procure_v the_o duke_n of_o parma_n the_o favour_n and_o esteem_v of_o all_o the_o spanish_a army_n but_o as_o the_o chief_a skill_n of_o a_o general_n consist_v not_o only_o in_o know_v when_o and_o how_o to_o overcome_v a_o enemy_n but_o also_o in_o understanding_n how_o to_o preserve_v his_o army_n and_o save_v it_o from_o a_o dangerous_a post_n or_o draw_v it_o out_o of_o the_o unexpected_a ambush_n of_o a_o powerful_a enemy_n this_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o mechlin_n for_o john_n of_o austria_n the_o spanish_a general_n have_v suffer_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n they_o retreat_v to_o their_o great_a gun_n and_o have_v encompass_v the_o spaniard_n round_o so_o that_o they_o have_v be_v all_o cut_n in_o piece_n have_v not_o parma_n secure_v their_o retreat_n which_o he_o do_v by_o place_v behind_o the_o hedge_n some_o company_n of_o musketeer_n to_o stop_v the_o pursue_a enemy_n and_o cause_v some_o troop_n of_o horse_n furious_o to_o charge_n whilst_o he_o give_v a_o private_a sign_n for_o a_o retreat_n and_o draw_v away_o the_o body_n of_o foot_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v lose_v into_o the_o narrow_a way_n line_v with_o his_o musketeer_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n order_n be_v give_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o keep_v their_o rank_n and_o to_o stand_v ready_a to_o shelter_v their_o fellow_n at_o their_o return_n for_o fear_v the_o enemy_n follow_v close_o at_o the_o rear_n shall_v disorder_v and_o rout_n the_o whole_a army_n as_o it_o have_v often_o happen_v in_o such_o like_a case_n when_o john_n of_o austria_n be_v dead_a alexander_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o in_o the_o chief_a command_n of_o the_o army_n maestricht_n be_v first_o besiege_v by_o he_o where_o he_o so_o cunning_o enclose_v in_o the_o town_n with_o fort_n and_o work_n by_o land_n and_o two_o bridge_n over_o the_o river_n mosa_n that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o of_o his_o army_n either_o to_o relieve_v the_o town_n or_o force_v he_o in_o his_o trench_n at_o last_o after_o a_o notable_a siege_n the_o city_n be_v take_v and_o miserable_o plunder_v by_o the_o duke_n army_n by_o his_o policy_n and_o valour_n he_o recover_v the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o netherlands_o defeat_v the_o troop_n of_o casimirus_n the_o saxon_a prince_n who_o with_o his_o german_a force_n assisted_z the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o state_n he_o compel_v several_a great_a town_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o tourney_n aldenard_n dunkirk_n etc._n etc._n he_o drive_v the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n out_o of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o often_o beat_v the_o french_a auxiliary_n after_o their_o unhappy_a endeavour_n to_o surprise_v antwerp_n and_o the_o chief_a town_n which_o they_o assault_v at_o noon_n day_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n who_o attempt_v to_o take_v and_o plunder_v antwerp_n by_o treachery_n but_o parma_n excellent_a skill_n in_o war_n never_o appear_v more_o than_o in_o the_o famous_a siege_n of_o antwerp_n with_o ten_o or_o eleven_o thousand_o man_n he_o beleaguer_v that_o great_a city_n full_a of_o people_n defeat_v all_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n send_v to_o relieve_v the_o town_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n compel_v five_o other_o strong_a city_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o gant_n brussels_n mechlin_n nimeguen_n and_o teneramund_n in_o this_o siege_n he_o build_v a_o famous_a and_o most_o ingenious_a bridge_n over_o the_o river_n of_o scala_n this_o bridge_n be_v in_o part_n blow_v up_o and_o break_v by_o ship_n let_v down_o the_o stream_n from_o antwerp_n by_o a_o notable_a ingenier_n but_o such_o be_v the_o diligence_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n that_o he_o cause_v some_o beam_n plank_n and_o vessel_n to_o be_v lay_v in_o that_o breach_n and_o drum_n and_o trumpet_n there_o to_o sound_v to_o blind_a and_o deceive_v the_o holland_n vessel_n that_o be_v come_v up_o the_o river_n the_o next_o morning_n to_o relieve_v antwerp_n with_o provision_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o this_o discouragement_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o soldier_n kill_v in_o the_o blow_n up_o of_o the_o bridge_n he_o continue_v the_o siege_n until_o the_o citizen_n be_v force_v by_o famine_n to_o yield_v up_o their_o city_n he_o reduce_v the_o state_n of_o holland_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o implore_v queen_n elizabeth_n aid_n she_o send_v send_v the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n with_o a_o brave_a army_n but_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n proceed_v on_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o the_o take_n of_o several_a town_n both_o from_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a but_o no_o action_n of_o this_o prince_n deserve_v more_o the_o admiration_n of_o man_n than_o his_o expedition_n into_o france_n the_o first_o be_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o paris_n besiege_v by_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o duke_n be_v order_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o march_v thither_o with_o his_o army_n henry_n be_v force_v to_o call_v together_o all_o his_o troop_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o siege_n to_o meet_v the_o duke_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o fight_v he_o but_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o paris_n be_v supply_v with_o provision_n he_o entrench_v himself_o in_o such_o a_o advantageous_a post_n that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o dare_v to_o beat_v he_o from_o thence_o he_o afterward_o retreat_v back_o into_o the_o low_a country_n and_o in_o view_n of_o the_o french_a army_n far_o more_o numerous_a than_o he_o storm_v and_o take_v the_o town_n of_o lagny_n and_o though_o the_o french_a follow_v he_o close_o at_o the_o heel_n yet_o he_o order_v his_o retreat_n so_o subtile_o that_o they_o can_v never_o fight_v he_o the_o next_o expedition_n be_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o rohan_n besiege_v by_o same_o king_n henry_n the_o iv_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n with_o a_o army_n of_o about_o 15000_o old_a soldier_n spaniard_n and_o walloon_n and_o 8000_o french_a under_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n go_v to_o rohan_n and_o oblige_v king_n henry_n to_o depart_v with_o his_o army_n parma_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o citizen_n assaulted_z caudebeck_n and_o take_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n king_n henry_n have_v gather_v together_o his_o disperse_a force_n and_o find_v himself_o as_o strong_a as_o his_o enemy_n resolve_v to_o pursue_v and_o fight_v they_o they_o be_v then_o about_o tuepot_n in_o the_o chalky_a country_n of_o normandy_n have_v the_o great_a river_n of_o seine_n between_o they_o both_o the_o duke_n army_n be_v much_o distress_v for_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o have_v receive_v some_o loss_n by_o the_o french_a army_n in_o skirmish_n and_o king_n henry_n have_v take_v great_a care_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o provision_n from_o they_o but_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n in_o one_o night_n deliver_v his_o army_n from_o the_o danger_n both_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o of_o famine_n he_o cause_v great_a boat_n cover_v over_o with_o beam_n and_o plank_n to_o fall_v down_o the_o river_n from_o rohan_n to_o his_o camp_n where_o he_o cause_v two_o fort_n to_o be_v raise_v with_o some_o redoubt_n to_o favour_n and_o defend_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n which_o in_o this_o place_n be_v half_a a_o league_n over_o upon_o these_o boat_n he_o convey_v over_o all_o his_o cannon_n and_o carriages_n his_o bag_n and_o baggage_n with_o horse_n and_o foot_n so_o that_o the_o next_o day_n when_o the_o french_a army_n be_v prepare_v to_o assault_v the_o spaniard_n in_o their_o tent_n they_o see_v only_a prince_n ranuse_n farnese_n with_o 1500_o man_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o canon_n go_v over_o to_o the_o duke_n army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o follow_v he_o for_o want_n of_o boat_n or_o a_o bridge_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o duke_n return_v back_o with_o leisure_n into_o the_o low_a country_n relieve_v two_o great_a city_n against_o a_o powerful_a king_n and_o without_o venture_v his_o army_n to_o the_o great_a wonder_n of_o all_o europe_n perform_v what_o he_o have_v undertake_v chap._n xliii_o how_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr defeat_v five_o company_n of_o foot_n and_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n with_o seventy_o lance_n and_o twenty_o five_o carabin_n this_o excellent_a commander_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n order_n march_v out_o of_o louvain_n where_o he_o be_v governor_n towards_o maestricht_n to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n and_o by_o chance_n meet_v with_o five_o company_n of_o foot_n and_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n at_o the_o first_o sight_n his_o man_n begin_v to_o fear_v the_o in-equality_n of_o the_o number_n but_o the_o marquis_n find_v himself_o too_o far_o advance_v and_o so_o near_o that_o he_o can_v not_o well_o
be_v his_o common_a custom_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v pitch_v his_o tent_n to_o cause_v a_o white_a banner_n to_o be_v display_v on_o the_o top_n of_o his_o pavilion_n and_o there_o to_o remain_v two_o or_o three_o day_n if_o the_o town_n or_o city_n do_v yield_v whilst_o that_o be_v up_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v to_o expect_v good_a quarter_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o life_n and_o estate_n without_o the_o least_o injury_n but_o if_o they_o resist_v obstinate_o his_o offer_n of_o grace_n and_o will_v try_v his_o strength_n he_o do_v then_o put_v up_o a_o red_a banner_n which_o do_v threaten_v they_o with_o death_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o life_n after_o that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o open_a to_o he_o their_o gate_n he_o command_v his_o black_a banner_n to_o be_v hang_v out_o after_o which_o he_o will_v never_o admit_v of_o any_o parley_n nor_o condition_n of_o a_o surrender_n but_o be_v wont_a to_o command_v that_o town_n with_o all_o its_o inhabitant_n to_o be_v destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n this_o custom_n of_o his_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o his_o enemy_n that_o after_o one_o or_o two_o town_n have_v experience_v this_o severity_n none_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o withstand_v he_o but_o ready_o yield_v at_o his_o first_o summons_n chap._n lx._n how_o the_o governor_n of_o croizon_n oblige_v his_o soldier_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o their_o fort_n when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o yield_v this_o fort_n be_v hardly_o besiege_v by_o general_n norrice_n and_o several_a breach_n be_v make_v in_o the_o wall_n the_o soldier_n within_o begin_v to_o talk_v of_o a_o surrender_n the_o governor_n a_o very_a stout_a and_o ingenious_a man_n to_o prevent_v the_o dishonour_n of_o a_o base_a and_o cowardly_a yield_n cause_v a_o post_n to_o be_v set_v in_o every_o breach_n make_v by_o the_o enemy_n canon_n and_o to_o it_o chain_v all_o such_o person_n as_o be_v willing_a to_o yield_v or_o have_v behave_v themselves_o cowardly_a but_o with_o their_o weapon_n in_o their_o hand_n that_o they_o may_v if_o they_o please_v defend_v themselves_o and_o their_o castle_n by_o this_o policy_n he_o force_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o stand_v stout_o to_o their_o arm_n and_o save_v both_o himself_o and_o fort_n from_o the_o enemy_n power_n chap._n lxi_o how_o the_o lord_n willoughby_n prevent_v the_o siege_n of_o bergen-op-zone_n whereof_o he_o be_v governor_n when_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n begin_v to_o besiege_v it_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o spanish_a fleet_n in_o 1588._o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n who_o be_v ready_a with_o a_o numerous_a army_n for_o the_o invasion_n of_o england_n but_o be_v hinder_v from_o that_o design_n by_o the_o unexpected_a ruin_n of_o the_o invincible_a armado_n he_o employ_v all_o his_o force_n against_o the_o town_n of_o the_o netherlands_o this_o of_o bergen_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o that_o he_o endeavour_v to_o win_v as_o he_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o method_n to_o be_v use_v because_o the_o town_n be_v fortify_v both_o by_o art_n and_o nature_n and_o be_v guard_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n which_o be_v first_o to_o be_v master_v before_o the_o city_n can_v be_v take_v secret_a letter_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o to_o give_v he_o to_o understand_v that_o a_o certain_a spaniard_n keep_v a_o prisoner_n in_o the_o city_n have_v contract_v friendship_n with_o two_o english_a man_n a_o captain_n and_o a_o ensign_n and_o persuade_v they_o for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o betray_v the_o castle_n and_o city_n to_o the_o spaniard_n they_o according_a to_o their_o duty_n discover_v the_o whole_a plot_n to_o the_o lord_n willougby_n who_o design_v to_o make_v advantage_n of_o this_o business_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o spanish_a army_n order_v they_o to_o proceed_v on_o and_o promise_v the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o treason_n which_o be_v to_o be_v effect_v in_o this_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o persuade_v for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n some_o of_o the_o chief_a captain_n to_o open_v the_o gate_n at_o night_n for_o they_o and_o a_o party_n of_o spanish_a soldier_n who_o shall_v secure_v the_o strong_a and_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o town_n the_o spaniard_n be_v come_v according_a to_o appointment_n one_o of_o the_o officer_n go_v out_o to_o they_o and_o offer_v himself_o to_o be_v bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n for_o their_o great_a assurance_n at_o his_o approach_n before_o the_o gate_n they_o be_v instant_o open_v and_o when_o so_o many_o be_v enter_v that_o the_o guard_n can_v easy_o master_n the_o lord_n willougby_n let_v down_o the_o port-culliss_n and_o give_v such_o as_o be_v hasten_v in_o such_o a_o volley_n of_o small_a and_o great_a shot_n that_o several_a hundred_o be_v kill_v of_o the_o spaniard_n the_o treacherous_a officer_n escape_v in_o the_o hurly_n burly_n and_o save_v himself_o from_o such_o as_o guard_v he_o for_o they_o be_v more_o solicitous_a how_o to_o save_v their_o own_o life_n than_o to_o destroy_v he_o at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o spanish_a army_n which_o be_v come_v to_o take_v the_o town_n the_o sea_n be_v high_a and_o the_o air_n very_o dark_a there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o that_o for_o want_v of_o know_v the_o right_a way_n fall_v into_o the_o water_n and_o be_v find_v drown_v the_o next_o morning_n there_o be_v so_o many_o kill_v of_o the_o duke_n army_n that_o he_o be_v force_v the_o next_o day_n to_o raise_v his_o siege_n and_o depart_v for_o that_o time_n chap._n lxii_o how_o ferand_n king_n of_o naples_n win_v a_o gity_n and_o castle_n from_o the_o french_a ferand_n understanding_n that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v fight_v a_o great_a battle_n with_o the_o venetian_n and_o milanese_n near_o fernon_n consider_v with_o himself_o how_o he_o may_v make_v a_o advantage_n of_o the_o king_n absence_n and_o hazard_v for_o the_o re-taking_a of_o his_o lose_a kingdom_n he_o have_v some_o troop_n on_o foot_n ready_a at_o command_n with_o they_o he_o march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o naples_n at_o such_o a_o time_n as_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o fight_n can_v not_o well_o be_v know_v and_o send_v his_o summons_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o castle_n to_o deliver_v it_o to_o he_o together_o with_o this_o false_a news_n that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o battle_n fight_v at_o fernon_n wherein_o their_o king_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o french_a utter_o rout_v the_o credulous_a governor_n believe_v the_o messenger_n because_o he_o know_v that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o fight_n but_o never_o have_v any_o certain_a intelligence_n before_o and_o fear_v lest_o he_o shall_v anger_v the_o king_n and_o make_v he_o less_o willing_a to_o grant_v honourable_a condition_n to_o he_o and_o his_o party_n if_o he_o shall_v obstinate_o hold_v out_o and_o oblige_v he_o by_o compulsion_n he_o yield_v up_o his_o castle_n and_o city_n into_o the_o king_n power_n which_o occasion_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n from_o the_o french_a chap._n lxiii_o how_o mahomet_n bassa_n conceal_v the_o death_n of_o soliman_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o sige_v in_o hungary_n from_o his_o army_n near_o two_o month_n until_o his_o successor_n be_v come_v into_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o town_n take_v when_o soliman_n the_o magnificent_a be_v dead_a before_o sige_v in_o hungary_n the_o great_a bassa_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v put_v in_o a_o horselitter_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v only_o trouble_v with_o the_o gout_n and_o oblige_v the_o physician_n to_o go_v to_o and_o fro_o with_o their_o physic_n as_o if_o they_o have_v he_o in_o cure_n to_o hide_v his_o death_n from_o the_o mutinous_a janissary_n who_o will_v have_v take_v advantage_n of_o the_o interregnum_fw-la to_o have_v plunder_v the_o christian_n and_o jew_n and_o perhaps_o have_v break_v up_o the_o siege_n yet_o he_o can_v not_o conceal_v this_o death_n long_o but_o they_o have_v a_o jealousy_n that_o the_o bassa_n deal_v not_o fair_o with_o they_o therefore_o to_o satisfy_v they_o he_o promise_v the_o next_o day_n that_o they_o shall_v see_v their_o emperor_n himself_o alive_a for_o that_o purpose_n he_o clothe_v the_o corpse_n in_o its_o imperial_a robe_n and_o place_v it_o in_o a_o chair_n of_o state_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o long_a gallery_n with_o a_o little_a boy_n behind_o he_o who_o be_v to_o move_v secret_o the_o emperor_n hand_n and_o to_o lift_v it_o up_o to_o his_o head_n as_o if_o he_o have_v therewith_o stroke_v his_o beard_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v his_o usual_a custom_n the_o soldier_n see_v this_o at_o a_o distance_n off_o imagine_v he_o to_o be_v yet_o alive_a and_o depart_v very_o well_o satisfy_v for_o that_o time_n thus_o the_o subtle_a bassa_n conceal_v his_o death_n from_o his_o army_n and_o guard_n about_o forty_o day_n more_o
to_o fly_v but_o in_o the_o flight_n bring_v into_o their_o ambush_n the_o enemy_n who_o run_v furious_o in_o unknown_a ground_n stick_v fast_o in_o the_o mire_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v circumvent_v 7._o viriatus_n who_o of_o a_o robber_n turn_v general_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n a_o people_n of_o spain_n seem_o flee_v before_o the_o roman_a cavalry_n until_o he_o have_v lead_v they_o into_o a_o place_n full_a of_o pit_n and_o craggy_a with_o which_o he_o be_v so_o well_o acquaint_v that_o he_o escape_v with_o his_o party_n through_o a_o firm_a path_n then_o do_v he_o fall_v upon_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o be_v fast_o in_o the_o mire_n and_o in_o a_o ground_n which_o they_o know_v not_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 8._o fulvius_n general_n in_o the_o cimbrick_n war_n have_v his_o camp_n near_o adjoin_v to_o the_o enemy_n command_v his_o cavalry_n to_o ride_v up_o to_o their_o trench_n to_o provoke_v they_o to_o fight_v and_o then_o to_o pretend_v to_o fly_v and_o retreat_n back_o when_o he_o have_v practise_v this_o policy_n for_o certain_a day_n the_o cimbri_n follow_v they_o furious_o so_o that_o he_o take_v notice_n that_o their_o camp_n be_v not_o so_o well_o man_v as_o before_o therefore_o with_o part_n of_o his_o army_n he_o cause_v his_o usual_a custom_n to_o be_v observe_v with_o another_o party_n of_o light-harnessed_n soldier_n he_o march_v to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o enemy_n camp_n undiscovered_a and_o when_o he_o see_v that_o they_o be_v go_v out_o in_o pursuit_n as_o their_o manner_n be_v he_o sudden_o assault_v they_o break_v through_o the_o trench_n that_o be_v forsake_v and_o take_v the_o camp_n 9_o cn._n fulvius_n when_o a_o army_n of_o the_o falisci_n far_o great_a than_o the_o roman_n be_v enter_v into_o their_o border_n cause_v certain_a house_n far_o from_o his_o camp_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o some_o of_o his_o soldier_n and_o the_o enemy_n think_v that_o they_o have_v be_v do_v by_o some_o of_o their_o man_n in_o hope_n of_o booty_n march_v out_o into_o several_a party_n which_o weaken_a the_o main_a body_n 10._o alexander_n march_v out_o of_o epirus_n against_o the_o illyrian_n place_v a_o small_a party_n in_o ambush_n and_o cause_v some_o of_o his_o own_o man_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o illyrian_n to_o destroy_v and_o burn_v his_o own_o country_n of_o epirus_n which_o when_o the_o illyrian_n see_v they_o begin_v to_o scatter_v and_o to_o plunder_v every_o where_n and_o the_o more_o confident_o because_o the_o spoiler_n serve_v they_o as_o scout_n who_o purposely_o decoy_v they_o into_o a_o uneven_a ground_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o rout_v they_o 11._o leptenes_n also_o general_n of_o syracuse_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n command_v his_o own_o country_n to_o be_v destroy_v and_o certain_a village_n and_o castle_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n that_o the_o carthaginian_n may_v think_v that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o their_o own_o party_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o march_v out_o to_o help_v and_o to_o fall_v into_o a_o ambush_n that_o rout_v they_o 12._o maharbal_n be_v send_v general_n against_o the_o rebellious_a african_n know_v that_o they_o be_v greedy_a of_o wine_n he_o therefore_o cause_v a_o vessel_n of_o wine_n to_o be_v season_v with_o mandrake_n that_o have_v a_o stupify_a virtue_n next_o to_o poison_n afterward_o when_o he_o come_v to_o skirmish_v a_o little_a with_o the_o enemy_n he_o sound_v a_o retreat_n out_o of_o design_n and_o in_o the_o dead_a of_o the_o night_n have_v leave_v in_o his_o camp_n some_o of_o his_o baggage_n and_o all_o his_o wine_n poison_v with_o that_o ingredient_n he_o pretend_v to_o fly_v when_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n have_v take_v his_o camp_n they_o give_v themselves_o over_o to_o rejoice_v and_o to_o drink_v free_o of_o the_o poison_a wine_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o lie_v on_o the_o ground_n stupefy_v as_o dead_a at_o that_o instant_a maharbal_n return_v with_o his_o army_n take_v and_o slay_v they_o without_o resistance_n 13._o hannibal_n know_v that_o his_o own_o and_o the_o roman_n camp_n be_v in_o a_o place_n that_o want_v wood_n lest_o behind_o he_o purposely_o in_o a_o desert_a place_n many_o head_n of_o cattle_n within_o his_o camp_n of_o which_o when_o the_o roman_n have_v take_v possession_n in_o this_o great_a want_n of_o wood_n load_v themselves_o with_o raw_a and_o unwholesome_a meat_n then_o do_v hannibal_n return_v in_o the_o night_n with_o his_o army_n and_o find_v they_o secure_a and_o distemper_a with_o raw_a flesh_n he_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o 14._o when_o tiberius_n gracchus_n be_v general_n in_o spain_n he_o understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v poor_a and_o want_v trade_n he_o leave_v therefore_o his_o camp_n furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n for_o food_n which_o when_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v and_o fill_v themselves_o without_o measure_n he_o bring_v back_o his_o army_n and_o sudden_o overpower_a they_o 15._o they_o who_o make_v war_n against_o the_o erythraean_n take_v one_o of_o their_o scout_n stand_v in_o a_o enemy_n place_n and_o kill_v he_o give_v his_o clothes_n to_o one_o of_o their_o own_o soldier_n who_o make_v such_o sign_n to_o the_o erythraean_n as_o that_o they_o be_v bring_v thereby_o into_o a_o ambuscado_n 16._o whereas_o the_o arabian_n have_v a_o note_a custom_n among_o they_o to_o signify_v the_o come_n of_o a_o enemy_n by_o day_n with_o smoak_n by_o night_n with_o fire_n they_o therefore_o order_v this_o to_o be_v continual_o practise_v but_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v approach_v to_o forbear_v the_o custom_n who_o when_o they_o see_v no_o fire_n imagine_v that_o their_o come_v be_v not_o know_v they_o enter_v therefore_o too_o hasty_o into_o the_o border_n be_v destroy_v 17._o alexander_n the_o macedonian_a when_o the_o enemy_n have_v fortify_v their_o camp_n in_o a_o high_a wood_n take_v a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n command_v those_o who_o be_v leave_v behind_o to_o kindle_v fire_n as_o former_o and_o to_o show_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o lead_v that_o select_a party_n by_o unknown_a way_n round_o about_o to_o the_o high_a ground_n from_o whence_o he_o assault_v and_o drive_v away_o the_o enemy_n 18._o memnon_n king_n of_o rhodes_n be_v strong_a than_o the_o enemy_n in_o calvary_n and_o they_o abide_v on_o hill_n for_o shelter_n resolve_v to_o bring_v they_o down_o with_o this_o policy_n he_o send_v some_o of_o his_o soldier_n into_o their_o camp_n as_o run-a-way_n to_o inform_v they_o that_o memnon_n army_n be_v already_o vex_v with_o a_o sore_a sedition_n and_o that_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v already_o go_v and_o that_o he_o may_v confirm_v they_o in_o that_o belief_n he_o order_v some_o little_a fort_n in_o every_o side_n to_o be_v fortify_v in_o the_o enemy_n sight_n as_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o refuge_n themselves_o there_o who_o be_v at_o variance_n when_o they_o who_o be_v in_o the_o mountain_n hear_v of_o this_o they_o come_v down_o upon_o the_o plain_a ground_n and_o while_o they_o be_v assault_v the_o castle_n and_o fort_n they_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o cavalry_n of_o memnon_n 19_o harridas_fw-la king_n of_o the_o molossi_n be_v at_o war_n with_o ardies_n the_o illyrian_a who_o have_v a_o more_o numerous_a army_n send_v away_o all_o his_o weak_a people_n into_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o aetolia_n to_o disperse_v the_o same_o that_o he_o intend_v to_o deliver_v up_o his_o city_n and_o wealth_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o aetolian_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o place_v all_o such_o as_o can_v bear_v arm_n in_o ambush_n in_o the_o mountain_n and_o rocky_a place_n the_o illyrian_n fear_v lest_o the_o aetolian_n shall_v take_v possession_n of_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o molossi_n haste_v to_o the_o plunder_n without_o order_n then_o do_v harridas_fw-la come_v out_o of_o his_o ambush_n assault_v they_o unaware_o and_o scatter_v up_o and_o down_o rout_z and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n 20._o t._n labienus_n while_o he_o be_v caesar_n lieutenant_n against_o the_o gaul_n before_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o german_n who_o he_o know_v will_v come_v to_o their_o assistance_n desire_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o but_o make_v show_v of_o be_v jealous_a of_o his_o own_o force_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o plant_v his_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o appoint_v to_o march_v away_o on_o the_o next_o day_n the_o gaul_n think_v that_o he_o have_v flee_v away_o they_o resolve_v therefore_o to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n that_o be_v between_o they_o but_o while_o they_o be_v busy_a in_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n he_o have_v bring_v about_o his_o army_n upon_o they_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 21._o when_o hannibal_n understand_v that_o
