escaping hence ended his Life in the Mountains in Wales whither he was fled He began his Reign Anno 586. and reigned 3 years 11. Cadwan This Man after 24 years Civil Dissention was made King during which Stirs Augustine the Monk sent hither by Pope Gregory to convert the Saxons carrying himself too high at a Meeting with the British Bishops at a place thereupon called Austin's-Oak in Worcester-shire no Agreement could be made amongst them upon which Account through Austin's means as is thought a Massacre was executed upon the harmless Monks at Bangor 2000 of them being slain by the wicked Ethelfride King of Northumberland Whereupon Cadwan and Ethelfride met in the Field for Battel but a Peace was concluded on and Amity continued during these King's lives This King began his Reign Anno 613. and reigned 22 years 12. Cadwallo He was Son to Cadwan he warred strongly against the Saxons and joined with Penda the Pagan King of the Mercians who together slew good King Edwine of Northumberland and his Son Prince Offride the two Apostates also Osrick and Eaufride Kings of Deira and Bernicia were slain by Cadwallo He began his Reign Anno 635. and reigned 48 years 13. Cadwallader Son to Cadwallo In his time there was such a Famine and Pestilence that the Living were scarce able to bury the Dead which continued the space of 11 years so that the Land became desolate and the King left the Land and went to his Cosin Allan King of Little Britain in France The Saxons taking Advantage of these Miseries lamentably oppressed the poor Britains to whose Aid Cadwallader was intended once to return but afterwards being over-swayed by contrary thoughts and diverted by a Dream he went on Pilgrimage to Rome and receiving the Habit of Religion from Pope Sergius he there died and was interred with whom died all the Hopes of the Britains and so the Saxons became Soveraign Lords and Masters of this Island This King began his Reign Anno 685. and reigned about 4 years CHAP. VI. Of the Saxon Princes who incroached upon one anothers Territories and so became Petty Monarcks of some certain Countries only in Britain They are accounted to be about 14 as followeth 1. CHeuline He fought against Ethelbert King of Kent and at Wimbledon defeated his Army and flew two of his Dukes and this is said to be the first Battel that was among the Saxons themselves he gave a great Overthrow also to the Britains shortly after at Bedford and surprised four of their Towns Liganburgh Ailsbury Bensington and Evesham And about six years after he fought the Britains again at Deorham and slew Coinmagil Candigan and Farmnagil three of the British Kings surprising also three of their Cities Gloucester Bath and Cirencester And not long after this encountring the Britains again at Wodnesbeoth he was there put to flight and his Son Prince Cuth slain this Victory was obtained aagaist him by the help of the Saxons under the Command of Cealrick Chewline's Nephew This King began his Reign Anno 561 reigned 33 years to whom we give the place of the first petty Monarch 2. Ethelbert In this King's time it was that Gregory Arch-Deacon of Rome did see some Youths of this Island there to be sold and seeing them very fair he demanded from whence they came it was told him from Britain out of the Province De Ira Ah! said he It is
happened such a Raging Fire in London that it consumed a great part of the City from West-Cheap to Algate The next year after being the 34 of the King Duke Robert the King's Brother after 26 years Imprisonment and the putting out of his Eyes died in Prison And this year Worcester and Rochester were burnt This Henry the First was King of England and Duke of Normandy he was the 4th Son of William the Conqueror by Maud his Wife Daughter to Baldwine the Fifth Earl of Flanders He began his Reign on Wednesday the first day of August Anno 1100. and reigned 35 years 4 moneths and 1 day and was 23 Sole Monarch of England He died of a Surfeit with eating Lampreys at the Town of St. Dennis in Normandy on Munday the Second day of December Anno 1135. being the 36 of his Reign 21 of his Dukedom and 65 of his Age. His Body was buried at Redding in Bark-shire in an Abby of his own Founding CHAP. XIII Of King Stephen sometimes called Stephen of Bloyce THis Stephen at his first coming for England landed at Whitsand-Bay with whom came a wonderful Tempest of Thunder His endeavours for the Crown were aided by Henry his younger Brotherthen Bishop of Winchester William Arch Bishop of Canterbury Roger Bishop of Salisbury and Hugh Biggot late Steward to King Henry all which swore him Fealty although they had sworn it before to the Empress King Henry's Daughter who is now by them rejected And crown'd Stephen King at Westminster on the 26 day of December Anno 1135 by William Corbell Arch-Bishop of Canterbury After which he granted his Subjects a Charter of some Immuities Dated under his hand at Oxford Anno Domini 1136 whose Tenour was as followeth That all Liberties Customes and Possessions granted to the Church should stand firm That all Persons and causes Ecclesiastical should appertain only to Ecclesiastical Judges That none but Clergy men should meddle with the vacancies of Churches or any Church mens goods That all bad usages in the Land touching Forrests Exactions c. should be utterly extirpated And lastly That the antient Laws should be restored This year a Fire began at London Stone in the City of London and consumed all before it from thence East-ward to Aldgate and West-ward to St. Pauls Church Not long after this the King caused several Castles to be built in England but by the advice of Henry Fitz Empress shortly after 1115 of them were demolished again And now Baldwine de Redvers Rebelling again the King was taken and banished and a great Battel was shortly after fought against the Welsh but the English lost the day and many of them were led away Captives by the Welsh Women and such a number of them drowned by the fall of a Bridge over Temd that a passage was made over the Water with their dead Carcasses in the year eleven hundred thirty seven Rochester was destroyed with Fire After this David King of Scots invaded England and took Carlisle and New-Castle and the King marching to oppose his further Progress a Peace was concluded between them Afterwards the King in the Third year of his Reign Created Eustance his eldest Son Duke of Normandy This year the Arch-Bishop's Seat in York St. Martyns Church without the Walls and the Hospital with thirty nine Houses and much Riches were burnt The King now paied his elder Brother Theobald two thousand marks yearly for his Right of Normandy and England and to Jeffery Plantaginet Husband to Maud the Empress he paid five thousand Marks yearly for his Right to the Crown Whilest he was in Normandy setling his affairs the Scots again invaded England committing most barbarous Cruelties as ripping up Women with Child and tossing their Infants on their Spear points several of the Peers likewise Revolted and did Fortifie most of the strong Castles in the Realm against the King intending to bring Maud the Empress to the Crown But the King being no sluggard did so hotly pursue his Barrons that he won most of the Castles from them and put them to a stand And with like success did Ralph Bishop of Durham appointed General by Thurstan Arch-Bishop of York the King's Lieutenant of the North go against the Scots who were come as far as Northumberland and manfully forced them to fly the Country And shortly after the King in Person marched into Scotland and a Peace was again concluded between the two Kings And Stephen brought with him into England Henry David's eldest Son and made him Earl of Huntington And now the King began to quarrel with several of his Prelates as Salisbury Lincoln and Ely and demanding the keys of their Castles exacting likewise great summs of money from them About this time Maud the Empress landed in England and was carried into Arrundel-castle by William de Albeny who married the Queen Dowager King Henry's Widdow the King having intelligence thereof hasted to Arundel at whose coming a Woman's Wit being best at a pinch she perswaded him That none to her knowledge or with her consent were come with her but those who did and would owe him Allegiance Hereupon he honourably conveyed her to Bristol from which place she got to Wallingford-Castle and in the mean while Earl Robert her Brother divulged the News of her Arrivage whereupon he got such a number of People together for her cause that they were hard to be numbred The King hereupon forthwith besieges Wallingford-Castle but not able to accomplish his desires he removed his Siege to Malmesbury and in the mean time the Empress got to Lincoln and stored the City with Provision and other Necessaries Hereupon the King withdrew to Lincoln and so straitly begirt the City with his Siege that if the Empress had not made a shift to escape she had been here taken The King possessing himself of Lincoln Earl Robert and Ranulph Earl of Chester went against him with a mighty Army and making over the River pitched their Tents in the King's sight the King ordering his Army Trumpets sounded to Battel and the Armies joined in Fight but the Kings party being overpowred they began to faint and run away leaving the King almost alone who behaved himself so Champion-like that he drove down whole Troops before him until his Battel-Ax broke and his Sword flew into pieces in his hand and then being Weaponless he was struck down with a Stone which was thrown at him and so was seized on but preserved from Violence by Earl Robert's Command and from thence he was carried Prisoner to the Empress to Gloucester from which place he was sent bound to Bristoll And now the Empress Triumphed as sole Sovereign of England all the People save those of Kent doing her Allegiance to Winchester she marched in State and there received the Regal Crown from thence she went to London where she was received with Royal procession And now the reports of Stephen's Imprisonment being got into Normandy his Subjects there began to incline to Jeffery
Pennance was I. That he should at his own proper Charges maintain 200 Soldiers one year for Defence of the Holy Land II. That he should freely suffer Appeals to Rome III. That he should revoke all Customs against the Churches Liberties IV. That he should restore the Possessions of Canterbury And V. Receive all the banished Friends of Becket into England again About this time Silvester Girald a learned Man wrote a Book against the Wickedness of the Monks whereby he stirred up those Hornets against him And now the young King by the Instigation of his Mother sought to depose his Father But after several Battels fought between them and much Blood spilt for the space of Three years at length they were reconciled And after this the King called a Parliment at Northampton and divided England into six Câ—rcuits And appointed three Justices itinerants for every Circuit To this Parliament came the King of Scotland and his Peers Shortly after the calling of this Paâ—iament the young King Henry died And Hâ—raclius the Patriarch of Jâ—râ—salem came to the King to desire his Aid in the Holy Land but was denyed In the 20 of the King's Reign the City of Leicester was burnt by the King's Command the Walls and Castle rased and the Inhabitants dispersed into other Cities for their Disobedience to the King And this year Christ's Church in Canterbury was burnt and about six years after the City of York was burned and in the year 1185. The King bestowed Irelaâ—d upon his Son John And this year the Abby of Glastenbury was consumed with fire and the next year after was a great Earthquake that threw down many Buildings and rent in Pieces the Cathedral Church of Lincoln Chichester also was burnt After this Richard the King's Son by the help of Philip King of France rebelled against his Father and drove him out of the City Mentz in Main which he dearly loved being his Birth-place In the 33 of the King near Oxfâ—rd in Saffolk was taken a Fish having the shape of a Man which Fish was kept by the Governour of Orford-castle six months and above for a Wonder but was never heard to speak a word he would eat all manner of meat gladly but was most gready after raw Flesh or Fish at length he stole away from his Keeper and ran to the Sea again The King had a fair Concubine called Rosamond whom Elianor the Queen poisoned for which Cause and for stirring up his Son against him the King imprisoned her and caused Rosamond to be burien at Godstow near Oxford with this Epitaph over her Hic jacet in Tumba Rosa Mundi non Rosa munda Non Redolet sed Olet quae Redolere solot Within this Tomb lies the World 's chiefest Rose She who was sweet will now offend your Nose Anno 1188. The Town of Beverly with the Church of St. Johns there was burnt This Henry the Second was King of England and Duke of Normandy Guyen and Aquitain He was the eldest Son to Jâ—ffery Plantaginet Earl of Anjou son to Fulk King of Jerusalem by Maud his Wife eldest Daughter to Henry the first He began his Reign on Munday the 25 of October Anno 1154. and reigned 34 years 8 months and 11 dayes and was the 25 sole Monarch of England He died at Chinon on Thursday the 6 of July Anno 1189. and was buried at Font-Everad in Normandy the 25 of the King's Reign Anno 1179. was the third Lateran Council Alexander the III was Pope this was the Eleventh General Council CHAP. XV. Of King Richard the first commonly called Richard Courdelion KING Richard at his Coronation by Balwine Arch-Bishop of Canterbury swore to keep several Articles Administred to him by the Peers which were for the benefit of the Realm in his time were those famous Robbers and Out-Laws called Robin-Hood and Little-John The King 's first attempts were for the Holy War for performance of which Voyage he sold and mortgaged several parcells of his Revenue scarce sparing his City of London from Sale and scruzed eleven hundred pounds Sterling out of Stephen de Turnham his late Fathers Treasurer but before his Expedition William King of Scots came into England and made a League with the King and sâ—nt his Brother David and ten thousand Scots with him for the holy War The King before he took his Journey gave his Brother John six Earldoms Cornwal Dorset Somerset Nottingham Derby and Lancaster he also made William Longchamp Bishop of Ely Governour of the Realm till his return joining with him Hugh Bishop of Durham for his Assistance in the North parts And now having settled his affairs he with several of his Nobles took Shipping for France where he and Philip King of France became sworn Brothers and both set forwards for the holy War King Richard coming to Sicilia assalted the King thereof who had usurped the Kingdom after the Death of William who was Husband to Lady Jane King Richard's Sister making an Agreement with him and gave him twenty thousand ounces of Gold for his Sisters Dowry and twenty thousand ounces more for the Love he bore to the English Nation yet for all this shew of Love he and Philip of France took Council against King Richard Joachin the Abbot expounding the Apocalypse to King Richard at Calabria near Sicily told him that Antichrist was born and then in the City of Rome viz. the Pope The King in his Passage Conquered the Isle of Cyprus and left in it Richard de Camvile and Robert de Tarnham Vice-Royes And the English and French besieged the City Ptolomais and won it shortly after this the French King returned not without great shame to his own Kingdom Whilst King Richard was imployed in the Holy War his Brother John and some others of the Peers deprived William Longchamp of his Command for several Outrages by him committed especially upon Jeffery Arch-Bishop of York the King's Brother The King at his approach to Jerusalem took three thousand Camels and four thousand Horses and Mules of the Salladines coming from Babylon and all the Carriages with their Rich Spoil And now the Duke of Burgandy and his Regiment forsaking King Richard he made a Peace with Saladine for three years and so returned very Pensive that he had neither conquered Jerusalem nor Saladine And intending to have gone through Germany he was taken in Disguise in Vienna and the Duke seized him for his Prisoner The News of the King's Imprisonment coming to England his Mother with other of his fast Friends Swore the Realm to be true to the King and made all the Strong Holds sure for him But the Subjects of Normandy in his Captivity were set upon by the French After this the King regained his Liberty paying to the Emperor 100000 Marks sterling and half so much to the Duke for his Ransom the Emperor afterwards to gratifie the King made him King of Province Philip of France having notice of the King's Releasement sent word to
