fol._n 57_o in_o winbish_n and_o tailboys_n case_n it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o bastard_n eigne_n and_o mulier_fw-la puisne_n and_o the_o bastard_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n enter_v into_o entail_v land_n and_o die_v seize_v this_o do_v not_o bind_v the_o mulier_fw-la in_o case_n of_o estate_n tail_n as_o it_o do_v in_o a_o estate_n of_o fee_n simple_a and_o vouch_v for_o authority_n in_o the_o point_n 39_o ed._n 3._o plac_fw-la ultimo_fw-la where_o the_o case_n be_v that_o land_n be_v give_v in_o tail_n to_o i._o s._n the_o remainder_n 3._o 39_o ed._n 3._o in_o tail_n to_o c._n and_o i._n s._n have_v issue_n by_o a_o woman_n a_o bastard_n and_o die_v seize_v and_o then_o the_o bastard_n die_v seize_v have_v issue_n he_o in_o the_o remainder_n may_v recover_v the_o land_n against_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o bastard_n affirm_v that_o the_o continuance_n of_o possession_n in_o the_o bastard_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o he_o in_o remainder_n to_o which_o opinion_n i_o do_v subscribe_v because_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n be_v a_o stranger_n in_o blood_n and_o so_o can_v be_v conclude_v as_o the_o mulier_fw-la shall_v be_v for_o a_o mulier_fw-la indeed_o be_v like_o a_o graft_n draw_v out_o of_o both_o the_o blood_n of_o father_n and_o mother_n so_o the_o bastard_n be_v a_o slip_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o same_o stock_n and_o have_v his_o be_v therefrom_o and_o for_o my_o own_o opinion_n consider_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2._o de_fw-fr donis_n do_v accept_v of_o gift_n in_o tail_n make_v before_o marriage_n upon_o the_o hope_n and_o expectation_n of_o a_o succeed_a marriage_n to_o perfect_v the_o same_o even_o so_o the_o marriage_n succeed_v to_o a_o bastard_n birth_n give_v he_o and_o his_o issue_n a_o privilege_n in_o these_o case_n of_o descent_n which_o be_v deny_v to_o other_o bastard_n or_o mere_a stranger_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n wherefore_o that_o maxim_n and_o principle_n of_o law_n shall_v be_v alter_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o west_n 2._o but_o because_o mountagues_n opinion_n in_o mr._n blow_n com._n sway_v the_o other_o way_n i_o will_v therefore_o submit_v this_o point_n to_o man_n of_o great_a judgement_n than_o my_o own_o so_o that_o if_o the_o law_n fall_v out_o for_o the_o bastard_n issue_n than_o she_o shall_v have_v title_n to_o the_o half_a part_n belong_v to_o the_o female_n and_o to_o no_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o heir_n males_n and_o with_o this_o conclusion_n i_o do_v here_o end_v my_o common_a law_n point_n and_o will_v now_o resort_v to_o the_o handle_n of_o my_o statute_n point_n the_o sewer_n be_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n i_o be_o desirous_a to_o attribute_v to_o this_o law_n all_o the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n which_o may_v in_o any_o sort_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o therefore_o i_o be_o unwilling_a to_o forget_v any_o thing_n which_o may_v material_o tend_v to_o the_o uphold_v and_o maintain_v thereof_o wherein_o among_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o all_o it_o be_v to_o prove_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n a_o court_n of_o justice_n i_o know_v some_o opinion_n have_v be_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o hold_v that_o the_o commissioner_n have_v only_o the_o power_n of_o a_o commission_n and_o not_o any_o court_n and_o i_o suppose_v much_o may_v be_v say_v to_o maintain_v that_o opinion_n first_o because_o in_o expressis_fw-la terminis_fw-la there_o be_v no_o court_n ordain_v by_o this_o statute_n or_o by_o any_o other_o and_o without_o word_n express_v in_o the_o point_n they_o can_v have_v no_o court._n second_o by_o precedent_n in_o the_o like_a case_n it_o have_v be_v hold_v no_o court_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 8_o report_n the_o king_n grant_v to_o the_o major_a and_o commonalty_n plenum_fw-la &_o integrum_fw-la scrutinium_fw-la gubernationem_fw-la london_n the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n &_o correctionem_fw-la omnium_fw-la &_o singularum_fw-la misteriarum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o they_o have_v no_o court_n in_o this_o case_n because_o no_o court_n be_v grant_v to_o they_o by_o the_o patent_n as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o doctor_n bonham_n case_n fol._n 119_o in_o the_o same_o report_n wherein_o the_o principal_a case_n there_o put_v sway_v the_o same_o way_n for_o there_o the_o physician_n have_v power_n to_o imprison_v and_o to_o fine_a offender_n yet_o they_o have_v not_o any_o court_n thereby_o and_o so_o if_o a_o