lancashire_n receive_v their_o denomination_n from_o that_o people_n by_o a_o easy_a corruption_n as_o to_o the_o king_n of_o mercia_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o this_o province_n in_o that_o famous_a heptarchy_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o first_o of_o the_o royal_a list_n be_v by_o holinshed_n call_v crida_n who_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n wibba_n anno_fw-la dom._n 595_o this_o king_n have_v war_n with_o the_o northumber_n and_o slaughter_a twelve_o hundred_o monk_n at_o bangor_n anno_fw-la dom._n 604_o as_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o computation_n make_v by_o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o bede_n ecclesiastical_a history_n this_o city_n till_o now_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o britain_n but_o their_o king_n be_v defeat_v it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o northumber_n as_o malmesbury_n testify_v but_o as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n observe_v they_o be_v stop_v by_o the_o british_a force_n under_o the_o command_n of_o bledrick_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n manaduc_n duke_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o cadwan_n duke_n of_o north_n wales_n who_o slay_v ten_o thousand_o of_o their_o soldier_n and_o force_v they_o to_o retreat_v to_o their_o own_o country_n north_n of_o trent_n cadwan_n be_v now_o crown_v king_n in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n as_o dr._n powel_n gyraldus_n in_o his_o description_n of_o wales_n and_o dr._n llwyd_v affirm_v ceolus_fw-la brother_n of_o wibba_n be_v the_o next_o mercian_n king_n and_o penda_n the_o son_n of_o wibba_n succeed_v he_o anno_fw-la dom._n 625._o he_o be_v a_o great_a warrior_n and_o succeed_v by_o peada_n the_o son_n of_o penda_n anno_fw-la dom._n 655._o he_o marry_v alfleda_n daughter_n of_o oswy_a upon_o condition_n he_o will_v turn_v christian_n as_o florentinus_n testify_v and_o be_v baptize_v by_o finanus_fw-la in_o the_o king_n of_o northumberland_n palace_n afterward_o he_o found_v the_o stately_a abbey_n of_o peterborough_n he_o be_v succeed_v by_o king_n oswey_n as_o bede_n relate_v who_o be_v dethrone_v by_o three_o captain_n immin_n eada_n and_o eadberht_n and_o wulferus_fw-la fix_v on_o the_o mercian_n throne_n he_o be_v the_o second_o son_n of_o penda_n and_o begin_v his_o reign_n 658_o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v unfortunate_a but_o at_o length_n gain_v the_o chief_a rule_n over_o the_o saxon_n etheldred_n succeed_v he_o a._n d._n 676_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n this_o prince_n change_v his_o crown_n into_o a_o cowl_n and_o become_v a_o monk_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o bardny_n in_o lincolnshire_n as_o the_o monast._n angl._n inform_v we_o upon_o this_o resignation_n of_o the_o throne_n kenred_n the_o son_n of_o wulfer_n ascend_v it_o he_o take_v a_o journey_n to_o rome_n a._n d._n 709_o become_v one_o of_o the_o religious_a and_o die_v there_o cheldred_n the_o son_n of_o etheldred_n succeed_v next_o in_o 716_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o litchfield_n in_o staffordshire_n ethelbald_n the_o son_n of_o alwey_n the_o son_n of_o eoppa_n the_o son_n of_o wibba_n begin_v his_o reign_n the_o same_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o saxon_a annal_n he_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o and_o give_v a_o charter_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o crowland_n in_o lincolnshire_n he_o be_v powerful_a in_o arm_n and_o lead_v a_o great_a army_n against_o somerton_n castle_n six_o mile_n from_o glastenbury_n in_o somersetshire_n an._n 757_o he_o be_v slay_v at_o sekinton_n in_o warwickshire_n and_o bury_v at_o repton_n in_o derbyshire_n his_o death_n be_v bring_v about_o by_o his_o own_o subject_n especial_o bernr_v who_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o mercian_n kingdom_n he_o lose_v his_o kingdom_n to_o offa_n his_o successor_n for_o his_o parentage_n and_o progeny_n not_o be_v know_v the_o legality_n of_o his_o right_n be_v suspect_v so_o he_o be_v depose_v and_o afterward_o burn_v after_o his_o engagement_n with_o offa_n egfrid_n the_o son_n of_o king_n offa_n succeed_v he_o who_o reign_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o one_o day_n he_o be_v bury_v at_o st._n alban_n and_o succeed_v by_o kenulph_n in_o seven_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o six_o in_o his_o reign_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n waste_v the_o welsh_a territory_n and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o chester_n from_o they_o he_o die_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchcomb_n in_o gloucestershire_n an._n eight_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o as_o malmsbury_n testify_v kenelm_n succeed_v he_o a_o infant_n and_o he_o as_o ingulph_n report_v die_v a_o martyr_n some_o say_v he_o be_v murder_v and_o bury_v at_o clent_n in_o staffordshire_n ceoluph_n be_v expel_v his_o kingdom_n by_o bernulf_n who_o be_v a_o usurper_n and_o begin_v his_o reign_n an._n eight_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o two_o he_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o the_o east_n angle_n ludican_n his_o kinsman_n begin_v his_o reign_n in_o 826_o and_o he_o likewise_o be_v slay_v in_o battle_n by_o the_o east_n angle_n whitnaff_n of_o the_o mercian_n blood_n royal_a be_v choose_v king_n before_o he_o understand_v martial_a discipline_n he_o be_v overthrow_v in_o a_o battle_n by_o egbert_n captain_n and_o abscond_v in_o a_o monastery_n as_o huntingdon_n testify_v he_o die_v in_o eight_o hundred_o and_o forty_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o repton_n in_o derbyshire_n bertulph_n brother_n of_o whitnaff_n by_o permission_n of_o the_o saxon_a monarch_n obtain_v the_o mercian_n kingdom_n an._n eight_o hundred_o and_o forty_o eight_o in_o the_o year_n eight_o hundred_o and_o forty_o nine_o king_n alfred_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o who_o age_n the_o dane_n come_v into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n with_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o nine_o ship_n with_o who_o bertulph_n have_v a_o unhappy_a engagement_n as_o hoveden_n testify_v he_o die_v in_o eight_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o three_o in_o that_o year_n burthr_v ascend_v the_o mercian_n throne_n and_o be_v assault_v by_o the_o dane_n this_o king_n die_v at_o rome_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o english_a college_n there_o dedicate_v to_o the_o virgin_n mary_n selulfe_n a_o servant_n of_o his_o be_v substitute_v by_o the_o dane_n in_o his_o room_n in_o eight_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o five_o and_o bind_v by_o oath_n to_o keep_v possession_n in_o their_o name_n as_o the_o saxon_a annal_n assure_v we_o he_o command_v the_o danish_a army_n against_o king_n alfred_n an._n eight_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o seven_o in_o the_o year_n eight_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o six_o after_o king_n alfred_n have_v overpower_v his_o enemy_n he_o make_v etheldred_n duke_n of_o mercia_n and_o captain_n of_o his_o force_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o so_o the_o mercian_n kingdom_n end_v and_o instead_o of_o king_n the_o noble_a alfred_n substitute_v duke_n under_o he_o to_o govern_v it_o which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 886_o as_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n testify_v it_o have_v continue_v under_o the_o reign_n of_o twenty_o two_o king_n from_o king_n crida_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o mercia_n etheldred_n one_o of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o king_n of_o mercia_n be_v constitute_v duke_n he_o marry_v elfleda_n the_o daughter_n of_o alfred_n the_o dane_n in_o 894_o take_v the_o city_n of_o chester_n but_o be_v therein_o besiege_v and_o reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n and_o they_o quit_v it_o in_o 908_o as_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n affirm_v this_o duke_n and_o his_o lady_n repair_v the_o city_n of_o chester_n and_o wall_v it_o about_o he_o be_v bury_v at_o gloucester_n afterward_o elfle_v rule_v and_o build_v edesbury_n once_o a_o famous_a city_n