cause_v curio_n the_o roman_a general_n to_o rejoice_v when_o he_o make_v as_o if_o he_o will_v return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n curio_n be_v deceive_v by_o that_o vain_a confidence_n pursue_v after_o sabora_n the_o king_n commander_n so_o far_o that_o he_o come_v into_o open_a field_n where_o he_o be_v beset_v with_o the_o numidian_a cavalry_n lose_v his_o army_n and_o his_o life_n also_o 41._o melanthus_n the_o athenian_a captain_n when_o he_o be_v challenge_v by_o xanthus_n the_o boeotian_n the_o enemy_n king_n and_o come_v to_o fight_v he_o in_o a_o duel_n assoon_o as_o he_o draw_v near_o cry_v to_o he_o thou_o do_v base_o xanthus_n and_o against_o our_o agreement_n for_o thou_o be_v come_v follow_v by_o a_o second_o to_o encounter_v with_o one_o single_a man_n when_o he_o begin_v to_o wonder_v and_o look_v back_o who_o it_o be_v accompany_v he_o he_o run_v he_o in_o behind_o and_o kill_v he_o 42._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a general_n understand_v at_o the_o chersonesus_n of_o greece_n that_o anaxibius_n the_o lacedaemonian_a commander_n lead_v a_o army_n by_o land_n take_v out_o of_o his_o ship_n a_o very_a strong_a party_n of_o soldier_n and_o lay_v they_o in_o ambush_n but_o all_o the_o ship_n he_o cause_v to_o sail_v away_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v load_v with_o soldier_n and_o when_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v secure_a and_o never_o dream_v of_o a_o assault_n in_o their_o march_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o rout_v they_o 43._o when_o the_o liburni_n a_o people_n of_o dalmatia_n besiege_v certain_a marish_a and_o shelvy_a place_n by_o the_o sea_n they_o discover_v only_o their_o head_n and_o make_v the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v the_o wide_a sea_n by_o that_o mean_v they_o take_v a_o galley_n that_o in_o pursuit_n of_o they_o stick_v fast_o in_o the_o quicksand_n or_o bank_n 44._o alcibiades_z the_o athenian_a commander_n in_o the_o heilespont_n against_o numidarus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n have_v a_o numerous_a army_n and_o many_o ship_n land_v a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n in_o the_o night_n and_o some_o of_o his_o ship_n he_o cause_v to_o lie_v conceal_v behind_o a_o certain_a promontory_n or_o high-land_n whilst_o he_o with_o a_o few_o only_a fit_a to_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n contempt_n flee_v before_o they_o till_o he_o have_v bring_v they_o into_o the_o snare_n he_o than_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v and_o to_o save_v themselves_o on_o land_n but_o as_o they_o go_v on_o shore_n he_o cut_v they_o off_o by_o that_o party_n that_o he_o have_v land_v on_o purpose_n 45._o the_o same_o alcibiades_n be_v ready_a to_o fight_v a_o battle_n at_o sea_n fix_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o mast_n in_o a_o high-land_n that_o advance_v into_o the_o water_n command_v those_o who_o be_v there_o to_o keep_v guard_n that_o assoon_o as_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v they_o shall_v hang_v out_o their_o sail_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o happen_v that_o the_o enemy_n imagine_v that_o there_o be_v another_o fleet_n come_v to_o his_o assistance_n flee_v away_o 46._o memnon_n of_o rhodes_n have_v in_o his_o fleet_n two_o hundred_o ship_n ready_a for_o a_o sea-fight_n and_o desirous_a to_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o battle_n command_v that_o but_o a_o few_o of_o his_o vessel_n shall_v have_v their_o mast_n up_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v sail_v before_o when_o therefore_o the_o enemy_n see_v the_o number_n of_o the_o mast_n and_o by_o they_o judge_v of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o ship_n they_o bold_o come_v out_o to_o fight_v but_o be_v easy_o overpower_a by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o vessel_n 47._o when_o timotheus_n the_o athenian_a general_n be_v to_o fight_v at_o sea_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o that_o their_o fleet_n come_v forward_o well_o provide_v for_o the_o encounter_n he_o send_v twenty_o of_o his_o nimble_a ship_n which_o by_o all_o mean_n shall_v sail_v here_o and_o there_o and_o weary_a the_o enemy_n in_o the_o pursuit_n which_o assoon_o as_o he_o perceive_v be_v effect_v and_o that_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v heavy_a he_o then_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o easy_o overcome_v such_o as_o be_v out_o of_o order_n and_o weary_v out_o chap._n vi_o of_o give_v the_o enemy_n liberty_n to_o escape_v lest_o he_o shall_v out_o of_o despair_n renew_v the_o fight_n example_n 1._o when_o the_o gaul_n after_o that_o battle_n which_o be_v give_v when_o camillus_n be_v general_n desire_a boat_n and_o vessel_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o tiber_n the_o senate_n give_v order_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o boat_n and_o provision_n for_o their_o journey_n and_o when_o some_o of_o the_o same_o people_n flee_v through_o the_o country_n pomptinus_n there_o be_v a_o way_n allow_v they_o which_o be_v now_o call_v gallica_n 2._o l._n martius_n the_o roman_a knight_n who_o the_o army_n make_v general_n after_o the_o two_o scipio_n be_v kill_v surprise_v and_o overcome_v the_o carthaginian_n but_o lest_o they_o shall_v fight_v more_o fierce_o out_o of_o despair_n he_o cause_v his_o rank_n to_o be_v open_v and_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o escape_v and_o when_o they_o be_v scatter_v and_o flee_v he_o destroy_v they_o behind_o without_o any_o damage_n or_o hazard_v to_o his_o army_n 3._o when_o c._n caesar_n have_v shut_v in_o the_o german_n and_o that_o they_o do_v fight_v more_o stout_o he_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o depart_v and_o in_o the_o flight_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o with_o more_o advantage_n 4._o hannibal_n at_o the_o lake_n thrasymenus_n enclose_v in_o a_o party_n of_o roman_n who_o resist_v he_o most_o desperate_o he_o therefore_o open_v they_o a_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o as_o they_o be_v fly_v he_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n without_o any_o damage_n to_o his_o men._n 5._o antigonus_n king_n of_o macedonia_n besiege_v a_o party_n of_o aetolian_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o so_o great_a a_o famine_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o sally_v out_o and_o die_v valiant_o he_o therefore_o give_v they_o a_o way_n and_o opportunity_n to_o fly_v away_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v disappoint_v their_o impetuous_a resolution_n he_o follow_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o destroy_v they_o 6._o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a fight_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o theban_n and_o understanding_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v shut_v up_o by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n fight_v out_o of_o despair_n more_o furious_o open_v the_o rank_n of_o his_o army_n and_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o depart_v but_o after_o he_o pursue_v they_o fall_v in_o upon_o their_o rear_n and_o rout_v they_o 7._o cn._n manlius_n the_o consul_n return_v from_o the_o fight_n find_v that_o the_o roman_a camp_n be_v take_v by_o the_o etrurians_n he_o order_v therefore_o all_o the_o gate_n to_o be_v so_o well_o guard_v that_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o be_v shut_v in_o be_v so_o furious_o exasperate_v that_o they_o kill_v he_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fight_n which_o when_o his_o lieutenant_n take_v notice_n of_o they_o cause_v on_o one_o side_n the_o guard_n to_o be_v withdraw_v and_o a_o passage_n for_o the_o etrurians_n to_o escape_v but_o they_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o retreat_n and_o by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o other_o consul_n they_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 8._o themistocles_n when_o xerxes_n be_v overthrow_v hinder_v the_o grecian_n from_o break_v the_o bridge_n as_o they_o have_v resolve_v because_o it_o be_v more_o wisdom_n to_o expel_v and_o shut_v he_o out_o of_o europe_n than_o to_o force_v he_o out_o of_o despair_n to_o fight_v he_o therefore_o send_v a_o messenger_n to_o he_o to_o advise_v he_o in_o what_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o unless_o he_o make_v more_o speed_n to_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n 9_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n have_v take_v a_o certain_a city_n and_o find_v by_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o gate_n that_o he_o have_v reduce_v such_o as_o be_v within_o to_o such_o despair_n that_o they_o do_v fight_v the_o more_o desperate_o he_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o depart_v 10._o the_o same_o pyrrhus_n among_o the_o other_o direction_n give_v to_o a_o general_n in_o his_o book_n he_o recommend_v this_o that_o we_o must_v nor_o press_v nor_o pursue_v after_o a_o enemy_n that_o be_v in_o flight_n too_o unmerciful_o first_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v drive_v out_o of_o necessity_n to_o resist_v and_o stop_v a_o victorious_a course_n second_o that_o thereby_o we_o may_v oblige_v a_o enemy_n at_o another_o time_n to_o yield_v the_o day_n the_o soon_o and_o at_o a_o easy_a rate_n when_o he_o shall_v consider_v that_o the_o conqueror_n will_v not_o pursue_v too_o eager_o after_o the_o live_v of_o such_o as_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v chap._n vii_o how_o to_o dissemble_v ill_a success_n example_n 1._o tvllius_fw-la hostilius_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n
and_o auxiliary_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n against_o the_o persian_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v obtain_v a_o famous_a victory_n whether_o this_o report_n be_v real_o so_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v invent_v on_o purpose_n as_o it_o have_v be_v sometime_o practise_v to_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n to_o difficult_a encounter_n it_o have_v that_o good_a effect_n that_o none_o doubt_v afterward_o of_o success_n and_o the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v more_o resolute_a and_o brave_a in_o all_o their_o fights_z with_o the_o enemy_n insomuch_o that_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o nisibis_n a_o panic_n fear_v so_o seize_v the_o saracen_n who_o be_v come_v to_o relieve_v that_o city_n and_o assist_v the_o persian_a king_n that_o only_o the_o alarm_n and_o dread_a of_o the_o roman_n approach_n cause_v they_o in_o their_o armour_n to_o cast_v themselves_o into_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o venture_v over_o but_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o stream_n swallow_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o who_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_a sword_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o water_n in_o this_o persian_a war_n ardaburius_n by_o policy_n alone_o overcome_v seven_o great_a commander_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o notwithstanding_o these_o glorious_a victory_n theodosius_n send_v one_o of_o his_o courtier_n name_v helion_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o persian_a monarch_n but_o this_o motion_n be_v at_o first_o reject_v by_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o regiment_n call_v by_o the_o persian_n immortal_a consist_v of_o 10000_o variant_n man_n who_o desire_v their_o prince_n to_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o beat_v up_o the_o roman_a quarter_n and_o try_v whether_o they_o may_v surprise_v they_o secure_a and_o negligent_a but_o such_o be_v the_o vigilancy_n and_o diligence_n of_o the_o commander_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o they_o encompass_v these_o stout_a persian_n and_o cut_v they_o all_o in_o piece_n though_o they_o have_v divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o party_n to_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n with_o more_o advantage_n chap._n ii_o of_o asper_n a_o son_n of_o ardaburius_n after_o the_o persian_a war_n and_o the_o death_n of_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n the_o uncle_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a 23._o socrat._v schol_n lib._n 7._o cap_n 23._o a_o certain_a rebel_n name_v john_n attempt_v to_o invade_v the_o imperial_a crown_n and_o dignity_n with_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o soldier_n who_o he_o have_v list_a for_o that_o purpose_n ardaturius_n be_v send_v against_o he_o but_o it_o happen_v that_o as_o he_o be_v sail_v from_o salonae_n to_o aquileia_n through_o cross_a wind_n he_o fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n power_n when_o aspar_n his_o son_n and_o the_o roman_a army_n understand_v it_o they_o make_v more_o speed_n than_o ordinary_a to_o invest_v ravenna_n whither_o they_o have_v carry_v their_o general_n prisoner_n follow_v the_o conduct_n and_o direction_n of_o a_o angel_n of_o god_n who_o be_v send_v in_o the_o appearance_n and_o garb_n of_o a_o shepherd_n as_o be_v then_o report_v to_o assist_v the_o just_a cause_n of_o the_o religious_a emperor_n theodosius_n against_o the_o rebel_n such_o invention_n have_v often_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o politic_a wit_n of_o all_o age_n and_o such_o report_n have_v be_v often_o spread_v and_o encourage_v to_o oblige_v the_o ignorant_a vulgar_a to_o more_o manhood_n and_o confidence_n however_o whether_o that_o report_n be_v real_a or_o feign_a aspar_n sudden_o assault_v and_o enter_v ravenna_n through_o a_o lake_n join_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o because_o never_o any_o have_v ford_v it_o before_o be_v less_o guard_v whether_o then_o by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n the_o water_n be_v abate_v to_o favour_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o soldier_n or_o whether_o the_o boldness_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o assailant_n attempt_v to_o go_v through_o a_o place_n that_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v unpassable_a give_v a_o occasion_n to_o such_o a_o report_n be_v uncertain_a though_o it_o have_v be_v always_o the_o wisdom_n and_o practice_n of_o great_a general_n to_o endeavour_v thing_n that_o seem_v unfeazable_a and_o to_o assault_v a_o enemy_n on_o that_o side_n where_o they_o be_v most_o secure_a and_o where_o they_o most_o rely_v upon_o a_o natural_a fortification_n chap._n iii_o of_o belissarius_fw-la the_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n in_o the_o day_n of_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 528._o several_a general_n be_v in_o the_o day_n of_o martianus_n leo._n 1._o zeno_n anastasius_n and_o justinus_n the_o former_a emperor_n but_o none_o much_o renown_a for_o their_o policy_n and_o exploit_n belissarius_fw-la be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a in_o all_o history_n for_o his_o brave_a action_n and_o for_o the_o instability_n and_o unconstancy_n of_o humane_a glory_n his_o excellent_a conduct_n together_o with_o his_o wonderful_a success_n in_o war_n raise_v he_o to_o the_o high_a apex_n of_o honour_n but_o envy_n malice_n and_o ingratitude_n cast_v he_o down_o to_o the_o low_a step_n of_o misery_n to_o beg_v his_o bread_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o sancta_fw-la sophia_n the_o chief_a church_n of_o constantinople_n with_o this_o say_n give_v a_o half_a penny_n to_o belissarius_fw-la for_o the_o emperor_n justinianus_n cause_v his_o eye_n to_o be_v put_v out_o and_o all_o his_o estate_n to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o after_o that_o he_o have_v by_o his_o wisdom_n and_o valour_n save_v and_o enlarge_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o deliver_v the_o emperor_n person_n from_o a_o strong_a conspiracy_n head_v by_o one_o florianus_n a_o nobleman_n and_o assist_v by_o hippatius_n pompeius_n and_o probus_n kinsman_n of_o the_o former_a emperor_n anastasius_n this_o act_n of_o valour_n restore_v he_o to_o the_o emperor_n favour_n for_o he_o have_v be_v in_o some_o disgrace_n through_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o courtier_n he_o be_v of_o no_o extraordinary_a birth_n but_o raise_v himself_o through_o his_o great_a skill_n in_o martial_a affair_n at_o that_o time_n gilimerus_n reign_v over_o the_o vandal_n in_o africa_n where_o that_o northern_a people_n have_v erect_v a_o flourish_a empire_n justinian_n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o and_o send_v belissarius_fw-la as_o general_n with_o a_o numerous_a fleet_n and_o well_o furnish_v army_n after_o several_a encounter_n he_o meet_v the_o vandal_n in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n overthrow_v and_o destroy_v several_a thousand_o pursue_v their_o king_n from_o one_o kingdom_n to_o another_o till_o at_o last_o he_o besiege_v he_o and_o take_v he_o by_o famine_n in_o the_o city_n of_o carthage_n and_o with_o he_o subdue_v all_o that_o part_n of_o africa_n which_o have_v be_v former_o under_o the_o roman_a power_n and_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o arian_n heresy_n which_o have_v infect_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n all_o this_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v not_o so_o much_o through_o the_o valour_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n as_o by_o the_o policy_n and_o good_a government_n of_o the_o noble_a general_n who_o be_v excellent_a in_o lay_v of_o ambush_n and_o in_o beset_a a_o enemy_n in_o a_o open_a field_n whereby_o he_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n either_o of_o yield_v or_o of_o fly_v away_o this_o conquest_n of_o africa_n by_o belisarius_n happen_v about_o 95_o year_n after_o the_o first_o entrance_n of_o the_o vandal_n into_o africa_n according_a to_o the_o prediction_n of_o st._n cyprian_n who_o have_v so_o long_o before_o comfort_v his_o auditor_n with_o the_o assurance_n of_o a_o total_a extirpation_n of_o the_o cruel_a vandal_n together_o with_o their_o damnable_a heresy_n after_o this_o victory_n belisarius_n lead_v back_o his_o army_n to_o constantinople_n with_o gelimerus_n bind_v in_o chain_n of_o silver_n belisarius_n be_v send_v next_o into_o sicily_n to_o revenge_v the_o murder_n of_o queen_n amalasventa_n he_o soon_o conquer_v that_o island_n and_o pass_v over_o into_o italy_n against_o the_o goth_n command_v by_o their_o king_n theodatus_fw-la who_o be_v slay_v at_o ravenna_n by_o his_o own_o people_n in_o his_o stead_n they_o make_v vitiges_n king_n against_o he_o belisarius_n march_v take_v naples_n and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n which_o he_o defend_v against_o all_o the_o gothick_n power_n assist_v by_o the_o franc_n and_o slay_v in_o one_o sally_n under_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n in_o one_o day_n 30000_o goth_n after_o the_o siege_n be_v raise_v which_o last_v one_o whole_a year_n belisarius_n relieve_v ariminum_n and_o force_v the_o goth_n to_o desire_v the_o help_n of_o the_o burgundian_n and_o take_v their_o king_n vitiges_n in_o the_o city_n of_o ravenna_n and_o carry_v he_o to_o constantinople_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v against_o cosroes_n king_n of_o persia_n and_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o roman_a territory_n but_o totila_n the_o new_a king_n of_o the_o goth_n have_v make_v great_a progress_n in_o italy_n against_o the_o emperor_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o
belisarius_n he_o be_v recall_v and_o send_v thither_o again_o he_o overcome_v the_o goth_n again_o take_v all_o that_o be_v lose_v from_o thence_o he_o go_v into_o persia_n to_o give_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o cosroes_n who_o he_o beat_v in_o fight_n and_o force_v to_o sue_v for_o peace_n after_o this_o he_o repress_v the_o huns_n when_o he_o be_v old_a and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o greece_n have_v overthrow_v they_o in_o a_o bloody_a fight_n chap._n iu._n of_o narses_n the_o eunuch_n general_n under_o justinianus_n this_o noble_a eunuch_n be_v not_o much_o inferior_a to_o belisarius_n in_o courage_n and_o brave_a exploit_n when_o the_o other_o be_v war_a against_o the_o persian_n narses_n be_v send_v to_o command_v in_o italy_n against_o totilas_n the_o valiant_a and_o subtle_a king_n of_o the_o goth_n he_o make_v use_v of_o some_o of_o the_o northern_a people_n who_o he_o call_v out_o of_o dalmatia_n to_o assist_v he_o against_o the_o gothick_n nation_n there_o be_v a_o cruel_a fight_n between_o he_o and_o totila_n in_o tuscany_n where_o the_o goth_n be_v total_o overthrow_v their_o king_n kill_v in_o the_o field_n after_o this_o he_o recover_v all_o the_o part_n of_o italy_n that_o have_v be_v lose_v from_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o when_o the_o franc_n and_o german_n invade_v the_o border_n narses_n set_v upon_o they_o unexpected_a destroy_v above_o 20000_o of_o they_o and_o recover_v all_o the_o booty_n that_o they_o have_v get_v before_o this_o narses_n be_v excellent_a in_o choose_v a_o fit_a time_n to_o assault_v a_o enemy_n and_o to_o give_v battle_n which_o make_v a_o learned_a historian_n procopius_n by_o name_n to_o say_v that_o the_o virgin_n mary_n come_v and_o appear_v to_o he_o in_o his_o prayer_n to_o god_n to_o assure_v he_o of_o success_n and_o advise_v he_o of_o the_o time_n when_o he_o shall_v give_v a_o onset_n on_o the_o barbarous_a multitude_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o outward_a devotion_n have_v seldom_o want_v success_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o hypocrisy_n and_o feign_a show_n of_o piety_n have_v be_v often_o bless_v with_o prosperous_a event_n in_o war_n whereas_o impiety_n though_o it_o may_v triumph_v for_o a_o while_n continue_v not_o long_o in_o its_o flourish_a condition_n so_o necessary_a it_o be_v that_o man_n shall_v seek_v the_o assistance_n of_o heaven_n in_o the_o critical_a time_n of_o war_n and_o take_v the_o direction_n and_o help_n of_o their_o god_n to_o second_v their_o natural_a courage_n and_o valour_n against_o their_o carnal_a enemy_n as_o well_o as_o spiritual_a narses_n it_o seem_v be_v say_v to_o have_v conquer_a as_o much_o by_o his_o prayer_n as_o by_o his_o sword_n after_o totilas_n be_v slay_v the_o goth_n gather_v together_o under_o teja_n their_o king_n but_o narses_n encounter_v he_o near_o cumae_n overthrow_v and_o utter_o ruin_v their_o empire_n in_o italy_n restore_v it_o to_o the_o roman_a dominion_n from_o which_o it_o have_v be_v violent_o take_v and_o detain_v many_o year_n narses_n after_o all_o these_o good_a success_n be_v employ_v in_o several_a expedition_n wherein_o he_o fail_v not_o of_o the_o same_o happiness_n and_o prosperity_n but_o at_o last_o though_o he_o have_v be_v so_o victorious_a over_o all_o his_o enemy_n abroad_o he_o can_v not_o prevent_v the_o malice_n and_o envy_n of_o his_o enemy_n at_o home_n justinian_n though_o a_o excellent_a lawgiver_n can_v not_o give_v law_n to_o his_o passion_n and_o to_o his_o proud_a domestic_n and_o family_n the_o empress_n sophia_n cause_v longinus_n to_o be_v send_v into_o italy_n in_o his_o stead_n with_o this_o opprobious_a message_n that_o he_o shall_v come_v home_o to_o spin_v among_o her_o maid_n he_o send_v she_o back_o this_o answer_n that_o he_o will_v speedy_o spin_v she_o such_o a_o thread_n that_o neither_o she_o nor_o her_o husband_n will_v be_v ever_o able_a to_o untwist_v to_o make_v good_a this_o threat_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o albanus_n in_o pannonia_n king_n of_o the_o longobard_n and_o invite_v he_o into_o italy_n with_o his_o people_n after_o this_o narses_n leave_v rome_n and_o depart_v to_o naples_n where_o he_o die_v in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o with_o grief_n as_o be_v suppose_v chap._n v._o of_o cosroes_n king_n of_o persia_n and_o his_o unfortunate_a expedition_n upon_o the_o roman_a empire_n ann._n dom._n 570._o cosrose_n king_n of_o persia_n the_o son_n of_o cabades_n be_v a_o mortal_a enemy_n against_o the_o roman_n all_o his_o day_n at_o his_o first_o invasion_n belisarius_n and_o hermogenes_n be_v joint_a general_n together_o of_o the_o emperor_n army_n and_o though_o cosroes_n be_v both_o wise_a and_o valiant_a at_o nisibis_n and_o daras_n the_o roman_n have_v the_o victory_n but_o because_o they_o will_v not_o follow_v the_o good_a advice_n of_o belisarin_n they_o be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o persian_a auxiliary_n and_o force_v to_o conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a and_o short-lived_a peace_n for_o cosroes_n at_o the_o request_n of_o totilas_n when_o he_o be_v hardly_o beset_v by_o belisarius_n in_o italy_n invade_v again_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o will_v not_o be_v entreat_v by_o the_o ambassador_n of_o justinian_n to_o desist_v from_o his_o enterprise_n he_o take_v surus_n situate_a upon_o the_o river_n euphrates_n more_o by_o policy_n than_o by_o force_n he_o reduce_v beraea_n to_o ash_n destroy_v antioch_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n take_v seleucia_n daphne_n and_o apamia_n and_o several_a other_o good_a town_n because_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v then_o employ_v at_o a_o distance_n off_o from_o thence_o in_o italy_n against_o the_o goth_n so_o that_o he_o meet_v with_o small_a or_o no_o resistance_n in_o this_o first_o invasion_n now_o there_o be_v a_o strong_a report_n among_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o day_n that_o the_o city_n of_o edissa_n since_o the_o time_n that_o agbarus_n have_v be_v king_n who_o live_v in_o our_o saviour_n time_n be_v impregnable_a and_o that_o no_o enemy_n can_v possible_o take_v it_o not_o so_o much_o through_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o wall_n or_o any_o other_o natural_a fortification_n as_o through_o the_o power_n of_o christ_n who_o have_v procure_v such_o a_o privilege_n to_o that_o city_n whereof_o his_o friend_n agbarus_n have_v be_v king_n cosroes_n to_o try_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o report_n march_v with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o besiege_v edissa_n he_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o and_o raise_v a_o high_a mount_n with_o timber_n and_o earth_n which_o overtopped_n the_o wall_n the_o citizen_n sore_o gaul_v from_o this_o mount_n with_o the_o persian_a arrow_n resolve_v to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n by_o draw_v in_o the_o night_n a_o ditch_n near_o to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mount_n which_o they_o fill_v with_o combustible_a stuff_n but_o when_o that_o succeed_v not_o according_a to_o their_o expectation_n and_o the_o mount_n can_v not_o take_v fire_n they_o bring_v out_o the_o picture_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v to_o king_n agbarus_n from_o himself_o before_o his_o crucifixion_n that_o which_o before_o they_o can_v not_o effect_v be_v then_o accomplish_v for_o the_o pile_n of_o wood_n be_v sudden_o in_o a_o flame_n which_o the_o edisseans_n increase_v by_o cast_v in_o tow_n brimstone_n flagon_n fill_v with_o pitch_n and_o tar._n cosroes_n to_o remedy_v this_o open_v the_o conduit_n of_o water_n to_o quench_v the_o fire_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a the_o flame_n never_o cease_v till_o the_o mount_n be_v level_v with_o the_o ground_n this_o story_n be_v report_v by_o procopius_n and_o evagrius_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 26._o with_o other_o circumstance_n the_o latter_a historian_n ascribe_v the_o miracle_n and_o deliverance_n of_o the_o city_n not_o to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o image_n but_o to_o the_o citizen_n faith_n however_o cosroes_n rise_v from_o his_o siege_n and_o depart_v with_o shame_n and_o dishonour_n another_o strange_a thing_n the_o same_o evagrius_n in_o the_o next_o chapter_n report_v which_o happen_v to_o cosros_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o sergiopolis_n he_o fancy_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n to_o be_v furnish_v with_o arm_a man_n shine_v in_o bright_a armour_n ready_a to_o defend_v they_o when_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o person_n in_o the_o city_n however_o true_a it_o be_v that_o a_o panic_n fear_v cause_v he_o to_o leave_v that_o city_n also_o and_o a_o miracle_n be_v report_v and_o believe_v in_o that_o credulous_a age._n chap._n vi_o of_o martianus_n and_o justinianus_n general_n under_o justinus_n and_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n in_o the_o persian_a war_n an._n dom._n 575._o when_o as_o the_o persian_n continue_v in_o their_o hostile_a mind_n and_o endeavour_n against_o the_o roman_a empire_n justin_n the_o second_o a_o kinsman_n of_o justinianus_n though_o he_o be_v himself_o but_o a_o fainthearted_a and_o lecherous_a prince_n appoint_v a_o brave_a