commission_n issue_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o examine_v matter_n in_o a_o suit_n there_o depend_v and_o to_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n the_o same_o yet_o hereby_o these_o commissioner_n have_v not_o any_o court_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o commission_n be_v derive_v out_o of_o the_o proper_a power_n of_o the_o chancery_n which_o be_v the_o court_n for_o that_o cause_n eo_fw-la instant_n when_o it_o be_v in_o commission_n and_o one_o cause_o can_v uno_fw-la eodemque_fw-la tempore_fw-la depend_v in_o several_a court_n neither_o have_v the_o commissioner_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_n and_o charitable_a use_n any_o court_n nor_o the_o commissioner_n in_o the_o case_n of_o 1_o &_o 2_o eliz._n dier_n fol._n 175._o which_o have_v power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o office_n of_o the_o exigenter_fw-la have_v not_o any_o court_n but_o only_o the_o power_n of_o a_o commission_n for_o in_o truth_n these_o be_v all_o of_o they_o rather_o ministerial_a then_o judicial_a commission_n and_o so_o a_o court_n be_v not_o proper_a to_o they_o yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v a_o eminent_a court_n of_o record_n it_o be_v true_a that_o court_n have_v their_o beginning_n in_o three_o sort_n first_o by_o prescription_n second_o by_o charter-grant_a from_o the_o crown_n and_o three_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1._o the_o court_n hundred_o and_o leet_n begin_v by_o custom_n and_o so_o do_v the_o eminent_a court_n of_o westminster-hall_n 2._o court_n in_o corporation_n most_o of_o they_o take_v their_o beginning_n by_o charter_n and_o 3._o the_o court_n of_o first_o fruit_n and_o ten_o and_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n be_v erect_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o one_o in_o 32_o the_o other_o in_o 33_o hen._n 8._o but_o to_o bring_v the_o question_n near_a home_n to_o our_o statute_n of_o sewer_n which_o be_v but_o additamentum_fw-la legibus_fw-la antiquis_fw-la sewerarum_fw-la for_o they_o have_v be_v use_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o law_n though_o perhaps_o not_o know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o yet_o before_o the_o 6_o h._n 6._o they_o be_v know_v by_o that_o name_n as_o by_o the_o perusal_n of_o that_o statute_n may_v be_v collect_v and_o therefore_o for_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n hereafter_o ensue_v i_o hold_v the_o same_o to_o be_v a_o court._n first_o for_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 12_o ed._n 4._o cap._n 7._o and_o our_o very_a statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 8._o call_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n 4._o 12_o ed._n 4._o justice_n and_o one_o can_v proper_o be_v a_o justice_n or_o a_o judge_n but_o in_o a_o court._n second_o here_o be_v legal_a proceed_n and_o process_n for_o this_o statute_n say_v that_o the_o commissioner_n may_v make_v and_o direct_v all_o writ_n precept_n warrant_n and_o other_o commandment_n to_o all_o sheriff_n bailiff_n and_o other_o minister_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o h._n 4._o cap._n 12._o have_v these_o word_n in_o it_o that_o he_o that_o think_v 4._o 1_o h._n 4._o himself_o grieve_a may_v pursue_v and_o he_o shall_v have_v right_a and_o where_o there_o be_v legal_a proceed_n and_o where_o party_n grieve_v may_v come_v in_o and_o have_v remedy_n for_o the_o wrong_n and_o injury_n do_v to_o they_o there_o be_v proper_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o have_v they_o in_o but_o in_o doctor_n bonham_n case_v the_o physician_n have_v no_o legal_a proceed_n and_o therefore_o party_n grieve_v can_v have_v no_o remedy_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o have_v not_o a_o court._n and_o three_o the_o chief_a reason_n wherefore_o i_o take_v it_o that_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v a_o court_n be_v because_o the_o commission_n of_o sewer_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o renown_a court_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n which_o be_v and_o be_v a_o court_n of_o great_a esteem_n power_n and_o authority_n and_o so_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o erect_v a_o new_a court_n in_o this_o case_n as_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o erect_v and_o find_v the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o first_o fruit_n the_o first_o will_v else_o have_v remain_v in_o the_o chancery_n to_o the_o which_o primary_o it_o do_v belong_v and_o the_o other_o be_v a_o new_a revenue_n and_o want_v a_o court_n to_o direct_v or_o