now_o nothing_o but_o rubbish_n it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v the_o chamber_n of_o the_o forest._n near_o this_o place_n be_v many_o fortification_n and_o foss_n she_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o britain_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o brecknock_n take_v it_o and_o therein_o their_o queen_n and_o thirty_o three_o prisoner_n she_o have_v a_o war_n with_o the_o dane_n at_o derby_n assaulted_z the_o castle_n and_o take_v it_o she_o die_v at_o tamworth_n the_o thirteen_o of_o july_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o porch_n of_o st._n peter_n elswina_n the_o daughter_n of_o etheldred_n succeed_v she_o an._n 919._o the_o city_n of_o chester_n in_o 941_o be_v surprise_v by_o the_o welsh_a and_o win_v again_o by_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a who_o five_o son_n edward_n marry_v this_o elswina_n as_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n testify_v who_o be_v mother_n to_o king_n edgar_n at_o this_o time_n the_o dane_n still_o usurp_v some_o part_n of_o england_n alfarus_fw-la be_v the_o next_o duke_n of_o mercia_n alfric_n the_o son_n of_o alfar_n succeed_v he_o in_o 986_o who_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v engage_v the_o danish_a army_n counterfeit_v a_o infirmity_n to_o the_o dishonour_n of_o the_o nation_n edrick_n the_o son_n of_o egilricus_fw-la be_v the_o six_o
be_v much_o great_a and_o consequent_o the_o pressure_n more_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v what_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o our_o learned_a warden_n the_o rev_n d_o dr._n wroe_n who_o for_o several_a year_n have_v keep_v a_o exact_a diary_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n he_o always_o observe_v the_o quicksilver_n upon_o its_o ascend_n to_o alter_v its_o surface_n insomuch_o as_o in_o very_o dry_a wether_n to_o become_v perfect_o convex_a and_o upon_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o air_n to_o a_o wet_a temper_n to_o alter_v to_o a_o plain_a surface_n and_o in_o extreme_a wet_a wether_n to_o a_o perfect_a concave_n the_o mercurial_a particle_n hang_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n by_o this_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o beside_o the_o ascent_n make_v by_o the_o pressure_n there_o be_v another_o also_o make_v by_o the_o intestine_a fermentation_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n and_o in_o this_o i_o be_o the_o far_o confirm_v since_o quicksilver_n in_o glass_n tube_v hermetical_o seal_v have_v be_v observe_v to_o rise_v and_o fall_v which_o can_v not_o be_v be_v the_o ascent_n by_o pressure_n whole_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n contain_v in_o the_o cup._n another_o thing_n remarkable_a in_o the_o air_n be_v the_o expose_v open_o dry_v leave_n of_o tobacco_n which_o in_o the_o hot_a day_n do_v soon_o grow_v moist_a for_o which_o no_o other_o reason_n can_v be_v assign_v but_o the_o exhalation_n in_o hot_a wether_n be_v far_o great_a and_o consequent_o the_o aqueous_a particle_n more_o numerous_o range_v in_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o drop_n of_o rain_n be_v then_o usual_o large_a and_o perhaps_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o bigness_n of_o hailstone_n may_v in_o some_o measure_n be_v solve_v cheshire_n a_o county_n palatine_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n famous_a for_o its_o earl_n who_o have_v a_o palatine_a jurisdiction_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n hold_v of_o they_o as_o in_o chief_a and_o be_v under_o a_o sovereign_a allegiance_n and_o fealty_n to_o they_o as_o they_o to_z the_o king_n this_o county_n be_v ancient_o inhabit_a by_o part_n of_o the_o cornavii_n the_o air_n there_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v more_o healthful_a and_o mild_a than_o in_o lancashire_n this_o county_n not_o so_o much_o abound_v with_o fen_n salt-marsh_n and_o mosses_n what_o be_v say_v more_o of_o the_o air_n in_o lancashire_n may_v serve_v as_o to_o this_o place_n and_o as_o to_o its_o far_a antiquity_n the_o follow_a account_n may_v be_v add_v according_a to_o sir_n thomas_n elliot_n the_o first_o name_n give_v to_o this_o city_n be_v neomagus_n so_o call_v from_o magus_n son_n of_o samothe_n son_n of_o japhet_n its_o founder_n see_v lambert_n pag._n 17_o the_o about_o 240_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n be_v this_o account_n true_a for_o aught_o i_o know_v it_o may_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o the_o most_o antique_a city_n in_o the_o universe_n its_o second_o name_n be_v caerleon_n see_v albion_n mareoticus_n so_o nominate_v from_o leon_n vaur_n or_o gaver_n who_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o be_v a_o giant_n in_o albion_n and_o one_o of_o its_o restorer_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o conjecture_n i_o suppose_v may_v in_o some_o measure_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o follow_a history_n i._n e._n upon_o a_o giant_n be_v skull_n be_v dug_n up_o in_o pepper-street_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bone_n upon_o the_o britain_n come_v over_o and_o settle_v there_o it_o be_v afterward_o call_v caerleil_n and_o afterward_o caerleir_n because_o these_o two_o british_a king_n be_v enlarger_n and_o beautifier_n of_o it_o according_a to_o jackson_n stow_n and_o other_o before_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o roman_n here_o it_o be_v probable_a this_o city_n be_v call_v genuina_fw-la or_o gunia_n as_o will_n more_o full_o appear_v from_o the_o inscription_n of_o a_o votive_a altar_n dig_v up_o in_o this_o city_n and_o dedicate_v to_o jupiter_n tanar_n that_o be_v in_o the_o welsh_a language_n the_o thunderer_n which_o language_n it_o be_v likely_a the_o roman_n may_v make_v use_n of_o in_o this_o inscription_n to_o demonstrate_v their_o conquest_n over_o the_o britain_n after_o the_o roman_n have_v fix_v here_o their_o conquer_a legion_n style_v valens_n &_o victrix_n it_o be_v then_o style_v caerlheon_n caerlegion_n or_o as_o it_o be_v otherwise_o common_o call_v ardourdwy_n and_o caer_n by_o way_n of_o excellence_n as_o mr._n cambden_n observe_v to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o other_o caerleon_n or_o caerusk_n in_o south_n wales_n the_o latin_a historian_n style_v it_o cestria_n that_o be_v a_o castris_fw-la which_o the_o roman_n have_v fix_v there_o and_o leincestria_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o the_o legion_n it_o have_v likewise_o be_v style_v as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o roman_a tile_n dig_v up_o there_o deunana_n deva_n and_o devana_n civitas_n and_o these_o name_n i_o presume_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o it_o from_o its_o proximity_n to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi in_o late_a age_n it_o be_v style_v legan-chester_n lege-cestre_a but_o in_o these_o day_n west-chester_n or_o chester_n as_o the_o greek_n express_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o denote_v its_o preference_n to_o dorchester_n or_o rochester_n by_o ptolemy_n it_o be_v sometime_o call_v oxcellum_fw-la uxcellum_fw-la plegimundham_n and_o leogria_n or_o locrine_n land_n of_o which_o the_o three_o first_o denote_v no_o more_o as_o hollingshed_n observe_v in_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o his_o chronicle_n of_o england_n than_o a_o rock_n a_o island_n or_o place_n of_o strong_a defence_n by_o which_o we_o may_v easy_o observe_v that_o this_o be_v the_o boundary_a of_o king_n locrinus_n kingdom_n westward_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o ordovices_n before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o roman_n as_o most_o of_o our_o ancient_a historian_n do_v affirm_v those_o people_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o north_n wales_n the_o greatness_n of_o this_o ancient_a city_n be_v still_o the_o more_o conspicuous_a from_o those_o stately_a remain_n of_o its_o ruin_n i_o mean_v the_o subterraneous_a vault_n in_o cellar_n through_o freestone_n rock_n the_o entrance_n into_o they_o be_v range_v into_o several_a angle_n and_o by_o what_o i_o can_v learn_v from_o the_o description_n of_o the_o catacomb_n in_o italy_n we_o may_v reasonable_o conclude_v these_o to_o have_v be_v make_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n