Earl John the King's Brother who had endeavoured to gain the Crown in his Brothers Captivity that the Devil was let loose again After his Releasement he came for England and was joyfully received by Hubert Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and shortly after Earl John was adjudged by his Peers to loose all his Estate And now the King caused himself to be Crowned again at Winchester and had a new Great Seal made by which Device he got great Summs of money out of his Subjects causing them to have all their Evidences new Sealed after this being at Dinner at Westminster and hearing of the Siege of Nerville he swore he would not turn his Face till he had got thither with his Army and so caused the Wall to be cut down where he was that he might pass through which Breach was to be perceived two hundred years after And now he forgave his Brother Earl John and getting a great Victory over the French at Gysors He thus spoke Not we saith he but DIEVET MONDROIT that is God and our Right hath obtained this Victory after this the Kings of England made it their Motto Afterwards by the interceeding of Pope Innocent the Third a Peace was concluded between England and France And not long after this the King lying a Garrison against the Castle of Chalne was there shot in the left Arm by an Arballaster standing on the Wall with a sqare Arrow out of a Steel Bow of which Wound he shortly after died He banished all the Jews of Norwich St. Edmund Bury Lyncoln Stanford Lyn and York at which last place above five hundred of them besides Women and Children entred a Tower of the Castle and when the Christians came to Besiege them the Jews cut the Throats of their Wives and Children and cast them on the Besiegers heads and then burnt both the House and themselves so desperatly Wicked were they This Richard the first was King of England and Duke of Normandy Guyen and Aquitain He was the third Son of King Henry the Second by Elianor his Queen eldest Daughter and Heir to William Duke of Aquitain His Reign began on Thursday the sixth of July 1189 he reigned nine years and nine Months and was the twenty sixth sole Monarch of England He died of the before named Wound in his Arm on Tuesday the sixth of April Anno Domini 1199 being in the tenth year of his Reign and 42 of his Age His body was buried at Font-Everad CHAP. XVI Of King John commonly termed by his Father John Lackland HE was Crowned at Westminster by Hubâ—â— Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and had much ado before he got the Crown and more ado before the People would swear him Fealty which when they did it was with a Reservation Arthur King John's Nephew by his Elder Brother Jeffery with whom sided Philip King of France did mightily oppose King John's proceedings but he was backt by Otho the Emperour And Hubert the Arch-Bishop in a great Assembly made an Oration wherein he Declared that the Crown of England was meerly Arbitrary and Elective Now the King after several Out-fals between Philip King of France and him at length a Peace was concluded wherein it was agreed that Lewis Heir of France should marry King John's Neece After the Peace concluded the King returned for England and ordered a collection of 3s on every Carucata of Land for the Marriage of his Neece and his Martial uses But Jeffery Arch-Bishop of York Son to King John's Father by Rosamond his Father's Concubine denyed the Payment hereof within his Precincts and likewise refused to accompany the King his Brother into France to solemnize the Marriage and conclude the Peace for which Contemps the King caused all his Temporalties to be Seized on After this the King and William King of Scotland meeting at Lincoln they there swore Amity and Faithful Love upon the Crosier-staff of Arch-Bishop Hubert But now the French King breaking the Peace concluded on several Battels were fought between him and King John and Prince Arthur was taken Prisoner and died The Pope sought a Reconciliation between the two Kings but it took no effect After this the King returned and called a Parliament at Oxford at which time they granted him 33 s. 4 d. for every Knights Fee In the year 1204 Normandy fell from England to the French after it had been disbranched from France about 319 years the next year after the Arch-Bishop died whose Wealth and Possessions were Seized on by the King in Regard of his haughty carriage in his life time and John Gray Bishop of Norwich was translated to Canterbury And now the King bethinks himself again on Revenge upon the French and with a great Army landed at Rochel and presently won the Castle Mount Auban which was reputed invincible after this the City Angiers was also subjected by him And at length the two Kings met but by the interceeding of Forein Prelates a two years Peace was concluded About this time the King sent one Alexander a Divine of Oxford to the Pope to defend his Authority against that of Rome which he very well performed and made out both by Scripture and Reason and writing against the Pope's Authority he was afterwards persecuted and banished by Langton Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and died in Exile shortly after this the Emperour Otho arived in England and was Royally received by the King who after some days of Banquetting returned again And now the Pope begins to play his Prancks depriving Arch-Bishop Gray and setting up Stephen Langton in his place writing to the King in his behalf and now began the King's miseries to approach for upon this Account the King wrote to Pope Innocentius the Third threatning him for intruding upon his Prerogative the Pope returned him a thundring Answer and presently after sent his Apostolical command to the Prelates London Ely and Worcester to interdict the Kingdom if the King continued in his Obstinacy This Commission was put in Execution and the Church Doors shut up for several years some Authors say 6 years so that the People lived more like Infidels than Christians for which affront several of the Clergy were banished by the King and sent to the Pope their Master And now the Irish being in Rebellion the King hasted thither at whose arrival more then twenty petty Kings came to him to Dublin doing their Allegiance About this time Gualter Maxes Arch-Deacon of Oxford preached vehemently against the Pride of the Pope and wrote a Book called the Revelation of the Romish Goliah for which he was much persecuted and hated Shortly after this Philip King of France by commission from the Pope took Ship for England to depose King John the Pope promising him the Crown of England but the King prepared against his coming yet fearing the French Power he unwillingly swore to Pandulphus the Pope's Nuncio to submit in all things to the judgment of the Church hereupon Pandulphus swore him touching all things in his
and all this he did with such Impurity and Cruelty that many would rather Murther themselves than come or stay for the Rigour of his Sentence V. Claudius Drusius began his Reign Anno Domini 43. and reigned about 14 years in the sixth year of his Reign the Virgin Mary departed this life at her age of 〈◊〉 This Emperor sent Aulus Plaâ—tius Deputy into Britain to subdue those that had denied the Tribute to Rome but he after many â—kirmishes with Caractacus and after he had taken him was still in such fear of the Britains that he sent for the Emperor Drusius who was the second after Julius Cesar that came hither in person VI. Nero. This Emperor appointed Suetonius Deputy in Britain in whose time the Britains under the Command of Queen Boduo Wife to Patrusagus rebelled and slew 80000 Romans before they could be quieted again And she when she saw her Party fail rather than fall into the hands of her Enemies poisoned herself This Emperor began his Reign Anno Domini 57. and reigned about 14 years He put the Apostle St. Peter and St. Paul to death and raised great Persecutions against the Christians He caused his own Mother's Belly to be ripp'd open that he might see where he lay and he slew his wife Poppaea with a spurn or kick VII Sergius Galba He began his Reign An. Do. 70. reign'd 7 months following the wickedness of his Predecessor Nero he had his head struck off by a Soldier in his time 〈…〉 no War with Britain Mâ—ximâ—â—â— Deputy both in this and the succeeding Emperors time VIII Marcus Silvius Otho This Emperor's Reign being very short he had no War with the Britains He began his Reign An. Dom. 70. and reigned 3 months and 5. dayes IX Aulus Vitellius This Emperor had Peace with Britain and appointed Vectius Bolanus his Deputy This Emperor was a great Glutton He began his Reign Anno Domini 71. and after 8 Months Reign he was slain by Vespasian's Soldiers and thrown into the River Tiber. X. Flavius Vespasian In his time the Brigants and Sileurs rebelled here in Britain but were quickly quieted again by Julius Frontius and several of them slain Petilius being Deputy The famous City of Jerusalem was utterly destroyed by this Emperor He began his Reign Anno Domini 72. and reigned about 9 years XI Titus Vespasian He had peace with Britain and in the Second year of his Reign being forty years after our Saviour's Passion this Emperor after a streight and hard Siege won the City of Jerusalem and destroyed it leaving not one stone upon a stone unthrown down he began his Reign Anno 〈…〉 1 and reigned 2 years and about 3 months in his time Frontius was Deputy in Britain XII Domitian This Emperor began his Reign Anno Domini 83. and reigned about 15 years In his time began the second cruel Persecution against the Christians Julius Agricola the Deputy in Britain slew in Battel about 10 000 Britains who had rebelled and slain 340 Romans This Agricola was the first of the Romans that found out the Limits of Britain 136 years after Julius Cesar's first coming into Britain XIII Cocceius Nerva The Britains were quiet during this Emperor's time which was of no long continuance for he began his Reign Anno Domini 99. and reigned about 10 months he was so charitably disposed That he was called Pauperum Patronus XIV Trajanus In his time was the third Persecution against the poor Christians The Britains rebelling in his time were quickly overthrown by Spartianus This Emperor began his Reign Anno Domini 100. he reigned 21 years and about 6 months XV. Adrianus He began his Reign Anno Domini 121. and Reigned 22 years He had no War with the Britains Trebellius being then Deputy but he continued the Persecution against the Christians XVI Antonius Pius In his time the Brigants rebelling in Britain they were overthrown by Lollius Vrbicus the Deputy This Emperor by special Edict restrained the Persecution against the Christians he was a good man and is reported to be called Pater Virtutum he began his Reign Anno Domini 139. and reigned 23 years XVII Marcus Aurelius Now began another Persecution against the Christians but he had no War with Britain Agricola was his Deputy This Emperor began his Reign Anno Domini 162. and reigned 19 years XVIII Comodus In this Emperor's time reigned King Lucius in Britain who is the first King that out Histories makes mention of that embraced Christainity he was tributary to the Romans and was Son to King Coilus who built Colchester and was great grand Child to King Arviragus who married the Emperor Drusius's Daughter This King Lucius sent to Elutherus then Bishop of Rome Elvanus and Medvinus learned men of his own to receive some further Instrustructions from him in his Religion The Bishop sent him Faganus and Damianus with his Letter in these words YOu have received in the Kingdom of Britain by GOD's Mercy both the Law and Faith of CHRIST ye have both the Old and New TESTAMENT out of the same through GOD's Grace by the Advice of your Realm take a Law and by the same through GOD's Sufferance Rule you your Kingdom of Britain for in that Kingdom you are GOD's Vicar What could be more full than this where was then the Popes Supremacy but the Title was afterwards altered in this Sea but how the World both felt and lamented Vpon Receipt of these Instructions the King altered the three Arch-Flamins and twenty eight Flamins into so many Arch-Bishopricks and Bishopricks the Arch-Bishopricks were London York and Gloucester and now Idol Temples were destroyed and Priviledges and means were granted for honouring of sacred places then errected This Emperor began his Reign Anno Domini 182 and reigned thirteen years he had no War with Britain XIX Helvius Pertinax his Reign began Anno Domini 194 and he Reigned about eight Months he had Peace with the Britains Albinus being then Deputy XX. Didius Julianus This Emperors Reign being but of small continuance he had no War with Britain his Reign began Anno Domini 194. and continued about two Months his Deputy in Britain was Julius Severus XXI Septimus Severus In this Emperor's time the Calledonians Rebelled in Britain Heraclianus being Deputy so the Emperor came over in Person to quiet them and with cutting down of Woods building of Bridges and draining of Moors to follow the Enemy he lost about fifty thousand of his Romans notwithstanding he gave not over until he had conquered his Enemies and coming a second time into Britain Death Conquered him at York after he had Reigned eighteen years he began his Reign Anno Domini one hundred ninety five in his time the fifth Persecution against the Church did begin XXII Bassianus Caracalla This Emperor slew his Brother Geta who was coemperor with him he began his Reign Anno Domini 212 and reigned about six years he had no War with Britain XXIII Opilius Macrinus he had peace