and_o noble_a captain_n over_o his_o eastern_a army_n name_v martianus_n who_o he_o send_v with_o new_a raise_v force_n against_o the_o persian_n and_o to_o the_o siege_n of_o nisibis_n martianus_n be_v but_o bad_o provide_v of_o necessary_n yet_o by_o his_o extraordinary_a diligence_n he_o come_v upon_o a_o army_n of_o the_o persian_n before_o the_o rest_n be_v ready_a to_o fight_v and_o rout_v they_o the_o roman_a general_n lay_v siege_n to_o nisibis_n but_o cosroes_n make_v all_o haste_n to_o relieve_v the_o city_n send_v adaarmanes_a a_o captain_n of_o the_o wild_a arabian_n to_o waist_n and_o spoil_v the_o roman_a territory_n which_o he_o perform_v with_o less_o opposition_n because_o at_o that_o time_n justin_n the_o emperor_n have_v send_v acatius_n a_o proud_a â—â—ector_n but_o a_o cowardly_a and_o ignorant_a soldier_n to_o be_v geneneral_a instead_o of_o martianus_n this_o un-advised_n act_n discontent_v the_o army_n that_o most_o of_o they_o flee_v and_o forsake_v the_o siege_n of_o nisibis_n and_o suffer_v adaarmanes_a to_o spoil_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o take_v and_o burn_v apamia_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o cosroes_n to_o plunder_v daras_n much_o more_o mischief_n will_v have_v ensue_v have_v not_o the_o empress_n send_v a_o ambassador_n in_o season_n to_o cosroes_n to_o stop_v his_o victorious_a army_n and_o revengeful_a hand_n for_o no_o great_a good_a can_v be_v expect_v from_o a_o army_n when_o general_n want_v experience_n when_o officer_n and_o soldier_n have_v no_o confidence_n in_o one_o another_o when_o the_o chief_a commander_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o coward_n disesteem_v for_o his_o folly_n pride_n cruelty_n or_o any_o other_o imperfection_n of_o body_n or_o mind_n the_o roman_a empire_n be_v then_o in_o a_o sad_a condition_n invade_v by_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n on_o all_o its_o border_n so_o that_o the_o empress_n to_o remedy_v the_o evil_n that_o threaten_v the_o state_n persuade_v justin_n to_o make_v tiberius_n a_o valiant_a and_o wise_a man_n partner_n with_o he_o in_o the_o empire_n he_o immediate_o list_v a_o stout_a and_o numerous_a army_n and_o the_o treasure_n which_o former_o have_v be_v convert_v to_o debauchery_n he_o employ_v to_o pay_v his_o soldier_n over_o they_o he_o appoint_v a_o discreet_a general_n name_v justinianus_n and_o send_v he_o to_o give_v a_o check_n to_o cosroes_n and_o the_o persian_n proceed_n who_o be_v then_o in_o cappadocia_n the_o two_o army_n meet_v but_o when_o cosroes_n be_v loath_a to_o venture_v the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n because_o of_o the_o number_n and_o stoutness_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n cur_n a_o scythian_a captain_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o roman_n give_v such_o a_o furious_a charge_n upon_o the_o persian_n that_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o he_o pursue_v they_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o king_n treasure_n and_o carriage_n be_v keep_v which_o he_o bring_v away_o with_o he_o the_o king_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o next_o night_n to_o fall_v upon_o one_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n which_o he_o do_v with_o some_o success_n but_o when_o both_o part_n be_v unite_v they_o pursue_v he_o to_o the_o river_n euphrates_n where_o be_v kill_v and_o drown_v most_o part_n of_o his_o force_n a_o just_a reward_n for_o his_o insolency_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o he_o have_v plague_v with_o continual_a war_n many_o year_n but_o at_o last_o be_v overthrow_v and_o his_o army_n cut_v in_o piece_n by_o justinianus_n a_o worthy_a general_n and_o the_o emperor_n tiberius_n chap._n vii_o of_o mauritius_n general_n under_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n ann._n dom._n 580._o who_o afterward_o be_v choose_v emperor_n this_o general_n be_v represent_v to_o we_o a_o very_a valiant_a and_o politic_a commander_n free_a from_o lust_n and_o debauchery_n diligent_a and_o careful_a in_o his_o business_n watchful_a over_o the_o enemy_n and_o wary_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n steady_a and_o courageous_a in_o all_o his_o resolution_n he_o have_v great_a success_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o persian_n for_o he_o take_v from_o they_o many_o city_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o border_n and_o enrich_v the_o roman_a army_n with_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n famo_fw-la cosroes_n a_o persian_a general_n assist_v by_o adaarmanes_a meet_v he_o with_o their_o force_n but_o they_o be_v both_o overthrow_v by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o mauritius_n and_o by_o the_o roman_n courage_n and_o valour_n when_o they_o be_v forsake_v by_o some_o of_o their_o auxiliary_a troop_n for_o such_o a_o disappointment_n when_o a_o army_n depend_v upon_o the_o assistance_n of_o other_o who_o either_o run_v away_o or_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o increase_v their_o power_n be_v able_a to_o give_v great_a discouragement_n and_o to_o dishearten_v the_o most_o courageous_a mind_n now_o when_o some_o general_n have_v have_v such_o jealousy_n of_o any_o of_o their_o force_n they_o have_v by_o policy_n or_o some_o cunning_a invention_n clap_v a_o plaster_n to_o the_o wound_n wise_o prevent_v before_o the_o mischief_n which_o such_o treachery_n or_o cowardice_n will_v otherwise_o bring_v upon_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o army_n for_o a_o wise_a general_n must_v be_v furnish_v against_o all_o casualty_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o meet_v a_o encounter_n with_o all_o the_o unexpected_n accident_n which_o in_o his_o reason_n may_v possible_o happen_v in_o a_o battle_n his_o undaunted_a courage_n alone_o be_v able_a to_o give_v life_n to_o his_o die_a army_n and_o snatch_v from_o a_o enemy_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n mauritius_n be_v a_o politic_a commander_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o stratagem_n whereof_o he_o be_v the_o author_n when_o he_o be_v emperor_n caganas_n king_n of_o the_o avari_fw-la a_o northern_a people_n invade_v the_o border_n of_o thracia_n and_o after_o many_o cruel_a fight_v besiege_v priscus_n the_o praetor_n in_o a_o castle_n mauritius_n not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n because_o his_o army_n be_v otherwise_o employ_v send_v a_o letter_n to_o priscus_n to_o will_v he_o to_o hold_v out_o stout_o for_o some_o few_o day_n for_o that_o his_o fleet_n which_o be_v now_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o caganus_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n by_o his_o order_n will_v speedy_o return_v and_o relieve_v he_o caganus_n intercept_v this_o letter_n as_o it_o be_v go_v into_o the_o castle_n he_o believe_v the_o content_n to_o be_v true_a therefore_o the_o fear_n of_o his_o own_o territory_n make_v he_o in_o haste_n to_o rise_v from_o the_o siege_n to_o save_v his_o country_n from_o the_o suppose_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n caganus_n return_v again_o and_o in_o six_o year_n time_n take_v and_o burn_v about_o 40_o good_a town_n of_o dalmatia_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n mauritius_n who_o rare_a virtue_n may_v have_v prevent_v these_o mischief_n have_v not_o his_o neglect_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o base_a vice_n of_o covetousness_n a_o vice_n unbecoming_a a_o prince_n procure_v he_o the_o hatred_n of_o his_o stout_a soldier_n chap._n viii_o of_o mahomet_n and_o his_o success_n their_o first_o art_n and_o policy_n beginning_n a.d._n 610._o of_o all_o the_o impostor_n since_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n none_o have_v be_v so_o successful_a as_o mahomet_n and_o do_v more_o mischief_n to_o the_o humane_a race_n his_o damnable_a superstition_n have_v be_v assist_v with_o so_o much_o policy_n interest_n and_o power_n among_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a nation_n that_o the_o wonder_n of_o its_o great_a success_n appear_v less_o to_o a_o judicious_a eye_n mahomet_n birth_n be_v but_o mean_a but_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o serve_v a_o rich_a merchant_n after_o his_o decease_n he_o marry_v his_o mistress_n and_o become_v sudden_o very_o wealthy_a his_o mother_n be_v a_o jew_n his_o father_n a_o saracen_n descend_v from_o ishmael_n but_o by_o religion_n it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o that_o he_o be_v a_o heathen_a his_o name_n be_v abdala_n this_o subtle_a impostor_n perceive_v how_o ignorant_a the_o man_n of_o his_o country_n be_v of_o religion_n the_o general_a debauchery_n that_o reign_v among_o christian_n their_o feud_n malice_n and_o continual_a quarrel_n he_o take_v from_o thence_o a_o occasion_n and_o be_v thereby_o encourage_v to_o proclaim_v himself_o a_o prophet_n and_o to_o set_v up_o a_o religion_n of_o his_o own_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n he_o can_v not_o well_o relish_v he_o be_v therefore_o oppose_v and_o call_v in_o question_n for_o his_o dangerous_a and_o hellish_a opinion_n at_o his_o first_o appearance_n at_o medina_n and_o force_v to_o fly_v and_o hide_v himself_o in_o a_o cave_n where_o secgius_n a_o westonian_a monk_n assist_v he_o to_o compose_v the_o alcoran_n the_o rule_n of_o the_o mahometan_n faith_n and_o religion_n which_o be_v politic_o and_o subtile_o make_v up_o of_o such_o
give_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o chalel_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o against_o the_o come_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o have_v gather_v together_o some_o country_n force_n begin_v to_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o in_o such_o a_o negligent_a and_o careless_a manner_n as_o if_o their_o enemy_n have_v be_v already_o overcome_v this_o be_v know_v to_o chalel_n and_o his_o turk_n within_o he_o sally_v out_o with_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n and_o direct_v his_o course_n to_o the_o imperial_a ensign_n where_o without_o any_o resistance_n he_o put_v the_o whole_a army_n with_o the_o emperor_n to_o flight_n take_v all_o their_o bag_n and_o baggage_n with_o the_o imperial_a crown_n full_a of_o jewel_n and_o pearl_n which_o chalel_n put_v upon_o his_o own_o head_n in_o derision_n of_o the_o emperor_n after_o this_o victory_n the_o turk_n spoil_v the_o country_n of_o thracia_n and_o so_o distress_a the_o inhabitant_n that_o they_o scarce_o dare_v to_o venture_v out_o of_o their_o wall_v town_n to_o manure_v their_o ground_n the_o two_o emperor_n the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n have_v no_o power_n nor_o courage_n to_o stop_v they_o send_v for_o foreign_a aid_n out_o of_o servia_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n philes_n faleolgus_n a_o kinsman_n of_o the_o emperor_n a_o devout_a man_n pity_v the_o sad_a condition_n of_o his_o miserable_a country_n thus_o spoil_v by_o these_o barbarous_a turk_n without_o control_n request_v of_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o may_v be_v send_v to_o see_v what_o he_o can_v do_v against_o they_o according_a to_o his_o desire_n he_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o army_n of_o greek_n and_o servian_n first_o he_o encourage_v his_o captain_n and_o soldier_n give_v they_o many_o gift_n and_o mon_fw-fr ytook_v care_n of_o their_o safety_n and_o welfare_n and_o promise_v to_o they_o all_o great_a reward_n according_a to_o their_o brave_a action_n this_o cause_v philes_n to_o be_v so_o well_o belove_v in_o his_o army_n that_o they_o be_v willing_a and_o resolve_v to_o fight_v and_o die_v with_o he_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o chalel_n with_o a_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n be_v plunder_v of_o the_o country_n he_o march_v forward_o to_o meet_v he_o the_o turk_n at_o the_o first_o appearance_n of_o the_o christian_a army_n make_v ready_a for_o battle_n enclose_v in_o their_o prisoner_n bind_v and_o all_o their_o booty_n within_o their_o wagon_n philes_n encourage_v his_o man_n and_o with_o his_o eye_n and_o hand_n lift_v up_o to_o heaven_n hearty_o pray_v to_o the_o god_n of_o host_n to_o pity_v the_o misery_n of_o his_o distress_a countryman_n after_o a_o furious_a fight_n and_o much_o gaslantry_n on_o both_o side_n the_o turk_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o force_v to_o fly_v to_o their_o castle_n as_o their_o last_o refuge_n but_o be_v there_o besiege_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n they_o be_v all_o slay_v and_o take_v prisoner_n and_o the_o country_n free_v from_o a_o grievous_a oppression_n by_o this_o devout_a captain_n chap._n xxii_o the_o stratagem_n of_o orthanes_n the_o ii_o king_n of_o the_o turk_n at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o his_o dominion_n orthanes_n tread_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o decease_a father_n proceed_v by_o policy_n in_o most_o of_o his_o expedition_n there_o be_v at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n a_o certain_a strong_a castle_n name_v tzuprichiser_n situate_v upon_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o river_n sangarius_n which_o stop_v all_o the_o inroad_n of_o the_o turk_n into_o part_n of_o bythinia_n and_o be_v a_o great_a succour_n to_o the_o city_n of_o nice_a late_o recover_v from_o the_o turk_n by_o the_o christian_a captain_n this_o castle_n possess_v by_o the_o christian_n orthanes_n endeavour_v to_o recover_v for_o that_o purpose_n he_o disguise_v himself_o and_o his_o follower_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o christian_a merchant_n with_o their_o weapon_n conceal_v about_o they_o and_o nothing_o visible_a but_o pack_n and_o such_o ware_n as_o be_v usual_o carry_v that_o way_n into_o the_o neighbour_a village_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o castle_n he_o desire_v the_o guard_n that_o he_o and_o his_o might_n have_v liberty_n to_o enter_v in_o and_o pass_v through_o they_o without_o any_o scruple_n suffer_v he_o to_o go_v in_o think_v that_o they_o have_v be_v merchant_n indeed_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v within_o the_o gate_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o guard_n overcome_v they_o and_o take_v from_o they_o this_o strong_a castle_n which_o give_v they_o a_o inlet_n to_o all_o the_o most_o pleasant_a country_n about_o nice_a so_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o emperor_n be_v continual_o vex_v by_o their_o unreasonable_a plunder_v and_o force_v for_o their_o security_n to_o put_v themselves_o under_o their_o protection_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o get_v daily_a ground_n and_o encroach_v still_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o empire_n andronicus_z the_o young_a to_o stop_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o turk_n list_v a_o army_n and_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o field_n near_o philocrene_n a_o town_n in_o bythinia_n where_o he_o be_v defeat_v and_o wound_v and_o for_o want_v of_o good_a order_n his_o whole_a army_n force_v to_o fly_v leave_v behind_o he_o all_o his_o bag_n and_o baggage_n after_o this_o good_a success_n orthanes_n command_v all_o the_o country_n round_o about_o the_o city_n of_o nice_a without_o any_o opposition_n reduce_v it_o to_o great_a want_n of_o provision_n so_o that_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n complain_v to_o the_o emperor_n he_o promise_v to_o send_v they_o 1000_o horse_n to_o keep_v garrison_n there_o and_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o turk_n power_n orthanes_n have_v intelligence_n of_o this_o promise_n and_o of_o the_o come_n of_o this_o cavalry_n to_o prevent_v they_o he_o resolve_v to_o take_v nice_a before_o their_o come_n which_o he_o ready_o perform_v by_o this_o stratagem_n he_o cause_v about_o 800_o of_o his_o stout_a man_n to_o take_v the_o habit_n and_o furniture_n which_o christian_n horseman_n use_v then_o to_o wear_v command_v they_o to_o take_v a_o compass_n about_o and_o ride_v direct_o to_o the_o city_n in_o that_o way_n that_o lead_v from_o constantinople_n to_o nice_a at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o send_v about_o 300_o of_o his_o own_o horseman_n in_o their_o turkish_a apparel_n to_o spoil_v the_o country_n round_o about_o in_o view_n of_o the_o city_n at_o that_o very_o instant_a the_o 800_o horseman_n in_o the_o christian_n garb_n come_v travel_v towards_o nice_a and_o see_v the_o other_o plunder_v the_o country_n they_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o overcome_v they_o in_o a_o fight_n which_o be_v all_o do_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o nice_a after_o the_o suppose_a victory_n they_o ride_v to_o the_o gate_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o spoil_n of_o their_o counterfeit_a enemy_n the_o citizen_n think_v that_o their_o promise_a succour_n be_v come_v open_v to_o they_o their_o gate_n with_o joy_n and_o without_o much_o examination_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v within_o the_o turk_n make_v they_o feel_v the_o sharpness_n of_o their_o sword_n and_o these_o 800._o with_o 300_o more_o that_o flee_v out_o of_o sight_n and_o a_o strong_a ambush_n that_o lie_v near_o the_o city_n join_v all_o together_o take_v and_o plunder_v it_o and_o leave_v it_o to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o turk_n to_o this_o day_n after_o this_o and_o the_o gain_n of_o all_o the_o seaport_n about_o the_o ancient_a and_o demolish_a city_n of_o troy_n accecoza_n a_o captain_n of_o orthanes_n besiege_v abydus_n a_o famous_a castle_n upon_o the_o hellespont_n which_o he_o take_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o captain_n daughter_n in_o the_o castle_n she_o have_v see_v in_o a_o dream_n a_o certain_a officer_n cavalier_n of_o a_o very_a handsome_a countenance_n who_o help_v she_o out_o of_o a_o miry_a ditch_n and_o perform_v several_a other_o please_a service_n to_o she_o the_o image_n of_o this_o gallant_n be_v so_o fix_v in_o her_o mind_n when_o awaken_v that_o she_o long_v to_o see_v the_o reality_n of_o the_o man_n that_o be_v show_v to_o she_o in_o her_o sleep_n it_o happen_v that_o when_o the_o castle_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o turk_n a_o officer_n do_v usual_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o near_o to_o the_o wall_n she_o look_v out_o at_o a_o window_n and_o see_v he_o and_o find_v that_o this_o be_v the_o man_n who_o she_o have_v already_o in_o her_o fancy_n and_o affection_n therefore_o she_o provide_v a_o letter_n for_o he_o which_o she_o cast_v over_o the_o wall_n at_o his_o next_o ride_v about_o tie_v to_o a_o stone_n abdurachman_n be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o cavalier_n he_o take_v it_o up_o and_o show_v it_o to_o accecoza_n his_o chief_a commander_n who_o there_o find_v that_o the_o amorous_a virgin_n promise_v
to_o betray_v to_o they_o the_o castle_n if_o they_o will_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o if_o abdurachman_n will_v return_v to_o the_o castle_n wall_n with_o some_o few_o follower_n and_o observe_v her_o direction_n all_o thing_n be_v agree_v upon_o according_a to_o her_o order_n the_o siege_n be_v raise_v abdurachman_n come_v to_o the_o place_n appoint_v with_o a_o choose_a company_n the_o young_a gentlewoman_n fail_v not_o to_o meet_v he_o at_o midnight_n and_o bring_v he_o into_o the_o castle_n show_v he_o the_o pater_n lodge_n where_o he_o kill_v he_o and_o let_v in_o his_o follower_n who_o immediate_o disperse_v themselves_o about_o and_o take_v the_o captain_n and_o all_o the_o garrison_n prisoner_n for_o they_o have_v be_v very_o jovial_a the_o day_n before_o for_o the_o suppose_a departure_n of_o the_o turk_n from_o before_o their_o castle_n and_o be_v then_o most_o of_o they_o secure_a and_o asleep_a thus_o be_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o abidas_n take_v by_o the_o infidel_n in_o who_o possession_n it_o have_v remain_v to_o this_o day_n abydus_n be_v over_o against_o sestos_n in_o europe_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o hellespont_n and_o these_o two_o castle_n be_v now_o call_v dardanelli_n and_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o turk_n as_o a_o bar_n to_o hinder_v the_o christian_a ship_n from_o say_v through_o into_o the_o pontic_a sea_n or_o from_o invadle_v sudden_o their_o great_a city_n of_o stambul_n or_o constantinople_n for_o that_o purpose_n they_o be_v furnish_v with_o mighty_a great_a gun_n after_o this_o surprisal_n of_o abydus_n soliman_n the_o son_n of_o orthanes_n send_v over_o two_o captain_n ezes-beg_a and_o fazil-beg_a with_o sufficient_a force_n into_o europe_n they_o land_v not_o far_o from_o sessos_n where_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o greek_a prisoner_n they_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o coiridocastron_n and_o maditus_n and_o next_o callipolis_n with_o many_o other_o considerable_a place_n chap._n xxiii_o how_o amurath_n the_o three_o king_n of_o the_o turk_n take_v didymotichum_n and_o adrianople_n by_o craft_n as_o soon_o as_o amurath_n come_v to_o succeed_v in_o his_o father_n kingdom_n he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o christian_n the_o governor_n of_o didymotichum_n take_v advantage_n of_o this_o time_n of_o peace_n resolve_v to_o fortify_v his_o city_n and_o for_o the_o better_a carry_v on_o of_o his_o work_n with_o speed_n entertain_v all_o the_o mason_n carpenter_n and_o workman_n he_o can_v possible_o get_v when_o amurath_n understand_v his_o purpose_n he_o secret_o cause_v two_o hundred_o lusty_a workman_n to_o come_v over_o out_o of_o asia_n and_o to_o offer_v their_o service_n to_o the_o governor_n he_o though_o he_o have_v be_v forewarn_v by_o some_o to_o take_v heed_n of_o the_o asian_a workman_n hire_v they_o but_o appoint_v to_o they_o their_o lodging_n out_o of_o the_o wall_n every_o night_n when_o amurath_n have_v intelligence_n of_o all_o particular_n he_o send_v chasis-ilbeg_a with_o thirty_o other_o stout_a soldier_n to_o desire_v work_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o serve_v as_o labourer_n to_o carry_v stone_n and_o mortar_n the_o governor_n trust_v too_o much_o to_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o faithless_a turk_n in_o that_o time_n of_o peace_n employ_v they_o awhile_o at_o last_o chasis_n steal_v away_o to_o amurath_n give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o all_o passage_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o if_o he_o have_v any_o more_o help_n he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o surprise_v one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n to_o let_v in_o a_o great_a number_n if_o they_o be_v at_o hand_n amurath_n order_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o desire_n and_o send_v he_o back_o to_o didymotichum_n to_o put_v his_o device_n in_o execution_n chasis_n at_o his_o return_n watch_v a_o opportunity_n when_o the_o christian_n be_v at_o dinner_n than_o do_v he_o cause_v the_o turkish_a workman_n and_o labourer_n to_o counterfeit_v a_o brawl_n and_o to_o fall_v from_o word_n to_o blow_n whilst_o they_o be_v thus_o quarrel_v one_o party_n of_o they_o run_v sudden_o to_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n where_o they_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o weapon_n of_o the_o guard_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o their_o pursue_a companion_n but_o they_o turn_v they_o against_o the_o soldier_n keep_v guard_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o a_o party_n of_o turk_n who_o wait_v near_o the_o town_n for_o that_o purpose_n they_o overpowr_v the_o citizen_n and_o take_v didimotichum_n together_o with_o rhodestum_n by_o assault_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o latter_a in_o the_o night_n the_o turk_n general_o have_v have_v great_a success_n by_o employ_v such_o subtle_a plot_n against_o the_o christian_n and_o take_v they_o at_o a_o advantage_n the_o same_o amurath_n take_v the_o city_n of_o adrianopolis_n by_o policy_n he_o send_v chasir-ilbeg_a one_o of_o his_o great_a captain_n and_o persuade_v he_o to_o run_v away_o with_o some_o other_o trusty_a fugitive_n to_o adrianople_n and_o to_o complain_v and_o exclaim_v against_o the_o cruelty_n and_o hard_a usage_n of_o their_o lord_n amurath_n this_o chasis-ilbeg_a with_o his_o turk_n in_o several_a sally_n behave_v himself_o right_a valiant_o against_o the_o soldier_n of_o amurath_n which_o purchase_v he_o a_o great_a esteem_n favour_n and_o confidence_n with_o the_o governor_n who_o trust_v too_o much_o whilst_o they_o be_v at_o a_o secret_a appointment_n with_o their_o lord_n when_o they_o shall_v betray_v one_o of_o the_o gate_n to_o he_o for_o chasis_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n come_v once_o at_o break_v of_o day_n only_o with_o ten_o follower_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v go_v out_o to_o hunt_v when_o the_o gate_n be_v open_v he_o assault_v the_o soldier_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n and_o have_v at_o hand_n all_o his_o fugitive_n turk_n they_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o gate_n which_o they_o keep_v till_o such_o as_o be_v send_v from_o amurath_n come_v to_o their_o assistance_n then_o they_o fierce_o charge_v the_o citizen_n the_o fight_n continue_v from_o morning_n till_o night_n but_o the_o tarks_n at_o last_o by_o their_o continual_a recruit_n get_v the_o victory_n and_o with_o it_o the_o noble_a and_o rich_a city_n of_o adrianople_n where_o the_o ottoman_a emperor_n have_v since_o keep_v a_o seraglio_n at_o this_o time_n live_v in_o amurath_n court_n cara_fw-it rustemes_n a_o doctor_n of_o the_o mahometan_a law_n he_o persuade_v his_o lord_n to_o take_v every_o five_o captive_n of_o the_o christian_a youth_n of_o about_o 12_o or_o 15_o year_n old_a from_o his_o soldier_n when_o they_o return_v from_o the_o plunder_v of_o the_o christian_a country_n these_o youth_n be_v send_v over_o into_o asia_n to_o be_v breed_v up_o in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o country_n farmer_n and_o employ_v in_o hard_a labour_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n that_o they_o may_v be_v instruct_v in_o that_o time_n in_o the_o turkish_a religion_n and_o language_n after_o this_o they_o be_v send_v for_o and_o train_v up_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n that_o they_o may_v serve_v the_o great_a turk_n in_o his_o war_n and_o wait_v upon_o his_o person_n as_o his_o foot_n guard_n these_o be_v name_v janissary_n that_o be_v new_a soldier_n who_o have_v thence_o their_o first_o beginning_n as_o the_o mamaluck_v also_o in_o egypt_n have_v their_o original_n from_o captivity_n and_o bondage_n for_o they_o be_v slave_n bring_v thither_o by_o merchant_n into_o scitia_fw-la and_o other_o country_n and_o sell_v to_o the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o the_o art_n of_o war._n these_o as_o the_o janissary_n be_v now_o to_o the_o turkish_a emperor_n be_v the_o best_a soldier_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o their_o stout_a man_n in_o war._n amurath_n enlarge_v his_o dominion_n both_o in_o asia_n and_o europe_n he_o invade_v servia_n take_v appolonia_n and_o many_o great_a city_n conquer_a caramania_n and_o in_o a_o notable_a battle_n kill_v lazarus_n despot_n of_o servia_n but_o it_o happen_v after_o the_o fight_n when_o amurath_n be_v take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n one_o miles_n cobelitz_n sore_o wound_v rise_v from_o the_o ground_n where_o he_o lay_v and_o go_v stagger_v towards_o amurath_n the_o turk_n think_v he_o have_v be_v come_v to_o kiss_v amurath_n foot_n and_o to_o do_v he_o reverence_n or_o to_o beg_v his_o life_n but_o cobelitz_n have_v another_o purpose_n for_o with_o a_o short_a dagger_n hide_v under_o his_o coat_n he_o stab_v he_o in_o the_o belly_n and_o kill_v he_o chap._n xxiv_o how_o tamerlan_n overcome_v bajazet_n army_n tamerlan_n understanding_n that_o bajazet_n be_v at_o hand_n and_o with_o a_o resolution_n to_o fight_v he_o resolve_v to_o keep_v his_o army_n in_o large_a plain_n not_o far_o from_o sebastia_n which_o he_o have_v before_o take_v and_o destroy_v because_o he_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o