this_o instance_n sufficient_o demonstrate_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o roman_a power_n at_o chester_n and_o likewise_o that_o it_o be_v probable_a since_o by_o their_o conquer_a legion_n there_o they_o have_v block_v up_o the_o britain_n in_o wales_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o only_o to_o keep_v incorporate_v while_o live_v but_o likewise_o to_o preserve_v even_o their_o very_a ash_n together_o in_o these_o passage_n have_v be_v find_v several_a roman_a coin_n as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v which_o more_o full_o illustrate_v these_o vault_n to_o have_v be_v heathen_a and_o not_o those_o subterraneous_a passage_n make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o monk_n which_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o various_a monastery_n this_o may_v be_v see_v in_o a_o cellar_n in_o bridge-street_n belong_v to_o mr._n john_n minshull_n derbyshire_n be_v ancient_o inhabit_a by_o the_o coritani_n who_o these_o be_v as_o well_o as_o the_o cornavii_n be_v uncertain_a the_o air_n in_o the_o peak_n of_o that_o country_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o rains_n and_o wind_n than_o in_o lancashire_n and_o cheshire_n and_o it_o be_v not_o unpleasant_a to_o see_v the_o cloud_n ride_v after_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n which_o by_o dash_v upon_o they_o be_v frequent_o force_v down_o in_o shower_n and_o by_o the_o sudden_a rarefaction_n of_o the_o meteor_n in_o the_o air_n pen_v up_o betwixt_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o cloud_n and_o get_v vent_n in_o the_o space_n betwixt_o the_o hill_n i_o think_v may_v fair_o illustrate_v why_o wind_n be_v in_o those_o part_n so_o frequent_a but_o this_o will_v be_v more_o easy_o conceive_v if_o we_o consider_v those_o artificial_a wind_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o aeolipile_n which_o instrument_n it_o be_v give_v i_o the_o first_o hint_n of_o dulcify_a salt-water_n which_o experiment_n i_o show_v to_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n some_o year_n before_o mr._n fitz-gerald_n have_v a_o patent_n for_o do_v it_o who_o communicate_v this_o experiment_n to_o he_o i_o know_v not_o but_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a it_o be_v not_o his_o own_o have_v now_o give_v account_n of_o what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a in_o the_o air_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o next_o element_n and_o that_o be_v water_n but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o that_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o add_v two_o remarkable_a observation_n the_o first_o be_v to_o illustrate_v the_o elasticity_n of_o
but_o in_o dry_a wether_n and_o we_o may_v reasonable_o suppose_v there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o boat_n of_o all_o fort_n belong_v to_o so_o large_a a_o fort_n and_o city_n the_o anchor-hill_n so_o call_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o little_a dock_n or_o hithe_n for_o the_o building_n or_o repair_v they_o and_o that_o the_o anchor_n ring_n and_o nail_n there_o find_v be_v only_o for_o then_o use_v and_o not_o for_o ship_n they_o be_v far_o too_o little_a either_o for_o ship_n of_o burden_n or_o war._n we_o can_v right_o make_v out_o what_o legion_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v plant_v here_o by_o any_o of_o the_o noble_a ruin_n we_o disclose_v however_o by_o what_o have_v be_v discover_v both_o the_o antiquity_n and_o grandeur_n of_o the_o place_n will_v be_v clear_o represent_v and_o our_o modern_a observation_n be_v no_o small_a supplement_n to_o the_o more_o ancient_a one_o where_o mr._n cambden_n and_o other_o have_v save_v i_o the_o trouble_v i_o shall_v fair_o name_v they_o in_o order_n and_o in_o conclusion_n add_v my_o own_o the_o first_o inscription_n mr._n cambden_n take_v notice_n of_o be_v at_o salisbury-hall_n on_o the_o pedestal_n of_o a_o pillar_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v deo_fw-la marti_fw-la et_fw-la victoriae_n dd._n augg_n et_fw-fr cc_o nn._n and_o in_o the_o wall_n adjoin_v to_o it_o be_v another_o stone_n with_o the_o portraiture_n of_o cupid_n and_o another_o little_a image_n and_o in_o the_o backside_n of_o it_o be_v this_o inscription_n seoseam_fw-la rolnason_n osalvedn_n al._n q._n q._n sar_n brevenm_fw-la bedianis_fw-la antoni_fw-la we_o meg_n vi_o i_fw-mi domv_fw-la eliter_fw-la these_o mr._n cambden_n suppose_v to_o be_v british_a name_n of_o place_n but_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o that_o can_v be_v make_v out_o but_o rather_o look_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v the_o name_n of_o officer_n in_o a_o wing_n of_o the_o sarmatian_n al._n q._n q._n sar_n denote_v the_o ala_fw-la sarmatum_fw-la or_o a_o wing_n of_o the_o sarmatians_n of_o which_o tacitus_n give_v a_o full_a account_n osalvedn_n may_v probable_o signify_v oswald_n town_n the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o osbaldstones_n still_o reside_v there_o so_o that_o these_o name_n may_v not_o only_o be_v british_n but_o likewise_o roman_n and_o sarmatian_a his_o next_o account_n be_v of_o a_o fair_a altar_n with_o this_o inscription_n this_o matribus_n m._n ingenvi_n we_o a'siaticvs_n *_o dec_n al._n ast_n ss_z ll._n m._n the_o signification_n of_o which_o as_o cambden_n himself_o be_v silent_a so_o i_o refer_v it_o to_o other_o antiquary_n to_o discuss_v however_o upon_o my_o be_v last_o at_o oxford_n i_o receive_v there_o the_o satisfaction_n to_o find_v that_o juno_n and_o diana_n be_v constant_o call_v by_o the_o roman_n deae_fw-la matres_fw-la and_o the_o further_a explication_n of_o this_o altar_n be_v that_o ingenuis_fw-la a_o asiatic_n one_o of_o the_o decuriones_fw-la of_o the_o asturian_n wing_n dedicate_v this_o altar_n to_o the_o mother_n goddess_n juno_n and_o diana_n another_o little_a altar_n he_o see_v cast_v out_o among_o the_o rubbish_n with_o this_o inscription_n pacife_n ro_n marti_fw-la elegaur_fw-la basilius_n posv_v it_o exit_fw-la vo_o to_o this_o altar_n from_o its_o smallness_n mr._n cambden_n take_v to_o have_v be_v some_o poor_a man_n altar_n to_o carry_v about_o with_o he_o and_o to_o have_v be_v for_o offer_v incense_n salt_n and_o flower_n but_o to_o i_o this_o interpretation_n seem_v more_o reasonable_a from_o the_o very_a word_n themselves_o at_o length_n that_o elegaurba_n doubtless_o a_o commander_n there_o dedicate_v this_o altar_n to_o mars_n after_o some_o signal_n overthrow_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o thence_o peace_n ensue_v he_o style_v he_o pacifero_fw-la but_o who_o this_o elegaurba_n be_v or_o what_o country_n man_n i_o pretend_v not_o to_o determine_v he_o speak_v also_o of_o another_o stone_n dig_v up_o with_o the_o portraiture_n of_o a_o naked_a man_n on_o horseback_n without_o bridle_n or_o saddle_n brandish_v his_o spear_n with_o both_o hand_n and_o insult_v over_o a_o naked_a man_n prostrate_v who_o hold_v out_o before_o he_o a_o kind_n of_o square_a piece_n between_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o person_n prostrate_v stand_v the_o letter_n d._n m._n under_o the_o prostrate_a man_n be_v gal._n sarmata_n there_o be_v other_o letter_n too_o deface_v to_o guess_v at_o one_o will_v imagine_v say_v he_o both_o from_o the_o former_a inscription_n and_o this_o that_o be_v find_v many_o year_n ago_o that_o a_o wing_n of_o the_o sarmatae_n have_v their_o station_n here_o his_o terris_fw-la tegitur_fw-la ael_n matrona_fw-la qv_fw-la vix_fw-la an._n xxviii_o m_o ii_o d_o viii_o et_fw-la m._n julius_n maximus_n fil._n vix_fw-la a_fw-la vi._n m_o iii_o d_o xx._n et_fw-fr cam_n pania_fw-la dubba_n mater_fw-la vix_fw-la an._n l._n julius_n maximus_n alae_n sar_n coniux_n coniugi_n incomparabili_fw-la et_fw-la filio_fw-la patri_fw-la pientis_fw-la simo_n et_fw-la socerae_fw-la tena_n cissimae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la p._n this_o inscription_n as_o i_o take_v it_o may_v be_v thus_o translate_v aael_n a_o matron_n who_o live_v 28_o year_n two_o month_n and_o eight_o day_n in_o this_o earth_n lie_v entomb_v and_o marcus_n julius_n maximus_n her_o son_n who_o live_v six_o year_n three_o month_n and_o twenty_o day_n and_o campania_n dubba_o her_o mother_n who_o live_v fifty_o year_n julius_n maximus_n and_o alae_n a_o sarmatian_a wife_n to_o her_o incomparable_a