Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	john_n	sir_n	town_n	12,188	5	8.1149	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54633	The antient right of the Commons of England asserted, or, A discourse proving by records and the best historians that the Commons of England were ever an essential part of Parliament by William Petyt of the Inner-Temple, Esq.	Petyt, William, 1636-1707.	1680 (1680)	Wing P1945; ESTC R422	80,113	272

learned_a bodin_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o province_n and_o ancient_a city_n 3._o the_o portugal_n cortes_n or_o parliament_n 279._o consist_v of_o the_o bishop_n and_o prelate_n the_o nobiles_fw-la majores_fw-la &_o minores_fw-la and_o two_o procurator_n or_o burgess_n from_o every_o city_n who_o have_v a_o deliberative_a voice_n which_o they_o call_v definitive_a 4._o in_o denmark_n pontanus_n say_v 〈…〉_z the_o bishop_n the_o nobility_n &_o civitatum_fw-la delegati_fw-la the_o deputy_n or_o commissioner_n of_o town_n and_o city_n make_v up_o their_o general_n council_n 5._o for_o sweden_n it_o do_v not_o much_o 〈◊〉_d differ_v from_o the_o government_n and_o form_n of_o denmark_n their_o common_a council_n consist_v of_o the_o same_o estate_n and_o degree_n of_o people_n that_o be_v to_o say_v proceres_fw-la &_o nobiles_fw-la the_o great_a and_o the_o less_o nobility_n episcopi_fw-la &_o ecclesiastici_fw-la civitates_fw-la &_o universitates_fw-la the_o city_n borough_n and_o village_n i_o may_v here_o if_o it_o be_v needful_a show_v how_o great_a a_o share_n and_o interest_n the_o hanze_n or_o free_a town_n in_o germany_n have_v by_o their_o deputy_n in_o all_o age_n have_v in_o the_o diet_n or_o general_n council_n of_o the_o empire_n 6._o but_o now_o at_o last_o we_o be_v come_v to_o scotland_n sir_n john_n skene_n in_o his_o epistle_n scotiae_fw-la dedicatory_a to_o king_n james_n before_o his_o scottish_a law_n write_v thus_o intelligo_fw-la tuas_fw-la tuorumque_fw-la majorum_fw-la leges_fw-la quae_fw-la cum_fw-la legibus_fw-la regni_fw-la tui_fw-la angliae_fw-la magna_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la consentiunt_fw-la and_o then_o in_o his_o book_n show_v that_o willielmus_fw-la cognominatus_fw-la leo_fw-la who_o as_o be_v say_v begin_v to_o reign_v in_o 1105._o and_o reign_v 49._o year_n so_o as_o he_o be_v king_n of_o scotland_n 5_o 10_o of_o our_o henry_n the_o first_o hold_v his_o assize_n or_o parliament_n at_o 7._o perth_n where_o several_a law_n be_v ordain_v to_o the_o observance_n whereof_o episcopi_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la barones_n thani_n &_o tota_fw-la communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la tenere_fw-la firmiter_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la king_n alexander_n begin_v to_o reign_v 2._o anno_fw-la 1214._o which_o be_v the_o sixteen_o year_n of_o our_o king_n john_n and_o reign_v 35._o year_n so_o as_o he_o die_v a_o 38_o h._n 3._o he_o make_v his_o law_n de_fw-fr consilio_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la venerabilium_fw-la patrum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la baronum_fw-la ac_fw-la proborum_fw-la hominum_fw-la suorum_fw-la scotiae_fw-la and_o etc._n what_o the_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o king_n william_n statute_n and_o the_o prob●_n homines_fw-la in_o king_n alexander_n be_v the_o league_n make_v between_o the_o french_a king_n and_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n anno_fw-la 28_o e._n 1._o clear_o show_v be_v 1._o ratify_v and_o confirm_v in_o their_o parliament_n per_fw-la johannem_fw-la de_fw-la balliolo_fw-la than_o king_n ac_fw-la praelatos_fw-la &_o nobiles_fw-la &_o universitates_fw-la &_o communitates_fw-la civitatum_fw-la &_o villarum_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la scotiae_fw-la and_o the_o constant_a practice_n ever_o since_o have_v be_v that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n have_v send_v their_o proxy_n or_o representative_n to_o the_o parliament_n of_o that_o kingdom_n it_o may_v therefore_o seem_v very_o strange_a that_o when_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la be_v ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la even_o