sending forth his spies they were taken and presented to the Duke who caused them to be sent from Tent to Tent and Feasted and then released them And now the Duke entring the plain where the King was sent a Monk to him to demand the Kingdom or otherwise for the avoiding the effusion of much blood to try it by single Combate or else to hold the Kingdom under him Harrold's Answer was It should be tried by more Swords than one So the next day being the 14 of October 1066 on a Saturday They marshalled their Armies and Trumpets sounding to Battel at the first encounter the Normans had the worst of it and the English thinking they had run dis-ranked themselves for persuit which as soon as the Duke perceived he rallied his men and sell in desperately again and then slew the dis-ranked English on heaps among which King Harrold paid his last Breath to the fury of the Conqueror having an Arrow shot into his Brains and with him died Girth and Leofine his two Brothers and most of the English Nobles and 97974 Soldiers the Duke had three Horses slain under him yet received no harm himself In this same place the Conqueror afterwards built an Abby and called it Battel-Abby And now Aldrede Archbishop of York counselled the People to chuse young Edgar Atheling King being the true lawful Heir to the Crown but it came to nothing for with the determination of Harrold's Reign ceased the Royal blood of the Saxons whose Kings made England an Heptarchy and afterwards had reduced it to a glorious Monarchy and had been Kings and Monarchs thereof from Hengists first Possession of the Kingdom of Kent till Harrold's Deaths about 587 years but Authors agree not in the Computation some accounting more and some less This King Harrold was the Son of Goodwine Earl of Kent by his Wife Sitha Sister to Swain the younger King of Denmark he was the 20 sole Monarch of England And began his Reign Anno 1065 and Reigned about 9 Months and nine days he was slain the 14 of October 1066 at Battel-Field in Sussex and was buried at Waltham in Essex CHAP. X. Of England's Conquest by the Normans and first of William the Conqueror THese Normans who by the Sword gained the Diadem of England and were the last Conquerors thereof in whose Line the Monarchy of England is still continu'd were antiently a mixt Nation with the Warlike Norwegians Swedens and Danes and took their Name from that Northern Climate antiently called Cimbrica Chersonesus and Norway but the Country being thought to be too little for these People Rollo a Famous Noble Norman with many others in his Company betook themselves to Sea to seek Fortunes Court and having practised some Piracies upon the Coasts of Belgia Frizia England and Ireland at length they became so fearful to the French that Charles the Simple King of France gave to Rollo his Daughter Gilla in Marriage with the Dutchy of Normandy And this Duke Rollo was Proavus or Great Grandfather to Richard the Fifth Duke of Normandy which Richard was Elder Brother to Robert Father to this WILLIAM the Famous Conqueror of England whose Famous Actions and Memorable Things we shall now proceed to Treat of After the Fight at Battle-Field Duke William hasted towards London wasting as he went the Counties of Kent Sussex Surry Hampshire and Bark-shire he crost Thames at Wallingford and so marched thorow the Counties of Oxford Buckingham and Hartford And at Barkhampstead he made a Stop to which place repaired Aldred Archbishop of York Wolstan Bishop of Winchester Walter Bishop of Hereford the Earls Edwin and Morcar and Edgar Atheling the Heir to the Crown and here did their Allegiance to the Duke And so marching for London he was stopt at St. Albans by Fredrick Abbot thereof On Christmas-day following he was Crowned at Westminster by Aldred Arch-bishop of York And now considering how to secure the Realm from Invasions he thought it expedient first to fortifie the Cinque Ports and so taking his March towards Dover at the Instigation of Stigand Arch-bishop of Canterbury and Eglesine Abbot of Saint Austines he was surprized by the Kentish men who carrying Boughs and Branches of Trees in their hands they seemed like a Walking Wood which sight so afrighted the Conqueror that he granted their Requests to have all their Ancient Customs whereupon they yielded up to him their Earldom of Kent and Castle of Dover The Conqueror was kind also to the Londoners suffering them to injoy their Priviledges they had in Edward the Confessor's time Shortly after this the Conqueror sailed to Normandy to settle his Affairs there taking with him several English Nobles whose greatness he feared in his Absence for Pledges and making his half Brother Otho Bishop of Bayeux Earl of Kent and William Fitz-Osburne Earl of Hereford to whose Trust he left the Government of the Kingdom till his Return In whose Absence the Welsh rebelled and wasted all to the Mouth of Wye these Stirs called the Conqueror back again who at his Return gave the Lands of the English to his Normans And the English thus turned out of their Estates fell so to Rob and Pillage that the High-wayes between one Town and another lay unfrequented The Earls Edwin and Morcar and Edgar Atheling with his Mother and Sister and several other English Nobles fled into Scotland to King Malcolm to whom the Conqueror sent desiring him to send back for England Edgar Atheling but Malcolm having married his Sister denied him and kept him notwithstanding all King William's Threats And now the Conqueror still going on in his Oppressions of the English he caused every House-houlder to put out both Fire and Candle at eight a Clock at Night to which purpose there was a Bell rung in every City Town or Village by the French called Cover few that is Cover Fire In the Second year of his Reign Goodwine and Edmund two of King Harrold's Sons invaded the Realm out of Ireland and took away great Bootys And the year after the English in the North slew 700 Normans but some of the Authors of the Rebellion being taken had some of them their Heads cut off and other their hands And now Swain King of Denmark assisted the English with 300 Sail of Ships fraught with Soldiers who under Command of Osburne Swaine's Brother and his own two Sons Harrold and Canute arriv'd in Humber and marched for York at whose Approach the Yorkists were so dismay'd that they set their own City on fire and the Minster of St. Peters being then consum'd Aldred their Archbishop died with greif At his time were 3000 Normans slain but the King hearing of these Stirs took his March into the North and after he had overthrown the Enemy he was so inraged at the Northern Disturbers that he spoil'd their Country lying all level with the ground for Threescore miles between York and Durham which lying untilled for nine years space caused such a Famine
Earl of Chester and Prince of Wales and caused the Nobles to swear him Fealty about this time the famous Dr. John Wickliff of Oxford maintained sundry learned points against the Church of Rome This Edward the Third was King of England and France Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitain c. he was eldest Son of King Edward the second by Isabel his Queen Daughter to Philip the Fair King of France he began his Reign on Saturday the 25 day of January Anno 1329 and reigned 50 years 4 months and 26 days and was the 31 sole Monarch of England He died on Sunday the 21 day of June Anno 1377 being the 51 year of his Reign and about the 65 of his Age his Body was buried at Westminster CHAP. XXI Of King Richard the Second commonly called Richard of Bourdeaux IN the beginning of this King's Reign the French invaded England and burnt the Town of Rye the Scots the Town of Rocksbrough And after this the French took the Isle of Wight and forced the Inhabitants to pay them a hundred marks not long after they burnt the Town of Hastings All these Advantages being taken by reason of the King 's tender years upon the Occasion of these daily Rapines one Sir John Philpot of London seeing the remissness of the Lords at his own proper costs and charges manned out a Fleet to scour the Seas which Fleet shortly after took 15 Rich Spanish Ships which well recompenced Sir John for his charges About this time Barwick was surprized by the Scots who killed Sir Robert Boynton the Governour and about nine days after it was regained by the Earl of Northumberland the Scots being all put to the Sword And now a Parliament being called at London for Manning of those Services a Subsidy was granted to the King by the Lords Spiritual and Temporal the Commons at that time being exempted from it Shortly after this Sir John Arundel and several other valiant Knights and Esquires being sent to the Duke of Britain for his aid against the French were all drowned But the King sending more Forces after these as the Duke of Lancaster Buckingham Warwick and Stafford with others of the cheif of the Nobility they landed safely at Callis and went through France to Britain spoiling Countries burning Towns and killing People the French not daring to oppose them About this time Vtred Bolton John Ashwerby Walter Brute John Ashton and Peter Pateshall were persecuted some by perpetual Imprisonment and some by Banishment for Preaching and maintaining Dr. Wickliffs Doctrine After this the King calling another Parliament at Northampton they granted him Poll-money of Twelve pence per head of every one above such an Age. The next year after this the Commons of Kent Essex Surry Suffolk Norfolk and Cambridge rebelled and under the Conduct of Wat Tyler and Jack Straw marched suriously to London burning the Priory of St. John's without East Smithfield and turning also the Savoy and the Bishop of Canterbury's House in Lambeth into Ashes Beheading Simon Tybald the Archbishop Sir John Hales Lord Prior with others And now they sent a malicious arrogant Petition to the King whose Tenor the King durst not deny his Person being then in manifest Danger of them But Wat Tyler cavelled at the conditions of Peace Suggesting strange Hopes of high matters to himself hereupon he was desired to ride to the King which accordingly he did and there behaved himself so insolently that he offered to kill Sir John Newton one of the King 's Attendants for the omission of some Punctilio of respect to him But the insolent Traytor for this affront received his Death's Wound from the hand of Sir William Walworth Lord Mayor of London And the Lord Mayor presently raising a thousand Citizens surprised the headless Monster and caused them to beg their Lives of the King John Lister the Dyar who headed the Rabble in Suffolk was also taken by Henry Spencer Bishop of Norwich and there was executed of this rebellious Rabble in London and elsewhere about 1500. Now these Plebean Furies being over the King took to Wife Anne Daughter to the Emperour Charles the IV and shortly after John Duke of Lancaster was accused of Treason touching the King's Person but the Accusers Reward was Death which he hoped and intended for the Duke's Lot After this the Duke sailing into France concluded a Truce for about two years space and then a Parliament being called at London the Laity sought to depose the Clergy of their Estates but the King answered their Request in these words I will saith he maintain the English Church in the quality of the same Estate or better than I found it when I came to the Crown At this Parliament was Robert de Vere Earl of Oxford Created the first Marquess of Dublin This year also the Duke of Lancaster set Sail for Spain to regain the Kingdom of Castile to which by Right of his Wife he laid claim to Within a while after several Lords rebeled against the King and were all pardon'd before they came to their Tryals yet notwithstanding the King's Clemency they still kept together and raising great Forces they did not stick to charge the King with several misdemeanours and now the Duke of Lancaster returning for England again Peace was concluded between him and Spain and the King thereof gave him 200000 Nobles towards the defraying of this charges he had been at at whose return the King made him Duke of Aquitain After this the King desiring of the Londoners the Loan of a thousand pounds it was denied him whereupon he seized on their Liberties and dissolved their proper Magistracy turning out their Mayor John Hind and John Shadworth and Henry Wanner their Sheriffs and appointed Sir Edward Dallingredge Warden of the City And about two years after the King having a desire to go for Ireland had a Subsidy granted him four years Truce being then concluded with France but after this he with the Company of the Duke of Lancaster and Earl of Gloucester sailed into France where he espous'd the Lady Isabel Daughter to Charles King of France this Journey besides Losses at Sea cost him 4000 marks At his return from France certain Peers revolted from him making Forces removing such Officers from the King as they thought fit whereupon the Earl of Arundel one of the Rebells had his Head lopt off and the Earl of Gloucester was smothered with Pillows and Feather Beds at Callis and shortly afterwards the King made himself Earl of Chester and created several Dukes and Earls at that time And not long after this the River between Swelston and Harleswood near Bedford stood still and divided it self so that the Bottom remained dry about three miles space And now the King extorting Money and taking up Carriages and other Necessaries intending for Ireland to suppress the Rebells there who had slain Lord Mortimer Lord Lieutenant there And the Duke of Lancaster dying about this time the King seized his
and 8 moneths He was the 39 Sole Monarch of England he dyed on Sunday the 22 day of April Anno 1508 being in the 24 year of his Reign and about the 52 of his Age and was buried at Weminster in that famous Chappel of his own founding CHAP. XXIX Of King Henry the Eight THis King Henry was Crowned at Westminster by William Warham Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and shortly after Empson and Dudly were attainted by Parliament for their Oppressions in Henry the Seventh's time and were beheaded on Tower hill and now the King at the Instigation of Pope Julius the Second sent into France to demand the Dutches Normandy Guyen Anjou and Mayne and being denied them he hereupon joyned Amity with Maximilian the Emperour Ferdinand King of Spain and some other Princes and then sailed for France where he took Terwin ane Tournay by Siege and then Winter approaching he returned for England first making Thomas Wolsey Bishop of Tournay and afterward of Lincoln York Winchester Bath Worcester Hereford Now during the Siege at Terwin the Scots under the Command of their King James the Fourth Henry's Brother in Law entered the Borders of England pretending Truce broken by the killing of Andrew Barton the Scotch Pirate against whom the Lord Howard Earl of Sury Lord Lieutenant of the North went with an Army to whom joyned his Son the Lord Admiral and these at Flodden Field fought the Scots and gave them a great Overthrow killing the King three Bishops two Abbots twelve Earls and seventeen Lords and Knights besides a great number of Gentlemen and about 8000 Soldiers and almost as many taken prisoners About this time a peace was concluded on between the English and French and Lewis the King of France was to marry Lady Mary King Henry's Sister which shortly after he did and within a quarter of a year after dyed and she was married afterwards at Callis to Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk upon her return for England her Dowry in France was 30000 Crownes yearly for her Life and 120000 Crowns yearly for five years to the King her Brother About this time Wolsey had a Cardinals Cap sent from Pope Leo and was preferred by the King to the place of Lord Chancelor Anno 1517. The Thames was so hard frozen that Men with Horses and Carts might pass betwixt Lambeth and Westminster and this same year was the fifth Lattern Council held being the seventeenth General Council Julius the second and Leo the ten being Popes And now Strangers growing insolent in London a great Tumult thereupon under the Conduct of one John Lincoln did rise on May Eve for which Uproar he was hanged and 400 Boyes and 11 Women were led through the City to Westminster with halters about their Necks in their Shirts but were pardoned by the King And the new King of France paying to King Henry 600000 Crowns in twelve years and under some other certain Conditions had Tournay redelivered to him and Peace was Concluded although Charles