Sarmatians past into Italy Their Death and besieged Aquilia which held out foâ— the Emperors declared by the Senate buâ— the Soldiers killed him and his Son of the same Name and of the very same humoâ— of his Father From Christ 237. Soon after the Praetorian bands killeâ— their two Emperors chose by the Senate Pupienus and Ballinus Emperors with the young Gordian so the young Gordian remained sole Emperor He was carried to the War against the Persians which lasted three Years and became glorious to the Romans by the Conduct of Misetheus a Person of very great Prudence and Courage who was Father-in-law to Gordian But Philip one of the chifest Officers of the Army having poisoned Mizetheus and perswaded the Soldiers to kill Gordian the traterous The Death of Gordian Murtherer was proclaimed Emperor by the Army He was an Arabian tho' some Writers stile him a Christian but there Philip his Successor was not the least appearance of it for his Cruelties and Treacheries did not at that time agree with the Rules of Christianity This new Prince made a very advantageous Peace with Sapor King of Persia then he came to Rome where he celebrated with great Magnificence the Thousandth The 1000 Year of Rome Year from the Foundation of that City From Christ 247. The Goths a People originally of Scyâ—hia The Gochs invade the Empire past the Danube and plac'd themselves on that side of the Lands of the Empire There was sent against them Decius a Person of high Merit and one of the Senators The Army in Panonia having proclaimed Philip their Emperor he with his The Two Philips killed Forces march'd against Decius but being come to Verona his own Soldiers killed him while the Praetorian Bands did the like to his Son of the same Name whom he left at Rome So Decius being acknowledged Emperor Decius Emperor by the Armies he was also declared with great Joy by the Senate and People He was indued with excellent Qualities but he was an utter Enemy to the Christians against whom he stirred up a most cruel The Persecution of the Christians Bishop of Rome Persecution among a great number of Martyrs he made to suffer was Fabian Bishop of Rome Successor to Antheros Before Christ 250. This persecution though it was very bloody yet it lasted not long for this cruel Emperor was slain in the War against The Death of Decius the Goths in Panonia one part of the Army being cut to pieces by the Barbarians Gallus his Successor the other part who had not fought proclaimed Gallus Emperor who was their chief Commander Corelius Bishop of Bishops of Rome Rome Successor to Fabian Sealed by Faith the effusion of his Blood From Christ 352. Under the Pentificat of this Cornelius the The first Schism at Rome first Schism broke out in the Church of Rome Novatus a Priest of Carthage being come to Rome had that Interest to cause the Novatian Priest to be elected Bishop in opposition to Cornelius pretending he had been too indulgent in admitting to the Peace of the Church those who were fallen from Christianity in the time of the Persecution Gallus and Volutianus his Son and Colleague Gallus and Valutianus Emperor in the Empire gave themselves up to all pleasure at Rome while the Persians ravaged Syria took and plundered Antioch And the Goths did the like in Greece yet the latter were most of them cut in pieces by the Romans under the conduct of Aemilianus who after this glorious exploit Aemilianus Emperor The Death of Gallus and Volutianus And of Aemilianus Valerian Emperor was proclaimed Emperor by the victorious Army Gallus and Volutianus left Rome and march'd together to fight him but before the two Armys could meet both Father and Son were killed by their own Soldiers Aemilianus was afterwards overcome and slain in Battle by Valerian who was then acknowledged Emperor From Christ 253. He cruelly persecuted the Christians and among the great number he put to Death for their Faith was Lucius Bishop of Bishop of Rome Rome Successor to Cornclius then followed Stephanus and Sixtus the Second and in Africk St. Cyprian Bishop of Carthage St. Cyprian there had been great disputes in Writing between this Holy Man and Stephanus Bishop of Rome upon two Subjects the first concerning the appeal of some Priests of Africk addrest to the See of Rome by that means to avoid the correction of their own Bishops The other subject was upon a Question touching the validity of Baptism administered by Hereticks St. Cyprian being for the Negative and Stephanus for the Affirmative The famous Origen died in Palestine The Death of Origen where he had retired in a deep Melancholy because his Bishop Demetrius of Alexandria had layed to his charge erronious Opinions The Emperor Valerian making War against Valerian made prisoner by the Persians the Persians was overcome and took Prisoner by Sapor their King who kept him in a shameful and base Captivity while Galienus insensible of this high Disgrace past his time at Rome in all Pleasure and Luxury which gave occasion to many Governors of Provinces to assume the Title of Emperors each in his The 30 Tyrants Gallienes kiâ—led peculiar Government They were Thirty in number who were called Tyrants Gallienus was killed by the Captains of his Guards who could no longer endure his vitious way of living Claudius the second Cladius the second his Succssor Aureolus one of the Thirty Tyrants kill'd was put in his place and received with Joy by the Senate for his good Qualities he went presently against Aureolus one of the Thirty Tyrants who Governed Illyria he overcame him and slew him in Battle From Christ 268. Denys Bishop of Rome and Successor to Bishop of Rome Sixtus the Second died a Martyr Claudius having past into Greece there defeated a great Army of the Scythians who had made an irruption into those parts All who escapt that overthrow retreated to a Mountain Claudius encompast them with his Army and so straightly block'd them up and kept them from all manner of Provisions that the Plague was got among them from whence it infected the Roman Army where many died The Death of Claudius Quintilius his Successor Aurelian Emperor and among the rest the Emperor Claudius as also his Brother Quintilius chose to succeed him by the Army who upon his Death set up Aurelianus in his place and their choice was approved by the Senate From Christ 270. There remained of the Thirty Tyrants only Macrian in Asia the lesser and Posthumius Macrian and Posthumius two of the 30 Tyrants Zenobia in Gaule these two were powerful enough to make the Emperor fear them bur Aurelian having overcome them one after the other marcht into Syria against Zenobia Queen of Palmerina the Widow of Odenatus she had the Courage to maintain for her Sons the Title of Emperors
refused to stand to the judgment of that Synod And thence arose a new Schism among the Protestants A dreadful Comet began to appear the A dreadful Comet Tail of which was above sixty four degrees in length Queen Ann of England died From Christ Queen Ann died 1618. The City of Pleurs in Rhaetia ruined by the fall of a Mountain tumbling upon it when 1500 people were buryed in the Ruines The Destruction of the Spanish Army The Spanish Army destroyâ—d by the Venetians sent against the Venetians Tumults in Bohemia by reason that some of the Evangelick Nobility were offended that their Grievances were slighted by the Emperor's Counsellors upon An Insurrection in Bohemia which they entered the Council Chamber and threw three of the Counsellors out of a Window thirty yards high into the Castle-Yard by which fall however none of them got any harm At Venice was discovered a Conspiracy of certain Ruffians who proposed to themselves A Conspiracy at Venice discovered to break into the Senate-House kill the Senators burn the Arsenal throw down the Bridges and to lay waste the whole City but most of them were taken and all who did not make their escapes were punish'd according to their Deserts In this year died Cardinal Peronne The Death of Cardinal Peronne A great Fight between the Turks and the Persians where the Turks lost Fourty thousand Men and the Persians Nine thousand But tho' the Persians got the Victory A Fight between the Turks and the persians yet having lost so many Men they offered the Turks Peace with an Anual Tribute of Silk which the Turks willingly accepted From Christ 1618. John Barenevelt condemned to death Barnevelt ' s death by the States General under pretence that he had disturbed the Peace and Order of the Republick but on the Scaffold he publickly protested that he died for defending the Liberty of his Country Hogerbet and Grotius were condemned to perpetual imprisonment but Grotius made his Escape about a year after and fled to Paris where he printed his Apology for those who presided over Holland in the year 1618. a Work very worthy to be read In March Mathias the Emperor died The Emperor Mathias ' s death in whose room sometime after was elected Ferdinand the Second his Son King of Bohemia Sir Walter Rawleigh Beheaded The Administrators of the Kingdom of Bohemia upon the Abdication of Ferdinand Frederic Elector Palatine Crowned at prague made choice of Frederic the Elector Palatin for their King who was Crowned at Prague A new Order of Knighthood instituted at Vienna by certain Catholick Princes as A new Order of Knighthood the Duke of Nevers Prince Radzeville the Duke of Saxon Lawenburgh and others who took an Oath to prosecute all Infidels and to defend the Catholick Religion having for their Badges a Cross with the Effigies of the Holy Virgin which they wore on their Cloaks Bucquoy having utterly defeated Mansfeild did over-run Bohemia Prince Charles of Spain Crowned King The prince of Spain King of portugal of Portugal The Prince of Conde released from his The Prince of Conde released Imprisonment returned to Paris and was congratulated by the Peers and Princes of Franee Ann Queen of England died From Queen Anns Death ARebellion against the Emperor Christ 1619. The Bohemians Austrians and Hungarians rebel against the Emperor A great Battle fought between the Imperialists and Frederic the Palatins Army The palatin's Army beaten by the Imperialists where the Impeâ—â—lists proved Victors Frederic fled and the next year took Refuge in Holland where he spent the remainder of his days with his Queen and Children so Bohemia with the adjoining Provinces returned to the Obedience of the Emperor Spinola with a numerous Army entered Spinola entered the Palatinate the Palatinate and in a short time took many Towns The Civil War against the Protestants The Civil War in France began in France The Inhabitants of Bearn refusing to obey the King's Edict by which they were commanded to quit all Ecclesiastical Livings and to restore them to the Popish Bishops for the King going thither constrained them to yield Obedience and gave the Cities which the Protestants held to be kept by the Catholicks The Polanders with an Army of Ninety The Polanders beaten by the Turks thousand Men invading Walachia were all cut off by the Turks except a few who made their escape and the great Chancellor of the Crowns Head was carried to Constantinople Sigismund the Third King of Poland The King of Poland wounded wounded by a Ruffian who being taken was torn with Horses his Members burnt and his Ashes thrown into the Air. Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden married Gustavus marriage with the Daughter of Brandenburgh with Mary Elenora the Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburgh From Christ 1620. Frederic the Elector Palatine was proscribed by the Emperor A West-India Company first erected by A West-India Company erected by the States of Holland the United Provinces to which the States granted the same Priviledges as to the East-India Society A General Assembly of the Protestants from all parts of France held at Rochel The Hugonots rebel and are beaten by the King of France where they resolved to take up Arms in their own Defence against the Religion which their Enemies profess'd Whereupon the King undertook an Expedition against them At which time Mornay du Plessis delivered up Saumurs to him of his own accord Afterwards the King besieged the City of St. Angelo and forc'd it to a Surrender and then took above sixty other Towns in Xantoign and Gascony part by force part by fear but he could not get Montauban which he besieged in Autumne where the Duke of Mayenne was killed by a Musket-Shot in the Head which News coming to Paris the Rabble Charenton burnt incensed with Fury ran to Charenton and sâ—t the Protestant Church on fire which was reduced to Ashes Gustavus King of Sweden took Riga King of Sweden takes Riga the Metropolis of Livonia The Truce for twelve years between Philip of Spain and the States General being expired the Arch-Duke Albert desired earnestly to have it expired but the States absolutely refused it Paul the Fifth departed this Life in the Sixty ninth year of his Age and Gregory Popes the Fifteenth was chosen in his place Philip the Third departed this Life in The Death of Philip the Third the Forty third year of his Age his Son Philip the Fourth succeeded him Albert Arch-Duke of Austria Governour The Death of the Arch-Duke of Austria of the Low-Countries died in July and in September following died Cardinal Bellarmine From Christ 1621. The Death of Cardinal Bellarmin Heydelbergh for some time besieged by Tilly the Imperial General was at length by him taken by Storm and given up to the plunder of the Soldiers who exercised Heydelbergh taken by
among those who descended from them two of the Name of Picus and two of that of Faunus one of the latter was Father of Latinus Father to Lavinia who was married to Aeneas The third of Aeneas the chief of the third Dinasty which lasted 436 Years under Kings to the Foundation of Rome At this time lived Homer and Hesiod the Home Hesiod Jetys and Dares Greek Poets and Jetys of Creet and Dares of Phrygia Historians who writ in Prose the History of Troy as Homer did in Verse Nabonassar and Arbaces Lieutenant Generals The Death of Sardanapalus to Sardanapalus besieged him in Niniveh insomuch that this Prince who had been so Effeminate finding the Walls broken down had the Courage to burn himself in his own Palace with his Wives his Children and Treasures Of the World 3257. before Ch. 747. From the Destruction of the Empire of Babylon and Assyria there arose three Kingdoms the first in Babylon under Nebonassar Nabonassar King of Babylon called Baladam in the Holy Scriptures and Bellesis by the Greeks In the first Year of his Reign the ancient Geographers have taken their Epoche The second Kingdom was that of the Medes but lasted only about Thirty eight Years Arbaces being contented at that time to restore Liberty to his Countrymen The third Kingdom in Nineveh was under Tilgamus Tilgamus King of Assyria or Ninus the younger called Tiglat Pilezer in the Holy Scripture Of the World 3262. before Ch. 742. Achas succeeded his Father Jonathan King of Judah Picae was killed by Hoseas his Successor in the Kingdom of Israel which ended The end of the King 〈…〉 of Israel in the Person of 〈◊〉 King slain by Tilgat Pylezar King of Asâ—yria after that Monarchy had lasted 254 Years from Jeroboam Of the World 3278. before Ch. 726. Nebonazar having reigned fourteen Years had for his Successors Na 〈…〉 Ch 〈…〉 and Ponâ—s together Then Eluâ—ius who reigned Kings of Babylon successively for the space of Twelve Years After whom Merodachus Balladan so called by Isaiah began to Reign This King is named Mardosempades by the Greeks Of the World 3284. before Ch. 720. Lycurgus of the Royal Blood of the Heraclides Lycurgus Guardian to his Nephew King of Lacedemon did there change the Government purely Monarchical into a Government composed of Monarchy and Aristocracy The fabulous History ascribes the Foundation The Foundation of Lacedemon of that City to Lacedemon Son of Jupiter and Thais Daughter to Atlas But the true History does reckon for their first King Laelex Contemporary with Cecrops He had for his Successor Eurctas who gave the Name to a River on which that City was built It was also call'd Sparta from the Name of a Daughter of that King Candaulus the last King of Lydia of the Candaule Giges Dinâ—sly of Arges was killed by Giges instigated by the Wife of Candaulus enraged that her Husband had shewed her naked to Giges who married this Queen and so became King of Lydia Of the World 3286. before Ch. 718. The Poet Archilochus who made Jamlike Archilochus Verses was their Contemporary and makes mention of that History Of the World 3290. before Ch. 714. Corinth changed the Form of its Government Corinth ' s change of Government It s Foundation of Monarchy to a Republick This City was built in the Year of the World 2640 by Sisiphus Son to Aeolus who was killed by Theseus by reason of his Robberies Corinthus who succeeded him gave the Name to that City Romulus died and was Deified under the The Death of Romulus Name of Quirinus Of the World 3293. before Ch. 731. Zenacherib Son and Successor to Salmanasur Zenachrib who conquered Egypt and Syria was constrained to raise the Siege of Jerusalem an Angel having killed in one Night 185000 of his Army Being returned to Ninive he was there kill'd by two of his Sons Serrhaddon or Assaradin his other Son Assaradin King of Assyria Ezechias Esaiah reigned in his place Ezechias was then King of Judah assisted by the Counsel of the Prophet Esaiah He reigned with great Justice and Piety But Manasses his Son was not like to Manasses him Of the World 3310. before Ch. 698. The Kindom of Babylon being fallen into Babylon and Syria united decay and weakned Assaradin made himself Master of it and joyned it to Assyria Of the World 3323. before Ch. 681. Numa Pompilius who succeeded Romulus Numa Pompilius died Of the World 3336. before Ch. 668. Jeodachim who was Nebuchadnezzar in Nebuchadonezar King of Assyria Babylon Deicos King of the Medes the Book of Judith succeeds Assaradin in the Kingdom of Assyria and Babylon He overcame Arphaxad called Deicos by the Greeks King of the Medes Manasses died after he had been re-establish'd in his Kingdom having lain in Prison many Years at Babylon Ammon his Son followed his wicked Ways but not his Repentance Josias his Son was always held a Godly and a Vertuous King Tullus Hostillius the third King of Rome Tullus Hostillius died Under his Reign Alba was joyned to Rome by the Victory of the Horatii over Horaces Curiaces the Curatii Of the World 3369. before Ch. 635. Chinaladanan or Saracus Successor to Saosduchin Kings of Assyria was overcome and killed in Ninive by Nabopalassur who revolted against him and made a League with Phraord Son and Successor to Deicus King of the Kings of the Medes Medes Of the World 3380. before Ch. 624. So Nabonahassur became King of Babylon and of Assyria and was in Alliance with the Medes and marrying Nebuchadonesur with Amâ—tys Sister to Astyages Son of Cyaxares he succeeded his Father Phraord Anous Martius the fourth King of Rome Anous Martius died He built the City of Ostia at the Mouth of Tyber Of the World 3393. before Ch. 611. N 〈…〉 or Neco King of Egypt having Necos King of Egypt left his Kingdom to make War against Nabâ—palâ—â—ur is stopt in his Way by Josias who was killed in the Battle Of thâ— World 3395. before Ch. 609. Necos being victorious brought Jehoaâ—has Kings of Judah Son of Josias Prisoner and put in his place on the Throne of Judah Jâ—hoachim Brother to Jehoachas Of the World 3398. before Ch. 609. Nebuchadnesur carried Jehoachim into Captivity as likewise Jeconius Son to Jehâ—achim The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Judah and at last took Zedechias Uncle to Jeconias and put out his Eyes and killed his Children in his presence while Nebuzaradin ruined the City and Temple of Jerusalem The Dâ—struction of Jerusalem Of the World 3416. before Ch. 588. Where Jeremiah the Prophet lived to bewail the Miseries of the Jews In the same time that Ezekiel prophesied to the Captive Jews in Babylon Of the World 3417. before Ch. 587. The Sixth Age. DAniel and his Companions gave Daniel Marks of their Faith and Piety towards Nebuchadnezar ' s
they chose Horatius Pulvilius who also dying had for his Successor Spurius Leucretius Father to Leucretia The Siege of Rome by Porsenna King of The Siege of Rome by Porsenna the Thuscans in favour of the Tarquins the Noble Actions of Horatius Cocles of Mutius Scaevola and of Clelia the Roman Virgin are remark'd in the Roman History Darius sent to demand Earth and Water of the Grecian Cities of Europe as Marks of their Homage which they refused and prepar'd for War Of the World 3511. before Ch. 493. This King having sent a great Army against The beginning of the War between the Persians and the Greeks The Battle of Marathon Pisistratus his Son killed Armodius Aristogeter the Grecians they won the famous Battle of Marathon under the Conduct of Miltiades the Athenian Captain Of the World 3514 before Ch. 490. Pisistratus a Traytor to his Country was the Cause of that War He was killed in that Battle Hippias his Son being also in the same Treason with his Father was kill'd by Armodius and Aristogiter who were likewise slain in the same Action But the Athenians erected Statues for them in Acknowledgment of their Deliverance by them from the Yoak of that Tyrant Darius the Son of Histapes chief of the Darius ' s Death Second Dynasty of the Persian Kings died â—eaving two Sons Artobasanes and Xerxes This younger Brother was preferred before Xerxes ' s Successor the eldest to the Succession of the Kingdom in regard he was born after his Father was made King and also because he was the Son of Atossa Daughter of Cyrus It is remarkable that the eldest yielded without Regret to the Judgment of the Satrapes to whom these two Broâ—hers had referred the Decision of that great Affair Of the World 5520. before Ch. 484. At Rome the common People pretending to be oppress'd by the Senate stirred up a dangerous Sedition to appease which Tribunes of the People at Rome were establish'd Tribunes of the People powerful Magistrates who had the Charge to maintain the Rights of the People and to hinder the Nobility from oppressinâ— them That which happened upon occasion oâ— the Discontent of Q. Martius Coriolanus iâ— Q. Martius Coriolanus Quintus Cincinnatus first Dictator remark'd in the Roman History Quintus Cincinnatus is observed to be thâ— first Dictator the Romans chose upon aâ— emergent occasion Of the World 352â— before Ch. 483. Xerxes pass'd into Europe with a terribâ— Xerxes conquered the Greeks Land-Army having sent another as greâ— by Sea Three hundred Lacedemonianâ— commanded by Leonidas killed Twentâ— thousand of the Land-Army at the Paâ— of Thermopolis All these brave Lacedemâ—nians The Battle at Thermopolis with their General died upon thâ— place The Naval Forces were defeatâ— near Salamis by the Greeks under tâ— The Battle of Salamis Conduct of Euribiades the Lacedemoniaâ— and Themistocles the Athenian Of the Worlâ— Themistocles 3525. before Ch. 479. Xerxes being compelled by his ill Suâ—cess to leave Greece repass'd the Bosphoâ— in a little Bark The Troops he had leâ— in Greece under the Command of Maâ—donius were defeated near Platea by thâ— The Battle of Platea Xerxes ' s Death Lacedemonians Xerxes was killed by Artabanes Captaâ— of his Guards who by that means Reigâ—ed for some Months and then was alâ— killed and Artaxerxes Longomain Son â— Artaxerxes Longomaine Xerxes was plac'd in the Persian Thronâ— Of the World 3531. before Ch. 473. Pindar and Symonides Lirick Poets Soâ—hocles Greek Poets and Euripides Tragick Poets flourisht â—t that time Cymon the Athenian Son of Miltiades Cymon delivered the Asiatick Greeks from the Perâ—an Yoak Of the World 3538. before Ch. 466. Esdras the Jew of the Sacerdotal Line â—rought back those of his Nation who remained Esdras in Babylon since their first return under Zerobabel Artaxerxes having shewn that favour to the Jews for the sake of Nehemiah his favourite the Jews finisht the Building of their Temple from thence many begin their Seventy Weeks mentioned in the The beginning of the Seventy Weeks Ninth Chapter of Daniel Of the World 3550. before Ch 454. The Romans named Ten Persons to digest their Laws which were brought to The Laws of the Twelve Tables them from Athens because they were called the Laws of the Twelve Tables Of the World 3554. before Ch. 450. Those Ten Persons acquitted themselves so well in that Affair that the Government The Decemvirate was committed to them only one of them Appius Claudius having ravisht the Daughter of Virginius a Roman Soldier this The Consuls restored Magistrate was turned out and the Consuls restored Of the World 3557. before Ch. 447. At this time lived Artemiza Queen of The two Artemizas Mausolus Caria who exprest extraordinary Grief for the Death of her Husband Mausolus Of the World 3559. before Ch. 445. There was one of the same Name her Aunt who fought at the Battle of Salamis for Xerxes Herodotus the Historian was Contemporary with the last Artemiza and her Subject Born at Halycarnassus the chief City Learned Men of Greece of Caria The Poet Aeschylus and the Orator Isocrates flourisht at that time Brennus the Gaul having past into Italy Brennus took Rome with a great Army and defeated the Romans in Tuscany took and plundered their City but he could not take the Capitol Of the World 3563. before Ch. 442. Ju. Camillus constrained him to retire and for that great service was esteemed Ju. Camillus drove them out by the Romans as the Founder of their City and was called by them the second Romulus Of the World 3565. before Ch. 439. At Rome the Military Tribunes were The Military Tribunes chose to Govern in the place of the Consuls then the Tribunes were turned out and the Common-wealth remained four Years without any Superiour Magistrate but the Military Tribunes having been restored again they were at length cashiered for ever and the Conâ—â—ls restored The Consâ—ls restored Of the World 3572. before Ch. 432. Then began the Peloponesian War between The Peloponesian War Hellenicus Thucydides the Athenians and the Lacâ—dâ—monians all the other Greeks taking part with the one or the other The History of this War has been Written by Hellenicus Hâ—rodâ—tâ—s and more exactly by Thucidides's Contemperaries who have also described the general Plague which ravaged at that time through all the known World Of the World 3574 before Ch. 430. Hypocrates writ of it as a Physitian and Hippocrates The Cyrenians change to a Republick has given great proof of his Ability and Skill on this occasion the Cyrenians changed the form of their Government from a Monarchy which had lasted 200 Years to a Republick Artaxerxes Longomanus dyed Of the World 3579. before Ch. 425. his Son Xerxes the Kings of Persia second was killed about a Year after by his Brother Zogdian who also was slain six Months after
