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B09727 An essay concerning the multiplication of mankind: together with another essay in political arithmetick, concerning the growth of the city of London: with the measures, periods, causes, and consequences thereof. 1682. / By Sir William Petty ... Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687. 1698 (1698) Wing P1923A; ESTC R181748 13,845 46

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AN ESSAY Concerning the Multiplication of Mankind Together with another ESSAY IN Political Arithmetick Concerning the Growth of the City of LONDON WITH THE Measures Periods Causes and Consequences thereof 1682. The Third Edition Revised and Enlarged By Sir WILLIAM PETTY late Fellow of the Royal-Society LONDON Printed for Robert Clavel at the Peacock and Henry Mortlock at the Phoenix in St. Paul's Church Yard 1698. THE STATIONER TO THE READER THE ensuing Essay concerning the Growth of the City of London was Entitled Another Essay intimating that some other Essay had preceded it which was not to be found I having been much importuned for that precedent Essay have found that the same was about the Growth Increase and Multiplication of Mankind which Subject should in Order of Nature precede that of the Growth of the City of London but am not able to procure the Essay it self only I have obtained from a Gentleman who sometimes corresponded with Sir William Petty an Extract of a Letter from Sir William to him which I verily believe containeth the scope thereof wherefore I must desire the Reader to be content therewith till more can be had The Extract of a Letter concerning the scope of an ESSAY intended to precede another ESSAY concerning the Growth of the City of LONDON c. An ESSAY in Political Arithmetick concerning the Value and Increase of People and Colonies THE Scope of this Essay is concerning People and Colonies and to make way for another Essay concerning the Growth of the City of London I desire in this first Essay to give the World some light concerning the Numbers of People in England with Wales and in Ireland as also of the Number of Houses and Families wherein they live and of Acres they occupy 2. How many live upon their Lands how many upon their Personal Estates and Commerce and how many upon Art and Labour how many upon Alms how many upon Offices and Publick Employments and how many as Cheats and Thieves how many are Impotent Children and decrepit old Men. 3. How many upon the Poll-Taxes in England do pay extraordinary Rates and how many at the Level 4. How many Men and Women are Prolifick and how many of each are Married and Unmarried 5. What the Value of People are in England and what in Ireland at a Medium both as Members of the Church or Commonwealth or as Slaves and Servants to one another with a Method how to estimate the same in any other Country or Colony 6. How to compute the Value of Land in Colonies in comparison to England and Ireland 7. How Ten Thousand People in a Colony may be and planted to the best advantage 8. A Conjecture in what Number of Years England and Ireland may be fully peopled as also all America and lastly the whole habitable Earth 9. What spot of the Earth's-Globe were fittest for a general and universal Emporium whereby all the People thereof may best enjoy one anothers Labours and Commodities 10. Whether the speedy peopling of the Earth would make 1. For the good of Mankind 2. To fulfil the revealed Will of God 3. To what Prince or State the same would be most advantageous 11. An Exhortation to all thinking Men to salve the Scriptures and other good Histories concerning the Number of People in all Ages of the World in the great Cities thereof and elsewhere 12. An Appendix concerning the different Number of Sea-Fish and Wild-Fowl at the end of every Thousand Years since Noah's Flood 13. An Hypothesis of the use of those Spaces of about 8000 Miles through within the Globe of our Earth supposing a Shell of 150 Miles thick 14. What may be the meaning of Glorified Bodies in case the place of the Blessed shall be without the Convex of the Orb of the fixed Stars if that the whole System of the World was made for the use of our Earth's Men. The Principal Points of this Discourse 1. THAT London doubles in Forty Years and all England in Three Hundred and Sixty Years 2. That there be Anno 1682. about Six Hundred and Seventy Thousand Souls in London and about Seven Millions Four Hundred Thousand in all England and Wales and about Twenty Eight Millions of Acres of profitable Land 3. That the Periods of doubling the People are found to be in all Degrees from between Ten to Twelve Hundred Years 4. That the Growth of London must stop of itself before the Year 1800. 5. A Table helping to understand the Scriptures concerning the Number of People mentioned in them 6. That the World will be fully Peopled within the next Two Thousand Years 7. Twelve ways whereby to Try any Proposal pretended for the publick Good 8. How the City of London may be made morally speaking Invincible 9. An help to Uniformity in Religion 10. That 't is possible to increase Mankind by Generation four times more than at present 11. The Plagues of London are the Chief Impediment and Objection against the Growth of the City 12. That an exact Account of the People is necessary in this Matter Of the Growth of the City of LONDON and of the Measures Periods Causes and Consequences thereof BY the City of London Wh●● is me●●t by Lo●●on we mean the Housing within the Walls of the Old City with the Liberties thereof Westminster the Borough of Southwark and so much of the built Ground in Middlesex and Surrey whose Houses are contiguous unto or within Call of those afore-mentioned Or else we mean the Housing which stand upon the Ninety Seven Parishes within the Walls of London upon the Sixteen Parishes next without them the Six Parishes of Westminster and the Fourteen out-Parishes in Middlesex and Surrey contiguous to the former all which One Hundred and Thirty Three Parishes are comprehended within the Weekly Bills of Mortality The Growth of this City is measured Wha● is mea●● by ●he Gro●●h of Lon●on 1. By the Quantity of Ground or Number of Acres upon which it stands 2. By the Number of Houses as the same appears by the Hearth-Books and late Maps 3. By the Cubical Content of the said Housing 4. By the Flooring of the same 5. By the Number of Days-work or Charge of Building the said Houses 6. By the Value of the said Houses according to their yearly Rent and Number of Years Purchase 7. By the Number of Inhabitants according to which latter Sense only we make our Computation in this Essay Till a better Rule can be obtained we conceive that the Proportion of the People may be sufficiently measured by the Proportion of the Burials in such Years as were neither remarkable for extraordinary Healthfulness or Sickliness That the City hath Increased in this latter Sense 〈◊〉 what M●●sures th● City ha●● incr●●sed appears from the Bills of Mortality represented in the two following Tables viz. One whereof is a continuation for Eighteen Years ending 1682. of that Table which was published in the 117. Page of the Book of