suspicion_n the_o cart_n be_v to_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o second_o gate_n and_o there_o to_o be_v disorder_v by_o let_v fall_n the_o wheel_n whilst_o the_o carter_n be_v to_o be_v busy_a about_o his_o cart_n the_o disguise_a soldier_n be_v to_o take_v the_o first_o and_o second_o gate_n to_o kill_v the_o watch_n and_o to_o give_v a_o sign_n to_o the_o ambush_n in_o the_o wood_n to_o come_v speedy_o to_o their_o assistance_n which_o be_v let_v into_o the_o city_n will_v easy_o take_v and_o keep_v it_o for_o the_o french_a but_o this_o plot_n be_v discover_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v prevent_v chap._n lxxv_o how_o prince_n maurice_n endeavour_v to_o take_v antwerp_n gastle_n by_o surprise_n prince_n maurice_n without_o dispute_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o successful_a general_n of_o his_o time_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o newport_n he_o obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o spaniard_n and_o be_v bread_n up_o among_o army_n and_o soldier_n he_o prove_v a_o most_o wise_a and_o subtle_a commander_n antwerp_n castle_n be_v attempt_v by_o he_o in_o this_o manner_n he_o be_v at_o breda_n with_o his_o army_n command_v all_o the_o passage_n of_o his_o camp_n to_o be_v narrow_o watch_v and_o secret_o draw_v some_o company_n of_o foot_n from_o some_o neighbour_a garrison_n put_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o discreet_a colonel_n in_o who_o he_o can_v conside_fw-la the_o soldier_n know_v nothing_o of_o his_o purpose_n only_o the_o officer_n and_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o conceal_v his_o march_n from_o the_o country_n he_o order_v his_o man_n to_o take_v off_o their_o orange_a colour_n and_o change_v they_o for_o red_a such_o as_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n soldier_n use_v to_o wear_v and_o his_o wagon_n likewise_o have_v a_o burgundian_n cross_n as_o spinola_n and_o as_o his_o soldier_n pass_v through_o the_o country_n they_o be_v to_o say_v that_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o be_v march_v to_o antwerp_n for_o provision_n by_o this_o disguise_n and_o invention_n a_o party_n of_o a_o 1000_o foot_n and_o 200_o horse_n go_v undiscovered_a in_o the_o dark_a night_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o antwerp_n castle_n where_o they_o get_v as_o far_o as_o the_o bridge_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o blow_v open_a the_o gate_n have_v they_o not_o be_v perceive_v by_o the_o vigilancy_n of_o a_o spanish_a old_a soldier_n name_v andreas_n cea_n who_o give_v the_o alarm_n to_o the_o garrison_n and_o prevent_v their_o entrance_n chap._n lxxvi_o of_o the_o battle_n of_o diep_n between_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n and_o the_o army_n of_o the_o ligne_n command_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o army_n about_o eight_o or_o nine_o thousand_o men._n the_o duke_n have_v twenty_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o eight_o thousand_o horse_n the_o king_n entrench_v himself_o about_o three_o mile_n from_o diep_n at_o a_o village_n call_v arques_n with_o his_o small_a number_n but_o he_o give_v such_o wise_a order_n that_o he_o secure_v both_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n from_o the_o invade_a enemy_n who_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o september_n 1589._o give_v a_o furious_a assault_n to_o the_o king_n force_n but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o great_a loss_n the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n have_v continue_v quiet_a in_o his_o camp_n three_o day_n give_v another_o assault_n but_o to_o as_o little_a purpose_n only_o the_o regiment_n of_o colalt_n and_o tremblecour_n call_v to_o the_o king_n force_n that_o they_o will_v be_v of_o their_o side_n at_o which_o offer_n they_o be_v receive_v within_o the_o trench_n and_o they_o promise_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n faithful_o if_o they_o may_v have_v any_o assurance_n of_o their_o pay_n which_o be_v promise_v by_o the_o king_n but_o whilst_o this_o brave_a prince_n be_v busy_o employ_v in_o look_v to_o every_o quarter_n these_o treacherous_a villain_n turn_v their_o weapon_n against_o they_o who_o have_v take_v they_o in_o let_v in_o more_o of_o the_o duke_n force_n into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o camp_n so_o that_o if_o the_o duke_n in_o that_o consternation_n that_o the_o king_n army_n be_v then_o in_o by_o the_o unexpected_a treachery_n have_v speedy_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o second_v with_o all_o his_o force_n these_o two_o regiment_n he_o have_v undoubted_o carry_v and_o master_v the_o trench_n but_o whilst_o the_o duke_n delay_v the_o count_n de_fw-fr castillon_n the_o duke_n of_o montpensier_n and_o la_fw-fr nove_n excellent_a commander_n of_o the_o king_n army_n run_v with_o their_o man_n to_o assist_v the_o king_n discourage_v party_n and_o charge_v the_o enemy_n within_o the_o trench_n so_o brisk_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v out_o and_o leave_v that_o great_a advantage_n they_o have_v gain_v by_o a_o stratagem_n after_o this_o good_a success_n the_o king_n with_o his_o small_a party_n give_v so_o many_o alarm_n to_o the_o duke_n camp_n that_o he_o find_v himself_o with_o his_o great_a army_n besiege_v by_o the_o king_n small_a number_n and_o reduce_v to_o many_o want_v and_o to_o the_o necessity_n at_o last_o of_o depart_v to_o a_o more_o secure_a and_o commodious_a neighbourhood_n chap._n lxxvii_o of_o the_o famous_a battle_n of_o jury_n between_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n the_o duke_n design_v to_o relieve_v the_o town_n of_o dreux_n besiege_v by_o the_o king_n army_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n begin_v to_o draw_v near_o they_o be_v order_v to_o retreat_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v in_o fear_n this_o dissimulation_n so_o encourage_v the_o commander_n of_o the_o duke_n army_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v quiet_a till_o they_o have_v force_v he_o against_o his_o judgement_n to_o a_o battle_n both_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n in_o a_o even_o plain_a near_o the_o tillage_n of_o jury_n the_o king_n army_n have_v about_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n draw_v up_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o king_n appear_v first_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o squadron_n of_o six_o hundred_o horse_n most_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n which_o be_v flank_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n with_o a_o battalion_n of_o two_o regiment_n of_o swisser_n and_o on_o the_o left_a by_o two_o other_o regiment_n of_o the_o same_o country_n these_o battalion_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o guard_n and_o three_o other_o regiment_n the_o duke_n of_o montpensier_n march_v next_o on_o the_o left_a with_o a_o squadron_n of_o six_o huudred_a horse_n between_o two_o regiment_n of_o germany_n and_o switzerland_n second_v by_o two_o other_o body_n of_o foot_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o french_a infantry_n the_o marshal_n d'aumount_v close_v up_o the_o left_a wing_n with_o three_o hundred_o horse_n and_o two_o regiment_n of_o french_a infantry_n at_o his_o side_n and_o two_o troop_n before_o he_o of_o light_a horseman_n command_v by_o the_o great_a prior_n and_o by_o giury_n mareschal_n de_fw-fr camp_n these_o be_v assist_v on_o the_o right_n by_o the_o baron_n of_o byron_n who_o have_v the_o charge_n to_o protect_v four_o canon_n and_o some_o field_n piece_n on_o the_o other_o side_n march_v the_o marshal_n of_o byron_n with_o another_o squadron_n of_o horse_n between_o two_o regiment_n of_o french_a foot_n next_o to_o the_o regiment_n of_o guard_n but_o a_o little_a behind_o that_o they_o may_v be_v as_o a_o reserve_n to_o that_o body_n which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o king_n in_o person_n next_o to_o they_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n show_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o crescent_n be_v a_o squadron_n of_o german_a horse_n slank_v by_o two_o small_a body_n of_o french_a infantry_n lead_v by_o the_o count_n scomberg_n this_o excellent_a order_n of_o the_o king_n army_n together_o with_o the_o judicious_a management_n of_o the_o artillery_n by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ordinance_n contribute_v much_o to_o the_o victory_n for_o the_o several_a body_n into_o which_o the_o king_n army_n be_v draw_v up_o find_v a_o mean_n to_o enclose_v in_o a_o body_n of_o dutch_a horse_n who_o they_o charge_v so_o furious_o on_o the_o flank_n that_o they_o be_v rout_v and_o force_v to_o fall_v back_o upon_o the_o infantry_n of_o the_o ligne_n the_o king_n himself_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o excellent_a commanmander_n and_o a_o stout_a soldier_n for_o when_o he_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o eighteen_o hundred_o lance_n command_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n he_o with_o his_o pistol_z and_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n be_v engage_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o that_o great_a squadron_n and_o total_o defeat_v it_o with_o a_o small_a party_n that_o follow_v he_o close_o by_o his_o side_n the_o king_n take_v all_o the_o bag_n and_o baggage_n canon_n and_o ammunition_n by_o this_o battle_n henry_n the_o four_o secure_v the_o
the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n or_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o most_o celebrate_a practice_n and_o wise_a say_n of_o the_o great_a general_n in_o former_a age_n write_a by_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n one_o of_o the_o roman_a consul_n now_o english_v and_o enlarge_v with_o a_o new_a collection_n of_o the_o most_o note_a stratagem_n and_o brave_a exploit_n of_o famous_a and_o modern_a general_n and_o with_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o weapon_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a and_o engine_n common_o use_v in_o war_n with_o their_o usefulness_n and_o deficiency_n by_o m._n d._n a._n b._n d._n license_v july_n 28._o 1685._o ro._n l'estrange_n london_n print_v for_o s._n heyrick_n j._n place_n and_o r._n sare_n at_o grays-inn_n gate_n and_o furnivals-inn_n gate_n in_o holborn_n 1686._o the_o preface_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n to_o his_o first_o three_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n have_v undertake_v among_o some_o other_o lover_n and_o encourager_n of_o the_o art_n of_o war_n war._n he_o write_v a_o book_n of_o the_o art_n of_o war._n to_o prescribe_v and_o publish_v the_o rule_n of_o that_o excellent_a knowledge_n i_o conceive_v that_o i_o have_v sufficient_o accomplish_v my_o design_n according_a to_o my_o ability_n but_o to_o this_o work_n i_o judge_v also_o that_o i_o ought_v to_o annex_v the_o subtle_a practice_n of_o great_a captain_n which_o the_o greek_n in_o one_o word_n stile_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o stratagem_n and_o to_o gather_v they_o together_o in_o short_a and_o compendious_a relation_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n leader_n may_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o example_n of_o advice_n prudence_n and_o conduct_n which_o may_v encourage_v their_o invention_n and_o direct_v they_o to_o the_o imitation_n of_o the_o same_o exploit_n and_o it_o will_v undoubted_o prevent_v their_o distrust_n of_o their_o own_o contrivance_n when_o they_o have_v approve_v example_n before_o their_o eye_n to_o spur_v on_o their_o resolution_n now_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a and_o can_v deny_v that_o the_o historian_n have_v also_o comprehend_v in_o their_o write_n the_o same_o passage_n and_o have_v deliver_v to_o we_o all_o the_o most_o remarkable_a example_n but_o in_o my_o judgement_n we_o ought_v in_o this_o case_n to_o consult_v the_o conveniency_n of_o such_o as_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o speed_n and_o action_n for_o who_o it_o will_v be_v then_o too_o tedious_a to_o run_v over_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v scatter_v here_o and_o there_o in_o the_o large_a volume_n of_o history_n and_o it_o usual_o happen_v that_o such_o as_o have_v gather_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o most_o note_a thing_n do_v lose_v and_o forget_v they_o as_o in_o a_o multitude_n of_o matter_n which_o confound_v the_o reader_n our_o industry_n therefore_o shall_v here_o endeavour_v to_o exhibit_v and_o lay_v down_o that_o which_o be_v require_v according_a to_o expectation_n as_o exact_o as_o the_o thing_n will_v suffer_v for_o to_o the_o general_a head_n which_o i_o have_v gather_v i_o have_v prepare_v fit_a advice_n and_o counsel_n from_o example_n and_o that_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v differ_v may_v be_v place_v in_o good_a order_n for_o the_o variety-sake_n of_o thing_n we_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o three_o book_n in_o the_o first_o shall_v be_v the_o example_n which_o belong_v to_o a_o battle_n not_o yet_o begin_v in_o the_o second_o shall_v be_v the_o example_n which_o relate_v to_o a_o fight_n and_o the_o conclude_v of_o a_o peace_n the_o three_o contain_v the_o stratagem_n teach_v how_o to_o begin_v carry_v on_o and_o raise_v a_o siege_n now_o under_o these_o general_a head_n i_o have_v place_v certain_a question_n or_o proposition_n as_o so_o many_o species_n relate_v to_o they_o nevertheless_o i_o may_v with_o reason_n crave_v pardon_n for_o this_o work_n from_o he_o that_o shall_v find_v i_o not_o so_o curious_a and_o exact_a as_o to_o set_v down_o every_o example_n for_o who_o be_v there_o able_a and_o sufficient_a to_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o passage_n and_o story_n which_o be_v deliver_v to_o we_o in_o greek_a and_o latin_a therefore_o i_o have_v purposely_o omit_v many_o thing_n which_o such_o as_o have_v read_v over_o the_o book_n of_o other_o who_o have_v undertake_v the_o same_o thing_n may_v understand_v to_o have_v be_v do_v not_o without_o good_a cause_n but_o it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o reduce_v every_o thing_n to_o its_o own_o species_n for_o as_o i_o have_v undertake_v this_o work_n as_o well_o as_o other_o not_o so_o much_o for_o my_o own_o commendation_n as_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o other_o man_n i_o shall_v think_v myself_o assist_v in_o my_o purpose_n by_o those_o who_o can_v add_v to_o it_o but_o in_o no_o wise_a disgrace_v if_o there_o be_v any_o delight_v with_o the_o perusal_n of_o these_o story_n let_v they_o remember_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o noble_a action_n of_o former_a general_n and_o their_o cunning_a policy_n and_o stratagem_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v and_o distinguish_v the_o like_a deed_n for_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o leader_n in_o a_o provident_a useful_a courageous_a and_o a_o magnificent_a manner_n may_v be_v style_v general_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o stratagem_n be_v more_o particular_a deed_n the_o nature_n of_o they_o consist_v in_o that_o art_n and_o subtilty_n use_v in_o defend_v ourselves_o from_o a_o enemy_n or_o in_o overcome_v he_o concern_v which_o thing_n there_o have_v be_v remarkable_a consequence_n of_o excellent_a say_n therefore_o we_o have_v add_v to_o the_o example_n of_o action_n some_o noble_a expression_n now_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v note_v by_o a_o general_n before_o a_o battle_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o head_n the_o index_n of_o the_o chapter_n chap._n 1._o of_o conceal_v counsel_n chap._n 2._o of_o discover_v the_o counsel_n of_o the_o enemy_n chap._n 3._o of_o settle_v the_o state_n of_o war._n chap._n 4._o of_o lead_v a_o army_n through_o a_o country_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n chap._n 5._o of_o escape_v out_o of_o most_o difficult_a place_n chap._n 6._o of_o ambush_n lay_v in_o the_o way_n chap._n 7._o how_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v want_v to_o we_o may_v be_v dissemble_v or_o conceal_v and_o the_o use_v other_o way_n supply_v chap._n 8._o of_o streightning_n a_o enemy_n chap._n 9_o of_o pacify_v the_o disorder_n and_o sedition_n of_o soldier_n chap._n 10._o how_o to_o give_v a_o check_n to_o the_o unseasonable_a impatience_n of_o fight_v chap._n 11._o how_o to_o encourage_v a_o army_n to_o the_o battle_n chap._n 12._o how_o to_o expel_v the_o fear_n which_o soldier_n may_v have_v conceive_v from_o ill_a omen_n the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n a_o roman_a consul_n chap._n i._o of_o conceal_v counsel_n example_n 1._o marcus_n porcius_n cato_n have_v a_o jealousy_n that_o the_o city_n of_o spain_n which_o he_o have_v conquer_v will_v in_o time_n rebel_n out_o of_o a_o confidence_n that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o wall_n write_v to_o each_o of_o they_o that_o they_o shall_v overthrow_v their_o fortification_n and_o threaten_v they_o with_o war_n if_o they_o do_v not_o immediate_o obey_v his_o order_n the_o letter_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o all_o the_o city_n in_o one_o day_n which_o make_v every_o one_o of_o they_o believe_v that_o this_o command_n be_v give_v to_o they_o alone_o for_o if_o they_o can_v have_v have_v all_o time_n to_o know_v that_o they_o be_v all_o threaten_a and_o command_v the_o same_o thing_n they_o will_v have_v unite_v together_o and_o resist_v the_o general_n be_v order_n 2._o when_o himilco_n the_o carthaginian_a captain_n resolve_v to_o land_n in_o sicily_n unexpected_a he_o never_o declare_v whither_o he_o be_v sail_v but_o deliver_v to_o all_o the_o master_n of_o his_o navy_n seal_v letter_n wherein_o be_v write_v the_o place_n which_o he_o be_v design_v for_o but_o command_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v read_v they_o unless_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o a_o storm_n they_o be_v drive_v from_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v ship_n which_o carry_v he_o 3._o when_o c._n laelius_n go_v as_o a_o ambassador_n to_o king_n syphax_n he_o take_v along_o with_o he_o some_o of_o the_o colonel_n and_o captain_n of_o the_o army_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o slave_n and_o servant_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o serve_v as_o spy_n among_o who_o when_o l._n statorius_n who_o have_v very_o often_o be_v in_o the_o same_o camp_n seem_v to_o be_v know_v by_o some_o of_o the_o enemy_n he_o beat_v he_o with_o his_o staff_n and_o correct_v he_o
chap._n ii_o of_o discover_v the_o counsel_n of_o the_o enemy_n example_n 1._o scipio_n africanus_n take_v a_o occasion_n to_o send_v a_o embassy_n to_o king_n syphax_n with_o laelius_n he_o dispatch_v some_o choice_a colonel_n and_o captain_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o servant_n and_o attendant_n to_o spy_v out_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o they_o may_v more_o free_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o let_v loose_v a_o horse_n for_o this_o purpose_n which_o they_o follow_v and_o by_o this_o mean_n go_v round_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o fortification_n of_o which_o when_o they_o have_v give_v a_o account_n to_o scipio_n he_o make_v a_o end_n of_o that_o war_n by_o set_v fire_n to_o their_o camp_n 2._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n in_o the_o hetrurian_a war_n when_o yet_o the_o roman_a captain_n be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o wise_a way_n of_o discover_v order_v his_o brother_n fabius_n caeso_fw-la well_o learned_a in_o the_o hetrurian_a language_n to_o take_v that_o garb_n and_o to_o go_v into_o the_o forest_n of_o ciminia_n unknown_a before_o to_o the_o roman_a soldier_n in_o which_o embassy_n he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o prudence_n and_o industry_n that_o he_o draw_v the_o vmbri_n camertes_n a_o considerable_a people_n who_o be_v not_o averse_a to_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n to_o join_v in_o society_n and_o league_n with_o they_o 3._o when_o the_o carthaginian_n see_v that_o alexander_n power_n do_v so_o wonderful_o increase_v and_o that_o he_o do_v threaten_v africa_n also_o they_o appoint_v a_o subtle_a person_n one_o of_o their_o citizen_n name_v hamilcar_n of_o rhodes_n to_o go_v to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o disguise_n of_o a_o banish_a man_n and_o by_o all_o mean_n to_o insinuate_v himself_o into_o his_o acquaintance_n and_o friendship_n which_o when_o he_o have_v obtain_v he_o reveal_v to_o his_o citizen_n all_o the_o design_n and_o resolution_n of_o this_o conqueror_n 4._o the_o same_o carthaginian_n send_v some_o of_o their_o own_o citizen_n as_o ambassador_n to_o remain_v a_o considerable_a time_n at_o rome_n that_o they_o may_v understand_v the_o purpose_n of_o the_o roman_n 5._o when_o m._n cato_n be_v in_o spain_n and_o can_v no_o other_o way_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o enemy_n design_n he_o order_v three_o hundred_o soldier_n to_o make_v a_o assault_n upon_o they_o in_o their_o post_n and_o to_o take_v one_o of_o they_o by_o force_n and_o carry_v he_o into_o his_o camp_n who_o be_v put_v to_o the_o torture_n reveal_v all_o the_o secret_n of_o his_o own_o people_n 6._o c._n marius_n the_o consul_n in_o the_o cimbrick_n and_o teutonick_n war_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o gaul_n and_o lygurian_o to_o know_v whether_o they_o continue_v faithful_a to_o the_o roman_a state_n in_o the_o beginning_n he_o command_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o unseal_v nor_o read_v what_o be_v close_v up_o until_o a_o prefix_a time_n and_o before_o that_o time_n he_o send_v to_o demand_v the_o same_o letter_n which_o when_o he_o sound_v to_o be_v unseal_v he_o understand_v that_o they_o intend_v to_o join_v with_o the_o enemy_n there_o be_v also_o another_o way_n of_o discovery_n by_o which_o general_n without_o any_o outward_a help_n have_v be_v able_a to_o foresee_v thing_n of_o themselves_o for_o example_n 7._o aemilius_z paulus_n or_o rather_o l._n aemilius_n papus_n consul_n in_o the_o hetrurian_a war_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o army_n to_o lead_v they_o into_o a_o plane_n see_v a_o far_o off_o a_o great_a number_n of_o bird_n rise_v swift_a than_o ordinary_a out_o of_o a_o wood_n by_o that_o he_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v some_o ambuscade_n hide_v because_o the_o bird_n be_v disturb_v and_o because_o many_o rose_n up_o together_o he_o send_v out_o therefore_o scout_n who_o bring_v he_o intelligence_n that_o ten_o thousand_o of_o the_o helvetian_o call_v boii_n be_v there_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o roman_n which_o news_n cause_v he_o to_o march_v with_o his_o legion_n another_o way_n than_o be_v expect_v to_o attack_v they_o 8._o likewise_o tisamenes_n the_o son_n of_o orestes_n understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n hold_v the_o top_n of_o a_o mountain_n which_o be_v strong_a by_o situation_n he_o send_v some_o to_o inquire_v out_o the_o truth_n who_o bring_v word_n that_o it_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o he_o imagine_v but_o proceed_v on_o in_o his_o way_n he_o see_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o bird_n to_o fly_v together_o out_o of_o that_o mountain_n that_o will_v not_o pitch_v by_o they_o he_o perceive_v that_o the_o enemy_n troop_n be_v there_o hide_v he_o lead_v therefore_o his_o army_n another_o way_n and_o escape_v the_o ambush_n that_o be_v lay_v for_o he_o 9_o asdrubal_n the_o brother_n of_o hannibal_n understand_v too_o late_o that_o livie_n army_n and_o nero_n be_v join_v together_o though_o they_o endeavour_v to_o conceal_v it_o by_o lodging_n together_o in_o the_o same_o camp_n for_o he_o see_v their_o horse_n look_v thin_a with_o the_o journey_n and_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o body_n of_o they_o bear_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o highway_n through_o which_o they_o have_v travel_v chap._n iii_o of_o settle_v or_o choose_v the_o state_n of_o war._n example_n 1._o alexander_n of_o macedon_n have_v a_o lusty_a army_n of_o stout_a man_n to_o follow_v he_o do_v always_o choose_v to_o fight_v his_o enemy_n in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n 2._o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n have_v a_o army_n of_o old_a soldier_n but_o he_o know_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v but_o raw_a and_o unexperienced_a he_o endeavour_v therefore_o always_o to_o give_v the_o battle_n 3._o fabius_n maximus_n be_v general_n against_o hannibal_n who_o be_v grow_v insolent_a and_o proud_a with_o the_o success_n of_o the_o former_a fight_v resolve_v to_o avoid_v the_o doubtful_a hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o only_o to_o defend_v his_o country_n he_o deserve_v therefore_o the_o name_n and_o renown_n thereby_o of_o a_o wise_a general_n 4._o they_o of_o byzantium_n shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o fight_v with_o king_n philip_n army_n and_o forsake_v also_o their_o border_n to_o shelter_v themselves_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n which_o cause_v the_o macedonian_n impatient_a of_o the_o delay_n of_o a_o siege_n to_o depart_v away_o 5._o hasdrubal_n the_o son_n of_o gisgon_n command_v a_o army_n in_o spain_n in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n when_o scipio_n press_v upon_o he_o he_o disperse_v his_o army_n and_o send_v they_o to_o the_o city_n by_o this_o mean_v scipio_n be_v force_v to_o lead_v away_o also_o his_o army_n into_o their_o winter_n quarter_n that_o he_o may_v not_o divide_v his_o by_o the_o siege_n of_o many_o town_n at_o once_o 6._o when_o xerxes_n be_v enter_v into_o greece_n with_o his_o army_n themistocles_n judge_v that_o the_o athenian_n be_v not_o able_a to_o fight_v he_o by_o land_n nor_o to_o defend_v their_o border_n nor_o to_o maintain_v their_o wall_n he_o advise_v they_o therefore_o to_o transport_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o troezenum_fw-la and_o other_o city_n to_o forsake_v their_o town_n betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o resolve_v to_o fight_v by_o sea_n 7._o this_o be_v the_o same_o advice_n that_o pericles_n give_v to_o the_o same_o city_n in_o war_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n 8._o when_o hannibal_n be_v in_o italy_n scipio_n sail_v over_o with_o his_o army_n into_o africa_n and_o compel_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o call_v back_o hannibal_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o remove_v the_o seat_n of_o war_n from_o his_o own_o country_n into_o the_o enemy_n border_n 9_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v take_v and_o fortify_v a_o castle_n of_o the_o athenian_n call_v decelea_n from_o whence_o they_o do_v much_o mischief_n to_o they_o send_v their_o navy_n to_o land_n and_o spoil_v the_o peloponnesus_n by_o this_o mean_v they_o oblige_v the_o lacedaemonian_a army_n which_o be_v at_o decelea_n to_o be_v call_v home_o to_o defend_v their_o own_o country_n 10._o the_o emperor_n caesar_n domitianus_n augustus_n when_o the_o german_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n make_v sudden_a onset_n upon_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o their_o wood_n and_o secret_a retreat_n return_v immediate_o back_o in_o safety_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o copse_n he_o set_v guard_n round_o at_o 120000._o pace_n from_o one_o another_o and_o thus_o alter_v the_o manner_n of_o war_n oblige_v the_o enemy_n to_o surrender_v themselves_o when_o he_o have_v deprive_v they_o of_o their_o retreat_n chap._n iu._n of_o lead_v a_o army_n through_o a_o country_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n example_n 1._o aemilius_z papus_n consul_n lead_v his_o army_n against_o the_o luceni_n in_o a_o narrow_a passage_n where_o the_o navy_n of_o tarentum_n wait_v in_o ambush_n to_o discharge_v upon_o their_o troop_n a_o