The End of the Kingdom of Pergamus and of the Kingdom of Attalus the last King of Pergamus under pretence he had made them his Heirs Scipio Aemilianus Africanus added to his Sur-name that of Numantinus having taken The taking of Numantia and ruined Numantia the only City in Spain had given Refuge to the remaining Party of the Carthaginians Of the World 3872 before Ch. 132. Demetrius Nicator set at Liberty by the Parthians killed in Battle his Brother Sydetes Kings of Syria Afterwards he was overcome by Sabynus whom Everietes the Second had sent to be King of the Parthians at their Request Of the World 3876. before Ch. 128. Nicator having been murthered in his escape by his Wife Cleopatra she caused her Son Antiochus whom she had by Nicator to be received as King Afterwards the young King having discovered that his Mother designed to have poyson'd him forc'd her to take that Poyson she had prepared for him Of the World 3882 before Ch. 122. In Aegypt Ptolomy Everictes called also Kings of Aegypt Physcon after the Death of Cleopatra his Wife his Sister and Sister-in-Law married the young Cleopatra Daughter of the other Cleopatra and of Phylometer their Brother He left two Sons by the young Cleopatra which were Ptolomy Laturus and Alexander under the Tuition of their Mother Of the World 3888 before Ch. 116. Two Antiochus's one Sur-named Grypus Of Syria Son of Nicator the other Cyzicenus Son of Sydetes disputed the Kingdom of Syria John Hircan took this occasion to set at liberty his Nation seized on Samaria and ruined the Temple which Manasses Brother to Jaddus had built there Two hundred Years before and subdued the Idumeans whom he compelled to be circumcised Of the World 3898 before Christ 106. After his Death Judas Aristobulus's Son The first King of the Jews after their Captivity took the Title of King His Reign was short for he died about a Year after with great Regret that he had killed his Brother Absalon Antigonus Alexander Jamnes whom he had put in Prison was set at Liberty and plac'd on the Throne and at the same time made High-Priest Of the World 3899. before Ch. 105. Grypus having been murthered by the Treason of his own Subjects and Cyzicenus killed in Battle by Seleucus the Son of Gryphus and Seleucus likewise slain in Battle by Philip the Son of Cyzicenus Of â—â—â—gs of Syria the World 3907 before Ch. 97. the Kingdom was disputed between that Philip and Antiochus Son of Seleucus Of the World 3911 before Ch. 93. In the mean time the Romans had past the Alps subdued the Country of the Allobroges and of the Saliens with that part of the Country called the Roman Province and Gallia Narbonensis These happy Successes abroad were disturbed by intestine Divisions between the Senate and the People supported by their Tribunes Tiberius and Cains Gracchus who there lost both their Lives Marius who began to make himself Marius considerable took the Plebeans part by whose Favour he had Commission to go and finish the War against Jugurtha King of Numidia who had declared himself Enemy to the Romans having put to Death his two Brothers Adherbal and Hiemsal Sons to Micipsa Allies to the Romans as their Father had been Marius triumph'd over Jugurtha having overcome and taken Jugurtha Defeated and made a Prisoner by Marius The Defeat of the Cimbrians and the Teutons Bellum Sociale him in Battle This Defeat of Jugurtha was attended with that of the Cimbrians and Teutons who were defeated by Marius first on the Banks of the Rhone and after that in Italy The same Marius made an end also of the War in Italy called Bellum Sociale because many People of the adjacent Country had made a League against the Romans demanding a Right of Pretension to the Offices and Dignities of that City All what is before-mentioned in the Roman Affairs was transacted between the Year 629 and 663 from the Foundation of Rome The Syrians wearied with the Civil Wars between their last Kings the Selucides The Syrians give up their Kingdom to Tygranes King of Armenia Mithridates King of Pontus gave the Crown to Tygranes King of Armehia an Ally of the most powerful Mithridates King of Pontus who having attack'd Nicomedes King of Bythinia and Ariobarzanes King of Cappadocia Allies of the Romans occasioned a long War This King in the first War was overcome by Sylla who gave such Conditions of Peace to the Vanquish'd as he pleased Then Sylla hastned his Return to Rome in order to oppose the Faction of Marsus These two Competitors being so powerful The first Civil War among the Romans in the Commonwealth by their Ambition occasioned the first Civil War among the Romans Marius who had been six times Consul Marius overcome and killed by Sylla pâ—rpetual Dictator His Death was there overcome and killed by Sylla who became Master of Rome and made himself perpetual Dictator yet he divested himself of that Sovereign Dignity sometime before his Death which was occasioned by the lousie Disease Mithridates having renewed the War Thâ— Second War against Mithridates overcome by Lucullus Pompey ' s Exploâ—â—s was often defeated by Lucullus to whom Pompey was sent to succeed to carry on that War Pompey had already gloriously acquitted himself in the Civil War where he was oâ— Sylla's Party At Twenty four Years oâ— Age he had triumph'd for his Victories in Sertorius overcome and killed Spain where he overcame and killed Sertorius who took Marius's part He had drove out the Gladiators supported by the Power of Spartacus He did the same With Spartacus chief of the Gladiators The Pyrates defeated to the Pyrates of Cilica who infested the Seas The like good Fortune attended him in the War against Mithridates He forc'd him from that side of the River and from Tygris where he was at last reduc'd to that Extremity that the miserable King The Death of Mithridates forsaken by his own People was constrained by his Son Pharnaces to kill himself Pompey having likewise reduced Tygranes King of Armenia to accept those Conditions of Peace he imposed on him returning into Syria stopt at Damas and there Pompey in Syriâ— was informed of the Difference between the two Brothers Hircanus and Aristobulus Sons of Alexander Jamne and of Alexandra King and Queen of the Jews This Queen after the Death of her Husband had most prudently Governed the Kingdom as Guardianess of her Children for the space of Nine Years But they quarrelled and made War one against the other After her Death Pompey commanded them to lay down their Arms and imposed certain Conditions which not being observed by Aristobulus Pompey besieged him and took him at Jerusalem and brought him Prisoner to Rome leaving the High-Priesthood to Hircan forbidding him to take the Name of King He put the Government of the Kingdom into the Hands of Antipater the Father of
was King Gilimer and so put an end to the Kingdom of the Vandals in Africk which had lasted Ninety five Years under four Kings since Genseric From Christ 534. John the Second Bishop of Rome had Bishops of Rome succeeded Boniface and Agapetus was Successor to John Agapetus died in a Voyage to Constantinople where Theodatus King of the Ostrogoths in Italy had sent him to excuse the Murder that this Theodatus the Usurper had committed upon Amalazunta and her Son Athalaric who were allied to Justinian Vitige having succeeded Theodatus Justinian sent Bellisarius against him This great Captain met with the like good Fortune in Italy as he had in Africk He made himself Master of Rome and took Vitige whom he brought to Constantinople to Justinian From Christ 540. During this War there hapned a very great Scandal in the Church of Rome Silverius A Schism of Silverius and Vigilius had succeeded Agapetus the Deacon Vigilius bad promis'd Theodora the Wife of Justinian who was an Eutychian to favour those of that Party if she would put him in the place of Silverius which was effected by the means of Bellisarius who executing the Commands of the Empress turned out Silverius who died in Banishment at the end of two Years and put Vigilius in his place From Christ 542. This same Year was remarkable by abolishing the Consulates of the Roman Empire The abolishing the Consulates It was believed that Justinian did it by the Advice of Trebonianus who was enraged for having been disappointed of that Dignity to which he had aspired Hildebauld had been set up by the Ostrogoths Kings of the Ostrogoths of Italy in the place of Vitiges Then Hildebauld being killed by the Great Persons of that Nation they chose Totyla for their King who was very worthy of their Choice as well by his Birth as by his personal Qualities Bellisarius had been recalled from Italy by Justinian to go and make War against the Persians but was again sent back into Italy to oppose Tâ—tyla wher 's Bellisarius Totyla finding he had not sufficient Forces to maintain a War with Honour against that King prevailed with Justinian to recal him a second time in order to send him against the Persians who had broke the Peace that Bellisarius had made with them in the Name of Justinian So Totyla regained almost all that Bellisarius His Exploits had conquered of the Ostrogoths in Italy and particularly Rome all which was done in the space of eight Years From Christ 550. In this term of time hapned the Death of St. Benedict the famous Institutor of the St. Benedict Monks in the West And at that time Silverius Bishop of Rome died of the Miseries he suffered in his Exile In that space also Vigilius who usurp'd Vigilius sent to Constantinople the Sea of Rome during the Life of Silverius was sent for to Constantinople by the Emperor Justinian to answer an Accusation of many heinous Crimes alledged against him The Historians differ about the manner how the Emperor received him yet they all agree in observing the inconstant variation of the Conduct of Vigilius towards the Emperor who was then Orthodox and towards the Empress Theodora Wife to Justivian who was an Eutychian The Eastern Church being in great Trouble occasioned by this Heresie Justinian ordered a Council to be assembled A Council at Constantinople at Constantinople of more than One hundred and sixty Bishops Vigilius who was in that City opposed the holding of the Council but at last he was compelled to consent to it by the Emperour's Authority From Christ 553. The principal Design of assembling that Council was to condemn Eutychianism and its Consequences But it served only to condemn what was called The Three The three Chapters condemned Chapters against which the Emperor did passionately protest Which were Propositions pretended to favour Nestorianism and were attributed to three famous Bishops of the last Age viz. Theodorus of Mopsuesta Theodâ—â—t of Cyr and Ibas of Edessa tho' in the Council of Macedonia they had been acquitted of all Suspicion of Heresie after a strict Examination of those Propositions As for Vâ—gilius who was at Constantinople he refused to represent the Council because Eutychius Bishop of Constantinople had declared that he would not give place to him or else that there should be an equality between them Vigilius being come to Constantinople out The Inconstancy of Vigilius of Complaisance to the Emperor had condemned the Three Propositions but being very angry with the Council he retracted his Condemnation sending a Declaration of it to the Council The Emperor offended at this ill Conduct of his sent him to Banishment where he remained but a short time being soon after recalled upon his Submission to the Emperor's Will in approving the Council and by condemning the Three Chapters He approved the three Chapters From Christ 554. By this means he had leave to return to Rome but before he could arrive there he died in Sicily His Death Before that time the Emperor had named for that See Pelagius a Deacon yet gave Liberty to the Romans to receive for their Bishop him of the two they should like best By Virtue of this Nomination and without any other Formality Pelagius stood for His Successor Bishop Which displeased the Romans so much that upon his coming to Rome he found not one Bishop to Consecrate him so that this Ceremony was performed by one Andrew a Priest of Ostia From Christ 555. Two Years were expir'd when Narses Narses in Italy the Eunuch who had a very Couragious Spirit and highly experienc'd in the Art of War went into Italy against Attyla whom he overcame and killed in Battle He became Master of Rome and of many other Citys in the four following The end of the Kingdom of the Ostrogoths Years he compleated the intire ruine of the Ostrogoths in Italy having defeated and killed in Battle Teia Successor to Totyla From Christ 559. In the mean time Bellisarius made War Bellisarius sent against the Persians very successfully against the Persians which he ended at last by a Peace he made with them to the Glory and Advantage of the Romans About the end of this Year died Pelagius Bishop of Rome He was very much Bishops of Rome disgusted by the Romans both for the manner of his entring upon the Episcopate for his approving the Council of Constantinople and for Condemning the three Chapters which made the Bishops of Millan and Ravenna to separate from his Communion and Assembled themselves in A Council at Aquileia a Council at Aquileia with the Bishops of their Provinces where they declared against the last Council of Constantinople The four Sons of Clouis as has been mentioned shared their Fathers Kingdom Clodomir one of them was slain in a Battle against the Burgundians and his Children were kill'd by their Uncles Clotaire and
who was chose in his place abusing the Peoples Favours declared himself King of Italy He enjoyed that Royalty but a very short time for he was soon after killed by those who had chosen him Deodatus Bishop of Rome and Successor Bishop of Rome to Boniface the Fourth died and had for his Successor Boniface the Fifth The eight following Years were spent A War against the Persians by Heraclius in making War against Cosroes King of Persia who had seized on a part of Asia the Lesser and of all Syria Heraclius drove him from thence and pursued him even beyond Euphrates having gained many Advantages over him in all Rencounters From Christ 625. Boniface the Fifth Bishop of Rome being Bishop â—f Rome dead Honarius succeeded him From Christ 626. Cosroes having chose his younger Son Kings of Persia for his Successor was for that Reason killed by his eldest Son Siroâ—s who by that means ascended the Throne and presently concluded a Peace with Heraclius restoring to him among other Condititions a piece of the Wood of the Cross A piece of the Cross on which it was said our Saviour was crucified Heraclius believing it carried it back to Jerusalem from whence Cosroes had brought it From Christ 628. Anastatius Bishop of Antioch framed the Heresie of the Monothelites which was Monothelites a Sequel of Eutychianism Mahomet died He had begun to publish Mahomet his Errors in the twelfth Year of this Age in Ziden a City of Arabia Faelix his Native Country where his Doctrine being not at all relish'd he was constrained to fly to Meccha where he was well receiv'd From the Time of his Flight which hapned in the Two and twentieth Year of this Century they took their Aera or Epoche which they call Elgeir that is The Egira of the Mahumâ—tans to say the Flight which is termed Egira by Corruption From Christ 631. In the space of nine Years after his Retreat he seduc'd all Arabia and a part of Persia After his Death his Father-in-Law Abubeker Abubeker Câ—â—im conquered the rest of the Country with Isdigerdes Son of Siroes who murthered his Father With the Death of Isdigerdes ended the Dinasty of the Kings of Persia originally of that Country The remainder of Persia having been conquered by Abubeker who was then made Caliph of the Mahometans which Dignity empower'd him with an absolute Authority over them as well Spiritual as Temporal From Christ 632. Omar Successor to Abubeker and Son-in-Law Omar Successor to Abubeker His Conquests to Mahomet conquered in six Years from Heraclius Mesopotamia Syria with Palestine Aegypt and all the Coasts of Africk which at present is called Barbary From Christ 638. Pope Honorius died It appeared by his Honorius a Monothelite Writings that he approved the Errors of the Monothelites From Christ 639. The See of Rome had in a short time Popes of Rome these three Popes Severinus John the 4th and Theodorus From Christ 641. Heraclius died He was infected with The Death of Heraclius Monothelitism by the three Patriarchs of the three great Sees in the East Sergius of Constantinople Cyrus of Alexandria and Anastatius of Antioch Constantine the Third succeeded his Father Constantine the III. Emperor Heraclius This new Prince was poyson'd at the end of four Months by his Step-Mother Martina the Widow of Heraclius who by that means plac'd on the Throne her Son Heracleon whom she had by Heraclius But the Senate and People soon after expelled this Woman and having cut off the Nose and Ears of her Son Heracleon set on the Imperial Throne Constant the Second Son to Constantine the Constantine the II. Emperor Third and Grand-son to Heraclius From Christ 642. Dagobert succeeded his Father Clotaire the Second and Aripert to whom his Father Kings of France had given Aquitain being dead without Issue his Brother Dagobert was King of The Abby of St. Denis all France He founded the famous Abbey of St. Denis near Paris From Christ 644. In his Life-time he gave Austrasia to his eldest Son Sigibert when he died he left the rest of his Kingdom to Clâ—uis the Second his younger Son Both of the Kings being very young their Persons and their Kingdoms were governed by the Majors of their Courts and from Majors of their Palaces thence those who possess'd this high Charge and Command began to assume a Sovereign Authority in France which was continued by their Successors From Christ 649. Pope Theodorus died He had condemned a Type or Form of Confession of the Popes Faith of the Monothelites framed by Pyrrhus Patriarch of Constantinople and other Patriarchs of Constantinople had maintain'd it under the Emperor Constant Theodorus had condemned this Type in a Council at Rome where the Condemnation had been signed with Ink mix'd with Wine of the Eucharist Martinus Successor to Theodorus did also condemn this Type and for that very The Type of the Monothelites Cause the Exarch Calliopas sent him Prisoner to Constantinople to Constant who banish'd him into the Taurick Chersonese where at five Years end he died of extream Want From Christ 654. In the mean time the Mahometan Arabs who began to be called Saracens made The Saracens Their Conquests The Coloss of Rhodes broke in pieces themselves Masters of Syria of the Isle of Rhodes and of part of Sicily At Rhodes they broke in pieces the famous Colossus fallen down about a thousand Years before They sold it in several Pieces to a Jew who was forc'd to employ Nine hundred Camels to carry them away After the taking of Rhodes the Saracens Constantinople besieged by the Saracens besieged Constantinople but were repuls'd tho' they gained a Naval Victory where there was so much Blood spilt that the Sea was coloured with it The Exarch Calliopas ordered Eugenius Popes to be sent to Rome in the place of the banish'd Martinus after whose Death Eugenius possess'd the Chair again six Months Vitallianus was his Successor From Christ 655. Haly one of the Sons-in-Law of Mahomet Haly Caliph after he had for some time disputed the Dignity of Caliph of the Saracens with one Mahuvias at last he willingly gave place to him From Christ 660. Constant forc'd his Brother Theodosius to be a Deacon in the Church and after that he cruelly put him to Death The great Remorse he had after it made him to leave Constantinople He past into Sicily and from thence to Rome where the Pope Constant comes to Rome with all his Clergy went out to meet him The Romans express'd exceeding great Joy to see an Emperor there when they had been deprived a long time of that Honour But their Joy was soon turn'd to Sorrow for Constant plundered them with as much Barbarity as ever the Goths and Vandals had done Clouis the Second had left for his Successor Kings of France Clotaire the Third King of Neustria or
Sicily on Easter-day Whereupon Peter King of Arragon seized on Sicily to which he pretended a Right by his Wife Constantia Daughter to the Bastard Manfred From Christ 1282. Martin the Fifth and Charles of Anjou The Death of Pops and the Kings of France and Naples King of Naples died with Grief for what hapned in Sicily And King Philip of France also died highly troubled at the loss of a great Army he had sent to seize Arragon upon the Interdiction the Pope had laid on that Kingdom because King Peter as has been mentioned had by treachery made himself Master of Sicily From Christ 1285. Charles the Second called le Boiteux or Their Successors the lame Prince succeeded his Father in the Kingdom of Naples Philip the Fourth called le Bel succeeeded his Father in France To Martin the Fifth succeeded Honorius the Fourth who dying about the end Popes of two years had for his Successor a Cordelier called Nicolaus the Fourth From Christ 1287. The Croyzade this Pope had caused to be preach'd up had very little effect The Sultan took Acre the only City that remained to the Latins in Palestine After the Death of Nicolaus the Fourth the Chair was vacant fifteen Months At length the Cardinals chose a devout Hermit called Peter Moron who took the Name of Celestin the Fifth From Christ 1294. This good Man being highly disgusted Celestin resigns the papacy at the Grandure attended the Papacy was easily persuaded to Resign to the Cardinal of Cajeta who took the Name of Boniface Boniface the Eighth the Eighth This Pope kept his Predecessor Celestin under Confinement where The Celestin Monks he spent the remainder of his days with those Monks he had formerly instituted who from his Papal Name were called Celestins From Christ 1295. The Emperor Rodolphus died in the year 1291. He was so overpersuaded that the Voyages his Predecessors made into Italy had been unfortunate to them which diverted him from going there and likewise made him neglect to keep up his Authority in those Parts so that he made Sale of the Franchises of the Towns of Severaâ— Repâ—blick in Italy Pisa Pistoya Genoa Luca Sienna and Florence which became so many Republicks The Popes also did not let slip that opportunity to establish themselves more firmly in their Temporal Soveraignties Adolphus of Nassau elected in the place Adolphus of Nassau Emperor of Rodolphus Reigned with very little good Fortune being Deposed at the end of four years or as others say six years and some months by a Party of the German Albert of Austria Eâ—peror Princes who set up Albertus Mâ—rquess of Austria Son to R 〈…〉 s The War between these two Competitors ended in a Battel where Adolphus was overcome and killed by Albert with his own Hand From Christ 1298. Pope Boniface concludes this Century The Institution of the Jubilee with the Celebration of a Jubilee which he instituted to be Celebrated every hundred years From Christ 1300. He suborn'd a certain Person by thrusting a hollow Cane into a hole in the Wall of Celestin his Predecessors Chamber to mutter these words to the Pope as he lay in Bed Celestin if thou wilt be happy resign the Pontificate THE Fourteenth Age. THe Pope and King Philip le Bell fell A Quarreâ— between Boniface and Philip le Bel. out upon occasion of the Popes pretended Right of Sovereignty over all Kingdoms This Quarrel lasted till the Death of Boniface which befell him by the means of William de Nogaret a French Captain and Seiarra Colonna an Italian Exile sent by King Philip into Italy to seize on the Pope which they performed and kill'd him in Prison From Christ 1303. Benet the Eleventh of the Order of the Dominicans being his Successor disannul'd Popes all that Boniface had acted against King Philip. Benet having held the See no more than eight Months it was vacant eleven Months at the end of which the King made Bertram of Goot Archbishop of Bourdeaux to be chosen under the Name of Clement the Fifth At his Coronation performed at Lyons in the presencc of King Philip John Duke of Bretany was killed by the tall of a Wall as the Duke was leading the Popes Mule by the Bridle Charles Count of Valois Brother to the King was maim'd and the Pope having his Miter struck off lost a Jasper of a great price He translated the Papal See to the City of Avignon in France where it continued 70 years From Christ 1304. The Emperor Albert having been kill'd by the Sons of the Emperor Adolphus King Philip had a design to have his Brother Charles Count of Valois to be elected but the Pope fearing by that means that France would become too powerful prevented the Design persuading the Electors Henry the â—â—venth Emperor to give the Empire to Henry the Seventh Count of Luxemberg From Christ 1308. Charles le Boisteux King of Naples had Kings of Hungary â—nd Naples marryed his Son Charles called Martel with the Daughter and Heiress of Stephen King of Hungary Martel dying leaving a Son named Corobert who representing his Father had all the right to succeed him in the Kingdom of Naples however his Uncle Robert carryed it before him From Christ 1309. The Knights Hospitalers of St. John of Tâ—â— Hosp◠〈…〉 Rhodes Jerusalem took the Isle of Rhodes and there establish'd the principal Seat of their Order From Christ 1310. At the Council held at Vienna by Clement the order of the Templers was Abolish'd The Hospitallers had some part The Templers abolish'd with the Beguars and the Beguins of their Lands yet King Philip had the greatest share They raced out also in the same Council the Beguars and the Beguins a sort of Fryars and Nuns accused for very great Disorders in their Life and of Errors in their Faith From Christ 1310. The Emperor Henry the Seventh going The Emperor Henry the Seventh poysoâ—'d in the Sacrument into Italy to re-establish the Rights of the Empire died there as 't is believed poysoned by one Bernadine a Predicant Fryar as he gave him the Sacrament From Christ 1313. Pope Clement and King Philip died both at the same time The Pope and the King summon'd at the first Day by the Great Master of the Templers Lewis Hutin King of France The Great Master of the Templers at the Hour of his Execution summoned both the Pope and the King to appear before the Tribunal of God The Pope died in forty Days and the King within a Year From Christ 1314. Lewis the Tenth called Hutin or the Contentious reigned but two Years during which time the See of Rome was vacant At length the Cardinals having impower'd James of Ossa Son to a Shooe-maker Pope John the 22th of Cahors who was of their College to name a Pope he chose himself under the Name of John the Two and twentieth From Christ 1316. The Electors divided