of_o a_o freeman_n be_v forfeit_a for_o his_o father_n banishment_n or_o not_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o my_o case_n a_o freeman_n of_o a_o city_n or_o borough_n may_v be_v make_v divers_a manner_n of_o way_n as_o appeareth_z in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 8_o report_n fol._n 126._o that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o by_o service_n in_o his_o apprenticeship_n second_o by_o birth_n by_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o freeman_n three_o by_o purchase_n and_o that_o be_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o city_n and_o at_o bristol_n by_o marriage_n in_o the_o chronicle_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o 2._o it_o be_v say_v freedom_n be_v obtain_v but_o by_o two_o mean_n videlicet_fw-la by_o service_n and_o by_o birth_n yet_o it_o seem_v it_o may_v be_v obtain_v by_o purchase_n because_o the_o centurion_n claim_v his_o freedom_n thereby_o in_o the_o 22_o chapter_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o the_o irish_a report_n 8._o act_n 22._o 8._o fol._n 12._o it_o be_v say_v that_o one_o may_v be_v a_o freeman_n by_o birth_n marriage_n and_o service_n saint_n paul_n indeed_o be_v bear_v at_o tarsus_n in_o cicilia_n which_o be_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o challenge_v therefore_o to_o be_v a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n but_o i_o take_v it_o the_o text_n there_o take_v it_o but_o to_o be_v national_a freedom_n which_o be_v such_o a_o general_a freedom_n as_o calvin_n be_v bear_v in_o scotland_n claim_v &_o have_v in_o england_n because_o he_o be_v bear_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o that_o make_v not_o saint_n paul_n free_a of_o the_o private_a custom_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n of_o rome_n no_o more_o than_o calvin_n birth_n make_v he_o a_o free_a citizen_n of_o lincoln_n to_o the_o peculiar_a custom_n of_o that_o city_n if_o one_o be_v bear_v in_o a_o city_n of_o parent_n that_o be_v not_o free_a the_o child_n hereby_o be_v no_o citizen_n by_o birth_n and_o if_o one_o be_v bear_v of_o free_a parent_n out_o of_o the_o place_n of_o privilege_n as_o out_o of_o lincoln_n he_o yet_o be_v a_o freeman_n by_o birth_n yet_o in_o the_o charter_n grant_v of_o yarmouth_n the_o word_n be_v concessimus_fw-la burgensibus_fw-la de_fw-la magna_fw-la yermutha_n de_fw-fr villa_n predict_v '_o oriundis_fw-la that_o they_o shall_v have_v such_o liberty_n and_o such_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o special_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n may_v alter_v the_o case_n yet_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n cook_n 8._o report_n the_o king_n rep._n cook_n 8_o rep._n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n can_v not_o make_v one_o a_o freeman_n of_o london_n yet_o he_o may_v thereby_o make_v he_o a_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o whether_o those_o that_o be_v free_a by_o birth_n service_n or_o marriage_n be_v freeman_n within_o my_o statute_n or_o not_o be_v a_o question_n because_o the_o word_n thereof_o be_v absolutè_fw-la posita_fw-la to_o all_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o i_o take_v it_o that_o this_o statute_n intend_v it_o of_o such_o as_o have_v challenge_v their_o freedom_n and_o which_o have_v take_v the_o freeman_n oath_n and_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o society_n and_o fellowship_n of_o the_o freeman_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n for_o in_o james_n bag_n case_n in_o the_o 11_o rep._n such_o a_o one_o be_v take_v for_o a_o perfect_a freeman_n and_o no_o other_o so_o in_o my_o opinion_n e._n the_o son_n of_o d._n be_v no_o competent_a freeman_n of_o the_o city_n of_o lincoln_n within_o the_o branch_n of_o this_o statute_n but_o admit_v he_o be_v than_o it_o may_v be_v object_v to_o i_o that_o by_o the_o exilement_n of_o the_o father_n the_o freedom_n of_o the_o son_n be_v forfeit_v by_o reason_n he_o be_v by_o this_o exilement_n become_v no_o free_a citizen_n but_o in_o answer_n thereunto_o i_o say_v brief_o that_o if_o theson_n have_v attain_v this_o freedom_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n as_o a_o thing_n descendible_a than_o it_o have_v be_v forfeit_a by_o his_o father_n banishment_n but_o the_o son_n have_v this_o freedom_n by_o his_o own_o birth_n as_o a_o purchase_n and_o not_o by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n by_o descent_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v not_o forfeit_v by_o his_o father_n exilement_n like_o to_o the_o case_n where_o i._o s._n have_v many_o child_n and_o then_o he_o confess_v himself_o villain_n to_o i._o d._n in_o a_o court_n of_o record_n yet_o his_o child_n former_o bear_v be_v freemen_n and_o no_o villain_n because_o they_o be_v free_a by_o their_o own_o birth_n but_o the_o inheritance_n be_v enthral_v because_o it_o