parthian_n because_o that_o very_a morning_n when_o he_o begin_v to_o move_v forward_o he_o be_v sore_o vex_v with_o their_o arrow_n and_o pursue_v by_o they_o he_o delay_v the_o time_n of_o his_o departure_n till_o the_o five_o hour_n and_o settle_v his_o people_n in_o their_o fidelity_n resolution_n and_o courage_n which_o cause_v the_o parthian_n to_o withdraw_v themselves_o so_o that_o afterward_o he_o can_v perform_v his_o journey_n and_o march_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n without_o any_o let_n or_o hindrance_n 8._o when_o philippus_n be_v vanquish_v in_o epirus_n that_o the_o roman_n may_v not_o press_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o flight_n he_o desire_v and_o obtain_v a_o truce_n to_o bury_v the_o slay_v which_o make_v the_o roman_a guard_n to_o be_v the_o more_o negligent_a and_o give_v he_o a_o opportunity_n to_o escape_v 9_o when_o publ._n claudius_n be_v overcome_v in_o a_o sea-fight_n by_o the_o carthaginian_n because_o he_o can_v not_o avoid_v to_o pass_v through_o or_o hard_o by_o the_o enemy_n army_n he_o cause_v the_o remain_a part_n of_o his_o navy_n be_v twenty_o ship_n to_o be_v trim_v and_o adorn_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v victorious_a at_o this_o sight_n the_o carthaginian_n fancy_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v get_v the_o advantage_n of_o they_o therefore_o for_o fear_n they_o suffer_v they_o to_o escape_v 10._o when_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v overcome_v by_o sea_n they_o endeavour_v to_o put_v the_o roman_a navy_n by_o and_o to_o sail_n from_o they_o they_o make_v therefore_o a_o show_n as_o if_o they_o have_v run_v their_o ship_n upon_o bank_n of_o sand_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o conqueror_n fear_v the_o same_o mishap_n withdraw_v and_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o fly_v away_o 11._o comminius_n of_o arras_n be_v overcome_v by_o julius_n caesar_n and_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v out_o of_o france_n into_o britain_n arrive_v safe_a to_o the_o sea_n side_n when_o the_o wind_n be_v favourable_a but_o at_o low_a ebb_n so_o that_o his_o ship_n stick_v fast_o in_o the_o sand_n nevertheless_o he_o command_v the_o sail_n to_o be_v spread_v which_o when_o caesar_n see_v afar_o off_o in_o his_o pursuit_n after_o he_o and_o that_o the_o ship_n be_v already_o under_o sail_n imagine_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o recover_v he_o by_o this_o policy_n comminius_n escape_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n a_o roman_a consul_n the_o introduction_n if_o the_o former_a book_n be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o answer_v the_o title_n of_o their_o chapter_n and_o to_o deserve_v the_o reader_n be_v perusal_n i_o shall_v now_o produce_v the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n which_o have_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o besiege_v and_o the_o defence_n of_o to_n i_o shall_v not_o insist_v upon_o any_o preface_n but_o only_o deliver_v the_o subtlety_n that_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o take_n of_o city_n and_o policy_n which_o may_v serve_v the_o besiege_a in_o some_o stead_n set_v aside_o all_o the_o work_n and_o engine_n which_o be_v sufficient_o know_v and_o find_v out_o so_o that_o i_o see_v no_o possibility_n to_o deliver_v any_o new_a thing_n concern_v they_o but_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o take_n and_o defence_n of_o town_n we_o shall_v treat_v upon_o these_o several_a head_n the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n chap._n 1._o of_o a_o sudden_a assault_n chap._n 2._o of_o deceive_v such_o as_o be_v besiege_v chap._n 3._o of_o draw_v and_o persuade_v some_o to_o treachery_n chap._n 4._o by_o what_o mean_v the_o enemy_n may_v be_v straighten_v with_o want_n chap._n 5._o by_o what_o be_v the_o besiege_a may_v be_v bring_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o siege_n will_v continue_v long_o chap._n 6._o of_o the_o destroy_a the_o enemy_n garrison_n chap._n 7._o of_o the_o turn_n aside_o of_o river_n and_o the_o spoil_n of_o water_n chap._n 8._o of_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o the_o besiege_a chap._n 9_o of_o give_v a_o assault_n in_o more_o place_n than_o be_v expect_v chap._n 10._o of_o ambush_n to_o draw_v out_o the_o besiege_a chap._n 11._o of_o the_o pretence_n to_o raise_v a_o siege_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o content_n that_o relate_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o besiege_a chap._n 12._o how_o to_o oblige_v a_o party_n to_o vigilancy_n chap._n 13._o how_o to_o send_v out_o and_o receive_v messenger_n chap._n 14._o how_o to_o bring_v in_o succour_n and_o supply_v a_o town_n with_o necessary_n chap._n 15._o how_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v want_v may_v seem_v to_o abound_v chap._n 16._o how_o to_o prevent_v runaway_n and_o traitor_n chap._n 17._o of_o sally_v out_o chap._n 18._o of_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o besiege_a chap._n i._o of_o a_o sudden_a assault_n example_n 1._o t._n quintius_n the_o consul_n have_v overcome_v in_o battle_n the_o aequi_n and_o the_o volsci_n people_n of_o italy_n he_o resolve_v to_o take_v the_o town_n of_o antium_n he_o therefore_o make_v a_o speech_n to_o his_o army_n and_o show_v they_o how_o needful_a and_o easy_a it_o be_v for_o they_o if_o they_o go_v on_o without_o delay_n in_o that_o heat_n and_o courage_n which_o he_o have_v cause_v by_o his_o speech_n he_o set_v upon_o the_o town_n and_o take_v it_o 2._o m._n cato_n in_o spain_n perceive_v that_o he_o may_v get_v into_o his_o hand_n a_o certain_a town_n if_o he_o do_v assault_v the_o inhabitant_n before_o they_o be_v aware_a he_o therefore_o perform_v in_o two_o day_n the_o march_n of_o four_o through_o difficult_a and_o desert_a way_n and_o place_n and_o come_v upon_o the_o enemy_n before_o they_o fear_v he_o and_o overcome_v they_o and_o when_o his_o man_n have_v happy_o succeed_v and_o ask_v of_o he_o the_o cause_n of_o such_o a_o easy_a performance_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o then_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v conqueror_n when_o in_o two_o day_n they_o perform_v the_o march_n of_o four_o chap._n ii_o of_o deceive_v such_o as_o be_v besiege_v example_n 1._o when_o domitius_n calvinus_n besiege_v the_o town_n of_o luca_n belong_v to_o the_o ligurian_o which_o be_v strengthen_v not_o only_o by_o the_o situation_n and_o fortification_n but_o also_o by_o the_o number_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o defendant_n resolve_v to_o surround_v the_o wall_n many_o time_n with_o all_o his_o army_n and_o then_o to_o retreat_v as_o often_o into_o his_o camp_n by_o this_o custom_n the_o townsman_n be_v persuade_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v practice_v this_o only_a to_o exercise_v themselves_o and_o when_o they_o never_o fear_v any_o thing_n from_o this_o constant_a march_n the_o general_n turn_v the_o walk_n into_o a_o sudden_a assault_n in_o which_o they_o take_v the_o wall_n and_o oblige_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o surrender_v themselves_o and_o their_o town_n 2._o c._n duillius_fw-la the_o consul_n likewise_o by_o exercise_v the_o soldier_n and_o his_o seaman_n he_o bring_v the_o carthaginian_n into_o that_o security_n because_o his_o former_a custom_n have_v do_v they_o no_o harm_n that_o sudden_o he_o run_v upon_o they_o with_o his_o whole_a fleet_n and_o take_v their_o fortification_n 3._o hannibal_n master_v many_o town_n in_o italy_n by_o send_v before_o some_o of_o his_o own_o people_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o roman_n who_o have_v get_v the_o latin_a tongue_n by_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o the_o war._n 4._o the_o arcades_n besiege_v a_o castle_n of_o the_o messinian_o make_v certain_a arm_n in_o the_o resemblance_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o at_o that_o time_n that_o they_o find_v that_o their_o guard_n be_v relieve_v they_o furnish_v some_o of_o their_o own_o party_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o those_o that_o be_v expect_v and_o by_o this_o mistake_n be_v receive_v in_o as_o companion_n they_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o place_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o their_o enemy_n 5._o cimon_n general_n of_o the_o athenian_n have_v place_v a_o ambuscado_n for_o a_o certain_a city_n in_o caria_n set_v on_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n unexpected_o a_o temple_n of_o diana_n much_o reverence_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o a_o grove_n adjoin_v which_o be_v without_o the_o wall_n when_o therefore_o the_o citizen_n come_v out_o to_o extinguish_v the_o fire_n he_o take_v the_o town_n be_v almost_o empty_a of_o its_o inhabitant_n 6._o when_o alcibiades_n the_o general_n of_o the_o athenian_n besiege_v the_o city_n of_o the_o agrigentini_fw-la which_o be_v very_o well_o fortify_v he_o desire_v to_o parley_v with_o they_o in_o their_o assembly_n he_o discourse_v a_o long_a time_n with_o they_o about_o common_a thing_n in_o their_o theatre_n where_o according_a to_o the_o grecian_n custom_n be_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o deliberation_n and_o while_o he_o entertain_v the_o multitude_n under_o a_o pretence_n of_o consult_v with_o they_o the_o athenian_n who_o he_o have_v provide_v for_o that_o purpose_n take_v possession_n of_o
the_o city_n wall_n 7._o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a general_n in_o arcadia_n when_o the_o woman_n of_o the_o enemy_n come_v out_o of_o the_o city_n on_o a_o festival_n day_n and_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o in_o company_n join_v to_o they_o some_o of_o his_o own_o soldier_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o woman_n who_o be_v admit_v in_o that_o habit_n within_o the_o gate_n towards_o the_o night_n master_v the_o town_n and_o let_v in_o their_o own_o men._n 8._o aristippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a on_o the_o festival_n day_n of_o the_o tegeatae_n when_o a_o multitude_n be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o wall_n to_o celebrate_v the_o service_n of_o minerva_n send_v beast_n load_v and_o fill_v with_o sack_n of_o straw_n instead_o of_o wheat_n into_o the_o city_n with_o soldier_n to_o drive_v they_o who_o be_v under_o the_o appearance_n of_o merchant_n admit_v and_o they_o open_v the_o gate_n undiscovered_a to_o their_o own_o men._n 9_o antiochus_n in_o cappadocia_n take_v a_o beast_n which_o be_v come_v out_o of_o a_o castle_n call_v suenda_fw-la to_o fetch_v wheat_n and_o have_v kill_v the_o driver_n he_o send_v with_o it_o his_o own_o man_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o those_o driver_n as_o if_o they_o have_v return_v with_o the_o expect_a grain_n the_o guard_n be_v cozen_v with_o this_o deceit_n suffer_v they_o to_o enter_v and_o they_o make_v way_n for_o the_o soldier_n of_o antiochus_n 10._o when_o the_o theban_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n get_v into_o their_o possession_n the_o haven_n of_o the_o sicyonii_fw-la they_o build_v a_o very_a great_a ship_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o arm_a man_n cover_v they_o with_o some_o ware_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v a_o vessel_n for_o trade_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n cause_v a_o small_a number_n of_o man_n to_o appear_v at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n from_o the_o wall_n with_o who_o some_o few_o without_o arm_n be_v to_o meet_v come_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n and_o to_o pretend_v and_o make_v a_o show_n of_o quarrel_v which_o when_o the_o sicyonii_fw-la see_v they_o go_v out_o to_o cause_v the_o dispute_n to_o cease_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o theban_n enter_v into_o the_o empty_a haven_n and_o city_n and_o take_v they_o 11._o thymarchus_n the_o aetolian_a have_v slay_v charmades_n the_o admiral_n of_o king_n ptolemy_n take_v on_o he_o his_o cloak_n and_o head_n piece_n after_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n and_o by_o this_o deceit_n he_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o haven_n of_o the_o samnii_n and_o master_v it_o chap._n iii_o how_o to_o entice_v and_o win_v traitor_n example_n 1._o papyrius_n surname_v cursor_n at_o tarentum_n promise_v to_o milo_n who_o defend_v the_o city_n with_o a_o party_n of_o epirot_n that_o he_o will_v save_v he_o and_o his_o countryman_n if_o by_o his_o mean_n he_o may_v win_v the_o city_n which_o reward_v so_o prevail_v upon_o he_o that_o he_o persuade_v they_o of_o tarentum_n to_o send_v he_o as_o a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o consul_n with_o who_o he_o full_o conclude_v the_o agreement_n so_o that_o at_o his_o return_n he_o make_v the_o citizen_n secure_a and_o deliver_v the_o city_n unguarded_a into_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v power_n 2._o marcellus_n have_v win_v a_o certain_a inhabitant_n of_o syracuse_n name_v sosistratus_n to_o betray_v the_o city_n understand_v by_o he_o that_o the_o guard_n the_o next_o day_n be_v a_o festival_n will_v be_v careless_a and_o negligent_a and_o the_o rather_o because_o epicide_n be_v to_o give_v they_o plenty_n of_o wine_n and_o good_a cheer_n he_o take_v therefore_o advantage_n of_o this_o merry_a opportunity_n and_o of_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o guard_n take_v the_o wall_n slay_v the_o watch_n and_o open_v to_o the_o roman_a army_n the_o gate_n of_o this_o city_n which_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o several_a noble_a victory_n 3._o when_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n can_v not_o oblige_v the_o gabii_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o send_v to_o they_o his_o son_n sextus_n tarqvinius_n beat_v with_o rod_n he_o exclaim_v against_o the_o cruelty_n of_o his_o father_n and_o persuade_v the_o gabii_n to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o hatred_n and_o displeasure_n against_o the_o king_n they_o according_o have_v choose_v he_o to_o be_v their_o leader_n betray_v they_o to_o his_o father_n 4._o cyrus_n king_n of_o persia_n send_v on_o purpose_n his_o companion_n and_o friend_n zopyrus_n upon_o who_o fidelity_n he_o can_v assure_o relve_v with_o his_o face_n disfigure_v and_o maim_v to_o the_o enemy_n he_o be_v think_v by_o they_o to_o be_v high_o provoke_v against_o cyrus_n because_o of_o the_o disgrace_n offer_v to_o he_o and_o he_o do_v not_o a_o little_a encourage_v this_o persuasion_n by_o adventure_v himself_o much_o as_o often_o as_o they_o go_v out_o to_o fight_v and_o aim_v at_o cyrus_n with_o his_o dart_n at_o last_o when_o they_o have_v make_v he_o governor_n of_o babylon_n he_o deliver_v the_o city_n into_o the_o king_n hand_n 5._o philippus_n be_v shut_v out_o of_o a_o town_n of_o the_o samii_n win_v apollonius_n their_o commander_n to_o betray_v they_o and_o persuade_v he_o to_o place_v a_o cart_n full_a of_o square_a stone_n at_o the_o very_a entrance_n of_o the_o gate_n at_o the_o make_n of_o a_o certain_a sign_n philip_n sudden_o come_v upon_o the_o townsman_n who_o be_v busy_a in_o shut_v of_o their_o incomber_v gate_n and_o overpower_a they_o 6._o hannibal_n when_o he_o besiege_v tarentum_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o livius_n with_o a_o roman_a guard_n solicit_v a_o certain_a man_n of_o the_o city_n name_v eoneus_n to_o betray_v it_o and_o to_o practice_v this_o subtlety_n that_o he_o shall_v under_o pretence_n of_o hunt_v go_v out_o in_o the_o night_n because_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o enemy_n will_v suffer_v he_o in_o the_o day_n and_o when_o he_o be_v thus_o go_v out_o some_o do_v supply_v he_o with_o wild_a boar_n which_o he_o carry_v to_o livius_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v of_o his_o own_o take_n when_o he_o have_v practise_v this_o often_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o narrow_o observe_v on_o a_o certain_a night_n hannibal_n send_v in_o with_o he_o soldier_n of_o his_o army_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o huntsman_n who_o be_v load_v with_o venison_n which_o they_o have_v in_o their_o hand_n they_o be_v admit_v by_o the_o guard_n and_o sudden_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o slay_v they_o then_o the_o gate_n be_v break_v open_a and_o hannibal_n be_v let_v in_o with_o his_o army_n that_o destroy_v all_o the_o roman_n except_o such_o as_o flee_v to_o the_o castle_n 7._o lysimachus_z king_n of_o the_o macedonian_n when_o he_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n and_o that_o the_o citizen_n have_v a_o certain_a arch-pyrate_n name_v mandrone_n come_v to_o their_o assistance_n who_o do_v often_o go_v thither_o with_o his_o ship_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o prey_n persuade_v he_o to_o be_v a_o traitor_n and_o to_o take_v with_o he_o the_o stout_a man_n of_o his_o army_n with_o their_o hand_n bind_v behind_o as_o captive_n to_o carry_v they_o into_o the_o city_n who_o when_o they_o be_v enter_v they_o take_v up_o arm_n out_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o deliver_v the_o city_n to_o the_o king_n chap._n iu._n by_o what_o mean_v a_o enemy_n may_v be_v drive_v to_o necessity_n example_n 1._o when_o fab._n maximus_n have_v waste_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o field_n of_o campania_n that_o they_o may_v not_o have_v any_o thing_n leave_v to_o encourage_v their_o resolution_n to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v a_o siege_n he_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o sow_a time_n that_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o corn_n which_o be_v leave_v the_o inhabitant_n may_v employ_v it_o in_o seed_n but_o at_o his_o return_n he_o tread_v down_o all_o that_o grow_v up_o and_o by_o reduce_v they_o to_o famine_n he_o oblige_v they_o to_o yield_v 2._o antigonus_n practise_v the_o same_o policy_n against_o the_o athenian_n 3._o after_o that_o dionysius_n have_v take_v many_o city_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o assault_v they_o of_o rhegium_n because_o they_o have_v a_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o provision_n he_o pretend_v a_o peace_n with_o they_o and_o entreat_v they_o to_o supply_v his_o army_n with_o food_n which_o when_o they_o have_v grant_v they_o empty_v for_o he_o the_o granary_n of_o the_o city_n then_o do_v he_o set_v upon_o it_o when_o it_o be_v in_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o take_v it_o 4._o the_o same_o be_v do_v by_o he_o as_o be_v report_v when_o he_o go_v against_o the_o himaerei_fw-la 5._o when_o alexander_n be_v to_o take_v leucadia_n full_a of_o all_o manner_n of_o food_n he_o first_o take_v the_o castle_n that_o be_v about_o the_o border_n and_o suffer_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o retire_v and_o depart_v to_o leucadia_n that_o the_o great_a number_n may_v soon_o
waste_v and_o consume_v their_o victual_n 6._o when_o phalaris_n of_o agrigentum_n have_v a_o design_n upon_o certain_a place_n of_o sicily_n which_o be_v very_o well_o fortify_v he_o pretend_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o store_v up_o with_o they_o all_o the_o wheat_n that_o he_o say_v he_o have_v but_o he_o give_v order_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o til_n of_o the_o granary_n where_o the_o wheat_n be_v put_v shall_v be_v so_o break_v that_o it_o may_v let_v in_o the_o rain_n the_o inhabitant_n trust_v to_o this_o provision_n which_o they_o have_v with_o they_o be_v careless_a of_o their_o own_o store_n so_o that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o summer_n he_o assault_v they_o and_o oblige_v they_o by_o famine_n to_o yield_v chap._n v._o how_o to_o persuade_v that_o a_o siege_n will_v continue_v long_o example_n 1._o when_o clearchus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a have_v understand_v that_o the_o thracian_n have_v carry_v all_o thing_n belong_v to_o food_n into_o the_o mountain_n and_o that_o they_o be_v also_o feed_v with_o the_o hope_n that_o for_o want_n of_o necessary_n he_o will_v be_v force_v to_o depart_v at_o that_o time_n that_o their_o ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o he_o cause_v one_o of_o his_o prisoner_n to_o be_v kill_v before_o they_o and_o to_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n with_o a_o pretence_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v among_o the_o soldier_n for_o their_o food_n the_o thracian_n therefore_o believe_v that_o he_o will_v do_v any_o thing_n to_o continue_v there_o who_o will_v not_o scruple_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o abominable_a food_n surrender_v themselves_o 2._o tiberius_n gracchus_n when_o the_o lusitani_n or_o portugal_n declare_v that_o they_o have_v food_n sufficient_a for_o ten_o year_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o afraid_a of_o a_o siege_n answer_v then_o i_o will_v take_v they_o in_o the_o eleven_o year_n at_o this_o expression_n the_o lusitani_n be_v so_o much_o afraid_a that_o though_o they_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o victual_n yet_o they_o yield_v to_o he_o 3._o when_o a._n torquatus_n besiege_v a_o greek_a city_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n boast_v that_o their_o youngman_n be_v well_o skilled_a in_o the_o use_n of_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o dart_n answer_v i_o will_v sell_v they_o the_o dear_a when_o i_o shall_v overcome_v they_o chap._n vi_o how_o to_o destroy_v the_o enemy_n garrison_n example_n 1._o scipio_n when_o hannibal_n be_v return_v into_o africa_n find_v that_o there_o be_v many_o town_n which_o in_o reason_n will_v be_v useful_a to_o he_o if_o take_v defend_v by_o strong_a garrison_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o therefore_o send_v several_a party_n to_o block_n they_o up_o at_o last_o he_o go_v thither_o with_o his_o army_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v to_o sack_v the_o city_n afterward_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v afraid_a and_o depart_v from_o they_o hannibal_n imagine_v that_o his_o fear_n be_v real_a call_v together_o all_o his_o garrison_n as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o engage_v in_o a_o battle_n by_o that_o mean_v scipio_n have_v what_o he_o desire_v for_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o massinissa_n and_o his_o numidian_n he_o take_v those_o city_n when_o their_o garrison_n be_v go_v 2._o p._n cornelius_n scipio_n understand_v how_o difficult_a it_o be_v to_o take_v delminium_n because_o it_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o concourse_n of_o people_n from_o all_o part_n assault_v first_o other_o town_n which_o cause_v every_o one_o to_o depart_v and_o defend_v his_o own_o city_n by_o that_o mean_v delminium_n be_v empty_v of_o soldier_n and_o force_v to_o yield_v to_o he_o 3._o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n fight_v against_o the_o illyrian_n when_o he_o earnest_o desire_v to_o get_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o nation_n into_o his_o hand_n but_o not_o judge_v it_o feasible_a go_v to_o assault_v the_o other_o to_n by_o that_o mean_v he_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o the_o enemy_n conceive_v that_o their_o chief_a city_n be_v sufficient_o fortify_v go_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o rest_n then_o do_v he_o call_v