with Saxon Weymar are forced to return without acting any thing considerable A Battel between the Turks and the Persians The Persians beaten by the Turks wherein Ninety thousand of the Turks and Twenty thousand of the Persians fell yet the Turks being more numerous became Victors The Princess Elizabeth born second The princess Elizabeth born Daughter to King Charles the First From Christ 1635. A Peace renewed between the Emperor The Elector of Saxony dâ—sâ—rted the Swedes and the Elector of Saxony at Prague so the Elector deserted the Swedes and the rest of the Confederate Princes About this time the Tartars who harassed The Tartats Conqâ—â—reâ— Chyna the Chyneses with continual Wars entering into Chyna with numerous Forces within the space of twenty years quite subdued those people and became their Masters The Imperialists received a great overthrow The Imperialists routed by thâ— Swedes near Wistock in Germany being routed from their Camp with the loss of all their Baggage and Canon by General Bannier General of the Swedes In Transilvania Stephen the Brother and Peter the Son of Bethlem Gabor endeavoured to make themselves Masters of that Principality with the Assistance of the Turks but were defeated by Ragotsky assisted by the Emperor Ferdinand King of Hungary elected Ferdinand K. of the Romans Breda took by the prince of Orange from the Spaniards King of the Romans From Christ 1636. The Prince of Orange after a Siege of about three months recovers Breda from the Spaniards The Liturgy first read at Edinburgh occasioned a great Tumult Bernard Duke of Saxon Weymar having a long time besieged Brisac a strong City upon the Rhyne compelled it at length to surrender for want of Provision yet the Duke of Lorrain and Lamboy both attempted to relieve it From Christ 1637. The Count Pallatin assisted by the English raised Forces and possess'd himself of Meppen in Westphalia but was defeated by Count Hatfieild and his Brother Prince Rupert taken Prisoner Maria de Medicis Queen Mother arrived Queen Mother of France arrived in England in England The French besieged St. Omers but all in vain But the Duke of Longeville defeated the Duke of Lorrain in Burgundy and at the same time the Prince of Conde was repulsed from the Siege of Fontatabie A Sea-Fight in the Downes between the Dutch and the Spaniards where Trump the A Sea Fight between the Dutch the Spaniard Dutch Admiral tho' inferior in number to the Enemy did beat the Spanish Fleet of which he burnt one part and took others so that very few returned back into Spain Ferdinand the Second Emperor died of a The Death of Ferdinand II. Dropsy in whose room not long after was elected his Son Ferdinand the Third General Bannier defeated the Imperialists The Swedish General dâ—feated the Imperialists Another Sea Fight between the Dutch and the Spaniard near Kemnitz in Saxony and persued Furstemberg into Bohemia Another Sea-Fight between the Dutch and the Spaniards side wherein of 50 Sail on the Spaniards side not twenty escap'd The King of England Armed against the Scots by Sea and Land and sent over for the Lord Deputy of Ireland The Turks take Babylon after they had cut off 40 thousand of the Persian Horse From Christ 1639. AmuÌ„rath the Emperor of the Turks The death of Amurath Ibrahim succeeded Civil Dissentions in Scotland The Impâ—rialists defeated died in the 23d year of his Age to whom Ibrahim the First his Brother succeeded Civil Dissentions first began in Scotland occasioned by the Scots refusing to admit the Liturgy of England General Bannier obtained a great Victory over the Imperialists near Homburg in Hassia A terrible Earthquake felt over all the An Earthquake in Flanders Low Countries and parts adjoining A Parliament began in England and dissolved and several of the Members imprisoned Charles the First his fourth Son born Henry Duke of Glocester born baptized Henry and created Duke of Glocester King Charles sets up his Standard at York 〈…〉 in England The long Parliament began in November The Earl of Stafford impeach'd of High-Treason The Earl of Stafford's and Arch-Bishop Laud ' s â—mpâ—achâ—n of High-Treason Ferdinand Cardinal Infanta died and the Arch-Bishop Laud impeach'd of High-Treason after which the Bishops Votes in Parliament taken away From Christ 1640. Ferdinand the Cardinal Infanta of Spain and Governour of the Low Countries died at Brussels The Duke of Soissons assisted by the Imperialists and relying on the Friendship of the Duke of Bouillon who was then possess'd of Sâ—dan threatned to break into France The King bends all his Forces The Duke of Soissons killâ—d against them so that after a dubious Fight wherein Soissons was slain the Attempâ— was given over Princess Mary 〈…〉 the P. of Orange The Princess Mary Daughter to Charles the First was married to William of Nassaw Prince of Orange at Whitehall The Earl of Strafford beheaded and the The Earl of Stafford beheaded Irish Rebellion broke out where were twenty thousand Persons barbarously murdered The Irish Rebellion broke out K. Charles lâ—ft London and went to York King Charles the First left the City of London and went to York From Christ 1641. Maria de Medicis Queen Dowager of Henry the Fourth King of France and Mother of Lewis the Thirteenth died at The death of Maria de Medicis Queen Dowager of France Collogn in great poverty Not long after Cardinal Richlieu died at Paris in the sixty sixth year of his Age. Saxon Waymer and Eberstein gave Lamboy Lamboy defeated by Saxon Weymar and Eberstein Tortenson did beat the Imperialists and took Lipseich the Imperial General a total Defeat Tortenson the Swedish General gave the Imperialists another Defeat near Leipsich and after that took Leipsich by surrender The French prosper in Catalonia defeated the Spaniards and took Cosibre but are beaten by the Spaniards near Cotelet in Picardy and lost La Basse on the confines of Artois Sir John Hotham denied King Charles the First his Entrance into Hull The Earl Civil Wars in England of Essex made General of the Parliaments Forces while the King did set up his Standard at Nottingham Edge-Hill Fight where the Earl of Lindsey the King's General was slain The Queen of England left Holland and Landed at Burlington in Yorkshire From Christ 1642. Lewis the Thirteenth King of France The Death of Lewis XIII K. of France departed this Life leaving Lewis the Fourteenth to succeed him an Infant of five years of Age. During whose Minority Ann of Austria is appointed Queen Regent while Cardinal Julio Mazarini an Italian obtained the same power at Court which Richlieu had before The Prince of Conde won the famous The Battel of Rocroy A War between the Duke of Parma and the Pope Battel of Rocroy A War between the Duke of Parma and the Pope who was beaten by the Florentines Cheapside-Cross demolish'd and the solemn
and streams of Sulphur Henrietta Maria Queen Mother of England The death of the Queen Mother of England and Daughter to Henry the IV. died at Columbe near Paris Alphonso the Deposed King of Portugal was convey'd to the Island Tercera In Poland Michael Wisnowisky an Illustrious Winowisky 〈…〉 King of Poland Prince of the Kingdom was chosen King The Prince of Tuscany came to London The Prince of Tuscany arrived at London The prince of Denmark came to England The Duke of Albemarle ' s death visited Oxford and Cambridge and departed for Holland Prince George arrived in England The Duke of Albemarle died The Counts of Serini Nadast Frangipany and others were accused for conspiring against the Emperor for which they were imprisoned and beheaded The Duke of Crequi by the King of Three German Counts beheaded The French took Lorrain France his Command no War having been proclaim'd took the Dutchy of Lorain and reduced it to a French Province The pretence was that the Duke of Lorain contrary to the Pyrenean Articles had bred up Souldiers The Triple League between the King of The death of the Dutchess of Orleans England Sweden and Holland concluded in the year 1668. this year broken by the King of England About which time the Dutchess of Orleans struck up the Dover Treaty with France and a little while after she died at St. Clou in France Frederick the Third King of Denmark The death of the K. of Denmark departed this Life to whom succeeded Christian the Fifth In Russia the notorious Rebel Stephen Razin occasioned great Troubles and took the City of Astracan Popes In Italy Cardinal Aâ—nilio Altieri was made Pope and assumed the Name of Clement the Tenth The Duke of Florence died leaving his The death of the Duke of Florence Son Cozmo to succeed him who had travelled thro' many Countries in Europe The Prince of Orange arrived at White-Hall Tâ—â—â— of Orange arrived at London From Christ 1670. Charles the Second King of England sent the Order of the Garter to John George the Second Elector of Saxony Ann Dutchess of York died and was The death of the Dutchess of York interred in Henry the Seventh's Chappel Collonel Blood in the habit of a Parson made an attempt to carry away the Crown out of the Tower of London Sir Robert Holmes the English Admiral fell upon the Dutch Smirna Fleet. The Pope acknowledged the King of Portugal a free Prince and honoured him with a Nuntio From Christ 1671. The King of England declared War against Holland A terrible Engagement between the English and Dutch Fleets at Southwold-Bay where the English being surprized by De Ruyter after a sharp Dispute the Dutch Fleet gave way and retreated where was unfortunately lost the Earl of Sandwich Vice-Admiral of England The King of France invaded Holland and in the space of one Month took three Provinces Amsterdam being in very great danger Two Brothers Ruart van Putten and The death of De Wit and his Brother Pensionary De Witt killed by the multitude The Prince of Orange restored to the Dignities of his Ancestors was declared The prince of Orange made Capt. General of the States Armies Captain General of the States Armies The King of England stop'd all Payments of Money out of his Exchequer John Cazimir King of Poland having The Exchequer shut up The death of Cazimir K. of P lanâ— left his Kingdom lived a retired life in France where he died Charles Duke of Richmond died at Elsynore in Denmark where he was his Majesty's extraordinary Ambassador From Christ 1672. The death 〈◊〉 â— of 〈…〉 mond The Emperor made a League with the Spaniard Hollander and other Princes against the King of France and sent away The Emperor â— clared War against France Mastrick taken by the French The death of the K. of Poland the French Ambassador from Vienna The King of France took Mastriek and after that subdued ten Cities in Alsatia King Michael died in Poland but the next day the Poles under the Conduct of John Sobiesky gave the Turks a great overthrow who by that Victory gained so much the favour of the Polish Nobility that they chose him King the year ensuing The Spaniards declared War against the French and the French against the Spaniards The King of France finding so many Enemies confederated against him did quit his Conquests in Holland A first second and third Engagement between the Dutch and the English Fleets under the command of Prince Rupert In the last of which Sir Edward Spragg was lost in the second the English forced the Dutch to shelter themselves among their Flatts and Shoals The Dutchess of Modena arrived in England and was married to the Duke of York A Peace concluded between the King A peace between England and Holland of England and the States General From Christ 1670. The French Ambassador commanded to depart Ratisbone because the French were declared publick Enemies of the Empire The Battel of Sensheim in the lower Palatinate Tâ—â— Battle of Sensheim between the Saxons joined with the Imperialists against the French where Mareschal Turenne got the better of them The Battel of Seneff where the Prince The Battel of Seneffe of Orange remained Master of the Field Messina in Sicily revolted from the Spaniards Messina submitted to France and submitted to the K. of France who sent the Count de Vivonne for their The Danes made a League with the Spaniard and Hollander Governour The King of Denmark made a League with the Emperor the Spaniard and the Hollander while the Swedes inclined to the French and by the instigation of the French Ambassador fell into Brandenburgh which enforced the Elector to observe the Sobietsky King of Poland Peace made with France John Sobyetzsky elected K. of Poland with great applause of the Nobility and People King Charles having been pleased to accept The Freedom of London presented to K. Charles of the Freedom of the City of London the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen humbly presented his Majesty with the Copy of the Freedom in a Box of Massy Gold set with Diamonds From Christ 1674. The death of Mareschal Turenne Mareschal Tarenne killed by a Canon-shot and the French forced to retire out of Alsatia The Duke of Crequy defeated by the Confederates under the command of the Duke of Zell did fly to Treves and defended Treves taken the Town for a short time but at length the City was taken by the Victors and the D. of Crequy made a Prisoner Nimmegen appointed the place of Treaty Nimmegen the place of Treaty for a Peace between the Potentates at variance where Charles II. King of England interposed as Mediator From Christ 1675. A Marriage solemnized at St. James's The prince of Orange married to Lady Mary between the P. of Orange and the Lady Mary Stetin in Pomerania after a
long Siege surrendred upon honourabe terms to the Elector of Brandenburgh Stetin taken by the Elector of Brandenburgh Gâ—â—nt sarrâ—ndred to the French The City of Ghent surrendred to the King of France Phillipsburgh besieged by the Imperialists was taken by composition Admiral De Ruyter engaging with thâ— French in the Mediterranean received his deaths Wound and died in the Bed of Honour The denth of Admiral de Ruyter in the seventy year of his Age. The Danes in conjunction with the Hollanders did beat the Swedish Fleet consisting of 40 Men of War and then landing in Schonen took several Towns from the Swedes But in the midst of their Victories near Helmstade were defeated by the Swedes with a great loss And after that they lost a second Battel to the Swedes near the City of Lunden where after a bloody Fight above 9000 Men were killed on both sides A Battel between the Prince of Orange Cambray and St. Omers taken by the French and the Duke of Orleans at Mount Cassel After which Cambray and St. Omers were taken by the French Cardinal Benedict Odescalchi was chose Pope in the room of Clement X. who died Popes in the 87th year of his Age. He assumed the name of Innocent XI And it was said that Donna Olimpia a cunning Woman and powerful in the Court of Rome prepared the way for him to that Dignity From Christ 1676. The Swedes did again defeat the Danes in a terrible Conflict near Landscroone On the other side the Danes overcame the Swedes in a Sea-Fight and took several of their Men of War A Peace concluded at Nâ—meghen between Luxemburgh quitted the Siege of Mons. the French and the Dutch The Prince of Orange forced the Duke of Luxemburgh to quit the Siege of Mons. Dr. Oats made the first discovery of the Popish Plot upon which Sir Edmundsbury The death of St. Edmundsbury Godfrey Coleman hang'd Messina submitted to the Spaniard The peace between France Spain Godfrey was murthered and one Coleman who called himself the Duke of York's Secretary was executed at Tyburne as were afterwards several others Messina in Sicily wearyed with the French Government submitted it self to the Spanish Monarchy From Christ 1678. The Peace between France and Spain concluded at Nimeghen proclaimed in both Kingdoms A most grievous Persecution of the Hugonet's in France The King of Spain married the Daughter The K. of Spain married the D. of Orleans Daughter of the Duke of Orleans which displeased the Emperor A great disorder in England by reason of several Persons who did second Dr. Oats in the further discovery of the Popish The D. of York sent into Flanders and after into Scotland Plot while the lower House of Parliament used all their endeavours to disinherit the Duke of York for being a Papist Upon which the Duke was sent out of the way first into Flanders then into Scotland From Christ 1679. The Elector Palatin built a new Church at Fredericksberg which was dedicated to Concord and consecrated by a Lutheran Doctor with whom were joined a Roman Catholick Priest and a Calvinist Minister The King of France by sundry Acts of Hostility committed in Alsatia the Palatinate and in the Bishoprick of Treves disturbed the Peace concluded but the year before The Duke of Mantua sold the strong Casal â—old to the French Lord Stafford beheaded Town of Casal to the French The Lord Stafford being found guilty of High Treason by his Peers was Beheaded upon Tower-Hill Charles Count Palatine of the Rhyne and Prince Elector was created Knight of the Garter and installed at Windsor The Parliament sate at Oxford but was on a sudden dissolved The death of Don John of Austria Don John of Austria departed this life From Christ 1680. A Diet held at Francfort on the Mayne where the Articles of the Treaty at Nimegen in Controversy were argued with the King of France who made slight of that Treaty and had offered several Injuries to the Princes bordering upon the Rhyne for contrary to his Faith given he seized Strasburgh took by the French on Strasburgh and caused the Cathedral to be consecrated a-new by the Bishop of Furstemberg for the use of the Roman Catholicks The Hugonots by reason of their being The Hugonots came 〈◊〉 England so cruelly persecuted did fly out of France into England and Holland The Hungarians were promis'd their freedom with the restitution of their Liberties by the Emperor But the free Exercise of their Religion being denied them by the persuasions of the Jesuites those promises came to nothing The Pope was angry with the King of France for assuming the Collation of Ecclesiastical Benefices upon which the Gallican Clergy being assembled gave their Opinions for the King A Peace between the Emperor of Morocco A peace between the Emperor of Morocco and the King of England and the King of England for four years An Ambassador from Muscovy arrived in England And in the same year also came another Embassy from the King of Fâ—z and Morocco and a Peace was concluded with the Mâ—â—rs The death of Thomas Thynne 〈◊〉 Count Conningsmark caused Thomas Thynn Esq to be basely murthered Conningsmark was acquitted but his Accomplices were Hang'd From Christ 1681. In the Diet of Francfort the Affair of the Reunions unjustly challeng'd by the King of France began to be disputed with the French Ambassadors but because the French Ambassadors refused to treat with the Germans in the Latin Tongue according to custom but persisted to give in their Memorials in the French Language the Diet broke up reinfecta The King of Denmark Elector of Brandenburg and the Bishops of Cologne and Munster enâ—er into a mutual League which many interpreted to be done in favour of the King of France The King of France ordered the Walls of the City King of France took the City of Orange The Gallican Decree against the Pope of Orange to be pull'd down and took the Principality from the lawful possessor the Prince of Orange The Galâ—â—an Clergy assembl'd at Paris decree in opposition to the Court of Rome that the Pope had no power to absolve Subjects from their Oath of Fidelity to their Sovereign that a universal Council was above the Pope that the Popes Authority was limited by the Canons of the Church and that the Pope was not infallible The Great Duke of Muscovy being removed by The Death of the great Duke of Muscovy Count Teckley submitted to the Turks Four Bantam Ambassadors poyson after many Tumults and Slaughters his two Sons agreed to divide the Empire between â—em Count Teckly did put himself under the protection of the Turks and possessed himself of Cassâ—via 〈◊〉 and the Fort of Villeck Four Bantam Ambassadors arrived at London and two of them Knighted by King Charles The Morocco Ambassador entertain'd at Oxford Prince Rupert Prince Palatine of the Rhine died of a Fever and Plurify in the sixty third year of his Age. From Christ 1682. 〈◊〉 besieged by the Tâ—rks and the Siege raised The death of prince Rupert Vienna besieâ—ed by the Turks by the King of Poland in conjunction with the Duke of Lorrain At the same time the King of Poland and the Duke of Lorrain pursued the flying â—nemy and defeated them on a bloody Battel near Baâ—can after which follow'd the surrender of Graâ— Because the Spaniaâ—d rejected the Demandâ— of the French the King of France fell upon Oudenard and Oudenard and Dixmude took by the French P. George of Denmark married to the Lady Ann. Dixmude and took them Prince George of Denmark arrived at Whitehall and was marryed to the Lady Ann the younger Daughter of the Duke of York Judgment given against the ancient Charter of the City of London in the King's Bench Court From Christ 1683. The Emperor King of Poland and the Republic of Venice enter into a League against the Turks A Truce for twenty years between the Emperor the States of the Empire and the King of France consented to by the Emperor provided it should be no way prejudicial to the Treaties of Westphalia and Nimeghen A Truce also concluded for the same Term between the States General and the French King contrary to the Advice of the Spaniard Swede and others The French Bomb the flourishing City of Genoa The French Bomb Genoa The Tyde ran strong against all that had stood up for the ancient Liberties of England and all the Corporations Cities and Towns in the Kingdom were forced to surrender their Charters and accept of new ones from the Court. The death of King Charles II. Charles II. died at Whitehall as it was said of an Apoplexy and the same day James Duke of York was proclaimed King in his room FINIS