in_o time_n coeval_fw-fr with_o the_o government_n a_o essential_a part_n of_o their_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n that_o england_n shall_v not_o be_v under_o the_o same_o constitution_n be_v but_o descendant_n from_o gaul_n or_o the_o more_o northern_a country_n if_o so_o 1._o be_v it_o because_o in_o the_o britton_n saxon_n and_o norman_a time_n there_o be_v no_o city_n or_o borough_n or_o if_o there_o be_v be_v they_o so_o poor_a and_o inconsiderable_a as_o they_o deserve_v no_o observation_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o state_n or_o 2._o be_v it_o because_o by_o a_o strange_a and_o unheard_a of_o fate_n peculiar_a and_o proper_a only_o to_o they_o they_o be_v not_o fit_a or_o capable_a to_o give_v or_o hear_v reason_n as_o well_o as_o the_o delegate_n or_o representative_n of_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n of_o france_n spain_n portugal_n denmark_n sweden_n and_o scotland_n or_o 3._o have_v they_o no_o property_n or_o right_n in_o their_o estate_n certain_o in_o my_o opinion_n none_o of_o these_o objection_n can_v be_v admit_v allow_v or_o prove_v for_o in_o the_o briton_n time_n venerable_a 1._o bede_n tell_v we_o erat_fw-la britannia_fw-la viginti_fw-la &_o octo_fw-la civitatibus_fw-la quondam_a nobilissimis_fw-la insignita_fw-la praeter_fw-la castilia_n innumera_fw-la quae_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la muris_fw-la turribus_fw-la portis_fw-la ac_fw-la seris_fw-la erant_fw-la instructa_fw-la firmissimis_fw-la nor_o be_v they_o of_o less_o reputation_n in_o the_o saxon_a or_o norman_a time_n when_o they_o be_v think_v so_o necessary_a and_o proper_a for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o govern_v mean_v preservation_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o law_n that_o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o william_n the_o first_o and_o the_o common_a 〈…〉_z council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o no_o market_n or_o fair_a shall_v be_v permit_v to_o be_v hold_v nisi_fw-la in_o civitatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la &_o in_fw-la burgis_fw-la ubi_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o jus_fw-la commune_fw-la &_o dignitates_fw-la coronae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la deperiri_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la nec_fw-la defraudari_fw-la nec_fw-la violari_fw-la sed_fw-la omne_fw-la recte_fw-la &_o in_fw-la aperto_fw-la &_o per_fw-la judicium_fw-la &_o justitiam_fw-la fieri_fw-la debent_fw-la etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la tuitionem_fw-la gentium_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o if_o in_o the_o briton_n time_n the_o nation_n be_v so_o strong_a in_o city_n and_o castle_n sure_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o that_o in_o the_o saxon_a and_o norman_a time_n when_o the_o nation_n become_v to_o be_v more_o civilise_a and_o considerable_a in_o the_o world_n the_o estate_n or_o degree_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n 3._o will_v easy_o part_v with_o these_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n which_o their_o ancestor_n though_o less_o know_v and_o powerful_a do_v claim_v and_o enjoy_v have_v thus_o conclude_v my_o argument_n against_o the_o position_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o i_o have_v think_v it_o not_o altogether_o impertinent_a to_o add_v some_o brief_a observation_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o ancient_a record_n and_o historian_n in_o their_o various_a lection_n and_o different_a expression_n i_o shall_v therefore_o consider_v 1._o the_o different_a application_n of_o the_o word_n commune_v communitas_fw-la or_o plebs_fw-la 2._o the_o several_a denomination_n by_o which_o our_o ancient_a general_n or_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n be_v express_v 3._o the_o various_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n baro_n and_o that_o under_o the_o phrase_n of_o baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la both_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v comprehend_v observation_n i._n the_o different_a application_n of_o the_o word_n