husband_n erect_v this_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o simo_n the_o son_n of_o a_o pious_a father_n and_o his_o father_n in_o law_n now_o the_o word_n asiaticus_n in_o the_o inscription_n beginning_n with_o this_o matribus_fw-la and_o in_o that_o precede_a it_o beginning_n with_o seoseam_n and_o in_o this_o last_o of_o all_o that_o word_n sar_n be_v repeat_v it_o make_v it_o more_o probable_a to_o i_o that_o sarmatia_n be_v a_o part_n of_o asia_n and_o likewise_o part_v of_o europe_n contain_v poland_n russia_n muscovy_n and_o most_o of_o tartary_n from_o which_o vast_a country_n the_o phoenician_n be_v a_o industrious_a and_o trade_a people_n transplant_v several_a colony_n hither_o and_o on_o the_o portraiture_n of_o the_o naked_a man_n these_o word_n gal._n sarmata_n be_v find_v too_o do_v far_a illustrate_v these_o people_n call_v brigantes_n reside_v here_o to_o be_v for_o a_o great_a part_n asiatic_o of_o which_o mr._n camden_n take_v no_o notice_n thus_o far_o and_o no_o far_a mr._n camden_n proceed_v in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o note_a station_n but_o as_o to_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o the_o place_n he_o say_v ptolemy_n style_v it_o rigodunum_n and_o that_o be_v corrupt_v from_o ribodunum_n may_v not_o be_v unlike_o ribbochester_n it_o be_v his_o opinion_n likewise_o the_o town_n of_o preston_n call_v so_o from_o the_o religious_a quasi_fw-la priest_n town_n spring_v from_o the_o ruin_n of_o this_o remarkable_a city_n which_o may_v be_v ruin_v by_o war_n or_o earthquake_n i_o shall_v now_o acquaint_v the_o reader_n with_o my_o own_o observation_n make_v in_o this_o present_a year_n 1699_o when_o i_o be_v upon_o the_o place_n which_o give_v i_o a_o new_a and_o different_a prospect_n of_o matter_n above_o what_o he_o have_v recite_v the_o first_o remarkable_a piece_n of_o antiquity_n i_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v a_o fortification_n call_v anchor-hill_n because_o anchor_n have_v sometime_o be_v find_v there_o under_o ground_n with_o ring_n and_o nail_n of_o small_a vessel_n roman_a paterae_n of_o a_o metal_n like_o that_o of_o our_o china_n teapot_n with_o the_o effigy_n of_o wolf_n and_o flower_n upon_o they_o and_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o these_o letter_n fab._n pro._n which_o doubtless_o must_v be_v in_o the_o time_n when_o some_o one_o of_o the_o fabii_n be_v proconsul_n or_o procurator_n from_o anchor-hill_n there_o go_v a_o way_n to_o preston_n and_o a_o road_n to_o lancaster_n where_o there_o be_v another_o fortification_n and_o a_o roman_a wall_n another_o road_n likewise_o direct_v to_o mancunium_n or_o manchester_n where_o be_v a_o fortress_n call_v the_o giant_n or_o torquins_n castle_n and_o doubtless_o that_o be_v their_o highway_n to_o devona_n or_o chester_n where_o the_o twenty_o legion_n style_v valens_n and_o victrix_n be_v fix_v chester_n be_v then_o a_o blockade_n to_o the_o britain_n in_o wales_n not_o far_o from_o this_o fortification_n call_v anchor-hill_n at_o ribchester_n i_o see_v a_o common-shore_n and_o a_o floor_n compose_v of_o roman_a tile_n which_o absolute_o demonstrate_v the_o river_n there_o be_v never_o navigable_a for_o have_v it_o be_v so_o that_o city_n must_v unavoidable_o have_v be_v under_o water_n together_o with_o in_o that_o country_n common_o call_v the_o field_n from_o its_o resemblance_n to_o a_o field_n be_v all_o champaign_n near_o this_o shoar_n i_o see_v a_o pillar_n about_o seventeen_o inch_n diameter_n with_o letter_n upon_o it_o but_o those_o in_o a_o great_a
seem_v be_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o memory_n of_o two_o centuriont_n that_o have_v so_o many_o year_n faithful_o and_o worthy_o serve_v the_o roman_n there_o in_o the_o year_n 1692_o under_o the_o root_n of_o a_o oak_n in_o med-lock_a near_a knot-mill_n be_v find_v a_o stone_n three_o quarter_n long_o fifteen_o inch_n broad_a eleven_o inch_n thick_a with_o the_o lettered_a side_n downward_o which_o mr._n cambden_n see_v not_o at_o least_o before_o the_o finish_v his_o britania_n but_o be_v now_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o garden_n of_o holme_n the_o seat_n of_o sir_n john_n bland_n bar_n to_o who_o that_o estate_n descend_v the_o same_o former_o belong_v to_o the_o moseley_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n a_o lady_n of_o great_a temper_n piety_n and_o prudence_n the_o inscription_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v thus_o fortunae_fw-la conserva_fw-la trici_fw-la lucius_n senacianius_n martiusbleg_n vi_o vict._n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o altar_n dedicate_v to_o fortune_n by_o lucius_n senecianus_n martius_n brutus_n a_o commander_n in_o the_o six_o legion_n which_o remain_v in_o york_n in_o the_o time_n of_o severus_n his_o be_v there_o after_o he_o have_v vanquish_v albinus_n general_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o reduce_v their_o state_n under_o his_o obedience_n it_o be_v surname_v victrix_n and_o be_v place_v by_o dio_n in_o lower_n britain_n and_o the_o twenty_o legion_n surname_v also_o victrix_n remain_v at_o chester_n which_o be_v place_v in_o high_a britain_n this_o division_n it_o seem_v be_v make_v by_o the_o say_v severus_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o where_o these_o legion_n be_v be_v divide_v into_o little_a region_n since_o call_v hide_n this_o be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o deiara_n several_a of_o who_o youth_n be_v send_v to_o rome_n and_o pope_n gregory_n admire_v their_o beauty_n send_v over_o augustine_n to_o convert_v the_o english_a edward_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n and_o afterward_o of_o the_o mercian_n send_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o northumber_n a_o army_n of_o the_o mercian_n say_v hoveden_n order_v that_o they_o shall_v fortify_v the_o city_n of_o manchester_n and_o place_n valiant_a soldier_n in_o it_o it_o be_v deface_v by_o the_o dane_n it_o be_v a_o frontier_n town_n betwixt_o the_o mercian_n that_o inhabit_v cheshire_n and_o derbyshire_n and_o the_o northumber_n inhabit_v lancashire_n and_o yorkshire_n and_o in_o their_o war_n and_o mutual_a incursion_n be_v sometime_o possess_v by_o the_o mercian_n and_o sometime_o the_o northumber_n thus_o far_o our_o author_n proceed_v as_o to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o town_n it_o be_v vast_o populous_a of_o great_a trade_n riches_n and_o industry_n particular_o for_o the_o fustian_n manufacture_n and_o print_v they_o as_o for_o those_o likewise_o which_o be_v call_v manchester_n ware_n both_o which_o be_v now_o send_v all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o indies_n it_o be_v water_v by_o the_o river_n erwell_n and_o irk_v little_o can_v be_v add_v of_o lancaster_n for_o antiquity_n save_v that_o it_o be_v doubtless_o a_o roman_a fortress_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o roman_a wall_n and_o road_n lead_v to_o it_o it_o be_v at_o this_o time_n a_o very_a thrive_a corporation_n and_o a_o improve_n port_n its_o eminency_n chief_o lie_v in_o this_o that_o many_o branch_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n have_v enjoy_v title_n derive_v from_o it_o which_o for_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o county_n in_o general_n i_o will_v enumerate_v as_o brief_o as_o possible_a the_o first_o that_o be_v style_v lord_n of_o the_o place_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o norman_a government_n be_v roger_n of_o poictou_n surname_v pictarensis_fw-la because_o his_o wife_n come_v out_o of_o poictou_n in_o france_n he_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o honour_n by_o william_n earl_n of_o morton_n and_o warren_n upon_o who_o death_n king_n richard_n the_o first_o bestow_v it_o on_o his_o brother_n john_n afterward_o king_n of_o england_n of_o who_o gualther_n de_fw-fr hemingford_n and_o r._n hoveden_n give_v this_o account_n that_o king_n richard_n show_v great_a affection_n to_o his_o brother_n john_n for_o beside_o ireland_n and_o the_o earldom_n in_o normandy_n he_o bestow_v upon_o he_o such_o great_a preferment_n in_o england_n that_o he_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n tetrarch_n there_o for_o he_o give_v he_o cornwall_n lancaster_n nottingham_n and_o derby_n with_o the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n after_o