together_o all_o his_o force_n and_o find_v the_o chief_a city_n empty_a of_o its_o former_a garrison_n he_o take_v it_o by_o force_n 4._o cornelius_n rufinus_n the_o consul_n have_v besiege_v a_o little_a while_o the_o city_n of_o frotona_n to_o no_o purpose_n because_o a_o resolute_a party_n of_o the_o lucani_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o garrison_n defend_v it_o he_o pretend_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o with_o a_o great_a reward_n persuade_v one_o of_o his_o prisoner_n to_o go_v to_o the_o city_n as_o if_o he_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o prison_n to_o persuade_v they_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v go_v the_o inhabitant_n imagine_v that_o this_o be_v true_a send_v away_o their_o auxiliary_a troop_n and_o when_o their_o garrison_n have_v jest_v they_o before_o they_o be_v aware_a he_o easy_o overcome_v and_o take_v they_o 5._o mago_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v beat_v cn._n piso_n and_o force_v he_o to_o fly_v for_o refuge_n to_o a_o certain_a tower_n believe_v that_o some_o force_n will_v come_v to_o relieve_v he_o he_o therefore_o send_v a_o certain_a traitor_n to_o meet_v the_o succour_n that_o be_v come_v and_o to_o tell_v they_o that_o piso_n be_v already_o take_v by_o this_o mean_v he_o discourage_v they_o and_o complete_v the_o victory_n 6._o alcibiades_z in_o sicilia_n desire_v to_o take_v the_o city_n of_o syracuse_n send_v out_o of_o catania_n where_o he_o be_v with_o his_o army_n to_z syracuse_z a_o certain_a cunning_a fellow_n who_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o assembly_n persuade_v they_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o catania_n be_v grievous_o offend_v with_o the_o athenian_n so_o that_o if_o they_o can_v be_v assist_v by_o they_o of_o syracuse_n they_o will_v quick_o overpower_v the_o athenian_n with_o their_o general_n with_o this_o persuasion_n they_o of_o syracuse_n march_v with_o all_o their_o force_n towards_o catania_n and_o leave_v their_o city_n which_o alcibiades_n assault_v another_o way_n and_o find_v it_o empty_a as_o he_o expect_v he_o soon_o master_v it_o cleonymus_n the_o athenian_a assault_v the_o traezenii_n who_o hold_v a_o town_n with_o a_o garrison_n command_v by_o cratenus_n send_v into_o the_o wall_n some_o arrow_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v write_v that_o he_o be_v come_v to_o deliver_v their_o commonwealth_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n show_v himself_o kind_a to_o his_o prisoner_n who_o he_o send_v into_o the_o city_n to_o speak_v ill_o of_o craterus_n by_o this_o policy_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o so_o that_o with_o his_o army_n he_o overcome_v they_o and_o take_v the_o city_n chap._n vii_o of_o turn_v aside_o of_o river_n and_o the_o spoil_n of_o water_n example_n 1._o p._n servilius_n have_v turn_v away_o a_o river_n which_o supply_v the_o enemy_n with_o water_n force_v the_o town_n of_o isaura_n to_o yield_v for_o thirst_n 2._o c._n caesar_n among_o the_o gaul_n reduce_v the_o city_n of_o the_o gadurci_n to_o the_o want_n of_o water_n though_o it_o be_v encompass_v about_o with_o a_o river_n and_o have_v many_o fresh_a spring_n in_o it_o for_o he_o dry_v up_o the_o fountain_n by_o mine_v and_o drive_v they_o away_o from_o the_o river_n by_o his_o archer_n 3._o l._n metellus_n in_o the_o hither_o spain_n turn_v down_o a_o river_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n upon_o the_o enemy_n camp_n which_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o low_a and_o when_o they_o be_v disturb_v with_o the_o sudden_a overflow_a of_o the_o water_n he_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n with_o party_n which_o he_o have_v appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n 4._o alexander_n at_o babylon_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o river_n euphrates_n dig_v a_o ditch_n and_o raise_v a_o bank_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v imagine_v that_o they_o be_v make_v for_o his_o own_o use_n but_o sudden_o he_o turn_v the_o river_n out_o of_o his_o course_n and_o through_o the_o old_a channel_n which_o then_o be_v dry_v up_o yield_v a_o entrance_n he_o march_v into_o the_o city_n 5._o semiramis_n be_v say_v to_o have_v practise_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o turn_v aside_o the_o river_n euphrates_n at_o the_o same_o place_n 6._o clisthenes_n the_o sycionian_a break_v a_o aquaduct_n or_o conduit_n which_o convey_v water_n into_o the_o town_n of_o crisa_n and_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v vex_v with_o thirst_n he_o cause_v the_o water_n to_o run_v again_o in_o the_o same_o conduit_n but_o poson_v it_o with_o hellebore_n or_o the_o juice_n of_o bearsfoot_n of_o which_o they_o who_o make_v use_v fall_v into_o a_o flux_n and_o madness_n so_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o take_v they_o and_o their_o town_n chap._n viii_o how_o to_o terrify_v the_o besiege_a example_n 1._o when_o philippus_n can_v by_o no_o
mean_n take_v the_o castle_n of_o trinassus_n he_o cause_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v cast_v up_o before_o the_o wall_n and_o make_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v undermine_v they_o that_o be_v within_o think_v that_o the_o castle_n will_v be_v pull_v down_o upon_o their_o head_n yield_v it_o up_o to_o he_o 2._o pelopidas_n the_o theban_a resolve_v to_o besiege_v two_o town_n of_o the_o magnete_n which_o be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o he_o approach_v with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o one_o of_o the_o town_n he_o command_v out_o of_o another_o camp_n four_o horseman_n purposely_o to_o ride_v with_o garland_n upon_o their_o head_n with_o a_o notable_a cheerfulness_n as_o if_o they_o come_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o the_o victory_n and_o to_o colour_v the_o matter_n the_o better_a he_o appoint_v that_o a_o wood_n which_o be_v between_o both_o town_n shall_v be_v set_v on_o fire_n and_o show_v the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o burn_a city_n and_o beside_o he_o order_v certain_a captain_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o the_o garb_n of_o the_o country_n all_o these_o appearance_n so_o terrify_v the_o besiege_v that_o judge_v themselves_o partly_o overcome_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o other_o town_n they_o yield_v themselves_o 3._o when_o cyrus_n king_n of_o persia_n have_v shut_v up_o croesus_n within_o the_o wall_n of_o sardis_n on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n where_o a_o steep_a mountain_n hinder_v the_o entrance_n into_o it_o he_o raise_v close_o by_o the_o wall_n certain_a high_a mast_n of_o ship_n equal_v in_o height_n the_o top_n of_o the_o mount_n on_o these_o mast_n he_o put_v the_o image_n of_o arm_a man_n in_o the_o persian_a habit_n and_o in_o the_o night_n he_o bring_v they_o close_o to_o the_o hill_n the_o next_o morning_n he_o assault_v the_o town_n on_o the_o other_o side_n assoon_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v up_o those_o image_n shine_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v arm_a persian_n which_o make_v the_o townsman_n imagine_v that_o the_o city_n be_v take_v behind_o they_o therefore_o they_o flee_v and_o yield_v the_o victory_n to_o cyrus_n army_n chap._n ix_o of_o make_v a_o assault_n by_o that_o side_n of_o a_o town_n which_o be_v least_o expect_v example_n 1._o scipio_n at_o the_o city_n of_o carthage_n at_o the_o ebb_a of_o the_o sea_n be_v wont_a to_o approach_v the_o wall_n with_o his_o army_n following_z as_o he_o pretend_v the_o footstep_n and_o lead_v of_o the_o god_n neptune_n but_o he_o break_v into_o the_o town_n through_o another_o quarter_n where_o he_o be_v not_o expect_v when_o the_o water_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v abate_v 2._o fabius_n maximus_n the_o cunctator_n son_n send_v six_o hundred_o soldier_n in_o the_o dark_a of_o the_o night_n at_o the_o city_n arpus_n hold_v by_o a_o garrison_n of_o hannibal_n when_o he_o have_v consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n to_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v best_a fortify_v and_o therefore_o least_o guard_v that_o they_o may_v climb_v up_o to_o the_o wall_n and_o break_v open_a the_o gate_n they_o be_v favour_v by_o the_o noise_n of_o the_o fall_a water_n which_o make_v the_o garrison_n insensible_a of_o their_o approach_n perform_v their_o order_n whilst_o he_o at_o the_o same_o time_n at_o the_o give_v of_o a_o sign_n assaulted_z the_o town_n by_o another_o side_n and_o take_v it_o 3._o c._n marius_n in_o the_o war_n against_o jugurtha_n near_o the_o river_n mulucha_n besiege_v a_o castle_n seat_v upon_o a_o rocky_a mountain_n unto_o which_o there_o be_v but_o one_o only_a path_n and_o that_o very_o narrow_a that_o lead_v to_o it_o all_o other_o side_n be_v as_o it_o be_v on_o purpose_n make_v steep_a it_o happen_v that_o a_o certain_a common_a soldier_n a_o ligurian_a of_o the_o auxiliary_a troop_n who_o by_o chance_n go_v out_o to_o fetch_v water_n fall_v a_o gather_n of_o snail_n among_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o hill_n climb_v up_o so_o high_a that_o he_o get_v up_o to_o the_o top_n at_o his_o return_n he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o adventure_n to_o marius_n and_o that_o the_o castle_n may_v be_v take_v on_o that_o side_n he_o therefore_o command_v a_o few_o centurion_n with_o the_o nimble_a soldier_n and_o with_o they_o his_o best_a trumpeter_n with_o their_o naked_a head_n and_o foot_n but_o with_o their_o sword_n and_o buckler_n tie_v to_o their_o back_n that_o they_o may_v see_v about_o they_o among_o the_o rock_n and_o climb_v up_o the_o better_a this_o party_n follow_v the_o ligurian_a with_o dart_n and_o long_a nail_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o help_v they_o up_o when_o they_o be_v get_v up_o to_o the_o back_n side_n of_o the_o castle_n which_o be_v not_o guard_v they_o begin_v to_o sound_v their_o trumpet_n and_o to_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v when_o marius_n hear_v this_o he_o encourage_v his_o man_n to_o press_v hard_o upon_o and_o assault_v the_o guard_n more_o furious_o who_o be_v call_v away_o by_o the_o weak_a sort_n because_o they_o think_v the_o castle_n have_v be_v take_v behind_o he_o follow_v they_o so_o close_o that_o he_o take_v the_o castle_n 4._o l._n cornelius_n the_o consul_n conquer_v many_o town_n of_o sardinia_n by_o land_v in_o the_o night_n some_o of_o his_o stout_a soldier_n and_o command_v they_o to_o lie_v conceal_v and_o wait_v the_o time_n when_o he_o shall_v think_v convenient_a to_o land_n with_o his_o navy_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n shall_v meet_v he_o at_o his_o arrival_n and_o be_v draw_v at_o a_o distance_n away_o by_o a_o pretence_n of_o flight_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o that_o then_o they_o shall_v rise_v and_o assault_v the_o forsake_v to_n 5._o when_o pericles_n general_n of_o the_o athenian_n attempt_v upon_o a_o town_n defend_v by_o the_o unanimous_a endeavour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n command_v the_o signal_n to_o be_v give_v and_o the_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v a_o chargewith_o a_o great_a noise_n by_o night_n on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n imagine_v that_o he_o will_v enter_v in_o at_o that_o side_n leave_v those_o gate_n unfurnished_v and_o unguarded_a by_o which_o he_o enter_v and_o take_v the_o city_n 6._o alcibiades_z another_o athenian_a general_n come_v sudden_o upon_o the_o town_n of_o cyzicum_n by_o night_n on_o purpose_n to_o assault_v it_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n cause_v the_o horn_n to_o be_v sound_v which_o make_v the_o inhabitant_n run_v to_o defend_v only_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n where_o they_o imagine_v that_o the_o assault_n be_v give_v whereas_o they_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v all_o by_o that_o mean_v alcibiades_n enter_v the_o town_n by_o that_o side_n where_o there_o be_v no_o resistance_n 7._o thrasybulus_n captain_n of_o the_o milesii_n endeavour_v to_o take_v the_o haven_n of_o the_o sicyonii_fw-la by_o make_v a_o attempt_n by_o land_n and_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o that_o part_n where_o they_o be_v assault_v then_o he_o sudden_o enter_v the_o haven_n and_o take_v it_o 8._o philippus_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o a_o certain_a sea-port-town_n join_v together_o two_o ship_n with_o board_n far_a from_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o build_v on_o they_o tower_n at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o assault_v the_o town_n by_o land_n on_o other_o tower_n which_o draw_v they_o all_o out_o of_o their_o house_n to_o defend_v themselves_o then_o do_v he_o sudden_o approach_v the_o wall_n with_o his_o high_a ship_n and_o take_v they_o on_o that_o side_n where_o there_o be_v no_o opposition_n 9_o when_o pericles_n be_v to_o take_v a_o castle_n of_o the_o peloponnesus_n unto_o which_o there_o be_v but_o two_o avenue_n the_o one_o he_o shut_v in_o with_o a_o deep_a trench_n and_o resolve_v to_o make_v his_o approach_n at_o the_o other_o avenue_n the_o garrison_n think_v themselves_o very_o secure_a on_o the_o other_o side_n mind_v to_o defend_v themselves_o on_o that_o only_a which_o they_o see_v most_o likely_a to_o be_v assault_v then_o do_v pericles_n fling_v a_o bridge_n prepare_v on_o purpose_n over_o the_o trench_n and_o by_o that_o side_n that_o be_v neglect_v he_o take_v the_o castle_n 10._o antiochus_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o ephesian_n command_v the_o ship_n of_o rhodes_n which_o be_v come_v to_o his_o assistance_n to_o enter_v by_o night_n and_o assault_v the_o haven_n with_o a_o great_a noise_n which_o draw_v all_o the_o townsman_n thither_o in_o haste_n by_o that_o mean_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v unfurnished_v and_o he_o make_v a_o attempt_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o take_v the_o city_n chap._n x._o of_o ambush_n to_o draw_v out_o the_o besiege_a example_n 1._o cato_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o
swim_v over_o the_o river_n tiber_n and_o come_v safe_a to_o the_o city_n vejos_n and_o have_v deliver_v his_o message_n he_o return_v by_o the_o same_o way_n to_o the_o besiege_a 2._o when_o they_o of_o campania_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o roman_n who_o watch_v and_o guard_v all_o the_o passage_n they_o send_v one_o who_o they_o persuade_v to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o hide_v a_o letter_n under_o his_o belt_n which_o when_o he_o find_v a_o opportunity_n he_o carry_v to_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n 3._o some_o have_v sow_o letter_n in_o the_o body_n of_o beast_n take_v in_o hunt_v and_o other_o creature_n which_o letter_n be_v write_v in_o parchment_n or_o thin_a skin_n 4._o some_o have_v drive_v beast_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n whilst_o they_o have_v be_v pass_v the_o enemy_n guard_n 5._o other_o have_v write_v their_o letter_n in_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o sheath_n 6._o l._n lucullus_n when_o the_o cyziceni_fw-la be_v besiege_v by_o mithridates_n that_o he_o may_v make_v his_o arrival_n know_v to_o they_o though_o the_o enemy_n keep_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o city_n with_o strong_a guard_n he_o command_v one_o of_o his_o soldier_n a_o little_a skill_a in_o swim_v and_o in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n to_o lean_v upon_o two_o skin_n or_o bladder_n fill_v with_o wind_n which_o have_v letter_n stitch_v in_o the_o inside_n have_v in_o the_o low_a part_n two_o straight_o stick_v fasten_v to_o they_o to_o keep_v the_o bladder_n at_o a_o distance_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n to_o go_v over_o a_o straight_a of_o seven_o mile_n at_o that_o place_n where_o but_o one_o narrow_a and_o small_a bridge_n join_v a_o island_n to_o the_o main_a land_n which_o be_v so_o dexterous_o perform_v by_o this_o common_a soldier_n who_o steer_v his_o course_n with_o his_o leg_n hang_v in_o the_o water_n that_o such_o as_o see_v he_o at_o a_o distance_n and_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n think_v he_o to_o be_v a_o sea-monster_n 7._o hircius_n the_o consul_n send_v often_o letter_n to_o decius_n brutus_n who_o be_v besiege_v by_o antonius_n at_o mutina_n write_v in_o lead_n and_o fasten_v to_o the_o arm_n of_o soldier_n who_o swim_v over_o the_o river_n scultenna_n 8._o the_o same_o hircius_n make_v use_v of_o pigeon_n to_o convey_v letter_n he_o shut_v they_o up_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v very_o hungry_a then_o do_v he_o fasten_v letter_n to_o their_o neck_n bind_v they_o with_o a_o big_a hair_n and_o from_o the_o near_a place_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n he_o let_v they_o fly_v they_o be_v desirous_a of_o light_n and_o food_n mount_v on_o high_a to_o go_v to_o the_o lofty_a house_n where_o brutus_n take_v they_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o be_v make_v acquaint_v with_o all_o passage_n for_o after_o that_o he_o put_v food_n for_o the_o bird_n in_o certain_a place_n and_o so_o make_v the_o pigeon_n to_o sly_a thither_o chap._n fourteen_o how_o to_o put_v in_o succour_n into_o a_o besiege_a place_n and_o supply_v it_o with_o necessary_a food_n example_n 1._o in_o the_o civil_a war_n when_o ategua_n a_o city_n in_o spain_n that_o hold_v for_o pompey_n be_v besiege_v maurus_n or_o martius_n the_o viceroy_n make_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o trumpeter_n of_o one_o of_o caesar_n colonel_n appoint_v to_o visit_v the_o guard_n some_o he_o rouse_v up_o with_o his_o trumpet_n other_o he_o shun_v and_o courageous_o go_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o caesar_n army_n and_o lead_v into_o the_o town_n a_o garrison_n of_o pompey_n 2._o when_o hannibal_n besiege_v casilinum_n a_o city_n of_o campania_n in_o italy_n the_o roman_n send_v down_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o river_n vulturnus_n hogshead_n full_a of_o meal_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a which_o when_o hannibal_n do_v stop_v with_o a_o long_a chain_n over_o the_o river_n they_o scatter_v and_o fling_v nut_n into_o the_o water_n which_o the_o current_n carry_v to_o the_o town_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o their_o fellow_n 3._o hirtius_n the_o consul_n when_o they_o of_o mutina_n be_v besiege_v by_o antonius_n send_v to_o they_o some_o salt_n which_o they_o want_v down_o the_o river_n saniturnus_fw-la put_v up_o in_o pipe_n 4._o the_o same_o consul_n send_v down_o the_o stream_n some_o cattle_n which_o relieve_v the_o besiege_v chap._n xv._o how_o to_o make_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v most_o want_v seem_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o abound_v example_n 1._o the_o roman_n when_o they_o be_v besiege_v in_o the_o capitol_n by_o the_o gaul_n and_o be_v in_o the_o great_a want_n of_o bread_n be_v wont_a to_o fling_v some_o to_o the_o enemy_n by_o that_o mean_v they_o make_v they_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v plenty_n of_o provision_n so_o that_o they_o patient_o endure_v the_o siege_n till_o camillus_n be_v come_v to_o relieve_v they_o 2._o the_o athenian_n besiege_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v say_v to_o have_v do_v the_o like_a 3._o they_o who_o be_v besiege_v at_o casilinum_n by_o hannibal_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o great_a famine_n because_o that_o between_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o city_n he_o have_v spoil_v all_o the_o herb_n that_o can_v serve_v for_o food_n by_o plough_v up_o the_o ground_n but_o they_o fling_v seed_n into_o the_o earth_n prepare_v and_o turn_v up_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o seem_v to_o have_v enough_o to_o keep_v they_o alive_a until_o the_o next_o harvest_n 4._o they_o who_o remain_v alive_a after_o the_o defeat_n of_o varras_n and_o his_o army_n because_o the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o they_o want_v bread_n cause_v the_o prisoner_n to_o be_v lead_v round_o about_o their_o granary_n all_o night_n then_o have_v cut_v off_o their_o hand_n they_o send_v they_o away_o who_o when_o they_o come_v to_o their_o own_o man_n that_o besiege_v the_o roman_n they_o assure_v they_o that_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o a_o speedy_a surrender_n by_o the_o famish_v of_o the_o roman_n because_o they_o have_v such_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o food_n yet_o remain_v 5._o the_o thracian_n besiege_v in_o a_o steep_a and_o high_a mountain_n unto_o which_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o ascend_v gather_v from_o every_o man_n a_o small_a quantity_n of_o corn_n and_o cheese_n with_o which_o they_o feed_v their_o cattle_n which_o they_o drive_v and_o send_v down_o to_o the_o enemy_n guard_n when_o they_o have_v kill_v they_o and_o find_v some_o sign_n of_o wheat_n in_o their_o gut_n they_o imagine_v that_o they_o have_v yet_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n remain_v see_v that_o they_o feed_v their_o cattle_n with_o it_o they_o depart_v therefore_o from_o the_o siege_n 6._o thrasybulus_n captain_n of_o the_o milesii_n when_o his_o soldier_n be_v weary_v with_o a_o long_a siege_n by_o aliatte_n who_o expect_v that_o they_o will_v be_v force_v to_o a_o surrender_n by_o famine_n when_o the_o ambassador_n of_o aliatte_n be_v come_v he_o cause_v all_o the_o corn_n of_o the_o city_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o market_n and_o about_o that_o time_n appoint_v feast_v to_o be_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o table_n to_o be_v cover_v with_o meat_n by_o that_o mean_v he_o persuade_v the_o enemy_n that_o he_o have_v yet_o plenty_n of_o food_n to_o help_v they_o to_o bear_v a_o long_a siege_n chap._n xvi_o by_o what_o mean_v one_o may_v prevent_v traitor_n and_o runaway_n example_n 1._o l._n marcellus_n understand_v the_o design_n of_o batteus_fw-la of_o nola_n who_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v his_o countryman_n to_o fall_v away_o to_o hannibal_n who_o he_o favour_v because_o by_o he_o he_o have_v be_v cure_v of_o his_o wound_n receive_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n and_o have_v be_v send_v home_o from_o his_o captivity_n and_o because_o he_o be_v afraid_a by_o his_o punishment_n to_o stir_v up_o they_o of_o nola_n to_o revenge_n and_o dare_v not_o to_o kill_v he_o he_o send_v for_o he_o and_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o be_v a_o most_o stout_a soldier_n which_o he_o understand_v not_o before_o and_o that_o he_o desire_v that_o he_o will_v continue_v and_o abide_v with_o he_o to_o his_o word_n he_o add_v a_o honour_n for_o he_o bestow_v upon_o he_o a_o horse_n by_o this_o gracious_a proceed_n he_o oblige_v not_o only_o he_o to_o be_v true_a to_o he_o but_o also_o his_o countryman_n who_o be_v govern_v by_o he_o 2._o hamilcar_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n when_o several_a of_o their_o gallic_n auxiliary_n do_v often_o run_v away_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v receive_v as_o their_o friend_n he_o persuade_v some_o that_o be_v most_o faithful_a to_o he_o to_o pretend_v also_o to_o fly_v to_o they_o who_o kill_v some_o that_o be_v send_v out_o to_o receive_v