the Emperor came in person into England to diswade the King from it but this peace continued not long for the French breaking Truce as was pretended the King thereupon procured several Princes to take the Emperour's part against France and prepared himself for the War causing a general Muster to be made of all able men from 16 years and upwards in every Hamlet Villiage Burrough City and Shire in England and in the mean time the Emperour coming into England again he then agreed to stay for and to take Lady Mary King Henry's Daughter to Wife and then he returned having for his Conduct the Earl of Surry Lord Admiral who at that time wan Morlois and shortly after Returning to France again won and burnt several Towns and then returned to England with great Booty and during these proceedings the Earl of Shrewsbury went against the Duke of Albany who was then made Governor of Scotland and a Truce was concluded on but the Lord Admiral after his Return from France being made Lord Lieutenant of the North notwithstanding the said Truce entered Scotland doing great harm and returned with great Booty Upon the Account of these Wars a Parliament being called by Wolsey's procurement the half of all Spiritual Livings were granted to the King for five years and the Tenth part of temporal Substance and about this time Christian King of Denmark landed in England with his Queen and after 22 dayes Royal Entertainment he Returned to Flanders where he remained as a banished man And now the King sent an Army under the Command of Charles Brandon Duke Suffolk into France who after severral places won and Winter approaching returned honourably for England but the Duke of Albany and the Lord Lieutenant of the North being still at variance at the Mediation of Margaret Queen of Scotland King Henrys Sister together with Wolseys working with the King at length Peace was concluded for a time both with Scotland and France after this several Commotions rose amongst the Commons about the payment of the Subside which when the King heard he pardoned the Offenders and remitted the payment of the Subsidy and now Wolsey began to alienate the King's heart from the Emperour and caused him to with-hold Pay from the Duke of Burbon which was the cause of the French King's Captivity of Burbon's March to Rome where he entered the City in one day and caused Pope Clement and 23 Cardinalls to take the Castle of Angelo for their Refuge where they were maugre all the pushes of the Pope's Leaden Bulls and Curses with Bell Book and Candle-light besieged six Moneths for which offence the Duke of Burbon in the Parliament of France was condemned of Treason And during these Broyles at Rome there arose great Troubles in Ireland but they were quickly laid again by Thomas Lord Howard Earl of Surry Lord Lieutennant of that Kingdom who being recalled into England upon some other Service the Earl of Ossâ—ry was made Deputy and shortly after being displaced Kilder succeeded him against whom Wolsey was a strong Enemy he thereby gained the King's displeasure for his malepartness therein The year 1527 fell such abundance of Rain in November December and January that the Corn fields Pastures and Cattel were thereby destroyed then was it dry till the 12 of April and then Rain again every day and night till the 3 of June following which caused such a Famine in London and all England over that many dyed for want of Succour And now the King begins to charge the Emperour with a promise of Marriage to Lady Mary afterwards our Queen Mary but her Legitimation was by him much questioned as being begotten on his Brother Arthur's Wife hereupon the King grew into dislike of his Marriage and disclaimed his Contract it being the Opinion of some six Forein Universities to be an unlawful Marriage and for this cause Cardinal Campius came into England with whom was joined Cardinal Wolsey in Commission with power to erect a Court to
Calves and Lambs were Monstrous some with Collors of Skins about their Necks like to the double Cuffs of Shirts then used About this time Francis King of France dying Charles his Brother succeeded him and great Dissentions arising Queen Elizabeth sought a Reconciliation but it could not be obtained whereupon for supportation of Religion she sent an Army into France under the Command of Lord Ambrose Dudly Earl of Warwick who landed at Newhaven in Normandy and after eleven moneths possession thereof were then constrained to render it to the French through Famine and Plague which they brought into England Anno 1563 whereof there dyed in 8 moneths space 23660. The year after the Thames was so hard frozen that Markets were kept on the Ice and all manner of Exercise performed thereon without Danger which Frost going away with a five dayes thaw caused great Floods and drowned many people especially in Yorkshire and this year also was such a Terrible Tempest of Hail Lighting and Thunder in June that at Chelmesford in Essex 500 Acres of Corn was destroyed with it and the Windows on the East side of the Town all the Tyles of their houses were beaten down with it besides divers Barns Chimneys and the Battlements of the Church and the like harm was done in divers other places as at Leeds Crainbrook and Dover And now Shan O Neale Rebelling in Ireland and after several Submissions and Pardons still bursting out again into Armes at length he was slain by his Brother in a Tent. And about this time Anno 1566. The Royal Exchange in London was first built at the Charges of Sir Thomas Gresham the Marchants in former times using to meet in Lumbard-Street And two years after to wit Anno 1568 The Scots murthered their King and Mary Queen of Scotland fled into England where she was honourably received but at length lost her Head Now after these Commotions in Scotland the Earls in the North Westmerland and Cumberland Dacres Nevil Norton Tempest Danby and others in the year 1569 rebelled against the Queen but they were quickly dismaid at the Approach of the Earl of Sussex who was sent against them and surprized them and at Durham caused an Alderman a Priest called Plumtree and 66 Constables to be hanged and Sir George Bowes Knight Marshal did see them Executed in every Town betwixt Newcastle and Weatherby whereupon the Earls fled Westmerland into Flanders and Northumberland into Scotland from whence he was sent into England and lost his head Anno 1570 And the year after at Kingston in the County of Hereford on the 17 of February was the ground seen to open and certain Rocks with a piece of ground removed and went forwards four days together carryed with it great Trees and Sheep-Coats some with 60 sheep in them and overthrew Rimnalstone Chappel the depth of the hole where it first broke out is 30 Foot and the breadth of the Breach was 160 yards also two high ways were removed neare 100 yards with trees and hedg-rowes c. And now Peace being concluded with France and the Queen of Navar a Protestant coming to Paris in France to solemnize her Sons Marriage with the Kings Sister was there secretly poysoned and after her the Admiral of France cruelly murthered and such a Massacre made as neither Sex nor Age escaped the Fury of these Romanists this was about the year 1572. and the time being now elapsed for the delivery of Callis to Queen Elizabeth according to conditions when the Peace was concluded she therefore sent to demand it and after much Dispute and Debate it was at length absolutely denyed And not long after this the Queen was deprived of all Princely Authority at the fained suit of one Morton at Rome and the Pope sent his Bull into England to that purpose which Bull being hung up at the Bishop of London's gate the bringer therof John Felton was for his paines hanged and quartered in St. Paul's Church-yard After this Anno. 1576. In March near Richmond in York-shire a strange Tempest happened which overthrew Cottages Trees Barnes and Hay-stacks and great part of the Church called Patrick Brunton and most strange sights were seen in the Air both terrible and fearful And about this time the Regent of Scotland was murthered and after him the Earl of Lenox the new Regent so powerful were the Popes perswasions with these Idolizers of his holiness the Duke of Norfolk also lost his head on Tower-hill for being as was supposed too favourable towards these Scotch Proceedings and now another new Regent being chosen in Scotland he desired the help of Queen Elizabeth for the defence of the young King which was granted and 1500 Men were sent under the Command of Sir William Drury who presently caused the Surrender of Edenbrough Castle Anno 1580. that renowned English Navigator Sir Francis Drake finished his Voyage of compassing the Earth and now our Merchants began to Trade with the Muscovites and Turks This year there happned a great Earthquake and a Blasing Starr was seen Nightly in October and November a strange and Terrible Tempest also of Lightining and Thunder hapned which seized on the Churches of Blybrough in Suffolk and Bongey nine miles from Norwich and rent the Churches and steeples killing four Persons and several others thrown down groveling on the ground and the same year also in the Parish of Blandsdon in York-shire a women of 80 years of Age named Alice Perim was deliver'd of an hideous Monster whose head was like unto a sallet the fore part of him like a Man with eight Legs of several shapes and a Tail of half a yard long An. 1583 Tobacco came first into England The Pop's Envy now burning still against the Queen he procured the King of Spain to send 600 men for Irelands Rebellion who were all slain by the Lord Grey Deputy of Ireland Anno 1585 Virginia was made an English Colony and about this time all the Assizes kept at the City of Exceter in Devonshire before Sir Henry Anderson Lord Justice of the Common Pleas there dyed Serjeant Floriday Sir John Chichester Sir Arthur Blasset and Sir Barnard Drake Knights Thomas Cary Richard Cary John Fortiscue William Waldrum and Thomas Risden Esquires and Justices of the Peace and of the Common People dyed very many Constables Reeves Tythingmen and Jurors especially of one Jury died eleven of the twelve this Sickness began amongst the Prisoners and fastned on the rest by degrees and about ten years before at the Assizes at Oxford before Sir Robert Bell Lord Chief Barron there dyed abundance of Persons also suddenly by the rising of a damp among them Now as is said before the Pope still seeking all occasions against the Reformed Religion it made several flye and some sued to Queen Elizabeth for Aide amongst whom the States of the Netherlands became her Petitioners for their Defender which Request She thrice denied but at length condescended which kindness hath been badly retaliated and sent 5000
Whiteguift Arch Bishop of Canterbury at which time all people of the City of London were forbidden to repaire thither by reason of the then raging Plague among them there dying that year in London and the out-Libertys 30578 persons of the same disease he continued Religion as it was begun in Queen Elizabeth's days and caused the Bible to be truly Translated according to the Original at his Entrance to the Kingdom Plots were contrived for the destroying of his person and his Eldest Son Prince Henry to change Religion to raise Tumults and let in Strangers but they were happily discovered and some of the Ring-leaders apprehended and put to death some adjudged to perpetual Imprisonment and some pardoned An. 1603. one John Lepton of Repwick Esquire in the County of York undertook to Ride 5 several times betwixt London and York in six days to be taken in one week between Monday morning and Saturday night and began his Journy Monday Morning the 20 of May and finished his Journy on Friday after to the great Admiration of all men Two years after to wit Anno 1605. one William Calverly of Calverly in the County of York Esquire murthered two of his own Children at home at his own house then Stabbed his Wife into the Body with full Intent to have killed her and then went out with Intention to have killed his Child at nurse but was prevented he was Pressed to death at York for this murther because he stood Mute and would not plead And now although the King had made Peace with the Popes Champion the King of Spain yet his Holiness Sons thought to have brought the Ruine of the King and all the Kingdom to Light Anno 1605. by a treacherous Plot of blowing up the King and whole Nobility Root and Branch at one Blow when they were Assembled in Parliament to which end they had laid in several Barrels of Gunpowder Barrs of Iron Faggots and and other things for doing Execution under the Parliament house but this Hellish Design was hapily discovered by a Letter sent to the Lord Mounteagle son to the Lord Morley by some of the Conspirators wherein they wished him to stay his Appearance from the House the first day of the sitting this Letter being Communicated and shewn to several of the Nobility they could not sathom the depth of the dark meaning thereof but at length being shewn to the King he presently conjectured that the Plot was to blow up the House with Gunpowder and so narrow Search being made it was happyly found out and the Conspirators discovered who were some of them shot to death to wit Percy and Catesby for disdaining to be taken others of them were slain by Gunpowder which they had drying by the Fire and Sir Everard Digby the two Wrights John and Christopher Fawkes Graunt Winter Boits and Keyes were Hanged Drawn and Quartered for being chief Actors in this Plot. After this storm was over the Faces of more troubles appeared through the Insurrections of Fines and Rainolds in Northamptonshire and Warwick-shire but this flame quickly vanished into Smoak About this time the Lady Elizabeth the King's Daughter was married to Frederick Count Elector Palatine The Joyes of their Nuptial were shortly after overshadowed with clouds of sorrow which ensued upon the death of Prince Henry which happned Anno 1611 his death was supposed to be something untimely but his Docters gave Satisfaction herein that it was by Course of Nature and not by Poyson as was suspected And now Charles the King 's Second Son afterwards King succeeded his Brother in the Principallity of Wales about this time Sir Walter Rawleigh was released intending to visit the new found World and many Gentlemen took their fortunes with him but unhappily in his Voyage burning St. Thomes it shortly after cost him his Life for Intelligence being given to Condibert then Embassador in England he never left pressing the King for Reparation hereupon Sir Walter as soon as he came to Plymouth was apprehended by Sir Lewis Stuckly and was brought tryed and condemned in the Kings Bench and the next Morning after his Tryal was Beheaded And about this time the King being very Sick he happily Recovered again but his Loving and vertuous Queen Ann dyed Anno 1618. After this the King made a Motion of Marriage for his Son Charles Prince of Wales with the King of Spains Daughter thinking thereby to gain opportunity of helping his Son in Law who having been lately chosen by some of the German Princes King of Bohemia was afterwards upon some distast driven out of Bohemia by the Emperor and afterwards out of all Germany and remained at this time in Holland being a Refuge for all distressed people To effect this marriage the Prince with the Duke of Buckingham went for Spain where seeing the Marriage with himself and the Lady Maria the Infanta of Spain procrastinated and delaid left the Court and Returned for England Anno 1623. The Plantations in the Indies were settled in this Kings time he was a very learned King as appears by his Works now in print he was an honest Father to his Childern worthy of his wife and good to his subjects and a great desirer of Peace whose Motto was Beati Pacifici and as he desired Peace so he dyed in Peace This James was King of England Scotland France and Ireland he was Son to Henry Stuart Lord Darly who was Grand Child to Lady Margaret eldest Daughter to King Henry the VII of England by her Second Husband and his Mother was Mary Queen of Scotland who was Grand Child also to Lady Margaret by her first Husband James the fourth King of Scotland so that the said Lady Margaret was great Grand-mother to King James both by Father and Mothers side He began his Reign on Wednesday the 24 day of March Anno 1602. Reigned 22 years and 3 days and was the 44 Sole Monarch of England He dyed of the Spleen on Saturday the 27 day of March Anno 1625 being in the 23 year of his Reign and nine and fiftieth year of his Age his Body was buried at Westminster CHAP. XXXIV Of King Charles the first SHortly after his Coronation at Westminster he proceeded to a Marriage with Henrietta Maria Daughter to Charles the Fourth King of France whom he had formerly seen in his journy through that Country into Spain his first Complement to her when he went to meet her at Dover was That he desired to be no longer Master of himself then he was Servant to her and indeed this Love he continued to the last hour of his Life for on the day before his unfortunate end he desired his Daughter the Lady Elizabeth to assure her Mother if ever She see her again That his Thoughts had never Strayed from her and that his Affections should be the same to the Last After the King's Marriage was over his dislike against the Spaniards at his Departure from that Court was still fresh in his memory