of Darius Codomanus to the Macedonians in The Empire of the Macedonians the person of Alexander Of the World 3675 before Ch. 329. It is remarkt what happened to him in that time with Talestris Queen of the Amazons Thalestris Queen of the Amazons A War against the Scythians who came to visit him in Hircaniâ— on the Banks of the Caspian Sea The War he afterwards undertook against the Scythians which proved unfortunate to him made him repass the Caâ—â—casus at the foot of which he founded aâ— second Alexandria The Conspiracy of Parmenio and oâ— The Conspiracy of Parmenio and Phylotas The Death of Clytus and Calisthenes his Son Phylotas cost both of them their lives The Death of Clytus and of Calistheneâ— the Phylosopher the first killed by Alexander himself in a Debauch the other by the hands of an Executioner being suspected to have conspired against Alexander Of the World 3676 before Ch. 328. Alexander advancing towards Indus Taxilis Taxilis a King whose Country lay on thiâ— side of that River submitted voluntarily to him so did Omphis another Indiaâ— Omphis King who lived beyond the same River But Porus the greatest King of that Porus. Country having opposed him was overcome and made a Prisoner and in the end treated very honourably by the Conqueror Of the World 3677 before Ch. 229. History does not forget to remark the The Death of Bucephalus Funeral Honours which Alexander caused to be paid to his Horse Bucephalus And the City he ordered to be built about his Tomb by the name of Bucephalia on the River Hydaspes His Army being arrived on the borders of Hypanis refused by a kind of Mutiny to pass further so that Alexander was Alexander returns He visits the Ocean forc'd to return back In his return he surveyed the Mouths of the River Indus and sailed for a while on the Ocean then taking his course along the Sea-side The loss of a great part of his Army by the great Droughts excessive Heat and want of Water and Provisions he lost three parts of his Army He arrived with the Remainder at Pasargade in Persia from thence marcht to Susa where Calanus the Calanus the Gimnosophyst Indian Gimnosophyst burnt himself because he found his Health begin to decay after he had enjoyed it perfectly for the space of Seventy Years Alexander being at Ecbatana in Parthia lost his dear Ephestion who died of a Debauch The Death of Ephestion of Wine Among his various expresses of Grief for his loss he often uttered some cruel ones and some very ridiculous He came to Babylon contrary to the Advice Alexander at Babylon and Council of the Caldeans who foretold that his coming there would prove Fatal He staid there some time and departed Laughing at the Prognosticators he took a Survey of the Mouth of Euphrates and there received the account of Nearchus and Onesicritus to whom he had given order to view the Coasts between the Mouths of the River Indus and Euphrates being return'd to Babylon giving His Return himself up to extraordinary Debauches of Wine died either by those Excesses or His Death of Poison given him by his greatest Familiars he lived but 32 Years of which he had Reigned 12. His Death happened in the first Year of the 114th Olimpiad and at the 449th Year from the Foundation of Rome Of the World 3681 before Christ 323. He left a Bastard Son named Hercules and his Wife Roxalana big with Child who was brought to Bed of a Son called after his Name these two Sons with Philip His Sons Arideus brother to Alexander acknowledged Arideus his Brother Perdiccas Governor of the Kings Kings by the Mecedonians under the Tuition of Perdiccas the two first by reason of their Childhood and the third in regard of the weakness of his Understanding The other Friends of Alexander shared among them his Conquests under the Titles of Governors which they assumed during the Life of those Kings But after that by the Fraud and Cunning of Olimpias and Antipater they were destroyed Their Death each of them took the Title of Sovereign in his Government It was not long before they fell to War among themselves by which the chief of them were ruined Perdiccas the first march'd into Aegypt The Death of Perdiccas Ptolomy King of Aegypt against Ptolomy the Son of Lagus and was there killed in Battle by Ptolomy who by that Victory was fully establish'd in that Monarchy and joyned to Aegypt Cyrenaica and part of Arabia Craterus had shared Macedonia and the Craterus killed rest of Greece with Antipater But Craterus having past into Asia against Eumenes was there kill'd in Battle Of the World 3680 before Ch. 320. Eumenes a-while after had the same Fate Eumenes killed by Antigonus who thus remain'd Master of a great part of Asia the Lesser having killed in Battle Lysimachus After which Lysimachus kill'd Antigonus was likewise slain in a Battle against Seleucus Demetrius the Son of Antigonus after he had restored Liberty to the ancient Republicks of Greece and had made himself Master of Macedonia lost it again and fell into the Hands of his Son-in-Law Seleucus Nicanor who kept him Prisoner tho' very honourably and most commodiously in a Peninsula of Syria where Demetrius The Death of Demetrius gave himself up excessively to his Pleasures died at the end of three Years Antipater Cassander and his other Sons the Death of Olimpias Antipater Cassander and his other Sons who had a hand in the Death of the Kings and in that of Olimpias they perish'd all in the space of twelve Years Thus the whole Succession of Alexander was divided into three Kingdoms That of the Selucides comprehended Mesopotamia The Selucides in Asia Syria and Asia the Lesser under Seleucus Nicanor who gave Name to this Dinasty Of the World 3692. before Ch. 312. That of the Ptolomy's comprizing Aegypt The Ptolomy ' s in Aegypt Cyrenaica with a part of Arabia under Ptolomy the Son of Lagus That of Macedonia under the young Antigonus Of Macedonia under the young Antigonus Philosophers who became Master there after that Pyrrhus who had disputed it with him was gone into Italy At this time lived Democritus Heraclitus and Zeno Prince of the Stoicks Euclid chief of the Mathematicians and Epicurus who kept two Schools in Asia one at Lampsasche and the other at Mytelene The Indians shook off the Macedonian The Indians set at Liberty Yoke having valiantly repuls'd Selucus who was advanc'd towards them to keep them in Obedience Of the World 3700 before Ch. 304. At his Return from this Voyage he The Foundation of Antioch and of Selucia founded two Cities in the same Year Antioch on the River Orontes in Syria and Selucia upon the Tygris the first after the Name of his Son Antiochus and the second after his own Name Of the World 3704
Son of the Lacedemonian General Of the World 3807 before Ch. 197. The Syrian War was not less glorious to The Syrian War the Romans Hannibal being retired to Antiochus the Great whom he perswaded to declare War against them which proved unfortunate to him For the Romans first beat him at the famous Pass of Thermopolis and again on the Banks of Meander in Asia under the Conduct of Lucius Scipio Lucius Scipio Asiaticus from thence Sur-named the Asiatick His Brother Cornelius the African having been his Lieutenant in this Expedition Of the World 3813. before Ch. 191. Four Years after Antiochus having been Kings of Syria killed by the Persians near the Temple of Jupiter Elemais his Son Seleucus Phylopater succeeded him in the Kingdom of Syria Of the World 3817 before Ch. 187. Hannibal poison'd himself having discover'd The Death of Hannibal that Prusias King of Bythinia designed to deliver him up to the Romans Of the World 3822 before Ch. 182. In the third Chapter of the second Book of the Maccabees is to be read what happened to Heliodorus when he attempted The History of Heliodorus to plunder the Temple of Jerusalem Of the World 3828 before Ch. 176. At his return from Judea Heliodorus killed Seleucus and so made himself Master of the Kingdom of Syria but did not long Kings of the Kingdom of Syria Antiochus Epiphanes enjoy it for he was soon after slain by Antiochus Epiphanes Brother to Seleucus This Antiochus had been given a Hostage to the Romans by his Father Antiochus the Great Seleucus his Brother disengaged him by sending his own Son Demetrius in his place So that in the Nephew's absence it was easie for the Uncle to usurp the Kingdom of Syria The Romans did nor then oppose Antiochus but as he was entring into Aegypt against the Pupils their two Brothers Ptolomeus Phylometer and Everietes the Second Successors to their Father Ptolomeus Epiphanes they sent him a Kings of Aegypt Command by Papilius Laena who was then Pro-Consul of Asia not to molest the young Aegyptian Kings In returning from Aegypt this enraged Prince brought those Calamities upon the Jews which are set down in the Second The Jews persecuted by Antiochus Book of the Maccabees Chap. 4 5 6. And by Josephus in his Twelfth Book and the Sixth Chapter in the Fifteenth Book and the Third Chapter of the Jewish Antiquities Of the World 3836 before Ch. 168. In the mean time the Romans became The Conquest of Illyria by the Romans Masters of Illyria by defeating Gentius King of that Country and also of Macedonia which they took from Perseus who was carried in Triumph to Rome by the Consul Paulus Aemilius Of the World 3838 before Ch. 168. Judas Maccabeus that Illustrious Jew Judas Maccabeus revenged the Injuries done to his Nation upon the Lieutenants of Antiochus who preparing to enter into Judea against Maccabeus The Death of Antiochus Epiphanes met with an unfortunate End described in the Book of the Maccabees and in those of Josephus Of the World 3840 before Ch. 164. His Son Antiochus Eupater succeeded him at Nine Years of Age and was under the Tuition of Lysias his Father's Friend But two Years after the Guardian and his Pupil were killed by Demetrius Son of Seleucus who being escap'd from Rome was acknowledg'd King by the Syrians Of the Kings of Syria World 3842 before Ch. 162. His Lieutenants with an Army of Forty thousand Men overwhelmed Judas Maccabeus The Death of Judas Maccabeus who had the Courage to meet them only with Eight hundred Men. He had for his Successor to Command the Jewish Army his Brother Jonathas Of the World 3843 before Ch. 161. Alexander Balas calling himself the Son of Antiochus Epiphanes made himself Master of Syria having killed in Battle his Cousin Demetrius Soter This new King was a Friend to Jonathas Jonathas High-Priest by which means he obtained the Dignity of High-Priest and deposed the wicked Alcymius who had taken that Title upon him Onias Son to Onias the Great finding himself by this means excluded from this The Affairs of the Jews Soveraign Dignity in Jerusalem retir'd to exercise it in Aegypt among the Jews who lived there Having obtained of Philometer leave to build a Temple near Memphis not unlike that of Jerusalem Of the World 3856 before Ch. 148. A false Philip not long before had been A false Philip. driven out of Macedonia by the Romans they soon after had the same advantage A false Perseus over a false Perseus And the Achaians by favouring the latter exposed their Country to the Victorious Arms of the Romans This War ended by the Ruine of Corinth The Ruine of Corinth Polybius under the Consul Mumius Polybius a Native of that City who had followed his Disciple Scipio Aemilianus into Africk hearing of the Misfortune of his Country went thither to save some Remains of its ancient and precious Monuments Of the World 3858 before Ch. 146. The same Year was also remarkable for The Ruinâ— of Carthage Scipio Aemilianus Africanus the Destruction of Carthage Scipio Aemilianus took it and destroyed it by the Order of the Senate The third and last Punick War ending in that manner who at the same time acquired the Sur-name of Africanus as his Father by Adoption had done This happen'd in the third Year of the 158th Olimpiad Ptolomy Phylometer took away his Daughter Cleopatra from Balas then killed him in a Battle and gave Cleopatra to Demetrius Kings of Syria Nicator Son of Soter who by that means put himself in possession of the Kingdom of Syria Of the World 3859 before Christ 145. Phylometer being dead a little while after Everietes the Second his Brother married his Widow Cleopatra Sister to them Kings of Aegypt both and killed a Son she had by her first Husband So Everietes Reigned sole King of Aegypt Of the World 3861 before Ch. 143. In Syria Tryphon who was a Friend to Balas made Antiochus the Son of Balas to be acknowledged King at Antioch with so much the less trouble by reason Demetrius Nicator was taken Prisoner in a Battle by the Parthians The vanquish'd being honourably treated by the Victors married Rodoguna Daughter to their King Cleopatra hearing this married Antiochus Sydetes Brother to her Husband Demetrius So Sydetes was acknowledged King of the Syrians having overcome and killed in Battle Tryphon who pretended to the Crown of Syria after he had killed his Pupil young Antiochus Of the World 3866 before Ch. 138. Jonathas had been murthered by this The Jewish Aâ—â—airs Tryphon Symon Brother to Jonathas who succeeded him in the Principality and High-Priesthood of the Jews assisted Sydetes to defeat Tryphon and was killed a while after by his Father-in-Law Ptolomy the Son of Abobus his Son John Hircanus succeeded in his place Of the World 3869 before Ch. 135. The Romans seized on the Treasures
Treves where Gratian his eldest Son then was this young Prince was saluted Emperor Augustus Titles his Father had bestowed on him in his Life-time The Army in Pannonia where the Father Gratian and Valentinian II. Emperors died gave the like Title to the second Son the young Valentinian His eldest Brother Gratian at first was displeased at it but at length he approved of it as well as Valens Uncle to these two Princes The Goths had possess'd themselves of those Countries bordering on Tanais The Huns who came out of Scythia as the others drove them out and forc'd them to make their Abode elsewhere So soon as they were entred into Thrace for that purpose Valens went against them to drive them out but he was overcome by them The Death of Valens in a Battle and being pursued was burnt in a Peasant's Cottage where he was retired From Christ 378. By his Death Gratian finding himself oppress'd with the Weight of Affairs discharg'd himself of half of it by associating Theodosius to the Empire He was Son Theodo 〈…〉 â—ssocâ—ated to the Empire to another Theodosius a Person of high Merit who had rendred considerable Services to the Empire under Valentinian and Valens The Son inheriting the good Qualities of his Father in a short time made himself famous by expelling the Goths from Thrace which they had miserably ravaged after their Victory over Valens From Christ 379. Macedonius Bishop of Constantinople denied Macedonius an Enemy to the Holy Ghost The first Council at Constantinople the Divinity of the Holy Ghost Theodosius a very Orthodox Prince caused a Council to be assembled at Constantinople where the Fathers condemned this Heresie and deposed Macedonius in the place of whom was put Nectarius a Person most worthy of that Dignity In that Council they declared That the Bishop of the second Rome should from that time be the next in Rank to the Bishop of the first and so by Consequence to take place of those of Alexandria and Antioch Maximus Governour of Great Britain The Revolt of Maximus had caused himself there to be proclaimed by the Army then past over into Gaul made himself Master of that Province surprized defeated and killed Gratian The Death of Gratian who had many excellent Qualities and no ill ones Conen Meriadec a British Prince had past Conen Meriadec a British King over the Sea with Maximus and setling himself with the Troops of his own Nation in the Maritime part of Gaul which was afterwards called Little Brittany where he erected a Monarchy almost for twelve Ages From Christ 383. The Death of Damasus Bishop of Rome Bishops of Rome which hapned in that Year did not put an end to the Schism of that Church For tho' Syricius was there chose in the place of Damasius Ursicinus still pretended that his Election was good From Christ 384. Maximus being Master of the Isle of Britain of Gaul and of Spain entred Italy with so great an Army that Valentinian not being in a Condition to make Head against him fled with his Mother Justina to Thessalonica where Theodosius then lay Maximus having likewise reduc'd Italy advanc'd towards Aquilia where he stay'd resolving to wait for Theodosius who was marching towards him to fight him Theodosius being arrived with his Army they fought in two Days two bloody Battles In the last of which Maximus was wholly routed and taken Prisoner Theodosius was willing to save his Life but the Soldiers judging him unworthy of that Favour killed him against the Emperor's Pleasure So that Valentinian was re-establish'd in Maximus overcome and killed the Western Empire which he peaceably enjoyed four Years at the end of which Arbogastus a Gaul one of his principal Commanders discontented because he had taken away some of his Commands caused him to be stifled in his Bed by the The Death of Valentinian II. Grooms of his Bed-Chamber whom he had corrupted to do it This Prince was but Twenty six Years old His Mother Justina being an Arrian had infected him with that Heresie but he renounced it after her Death Arbogastus had that great Power in the Army that he prevailed with the Soldiers Eugenus Tyrant with Arbogastus to proclaim Eugenius Emperor a Man of mean Extraction whom Fortune had raised to great Commands This was the Cause of another Civil War Theodosius spent two Years in making Preparations for it And all that time the Tyrants reigned in the West At length Theodosius march'd against them the Armies met and fought near to Aquilia The Tyrants being defeated Arbogastus killed himself Eugenius being Arbogastus and Eugeneus killed taken Prisoner suffered Death by the Executioner Theodosius did not long enjoy the Fruits of that great Victory which made him sole Master of the Empire He had been for some time troubled with a Dropsie his Disease increasing at Millan where he came after the Defeat of the Tyrants he fell extreamly ill and died in that City at Theodosius ' s Death the Age of Fifty having reigned sixteen Years There was but two things to be blamed in him That he made Laws to deprive Hereticks of their Estates and Liberties unless they would renounce their Errors The other was The Murthering of a great Number of Thessalonians to punish their Insolence who resisted his Power by a Sedition Being reprehended by St. Ambrose for that Cruelty he express'd so great a Repentance for it that his Contrition joyned with his other excellent Vertues may serve for a Pattern to all Christian Princes By his last Will and Testament he divided the Empire between his two Sons Arcadius and Honorius and accordingly Arcadius and Honorius Emperors the eldest took possession of the East the other of the West They were both disturb'd at first with the Revolt of Rufinus a Prefect of the Praetorian Bands who brought an Army of Barbarians into Thrace and of Gildon who plaid the Usurper in Africk but these Disorders were presently quelled by the death of the Traytors Theodosius held the first Oecumenical Council at Constantinople In his time lived St. Austin St Jerome and Claudian the Poet. Syricius Bishop of Rome died after he Bâ—shops of Rome had the Happiness to see the end of thaâ— Schism which the Election of Ursicinuâ— had caused in that Church Syricius was the first who declared against the Marriage of the Clergy From Christ 398. The last Year of this Age saw the rise The Revolt of Gainas and fall of the Revolter Gaianus who was by extraction a Barbarian His great Conduct and Experience in the trade of War had raised him to be General of Honorius his Army the services he had done for him made him pretend to have a Church in Constantinople for those of the Arriaâ— Sect of which he was a favourer which the Emperor refusing by the persuasion of St. John Chrisostom Bishop of Constantinople The disdain to be refused provok'd Caianus to Ravage
long time like a Monk he had brought over with him Paula and his Daughter Eustochia the best qualified Ladies in Rome After he had made a great Friendship with Ruffinus a Priest of Aquilia he broke it off Ruffinus with him when he found him to be an Origenist He writ most severely against Vigilantius Vigilantius a Spanish Priest who was an Enemy to the unmarried Clergy he also vigorously oppos'd the Errors of Helvidius who Helvidius denied the Honour due to the Holy Virgin Mother of our Saviour At this time flourrish'd Paulus Orosius Paulus Orosius Author of the Seven Books of the Universal History from the Creation of the World to his time The Emperor Honorius The Death of Honorius died of a Dropsie Aged Thirty Nine Years having Reign'd Twenty Eight Some time before his death he conferred the Title of Emperor Augustus on Constance his Brother-in-law who marry'd Placidia Widow to Astolfus King of the Goths Constance died not long after he was Marry'd leaving Valentinian his Son under the Tuition of his Mother Placidia she and her Son lived at Constantinople when Honorius died so Italy being destitute of the Royal Presence of the Princes John the Tyrant John a Prefect of the Praetorian Bands took upon him the Title of Emperor Placidia having heard of it marches with her Son to Fight the Tyrant who was taken by surprize at Ravenna by the means of some Officers faithful to the Princes He was brought Prisoner to them at Aquilia when they there were and where the Rebel had his Head cut off His Death so the Empire was divided between the Theodosius the 2d and Valentinian the 3d. Emperors Bishops of Rome two Cousins Theodosius the Second and Valentinian the Third The first keeping his Court at Constantinople and the other at Rome From Christ 423. Boniface Bishop of Rome and Successor to Innocent died in the same Year as Honorius the Emperor Count Boniface Governour of Africk incensed on a false Accusation that Placidia Regent of the Western Empire design'd to put him out of his Government called Tâ—â— Vandalls in Africk Genseric their King The Death of St. Augustin the Vandals out of Spain into Africk of which they easily took Possession under the Conduct of Genseric their King St. Augustin Bishop of Hippo in the same Province of Africk died a little before the taking of that City by the Vandalls This Great Father of the Church opposed the Errors of the Manichees though he had been infected with them in his Youth he boldly Combated against the Errors of Pelagius thâ— Heritick The Council of Carthage and of Mileva Pelagius who at that time declared himself an Enemy to our Saviour Christ They were Condemned in two Councils held at Carthage and at Mileva at the same time Pelagius had two Disciples Celestius and Julien Celestius was wholly of the Opinion of his Master Julien was not altogether of that Opinion but acknowledged a necessity of the Grace of Jesus Christ for the Conversion and intire accomplishment of Salvation he affirmed that the Beginnings and Inclinations depended on the will of Man John Cassian a Monk who had been a John Cassian Disciple of St. John Chrisostome being retired to Marseilles infected the Priests and Monks of that City and all thereabouts with this Error of Semipelagianism Prosperus of Aquitaine opposed it most Prosperus of Aquitaine Vigorously in Gaule as his Master St. Augustin had done in Africk At this time flourish'd in Gaule Severus Sulpitius Author of the two Books of the Learned Men. Sacred History And in the East Theodoret Bishop of Cir who Writ the Ecclesiastical History from Constantine to Theodosius the Younger Genseric King of the Vandals took Carthage Carthage taken and made it the Metropolis of the Kingdom he Establish'd in Africk In the same Year Theodosius assembled a The Council of Ephesus against Nestorius Council at Ephesus to enquire into the Opinion of Nestorius Bishop of Constantinople who asserted two Persons in Jesus Christ This Error was condemned there Cyrillus Bishop of Alexandria by the Council in which presided Cyrillus Bishop of Alexandria John Bishop of Alexandria in Thrace pretending that that precedency belonged to him because that Ephesus depended on his Metropolis and had drawn away several Bishops to its Faction among others Theodoret Bishop of Cir with whom he had Assembled another Council in the same City of Ephesus not to countenance the Errors of Nestorius but to demonstrate that they had mistaken the Forms of Proceeding In the mean time Affairs were embroiled to that Degree that the Emperor not being able at first to discover the Truth imprisoned Cyrillus and Nestorius but at last being better informed of the justice of the Cause he set Cyrillus at Liberty and sent Nestorius The Death of Nestorius to utter Banishment where he died Miserably From Christ 432. Caelestin Bishop of Rome died the Year Bishops of Rome after that Council was held He had there his Legats who Subscribed to the Condemnation of Nestorius who had been already Condemned at Rome in a Council which had been there Assembled by the same Caelestin Sixtus the Third his Successor held the See Eight Years during which time all was very quiet in the Church From Christ 440. But the Church was again disturbed in Eutychus the Heritick the East by Eutychus a Priest and Abbot of the Monks of Constantinople who by an Error contrary to that of Nestorius asserted but one Nature in Jesus Christ he found so many Adherents among the A false Câ—uncil at Ephesus Eastern Bishops that a great number of them being Assembled at Ephesus his Error was approved of in that false Council where things were carried with that Violence that Flavian who had been made Flavian Bishop of Constantinople Bishop of Constantinople in the place of Nestorius for having oppos'd the Judgment of the Council that favoured Eutychus suffer'd Martyrdom not by the hands of the Pagans but by those of Barsumas an Abbot and of Dioscorus Bishop of Alandria and President of the Assembly From Christ 449. These great Troubles were redrest at Pulcheria Sister to Theodosius the return of Pulcheria to the Court of her Brother Theodosius There had been formerly some Disgust between her and her Sister-in-law Eudosia Eudosia his Wife which had obliged that Empress to retire to Jerusalem where she had wholly Devoted her self to Piety and Charity towards the Poor From that time the Eunuch Chrisapius Chrisapius was become so great a Favorite to Theodosius that Pulcheria making that Minister jealous of her was removed but the pressing necessity of Affairs obliged Theodosius to recall her she made her Brother highly sensible of the ill Conduct his Favorite used in Governing the Empire and of his most inveterate Malice to foment the Troubles of the Church so the Eunuch having been punish'd