and_o rescue_v a_o party_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n which_o policy_n do_v not_o only_o help_v hamilcar_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o succeed_v in_o his_o present_a design_n but_o for_o the_o future_a it_o make_v all_o true_a runaway_n to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o roman_n as_o false_a 3._o hanno_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n understand_v that_o four_o thousand_o of_o the_o mercenary_a gaul_n have_v agree_v to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o roman_n because_o they_o want_v the_o pay_n of_o some_o few_o month_n and_o because_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o fear_n of_o a_o sedition_n he_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v reward_v liberal_o the_o injury_n of_o a_o delay_n therefore_o the_o gaul_n have_v return_v he_o thanks_o he_o delay_v the_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n for_o a_o while_n till_o he_o can_v send_v a_o most_o faithful_a servant_n to_o otacilius_n the_o consul_n to_o run_v away_o to_o he_o for_o other_o reason_n who_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o next_o night_n four_o thousand_o gaul_n who_o be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o to_o plunder_n may_v easy_o be_v surprise_v otacilius_n do_v not_o give_v credit_n sudden_o to_o the_o runaway_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v this_o news_n be_v to_o be_v neglect_v he_o therefore_o place_v a_o choice_a company_n of_o his_o man_n in_o ambush_n by_o they_o the_o gaul_n be_v receive_v accomplish_v hanno_fw-la two_o design_n in_o destroy_v the_o roman_n and_o themselves_o for_o they_o be_v all_o cut_v off_o 4._o hannibal_n be_v revenge_v of_o the_o deserter_n of_o his_o army_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n for_o know_v that_o some_o of_o his_o man_n will_v run_v away_o the_o next_o night_n and_o that_o he_o have_v in_o his_o camp_n intelligencer_n and_o spy_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o declare_v public_o that_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v send_v by_o he_o to_o understand_v the_o design_n of_o the_o enemy_n aught_o to_o be_v name_v most_o cunning_a soldier_n what_o the_o spy_n have_v hear_v from_o he_o they_o deliver_v to_o their_o own_o party_n which_o cause_v the_o roman_n to_o take_v the_o runaway_n to_o cut_v off_o their_o hand_n and_o send_v they_o back_o to_o hannibal_n army_n 5._o diodorus_n command_v the_o garrison_n of_o amphipolis_n with_o a_o party_n have_v a_o jealousy_n of_o two_o thousand_o thracian_n who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o plunder_n the_o city_n he_o pretend_v therefore_o that_o some_o few_o of_o the_o enemy_n ship_n be_v come_v near_o a_o neighbour_a shore_n and_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o take_v they_o the_o hope_n of_o this_o advantage_n so_o encourage_v the_o thracian_n that_o they_o march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n then_o do_v he_o cause_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v shut_v and_o will_v entertain_v they_o no_o long_o chap_n xvii_o of_o sally_n example_n 1._o the_o roman_n who_o be_v in_o garrison_n at_o palermo_n when_o hasdrubal_n come_v to_o besiege_v that_o city_n cause_v on_o purpose_n very_o few_o to_o appear_v on_o the_o wall_n to_o defend_v they_o the_o smallness_n of_o their_o number_n be_v so_o contemn_v by_o the_o enemy_n that_o hasdrubul_n assault_v the_o wall_n where_o he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o sally_n 2._o aemilius_z paulus_n when_o all_o the_o ligurian_o make_v a_o attempt_n unexpected_o upon_o his_o camp_n he_o seem_v for_o fear_v to_o keep_v in_o his_o soldier_n till_o the_o enemy_n have_v sufficient_o weary_v themselves_o then_o do_v he_o sally_v out_o of_o his_o four_o gate_n and_o overthrow_v and_o take_v they_o prisoner_n 3._o when_o velius_n a_o roman_a captain_n command_v the_o castle_n of_o tarentum_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o hasdrubal_n that_o he_o will_v suffer_v he_o to_o depart_v in_o safety_n by_o this_o pretence_n he_o make_v the_o enemy_n so_o secure_a that_o when_o he_o sally_v out_o he_o defeat_v they_o 4._o cn._n pompeius_n do_v not_o only_o deliver_v his_o man_n besiege_v in_o the_o city_n of_o dyrrachium_fw-la but_o after_o a_o sally_n which_o he_o make_v in_o a_o very_a convenient_a time_n and_o place_n he_o surround_v caesar_n who_o furious_o break_v out_o of_o a_o castle_n which_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o double_a fortification_n and_o encompass_v he_o in_o round_a so_o that_o between_o the_o besiege_a and_o pompey_n army_n that_o be_v without_o he_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n in_o no_o small_a danger_n and_o receive_v a_o considerable_a loss_n of_o men._n 5._o flavius_z fimbria_n fight_v in_o asia_n against_o the_o son_n of_o mithridates_n near_o the_o town_n of_o rhyndacus_n draw_v a_o trench_n half_a way_n on_o both_o side_n of_o his_o camp_n and_o a_o ditch_n before_o keep_v his_o soldier_n quiet_a on_o the_o rampire_n until_o the_o enemy_n horse_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o straight_a place_n of_o his_o work_n then_o do_v he_o sally_v out_o and_o cut_v off_o six_o thousand_o of_o they_o 6._o c._n caesar_n among_o the_o gaul_n when_o the_o force_n under_o titurius_n sabinus_n and_o cotta_n his_o lieutenant_n be_v defeat_v by_o ambiorix_n and_o that_o q._n cicero_n who_o be_v likewise_o besiege_v send_v he_o this_o sad_a news_n make_v haste_n to_o he_o with_o two_o legion_n but_o when_o the_o enemy_n turn_v to_o meet_v he_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v afraid_a and_o keep_v his_o soldier_n within_o his_o camp_n which_o he_o have_v purposely_o make_v straight_a than_o ordinary_a the_o gaul_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v certain_a of_o the_o victory_n and_o be_v come_v to_o plunder_v the_o roman_a camp_n begin_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o trench_n and_o to_o pull_v down_o the_o palisado_n than_o do_v caesar_n send_v out_o his_o force_n on_o a_o sudden_a and_o cut_v the_o gallic_n soldier_n in_o piece_n 7._o titurius_n sabinus_n when_o a_o vast_a army_n of_o the_o gaul_n come_v against_o he_o keep_v in_o his_o soldier_n within_o his_o fortification_n and_o make_v they_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v afraid_a and_o that_o he_o may_v strengthen_v that_o belief_n he_o send_v out_o a_o runaway_n to_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v in_o despair_n and_o resolve_v to_o fly_v the_o enemy_n be_v encourage_v with_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n load_v themselves_o with_o faggot_n and_o bone_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o trench_n and_o with_o full_a speed_n run_v up_o to_o the_o roman_n camp_n which_o be_v situate_a on_o a_o hill_n from_o whence_o when_o titurius_n have_v send_v out_o his_o whole_a army_n he_o overthrow_v the_o gaul_n and_o take_v many_o of_o they_o prisoner_n 8._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o asculum_n when_o pompey_n come_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n cause_v a_o few_o old_a and_o sick_a folk_n to_o show_v themselves_o from_o the_o wall_n which_o make_v the_o roman_a army_n to_o be_v more_o secure_a and_o careless_a so_o that_o when_o the_o townsman_n sally_v out_o they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n 9_o they_o of_o numantia_n when_o they_o be_v besiege_v draw_v up_o none_o of_o their_o force_n before_o the_o wall_n but_o keep_v themselves_o within_o so_o close_o and_o quiet_a that_o popilius_n lenas_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o scale_v the_o wall_n and_o then_o suspect_v a_o design_n and_o a_o ambush_n for_o at_o that_o instant_n he_o meet_v with_o no_o resistance_n he_o sound_v a_o retreat_n then_o do_v the_o inhabitant_n sally_v out_o and_o assault_v the_o roman_n as_o they_o be_v come_v down_o and_o draw_v back_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o besiege_a example_n 1._o the_o roman_n when_o hannibal_n camp_n be_v before_o their_o wall_n to_o express_v their_o confidence_n send_v out_o by_o another_o gate_n a_o supply_n and_o a_o recruit_v to_o their_o army_n which_o be_v then_o in_o spain_n 2._o the_o same_o roman_n when_o the_o proprietor_n of_o the_o field_n where_o hannibal_n have_v pitch_v his_o camp_n be_v by_o chance_n dead_a sell_v it_o at_o a_o high_a rate_n than_o it_o be_v buy_v by_o he_o before_o the_o war_n 3._o the_o same_o roman_n be_v besiege_v by_o hannibal_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o their_o army_n besiege_v capua_n resolve_v and_o decree_v that_o their_o army_n shall_v not_o come_v away_o from_o thence_o until_o they_o have_v take_v that_o city_n the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n once_o a_o roman_a consul_n the_o introduction_n in_o the_o three_o former_a book_n according_a to_o my_o promise_n as_o i_o suppose_v i_o have_v place_v in_o order_n not_o without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n and_o diligence_n the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n which_o i_o have_v gather_v from_o the_o perusal_n of_o many_o history_n in_o this_o book_n i_o shall_v now_o set_v down_o those_o thing_n which_o can_v not_o fit_o nor_o proper_o be_v place_v under_o the_o former_a head_n and_o which_o may_v be_v rather_o call_v the_o example_n of_o general_n and_o captain_n of_o war_n than_o of_o stratagem_n
of_o war_n which_o i_o have_v therefore_o separate_v because_o though_o they_o be_v sufficient_o know_v they_o be_v of_o another_o kind_n and_o i_o have_v here_o mention_v they_o lest_o any_o shall_v meet_v with_o they_o by_o chance_n in_o read_v and_o by_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v with_o the_o former_a practice_n shall_v unadvised_o think_v they_o to_o be_v omit_v true_o we_o must_v express_v they_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o former_a thing_n and_o as_o before_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o place_v they_o under_o several_a head_n in_o the_o same_o order_n the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o discipline_n of_o war._n chap._n 2._o of_o the_o consequence_n of_o such_o discipline_n chap._n 3._o of_o continency_n chap._n 4._o of_o justice_n chap._n 5._o of_o constancy_n chap._n 6._o of_o affection_n and_o moderation_n chap._n 7._o of_o various_a counsel_n resolution_n and_o advice_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o discipline_n of_o war._n example_n 1._o p._n scipio_n reform_v the_o roman_a army_n spoil_v by_o the_o slothfulness_n of_o their_o former_a general_n by_o send_v away_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o their_o servant_n and_o slave_n and_o oblige_v the_o soldier_n to_o perform_v their_o daily_a exercise_n and_o office_n he_o command_v they_o likewise_o to_o march_v very_o often_o and_o to_o carry_v the_o food_n of_o many_o day_n with_o they_o so_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o soldier_n be_v use_v to_o endure_v the_o cold_a and_o rain_n and_o to_o pass_v on_o foot_n through_o the_o ford_n of_o river_n and_o the_o general_n do_v blame_v and_o exclaim_v against_o timorousness_n and_o sloth_n break_v all_o their_o useless_a vessel_n that_o be_v cumbersome_a in_o their_o expedition_n which_o happen_v very_o remarkable_o to_o c._n mevius_n the_o tribune_n unto_o who_o scipio_n be_v report_v to_o have_v say_v thou_o will_v be_v a_o ill_a man_n to_o i_o for_o a_o little_a while_n but_o to_o thyself_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n always_o 2._o q._n metellus_n in_o the_o war_n against_o jugurtha_n restore_v again_o the_o discipline_n of_o war_n which_o be_v likewise_o decay_v by_o imitate_v the_o same_o severity_n and_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o any_o other_o flesh_n to_o the_o soldier_n but_o what_o be_v by_o himself_o order_v to_o be_v roast_v and_o boil_v 3._o pyrrhus_n use_v to_o say_v to_o such_o as_o he_o send_v to_o gather_v soldier_n choose_v i_o the_o able_a body_n and_o i_o will_v make_v they_o stout_a and_o courageous_a 4._o when_o l._n flaccus_n and_o c._n varro_n be_v consul_n livius_n name_v they_o l._n aemilius_n paulus_n and_o terentius_n varro_n then_o be_v soldier_n first_o make_v by_o take_v a_o oath_n for_o before_o the_o custom_n be_v for_o a_o tribune_n or_o a_o colonel_n to_o ask_v of_o they_o whether_o they_o will_v devote_v themselves_o for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o country_n then_o do_v they_o agree_v together_o and_o promise_v with_o a_o curse_n that_o they_o will_v never_o depart_v to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n or_o for_o fear_n and_o that_o they_o will_v never_o go_v out_o of_o their_o rank_n but_o to_o take_v their_o weapon_n to_o strike_v a_o enemy_n or_o to_o save_v a_o citizen_n 5._o when_o scipio_n africanus_n see_v a_o buckler_n of_o a_o certain_a soldier_n adorn_v more_o beautiful_a than_o the_o rest_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o do_v not_o wonder_v at_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n in_o beautify_v it_o because_o he_o depend_v more_o upon_o it_o for_o his_o safety_n than_o upon_o his_o sword_n 6._o when_o philip_n first_o make_v up_o his_o army_n he_o forbid_v they_o all_o the_o use_n of_o wagon_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v a_o horseman_n to_o have_v more_o than_o one_o servant_n and_o to_o ten_o foot_n soldier_n he_o appoint_v likewise_o a_o servant_n who_o be_v to_o carry_v for_o they_o when_o they_o go_v out_o into_o the_o field_n their_o meat_n and_o their_o rope_n command_v they_o to_o bear_v upon_o their_o back_n the_o meal_n needful_a for_o thirty_o day_n 7._o c._n marius_n to_o shorten_v the_o baggage_n and_o cart_n of_o the_o army_n which_o do_v most_o encumber_v it_o fit_v up_o the_o soldier_n food_n and_o vessel_n needful_a in_o bundle_n hang_v they_o behind_o their_o back_n upon_o crooked_a staff_n which_o be_v easy_a for_o they_o to_o carry_v and_o lean_v upon_o from_o hence_o be_v derive_v the_o proverb_n muli_fw-la mariani_n marius_n be_v mule_n 8._o when_o theagenes_n the_o athenian_a lead_v a_o army_n against_o megara_n he_o answer_v to_o those_o that_o ask_v for_o their_o rank_n and_o place_n that_o he_o will_v appoint_v they_o one_o there_o he_o send_v afterward_o his_o horseman_n before_o secret_o command_v they_o as_o enemy_n to_o assault_v their_o own_o friend_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o approve_v those_o soldier_n that_o he_o have_v to_o meet_v and_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o he_o suffer_v they_o to_o rank_v themselves_o as_o they_o please_v so_o that_o whereas_o the_o most_o timorous_a do_v fall_v back_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o the_o stout_a be_v find_v in_o the_o front_n as_o he_o find_v every_o man_n stand_v in_o that_o manner_n he_o advance_v they_o to_o the_o military_a order_n and_o place_n 9_o lysander_n the_o lacedaemonian_a reprove_v a_o certain_a soldier_n go_v out_o of_o his_o way_n have_v this_o answer_n from_o he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o leave_v his_o company_n to_o steal_v but_o he_o reply_v i_o will_v not_o have_v thou_o give_v the_o least_o suspicion_n of_o stealth_n 10._o when_o antigonus_n hear_v that_o his_o son_n be_v go_v into_o a_o man_n house_n who_o have_v three_o beautiful_a daughter_n i_o hear_v say_v he_o my_o son_n that_o thou_o have_v but_o a_o narrow_a lodging_n where_o so_o many_o dame_n do_v command_v the_o house_n take_v i_o advise_v thou_o a_o large_a dwelling_n and_o he_o order_v he_o to_o depart_v out_o withal_o make_v a_o law_n that_o none_o shall_v under_o fifty_o year_n of_o age_n in_o the_o army_n lodge_v in_o a_o dwell_a house_n 11._o q._n metellus_n the_o consul_n though_o he_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o any_o law_n from_o receive_v his_o son_n always_o in_o his_o tent_n yet_o he_o appoint_v he_o to_o fight_v and_o to_o live_v as_o the_o other_o soldier_n and_o to_o endure_v the_o same_o hardship_n 12._o p._n rutilius_n the_o consul_n though_o the_o law_n suffer_v he_o to_o have_v his_o son_n with_o he_o in_o his_o tent_n yet_o he_o make_v he_o a_o soldier_n in_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n 13._o t._n scaurus_n forbid_v his_o son_n to_o come_v into_o his_o presence_n because_o he_o have_v give_v back_o and_o yield_v ground_n to_o the_o enemy_n in_o a_o wood_n near_o trent_n the_o young_a man_n oppress_v therefore_o with_o grief_n and_o shame_n kill_v himself_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o nation_n ancient_o be_v use_v to_o pitch_v their_o camp_n every_o where_o according_a to_o their_o company_n as_o so_o many_o distinct_a village_n for_o none_o but_o town_n have_v wall_n and_o fortification_n but_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o entrench_v in_o a_o army_n afterward_o the_o roman_n have_v beat_v he_o in_o the_o field_n of_o arusina_fw-la near_o the_o city_n beneventum_n and_o take_v his_o camp_n they_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o pitch_v and_o by_o degree_n be_v now_o arrive_v to_o that_o perfection_n of_o encamp_v which_o be_v now_o in_o use_n 14._o p._n nasica_n be_v in_o his_o winter_n quarter_n though_o he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o a_o fleet_n lest_o the_o soldier_n shall_v be_v spoil_v by_o lazyness_n or_o for_o want_n of_o employment_n be_v tempt_v to_o do_v mischief_n to_o their_o friend_n resolve_v to_o build_v ship_n 15._o m._n cato_n have_v leave_v upon_o record_n that_o some_o of_o his_o fellow-soldier_n be_v condemn_v to_o lose_v their_o hand_n for_o be_v take_v steal_v and_o when_o a_o mild_a punishment_n be_v impose_v they_o be_v let_v blood_n before_o the_o general_n tent._n 16._o clearthus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v to_o his_o army_n that_o a_o commander_n ought_v to_o be_v more_o fear_v than_o a_o enemy_n he_o mean_v by_o those_o who_o be_v afraid_a to_o die_v in_o the_o battle_n but_o if_o they_o run_v away_o a_o certain_a punishment_n and_o execution_n be_v to_o be_v their_o reward_n 17._o the_o judgement_n of_o appius_n claudius_n be_v that_o those_o who_o have_v be_v take_v by_o king_n pyrrhus_n and_o be_v send_v home_o to_o the_o senate_n that_o the_o horseman_n shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o fight_v on_o foot_n the_o footman_n shall_v be_v degrade_v and_o that_o all_o shall_v abide_v out_o of_o their_o trench_n until_o each_o of_o they_o shall_v kill_v and_o produce_v the_o spoil_n of_o two_o man_n of_o their_o enemy_n 18._o otacilius_n crussus_n the_o conful_n command_v those_o who_o have_v
but_o of_o all_o the_o spoil_n he_o convert_v so_o little_a to_o his_o own_o use_n that_o the_o senate_n give_v his_o daughter_n a_o portion_n out_o of_o the_o public_a treasury_n chap._n iu._n of_o justice_n example_n 1._o when_o camillus_n besiege_v the_o falisci_n in_o their_o town_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a schoolmaster_n that_o lead_v the_o child_n of_o some_o of_o the_o falisci_n out_o of_o the_o wall_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v only_o to_o walk_v with_o they_o abroad_o but_o under_o that_o pretence_n he_o deliver_v they_o to_o camillus_n and_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o child_n the_o city_n will_v submit_v to_o he_o camillus_n abhor_v his_o perfidiousness_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o have_v his_o hand_n bind_v behind_o and_o command_v the_o child_n to_o whip_v he_o back_o into_o the_o the_o town_n again_o to_o their_o parent_n by_o this_o just_a deal_n he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n which_o he_o desire_v not_o to_o obtain_v by_o fraud_n for_o this_o equitable_a proceed_v make_v the_o falisci_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o willing_o 2._o the_o physician_n of_o king_n pyrrhus_n go_v to_o fabricius_n general_n for_o the_o roman_n promise_v he_o that_o he_o will_v give_v his_o master_n poison_n if_o beforehand_o he_o may_v have_v the_o assurance_n of_o a_o considerable_a reward_n fabricius_n think_v that_o he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o such_o a_o foul_a deed_n to_o get_v the_o victory_n discover_v the_o plot_n and_o the_o author_n to_o the_o king_n this_o cause_v he_o to_o seek_v and_o desire_v earnest_o the_o roman_n friendship_n chap._n v._o of_o constancy_n example_n 1._o cn_fw-la pompeius_n when_o his_o soldier_n threaten_v to_o plunder_v and_o take_v his_o treasure_n which_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v in_o trumph_n and_o servilus_fw-la and_o glaucia_n two_o roman_n advise_v he_o to_o divide_v it_o among_o they_o to_o prevent_v a_o tumult_n he_o assure_v they_o that_o he_o will_v not_o ride_v in_o triumph_n but_o rather_o die_v than_o to_o yield_v to_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o his_o soldier_n have_v therefore_o reprove_v they_o severe_o in_o a_o speech_n he_o cast_v down_o before_o they_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n carry_v before_o he_o which_o be_v crown_v with_o laurel_n bid_v they_o to_o begin_v their_o plunder_n by_o the_o spoil_n of_o they_o this_o proceed_v make_v they_o so_o ashamed_a that_o they_o continue_v in_o their_o obedience_n 2._o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o a_o sedition_n of_o his_o soldier_n when_o they_o be_v therefore_o the_o bold_a disband_v a_o whole_a legion_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o their_o leader_n with_o his_o axe_n but_o a_o little_a after_o when_o they_o who_o be_v disband_v petition_v for_o a_o pardon_n he_o receive_v they_o again_o and_o they_o prove_v to_o he_o some_o of_o his_o best_a soldier_n 3._o postumius_n who_o have_v be_v consul_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n to_o fight_v and_o when_o they_o demand_v what_o he_o will_v order_v he_o cry_v out_o that_o they_o will_v imitate_v he_o with_o that_o he_o take_v the_o colour_n and_o march_v straight_o against_o the_o enemy_n they_o likewise_o follow_v and_o get_v the_o victory_n 4._o l._n marcellus_n fall_v unadvised_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o gaul_n rid_v round_o about_o to_o spy_v out_o some_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o when_o he_o find_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v possess_v all_o the_o passage_n he_o pray_v to_o the_o god_n and_o break_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n who_o be_v affright_v at_o his_o unexpected_a boldness_n and_o kill_v their_o leader_n so_o that_o when_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o appearance_n to_o escape_v with_o life_n he_o overcome_v the_o general_n and_o carry_v away_o his_o arms._n 5._o when_o l._n paulus_n have_v lose_v his_o army_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n lentulus_n offer_v he_o a_o horse_n to_o fly_v but_o he_o will_v not_o survive_v his_o ill_a success_n which_o have_v not_o be_v occasion_v by_o he_o but_o continue_v upon_o that_o rock_n where_o he_o have_v be_v wound_v and_o against_o which_o he_o lean_v until_o the_o enemy_n come_v overpowr_v and_o kill_v he_o 6._o varro_z his_o partner_n show_v a_o great_a constancy_n after_o that_o defeat_n the_o senate_n and_o people_n return_v he_o their_o thanks_o because_o he_o have_v not_o despair_v of_o defend_v the_o commonwealth_n he_o show_v sufficient_o that_o he_o preserve_v himself_o not_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o live_v so_o much_o as_o out_o of_o a_o love_n for_o his_o country_n for_o he_o let_v his_o beard_n and_o hair_n grow_v out_o to_o a_o length_n and_o never_o after_o will_v rest_v to_o take_v his_o meat_n and_o when_o the_o people_n offer_v he_o honour_n he_o refuse_v they_o say_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v need_n of_o more_o successful_a magistrate_n 7._o sempronius_n surname_v tuditanus_n and_o c._n octavius_n tribunes_z of_o the_o soldier_n when_o all_o be_v lose_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n and_o they_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o lesser_a camp_n persuade_v the_o soldier_n with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o break_v through_o with_o they_o the_o enemy_n guard_n assure_v they_o that_o this_o be_v their_o resolution_n though_o none_o shall_v have_v the_o courage_n beside_o themselves_o there_o be_v but_o twelve_o partly_o horseman_n partly_o footman_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n who_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o keep_v they_o company_n and_o with_o these_o they_o come_v safe_a to_o canusium_n a_o roman_a garrison_n 8._o c._n fontejus_fw-la crassus_n in_o spain_n go_v out_o to_o forage_v with_o three_o thousand_o man_n be_v surround_v in_o a_o difficult_a passage_n by_o hasdrubal_n he_o acquaint_v only_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o his_o soldier_n with_o his_o design_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o night_n when_o he_o be_v least_o expect_v he_o break_v through_o the_o enemy_n post_n 9_o p._n dicius_fw-la the_o tribune_n in_o the_o samnitick_a war_n when_o cornelius_n cossus_n the_o consul_n be_v catch_v in_o a_o difficult_a place_n advise_v he_o to_o send_v a_o small_a party_n to_o possess_v a_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o offer_v himself_o to_o lead_v that_o party_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o another_o place_n and_o open_v a_o way_n for_o the_o consul_n to_o escape_v but_o in_o that_o station_n they_o besiege_v derius_n and_o surround_v he_o he_o in_o the_o night_n sally_v out_o of_o those_o strait_n and_o come_v safe_a with_o his_o soldier_n to_o the_o consul_n 10._o the_o same_o policy_n be_v practise_v under_o the_o command_n of_o attilius_n calatinus_n the_o consul_n by_o he_o who_o name_n be_v various_o record_v some_o call_v he_o laberius_n other_o q._n ceditius_n many_o calpurnius_n flamma_n when_o this_o man_n see_v his_o army_n lead_v into_o such_o a_o valley_n where_o all_o the_o hill_n round_o about_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n he_o desire_v the_o consul_n to_o give_v he_o the_o head_v of_o three_o hundred_o man_n which_o be_v grant_v he_o exhort_v they_o by_o their_o courage_n to_o save_v their_o army_n with_o this_o party_n he_o run_v down_o into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o valley_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n on_o all_o side_n come_v to_o destroy_v they_o he_o detain_v they_o so_o long_o in_o a_o sharp_a fight_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v time_n to_o draw_v and_o lead_v out_o his_o army_n 11._o c._n caesar_n march_v against_o the_o german_n and_o their_o king_n ariovistus_n with_o his_o army_n perceive_v that_o his_o soldier_n be_v terrify_v he_o call_v they_o together_o therefore_o and_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o will_v make_v use_v that_o day_n of_o none_o of_o his_o legion_n but_o only_o of_o the_o ten_o legion_n by_o this_o say_n he_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n of_o that_o legion_n to_o behave_v themselves_o most_o manful_o and_o the_o other_o be_v move_v with_o shame_n to_o fight_v that_o the_o other_o may_v not_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o honour_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o field_n 12._o a_o certain_a noble_a man_n of_o lacedaemon_n when_o king_n philip_n threaten_v to_o punish_v they_o with_o fines_n if_o they_o do_v not_o deliver_v up_o their_o city_n answer_v he_o can_v never_o hinder_v we_o from_o die_v for_o our_o country_n 13._o leonidas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a when_o one_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o persian_n with_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o arrrow_n will_v make_v a_o cloud_n answer_v we_o shall_v then_o fight_v the_o better_a in_o the_o shade_n 14._o when_o caelius_n the_o city_n praeaor_n be_v do_v justice_n in_o the_o seat_n of_o judicature_n a_o magpie_n pitch_v upon_o his_o head_n and_o the_o roman_a soothsayer_n tell_v he_o that_o if_o he_o do_v let_v go_v the_o bird_n the_o enemy_n will_v obtain_v the_o victory_n over_o the_o roman_n but_o if_o he_o kill_v the_o bird_n