whereupon a Fleet was set to Sea who spoiling all the Spanish Vessels they met withal for that time returned and after this the King called a Parliament and desired a Subsidy but was denied notwithstanding his Treasures were Exhausted and the War Just and Honorable But although the Parliament denied the King a Supply he made use of some other means for pocurement of Money and joining Amity and Forces with the Vnited Provinces once again he set a mighty Navy to Sea which did mightily annoy the Spanish Coast and spoiled their Ships and among the rest some of France became Preys to them which caused the Seizure of some English Merchants Goods whereupon several French were comanded to leave England but Monsieur Bassompiere coming Embassador prevailed so far that several French were again recalled but nevertheless all Commerce between the two Kingdoms was prohibited on both sides And the French grievously oppressed the Rochellers to whose Assistance several men were sent out of England but doing little good they returned again for which Cause some were Imprisoned And now several Complaints being exhibited upon this Account by the Parliament the King dissolved them and intended new Supplies under the Duke's Command for Rochell but he being ready to Embarque was Stabbed by one Felton who got the Gallows for his Reward And now the King called another Parliament desiring a Grant of Tunnage but was denied whereupon they were Dissolved upon which Account great Contentions arose the King Commanding the Merchants to pay their Customs and the Parliament forbidding them whereupon several Members were Imprisoned and among the rest Sir John Elliot was one but the Merchants ready enough to Imbrace those Commands were most for their Advantage did thereupon obey the Parliaments Mandates and slighted the King's they remembring that about 100 years before there was a Penalty imposed upon the Merchants for paying their Customs the Parliament being then against it and in Memory thereof there was a Chappel built called Alderman-Bury Anno 1630 May the 29 the Queen was brought to Bed of Prince Charles now King of England and about 6 years after Mr. Hambden refusing to pay Ship-money Sentence passed against him by 12 of the Judges who absolutely declared for the Legality of it only Judg Hutton and Judg Crook dissented and new Stirs now arising about the Book of Common-Prayer in Scotland which occasioned the sad War that afterwards ensued the King marched thitherward with an Army and the Scots meeting him laid down their Arms whereupon Peace was concluded but at the King's return he was again Pricked forward by some who rather sought their own Advantage than his hereupon he went again for Scotland but nothing was done and now they had taken their Covenant as it was called against the King who called a Parliament to relieve his wants but they treading in their Predecessors Steps denied him a Supply And now the Irish being afresh in Rebellion the Long Parliament for so it was called by Reason of its long Continuance for the King had Signed a Bill for them to Sit as long as they pleased sought means to suppress them and all Ceremonies were forbidden in the Church of England but only such as were usen in Queen Elizabeths time the Earl of Strafford Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and Bishop Wren were Impeached of High-Treason and sent to the Tower and most of the Judges who had declared for Ship-mony were Voted Delinquents Judg Berkly was Arrested by the Usher of the Black Rod for High-Treason as he sate on the King 's Bench. Seven Romish Preists were also Imprisoned whose Pardon was granted by the Parliament at the Request of the French Embassador and the King to Ingratiate himself released them at which the Parliament took Snuff because they were not first made acquainted before their Releasement and to thwart the King in his Proceedings they changed their former Decree and caused two of the Priests to be put to Death which Act of theirs took mainly with the People but this as good Reason displeased the King who complained of the Insolencies of the Lower house to his Peers and so proceeded to displace some Officers of State putting in another Lieutenant of the Tower whereupon the Lower house did Article against the new Lieutenant to the Peers who refused to meddle in the Business it being the King's Prerogative to put in whom he pleased but not long after a multitude of Apprentices and other People came Thundring to the Hall-Door crying to have the new Lieutenant either remov'd or else they would turn All upside down This giddy headed Rabble of Plebeans demanded also that Bishops should be Excluded the Parliament-house and to satisfy their blind folly they ran into Westminster Abby and spoiled the Vestments Organs and Sepulchers and all else that was comely or decent and from thence they ran confusedly to Whitehall and there Thundered out the same Languages but least they should proceed to some further Insolencies the King the next day fortified himself with a strong Guard And now things beginning to work for the Parliament they thought it good pollicy to make Hay whilest the Sun shone and to strike whilest the Iron was hot and hereupon they under the pretence of some Fear assumed to themselves a Guard also for their Defence and constituted the Earl of Essex Captain thereof and further they without the King's Consent or Knowledge appointed an Extraordinary Assembly in the City of London and further to ingratiate themselves with the Novelty-mongers they cast 12 Bishops into Prison which Business much troubled the King and the year before Anno 1641 the Lord Strafford was Beheaded and about two years after the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury who died as Sacrifices for the Popular Fury and Martyrs for the Government Now the King grieved at these Insolencies proceeded to accuse one Member of the House of Peers and five of the House of Commons of High-Treason and demanding the Members they were denied to be delivered to him whereupon he with 500 Armed men went to the Hall he alone entring the Parliament House and not seeing any of the Accused Members there he then declared his Good Intentions to the Parliament and so returned and the next day went again but found them not the Parliament hereupon put the City in Arms and Adjourned their Sitting for five days forbidding the Citizens to help the King to find out any of the said Members whose Commands they so far obeyed as that in Despight of the King they carried the said Members and placed them in the House again in their several places and the Parliament still proceeding to lessen the King's Power sent Letters to the adjacent Counties commanding them to draw up in Arms upon which Account there was ready upon occasion above twenty Thousand men the King seeing these Proceedings hasted to Hampton-Court And now the Parliament daily increased in their Power and went and sate in the City to endear themselves the more to the Citizens and
Anglorum Gesta Or A Brief HISTORY OF England BEING An Exact Account of the most remarkable Revolutions and most memorable Occurrences and Transactions in PEACE and WAR as Battles Sieges Sea-fights Invasions Leagues Interviews Treaties Solemnities c. that have hapned in the several Kings Reigns since the first Attempt by Julius Caesar upon this Island to the Coronation day of his present Majesty King Charles the Second WITH Several useful Catalogues of the Bishopricks Cities Shires Colledges and Halls in both Universities and Tables of the Kings Reigns and of the Dimensions of England Scotland and Ireland By GEORGE MERITON Gent. LONDON Printed by T. Dawks for Tho Basset at the George near Cliffords Inn in Fleetstreet 1675. CAROL SECVN D â— MAG BRI. FRAET HIB REX PRAESTANTISSIMO ET HONORATISSIMO DOMINO NON SOLUM NOBILITATE GENERIS VERUM ETIAM AMPLITUDINE DIGNITATIS DOMINO CONYERS DARCY BARONI DARCY MEYVILL ET CONYERS HOC COMPENDIUM DE MEMORIALIBUS ANGLIAE EX GRATITUDINE PRAEFATO PRENOBILI DOMINO E SINGULARIBUS CAUSIS HUMILIME DEDICAT GEORGIUS MERITONUS TO THE Reader Courteous Reader I Am not so conceited of my self or my own endeavours as not to think that this Breif History of England will fall under very many hard and sharp censures especially from those who sit in Cathedra Derisionis and lavish so much time away in carping at other Mens Endeavours that they cannot allow themselves so much Liberty as to gratify the World with any thing of their own I am afraid also the Virtuofi of our days will object and say What need was there to obtrude this useless Pamphlet into the World when so many persons such as Beda Giraldus Geoffry of Monmouth Higden Ranulph of Chester Malmsbury Simon Dunelm Caxton Matthew Westminster Gyldas Henry Huntington Hollinshed Matthew Paris Daniel Martin Sir Thomas Moor Pollidore Virgil Speed Hist Brit. Sir Fran. Bacon Sir Richard Baker and several others have so learnedly and volluminously bestowed their pains herein already so that this small Taper among so many bright Torches were as good out as seeming to give no light at all I confess to such as make this Objection this small Treatise at first sight may seem useless yet if they consider that none of the persons before named have begun so high in point of time and continued the some so low as our own time even till the Coronation day of our most Gracious Soveraign Lord King Charles the Second Anno 1661 and Perhaps they may then partly be of another mind However with the generality of People for whom this Collection is principally intended I hope it will receive a more Candid Acceptance considering that several of the Authors before mentioned have written in Latin and so every man not capacitated to read them or understand them being read and besides some of them have only collected the affairs of an hundred or two hundred years and some more and some less oâ—hâ—rs of them have only writ the Lâ—fe perhaps of one particular King c. so that none of them can give the Reader such a general account of Englands Memorable Accidents for such a long continued course of time with so little expence of time to the Reader in the perusal as this small Treatise will and in case any of them could yet as rare and curious stamps upon Coins for their variety and strangeness are daily enquired after and bought though the Silver be all one with ours even so it fares with Books which as Meddals bear the Pictures and Devices of our various Invention though the matter be the same yet for variety sake they are often read and it is often found that the same Dishes of Meat drest after a new fashion do beget a fresh Appetite and gratifie the tasts of many better nay there is no Book so bad even Sir Bevise himself Fryer Bacon or Tom Thumb but some Advantage may be gotten by it for as in the same Field the Ox findeth Fodder the Hound a Hare the Stork a Lizard the Hawk a Partridg the fair maid Flowers so we cannot except we list our selves saith Seneca but depart the better from any Book whatsoever So I hope Reader Thou maist find something here to Content at least nothing to Distaste thee and them I shall think my time well bestowed if neither but out of a Malignant humour thou disdainest what I have done I care not I have pleased my self and learned long since that Envy with her Sister Ignorance do harbour only in the basest and most degenerate Breast Vale George Meriton A Brief HISTORY OF England CHAP. I. Of the Scituation of Britain with its Lymits together with some of the old Customs practised amongst the Britains the several names of the Island and when first Inhabited c. THIS Island of Britain is bounded on the East with Germany and Denmark on the West with Ireland and the Atlantick Occan on the North with the Deucalidon Seas and on the South with Normandy and France It contains in length from the Strathy-head in Scotland to the Lisard-point in Cornwal 624 miles and in breadth from the Lands end in Cornwal to the Island Tennet in the East of Kent 340 miles and is in the eight Clymate for Latitude and for Longitude placed between the paralells 14 and 16. The Limits of it in times past was from the Orcades to the Pyrean Mountains And in former times this noble Island of Britain sustained Eleven Kings all commanding great powers several other Islands belong to it amongst which the Isle of Man is not of the least account for to it belongs a King with a Leaden Crown whose King is now the Noble Earl of Darby whose Ancestors have been Lords of Man about two hundred and seventy years The Division of this Island is into three Kingdomes 1. Scotland whose Partition Southward was from Carlile to Newcastle 2. Cambria or Wales whose Partition was from Basiagwark to Wye and 3. England which was coasted with the French and Germain Seas on the one side and with the other two Kingdoms on the other side It is verily supposed that this Island was Peopled before the Flood Jeffery of Monmouth affirmeth that this Island was Peopled by Brute with his Trojans in the 2887 year of the World's Creation and after the universal Deluge 1231 years And in the year of Elie's Priesthood But several antient Historians writing before his time make no mention of King Brute and some have affirmed that there was never any such Man The Inhabitants were called Britains from the word Brith which signifieth painting or staining of the Skin which they had formerly in use amongst them Some Authors have affirmed that the English did proceed from Cimbria Chersonesus which came from Italy but others assure us that they came from the antient Gauls in France But certain it is that the first Inhabitants of this Island being merely barbarous they never troubled themselves to transmit their Original to Posterity And if