be_v to_o come_v to_o the_o heir_n by_o descent_n so_o that_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o if_o e._n have_v otherwise_o be_v a_o competent_a freeman_n as_o he_o be_v not_o than_o the_o exilement_n of_o his_o father_n can_v not_o have_v disable_v he_o our_o freeman_n which_o this_o statute_n speak_v of_o must_v not_o only_o be_v free_a of_o the_o city_n or_o borough_n but_o he_o must_v also_o there_o be_v resciant_fw-la for_o these_o word_n be_v material_o place_v in_o the_o say_a law_n and_o here_o e._n be_v the_o son_n of_o d._n a_o free_a citizen_n of_o lincoln_n who_o do_v there_o reside_v and_o dwell_v and_o every_o child_n be_v part_n of_o the_o father_n family_n for_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n father_n and_o child_n master_n and_o servant_n be_v of_o a_o family_n and_o a_o ward_n be_v part_n of_o his_o guardian_n family_n but_o in_o our_o case_n when_o d._n be_v banish_v he_o then_o forgo_v his_o local_a habitation_n and_o so_o his_o say_a son_n can_v not_o then_o be_v of_o his_o family_n nor_o can_v be_v intend_v to_o dwell_v with_o he_o who_o have_v no_o habitation_n in_o the_o realm_n and_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o statute_n require_v a_o actual_a habitation_n or_o resciancy_n and_o not_o a_o mathematical_a or_o imaginary_a resciancy_n such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v in_o geffries_n case_n in_o cook_n 5_o report_n for_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o one_o do_v personal_o and_o local_o dwell_v and_o reside_v at_o dale_n case_n jeffreys_n case_n and_o occupy_v land_n in_o sale_n here_o the_o party_n be_v in_o law_n but_o not_o in_o fact_n a_o inhabitant_n in_o sale_n and_o be_v there_o assess_v as_o a_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o repair_n of_o that_o church_n but_o this_o commissioner_n of_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o such_o resciancy_n as_o a_o minister_n be_v to_o his_o resciancy_n which_o in_o butler_n and_o goodhals_n case_n in_o cook_n report_v aught_o to_o be_v local_o and_o personal_o abide_v in_o the_o parish_n where_o his_o parsonage_n or_o vicarage_n house_n be_v for_o resciancy_n or_o residency_n have_v a_o like_a signification_n and_o be_v both_o of_o they_o word_n of_o that_o efficacy_n as_o they_o tie_v a_o man_n to_o his_o personal_a and_o actual_a abode_n and_o habitation_n with_o their_o family_n but_o put_v the_o case_n that_o in_o lincoln_n there_o be_v place_n exempt_v out_o of_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n and_o yet_o within_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o wall_n as_o saint_n martin_n do_v in_o london_n i_o take_v it_o if_o a_o freeman_n dwell_v there_o this_o be_v no_o resciancy_n intend_v within_o this_o statute_n because_o the_o word_n of_o our_o law_n be_v that_o he_o be_v resciant_fw-la and_o free_a of_o the_o city_n which_o go_v together_o draw_v his_o habitation_n to_o the_o place_n where_o his_o freedom_n be_v and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o decree_n make_v for_o london_n touch_v tithe_n in_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1535._o which_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o saint_n martin_n because_o it_o be_v in_o but_o not_o of_o london_n doctor_n grant_v case_n cook_n 11_o report_n our_o freeman_n must_v also_o have_v in_o clear_a movable_a substance_n to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n this_o word_n substance_n will_v have_v extend_v as_o well_o to_o one_o real_a estate_n as_o to_o his_o personal_a if_o it_o have_v go_v alone_o but_o be_v couple_v with_o the_o word_n movable_a declare_v plain_o that_o it_o only_o extend_v to_o the_o personal_a estate_n and_o i_o take_v it_o that_o these_o word_n movable_a substance_n do_v not_o only_o contain_v and_o extend_v to_o such_o thing_n quae_fw-la dese_fw-fr movere_fw-la possint_fw-la as_o live_v good_n horse_n ox_n sheep_n and_o such_o like_a but_o also_o to_o such_o thing_n quae_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la movere_fw-la non_fw-la possint_fw-la as_o plate_n jewel_n ready_a money_n utensil_n of_o house_n mercery_n drapery_n and_o other_o ware_n and_o good_n of_o value_n hay_o corn_n good_n of_o husbandry_n and_o housewifery_n but_o bird_n and_o beast_n of_o park_n and_o warrens_n and_o dove_n in_o dovehouse_n be_v not_o valueable_a sustance_n a_o hive_n of_o bee_n