this_o king_n henry_n iii_o son_n of_o king_n john_n promote_v his_o young_a son_n edmund_n crouchback_n he_o have_v be_v prevent_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sicily_n and_o apuleia_n to_o the_o earldom_n of_o lancaster_n giving_z it_o in_o these_o word_n the_o honour_n earldom_n castle_n and_o town_n of_o lancaster_n with_o the_o cow-pasture_n which_o at_o this_o day_n they_o call_v vaccary_n from_o thence_o and_o forest_n of_o wiresdale_n lownsdale_n newcastle_n under_o lime_n with_o the_o manor_n forest_n and_o castle_n of_o pickering_n the_o manor_n of_o scateby_n the_o village_n of_o gormancester_n and_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o town_n of_o huntingdon_n edmund_n have_v issue_n thomas_n henry_n and_o john_n who_o die_v unmarried_a which_o thomas_n be_v second_o earl_n of_o lancaster_n and_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o honour_n by_o his_o brother_n henry_n who_o son_n henry_n be_v in_o parliament_n create_v duke_n of_o lancaster_n be_v the_o second_o dukedom_n that_o be_v erect_v in_o england_n that_o of_o cornwall_n be_v the_o first_o in_o the_o person_n of_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n and_o leave_v two_o daughter_n maud_n duchess_n of_o bavaria_n and_o blanch_n marry_v to_o john_n of_o gaunt_n so_o call_v because_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o ghent_n in_o flanders_n four_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o who_o thereby_o come_v to_o the_o whole_a estate_n and_o be_v now_o equal_a to_o many_o king_n in_o wealth_n be_v create_v duke_n of_o lancaster_n by_o his_o father_n he_o also_o obtain_v the_o royalty_n from_o he_o and_o the_o king_n then_o advance_v the_o county_n of_o lancaster_n into_o a_o palatinate_n by_o this_o rescript_n wherein_o after_o he_o have_v declare_v the_o great_a service_n he_o have_v do_v his_o country_n at_o home_o and_o abroad_o he_o add_v we_o have_v grant_v from_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n to_o our_o son_n aforesaid_a that_o he_o during_o his_o term_n of_o life_n shall_v have_v within_o the_o county_n of_o lancaster_n his_o chancery_n and_o his_o writ_n to_o be_v issue_v out_o under_o his_o own_o seal_n belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o chancellor_n his_o justice_n likewise_o as_o well_o for_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o for_o other_o plea_n relate_v to_o common_a law_n to_o have_v cognizance_n of_o they_o and_o to_o have_v power_n of_o make_v all_o execution_n whatsoever_o by_o his_o writ_n and_o officer_n and_o to_o have_v all_o other_o liberty_n and_o royalty_n whatsoever_o appertain_v to_o a_o county_n palatine_n as_o free_o and_o full_o as_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n within_o the_o say_a county_n be_v know_v to_o have_v nor_o be_v he_o only_a duke_n of_o lancaster_n but_o by_o marriage_n with_o constantia_n daughter_n to_o peter_n king_n of_o castille_n sometime_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o castille_n but_o by_o contract_n he_o part_v with_o this_o title_n and_o in_o the_o thirteen_o of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o aquitaine_n by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n to_o the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o country_n at_o that_o time_n his_o title_n be_v john_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n duke_n of_o aquitaine_n and_o lancaster_n earl_n of_o derby_n lincoln_n and_o leicester_n and_o high_a steward_n of_o england_n after_o this_o henry_n de_fw-fr bullingbrook_n his_o son_n succeed_v in_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n who_o have_v depose_v richard_n the_o second_o obtain_v the_o crown_n and_o confer_v that_o honour_n upon_o henry_n his_o son_n afterward_o king_n of_o england_n and_o that_o he_o may_v entail_v it_o upon_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o he_o have_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o these_o word_n we_o be_v unwilling_a that_o our_o say_a inheritance_n or_o liberty_n by_o reason_n of_o our_o now_o assume_v the_o regal_a seat_n and_o diguity_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n change_v transfer_v diminish_v or_o impair_v but_o that_o our_o say_a inheritance_n with_o its_o liberty_n and_o right_n aforesaid_a shall_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o form_n condition_n and_o state_n wherein_o they_o descend_v and_o fall_v to_o we_o and_o also_o with_o all_o and_o singular_a liberty_n franchise_n and_o privilege_n commodity_n and_o profit_n whatsoever_o which_o our_o lord_n and_o father_n in_o his_o life-time_n have_v and_o hold_v it_o for_o term_v of_o his_o life_n by_o grant_n of_o the_o late_a king_n richard_n and_o whole_o
foundation_n be_v find_v the_o head_n horn_n and_o bone_n of_o several_a creature_n viz._n the_o ox_n wolf_n roebuck_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o it_o be_v a_o flowerpot_n on_o the_o top_n be_v a_o cotyla_n or_o cavity_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o that_o cavity_n a_o young_a face_n suppose_v to_o be_v that_o of_o the_o genius_n on_o the_o back_n ornament_n or_o drapery_n of_o uncertain_a figure_n on_o the_o right_a side_n a_o genius_n stand_v with_o a_o cornucopia_n in_o his_o lefthand_n the_o right-hand_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o workman_n unaware_o together_o with_o several_a letter_n of_o the_o inscription_n signify_v by_o the_o blot_n it_o be_v plain_a then_o in_o fact_n that_o the_o altar_n be_v erect_v by_o flavius_n longinus_n tribune_n of_o the_o twenty_o legion_n name_v victrix_n and_o valens_n and_o longinus_n his_o son_n descend_v from_o the_o house_n city_n rather_o of_o samosate_n in_o performance_n of_o their_o vow_n make_v for_o the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o then_o emperor_n to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o place_n yet_o in_o order_n to_o discover_v the_o manner_n of_o that_o performance_n who_o the_o tribune_n or_o augusti_n or_o emperor_n be_v the_o aera_fw-la of_o their_o reign_n and_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n all_o which_o be_v very_o doubtful_a i_o offer_v these_o observation_n genio_fw-la loci_fw-la in_o the_o roman_a heathen_a theology_n the_o very_a genii_n be_v almost_o innumerable_a one_o be_v depute_v to_o every_o person_n place_n and_o almost_o every_o thing_n useful_a in_o their_o family_n and_o for_o their_o occasion_n they_o be_v more_o frequent_o understand_v to_o preside_v over_o generation_n nativity_n and_o after_o that_o to_o be_v tutelary_a to_o the_o person_n all_o his_o life_n long_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o genius_n be_v common_o juvenile_n crown_v with_o plantane-leaves_a and_o flower_n wine_n nard_n and_o honey_n be_v offer_v to_o he_o in_o sacrifice_n on_o nativity_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o birthday_n whereon_o the_o person_n first_o enjoy_v that_o cheerful_a gift_n the_o light_n of_o the_o day_n shall_v not_o be_v defile_v or_o profane_v with_o blood_n or_o the_o deprive_v another_o creature_n of_o that_o light_n indeed_o that_o place_n in_o horace_n lib._n 3._o ode_n 17._o cras_fw-la genium_fw-la mero_n placabis_fw-la &_o porco_n bimestri_fw-la be_v bring_v for_o a_o 2._o a_o per_fw-la demsterum_fw-la in_o rosinum_fw-la ad_fw-la c._n 14._o lib._n 2._o authority_n to_o prove_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o a_o animal_n to_o a_o genius_n but_o to_o i_o it_o be_v a_o mistake_n and_o contrary_a to_o horace_n intention_n he_o there_o urge_v lamia_n to_o spend_v the_o day_n merry_o indulgere_fw-la genio_fw-la genialiter_fw-la vivere_fw-la and_o not_o advise_v to_o any_o solemn_a act_n of_o religion_n and_o in_o some_o addition_n more_o agreeable_a to_o this_o interpretation_n it_o be_v curabis_fw-la not_o placabis_fw-la genium_fw-la and_o cutem_fw-la curare_fw-la be_v a_o proper_a phrase_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o this_o sense_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o same_o poet_n 144._o poet_n epist._n l._n 2._o epist._n 1._o v._o 144._o tellurem_fw-la porco_n sylvanum_fw-la lacte_fw-la piabunt_fw-la floribus_fw-la &_o vino_fw-la genium_fw-la memorem_fw-la brevis_fw-la aevi_fw-la but_o to_o the_o genius_n of_o a_o place_n a_o large_a and_o more_o indulgent_a province_n be_v delegated_a there_o may_v be_v subordinate_a