Arch-Bishop of York This King made St. Germans in Cornwall a Bishop's Sea which was afterwards translated to Cridington by Canutus the Dane and at last setled at Exceter by Edward the Confessor This Edred was the 10 Sole Monarch of England his Reign began Anno 946. and he reigned 9 years 11. Edwye He is reported to have abused a Ladie 's Chastity in the face of his Council Monks were expelled from their places by him and married Priests put in their Rooms He also banished Dunstan into Flanders This Edwye was eldest Son of Edmund and eleventh Sole Monarch of England He began to rule Anno 955. and ruled 4 4 years 12. Edgar He had Peace with the Danes and in his time some Divines in Oxford were branded in the face and banished for affirming That the Church of Rome was the whore of Babylon Monkery a stinking Carrion their Vows Nurses of Sodomy c. Dunstan was recalled from Banishment by the King And the sin of Drunkenness being very rife in his time he thereupon caused Cups to be made with certain Pins or Marks with a Penalty to such as should drink deeper than the Mark He also caused the Princes of Wales to render him yearly by way of Tribute 300 Wolves heads by which means Wolves were destroyed in this Nation And every year he rid his Circuit to take Notice of the Abuses and Corruption of his Judges if any were in the Administration of his Laws He is said to be very lascivious not forbearing the very Nuns for he begot St. Edith on Wolfchild the Nun and at Andover plotting to lye with a Western Duke's Daughter he was fitted by the Mother with a Substituted waiting-Creature whom he afterwards retained for his Concubine And now the Fame of the Incomparable Features and Beauty of Duke Orgarus's fair Daughter being spread as far as the Court and ringing in the King's Ears he forthwith longs for the Injoyment of her Company and so Ethelwold a principal Courtier was sent for her but he overcome in Love with her concealed the King's Message and marries her himself And then returning told the King Fame was a Lyar for the Lady was far Inferior in every respect to that which she was reported to be But the King going to hunt afterwards in that part of the Country and going to Ethelwold's house and seeing the Lady's Beauty he perciev'd the Cheat so he slew Ethelwold her Husband with a Javeline as they were hunting and married her himself For these and the like prancks he was injoyned by Bishop Dunstan not to wear his Crown for seven years which he patiently submitted unto but held on his lascivious courses still Vpon the River Dee he had 7 Petty Kings to row his Barge to shew his Greatness This Edgar was the Second Son of Edmund and the 12 sole Monarch of England he began his Reign Anno 959. and reigned 16 years 13. Edward At his Entrance to the Crown was a great Famine and a blasing Star and great Contentions were in his time between the Monks and Married Priests Dunstan being for the Monks and Duke Alfarus for the Priests and the meeting for disputation in an high Room the Prease was so great that the Chamber fell and several were slain and hurt but Dunstan's chair being seated on a post fell not but he continued in his Seat which being taken for a Miracle manifested in behalf of the Monks they thereupon carried the day and the Priests were left to injoy their Wives and lose their places And afterwards the King going a hunting not far from the Castle where his Mother in Law was being dry with pursuing his Game he calls here to take a Glass of Wine she dissembling her Malice with outward Joy to see him caused the Wine to brought which was no sooner at his Mouth but a two-edged Dagger was struck into Back by a Servant appointed for that purpose by her He feeling himself wounded put spurs to his horse and rid away but presently fell from his Horse and was dragg'd about the Fields till he died This Edward was the Eldest Son of Edgar and the 13 Sole Monarch of England he began to reign Anno 975. and reign'd 4 years 14. Ethelred When he was about 10 years old being informed how his Brother Edward was slain by his Mother's means he wept and took on so heavily that his Mother beat him almost to Death with wax Candles nothing else being near at hand This so distasted the King that he could never after endure Wax Candles to be burnt before him He was grievously pestered with the Danes compounding for his quiet with them at 10000 pounds first then they raised him afterwards from 10 to 16 and so to 20 24 30 and lastly to 40000 pounds the Danes never giving over digging in this Golden Myne till they had quite exhausted it Elfrick Earl of Mercia turning Traytor he and his Son Algarus had both their Eyes put out by the King's Command And now the King considering the misery of his People and seeing himself not able to withstand the Danes by force he sought to vanquish them by policy and so gave notice to all his Cities every where on St. Brices day to fall upon the Danes and murther them which was accordingly put in Execution but this News flying into Denmark for all the King's Council was betrayed at all times by Edricus one of his own Councellors there came again fresh Supplies and Swanus the Dane so grievously oppressed the Countrie burning and destroying all before them that he gave them thirty thousand pounds for Peace Not long after they slew 900 Monks and Men of Religion in Canterbury and having wrested a great sum of Money from the Arch Bishop Alphegus they then stoned him to Death at Greenwich The King seeing those proceedings sends his Wife Emma and her two Sons into Normandy to her Brother Richard Duke thereof and shortly after followed himself But at length Swanus the Dane being stabbed by his own Men they make Canutus his Son their King so not long after King Ethelred returns again into England and perceiving the several Treasons against him and seeing himself not able to withstand their Fury he shortly after died In his time was St. Dunstan very famous amongst the Saxons he did use to exercise several Mysteries and Trades at several times to avoid Idleness and one time being working in the Gold-Smiths Trade in a Cell near Glastenbury and making of a Gold Chalice The Devil as the Story goes did there appear unto him in the likeness of a handsome Woman intending to tempt him to lewdness but he by inspiration understood the cheat and so immediately he got the Devil by the nose with the hot Tongs he had in his hands which made the Devil cry out and roar so terribly that People came to see what the matter was who will may believe This Ethelred was third Son of Edgar and the fourteenth sole Monarch of England He
among them That the People there eat Horses Dogs Cats yea and Man's Flesh Not long after this there was a Decree made by him That no English Scholar should come to any Promotion depriving Stigand Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Eglewine Bishop of the East-angles and several other Bishops for no evident Cause but only to give Place to his Normans He also abrogated the English Laws and set up his own in the Norman Tongue to the great Dammage of the English Hereupon the Earls Edwine and Morcar with Frederick Abbot of St. Albans set up Edgar Atheling again for their General and rebelled against the Conqueror who seeing their daily increase of Forces concluded a Peace with them and Swore To keep inviolable the Antient LAWS of the Land and those of St. Edward But not long after he took from the Abby of St. Albans all the Lands between Barnet and London-Stone and bereaved all the Abbies and Monasteries of England of all their Treasure sparing neither Challices nor Shrines And now Malcolm King of Scots who sided with the English and King William made a League and reared a Stone-Cross on Stain-Moor in Westmerland called the Roy-Cross for a Meer Mark to the Bounds of both Kingdoms And shortly after this the King took his Voyage for Normandy again the People being there in Rebellion but by the Prowess of the English they were quickly brought again to their Obedience Now during this Stay in Normandy the Nobles in England rebell again but at his Return were quickly dismaied So he caused the Eyes of some of them to be put out the hands of others tope cut off and some were hang'd upon Gibbets and those who esceped the best were Banished No sooner were these Troubles over but Swain King of Denmark had manned 200 Sail of Ships for England's Invasion but hearing of the Nobles Overthrow they turned Sail for Flanders In the Year 1075. Walcher Bishop of Durham purchased the Earldom of Northumberland of the King but being an usurping cruel Fellow the Inhabitants slew him the year ensuing the Earth was hard Frozen from the midst of November to the midst of Aprill And the next year after upon Palm Sunday a blazing Star was seen near the Sun and this year Robert King William's Son seized on the Dukedom of Normandy by force And his Father Sailing for Normandy again at Archenbray in Normandy entred Battel with his Son who ran his Father through the Arm bearing him off his Horse and so the King was forced to leave the Honour of the Field with the loss of many men to his Son And returning for England he built the Tower of London Anno 1078. And this year Thurstan Abbot of Glastenbury caused 3 Monks to be slain in his Church and 18 Men to be wounded so that their Blood run down from the Altar to the Steps And this very year also he caused a Survey to be taken of England which is still to be seen in the Book called Dooms day Book kept in the King's Exchecquer of every Hide of Land he exacted the sum of six shillings upon this occasion the English incited Malcolm the Scotch King to invade England who wasted all as far as Monk-chester upon Tine The King sent his Son Robert with an Army against him who at that time laid the Foundation of a Castle at Monk-chester calling it New-Castle and from this the Town there took its Name The King now perceiving himself well Seated in his Throne began to provide for his Pastime and caused in the South from Salisbury to the Sea Towns and Villages and 36 Parish Churches to be pulled down and laid level with the Ground and here he laied the Bounds of his New Forrest for hunting in But this Offence escaped not unpunished for in this Forrest Richard the Kings second Son was goared by a Dear and died and William Rufus his Third Son was slain by Sir Walter Tyrrel by accident and his Grand Child Robert Curtoyse being in pursuit of the Game was strucken by a Bough into the Jaws and died After this Pauls Church was set on Fire and many strange Judgments happened in the Realm In the Twentieth year of the King's Reign such a great Flood happened that the Hills were hereby made soft and consumed and with their fall overwhelmed many Villages to the great amazement of all the people And not long after this some displeasure arising between the King and Phillip King of France he took ship for Normandy and falling sick there hearing of some scoffs put upon him by the French King at his recovery he was so inraged that he spoyled all the West parts of France and set the City Meux or Nauntz on fire By his last will he gave great Riches to the Church of St. Stephens in Normandy which was of his own Founding and among other things he bequeathed his Crown and Regal Ornaments to it He put the distinction between the two Arch-Bishops of Canterbury and York making York Primate of England and Canterbury Primate of all England also he made the Churches of Scotland to be under the Primate of York as the Churches of England were under the Primate of Canterbury At the performance of his Funeral Rights in the Church of St. Stephens in Cane in Normandy being of his own Foundation his Body was denyed Burial by a Gentleman called Ascelinus Fitz-Arther who said that it was the very place of his Fathers house Floor which the Duke in his lifetime violently took from him and upon his Inheritance Founded the said Church Therefore saith he I Challeng this Ground and in God's behalf forbid that the Body of any Dispoiler be cover'd in my Earth neither shall it be inter'd i' th Precincts of my Right Hereupon Henry the Dukes 4th Son gave the Gentleman a hundred pounds weight of Silver to suffer his Fathers Body to be interred Though the Art of Conveyance be much improved since the Conquerors time yet there was then more honesty comprised in a small Charter of an hand breadth than there is now in a Deed of a whole Skin of Parchment This following was one of the Kings Charters I William the third year of my Reign give to thee Norman Hunter to me that art both Leef and Dear The Hop and the Hopton And all the bounds up and down Under the Earth to Hell above the Earth to Heaven From me and mine To thee and thine As Good and as fair As ever they were To witness that this is South I bite the white Max with my Touth Before Jug Maud and Margery And my youngest Son Henry For a Bow and a broad Arrow When I come to Hunt upon Yarrow In the last year of the King's Reign there was found in Wales in the Province called Rose the Sepulcher of Gawen on the Sea-shore who was Sisters Son of Arthur the Great King of the Britains it was in length 14 Foot This William was King of England and Duke of Normandy He was Son to
for this good Service with a thousand pounds At this time the King with his Brother the Duke of York were at Callis ready to have wasted over if this business of Sir George Booths had taken effect And now Lambert began to harbour some conceptions of assuming to himself the Government Oliver having chalked him out the way and so turned out the Rump Parliament again for so the people called this Fragment of the old Parliament and then erected a New-nothing of his own called a Committee of Safety all this made well still for the King's Cause and now Lambert takes his March into the North as far as Newcastle intending to Fight General Monk and so become sole Lord and Master of all but when he came there his men were unwilling to Ingage and in the mean time the Rump had gotten together again seven times a worse Devil then before and dissolved his Committee of Safety and within a short space they inticed all his Soldiers to desert and leave him so that he was left to shift for himself And the Rump now invited General Monk to March with his Army to London which accordingly he did and was received with much joy but he was no sooner come but the Rump set him on work to put some Violences upon the City which he with great danger and peril performed this gave the Citizens great occasion to think That he from whom they expected so much good would prove their Ruin but he soon gave them proofs of the contrary by drawing his Troops into the City in the quality of a Friend and declaring himself for a free Parliament which revived their hearts His first business was to restore the secluded Members to their places in the House of Commons upon which the Assembly dissolved it self and Writs were Issued out for a new Parliament but with such reservation that people were doubtful what the Event would prove for no Recusant Cavallier nor Cavalleir's Son was to sit in the Parliament This healing Parliament for so it was called presently after they were set began to vote for the King and great Debates there were about it but at length it was carry'd for the King and so the States Arms were pulled down every where and the Kings Arms set up and his Majesty on Tuesday the 8 day of May Anno 1660. was proclaimed King at Whitehall-gate and in the City with great Pomp Bells ringing Bonefires burning and the Conduits flowing with wine as the Peoples hearts did with gladness And now News was carryed and Commissioners were sent to the King to desire his return to his Kingdoms and Crown he being then at Breda