commune_v communitas_fw-la or_o plebs_fw-la there_o lie_v a_o main_a objection_n 164._o against_o i_o for_o some_o author_n say_v that_o the_o word_n commons_o communitas_fw-la or_o plebs_fw-la be_v not_o to_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o any_o ancient_a author_n or_o record_n ab_fw-la ingressu_fw-la willielmi_n primi_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la excessum_fw-la h._n 3._o and_o therefore_o conclude_v they_o be_v never_o a_o part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o because_o not_o mention_v eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la admit_v the_o objection_n true_a answer_n which_o i_o conceive_v otherwise_o yet_o it_o be_v no_o conclusive_a argument_n for_o before_o the_o statute_n an._n 3_o r._n 2._o cap._n 3._o 3._o i_o can_v find_v the_o appellation_n of_o lord_n temporal_a nor_o before_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o that_o king_n cap._n 2._o the_o phrase_n lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a in_o our_o 156._o print_a statute_n book_n ergo_fw-la from_o thence_o it_o follow_v by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n according_a to_o their_o argument_n that_o they_o be_v not_o any_o part_n of_o the_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n before_o those_o time_n because_o not_o express_v by_o that_o name_n i_o suppose_v this_o conclusion_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v true_a but_o as_o i_o be_o well_o satisfy_v that_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n who_o be_v often_o express_v by_o and_o comprehend_v in_o the_o word_n praelati_fw-la and_o who_o in_o after_o time_n constitute_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o now_o difference_v the_o lord_n temporal_a be_v ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la undoubted_o a_o part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n so_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v if_o insist_v upon_o that_o the_o milites_fw-la and_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la or_o angliae_fw-la the_o knight_n and_o gentleman_n or_o

she_o send_v writ_n in_o the_o king_n name_n direct_v archiepiscopis_fw-la 〈…〉_z episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la liberis_fw-la cominibus_fw-la civibus_fw-la &_o burgensibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la s_o 〈…〉_z hiberniae_fw-la tell_v they_o that_o mittimus_fw-la fratrem_fw-la nicholaum_n de_fw-la sancto_fw-la neoto_fw-la fratrem_fw-la hospi●●i_fw-la sancti_fw-la johannis_n jerusalem_n in_fw-la anglia_fw-it ad_fw-la parse_n hiberniae_fw-la ad_fw-la exponendum_fw-la vobis_fw-la together_o with_o i._o fitz_n geoffrey_n the_o king_n justice_n the_o state_n of_o his_o land_n of_o vascony_n endanger_v by_o the_o hostile_a invasion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n qui_fw-fr nullo_n jure_fw-la sed_fw-la potentia_fw-la sua_fw-la consisus_fw-la terram_fw-la nostram_fw-la vasconiae_fw-la per_fw-la ipsius_fw-la fortitudinem_fw-la à_fw-la manibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la auferre_fw-la &_o à_fw-la dominio_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la segregare_fw-la 3._o proponit_fw-la and_o therefore_o universitatem_fw-la vestram_fw-la quanta_fw-la possumus_fw-la affectione_n rogantes_fw-la quatenus_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o jura_fw-la nostra_fw-la totaliter_fw-la indefensa_fw-la non_fw-la deserentes_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o tanto_fw-la periculo_fw-la quantumcunque_fw-la poteritis_fw-la de_fw-la gente_fw-la &_o pecunia_fw-la subveniatis_fw-la which_o will_v turn_v to_o their_o everlasting_a honour_n conclude_v his_o nostris_fw-la angustiis_fw-la taliter_fw-la compatientes_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o baeredes_fw-la nostri_fw-la vobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la vestris_fw-la sumus_fw-la non_fw-la immerito_fw-la obligati_fw-la testae_fw-la regina_fw-la &_o r._n comite_fw-la cornubiae_fw-la apud_fw-la windesor_fw-la 17_o o_o die_v februarii_fw-la per_fw-la reginam_fw-la the_o other_o write_v somewhat_o vary_v 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o