genii_n and_o particular_o such_o as_o preside_v over_o nativity_n within_o it_o and_o to_o this_o genius_n for_o the_o plenitude_n of_o his_o power_n and_o superintendency_n more_o magnificent_a and_o pompous_a immolation_n be_v make_v and_o from_o the_o same_o opinion_n many_o altar_n be_v erect_v to_o that_o genius_n as_o appear_v in_o gruter_n iu_o 7._o vi_o 2._o ‑_o viii_o 4._o 6._o 7._o ‑_o ix_o 23._o ‑_o xc_o 10._o ‑_o cv_o 2._o ‑_o cvii_o 5._o ‑_o clxxvii_o 5._o ‑_o mxvii_o 7._o ‑_o mxviii_o 9_o ‑_o mlxviii_o 2._o ‑_o longinus_n flavius_z this_o tribune_n do_v not_o occur_v in_o any_o history_n i_o have_v read_v we_o roman_n we_o andr._n shotti_n gentes_fw-la &_o famil_n roman_n find_v that_o from_o the_o cassia_n gens_n there_o descend_v a_o plebeian_n family_n surname_v longini_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o g._n cassius_n longinus_n one_o of_o the_o ancient_a lawyer_n remember_v by_o the_o 2._o the_o digest_v lib._n 1._o tit._n 2._o emperor_n justinian_n be_v of_o that_o family_n it_o be_v manifest_a the_o same_o longinus_n be_v praeses_fw-la of_o syria_n in_o claudius_n his_o time_n and_o very_o credible_a that_o he_o be_v of_o the_o same_o family_n with_o cassius_n the_o assassin_n of_o caesar_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o commendation_n of_o his_o skill_n in_o the_o law_n and_o arm_n and_o his_o own_o endeavour_n to_o support_v the_o honour_n of_o that_o family_n caeteros_fw-la praeminebat_fw-la peritia_fw-la legum_n nam_fw-la militares_fw-la art_fw-la per_fw-la otium_fw-la ignotae_fw-la industriosque_fw-la ac_fw-la ignavos_n pax_fw-la in_o aequo_fw-la tenet_fw-la attamen_fw-la quantum_fw-la sine_fw-la bello_fw-la dabatur_fw-la revocare_fw-la priscum_fw-la morem_fw-la exercitare_fw-la legiones_fw-la cura_fw-la provisa_fw-la perinde_v agere_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la hostess_fw-la ingruerit_fw-la ita_fw-la digna_fw-la majoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la &_o familia_fw-la cassia_n ratus_fw-la per_fw-la illas_fw-la quoque_fw-la gentes_fw-la celebrata_fw-la cassius_n longinus_n the_o assassin_n of_o caesar_n be_v quaestor_n to_o crassus_n in_o syria_n and_o after_o crassus_n his_o death_n he_o return_v back_o to_o syria_n it_o be_v probable_a during_o his_o residence_n there_o he_o may_v plant_v that_o family_n which_o above_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o when_o the_o lawyer_n cassius_n longinus_n come_v praeses_fw-la thither_o be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n in_o those_o part_n from_o so_o great_a and_o illustrious_a a_o house_n many_o family_n no_o doubt_n be_v propagate_v and_o consider_v into_o what_o displeasure_n that_o house_n fall_v with_o the_o imperial_a family_n upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o caesar_n murder_n it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v they_o will_v rather_o propagate_v and_o flourish_v in_o syria_n than_o at_o rome_n be_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o envy_n and_o revenge_n of_o the_o julian_n family_n this_o supposition_n grant_v the_o number_n of_o 346_o year_n viz._n the_o space_n betwixt_o the_o time_n that_o cassius_n fix_v in_o syria_n viz._n anno_fw-la u._n c._n 700._o and_o the_o aera_fw-la which_o i_o shall_v presume_v to_o assign_v to_o our_o tribune_n viz._n anno_fw-la u._n c._n 1046_o will_v be_v find_v sufficient_a for_o the_o propagation_n of_o many_o family_n out_o of_o the_o cassian_n gens_n or_o stock_n if_o then_o the_o nomen_fw-la of_o our_o tribune_n have_v be_v cassius_n this_o may_v have_v give_v more_o probability_n of_o his_o pedigree_n or_o derivation_n from_o the_o famous_a cassius_n the_o flavian_n be_v a_o ancient_a stock_n or_o gens_n though_o plebeian_n and_o its_o likely_a our_o tribune_n be_v descend_v from_o it_o and_o be_v of_o a_o different_a stock_n from_o cassius_n but_o the_o cognomen_fw-la longinus_n be_v at_o least_o a_o note_n of_o their_o collateral_a relation_n pot_n relation_n rosini_n lib._n 4._o l._n de_fw-fr patria_fw-la pot_n differunt_fw-la enim_fw-la agnati_fw-la a_o gentilibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la modo_fw-la quod_fw-la agnati_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la eadem_fw-la familia_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la &_o idem_fw-la cognomen_fw-la habent_fw-la gentiles_n qui_fw-la ex_fw-la eodem_fw-la genere_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la &_o simili_fw-la nomine_fw-la appellantur_fw-la and_o therefore_o a_o conjecture_n may_v be_v tolerable_o infer_v that_o from_o what_o be_v here_o observe_v our_o tribune_n be_v of_o relation_n though_o of_o several_a descent_n to_o the_o famous_a cassius_n leg._n xx._n the_o workman_n rude_a instrument_n here_o wound_v the_o stone_n so_o deep_a that_o we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v there_o be_v room_n for_o the_o addition_n of_o two_o letter_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v leg._n xx._n vv._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o rosinus_n that_o gruter_n &_o rosinus_n victrix_n be_v the_o ancient_a epithet_n to_o the_o twenty_o legion_n and_o the_o most_o authentic_a proof_n of_o that_o epithet_n be_v the_o ancient_a column_n at_o rome_n whereon_o the_o 32_o legion_n be_v record_v another_o epithet_n be_v add_v but_o various_o interpret_v some_o take_v it_o for_o valeriana_n or_o valeria_n other_o for_o valens_n but_o the_o latter_a seem_v to_o have_v the_o preference_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o inscription_n v._o inscription_n gruter_n p._n 492._o v._o praef_n leg_n xx._n valen_n victr_n primip_n leg_n x._o gem_n piae_fw-la fidel_n cent_z legion_n four_o scy_n thicae_fw-la claud_fw-la xiiii_o gem_n vii_o gem_n etc._n etc._n 13._o etc._n tacitus_n in_o vita_fw-la agric._n 13._o julius_n caesar_n rather_o discover_v than_o subdue_v this_o island_n to_o the_o roman_a greatness_n augustus_n wave_v the_o prosecution_n of_o julius_n his_o attempt_n out_o of_o prudence_n and_o tiberius_n out_o of_o policy_n but_o claudius_n reassume_v it_o
with_o success_n he_o send_v over_o hither_o several_a legion_n and_o its_o most_o probable_a the_o twenty_o in_o his_o reign_n we_o find_v a_o very_a great_a impression_n make_v upon_o britain_n several_a province_n subdue_v a_o warlike_a prince_n caractacus_n carry_v captive_a to_o rome_n and_o a_o magnificent_a triumph_n thereupon_o in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o conduct_n of_o ostorius_n scapula_n the_o legate_n it_o be_v remarkable_a what_o be_v say_v in_o tacitus_n ann._n 12._o 32._o et_fw-la ductus_fw-la in_o cangos_n exercitus_fw-la the_o learned_a cambden_n suppose_v upon_o the_o great_a deliberation_n whereon_o he_o be_v put_v by_o lipsius_n that_o the_o cheshire_n the_o cheshire_n cangi_n be_v those_o britain_n inhabit_v these_o part_n he_o be_v induce_v thereunto_o by_o the_o pig_n of_o lead_n find_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o have_v this_o inscription_n on_o they_o imp._n domit._n aug_n gerard_n de._n ceang._n we_o find_v the_o province_n about_o the_o brigantes_n silures_n and_o ordovices_n subdue_v by_o ostorius_n and_o consider_v the_o situation_n of_o chester_n as_o it_o lie_v to_o those_o several_a province_n it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o the_o twenty_o legion_n may_v in_o his_o time_n be_v encamp_v here_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o vitellius_n this_o among_o other_o be_v account_v a_o stand_a legion_n in_o britain_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o in_o tacitus_n hist._n lib._n 2._o 22._o cum_fw-la vexillis_fw-la nonae_fw-la secundaeque_fw-la &_o vicesimae_fw-la britanicarum_fw-la legionum_fw-la upon_o obtain_v of_o the_o empire_n by_o vespasian_n we_o find_v it_o here_o 7._o here_o ejusdem_fw-la vitæ_fw-la agr._n 7._o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o roscius_n celer_n praeposuit_fw-la celer_n agricolam_fw-la xxmae_fw-la legioni_fw-la tarde_fw-la ad_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la transgressae_fw-la praeposuit_fw-la and_o very_o difficult_o draw_v to_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o the_o new_a emperor_n and_o he_o that_o consider_v the_o success_n of_o agricola_n in_o his_o proconsulship_n of_o britain_n under_o that_o emperor_n and_o particular_o in_o these_o part_n will_v be_v induce_v