as he deserv'd the Government was Re-establish'd in its right Method The Emperor perswaded by his Wife and pious Sister resolved to Assemble a Council to Redress the Divisions of the Church but he could not execute his Resolution being prevented by Death which seized on him that Year in The Death of Theodosius the Fiftieth of his Age and the Forty Third of his Reign A Prince without Vice Pious and of an extraordinary Good Temper but Weak and very easie to be Governed by those who were near him From Christ 450. He dying without Issue the Senate People and Soldiers chose with a common suffrage Martian for their Emperor Martian Emperor who from a common Soldier rose by his Valour and great Conduct to the highest Commands in the Army Pulcheria having Pulcheria Marrys him procur'd by her Interest to raise him to this high Dignity marry'd him on this Condition as the Historians of that time have Written That they should live Chastly together as Brother and Sister From Christ 451. A little while after by the Authority of the two Emperors Valentinian and Martian a Council was Assembled of Six Hundred The Council of Chalcedon and Thirty Bishops in the City of Chalcedon The Errors of Eutychus were there Condemned and their Author Banish'd as also some Bishops his Adherents among others Dioscorus Bishop of Alexandria The Council confirmed what had been already Decreed by that of Constantinople under Theodosius the Great touching the Equality of Precedence between the Bishops of Rome and Constantinople notwithstanding the Displeasure resented by the Legats of Leo Bishop of Rome Attyla King of the Huns was come with Attyla King of the Huns. a formidable Army which reach'd from the Banks of Tanais even unto the heart of Gaule Ravaging and Destroying all that dared to oppose him The City of Orleans refused to Surrender and while he besieged it Aetius Prefect of the Gaules made a League with Meroveus King of the French Theodorick King of the Goths and Gondicar King of the Buâ—gundians against this common Enemy The Confederates came to meet him before Orleans with their united Forces so soon as they approach'd Attyla raised the Siege and retreated they follow'd and overtook him in the Cataulaunike Plains where they overcome him with a mighty Slaughter of Overcome near Chalons Men. After this great Overthrow he retired into Illyria where he gathered together another Army greater then his first he came back into Italy took and destroyed Enters into Italy Aquilia and after that all the other Towns he past through so that he might have gone even to Rome if he had not been diswaded from going there by Bishop Leo who came to meet him and prevailed with him to March another way He past a second time into Gaule where Is again defeated in Gaule he was once more Defeated by Torismond King of the Goths and Sangiban King of the Allanes so being forc'd to retire he stopt in Panonia with his Huns from whom Panonia called Hungary that Province was called Hungary There as he was Celebrating his Nuptial with a Young Lady a Daughter of the King of the Bactrians who voluntarily had followed him he Gorged himself so Excessively The Death of Attyla with Eating and Drinking that it choak'd him From Christ 352. The People round about Aquilia and other neighbouring Counties of the Continent to preserve themselves from the Fury of Attyla retired to the Islands at the end of the Adriatick Sea which gave there the first Beginning to that wonderful City which from the Name of Heneti or Veneti was called Venice which by process of Venice time is become chief of a powerful Republick The British Islanders being infested by the frequent Incursions of the Scots or Picts applied themselves to Aetius Prefect of the Gauls to help them against their cruel Enemies He could not well supply them with Succors having to deal with Attyla and other Barbarians who ravaged Gaul Whereupon the Britains implored the Aid of the Saxons Who came over under the Command of Hengist with so vast an Army that in a little time they became Masters of that Country which took the Name of England Whether it was from the Angles the The Saxons in Britain chief People of the Saxons or else from Hengist by Contraction with the Word Land which signifies the Earth from The Name of England whence was derived the Name of England Valentinian was an imprudent Prince and was also wicked and debauch'd He The Death of Aetius put to Death Aetius Prefect of the Gauls upon false grounded Suspitions of his Fidelity And to fill up the Measure of his great Injustice he made use of a cunning Stratagem to violate the Wife of the Senator Maximus Grand-son to that Maximus who had taken the Title of Emperor and had been overcome and killed by Theodosius the Great This last vâ—â—lent Act of Valentinian cost him his Life For the Wife of that Senator died with extream Grief for the irreparable Injury she sustained Her Husband to Revenge himself seduc'd the Soldiers The Death of Valentinian III. who without making it known who did set them on killed Valentinian So Maximus having made an Interest Maximus Emperor with the Paetorian Bands they proclaimed him Emperor and the Senate acquiess'd to it more willingly because he married Eudoxia Daughter to Theodosius the Younger and Widow to Valentinian From Ch. 455. Maximus reap'd small Advantage by his Treason he was so indiscreet to discover the Secret to his new Wife thinking by that means to give her a full Assurance of his Loyal Love But the only Effect it wrought upon her was to make her resolve to Revenge the Death of her first Husband by that of the Second To which end she privately sollicited Genseric King of the Vandals to come into Italy Where he arrived with that Expedition that Maximus being not in a Condition to resist him fled from Rome to save himself in the Mountains but he was stoned to Maximus killed Death by the People enraged against him for his base Flight From Christ 456. Three Days after Genseric had entred Genseric takes Rome Rome and wasted it more cruelly than the Goths had done he had not time to ruine it utterly For the Winter approaching obliged him to set Sail for Africk to secure the vast Riches he had plundered and the great Number of Illustrious Prisoners he had taken among whom were the Empress Eudoxia with her two Daughters Eudoxia and Placidia After Genseric was retreated Avitus was acknowledg'd Emperor of Rome The Avitus Emperor Army of the Gauls having before proclaimed him But the Romans soon grew weary of him finding his Court composed not only of Gauls but also of Officers and Soldiers of his Army being the most part Barbarians Finding himself to be very much hated for that Cause he willingly resign'd up the Empire and retired to
returned thither drove out Adalgize and recovered all he had taken From Christ 776. Charlemain made his first Expedition against His first War against the Saxons the Saxons which was attended with his usual good Success In an Assembly held by him at Paderburn he was importun'd to pass into Spain Against the Saracens in Spain against the Saracens by Adala one of their Kings who was at Difference with the other Kings of that Country From Christ 777. Charlemain went thither where he conquered all the Country that lies along the Pyreneans from one Sea to the other containing Navarre Arragon and Catalonia yet he received a Check in his return at the Pass of Roncevaux in the Pyreneans where he lost among others his Nephew Orlando killed the famous Orlando The Saxons having been often beaten Vindikind Duke of the Saxons and as often reduc'd at last submitted themselves embracing Christianity with their brave Duke Vindikind The Emperor Leo the Fourth died in The Death of Leo IV. high Esteem with those who were against Worshipping of Images and on the contrary as much condemned by those who favoured it His Son and Successor Constantine the Sixth called Porphyrogenitus being not above Constantine VI. Irene his Mother Nine Years old was left under the Tutelage of his Mother Irene From Christ 780. She called together a Council at Nice The Second Council at Nice for Images to establish the Worship of Images which was done by a Concert between the Eastern Bishops of Irene's Party and the Legates of Pope Adrian From Christ 787. Charlemain caused a Council to be assembled The Council at Franckfort against Images at Franckfort on the Main where he was present with Three hundred Bishops from all parts of the West who condemned the Worship of Images Nor did Pope Adrian whose Legates were there oppose this Condemnation From Christ 794. This Pope died having sate in the Papal Popes Chair Twenty four Years In all which time he managed himself so dextrously between the two great Powers of Christendom that he was equally esteemed by both tho' their Interests and Sentiments were very different especially in what related to Images Pope Leo III. his Successor demanded and obtained of Charlemain to be confirmed in his Election From Christ 796. Constantine being grown up a Man Irene Irene ' s Cruelty to her Son his Mother finding she could no longer support her Authority in the Government in a Rage put out her Son's Eyes Heaven was so highly incens'd at this horrid Cruelty that for Seventeen Days Constantinople was deprived of the Light of the Sun From Christ 797. Pope Leo having been put in Prison by his Predecessor's Kindred who accused him of many Crimes the Commissaries of Charlemain releas'd him He then came into France to justifie himself before Charlemain The King sent him back to Rome where he also went himself in the last Year of this Century to be fully informed of that Affair The Pope clear'd himself by his Oath which the King made him take This being done the Romans proclaimed Charlemain Emperor King Charlemain Emperor the Pope with the chief of the City payed him Homage on their Knees From Christ 800. The Ninth Age. THE Senate and People of Constantinople wearied with the ill Government of a very perverse unnatural Woman Irene expelled Nicephorus Emperor The Treaty between him and Charlemain expelled Irene and plac'd on the Imperial Throne Nicephorus one of the chief Officers of the Court. Charlemain treated with Nicephorus about the Rights and Laws of the Empire The two Emperors agreed to divide the Titles and Priviledges of their Empires so that Charles and his Successors should have the Western Parts as Nicephorus and his Successors the Eastern From Christ 803. The Seven following Years were peaceable in the West on the contrary in the East the Caliph Aaron waged War so successfully A disadvantageous Peace with the Caliph th 〈…〉 e forc'd Nicephorus to demand a Peace disgraceful to him and the Empire For by the Articles he was obliged to pay a Tribute to the Caliph and particularly for his Head and for the Head Nicephorus killed Michael Curopalatus Emperor and made himself a Monk of his Son Stauratius From Christ 810. Nicephorus was killed in a Battle against the Bulgarians his Son Stauratius being dangerously wounded fled to Constantinople But he was there compelled to resign the Empire to Michael Curopalatus who enjoyed it but two Years for in an extream Fit of Melancholly occasioned by his being overcome by the Bulgarians he turned Monk and Leo the Fifth an Armenian Leo V Emperor made Emperor of the East in his place From Christ 813. The Emperor Charlemain died in the The Death of Charlemain Seventy Second Year of his Age and the Forty Eighth of his Reign in France and the Fourteenth of his Emperialship A Prince endued with all the greatest Qualities could be desir'd in a Monarch except his Incontinence He was greatly learn'd he had for his Tutor the famous The University of Paris founded Grimbaud founded Oxford and Cambridge Kings of England Alcuin an English-man who 't is said was the first Founder of the University of Paris as also that Grimbaud his Disciple went over into England and laid the Foundations of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge From Christ 814. England was become one sole Monarchy under King Egbart Edgar his Successor reigned at that time It was he who sent for Grimbaud upoâ—â—â—e Occasion before-mentioned Of three lawful Sons that Charlemain The Three Sons of Charlemain had Charles the eldest died without Issue Pepin who died before his Father had left his Son Bernard to succeed him in the Kingdom of Italy Louis the Debonair Emperor and King of France Louis Sur-named The Debonair enjoyed all the rest with the Title of Emperor and King of France Pope Leo the Third had for his Successor Popes Stephen the Fourth who did not wait to be confirmed by Louis but came presently into France and Crowned Louis at Rheims This Pope died and had Pascall for his Successor From Christ 817. Bernard King of Italy attempted to dethrone his Uncle Lewis but this young Prince being abondoned by all his adherents came and threw himself at his Unkles feet but this Louis so Debonair and Clement to all others was not at all so to his Nephew for he most cruelly caused his Eyes to be put out of which he soon after died From Christ 818. The Death of Bernard King of Italy Michael Balbus Emperor At Constantinople Michael Balbus a great person in the Court but of obfcure Parentage convicted of Treason for which he was condemned to dye found means to escape out of Prison and to kill the Emperor Leo and to set himself on his Throne Pascall died he had acquitted himself Popes by his Oath of the Accusation made against him to have put to death
He was Son of Robert Duke of Normandy who without any regard to the Right of William Count of Arles his lawful Son had left his Dutchy at his Death to his Bastard Son William From Christ 1066. At Constantinople Eudoxia the Widdow of Constantin Ducas marrying Romanus the Ramanus IV. Emperor of the East Fourth surnamed Diogenes caused him to be chosen Emperor This new Prince was taken Prisoner by the Soldan of Egypt who after having rudely treated him at last restored him his Liberty without Ransom but being returned to Constantïnople his Eyes were put out by Michael Ducas Michael Ducas Emperor of the East the seventh of that Name who ascended the Throne of his Father Constantin After the Death of Pope Alexander the Second the famous Hildebrand was made Pope under the name of Gregory the Popes Sixth He was Native of Sienna and had been a Monk at Cluny He enjoy'd the Estate of the Countess Matilda Princess Ma 〈…〉 a. Countess and Princess of Tuscany A Quarrâ—l bâ—tweâ—n the Pope and the Emperor of Tuscany in possession of a part of Liguria which she inherited of her Father the Marquis Bonifacius From Christ 1072. This was the first occasion of the Quarrel between the Pope and the Emperor Henry the Fourth the second cause was the Right the Emperor claimed to invest Bishops by the Crosier and the Ring the Emperor on his side Assembled the Estates of the Empire who declared Gregory a false Pope on the other part Gregory excommunicated the Emperor and all The Emperor Excommunicated those of his Party From Christ 1023. This Sentence had corrupted all Germany so that in an Assembly of the Princes and other Members of the Empire held at Oppenheim it was resolved That Henry should not be acknowledged Emperor till he was reconciled to the Pope He humbled himself to the Pope so Henry was obliged to go upon this occasion into Italy where he humbled himself before the Pope in a very surprising manner But the Reception and Treatment he received from the Pope seemed so very insolent to the Germans as also to the Italians that they all returned to the Obedience of Henry who by that means easily destroyed the Faction of Rodolphus Rodolphus overcome by Henry to whom the Pope had given the Title of Emperor From Christ 1077. Henry having thus Re-establish'd himself caus'd Gregory to be Deposed in a Council held at Brixen in Bavaria and put Gilbert Archbishop of Ravenna in his place under the Name of Clement the Third From Christ 1078. At Constantinople Michael Ducas the Seventh was put into a Monastry by Nicephorus Botoniates the Third of that Name Nicephorus Botoniates the Third this Nicephorus was treated in the very same manner by Alexius Comnenes From Christ 1080. Henry pass'd into Italy Besieged Rome Henry Besieges Rome but the Pope during the two Years the Siege lasted made a League with Robert Guichard a Norman Prince de la Pouille who The Pope deliverâ—d by Robert Guiccard raised the Siege and reinvested the Pope From Christ 1083. After Guichard was gone back Henry entred Rome and there caused himself to Henry in Rome be Crowned by Clement the Second who was acknowledged Pope by a Synod held in that City From Christ 1084. A Year after Gregory the Seventh died Gregory die 〈…〉 at Salerna highly revered by those of his Party and as much blamed by those of the opposite Party Gregory's Faction gave him no Successor till a Year after his Death then was elected Victor the Third call'd before Dedier Popes an Abbot of Mâ—ntcassin Son to the Duke de Benevent He held the See but a Year his Successor was Otho a Monk of Cluny who took the Name of Urban the Second Nevertheless Clement the Third maintained his Authority all the time in Rome Bruno of Cologne a Chanoine of Reims The Order of the Carthusians instituted the Order of the Carthusians From Christ 1088. The Emperor Henry came into Italy and there supporting Clement Urban not finding himself safe went into France having great assurance of a kind Reception from the greatest of the Nobility of that Kingdom He there held that famous Council The Council of Clermont of Clermont in which were resolved these important Decrees From Christ 1095. First the Decree against the Marriage Marriages forbidden to the Clergy of the Clergy was renewed and confirmed Philip King of France was Excommunicated Philip King of France excommunicated for having taken the Wife of Foulkes Rechin Count of Anjou The Right to bestow Ecclesiastical Livings taken away from all Princes and secular Powers In consequence of which the Emperor Henry was Excommunicated as well as for other Causes which have been before recited Lastly Upon the Remonstrances of Peter the Hermit they were resolved on the first Croisade against the Saracens to recover The first Croisade the Holy-Land Alphonso King of Castille was supplyed with Forces against the Saracens by many French Lords Henry of Lorain one Henry of Lorrain King of Portugal of them marrying a Daughter of Alphonso by that Match had Portugal and with it the Title of King The Army of the Croizaders in which was Prince Conrade serving the Pope against his Father brought Urban to Rome Urban establish'd at Rome where he establish'd him and turn'd out Clement Urban dying within the same Year he was re-establish'd his Successor Paschal Paschall the Second the Second appeared on the day he was Consecrated with the marks of Royalty covered with a Purple Robe with seven Seals hanging to an Embroidered Belt The Croisaders arrived by several ways The Croisaders exploits to Constantinople committing every where horrible Outrages they pass'd the Bosphorus with Forces the Emperor Alexis gave them taking many Places in Asia the lesser and in Syria They arrived in Palestine besieged Jerusalem took it and Jerusalem taken chose for their King the famous Godfrey Godfrey of Bouillon chosen King of Bovillon preferring him before many Princes who were in the Army among others Conrade Son to the Emperor Henry Hughes Brother to Philip King of France and Robert Brother to William Rufus King of England This new King had but Twenty thousand Men left of more then Three hundred thousand who listed themselves in this Expedition of the Croisade yet with these Twenty thousand Men defeated The Soldan of Egypt defeated Five hundred thousand which the Soldan of Egypt had brought against him designing to retake Jerusalem From Christ 1100. The Twelfth Age. THere was a second Croisade more numerous The second Croysade proved unfortunate but less fortunate than the first From Christ 1101. For there was a great number killed in the lesser Asia where they fell into the Ambuscades of the Saracens by the Fraud of the Old Emperor Alexus with whom the chief of the Croisaders were at Difference From Christ 1102. The
Emperor Henry died at Liege in a most lamentable condition to which his Son Henry the Fifth had reduc'd him Henry the Fifth Emperor having before compelled him to resign the Empire From Christ 1106. Philip King of France died also after he had lived long in Luxury with Bertrade Kings of France whom he still retained notwithstanding two Excommunications and was at last reconciled to the Pope who gave him leave to enjoy her as his lawful Wife From Christ 1108. Pope Paschal in a Council held at Troy The Council of Trâ—y in Champagne renewed all his Predecessor had order in that of Clermont against the A Quarrel between the Pope Emperor preÌ„tended Investitures by the Emperors Henry the Fifth had dissembled with the Pope in order to settle himself more firmly in the Empire But when he found himself powerful enough to assert his Right he pass'd into Italy made himself Master of Rome and concluded a Treaty with Paschal very advantagious to the Emperors From Christ 1110. But after Henry was returned to Germany the Pope retracted tho' he had swore to the Treaty and upon it received the Sacrament with the Emperor From Christ 1112. Henry was not then in a condition to shew his Resentment for that high Affront by reason of great Disturbances the Pope Troubles in Germany had fomented in Germany which caused much Blood to be shed in the five Years these Troubles lasted The Emperor at length having surmounted them all went a second time into Italy to disannul the Deed of Gift made The Death of the Countess Matilda by the Countess Matilda which she bequeathed to the See of Rome after her Death From Christ 1117. At Constantinople the Old Emperor Alexus had resigned the Empire to his Son Calo John being very much troubled at Calo John Emperor of the East the ill Success he had for opposing the Croisaders having repented he had invited them at length he died with very great Grief From Christ 1118. Henry passed a third time into Italy to reduce Gelasius the Second who had succeeded Paschal upon the point of the Investitures The new Pope fled into France In the interim the Emperor plac'd in the Popes See of Rome Maurice Bourdin Archbishop of Bracara in Portugal under the Name of Gregory the Eigth Gelasius dying in France the Cardinals who had followed him chose in his place Guy Archbishop of Vienna under the Name of Calixtus the Second He was Brother to the Count of Burgundy and Cousin to the Emperor This Pope held a Council at Rheims in The Council at Rheims which was renewed and confirmed all that had been Decreed in that of Clermont upon the matter of the Investitures and marrying of Priests Calixtus returned into Italy with an Army he Conquer'd and took in Battel the Anti-Pope Bourdin and had also that Popes good fortune to settle Affairs in Germany in such a manner that the Emperor Henry in an Assembly of the Empire held at Wormes renounced the Right of Investitures From Christ 1122. Calixtus being dead there was a great Division in the Election between Celestinus and Honorius the Second but the last carryed it those of his Faction being the greatest Persons in Rome After the Death of the Emperor Henry the Fifth his Sisters Son Frederick Duke of Swabia with Conrade disputed the Empire against Lothaire the second Duke Lothaire the second Emperor of Saxe but the latter prevailed at last From Christ 1125. William Rufus Son to the Conqueror Kings of England had given his Daughter Adelais to Stephen Count of Boulogue who in her Right was King of England Stephen and his Queen Adelais dying without Issue Robert the Second Son of the Conqueror had his Eyes put out by his younger Brother Henry who assumed the Crown of England Under this King and Lewis le Gros King The first War between the French and the English Kings of Arrgon of France the Son and Successor to Philip began the first War between the French and English Alphonso King of Arragon having been killed by the Moores his Brother Ramire was taken out of a Monastery and made King in his place At that time lived one John of Estampes who had been a Soldier under Charlemaine He was called Johannes de Temporibus because John D' Estampes very Aged Amideus Count of Savoy of his extraordinary long Life Amedeus Count of Maurienna received the Title of Count of Savoy from the Emperor Hugh de Paganis first instituted the Military Order of the of the Knights Templars The Order of the Knight Templars in the City of Jerusalem From Christ 1127. Honorius the Second being dead this Year Innocent the Second was put in his place while this new Pope made War P 〈…〉 with Roger Prince of Apulia of Calabria and Sicily The Romans in his absence chose an Antipope called Anacletus so that Innocent was forc'd to fly into France where he was acknowledged lawful Pope The Council of Estampes St. Bernard in the Council of Estampes by the means of St. Bernard who also afterwards persuaded Victor the Fourth to resign the Chair to Innocent who for that purpose was brought back into Italy by the Emperor Lothair so that Schism ceased From Christ 1132. To Lewis the Sixth Sur-named Le Gross succeeded his Eldest Son Lewis the Seventh called Le Jeusne besides whom he had Kings of France Robert Count of Dreux Peter Lord of Courtnay and Philip Arch-Deacon of Paris who resigned the Bishoprick to Peter Lombard the famous Doctor and Author of the Book of Sentences where Divinity is treated of by Questions which Method Learned Mâ—n was introduc'd by John Rosselin and Peter Abeillard two Natives of Bretagne Some time before Robert Abbot of Molesme had instituted the Order of Cisteaux The Order of Cisteux which took its Name from the Principal Abbey of that Order which became more Illustrious by St. Bernard Abbot of Clerveaux From Christ 1130. Baldwin of Flanders Successor to Godfrey in the Kingdom of Jerusalem being Kings of Jerusalem dead the Daughter of Baldwin who had marryed Foulques of Anjou gave the Kingdom to her Husband Lothaire being dead Conrad the Third Conrade the Third Emperor Duke of Swabia was chose Emperor in his place Pope Innocent the Second having been taken in the War he made against Roger was set at liberty by that Prince on condition that Roger should have the Title of Apulia and Sicily which he and his Successors were to hold paying Fealty to the See of Rome From Christ 1143. To Innocent the Second succeeded Caelestin and Lucius both named Seconds Then Eugenius the Third a Disciple and 〈◊〉 Monk of the Order of St. Bernard The Romans not willing to acknowledge him for their Temporal Soveraign no more than his three Predecessors had done He went into France where he held a Council A Council at Chartres