or_o custom_n can_v fetch_v land_n further_o than_o the_o low_a water-mark_a ground_n leave_v but_o now_o what_o ground_n shall_v be_v say_v a_o leave_v by_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o point_n in_o my_o case_n also_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o at_o springtide_n the_o sea_n use_v to_o overflow_v the_o marsh_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o norfolk_n and_o return_v within_o a_o short_a space_n again_o these_o be_v usual_a and_o annual_a be_v not_o account_v ground_n leave_v or_o gain_v from_o the_o sea_n so_o because_o the_o marsh_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o the_o sand_n in_o lincolnshire_n be_v overflow_v every_o twelve_o hour_n and_o then_o dry_a again_o be_v not_o account_v ground_n leave_v or_o gain_v from_o the_o sea_n because_o the_o sea_n have_v daily_o her_o recourse_n thereon_o and_o therefore_o in_o 15_o and_o 16_o eliz._n in_o dier_n foe_n 326._o 326._o 15._o eliz._n dyer_n 326._o in_o the_o case_n there_o be_v a_o quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v leave_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o whether_o the_o king_n or_o he_o who_o ground_n be_v adjoin_v shall_v have_v they_o be_v there_o make_v a_o question_n but_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v a_o excellent_a precedent_n set_v down_o very_o apt_a for_o the_o handle_n of_o this_o point_n put_v in_o 43_o e._n 3._o contra_fw-la 3._o 43._o e._n 3._o abbot'de_fw-mi ramsey_n de_fw-fr quodam_fw-la processu_fw-la in_o scacario_fw-la facto_fw-la versus_fw-la dict'_fw-it abbot_n ad_fw-la ostendendum_fw-la quare_fw-la sexagint_n '_o acrae_fw-la marisci_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la dom_n '_o regis_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la sesiri_fw-la quas_fw-la predict_v '_o abbess_n appropriavit_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o domui_fw-la suae_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la regis_fw-la super_fw-la quandam_fw-la presentation_n virtute_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la generalis_fw-la commission_n '_o de_fw-fr terris_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la detentis_fw-la &_o concelatis_fw-la abbas_n respondit_fw-la quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la tenet_fw-la manner_n '_o de_fw-fr braunce_v quod_fw-la scituatum_fw-la est_fw-la juxta_fw-la mare_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la ibid._n quidam_fw-la mariscus_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquando_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la minoratur_fw-la &_o aliquando_fw-la per_fw-la de_fw-la fluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la augetur_fw-la absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la appropriavit_fw-la sibi_fw-la prout_fw-la per_fw-la presentation_n '_o predic_n '_o supponebatur_fw-la and_o the_o attorney_n of_o the_o king_n maintain_v the_o contrary_a and_o thereupon_o the_o king_n and_o the_o abbot_n be_v at_o a_o issue_n so_o by_o the_o case_n i_o gather_v these_o matter_n first_o that_o if_o by_o little_a the_o sea_n sometime_o decrease_v and_o leave_v some_o parcel_n to_o the_o land_n and_o some_o other_o time_n run_v over_o the_o same_o again_o this_o ground_n belong_v not_o to_o the_o king_n for_o these_o be_v ground_n whereto_o the_o subject_n may_v have_v a_o property_n as_o in_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o shore_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v where_o great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n which_o have_v always_o be_v drown_v before_o be_v leave_v that_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n also_o by_o this_o precedent_n the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v that_o these_o ground_n leave_v by_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o land_n be_v in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n whereto_o they_o do_v adjoyn_v and_o in_o my_o opinion_n within_o that_o parish_n whereto_o they_o lie_v for_o there_o be_v a_o presentment_n which_o be_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o nofolk_n and_o the_o jury_n take_v to_o try_v a_o issue_n must_v be_v de_fw-la viceneto_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la commitatus_fw-la but_o note_v there_o the_o presentment_n be_v by_o a_o jury_n de_fw-fr corpore_fw-la commitatus_fw-la in_o 22._o lib._n assis_n pl._n 93._o the_o case_n be_v that_o 93._o 22._o lib._n ass_n pl._n 93._o a_o river_n of_o water_n do_v run_v between_o two_o lordship_n and_o the_o soil_n of_o one_o side_n together_o with_o the_o river_n of_o water_n do_v whole_o belong_v to_o one_o of_o the_o say_a lordship_n and_o the_o river_n by_o little_a and_o little_o do_v gather_v upon_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o other_o lord_n but_o so_o slow_o that_o if_o one_o have_v fix_v his_o eye_n a_o whole_a day_n thereon_o together_o it_o can_v not_o be_v perceive_v by_o this_o petty_a and_o unperceivable_a increase_n the_o increasement_n be_v get_v to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o river_n but_o if_o the_o river_n by_o a_o sudden_a and_o unusual_a flood_n have_v gain_v