far_a to_o believe_v the_o say_a legion_n have_v its_o residence_n here_o and_o from_o thence_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a the_o city_n be_v call_v cestria_n or_o caerlleon_n in_o british_a a_o castris_fw-la and_o the_o learned_a polyalbion_n learned_a in_o not._n in_o polyalbion_n selden_n do_v therefore_o reconcile_v the_o say_v of_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n emeriti_fw-la julianarum_fw-la legionum_fw-la ibi_fw-la residere_fw-la by_o apply_v julianarum_fw-la to_o julius_n agricola_n the_o lieutenant_n and_o not_o to_o julius_n caesar._n yet_o though_o it_o be_v credible_a this_o place_n may_v become_v considerable_a from_o the_o so_o long_a residence_n of_o a_o legion_n or_o legion_n here_o as_o be_v a_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o draw_v a_o confluence_n of_o conquer_a britain_n to_o they_o and_o of_o their_o inhabitation_n there_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o believe_v it_o do_v improve_v and_o advance_v to_o the_o denomination_n and_o grandeur_n of_o a_o city_n before_o it_o be_v make_v a_o colony_n by_o a_o imperial_a charter_n have_v it_o be_v a_o municipium_fw-la or_o hans-town_n use_v its_o own_o private_a law_n and_o custom_n or_o have_v it_o be_v a_o city_n in_o the_o time_n of_o vespasian_n or_o before_o septimius_n geta_n it_o be_v likely_a some_o history_n have_v mention_v it_o and_o also_o that_o it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v make_v a_o colony_n by_o septimius_n geta_n cheshire_n geta_n in_o cheshire_n mr._n cambden_n mention_n a_o coin_n of_o that_o emperor_n the_o reverse_n whereof_o be_v col_n divana_n leg_n xx._n victrix_n that_o coin_n be_v a_o most_o valuable_a piece_n of_o antiquity_n and_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o all_o our_o charter_n it_o find_v we_o a_o colony_n from_o rome_n and_o prove_v what_o we_o so_o much_o seek_v after_o our_o relation_n to_o that_o legion_n that_o chester_n be_v call_v deva_n be_v also_o prove_v by_o the_o itinerary_n ascribe_v to_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n wherein_o it_o be_v thus_o insert_v deva_n leg_n xx._n vict._n m._n p._n xx._n that_o be_v from_o candato_n or_o congleton_n twenty_o mile_n to_o deva_n or_o chester_n this_o too_o prove_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o twenty_o legion_n here_o and_o if_o the_o itinerary_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o some_o assert_v it_o we_o may_v boast_v of_o a_o much_o great_a antiquity_n than_o we_o pretend_v to_o but_o quit_v that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o question_v but_o it_o be_v very_o ancient_a and_o of_o good_a authority_n as_o for_o the_o forementioned_a coin_n of_o geta_n it_o be_v unquestionable_a and_o it_o be_v probable_a chester_n be_v make_v a_o colony_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 211._o another_o coin_n of_o this_o emperor_n of_o the_o same_o year_n with_o this_o inscription_n imp._n caes._n p._n sept_n geta_n pius_fw-la aug_n brit_n on_o the_o reverse_n victoriae_n brit_n seem_v to_o attest_v so_o much_o admit_v this_o it_o be_v manifest_a this_o city_n be_v a_o roman_a colony_n 1482_o year_n ago_o and_o no_o doubt_n but_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o twenty_o legion_n so_o many_o year_n before_o qualify_v it_o for_o that_o dignity_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n be_v by_o long_a succession_n naturalize_v to_o the_o place_n and_o the_o emeriti_fw-la or_o veteranes_n of_o they_o be_v the_o first_o petitioner_n for_o the_o honour_n and_o the_o first_o regular_a inhabitant_n and_o father_n of_o the_o colony_n longinus_n fi._n ejus_fw-la there_o be_v here_o a_o flaw_n in_o the_o stone_n but_o the_o space_n be_v so_o small_a that_o one_o initial_a letter_n only_o seem_v want_v and_o since_o it_o be_v but_o one_o it_o rather_o denote_v the_o proenomen_fw-la as_o a._n for_o aulus_n c_o for_o cajus_n d._n for_o decimus_n l._n for_o lucius_n etc._n etc._n than_o the_o nomen_fw-la viz._n flavius_n to_o be_v want_v this_o indeed_o will_v be_v a_o great_a matter_n of_o scruple_n but_o that_o it_o be_v find_v common_a among_o the_o roman_n to_o omit_v or_o assume_v their_o name_n or_o their_o surname_n pro_fw-la re_fw-la nata_fw-la or_o at_o their_o pleasure_n vj._n pleasure_n macrob._n saturnal_a lib._n 1._o cap._n vj._n nec_fw-la mirum_fw-la si_fw-la ex_fw-la cognominibus_fw-la nata_fw-la sunt_fw-la nomina_fw-la cum_fw-la contra_fw-la &_o cognomina_fw-la ex_fw-la propriis_fw-la sint_fw-la tracta_fw-la nominibus_fw-la domo_fw-la samosata_n the_o place_n be_v here_o use_v substantive_o by_o apposition_n as_o be_v frequent_a in_o inscription_n viz._n gruter_n 634._o 5._o domo_fw-la africa_n 873._o 15._o domo_fw-la asia_n 385._o 1._o domo_fw-la carthagine_n 174._o 34._o domo_fw-la roma_fw-la etc._n etc._n since_o there_o may_v be_v as_o be_v before_o presume_v several_a family_n descend_v from_o the_o same_o gens_n in_o syria_n the_o addition_n of_o samosata_n do_v ascertain_v the_o person_n and_o his_o family_n 24._o family_n plin._n hist._n nat._n lib._n 5._o cap._n 24._o samosata_n be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o comagene_n a_o region_n of_o syria_n and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o river_n euphrates_n augg._n but_o since_o neither_o the_o emperor_n nor_o consul_n be_v name_v in_o the_o inscription_n and_o that_o our_o tribune_n flavius_n longinus_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o history_n we_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o dark_a as_o to_o the_o aera_fw-la of_o it_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o roman_n perhaps_o careful_a to_o preserve_v their_o own_o greatness_n use_v to_o throw_v coin_n cotemporary_a to_o the_o work_n into_o the_o foundation_n of_o their_o theater_n temple_n altar_n and_o public_a building_n and_o by_o very_o good_a fortune_n in_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o altar_n be_v find_v a_o coin_n inscribe_v thus_o on_o the_o first_o side_n fl._n val._n constantius_n nob_n c._n on_o the_o reverse_n genio_fw-la populi_fw-la romani_fw-la this_o be_v a_o evidence_n so_o current_a and_o natural_a to_o the_o other_o inscription_n that_o it_o must_v be_v admit_v by_o the_o most_o rigid_a antiquary_n it_o be_v manifest_a then_o from_o history_n that_o constantius_n when_o only_o caesar_n be_v send_v over_o into_o britain_n by_o the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n and_o maximinian_n with_o a_o great_a force_n against_o allectus_n which_o allectus_n after_o he_o have_v slay_v carausius_n assume_v the_o empire_n to_o himself_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 293_o and_o about_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o say_a emperor_n that_o he_o be_v successful_a in_o his_o expedition_n against_o allectus_n and_o reduce_v the_o island_n to_o peace_n and_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o conclude_v that_o upon_o such_o commotion_n in_o this_o island_n as_o must_v be_v upon_o such_o vicissitude_n a_o man_n of_o that_o post_n and_o character_n as_o our_o tribune_n be_v of_o be_v a_o tribune_n of_o that_o old_a britanic_a legion_n and_o most_o probable_o well_o affect_v to_o his_o lawful_a master_n the_o emperor_n together_o with_o his_o son_n then_o with_o he_o do_v make_v and_o perform_v his_o vow_n