Success Under his Papacy were publish'd the Pontifical Ordinances called the Decretals as in the former Age Gratian had compiled the Decrees under the Authority of Alexander the Third In the Emperor Frederick's time began the two implacable Factions of the Guelfs and Gibellines From Christ 1241. Celestine the Fourth having enjoyed the Popes See of Rome but eighteen Days the Chair was vacant for the space of twenty Months at the end of which was chose Innocent the Fourth who went into France to act more powerfully against the Emperor Frederic The Pope assembled a Council at Lyons The Council of Lyons Cardinals in purple where the Cardinals were cloathed in Purple by Virtue of a Decree of that Council Frederick having been a little while excommunicated had forfeited his Right to the Empire which the Pope offered to Robert Brother to the King of France but the good King refused it offering on his part a Mediation to reconcile the Quarrel The Pope not regarding the King's Offer combined with a Party of the German Princes who chose for their Emperor Henry Lantgrave of Turinge Henry Lantgrave of Turing who soon after dying they elected William Count of Holland Emperor William Count of Holland From Christ 1246. King Lewis beng engaged in the Croysade went into Aegypt against the Sultan there he took Damietta and defeated the Mamulecks in two great Battles but in the third this good King's Army was wholly routed and himself taken Prisoner with the chief of his Nobility He was set at Liberty paying a Ransome of Four hundred thousand Livres He went into Palestine and at last returned back to France six Years after he had left it From Christ 1254. Frederick the Second being dead Conrad Conrad the Fourth Emperor the Fourth was chosen Emperor by a Party of the German Princes But finding himself strong enough to maintain his Right in Germany he retired into his Kingdom of Naples where he was poyson'd by his Brother Manfred a Bastard of Frederick the Second Alexander the Fourth succeeded Innocent Popes the Fourth From Christ 1255. William Count of Holland having been killed in a War against the Frizons one Party of the Princes chose for their Emperor Alphonso King of Castile Another Party Alphonso King of Castile and Richard Duke of Cornwal Emperorâ— Richard Duke of Cornwal Brother to Henry King of England Richard was crowned at Aix la Chapelle Alphonso never came into Germany From Christ 1257. The History of this Age makes mention of a Prince in the Levant whose Dominion was among the Mountains of Armenia The Antient of the Mountains from whence he was called the Antient of the Mountains and had likewise the name of Prince of the Arsacides or Assassins who by promising an imaginary Paradice persuaded all his Subjects to kill whom he pleased Robert of Sorbonne from the name of a The Collâ—dge of Sorbonne Village near Paris where he was Born founded the famous Colledge which still bears his Name in that great City Alexander the Fourth died and had for his Successor Urban the Fourth Son of a Popes Shoemaker in Troyes in Campagne this Pope instituted that superstitious Ceremony of carrying the Host in publick Procession and causing it to be ador'd Baldwin Emperor of Constantinople being The Latins drove out of Constantinople absent from that City Michael Paleologus drove out the Latins who had ruled the Empire for the space of Fifty seven Years Urban the Fourth died he had transferr'd to Charles of Anjou Brother to King Popes Lewis of France the Right of the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily which the Bastard Manfred had usurp'd o're Conradin Son to the Emperor Conrade From Christ 1264. Clement the Fourth a Frenchman like his Predecessor continuing to support Charles of Anjou King of Naples and Sicily Charles put himself in possession of the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily after he had defeated in Battel the young Conradin who being afterwards with his Cousin Frederick Duke of Austriche fallen into Contradin and Frederic beheaded Manfred killed the hands of Charles he caused them publickly to be Beheaded the Bastard Manfred having been before killed in a Battel Charles had won against him From Christ 1268. King Lewis of France made a second A Croyzade Croyzade with Edward Son to Henry King of England Prince Edward taking the way to Palestine and the King the way to Africk where he took Carthage which was then considerable only for its Name after that he besieged Tunis and dyed at The Death of Saint Lewis that Siege of the Plague which infected his Army From Christ 1270. Philip the Third called le Hardi his Philip the Third King of France eldest Son succeeded him Robert the youngest of his Sons Count of Clermont was chief of the Branch of Bourbon St. Sons and Brothers of St. Lewis Lewis had three Brothers Robert Count of Artois who was chief of one Branch and Charles Count of Anjou King of Naples made another Branch Alphonso Count of Poitou left no Issue by his Wife Daughter and Heiress to Raymond Count of Tholouze From Christ 1271. After the Death of Clement the Fourth Popes the See of Rome was vacant for two or three years about the end of which the Arch-Deacon of Liege was elected under the Name of Gregory the Tenth From Christ 1273. The Emperor Richard being dead the Princes of Germany having no regard for Alphonso King of Castille chose for Emperor Rodolphus Count of Hapsburg a little Rodolphus Emperor Signory in the County of Berne Gregory confirmed this Election in a Council held at Lyons where Alphonso resigned by Proxy A Council at Lyons his pretensions to the Empire From Christ 1274. Michael Paleologus being in Person at that Michael Paleologus Emperor of the East Council where having acknowledged the Authority of the Pope he was there declared and confirmed Emperor of the East In the same year died Gregory the Tenth he had three Successors in a very short time Innocent the Fifth Adrian the Fifth Popes and John the One and twentieth who all held the See but a few days After the Death of the last was chosen Nicholas the Third of the House of Ursini From Christ 1276. Otochaire King of Bohemia to whom Otochaire King of Bohemia overcome by Rodolphus Rodolphus had been an Officer refusing to obey the Emperor was forc'd to submit From Christ 1277. Having been overcome in a Battel by Rodolphus who took from him the Marquisate of Austria which Rodolphus gave The Surname of Austria to his Son Albert he and his Successors taking the surname of Austria From Christ 1278. To Nicholaus the Third succeeded Martin the Fifth who being a Frenchman Popes heard with great regret the news of the horrible Massacre which the Sicilians committed on the French at the hour of Vespers Sicilian Vespers Peter King of Arragon seized
Christ 1417. Of the three deposed Popes John and Gregory submitted to the Sentence of the Council Bennet persisted even 'till Death tho' he had but two Cardinals with him whom he commanded when he was dying to elect a Successor which they did naming a Chanoine of Barcellona who took the Name of Clement the Eighth But at length he deposed himself and was in exchange made Arch-Bishop of Majorca From Christ 1422. In France King Charles had before lost a The Battle â— Agincourt Battle near Agincourt in Piccardy Henry the Fifth who won it became very powerful in France the more because there hapned very great Troubles by a madness King Charles fell into upon the Death of his Brother Lewis Duke of Orleans whom his Cousin John Duke of Burgundy had caused to be Assassinated at Paris By the Death of the same John kill'd at Montereau in Brye by the Servants of Charles Dauphin in the presence of that Prince Lastly by the hatred of Queen Izabella of Bavaria against her Son the Dauphin which grew so violent that she joined in a Faction with Philip Duke of Burgundy whose Interests prevailed with the States General to deprive the Dauphin of his Right to the Succession of the Crown and to acknowledge for the Heir of King Charles Henry King of England his Son-in-Law who married Katharine his Daughter The famous Captain John Zisca a Bohemian John Zisca a famous Captain died after he had vindicated the Liberty and the Evangelick Religion of his Country-men against Wensâ—laus and Sigismond Kings of that Country o'er whom he gained many Battels even after he had lost both his Eyes in that War From Christ 1425. It was resolved in the Council of Constance that another should be held seven years after Pope Martin was averse to Popes it but about the end of his Papacy being importuned to call one he summoned it at Piâ—a But the Pope so ordered Affairs in that manner that this Council had no effect A little before his Death he appointed another at Basle and his The Council of Basle Successor Eugenius the Fourth sent his Legats to cause it to be opened From Christ 1431. After several years of great Confusion in France King Charles the Seventh re-establish'd himself by forcing out the English so that there remained in their Possession nothing but the City of Calais This great Revolution was begun and advanc'd by a certain young Wench called the Maid of Orleans who pretended The Maid of Orleans she was inspired from Heaven to employ her self to reinthrone King Charles The Emperor Sigismond being dead his Albert the second Emperor Son-in-Law Albert the Second succeeded him in the Empire and in the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia From Christ 1438. The Pope Eugenius fell out with the Council of Basle and signified to them That it should be removed to Ferrara In effect a Council was called there where The Council of Ferrara he was in Person with John Paleologus Emperor of Constantinople who had brought with him many Grecian Bishops then they went from thence to Florence where the Greeks made an Agreement with the Latins on many Articles of Belief in which till that time they had differed In the mean time the Council of Basle not at all fearing the Fulminations of Eugenius Aâ—â—hism proceeded legally against him deposed him and elected in his place Amideus Duke of Savoy under the Name of Foelix thâ— Fifth Antipope Foelix the Fifth This Prince had resigned his Dukedom to his Son Duke Lewis and was retired to the delitious Hermitage of Repaille on the Lake of Geneva At last Peace being made between the French and the English Lewis the Dauphin to discharge the Kingdom of the Soldiers who ruined it brought a great Army out of the Empire Four thousand A remarkable Action of the Switzers Switzers were so bold to oppose his Paslage they sold their Lives at a dear rate but they were all kill'd but one who being return'd to his Canton lost his Head as a base Deserter From Christ 1444. The young Ladislaus King of Hungary broke very rashly the Peace he had swore to the Turks It was believed that the Misfortune of the Battel of Varne was a The Battel of Varnâ— just punishment for the breaking his Oath He was there overcome and killed by Amurat the Second Sultan of the Turks Nicolaus the Fifth Successor to Eugenius the Fourth saw an end of the Schism by the free Resignation of Faelix who remained Cardinal and Legat of his own Country and the adjacent Places The Council of Basle having no more power broke up so that Nicolaus was acknowledged Pope without any Dispute From Christ 1449. Mahomet the Second of that Name Emperor Mahomet the Second takes Constantinople of the Turks took Constantinople from Constantin the Eleventh Paleologus the last Christian Emperor of that City It was taken by Assault and the Confusion was so very great that Constantin endeavouring to save himself was stifled at a Gate of the City by the multitude of flying People From Christ 1453. Alphonso Borgia a Spaniard under the Popes Name of Calixtus the Third succeeded Pope Nicholas the Fifth From Christ 1455. He acted nothing remarkable Pius the Second his Successor made himself more Eminent for his great Learning and extraordinary Zeal against the Turks His Name was Aeneas Silvius Picolomini a Citizen of Sienna From Christ 1458. Since Henry the Third King of England Affairs of England three Edwards had Reigned successively from Father to Son Edward the Third had Edward Prince of Wales who died before his Father leaving his Son Richard the Second who Reigned after the Death of his Grandfather Richard was Dethroned by Henry the Fourth Son of Henry Duke of Lancaster youngest Son to Edward the Third Lyonel Duke of Clarence being the next to Edward Prince of Wales Lyonel had a Daughter who was marryed to the Duke of York From Henry the Fourth came Henry the Fifth who had been received in France to succeed Charles the Sixth in right of his Wife Catharine The Quarrel between the House of York and Lancaster Daughter to Charles From that Marriage came Henry the Sixth who was Crowned being a Child King of France in the Church of St. Denis Not long after Edward the Fourth Duke of York descended from Lyonel Duke of Clarence second Son to Edward the Third dethroned and put to death Henry the Sixth and set up himself in his place From Christ 1460. Charles the Seventh King of France suffered himself to die of Hunger for fear of being poysoned having Conquered his Affairs of France Kingdom from the English He might have been called Fortunate if he had had another Father another Mother and another Son This Son was Lewis the Eleventh who succeeded his Father whom he had very ill treated From Christ 1461. After the Death of Tamberlain who had conquered the
Persians Hussan Cassan possess'd himself of that Kingdom he succeeded Sophys Kings of Persia the Hermit Sophy from whence came the Sophyes who have Reigned in Persia to this time From Christ 1463. Pius the Second died No private Person ever laboured more than Aeneas Silvius to restrain the Authority of the Popes within the limits of their antient Popes Cannons yet no Pope ever took more pains to extend the Papal Power beyond all bounds He obtained of Lewis the Eleventh to abolish the pragmatick Sanction which were Rules extracted from The pragmatick Sanction what had been resolved in the Council of Constance and Basle to curb the exorbitant Authority of the Popes These Rules had been received in France where they were in form and force as Laws The Emperor Albert the Second died leaving his Empress big with Child She Kings of Hungary and Bohemia was delivered of a Son called Ladislaus who succeeded his Father in the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia Frederic the Third Cousin to Albert and Frederic the Third Emperor of the same House of Austria was Successor to the Empire The young King Ladislaus dying before he was marryed the Hungarians chose for their King Mathias Corvin Son Mathias Corvin King of Hungary of John Huniades a great Captain who had made himself famous in the War against the Turks The Bohemians for their part chose for George Polebrac King of Bohemia their King George Polebrac one of the Grandees of their Country This King being of the Evangelick Faith protected those of that Religion in his Kingdom Paul the Second called Barbaro Avenetian succeeded Pius the Second Then to Popes Paul succeeded a Cordelier named Riara who was stiled Sixtus the Fourth Charles the last Duke of Burgundy had Charles the last Duke of Burgundy defeated by the Switzers continually waged War with Lewis King of France He had conquered Lorraine of Rayner who had Right to the Kingdom of Naples and was Duke of Anjou He endeavoured to subject the Switzars which Design proved fatal to him for they overcame him twice in their Country where he went to attack them at Granzona and at Morat and the third time near to Nancy which he Besieged making War against Rayner King of Naples and Duke of Lorraine Charles having been His Death killed in this last Battel From Christ 1477. Mary Daughter and Heiress married to Maximillian of Austria His Daughter and Heiress Maria marryed Maximilian Son to Frederic the Third Emperor By this Marriage she brought to the House of Austria the Sovereignty of the seventeen Provinces in the Low-Countries with the County of Burgundy the Dutchy having been reunited to the Crown of France by King Lewis the Eleventh There was another Heiress who had The Right of the Kingdom of Cyprus brought the Right of the Kingdom of Cyprus to the House of Savoy She was Charlotta the only Daughter to John the Second of Lusignan King of Cyprus By marrying Lewis Duke of Savoy who having In the House of Savoy no Children she bequeath'd her Kingdom by Testament But James her Bastard-Brother having took possession of Cyprus Catharina Cornaro his Widdow To the Venetians transferr'd to the Venetians the Right she pretended to that Kingdom of which the Venetians put themselves into a present Possession The House of the Medices having for sometime swayed the Government of Florence several Conspirators of other A Conspiracy against the Medices great Families of that City supported by the Pope set upon the two Brothers Julian and Laurence in a Church at the time of Mass where Julian was killed Laurence having saved Himself did stir up the People against the Conspirators some of them were hanged up in the heat Among others Salviati Archbishop of Pisa From Christ 1478. The Pope employ'd his Arms Spiritual and Temporal against the Florentines but they maintained the War with Forces the King of France sent them under the Command of Philip de Comines whose Name is Philip Comines famous for his curious and judicious Memoirs After the Death of Edward the Fourth King of England his Son Edward the Fifth tho' a Child was presently after Affairs of England kill'd with Richard his Brother by Richard their Uncle who usurpd ' the Crown From Christ 1483. Lewis the Eleventh King of France died a Prince who had Reigned with Of France more absolute Power than any of his Predecessors for which reason some write that he invested the Kings with more Regal Authority others that he had exalted them beyond all sense and reason His great Qualities were attended with as many ill ones as Cruelty Injustice and Hypocrisy and about the end of his Reign he fell into very great imbecility by his fear of Death His only Son Charles the Eighth very young succeeded him John Cibo a Genouese under the Name Popes of Innocent the Eighth succeeded Sixtus the Fourth Henry the Seventh made himself King of England having overcome and killed in Battel Richard the Third Henry was of Affairs of England the House of Lancaster by his Mothers side He united the two Houses York and Lancaster who were Enemies by marrying Mary of York Daughter to Edward the Fourth and Sister to Edward the Fifth From Christ 1485. Ferdinand King of Arragon and his Granada taken from the Saracens Wife Izabella Queen of Castille took Granada from Boadilla the last King of the Saracens in Spain From Christ 1492. A little while after Christopher Colombus Christopher Columbus a Genouese found out the new World with great Success and infinite Advantage to Ferdinand and Izabella From Christ 1494. King Charles went into Italy where all Charles the Eighth in Italy the Cities received him as Conqueror so he entered Rome where Alexander the Sixth Successor to Innocent the Eighth either could not or durst not oppose him from thence he march'd to the Kingdom of Naples and made himself Master of it with incredible facility His Design was to carry on the War even to Constantinople to which end he had delivered from the hands of the Pope Zizim Brother to Bajazet the Second to make use of him against Bajazet but the Design miscarried by the Death of Zizim but chiefly by the League the Pope the Venetians and Lodowike Sforza Duke of Millan made against the King to fight him as he came back The Battel was fought The Battel of Fornova near Fornova a Village near to Piacenza where the King wholly routed them tho' they were six times more in number than those of his Army but the French lost the Kingdom of Naples in as short a time as they had Conquered it that there remained to them nothing more than a filthy The Neopolitan Disease Disease which cannot modestly be named Two Years after Charles being dead Lewis Duke of Orleans first Prince of the Blood succeeded him The new King broke off his Marriage with
and set him at liberty This was the true Cause of the first taking up of Arms by those of the Reformed Religion in France From Christ 1562. The Siege of Roan followed which held out for them Anthony of Bourbon who was The Death of Anthony King of Navar. The Battle of Dreux King of Navar by the Right of his Wife Jane d'Albert was there killed Soon after a Battle was fought near Dreux between the two Armies of both Parties The King's Army commanded by the Constable of Momorâ—ncy and that of the Hugonets by Lewis Prince of Conde who was there taken Prisoner as was likewise the Constable tho' at the last the King 's proved victorious Not long before some Conditions had been agreed on advantageous enough to the Hugonets which were granted by a Decree called the Edict of January and were again confirmed this Year by a Peace made after the Death of the Duke of The Duke of Guize killed by Poltrot Guize killed by Poltrot a Hugonet Gentleman while the Duke besieged Orleans From Christ 1563. Pius the Fourth put an end to the Council Popes of Trent This Pope being dead this Year Pius the Fifth a Dominican succeeded him From Christ 1564. Maximilian the Second succeeded in the Empire to his Father Ferdinand the First From Christ 1565. Solyman the Second had taken Rhodes from the Knights-Hospitallers yet he could not drive them out of Malta his Commanders having been forc'd to raise the Siege of that Island This Sultan died at the The Death of Solyman Siege of Sigeth in Hungary From Christ 1566. The Peace being broke in France the The Battle at St. Denis Battle followed at St. Denis near Paris where the Constable of Momorency was wounded and died From Christ 1567. The Prince of Conde who commanded the contrary Party acquired much Honour on that occasion From Christ 1568. A little while after the Peace being again The Battle of Jarna â—here the Prince of Conde was kill'd broke there was a Battle fought near Jarna in Xaintonge The Prince of Conde who was there taken Prisoner was killed in cold Blood by a Captain of the Duke of Anjou's Guards From Christ 1569. The Admiral De Coligni by the Prince's Death became chief of the Hugonet Party besieged Poitiers raised the Siege and lost the Battle near to Monconture against the The Battle of Monconture Duke of Anjou From Christ 1570. Selim took the Isle of Cyprus which obliged the Pope to make a League between the King of Spain and the Venetians against the Turks Then followed the Battle of Lepanto in which the Turkish Fleet was routed by the The Battle of Lepanto Christians commanded by Don John of Austria Natural Son to the Emperor Charles the Fifth From Christ 1571. The principal Persons of the Religion were invited to Paris under pretence of Celebrating the Nuptials of Henry King of The Mâ—ssacre of Paris Navar with Margaret Sister to the King Jane Queen of Navar Mother to the Bridegroom was there poisoned and the Admiral wounded and afterwards killed with a great Number of the Nobility and above Ten thousand Persons in the very City of Paris on St. Bartholomew's Day From Christ 1572. The Duke of Anjou having after that The Siege of Rochel raised The Duke of Anjou King of Poland besieged Rochel was forc'd to retire without taking it to go and receive the Polonian Embassadors who came to bring him the News of his being elected King of that Country From Christ 1573. While he was there his Brother Charles The Death of Charle IX the Ninth died stifled with the Blood that issued from all parts of his Body Amurath the Third succeeded his Father Emperors of the Turks and Germany and Rodolphus the Second succeeded his Father Maximilian the Second From Christ 1576. King Henry the Third being returned Henry III King of France from Poland was compelled by the States assembled at Blois to become chief of the League that the Catholicks had made against the Hugonets From Christ 1577. Philip the Second King of Spain seized Philip II. seizes Portugal The Death of Sebastian King of Portugal on Portugal after the Death of their King Don Sebastian supposed to be killed in Africk where he went to make War in favour of a Moorish King who disputed the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco with another Henry the Third of France instituted The Order of the Holy Ghost the Order of the Holy Ghost From Christ 1582. Pope Gregory the Thirteenth reformed The Kalendar reform'd The Death of the Duke of Alenson the Kalendar The Duke of Alenson Brother to the King of France died deprived of the Government of the Low Countries to which he had been invited by those People but he lost his Interest by his ill Conduct From Christ 1584. Sixtus the Fifth a Cordelier of low Birth but of great Courage Excommunicated A Bâ—ll against the King of Navar Prence of Conde Henry King of Navar with his Cousin Henry Prince of Conde having declared them to be fallen from the Right of Succession to the Crown of France From Christ 1585. Mary Stuart Queen of Scots after a The Death of the Queen of Scots long Imprisonment was Beheaded by the Sentence of Judges appointed by Q. Elizabeth From Christ 1587. The Spanish Fleet called The Invincible The Spanish Armada Armada was three Years preparing with great Labour and Cost It consisted of One hundred and thirty Sail with Twenty thousand Soldiers on Board set out by Philip the Second to invade England was part of it destroyed by Sir Francis Drake's Fireships and the other part lost and dispers'd in a great Storm So that amazing Terrour of Europe vanished From Christ 1588. France being in a very great Consusion the King at length made an Agreement with the King of Navar to oppose the League But having both together The Death of Henry III. besieged Paris the King was stabb'd in his Bed-Chamber at St. Clou by James Clement a Jacobine Fryar From Christ 1589. Henry the Fourth King of Navar the Henry IV. King of France The Combat of Arques and the Battle of Yuri next Prince of the Blood succeeded him with very much difficulty at his first coming to the Crown But he soon gave great Reputation and Vigour to his Affairs by the Combat of Arques and the Battle of Yuri which he won From Christ 1590. To Sixtus the Fifth succeeded Urban the Popes Seventh Gregory the Fourteenth and Innocent the Ninth who all held the See of Rome no longer than a Year After them came Clement the Eighth a Florentine From Christ 1591. The Duke of Paâ—â—a had made the King The Duke of Parma not long before to raise the Siege of Paris he forc'd him again to raise that of Orleans But the Duke was wounded passing the River of Sein at Caudebec and was never well cured of his