hasty_o a_o great_a parcel_n of_o the_o other_o lord_n ground_n he_o shall_v not_o thereby_o have_v lose_v the_o same_o and_o so_o of_o petty_a and_o unperceivable_a increasement_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o king_n gain_v no_o property_n for_o de_fw-fr minimis_fw-la non_fw-la curate_n rex_fw-la but_o put_v the_o case_n the_o sea_n overflow_v a_o field_n where_o divers_a man_n gound_n lie_v promiscuous_o and_o there_o continue_v so_o long_o that_o the_o same_o be_v account_v parcel_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o then_o after_o many_o year_n the_o sea_n go_v back_o and_o leave_v the_o same_o but_o the_o ground_n be_v so_o deface_v as_o the_o bound_n thereof_o be_v clean_o extinct_a and_o grow_v out_o of_o knowledge_n it_o may_v be_v the_o king_n shall_v have_v those_o ground_n yet_o in_o history_n i_o find_v that_o nilus_n every_o year_n so_o overflow_v the_o ground_n adjoin_v that_o their_o bound_n be_v deface_v thereby_o yet_o they_o be_v able_a to_o set_v they_o out_o by_o the_o art_n of_o geometry_n these_o ground_n in_o my_o case_n which_o be_v leave_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o chester_n the_o prince_n count_v palatine_n of_o chester_n lie_v from_o the_o haven_n next_o to_o the_o shore_n be_v as_o i_o have_v former_o deliver_v it_o within_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n and_o therefore_o whether_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v they_o be_v now_o my_o question_n the_o prince_n have_v not_o only_a jura_n regalia_z but_o also_o escheta_n regalia_z within_o his_o say_a palatinate_n and_o so_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v not_o only_a owner_n of_o the_o county_n but_o lord_n of_o the_o prerogative_n there_o and_o all_o jurisdiction_n be_v to_o the_o prince_n only_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n of_o a_o judgement_n there_o like_o a_o appeal_n to_o caesar_n than_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o those_o law_n by_o which_o the_o freehold_a and_o inheritance_n of_o those_o land_n be_v rule_v wherefore_o then_o shall_v not_o these_o land_n belong_v to_o his_o grace_n and_o first_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o have_v a_o commission_n direct_v to_o inquire_v of_o these_o land_n ut_fw-mi de_fw-mi terris_fw-la concelatis_fw-la and_o this_o inquiry_n shall_v be_v by_o commission_n if_o that_o commission_n be_v to_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n than_o the_o land_n will_v questionless_a fall_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o inquiry_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o say_a county_n palatine_n the_o case_n put_v in_o barkleys_n case_n in_o the_o comment_n of_o mr._n plowden_n foe_n 129._o do_v force_n much_o against_o the_o prince_n title_n for_o there_o it_o be_v put_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n have_v liberties_n and_o privilege_n in_o terris_fw-la suis_fw-la inter_fw-la fluvios_fw-la de_fw-la tyne_n de_fw-fr tese_n and_o afterward_o purchase_v more_o land_n between_o these_o two_o river_n the_o say_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n shall_v not_o extend_v thereto_o and_o so_o if_o one_o have_v a_o warren_n in_o his_o land_n in_o dayle_n and_o he_o purchase_v other_o land_n there_o his_o warren_n can_v be_v extend_v upon_o these_o new_a purchase_a land_n for_o say_v the_o book_n thing_n or_o privilege_n confine_v to_o certain_a precinct_n or_o dominion_n can_v be_v extend_v further_o though_o the_o dominion_n be_v enlarge_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v enlarge_v with_o the_o enlargement_n but_o the_o county_n palatine_n vest_v in_o the_o prince_n be_v prescribe_v within_o no_o other_o bound_n then_o the_o word_n county_n do_v confine_v it_o and_o therefore_o this_o fall_v to_o be_v within_o the_o county_n shall_v be_v proper_o he_o and_o as_o i_o be_o imform_v the_o prince_n have_v special_a word_n therefore_o in_o his_o charter_n if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o these_o ground_n can_v be_v claim_v by_o charter_n but_o i_o be_o clear_a of_o opinion_n that_o no_o increase_n of_o the_o new_a leave_v ground_n can_v possible_o become_v within_o the_o county_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n for_o the_o bound_n thereof_o can_v extend_v over_o that_o circle_n which_o their_o charter_n have_v confine_v they_o to_o and_o so_o for_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n former_o declare_v i_o take_v it_o that_o the_o say_a island_n be_v the_o king_n the_o ground_n leave_v between_o the_o haven_n and_o the_o ancient_a shore_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n as_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o shore_n because_o of_o the_o say_a prescription_n appertain_v to_o c._n the_o subject_a as_o parcel_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o so_o