show_v that_o adrian_n and_o venus_n govern_v the_o world_n egypt_n lean_v upon_o a_o basket_n of_o fruit_n hold_v a_o cistrum_fw-la or_o horn_n like_o a_o trumpet_n in_o her_o hand_n ibis_n a_o bird_n sacred_a to_o the_o egyptian_n be_v adjacent_a and_o be_v the_o bird_n when_o it_o find_v itself_o indispose_v that_o injected_a salt_n water_n by_o the_o help_n of_o its_o beak_n into_o the_o anus_fw-la and_o thence_o show_v we_o the_o use_n of_o clyster_n cappadocia_n hold_v a_o mountain_n in_o her_o hand_n its_o probable_a because_o the_o cappadocian_o worship_v a_o mountain_n for_o their_o god_n africa_n sacrifice_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o come_v of_o the_o emperor_n and_o hold_v spikes_n of_o corn_n cover_v with_o the_o exuviae_fw-la of_o elephant_n asia_n minor_n with_o the_o rostrum_n and_o stern_a of_o a_o ship_n to_o demonstrate_v their_o expertness_n in_o naval_a affair_n in_o which_o her_o inhabitant_n then_o excel_v and_o hold_v in_o her_o right_a hand_n a_o serpent_n perhaps_o because_o the_o country_n abound_v with_o they_o this_o emblem_n as_o it_o delineate_v to_o we_o the_o industry_n of_o those_o people_n in_o navigation_n at_o the_o same_o time_n render_v it_o very_o probable_a that_o many_o foreign_a part_n may_v be_v people_v thence_o and_o britain_n by_o what_o we_o have_v hint_v before_o as_o likely_a as_o any_o but_o the_o more_o full_o to_o evidence_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n back_o it_o with_o a_o quotation_n from_o divine_a authority_n in_o the_o second_o place_n clear_o and_o full_o evince_v that_o the_o britain_n in_o those_o day_n worship_v the_o same_o deity_n as_o the_o phoenician_n do_v and_o in_o the_o three_o and_o last_o place_n make_v it_o evident_a that_o in_o nero_n time_n a_o british_a queen_n wear_v a_o golden_a torques_fw-la which_o sufficient_o demonstrate_v the_o britain_n trade_v with_o other_o nation_n before_o caesar_n make_v his_o attempt_n upon_o this_o island_n which_o from_o the_o subsequent_a observation_n may_v fair_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v phoenician_n of_o the_o first_o ezekiel_n chap._n 27._o give_v we_o this_o geographical_a account_n which_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o exact_o quadrate_v with_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o forementioned_a coin_n and_o full_o illustrate_v to_o we_o how_o from_o their_o vast_a industry_n skill_n and_o experience_n in_o navigation_n they_o may_v transplant_v themselves_o hither_o that_o the_o people_n of_o tirus_fw-la which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o phoenicia_n be_v seat_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v merchant_n and_o a_o people_n for_o many_o isle_n that_o their_o ship_n be_v make_v of_o the_o fir-tree_n of_o senir_fw-fr and_o their_o mast_n of_o the_o cedar_n of_o lebanon_n that_o they_o have_v oar_n from_o the_o oak_n of_o bashan_n bench_n of_o ivory_n from_o the_o ashurite_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o chittim_n embroider_v linen_n from_o egypt_n for_o their_o sail_n blue_a and_o purple_a from_o the_o isle_n of_o elisha_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o zidon_n and_o arvad_n be_v their_o mariner_n and_o the_o wiseman_n in_o tyrus_n their_o pilot_n the_o wiseman_n of_o gebal_n and_o ancient_n thereof_o their_o calker_n that_o all_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v there_o to_o occupy_v their_o merchandise_n those_o of_o persia_n of_o lud_n and_o of_o phut_n be_v in_o their_o army_n observe_v here_o lud_n in_o the_o hebrew_n language_n signify_v lydia_n a_o country_n border_v upon_o phoenicia_n that_o therefore_o the_o british_a king_n assume_v that_o name_n from_o who_o the_o city_n of_o london_n as_o most_o conjecture_n be_v denominate_v seem_v to_o i_o to_o produce_v that_o the_o phoenician_n have_v discover_v the_o whole_a island_n since_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o may_v chief_o affect_v the_o name_n from_o some_o eminent_a lydian_a he_o most_o admire_a among_o the_o phoenician_n whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o no_o i_o shall_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v however_o it_o may_v merit_v the_o strict_a inquiry_n of_o the_o learned_a that_o the_o phoenician_n trade_v to_o tarshish_n be_v certain_a which_o by_o the_o best_a commentator_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v the_o mediterranean_a and_o likewise_o to_o tubal_n javan_n and_o meshech_n which_o signify_v the_o north_n among_o which_o its_o probable_a the_o britain_n may_v be_v include_v that_o they_o likewise_o trade_v in_o precious_a clothes_n for_o their_o chariot_n a_o instrument_n only_o that_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o britain_n make_v use_v of_o in_o fight_v have_v now_o clear_v the_o first_o head_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o second_o and_o that_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o their_o way_n of_o worship_n in_o britain_n and_o phoenicia_n be_v the_o same_o which_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o due_o weigh_v the_o precede_a argument_n to_o wit_n the_o phoenician_n word_n in_o these_o part_n and_o manner_n of_o fight_v with_o their_o prodigious_a merchandize_v put_v it_o beyond_o contradiction_n that_o this_o island_n must_v necessary_o be_v inhabit_v from_o that_o country_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n at_o least_o the_o deity_n they_o then_o worship_v retain_v the_o follow_a name_n andraste_v and_o astarte_n of_o which_o dion_n cassius_n give_v the_o follow_a account_n in_o his_o life_n of_o nero._n the_o british_a amazon_n bonduca_n or_o boadicia_n say_v leo_n before_o she_o engage_v the_o roman_n with_o her_o hand_n lift_v up_o to_o heaven_n have_v this_o ejaculation_n o_o astarte_n protectrix_fw-la of_o woman_n i_o invocate_v thou_o now_o the_o phoenician_n as_o well_o as_o she_o worship_v astarte_n by_o that_o meaning_n the_o moon_n or_o venus_n which_o sometime_o they_o term_v venus_n sometime_o belisama_n sometime_o diana_n and_o sometime_o proserpina_n from_o the_o benign_a influence_n that_o they_o expect_v from_o she_o in_o the_o river_n wood_n valley_n and_o their_o pleasure_n she_o be_v style_v belisama_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o the_o wood_n diana_n in_o the_o valley_n proserpina_n and_o when_o they_o implore_v her_o assistance_n for_o pleasure_n and_o felicity_n venus_n schaedius_n likewise_o in_o his_o account_n of_o the_o german_a god_n give_v we_o a_o relation_n that_o they_o pay_v a_o most_o profound_a adoration_n to_o this_o deity_n insomuch_o that_o when_o she_o be_v in_o her_o wane_n they_o decline_v fight_v of_o which_o the_o roman_n frequent_o take_v their_o advantage_n and_o make_v by_o that_o method_n their_o conquest_n the_o easy_a their_o manner_n be_v always_o in_o the_o new-moon_n to_o engage_v their_o enemy_n of_o which_o superstition_n to_o this_o very_a day_n there_o remain_v still_o some_o footstep_n it_o be_v a_o common_a custom_n among_o the_o populace_n upon_o the_o first_o appearance_n of_o the_o new-moon_n to_o put_v up_o a_o benediction_n to_o she_o in_o the_o follow_a form_n to_o wit_n yonder_o be_v the_o new-moon_n god_n bless_v it_o i_o shall_v now_o in_o the_o three_o and_o last_o place_n endeavour_v from_o another_o relic_n of_o antiquity_n to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o britain_n trade_v with_o the_o eastern_a nation_n to_o wit_n phoenicia_n and_o that_o be_v from_o a_o torques_fw-la late_o find_v in_o staffordshire_n belong_v as_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o the_o british_a queen_n boadicia_n of_o which_o take_v the_o follow_a account_n in_o the_o county_n of_o staffordshire_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o april_n 1700._o a_o poor_a man_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o patingham_n find_v a_o large_a and_o ponderous_a torques_fw-la of_o fine_a gold_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o be_v three_o pound_n and_o two_o ounce_n in_o length_n it_o be_v about_o four_o foot_n curious_o twist_v and_o writhen_a with_o two_o hook_n at_o each_o end_n cut_v even_o but_o not_o twist_v one_o of_o the_o hook_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o small_a notch_n in_o it_o as_o if_o something_o have_v wear_v it_o by_o hang_v to_o it_o it_o be_v fine_a metal_n very_o bright_a and_o flexible_a it_o will_v wrap_v round_o your_o arm_n your_o middle_a or_o hat_n and_o be_v extend_v again_o easy_o to_o its_o own_o shape_n which_o most_o resemble_v the_o bow_n of_o a_o kettle_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o british_a piece_n of_o antiquity_n for_o the_o follow_a reason_n first_o it_o be_v be_v find_v near_o a_o old_a british_a city_n as_o dr._n plot_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n of_o staffordshire_n make_v that_o place_n to_o be_v second_o dion_n cassius_n assure_v we_o that_o bonduca_n or_o boadicia_n wear_v a_o golden_a torques_fw-la the_o roman_n as_o well_o as_o the_o britain_n wear_v these_o torque_n and_o probable_o both_o of_o they_o have_v it_o from_o the_o asiatic_n titus_n manlius_n have_v the_o surname_n of_o torquatus_n give_v he_o as_o a_o achievement_n of_o honour_n for_o kill_a gallus_n a_o man_n of_o a_o prodigious_a magnitude_n the_o torques_fw-la by_o virgil_n be_v thus_o describe_v be_v petere_fw-la summo_fw-la