Wound being return'd to his Government of the HB Death Low Countries he soon after died From Christ 1592. King Henry the Fourth having made Profession of the Roman Catholick Religion was received into Paris and in like manner Henry IV. a Roman Catholick was acknowledg'd by all the Kingdom From Christ 1593. John Chastel a Scholar of the Jesuites John Chastel wounded K. Henry The Jesuits banish'd The Pope absolves the King of France wounded the King in the Mouth whereupon the Jesuites were banish'd France From Christ 1594. The King received Absolution of the Pope and so was acknowledg'd for King by all the Princes and States of Christendom From Christ 1595. He declared a War against Spain which A War between France Spain proved very unfortunate to France The Spaniards surprized Calais Cambray and Amiens King Henry re-took the last Cambray remained in the Hands of the Spaniards Calais was restored by the Peace which The Edict of Nants was treated and concluded at Vervins by the Ministers of the two Kings and the Pope's Legates From Christ 1598. The King made an Edict called that of Nants because he signed it in that City The Edict of Nants to revive the Union between his Subjects that were divided by their diversity of Religions King Philip the Second died of the lowsie Kings of Spain Disease He had put to Death his Son Don Carlos upon Suspicion that he favoured the poor Protestants of the Low Countries who had thrown off their Allegiance to King Philip because he designed to introduce the Inquisition Nor were they any longer able to endure the barbarous Cruelties of the Duke D' Alva Philip the Third succeeded his Father From Christ 1600. THE Seventeenth Age. HENRY the Fourth King of France The Marriage of Henry with Maria de Medices being Divorc'd from Margaret Sister to the three last Kings marryed Mary de Medices Neice to the great Duke of Tuscany In the first year of this Age she was brought to bed of a Dauphin who was since called Lewis the Thirteenth From Christ 1601. King Henry and the Duke of Savoy were The Affairs of France and Savoy entered into a War for the Marquisate of Saluces A Peace was made upon conditions with an exchange of Bresse and some other Lands given up to the King for the Marquisate The Mareschal Duke of Biron convicted The Death of Byron of Treason was beheaded From Christ 1602. Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy attempted to take Geneva by scaling of it The scaling of Geneva which Design concluded to his Disgrace Elizabeth Queen of England being dead in the Seventy one year of her Age The Death of Queen Elizabeth having Reigned forty five Years most couragiously asserted the Protestant Religion which her Brother Edward the Sixth had reformed She was as highly qualified for War as for Peace She deserved the favour of Fortune by her great Care and wise Conduct in Governing The English received for their King James K. of England James the Sixth King of Scotland the first King of that Name in England From Christ 1603. The Arch-Duke Albert and Clara Eugenia Ostend taken at length took Ostend after more than three years Siege Paul the Fifth of the Borghese Family Popes succeeded Clement the Eighth From Christ 1605. At London was discovered the Powder The Gunpowder Treason at London A Quarrel between the Pope and the Venetians Plot to blow up King James and his Parliament From Christ 1606. The Quarrel between the Pope and the Venetians was chiefly made up by the Mediation of King Henry A Truce for many years between the Arch-Dukes and the United Provinces of A peace with States of Holland the Low Countries From Christ 1609. King Henry the Fourth preparing to make a great War was killed by Ravaillac The Death of Henry IV. Lewis the Thirteenth his Son about the Age of nine or ten years succeeded him under the Regency of his Mother Lewis the Thirteenth King Maria de Medices From Christ 1610. Count Maurice assisted by the French in Count Maurice took Juliers July Besieged the City of Juliers and in September following took it by Surrender Philip the Third King of Spain made Philip King of Spain takes Alrach himself Master of Alrach a strong Castle built by the Moors upon the streight of Gibralter He commanded all the Moors to depart Spain within three days under pain of Death having confiscated all their Estates but what Money and Goods they could carry along with them And that year Nine hundred thousand was expelled and in the following years not a few Certain Ministers in Holland offered to Remonstrant Ministers and contra Remonstrants the States a Remonstrance wherein they declared their opinion concerning Predestination for which reason they were called Remonstrants and their Opposites contra Remonstrants The Muscovite endeavouring to raise The Muscovite beaten by the Poâ—es The Muscovites burn Vilna the Siege of Smolensko is beaten by the Polanders The Muscovites in revenge burn Vilna where 4700 Houses were laid in Ashes The Sophy of Persia having defeated the Turks near Babylon sends an Ambassador to The Sophy of Persia makes a League with the Emperor The Arch-Duke of Austria made King of Bohemia the Emperor Rudolphus and confirms a League between them Mathias Arch-Duke of Austria and King of Hungary was made King of Bohemia A Conference between six Remonstrants at the Hague before the States General yet they could not agree about the Points in Controversy The King of Denmark declares War against Suâ—den Besieges Câ—lmar on the 2d of May and takes it on the 29th putting The King of Denmark declares War against the Swâ—de all to the Sword but those who escap'd into the Castle Smolensko was taken by the Poles two years after the Muscovites not only recovered that place but several other Cities of Lithuania Prince Henry created Prince of Wales Prince Henry created prince of Wales From Christ 1610. Christiem Elector of Saxony died of an Apoplexy and his Brother John George succeeded him The Elector of Saxony's death The King of Sweden's death Charles King of Sweden sinks under the loss of Colmar and died his Son Gustavus succeeded him From Christ 1611. Mathias King of Hungary and Bohemia Mathias married to Anna Arch-Dutchess of Austria marryed with Anna Arch-Dutchess of Austria Margaret Queen of Spain Wife to Philip the Third died in the 27th year of her Age. The Queen of Spains death Frederic the Fifth Count Palatine of the Rhyne married with Elizabeth Daughter to James the First King of England Frederic the Fifth married with the princess Elizabeth John George the Son of John George Duke of Saxony was born Rudolphus the Emperor having Reigned almost 35 years and having lived 59 The Emperor Rodolphus death Mathias King of Hungary Emperor died after whose death Mathias King of
Hungary and Bohemia was chosen From Christ 1612. The Danes in the beginning of this year 1613. invaded Swedeland On the other side the Swedes fell into Norway and did the Danes much damage However the The intermarriages of Lewls XIII with Anna of Austria and of Philip prince of Spain with Elizabeth Sister to Lewis XIII Danes took Elsburg and Gotzberg by surrender but going to make a further Progress the King of Denmark's Army was so oppress'd with the Plague and Famine that the Swedes recovered most of their Losses Great Rejoycings and publick Carouzels were at Paris for the intermarriages of Lewis the Thirteenth with Anna of Austria Daughter of Philip the Third King of Spain And of Philip Prince of Spain with Elizabeth Sister to Lewis the Thirteenth Holland makes a League with Achmet The Death of prince Henry A peace between Sweden and Denmark The States of Holland make a League with Achmet Emperor of the Turks by his Ambassador he sent to the Hague Henry Prince of Wales the eldest Son of James the First King of Great Britain died in the Eighteenth year of his Age. From Christ 1612. A Peace between Sweden and Denmark and Colmar restored to the Swedes Gabriel Bathor Prince of Transilvania The prince of Transilvania beaten by Bethlem Gabor beaten by Bethlem Gabor assisted by the Turks was killed by his own Subjects From Christ 1613. The Prince of Conde with some other Princes joining with him took Arms against The prince of Conde opposes the Queen Regent but is made friends by 〈…〉 m of M 〈…〉 the Queen Regent of France in order to put her from the Administration of the Government pretending that the Mareschal d' Ancre was too great in Authority with her but the Queen pacifyed them with Money William Wolfang Prince of Neuburg Son-in-Law The Princ◠of Newburg turn◠Papist to the Duke of Bavaria abdicated the Reformed Religion and embraced the Romish The States of Holland made an Edict to The Edict of Holland refused by the Contra-Remonstrants reconcile the Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants to which the Remonstrants obey'd but most of the Contra-Remonstrants refused to submit to it Frederic the Fifth having compleated Frederic the Fifth returns to his Electorate Frederic Henry born his Marriage with the Princess Elizabeth Daughter of the King of England returned to his Electorate From Christ 1613. Frederic Henry Son of Frederic the Fifth and of Elizabeth was born From Christ 1614. Muscovie long wasted by the Poles and Fedrowitz chose Great Duke of Muscovy Lewis th◠Thirteenth married o◠Burdeau◠Swedes the Nobility made choice of Fedrowitz for their great Duke Lewis the Thirteenth going to marry Adna Maria Mauritia at Burdeaux invites the Prince of Conde to go along with him because it would be pernicious to the King and Kingdom The States of France according to the Promise which the Queen Regent had made to the Prince of Conde are summoned and met at Paris where it was unanimously resolved that the King under no pretence could be put to death by his Subjects Whether the Power of the King was immediately subject to God Whether he might be excommunicated by the Pope or dispossessed of his Crown by reason of the Dissent of the Clergy And the third Order was left undetermined The Jews by reason of their usurious The Jews expelled Wormes Exactions were expelled the City of Wormes by the Populacy to the Will of the Senate and their Synagogue pull'd down The Prince of Conde defeated at St. Maxents The Prince of Conde beaten by the King's Forces From Christ 1615. A Peace concluded between the Spaniard A Peace between the Spaniard and the Duke of Savoy and the Duke of Savoy Flushing the Brill with the Fort of Rammekens which were made Pledges to Queen Elizabeth restored by King James the First for Thirty three hundred thousand Florins The Prince of Conde having made his Peace with the King and living secure at Paris upon the King's Word is unexpectedly committed to Prison and there detained above three years upon which the Mareschal D'Ancre his Palace was plundered by the Populacy The Turks beaten at Sea by the Spaniards The Turks beaten at Sea and at Land in the Mediterranean by the Cossacks in the Lake Maeotis and at Land in Asia by the Persians where partly by the Sword and by the Pestilence they lost above Forty thousand Men. From Christ 1616. Lewis the Thirteenth by the Advice of the Count de Luynes caused the Mareschal D' Ancre who there bore the greatest The Mareschal D' Ancre pu◠to Death at Courts sway to be put to Death which was done by Vitry Captain of the Guards at the entrance into the Court after which being presently buryed in the next Church his Body was the day after taken up again and drawn by the Rabble thro' the Streets of Paris His Widow under pretence of being a Witch and addicted to the Jewish Ceremonies was condemned to death by the Parliament of Paris Achmet the Emperor of the Turks being dead Mustapha was set up in his place but being found unfit to Govern Achmet died and Osman made Emperor of the Turks was the next year dethroned And Osman the Son of Achmet about eleven years of Age was made Emperor This being the hundredth Year from the Reformation first begun by Luther was kept as a year of Jubilee by the Protestants The Lutheran Jubilee all over Germany and some days were spent in publick Thanksgivings This was first done in Saxony and after that in the Palatine and Brandenburgh Electorates and in other places The Tartars provok'd by the frequent Incursions of the Cossacks invade Podolia burnt four Cities with four hundred Villages and carryed away a vast number of People and Cattel Prince Charles created Prince of Wales prince Charles prince of Wales With the Differences about Religion that turmoil'd Holland a political Controversy intermix'd it self who should have the Supream Administration of the Government Whether the several Orders of each Province in their several Jurisdictions or the States General over all the Provinces The States General thereto asserted this Authority to themselves and proposed the calling of a National Synod at Dort Holland Overysell and Utrecht only assenting and Prince Maurice to obtain prince Maurice takes upon him the Administration of Holland the consent of those three Provinces removed the Magistrates of Nimegen and Utrecht from their Places as also in most other Cities of Holland and placed in their rooms such as he thought most addicted to his Party Moreover he imprisoned John ab Olden Barnevelt Advocate of Holland Rumold Hogerbet Syndic of Leyden Hugo Grotius Syndic of Rotterdam and Giles Ledemberg Secretary of Utrecht And now all Obstacles being removed a National Synod was held at Dort whither resorted English Palatine Switzers with other Divines and there the Opinion of the Remonstrants was condemned but they
Storm all manner of Cruelties upon the Inhabitants the Library which waâ— stored with most choice and excellent B 〈…〉 s was removed part of them to Munick and part to Rome A Peace concluded in France with the Protestants at Montpellier but not lasting Christian Duke of Brunswick invaded The Duke of Brunswick took Westphalia Westphalia and carried away a vast Treasure out of the Cathedral of Paderburne with the image of St. Liberius their Patron all of massy Silver Osman the Son of Ac 〈…〉 et Emperor Osman strangled and Mustapha Emperor of the Turks was strangled and Mustapha advanced in his room whom Osman before had imprisoned From Christ 1622. Maximillian Duke of Bavaria was created Elector of the Empire in the room of the Palatine Frederic and the Dignity granted to his Heirs Frederic with his Heirs being removed from that Title for making War against the Emperor King James entered into a War for King James made Waâ— with the Emperor about the Palatinate the recovery of the Palatinate Frankendale having been a long time besieged surrendred to the Spaniards Spinola who a little before had taken Breda from the Hollanders was forced to rise from before Bergen ap Zome upon Mansfeild's march to its Relief Gregory the Fifteenth died and Urban the Eighth a Florentine elected to succeed Popes Charles the Son of James the First Charles I. takes a Voyage into Spain thro' France King of Great Britain Prince of Wales travel 〈…〉 hro ' France into Spain and arriving safe at Madrid on the 17th of March and staying there till the 9th of September returned to London on the 16th of October From Christ 1622. Peace between his Holiness and the A peace between the Pope and the King of Spain King of Spain upon condition of Restoring the Valtolin to his Holiness Christian Duke of Brunswick defeated by Tilly and several great Persons taken prisoners Mustapha Emperor of the Turks who Mustapha resigned up the Empire of the Turks Amurath made Emperor was the last year in the room of his Nephew Osman freely Abdicated the Empire and Resign'd it to Amurath the Brother of Osman a Youth of 16 years of Age. Others say that having Reign'd a Year after the Death of Osman he was shut up in Prison 1623. Armandus Plessy Richelieu first Bishop of Cardinal de Richelieu his Administration Lusson then made a Cardinal obtained the Supream Administration of France under Lewis the XIII who gave up all things to his Management In which Office some things he did Honourably for his Reputation other things tyrannically and cruelly The Jesuits with other Popish Orders The Jesuits banisht England who upon the Marriage of Charles the First with Henrietta Maria the French King's Sister crowded into England within a short time after are commanded to depart the Kingdom On the other side the Protestant Ministers The Protestant Mininisters and their Religion proscribed by the â—mperor are proscribed out of Austria Bohemia and Moravia by the Emperor's Edict and all the Exercise of the Reformed Religion forbidden within his Territories The Tartars designing an Irruption into Poland with fourty thousand Men were The Tartars over-thrown by the Poles stoutly repulsed and received a very great Overthrow Marc Antonio de Dominis Archbishop of The Archb. of Spalato chang'd his Religion Spalato came into England and pretended to change his Religion was kindly entertain'd by King James the First But he not thinking the Preferment the King gave him sufficient return'd this Year to Rome where he made his Recantation but notwithstanding that he was clapt up in the the Castle of St. Angelo where he died this Year and his Body being burnt for his Apostacy his Ashes were thrown into the River Tibers A terrible Battle was fought between The Turks beaten by the Tartars the Turks and the Tartars where the Turks were overthrown with an extraordinary slaughter Urban the Eighth with the usual Procession The Year of Jubilee opened the Sacred Gate in St. Peter's Church and began the Year of Jubilee 1624. James the First King of Great Britain The Death of King James the First departed this Life the 66. year of his Age to whom succeeded Charles the First his Son Maurice Prince of Orange Governour The Death of Maurice prince of Orange of the United Provinces died in the 58. year of his Age to whom succeeded in the Government his Brother Frederic Henry by the Election of the States A great Plague in London whereof died A gr 〈…〉 plagâ—â— in London thirty thousand four hundred and seventeen Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden came The King of Sweden took Riga with a Fleet to Riga and made himself Master of several Cities of Livonia possess'd by the Polanders Breda which Prince Maurice had won by a Stratagem from the Spaniards is by them again recovered A War between the Emperor and the Breda retaken by the Spaniards King of Denmark with various Success A Confederacy between the King of England Sweden and Denmark with the A War between the Emperour and the K. of Denmark States General of the United Provinces for fifteen years to carry on the War against the King of Spain against whom also the King of England declared War by Sea and Land A Confeder against Spain Charles the 1. Married Charles the First of England married to Henrietta Maria Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France The Bores in Austria took up Arms in order The Bores in Austria take up Arms. to recover the free Exercise of their Religion taken from them And made themselves Master of some Places by force of Arms But the next year were subdued and severely punisht The Persians gave a total defeat to the The Persians defeated by the Turks The Danes beaten by the Imperialists Turks near Babylon so that very few escapt The King of Denmark defeated in a great Battle by the Imperialists wherein all his Foot was cut off and lost the greatest part of his Cavalry The King of Sweden made an Expedition The K. of Sweden ' s Expedition into Prussia into Prussia and landing at Pillaw made himself Master of Braunsberg Traunsburg Marienberg and reduc'd all the neighbouring Country under his Subjection From Christ 1625. The Emperor by an Edict commanded The Emperor banisht all the Protestants out of Germany all the Inhabitants of the Kingdom of Bohemia not excepting any Degree that refused to embrace the Catholick Religion to depart the Kingdom in a certain time A most terrible Earthquake shook all An Earthquake at Apulia Apulia and swallowed up whole Towns Villages Castles Woods together with about twenty thousand People The English called by the Rochellers to assist The English assist the Rochellers them landed in the Isle of Ree under the Command of the Duke of Buckingham who was expell'd from thence with a great Slaughter The
King of France closely besieged Rochelleâ— The King of France besieged Rechel and stopt up the Arbour and made a great Mount of vast Stones in the Sea to hinder Relief from coming to the City Frederic Henry Prince of Orange General for the Hollanders compelled Groll to surrender The prince of Orange takes Groll The Imperialists pursuing the Danish Army possest themselves of the greatest part of Holsatia and Jutland From Christ 1626. Rochelle prest by Famine was compell'd Rochelle surrendred to the French to surrender to the King of France after above 12 thousand Men had been starv'd to death all the Walls and places of Defence being demolisht The King of Sweden granted free Liberty The K. of Sweden admits the protestants Liberty to the German Exiles who fled for Religion or were compell'd from their Calamities of War to live with all Security and the free Exercise of their Religion in his Kingdom The Death of Sir Francis Bacon Sir Francis Bacon Viscount of St. Albans died The King of Denmark possest himself of the Island of Usdom the Fortress of Phinmund and Wolgast but was beaten out again by the Imperialists under the Duke of Fredland The Cham of Tartary being expelled his The Cham of Tartary recovered his Kingdom Kindom by his Brother assisted by the Turks to revenge his loss by the help of the Cossaks defeated his Brother in Battle and recover'd his Kingdom The Admiral of the Dutch Fleet met with The Dutch Admiral took the Spanish West India Fleet. Prince of Orange takes Boisleduc the Spanish West India Fleet and took it to the value of three hundred Tuns of Gold From Christ 1628. The Prince of Orange having taken before Boisleduc at the beginning of May took it by surrender in September following A Peace concluded at Lubeck between A Peace between the Emperor and the Danes the Emperor and the King of Denmark upon equal Conditions The Duke of Buckingham basely murdered by Felton a discontented Officer The Duke of Buckingham kill'd Rochelle surrendered and called Borgo Maria. The King of Sweden relieved Stralsond Rochelle surrendred disengaged himself from his Polish troubles made sure of the Daae and prepared for a War with the Emperor From Christ 1629. Gustuvus Adolphus enter'd Pomerania Gustavus took Stetin made himself Master of Stetin and several other Places and fill'd all Germany with the terrour of his Arms. The Duke of Savoy deny'd the French to The Duke of Savoy denied the French passage thro his territory Magdeburg taken by Tilly. pass thro his Country upon which Cardinal Richelieu made himself Master of Pignerol and of the Marquisate of Salucâ—s A Peace concluded with France Magdeburg stormed by Tilly the Imperial General plunder'd and burnt so that of so great a City very few Houses were left standing entire Gustavus Adolphus having made a League Gustavus his great Success in Germany with the Elector of Saxony in September vanquisht the Imperialists in a great Battle From that time all things succeeded with him to his desire so that he made himself Master of several Cities and Provinces of the German Empire King Charles the First his second Son Charles the Second born born at whose Birth a Remarkable Star appear'd at Noon-day From Christ 1630. The King of England made a Peace with England made a peace with Spain Troubles in France Spain which was proclaim'd The Court of France in great confusion while the Queen Mother went about to shut up the King her Eldest Son in a Monastery and to set up her Youngest Son in his Room for which the King having his Liberty the Queen made her escape to Antwerp and the Duke of Orleans flies into Burgundy and Lorain throwing all the Blame upon Richelieu The Princess Mary born eldest Daughter The Princess Mary born to King Charles the First The famous School at Amsterdam erected in which the first Professors were John Vossius and Jasper Barlaeus Maestrick after a Siege of two months Maestrick taken by the prince of Orange and two weeks surrendred to the Prince of Orange A great Battel at Lutzen was fought between the Swedes and the Imperialists Battel of Lutzen where Gustavus was killed where the Swedes got the Victory but the King Gustavus was there killed To whom Christina his Daughter an Infant succeeded In the mean time during her Minority Christina his Daughter succeeded the Nobles of the Kingdom took upon them the Administration of Affairs Sigismund the Third King of Poland Death of the K. of Poland died to whom succeeded his eldest Son Uladislaus the Fourth The King of France made himself Master of Nancy the Metropolis of Lorrain From Christ 1632. Death of the Governess of the Low Countries Izabella Clara Eugenia Daughter to Philip the Third King of Spain and Governess of the Low Countries departed this Life Frederic the Elector Palatin who reigned Death of the Elector Palatin K. Charles I. crowned in Scotland James D. of York born but a short time King of Bohemia died at Mayence King Charles the First crowned in Scotland The Third Son of King Charles the First born Octebâ—r the Thirteenth and baptized James afterwards created Duke The Dispute began of England's Right to the Soveraignty of the British Seas and defended by the learned Selden against Hugo Grotius The Prince of Orange besieged and took 〈◊〉 of Orange took Rhynebergh Rhynebergh From Christ 1633. Wallestin Duke of Fridland and General of the Imperial Army stabb'd at Egra by the Emperor's command being discovered to have a Design to join with the Wallestein killed at Egra Swedes and to have made himself Master of the Kingdom of Bohemia Ferdinand the Cardinal Brother to the Ferdinand Governour of the Netherlands King of Spain took upon him the Government of the Low Countries The Cardinal Infanta joins with the King of Hungary and fights the Battel of Swedes beaten by Cardinal Infanta of Norlinghen where the Swedes were utterly defeated From Christ 1634. The King of France declared War against the King of Spain because he detained The Frâ—nch declared War agst Spain in Prison the Elector of Treves whom he had taken into his Protection The Fortress of Skinken Skonce which Skinken Skonce taken by the Spaniards retaken by the P. of Orange is as it were the Key of Holland taken by the Spaniards but in a little time after besieged by the Prince of Orange was took about the beginning of the following Spring This year and the next a dreadful Pestilence raged in Holland and in the Neighbouring The plague in Holland places which swept away a world of people The Imperialists with Eighty thousand The Imperialists invade France Men under the Duke of Lorrain and other Imperial Commanders threaten to invade France and to encamp about Masieres and Rambervillers but being opposed by the French in conjunction