commission_n touch_v the_o chief_a justice_n fitz_n geoffrey_n to_o be_v as_o a_o assistant_n or_o co-commissioner_n with_o father_n nicholas_n to_o hold_v the_o parliament_n to_o declare_v to_o they_o the_o state_n of_o gascony_n &_o pericula_fw-la nobis_fw-la imminentia_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la tractandum_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la super_fw-la auxilio_fw-la nobis_fw-la faciendo_fw-la against_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n desire_v they_o will_v give_v faith_n to_o what_o the_o chief_a justice_n shall_v say_v to_o they_o thereupon_o rot._n pat._n 5_o e._n 1._o m._n 13._o we_o 13._o read_v rex_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la anglicis_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la etc._n etc._n vobis_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la certos_fw-la dies_fw-la quos_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la provideritis_fw-la videlicet_fw-la citra_fw-la festum_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la virgin_n in_o aliquibus_fw-la locis_fw-la opportunis_fw-la conveniatis_fw-la &_o diligentem_fw-la tractatum_fw-la inter_fw-la vos_fw-la habeatis_fw-la utrum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la praejudicio_fw-la vestri_fw-la &_o libertatum_fw-la &_o consuetudinum_fw-la vestrarum_fw-la that_o the_o mere_a irish_a shall_v use_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n in_o common_a as_o the_o english_a there_o and_o to_o send_v their_o judgement_n and_o counsel_n under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o ireland_n and_o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o this_o king_n magnates_n &_o dorso_fw-la probi_fw-la homines_fw-la terrae_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la quint_fw-la amdecimam_fw-la partem_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o catallis_fw-la suis_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la gratiose_fw-la to_o the_o king_n which_o certain_o be_v do_v in_o the_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o that_o the_o general_a phrase_n probi_fw-la homines_fw-la do_v include_v and_o comprehend_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n to_o be_v part_n of_o that_o general_n council_n for_o rot._n claus._n 7_o h._n 3._o m._n 7._o dorso_fw-la the_o citizen_n of_o dublin_n be_v call_v probi_fw-la homines_fw-la nostri_fw-la dublyn_n from_o hence_o may_v be_v observe_v 1._o that_o by_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 38_o h._n 3._o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v summon_v to_o meet_v at_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o freeholders_n and_o equal_o desire_v to_o give_v the_o king_n a_o subsidy_n of_o man_n and_o money_n 2._o that_o though_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o e._n 1._o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v not_o mention_v eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la the_o phrase_n of_o direction_n in_o writ_n be_v in_o those_o age_n very_o various_a sometime_o more_o general_a and_o sometime_o more_o particular_a yet_o the_o word_n omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la anglicis_fw-la after_o baronibus_fw-la &_o militibus_fw-la must_v comprehend_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n who_o be_v to_o meet_v and_o diligent_o to_o treat_v with_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o knight_n and_o freeholder_n whether_o it_o will_v be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o custom_n if_o the_o mere_a irish_a shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o they_o of_o the_o english_a extraction_n do_v and_o they_o be_v to_o join_v in_o give_v their_o judgement_n and_o counsel_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o reason_n itself_o speak_v it_o since_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o mere_a irish_a into_o equal_a privilege_n and_o right_n with_o themselves_o in_o their_o city_n and_o town_n will_v be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o consequence_n to_o they_o for_o upon_o the_o king_n grant_v by_o charter_n to_o several_a irish_a family_n the_o benefit_n