in Holland shortly after which he prepared for England and on the 29 day of May 1660. landed at Dover accompanied with his two Brothers James Duke of York and Henry Duke of Gloucester and some Lords and Gentlemen of his Attendance he was met by General Monk and other Nobles and the General kneeling down upon the ground the King took him up and dignified him with the George and Garter himself putting the George about the Generals Neck and the Dukes of York and Gloucester tying on the Garter and so marching to Black Heath in Kent his Majesty was attended on from thence by the Lord Monk's Army all armed and Swords drawn and the Nobles and Gentry in Cloth of Silver and other rich Apparrel and the Lord Mayor of London and Aldermen and a great Number of Cittizens in Velvet Coats and Gold Chains about their Necks and so in a most glorious manner he was conducted through London to Whitehall and that night several Bonfires were made which made the night shine like another day but that at Westminster was most remarkable where the Effigies of Oliver Cromwell was set up upon a Pole with the Common Wealth 's Arms an hour or two and then cast down into the fire and burnt And now the Parliament being infinitely Satisfied with the King 's happy Arrival did order that a Bill should be prepared for keeping a perpetuall Aniversary for a day of Thanksgiving to God for his great Mercy and Blessing to these Nations in the happy Resturation of his Majesty and that the 29 day of May should be set appart every year for that purpose And now began the Judgements of God to overtake many of those Capital Traitors whose hands had been deeply Imbrewed in the late King's blood and in October following 26 of the them were found guily of high Treason and nine of them were executed the same Month to wit Thomas Harrison Adrian Scroope John Carew John Jones Gregory Clement Thomas Scot John Cooke Hugh Peters and Daniel Axtell so that though divine Vengeance hath many times Leaden feet yet when it comes it hath Iron hands no sooner scarce was the King restored to his Crown but his chiefest care was to restore the Church to its purity of worship and so Bishops were again setled in every Diocess and the Common Prayer restored And now Mary Princess of Orange being come over to visit the King her Brother fell sick of the small pox and dyed which was no little grief to the King In January after the King was restored to his Kingdoms one Venner a wine Cooper with his Phanatick Proselytes Rebelled and with a desperate Intention sought to destroy all those that were not of their Opinion killing a man in Pauls Church-yard and an Head-borough in Beach Lane and after other Mischiefs done they marched into Cane-wood and about 3 days after returned and fell desperately upon the City and being opposed 22 of the Kings Liege People were slain and 22 of them and the rest with much ado were taken and dispersed and Venner their Leader with 11 more of them were executed in several places in the City And upon the 30 day of this same Moneth the Carkasses of Oliver Cromwell John Bradshaw and Henry Ireton were digged up out of their Graves and were drawn on Hurdles to Tyburn and there hanged and their Carkases being buried under the Gallows their heads were choped off and were fixed upon Poles and set up upon Westminster Hall not long after this dyed the most prudent Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester the King's Brother to the great grief of all true English men and upon the 23 day of Aprill Anno 1661 being St. George's day his Majesty King Charles the Second was Crowned at Westminster with great Splendor and Solemnity having the day before made a Magnificent passage from the Tower through the City of London to Whitehall And now by God's blessing having proceeded so far as the Title of this Epitomy makes mention I shall here Conclude with Saint Peter Fear God and Honour the King And so God grant King Charles the Second a long and happy Reign And he that will not say Amen with me Lord let Hugh Peter's Lot his portion be FINIS A Table of the Kings A Catalogue of the British Kings and Princes that opposed the Conquest and
Government of the Romans Kings People Cassibelan Trinobants Cingitorix Kent Carvil Kent Taximagul Kent Segonax Kent Senimagues Norfolk Cegontians Norfolk Ancalits Norfolk Bibroses Norfolk Cassians Norfolk Cunobeline Britains Guiderus Britains Catacratus Britains Togadumnus Britains Arviragus Britains Cogidunus Some Cities Caractacus Silures Prasutagus Icenians Venutius Brigantes Galgacus Calledonians A Catalogue of the several Roman Emperors who had Rule in Britain Julius Caesar Augustus Caesar Tiberius Caesar Caius Caligula Claud. Drusius Nero Sergius Galba Marcus Silvius Aulus Vitellius Flav. Vespasian Titus Vespasian Domitian Cocceius Nerva Trajanus Adrianus Antonius Pius Marcus Aurelius Comodus Helvius Pertinax Septimus Severus Bassian Caracal Opilius Macrinus Heliogabilus Alexander Sever. Maximinus Jul. Ver. Maximus Gordianus Claudius Puppien Jul. Philippus Anton. Gordian Decius Trebonianus Emilianus Valerianus Galienus Flav. Claudius Quintilius Aurelianus Tacitus Florianus Marcus Aurelius Dioclesian Constan Clorus Constan. Galer Constan Magnus Julius Apostata Jovinianus Valentinianus Gracianus Maximus Valen. Theodosius I. Arcadius Theodosius II. A Catalogue of the Saxon Kings during the Heptarchy and first of the Kingdom of Kent I. Kent Kingdom Hengist Eske Imerick Ethelbert Edbald Ercombert Egbert Lothaire Edrick Withred Edbert Elthelbert Alrick Octa Ethelbert Cuthred Baldred II. South Saxons Kingdom Ella Cissa Ethelwolf Barthun III. West Saxons Kingdom Cherdick Kenrick Chewlin Chearlick Chelwolfe Kingils Kenwald Eskin Kentwin Ceadwald Ine Ethellard Cuthred Sigesbert Kenwolfe Brithrick Egbert IV. East Saxons Kingdom Erchenwine Sledda Sebert Sered Sigesbert Sigebert Swithelm Sighere Sebba Sigherd Seoffrid Offa Sellerd Suthred V. Northumberland Kingdom Ida Ella Adda Elappea Theodwald Frethulfe Theodrick Ethelrick Ethelfride Edwine Osricke Oswald Oswye Egfride Alfride Osredd Kenred Oswick Ceâ—lnulf Egbert Oswolf Edilwald Alured Ethelred Alfwald Osrod VI. Mercia Kingdom Crida Wibba Ceorle Penda Peada Wolfere Ethelred Kenred Chelred Ethelbald Offa Egfride Kenwolfe Kenelme Câ—olwolfe Bâ—rnulfe Ludecan Withlafe Barthulf Burdred VII East-Angles Kingdom Vsfa Titulus Redwald Erpenwald Sigebert Egrick Anna Ethelbert Edelwald Aldulf Elswolf Beorne Ethelred Ethelbert Edmund A Catalogue of the British Kings that withstood the Saxons Conquest Vortigern Vortimer Aurelius A. Vter Pend. Arthur Constantine Conatus Vortiporus Canonus Careticus Cadwan Cadwallo Cadwallader A Catalogue of those Saxon Kings who were accounted Petty Monarchs Chewline Ethelbert Redwald Edwine Oswald Oswye Wolfere Ethelred Kenred Chelred Ethelbald Offa Egfride Kenwolfe The Kings Reigns A Table shewing the years of the Kings Reigns beginning at Egbert the West Saxon the first Sole Monarch and ending with Edward the Confessors together with the years of Christ answering to every years of their Reigns but Note that upon the death of some of these Kings following there was a kinde of Inter-Regum sometimes before the Successor began fully to Rule Egbert began his Reign Anno 819. Anno Reg. An. Dom 1 820 2 821 3 822 4 823 5 824 6 825 7 826 8 827 9 828 10 829 11 830 12 831 13 832 14 833 15 834 16 835 17 836 Ethelwolf began his Reign Anno 837. A. R. A. D. 1 838 2 839 3 840 4 841 5 842 6 843 7 844 8 845 9 846 10 847 11 848 12 849 13 850 14 851 15 852 16 853 17 854 18 855 19 856 20 857 Ethelbald began his Reign Anno 857. A. R. A. D. 1 858 2 859 Ethlebert began his Reign Annoo 86. A. R. A. D. 1 861 2 862 3 863 4 864 5 865 Etheldred began his Reign Anno. 866. A. Reg. An. Dom. 1 867 2 868 3 869 4 870 5 871 6 872 Elfred began his Reign Anno 872. An. Reg. An. Dom. 1 873 2 874 3 875 4 876 5 877 6 178 7 879 8 880 9 881 10 882 11 883 12 884 13 885 14 886 15 887 16 888 17 889 18 890 19 891 20 892 21 893 22 894 23 895 24 896 25 897 26 898 27 899 28 900 29 901 Edward began his Reign Anno 901. A. R. A. D. 1 902 2 903 3 904 4 905 5 906 6 907 7 908 8 909 9 910 10 911 11 912 12 913 13 914 14 915 15 916 16 917 17 918 18 919 19 920 20 921 21 922 22 923 23 924 24 925 Ethelstan began his Reign Anno 925. AR. A. D. 1 926 2 927 3 928 4 929 5 930 6 931 7 932 8 933 9 934 10 935 11 936 12 937 13 938 14 939 15 940 Edmund began his Reign Anno 940. A. R. A. D. 1 941 2 942 3 943 4 944 5 945 6 946 Edred began his Reign Anno 946. A. R. A. D. 1 947 2 948 3 949 4 950 5 951 6 952 7 953 8 954 9 955 Edwy began his Reign Anno 955. A R. A D. 1 956 2 957 3 958 4 959 Edgar began his Reign Anno 959. A. R. A. D. 1 960 2 961 3 962 4 963 5 964 6 965 7 966 8 967 9 968 10 969 11 970 12 971 13 972 14 973 15 974 16 975 Edward began his Reigne Anno 975. A R. A. D. 1 976 2 977 3 978 4 979 Ethelred began his Reign Anno 979. 1 980 2 981 3 982 4 983 5 984 6 985 7 986 8 987 9 988 10 989 11 990 12 991 13 992 14 993 15 994 16 995 17 996 18 997 19 998 20 999 21 1000 22 1001 13 1002 24 1003 25 1004 26 1005 27 1006 28 1007 29 1008 30 1009 31 1010 32 1011 33 1012 34 1013 35 1014 36 1015 37 1016 Edmund Ironside began his Reign Anno 1316. A. R. A. D. 1 1017 Canutus the Dane began his Reign Anno 1017. A. R. A. D. 1 1018 2 1019 3 1020 4 1021 5 1022 6 1023 7 1024 8 1025 9 1026 10 1027 11 1028 12 1029 13 1030 14 1031 15 1032 16 1033 17 1034 18 1035 Harrold I. began his Reign Anno 1036. A. R. A. D. 1 1037 2 1038 3 1039 4 1040 Hardicanute began his Reign Anno. 1040. A. R. A. D. 1 1041 2 1042 Edward Confessor began his Reign Anno 1042 A. R. A. D. 1 1043 2 1044 3 1045 4 1046 5 1047 6 1048 7 1049 8 1050 9 1051 10 1052 11 1053 12 1054 13 1055 14 1056 15 1057 16 1058 17 1059 18 1060 19 1061 20 1062 6 mon. 27 dayes Harrold II. began his Reign Anno 1065. This King Reigned but some 9 months and nine dayes and then yeilded up both his Life and Kingdom to William the Conquerour A TABLE shewing the beginning and ending of every Kings Reign from the Norman Conquest to this present year 1675. Together with the years of Christ answering to every year of their Reigns the year beginning the 25 of March but Note that the Months and odd dayes of every Kings Reign are acconnted according to the Callender and not according to 28. dayes to the Month which hath so often occasioned the variance between one Table and another scarcely two of them agreeing in their Computatiâ—n as to the odd Months and dayes of every Kings Reigns William the Conquerer began his Reign October 14. Anno 1066. A.
England and Wales with the Countys in which each of them are scituated and how many Burgesses they send to the Parliament Burroughs Countys N. B. Abingdon Berks 01 Admonsham Bucks 02 St. Albons Hartford 02 Alborough Suffolk 02 Alborough York 02 Alesbury Bucks 02 Andover Hants 02 Appleby Westmer 02 Arrundel Sussex 02 Ashberton Devon 02 Banbury Oxford 01 Barnestable Devon 02 Barwick Tweed Northum 02 Bathe City Somers 02 Bedford Bedford 02 Berealston Devon 02 Bewdlye Worc. 01 Beverlye Yorksh 02 Bewmoris Anglesey 01 Bishopps Castle Salops 02 Blechinley Surry 02 Bodmin Cornwall 02 Bodwin Wilts 02 Bossiney Cornwall 02 Boston Lincoln 02 Brackley Northamp 02 Branber Sussex 02 Brecknock Brecon 02 Brideport Dorcets 02 Bridgenorth Salops 02 Bridgewater Somers 02 Bristol City Somers 02 Buckingham Bucks 02 Burrough bridg Yorks 02 Calne Wills 02 Cambridge Cambr. 04 Canterbury C. Kent 02 Cardigan Cardig 01 Cardiff Glamor 01 Caermarthen Gaermer 01 Caernervon Caerner 01 Carlisle City Cumbl 02 Castlerising Norfolk 02 Chichester City Sussex 02 Chipenham Wilts 02 Chipenwicomb Bucks 02 Chester City Cheshire 02 Christs Church Hants 02 Cirencester Glouc. 02 Clifton Devon 02 Clitherow Lancast 02 Cockermouth Cumbl 02 Colchester City Essex 02 Comelford Cornwall 02 Corfe Castle Dorcet 02 Coventry City Warwick 02 Cricklade Wilts 02 Denbigh Denbigh 01 Derby Derbysh 02 Devizes Wilts 02 Dorchester Dorcet 02 Dowton Wilts 02 Droitwich Worc. 02 Dunhivid Cornwall 02 Dunwich Suffolk 02 Durham City Durham 02 East Grinstead Sussex 02 East Lowe Cornwall 02 East Retford Nonting 02 St. Edmundsbury Suffolk 02 Evesham Wore 02 Exeter City Devon 02 Flint Flints 01 Fowey Cornwall 02 Gatton Surry 02 Gloucester C. Glouc. 02 Grantham Lincol. 02 Grawpound Cornwall 02 Grimsby Lincoln 02 Guilford Surry 02 Haslemore Surry 02 Harwich Essex 02 Haverford West Pembrooke 01 Heitsbury Wilts 02 Helston Cornwall 02 Hereford City Herefordsh 02 Hertford Hertfordsh 02 Hiddon Yorksh 02 Higham Ferries Northamp 01 Hindon Wilts 02 Honyton Devon 02 Horesham Sussex 02 Hull Yorksh 02 Huntington Hunt 02 St. Jermins Cornwall 02 St. Ives Cornwall 02 Ilchester Somers 02 Ipswich Suffolk 02 Kellington Cornwall 02 Kings Lynn Norfolk 02 Knarseborough Yorksh 02 Lancaster Lanc. 02 Leicester Leic. 02 Lempster Hereford 02 Leskard Cornwall 02 Lewes Sussex 02 Lincoln City Lincoln 02 Litchfield City Stafford 02 Liverpoole Lanc. 02 London City Mids 04 Loswithall Cornwall 02 Ludlowe Sallop 02 Lugarsall Wiltsh 02 Lymington Hants 02 Lym Regis Dorcet 02 Maidston Kent 02 Maldon Essex 02 Malmsbury Wiltsh 02 Malton Yorksh 02 Marborough Wilâ—s 02 Marlow Bucks 02 Mawes Cornwall 02 Melcome Regis Dorcet 02 Midhurst Sussex 02 Michaell Cornwall 02 Milborne Port Somers 02 Minehead Somers 02 Montgomery Montgom 01 Morpeth Northumb. 02 Munmouth Munmouth 01 Newcastle Tine Northumb. 02 Newcast un Lin. Stafford 02 Newport Cornwal 02 Newport Hants 02 New sarum Wilts 02 Newark Nott. 02 New shoreham Sussex 02 Newton Lanc. 02 New Town Hants 02 New Windsor Berks. 02 New Woodstock Oxford 02 North Allerton Yorks 02 Norwich City Norfolk 02 North-hampton Northam 02 Nortingham Nâ—ttingh 02 Okehampton Devon 02 Old Sarum Wilts 02 Oxford Suffolk 02 Oxford C. U. Oxâ—ord 04 Pembroke Pembro 01 Pemyn Cornwall 02 Peterborough Northam 01 Peterfield Hants 02 Plymouth Devon 02 Plympton Devon 02 Pomfreit Yorksh 02 Poole Dorcet 02 Port Pigham Cornwall 02 Portsmouth Hant. 02 Preston Lanc. 02 Queenborough Kent 02 Radnor Radnor 01 Reading Berks. 02 Richmond Yorksh 01 Rippon Yorksh 02 Rochester City Kent 02 Rygate Surry 02 Salop Salopps 02 Saltash Cornwall 02 Scarborough Yorksh 02 Shaston Dorcet 02 Southampton Hants 02 Southwark Surry 02 Stafford Staffordsh 02 Stockbridge Hants 02 Stamford Lincol. 02 Sudbury Suffolk 02 Steyning Sussex 02 Tamworth Stafford 02 Taunton Somers 02 Tarestock Devon 02 Tewkesbury Glouster 02 Thetford Norfolk 02 Thirske Yorksh 02 Tiverton Devon 02 Totnes Devon 02 Tregonye Cornwall 02 Truro Cornwall 02 Wallingford Berks. 02 Wareham Dorcet 02 Warwick Warwicksh 02 Wells City Somers 02 Wendover Bucks 02 Wenlock Salop. 02 Weoblye Hereford 02 Westbury Wilts 02 Westminster C. Midds 02 Weymouth Dorcet 02 Whit-Church Hants 02 Wigam Lanc. 02 Wilton Wilts 02 Whinchester C. Hants 02 Wootonbasset Wilts 02 Yarmouth Hants 02 Yarmouth Norfolk 02 Worcester C. Worc. 02 York City Yorksh 02 These eight Burroughs following are called Cinque ports Dover Kent 02 Hasting Sussex 02 Heythe  02 Rumnye Kent 02 Rye Sussex 02 Sandwich Kent 02 Seaford Sussex 02 Winchelsey Sussex 02 Note that the Citizens and Burgesses for the Citys and Burroughs before mentioned in the whole amount unto 417. over and above which number there are also for the 39 shires in England 78 Knights of the shires and 14 for the 13 shires in Wales which added to the former number do amount unto 509 being the compleate and full Number of the House of Commons in Parliament A Catalogue of the Peers A Catalogue of the Peers of England according to their Precedence Dukes JAmes Duke of York and Albany Earl of Vlster Lord High-Admiral of England the Kings only Brother Rupert Duke of Cumberland and Earl of Holderness The Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Privy-Seal take place before all the other Dukes Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk Francis Seymour Duke of Somerset George Villiers Duke of Buckingham Christopher Monk Duke of Albemarle James Scot Duke of Monmouth William Cavendish Duke of Newcastle Marquesses Charles Pawlet Marquess of Winchester Henry Somerset Marquess of Worcester Henry Pierre-point Marquess of Dorchester Earls These three take place in respect of their Offices The Lord High Chamberlain of England The Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold The Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold Aubry de Vere Earl of Oxford Charles Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury Anthony Grey Earl of Kent William Stanly Earl of Derby John Manours Earl of Rutland Theopilus Hastings Earl of Huntingdon William Russel Earl of Bedford Philip Herbert Earl of Pembrook Edward Clinton Earl of Lincoln Charles Howard Earl of Nottingham James Howard Earl of Suffolk Richard Sackville Earl of Dorset James Cecil Earl of Salisbury John Cecil Earl of Exceter John Egerton Earl of Bridgwater Robert Sidney Earl of Leicester James Compton Earl of Northampton Robert Rich Earl of Warwick and Holland William Cavendish Earl of Devonshire Basil Fielding Earl of Denbigh George Digby Earl of Bristol Charles Sackvill Earl of Middlesex Robert Rich Earl of Holland and Warwick Gilbert Holles Earl of Clare Oliver St. John Earl of Bullingbrook Charles Fane Earl of Westmerland Robert Montague Earl of Manchester Charles Howard Earl of Bark-shire John Sheffield Earl of Mulgrave William Ley Earl of Marlborough Thomas Savage Earl of Rivers Robert Berty Earl of Lindsey John Cary Earl of Dover Charles Knollys Earl of Banbury Henry Mordant Earl of Peterborough Henry Grey Earl of Stamford Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey Charles Dormer Earl of Carnarven Mountjoy Blount Earl of Newport Philip Stanhop Earl of Chesterfield Nicholas Tufton