Leage and Covenant taken by the The solemn Lâ—ague and Covenant by the Parliament Parliament The City of Glocester besieged by the King and the Siege raised by the Earl of Essex After which hapned the first Newberry Fight where were slain on the The Civil War of England King's side the Earls of Carnarvan and Sunderland with the Lord Faulkland The Queen of England delivered at Oxford of the Lady Catharine who died soon after The Scots came into England to assist the Parliament From Christ 1643. The Emperor's Ambassadors as also the Ambassadors from Spain France Swedeland Holland and others met at Munster in Westphalia to treat of Peace Urban the Eighth departed this life in the 77th year of his Age after he had held Popes the Pontificate 21 years In whose place was elected Baptista Pamphilio in his 70th year who gave himself the Name of Innocent the Tenth The French after a long fatigous Siege The French took Graveling took Graveling Christina Queen of Sweden took the Government of the Kingdom into her The Queen of Sweden Reigned own hands The Queen began her Journey from Oxford to the West took her leave of the King of Abbington The Queen brought to bed of the Princess The Princess Henrietta born Henrietta at Exeter Marston-Moor Fight between the King and Parliament where Cromwell first made himself known After which happened Civil War of England the second Fight at Newberry both unsuccessful to the King Arch-Bishop Laud Beheaded Archbishop Laud beheaded The Queen arrived at Brest in Britany Sir Thomas Fairfax made General by the Parliament and received his Commission Civil War from the House of Commons The Treaty at Uxbridge for a Reconciliation between the King and Parliament broke up without effect From Christ 1644. The Emperor sinding his Forces very much diminishing raise a newd Army and The Imperialistt beaten by the Swedes Ordered publick Supplications to the Virgin Mary whose Image he had redeemed out of the hands of the Swedes But notwithstanding all this meeting Fortstenson the Swedish General near Janowitz in Bohemia he suffered so great an overthrow that Vienna seemed to be in great Danger In the mean time General Wrangel as The Swedish General defeated the Danish General terribly oppressed the Danes and deprived them of several Towns after he had utterly defeated Buckwald the Danish General Besides these Successes the Swedes assisted by the French at Allersheim obtained another great Victory over the Imperialists and drove the Bavarians beyond the Rhyne In this year was fought the fatal Battel Civil War of England of Naseby near Leicester After which Fairfax carried all before him for the Parliament From Christ 1645. In the Low Countries the French took Mardyke Winnoxberg Courtray Dunkirk with other places but not long after lost all again King Charles the First left Oxford in Disguise and went to the Scotish Army who carried him to Newcastle and there upon the payment of two hundred thousand pounds delivered his Majesty up to the Parliament who ordered the King to be brought under Custody to Holmby-House The Great Seal of England broken and defaced Prince of Orange aged 63 years died The Death of the P. of Orange of a Feaver to whom his Son William succeeded as well in his Principality as in his Dignity according to the Conceffion of the States made in the year 1631. From Christ 1646. Leopold Arch Duke of Austria made Governour of Flanders Leopold William Arch-Duke of Austria made Governour of the Low Countries by the King of Spain The Neopolitan Populacy headed by Thomaso Masinello a poor Fisherman made a great Insurrection in that City but were The Death of Mazinello quelled at length and their Leader killed in a Monastery Fairfax marched with his Army thro' the City of London and soon after the Forts and Outworks were slighted The Parliament voted no further Addresses to be made to the King King Charles escap'd from Hampton-Court into the Isle of Wight but was kept Prisoner by Collonel Hammond in Carisbrook-Castle From Christ 1647. A Peace concluded between the Emperor on one side and the Kings of France and Sweden on the other also between the King of Spain and the States of Holland Lewis the Son of Frederic the Palatin was restored to the lower Palatin and made the eighth Elector of the Empire The upper Palatinate continued in the possession of the Duke of Bavaria Christian the Fifth King of Denmark departed K. Charles a prisoner in the Isle of Wight this Life to whom his Son Frederic the Fifth before that Bishop of Breme succeeded Uladislaus King of Poland died to The Death of the K. of Denmark whom his Brother Cazimir succeeded whose Reign was extreamly shaken by the The Death of the K. of Poland Philip IV. married Maria Anna of Spain Seditions of the Cossacks On the other side Philip the Fourth of Spain married with Maria Anna of Austria The Treaty between King Charles the First and the long Parliament broke off and the King brought Prisoner to St. James's sentenced to death by that bold The Death of King Charles the First D. Hamilton the E. of Holland and Lord Capel beheaded Traytor Bradshâ—w and most barbarously Murthered before his own Pallace King Charles the Second began his Reign from that day Duke Hamilton the Earl of Holland and the Lord Capel beheaded in the Palace-Yard before Westminster-Hall The Kingly Office voted unnecessary and troublesom King Charles the Second proclaimed in K. Charles proclaim'd in Scotland Civil War in France Scotland From Christ 1648. A great Discord arising between the King of France and the Parliament of Paris by reason of Cardinal Mazarine's Government Paris besieged by the King but in a little time after these Troubles were compos'd tho but for a short time and Paris sustain'd the loss of a second siege The Venetians burnt the Turks Fleet. The Venetians beat the Turks in a Sea fight In the Port of Foggia seventy two Gallies eighteen Men of War sixty Ships of Burthen and six thousand Men with a Basha slain The Christians losing but ninety Men killed and forty wounded Cromwell made General of the Parliament's Army marched into Scotland From Christ 1649. Towards the end of July William Prince of Orange attempted to make himself Master of Amsterdam by Surprise but fail'd of Success Not long after he died of the The death of the Pr. of Orange Small-pox and his Son William Henry was born eight days after his Decease Descartes the Founder of a new kind of Descartes death Philosophy died at Stockholm in Swedland The Princes of Conde and Conti with The princes of Conti c. made prisoners the Duke of Longueville committed to the Castle of Bois de Vincennes by the Queen Mother and Cardinal Mazarin The Spaniards sold the Dutchy of Pontremoly Pontremoli sold to the Duke of
Florence to the Duke of Florence for a hundred thousand Crowns From Christ 1650. The Earl of Montross defeated took prisoner and brought to Edingburgh and The Earl of Montross beheaded there beheaded The Scots routed by Cromwell at Dunbar Charles the Second Crowned at Skone in Scotland The Pope ordained a Jubilee The Pope's Jubilee Ferd. the III. married the princess Elionora Popes Ferdinand the Third Emperor of Germany married the Princess Elionora of the House of Mantua at Newstadt From Christ 1651. Innocent the Third endeavouring to break the Peace concluded at Osnabrug because there was too much Liberty granted to the Protestants died in the Attempt Maximillian Elector of Bavaria departed The death of the Elector of Bavaria Conde c. set at Liberty Cardinal Mazarin leâ— France this Life in the 88 year of his Age. In France by the Decree of the Parliament of Paris the three Princes of the Blood Conde Conti with the Duke of Longueville were set at liberty and Cardinal Mazarin within fifteen days to depart the Kingdom In the mean time Lewis the XIV entring on the fourteenth year of his Age was declar'd Major An Assembly of the States of Holland at the Hague did consult about confirming their Union and preserving their Form of Government for the future the Prince of Orange being dead Charles the Second marched into England Charles the II. enter'd Engl. with an Army with an Army of Scots and came as far as Worcester and was there defeated by Cromwell But made his Escape and in a short time after got safe into France The King of Poland did overthrow the The King of Poland defeated the Tartars Cossacks and Tartars in a great Battle that continued for three days There were killed twenty thousand and amongst them a Greek Patriarch sent on purpose from Constantinople to animate the Cossacks in that Battle Troubles in France by reason of Cardinal Mazarin's Return into the Kingdom But Mazarin having the young King and Mazarin recalled to France the Queen Mother on his side prevailed From Christ 1652. A fight in the Downes between the Sea Fight between the English Dutch English and the Dutch Another great fight also between the Dutch and the English neare to the Isle of Wight and Portland where the Dutch were beaten In a most solemn Assembly at Ratisbone Terdin the Fourth Crowned King of the Romons Câ—omwell mâ—de Prot 〈…〉 Ferdinand the Fourth Son of Ferdinand the Third was Chosen and Crowned King of the Romans The Speaker and most of the Members of Parliament surrendered up the Power to Cromwell who took upon him the Title of Protector The Dâ—kâ— oâ— Lorrain â—adâ— pri 〈…〉 Th. K. of Frâ—â—ce Crâ—â—ned Charles Duke of Lorraine was kept a prisoner in the Castle of Antwerp Lâ—wis the XIV King of France entering upon the seventeenth year of his Age was most solemnly Crowned at Rheims In Sweden Queen Christina resign'd up Qu. Christina resiged up her Crown her Kingdom to Charles Gustavus her Nephew who enter'd Upsalia and was there Crowned The Queen after this changed her Religion She turned Papist left her Country and spent the remainder of her days at Rome The Great Duke of Muscovy invaded The Duke of Muscovy took Smolensko Poland and took the City of Smolensko But the King of Poland having got a considerable Army of Cossacks took that City from the Russians and drove them out of his Kingdom From Christ 1654. Peace concluded with the Hollanders A peace with Holland and Pen ' s Expedition to the West Indies and a Fleet under the Command of Sir William Penn sent by Cromwell to the West Indies Don Pantaleon Sa Brother to the Portugal Embassador beheaded on Towerhill In Sweden the Chancellor Oxensterne a The death of the Chancel of Sweden Popes Person of great Wisdom and famous for his Administration died aged 71. years At Rome in the place of Innocent the X. Fabius Chigi by the College of Cardinals was chose Pope under the Name of Alexander the VII The Duke of Savoy being incensed by The persecution in Piedmont the Jesuits against those of Piedmont by reason of their dissenting from the Romish Religion spared neither Sex nor Age but slaughtered seven thousand of them The English Fleet took the Island of Jamaica The Engl. took Jemaica from the Spaniards The Learned Dr. Usher Archbishop of The death of Doctor Usher of Gassendus Cracovia taken by Swedes Armach and Primate of Ireland died As also Peter Gassendus a famous Philosopher at Paris From Christ 1655. A great Battle was fought between the the Polanders and the Swedes where the Swedes being Victors took Cracovia and Thorne John IV. King of Portugal died and left The death of the K. of Portugal his Kingdom not well settled to his Eldest Son an Infant A terrible Pestilence raged in Holland Aplaguo in Holland and in the Neighbouring Provinces which swept away thousands of People At Dresden John George the famous Elector The death of the Elector of Saxony of Saxony Prince of the Empire died and left his Eldest Son his Successor John George Sindercomb one of Cromwell's Life-guard being sentenced to die for plotting his Death poyson'd himself in the Tower of of London From Christ 1656. Ragotsky Prince of Transilvania fell into Poland by an Agreement made with the King of Sweden but was beaten back by the Polish Generals The French King made a League with A League between the French Cromwell Mardike delivered up to the English Cromwell upon which Mardike having been taken by the French was surrendred up to the English The Danes declared War against Sweden upon which the King of Sweden left Poland to oppose the Danes The King of Sweden having marched Copenhagen besieged by the Swedes his Army over the Ice possest himself of the Island of Fuenen and besieged Copenhagen The Emperor Ferdinand the III. died in The death of the Emperor the 48th year of his Age after he had reigned about eighteen years From Christ 1657. Dunkirk taken by the English The Great Usurper Cromwell died of a The death of Cromwell Malignant Feaver at Whitehall His Son Richard was proclaimed Protector From Christ 1658. The Dutch in the East Indies beat the Portugals and turned them out of Ceylon The Pyrenean Peace was concluded And The Marriage of Lewis the XIV Civil War in England the King of Spain's Eldest Daughter was married to Lewis the XIV King of France Richard Cromwell's Party deserting him he consented to dissolve his Parliament after which he himself was lay'd aside Lambert advanced with his Forces against Sir George Booth and routed him He turn'd out the Rump Parliament but General Monk signified his Dislike of the Army's Proceedings and advanced out of Scotland into England and declared for a Free Parliament The Secluded Members were restored and Long
Parliament dissolved and another called at Westminster From Christ 1659. A peace between Sweden and Poland and with the Danes A Peace was solemnly concluded between the Swedes and the Polcnians And at the same time a Peace was made between the Danes and the Swedes In France after the Pyrenean Peace was made the Royal Bride Maria Teresa Daughter to the King of Spain was received in in very great State The New Parliament met and voted the K. Charles the II. arrivâ—â— in England Return of King Charles the Second He was accordingly Proclaimed and landed in England and made his publick Entry thro London General Monk created Duke of Albemarle and made Knight of the Garter The Princess of Orange came into England 〈◊〉 deâ—â—h of thâ— Prâ—â— Orange And Duke of Gloucester but died soon after Henry Duke of Gloucester died Cardinal Mazarin removed by Death This year was concluded the famous Peace of Oliva between the Emperor the Swedes the Polanders and the Elector of Brandenburg From Christ 1660. The Dolphin of France was born upon Thâ— Dolphin of France bâ—rn K. Charles II. crown'd Q 〈…〉 of Bohemia came to England All Saints Day and Christned Lewis The Magnificent Cavalcade of King Charles the Second from the Tower of London to his Palace at Whitehall the next day after he was Crowned at Westminster Elizabeth Queen of Bohemia came into England The Marquess of Argile beheaded at Edinburg Argile beheaded James Duke of Ormond made Lord Leiftenant of Ireland The Queen of Bohemia died From Christ Qu. of Bohâ—mia 〈…〉 1661. Dun 〈…〉 sold to the Frenâ—â— King for five â—unkiâ—k â— â— miâ—â—ions of Ficrius The Duke of Crequi the French Embaisador affronted at Rome by the Corsi for which the King of France demanded Satisfaction and had it King Charles the Second and Donna Catharina Charles II. married to the Infanta of Portugal Infanta of Portugal married at Portsmouth The Emperor celebrated his Nuptials with Margaretta of Spain The Emperor married to Margaretta of Spain The Vaudois most cruelly persecuted for their Religion in Savoy relieved by the Hollanders The French made themselves Masters of The French took Gigery Gigery upon the coast of Africk but were beaten again by the Barbarians The Turks destroy'd Hungary and Moravia Newhausel surrendred to the Turks and after a long Siege took Newhausel by surrender From Christ 1663. Count Serini destroy'd the Bridge of Essek but in the midst of his Victory a Peace on a sudden was concluded with the Turks which very much incens'd the Hungarians From Christ 1664. The Edict against the Jansenists by the Parliament of Paris confirmed by the King But the Infallibility of the Pope and his Authority over Councels the Sorbonists would not allow Philip the Fourth King of Spain died The death of the King of Spain and his Son an Infant of four years old succeeded him by the Name of Charles the Second upon which the King of France lay'd claim to the Spanish Netherlands which occasioned a bloody War The King of England upon refusal of Satisfaction demanded for several Injuries declared War against the Dutch A Sea fight between the English and the The K. of England declared a War against the Dutch Dutch where the Dutch lost several Men of War and Admiral Opdam with his Ship was blown up where six thousand of the Dutch were kill'd and two thousand brought prisoners to Colchester A great Plague in London of which A plague in London there died seventy thousand five hundred upon which the Court and the Parliament removed to Oxford and the Terms were kept there The Arabs with a great Insurrection took Mecca at which time a false Prophet coming from Smirna deluded the Jews with a vain Expectation of their Messias but being put in prison he turned Mahumetan From Christ 1665. Alphonso King of Portugal married Mary The King of Portugals Marriage with the Dutchess of Aumale Francis Dutchess of Aumale of the House Savoy This year on the second of September began the great Fire of London which burnt in the space of four days the greatest part of that City A terrible Engagement between the The Fire of London Dutch and the English under the Command of Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle which prov'd doubtful for 3 days but at last the Dutch were chased by the English However not long after the same Admirals obtain'd undoubted Victory against all the Dutch Fleet which they pursued into their Harbours The Parliament made an Act for the Rebuilding of London which was past by the King From Christ 1666. The King of France invaded Flanders Flanders invaded by the French because the Spaniard deny'd him his Claim of Succession by right of Devolution as they called it and the Spaniard not being prepared for War lost many Cities A War declared against the King of Denmark A Peace concluded at Breda between the English and Dutch whereby the differences betwixt the French and English were likewise terminated Pope Alexander the Seventh died and Popes Julio Rospigliosi having taken the Name of Clement the Ninth succeeded A Peace concluded between Spain and Portugal by the Mediation of the Earl of Sandwich the King of England's Extraordinary Embassador From Christ 1667. The French made themselves Masters of The French took Burgundy The Dauphin of France Baptized all Burgundy The Dauphin of France was solemnly Baptized by the Name of Lewis of All Saints The Pope begged of the French King that the Obeliske set up in Disgrace against the Corsi who affronted the French Embassador in the year 1664. might be taken down A Peace was concluded by which Burgundy was to be restored to the Spaniards but the French were left in possession of what they had in the Spanish Netherlands Mareshal Turene who had formerly been Mareschall Turene turned Papist a Patron to the Hugonots in France turned Papist in his old Age. Peter Brother to King Alphonso with the Pope's Dispensation married his Brother's Wife his Brother still living And Governing the Kingdom took upon him the Title of Regent A triple Leaguâ— between the English Swedes and Dutch Cazimir King of Poland resigned up his Crown Canea taken by the Turks A triple League between the English Swedes and Dutch to inforce the observance of the Pyrenean and Aix la Chapelle Treaties John Casimir King of Poland resign'd his Crown and went into France where he lived a Retired Life From Christ 1671. Canea in the Island of Cadia which the the Venetians with a great loss of Men and Money for three years bravely defended surrendered at last upon Articles to the Turks The Venetians still retaining in the same Island Sucla Spyndlonga Carabuza with the lesser Islands of Tyna and Cerygo not far from thence At Rome died Pope Clement the Ninth Popeâ— death In Sicily Mount Etna shook with an Earthquake and cast forth flames
before Ch. 300. At this time lived Theocritus the Poet The Poet Theocritus Author of the Idyles which treat of Pastoral Matters Ptolomy Philadelphus having succeeded his Ptolomy Phyladelphus The Pharos Father built the Pharos at the entrance into the Port of Alexandria He collected a great Number of Volumes The famous Library Demetrius Phylareus in a most stately Library by the Care of Demetrius Phylareus the famous Philosopher Of the World 3727 before Ch. 277. The Gauls under the Conduct of Belgius The Gauls in Greece and of young Brennus passed into Greece plunder'd the Temple of Delphos there lost a great part of their Army by the Plague which was believed to be a Punishment for their Sacriledge With the remainder of their Forces they past into Asia and gave to that Country where they establish'd themselves the Name of Galatia Gallatia or Gallo-Graecia Pyrrhus driven out of Aegypt or Gallo-Graecia Pyrrhus had at first great Success in the War he waged against the Romans in favour of the Tarentines but at last he was so often beaten that he was forced to repass the Sea He was killed a-while after His Death by a Blow of a Tyle which a Woman threw at him from a Window having heard he had killed her Son in a Combate against the young Antigonus in the City of Argos those two Princes having been admitted into that City by their Factions Of the World 3733 before Ch. 271. By the great Care and Wisdom of Phylopaemen Phylopaemen and Aratus The Acaike League and Aratus the Acaicke League was made to which all the Greeks subscrib'd for the preservation of their Liberties Of the World 3740 before Ch. 264. The Kingdoms of Pergamus and Bythinia The Kingdom of Pergamus and Bythinia began the first under Eumenes Nephew to the Eunuch Phyleterus who had been Treasurer to Lysimachus the second under Nicomedes who rebuilt the City of Astacia and called it Nicomedia Of the World 3744 before Ch. 260. Then began the Kingdom of the Parthians The Kingdom of the Parthians Arsaces who shook off the Macedonian Yoke under the Conduct of Arsaces their first King Chief of the Dinasty which from his Name was called the Arsacides At this time lived Berosus the Chaldean Berosus who writ three Books of the History of the Kings of Assyria and Babylon Plautus Plautus the Comick Poet lived then at Rome Of the World 3758 before Ch. 246. Antiochus Theos the third King of Syria Kings of Syria Aegypt and Macedonia had for his Successor Seleucus Callinicus and Ptolomy Philadelphius his Son Everietes in Aegypt The young Antigonus his Son Demetrius in Macedonia These three Kings Fathers dying in the space of two Years Of the World 3760 before Ch. 244. The first Punick War Hieron King of Syracuse This Year being the 477th of Rome began the first Punick War in Sicily where the Romans got great Advantages over King Hieron allied to the Carthaginians Seleucus Callinicus and Antiochus Hierax his Brother having a long time disputed for the Kingdom of Syria they both died Kings of the Kingdom of Syria and Seleucus Cerannus succeeded his Father Callinicus Of the World 3778. before Ch. 226. In Aegypt Ptolomy Phylopater having Of Aegypt poison'd his Father Everietes succeeded him Of the World 3781. before Christ 223. The War was carried over into Africk in the Sequel of which happened that which the Roman History fully relates of Attilius Regulus At last a Peace was made Attillius Regulus The end of the first Punick War to the advantage of the Romans to whom the Carthaginians were compelled to give up Sâ—rdinia Of the World 3784. before Ch. 220. The Romans past the Po took Millan and made themselves Masters of a great The Gauls in Gaule-Cisalpine and in Illyria The second Punick War The Ruine of Saguntum Hannibal in Italy He defeats the Romans at the River Trebea part of Gaule-Cisalpine They acted the same thing in Illyria against Queen Teuta a Gauloise descended from young Brennus Annibal the Son of Amilcar commanding for the Carthaginians in Spain had been sworn by his Father to be an inveteratâ— Enemy to the Romans To effect which he began to make War in Spain by the overthrow of Saguntum After which he past into Italy having made a Passage over the Alps defeated the Romans near the River Trebea which passes by Placentia And a second time in Tuscany near the The Lake Trasimene Lake Trasimene But these first Successes were a little interrupted by the wise Conduct of Q. Fabius Maximus 'till such Consuls succeeded who not following the same Method lost the Battle of Cannae the Circumstances of At Cannae which are fully related in the Roman History After this great Victory if Hannibal had but known how to have made a right use of it he had taken Rome the Romans being deceived by a false Report that he was driven away by a Storm which Heaven caused to fall on his Fleet. Some write that he went into Campania being allured by the Delights of that Country However Fabius Maximus by his great Conduct put a stop to the raging Fury of this Conquerour But that which fully re-establish'd the Roman Affairs was the passing of Cornelius Cornelius Scipio in Spain Scipio into Spain where he was sent to succeed his Father and his Uncle killed by Asdrubal Brother to Hannibal At length Scipio going from Spain into Africk got there such advantage over the In Africk Carthaginians that they were forc'd to recall Hannibal to oppose this great Warrior After many Skirmishes the Affair terminated Hannibal repasses and is overcome in one Battle where Hannibal was overcome and could very hardly escape Of the World 3803 before Ch. 201. Scipio being Master of the Field by this Victory reduc'd the Carthaginians to demand A Peace made Peace which was made very advantageous for the Romans and their Ally Massinissa one of the Numidian Kings and very disadvantageous to the Carthaginians and for their Ally Syphax another King of Numidia By this great Success Scipio gained the Honour of Triumph The Surname of African with the Sur-name of African Of the World 3805 before Ch. 199. In this time lived Ennius and Terence Roman Ennius and Terence Poets the first Heroick and the second Comick The Romans from this time grown very powerful and interessing themselves in the Affairs of Kings forbid Philip of Macedon to molest Ptolomy Epiphanes who was left by his Father Phylopater King of Aegypt under the Protection of the Senate and People of Rome This Philip King of Macedon had favoured Hannibal The Romans made War against The Macedonian War him for that Reason and after having beaten him in several Rencounters with the Lacedemonians his Allies they had the pleasure to see march before the Triumph of the victorious Consul the eldest Son of that King with the