&_o the_o charge_n for_o the_o erect_n &_o maintain_v of_o the_o new_a one_o be_v to_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o level_n so_o that_o it_o behove_v commissioner_n to_o be_v careful_a in_o these_o affair_n else_o thing_n in_o the_o conclusion_n may_v fall_v out_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n for_o it_o be_v well_o say_v that_o rerum_fw-la progressus_fw-la ostendunt_fw-la multa_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o initio_fw-la nec_fw-la praecaveri_fw-la aut_fw-la praevideri_fw-la possunt_fw-la in_o make_v new_a law_n and_o ordinanes_n these_o thing_n be_v also_o considerable_a first_o what_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n be_v which_o be_v to_o be_v enact_v second_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v know_v then_o to_o weigh_v it_o well_o whether_o if_o it_o be_v make_v if_o then_o it_o will_v prove_v necessary_a and_o behooveful_a for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n and_o this_o necessary_a point_n be_v to_o be_v scan_v by_o the_o counsel_n and_o advise_v of_o the_o most_o discreet_a and_o experience_a person_n and_o of_o the_o best_a try_a judgement_n in_o matter_n of_o this_o native_a and_o three_o to_o consider_v what_o charge_n the_o work_n will_v cost_v for_o the_o which_o this_o law_n must_v be_v make_v for_o in_o scripture_n he_o be_v not_o count_v sapient_a that_o before_o he_o build_v a_o house_n will_v not_o first_o count_v the_o charge_n of_o it_o and_o fourthly_a what_o person_n must_v bear_v this_o charge_n lest_o it_o prove_v too_o burdensome_a and_o this_o must_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o ability_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v and_o by_o the_o the_o safety_n and_o commodity_n they_o be_v to_o have_v by_o the_o work_n i_o observe_v also_o that_o this_o statute_n use_v three_o word_n which_o be_v all_o powerful_a in_o signification_n and_o operation_n videlicet_fw-la law_n ordinance_n and_o decree_n and_o i_o think_v it_o fit_v for_o i_o so_o near_o as_o i_o can_v both_o to_o deliver_v the_o definition_n of_o they_o and_o the_o difference_n between_o they_o a_o law_n a_o law_n be_v proper_o a_o matter_n which_o have_v take_v his_o essence_n and_o power_n by_o a_o custom_n time_n out_o of_o memory_n as_o the_o common_a law_n have_v do_v or_o else_o be_v a_o matter_n act_v and_o enact_v in_o parliament_n by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o great_a counsel_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n thereof_o for_o the_o order_n of_o man_n body_n land_n and_o good_n and_o such_o a_o law_n be_v hereby_o intend_a because_o the_o law_n which_o the_o commissioner_n shall_v make_v have_v the_o power_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o strengthen_v and_o assist_v they_o and_o they_o be_v to_o receive_v life_n and_o perfection_n from_o this_o statute_n i_o read_v on_o ordinance_n a_o ordinance_n be_v a_o word_n have_v a_o more_o private_a and_o less_o powerful_a signification_n than_o the_o word_n law_n have_v for_o it_o be_v a_o law_n but_o of_o a_o secundary_a power_n enact_v by_o a_o corporation_n company_n or_o commission_n proceed_v mere_o out_o of_o the_o power_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n by_o charter_n grant_v or_o commission_n warrant_v the_o same_o as_o those_o corporation_n society_n and_o company_n which_o have_v power_n by_o charter_n or_o patent_n to_o make_v the_o same_o as_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o london_n case_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n report_v also_o ordinance_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o power_n of_o a_o court_n as_o in_o a_o court_n baron_n to_o make_v order_n or_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o town_n by_o custom_n for_o the_o order_n of_o their_o commons_o repair_v of_o their_o church_n and_o highway_n and_o these_o be_v more_o proper_o by-law_n than_o law_n for_o a_o law_n be_v either_o the_o common_a law_n customary_a law_n or_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n all_o which_o be_v of_o great_a force_n than_o any_o law_n make_v by_o these_o secundary_a mean_n which_o of_o themselves_o be_v of_o little_a or_o no_o strength_n but_o as_o they_o be_v assist_v by_o other_o primary_n power_n decree_n a_o decree_n be_v neither_o a_o law_n nor_o ordinance_n in_o proper_a definition_n but_o be_v only_o a_o sentence_n or_o judgement_n in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n deliver_v or_o declare_v by_o the_o judge_n there_o by_o and_o through_o the_o power_n &_o strength_n of_o a_o general_a former_a law_n for_o decretum_fw-la est_fw-la sententia_fw-la lata_fw-la super_fw-la