Nobles constrained him to swear To ease the People of their Taxes and many other Oppressions which he afterwards performed And he restored to the English the use of Lights again which his Father forbad by ringing of a Bell and had continued about the space of 33 years He also ordained several good Laws and annexed his Great Seal to them and his Name with the subscription of several Lords Spiritual and Temporal and caused Copies of them to be sent into every County to be safely kept the heads of them take as followeth in these Seven Branches I. That the Church should be free from Oppressions and Reservation of their Possessions upon vacancy II. That the Heirs of the Nobilty should possess the Lands of their Fathers without Redemption from the King which Favour also should be granted by the Nobles to their Tenants III. That the Gentry might give in Marriage their Daughters and Kinswomen without the King's Licence so it were not to the King's Enemies IV. That the Widow should have her Jointure and not be compelled to marry against her own Will V. That the Mother or next of kindred should be Guardian of the Lands of their Children VI. That Coiners of False Money should be punished and a Measure to the length of the KING'S Arm to be a Standard for Commerce among the People And VII That all Debts to the Crown before his own Time should be forgiven and all Murthers before the Day of his Coronation to be pardoned With other such like Indulgencies And he also at this time confirmed King Edward's Laws And now he made Suit to Edgar King of Scotland to have Maud his Sister to Wise This Year 1100 his Brother Robert Duke of Normandy was elected King of Jerusalem but he hearing of his Brother Rufus's Death refused it in hopes of getting England's Crown And at his return from Jerusalem invaded England landed at Portsmouth Henry to be quit of him and to keep the Crown granted him 3000 Marks yearly and gave him royal Entertainment for six Moneths at Court After this Belasm Earl of Shrewsbury and Roger Mountgomery rebelled but they were overthrown by the King and forced to abjure the Realm for ever And now the Pope's Imp Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury begins to stir and calling a Council at London Excommunicated all Married Priests and deprived many learned Prelates because they were invested by the King and not by the Pope And now Duke Robert returned for England again to congratulate his Brother's Fortune and was so royally entertained that at the Request of his Sister Queen Maud he remitted the Annual payment of 3000 marks But afterwards Henry picking a Quarrel with him he sailed into Normandy and made himself Master thereof Afterwards Robert seeking to regain his own the King took another Voyage for Normandy where a bloody Battel was fought between them and Duke Robert and William Earl of Mortmain were taken Prisoners and the rest flying Henry return'd Conqueror having made Normandy subject to England just that day 40 years that England became subdued to Normandy And the Duke seeking to escape his Imprisonment had both his Eyes put out by the King's Order And now the King begins to shew himself in his Colors making no Bones of breaking his Oath made to his Peers he banished the Flemmings out of England And about this time to wit Anno 1109. the Emperor Henry the IV. took to Wife Maud King Henry's Daughter And now the Affairs of Normandy being disturbed the King hasted thither and after the Suppression of the Rebells he created his Eldest Son Duke thereof by which a Custom grew that thenceforth the Kings eldest Sons were Dukes of Normandy after this Anselm Bishop of Canterbury died Anno Domini 1114. The High Court of Parliament as some Authors affirm was first ordained in this King's Reign Anno 1116. in which year was exceeding great Lightning in March and Thunder and Hail in December and the Moon at both times seemed to be turned into Blood And in October the same year the River of Thames was so dried up that one might have gone between London-Bridge and the Tower on foot This year also King Lewis of France and the Earls of Flanders and Anjou sought to restore William Duke Robert's eldest Son to the Dukedom of Normandy but were frustrated of their hopes by Henry about this time Maud King Henry's Queen died After this Anno 1119. King Lewis enters Normandy again and between him and the King was a bloody Battel fought and Baldwin Earl of Flanders and many thousands besides were slain and the honour of the day fell to King Henry who returned Victoriously into Roan And shortly after the Earl of Anjou to curry the King's Favour gave his Daughter to William the King 's eldest Son in Marriage of which Marriage the King conceived no little Comfort but the budding Hopes of the conceived future Happiness were quickly cropped by the hand of Fate for at the King 's Return for England this new marri'd couple with Richard and Mary other two of the King's Children and Richard Earl of Chester his Lady and other Lords and Ladies were all cast away at Sea The King after this Anno 1121. took to his Second Wife Adilicia Daughter of Jeffery first Duke of Lovain And now Pope Calixtus the II. met the King in Normandy to see if his Threats would work the King's Submission to him that he might have the Packing and Dealing of the Cards for the Game of Spiritual Promotions in England but neither Flatterings nor Threats would work upon him At this Meeting two Youths Sons to the Earl of Mellent and Servants to the King disputing with two of the Popes Cardinals with Logical Syllogisms put the two Rabbies to the Non-plus In this Pope's time Anno 1122. was the first Lateran Council held being the ninth General Council About 3 years after this Anno 1125. Pope Honorius the second sent Cardinal Cremensis to certifie the Abuses of the Married Clergy and to that purpose he made a Set Oration in Praise of CHA-STITY and Dispraise of VNLAW-FVLL LVST for so he termed the Priests Marriage and yet himself was taken that Night with a WHORE and so he returned to his Master the Pope without Success Anno 1126. The King's Son in Law the Emperor died and his Wife returned into England whereupon the King called a Parliament and caused them to swear Fealty to the Empress his only Heir This same year one Arnold an English Preacher of Oxford was cruelly Butchered for preaching against the Pride of Prelates and Priest's wicked Lives The next year after the King married his Daughter the Empress again to Jeffery Plant aginet Son to Foulk Earl of Anjou And about six years after in the 33 year of this King happened so great an Eclipse of the Sun that at Noon-day one might have seen the Stars in the Firmament and about two dayes after this there was a terrible Earthquake And the same year
Foot and 1000 Horse under the Command of Sir John Norrice and shortly after went the Earl of Leicester as Deputy but no great matters being performed he was again recalled and Commanded to resign up his Government to the Netherlands again and the King of Spain now under the false proffers of Peace prepared his Invincible Navy as it was called against England of which the Queen had notice by the French King so that she caused the generall Forces of her Realm to be mustred and fifteen hundred horsemen and two and twenty thousand Foot were Commanded to repair to Tilbury in Essex whither She also went attended with her own Guard consisting of two thousand three hundred fifty two horsemen and thirty four thousand and fifty foot her Admiral at Sea was Lord Charles Howard and Vice Admiral Sir Francis Drake This Armado consisted as some of our Chronologers reckon of Seventy two Gallisers and Gallions forty seven Ships and Hulks eleven Pinaces and Carvals two thousand eight hundred forty and three great Ordinance eight thousand ninety and four Saylers eighteen thousand six hundred fifty and eight Soldiers two thousand eighty and eight Gally-Slaves two hundred and twenty thousand great Shot four hundred and seventy thousand and four hundred pounds of Powder one hundred and twelve thousand pounds of Lead for Bullets one hundred thirty four thousand and four hundred pounds of Match seven thousand Muskets and Callivers ten thousand Partizans and Halberts with Biskets Flesh Cheese Rice and other Necessarys for six months but this Terrour of the World was terrified and vanquished by the gallantry of the renouned Lord Howard and Sir Francis Drake who destroyed fourscore and one of the Spaniards Vessels and seventeen thousand of their Men besides many Noble persons taken Prisoners nay there was scarce a worthy Family in all Spain that in this expedition lost not either a Son Brother or Kins-man the Pope's Contribution towards this Expedition was a Million of Gold it was in the year 1588. And now the Queens Enimies being Dissipated She caused publick Thanks to be given to God through the Realm and there were Executed for Treason against her Majesty here in England at several times before and after this Invasion about one hundred Persons whereof threescore and seven were Jesuires And now to requite the Spaniars the Queen the year after assisted Don Antonio King of Portugal with eleven thousand Soldiers and five and twenty hundred Marriners under the Command of Sir John Norris and Sir Francis Drake these English Soldiers won the Groyne and it being intended to be rescued they so valliantly behaved themselves that they took the Spanish King's standard and made great slaughter of their Enemies and burning both the said Town and the Country for three miles round about they then betook themselves to Sea again and shortly after the Earl of Essex joyned with them and then they Sailed for Portugal and took Penish from whence they went to Attempt Lisbone the Metropolis of Portugal but not being able to overcome it they returned and had the Castle of Cassais rendered to them and they took 60 Spanish Hulks Laden with Corn Masts Cables Copper and Wax and so retuned for England with great Honor. After this Supplys were sent by the Queen to Henry King of Navarr a Protestant for the gaining the French Crown but he finding many Rubs in his way changed his Religion and then easily obtained it About this time Anno 1591 one William Harket was executed in Cheapside for Blasphemy and Treason and about three years after Doctor Lopez suffered And now the Spanish Practices still in the Queens thoughts at length she set out a Brave Navy against the Spaniards Anno 1596. their first Assault was on Cadez which Place they won and forced the Cittizens to pay them twenty thousand Duccats for their Ransom and the Ships of the Spaniards which the English ran ashoar there proffered five and twenty hundred thousand Duccats for their ransom which being denyed Acceptance at the Command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia they were all set on fire they being estimated to be worth twelve Millions of Duccats After this another Fleet went again and the Spaniards every where being worsted the Fleet again returned for England with three Prizes worth four hundred thousand Duccats and Sigismond King of Pollonia and the King of Denmark about this time sought to the Queen to conclude a Peace with France but prevailed not And now Tirr Owen in Ireland breaking into Rebellion after some Expeditions thither at length the Earl of Essex was sent Deputy who concluded a Peace with Tirr Owen from six weeks to six weeks for which he was much condemned by the Lords and recalled into England again by the Queen and afterwards lost his head the Queen being neither privy nor consenting to it for whose Death she sore lamented dureing her Life which lasted not long after and bid the Plague of God light upon them for their act which Curse shortly after took effect for in one year there dyed of the Plague in London and the Suburbs thirty thousand five hundred seventy eight besides all those that dyed of other Diseases After Essex the Lord Mountjoy went Deputy for Ireland by whose vigilancy and Courage Tirr Owen at length with all his Adherents from the Pope and the King of Spain were Totally routed and he forced to fly into Spain and now the Spaniards all hopes of prevailing against England being gon began to sue for Peace which upon certain Conditions was granted them and the Queen afterthis perceiving the time of her dissolution to draw nigh named King James of Scotland for her Successor and not long after dyed she was a Queen endowed with all the benefits of Nature a comely person for her Body but more comly in her Soul and an excellent Schollar as may appear by these following Verses made in praise of her None like Elizabeth was found in Learning so divine She had the perfect skilful art of all the Muses nine In Latine Greek and Hebrew She most excellent was known To Foreign Kings Embassadors the same was daily shown The Italian French and Spanish Tongue she well could speak and read The Turkish and Arabian Speech grew perfect at her need This Elizabeth was Queen of England France and Ireland she was the only Daughter of King Henry the Eight by his Second Queen Ann of Bulloin she began her Reign on Thursday the 17 day of November Anno 1558. and reigned 44 years 4 months and 7 days and was the 43 Sole Monarch of England She dyed on Wednesday the 24 day of March Anno 1602 being in the 45 year of her Reign and 69 of her Age. She was buried at Westminster with this Queen expired the Sovereignty of the Tewdors yielding place to the Stuarts to Succeed in which Name it still doth and long and prosperously may it so continue CHAP. XXXIII Of King James HE was Crowned at Westminster by Dr.