contain_v they_o may_v afford_v a_o encouragement_n to_o the_o fire_n 10._o hannibal_n show_v to_o king_n antiochus_n how_o he_o shall_v cast_v pot_n full_a of_o viper_n into_o their_o enemy_n ship_n which_o so_o affright_v the_o soldier_n that_o they_o be_v thereby_o hinder_v from_o resist_v and_o from_o the_o government_n of_o their_o ship_n 11._o prusias_n practise_v the_o same_o policy_n when_o his_o fleet_n give_v back_o 12._o when_o m._n parcius_fw-la in_o a_o furious_a manner_n break_v though_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v thereby_o trouble_v and_o out_o of_o order_n porcius_n take_v a_o advantage_n of_o it_o cause_v his_o man_n to_o take_v the_o carthaginian_a arm_n and_o hang_v out_o their_o colour_n by_o that_o mean_n under_o the_o appearance_n of_o friend_n he_o deceive_v and_o sink_v several_a of_o their_o ship_n 13._o when_o the_o athenian_n have_v be_v assault_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o their_o festival_n day_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o honour_n of_o minerva_n out_o of_o the_o city_n they_o continue_v the_o appearance_n of_o such_o as_o be_v wont_a to_o honour_v the_o goddess_n only_o under_o their_o coat_n they_o have_v hide_v their_o weapon_n when_o they_o have_v perform_v their_o accusiomed_a worship_n they_o return_v not_o immediate_o to_o athens_n but_o from_o thence_o in_o a_o speedy_a manner_n they_o haste_v to_o lacedaemon_n at_o that_o time_n when_o they_o be_v least_o expect_v and_o plunder_v all_o their_o enemy_n country_n at_o their_o pleasure_n whereas_o a_o little_a before_o they_o have_v be_v plunder_v by_o they_o 14._o cassius_n take_v some_o ship_n of_o burden_n which_o be_v scarce_o useful_a and_o fire_v they_o he_o send_v they_o before_o the_o wind_n among_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n and_o set_v they_o all_o a_o fire_n 15._o m._n lucius_n have_v defeat_v hasdrubal_n some_o advise_v he_o to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n till_o they_o have_v total_o destroy_v they_o pray_v say_v he_o let_v some_o of_o they_o remain_v alive_a who_o may_v declare_v our_o victory_n to_o the_o enemy_n 16._o scipio_n africanus_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v good_a policy_n not_o only_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o fly_v but_o also_o to_o secure_v it_o to_o they_o 17._o pericles_z the_o athenian_a promise_v his_o enemy_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v safe_a if_o they_o will_v cast_v down_o their_o weapon_n which_o when_o they_o have_v do_v he_o command_v all_o that_o have_v in_o their_o armour_n iron_n buckler_n to_o be_v slay_v 18._o when_o hasdrubal_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o border_n of_o numidia_n to_o subdue_v they_o and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n prepare_v to_o resist_v he_o he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v come_v only_o to_o hunt_v elephant_n which_o be_v plentiful_a in_o numidia_n and_o if_o they_o will_v suffer_v he_o he_o promise_v to_o do_v they_o no_o harm_n they_o believe_v he_o and_o call_v back_o their_o force_n than_o do_v they_o assault_v and_o subdue_v they_o 19_o alcetas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a that_o he_o may_v more_o easy_o surprise_v a_o convey_v of_o victual_n sail_v to_o thebes_n unexpected_a provide_v some_o ship_n in_o a_o secret_a place_n show_v but_o one_o galley_n in_o which_o by_o turn_n he_o exercise_v his_o mariner_n but_o in_o a_o convenient_a time_n when_o the_o theban_n be_v sail_v by_o he_o send_v out_o all_o his_o ship_n against_o they_o and_o take_v all_o their_o provision_n 20._o ptolomeus_n have_v but_o a_o weak_a army_n when_o he_o march_v against_o perdiccas_n who_o be_v the_o strong_a in_o force_n take_v all_o sort_n of_o beast_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o draw_v behind_o they_o cart_n and_o to_o be_v drive_v forward_o by_o a_o few_o horseman_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o march_v before_o with_o what_o troop_n he_o have_v with_o he_o so_o that_o the_o dust_n raise_v by_o the_o cattle_n give_v a_o appearance_n of_o a_o vast_a army_n that_o follow_v behind_o which_o think_v so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n 21._o myronides_n the_o athenian_a go_v against_o the_o theban_n who_o be_v more_o numerous_a in_o horse_n when_o his_o foot_n come_v into_o the_o plain_a field_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o if_o they_o do_v keep_v their_o grovod_fw-la they_o will_v be_v safe_a but_o if_o they_o yield_v they_o will_v be_v destroy_v by_o this_o speech_n he_o confirm_v his_o soldier_n and_o get_v the_o victory_n 22._o l._n pinaron_n be_v governor_n in_o sicily_n of_o the_o town_n ennae_fw-la when_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n desire_v he_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o key_n of_o the_o gate_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o custody_n to_o they_o he_o have_v a_o jealousy_n of_o they_o that_o they_o intend_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n he_o desire_v therefore_o one_o night_n space_n to_o consider_v of_o it_o inform_v secret_o his_o soldier_n of_o the_o treachery_n of_o those_o greek_n he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v ready_a the_o next_o day_n and_o expect_v the_o signal_n the_o next_o morning_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o tell_v the_o magistrate_n that_o he_o will_v deliver_v up_o the_o key_n if_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n desire_v it_o for_o that_o purpose_n all_o the_o citizen_n be_v call_v into_o the_o theatre_n demand_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o key_n by_o this_o he_o understand_v of_o their_o purpose_n to_o revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n he_o immediate_o therefore_o give_v order_n to_o his_o soldier_n to_o fall_v on_o and_o kill_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n 23._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a general_n take_v the_o colour_n at_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n and_o sail_v to_o a_o town_n of_o which_o he_o have_v a_o jealousy_n and_o when_o at_o his_o land_n he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a expression_n of_o joy_n he_o find_v out_o their_o unconstancy_n and_o plunder_v the_o town_n 24._o tiberius_n gracchus_n declare_v public_o that_o he_o will_v give_v liberty_n to_o all_o the_o volunteer_n who_o behave_v themselves_o manful_o but_o that_o he_o will_v crucify_v the_o coward_n when_o therefore_o four_o thousand_o of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v slothful_a in_o the_o fight_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o threaten_v punishment_n be_v gather_v together_o on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n he_o send_v to_o tell_v they_o that_o his_o whole_a army_n of_o volunteer_n in_o his_o judgement_n have_v get_v the_o victory_n see_v the_o enemy_n be_v flee_v by_o this_o say_n he_o deliver_v they_o from_o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o obedience_n 25._o hannibal_n after_o the_o battle_n at_o the_o lake_n of_o thrasginerus_n where_o the_o roman_n receive_v so_o great_a a_o loss_n when_o he_o have_v get_v into_o his_o power_n six_o thousand_o of_o his_o enemy_n by_o a_o agreement_n he_o send_v away_o all_o the_o confederate_n of_o the_o latin_a country_n and_o speak_v gracious_o to_o they_o say_v that_o he_o be_v come_v into_o italy_n to_o make_v war_n to_o free_v the_o country_n from_o the_o roman_a slavery_n and_o by_o their_o mean_n some_o of_o the_o people_n surrender_v themselves_o to_o he_o 26._o magro_n when_o the_o locri_n be_v besiege_v by_o crispinus_n admiral_n of_o the_o roman_a fleet_n cause_v a_o report_n to_o be_v spread_v abroad_o in_o the_o roman_a camp_n that_o hannibal_n have_v kill_v marcellus_n and_o be_v come_v with_o his_o army_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o the_o town_n have_v therefore_o secret_o send_v out_o a_o party_n of_o horse_n he_o order_v they_o to_o show_v themselves_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o be_v in_o sight_n when_o crispinus_n see_v they_o he_o imagine_v that_o hannibal_n be_v real_o come_v he_o therefore_o haste_v with_o his_o army_n on_o shipboard_n and_o flee_v 27._o scipio_n aemilianus_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o numantia_n place_v his_o bowman_n and_o slinger_n not_o only_o between_o his_o cohorte_n but_o also_o between_o every_o century_n or_o company_n of_o foot_n 28._o pelopidas_n thebanus_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o thessalian_n and_o have_v sound_v the_o depth_n of_o a_o river_n over_o which_o he_o have_v hasty_o cast_v a_o bridge_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o make_v use_n of_o it_o also_o to_o pass_v over_o he_o command_v the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n to_o burn_v the_o bridge_n 29._o when_o the_o roman_a cavalry_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n encounter_v with_o the_o horseman_n of_o campania_n q._n naevius_n a_o captain_n in_o the_o army_n of_o fulvius_n flaccus_n the_o proconsul_n find_v a_o way_n to_o strengthen_v they_o he_o cause_v out_o of_o all_o the_o army_n some_o of_o the_o nimble_a footman_n to_o be_v choose_v who_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a stature_n he_o furnish_v they_o with_o round_a and_o little_a buckler_n with_o head-piece_n sword_n and_o seven_o spear_n every_o one_o about_o four_o foot_n
provide_v to_o resist_v a_o ambush_n be_v lay_v to_o catch_v some_o of_o the_o emperor_n force_n but_o several_a of_o the_o bulgarian_a nobility_n discontent_v at_o telerichus_n reveal_v all_o the_o danger_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o manage_v and_o improve_v that_o discovery_n so_o well_o that_o he_o take_v all_o that_o lay_v in_o ambush_n for_o he_o without_o shed_v a_o drop_n of_o his_o people_n blood_n telerichus_n understand_v that_o some_o have_v reveal_v this_o plot_n to_o the_o emperor_n but_o not_o know_v who_o they_o may_v be_v he_o find_v they_o out_o in_o this_o manner_n he_o pretend_v that_o he_o will_v willing_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o emperor_n and_o submit_v to_o he_o upon_o certain_a condition_n and_o to_o show_v that_o he_o have_v such_o a_o real_a and_o hearty_a design_n he_o desire_v he_o to_o name_v some_o of_o his_o officer_n and_o noble_a man_n who_o be_v most_o please_v to_o he_o they_o he_o promise_v to_o send_v and_o to_o entrust_v with_o the_o management_n of_o this_o agreement_n between_o they_o the_o emperor_n not_o imagine_v the_o subtlety_n of_o telerichus_n name_v those_o very_a man_n to_o be_v commissioner_n who_o have_v reveal_v all_o their_o prince_n design_n and_o plot_n to_o he_o telerichus_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o know_v they_o put_v they_o all_o to_o death_n and_o punish_v they_o for_o their_o treason_n chap._n xii_o how_o the_o empress_n irene_n overcome_v such_o as_o be_v of_o a_o faction_n contrary_a to_o she_o there_o be_v a_o great_a stir_n in_o the_o eastern_a empire_n about_o the_o image_n of_o the_o church_n they_o have_v be_v cast_v out_o by_o leo_n isaurus_n and_o his_o successor_n constantine_n copronymus_n and_o leo_n the_o four_o and_o those_o who_o be_v for_o image_n be_v banish_v and_o several_a punish_v but_o it_o happen_v that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o leo_n irene_n his_o widow_n appoint_v to_o be_v governess_n of_o the_o empire_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o her_o son_n re-establishes_a the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o call_v home_o all_o that_o have_v be_v banish_v these_o and_o other_o proceed_n meet_v with_o great_a opposition_n as_o be_v usual_a where_o two_o strong_a faction_n be_v in_o a_o kingdom_n she_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o number_n and_o power_n of_o those_o that_o do_v dislike_v her_o action_n resolve_n to_o dis-arm_n they_o and_o to_o colour_v her_o malicious_a purpose_n against_o they_o she_o pretend_v a_o expedition_n against_o the_o saracen_n who_o be_v break_v in_o upon_o the_o roman_a province_n and_o that_o she_o want_v arm_n to_o furnish_v her_o army_n and_o therefore_o desire_v to_o borrow_v they_o from_o her_o citizen_n the_o officer_n who_o be_v send_v be_v order_v to_o take_v none_o but_o from_o those_o who_o join_v not_o with_o she_o in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v yield_v up_o their_o arm_n which_o they_o do_v the_o more_o willing_o because_o they_o think_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v employ_v against_o the_o common_a enemy_n she_o banish_v they_o out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o take_v away_o their_o good_n and_o estate_n chap._n xiii_o how_o pope_n gregory_n the_o four_o betray_v the_o emperor_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o unnatural_a son_n the_o son_n of_o this_o emperor_n be_v rise_v in_o rebellion_n against_o he_o and_o have_v raise_v a_o considerable_a army_n with_o a_o design_n to_o fight_v with_o their_o father_n near_o basil_n the_o pope_n who_o election_n the_o emperor_n have_v with_o some_o difficulty_n allow_v come_v to_o the_o army_n with_o a_o pretence_n to_o make_v peace_n between_o the_o father_n and_o his_o son_n but_o with_o a_o real_a intent_n to_o find_v some_o opportunity_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o godly_a emperor_n at_o his_o arrival_n he_o find_v the_o emperor_n army_n the_o strong_a and_o ready_a to_o give_v battle_n to_o prevent_v the_o mischief_n that_o be_v like_a to_o fall_v upon_o the_o son_n who_o he_o secret_o favour_v and_o who_o he_o have_v stir_v up_o against_o their_o father_n he_o go_v over_o to_o the_o emperor_n army_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v to_o reconcile_v the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n together_o but_o as_o it_o appear_v afterward_o it_o be_v to_o get_v some_o time_n that_o the_o emperor_n army_n may_v be_v prevail_v with_o by_o his_o cunning_a follower_n to_o forsake_v their_o lord_n and_o to_o join_v with_o the_o young_a men._n this_o negotiation_n be_v carry_v on_o so_o subtile_o and_o secret_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n and_o by_o sow_v the_o seed_n of_o discontent_n in_o the_o army_n that_o when_o they_o be_v draw_v out_o to_o fight_n they_o go_v over_o to_o the_o son_n army_n and_o forsake_v the_o poor_a age_a emperor_n who_o be_v then_o force_v to_o cast_v himself_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o wicked_a and_o rebellious_a son_n who_o shut_v he_o up_o in_o prison_n but_o this_o unnatural_a deed_n stir_v up_o the_o emperor_n friend_n to_o procure_v he_o in_o a_o short_a time_n his_o liberty_n chap._n fourteen_o how_o the_o emperor_n basil_n be_v deceive_v twice_o once_o by_o a_o monk_n next_o by_o a_o parrot_n this_o emperor_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o see_v again_o his_o son_n constantine_n who_o be_v late_o dead_a a_o monk_n name_v theodorus_n a_o repute_a necromancer_n undertake_v to_o show_v he_o again_o alive_a which_o he_o do_v in_o so_o lively_a a_o manner_n that_o the_o emperor_n admire_v he_o but_o his_o son_n leo_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v of_o it_o accuse_v theodorus_n of_o witchcraft_n but_o can_v do_v he_o no_o prejudice_n because_o of_o the_o emperor_n extraordinary_a favour_n that_o he_o do_v bear_v to_o he_o but_o theodorus_n resolve_v to_o be_v revenge_v on_o leo_n he_o persuade_v therefore_o the_o young_a man_n to_o carry_v secret_o a_o dagger_n in_o his_o boot_n as_o a_o spell_n to_o preserve_v he_o from_o all_o kind_n of_o wound_n leo_n believe_v theodorus_n who_o go_v to_o the_o father_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o his_o son_n leo_n intend_v to_o kill_v he_o and_o for_o that_o purpose_n he_o carry_v secret_o in_o his_o boot_n a_o short_a dagger_n search_v be_v make_v and_o the_o dagger_n find_v and_o leo_n be_v without_o further_a examination_n shut_v up_o in_o prison_n at_o which_o the_o people_n be_v much_o afflict_v cry_v up_o and_o down_o the_o street_n alas_o lord_n leo_n which_o word_n a_o parrot_n belong_v to_o the_o court_n hear_v and_o learned_a to_o speak_v when_o the_o emperor_n be_v at_o dinner_n the_o parrot_n cry_v often_o alas_o lord_n leo._n these_o word_n speak_v by_o the_o bird_n so_o prevail_v upon_o his_o mind_n for_o he_o fancy_v the_o bird_n to_o have_v speak_v they_o by_o some_o divine_a inspiration_n that_o he_o release_v and_o hear_v his_o son_n justification_n be_v thereunto_o earnest_o entreat_v also_o by_o the_o common_a people_n who_o have_v for_o he_o a_o great_a respect_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v find_v out_o the_o wicked_a knavery_n of_o theodorus_n chap._n xv._o how_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v take_v casual_o by_o the_o run_n of_o a_o hare_n arnulphus_n the_o first_o emperor_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n be_v invite_v by_o pope_n formosus_fw-la into_o italy_n to_o assist_v he_o against_o his_o enemy_n and_o a_o contrary_a faction_n he_o take_v many_o town_n and_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o rome_n unto_o which_o he_o have_v give_v several_a fierce_a assault_n but_o in_o vain_a for_o it_o be_v stout_o defend_v by_o the_o citizen_n at_o last_o when_o arnulphus_n despair_v to_o take_v it_o by_o force_n and_o be_v go_v to_o raise_v his_o siege_n it_o happen_v that_o a_o hare_n run_v before_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o breach_n the_o soldier_n give_v immediate_o a_o great_a shout_n and_o hollow_a run_v after_o the_o hare_n the_o guard_n upon_o the_o wall_n think_v they_o be_v come_v to_o give_v a_o assault_n to_o the_o city_n in_o a_o panic_n fear_v haste_v away_o and_o forsake_v their_o station_n and_o charge_n which_o as_o the_o soldier_n of_o arnulphus_n perceive_v they_o enter_v the_o town_n and_o take_v the_o city_n thus_o be_v rome_n once_o surprise_v by_o the_o guidance_n of_o a_o hare_n such_o casual_a accident_n have_v ofttimes_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n in_o time_n of_o war_n when_o man_n apprehension_n be_v awake_a and_o their_o mind_n ready_a to_o receive_v any_o impression_n the_o least_o surprise_n or_o strange_a thing_n unexpected_a weaken_v their_o resolution_n and_o make_v they_o less_o able_a to_o resist_v a_o enemy_n therefore_o wise_a general_n have_v often_o put_v in_o practice_n thing_n of_o themselves_o ridiculous_a at_o other_o time_n which_o in_o war_n have_v put_v the_o stout_a enemy_n to_o flight_n and_o overcome_v the_o brave_a courageous_a for_o than_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v contemn_v that_o may_v either_o dismay_v or_o disorder_v a_o enemy_n
thousand_o common_a soldier_n though_o the_o enemy_n be_v flee_v the_o king_n for_o the_o public_a safety_n command_v his_o army_n to_o stand_v in_o array_n for_o the_o earl_n of_o faulconbridge_n sudden_o appear_v with_o 600_o horse_n to_o take_v the_o english_a upon_o a_o advantage_n but_o they_o be_v soon_o rout_v after_o this_o solemn_z thanks_o be_v give_v there_o to_o god_n and_o the_o soldier_n have_v then_o liberty_n to_o take_v the_o plunder_n of_o the_o field_n from_o thence_o king_n henry_n march_v to_o chalice_n load_v with_o riches_n and_o honour_n the_o next_o year_n with_o a_o new_a army_n he_o land_v in_o normandy_n besiege_v and_o take_v caen_n and_o all_o the_o chief_a town_n invite_v by_o the_o king_n promise_n yield_v without_o resistance_n only_a rohan_n be_v well_o man_v and_o fortify_v hold_v out_o so_o long_o till_o famine_n scale_v the_o wall_n and_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o english_a bedford_z and_z the_o earl_n of_o huntingdon_n return_v likewise_o with_o victory_n over_o the_o french_a fleet._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o war_n the_o english_a have_v no_o assistance_n but_o from_o their_o own_o skill_n and_o valour_n and_o from_o the_o divide_a state_n of_o france_n and_o the_o discontent_n of_o the_o grandee_n who_o common_o find_v fault_n with_o one_o another_o in_o a_o unsuccessful_a war._n but_o there_o happen_v a_o action_n which_o mighty_o increase_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o english_a the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n the_o dolphin_n enemy_n seek_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o he_o for_o the_o public_a good_a the_o dolphin_n though_o he_o profess_v much_o kindness_n take_v his_o advantage_n and_o murder_v the_o duke_n the_o earl_n of_o carolois_n the_o duke_n elder_a son_n seek_v to_o be_v revenge_v on_o the_o murderer_n and_o therefore_o from_o thence_o favour_v king_n henry_n claim_n a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v by_o which_o king_n henry_n be_v proclaim_v regent_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o france_n and_o he_o marry_v with_o catherine_n the_o french_a king_n daughter_n all_o these_o sudden_a success_n of_o the_o english_a be_v owe_v to_o the_o young_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n revenge_n the_o french_a king_n weakness_n and_o the_o dolphin_n unjust_a deal_n for_o he_o have_v purchase_v to_o himself_o many_o enemy_n by_o the_o illegal_a murder_n of_o great_a man_n chief_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n a_o foreign_a enemy_n have_v a_o great_a advantage_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n when_o a_o potent_a person_n or_o a_o considerable_a party_n join_v with_o or_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o conquest_n the_o dolphin_n though_o he_o be_v discourage_v by_o the_o french_a king_n rejection_n and_o the_o defection_n of_o many_o town_n he_o gather_v his_o force_n and_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o english_a victory_n and_o joy_n by_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o battle_n wherein_o 2000_o english_a be_v surprise_v and_o slay_v with_o the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n the_o king_n brother_n the_o earl_n of_o tankerville_n and_o kent_n and_o the_o lord_n ross_n only_o for_o want_v of_o a_o right_a intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n state_n and_o number_n the_o duke_n be_v persuade_v by_o a_o deceitful_a scout_n to_o leave_v behind_o he_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o army_n and_o engage_v the_o french_a army_n only_o with_o his_o horse_n too_o much_o confidence_n and_o valour_n have_v be_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o stout_a and_o best_a general_n of_o former_a age_n the_o dolphin_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o burgundy_n employ_v fire_n and_o sword_n to_o destroy_v his_o country_n but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n pursue_v he_o from_o one_o city_n to_o another_o till_o he_o fall_v sick_a by_o the_o way_n in_o march_v towards_o burgundy_n which_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v carry_v back_o to_o bois_n d'vnicerme_n where_o after_o he_o have_v give_v order_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o return_v thanks_o to_o god_n for_o his_o conquest_n he_o depart_v this_o troublesome_a life_n leave_v by_o his_o 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civility_n and_o kindness_n but_o when_o discord_n happen_v to_o be_v between_o the_o english_a lord_n and_o they_o suffer_v the_o the_o soldier_n to_o oppress_v the_o native_n of_o france_n the_o city_n fall_v away_o from_o they_o apace_o yet_o lord_n john_n clifford_n take_v pouthois_n when_o the_o english_a interest_n begin_v to_o decay_v in_o a_o snowy_a and_o frosty_a night_n he_o cause_v all_o his_o party_n to_o clothe_v themselves_o in_o white_a and_o in_o that_o colour_n he_o scale_v the_o wall_n undiscovered_a put_v most_o part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o plunder_v the_o town_n yet_o for_o all_o the_o brave_a exploit_n and_o courageous_a endeavour_n of_o several_a english_a commander_n within_o a_o few_o year_n all_o france_n be_v lose_v with_o aquitain_n and_o normandy_n through_o the_o division_n of_o the_o english_a the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o falsehood_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o native_n and_o the_o presumption_n and_o negligence_n 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send_v governor_n into_o the_o netherlands_o he_o invite_v alexander_n the_o young_a duke_n of_o parma_n into_o the_o low_a country_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o gemblack_a between_o john_n of_o austria_n and_o the_o state_n alexander_n perceive_v the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o march_v in_o a_o crooked_a and_o uneven_a way_n give_v notice_n of_o it_o to_o the_o general_n and_o without_o expect_v any_o return_n cause_v some_o spanish_a commander_n to_o assault_v they_o in_o the_o front_n and_o upon_o the_o flank_n which_o be_v perform_v with_o that_o gallantry_n that_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o run_v back_o upon_o their_o foot_n which_o they_o break_v and_o disorder_v so_o that_o 10000_o be_v there_o slay_v and_o take_v in_o half_a a_o hour_n time_n and_o but_o nine_o of_o the_o spanish_a army_n be_v find_v want_v all_o their_o carriage_n and_o gun_n be_v there_o take_v with_o their_o general_n and_o several_a nobleman_n this_o great_a victory_n
escape_v by_o flight_n resolve_v to_o encourage_v his_o small_a party_n to_o stand_v the_o encounter_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o cause_v his_o carabine_n to_o march_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o to_o stand_v ready_a for_o a_o charge_n whilst_o he_o divide_v his_o lance_n into_o three_o part_n which_o he_o cause_v at_o a_o signal_n give_v to_o ride_v from_o three_o several_a place_n furious_o towards_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o see_v from_o divers_a place_n several_a troop_n of_o horse_n ride_v up_o to_o charge_v they_o and_o hear_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o trumpet_n which_o the_o marquis_n cause_v to_o be_v sound_v in_o the_o valley_n as_o if_o there_o be_v a_o great_a body_n of_o man_n come_v up_o to_o charge_v they_o they_o all_o run_v away_o and_o give_v a_o easy_a victory_n to_o the_o marquis_n who_o in_o half_a a_o hour_n time_n kill_v a_o great_a many_o in_o the_o pursuit_n take_v three_o colour_n two_o hundred_o horse_n and_o and_o one_o hundred_o prisoner_n thus_o by_o the_o mistake_n and_o deceit_n of_o the_o eyesight_n be_v this_o party_n rout_v and_o when_o fear_n cause_v man_n to_o fly_v away_o a_o small_a number_n be_v sufficient_a to_o continue_v the_o chase_n and_o hinder_v they_o from_o rally_v chap._n xliv_o of_o henry_n de_fw-fr lorain_n duke_n of_o guise_n and_o how_o he_o defeat_v the_o great_a army_n of_o german_n in_o france_n the_o protestant_a prince_n of_o germany_n be_v solicit_v by_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n send_v abowt_n five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr dona_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o boillion_n to_o his_o assistance_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n with_o a_o fly_a army_n of_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o man_n wait_v upon_o they_o from_o the_o border_n of_o lorain_n to_o cut_v off_o provision_n and_o at_o all_o advantage_n to_o ruin_n and_o destroy_v they_o in_o their_o march_n towards_o the_o fruitful_a country_n 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guard_n nor_o perdues_z nor_o any_o baricado_n to_o hinder_v the_o assault_n of_o a_o enemy_n so_o secure_a these_o german_n lie_v therefore_o the_o duke_n of_o guise_n enter_v the_o great_a street_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v full_a of_o cart_n and_o wagon_n belong_v to_o the_o german_a army_n soon_o overpowr_v those_o that_o first_o make_v resistance_n and_o then_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o house_n burn_v and_o kill_v above_o a_o thousand_o german_n and_o take_v from_o they_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o plunder_n with_o 1200_o horse_n but_o when_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr dona_n have_v rally_v his_o troop_n to_o make_v resistance_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n fear_v to_o be_v surround_v retreat_v back_o to_o montagis_n with_o rich_a spoil_n and_o much_o honour_n this_o loss_n though_o it_o be_v not_o great_a yet_o destroy_v the_o whole_a german_a army_n by_o breed_v a_o discontent_n between_o officer_n and_o soldier_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o distrust_v the_o capacity_n of_o their_o general_n who_o from_o vimory_n lead_v they_o into_o beauste_n to_o the_o town_n of_o anneau_n where_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n which_o a_o certain_a captain_n have_v undertake_v to_o defend_v against_o all_o the_o german_a army_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n with_o a_o very_a small_a party_n pursue_v they_o and_o resolve_v to_o beat_v up_o their_o quarter_n once_o more_o and_o for_o that_o purpose_n have_v agree_v with_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o castle_n to_o receive_v in_o by_o night_n his_o infantry_n he_o with_o all_o his_o cavalry_n round_o about_o the_o town_n stand_v ready_a to_o cut_v in_o piece_n those_o that_o shall_v offer_v to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n the_o infantry_n at_o break_n of_o day_n sally_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n into_o the_o town_n surprise_v the_o german_n unprovided_a kill_v about_o 3000_o of_o they_o take_v five_o hundred_o prisoner_n with_o their_o bag_n and_o baggage_n and_o their_o wagon_n and_o plate_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n that_o quarter_v in_o the_o neighbour_a village_n be_v so_o discourage_v that_o they_o send_v to_o agree_v with_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._n to_o suffer_v they_o to_o return_v home_o into_o their_o own_o country_n so_o that_o of_o this_o great_a army_n scarce_o 4000_o be_v leave_v alive_a for_o in_o their_o return_n they_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o country_n people_n chap._n xlv_o of_o gustavus_n adolphus_n king_n of_o swedeland_n and_o his_o brave_a action_n in_o germany_n and_o poland_n this_o prince_n have_v be_v successful_a in_o all_o his_o war_n first_o against_o the_o muscovite_n and_o polander_n for_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n claim_v the_o crown_n of_o swede_n as_o his_o natural_a inheritance_n the_o war_n continue_v very_o fierce_a many_o year_n but_o the_o swede_n for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v the_o victory_n and_o take_v several_a town_n from_o the_o pole_n newburg_n and_o straisburg_n be_v take_v by_o a_o new_a invention_n of_o a_o certain_a engineer_n name_v elias_n tripus_n 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