legem_fw-la so_o that_o a_o law_n be_v a_o general_a direction_n for_o a_o multitude_n a_o ordinance_n be_v a_o subordinate_a direction_n proceed_v out_o of_o a_o more_o general_a power_n and_o a_o decree_n be_v a_o sentence_n deliver_v for_o or_o against_o a_o particular_a person_n ground_v upon_o the_o say_a law_n and_o ordinance_n continuance_n of_o law_n it_o come_v now_o fit_o for_o i_o in_o turn_n and_o course_n to_o declare_v the_o continuance_n of_o these_o law_n ordinance_n and_o decree_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v but_o temporary_a though_o other_o perpetual_a the_o word_n in_o our_o statute_n be_v that_o every_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n make_v before_o the_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 8._o concern_v the_o thing_n and_o matter_n therein_o mention_v as_o well_o in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 8._o as_o of_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n not_o be_v contrary_a to_o this_o statute_n or_o heretofore_o repeal_v shall_v stand_v in_o force_n for_o ever_o and_o be_v command_v to_o be_v put_v in_o due_a execution_n but_o this_o clause_n be_v intend_v of_o all_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v touch_v the_o sewer_n and_o be_v not_o intend_v or_o mean_v of_o law_n and_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n themselves_o law_n and_o decree_n make_v for_o sale_n of_o land_n by_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o ingross_v into_o parchment_n and_o certify_v under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o commissioner_n into_o the_o chancery_n and_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n have_v thereto_o under_o the_o privy_a seal_n shall_v also_o stand_v good_a and_o effectual_a and_o all_o law_n and_o ordinance_n write_v in_o parchment_n and_o indent_a and_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o commissioner_n whereof_o the_o one_o part_n shall_v remain_v with_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o sewer_n and_o the_o other_o part_n to_o remain_v in_o such_o place_n as_o the_o commissioner_n shall_v appoint_v notwithstanding_o the_o same_o be_v not_o certify_v into_o the_o chancery_n nor_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n be_v have_v thereto_o shall_v continue_v in_o force_n till_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v alter_v 9_o 13_o eliz._n cap._n 9_o repeal_v or_o make_v void_a by_o another_o commission_n of_o sewer_n although_o the_o former_a commission_n by_o the_o which_o these_o law_n be_v make_v be_v determine_v by_o supersedeas_fw-la the_o commission_n be_v to_o continue_v for_o ten_o year_n from_o the_o date_n thereof_o by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o eliz._n yet_o notwithstanding_o el._n 13_o el._n all_o law_n and_o ordinance_n which_o be_v write_v in_o parchment_n indent_a and_o seal_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n without_o certify_v into_o the_o chancery_n or_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n have_v thereto_o shall_v notwithstanding_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o commission_n by_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o say_v ten_o year_n continue_v in_o force_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n next_o ensue_a to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n for_o that_o time_n by_o six_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n whereof_o two_o to_o be_v of_o the_o quorum_fw-la but_o then_o the_o power_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n be_v cease_v by_o the_o corn_v of_o a_o new_a commission_n of_o sewer_n all_o other_o law_n and_o ordinnce_n of_o sewer_n which_o be_v but_o make_v and_o write_v in_o paper_n or_o which_o be_v but_o in_o parchment_n and_o not_o indent_v or_o which_o be_v indent_v also_o if_o not_o seal_v continue_v in_o force_n no_o long_o than_o that_o commission_n continue_v by_o the_o power_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v and_o so_o by_o this_o short_a declaration_n i_o have_v make_v the_o commissioner_n may_v the_o better_o observe_v how_o long_a time_n law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o sewer_n be_v to_o continue_v in_o force_n yet_o though_o they_o lose_v their_o vigour_n they_o may_v notwithstanding_o be_v revive_v by_o the_o power_n of_o a_o new_a commission_n or_o remain_v for_o precedent_n for_o after_o age_n to_o imitate_v repeal_n of_o law_n in_o this_o last_o place_n i_o intend_v to_o deliver_v my_o opinion_n what_o law_n ordinance_n and_o decree_n may_v be_v repeal_v alter_v or_o make_v void_a by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n therefore_o it_o be_v first_o to_o be_v consider_v what_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o repeal_n or_o