of_o the_o english_a law_n great_a dispute_n arise_v so_o that_o rot._n claus._n 10_o e._n 2._o m._n 28._o intus_fw-la upon_o a_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n he_o grant_v that_o semel_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la tene●tur_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la to_o redress_v their_o grievance_n touch_v the_o irish_a and_o english_a law_n and_o so_o the_o word_n parliamentum_fw-la ascertain_v what_o those_o council_n be_v in_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 38_o h._n 3._o and_o 5_o e._n 1._o beforementioned_a and_o now_o i_o will_v close_v my_o argument_n declare_v under_o the_o good_a favour_n of_o so_o eminent_o learned_a author_n that_o their_o resolve_n and_o opinion_n which_o they_o have_v publish_v to_o the_o world_n that_o the_o inception_n and_o original_a election_n of_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n or_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n as_o now_o phrased_a into_o parliament_n by_o rebellion_n and_o treason_n anno_fw-la 49_o h._n 3._o be_v not_o at_o all_o satisfactory_a and_o convince_a in_o my_o judgement_n unless_o they_o give_v more_o certain_a and_o great_a testimonial_n than_o yet_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o answer_v these_o few_o record_n against_o their_o so_o severe_a position_n a_o position_n believe_v i_o that_o like_o a_o tempestuous_a whirlwind_n not_o only_o rend_v off_o and_o dismember_v a_o essential_a branch_n but_o shake_v the_o very_a root_n of_o the_o right_n and_o honour_n of_o our_o english_a parliament_n and_o equal_o wound_v both_o lord_n and_o commons_o because_o these_o learned_a author_n themselves_o do_v agree_v that_o there_o be_v not_o yet_o discover_v any_o formal_a summons_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n no_o more_o than_o of_o the_o commons_o to_o any_o parliament_n before_o the_o say_v 49_o h._n 3._o and_o here_o i_o must_v beg_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o reader_n of_o add_v a_o supplemental_a argument_n which_o at_o first_o i_o confess_v be_v not_o intend_v and_o it_o be_v this_o if_o in_o the_o general_a council_n or_o in_o our_o present_a dialect_n parliament_n for_o instance_n 1._o of_o france_n 2._o spain_n 3._o portugal_n 4._o denmark_n 5._o sweden_n and_o 6._o scotland_n the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n or_o borough_n have_v from_o time_n immemorable_a both_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la have_v their_o delegate_n or_o representative_n upon_o what_o authority_n or_o reason_n can_v it_o be_v believe_v that_o so_o universal_a a_o northern_a custom_n or_o law_n do_v not_o obtain_v and_o be_v never_o practise_v in_o england_n before_o 49_o h._n 3_o 1._o for_o france_n we_o find_v their_o 9_o conventus_fw-la ordinum_fw-la or_o l'assemblie_n des_fw-fr estate_n consist_v the_o sacerdotio_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la &_o plebe_fw-la of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o commons_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v consimiliforma_fw-la 9_o h._n 5._o which_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o peace_n make_v between_o england_n and_o france_n that_o the_o same_o be_v confirm_v in_o france_n per_fw-la tres_fw-la status_fw-la regni_fw-la viz._n praelatorum_fw-la &_o cleri_fw-la necnon_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la civium_fw-la delegate_n burgensium_fw-la civitatum_fw-la villarum_fw-la &_o communitatum_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la francorum_fw-la ipsi_fw-la tres_fw-la status_fw-la eandem_fw-la pacem_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la contenta_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la approbarunt_fw-la laudarunt_fw-la acceptarunt_fw-la &_o auctorizarunt_fw-la it_o seem_v by_o this_o that_o the_o french_a king_n be_v not_o so_o despotical_a and_o absolute_a by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o that_o kingdom_n as_o their_o successor_n have_v by_o act_n of_o power_n since_o make_v themselves_o 2._o in_o spain_n their_o curia_fw-la or_o cortes_n deal_v reyno_n be_v compound_v as_o dr._n heylin_n cite_v out_o of_o the_o